GENCO SHIPPING & TRADING LTD - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
FORM 10-K
ý Annual Report Pursuant
to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934
For the fiscal year ended December
31, 2007
o Transition Report
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of
1934
for the transition period from
to
Commission file number
000-51442
GENCO SHIPPING & TRADING
LIMITED
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Republic of the Marshall
Islands
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98-043-9758
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(State
or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S.
Employer
|
incorporation
or organization)
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Identification
No.)
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|
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299 Park Avenue, 20th Floor, New
York, New York
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10171
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(Address
of principal executive office)
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(Zip
Code)
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Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (646) 443-8550
Securities
of the Registrant registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of
Each Class
Common Stock, par value $.01 per
share
Name of
Each Exchange on Which Registered
New York Stock
Exchange
Securities
of the Registrant registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the
registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the
Securities Act.
Yes ý No o
Indicated by check mark if the
registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No ý
Indicate by checkmark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90
days.
Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of
delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III
of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Yes ý No o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of
“accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act.
Large
accelerated filer ý Accelerated
filer o Non-accelerated
filer o
Indicate
by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Act).
Yes o No ý
The aggregate market value of the
registrant's voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant on
the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal
quarter, computed by reference to the last sale price of such stock of $41.26
per share as of June 30, 2007 on the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately
$732.6 million. The registrant has no non-voting common equity issued and
outstanding. The determination of affiliate status for purposes of this
paragraph is not necessarily a conclusive determination for any other
purpose.
The
number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of February 29,
2008 was 29,078,309 shares.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of our Proxy Statement for the
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 2007, are
incorporated by reference in Part III herein.
PART I
ITEM 1.
BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
We are a New York City-based company,
incorporated in the Marshall Islands in 2004. We transport iron ore, coal,
grain, steel products and other drybulk cargoes along worldwide shipping routes.
Our fleet currently consists of 28 drybulk carriers, 14 of which we acquired
from a subsidiary of The China National Cereals Oil and Foodstuffs Corp., or
COFCO, a Chinese conglomerate, in December 2004 and during the first six
months of 2005. The Genco Muse was acquired in October 2005 from Western Bulk
Carriers, and in November 2006, we took delivery of three drybulk vessels from
affiliates of Franco Compania Naviera S.A. In July 2007, we entered
into an agreement to acquire nine Capesize vessels from companies within the
Metrostar Management Corporation group for a net purchase price of $1,111
million. The Company took delivery of four of these vessels in the
second half of 2007 and the Genco Constantine in February 2008. In
August 2007, the Company also agreed to acquire six drybulk vessels (three
Supramax and three Handysize) from affiliates of Evalend Shipping Co. S.A. for a
net purchase price of $336 million. The Company took delivery of five
of these vessels in December 2007 and the sixth vessel in January
2008. During 2007, the Company sold the Genco Glory and the Genco
Commander and realized a gain of $27 million. During February 2008,
the Genco Trader was sold to SW Shipping Co., Ltd. for $44 million, less a 2%
third party brokerage commission. All of the vessels in our
fleet are on time charter contracts, with an average remaining life of
approximately 19.9 months as of February 26, 2008. All of our vessels are
chartered to reputable charterers, including Lauritzen Bulkers A/S, or Lauritzen
Bulkers, Cargill International S.A., or Cargill, NYK Bulkship Europe, or NYK
Europe, Korea Line Corporation, or KLC, A/S Klaveness,
2
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd. or Pacbasin, SK Shipping Ltd. or SK, STX Panocean (UK) Co.
Ltd. or STX, and Hyundai Merchant Marine Co. Ltd., or HMMC.
We intend to continue to grow our fleet
through timely and selective acquisitions of vessels in a manner that is
accretive to our cash flow. In connection with the acquisitions made in 2007 and
our growth strategy, we negotiated a new credit facility which we entered into
as of July 20, 2007 (our “2007 Credit Facility”) for a total amount of $1,377
million that we expect to use to acquire additional vessels that will be
employed either in the spot or time charter market. As of February
26, 2008, we had approximately $332.5 million of availability under our 2007
Credit Facility.
Our fleet currently consists of five
Capesize, six Panamax, three Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk
carriers with an aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,020,000
deadweight tons (dwt). As of February 26, 2008, the average age of the vessels
currently in our fleet was 6.37 years, as compared to the average age for the
world fleet of approximately 16 years for the drybulk shipping segments in which
we compete. All of the vessels in our fleet were built in Japanese, Korean,
Philippine and Chinese shipyards with reputations for constructing high-quality
vessels. Our fleet contains six groups of sister ships, which are
vessels of virtually identical sizes and specifications.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly, and current
reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or the SEC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the
Exchange Act. The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the
SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC
20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public
Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, the SEC maintains an
Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and
other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with
the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that we file with the SEC at
www.sec.gov.
In addition, our company website can be
found on the Internet at www.gencoshipping.com. The website contains
information about us and our operations. Copies of each of our filings with
the SEC on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K, and all amendments to those
reports, can be viewed and downloaded free of charge as soon as reasonably
practicable after the reports and amendments are electronically filed with or
furnished to the SEC. To view the reports, access www.gencoshipping.com, click
on Investor, then SEC Filings.
Any of the above documents can also be
obtained in print by any shareholder upon request to our Investor Relations
Department at the following address:
Corporate
Investor Relations
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
299 Park
Avenue, 20th
Floor
New York,
NY 10171
BUSINESS STRATEGY
Our strategy is to manage and expand
our fleet in a manner that enables us to pay dividends to our shareholders. To
accomplish this objective, we intend to:
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Strategically expand the size
of our fleet - We intend to acquire additional modern,
high-quality drybulk carriers through timely and selective acquisitions of
vessels in a manner that is accretive to our cash flow. We expect to fund
acquisitions of additional vessels using cash reserves set aside for this
purpose and additional borrowings.
