FutureFuel Corp. - Quarter Report: 2013 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

Commission file number: 0-52577

FUTUREFUEL CORP.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

8235 Forsyth Blvd., Suite 400

St. Louis, Missouri 63105

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(805) 565-9800

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes √ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes √ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes    No √

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of August 8, 2013: 43,334,441

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

The following sets forth our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as at June 30, 2013, our audited consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2012, our unaudited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2013 and June 30, 2012, and our consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2013 and June 30, 2012.

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012

(Dollars in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

1)            Nature of operations and basis of presentation

Organization

FutureFuel Corp. (“FutureFuel”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, FutureFuel Chemical Company (“FutureFuel Chemical”), owns and operates a chemical production facility located on approximately 2,200 acres of land six miles southeast of Batesville in north central Arkansas fronting the White River (the “Batesville Plant”). FutureFuel Chemical manufactures diversified chemical products, biobased products comprised of biofuels, and biobased specialty chemical products. FutureFuel Chemical’s operations are reported in two segments: chemicals and biofuels.

The chemicals segment manufactures a diversified listing of chemical products that are sold to third party customers. The majority of the revenues from the chemical segment are derived from the custom manufacturing of specialty chemicals for specific customers. Historically, the chemicals segment has relied upon two customers for a substantial amount of its revenues.

The biofuels segment was established in 2005 as an initiative of the then site management to leverage the Batesville Plant’s technical and operational expertise as well as available manufacturing capacity to pursue business growth opportunities.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by FutureFuel in accordance and consistent with the accounting policies stated in FutureFuel’s 2012 audited consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the 2012 audited consolidated financial statements of FutureFuel.

In the opinion of FutureFuel, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements, and do include amounts that are based upon management estimates and judgments. Future actual results could differ from such current estimates. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of FutureFuel and its wholly owned subsidiaries, FutureFuel Chemical, FFC Grain, L.L.C., FutureFuel Warehouse Company, L.L.C., and Legacy Regional Transport, L.L.C. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

2)            Inventory

The carrying values of inventory were as follows as of:

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

3)            Derivative instruments

FutureFuel is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. Commodity price risk is the primary risk managed by using derivative instruments. Regulated fixed price futures and option contracts are utilized to manage the price risk associated with future purchases of feedstock used in FutureFuel’s biodiesel production along with physical feedstock and finished product inventories attributed to this process.

FutureFuel recognizes all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated balance sheet. FutureFuel’s derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting under the specific guidelines of ASC 815-20-25, Derivatives and Hedging, Hedging-General, Recognition. While management believes these instruments are entered into in order to effectively manage various risks, none of the derivative instruments are designated and accounted for as hedges primarily as a result of the extensive record keeping requirements.

The fair value of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments is determined based on the closing prices of the derivative instruments on relevant commodity exchanges at the end of an accounting period. Changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold, and in addition to the realized gain/losses on settled derivative transactions amounted to a gain of $2,327 and $8,625 for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively and a gain of $3,666 and $5,219 for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The volumes and carrying values of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments were as follows at:

The margin account maintained with a broker to collateralize these derivative instruments carried an account balance of $4,042 and $1,853 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The carrying values of the margin account and of the derivative instruments are included, net, in other current assets.

4)            Marketable securities

At June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, FutureFuel had investments in certain preferred stock, trust preferred securities, and other equity instruments. Additionally, at December 31, 2012, FutureFuel had investments in certain auction rate securities. These investments are classified as current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. FutureFuel has designated these securities as being available-for-sale. Accordingly, they are recorded at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. These securities were comprised of the following at:

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The aggregate fair value of instruments with unrealized losses totaled $13,477 and $22,818 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, FutureFuel had a total of $1,915 invested in marketable securities that were in an unrealized loss position for a greater than 12-month period. At June 30, 2013, FutureFuel had no investments in marketable securities that were in an unrealized loss position for a greater than 12-month period.

5)            Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, including those associated with related parties, consisted of the following at:

6)            Borrowings

Effective June 30, 2013, FutureFuel Chemical extended the term of its $50 million credit agreement with a commercial bank. The loan is a revolving facility the proceeds of which may be used for working capital, capital expenditures, and the general corporate purposes of FutureFuel Chemical. The facility terminates on June 30, 2018. Advances are made pursuant to a borrowing base comprised of 85% of eligible accounts plus 60% of eligible direct inventory plus 50% of eligible indirect inventory. Advances are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in accounts receivable and inventory. The interest rate floats at certain margins over the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or base rate based upon the leverage ratio from time to time as set forth in the following table.

There is an unused commitment fee of 0.25% per annum. On the last day of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of EBITDA to fixed charges may not be less than 3:1. FutureFuel has guaranteed FutureFuel Chemical’s obligations under this credit agreement.

As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, borrowings under this credit agreement totaled $0 and $0, respectively.

7)             Provision for income taxes

The following table summarizes the provision for income taxes.

The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 reflects FutureFuel’s expected tax rate on reported operating earnings before income tax and the full anticipated impact of the retroactive reinstatement of the 2012 agri-biodiesel production tax credit, which was recognized in the first quarter of 2013 as a discrete item. As a result of this treatment, FutureFuel’s effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2013 is lower than it otherwise would be and is not expected to continue at this rate for the remainder of 2013.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2012 reflected FutureFuel’s expected tax rate on reported operating earnings before income tax and included the impact of the change of the valuation allowance associated with certain deferred tax assets. FutureFuel had determined that it did not believe that it had a more likely than not probability of realizing a portion of its deferred tax assets at March 31, 2012. As such, it recorded a valuation allowance of $384 at that date. This valuation allowance was removed in the three months ended June 30, 2012 when FutureFuel determined it had a more likely than not probability of realizing the benefit on the associated deferred tax asset.

