Garrett Motion Inc. - Annual Report: 2020 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

or

For the transition period from            to           

Commission File Number 001-38636

Garrett Motion Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

+41 21 695 30 00

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes  ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).      Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $415 million based on the closing price of its common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2020, the last business day of the registrant’s second fiscal quarter.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes  ☐    No  ☐

As of February 4, 2021, the registrant had 75,813,634 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.

Table of Contents

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

On September 20, 2020 (the “Petition Date”), Garrett Motion Inc. (the “Company”) and certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Debtors”) each filed a voluntary petition for relief under chapter 11 of title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”). The Debtors’ chapter 11 cases (the “Chapter 11 Cases”) are being jointly administered under the caption “In re: Garrett Motion Inc., 20-12212.”

On the Petition Date, the Debtors entered into a Restructuring Support Agreement (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “RSA”) with consenting lenders (the “Consenting Lenders”) holding, in the aggregate, approximately 61% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of loans under that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of September 27, 2018, (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Prepetition Credit Agreement”) by and among the Company, as Holdings, Garrett LX III S.à r.l., as Lux Borrower, Garrett Borrowing LLC, as U.S. Co-Borrower, Garrett Motion S.à r.l., as Swiss Borrower, the Lenders and Issuing Banks party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent. Pursuant to the RSA, the Consenting Lenders and the Debtors agreed to the principal terms of a financial restructuring, to be implemented through a plan of reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code, and which could include the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of certain Debtors and of the stock of certain Debtors and other subsidiaries, as further described below. On January 6, 2021, the Debtors and Consenting Lenders holding no less than a majority of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of loans under the Prepetition Credit Agreement then held by all Consenting Lenders entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Restructuring Support Agreement (the “Amendment”), which, among other things, extended certain milestones contained in the RSA.

On the Petition Date, certain of the Debtors also entered into a share and asset purchase agreement (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement”) with AMP Intermediate B.V. (the “Stalking Horse Bidder”) and AMP U.S. Holdings, LLC, each affiliates of KPS Capital Partners, LP (“KPS”), pursuant to which the Stalking Horse Bidder agreed to purchase, subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, substantially all of the assets of the Debtors. The Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement constituted a “stalking horse” bid that was subject to higher and better offers by third parties in accordance with the bidding procedures approved by the Bankruptcy Court in an order entered by the Bankruptcy Court after hearings on October 21, 2020 and October 23, 2020 (the “Bidding Procedures Order”). The Bidding Procedures Order permitted third parties to submit competing proposals for the purchase and/or reorganization of the Debtors and approved stalking horse protections for the Stalking Horse Bidder.

On October 6, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order granting interim approval of the Debtors’ entry into a Senior Secured Super-Priority Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement (the “DIP Credit Agreement”), with the lenders party thereto (the “DIP Lenders”) and Citibank N.A. as administrative agent (the “DIP Agent”). On October 9, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), the Company, the DIP Agent and the DIP Lenders entered into the DIP Credit Agreement. The DIP Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured, super-priority term loan (the “DIP Term Loan Facility”) in the principal amount of $200 million, $100 million of which was funded on the Closing Date and $100 million of which was subsequently funded on October 26, 2020, following entry of the Bankruptcy Court’s final order approving the DIP Term Loan Facility on October 23, 2020. The proceeds of the DIP Term Loan Facility are to be used by the Debtors to (a) pay certain costs, premiums, fees and expenses related to the Chapter 11 Cases, (b) make payments pursuant to any interim or final order entered by the Bankruptcy Court pursuant to any “first day” motions permitting the payment by the Debtors of any prepetition amounts then due and owing, (c) make certain adequate protection payments in accordance with the DIP Credit Agreement and (d) fund working capital needs of the Debtors and their subsidiaries to the extent permitted by the DIP Credit Agreement. On October 12, 2020, the Company, the DIP Agent and the DIP Lenders entered into the First Amendment to the DIP Credit Agreement (the “First DIP Amendment”). The First DIP Amendment eliminates the obligation for the Company to pay certain fees to the DIP Lenders in connection with certain prepayment events under the DIP Credit Agreement.

In accordance with the Bidding Procedures Order, the Debtors held an auction (the “Auction”) at which they solicited and received higher and better offers from KPS and from a consortium made up of Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P., Warlander Asset Management, L.P., Jefferies LLC, Bardin Hill Opportunistic Credit Master Fund LP, Marathon Asset Management L.P., and Cetus Capital VI, L.P., or affiliates thereof (collectively, the “OWJ Group”). In addition to the bids received at the Auction from KPS and the OWJ Group, the Debtors also received a transaction proposal in parallel from Centerbridge Partners, L.P., Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., Honeywell International Inc. and certain other investors and parties (collectively, the “CO Group”). The Auction was completed on January 8, 2021, at which point the Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court (i) an auction notice noting that a bid received from KPS was the successful bid at the Auction but that the Debtors were still considering the proposal from the CO Group, (ii) a plan of reorganization (as may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Plan”) and (iii) a related disclosure statement (as may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, (the “Disclosure Statement”).

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On January 11, 2021, the Debtors, having determined that the proposal from the CO Group was a higher and better proposal than the successful bid of KPS at the Auction, entered into a Plan Support Agreement with the CO Group (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “PSA”) and announced their intention to pursue a restructuring transaction with the CO Group (the “Transaction”). As a result of the entry into the PSA, (i) the Debtors filed a supplemental auction notice with the Bankruptcy Court on January 11, 2021 describing the Debtors’ determination to proceed with the Transaction, (ii) the Debtors filed a revised Plan to implement the Transaction and a related revised Disclosure Statement with the Bankruptcy Court on January 22, 2021 and (iii) the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement became terminable, following which, on January 15, 2021, the Stalking Horse Bidder terminated the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement and the Debtors subsequently paid a termination payment of $63 million and an expense reimbursement payment of $15.7 million to the Stalking Horse Bidder pursuant to the terms of the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement and the Bidding Procedures Order.

In accordance with the terms of the PSA, on January 22, 2021, the Debtors’ entered into an Equity Backstop Commitment Agreement (the “EBCA”) with certain members of the CO Group (the “Equity Backstop Parties”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company will conduct the rights offering contemplated by the PSA (the “Rights Offering”) and each Equity Backstop Party committed to (i) exercise its rights, as a stockholder of the Company, to purchase in the Rights Offering shares of the convertible Series A preferred stock of the Company to be offered in the Rights Offering (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) and (ii) purchase, on a pro rata basis (in accordance with percentages set forth in the EBCA), shares of Series A Preferred Stock which were offered but not subscribed for in the Rights Offering.

On February 15, 2021, the Debtors and the CO Group agreed with certain of the Consenting Lenders to amend and restate the PSA so as to, among other things, add certain of the Consenting Lenders as parties thereto supporting the Plan.

The Debtors’ entry into and performance and obligations under the PSA and the EBCA are subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court and other customary closing conditions.  On February 9, 2021, the official committee of equity securities holders (the “Equity Committee”) filed an objection to the Debtors’ motion seeking authority to enter into and perform under the PSA and the ECBA.  A hearing on the matter is scheduled to take place in the Bankruptcy Court on February 16, 2021. There can be no assurances that the Debtors will obtain the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and complete the Transaction.

On January 24, 2021, representatives of the Equity Committee submitted a restructuring term sheet for a proposed plan of reorganization sponsored by Atlantic Park.  The Equity Committee subsequently filed with the Bankruptcy Court on February 5, 2021, a proposed plan of reorganization and related disclosure statement with respect to such transaction (as reflected in the proposed plan of reorganization filed with the Bankruptcy Court, the “Atlantic Park Proposal”). The transactions contemplated under the Atlantic Park Proposal have been proposed as an alternative to the transactions contemplated under the Plan. In connection with the Atlantic Park Proposal, the Equity Committee filed a motion with the Bankruptcy Court seeking to modify the Debtors’ exclusive periods to file and solicit votes on a Chapter 11 plan. The Equity Committee’s motion is scheduled to be heard by the Bankruptcy Court on February 16, 2021. The Company has significant concerns with the feasibility of the Atlantic Park Proposal and has concluded that at this time the transactions contemplated under the Atlantic Park Proposal are not reasonably likely to lead to a higher and better alternative plan of reorganization as compared to the Plan. The Equity Committee has also filed a revised proposed plan of reorganization and disclosure statement in connection with the Atlantic Park Proposal with the Bankruptcy Court on February 15, 2021.

The disclosures in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read in the context of the Chapter 11 Cases. All documents filed with the Bankruptcy Court are available for inspection at the Office of the Clerk of the Bankruptcy Court or online (a) for a fee on the Bankruptcy Court’s website at www.ecf.uscourts.gov and (b) free of charge on the website of the Debtors’ claims and noticing agent, Kurtzman Carson Consultants LLC at http://www.kccllc.net/garrettmotion.

See Note 2 Reorganization and Chapter 11 Proceedings of the Notes to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Chapter 11 Cases, the RSA, the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement, the PSA, the ECBA, the Transaction and the DIP Credit Agreement.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION

On October 1, 2018, Garrett Motion Inc. became an independent publicly-traded company through a pro rata distribution (the “Distribution”) by Honeywell International Inc. (“Former Parent” or “Honeywell”) of 100% of the then-outstanding shares of Garrett to Honeywell’s stockholders (the “Spin-Off”). Each Honeywell stockholder of record received one share of Garrett common stock for every 10 shares of Honeywell common stock held on the record date.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Garrett,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “the Company” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K refer to Garrett Motion Inc. and its subsidiaries following the Spin-Off.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains financial information that was derived partially from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of Honeywell. The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements of Garrett (“Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements”) reflect the consolidated and combined historical results of operations, financial position and cash flows of Garrett, for periods following the Spin-Off, and the Transportation Systems Business, for all periods prior to the Spin-Off, as it was historically managed in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Therefore, the historical consolidated and combined financial information may not be indicative of our future performance and does not necessarily reflect what our consolidated and combined results of operations, financial condition and cash flows would have been had the Business operated as a separate, publicly traded company during the entirety of the periods presented, particularly because of changes that we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience in the future, as a result of our separation from Honeywell, including changes in the financing, cash management, operations, cost structure and personnel needs of our business.

Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we reference certain industry sources. While we believe the compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) and other projections of the industry sources referenced in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are reasonable, forecasts based upon such data involve inherent uncertainties, and actual outcomes are subject to change based upon various factors beyond our control.  All data from industry sources is provided as of the latest practicable date prior to the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may be subject to change.

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Annual Report, including without limitation statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, the consequences and outcome of the Chapter 11 Cases, other potential claims against the Debtors related to the Chapter 11 Cases, the completion of the Transaction (including our global settlement with Honeywell), the impact of the delisting of our common stock from the New York Stock Exchange, the anticipated impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our business, results of operations and financial position, expectations regarding the growth of the turbocharger and electric vehicle markets and other industry trends, the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents, anticipated sources and uses of cash, anticipated investments in our business, our business strategy, pending litigation, anticipated payments under our agreements with Honeywell, if our global settlement with Honeywell is not approved by the Bankruptcy Court, and the expected timing of those payments, anticipated interest expense, and the plans and objectives of management for future operations and capital expenditures are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report and are subject to a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including the factors described in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

You should read this Annual Report and the documents that we reference herein completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.

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Summary Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described in Part I Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should carefully consider these risks and uncertainties when investing in our common stock. The principal risks and uncertainties affecting our business include the following:

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Part I

Item 1. Business

Our Company

Our Company designs, manufactures and sells highly engineered turbocharger and electric-boosting technologies for light and commercial vehicle original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and the global vehicle independent aftermarket as well as automotive software solutions. These OEMs in turn ship to consumers globally. We are a global technology leader with significant expertise in delivering products across gasoline, diesel, natural gas and electric (hybrid and fuel cell) powertrains. These products are key enablers for fuel economy and emission standards compliance.

Our products are highly engineered for each individual powertrain platform, requiring close collaboration with our customers in the earliest years of powertrain and new vehicle design. Our turbocharging and electric-boosting products enable our customers to improve vehicle performance while addressing continually evolving and converging regulations that mandate significant increases in fuel efficiency and reductions in exhaust emissions worldwide.

We offer light vehicle gasoline, light vehicle diesel and commercial vehicle turbochargers that enhance vehicle performance, fuel economy and drivability. A turbocharger provides an engine with a controlled and pressurized air intake, which intensifies and improves the combustion of fuel to increase the amount of power sent through the transmission and to improve the efficiency and exhaust emissions of the engine. Market penetration of light vehicles with a turbocharger is expected to increase from approximately 51% in 2020 to approximately 55% by 2025, according to IHS Markit (“IHS”), which we believe will allow the turbocharger market to grow at a faster rate than overall automobile production.