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·
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Continue to operate a
high-quality fleet - We intend to maintain a modern,
high-quality fleet that
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3
meets or exceeds stringent industry standards and complies with charterer
requirements through our technical managers’ rigorous and comprehensive
maintenance program. In addition, our technical managers maintain the quality of
our vessels by carrying out regular inspections, both while in port and at
sea.
·
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Pursue an appropriate balance
of time and spot charters - All of our vessels are under time
charters with an average remaining life of approximately 19.9 months as of
February 26, 2008. These charters provide us with relatively stable
revenues and a high fleet utilization. We may in the future
pursue other market opportunities for our vessels to capitalize on
favorable market conditions, including arranging longer charter periods
and entering into short-term time, voyage charters and use of vessel
pools.
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·
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Maintain low-cost, highly
efficient operations - We outsource technical management of
our fleet to Wallem Shipmanagement Limited (“Wallem”), Anglo-Eastern Group
(“Anglo”), Bernard Schulte Ship Management Hong Kong Limited (“BSSM”) and
Barber International Ltd. (“Barber”), third-party independent technical
managers, at a cost we believe is lower than what we could achieve by
performing the function in-house. Our management team actively monitors
and controls vessel operating expenses incurred by the independent
technical managers by overseeing their activities. Finally, we seek to
maintain low-cost, highly efficient operations by capitalizing on the cost
savings and economies of scale that result from operating sister
ships.
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Capitalize on our management
team's reputation - We will continue to capitalize on our
management team's reputation for high standards of performance,
reliability and safety, and maintain strong relationships with major
international charterers, many of whom consider the reputation of a vessel
owner and operator when entering into time charters. We believe that our
management team's track record improves our relationships with high
quality shipyards and financial institutions, many of which consider
reputation to be an indicator of
creditworthiness.
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OUR FLEET
Our fleet consists of five Capesize,
six Panamax, three Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk carriers,
with an aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,020,000 dwt. As of
February 26, 2008 the average age of the vessels currently in our fleet was
approximately 6.37 years, as compared to the average age for the world
fleet of approximately 16 years for the drybulk shipping segments in which we
compete. All of the vessels in our fleet were built in Japanese,
Korean, Philippine and Chinese shipyards with reputations for constructing
high-quality vessels. The table below summarizes the characteristics
of our vessels:
Vessel
|
Class
|
Dwt
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Year
Built
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Genco
Augustus
|
Capesize
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180,151
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2007
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Genco
Constantine
|
Capesize
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180,183
|
2008
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Genco
London
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Capesize
|
177,833
|
2007
|
Genco
Tiberius
|
Capesize
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175,874
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2007
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Genco
Titus
|
Capesize
|
177,729
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2007
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Genco
Acheron
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Panamax
|
72,495
|
1999
|
Genco
Beauty
|
Panamax
|
73,941
|
1999
|
Genco
Knight
|
Panamax
|
73,941
|
1999
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4
Genco
Leader
|
Panamax
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73,941
|
1999
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Genco
Surprise
|
Panamax
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72,495
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1998
|
Genco
Vigour
|
Panamax
|
73,941
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1999
|
Genco
Hunter
|
Supramax
|
58,729
|
2007
|
Genco
Predator
|
Supramax
|
55,407
|
2005
|
Genco
Warrior
|
Supramax
|
55,435
|
2005
|
Genco
Carrier
|
Handymax
|
47,180
|
1998
|
Genco
Marine
|
Handymax
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45,222
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1996
|
Genco
Muse
|
Handymax
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48,913
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2001
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Genco
Prosperity
|
Handymax
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47,180
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1997
|
Genco
Success
|
Handymax
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47,186
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1997
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Genco
Wisdom
|
Handymax
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47,180
|
1997
|
Genco
Challenger
|
Handysize
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28,428
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2003
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Genco
Champion
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Handysize
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28,445
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2006
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Genco
Charger
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Handysize
|
28,398
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2005
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Genco
Explorer
|
Handysize
|
29,952
|
1999
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Genco
Pioneer
|
Handysize
|
29,952
|
1999
|
Genco
Progress
|
Handysize
|
29,952
|
1999
|
Genco
Reliance
|
Handysize
|
29,952
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1999
|
Genco
Sugar
|
Handysize
|
29,952
|
1998
|
FLEET MANAGEMENT
Our management team and other employees
are responsible for the commercial and strategic management of our fleet.
Commercial management involves negotiating charters for vessels, managing the
mix of various types of charters, such as time charters and voyage charters, and
monitoring the performance of our vessels under their charters. Strategic
management involves locating, purchasing, financing and selling
vessels.
We utilize the services of reputable
independent technical managers for the technical management of our fleet. We
currently contract with Wallem, Anglo, BSSM, and Barber, independent technical
managers, for our technical management. Technical management involves the
day-to-day management of vessels, including performing routine maintenance,
attending to vessel operations and arranging for crews and supplies. Members of
our New York City-based management team oversee the activities of our
independent technical managers. The head of our technical management team has
over 30 years of experience in the shipping industry.