Unrecognized tax benefits totaled $0 and $0 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

FutureFuel records interest and penalties net as a component of income tax expense. At June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, FutureFuel recorded $0 and $0 in accruals for interest and tax penalties.

FutureFuel and its subsidiaries file tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and with various state jurisdictions. FutureFuel is subject to U.S., state, and local examinations by tax authorities from 2009 forward. FutureFuel Chemical is subject to the effects of tax examinations that may impact the carry-over basis of its assets and liabilities.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

8)             Earnings per share

The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share was as follows:

Certain options to purchase shares of FutureFuel’s common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 as they were anti-dilutive. The weighted average number of options excluded on this basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 was 240,000 and 180,000, respectively. No options to purchase shares of FutureFuel’s common stock were excluded for the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.

9)            Segment information

FutureFuel has two reportable segments organized along product lines – chemicals and biofuels.

Chemicals

FutureFuel’s chemicals segment manufactures diversified chemical products that are sold externally to third party customers. This segment comprises two components: “custom manufacturing” (manufacturing chemicals for specific customers); and “performance chemicals” (multi-customer specialty chemicals).

Biofuels

FutureFuel’s biofuels business segment primarily manufactures and markets biodiesel. Biodiesel revenues are generated through the sale of biodiesel to customers through FutureFuel’s distribution network at the Batesville Plant, through distribution facilities available at leased oil storage facilities, and through a network of remotely located tanks. Results of the biofuels business segment also reflect the sale of biodiesel blends, RINs, biodiesel production byproducts and the purchase and sale of other petroleum products.

Summary of long-lived assets and revenues by geographic area

All of FutureFuel’s long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

Most of FutureFuel’s sales are transacted with title passing at the time of shipment from the Batesville Plant, although some sales are transacted based on title passing at the delivery point. While many of FutureFuel’s chemicals are utilized to manufacture products that are shipped, further processed, and/or consumed throughout the world, the chemical products, with limited exceptions, generally leave the United States only after ownership has transferred from FutureFuel to the customer. Rarely is FutureFuel the exporter of record, never is FutureFuel the importer of record into foreign countries, and FutureFuel is not always aware of the exact quantities of its products that are moved into foreign markets by its customers. FutureFuel does track the addresses of its customers for invoicing purposes and uses this address to determine whether a particular sale is within or without the United States. FutureFuel’s revenues attributable to the United States and foreign countries (based upon the billing addresses of its customers) were as follows:

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

For the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, revenues from Mexico accounted for 3% of total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, revenues from Mexico accounted for 3% and 4%, respectively, of total revenues. Other than Mexico, revenues from a single foreign country during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 did not exceed 1% of total revenues.

Summary of business by segment

Depreciation is allocated to segment costs of goods sold based on plant usage. The total assets and capital expenditures of FutureFuel have not been allocated to individual segments as large portions of these assets are shared to varying degrees by each segment, causing such an allocation to be of little value.

10)          Fair value measurements

Fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Fair value accounting pronouncements also include a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of FutureFuel. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect FutureFuel’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, on a recurring basis, at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

11)     Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income

The following tables summarize the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income from unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities:

The following table summarizes amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013:

12)          Legal matters

From time to time, FutureFuel and its operations are parties to, or targets of, lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings, which are being handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. While FutureFuel is unable to predict the outcomes of these matters, it does not believe, based upon currently available facts, that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on its overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, adverse developments could negatively impact earnings or cash flows in a particular future period.

13)          Related party transactions

FutureFuel enters into transactions with companies affiliated with or controlled by a director and significant shareholder. Revenues, expenses, prepaid amounts, and unpaid amounts related to these transactions are captured in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as related party line items.

Related party revenues are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, other petroleum products and other similar or related products to these related parties.

Related party cost of goods sold and distribution are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, and other petroleum products to these related parties along with the associated expense from the purchase of natural gas, storage and terminalling services, and income tax and consulting services by FutureFuel from these related parties.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, set forth herein. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. See “Forward Looking Information” below for additional discussion regarding risks associated with forward-looking statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 are set forth in the following chart.

(Dollars in thousands)

Operating Activities

Cash from operating activities decreased from $43,390,000 of cash provided by operating activities in the first six months of 2012 to $29,528,000 of cash provided in operating activities in the first six months of 2013. This decrease was primarily attributable to an increase in our accounts receivable, including accounts receivable from related parties, and an increase in inventory balances. In the first six months of 2012, accounts receivable, including accounts receivable from related parties, increased cash provided by operating activities by $9,106,000. In the first six months of 2013, accounts receivable, including accounts receivable from related parties, decreased cash from operating activities by $6,243,000. The increase in accounts receivable balances in 2013 was primarily related to the timing and amount of sales made on a common carrier pipeline. In the first six months of 2012, changes in inventory carrying values increased cash provided from operating activities by $14,082,000. In the first six months of 2013, changes in inventory carrying values decreased cash from operating activities by $8,634,000. The increase in inventory carrying value in the first six months of 2013 is primarily due to biodiesel feedstock inventory and from the timing and amount of purchases made on a common carrier pipeline. Offsetting these decreases to cash from operating activities is an increase in accounts payable, including accounts payable to related parties and an increase in our net income, and an increase in income taxes payable. In the first six months of 2012, changes in accounts payable, including accounts payable to related parties, decreased cash from operating activities by $3,412,000. In the first six months of 2013, changes in accounts payable, including accounts payable to related parties, increased cash from operating activities by $5,015,000. This increase is primarily due to the timing and amount of payments to venders and suppliers. Net income in the first six months of 2012 totaled $15,586,000, while in the first six months of 2013 net income totaled $32,206,000. See the below discussion for the reasons for this change in net income for the periods presented.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities decreased from $12,920,000 in the first six months of 2012 to $10,878,000 in the first six months of 2013. This decrease was primarily the result of a decrease in the net purchases of marketable securities in the first six months of 2013 compared to the first six months of 2012. Such net purchases totaled $10,521,000 in the first six months of 2012 and totaled $2,956,000 of net purchases in the first six months of 2013. In the first six months of 2012 the cash from collateralization of derivative instruments increased $1,606,000 and in the first six months of 2013 was a net reduction of $2,189,000. Our capital expenditures and customer reimbursements for capital expenditures are summarized in the following table:

(Dollars in thousands)

Financing Activities

Cash from financing activities increased from a use of cash of $8,184,000 for the first six months of 2012 to $9,758,000 of cash from financing activities in the first six months of 2013. This change is primarily the result of proceeds from the issuance of stock during 2013. In the first six months of 2012 no shares of FutureFuel common stock were sold under its at-the-market offering. In the first six months of 2013, 1,594,872 shares of FutureFuel’s common stock were sold under its at-the-market offering, generating $19,292,000 in net proceeds.

On February 6, 2013, FutureFuel announced the completion of the sale of shares under the at-the-market offering. FutureFuel sold an aggregate 3,000,000 shares in open market trading for aggregate gross proceeds of $37,247,000, resulting in net proceeds of $36,127,000 after deducting commissions and fees.

Credit Facility

We renewed a $50 million credit agreement with a commercial bank effective June 30, 2013. The loan is a revolving facility the proceeds of which may be used for our working capital, capital expenditures, and general corporate purposes. The facility terminates on June 30, 2018. Advances are made pursuant to a borrowing base. Advances are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in our accounts receivable and inventory. The interest rate floats at certain margins over LIBOR or base rate based upon the leverage ratio from time to time. There is an unused commitment fee. The ratio of total funded debt to EBITDA may not be less than 3:1. We had no borrowings under this credit agreement at June 30, 2013 or December 31, 2012.

We intend to fund future capital requirements for our businesses from cash flow generated by us as well as from existing cash, cash investments, and, if the need should arise, borrowings under our credit facility. We do not believe there will be a need to issue any securities to fund such capital requirements.

Dividends

In the first two quarters of 2013, we paid a regular cash dividend in the amount of $0.11 per share on our common stock, per quarter. The regular cash dividend amounted to $4,767,000 in the first quarter of 2013 and $4,767,000 in the second quarter of 2013, for aggregate dividend payments of $9,534,000 in the first six months of 2013.

In the first two quarters of 2012, we declared regular cash dividends in the amount of $0.10 per share on our common stock, per quarter. The regular cash dividend amounted to $4,132,000 in the first quarter of 2012 and $4,132,000 in the second quarter of 2012, for aggregate dividend payments of $8,264,000 in the first six months of 2012.

Capital Management

As a result of our initial equity offering, our subsequent positive operating results, the exercise of warrants, and the issuance of shares in our at-the-market offering, we accumulated excess working capital. Some of this excess working capital has been paid out as special and regular cash dividends. Additionally, regular quarterly cash dividends will be paid during the remainder of 2013, as previously reported. Third parties have not placed significant restrictions on our working capital management decisions.

A significant portion of our excess working capital was held in cash or cash equivalents at multiple financial institutions. In the second quarter of 2013 and 2012, we also had investments in certain preferred stock, trust preferred securities, and other equity instruments. In the second quarter of 2012 we also had investments in certain auction rate securities. We classify these investments as current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and designate them as being “available-for-sale”. Accordingly, they are recorded at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. The fair value of these preferred stock, trust preferred securities, auction rate, and other equity instruments totaled $98,566,000 and $87,768,000 at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

Lastly, we maintain depositary accounts such as checking accounts, money market accounts, and other similar accounts at selected financial institutions.

Results of Operations

In General

We break our chemicals business into two main product groups: custom manufacturing and performance chemicals. Custom manufacturing consists of products made for specific customers based upon specifications provided by such customers. Major products in the custom manufacturing group include: (i) nonanoyloxybenzene-sulfonate (or NOBS), a bleach activator manufactured for The Procter & Gamble Company for use in a household detergent; (ii) a proprietary herbicide (and intermediates) manufactured exclusively for a customer; (iii) chlorinated polyolefin adhesion promoters (or CPOs) and antioxidant precursors (or DIPB) for a customer; and (iv) a biocide intermediate for another customer. The custom manufacturing group also includes agrochemicals as well as industrial and consumer products (cosmetics and personal care products, specialty polymer, photographic and imaging chemicals, and an intermediate anode powder).

On July 29, 2013, we received notice from the customer for the intermediate anode powder that they were terminating the contract in accordance with its terms effective August 9, 2014. No additional material is expected to be produced or sold in 2013 or 2014 under that agreement.  We are in the process of assessing the impact of this notice on our financial statements, our agreement with our customer, and on the terms of the grant received related from the Department of Energy for the construction of the production equipment. While we are unable to predict or estimate the impact of this notice from our customer at this time, we do not presently believe that the ultimate resolution of this matter will have a material adverse effect on our overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Revenues generated from the bleach activator are based on a supply agreement with the customer. The supply agreement stipulates selling price per kilogram based on volume sold, with price moving up as volumes move down, and vice-versa. On August 28, 2012, we signed an amendment to our existing agreement with the bleach activator customer. Among other things, the amendment: (i) extended the term of the agreement to December 31, 2016 (unless terminated earlier in accordance with the provisions of the agreement); and (ii) allows us to sell certain formulations of the bleach activator to third parties as a performance chemical. We pay for raw materials required to produce the bleach activator. The contract with the customer provides that the price received by us for the bleach activator is indexed to changes in certain items, enabling us to pass along most inflationary increases in production costs to the customer. Revenue from the bleach activator for the six months ended June 30, 2013 decreased by 6% from revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2012. Annual sales revenues and sales volume of the bleach activator have, generally, decreased over the last several years. We continue to work collaboratively with our customer to assess their future demand, which demand may continue to decline.