Building on our expertise in turbocharger technology, we have also developed electric-boosting technologies targeted for use in electrified powertrains, primarily hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. Our products include electric turbochargers and electric compressors that provide more responsive driving and optimized fuel economy in electrified vehicles. Our early-stage and collaborative relationships with our global OEM customer base have enabled us to increase our knowledge of customer needs for vehicle safety, predictive maintenance, and advanced controllers to develop new connected and software-enabled products.

In addition, we have emerging opportunities in technologies, products and services that support the growing connected vehicle market, which include software focused on automotive cybersecurity and integrated vehicle health management (“IVHM”). Our focus is developing solutions for enhancing cybersecurity of connected vehicles, as well as in-vehicle monitoring to provide maintenance diagnostics, which reduce vehicle downtime and repair costs. For example, our Intrusion Detection and Prevention System uses anomaly detection technology that functions like virus detection software to perform real-time data analysis to ensure every message received by a car’s computer is valid. Our IVHM tools detect intermittent faults and anomalies within complex vehicle systems to provide a more thorough understanding of the real-time health of a vehicle system and enable customers to fix faults before they actually occur. We are collaborating with tier-one suppliers on automotive cybersecurity software solutions and with several major OEMs on IVHM technologies.

Our comprehensive portfolio of turbocharger, electric-boosting and connected vehicle technologies is supported by our five research and development (“R&D”) centers, 11 close-to-customer engineering facilities and 13 factories, which are strategically located around the world. Our operations in each region have self-sufficient sales, engineering and production capabilities, making us a nimble local competitor, while our standardized manufacturing processes, global supply chain, worldwide technology R&D and size enable us to deliver the scale benefits, technology leadership, cross-regional support and extensive resources of a global enterprise. In high-growth regions, including China and India, we have established a local footprint, which has helped us secure strong positions with in-region OEM customers who demand localized engineering and manufacturing content but also require the capabilities and track record of a global leader.

We also sell our technologies in the global aftermarket through our distribution network of more than 200 distributors covering 160 countries. Through this network, we provide approximately 5,300 part-numbers and products to service garages across the globe. Garrett is a leading brand in the independent aftermarket for both service replacement turbochargers as well as high-end performance and racing turbochargers. We estimate that over 110 million vehicles on the road today utilize our products, further supporting our global aftermarket business.

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Leading technology, continuous innovation, product performance and OEM engineering collaboration are central to our customer value proposition and a core part of our culture and heritage. In 1962, we introduced a turbocharger for a mass-produced passenger vehicle. Since then, we have introduced many other notable technologies in mass-production vehicles, such as turbochargers with variable geometry turbines, dual-boost compressors, ball-bearing rotors and electronically actuated controls, all of which vastly improve engine response when accelerating at low speeds and increase power at higher speeds and enable significant improvements in overall engine fuel economy and exhaust emissions for both gasoline and diesel engines. Our portfolio today includes approximately 1,600 patents and patents pending.

Reorganization and Chapter 11 Proceedings

On the Petition Date, the Debtors each entered into the RSA and filed a voluntary petition for relief under the Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. The Chapter 11 Cases are being jointly administered under the caption “In re: Garrett Motion Inc., 20-12212.”

On the Petition Date, certain of the Debtors also entered into the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement with the Stalking Horse Bidder and AMP U.S. Holdings, LLC, each affiliates of KPS, pursuant to which the Stalking Horse Bidder agreed to purchase, subject to the terms and conditions contained therein, substantially all of the assets of the Debtors. The Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement constituted a “stalking horse” bid that was subject to higher and better offers by third parties in accordance with the bidding procedures approved by the Bankruptcy Court in the Bidding Procedures Order. The Bidding Procedures Order permitted third parties to submit competing proposals for the purchase and/or reorganization of the Debtors and approved stalking horse protections for the Stalking Horse Bidder.

On the Petition Date, we were notified by the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) that, as a result of the Chapter 11 Cases, and in accordance with Section 802.01D of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, that NYSE had commenced proceedings to delist our common stock from the NYSE. The NYSE indefinitely suspended trading of our common stock on September 21, 2020. We determined not to appeal the NYSE’s determination. On October 8, 2020, the NYSE filed a Form 25-NSE with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which removed our common stock from listing and registration on the NYSE effective as of the opening of business on October 19, 2020. The delisting of our common stock from NYSE has and could continue to limit the liquidity of our common stock, increase the volatility in the price of our common stock, and hinder our ability to raise capital.

In accordance with the Bidding Procedures Order, the Debtors held the Auction at which they solicited and received higher and better offers from KPS and the OWJ Group. In addition to the bids received at the Auction from KPS and the OWJ Group, the Debtors also received a transaction proposal in parallel from the CO Group. The Auction was completed on January 8, 2021, at which point the Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court (i) an auction notice noting that a bid received from KPS was the successful bid at the Auction but that the Debtors were still considering the proposal from the CO Group, (ii) the Plan and Disclosure Statement. On January 11, 2021, the Debtors, having determined that the proposal from the CO Group was a higher and better proposal than the successful bid of KPS at the Auction, entered into the PSA and announced their intention to pursue a restructuring transaction with the CO Group. As a result of the entry into the PSA, (i) the Debtors filed a supplemental auction notice with the Bankruptcy Court on January 11, 2021 describing the Debtors’ determination to proceed with the Transaction, (ii) the Debtors filed a revised Plan and related revised Disclosure Statement with the Bankruptcy Court on January 22, 2021 to implement the Transaction and (iii) the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement became terminable, following which, on January 15, 2021, the Stalking Horse Bidder terminated the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement and the Debtors subsequently paid a termination payment of $63 million and an expense reimbursement payment of $15.7 million to the Stalking Horse Bidder pursuant to the terms of the Stalking Horse Purchase Agreement and the Bidding Procedures Order.

Under the terms of the PSA and the Transaction, the Plan, if confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, will include a global settlement with Honeywell providing for (a) the full and final satisfaction, settlement, release, and discharge of all liabilities under or related to the indemnification and reimbursement agreement with Honeywell entered into on September 12, 2018 (the “Honeywell Indemnity Agreement”), that certain Indemnification Guarantee Agreement, dated as of September 27, 2018 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time), by and among Honeywell ASASCO 2 Inc. as payee, Garrett ASASCO as payor, and certain subsidiary guarantors as defined therein (the “Guarantee Agreement,” and together with the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement, the “Indemnity Agreements”) and the tax matters agreement with Honeywell, dated September 12, 2018 (the “Tax Matters Agreement”) and (b) the dismissal with prejudice of the lawsuits against Honeywell relating to the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement and the Tax Matters Agreement (the “Honeywell Litigation”) in exchange for (x) a $375 million cash payment by the company at emergence from chapter 11 (“Emergence”) and (y) new Series B Preferred Stock issued by the Company payable in installments of $35 million in 2022, and $100 million annually 2023-2030 (the “Series B Preferred Stock”).

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In accordance with the terms of the PSA, on January 22, 2021, the Debtors’ entered into the EBCA with the Equity Backstop Parties, pursuant to which, among other things, the Company will conduct the Rights Offering and each Equity Backstop Party committed to (i) exercise its rights, as a stockholder of the Company, to purchase in the Rights Offering shares of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) purchase, on a pro rata basis (in accordance with percentages set forth in the EBCA), shares of Series A Preferred Stock which were offered but not subscribed for in the Rights Offering.

On February 15, 2021, the Debtors and the CO Group agreed with certain of the Consenting Lenders to amend and restate the PSA so as to, among other things, add certain of the Consenting Lenders as parties thereto supporting the Plan.

The Debtors’ entry into and performance and obligations under the PSA and the EBCA are subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court and other customary closing conditions. On February 9, 2021, the Equity Committee filed an objection to the Debtors’ motion seeking authority to enter into and perform under the PSA and the ECBA.  A hearing on the matter is scheduled to take place in the Bankruptcy Court on February 16, 2021.  There can be no assurances that the Debtors will obtain the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and complete the Transaction.

On January 24, 2021, representatives of the Equity Committee submitted a restructuring term sheet for the Atlantic Park Proposal. The Equity Committee subsequently filed with the Bankruptcy Court on February 5, 2021, a proposed plan of reorganization and related disclosure statement with respect to the Atlantic Park Proposal.  The transactions contemplated under the Atlantic Park Proposal have been proposed as an alternative to the transactions contemplated under the Plan. In connection with the Atlantic Park Proposal, the Equity Committee filed a motion with the Bankruptcy Court seeking to modify the Debtors’ exclusive periods to file and solicit votes on a Chapter 11 plan. The Equity Committee’s motion is scheduled to be heard by the Bankruptcy Court on February 16, 2021. The Company has significant concerns with the feasibility of the Atlantic Park Proposal and has concluded that at this time the transactions contemplated under the Atlantic Park Proposal are not reasonably likely to lead to a higher and better alternative plan of reorganization as compared to the Plan.

For additional information regarding the Chapter 11 Cases, reorganization, the PSA, the ECBA and the Transaction, see “Explanatory Note” and Note 2, Reorganization and Chapter 11 Proceedings of the Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has created unparalleled challenges for the auto industry in the short-term. In the three months ended March 31, 2020, our manufacturing facility in Wuhan, China was shut down for six weeks in February and March and we saw diminished production in our Shanghai, China facility for that same time period, which adversely impacted our net sales for the period. During the second quarter, our facilities in China re-opened, however our manufacturing facilities in Mexicali, Mexico and Pune, India were shut down for five weeks and our manufacturing facilities in Europe operated at reduced capacity. During this time, we implemented a set of hygiene and safety measures that complied with, and in many places exceeded local regulations in order to protect our employees while maintaining commitments vis-a-vis our customers. This combined with the fast recovery observed in all geographies has enabled us to ramp up production in most of our production sites to normal levels in the third quarter of 2020. This trend has been confirmed in the fourth quarter, despite the resurgence of infection rates in U.S. and European Union. If the COVID-19 pandemic drives new lockdown measures impacting our manufacturing facilities, our facilities may be forced to shut down or operate at reduced capacity again. Additional or continued facilities closures or reductions in operation could significantly reduce our production volumes and have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Analyst consensus for the full year 2020 anticipates a 17% decrease in global light vehicle production, and for a 10% decline in commercial vehicle production, a larger drop than during the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009. In 2021, a partial recovery is expected with a rebound of light vehicle production of 14% and commercial vehicles of 6%.  As a result, we estimate that a contraction of approximately 13% for the combined light and commercial vehicle turbocharger industry volume occurred in 2020 and we expect a rebound of 13% in 2021. We have prepared contingency plans for multiple scenarios that we believe will allow us to react swiftly to changes in customer demand while protecting Garrett’s long-term growth potential. The supplies needed for our operations were generally available throughout 2020. In limited circumstances, certain suppliers experienced financial distress during 2020, resulting in supply disruptions.  However, during 2020, we implemented new procedures for monitoring of supplier risks associated with COVID-19 and the Chapter 11 Cases and believe we have substantially addressed such risks with manageable economic impacts

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including use of Premium Freight or adjusted payment terms that are limited in time. In addition, we have implemented cost control measures and cash management actions, including:

The following charts show our percentage of revenues by geographic region and product line for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and the percentage change from the prior year comparable period.

Revenue Summary

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Our Industry

We compete in the global turbocharger market for gasoline, diesel and natural gas engines; in the electric- boosting market for electrified (hybrid and fuel cell) vehicle powertrains; and in the emerging connected vehicle software market. As vehicles become more electrified, our electric-boosting products use principles similar to our turbochargers to further optimize air intake and thus further enhance performance, fuel economy and exhaust emissions with the help of an integrated high-speed electric motor. By using a turbocharger or electric-boosting technology, an OEM can deploy smaller, lighter powertrains with better fuel economy and exhaust emissions while delivering the same power and acceleration as larger, heavier powertrains. As such, turbochargers have become one of the most highly effective technologies for helping global OEMs meet increasingly stricter emission standards.

Global Turbocharger market

The global turbocharger market includes turbochargers for new light and commercial vehicles as well as turbochargers for replacement use in the global aftermarket. According to IHS and other experts, the global turbocharger market consisted of approximately 44 million unit sales with an estimated total value of approximately $10 billion in 2020. Within the global turbocharger market, light vehicles accounted for approximately 90% of total unit volume and commercial vehicles accounted for the remaining 10%.