Wallem, founded in 1971, Anglo, founded
in 1974, BSSM, founded in 1981 and wholly owned by the century old ship owning
company, Bernhard Schulte, and Barber, a subsidiary of Wilh. Wilhelmsen Group
which was founded in 1861, are amongst the largest ship management companies in
the world. These technical managers are known worldwide for their agency
networks, covering all major ports in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan,
Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore. These technical
managers provide services to over 1,000 vessels of all types, including
Capesize, Panamax, Supramax, Handymax and Handysize drybulk carriers that meet
strict quality standards.
Under our technical management
agreements, our technical manager is obligated to:
·
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provide
personnel to supervise the maintenance and general efficiency of our
vessels;
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·
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arrange
and supervise the maintenance of our vessels to our standards to assure
that our vessels comply with applicable national and international
regulations and the requirements of our vessels' classification
societies;
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5
·
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select
and train the crews for our vessels, including assuring that the crews
have the correct certificates for the types of vessels on which they
serve;
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·
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check
the compliance of the crews' licenses with the regulations of the vessels'
flag states and the International Maritime Organization, or
IMO;
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·
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arrange
the supply of spares and stores for our vessels;
and
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·
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report
expense transactions to us, and make its procurement and accounting
systems available to us.
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OUR CHARTERS
Currently, we employ all of our drybulk
carriers under time charters. A time charter involves the hiring of a vessel
from its owner for a period of time pursuant to a contract under which the
vessel owner places its ship (including its crew and equipment) at the disposal
of the charterer. Under a time charter, the charterer periodically pays a fixed
daily charterhire rate to Genco and bears all voyage expenses, including the
cost of bunkers (“fuel”), port expenses, agents’ fees and canal
dues. Two of the vessels, the Genco Constantine and the Genco Titus,
are chartered under time charters which include a profit sharing
element. Under these two charters, the Company received a fixed rate
of $52,750 and $45,000 per day, respectively, and an additional profit sharing
payment. The profit sharing between the Company and the respective
charterer for each 15-day period is calculated by taking the average over that
period of the published Baltic Cape Index of the four T/C routes as reflected in
daily reports. If such average is more than the base rate payable
under the charter, the excess amount is allocable 50% to the Company and 50% to
the charterer. A commission of 3.75% based on the profit sharing
amount due to the Company is incurred out of the Company’s share.
Subject to any restrictions in the
contract, the charterer determines the type and quantity of cargo to be carried
and the ports of loading and discharging. Our vessels operate worldwide within
the trading limits imposed by our insurance terms. The technical operation and
navigation of the vessel at all times remains the responsibility of the vessel
owner, which is generally responsible for the vessel's operating expenses,
including the cost of crewing, insuring, repairing and maintaining the vessel,
costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other miscellaneous
expenses.
Each of our current time charters
expires within a range of dates (for example, a minimum of 11 and maximum of 13
months following delivery), with the exact end of the time charter left
unspecified to account for the uncertainty of when a vessel will complete its
final voyage under the time charter. The charterer may extend the charter period
by any time that the vessel is off-hire. If a vessel remains off-hire for more
than 30 consecutive days, the time charter may be cancelled at the
charterer's option.
In connection with the charter of each
of our vessels, we incur commissions ranging from 1.25% to 6.25% of the total
daily charterhire rate of each charter to third parties, depending on the number
of brokers involved with arranging the relevant charter.
We monitor developments in the drybulk
shipping industry on a regular basis and strategically adjust the charterhire
periods for our vessels according to market conditions as they become available
for charter.
The
following table sets forth information about the current employment of the
vessels currently in our fleet as of February 26, 2008:
6
Vessel
|
Year
Built
|
Charterer
|
Charter Expiration
(1)
|
Cash Daily
Rate (2)
|
Revenue Daily Rate
(3)
|
Expected Delivery
(4)
|
Capesize
Vessels
|
||||||
Genco
Augustus
|
2007
|
Cargill
International S.A.
|
December
2009
|
45,263
|
62,750
|
-
|
Genco
Tiberius
|
2007
|
Cargill
International S.A.
|
January
2010
|
45,263
|
62,750
|
-
|
Genco
London
|
2007
|
SK
Shipping Co., Ltd
|
August
2010
|
57,500
|
64,250
|
-
|
Genco
Titus
|
2007
|
Cargill
International S.A.
|
September
2011
|
45,000(5)
|
46,250
|
-
|
Genco
Constantine
|
2008
|
Cargill
International S.A.
|
August
2012
|
52,750(7)
|
-
|
|
Genco
Hadrian
|
2008(6)
|
To
be determined (“TBD”)
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
Q4
2008
|
|
Genco
Commodus
|
2009(6)
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
Q2
2009
|
|
Genco
Maximus
|
2009(6)
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
Q2
2009
|
|
Genco
Claudius
|
2009(6)
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
TBD
|
Q3
2009
|
|
Panamax
Vessels
|
||||||
Genco
Beauty
|
1999
|
Cargill
International S.A.
|
May
2009
|
31,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Knight
|
1999
|
SK
Shipping Ltd.
|
May
2009
|
37,700
|
-
|
|
Genco
Leader
|
1999
|
A/S
Klaveness
|
December
2008
|
25,650(8)
|
-
|
|
Genco
Vigour
|
1999
|
STX
Panocean (UK) Co. Ltd.
|
March
2009
|
29,000(9)
|
-
|
|
Genco
Acheron
|
1999
|
STX
Panocean (UK) Co. Ltd.
|
March
2008
|
30,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Surprise
|
1998
|
Hanjin
Shipping Co., Ltd.
|
December
2010
|
42,100
(10)
|
-
|
|
Supramax
Vessels
|
||||||
Genco
Predator
|
2005
|
Oldendorff
GmbH & Co. KG.
