FUELCELL ENERGY INC - Quarter Report: 2008 April (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
Form
10-Q
|
x |
|
Quarterly
Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of
1934
|
For
the quarterly period ended April 30, 2008
or
o |
|
Transition
Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of
1934
|
For
the transition period from
to
Commission
File Number 1-14204
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
(Exact
name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware
|
|
06-0853042
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
incorporation
or organization)
|
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification Number)
|
3
Great Pasture Road
|
||
06813
|
||
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
|
Zip
Code
|
(203)
825-6000
(Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code )
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes x No
o
Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act
Large
accelerated filer o
|
Accelerated
filer x
|
Non-accelerated
filer o
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
o No x
Number
of shares of common stock, par value $.0001 per share, outstanding at June
6,
2008: 68,719,649
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
FORM
10-Q
As
of and
For the Three and Six Month Periods Ended April 30, 2008
|
Page
|
||
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||
Item
1.
|
|
Consolidated
Financial Statements (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007
|
3
|
|
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the three months ended April 30, 2008
and
2007
|
4
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the six months ended April 30, 2008
and
2007
|
5
|
||
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended April 30, 2008
and
2007
|
6
|
||
|
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
7
|
Item
2.
|
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
|
17
|
Item
3.
|
|
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
|
32
|
Item
4.
|
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
33
|
PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION | ||
Item
4.
|
Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
|
34
|
|
Item 6.
|
|
Exhibits
|
35
|
|
|
Signature
|
36
|
2
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated
Balance Sheets
(Dollars
in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
April
30,
2008
(Unaudited)
|
October
31,
2007
|
||||
ASSETS
|
|||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
68,940
|
$
|
92,997
|
|
Investments:
U.S. treasury securities
|
44,557
|
60,634
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $17 and $63,
respectively
|
12,861
|
10,063
|
|||
Inventories,
net
|
30,953
|
29,581
|
|||
Other
current assets
|
8,588
|
7,730
|
|||
Total
current assets
|
165,899
|
201,005
|
|||
Property,
plant and equipment, net
|
38,169
|
39,612
|
|||
Investments:
U.S. treasury securities
|
8,251
|
—
|
|||
Investment
and loan to affiliate
|
11,177
|
12,216
|
|||
Other
assets, net
|
446
|
355
|
|||
Total
assets
|
$
|
223,942
|
$
|
253,188
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES
AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||
Current
portion of long-term debt and other liabilities
|
$
|
781
|
$
|
924
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
14,021
|
9,516
|
|||
Accounts
payable due to affiliate
|
3,003
|
2,881
|
|||
Accrued
liabilities
|
8,257
|
8,511
|
|||
Deferred
license fee income
|
600
|
—
|
|||
Deferred
revenue and customer deposits
|
26,140
|
20,486
|
|||
Total
current liabilities
|
52,802
|
42,318
|
|||
Long-term
deferred revenue
|
3,495
|
4,401
|
|||
Long-term
debt and other liabilities
|
1,105
|
613
|
|||
Total
liabilities
|
57,402
|
47,332
|
|||
Redeemable
minority interest
|
12,559
|
11,884
|
|||
Redeemable
preferred stock ($0.01 par value, liquidation preference of $64,120
at April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007.)
|
59,950
|
59,950
|
|||
Shareholders’
equity:
|
|||||
Common
stock ($.0001 par value); 150,000,000 shares authorized at April
30, 2008
and October 31, 2007; 68,620,459
and 68,085,059 shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2008
and October
31, 2007, respectively.
|
7
|
7
|
|||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
575,846
|
571,944
|
|||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(481,822)
|
(437,929)
|
|||
Treasury
stock, Common, at cost (8,981 and 12,282 shares at April 30, 2008
and
October 31, 2007, respectively)
|
(90)
|
(126)
|
|||
Deferred
compensation
|
90
|
126
|
|||
Total
shareholders’ equity
|
94,031
|
134,022
|
|||
Total
liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
$
|
223,942
|
$
|
253,188
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated
Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(Dollars
in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Three
Months Ended
April
30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Revenues:
|
|||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
$
|
26,440
|
$
|
8,861
|
|||
Research
and development contracts
|
5,203
|
2,522
|
|||||
Total
revenues
|
31,643
|
11,383
|
|||||
Costs
and expenses:
|
|||||||
Cost
of product sales and revenues
|
39,787
|
16,394
|
|||||
Cost
of research and development contracts
|
4,831
|
2,096
|
|||||
Administrative
and selling expenses
|
5,798
|
4,773
|
|||||
Research
and development expenses
|
5,931
|
6,654
|
|||||
Total
costs and expenses
|
56,347
|
29,917
|
|||||
Loss
from operations
|
(24,704
|
)
|
(18,534
|
)
|
|||
Interest
expense
|
(17
|
)
|
(21
|
)
|
|||
Loss
from equity investments
|
(607
|
)
|
(401
|
)
|
|||
Interest
and other income, net
|
824
|
1,373
|
|||||
Loss
before redeemable minority interest
|
(24,504
|
)
|
(17,583
|
)
|
|||
Redeemable
minority interest
|
(473
|
)
|
(421
|
)
|
|||
Loss
before provision for income taxes
|
(24,977
|
)
|
(18,004
|
)
|
|||
Provision
for income taxes
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Net
loss
|
(24,977
|
)
|
(18,004
|
)
|
|||
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock dividends
|
(802
|
)
|
(802
|
)
|
|||
Net
loss to common shareholders
|
$
|
(25,779
|
)
|
$
|
(18,806
|
)
|
|
Loss
per share basic and diluted:
|
|||||||
Net
loss per share to common shareholders
|
$
|
(0.38
|
)
|
$
|
(0.32
|
)
|
|
Basic
and diluted weighted average shares outstanding
|
68,540,701
|
58,750,006
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated
Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
(Dollars
in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Six
Months Ended
April
30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Revenues:
|
|||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
$
|
36,208
|
$
|
13,760
|
|||
Research
and development contracts
|
10,454
|
4,457
|
|||||
Total
revenues
|
46,662
|
18,217
|
|||||
Costs
and expenses:
|
|||||||
Cost
of product sales and revenues
|
59,197
|
29,776
|
|||||
Cost
of research and development contracts
|
9,271
|
4,040
|
|||||
Administrative
and selling expenses
|
10,610
|
9,190
|
|||||
Research
and development expenses
|
11,416
|
13,509
|
|||||
Total
costs and expenses
|
90,494
|
56,515
|
|||||
Loss
from operations
|
(43,832
|
)
|
(38,298
|
)
|
|||
License
fee income, net
|
—
|
34
|
|||||
Interest
expense
|
(49
|
)
|
(48
|
)
|
|||
Loss
from equity investments
|
(1,050
|
)
|
(618
|
)
|
|||
Interest
and other income, net
|
1,949
|
2,502
|
|||||
Loss
before redeemable minority interest
|
(42,982
|
)
|
(36,428
|
)
|
|||
Redeemable
minority interest
|
(911
|
)
|
(812
|
)
|
|||
Loss
before provision for income taxes
|
(43,893
|
)
|
(37,240
|
)
|
|||
Provision
for income taxes
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Net
loss
|
(43,893
|
)
|
(37,240
|
)
|
|||
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock dividends
|
(1,604
|
)
|
(1,604
|
)
|
|||
Net
loss to common shareholders
|
$
|
(45,497
|
)
|
$
|
(38,844
|
)
|
|
Loss
per share basic and diluted:
|
|||||||
Net
loss per share to common shareholders
|
$
|
(0.67
|
)
|
$
|
(0.69
|
)
|
|
Basic
and diluted weighted average shares outstanding
|
68,396,064
|
55,914,872
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(Dollars
in thousands)
Six
Months Ended
April
30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(43,893
|
)
|
$
|
(37,240
|
)
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash used in
|
|||||||
operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Stock-based
compensation
|
2,886
|
2,693
|
|||||
Loss
in equity investments
|
1,050
|
618
|
|||||
Loss
on redeemable minority interest
|
911
|
812
|
|||||
Interest
receivable on loan to affiliate
|
(85
|
)
|
—
|
||||
Asset
Impairment
|
179
|
—
|
|||||
(Gain)
Loss on derivative
|
(138
|
)
|
24
|
||||
Depreciation
|
4,387
|
4,729
|
|||||
Amortization
(accretion) of bond premium (discount)
|
101
|
(425
|
)
|
||||
Provision
for doubtful accounts
|
(46
|
)
|
62
|
||||
(Increase)
decrease in operating assets:
|
|||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(2,752
|
)
|
(1,085
|
)
|
|||
Inventories
|
(1,372
|
)
|
(2,622
|
)
|
|||
Other
assets
|
(1,256
|
)
|
(2,499
|
)
|
|||
Increase
(decrease) in operating liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
4,627
|
(3,587
|
)
|
||||
Accrued
liabilities
|
942
|
1,324
|
|||||
Deferred
revenue and customer deposits
|
4,748
|
2,150
|
|||||
Deferred
license fee income and other
|
600
|
(38
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in operating activities
|
(29,111
|
)
|
(35,084
|
)
|
|||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
|||||||
Capital
expenditures
|
(3,028
|
)
|
(2,683
|
)
|
|||
Treasury
notes matured
|
27,100
|
54,000
|
|||||
Treasury
notes purchased
|
(19,375
|
)
|
(30,694
|
)
|
|||
Net
cash provided by investing activities
|
4,697
|
20,623
|
|||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
|||||||
Repayment
of debt
|
(252
|
)
|
(205
|
)
|
|||
Proceeds
from debt
|
628
|
354
|
|||||
Payment
of preferred dividends
|
(1,841
|
)
|
(1,885
|
)
|
|||
Net
proceeds from sale of common stock
|
1,018
|
95,457
|
|||||
Common
stock issued for option and stock purchase plans
|
804
|
1,762
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
357
|
95,483
|
|||||
Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
(24,057
|
)
|
81,022
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents-beginning of period
|
92,997
|
26,247
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents-end of period
|
$
|
68,940
|
$
|
107,269
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature
of Business
FuelCell
Energy develops and markets ultra-clean power plants that generate electricity
with virtually no air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions
using fuels including renewable biogas and readily available fuels like
natural gas. To date, our products have generated over 200 million kilowatt
hours of electricity and are generating power at over 40 locations around
the
world.