Consultants project that the turbocharger production volume will grow at a CAGR of approximately 3% from 2019 through 2025, driven mainly by turbochargers for light vehicle gasoline engines and continued slow growth for commercial vehicles, offset by a decline in diesel turbochargers given a decline in diesel powertrains, particularly for light vehicles. This annual sales estimate would add approximately 372 million new turbocharged vehicles on the road globally between 2019 and 2025.

Key trends affecting our industry

Current global economic conditions due to COVID-19 have adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect many industries including the Automotive sector. Analysts estimate that automotive industry revenue dropped 11% in 2020, compared to 2019, according to Standard & Poor’s Capital IQ. According to the same dataset, other industries that drive, in particular, Off-Highway commercial vehicle turbo demand, such as Oil and Gas (24%), Railroads (16%) or Marine (2%) recorded drops in industry revenue over the same period. Global GDP growth, while restarting in second half of 2020 on the back of global government stimulus programs, will remain 5 percentage points below pre-crisis forecasts at least until 2023, according to the OECD. Consequently, IHS reduced its light vehicle production volume forecast for 2025 from 102 million units that they forecasted in 2019 to 95 million units in their January 2021 light vehicle industry production volume forecast. While this resets the volume outlook for the automotive industry, the underlying growth drivers for the turbo industry remain unchanged: Growth in the overall vehicle industry (albeit from a lower base), increasingly tight fuel efficiency and emission standards, and growing turbocharger penetration.

Growth in overall vehicle production. After a decrease of 17% in Light Vehicle production and 10% in Commercial Vehicle production in 2020, consultants expect a stabilization in 2021. The global automotive industry is expected to reach pre-crisis volumes in 2022-2023. The shift from pure gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines to hybridized powertrains is expected to continue in response to increasingly strict fuel efficiency and regulatory standards. In parallel, the share of pure electric vehicles is expected to continue to increase from a low base as technology and supporting infrastructure continue to improve.

Global vehicle fuel efficiency and emissions standards. OEMs are facing increasingly strict constraints for vehicle fuel efficiency and emissions standards globally. Regulatory authorities in key vehicle markets such as the United States, the European Union, China, Japan, and Korea have instituted regulations that require sustained and significant improvements in CO2, NOx and particulate matter vehicle emissions. OEMs are required to evaluate and adopt various

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solutions to address these stricter standards. Turbochargers allow OEMs to reduce engine size without sacrificing vehicle performance, thereby increasing fuel efficiency and decreasing harmful emissions. Furthermore, turbochargers allow more precise “air control” over both engine intake and exhaust conditions such as gas pressures, flows and temperatures, enabling optimization of the combustion process. This combustion optimization is critical to engine efficiency, exhaust emissions, power and transient response and enables such concepts as exhaust gas recirculation for diesel engines and Miller-cycle operation for gasoline engines. Consequently, we believe turbocharging will continue to be a key technology for automakers to meet future tough fuel economy and emissions standards without sacrificing performance.

Turbocharger penetration. The utilization of turbochargers and electric-boosting technologies on vehicle powertrain systems is one of the most cost-effective solutions to address stricter standards, and OEMs are increasing their adoption of these technologies. IHS and other industry sources expect total turbocharger penetration to increase globally from approximately 53% in 2020 to approximately 56% by 2025. IHS forecasts particularly strong turbocharger penetration growth for gasoline turbochargers, expecting an increase from approximately 44% in 2020 to 56% in 2025.

Medium-Term Powertrain Trends

Source: IHS

Engine size and complexity. In order to address stricter fuel economy standards, OEMs have used turbochargers to reduce the average engine size on their vehicles over time without compromising performance. Stricter pollutants emissions standards (primarily for NOx and particulates) have driven higher turbocharger adoption as well, which we believe will continue in the future, with a predicted total automotive turbocharger sales volume CAGR of 3% between 2019 and 2025, in an industry with a predicted total automobile sales volume CAGR of approximately 1% over the same period, in each case according to IHS and other industry sources. In addition, increasingly demanding fuel economy standards require continuous increases in turbocharger technology content (e.g., variable geometry, electronic actuation, multiple stages, ball bearings, electrical control, etc.) which results in steady increases in average turbocharger content per vehicle.

Powertrain electrification. To address stricter fuel economy standards, OEMs also have been increasing the electrification of their vehicle offerings, primarily with the addition of hybrid vehicles, which have powertrains equipped with a gasoline or diesel internal combustion engine in combination with an electric motor. IHS estimates that hybrid vehicles globally will grow from a total of approximately 5.3 million vehicles in 2019 to 29.5 million vehicles by 2025, representing a CAGR of 33%. The electrified powertrain of hybrid vehicles enables the usage of highly synergistic electric-boosting technologies which augment standard turbochargers with electrically assisted boosting and electrical-generation capability. Furthermore, the application of electric boosting extends the requirement for engineering collaboration with OEMs to include electrical integration, software controls, and advanced sensing. Overall, this move to electric boosting further increases the role and value of turbocharging in improving vehicle fuel economy and exhaust emissions.

OEMs are also investing in full battery-electric vehicles to comply with increasingly tight regulatory targets across regions. IHS and other industry sources expect that they will compose 10% of total light and commercial vehicle production globally by 2025.  Consumer adoption hinges on future battery cost – hence vehicle price - reductions,

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increases in power density – hence driving range, and shorter recharging times. As OEMs strive to solve these issues, they are increasing investment in hydrogen fuel cell powered electric vehicles for demanding applications requiring long range, especially in the commercial vehicle space. These vehicles, like battery electric vehicles, have fully electric motor powertrains, but they rely on the hydrogen fuel cell to generate the required electricity. The hydrogen fuel cell also requires advanced electric-boosting technology for optimization of size and efficiency.

Connected vehicles, autonomous vehicles, and shared vehicles. In addition to powertrain evolution, the market for connected vehicle services is growing rapidly. According to Strategy&, a consulting firm, this market is expected to grow 34% per annum from approximately $8 billion in 2020 to approximately $35 billion in 2025. Our IVHM, predictive maintenance, diagnostics and cybersecurity tools address this market. Their adoption should increase as advanced driver assistance features and ultimately autonomous driving increase requirements for vehicle functional safety. Simultaneously, our cybersecurity solutions protect those vehicles against outside interference to ensure correct functionality.

Vehicle ownership in China and other high-growth markets. Vehicle ownership in China and other emerging markets remains well below ownership levels in developed markets and will be a key driver of future vehicle production. At the same time, these markets are following the lead of developed countries by instituting stricter emission standards. Growth in production volume and greater penetration by large global OEMs in these markets, along with evolving emission standards and increasing fuel economy and vehicle performance demands, is driving increasing turbocharger penetration in high-growth regions.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we differentiate ourselves through the following competitive strengths:

Global and broad market leadership

We are a global leader in the $10 billion turbocharger industry. We believe we will continue to benefit from the increased adoption of turbochargers, as well as our global technology leadership, comprehensive portfolio, continuous product innovation and our deep-seated relationships with all global OEMs. We maintain a leadership position across all vehicle types, engine types and regions, including:

Light Vehicles.

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Commercial vehicles. Our Company traces its roots to the 1950s when we helped develop a turbocharged commercial vehicle for Caterpillar. We have maintained our strategic relationship with key commercial vehicle OEMs for over 60 years as well as market-leading positions across the commercial vehicle markets for both on- and off-highway use. Our products improve engine performance and lower emissions on trucks, buses, agriculture equipment, construction equipment and mining equipment with engine sizes ranging 1.8L to 105L.

High-growth regions. We have a strong track record serving global and emerging OEMs, including customers in China and India, with an in-market, for-market strategy and operate full R&D and three manufacturing facilities in the high-growth regions that serve light and commercial vehicle OEMs. Our local presence in high-growth regions has helped us win business with key international and domestic Chinese OEMs, and we grew significantly faster than the vehicle production in these regions between 2013 and 2019.

Strong and collaborative relationships with leading OEMs globally

We supply our products to more than 60 OEMs globally. Our top ten customers accounted for approximately 56% of net sales and our largest customer represented approximately 10% of our net sales in 2020. With over 60 years in the turbocharger industry, we have developed strong capabilities working with all major OEMs. We consistently meet their stringent design, performance and quality standards while achieving capacity and delivery timelines that are critical for customer success. Our track record of successful collaborations, as demonstrated by our strong client base and our ability to successfully launch approximately 100 product applications annually, is well recognized. For example, we received a 2017 Automotive News PACE™ Innovation Partnership Award in supporting Volkswagen’s first launch of an industry-leading VNT turbocharged gasoline engine, which is just one example of our strong collaborative relationships with OEMs. Our regional research, development and manufacturing capabilities are a key advantage in helping us to supply OEMs as they expand geographically and shift towards standardized engines and vehicle platforms globally.

Global aftermarket platform

We have an estimated installed base of over 110 million vehicles that utilize our products through our global network of more than 200 distributors covering 160 countries. Our Garrett aftermarket brand has strong recognition across distributors and garages globally, and is known for boosting performance, quality and reliability. Our aftermarket business has historically provided a stable stream of revenue supported by our large installed base. As turbo penetration rates continue to increase, we expect that our installed base and aftermarket opportunity will grow.

Highly-engineered portfolio with continuous product innovation

We have led the revolution in turbocharging technology over the last 60 years and maintain a leading technology portfolio of approximately 1,600 patents and patents pending. We have a globally deployed team of more than 1,250 engineers across five R&D centers and 11 close-to-customer engineering centers. Our engineers have led the mainstream commercialization of several leading turbocharger innovations, including variable geometry turbines, dual-boost compressors, ball-bearing rotors, electrically actuated controls and air-bearing electric compressors for hydrogen fuel cells. We maintain a culture of continuous product innovation, introducing about ten new technologies per year and upgrading our existing key product lines approximately every 3 years. Outside of our turbocharger product lines, we apply this culture of continuous innovation to meet the needs of our customers in new areas, particularly in connected automotive technologies. We are developing solutions, including IVHM and cybersecurity software solutions, that leverage our knowledge of vehicle powertrains and experience working closely with OEM manufacturers.

Global and low cost manufacturing footprint with operational excellence

Our geographic footprint locates R&D, engineering and manufacturing capabilities close to our customers, enabling us to tailor technologies and products for the specific vehicle types sold in each geographic market. In all regions where we operate, we leverage low-cost sourcing through our robust supplier development program, which continually works to develop new suppliers that are able to meet our specific quality, productivity and cost requirements. We now source more than two-thirds of our materials from low-cost countries and believe our high-quality, low-cost supplier network to be a significant competitive advantage. We have invested heavily to bring differentiated local capabilities to our customers in high-growth regions, including China and India.

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In 2020 we manufactured more than 87% of our products in low-cost countries, including seven manufacturing facilities in China, India, Mexico, Romania and Slovakia. We have a long-standing culture of lean manufacturing excellence and continuous productivity improvement. We believe global uniformity and operational excellence across facilities is a key competitive advantage in our industry given that OEM engine platforms are often designed centrally but manufactured locally, requiring suppliers to meet the exact same specifications across all locations.

Our Growth Strategies

The Debtors, including Garrett, filed for relief under chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in September 2020, primarily with the intent to restructure our balance sheet. Given the Company’s operational performance prior to the Petition Date, our day-to-day operations have been largely unaffected. If we are able to timely restructure our balance sheet, and accordingly emerge from the Chapter 11 Cases, Garrett expects to continue to invest in innovative technologies that address the needs of our customers in the ongoing auto industry transformation. This continued investment into differentiated technology, coupled with our relentless focus on deep customer relations and our global capabilities, will allow us to drive the following business strategies:

Strengthen market leadership across core powertrain technologies

We are focused on strengthening our market position in light vehicles:

Strengthen our penetration of electrified vehicle boosting technologies

We stand to benefit from the increased adoption of hybrid-electric and fuel cell vehicles and the increased need for turbochargers associated with increased sales volumes for these engine types. IHS estimates that the global production of electrified vehicles will increase from approximately 7 million vehicles in 2019 to approximately 42 million vehicles by 2025, representing an annualized growth rate of approximately 34%. OEMs will need to further improve engine performance for their increasingly electrified offerings, and our comprehensive portfolio of turbocharger and electric-boosting technologies are designed to help OEMs do so. We expect to continue to invest in product innovations and new technologies and believe that we are well positioned to continue to be a technology-leader in the propulsion of electrified vehicles.