|
May
2008
|
55,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Warrior
|
2005
|
Hyundai
Merchant Marine Co. Ltd.
|
November
2010
|
38,750
|
-
|
|
Genco
Hunter
|
2007
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
March
2008
|
65,000
|
-
|
|
Handymax
Vessels
|
||||||
Genco
Success
|
1997
|
Korea
Line Corporation
|
March
2008/
February
2011
|
24,000/
33,000(11)
|
-
|
|
Genco
Carrier
|
1998
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
March
2008
|
24,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Prosperity
|
1997
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
April
2008
|
26,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Wisdom
|
1997
|
Hyundai
Merchant Marine Co. Ltd.
|
March
2008/
February
2011
|
24,000/(12)
34,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Marine
|
1996
|
NYK
Bulkship Europe S.A.
|
March
2008
|
24,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Muse
|
2001
|
Oldendorff
GmbH & Co. KG.
|
March
2008
|
58,000
|
-
|
|
Handysize
Vessels
|
||||||
Genco
Explorer
|
1999
|
Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S
|
August
2009
|
19,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Pioneer
|
1999
|
Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S
|
August
2009
|
19,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Progress
|
1999
|
Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S
|
August
2009
|
19,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Reliance
|
1999
|
Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S
|
August
2009
|
19,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Sugar
|
1998
|
Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S
|
August
2009
|
19,500
|
-
|
|
Genco
Charger
|
2005
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
November
2010
|
24,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Challenger
|
2003
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
November
2010
|
24,000
|
-
|
|
Genco
Champion
|
2006
|
Pacific
Basin Chartering Ltd.
|
December
2010
|
24,000
|
-
|
(1) The
charter expiration dates presented represent the earliest dates that our
charters may be terminated in the ordinary course, under the terms of each
contract, the charterer is entitled to extend time charters from two to four
months in order to complete the vessel's final voyage plus any time the vessel
has been off-hire. The charterer of the Genco Titus has the option to extend the
charter for a period of one year.
(2) Time
charter rates presented are the gross daily charterhire rates before the
payments of brokerage commissions ranging from 1.25% to 6.25% to third parties,
except as indicated for the Genco Leader in note 8 below. In a time charter, the
charterer is responsible for voyage expenses such as bunkers, port expenses,
agents’ fees and canal dues.
(3) For
the vessels acquired with a below-market time charter rate, the approximate
amount of revenue on a daily basis to be
7
recognized as revenues is displayed in the column
named “Revenue Daily Rate” and is net of any third-party commissions. Since
these vessels were acquired with existing time charters with below-market rates,
we allocated the purchase price between the respective vessel and an intangible
liability for the value assigned to the below-market
charterhire. This intangible liability is amortized as an increase to
voyage revenues over the minimum remaining term of the charter. For
cash flow purposes, we will continue to receive the rate presented in the “Cash
Daily Rate” column until the charter expires.
(4) Dates
for vessels being delivered in the future are estimates based on guidance
received from the sellers and/or the respective shipyards.
(5) The
Company receives a fixed rate of $45,000 per day less a 5% commission and an
additional profit sharing payment. The profit sharing between the Company
and the charterer for each 15-day period is calculated by taking the average
over that period of the published Baltic Cape Index of the four T/C routes as
reflected in daily reports. If such average is more than the base
rate payable under the charter, the excess amount is allocable 50% to the
Company and 50% to the charterer. A commission of 3.75% based on the
profit sharing amount due to the Company is incurred out of the Company’s
share.
(6) Year
built for vessels being delivered in the future are estimates based on guidance
received from the sellers and/or the respective shipyards.
(7) The
Company receives a fixed rate of $52,750 per day less a 5% commission and an
additional profit sharing payment. The profit sharing between the Company
and the charterer for each 15-day period is calculated by taking the average
over that period of the published Baltic Cape Index of the four T/C routes as
reflected in daily reports. If such average is more than the base
rate payable under the charter, the excess amount is allocable 50% to the
Company and 50% to the charterer. A commission of 3.75% based on the
profit sharing amount due to the Company is incurred out of the Company’s
share.
(8) For
the Genco Leader, the time charter rate presented is the net daily charterhire
rate. There are no payments of brokerage commissions associated with these time
charters.
(9) We
have entered into a time charter for 23 to 25 months at a rate of $33,000 per
day for the first 11 months, $25,000 per day for the following 11 months and
$29,000 per day thereafter, less a 5% third-party brokerage commission. For
purposes of revenue recognition, the time charter contract is reflected on a
straight-line basis at approximately $29,000 per day for 23 to 25 months in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States,
or U.S. GAAP. The time charter, commenced following the expiration of the
vessel's previous time charter on May 5, 2007.
(10) The
new charter commenced following the expiration of the previous charter on
January 31, 2008.
(11)
We intend to extend the time charter for an additional 35 to 37.5 months at a
rate of $40,000 per day for the first 12 months, $33,000 per day for the
following 12 months and $26,000 per day for the next 12 months and $33,000
thereafter less a 5% third-party brokerage commission. In all cases the rate for
the duration of the time charter will average $33,000. For purposes
of revenue recognition, the time charter contract is reflected on a
straight-line basis at approximately $33,000 per day for 35 to 37.5 months
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United
States, or U.S. GAAP. The new charter will commence following the
expiration of the previous charter on March 1, 2008.
(12) We
have reached an agreement to extend the time charter for an additional 35 to
37.5 months at a rate of $34,500 per day less a 5% third party brokerage
commission. The new charter will commence following the expiration of
the previous charter on March 1, 2008.