We
have
been developing fuel cell technology since our founding in 1969. Our core
carbonate fuel cell products (“Direct FuelCell®
or
DFC®
Power
Plants”) offer stationary applications for customers. In addition to our current
commercial products, we continue to develop our next generation of carbonate
fuel cell and hybrid products as well as planar solid oxide fuel cell (“SOFC”)
technology with our own and government research and development funds.
Basis
of Presentation – Interim
Consolidated Financial Statements
The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared
in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of
America (“GAAP”), for interim financial information, and with the instructions
to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not contain
all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial
statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of
normal
recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly present our financial position
as of
April 30, 2008 have been included. The consolidated balance sheet as of October
31, 2007 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.
Certain reclassifications have been made to our prior year amounts to conform
to
the 2008 presentation.
The
preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity
with
GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and
revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
The
results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended April
30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for
the
full year. The reader should supplement the information in this document
with
prior disclosures in our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our
subsidiaries, including our Canadian subsidiary, FuelCell Energy, Ltd., and
Bridgeport Fuel Cell Park, LLC and DFC-ERG Milford, LLC, which were formed
for
the purpose of developing projects within Connecticut. Alliance Monterrey,
LLC;
Alliance Chico, LLC; Alliance Star Energy, LLC; and Alliance TST Energy,
LLC are
joint ventures with Alliance Power, Inc. to construct fuel cell power plants
and
sell power under power purchase agreements in California. The financial results
of the joint ventures are consolidated with those of the Company, which owns
80
percent of each entity. Cumulative minority interest in these Alliance entities
is not material to the consolidated financial statements. Intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated.
7
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Foreign
Currency Translation
Our
Canadian subsidiary, FuelCell Energy, Ltd., is financially and operationally
integrated and therefore the temporal method of translation of foreign
currencies is followed. The functional currency is U.S. dollars. We recognized
foreign currency losses of approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million during
the three and six months ended April 30, 2008, respectively. We recognized
foreign currency gains of $0.05 and $0.03 million during the three and six
months ended April 30, 2007, respectively. These amounts have been classified
in
interest and other income on our consolidated statements of
operations.
Comprehensive
Loss
Our
comprehensive loss equals net loss (as reported before preferred dividends)
on
our consolidated statements of operations of $25.0 million and $43.9 million
for
the three and six months ended April 30, 2008, respectively, and $18.0 million
and $37.2 million for the three and six months ended April 30, 2007,
respectively. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the increase or decrease
in equity from sources other than owners.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
June
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertain
Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for
uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements.
FIN 48 prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize,
measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax
positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return.
FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 16, 2006
(beginning of our fiscal 2008 or November 1, 2007). The Company adopted this
standard effective November 1, 2007 and there was no material impact to the
consolidated financial statements.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), Business
Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”), and Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests
in Consolidated Financial Statements (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 141R requires an
acquirer to measure the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed
and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at their fair values on the
acquisition date, with goodwill being the excess value over the net identifiable
assets acquired. This Statement also requires the fair value measurement
of
certain other assets and liabilities related to the acquisition such as
contingencies and research and development. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that a
noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary should be reported as equity in the
consolidated financial statements. Consolidated net income should include
the
net income for both the parent and the noncontrolling interest with disclosure
of both amounts on the consolidated statement income. The calculation of
earnings per share will continue to be based on income amounts attributable
to
the parent. The effective date for both Statements is the beginning of fiscal
year 2010. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of
SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
In
April 2008, the FASB issued Financial Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS
142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets. FSP
No. FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing
renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a
recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets.” The intent of the position is to improve the
consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under
SFAS
No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair
value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R, and other U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles. The provisions of FSP No. FAS 142-3 are effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. FSP
No. FAS142-3 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning November
1, 2009. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of FSP No. FAS 142-3 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
8
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements
(“SFAS No. 157”). This Statement defines fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements. These methods will apply to other accounting
standards that use fair value measurements and may change the application
of
certain measurements used in current practice. This Statement is effective
for
the beginning of fiscal year 2009, November 1, 2008 for us. In February 2008,
the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157, which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all
nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually). FSP FAS 157-2 partially defers the effective date
of
SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and
interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of this
FSP. FSP FAS 157-2 is effective for us beginning November 1, 2009. We have
not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS No. 157
and FSP
FAS 157-2 could have on our consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, the Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”). This Statement
permits entities to measure most financial instruments at fair value if desired.
It may be applied on a contract by contract basis and is irrevocable once
applied to those contracts. The Statement may be applied at the time of adoption
for existing eligible items, or at initial recognition of eligible items.
After
election of this option, changes in fair value are reported in earnings.
The
items measured at fair value must be shown separately on the balance sheet.
This
Statement is effective for the beginning of fiscal year 2009. The cumulative
effect of adoption, if any, would be reported as an adjustment to beginning
retained earnings. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the
adoption of SFAS No. 159 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment
of
FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 amends and
expands the disclosure requirements of FASB Statement No. 133 “Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” by establishing, among other
things, the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging
activities. This Statement requires qualitative disclosures about
objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures
about
fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments, and
disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative
agreements. The provisions of SFAS No. 161 are effective for fiscal
years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early
application encouraged. SFAS No. 161 is effective for the Company’s
second quarter of fiscal year ending October 31, 2009. We have not yet
determined the impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS No. 161 could have
on
our consolidated financial statements.
Note
2. Equity investments
Versa
Power Systems, Inc. (“Versa”) is one of our sub-contractors under the Department
of Energy’s large-scale hybrid project to develop a coal-based, multi-megawatt
solid oxide fuel cell-based hybrid system. Our investment in Versa totaled
approximately $11.2 million and $12.2 million as of April 30, 2008 and October
31, 2007, respectively. Our current ownership interest is approximately 39
percent and we account for Versa under the equity method of accounting.
9
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note
3. Investments
Our
short
and long-term investments are in U.S. Treasury securities, which are held
to
maturity. The following table summarizes the amortized cost basis and fair
value
at April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007:
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||
At
April 30, 2008
|
|||||||||||||
U.S.
government obligations
|
$
|
52,808
|
$
|
120
|
$
|
(55
|
)
|
$
|
52,873
|
||||
At
October 31, 2007
|
|||||||||||||
U.S.
government obligations
|
$
|
60,634
|
$
|
71
|
$
|
(1
|
)
|
$
|
60,704
|
Reported
as:
April
30,
|
October
31,
|
||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Short-term
investments
|
$
|
44,557
|
$
|
60,634
|
|||
Long-term
investments
|
8,251
|
—
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
52,808
|
$
|
60,634
|
As
of
April 30, 2008, short-term investment securities have maturity dates ranging
from May 15, 2008 to August 15, 2008 and estimated yields ranging from 2.39
percent to 4.17 percent. We have 2 long-term investment securities with maturity
dates of August 15, 2009 and October 31, 2009 and estimated yields of 1.54
percent and 2.24 percent. Our weighted average yield on our short and long-term
investments was 3.11 percent as of April 30, 2008.
Note
4. Inventories
The
components of inventory at April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007 consisted
of the
following:
April
30,
|
October
31,
|
||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Raw
materials
|
$
|
11,323
|
$
|
8,682
|
|||
Work-in-process
|
19,630
|
20,899
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
30,953
|
$
|
29,581
|
Our
inventories are stated at the lower of recoverable cost or market price.
We
provide for a lower of cost or market adjustment against gross inventory
values.
Our lower of cost or market adjustment, reducing gross inventory values to
the
reported amounts, was approximately $14.7 million and $15.3 million at April
30,
2008 and October 31, 2007, respectively. At April 30, 2008, work-in-process
inventory includes approximately $1.0 million of costs incurred on government
contracts which will be recognized in proportion to the total expected contract
costs and as the remaining revenue is earned under these
contracts.
10
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Note
5. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property,
plant and equipment at April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007 consisted of the
following:
April
30,
2008
|
October
31,
2007
|
Estimated
Useful
Life
|
||||||||
Land
|
$
|
524
|
$
|
524
|
—
|
|||||
Building
and improvements
|
6,638
|
6,454
|
10-26
years
|
|||||||
Machinery,
equipment and software
|
57,024
|
53,449
|
3-8
years
|
|||||||
Furniture
and fixtures
|
2,493
|
2,468
|
10
years
|
|||||||
Equipment
leased to others
|
—
|
2,063
|
3
years
|
|||||||
Power
plants for use under power purchase agreements
|
17,743
|
17,743
|
10
years
|
|||||||
Construction
in progress
|
4,098
|
5,009
|
||||||||
88,520
|
87,710
|
|||||||||
Less,
accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
(50,351
|
)
|
(48,098
|
)
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
38,169
|
$
|
39,612
|
Depreciation
expense was approximately $4.4 million and $4.7 million for the six months
ended
April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Note
6. Share-Based Compensation
The
Company has shareholder approved equity incentive plans and a shareholder
approved Section 423 Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which are described in
more detail below.
Equity
Incentive Plans
The
Board
adopted the 1998 and 2006 Equity Incentive Plans (collectively, “the Plans”).
Under the terms of the Plans, 8.5 million shares of common stock may be granted
as options or stock to our officers, key employees and directors. As of April
30, 2008, 0.9 million shares were available for grant. Pursuant to the Plans,
the Board is authorized to grant incentive stock options or nonqualified
options
and stock appreciation rights to our officers and key employees and may grant
nonqualified options and stock appreciation rights to our directors. Stock
options and stock appreciation rights have restrictions as to transferability.
The option exercise price shall be fixed by the Board, but in the case of
incentive stock options, shall not be less than 100 percent of the fair market
value of the shares subject to the option on the date the option is granted.
Stock appreciation rights may be granted in conjunction with options granted
under the Plans. Stock options that have been granted are generally exercisable
commencing one year after grant at the rate of 25 percent of such shares
in each
succeeding year and have a 10-year maximum term. There were no stock
appreciation rights outstanding at April 30, 2008.
On
November 1, 2005, we adopted SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” utilizing the
modified prospective approach. This statement supersedes APB Opinion No.