Increase market position in high-growth regions

In 2020, after a steep drop in the first quarter due to strict lockdowns, vehicle production in China has experienced a very strong rebound which has partly compensated for the decline in the first quarter, with a full year drop of 5%, compared to 20%+ in other regions. IHS expects vehicle production in China to be stable next year. We plan to continue to strengthen our relationships with OEMs in high-growth, emerging regions by demonstrating our technology leadership through our local research, development and manufacturing capabilities. Our local footprint is expected to continue to provide a strong competitive edge in high-growth regions due to our ability to work closely with OEMs throughout all stages of the product lifecycle including aftermarket support. For example, in China, our research

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center in Shanghai, our manufacturing facilities in Wuhan and Shanghai and our more than 984 employees support our differentiated end-to-end capabilities and we believe will continue to support key platform wins in the Chinese market. Our operations in China are expected to continue to benefit us as OEMs build global platforms in low cost regions. Our commitment to providing high-touch technology support to OEMs has allowed us to be recognized as a local player in other key high-growth regions, such as India.

Grow our aftermarket business

We have an opportunity to strengthen our global network of more than 200 distributors in 160 countries by deepening our channel penetration, leveraging our well-recognized Garrett brand, utilizing new online technologies for customer engagement and sales, and widening the product portfolio. For example, in 2019 we launched a global web-based platform providing self-service tools aimed at connecting garage technicians. In 2020 the platform attracted 170 thousand visitors and 22,000 registered garage technicians who used the platform to complete Garrett self-learning and certification steps.

Drive continuous product innovation across connected vehicles

We are actively investing in software and services that leverage our capabilities in powertrains, vehicle performance management, and electrical/mechanical design to capitalize on the growth relating to connected vehicles. More than 85% of passenger vehicles sold in Europe and the United States and almost 50% of vehicles sold in China in 2020 were estimated to be connected in some way to the Internet according to Strategy&, a consultancy firm. According to the same report, that number is expected to reach 100% in Europe and the United States and >90% in China by 2025. Building on the software and connected vehicle capabilities of our Former Parent, we have assembled a team of engineers, software and technical experts and have opened new design centers in North America, India and Czech Republic. We continue to conduct research to determine key areas of the market where we are best positioned to leverage our existing technology platforms and capabilities to serve our customers. We execute a portion of our connectivity investment in collaboration with OEMs and other Tier 1 suppliers and have multiple early-stage trials with customers underway.

Research, Development and Intellectual Property

We maintain technical engineering centers in major automotive production regions of the world to develop and provide advanced products, process and manufacturing support to all of our manufacturing sites, and to provide our customers with local engineering capabilities and design developments on a global basis. As of December 31, 2020, we employed approximately 1,250 engineers. Our total R&D expenses were $111 million, $129 million and $128 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Additionally, the Company incurs engineering-related expenses which are also included in Cost of goods sold of $13 million, $5 million and $10 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

We currently hold approximately 1,600 patents and patents pending. Our current patents are expected to expire between 2021 and 2040. While no individual patent or group of patents, taken alone, is considered material to our business, taken in the aggregate, these patents provide meaningful protection for our intellectual property.

Materials

The most significant raw materials we use to manufacture our products are grey iron, aluminum, stainless steel and a nickel-, iron- and chromium-based alloy. As of December 31, 2020, we have not experienced any significant shortage of raw materials and normally do not carry inventories of such raw materials in excess of those reasonably required to meet our production and shipping schedules.

Customers

Our global customer base includes nine of the ten largest light vehicle OEMs and nine of the ten largest commercial vehicle engine makers.

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Our ten largest applications in 2020 were with seven different OEMs. OEM sales were approximately 87% of our 2020 revenues while our aftermarket and other products contributed 13%.

Our largest customer is Ford Motor Company (“Ford”). In 2020, 2019 and 2018, Ford accounted for 10%, 12%, and 13%, respectively, of our total sales.

Supply Relationships with Our Customers

We typically supply products to our OEM customers through “open” purchase orders, which are generally governed by terms and conditions negotiated with each OEM. Although the terms and conditions vary from customer to customer, they typically contemplate a relationship under which our customers are not required to purchase a minimum amount of product from us. These relationships typically extend over the life of the related engine platform. Prices are negotiated with respect to each business award, which may be subject to adjustments under certain circumstances, such as commodity or foreign exchange escalation/de-escalation clauses or for cost reductions achieved by us. The terms and conditions typically provide that we are subject to a warranty on the products supplied. We may also be obligated to share in all or a part of recall costs if the OEM recalls its vehicles for defects attributable to our products.

Individual purchase orders are terminable for cause or non-performance and, in most cases, upon our insolvency and certain change of control events. In addition, many of our OEM customers have the option to terminate for convenience on certain programs, which permits our customers to impose pressure on pricing during the life of the vehicle program, and issue purchase contracts for less than the duration of the vehicle program, which potentially reduces our profit margins and increases the risk of our losing future sales under those purchase contracts. We manufacture, and ship based on customer release schedules, normally provided on a weekly basis, which can vary due to cyclical automobile production or inventory levels throughout the supply chain.

Although customer programs typically extend to future periods, and although there is an expectation that we will supply certain levels of OEM production during such future periods, customer agreements including applicable terms and conditions do not necessarily constitute firm orders. Firm orders are generally limited to specific and authorized customer purchase order releases placed with our manufacturing and distribution centers for actual production and order fulfillment. Firm orders are typically fulfilled as promptly as possible from the conversion of available raw materials, sub-components and work-in-process inventory for OEM orders and from current on-hand finished goods inventory for aftermarket orders. The dollar amount of such purchase order releases on hand and not processed at any point in time is not believed to be significant based upon the time frame involved.

Regulatory and Environmental Compliance

We are subject to the requirements of environmental and health and safety laws and regulations in each country in which we operate. These include, among other things, laws regulating air emissions, water discharge, hazardous materials and waste management. We have an environmental management structure designed to facilitate and support our compliance with these requirements globally. Although it is our intent to comply with all such requirements and regulations, we cannot provide assurance that we are at all times in compliance. Environmental requirements are complex, change frequently and have tended to become more stringent over time. Accordingly, we cannot assure that environmental requirements will not change or become more stringent over time or that our eventual environmental costs and liabilities will not be material.

Certain environmental laws assess liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous substances. At this time, we are involved in various stages of investigation and cleanup related to environmental remediation matters at certain of our present and former facilities. In addition, there may be soil or groundwater contamination at several of our properties resulting from historical, ongoing or nearby activities.

As of December 31, 2020, the undiscounted reserve for environmental investigation and remediation was approximately $15.6 million. We do not currently possess sufficient information to reasonably estimate the amounts of environmental liabilities to be recorded upon future completion of studies, litigation or settlements, and we cannot determine either the timing or the amount of the ultimate costs associated with environmental matters, which could be material to our consolidated and combined results of operations and operating cash flows in the periods recognized or

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paid. However, considering our past experience and existing reserves, we do not expect that environmental matters will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated and combined financial position.

Additionally, pursuant to the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement, Garrett ASASCO is obligated to make payments to Honeywell in amounts equal to 90% of Honeywell’s asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, primarily related to the Bendix business in the United States, as well as certain environmental-related liability payments and accounts payable and non-United States asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, in each case related to legacy elements of the Business, including the legal costs of defending and resolving such liabilities, less 90% of Honeywell’s net insurance receipts and, as may be applicable, certain other recoveries associated with such liabilities. Pursuant to the terms of this Honeywell Indemnity Agreement, Garrett ASASCO is responsible for paying to Honeywell such amounts, up to a cap of an amount equal to the Euro-to-U.S. dollar exchange rate determined by Honeywell as of a date within two business days prior to the date of the Distribution (1.16977 USD = 1 EUR) equivalent of $175 million in respect of such liabilities arising in any given calendar year. The payments that Garrett ASASCO is required to make to Honeywell pursuant to the terms of the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Honeywell Indemnity Agreement provides that the agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (x) December 31, 2048 or (y) December 31st of the third consecutive year during which certain amounts owed to Honeywell during each such year were less than $25 million as converted into Euros in accordance with the terms of the agreement. During the first quarter of 2020, Garrett ASASCO paid Honeywell the Euro-equivalent of $35 million in connection with the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement. Honeywell and Garrett agreed to defer the payment under the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement due May 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (the “Q2 Payment”), however we do not expect Garrett ASASCO to make payments to Honeywell under the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement during the pendency of the Chapter 11 Cases.

Under the terms of the PSA and the Transaction, the Plan, if confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, will include a global settlement with Honeywell providing for, among other things, (a) the full and final satisfaction, settlement, release, and discharge of all liabilities under or related to the Indemnity Agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement and (b) the dismissal with prejudice of the Honeywell Litigation in exchange for (x) a $375 million cash payment at Emergence and (y) new Series B Preferred Stock.

Human Capital

Corporate Responsibility

WeCare4 Sustainability Approach

Garrett’s mission to enable cleaner, safer vehicles is at the heart of its contribution to society. We develop solutions for the auto industry's most pressing sustainability issues, from emissions reduction to vehicle cybersecurity. Corporate responsibility is therefore a priority for the Company and its Board of Directors (the “Board”). The Board is responsible for promoting corporate responsibility and sustainability as well as monitoring adherence to Company standards. The Board manages oversight of sustainability through a Sustainability Committee, which is comprised of senior leaders in the business who assess and prioritize topics that are material for the business.

Garrett articulates its commitments to social and environmental considerations in the communities in which it operates in the Company’s Code of Business Conduct, which can be found on our website at www.garrettmotion.com under “Investors – Leadership & Governance.”

The Company intends to publish its first sustainability report in 2021 and to annually report progress on its sustainability commitments.

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Human Capital Disclosure

At Garrett, we place a high value on developing the right working environment and the right skillsets to advance our performance culture, support our growth strategy and ensure that the world at large can continue to benefit from breakthroughs in sustainable mobility. We invest in creating an inclusive, stimulating, and safe work environment where our employees can deliver their workplace best every day. As of December 31, 2020, we employed approximately 6,300 permanent employees and 2,300 temporary and contract workers globally.

Diversity, equity and inclusion

Diversity and Inclusion is one of Garrett’s four fundamentals. As such, we strive to ensure that our employees are each involved, supported, respected and connected. Embracing diverse thoughts and ideas through inclusion leads to a competitive advantage in the market, increased innovation as we generate new and better ideas, and customer-centric decision making.

For several years, the Company has supported awareness activities such as unconscious bias training and cultural adaptation assessments to foster an inclusive culture. In 2020, the Company took several steps to strengthen its approach to diversity, equity and inclusion. These include:

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% of Female Representation in Garrett Workforce and Garrett 2025 Gender Diversity Ambition:

Garrett’s Board of Directors had 38% female representation in 2020.

Talent Management

At Garrett, we encourage our employees to develop their skills and capabilities through a comprehensive Performance and Talent Management system. From annual goal-setting and performance reviews to learning opportunities for employees and leaders, Garrett helps its people align their professional experience with the Company’s business objectives and encourages them to take ownership of their development and career paths.

Our learning environment offers employees access to more than 1,000 online trainings that address a wide range of functional competencies, technical skills, and human skills. Learning can be self-paced, while Garrett’s growing online peer-to-peer learning communities also allow employees to easily access courses specific to their function and to share materials and ideas on the topics of interest. Dedicated programs support Garrett’s emerging leaders, and these were successfully transformed into virtual learning academies in 2020. Approximately 25,000 hours of training was delivered in 2020.

Garrett uses regular talent reviews to strengthen the Company’s internal development processes and to calibrate assessment of individual performance.  Twice per year we hold succession planning meetings up to and including the Executive Level during which the bench-strength of teams are scrutinized and development plans for their talent are reviewed.  Ahead of both annual and mid-year performance reviews, leaders hold calibration meetings to ensure that assessment ratings are consistent and fair amongst peer groups.

Be well, work well

Health and Safety

World-class health and safety considerations are integrated into Garrett’s procedures and processes. Our management systems apply global standards that are currently transitioning from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001 and that provide protection of human health during normal and emergency situations. Compliance with our standards and local regulatory requirements is monitored through a company-wide audit process. The timely development and implementation of process improvement and corrective action plans are closely monitored. ​​

From early 2020, Garrett’s global Health and Safety team worked tirelessly to deliver and implement best practice safety guidelines relating to COVID-19. A global safety campaign was rolled out alongside dedicated employee newsletters to support the entire workforce with rules on staying safe and healthy. An ergonomics survey for employees working from home was also deployed to evaluate and drive any corrective measures required.

The particular focus on the health of our employees to address the challenges posed by COVID-19 also provided a benefit in the focus on their safety with a further reduction in our Total Case Incident Rate (“TCIR”). TCIR is measured as the number of recordable injuries and illnesses multiplied by 200,000 and then that number is divided by the total number of hours worked by employees. TCIR decreased from 0.23 in 2018 to 0.11 in 2019 and then to 0.09 in 2020.