CLASSIFICATION AND
INSPECTION
All of our vessels have been certified
as being “in class” by the American Bureau of Shipping (“ABS”), Nippon
Kaiji Kyokai (“NK”), Det Norske Veritas (“DNV”) or Lloyd’s Register of
Shipping (“Lloyd’s”). Each of these classification societies is a member of the
International Association of Classification Societies. Every commercial vessel’s
hull and machinery is evaluated by a classification society authorized by its
country of registry. The classification society certifies that the vessel has
been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification
society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel’s
country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a
member. Each vessel is inspected by a surveyor of the classification society in
three surveys of varying frequency and thoroughness: every year for the annual
survey, every two to three years for the intermediate survey and every four to
five years for special surveys. Special surveys always require
drydocking. Vessels that are 15 years old or older are required, as part of
the intermediate survey process, to be drydocked every 24 to 30 months for
inspection of the underwater portions of the vessel and for necessary
repairs stemming from the inspection.
8
In addition to the classification
inspections, many of our customers regularly inspect our vessels as a
precondition to chartering them for voyages. We believe that our
well-maintained, high-quality vessels provide us with a competitive advantage in
the current environment of increasing regulation and customer emphasis on
quality.
We have implemented the International
Safety Management Code, which was promulgated by the International Maritime
Organization, or IMO (the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the
prevention of marine pollution by ships), to establish pollution prevention
requirements applicable to vessels. We obtained documents of compliance for our
offices and safety management certificates for all of our vessels for which the
certificates are required by the IMO.
CREWING AND
EMPLOYEES
Each of our vessels is crewed from 20
to 23 officers and seamen. Our technical managers are responsible for locating
and retaining qualified officers for our vessels. The crewing agencies handle
each seaman's training, travel and payroll, and ensure that all the seamen on
our vessels have the qualifications and licenses required to comply with
international regulations and shipping conventions. We typically man our vessels
with more crew members than are required by the country of the vessel's flag in
order to allow for the performance of routine maintenance duties.
As of February 26, 2008, we employed 17
shore-based personnel and approximately 600 seagoing personnel on our
vessels.
CUSTOMERS
Our assessment of a charterer's
financial condition and reliability is an important factor in negotiating
employment for our vessels. We generally charter our vessels to major trading
houses (including commodities traders), major producers and government-owned
entities rather than to more speculative or undercapitalized entities. Our
customers include national, regional and international companies, such as
Lauritzen Bulkers, Cargill, Pacbasin, SK. STX, NYK Europe and HMMC. For 2007,
two of our charterers, Lauritzen Bulkers and Cargill accounted for more than 10%
of our revenues.
COMPETITION
Our business fluctuates in line with
the main patterns of trade of the major drybulk cargoes and varies according to
changes in the supply and demand for these items. We operate in markets that are
highly competitive and based primarily on supply and demand. We compete for
charters on the basis of price, vessel location and size, age and condition of
the vessel, as well as on our reputation as an owner and operator. We compete
with other owners of drybulk carriers in the Capesize, Panamax, Supramax,
Handymax and Handysize class sectors, some of whom may also charter our vessels
as customers. Ownership of drybulk carriers is highly fragmented and is divided
among approximately 1,300 independent drybulk carrier owners.
PERMITS AND
AUTHORIZATIONS
We are required by various governmental
and quasi-governmental agencies to obtain certain permits, licenses,
certificates and other authorizations with respect to our
vessels. The kinds of permits, licenses, certificates and other
authorizations required for each vessel depend upon several factors, including
the commodity transported, the waters in which the vessel operates, the
nationality of the vessel’s crew and the age of the vessel. We
believe that we have all material permits, licenses, certificates and other
authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations. However,
additional laws and regulations, environmental or otherwise, may be adopted
which could limit our ability to do business or increase the cost of our doing
business.
9
INSURANCE
General
The operation of any drybulk vessel
includes risks such as mechanical failure, collision, property loss, cargo loss
or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign
countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, there is always an
inherent possibility of marine disaster, including oil spills and other
environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating
vessels in international trade. The United States Oil Pollution Act
of 1990, or OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners,
operators and demise charterers of vessels trading in the U.S.-exclusive
economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made
liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the
U.S. market.
While we maintain hull and machinery
insurance, war risks insurance, protection and indemnity cover, and freight,
demurrage and defense cover and loss of hire insurance for our fleet in amounts
that we believe to be prudent to cover normal risks in our operations, we may
not be able to achieve or maintain this level of coverage throughout a vessel's
useful life. Furthermore, while we believe that our present insurance coverage
is adequate, not all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that
any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain
adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates.
Hull and Machinery and War Risks
Insurance
We maintain marine hull and machinery
and war risks insurance, which cover the risk of actual or constructive total
loss, for all of our vessels. Our vessels are each covered up to at least fair
market value with deductibles of $60,000 per vessel per incident for our
Handysize vessels, $75,000 per vessel per incident for our Panamax, Supramax and
Handymax vessels and $125,000 per vessel per incident for our Capesize
vessels.
Protection and Indemnity
Insurance
Protection and indemnity insurance is
provided by mutual protection and indemnity associations, or P&I
Associations, which insure our third-party liabilities in connection with our
shipping activities. This includes third-party liability and other related
expenses resulting from the injury or death of crew, passengers and other third
parties, the loss or damage to cargo, claims arising from collisions with other
vessels, damage to other third-party property, pollution arising from oil or
other substances and salvage, towing and other related costs, including wreck
removal. Protection and indemnity insurance is a form of mutual indemnity
insurance, extended by protection and indemnity mutual associations, or "clubs."