25,
“Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, which we used to account for
share-based compensation transactions prior to November 1, 2005. The
compensation expense for Share-Based Plans is recognized on a straight-line
basis over the vesting period of each award.
Share-based
compensation included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
three
and six months ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 was as follows:
11
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
Three
Months Ended
April
30,
|
Six
Months Ended
April
30,
|
|||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Cost
of product sales and revenues
|
$
|
256
|
$
|
178
|
$
|
479
|
$
|
379
|
|||||
Cost
of research and development contracts
|
67
|
71
|
140
|
138
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
1,035
|
868
|
1,746
|
1,597
|
|||||||||
Research
and development expense
|
261
|
267
|
493
|
557
|
|||||||||
Total
share-based compensation
|
$
|
1,619
|
$
|
1,384
|
$
|
2,858
|
$
|
2,671
|
Certain
share-based compensation is capitalized and included on the Consolidated
Balance
Sheets as of April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007. These amounts were not
material during either period presented above. The fair value of each option
award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation
model that uses the assumptions noted in the following table. Expected
volatility is based on a combination of the historical volatility of the
Company’s stock and the implied volatility from traded options. We use
historical data to estimate the expected term of options granted.
Three
Months Ended
April
30,
|
Six
Months Ended
April
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Expected
life (in years)
|
6.6
|
6.5
|
6.7
|
6.5
|
|||||||||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
2.94
|
%
|
4.54
|
%
|
3.18
|
%
|
4.54
|
%
|
|||||
Volatility
|
67.2
|
%
|
61.5
|
%
|
64.1
|
%
|
61.5
|
%
|
|||||
Dividend
yield
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
The
following table summarizes the Plans’ stock option activity for the six months
ended April 30, 2008.
Number
of
options
|
Weighted
average
option
price
|
||||||
Outstanding
at October 31, 2007
|
5,325,341
|
$
|
11.11
|
||||
Granted
|
1,201,305
|
8.60
|
|||||
Exercised
|
(296,725
|
)
|
2.83
|
||||
Forfeited/Cancelled
|
(70,213
|
)
|
11.69
|
||||
Outstanding
at April 30, 2008
|
6,159,708
|
$
|
11.02
|
The
weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the three
and
six months ended April 30, 2008 was $4.97 and $5.46, respectively, and was
$4.44
for options granted during the three and six months ended April 30, 2007.
The
total intrinsic value of options outstanding and options exercisable at April
30, 2008 was $4.1 million and $2.7 million, respectively. The total intrinsic
value of options exercised during the three and six months ended April 30,
2008
was $0.04 million and $2.1 million, respectively, and was $7.2 million for
both
the three and six months ended April 30, 2007.
12
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
The
following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and
exercisable at April 30, 2008:
Options
Outstanding
|
Options
Exercisable
|
|||||||||||||||
Range
of exercise
prices
|
Number
outstanding
|
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life
(years)
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
($)
|
Number
exercisable
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
($)
|
|||||||||||
$0.28 - $5.10
|
106,000
|
0.9
|
1.63
|
106,000
|
1.63
|
|||||||||||
$5.11 - $9.92
|
3,538,672
|
8.0
|
7.96
|
1,476,040
|
7.64
|
|||||||||||
$9.93
- $14.74
|
1,707,918
|
6.0
|
12.12
|
1,315,740
|
12.61
|
|||||||||||
$14.75
- $19.56
|
314,118
|
2.9
|
16.84
|
313,618
|
16.84
|
|||||||||||
$19.57
- $24.39
|
237,000
|
2.9
|
23.01
|
237,000
|
23.01
|
|||||||||||
$24.40
- $29.21
|
27,000
|
2.7
|
26.15
|
27,000
|
26.15
|
|||||||||||
$29.22
- $34.03
|
165,000
|
2.6
|
29.91
|
165,000
|
29.91
|
|||||||||||
$34.04
- $48.49
|
64,000
|
2.5
|
38.50
|
64,000
|
38.50
|
|||||||||||
6,159,708
|
6.6
|
11.02
|
3,704,398
|
12.66
|
As
of
April 30, 2008, total compensation cost related to nonvested stock options
not
yet recognized was $12.0 million, which is expected to be recognized over
the
next 2.7 years on a weighted-average basis.
In
the
second quarter of fiscal 2008, we issued 9,387 shares of common stock with
a
value of $0.07 million to directors as compensation (in lieu of cash). In
the
second quarter of fiscal 2007, we issued 8,391 shares of common stock with
a
value of $0.07 million to directors as compensation (in lieu of cash). These
shares were fully vested at the date of grant.
Employee
Stock Purchase Plan
Our
shareholders adopted the ESPP on April 30, 1993. The ESPP has been amended
from time to time by the Board. The total shares allocated to the ESPP are
900,000. Under the ESPP, eligible employees have the right to purchase shares
of
common stock at an exercise price for each offering period equal to the lesser
of (i) 85 percent of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock
on the first business day of the offering period, or (ii) 85 percent of the
last
reported sale price of the common stock on the last business day of the offering
period, in
either
case rounded up to avoid impermissible trading fractions.
Any
shares issued pursuant to the ESPP shall contain a legend restricting the
transfer or sale of such common stock for a period of six months after the
date
of purchase.
As
of
April 30, 2008, there were 282,554 shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance
under the ESPP. These shares may be adjusted for any future stock splits.
Number
of
Shares
|
||||
Balance
at October 31, 2007
|
308,270
|
|||
Issued
@ $5.67
|
(25,716
|
)
|
||
Balance
at April 30, 2008
|
282,554
|
13
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
The
weighted-average grant date fair value of shares issued under the ESPP during
the six months ended April 30, 2008 was $3.34.
The
fair
value of shares under the ESPP are determined at the grant date using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions:
Six months ended
April 30, 2008
|
||||
Expected
life (in years)
|
.5
|
|||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
3.95
|
%
|
||
Volatility
|
70
|
%
|
||
Dividend
yield
|
—
|
Incentive
Compensation
Stock
may
be issued to employees as part of FuelCell’s annual incentive bonus (in lieu of
cash). During the six months ended April 30, 2008, 140,271 shares of common
stock with a value of $1.1 million were issued as incentive bonus (in lieu
of
cash). During the six months ended April 30, 2007, 133,419 shares of common
stock were issued with a value of $0.9 million as incentive bonus (in lieu
of
cash).
Note
7. Shareholders' Equity
Changes
in shareholders’ equity were as follows for the six months ended April 30,
2008:
Balance
at October 31, 2007
|
$
|
134,022
|
||
Increase
in additional paid-in-capital for stock-based compensation
|
2,886
|
|||
Increase
in additional paid-in-capital for stock issued under employee benefit
plans
|
2,003
|
|||
Common
stock sales
|
617
|
|||
Series
B Preferred dividends
|
(1,604
|
)
|
||
Net
loss
|
(43,893
|
)
|
||
Balance
at April 30, 2008
|
$
|
94,031
|
Note
8. Segment Information and Major Customers
Under
SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information,” we use the “management” approach to reporting segments. The
management approach designates the internal organization that is used by
management for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the
source of reportable segments. SFAS No. 131 also requires disclosures about
products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. Under SFAS No.
131, we have identified one business segment: fuel cell power plant production
and research.
14
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share
amounts)
Enterprise-wide
Information
Enterprise-wide
information provided on geographic revenues is based on the customer’s ordering
location. The following table presents revenues (greater than 10 percent of
our
total revenues) by geographic area:
Three
months ended
April
30,
|
Six
months ended
April
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Revenues:
|
|||||||||||||
United
States
|
$
|
12,018
|
$
|
5,924
|
$
|
21,770
|
$
|
12,162
|
|||||
South
Korea
|
18,213
|
*
|
22,940
|
*
|
|||||||||
Canada
|
*
|
3,513
|
*
|
3,513
|
|||||||||
Germany
|
*
|
1,581
|
*
|
*
|
*
Less
than 10 percent of total revenues in period
Information
about Major Customers
We
contract with a small number of customers for the sales of our products or
research and development contracts.
During
the three months ended April 30, 2008, we had individual customers that
accounted for $18.2 million and $4.5 million of total revenues during that
period. During the six months ended April 30, 2008, we had individual customers
that accounted for $22.9 million and $9.6 million of total revenue during that
period.
During
the three months ended April 30, 2007, we had individual customers that
accounted for $3.5 million, $2.4 million, $1.6 million and $1.1 million of
total
revenues during that period. During the six months ended April 30, 2007, we
had
individual customers that accounted for $4.1 million, $3.5 million and $1.8
million of total revenues during that period.
Note
9. Earnings Per Share
Basic
and
diluted earnings per share are calculated using the following data:
Three
months ended
April
30,
|
Six
months ended
April
30,
|
||||||||||||
2008
|
2007
|
2008
|
2007
|
||||||||||
Weighted
average basic common
shares
|
68,540,701
|
58,750,006
|
68,396,064
|
55,914,872
|
|||||||||
Effect
of dilutive securities(1)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||
Weighted
average basic common shares adjusted for diluted calculations
|
68,540,701
|
58,750,006
|
68,396,064
|
55,914,872
|
(1)
|
We
computed earnings per share without consideration of potentially
dilutive
instruments because losses incurred would make them antidilutive.
Future
potentially dilutive stock options that were in-the-money at April
30,
2008 and 2007 totaled 3,211,622 and 1,553,308, respectively. Future
potentially dilutive stock options that were not in-the-money at
April 30,
2008 and 2007 totaled 2,948,086 and 3,788,018, respectively. We also
have
future potentially dilutive warrants issued, which vest and expire
over
time. As of April 30, 2008, 37,500 warrants were vested with an exercise
price of $9.89 and we also had 750,000 unvested
warrants.
|
15
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
Notes
to
Consolidated Financial Statements
As
of and for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008 and
2007
(Unaudited)
(Tabular
amounts in thousands, except share and per share
amounts)
Note
10. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The
following represents supplemental cash flow information:
Six
Months Ended
April
30,
|
|||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Cash
paid during the period for:
|
|||||||
Interest
|
$
|
50
|
$
|
49
|
|||
Supplemental
disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
|
|||||||
Accrued
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
|
$
|
146
|
$
|
128
|
|||
Accrued
Common Stock Issued for Bonus Incentive
|
$
|
1,050
|
$
|
942
|
|||
Impact
on investing activities resulting from the sale of the power plant
used
under a PPA to Sierra Nevada Brewing Co.(1)
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(3,943
|
)
|
(1)
|
In
December 2006, we completed the sale of the 1 MW power plant that
had been
operating under a power purchase agreement to the Sierra Nevada Brewing
Co. The net book value of the asset of approximately $3.9 million,
that
was recorded in property, plant and equipment as of October 31, 2006,
was
recorded in cost of product sales and revenues upon the sale of the
asset.