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Compensation and benefits

Garrett’s Rewards programs are rooted in our “Be well, work well” principle, and aim to support employees in achieving the right work-life balance. We invest significant time and resources in establishing compensation programs that are both competitive and equitable. We constantly evaluate our positions for market competitiveness and adjust when necessary with the goal of ensuring the retention of top talent and continuation of equitable pay practices.

As part of our commitment to the well-being of our employees, Garrett offers an Employee Assistance Program (EAP). It is an external counseling service designed to assist employees with personal, family, or workplace matters. This service is confidential and is also available to each employee’s dependents.

In late 2020, Garrett made a number of well-being resources available to all its connected employees, including useful links and techniques for managing mental and physical health, in addition to dedicated online events.

Employee feedback, representation, and retention

Garrett’s Performance Management system aims to ensure that two-way dialogue is ongoing between employees and managers, punctuated by both an annual and a mid-year review, which provides employees the opportunity to express their opinions and ideas in terms of their development goals and career aspirations.

In 2020, Garrett piloted its first Employee Engagement Survey with a pilot program with one third of its workforce across three continents and achieved a very strong aggregated participation rate of 91%. The Company intends to roll out the Engagement Survey globally in 2021 and to set a baseline engagement score which will be monitored bi-annually.

Garrett’s strategy is to build positive, direct, business-focused working relationships with all employees in order to drive business results. Garrett respects employees’ rights and their wish to be part of employee representative bodies including unions, work councils and employee forums. The Company understands the value of collective bargaining in its labor and employee relations strategy and the importance of trust in its working relationships. Approximately 40% of the Company’s permanent employees (including both full-time and part-time employees) are represented by unions and works councils under current collective bargaining agreements.

Garrett closely monitors employee turnover to measure retention and define improvement actions as and where necessary. As of December 2020, the Company’s annual turnover for 2020 was 9.01%.

Educating future innovators

Garrett places a high value on Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (“STEM”) research and learning opportunities that provide young people with the skills needed to develop the future of sustainable mobility. The Company sponsors higher education institutes in several countries to further critical research in technical areas and provide students with opportunities to study STEM programs.

Garrett’s Internship Programs enable students to connect theoretical knowledge with practical responsibilities in the spirit of ‘living laboratories’ during which they are encouraged to take ownership of business projects and define tactics to meet the project goals. Despite the challenging context of COVID-19, Garrett offered 100 internships in 10 countries in 2020.

Garrett also runs a Graduate Program which in 2020 provided 11 graduates in 3 countries with a unique 2-year opportunity to gain experience and exposure to Garrett’s cutting-edge technologies while at the same time building their leadership skills in a fast-paced and professional work environment.

The Company sponsors Formula SAE and Formula Student teams in several countries and in 2020 sponsored the European BEST Engineering Competition (EBEC), the biggest international technical competition in Central Europe, where Garrett defined an assignment for 24 students around the concept of sustainable Future Mobility.

Prior to COVID-19 Garrett teams regularly held open days for school children in their host communities, with a specific focus on encouraging girls to take an interest in STEM. With many host communities forced into lockdown in 2020 Garrett supported local first responders in several countries with the donation of PPE, and also provided food and sanitation products for 2,000 vulnerable families around Garrett’s Indian sites. Garrett is currently working on several projects to support distance learning in its host communities in 2021.

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Seasonality

Our business is typically moderately seasonal. Our primary North American customers historically reduce production during the month of July and halt operations for approximately one week in December; our European customers generally reduce production during the months of July and August and for one week in December; and our Chinese customers often reduce production during the period surrounding the Chinese New Year. Shut-down periods in the rest of the world generally vary by country. In addition, automotive production is traditionally reduced in the months of July, August and September due to the launch of parts production for new vehicle models. Accordingly, our results reflect this seasonality. Our sales predictability in the short term might also be impacted by sudden changes in customer demand, driven by our OEM customers’ supply chain management.

We also typically experience seasonality in cash flow, as a relatively small portion of our full year cash flow is typically generated in the first quarter of the year and a relatively large portion in the last quarter. This seasonality in cash flow is mostly caused by timing of supplier payments for capital expenditures, changes in working capital balances related to the sales seasonality discussed above, and incentive payments.

These trends were less significant during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, but we expect them to continue in the future once the pandemic is resolved.

Additional Information

Our Company was incorporated on March 14, 2018 as a Delaware corporation in connection with the Spin-Off from Honeywell, and we maintain our headquarters in Rolle, Switzerland.  For additional information regarding the Spin-Off, see “Basis of Presentation” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as all amendments and other reports filed with or furnished to the SEC, are also available free of charge on our internet site at https://www.garrettmotion.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider all of the information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and each of the risks described below, which we believe are the principal risks we face. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Other events that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Chapter 11 Cases

Our ability to successfully operate during and reorganize the Debtors in the Chapter 11 Cases is dependent upon our ability to obtain Bankruptcy Court approval of the Debtors’ motions, the outcome of Bankruptcy Court rulings and the progress of the Chapter 11 Cases in general, including the length of time the Debtors will operate in the Chapter 11 Cases.

For the duration of the Chapter 11 Cases, the Debtors are subject to the supervision of the Bankruptcy Court.  The Debtors’ ability to continue to operate in the ordinary course, and for our ability to develop and execute our business plan, continue as a going concern and ultimately successfully reorganize the Debtors, are subject to:

These risks and uncertainties could affect our business, operations, financial condition and our ultimate ability to successfully reorganize the Debtors in various ways.  For example, negative events associated with the Chapter 11 Cases could adversely affect the Debtors’ or our non-debtor affiliates’ relationships with suppliers, service providers, customers and other third parties, which in turn could materially adversely affect our operations and financial condition.  During the Chapter 11 Cases, the Debtors will need the prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court for transactions outside the ordinary course of business, which may limit the Debtors’ ability to respond timely to certain events or take advantage of opportunities. Additionally, if creditors or other third parties raise significant objections or take other actions against the Debtors before the Bankruptcy Court, this could have the effect of significantly delaying our ability to confirm and consummate the Plan and the Transaction and, to the extent applicable, to meet the milestones set forth in the RSA and the PSA, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operations, financial condition and our ultimate ability to successfully reorganize the Debtors. During the Chapter 11 Cases, we expect our financial results to continue to be volatile as restructuring activities and expenses (including legal and other advisor costs), any contract terminations and rejections, and claims assessments may significantly impact our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements. Because of the risks and uncertainties associated with the Chapter 11 Cases, we cannot accurately predict or quantify the ultimate impact of events that occur during the Chapter 11 Cases that may be inconsistent with our plans, or the ultimate length of time which the Chapter 11 Cases may continue.

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The Chapter 11 Cases, the DIP Credit Agreement and the PSA limit the flexibility of our management team in running our business.

Our Senior Secured Super-Priority Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time the “DIP Credit Agreement”) entered into in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases, imposes a number of restrictions on the Debtors. Specifically, the Debtors are subject to certain affirmative covenants, including, without limitation, covenants requiring the Debtors to provide financial information, budgets and other information to the agent and the lenders under the DIP Credit Agreement, as well as negative covenants, including, without limitation, relating to the incurrence of additional debt, liens and the making of investments and restricted payments, in each case as set forth in the DIP Credit Agreement.  Restrictions under the DIP Credit Agreement on the ability of our non-Debtor subsidiaries to incur debt, as well as on our ability to invest in our non-Debtor subsidiaries, and repay intercompany loans owing to our non-Debtor subsidiaries, could impact the availability of liquidity to our non-Debtor affiliates. The Debtors’ ability to comply with these provisions may be affected by events beyond our control and our failure to comply or obtain a waiver in the event we cannot comply, with a covenant could result in an event of default under the DIP Credit Agreement, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, continued compliance with or failure to obtain a waiver for covenants restricting the incurrence of debt by non-Debtor subsidiaries or the making of investments in, or the repayment of intercompany loans owing to, non-Debtor subsidiaries could limit the availability of liquidity to our non-Debtor affiliates, which could also adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

In addition to the restrictions applicable to the Debtors’ in the Chapter 11 Cases, we are also subject to operating covenants that apply to the Debtors under PSA. These covenants generally require us to operate in the ordinary course of business, to refrain from taking certain enumerated actions and to affirmatively take other enumerated actions.  Such covenants limit the flexibility of our management to respond to various events and circumstances that may arise from time to time, including as a result of the Chapter 11 Cases.  There can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain appropriate waivers from such covenants as may be necessary or advisable, which could adversely impact our business and operations.

We may not be able to complete any Bankruptcy Court-approved reorganization of our Company or sales of our Company or assets through the chapter 11 process, or we may not be able to realize adequate consideration for such reorganization or sales, which would adversely affect our financial condition.

The Debtors’ performance and obligations under the PSA and the ECBA are subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court and the Transaction is subject to other customary closing conditions, including receipt of regulatory approvals or clearances. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain approval and complete the proposed reorganization, or any other significant reorganization transaction, including as a result of objections from our stakeholders. Such objections from stakeholders could result from stakeholders’ preference for an alternative plan of reorganization than that contemplated by the PSA and the ECBA, such as the Atlantic Park Proposal (including with any subsequent modifications). If we are unable to complete a reorganization of the Company in the Chapter 11 Cases, including in accordance with the terms of the PSA and the ECBA, it may be necessary to seek additional funding sources, or convert from the Chapter 11 reorganization process to a Chapter 7 liquidation process. If one or more sales of the Company’s assets are completed, they may not generate the anticipated or desired outcomes (including with respect to consideration received).

For more information on the PSA and the ECBA, see Note 2, Reorganization and Chapter 11 Proceedings of the Notes to the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.

The resolution pursuant to the PSA of Honeywell’s claims against our bankruptcy estates and our litigation with Honeywell requires approval of the Bankruptcy Court.

In connection with the Spin-Off, we entered into certain agreements with Honeywell, including the Indemnity Agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement, which have given rise to significant claims by Honeywell against our bankruptcy estates and have led to litigation between us and Honeywell.

Under the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement, we are required to make cash payments to Honeywell in amounts equal to 90% of Honeywell’s asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, primarily related to Honeywell’s legacy Bendix friction materials (“Bendix”) business in the United States as well as certain environmental-related liability payments and accounts payable and non-United States asbestos-related liability payments and accounts payable, in each case related to legacy elements of our business, including the legal costs of defending and resolving such liabilities, less 90% of Honeywell’s net insurance receipts and, as may be applicable, certain other recoveries associated with such liabilities. The amount payable by us in respect of such liabilities arising in any given year will be payable in Euros, subject to a cap (denominated in Euros) equal to $175 million, calculated by reference to the Distribution Date Currency Exchange Rate. The cap is exclusive of any late payment fees up to 5% per annum.

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The Tax Matters Agreement contains covenants and indemnification obligations that address compliance with Section 355 of the Code, are intended to preserve the tax-free nature of the Spin-Off, and outline Honeywell’s and our post-spin rights, responsibilities, and obligations regarding tax-related matters (including tax liabilities, tax attributes, tax returns and tax contests). The Tax Matters Agreement provides, among other things, that, following the Spin-Off date of October 1, 2018, we are responsible and will indemnify Honeywell for all taxes, including income taxes, sales taxes, value-added and payroll taxes, relating to Garrett for all periods, including periods prior to the completion date of the Spin-Off. Additionally, the Tax Matters Agreement provides that Garrett ASASCO is to make payments to a subsidiary of Honeywell for a portion of Honeywell’s net tax liability under Section 965(h)(6)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code for mandatory transition taxes that Honeywell determined is attributable to us (the “MTT Claim”).

In December 2019, we commenced a lawsuit against Honeywell in connection with the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement for declaratory judgment, breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duties, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duties, corporate waste, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and unjust enrichment. Our lawsuit seeks, among other things, to establish that the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement is unenforceable in whole or in part because Honeywell has failed to establish the prerequisites for indemnification under New York law, and improperly seeks indemnification for amounts attributable to punitive damages and intentional misconduct.  Following the commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases, the Debtors removed the lawsuit against Honeywell to the Bankruptcy Court and also initiated litigation against Honeywell regarding the value and validity of its claims under the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement and the Tax Matters Agreement.

Under the terms of the PSA and the Transaction, the Plan, if confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, will include a global settlement with Honeywell providing for (a) the full and final satisfaction, settlement, release, and discharge of all liabilities under or related to the Indemnity Agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement and (b) the dismissal with prejudice of the Honeywell Litigation in exchange for (x) a $375 million cash payment at Emergence and (y) the Series B Preferred Stock. The Company will have the option to prepay the Series B Preferred Stock in full at any time at a call price equivalent to $584 million as of Emergence (representing the present value of the installments at a 7.25% discount rate). The Company will also have the option to make a partial payment of the Series B Preferred Stock, reducing the present value to $400 million, at any time within 18 months of Emergence. In every case the duration of future liabilities to Honeywell will be reduced from 30 years prior to the Chapter 11 filing to a maximum of nine years.