Subject to the "capping" discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is
unlimited.
Our current protection and indemnity
insurance coverage for pollution is $1 billion per vessel per incident. The
13 P&I Associations that comprise the International Group insure
approximately 90% of the world's commercial tonnage and have entered into a
pooling agreement to reinsure each association's liabilities. As a member of a
P&I Association, which is a member of the International Group, we are
subject to calls payable to the associations based on the group's claim records
as well as the claim records of all other members of the individual associations
and members of the pool of P&I Associations comprising the International
Group.
Loss of Hire
Insurance
We maintain loss of hire insurance
which covers business interruptions and related losses that result from the loss
of use of a vessel. Our loss of hire insurance has a 14-day deductible and
provides claim coverage for up to 90 days.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OTHER
REGULATION
Government regulation significantly
affects the ownership and operation of our vessels. We are subject to various
international conventions and treaties, laws and regulations in force in the
countries in which our vessels may operate or
10
are
registered relating to safety and health and environmental protection including
the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of hazardous and
non-hazardous materials, and the remediation of contamination and liability for
damage to natural resources.
A variety
of governmental and private entities subject our vessels to both scheduled and
unscheduled inspections. These entities include the local port authorities,
(applicable national authorities such as the United States Coast Guard and
harbor masters), classification societies, flag state administration (country of
registry) and charterers. Some of these entities require us to obtain permits,
licenses, certificates and other authorizations for the operation of our
vessels. Our failure to maintain necessary permits or approvals could require us
to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend the operation of one or more
of our vessels.
In recent periods, heightened levels of
environmental and operational safety concerns among insurance underwriters,
regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements
on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the
drybulk shipping industry. Increasing environmental concerns have created a
demand for vessels that conform to the stricter environmental
standards. We believe that the operation of our vessels is in
substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and
that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other
authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations. However, because
such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly
stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with
these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or
useful lives of our vessels. In addition, a future serious marine
incident that results in significant oil pollution or otherwise causes
significant adverse environmental impact could result in additional legislation
or regulation that could negatively affect our profitability.
International Maritime
Organization
The
International Maritime Organization, the United Nations agency for maritime
safety and the prevention of pollution by ships, or the IMO, has adopted the
International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution, 1973, as
modified by the related Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, which has been
updated through various amendments, or the MARPOL Convention. The
MARPOL Convention establishes environmental standards relating to oil leakage or
spilling, garbage management, sewage, air emissions, handling and disposal of
noxious liquids and the handling of harmful substances in packaged
forms. The IMO adopted regulations that set forth pollution
prevention requirements applicable to drybulk carriers. These
regulations have been adopted by over 150 nations, including many of the
jurisdictions in which our vessels operate.
In
September 1997, the IMO adopted Annex VI to the MARPOL Convention to
address air pollution from ships. Annex VI was ratified in May 2004, and
became effective in May 2005. Annex VI set limits on sulfur oxide and
nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions
of ozone depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons. Annex VI also
includes a global cap on the sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special
areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions. Annex
VI regulations pertaining to nitrogen oxide emissions apply to diesel engines on
vessels built on or after January 1, 2000 or diesel engines undergoing major
conversions after such date. All of our vessels comply with the IAPP
(International Air Pollution and Prevention) for vessels built before January 1,
2000 and the EIAPP (Engine International Air Pollution and Prevention)
requirements and are certified accordingly by the vessels’ respective
Classification Society. Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may
be adopted that could adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash
flows and financial condition. Compliance with these regulations
could require the installation of expensive emission control systems and could
have an adverse financial impact on the operation of our vessels.
Safety Management System
Requirements
IMO also
adopted the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, or SOLAS and
the International Convention on Load Lines, or the LL Convention, which impose a
variety of standards that regulate the design and operational features of ships.
The IMO periodically revises the SOLAS Convention and LL Convention standards.
We
11
believe
that all our vessels are in material compliance with SOLAS and LL Convention
standards.
Under Chapter IX of SOLAS, the
International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for
Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code, our operations are also subject to
environmental standards and requirements contained in the ISM Code promulgated
by the IMO. The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel
to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other
things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting
forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and
describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We rely upon the safety
management system that we and our technical manager have developed for
compliance with the ISM Code. The failure of a ship owner or bareboat
charterer to comply with the ISM Code may subject such party to increased
liability, may decrease available insurance coverage for the affected vessels
and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports. As of
the date of this filing, each of our vessels is ISM code-certified.
The ISM Code requires that vessel
operators also obtain a safety management certificate for each vessel they
operate. This certificate evidences compliance by a vessel’s management with
code requirements for a safety management system. No vessel can obtain a
certificate unless its manager has been awarded a document of compliance, issued
by each flag state, under the ISM Code. We believe that we have all material
requisite documents of compliance for our offices and safety management
certificates for all of our vessels for which the certificates are required by
the IMO. We review these documents of compliance and safety management
certificates annually.
Pollution Control and Liability
Requirements
IMO has negotiated international
conventions that impose liability for oil pollution in international waters and
the territorial waters of the signatory to such conventions. For example, IMO
adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’
Ballast Water and Sediments, or the BWM Convention, in February 2004. The BWM
Convention’s implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of
mandatory ballast water exchange requirements (beginning in 2009), to be
replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. The BWM Convention will
not become effective until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the
combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross
tonnage of the world’s merchant shipping.