We (and our predecessor at our Batesville plant) have been the primary manufacturer of a proprietary herbicide and certain intermediates for a customer (and its predecessors) since approximately 1993. However, in recent years, these products have faced generic competition, from other suppliers to our customer, from others who compete with our customer for the sale of herbicides, and from other agricultural chemicals present in the market place. In response to its perceptions of this competition, in 2011 the customer initiated discussions with us to reduce volume and alter other terms of the contracts. Sales volumes of these products have declined.  Being of the opinion that the current contracts do not adequately provide a framework to support our mutual efforts, we exercised our rights to terminate these contracts, effective September 1, 2013 for the proprietary herbicide and October 1, 2013 for the intermediates.  We anticipate that we will continue to do business with our customer after those dates provided we can reach mutually acceptable terms. No assurances can be given, however, that such mutually acceptable terms will be reached.

The bleach activator and proprietary herbicide customers represented approximately 20% of our revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2013. We believe that the loss of these two companies as customers would have a material adverse effect on us.

In 2008, we entered into a contract with a new customer for the toll manufacture of an industrial intermediate utilized in the antimicrobial industry.  We invested approximately $10 million in capital expenditures to modify and expand our plant to produce this industrial intermediate.  The customer reimbursed these expenditures, which reimbursements have been classified as deferred revenue on our balance sheet and will be earned into income over the expected life of the product.  The contract stipulates a price curve based on volumes sold and has an inflationary pricing provision whereby we pass along most inflationary changes in production costs to the customer.

Pricing for the other custom manufacturing products is negotiated directly with the customer. Some, but not all, of these products have pricing mechanisms and/or protections against raw material or conversion cost changes.

Performance chemicals consist of specialty chemicals that are manufactured to general market-determined specifications and are sold to a broad customer base.  The major product line in the performance chemicals group is SSIPA/LiSIPA, polymer modifiers that improve the properties of nylon fiber.  This group of products also includes sulfonated monomers, specialty solvents, polymer additives, and chemical intermediates.

SSIPA/LiSIPA revenues are generated from a diverse customer base of nylon fiber manufacturers and other customers that produce condensation polymers.  Contract sales are, in certain instances, indexed to key raw materials for inflation; otherwise, there is no pricing mechanism or specific protection against raw material or conversion cost changes.

Pricing for the other performance chemical products is established based upon competitive market conditions.  Some, but not all, of these products have pricing mechanisms and/or specific protections against raw material or conversion cost changes.

For our biofuels segment, we procure all of our own feedstock and only sell biodiesel for our own account. We have the capability to process multiple types of vegetable oils and animal fats. We can receive feedstock by rail or truck, and have substantial storage capacity to acquire feedstock at advantaged prices when market conditions permit. In 2010, we redesigned our continuous line to produce biodiesel from feedstock with high free fatty acids. Annual capacity is in excess of 45 million gallons of biodiesel per year.

There currently is uncertainty as to whether we will produce biodiesel in the future. This uncertainty results from: (i) changes in feedstock prices relative to biodiesel prices; and (ii) the permanency of government mandates and tax credits, including the $1.00 per gallon biodiesel blender credit set to expire at December 31, 2013. See “Risk Factors” contained in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed with the SEC on March 18, 2013. A copy can also be obtained at our website at http://ir.futurefuelcorporation.com/sec.cfm.

While biodiesel is the principal component of the biofuels segment, we also generate revenue from the sale of petrodiesel both in blends with our biodiesel and with no biodiesel added. Petrodiesel and biodiesel blends are available to customers at our Batesville plant, at leased storage facilities, and through a network of remotely operated tanks. In addition, we deliver blended product to a small group of customers within our region. We also sell refined petroleum products on common carrier pipelines in part to maintain our status as a shipper on the pipeline.

The majority of our expenses are cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold include raw material costs as well as both fixed and variable conversion costs, conversion costs being those expenses that are directly or indirectly related to the operation of our plant. Significant conversion costs include labor, benefits, energy, supplies, depreciation, and maintenance and repair. In addition to raw material and conversion costs, cost of goods sold includes environmental reserves and costs related to idle capacity. Finally, cost of goods sold includes hedging gains and losses recognized by us related to our biofuels segment. Cost of goods sold is allocated to the chemicals and biofuels business segments based on equipment and resource usage for most conversion costs and based on revenues for most other costs.

Operating costs include selling, general and administrative, and research and development expenses.

The discussion of results of operations that follows is based on revenues and expenses in total and for individual product lines and do not differentiate related party transactions.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2013 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2012

Set forth below is a summary of certain financial information for the periods indicated.

(Dollars in thousands other than per share amounts)

We use adjusted EBITDA as a key operating metric to measure both performance and liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA is not a substitute for operating income, net income, or cash flow from operating activities (each as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of performance or liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results as reported under GAAP. We define adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization expenses, excluding, when applicable, non-cash stock-based compensation expenses, public offering expenses, acquisition-related transaction costs, purchase accounting adjustments, losses on disposal of property and equipment, gains or losses on derivative instruments, other non-operating income or expenses, and, in 2013, the impact from the retroactive reinstatement of the 2012 $1.00 biodiesel blenders tax credit. Information relating to adjusted EBITDA is provided so that investors have the same data that we employ in assessing the overall operation and liquidity of our business. Our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may be different from similarly titled measures used by other companies; therefore, the results of our calculation are not necessarily comparable to the results of other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA allows our chief operating decision makers to assess the performance and liquidity of our business on a consolidated basis to assess the ability of our operating segments to produce operating cash flow to fund working capital needs, to fund capital expenditures, and to pay dividends. In particular, our management believes that adjusted EBITDA permits a comparative assessment of our operating performance and our liquidity, relative to a performance and liquidity based on GAAP results, while isolating the effects of depreciation and amortization, which may vary among our operating segments without any correlation to their underlying operating performance, and of non-cash stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense that varies widely among similar companies, and gains and losses on derivative instruments, whose immediate recognition can cause net income to be volatile from period to period due to the timing of the valuation change in the derivative instruments relative to the sale of biofuel.