In addition, this sale resulted in the assumption by the buyer of
certain
of our incentive fund liabilities resulting in a $2.2 million decrease
in
deferred revenue liabilities, which was recorded in cost of product
sales
and revenues.
|
Note
11. Commitments and Contingencies
Restricted
cash and cash equivalents
Approximately
$10.0 million of our cash and cash equivalents have been pledged as collateral
and letters of credit for certain banking relationships and customer contracts,
of which approximately $9.1 million supported letters of credit that expire
on
various dates through December 31, 2008.
16
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF
OPERATIONS
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(“MD&A”) is provided as a supplement to the accompanying financial
statements and footnotes to help provide an understanding of our financial
condition, changes in our financial condition and results of operations. The
MD&A is organized as follows:
Caution
concerning forward-looking statements. This
section discusses how certain forward-looking statements made by us throughout
the MD&A are based on management’s present expectations about future events
and are inherently susceptible to uncertainty and changes in
circumstances.
Overview
and recent developments.
This
section provides a general description of our business. We also briefly
summarize any significant events occurring subsequent to the close of the
reporting period.
Critical
accounting policies and estimates.
This
section discusses those accounting policies and estimates that are both
considered important to our financial condition and operating results and
require significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in their
application.
Results
of operations.
This
section provides an analysis of our results of operations for the three and
six
months ended April 30, 2008 and 2007. In addition, a description is provided
of
transactions and events that impact the comparability of the results being
analyzed.
Liquidity
and capital resources.
This
section provides an analysis of our cash position and cash flows.
Recent
accounting pronouncements.
This
section summarizes recent accounting pronouncements and their impact on the
Company.
CAUTION
CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The
following discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included within our 2007
Form 10-K. In addition to historical information, this Form 10-Q and the
following discussion contain forward-looking statements. All forward-looking
statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from those projected. Factors that could cause
such
a difference include, without limitation, general risks associated with product
development, manufacturing, changes in the utility regulatory environment,
potential volatility of energy prices, rapid technological change, ability
to
reach product cost objectives, and competition, as well as other risks set
forth
in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission including those
set
forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in this report.
OVERVIEW
AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Overview
FuelCell
Energy is the world leader in the development and manufacture of fuel cell
power
plants for ultra-clean, efficient and reliable electric power
generation. Our products are designed to meet the 24/7 baseload power needs
of commercial, industrial, government and utility customers. To date our
products have generated over 200 million kilowatt hours of electricity and
are
generating power at over 40 locations around the world.
We
have
been developing fuel cell technology since our founding in 1969. Our core
carbonate fuel cell products (“Direct FuelCell®
or
DFC®
Power
Plants”) offer stationary power generation applications for customers. In
addition to our current commercial products, we continue to develop our next
generation of carbonate fuel cell and hybrid products as well as planar solid
oxide fuel cell (“SOFC”) technology with our own and government research and
development funds.
17
Our
proprietary carbonate DFC power plants electrochemically (without combustion)
produce electricity directly from readily available hydrocarbon fuels, such
as
natural gas and biogas fuels. Customers buy fuel cells to reduce cost, pollution
and improve reliability. Electric generation without combustion significantly
reduces harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.
Higher fuel efficiency results in lower emissions of carbon dioxide, a major
component of harmful greenhouse gases. Greater efficiency also results in less
fuel needed per kilowatt hour of electricity generated and British Thermal
Unit
of heat produced, thereby reducing exposure to volatile fuel costs and
minimizing operating costs.
We
believe that compared to other power generation technologies, our products
offer
significant advantages including:
·
|
Ultra-clean
(e.g. virtually zero emissions), quiet
operation
|
·
|
High
fuel efficiency
|
·
|
Reliable,
24/7 baseload power
|
·
|
Ability
to site units locally
|
·
|
Potentially
lower cost power generation
|
·
|
Byproduct
heat ideal for cogeneration (combined heat and power)
applications.
|
Typical
customers for our products include manufacturers, mission critical institutions
such as correction facilities and government installations, hotels, and
customers who can use renewable gas for fuel such as breweries, food processors
and wastewater treatment facilities. With increasing demand for renewable and
ultra-clean power options, and increased uncertainty in electric markets, our
customers gain control of power generation economics, reliability, and
emissions. Our fuel cells also offer flexible siting and easy permitting.
Recent
developments
Fiscal
2008 Commercial Power Plant Orders
In
the
first quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company received a total of 9.45 MW of new
orders as follows:
·
|
POSCO
Power ordered 2 DFC3000 power plants (4.8 MW) during the first
quarter.
|
·
|
Eastern
Municipal Water District (EMWD) in southern California ordered 3
DFC300
power plants (0.75 MW) to provide power for its wastewater
operations.
|
·
|
The
Linde Group, the world’s largest industrial gases company, ordered a
DFC300 and 3 DFC1500 power plants (3.9
MW).
|
In
the
second quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company received a total of 26.4 MW of new
orders as follows:
·
|
POSCO
Power ordered 25.6 MW of MW-class power plants and modules for delivery
in
2009. This order is valued at approximately $70.0 million. In the
near
term, we will ship complete power plants to POSCO Power. In 2009,
we will
begin to ship modules, together with a complete set of balance of
plant
components. POSCON (a POSCO affiliate company) will do the balance
of
plant assembly with our technical support. Starting in September
2009, we
will begin to ship modules only, and POSCO will be responsible for
procurement and manufacturing of all balance of plant components.
POSCO Power has now ordered a total of 38.2 MW of FuelCell Energy
products
since signing our 10-year agreement in February
2007.
|
·
|
CFC
Solutions ordered stack components totaling approximately 0.8
MW.
|
As
of
April 30, 2008 the Company’s product sales backlog totaled approximately $114
million. The total units in backlog (not yet shipped to a customer site) are
43.5 MW.
18
Connecticut
Project 150 Program
Connecticut’s
Department of Public Utility Control approved financial commitment letters
for
three projects producing approximately 16 MW of electricity using six
of our DFC3000 power plants. Subsequently, energy purchase agreements between
the project developers and the utilities were completed.
The 8.7
MW DFC-ERG system will be located at a natural gas letdown station in
Milford, Conn. The system will generate heat and electricity in the
station’s management of the natural gas pipeline resulting in an electrical
efficiency of approximately 57 percent.
Two
projects are hospitals, a 4.8 MW DFC power plant for Stamford Hospital and
a 2.4 MW power plant at Waterbury Hospital. The hospitals will use the
byproduct heat generated by our power plants for heating, air conditioning,
laundries and sterilization. This combined heat and power application will
result in system efficiencies of up to approximately 60 percent at these
locations.
With
the
energy purchase agreements now approved by the DPUC, our project partners can
finalize their project financing arrangements and enter equipment purchase
orders. These projects will then be added to our backlog.
Manufacturing
Production and Capacity Expansion
In
January 2008, FuelCell Energy increased its manufacturing production rate to
25
MW annually from 11 MW to meet demand from South Korea, California and
Connecticut customers. In 2008, the Company began increasing its production
capacity to 60 MW annually. This expansion is expected to be complete in early
2009 and we expect total capital spending for it to be approximately $15.0
million. In connection with this project, the Connecticut Development Authority
approved a $4 million loan to expand the Company’s Torrington, Connecticut
manufacturing facility, expand its workforce, and extend its Torrington facility
lease through 2015. This loan closed in April 2008. At April 30, 2008, we had
an
outstanding balance of $0.6 million on this loan.
Available
Information
Our
annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports
on
Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports will be made available free of
charge through the Investor Relations section of our website
(www.fuelcellenergy.com) as soon as practicable after such material is
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange
Commission. Material contained on our website is not incorporated by reference
in this report. Our executive offices are located at 3 Great Pasture Road,
Danbury, CT 06813.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Revenue
Recognition
We
contract with our customers to manufacture and install fuel cell components
and
power plants under long-term contracts, provide services under contract and
perform research and development. We recognize revenue on a method similar
to
the percentage-of-completion method.
Product
sales and revenues include revenues from power plant sales, service contracts,
electricity sales under power purchase agreements (“PPAs”) and incentive
funding. Revenues from power plant sales are recognized proportionally as costs
are incurred and assigned to a customer contract by comparing the estimated
total manufacture and installation costs for each contract to the total contract
value. For contracts under which there are contractual contingencies (e.g.
receipt of incentive funding), revenue is deferred until such contingencies
are
cleared. Revenues from service contracts are generally recognized ratably over
the contract. For service contracts that include a fuel cell stack replacement,
a portion of the total contract value is recognized as revenue at the time
of
the stack replacement and the remainder of the contract value is recognized
ratably over the contract. Revenues from electricity sales under power purchase
agreements are recognized as power is produced. Revenues from incentive funding
are recognized ratably over the term of the incentive funding agreement. As
of
April 30, 2008, our commercial backlog totaled $134.7 million, of which $21.2
million related to long-term service contracts.
19
As
our
fuel cell products are in their initial stages of development and market
acceptance, actual costs incurred could differ materially from those previously
estimated. Once we have established that our fuel cell products have achieved
commercial market acceptance and future costs can be reasonably estimated,
then
estimated costs to complete an individual contract, in excess of revenue, will
be accrued immediately upon identification.
Revenues
on fuel cell research and development contracts are recognized proportionally
as
costs are incurred and compared to the estimated total research and development
costs for each contract. In many cases, we are reimbursed only a portion of
the
costs incurred or to be incurred on the contract. Revenues from government
funded research, development and demonstration programs are generally
multi-year, cost reimbursement and/or cost-shared type contracts or cooperative
agreements. We are reimbursed for reasonable and allocable costs up to the
reimbursement limits set by the contract or cooperative agreement.