Although the United States is not a
party to these conventions, many countries have ratified and follow the
liability plan adopted by the IMO and set out in the International Convention on
Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as amended in 2000, or the
CLC. Under this convention and depending on whether the country in which the
damage results is a party to the 1992 Protocol to the CLC, a vessel’s registered
owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused in the territorial waters
of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject to certain
defenses. The limits on liability outlined in the 1992 Protocol use
the International Monetary Fund currency unit of Special Drawing Rights, or SDR.
Under an amendment to the 1992 Protocol that became effective on
November 1, 2003, for vessels between 5,000 and 140,000 gross tons (a unit
of measurement for the total enclosed spaces within a vessel), liability is
limited to approximately 4.51 million SDR plus 631 SDR for each additional gross
ton over 5,000. For vessels of over 140,000 gross tons, liability is limited to
89.77 million SDR. The exchange rate between SDRs and dollars was
0.633423 SDR per dollar on February 14, 2008. As the convention calculates
liability in terms of a basket of currencies, these figures are based on
currency exchange rates on February 14, 2008. The right to limit liability is
forfeited under the CLC where the spill is caused by the shipowner’s actual
fault and under the 1992 Protocol where the spill is caused by the shipowner’s
intentional or reckless conduct. Vessels trading with states that are parties to
these conventions must provide evidence of insurance covering the liability of
the owner. In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted, various
legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the
basis of fault or in a manner similar to that of the convention. We believe that
our protection and indemnity insurance will covers the liability under the plan
adopted by the IMO.
In March
2006, the IMO amended Annex I to MARPOL, including a new regulation relating to
oil fuel tank protection, which became effective August 1, 2007. The
new regulation will apply to various ships delivered on or after August 1,
2010. It includes requirements for the protected location of the fuel
tanks, performance standards for
12
accidental
oil fuel outflow, a tank capacity limit and certain other maintenance,
inspection and engineering standards.
Compliance
Enforcement
The flag state, as defined by the
United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, has overall responsibility for the
implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations for all
ships granted the right to fly its flag. The “Shipping Industry Guidelines on
Flag State Performance” evaluates flag states based on factors such as
sufficiency of infrastructure, ratification of international maritime treaties,
implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations,
supervision of surveys, casualty investigations and participation at IMO
meetings. Our vessels are flagged in the Marshall Islands. Marshall
Islands-flagged vessels have historically received a good assessment in the
shipping industry. We recognize the importance of a credible flag
state and do not intend to use flags of convenience or flag states with poor
performance indicators.
Noncompliance with the ISM Code or
other IMO regulations may subject the shipowner or bareboat charterer to
increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for
affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in,
some ports. The United States Coast Guard and European Union authorities have
indicated that vessels not in compliance with the ISM Code by the applicable
deadlines will be prohibited from trading in United States and European Union
ports, respectively. As of the date of this report, each of our vessels is ISM
Code certified. However, there can be no assurance that such
certificate will be maintained.
The United States Oil Pollution Act
of 1990 and
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act
The United States Oil Pollution Act of
1990, or OPA, established an extensive regulatory and liability regime for the
protection and cleanup of the environment from oil spills. OPA affects all
owners and operators whose vessels trade in the United States, its territories
and possessions or whose vessels operate in United States waters, which includes
the United States' territorial sea and its two hundred nautical mile exclusive
economic zone. The United States has also enacted the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, which applies
to the discharge of hazardous substances other than oil, whether on land or at
sea. Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.
Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and
bareboat charterers are "responsible parties" and are jointly, severally and
strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a
third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up
costs and other damages arising from discharges or threatened discharges of oil
from their vessels. OPA defines these other damages broadly to
include:
·
|
natural
resources damage and the costs of assessment
thereof;
|
·
|
real
and personal property damage;
|
·
|
net
loss of taxes, royalties, rents, fees and other lost
revenues;
|
·
|
lost
profits or impairment of earning capacity due to property or natural
resources damage; and
|
·
|
net
cost of public services necessitated by a spill response, such as
protection from fire, safety or health hazards, and loss of subsistence
use of natural resources.
|
Under amendments to OPA that became
effective on July 11, 2006, the liability of responsible parties is limited
to the greater of $950 per gross ton or $0.8 million per drybulk vessel
that is over 300 gross tons (subject to possible adjustment for inflation).
CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar
liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource
damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per
gross ton or $5 million. These limits of liability do not apply if an
incident was directly caused by violation of
13
applicable
United States federal safety, construction or operating regulations or by a
responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct, or if the
responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and
assist in connection with oil removal activities.
We currently maintain pollution
liability coverage insurance in the amount of $1 billion per incident for
each of our vessels. If the damages from a catastrophic spill were to exceed our
insurance coverage it could have an adverse effect on our business and results
of operation.
OPA requires owners and operators of
vessels to establish and maintain with the United States Coast Guard evidence of
financial responsibility sufficient to meet their potential liabilities under
OPA and CERCLA. Current United States Coast Guard regulations require evidence
of financial responsibility in the amount of $900 per gross ton for non-tank
vessels, which includes the OPA limitation on liability of $600 per gross ton
and the CERCLA liability limit of $300 per gross ton. In February 2008, the
United States Coast Guard issued a proposal rule to increase the amounts of
financial responsibility to reflect the July 2006 increases in liability.
Under the regulations, vessel owners and operators may evidence their financial
responsibility by showing proof of insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or
guaranty. Under OPA, an owner or operator of a fleet of vessels is required only
to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility in an amount sufficient to
cover the vessels in the fleet having the greatest maximum liability under
OPA.