The following table reconciles adjusted EBITDA with net income, the most directly comparable GAAP performance financial measure.

(Dollars in thousands)

A table reconciling adjusted EBITDA with cash flows from operations, the most directly comparable GAAP liquidity measure, is set forth below under Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2012.

Revenues

Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2013 were $106,063,000 as compared to revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2012 of $103,237,000, an increase of 3%. Revenues from biofuels were up 3% and accounted for 60% of total revenues in the second quarter of 2013 as compared to 60% in the second quarter of 2012. Revenues from chemicals increased 3% and accounted for 40% of total revenues in the second quarter of 2013 as compared to 40% in the second quarter of 2012. Within the chemicals segment, revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2013 changed as follows compared to the three months ended June 30, 2012: (i) revenues from the industrial intermediate utilized in the antimicrobial industry increased 92%; (ii) revenues from other custom chemicals increased 45%; (iii) revenues from other performance chemicals increased 6% (iv) revenues from DIPB decreased 3%; (v) revenues from CPOs decreased 4%; (vi) revenues from the proprietary herbicide and intermediates decreased 29%; and (vii) revenues from the bleach activator decreased 12%.   

Revenue from the bleach activator and the proprietary herbicide and intermediates are together the most significant components of our chemicals business revenue base, accounting for 18% of total revenues for both the three months ended June 30, 2013 and June 30, 2012. The future volume of and revenues from the bleach activator depend on both consumer demand for the product containing the bleach activator and the manufacturing, sales, and marketing priorities of our customer. We are unable to predict with any certainty the revenues we will receive from this product in the future. With respect to the proprietary herbicide and intermediates, the decrease in revenue for the three months June 30, 2013 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2012 was attributable to reduced sales volume which was partially offset by increased sales revenue from increased prices. See the discussion above as to the future business with the proprietary herbicide and intermediates customer.

Revenues from CPOs and DIPB together decreased 4% during the second quarter of 2013 compared to the second quarter of 2012. The combined decreased revenues from these two products were attributable to slightly lower sales volumes.

Revenues from other custom chemical products increased 45% in the second quarter of 2013 as compared to the second quarter of 2012. The increase was due to increased sales during the second quarter of 2013 of two new products, one of which we began manufacturing in the fourth quarter of 2012 and the other during the first quarter of 2013.

Revenues from proprietary chemicals increased 6% for the second quarter of 2013 as compared to the second quarter of 2012 and accounted for approximately 4% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2013. The increase was due to a chemical we campaigned for a customer in 2013, no such campaign existed in the three months ended June 30, 2012.

Revenues from biofuels increased 3% from $62,344,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2012 to $64,037,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2013. We have experienced increased sales quantities in the second quarter of 2013 with the reinstatement of the blenders credit in January 2013 compared to the second quarter of 2012 when the blender credit was not available. Also improving the continued demand for biodiesel in the United States for 2013 is the continued government mandated renewable fuel standard for biodiesel. A substantial portion of our biodiesel sold in the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 was to a major refiner in the United States and no assurances can be given that we will continue to sell to such major refiner or, if we do sell, the volume that will be sold or the profit margin that will be realized. We continue to develop our regional fuel business. Revenues from the biofuel segment have also been benefited by our sales of refined petroleum products as a supplier on a common carrier pipeline. Such sales totaled $118,000 and $0 in the second quarter of 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Cost of Goods Sold and Distribution

Total cost of goods sold and distribution for the second quarter of 2013 were $78,437,000 as compared to $88,837,000 for the second quarter of 2012, a decrease of 12%, which compares to a 3% increase in revenues for the period.

Cost of goods sold and distribution for the three months ended June 30, 2013 for our chemicals segment totaled $27,242,000 as compared to $29,644,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2012. On a percentage basis, total cost of goods sold and distribution decreased approximately 8% for the three months ended June 30, 2013 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2012. This compares against a 3% increase in chemical segment revenue for that period. The improvement in cost of goods sold is attributed to (i) improved economies of scale on fixed resources from the addition of new chemical products and, to a greater degree, continued biodiesel production, (ii) improved margins for both the bleach activator and proprietary herbicide as our sales price has increased on the customer’s reduced sales demands, and (iii) the variation in product mix sold.

Cost of goods sold and distribution for the second quarter of 2013 in our biofuels segment were $51,195,000 as compared to $59,193,000 for the second quarter of 2012. On a percentage basis, cost of goods sold and distribution decreased 12% versus an increase of 3% in revenues. This difference resulted from (i) improved market conditions for biodiesel, largely as a result of the presence of the $1.00 per gallon biodiesel blenders tax credit, in the second quarter of 2013 as compared to the second quarter of 2012, when the tax credit was not available and, (ii) biodiesel profitability in the second quarter of 2012 was negatively impacted due to our inventory of unsold, internally generated RINs. We do not allocate production costs to internally generated RINs, and, from time to time, we enter into sales of biodiesel on a “RINs-free” basis. Such method of selling results in us maintaining possession of the applicable RINs from the sale. The benefit derived from the eventual sale of the RINs is not reflected in our results of operations until such time as the RIN sale has been completed, which may lead to variability in our reported operating results. At June 30, 2012 we had RINs available for sale which we did not have at June 30, 2013. , and (iv) improved economies of scale on fixed resources. These improvements were partially offset by reduced hedging gains in the second quarter of 2013 which totaled $2,327,000 as compared to $8,625,000 in the second quarter of 2012. At June 30, 2013 we maintained a minimal inventory of RINs, or renewable identification numbers.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased 6% from $2,828,000 in the second quarter of 2012 to $2,651,000 in the second quarter of 2013. This decrease was primarily attributable to stock-based compensation expense incurred in the second quarter of 2012 and no such expense was incurred in the second quarter of 2013.