Our entry into and performance under the PSA and the terms of the PSA, the Transaction and the Plan remain subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court. There can be no assurances that we will obtain the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and consummate the Transaction.

For more information on the risks related to the approval of the Plan, see “We may not be able to complete any Bankruptcy Court-approved reorganization of our Company or sales of our Company or assets through the chapter 11 process, or we may not be able to realize adequate consideration for such reorganization or sales, which would adversely affect our financial condition”.

Operating under Bankruptcy Court protection for a long period of time may harm our business.

A long period of operations under Bankruptcy Court protection could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. During the pendency of the Chapter 11 Cases, our senior management may be required to spend a significant amount of time and effort dealing with the reorganization instead of focusing exclusively on our business operations. A prolonged period of operating under Bankruptcy Court protection also may make it more difficult to retain management and other key personnel necessary to the success and growth of our business. In addition, as the length of the Chapter 11 Cases increases, the risk that customers and suppliers will lose confidence in our ability to reorganize our business successfully may also increase, and such customers and suppliers may seek to establish alternative commercial relationships.

Delay of the Chapter 11 Cases could impact our ability to maintain our operations during the Chapter 11 Cases.

If the Chapter 11 Cases take longer than expected to conclude, the Debtors may exhaust or lose access to the DIP Term Loan Facility. Any of these factors could result in the need for substantial additional funding. A number of other factors, including the Chapter 11 Cases, our recent financial results, our substantial indebtedness and the competitive environment we face, may adversely affect the availability and terms of funding that might be available to us during the pendency of the Chapter 11 Cases. As such, we may not be able to source capital at rates acceptable to us, or at all, to fund our current operations. The inability to obtain necessary additional funding on acceptable terms could have a material adverse impact on us and on our ability to sustain our operations during the Chapter 11 Cases.

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Our ability to prosecute the Chapter 11 Cases and obtain confirmation of the Plan may be contested by third parties with litigation.

Certain of the Debtors’ creditors and other parties-in-interest may object to and commence litigation against the Debtors during the course of the Chapter 11 Cases, the outcome of which is uncertain. Such litigation may prolong the Chapter 11 Cases and may make it difficult for the Debtors to reach the contractual milestones for the case within the timeframes set out in each of the PSA and RSA.

In certain instances, a Chapter 11 proceeding may be converted to a proceeding under Chapter 7.

There can be no assurance as to whether the Debtors will successfully reorganize under the Chapter 11 Cases. If the Bankruptcy Court finds that it would be in the best interest of creditors and/or the Debtors, the Bankruptcy Court may convert the Chapter 11 Cases to proceedings under Chapter 7. In such event, a Chapter 7 trustee would be appointed or elected to liquidate the Debtors’ assets for distribution in accordance with the priorities established by the Bankruptcy Code. The Debtors believe that liquidation under Chapter 7 would result in significantly smaller distributions being made to the Debtors’ creditors than those provided for in a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization because of (i) the likelihood that the assets would have to be sold or otherwise disposed of in a disorderly fashion over a short period of time rather than reorganizing or selling in a controlled manner the Debtors’ businesses as a going concern, (ii) additional administrative expenses involved in the appointment of a Chapter 7 trustee, and (iii) additional expenses and claims, some of which would be entitled to priority, that would be generated during the liquidation and from the rejection of leases and other executory contracts in connection with a cessation of operations.

Trading in our securities during the pendency of the Chapter 11 Cases poses substantial risks.

While the proposed terms of the Transaction under the PSA contemplate the reinstatement or cash-out of the Company’s stockholders, such terms remain subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court and the Company’s stockholders are cautioned that it is possible that the Company’s stockholders will receive nothing in exchange for their common stock upon the completion of the Chapter 11 Cases and that the common stock will have no value and that trading in securities of the Company during the pendency of the Chapter 11 Cases will be highly speculative and will pose substantial risks. The delisting of our common stock from New York Stock Exchange has limited and could continue to limit the liquidity of our common stock, increase the volatility in the price of our common stock, and hinder our ability to raise capital. If the Plan is not confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, it is possible the Company’s outstanding common stock may be cancelled and extinguished upon confirmation of a different plan of reorganization by the Bankruptcy Court. In such an event, the Company’s stockholders may be entitled to receive recovery on account of their equity interests, but the amount of any such recovery is highly uncertain and there may be no such recovery. Trading prices for the Company’s common stock and other securities may bear little or no relation to actual recovery, if any, by holders thereof in the Company’s Chapter 11 Cases. Accordingly, the Company urges extreme caution with respect to existing and future investments in its securities.

Our common stock was delisted from NYSE and is currently traded on the OTC Pink Sheets market maintained by the OTC Market Group, Inc., which involves additional risks compared to being listed on a national securities exchange.

Trading in our common stock was suspended on September 21, 2020 and removed from listing on NYSE on October 19, 2020. We will not be able to relist our common stock on a national securities exchange during our Chapter 11 process, although our common stock is now quoted on the OTC Pink Sheets market maintained by the OTC Market Group, Inc. under the trading symbol “GTXMQ”. We may be unable to relist our common stock on a national securities exchange after our Emergence. The lack of listing on a national securities exchange may impair the ability of holders of our common stock to sell their shares at the time they wish to sell them or at a price that they consider reasonable. The lack of listing on a national securities exchange may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our common stock. Furthermore, because of the limited market and generally low volume of trading in our common stock, the price of our common stock could be more likely to be affected by broad market fluctuations, general market conditions, fluctuations in our operating results, changes in the markets’ perception of our business, and announcements made by us, our competitors, parties with whom we have business relationships or third parties with interests in the Chapter 11 Cases.

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Risks Relating to Our Business

Industry and economic conditions may adversely affect the markets and operating conditions of our customers, which in turn can affect demand for our products and services and our results of operations.

We are dependent on the continued growth, viability and financial stability of our customers. A substantial portion of our customers are OEMs in the automotive industry. This industry is subject to rapid technological change often driven by regulatory changes, vigorous competition, short product life cycles and cyclical and reduced consumer demand patterns. In addition to general economic conditions, automotive sales and automotive vehicle production also depend on other factors, such as supplier stability, factory transitions, capacity constraints, the costs and availability of consumer credit, consumer confidence and consumer preferences. When our customers are adversely affected by these factors, we may be similarly affected to the extent that our customers reduce the volume of orders for our products. Economic declines and corresponding reductions in automotive sales and production by our customers, particularly with respect to light vehicles, have in the past had, and may in the future have, a significant adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Even if overall automotive sales and production remain stable, changes in regulations and consumer preferences may shift consumer demand away from the types of vehicles we prioritize or towards the types of vehicles where our products generate smaller profit margins. A decrease in consumer demand for the specific types of vehicles that have traditionally included our turbocharger products, such as a decrease in demand for diesel-fueled vehicles in favor of gasoline-fueled vehicles, or lower-than-expected consumer demand for specific types of vehicles where we anticipate providing significant components as part of our strategic growth plan, such as a decrease in demand for vehicles utilizing electric-hybrid and fuel cell powertrains in favor of full battery electric vehicles, could have a significant effect on our business. If we are unable to anticipate significant changes in consumer sentiment, or if consumer demand for certain vehicle types changes more than we expect, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Sales in our aftermarket operations are also directly related to consumer demand and spending for automotive aftermarket products, which may be affected by additional factors such as the average useful life of OEM parts and components, severity of regional weather conditions, highway and roadway infrastructure deterioration and the average number of miles vehicles are driven by owners. Improvements in technology and product quality are extending the longevity of vehicle component parts, which may result in delayed or reduced aftermarket sales. Our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected if we fail to respond in a timely and appropriate manner to changes in the demand for our aftermarket products.

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted and is expected to further adversely impact our business and results of operations.

During 2020, the novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, spread across the world, including throughout Asia, the United States and Europe. The outbreak and government measures taken in response had and continue to have a significant adverse impact, both direct and indirect, on our businesses and the economy. Our manufacturing facility in Wuhan, China was shut down for six weeks in February and March 2020 and we saw diminished production in our Shanghai, China facility for that same time period, which were the primary drivers of the decrease in sales in the Asia region during the three months ended March 31, 2020. While our facilities in China re-opened in the second quarter, our manufacturing facilities in Mexicali, Mexico and Pune, India were shut down and our manufacturing facilities in Europe operated at reduced capacity. This significantly reduced our production volumes and had a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In the third quarter, the fast recovery observed in all geographies enabled us to ramp up production in most of our production sites to normal levels. This recovery continued in the fourth quarter with a very strong demand especially in China and Europe. However, if the COVID-19 pandemic drives new lockdown measures impacting our manufacturing facilities, our facilities may be forced to shut down or operate at reduced capacity again which will continue to negatively impact our revenues. We have also faced limitations on our employee resources, including because of stay-at-home orders from local governments, new Paid Time Off policies, employee furloughs, state-funded layoffs, sickness of employees or their families or the desire of employees to avoid contact with large groups of people. The pandemic has also diverted management resources and the prolonged work-from-home arrangements have created business continuity and cybersecurity risks.

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Certain of our customers have been similarly affected and are experiencing closures and labor shortages. As a result of such closures, we have experienced weakened demand from our customers, who have not been able to accept orders or have delayed or canceled orders, which has negatively affected our revenues. If this trend continues, our revenues will continue to be negatively impacted.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to rapidly evolve. The extent to which the outbreak impacts our business, liquidity and financial results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, such as the availability and effectiveness of any vaccines or treatments, the duration of the pandemic, travel restrictions and social distancing in the European Union, China and other countries, the duration and extent of business closures or business disruptions and the effectiveness of actions taken to contain the disease. If we or our customers experience prolonged shutdowns or other business disruptions beyond current expectations, our ability to conduct our business in the manner and within planned timelines could be materially and adversely impacted, and our business and financial results may continue to be adversely affected.

Our leveraged capital structure and liabilities to Honeywell may pose significant challenges to our overall strategic and financial flexibility and have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity position and financial position.

Our leverage ratio remains high and, unless addressed in the Chapter 11 Cases, we expect that it will remain so for at least the next several quarters.

This high leverage is exacerbated by Garrett ASASCO’s purported significant liabilities and obligations to Honeywell under the Honeywell Indemnity Agreement and the tax matters agreement with Honeywell, dated September 12, 2018 (the “Tax Matters Agreement”). Under the terms of the PSA and the Transaction, the Plan, if confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, will include a global settlement with Honeywell providing for (a) the full and final satisfaction, settlement, release, and discharge of all liabilities under or related to the Indemnity Agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement and (b) the dismissal with prejudice of the Honeywell Litigation in exchange for (x) a $375 million cash payment at Emergence and (y) the Series B Preferred Stock. The terms of the PSA, the Transaction and the Plan remain subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court. There can be no assurances that we will obtain the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and consummate the Transaction.

Our current leveraged capital structure poses significant challenges to our overall strategic and financial flexibility and may impair our ability to gain or hold market share in the highly competitive automotive supply market. This leverage may be greater than that of some of our competitors, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage. In addition, our business has been and may continue to be significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and related response measures, which has had adverse consequences for our leverage. See “The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted and is expected to further adversely impact our business and results of operations.” above for more information. The COVID-19 pandemic and related response measures may continue to have an impact, and if we are unable to manage through these challenges, our leverage ratio, capital structure or liquidity may be further adversely effected. On September 20, 2020, the Debtors filed the Chapter 11 Cases in order to address this leveraged capital structure. However, because of the risks and uncertainties associated with the Chapter 11 Cases, we cannot accurately predict or quantify the ultimate impact of events that occur during the Chapter 11 Cases on our leverage, capital structure, liabilities or liquidity position, and we may not be successful in addressing these challenges through or following the Chapter 11 Cases. See risks related to the Chapter 11 Cases above for more information.

Changes in legislation or government regulations or policies can have a significant impact on demand for our products and our results of operations.

The sales and margins of our business are directly impacted by government regulations, including safety, performance and product certification regulations, particularly with respect to emissions, fuel economy and energy efficiency standards for motor vehicles. Increased public awareness and concern regarding global climate change may result in more regional and/or federal requirements to reduce or mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. While such requirements can promote increased demand for our turbochargers and other products, several markets in which we operate are undertaking efforts to more strictly regulate or ban vehicles powered by certain older-generation diesel engines. If such efforts are pursued more broadly throughout the market than we have anticipated, such efforts may impact demand for our aftermarket products and consequently affect our results of operations.