While
government research and development contracts may extend for many years, funding
is often provided incrementally on a year-by-year basis if contract terms are
met and Congress has authorized the funds. As of April 30, 2008, research and
development sales backlog totaled $8.0 million, of which 87 percent is funded.
Should funding be temporarily delayed or if business initiatives change, we
may
choose to devote resources to other activities, including internally funded
research and development.
Warrant
Value Recognition
Warrants
have been issued as sales incentives to certain of our distribution partners.
These warrants vest as orders from our business partners exceed stipulated
levels. Should warrants vest, or when management estimates that it is probable
that warrants will vest, we record a proportional amount of the fair value
of
the warrants against related revenue as a sales discount.
Inventories
During
the procurement and manufacturing process of a fuel cell power plant, costs
for
material, labor, and overhead are accumulated in raw materials and
work-in-process inventory until they are transferred to a customer contract,
at
which time they are recorded in cost of sales.
Our
inventories and advance payments to vendors are stated at the lower of cost
or
market (“LCM”) price. As we currently sell products at or below cost, we provide
for an LCM adjustment to the cost basis of inventory and advances to vendors.
This adjustment is computed by comparing the current sales prices of our power
plants to estimated costs of completed power plants. In certain circumstances,
for long-lead-time items, we will make advance payments to vendors for future
inventory deliveries, which are recorded as a component of other current assets
on the consolidated balance sheet. As of April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007,
the LCM adjustment to the cost basis of inventory and advance payments to
vendors was approximately $16.5 million and $16.8 million, respectively, which
equates to a reduction of approximately 31 and 33 percent, respectively, of
the
gross inventory value.
20
Internal
Research and Development Expenses
We
conduct internally funded research and development activities to improve current
or anticipated product performance and reduce product life-cycle costs. These
activities relate to manufacturing process improvements, cost reduction,
technology improvement, and technology development, as we work to develop new
products to meet the needs of customers. These costs are classified as research
and development expenses on our consolidated statements of operations.
Share-Based
Compensation
On
November 1, 2005, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No.
123R, “Share-Based Payments” (SFAS 123R). Share-based payment transactions with
employees, which primarily consist of stock options, and third parties requires
the application of a fair value methodology that involves various assumptions.
The fair value of our options awarded to employees is estimated on the date
of
grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model that uses the following
assumptions: expected life of the option, risk-free interest rate, expected
volatility of our common stock price and expected dividend yield. We estimate
the expected life of the options using historical data and the volatility of
our
common stock is estimated based on a combination of the historical volatility
and the implied volatility from traded options. Share-based compensation of
$1.6
million and $2.9 million was recognized in the consolidated statement of
operations for the three and six months ended April 30, 2008, respectively.
Refer to Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements for additional
information.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Management
evaluates the results of operations and cash flows using a variety of key
performance indicators. Indicators that management uses include revenues
compared to prior periods and internal forecasts, costs of our products and
results of our “cost-out” initiatives, and operating cash use. These are
discussed throughout the ‘Results of Operations’ and ‘Liquidity and Capital
Resources’ sections.
Comparison
of Three Months ended April 30, 2008 and April 30,
2007
Revenues
and costs of revenues
The
following tables summarize the components of our revenues and cost of revenues
for the three months ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 (dollar amounts in
thousands), respectively:
Three Months Ended
April
30, 2008
|
Three Months Ended
April
30, 2007
|
Percentage
Increase in Revenues
|
||||||||||||||
|
Revenues
|
Percent of
Revenues
|
Revenues
|
Percent of
Revenues
|
||||||||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
$
|
26,440
|
84
|
%
|
$
|
8,861
|
78
|
%
|
198
|
%
|
||||||
Research
and development contracts
|
5,203
|
16
|
%
|
2,522
|
22
|
%
|
106
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
|
$
|
31,643
|
100
|
%
|
$
|
11,383
|
100
|
%
|
178
|
%
|
Three Months Ended
April 30, 2008
|
Three Months Ended
April 30, 2007
|
Percentage
Increase
in Cost of
Revenues
|
||||||||||||||
|
Cost of
Revenues
|
Percent of
Cost of
Revenues
|
Cost of
Revenues
|
Percent of
Cost of
Revenues
|
||||||||||||
Cost of revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
$
|
39,787
|
89
|
%
|
$
|
16,394
|
89
|
%
|
143
|
%
|
||||||
Research
and development contracts
|
4,831
|
11
|
%
|
2,096
|
11
|
%
|
130
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
|
$
|
44,618
|
100
|
%
|
$
|
18,490
|
100
|
%
|
141
|
%
|
21
Total
revenues for the three months ended April 30, 2008 increased by $20.3 million,
or 178 percent, to $31.6 million from $11.4 million during the same period
last
year. Total cost of revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2008 increased
by $26.1 million, or 141 percent, to $44.6 million.
Product
sales and revenues
Product
sales and revenue increased $17.6 million to $26.4 million for the three months
ended April 30, 2008, compared to $8.9 million for the same period in 2007.
Revenue during the quarter included approximately $23.2 million of power plant
sales, $2.4 million related to service agreements and component sales and
approximately $0.8 million of revenue related to power purchase agreements.
Revenues are higher due to increased sales orders over the prior year quarter
for our fuel cell power plants. As of April 30, 2008 our annual production
volume has increased to an annual rate of 25 MW, compared to an 11 MW rate
in
2007. Also contributing to the increase in revenues for the quarter
was inventory built in prior months that was applied to customer contracts
received in the second fiscal quarter.
Cost
of
product sales and revenues increased to $39.8 million for the three months
ended
April 30, 2008, compared to $16.4 million during the same period in 2007. The
ratio of product cost to sales was 1.50 to 1 during the second quarter of 2008,
compared to 1.85 to 1 during the second quarter of 2007. The improved cost
ratio
is primarily attributable to increased sales of megawatt (MW) class power
plants, compared to the prior year reduction of unit costs across all product
lines.
As
of
April 30, 2008, product sales backlog totaled approximately $134.7 million,
including approximately $21.2 million related to long-term service agreements.
This compares to a product sales backlog of $36.8 million, including
approximately $12.6 million related to long-term service agreements, as of
April
30, 2007. The increase in backlog is primarily attributable to increased order
flow from the South Korea and California markets. In 2007, we signed a 10-year
manufacturing and distribution agreement with POSCO Power, Korea's largest
independent power producer and a subsidiary of POSCO, one of the world's largest
producers of steel. South Korea’s clean energy program requires that power first
be exported to the utility grid, so the incentive favors the installation of
multi-MW power stations. POSCO Power ordered 7.8 MW of DFC power plants during
fiscal 2007 and 30.4 MW in fiscal 2008.
Our
products do not ship on an even production schedule. The shipment date to
customers depends on a number of factors that are outside of our control,
including siting requirements, timing of construction and permits. We do not
have the sales or order history to quantify trends as of yet. We expect to
continue to sell our DFC products at prices lower than our production costs
until production volumes increase and we are able to further reduce product
costs through our cost reduction programs.
Research
and development contracts
Research
and development revenue increased
by $2.7 million to $5.2 million for the three months ended April 30, 2008,
compared to $2.5 million for the same period in 2007.
The
increase in revenue compared to the prior year is the result of increased
development activities on our contract with the Department of Energy’s (DOE)
Office of Fossil Energy to develop multi-MW coal-based solid oxide fuel cell
(SOFC) power plant. This contract accounted for approximately $3.3 million
of
revenue in the second quarter of 2008, compared to approximately $0.8 million
in
the comparable period of 2007.
Cost
of
research and development contracts increased to $4.8 million during the second
quarter of 2008, compared to $2.1 million for 2007. Margin from research
and
development contracts for the second quarter was approximately $0.4 million
or 7
percent, compared to 17 percent in the second quarter of 2007. Margin percentage
on research and development contracts will vary with the level of cost share
the
Company is required to contribute.
As
of
April 30, 2008, research and development sales backlog totaled approximately
$8.0 million of which Congress has authorized funding of $6.9 million, compared
to $26.4 million as of April 30, 2007. We expect our current contracts with
the
DOE under the SOFC and Vision 21 programs to be completed this fiscal year.
The
Company expects to submit a proposal to the DOE for Phase 2 of the SOFC
development program that could result in a contract with a value estimated
to be in the range of $20 to 30 million over a 3 year
period.
22
Administrative
and selling expenses
Administrative
and selling expenses for the quarter ended April 30, 2008 totaled $5.8 million,
an increase of $1.0 million, compared to $4.8 million in the same period of
the
prior year. This increase is primarily due to higher sales and marketing
expenses of approximately $0.4 million related to growing order volume. Other
increases include approximately $0.3 million of additional insurance and
professional fees related to the growth of the business and $0.2 million of
increased stock-based compensation.
Research
and development expenses
Research
and development expenses totaled $5.9 million during the three months ended
April 30, 2008, a decline of $0.7 million, compared to $6.7 million recorded
in
the same period of the prior year. The decrease is due to a shift of engineering
resources to commercial activities including planning for the Company’s
production and capacity ramp, increased research contract activities, and
supporting the installed power plant base. Research and development activities
in the quarter include approximately $3.3 million related to product
development, primarily the DFC1500 and DFC3000 power plants which are
being certified during this fiscal year. Advanced technology development
including extending stack life, increasing power output and developing
advanced manufacturing processes totaled approximately $2.6 million during
the
quarter.
Loss
from operations
Loss
from
operations for the three months ended April 30, 2008 totaled $24.7 million,
which is approximately $6.2 million higher than the $18.5 million loss recorded
in the comparable period last year. The primary drivers to the increased loss
were a higher loss on product sales of $5.8 million due to higher production
volumes and higher selling, general and administrative expenses of approximately
$1.0 million. These increases were partially offset by lower research and
development expenses of approximately $0.7 million.
Loss
from equity investments
Our
investment in Versa Power, Inc. totaled approximately $11.1 million and $12.2
million as of April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007, respectively. Our current
ownership interest is 39 percent and we account for Versa under the equity
method of accounting. Our share of equity losses for the three months ended
April 30, 2008 and 2007 were $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. This
increase is due to increased research and development activity at Versa.