Provision for Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2013 reflects our expected tax rate on reported operating earnings before income tax.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2012 reflected our expected tax rate on reported operating earnings before income tax and included the impact of the change of the valuation allowance associated with certain deferred tax assets. We had determined that we did not believe that we had a more likely than not probability of realizing a portion of our deferred tax assets at March 31, 2012. As such, we had recorded a valuation allowance of $384,000 at that date. This valuation allowance was removed in the three months ended June 30, 2012 when we determined we had a more likely than not probability of realizing the benefit on the associated deferred tax asset.

Net Income

Net income increased from $8,473,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2012 to $18,156,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2013. This increase was the net result of several factors including improved market conditions in the biodiesel industry, reduced net income in the comparative second quarter of 2012 due to separated RIN inventory held at June 30, 2012 which caused profits to be lower than they otherwise would have been, profits realized from the change in product mix in the chemicals segment, and new chemical products added to our chemical portfolio. As previously stated, both the $1.00 biodiesel blenders credit and agri-biodiesel production credits are set to expire at December 31, 2013.

Further impacting net income in the second quarter of 2013 were net realized and unrealized gains on derivative instruments. Such net gains increased net income by $2,327,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2013 on a pretax basis; $1,434,000 on an after-tax basis. In the three months ended June 30, 2012, net income increased $8,625,000 on a pretax basis, $5,314,000 on an after-tax basis, as a result of net realized and unrealized gains on derivative instruments. Changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recognized at the end of each accounting period and recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold. Our immediate recognition of derivative instrument gains and losses can cause net income to be volatile from period to period due to the timing of the change in value of the derivative instruments relative to the sale of biofuel being sold.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2012

Set forth below is a summary of certain financial information for the periods indicated.

(Dollars in thousands other than per share amounts)

See the discussion above regarding our use of adjusted EBITDA. The following table reconciles adjusted EBITDA with net income, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

The following table reconciles adjusted EBITDA with cash flows from operations, the most directly comparable GAAP liquidity measure.

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Revenues

Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2013 were $198,228,000 as compared to revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2012 of $188,964,000, an increase of 5%. Revenues from biofuels increased 6% and accounted for 59% of total revenues in the first six months of 2013 as compared to 58% in the first six months of 2012. Revenues from chemicals increased 4% and accounted for 41% of total revenues in the first six months of 2013 as compared to 42% in the first six months of 2012. Within the chemicals segment, revenues for the first six months of 2013 changed as follows compared to the first six months of 2012: (i) revenues from the bleach activator decreased 6%; (ii) revenues from the proprietary herbicide and intermediates decreased 11%; (iii) revenues from DIPB decreased 10%; (iv) revenues from other custom products increased 27% and (v) revenue from the industrial intermediate utilized in the antimicrobial industry increased 47%.

Revenue from the bleach activator and the proprietary herbicide and intermediates are together the most significant components of our chemicals business revenue base, accounting for 20% of total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to 23% of total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2012. These products comprised a smaller percentage of our total revenues in 2013 as revenues from our biodiesel business and other custom chemical products have assumed a larger percentage of revenues coupled with decreases in the sales of the bleach activator and the proprietary herbicide and intermediates. Revenues from the bleach activator decreased 6% during the six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2012. The decrease was attributable to reduced volumes sold in 2013, partially offset by increased per unit prices. The future volume of and revenues from the bleach activator depend on both consumer demand for the product containing the bleach activator and the manufacturing, sales, and marketing priorities of our customer. We are unable to predict with any certainty the revenues we will receive from this product in the future. With respects to the proprietary herbicide and intermediates, the 11% decrease in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2013 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2012 was attributable to reduced volumes in 2013 and partially offset by increased sales prices. See the discussion above as to the future business with this herbicide and intermediates customer.

Revenues from CPOs and DIPB together decreased 5% during the first six months of 2013 compared to the first six months of 2012. The combined decreased revenues from these two products were attributable to reduced sales volumes of DIPB. Demand for these products can fluctuate significantly from year to year.

Revenues from other custom chemical products increased 27% in the first six months of 2013 as compared to the first six months of 2012. The increase was due to commercial sales of two new products we campaign for a customer. Revenues from proprietary chemicals decreased 2% for the first six months of 2013 as compared to the first six months of 2012 and accounted for approximately 4% of total revenues for the first six months of 2013. The decrease was due to timing of campaigned products.

Revenues from biofuels increased from $109,662,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2012 to $116,066,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2013. The reinstatement of the $1.00 per gallon federal blenders credit in January 2013 along with the government mandated renewable fuel standard for biodiesel combined to improve the economics of biodiesel in 2013. The blenders credit had expired on December 31, 2011 and was reinstated in January 2013 retroactive to January 1, 2012 and extended through December 31, 2013. We have continued to debottleneck and increase our production capacity to make use of the improved economics of biodiesel. Revenues from biofuels have also been impacted by our sales of refined petroleum products as a supplier on a common carrier pipeline. Such gross sales totaled $8,881,000 in the first six months of 2012 compared to $9,213,000 in the first six of 2013. A substantial portion of our biodiesel sold in the first six months of 2012 was to a major refiner in the United States and no assurances can be given that we will continue to sell to such major refiner or, if we do sell, the volume what will be sold or the profit margin that will be realized. We continue to develop our regional fuel distribution business.

Cost of Goods Sold and Distribution

Total cost of goods sold and distribution for the first six months of 2013 were $149,179,000 as compared to $161,764,000 for the first six months of 2012, a decrease of 8%, which compares to a 5% increase in revenues for the period.