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In the long-term, several of the markets in which we operate are contemplating or undertaking multi-decade efforts to transition away from internal combustion engines in favor of hybrid or full-battery electric vehicles.

Although we expect a significant number of hybrids will be turbocharged, if we overestimate the turbo penetration rate in hybrids or if a transition to battery-electric vehicles is pursued more broadly throughout the market, or is implemented more rapidly than we have anticipated, the demand for our products could be impacted and our results of operations consequently could be affected. This is a risk existing in particular in Europe. In the US, with the change in presidential administration, we expect to see a move to adoption of new environmental regulations, which presents similar risks as in Europe in the long-term, depending on how regulatory targets for fuel efficiency and emissions in the 2025-30 timeframe will be set.

Our future growth is largely dependent upon our ability to develop new technologies and introduce new products with acceptable margins that achieve market acceptance or correctly anticipate regulatory changes.

The global automotive component supply industry is highly competitive. Our future growth rate depends upon a number of factors, including our ability to: (i) identify emerging technological trends in our target end-markets; (ii) develop and maintain competitive products; (iii) enhance our products by adding innovative features that differentiate our products from those of our competitors; (iv) develop, manufacture and bring compelling new products to market quickly and cost effectively; and (v) attract, develop and retain individuals with the requisite technical expertise and understanding of customers’ needs to develop new technologies and introduce new products.

We have identified a trend towards increased development and adoption by OEMs of hybrid-electric powertrains, fuel cell powertrains and associated electric boosting technologies, especially on commercial vehicle applications, as pure battery-electric vehicles continue to face range, charging time and sustainability issues on those applications. Our results of operations could be adversely affected if our estimates regarding adoption and penetration rates for hybrid-electric and fuel cell powertrains or for pure battery electric cars are incorrect.

Failure to protect our intellectual property or allegations that we have infringed the intellectual property of others could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, tradenames, trade secrets and other proprietary rights, as well as contractual arrangements, including licenses, to establish, maintain and protect our intellectual property rights. Effective intellectual property protection may not be available, or we may not be able to acquire or maintain appropriate registered or unregistered intellectual property, in every country in which we do business. Furthermore, in some areas of our business the established industry maturity of product technology may leave limited opportunity for new intellectual property to differentiate our products. Accordingly, our intellectual property may not be sufficient on its own to provide us a strong product differentiation and competitive advantage, which in turn could weaken our ability to secure business awards from our customers and/or our ability to achieve targeted product profitability.

The protection of our intellectual property may require us to spend significant amounts of money. Further, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property may not adequately protect our rights or prevent others from infringing, violating or misappropriating our intellectual proprietary rights. Any impairment of our intellectual property rights, including due to changes in U.S. or foreign intellectual property laws or the absence of effective legal protections or enforcement measures, could adversely impact our businesses, financial condition and results of operations.

International technical export control regulations and trade conflicts may limit our ability to use certain intellectual property in our products in some regions of the world or customers may require assured access to intellectual property through open source-code, joint ownership of intellectual property, free license, or other measures.  These constraints could cause us difficulty in securing business awards from our customers, protecting our competitive technology differentiation, and/or our ability to achieve targeted product profitability.

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In addition, as we adopt new technology, we face an inherent risk of exposure to the claims of others that we have allegedly violated their intellectual property rights. Successful claims that we infringe on the intellectual property rights of others could require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements on unfavorable terms or cause us to incur substantial monetary liability. We may also be prohibited preliminarily or permanently from further use of the intellectual property in question or be required to change our business practices to stop the infringing use, which could limit our ability to compete effectively. In addition, our customer agreements may require us to indemnify the customer for infringement. The time and expense of defending against these claims, whether meritorious or not, may have a material and adverse impact on our profitability, can be time-consuming and costly and may divert management’s attention and resources away from our businesses. Furthermore, the publicity we may receive as a result of infringing intellectual property rights may damage our reputation and adversely impact our existing customer relationships and our ability to develop new business.

We may incur material losses and costs as a result of warranty claims, including product recalls, and product liability actions that may be brought against us.

Depending on the terms under which we supply products to an auto manufacturer, we may be required to guarantee or offer warranties for our products and to bear the costs of recalls, repair or replacement of such products pursuant to new vehicle warranties. There can be no assurance that we will have adequate reserves to cover such recall, repair and replacement costs. In the event that any of our products fails to perform as expected, we may face direct exposure to warranty and product liability claims or may be required to participate in a government or self-imposed recall involving such products. Our customers that are not end users, such as auto manufacturers, may face similar claims or be obliged to conduct recalls of their own, and in such circumstances, they may seek contribution from us. Our agreements with our customers do not always include limitation of liability clauses or, in certain situations or legal jurisdictions, such limitation of liability clauses may not be fully valid. If any such claims or contribution requests exceed our available insurance, or if there is a product recall, there could be a material adverse impact on our results of operations. In addition, a recall claim could require us to review our entire product portfolio to assess whether similar issues are present in other product lines, which could result in significant disruption to our business and could have a further adverse impact on our results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will not experience any material warranty or product liability claim losses in the future or that we will not incur significant costs to defend such claims.

The operational constraints and financial distress of third parties could adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be adversely affected if our third-party suppliers lack sufficient quality control or if there are significant changes in their financial or business condition. If our third-party manufacturers fail to deliver products, parts and components of sufficient quality on time and at reasonable prices, we could have difficulties fulfilling our orders on similar terms or at all, sales and profits could decline, and our commercial reputation could be damaged. See “Raw material price fluctuations, the ability of key suppliers to meet quality and delivery requirements, or catastrophic events can increase the cost of our products and services, impact our ability to meet commitments to customers and cause us to incur significant liabilities.” If we fail to adequately assess the creditworthiness and operational reliability of existing or future suppliers, if there is any unanticipated deterioration in their creditworthiness and operational reliability, or if our suppliers do not perform or adhere to our existing or future contractual arrangements, any resulting increase in nonperformance by them, our inability to otherwise obtain the supplies or our inability to enforce the terms of the contract or seek other remedies could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Work stoppages, other disruptions, or the need to relocate any of our facilities could significantly disrupt our business.

Our geographic footprint emphasizes locating, engineering and manufacturing capabilities in close physical proximity to our customers, thereby enabling us to adopt technologies and products for the specific vehicle types sold in each geographic market. Because our facilities offer localized services in this manner, a work stoppage or other disruption at one or more of our R&D, engineering or manufacturing and assembly facilities in a given region could have material adverse effects on our business, especially insofar as it impacts our ability to serve customers in that region. For example, our manufacturing facility in Wuhan, China was shut down in 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak, causing us to delay certain shipments to our customers. Moreover, due to unforeseen circumstances or factors beyond our control, we may be forced to relocate our operations from one or more of our existing facilities to new facilities and may incur substantial costs, experience program delays and sacrifice proximity to customers and geographic markets as a result, potentially for an extended period of time.

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The automotive industry relies heavily on “just-in-time” delivery of components during the assembly and manufacture of vehicles, and when we fail to make timely deliveries in accordance with our contractual obligations, we generally have to absorb our own costs for identifying and solving the “root cause” problem as well as expeditiously producing replacement components or products. We typically must also carry the costs associated with “catching up,” such as overtime and premium freight. Additionally, if we are the cause for a customer being forced to halt production, the customer may seek to recoup all of its losses and expenses from us. These losses and expenses could be significant, and may include consequential losses such as lost profits.

In addition, a significant disruption in the supply of a key component due to a work stoppage or other disruption at one of our suppliers or any other supplier could impact our ability to make timely deliveries to our customers and, accordingly, have a material adverse effect on our financial results. Where a customer halts production because of another supplier failing to deliver on time, or as a result of a work stoppage or other disruption, it is unlikely we will be fully compensated, if at all.

We may not realize sales represented by awarded business or effectively utilize our manufacturing capacity.

When we win a bid to offer products and services to an OEM customer, the customer typically does not commit to award us its business until a separate contract has been negotiated, generally with a term ranging from one year to the life of the model (usually three to seven years). Once business has been awarded, the OEM customer typically retains the ability to terminate the arrangement without penalty and does not commit to purchase a minimum volume of products while the contract is in effect.

In light of the foregoing, while we estimate awarded business using certain assumptions, including projected future sales volumes, the volume and timing of sales to our customers may vary due to: variation in demand for our customers’ products; our customers’ attempts to manage their inventory; design changes; changes in our customers’ manufacturing strategy; the success of customers’ goods and models; and acquisitions of or consolidations among customers. A significant decrease in demand for certain key models or a group of related models sold by any of our major customers, or the ability of a manufacturer to re-source and discontinue purchasing from us its requirements for a particular model or group of models, could have a material adverse effect on us. In particular, we may be unable to forecast the level of customer orders with sufficient certainty to allow us to optimize production schedules and maximize utilization of manufacturing capacity. Any excess capacity would cause us to incur increased fixed costs in our products relative to the net revenue we generate, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, particularly during economic downturns. Similarly, a significant failure or inability to adapt to increased production or desired inventory levels (including as a result of accelerated launch schedules for new automobile and truck platforms), comply with customer specifications and manufacturing requirements more generally or respond to other unexpected fluctuations, as well as any delays or other problems with existing or new products (including program launch difficulties) could result in financial penalties, increased costs, loss of sales, loss of customers or potential breaches of customer contracts, which could have an adverse effect on our profitability and results of operations.

If actual production orders from our customers are not consistent with the projections we use in calculating the amount of our awarded business, or if we are unable to improve utilization levels for manufacturing lines that consequently are underutilized and correctly manage capacity, the increased expense levels will have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and we could realize substantially less revenue over the life of these projects than the currently projected estimate.

We may not be able to successfully negotiate pricing terms with our customers, which may adversely affect our results of operations.

We negotiate sales prices annually with our automotive customers. Our customer supply agreements generally require step-downs in component pricing over the period of production. In addition, our customers often reserve the right to terminate their supply contracts at any time, which enhances their ability to obtain price reductions. OEMs have also exercised significant influence over their suppliers, including us, because the automotive component supply industry is highly competitive and serves a limited number of customers. Based on these factors, our status as a Tier I supplier (one that supplies vehicle components directly to manufacturers) and the fact that our customers’ product programs typically last a number of years and are anticipated to encompass large volumes, our customers are able to negotiate favorable pricing, and any cost-cutting initiatives that our customers adopt generally will result in increased downward pressure on our pricing. Any resulting impacts to our sales levels and margins, or the failure of our technologies or products to gain market acceptance due to more attractive offerings by our competitors, could over time significantly reduce our revenues and adversely affect our competitive standing and prospects. In particular, large commercial settlements with our customers may adversely affect our results of operations.

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We are subject to the economic, political, regulatory, foreign exchange and other risks of international operations.

We have created a geographic footprint that emphasizes locating R&D, engineering and manufacturing capabilities in close physical proximity to our customers. Our international geographic footprint subjects us to many risks, including: exchange control regulations; wage and price controls; antitrust and environmental regulations; employment regulations; foreign investment laws; monetary and fiscal policies and protectionist measures that may prohibit acquisitions or joint ventures, establish local content requirements, or impact trade volumes; import, export and other trade restrictions (such as embargoes); violations by our employees of anti-corruption laws; changes in regulations regarding transactions with state-owned enterprises; nationalization of private enterprises; natural and man-made disasters, hazards and losses; global health risks and pandemics; backlash from foreign labor organizations related to our restructuring actions; violence, civil and labor unrest; acts of terrorism; and our ability to hire and maintain qualified staff and maintain the safety of our employees in these regions. Additionally, certain of the markets in which we operate have adopted increasingly strict data privacy and data protection requirements or may require local storage and processing of data or similar requirements. The European Commission has approved a data protection regulation, known as the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), that came into force in May 2018. The GDPR includes operational requirements for companies that receive or process personal data of residents of the European Union and includes significant penalties for non-compliance. The GDPR and similar data protection measures may increase the cost and complexity of our ability to deliver our services.