23
Interest
and other income, net
Interest
and other income, net, was $0.8 million for the three months ended April 30,
2008, compared to $1.4 million in the same period in 2007. The decline in
interest and other income is due to lower average cash and investment balances
and lower interest rates than the comparable period.
Provision
for income taxes
We
believe that due to our commercialization efforts, our DFC products will
continue to incur losses. Based on projections for future taxable income over
the period in which the deferred tax assets are realizable, management believes
that significant uncertainty exists surrounding the recoverability of the
deferred tax assets. Therefore, no tax benefit has been recognized related
to
current or prior year losses and other deferred tax assets.
Comparison
of Six Months ended April 30, 2008 and April 30, 2007
Revenues
and costs of revenues
The
following tables summarize the components of our revenues and cost of revenues
for the six months ended April 30, 2008 and 2007 (dollar amounts in thousands),
respectively:
Six Months Ended
April 30, 2008
|
Six Months Ended
April 30, 2007
|
Percentage
Increase /
|
||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
|
Percent of
Revenues
|
|
Revenues
|
|
Percent of
Revenues
|
|
(Decrease) in
Revenues
|
||||||||
Revenues:
|
||||||||||||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
$
|
36,208
|
78
|
%
|
$
|
13,760
|
76
|
%
|
163
|
%
|
||||||
Research
and development contracts
|
10,454
|
22
|
%
|
4,457
|
24
|
%
|
135
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
|
46,662
|
100
|
%
|
$
|
18,217
|
100
|
%
|
156
|
%
|
Six Months Ended
April 30, 2008
|
Six Months Ended
April 30, 2007
|
Percentage
Increase /
|
||||||||||||||
Cost of
Revenues
|
|
Percent of
Cost of
Revenues
|
|
Cost of
Revenues
|
|
Percent of
Cost of
Revenues
|
|
(Decrease)
in Cost of
Revenues
|
||||||||
Cost
of revenues:
|
||||||||||||||||
Product
sales and revenues
|
59,197
|
86
|
%
|
$
|
29,776
|
88
|
%
|
99
|
%
|
|||||||
Research
and development contracts
|
9,271
|
14
|
%
|
4,040
|
12
|
%
|
129
|
%
|
||||||||
Total
|
68,468
|
100
|
%
|
$
|
33,816
|
100
|
%
|
102
|
%
|
Total
revenues for the six months ended April 30, 2008 increased by $28.4 million,
or
156 percent, to $46.7 million from $18.2 million during the six months ended
April 30, 2007.
Product
sales and revenues
Product
sales and revenue increased by 163 percent or $22.4 million to $36.2 million
for
the six months ended April 30, 2008, compared to $13.8 million for the same
period in 2007. Revenue during the period included approximately $31.0 million
of power plant sales, $3.5 million related to service agreements and component
sales and approximately $1.7 million of revenue related to power purchase
agreements. Revenues are higher due to increased orders for our fuel cell power
plants. As of April 30, 2008 our annual production volume has increased to
an
annual rate of 25 MW compared to an 11 MW rate in 2007.
Cost
of
product sales and revenues increased to $59.2 million for the six months ended
April 30, 2008, compared to $29.8 million during the same period in 2007. The
ratio of product cost to sales was 1.63 to 1 during the six months ended April
30, 2008, compared to 2.16 to 1 during the same period a year ago. The cost
ratio was favorably impacted in the quarter by the shift to MW production and
lower unit costs across all product lines.
24
Research
and development contracts
Research
and development revenue increased $6.0 million to $10.5 million for the six
months ended April 30, 2008, compared to $4.5 million for the same period in
2007. Cost of research and development contracts increased to $9.3 million
during the six months ended April 30, 2008, compared to $4.0 million for 2007,
and the cost ratio was essentially flat in both periods. Research and
development contract revenue and costs were primarily related to the DOE’s
large-scale SOFC hybrid and Vision 21 programs.
Administrative
and selling expenses
Administrative
and selling expenses increased $1.4 million to $10.6 million during the six
months ended April 30, 2008, compared to $9.2 million in the same period of
the
prior year. This increase is primarily due to higher stock-based compensation
and higher bid and proposal and other marketing activities.
Research
and development expenses
Research
and development expenses decreased to $11.4 million during the six months ended
April 30, 2008, compared to $13.5 million recorded in the same period of the
prior year. The decrease is due to a shift of engineering resources to
commercial activities including planning for the Company’s production and
capacity ramp, increased research contract activities, and supporting the
installed power plant base.
Loss
from operations
Loss
from
operations increased by $5.5 million to $43.8 million for the six months ended
April 30, 2008 compared to $38.3 million recorded in the comparable six month
period last year. The primary drivers to the increased loss were a higher loss
on product sales of $7.0 million due to higher production volumes and higher
selling, general and administrative expenses of approximately $1.4 million.
These increases were partially offset by increased margin on research and
development contracts totaling $0.8 million and lower internal research and
development of approximately $2.1 million. Net results benefited from a
favorable product mix and lower per unit production costs compared to the
comparable prior year period.
Loss
from equity investments
Our
investment in Versa totaled approximately $11.2 million and $12.2 million as
of
April 30, 2008 and October 31, 2007, respectively. Our ownership interest at
April 30, 2008 was 39 percent and we account for Versa under the equity method
of accounting. Our share of equity losses for the six months ended April 30,
2008 and 2007 were $1.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The increase
in
equity losses is attributable to higher losses at Versa.
Interest
and other income, net
Interest
and other income, net, was $1.9 million for the six months ended April 30,
2008,
compared to $2.5 million for the same period in 2007. Interest income decreased
due to lower average invested balances and lower interest rates.
25
Provision
for income taxes
We
believe that due to our efforts to commercialize our DFC products, we will
continue to incur losses. Based on projections for future taxable income over
the period in which the deferred tax assets are realizable, management believes
that significant uncertainty exists surrounding the recoverability of the
deferred tax assets. Therefore, no tax benefit has been recognized related
to
current or prior year losses and other deferred tax assets.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash,
cash equivalents and investments totaled approximately $121.7 million of April
30, 2008, compared to $153.6 million as of October 31, 2007. Net cash and
investments used during the second quarter of 2008 was $16.8 million and the
fiscal year to date total is approximately $31.9 million.
Cash
Inflows and Outflows
Cash
and
cash equivalents as of April 30, 2008 totaled $68.9 million, reflecting a
decrease of $24.1 million from the balance reported as of October 31, 2007.
The
key components of our cash inflows and outflows from continuing operations
were
as follows:
Operating
Activities:
During
the six months ended April 30, 2008, we used $29.1 million in cash for operating
activities, compared to operating cash usage of $35.1 million during the
comparable period of 2007. Cash used in operating activities during the first
six months of fiscal 2008 consists of a net loss for the period of approximately
$43.9 million, offset by non-cash adjustments totaling $9.2 million, including
$2.9 million of share-based compensation and depreciation expense of $4.4
million.
The
change in cash related to net working capital totaled approximately $5.5
million. Changes favorable to working capital included an increase in accounts
payable and accrued expenses of $5.6 million related to higher procurement
for
increased production volumes. Deferred revenue and customer deposits also
increased by $4.7 million due to increased customer orders in the period.
Customers make milestone payments during the production cycle for their power
plants. Offsetting these increases were higher accounts receivable, inventory
and other assets totaling $5.4 million.
Investing
Activities: During
the six months ended April 30, 2008, net cash provided by investing activities
totaled $4.7 million, compared with approximately $20.6 million in the
comparable period of 2007. For the six months ended April 30, 2008, capital
expenditures totaled $3.0 million for assets acquired to increase our
manufacturing capacity to an annual minimum of 60MW of production.
Also
during the six-month period, approximately $27.1 million of investments in
U.S.
treasury securities matured and new treasury purchases totaled $19.4 million.
Financing
Activities: During
the six months ended April 30, 2008, net cash provided by financing activities
was approximately $0.4 million, compared to $95.5 million in 2007. Activity
in
the first six months of fiscal 2008 included $1.8 million for the payment of
dividends on preferred stock and repayment of debt of $0.3 million. These cash
outflows in the first six months of fiscal 2008 were offset by receipts of
$1.8
million from the sale of common stock and common stock issued for stock plans
and $0.6 million of cash borrowed from the Connecticut Development Authority
on
a new $4.0 million debt line established in the quarter for equipment purchases.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company completed 2 common stock
offerings with net proceeds of $95.5 million.
Sources
and Uses of Cash and Investments
We
continue to invest in new product development and market development and, as
such, we are not currently generating positive cash flow from our
operations. Our operations are funded primarily through sales of equity
securities and cash generated from customer contracts, including cash from
government research and development contracts, product sales, power purchase
agreements, incentive funding and interest earned on investments. We anticipate
that our existing capital resources, together with anticipated revenues, will
be
adequate to satisfy our financial requirements and agreements through at least
the next twelve months.
26
Our
future cash requirements depend on numerous factors including future involvement
in research and development contracts, implementing our cost reduction efforts
and increasing annual order volume.
Future
involvement in research and development contracts
Our
research and development contracts are generally multi-year, cost reimbursement
type contracts. The majority of these are U.S. Government contracts that
are dependent upon the government’s continued allocation of funds and may be
terminated in whole or in part at the convenience of the government. We will
continue to seek research and development contracts. To obtain these contracts,
we must continue to prove the benefits of our technologies and be successful
in
our competitive bidding.
Implementing
cost reduction efforts on our fuel cell products
Reducing
product cost is essential for us to further penetrate the market for our fuel
cell products. Cost reductions will lessen and/or eliminate the need for
incentive funding programs that are currently available to allow our product
pricing to compete with grid-delivered power and other distributed generation
technologies, and are critical to our attaining profitability.
Our
2 MW
Santa Clara ‘proof-of-concept’ project in 1996-1997 cost more than $20,000/kW to
produce. In 2003, we shipped our first commercial product, a DFC300 to the
Kirin
Brewery which cost approximately $10,000 per kW. Since 2003, we have implemented
a multi-disciplined cost reduction program that reduced product costs by
approximately 70 percent. In 2008, the Company is targeting continued cost
reductions of 20 percent from current levels for the MW-class DFC1500 and
DFC3000 power plants through a power output increase, global sourcing and
continued manufacturing improvements. Our product cost reductions come from
several areas:
·
|
engineering
improvements;
|
·
|
technology
advances;
|
·
|
supply
chain management;
|
·
|
production
volume; and
|
·
|
manufacturing
process improvements
|
In
the
last couple of years, the two biggest contributors to our cost reductions have
come from value engineering activities to reduce the design cost of our
products and improvements in our core technology.