Cost of goods sold and distribution for the first six months of 2013 for our chemicals segment totaled $54,312,000 as compared to $56,384,000 for the first six months of 2012. On a percentage basis, cost of goods sold and distribution decreased 4% versus an increase of 4% in revenues. This difference was largely a result of a combination of the following: (i) changes in product mix; (ii) variability in production expenditures and timing differences in price adjustments to customers for such variability; (iii) improved margins on the bleach activator and proprietary herbicide products as sales price has increased on lower sales demands and (iv) as sales in our biofuels segment increased, fixed costs that may have previously been more heavily allocated to the chemicals segment were being allocated in greater proportion to the biofuels segment.

Cost of goods sold and distribution for the first six months of 2013 in our biofuels segment were $94,909,000 as compared to $105,379,000 for the first six months of 2012. On a percentage basis, cost of goods sold and distribution decreased 10% versus an increase in revenues of 6%. This difference was largely a result of a combination of the following: (i) as a result of the retroactive reinstatement of the 2012 $1.00 blenders credit, we recognized a $2,535,000 reduction to cost of goods sold in the first quarter of 2013, as stated above, this credit will expire at December 31, 2013. No such reduction in cost of goods sold was recognized in the first quarter of 2012; (ii) as sales in our biofuels segment have increased, fixed production costs are being spread over a larger number of production units; and (iii) biodiesel profitability in the second quarter of 2012 was negatively impacted due to our inventory of unsold, internally generated RINs. We do not allocate production costs to internally generated RINs, and, from time to time, we enter into sales of biodiesel on a “RINs-free” basis. Such method of selling results in us maintaining possession of the applicable RINs from the sale. The benefit derived from the eventual sale of the RINs is not reflected in our results of operations until such time as the RIN sale has been completed, which may lead to variability in our reported operating results. At June 30, 2012 we had RINs available for sale which we did not have at June 30, 2013.

Operating Expenses

Operating expense increased 1%, from $5,046,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2012 to $5,082,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2013.

Provision for Income Taxes

The effective tax rates for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 reflect our expected tax rate on reported operating earnings before income taxes. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2013 includes the full anticipated impact of the retroactive reinstatement of the 2012 agri-biodiesel production tax credit, which was recognized in the first quarter of 2013 as a discrete item. As a result of this treatment, our effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2013 is lower than it otherwise would be and is not expected to continue at this rate for the remainder of 2013.

Net Income

Net income increased from $15,586,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2012 to $32,206,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2013. This increase was the net result of several factors including improved market conditions in the biodiesel industry, profits realized from the change in product mix in the chemicals segment, and the impact of new chemical products added to our chemical portfolio. Additionally, net income was benefitted by certain non-recurring or unpredictable items. These items include the impact of the retroactive reinstatements of the $1.00 biodiesel blenders credit and the agri-biodiesel production credit for 2012. The retroactive reinstatement of the $1.00 biodiesel blenders credit for 2012 increased the first six months 2013 net income by $2,535,000 on a pretax basis, $1,541,000 on an after-tax basis. The retroactive reinstatement of the agri-biodiesel biodiesel production credit for 2012 benefitted net income in the first six months of 2013 by $912,000 on an after-tax basis. While both of these items pertained to 2012 activity their benefit was not recorded as a component of net income until 2013 as the law granting these benefits was not enacted until then. Both the $1.00 biodiesel blenders credit and agri-biodiesel production credits are set to expire at December 31, 2013. Additionally, net income in the comparative six months of 2012 was negatively impacted due to our inventory of unsold, internally generated RINs held at June 30, 2012. At June 30, 2013, we had a minimal amount of RIN inventory.

Further impacting net income in the six months of 2013 were net realized and unrealized gains on derivative instruments. Such net gains increased net income by $3,666,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2013 on a pretax basis; $2,259,000 on an after-tax basis. In the six months ended June 30, 2012, net income increased $5,219,000 on a pretax basis, $3,216,000 on an after-tax basis, as a result of net realized and unrealized gains on derivative instruments. Changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recognized at the end of each accounting period and recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold. Our immediate recognition of derivative instrument gains and losses can cause net income to be volatile from period to period due to the timing of the change in value of the derivative instruments relative to the sale of biofuel being sold.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Revenue Recognition

For most product sales, revenue is recognized when product is shipped from our facilities and risk of loss and title have passed to the customer, which is in accordance with our customer contracts and the stated shipping terms. Nearly all custom manufactured products are manufactured under written contracts. Performance chemicals and biodiesel are generally sold pursuant to the terms of written purchase orders. In general, customers do not have any rights of return, except for quality disputes. However, all of our products are tested for quality before shipment, and historically returns have been inconsequential. We do not offer rebates or warranties.

Revenue from bill and hold transactions in which a performance obligation exists is recognized when the total performance obligation has been met and title to the product has transferred. Bill and hold transactions for five specialty chemical products in the first six months of 2012 and 2013 relate to revenue that was recognized in accordance with contractual agreements based on product produced and ready for use. These sales were subject to written monthly purchase orders with agreement that production was reasonable. The inventory was custom manufactured and stored at the customer’s request and could not be sold to another buyer. Credit and payment terms for bill and hold customers are similar to other specialty chemical customers. Sales revenue under bill and hold arrangements were $12,310,000 and $13,608,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $24,243,000 and $23,468,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We engage in two types of hedging transactions. First, we hedge our biofuels sales through the purchase and sale of futures contracts and options on futures contracts of energy commodities. This activity was captured on our balance sheet at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Second, we hedge our biofuels feedstock through the execution of purchase contracts and supply agreements with certain vendors. These hedging transactions are recognized in earnings and were not recorded on our balance sheet at June 30, 2013 or December 31, 2012 as they do not meet the definition of a derivative instrument as defined under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The purchase of biofuels feedstock generally involves two components: basis and price. Basis covers any refining or processing required as well as transportation. Price covers the purchases of the actual agricultural commodity. Both basis and price fluctuate over time. A supply agreement with a vendor constitutes a hedge when we have committed to a certain volume of feedstock in a future period and have fixed the basis for that volume.