Following the U.K.’s withdrawal from the European Union on January 31, 2020, the U.K. entered into a transition period during which it continued its ongoing and complex negotiations with the European Union relating to the future trading relationship between the U.K. and European Union. The transition period ended on December 31, 2020, before which the United Kingdom and the European Commission reached an agreement on the future trading relationship between the parties (the “UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement” OR “TCA”). On December 30, 2020 the U.K. Parliament approved the European (Future Relationship) Bill, thereby ratifying the TCA. The TCA is subject to formal approval by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union before it comes into effect and has been applied provisionally since January 1, 2021. Significant political and economic uncertainty remains about whether the terms of the relationship will differ materially from the terms before withdrawal. Our manufacturing operations in Cheadle and the businesses of our customers and suppliers could be negatively impacted if tariffs or other restrictions are imposed on the free flow of goods to and from the U.K. Trade tensions between the United States and China, and other countries have escalated in recent years. Any U.S. tariff impositions against Chinese exports have generally been followed by retaliatory Chinese tariffs on U.S. exports to China. We may not be able to mitigate the impacts of any future tariffs, and our business, results of operations and financial position would be materially adversely affected by such tariffs. Further changes in U.S. trade policies, tariffs, taxes, export restrictions or other trade barriers, or restrictions on raw materials or components may limit our ability to produce products, increase our manufacturing costs, decrease our profit margins, reduce the competitiveness of our products, or inhibit our ability to sell products or purchase raw materials or components, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. These and other instabilities and uncertainties arising from the global geopolitical environment, along with the cost of compliance with increasingly complex and often conflicting regulations worldwide, can impair our flexibility in modifying product, marketing, pricing or other strategies for growing our businesses, as well as our ability to improve productivity and maintain acceptable operating margins.

As a result of our global presence, a significant portion of our revenues are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar whereas a significant amount of our payment obligations are denominated in U.S. dollars, which exposes us to foreign exchange risk. We monitor and seek to reduce such risk through hedging activities; however, foreign exchange hedging activities bear a financial cost and may not always be available to us or be successful in eliminating such volatility.

Finally, we generate significant amounts of cash that is invested with financial and non-financial counterparties. While we employ comprehensive controls regarding global cash management to guard against cash or investment loss and to ensure our ability to fund our operations and commitments, a material disruption to the counterparties with whom we transact business could expose us to financial loss.

We have invested substantial resources in specific foreign markets where we expect growth and we may be unable to timely alter our strategies should such expectations not be realized.

We have identified certain countries, such as China and India, as key high-growth geographic markets. We believe these markets are likely to experience substantial long-term growth, and accordingly have made and expect to continue to make substantial investments in numerous manufacturing operations, technical centers, R&D activities and other infrastructure to support anticipated growth in these areas. If market demand for evolving vehicle technologies in these regions does not grow as quickly as we anticipate, or if we are unable to deepen existing and develop additional customer relationships in these regions, we may fail to realize expected rates of return, or even incur losses, on our

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existing investments and may be unable to timely redeploy the invested capital to take advantage of other markets or product categories, potentially resulting in lost market share to our competitors. In particular, our ability to remain competitive and continue to grow in these regions depends in part on the absence of competing state-sponsored domestic businesses. If a state-sponsored operation entered a local market as a competitor, it might have access to significant social and financial capital that would enable it to overcome the ordinary barriers to entry in the turbocharger industry and acquire potentially significant market share at our expense.

We could be adversely affected by our leading market position in certain markets.

We believe that we are a market leader in the turbocharger industry in many of the markets in which we operate. Although we believe we have acted properly in the markets in which we have significant market share, we could face allegations of abuse of our market position or of collusion with other market participants, which could result in negative publicity and adverse regulatory action by the relevant authorities, including the imposition of monetary fines, all of which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

A deterioration in industry, economic or financial conditions may restrict our ability to access the capital markets on favorable terms.

We may require additional capital in the future to finance our growth and development, upgrade and improve our manufacturing capabilities, implement further marketing and sales activities, fund ongoing R&D activities, satisfy regulatory and environmental compliance obligations, satisfy indemnity obligations to Honeywell, and meet general working capital needs. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including acceptance of and demand for our products, the extent to which we invest in new technology and R&D projects and the status and timing of these developments. If our access to capital were to become constrained significantly, or if costs of capital increased significantly, due to lowered credit ratings, prevailing industry conditions, the solvency of our customers, a material decline in demand for our products, the volatility of the capital markets or other factors, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected. These conditions may adversely affect our ability to obtain targeted credit ratings.

We may need additional capital resources in the future in order to meet our projected operating needs, capital expenditures and other cash requirements, and if we are unable to obtain sufficient resources for our operating needs, capital expenditures and other cash requirements for any reason, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Raw material price fluctuations, the ability of key suppliers to meet quality and delivery requirements, or catastrophic events can increase the cost of our products and services, impact our ability to meet commitments to customers and cause us to incur significant liabilities.

The cost and availability of raw materials (including, but not limited to, grey iron, aluminum, stainless steel and a nickel, iron and chromium-based alloy) is a key element in the cost of our products. Our inability to offset material price inflation through increased prices to customers, formula or long-term fixed price contracts with suppliers, productivity actions or through commodity hedges could adversely affect our results of operations.

We obtain components and other products and services from numerous suppliers and other vendors throughout the world. Many major components and product equipment items are procured or subcontracted on a single- or sole-source basis. Although we believe that sources of supply for raw materials and components are generally adequate, it is difficult to predict what effects shortages or price increases may have in the future. Short- or long-term capacity constraints or financial distress at any point in our supply chain could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our financial performance, particularly when the affected suppliers and vendors are the sole sources of products that we require or that have unique capabilities, or when our customers have directed us to use those specific suppliers and vendors. Our ability to manage inventory and meet delivery requirements may be constrained by our suppliers’ inability to scale production and adjust delivery of long-lead time products during times of volatile demand. Our inability to fill our supply needs would jeopardize our ability to fulfill obligations under commercial contracts, and could result in reduced sales and profits, contract penalties or terminations, and damage to customer relationships.

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Failure to increase productivity through sustainable operational improvements, as well as an inability to successfully execute repositioning projects or to effectively manage our workforce, may reduce our profitability or adversely impact our business.

Our profitability and margin growth are dependent upon our ability to drive sustainable improvements. In addition, we seek productivity and cost savings benefits through repositioning actions and projects, such as consolidation of manufacturing facilities, transitions to cost-competitive regions, workforce reductions, asset impairments, product line rationalizations and other cost-saving initiatives. Risks associated with these actions include delays in execution of the planned initiatives, additional unexpected costs, realization of fewer than estimated productivity improvements and adverse effects on employee morale. We may not realize the full operational or financial benefits we expect, the recognition of these benefits may be delayed and these actions may potentially disrupt our operations. In addition, organizational changes, attrition, labor relations difficulties, or workforce stoppage could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position and results of operations.

Our operations and the prior operations of predecessor companies expose us to the risk of material environmental liabilities.

We are subject to potentially material liabilities related to the investigation and cleanup of environmental hazards and to claims of personal injuries or property damages that may arise from hazardous substance releases and exposures. We are also subject to potentially material liabilities related to the compliance of our operations with the requirements of various federal, state, local and foreign governments that regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and the generation, handling, storage, treatment and disposal of and exposure to hazardous substances. If we are found to be in violation of these laws and regulations, we may be subject to substantial fines and criminal sanctions and be required to install costly equipment or make operational changes to achieve compliance with such laws and regulations. In addition, changes in laws, regulations or government enforcement of policies concerning the environment, the discovery of previously unknown contamination or new information related to individual contaminated sites, the establishment of stricter state or federal toxicity standards with respect to certain contaminants, or the imposition of new clean-up requirements or remedial techniques, could require us to incur additional currently unanticipated costs in the future that would have a negative effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of litigation matters, government proceedings and other contingencies and uncertainties.

We are or may be party to a number of lawsuits, investigations and disputes (some of which involve substantial amounts claimed) arising out of our current and historical business, including matters relating to our Honeywell Indemnity Agreement, commercial transactions, product liability (including legacy asbestos claims involving the friction materials legacy business), prior acquisitions and divestitures, employment, employee benefits plans, intellectual property, antitrust, import and export, and environmental, health and safety matters, as well as securities litigation, tax proceedings and litigation related to our debt. For additional information regarding our pending legal proceedings, see Part I, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings”. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of legal proceedings or contingencies. The costs incurred in litigation can be substantial and result in the diversion of management’s attention and resources.

We may also make certain commitments, including representations, warranties and indemnities relating to current and past operations, including those related to divested businesses, and issue guarantees of third-party obligations. Our potential liabilities are subject to change over time due to new developments, changes in settlement strategy or the impact of evidentiary requirements, and we may become subject to or be required to pay damage awards or settlements that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. If we were required to make payments, such payments could be significant and could exceed the amounts we have accrued with respect thereto, adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations. While we maintain insurance for certain risks, the amount of our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover the total amount of all insured claims and liabilities. The incurrence of significant liabilities for which there is no or insufficient insurance coverage could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows, liquidity and financial condition.

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We depend on the recruitment and retention of qualified personnel, and our failure to attract and retain such personnel could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Due to the complex nature of our business, our future performance is highly dependent upon the continued services of our key engineering personnel, scientists and executive officers, the development of additional management personnel and the hiring of new qualified engineering, manufacturing, marketing, sales and management personnel for our operations. Competition for qualified personnel in our industry is intense, and we may not be successful in attracting or retaining qualified personnel. The loss of key employees, our inability to attract new qualified employees or adequately train employees, or the delay in hiring key personnel, could negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our U.S. and non-U.S. tax liabilities are dependent, in part, upon the distribution of income among various jurisdictions in which we operate.

Our future results of operations could be adversely affected by changes in the effective tax rate as a result of a change in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in tax laws, regulations and judicial rulings (or changes in the interpretation thereof), changes in generally accepted accounting principles, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, the results of audits and examinations of previously filed tax returns and continuing assessments of our tax exposures and various other governmental enforcement initiatives. Our tax expense includes estimates of tax reserves and reflects other estimates and assumptions, including assessments of our future earnings which could impact the valuation of our deferred tax assets. Changes in tax laws or regulations, including multi-jurisdictional changes enacted in response to the guidelines provided by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development to address base erosion and profit shifting, will increase tax uncertainty and may adversely impact our provision for income taxes.

Because we have officers and directors who live outside of the United States, you may have no effective recourse against them for misconduct and may not be able to receive compensation for damages to the value of your investment caused by wrongful actions by our directors and officers.

We have officers and directors who live outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to enforce within the U.S. any judgments obtained against those officers and directors or obtain judgments against them outside of the U.S. that are based on the civil liability provisions of the federal or state securities laws of the U.S. Investors may not be able to receive compensation for damages to the value of their investment caused by wrongful actions by our directors and officers.

Our emerging opportunities in technology, products and services depend in part on intellectual property and technology licensed from third parties.

A number of our emerging opportunities in technology, products and services rely on key technologies developed or licensed from third parties. While the majority of our current product offerings are not covered by third-party licenses, many of our emerging technology offerings that we are developing use software components or other intellectual property licensed from third parties, including both through proprietary and open source licenses. Should such emerging products become a significant part of our product offerings, our reliance on third-party licenses may present various risks to our business. These third-party software components may become obsolete, defective or incompatible with future versions of our emerging technology offerings, our relationship with these third parties may deteriorate, or our agreements with these third parties may expire or be terminated. We may face legal or business disputes with licensors that may threaten or lead to the disruption of inbound licensing relationships. In order to remain in compliance with the terms of our licenses, we must carefully monitor and manage our use of third-party components, including both proprietary and open source license terms that may require the licensing or public disclosure of our intellectual property without compensation or on undesirable terms. Additionally, some of these licenses may not be available for use in the future on terms that may be acceptable or that allow our emerging product offerings to remain competitive. Our inability to obtain licenses or rights on favorable terms could have a material effect on our emerging technology offerings. Moreover, it is possible that as a consequence of a future merger or acquisition we may be involved in, third parties may obtain licenses to some of our intellectual property rights or our business may be subject to certain restrictions that were not in place prior to such transaction. Because the availability and cost from third parties depends upon the willingness of third parties to deal with us on the terms we request, there is a risk that third parties who license our competitors will either refuse to license us at all, or refuse to license us on terms equally favorable to those granted to our competitors. Consequently, we may lose a competitive advantage with respect to these intellectual property rights or we may be required to enter into costly arrangements in order to obtain these rights.

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Risks Relating to the Spin-Off and our Separation from Honeywell

If the Spin-Off were determined not to qualify as tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we could have an indemnification obligation to Honeywell, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If, as a result of any of our representations being untrue or our covenants being breached, the Spin-Off were determined not to qualify for non-recognition of gain or loss under Section 355 and related provisions of the Code, we could be required to indemnify Honeywell for the resulting taxes and related expenses. Further, if any pre-spin restructuring activities that were initiated by Honeywell were determined to be taxable and benefit the Company, we could be required to indemnify Honeywell. Those amounts could be material. Any such indemnification obligation could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.