Currently,
we are producing products largely designed in 2006 and early 2007. The second
half of 2008 will bring lower-cost MW-class units through production. By the
fourth quarter, we will also see multi-MW products starting to become a larger
percentage of our production and we expect cost ratios to improve as a result.
Technology
advances also reduce product costs through the ability to generate more power
from the fuel cells. We have already demonstrated the ability to uprate our
products with our successful uprate of the 250kW stack to 300kW in August 2006.
Validation testing is underway on our next uprated stacks that will increase
the
power output by approximately 17%. We expect to begin incorporating these
improvements first into the DFC3000, which will be uprated from 2.4 MW to 2.8MW,
and then begin producing these new configurations in mid-2009.
27
We
are
also working on stack life increases that are expected to result in lower
operating and maintenance costs across the entire product line. In the 2008
first quarter, the Company’s new 5-year stack went into production, extending
the life of the DFC fuel cell’s core technology by 2 years and significantly
reducing cost of maintenance and operation.
Increasing
annual order volume
In
addition to the cost reduction initiatives discussed above, we need to increase
annual order volume. Increased production volumes lower costs by leveraging
supplier/purchasing opportunities, create opportunity for incorporating
manufacturing process improvements and spread fixed costs over higher units
of
production. Our manufacturing and conditioning facilities have 50 MW of annual
production capacity. Based upon existing backlog, we ramped our production
volumes to 25 MW per year in January 2008. Our current product sales backlog
is
43.5 MW and totals approximately $113.6 million. This is a 371 percent increase
over the product backlog reported as of April 30, 2007. We see continued
opportunities for increased order volume in our key markets, including Asia,
California and Connecticut.
Of
the
current product backlog, approximately 60 percent is for multi-MW power plants
and modules. Based on the current backlog, we expect the mix of production
to
move primarily to DFC3000 power plants and modules in fiscal 2009. Volume
increases and design changes incorporated into production in the latter half
of
2009 are expected to drive multi-MW power plants and modules to gross margin
profitability. Combined with historical cost out achievements and successful
execution of our new initiatives, we believe we can reach gross margin breakeven
on product sales at a sustained annual order and production volume of
approximately 35 MW to 50 MW, depending on product mix, geographic location,
incentives and credits and other variables such as fuel prices. We believe
that our net income breakeven can be achieved at a sustained annual order and
volume production of approximately 75 to 100 MW assuming a favorable mix of
sub-MW and MW sales. If this mix trends more toward MW and multi-MW orders,
we
believe that the gross margin and net income breakeven volumes can be lower.
Commitments
and Significant Contractual Obligations
A
summary
of our significant future commitments and contractual obligations as of April
30, 2008 and the related payments by fiscal year is summarized as follows (in
thousands):
Payments Due by Period
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Contractual
Obligation:
|
Total
|
Less
than
1 Year
|
1 – 3
Years
|
3 – 5
Years
|
More
than
5 Years
|
||||||||||||||
Capital
and operating lease commitments (1)
|
$
|
3,917
|
$
|
963
|
$
|
1,310
|
$
|
897
|
$
|
747
|
|||||||||
Term
loans (principal and interest)
|
1,522
|
720
|
158
|
182
|
462
|
||||||||||||||
Purchase
commitments(2)
|
57,199
|
57,061
|
138
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||||||
Series
I Preferred dividends payable (3)
|
24,546
|
494
|
12,947
|
2,468
|
8,637
|
||||||||||||||
Series
B Preferred dividends payable (4)
|
5,655
|
3,206
|
2,449
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||||||
Totals
|
$
|
92,839
|
$
|
62,444
|
$
|
17,002
|
$
|
3,547
|
$
|
9,846
|
(1)
|
Future
minimum lease payments on capital and operating
leases.
|
(2)
|
Purchase
commitments with suppliers for materials supplies, and services incurred
in the normal course of business.
|
(3)
|
Quarterly
dividends of Cdn.$312,500 accrue on the Series 1 preferred shares
(subject
to possible reduction pursuant to the terms of the Series 1 preferred
shares on account of increases in the price of our common stock).
We have
agreed to pay a minimum of Cdn.$500,000 in cash or common stock annually
to Enbridge, Inc., the holder of the Series 1 preferred shares, so
long as
Enbridge holds the shares. Interest accrues on cumulative unpaid
dividends
at a 2.45 percent quarterly rate, compounded quarterly, until payment
thereof. Using an exchange rate of Cdn.$.9871 to U.S.$1.00 (exchange
rate
on April 30, 2008), cumulative unpaid dividends and accrued interest
of
approximately $7.8 million on the Series 1 preferred shares were
outstanding as of April 30, 2008. For
the purposes of this disclosure, we have assumed an exchange rate
of
Cdn.$.9871 to U.S.$1.00 (exchange rate on April 30, 2008) and that
the
minimum dividend payments would be made through 2010. In 2010, we
would be
required to pay any unpaid and accrued dividends. Subsequent to 2010,
we
would be required to pay annual dividend amounts totaling Cdn.$1.25
million. We have the option of paying these dividends in stock or
cash.
|
28
(4)
|
Dividends
on Series B Preferred Stock accrue at an annual rate of 5% paid quarterly.
The obligations schedule assumes we will pay preferred dividends
on these
shares through November 20, 2009, at which time the preferred shares
may
be subject to mandatory conversion at the option of the Company.
|
In
April
2008, we received approval from the Connecticut Department of Public Utility
Control on the financing commitment for the 9.0 MW Milford, Connecticut DFC-ERG
project under Connecticut’s Clean Energy Fund Project 150. Under the financial
commitment, we will provide 20 percent or $7.1 million toward financing the
construction of this project. Our development partner, Energy East Corporation,
will provide the remaining 80 percent of the construction phase financing and
will acquire 80 percent of the completed project. This construction financing
is
expected to be required over the next twelve months.
In
June
2000, we entered into a loan agreement with the Connecticut Development
Authority (CDA), secured by machinery and equipment, and borrowed an aggregate
of $2.2 million under the agreement. At April 30, 2008, we had an outstanding
balance of $0.07 million on this loan and the interest rate was 7.6 percent.
In
April 2008, we entered into a new 10-year loan agreement with the CDA allowing
for a maximum amount borrowed of $4.0 million. At April 30, 2008, we had an
outstanding balance of $0.6 million on this loan. The stated interest rate
is 5
percent and the loan will be collateralized by the assets procured under this
loan as well as $4.0 million of additional machinery and equipment. Repayment
terms require (i) interest only payments on outstanding balances through
November 2009 and (ii) interest and principal payments commencing in December
2009 through May 2018.
In
April
2006, Bridgeport FuelCell Park, LLC (“BFCP”), one of our wholly-owned
subsidiaries, entered into a loan agreement for $0.5 million, secured by assets
of BFCP. Loan proceeds were designated for pre-development expenses associated
with the development, construction and operation of a fuel cell generation
facility in Bridgeport, Connecticut (the “Project”). The outstanding balance on
this loan was $0.6 million, including $0.07 million of accrued interest, as
of
April 30, 2008.
In
December 2006, we entered into a master equipment lease agreement for $2.5
million of equipment. As of April 30, 2008, capital lease obligations under
this
lease agreement were $0.3 million. Lease payment terms are thirty six months.
Approximately
$10.0 million of our cash and cash equivalents have been pledged as collateral
and letters of credit for certain banking relationships and customer contracts,
of which approximately $9.1 million supported letters of credit that expire
on
various dates through December 31, 2008.
Research
and Development Cost-Share Contracts
We
have
contracted with various government agencies as either a prime contractor or
sub-contractor on cost-share contracts and agreements. Cost-share terms require
that participating contractors share the total cost of the project based on
an
agreed upon ratio with the government agency. As of April 30, 2008, our research
and development sales backlog totaled $8.0 million. As this backlog is funded
in
future periods, we will incur additional research and development cost-share
related to this backlog totaling approximately $2.2 million for which we would
not be reimbursed by the government.
Our
current contract with the Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy is for
the first phase of their three-phase program to develop multi-MW coal-based
solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power plants Phase I is focused on SOFC cell and
stack technology scale-up, as well as baseline and proof-of-concept system
engineering design and analysis and is expected to be completed in September
2008. We expect to submit a proposal to the DOE for Phase 2 of the SOFC
development program that could result in a contract with a value estimated
to be
in the range of $20 to $30 million over a 3 year period.
29
We
expect
the Vision 21 program will be completed later this fiscal year. Under this
program, we completed significant development work, including a sub-MW
demonstration, of our Direct FuelCell/Turbine which achieved electrical
efficiency of approximately 56 percent while running for approximately 8,000
hours.
Product
Sales Contracts
Costs
to
manufacture and install our products exceed current market prices. As of April
30, 2008, we had product sales backlog of approximately $113.6 million. We
do
not expect the Company to achieve gross margin profitability until we achieve
sustained annual production volume of approximately 35 MW to 50 MW, depending
on
product mix, geographic location, incentives and credits and other
variables such as fuel prices. Based upon existing backlog, we ramped our annual
production volumes to 25 MW per year in January 2008.
Long-term
Service Agreements
We
have
contracted with certain customers to provide long-term service for fuel cell
power plants ranging from one to thirteen years. Under the provisions of these
contracts, we provide services to maintain, monitor and repair customer power
plants. In some contracts we provide for replacement of fuel cell stacks.
Pricing for service contracts is based upon estimates of future costs, which
given our products’ early stage of development could be materially different
from actual expenses. As of April 30, 2008, we had a service agreement sales
backlog of approximately $21.2 million.
Power
Purchase Agreements
As
of
April 30, 2008, we had 3 MW of power plants in operation under Power Purchase
Agreements (PPAs) ranging in duration from 5 – 10 years. PPAs are a common
arrangement in the energy industry whereby a customer purchases energy from
an
owner and operator of the power generation equipment.