Other Matters

We entered into an agreement with a customer to construct at a fixed price a processing plant and produce a certain chemical for the customer. We engaged a third party to act as general contractor on the construction of this plant for a guaranteed price. That general contractor defaulted on its obligations under its contract with us and abandoned the project. The general contractor’s default did not have a material adverse effect on us or our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. As a result of the contractor’s default, we undertook the general contractor role ourselves. We also filed suit against our former contractor to recoup any damages that we incurred as a result of his default. The former contractor counterclaimed against us for amounts he asserted were due him under our contract with him. The trial was conducted on this matter and the jury determined that we were not the breaching party under the contract but rather the general contractor was the breaching party and that the general contractor did not substantially complete his obligations under the contract. The jury did however award the contractor certain amounts that the jury determined we owed him under the contract for services rendered through the date of breach. Upon our motion, the court reduced the amount awarded by the jury. Such amount does not have a material adverse effect on our overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Both we and the contractor appealed certain rulings made in the course of this case and those appeals are pending. We do not believe that the effect of these appeals will have a material adverse effect our overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

In recent years, general economic inflation has not had a material adverse impact on our costs and, as described elsewhere herein, we have passed some price increases along to our customers. However, we are subject to certain market risks as described below.

Market risk represents the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. Commodity price risk is inherent in the chemical and biofuels business both with respect to input (electricity, coal, raw materials, biofuels feedstock, etc.) and output (manufactured chemicals and biofuels).

We seek to mitigate our market risks associated with the manufacturing and sale of chemicals by entering into term sale contracts that include contractual market price adjustment protections to allow changes in market prices of key raw materials to be passed on to the customer. Such price protections are not always obtained, however, so raw material price risk remains significant.

In order to manage price risk caused by market fluctuations in biofuels prices, we may enter into exchange traded commodity futures and options contracts. We account for these derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815-20-25, Derivatives and Hedging, Hedging-General, Recognition. Under this standard, the accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends upon whether it has been designated as an accounting hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. To qualify for designation as an accounting hedging relationship, specific criteria must be met and appropriate documentation maintained. We had no derivative instruments that qualified under these rules as designated accounting hedges in the first six months of 2013 or 2012. Changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recognized at the end of each accounting period and recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold.

Our immediate recognition of derivative instrument gains and losses can cause net income to be volatile from period to period due to the timing of the change in value of the derivative instruments relative to the sale of biofuel being sold. As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the fair values of our derivative instruments were a net liability in the amount of $1,670,000 and $947,000, respectively.

Our gross profit will be impacted by the prices we pay for raw materials and conversion costs (costs incurred in the production of chemicals and biofuels) for which we do not possess contractual market price adjustment protection. These items are principally comprised of crude corn oil and yellow grease and petrodiesel. The availability and price of these items are subject to wide fluctuations due to unpredictable factors such as weather conditions, overall economic conditions, governmental policies, commodity markets, and global supply and demand.

We prepared a sensitivity analysis of our exposure to market risk with respect to key raw materials and conversion costs for which we do not possess contractual market price adjustment protections, based on average prices for the first six months of 2013. We included only those raw materials and conversion costs for which a hypothetical adverse change in price would result in a 1% or greater decrease in gross profit. Assuming that the prices of the associated finished goods could not be increased and assuming no change in quantities sold, a hypothetical 10% change in the average price of the commodity listed below would result in the following change in annual gross profit.

(Volume and dollars in thousands)

We had no borrowings as of June 30, 2013 or December 31, 2012 and, as such, we were not exposed to interest rate risk for those periods. Due to the relative insignificance of transactions denominated in foreign currency, we consider our foreign currency risk to be immaterial.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and our principal financial officer and other senior management personnel, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and our principal financial officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2013 were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are not a party to, nor is any of our property subject to, any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business. However, from time to time, we may be a party to, or a target of, lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings, including product liability, personal injury, asbestos, patent and intellectual property, commercial, contract, environmental, antitrust, health and safety, and employment matters, which we expect to be handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. While we are unable to predict the outcome of any matters currently pending, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on our overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, adverse developments could negatively impact earnings or cash flows in future periods. Please see the discussion above under Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Other Matters for additional discussion on our legal matters.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors we previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Form 10-K, Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed with the SEC on March 18, 2013.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Information

This report, and the documents incorporated by reference into this report, contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements deal with our current plans, intentions, beliefs, and expectations, and statements of future economic performance. Statements containing such terms as “believe,” “do not believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” and other phrases of similar meaning are considered to contain uncertainty and are forward-looking statements. In addition, from time to time we or our representatives have made or will make forward-looking statements orally or in writing. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements may be included in various filings that we make with the SEC, or in press releases, or in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized executive officers.

These forward-looking statements are subject to certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, those set forth under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in our future filings made with the SEC. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements contained in this report which reflect our management’s opinions only as of their respective dates. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revisions to forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties described in this report and in subsequent filings with the SEC are not the only ones we face. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which will arise. There may be additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial to our business. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. If any such risks occur, our business, operating results, liquidity, and financial condition could be materially affected in an adverse manner. You should consult any additional disclosures we have made or will make in our reports to the SEC on Forms 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K, and any amendments thereto. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained in this report.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

FUTUREFUEL CORP.

By: /s/ Paul A. Novelly                    

Paul A. Novelly, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Date: August 8, 2013

By: /s/ Rose M. Sparks                    

Rose M. Sparks, Principal Financial Officer

Date: August 8, 2013

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