We
have
qualified for incentive funding for these projects in California under the
state’s Self-Generation Incentive Funding Program and from other government
programs. Funds are payable upon commercial installation and demonstration
of
the plant and may require return of the funds for failure of certain performance
requirements. Revenue related to these incentive funds is recognized ratably
over the performance period. As of April 30, 2008 we had deferred revenue
totaling $5.3 million on the consolidated balance sheet related to incentive
funding received on PPAs.
Under
the
terms of our PPAs, customers agree to purchase power from our fuel cell power
plants at negotiated rates, generally for periods of 5 to 10 years. Electricity
rates are generally a function of the customer’s current and future electricity
pricing available from the grid. Revenues are earned and collected under these
PPAs as power is produced. As owner of the power plants, we are responsible
for
all operating costs necessary to maintain, monitor and repair the power plants.
Under certain agreements, we are also responsible for procuring fuel, generally
natural gas, to run the power plants. The assets, including fuel cell power
plants, are carried at the lower of cost or fair value on the Consolidated
Balance Sheets based on our estimates of future revenues and expenses. Should
actual results differ from our estimates, our results of operations could be
negatively impacted. We are not required to produce minimum amounts of power
under our PPAs and we have the right to terminate PPAs by giving written notice
to the customer, subject to certain exit costs.
RECENT
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
June
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertain
Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for
uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements.
FIN 48 prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize,
measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax
positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return.
FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 16, 2006
(beginning of our fiscal 2008 or November 1, 2007). The Company adopted
this standard effective November 1, 2007 and there was no material impact to
the
consolidated financial statements.
30
In
December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised 2007), Business
Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R”), and Statement No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests
in Consolidated Financial Statements (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 141R requires an
acquirer to measure the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed
and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at their fair values on the
acquisition date, with goodwill being the excess value over the net identifiable
assets acquired. This Statement also requires the fair value measurement of
certain other assets and liabilities related to the acquisition such as
contingencies and research and development. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that a
noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary should be reported as equity in the
consolidated financial statements. Consolidated net income should include the
net income for both the parent and the noncontrolling interest with disclosure
of both amounts on the consolidated statement income. The calculation of
earnings per share will continue to be based on income amounts attributable
to
the parent. The effective date for both Statements is the beginning of fiscal
year 2010. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of
SFAS No. 141R and SFAS No. 160 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
In
April 2008, the FASB issued Financial Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS
142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets. FSP
No. FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing
renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a
recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets.” The intent of the position is to improve the
consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under
SFAS
No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair
value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R, and other U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles. The provisions of FSP No. FAS 142-3 are effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. FSP
No. FAS142-3 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning November
1, 2009. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of FSP No. FAS 142-3 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements
(“SFAS No. 157”). This Statement defines fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements. These methods will apply to other accounting
standards that use fair value measurements and may change the application of
certain measurements used in current practice. This Statement is effective
for
the beginning of fiscal year 2009, November 1, 2008 for us. In February 2008,
the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement
No. 157, which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all
nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually). FSP FAS 157-2 partially defers the effective date
of
SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and
interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of this
FSP. FSP FAS 157-2 is effective for us beginning November 1, 2009. We have
not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 and
FSP
FAS 157-2 could have on our consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, the Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”). This Statement
permits entities to measure most financial instruments at fair value if desired.
It may be applied on a contract by contract basis and is irrevocable once
applied to those contracts. The Statement may be applied at the time of adoption
for existing eligible items, or at initial recognition of eligible items. After
election of this option, changes in fair value are reported in earnings. The
items measured at fair value must be shown separately on the balance sheet.
This
Statement is effective for the beginning of fiscal year 2009. The cumulative
effect of adoption, if any, would be reported as an adjustment to beginning
retained earnings. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the
adoption of SFAS No. 159 could have on our consolidated financial
statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement
No. 133 (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 amends and expands the
disclosure requirements of FASB Statement No. 133 “Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” by establishing, among other
things, the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging
activities. This Statement requires qualitative disclosures about
objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about
fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments, and
disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative
agreements. The provisions of SFAS No. 161 are effective for fiscal
years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early
application encouraged. SFAS No. 161 is effective for the Company’s
second quarter of fiscal year ending October 31, 2009. We have not yet
determined the impact, if any, that the adoption of SFAS No. 161 could have
on
our consolidated financial statements.
31
Item
3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
Interest
Rate Exposure
Our
exposures to market risk for changes in interest rates relate primarily to
our
investment portfolio and long term debt obligations. Our investment portfolio
as
of April 30, 2008 includes U.S. Treasury instruments with maturities averaging
3
months or less, as well as U.S. Treasury notes with fixed interest rates with
maturities through October 2009. Cash is invested overnight with high credit
quality financial institutions. Based on our overall interest exposure at April
30, 2008, including all interest rate sensitive instruments, a near-term change
in interest rate movements of 1 percent would affect our results of operations
by approximately $0.7 million annually.
Foreign
Currency Exchange Risk
With
our
Canadian business entity, FuelCell Energy, Ltd., we are subject to foreign
exchange risk, although we have taken steps to mitigate those risks where
possible. As of April 30, 2008, approximately $0.08 million (less than one
percent) of our total cash, cash equivalents and investments was in currencies
other than U.S. dollars. The functional currency of FuelCell Energy, Ltd. is
the
U.S. dollar. We also make purchases from certain vendors in currencies other
than U.S. dollars. Although we have not experienced significant foreign exchange
rate losses to date, we may in the future, especially to the extent that we
do
not engage in currency hedging activities. The economic impact of currency
exchange rate movements on our operating results is complex because such changes
are often linked to variability in real growth, inflation, interest rates,
governmental actions and other factors. These changes, if material, may cause
us
to adjust our financing and operating strategies. Consequently, isolating the
effect of changes in currency does not incorporate these other important
economic factors.
Derivative
Fair Value Exposure
We
have
determined that our Series 1 Preferred shares include embedded derivatives
that
require bifurcation from the host contract and separate accounting in accordance
with SFAS 133, Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.
Specifically, the embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation from the host
contract are the conversion feature of the security and the variable dividend
obligation. The aggregate fair value of these derivatives included within
Long-term debt and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of
April 30, 2008 was $0.2 million. The fair value of these derivatives is based
on
valuation models using various assumptions including historical stock price
volatility, risk-free interest rate and a credit spread based on the yield
indexes of technology high yield bonds, foreign exchange volatility as the
Series 1 Preferred security is denominated in Canadian dollars, and the closing
price of our common stock. Changes in any of these assumptions will result
in
fluctuations in the derivative value and will impact the Consolidated Statement
of Operations. For example, a 25% increase from the closing price of our common
stock at April 30, 2008 would result in an increase in the fair value of these
derivatives and a charge to the Consolidated Statement of Operations of
approximately $0.1 million, assuming all other assumptions remain the
same.
We
have
determined that the 2,286 warrants received in conjunction with our investment
in Versa during the third fiscal quarter of 2007 represent derivatives. The
fair
value of the warrants is based on the Black-Scholes valuation model using
historical stock price, volatility (based on a peer group since Versa’s common
stock is not publicly traded) and risk-free interest rate assumptions. The
fair
value of this derivative included within Investment and loan to affiliate on
our
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 30, 2008 was $0.2 million. Changes in
any
of these assumptions will result in fluctuations in the derivative value and
will impact the Consolidated Statement of Operations. For example, a 10 percent
increase in the volatility assumption used at April 30, 2008 would result in
an
increase in the fair value of this derivative and a charge to the Consolidated
Statement of Operations of approximately $14 thousand, assuming all other
assumptions remain the same.
32
Item
4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The
Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures, which are designed to
provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the
Company’s periodic SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such
information is accumulated and communicated to its principal executive officer
and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure.
We
carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation
of
our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the
effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and
procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that
evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial
officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures
were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to
be
disclosed in the Company’s periodic SEC reports is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and
forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to its
principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate,
to
allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There
has
been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
33
PART
II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
There
were 2 matters submitted to a vote of securities holders during the second
quarter of fiscal 2008 at the FuelCell Energy, Inc. Annual Shareholders’
Meeting, which was held on April 4, 2008. Following are the 2
proposals:
(1)
To elect 10 directors to serve for the ensuing year and until their successors
are duly elected and qualified.
The
results of the voting were as follows:
NAME OF DIRECTOR
|
VOTES
FOR
|
VOTES
WITHHELD
|
|||||
R.
Daniel Brdar
|
54,439,774
|
682,450
|
|||||
Christof
Von Branconi
|
50,199,377
|
4,922,847
|
|||||
Richard
A. Bromley
|
54,430,187
|
692,037
|
|||||
Glenn
H. Epstein
|
54,439,318
|
682,906
|
|||||
James
D. Gerson
|
54,392,494
|
729,730
|
|||||
Thomas
L. Kempner
|
54,259,147
|
863,077
|
|||||
William
A. Lawson
|
54,381,311
|
740,913
|
|||||
George
K. Petty
|
54,264,835
|
857,389
|
|||||
John
A. Rolls
|
54,453,650
|
668,574
|
|||||
Togo
Dennis West, Jr.
|
54,441,471
|
680,753
|
(2)
To ratify the selection of KPMG LLP as the independent registered public
accounting firm for fiscal year 2008.
The
results of the voting were as follows:
VOTES
FOR
|
54,812,028
|
|||
VOTES
AGAINST
|
203,787
|
|||
ABSTAINED
|
106,409
|
34
Item
6. Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
|
31.1
|
CEO
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
31.2
|
CFO
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
32.1
|
|
CEO
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of
2002
|
32.2
|
|
CFO
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of
2002
|
35
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant
has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto
duly authorized.
FUELCELL
ENERGY, INC.
|
||
(Registrant)
|
||
June
9, 2008
|
|
/s/
Joseph G. Mahler
|
Date
|
|
Joseph
G. Mahler
Senior
Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer,
Treasurer and Corporate Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
|
36
INDEX
OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
|
31.1
|
CEO
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
31.2
|
CFO
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
|
32.1
|
|
CEO
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of
2002
|
32.2
|
|
CFO
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of
2002
|
37