The United States Coast Guard's
regulations concerning certificates of financial responsibility provide, in
accordance with OPA, that claimants may bring suit directly against an insurer
or guarantor that furnishes certificates of financial responsibility. In the
event that such insurer or guarantor is sued directly, it is prohibited from
asserting any contractual defense that it may have had against the responsible
party and is limited to asserting those defenses available to the responsible
party and the defense that the incident was caused by the willful misconduct of
the responsible party. Certain organizations, which had typically provided
certificates of financial responsibility under pre-OPA laws, including the major
protection and indemnity organizations, have declined to furnish evidence of
insurance for vessel owners and operators if they are subject to direct actions
or are required to waive insurance policy defenses.
The United States Coast Guard's
financial responsibility regulations may also be satisfied by evidence of surety
bond, guaranty or by self-insurance. Under the self-insurance provisions, the
ship owner or operator must have a net worth and working capital, measured in
assets located in the United States against liabilities located anywhere in the
world, that exceeds the applicable amount of financial responsibility. We have
complied with the United States Coast Guard regulations by providing a
certificate of responsibility from third party entities that are acceptable to
the United States Coast Guard evidencing sufficient self-insurance.
OPA specifically permits individual
states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution
incidents occurring within their boundaries, and some states have enacted
legislation providing for unlimited liability for oil spills. In some cases,
states, which have enacted such legislation, have not yet issued implementing
regulations defining vessels owners' responsibilities under these laws. We
intend to comply with all applicable state regulations in the ports where our
vessels call. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with
all applicable existing state requirements. In addition, we intend to
comply with all future applicable state regulations in the ports where our
vessels call.
Other Environmental
Initiatives
The U.S.
Clean Water Act, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil or hazardous substances
in navigable waters and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for
any unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the
costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available
under OPA and CERCLA.
Currently, under U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, or EPA, regulations that have been in place since 1978,
vessels are exempt from the requirement to obtain CWA permits for the discharge
in U.S. ports of ballast water and other substances incidental to their normal
operation. However, on March 30, 2005, the United States District Court for
the
14
Northern
District of California ruled in Northwest Environmental Advocate v.
EPA, 2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 5373, that EPA exceeded its authority in
creating an exemption for ballast water. On September 18, 2006, the court
issued an order invalidating the blanket exemption in EPA's regulations for all
discharges incidental to the normal operation of a vessel as of
September 30, 2008 and directing EPA to develop a system for regulating all
discharges from vessels by that date. Under the court's ruling, owners and
operators of vessels visiting U.S. ports would be required to comply with any
CWA permitting program to be developed by EPA or face penalties. Although the
EPA has appealed the decision to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, we cannot
predict the outcome of the litigation. If the District Court's order is
ultimately upheld, we will incur certain costs to obtain CWA permits for our
vessels and meet any treatment requirements, although we do not expect that
these costs would be material.
The European Union is considering
legislation that will affect the operation of vessels and the liability of
owners and operators for oil pollution. It is difficult to predict what
legislation, if any, may be promulgated by the European Union or any other
country or authority.
The United States National Invasive
Species Act, or NISA, was enacted in 1996 in response to growing reports of
harmful organisms being released into U.S. ports through ballast water taken on
by ships in foreign ports. NISA established a ballast water management program
for ships entering U.S. waters. Under NISA, mid-ocean ballast water exchange is
voluntary, except for ships heading to the Great Lakes or Hudson Bay, or vessels
engaged in the foreign export of Alaskan North Slope crude oil. However, NISA's
reporting and record-keeping requirements are mandatory for vessels bound for
any port in the United States. Although ballast water exchange is the primary
means of compliance with the act's guidelines, compliance can also be achieved
through the retention of ballast water on board the ship, or the use of
environmentally sound alternative ballast water management methods approved by
the U.S. Coast Guard. If the mid-ocean ballast exchange is made mandatory
throughout the United States, or if water treatment requirements or options are
instituted, the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers. Although
we do not believe that the costs of compliance with a mandatory mid-ocean
ballast exchange would be material, it is difficult to predict the overall
impact of such a requirement on the drybulk shipping industry.
Our operations occasionally generate
and require the transportation, treatment and disposal of both hazardous and
non-hazardous solid wastes that are subject to the requirements of the U.S.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, or comparable state, local or
foreign requirements. In addition, from time to time we arrange for the disposal
of hazardous waste or hazardous substances at offsite disposal facilities. If
such materials are improperly disposed of by third parties, we may still be held
liable for clean up costs under applicable laws.
Vessel Security
Regulations
Since the
terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of
initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25,
2002, the United States Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or the
MTSA came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in
July 2003, the United States Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the
implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in
waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. Similarly,
in December 2002, amendments to SOLAS created a new chapter of the convention
dealing specifically with maritime security. The new chapter became
effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on
vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the newly created
International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code, or the ISPS
Code. The ISPS Code is designed to protect ports and international
shipping against terrorism. After July 1, 2004, to trade
internationally, a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate
from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel’s flag
state. Among the various requirements are:
·
|
on-board
installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for
the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among
similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a
ship’s identity, position, course, speed and navigational
status;
|
·
|
on-board
installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the
vessel but only alerts the authorities on
shore;
|
15
·
|
the
development of vessel security
plans;
|
·
|
ship
identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel’s
hull;
|
·
|
a
continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel’s history
including, name of the ship and of the state whose flag the ship is
entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that
state, the ship’s identification number, the port at which the ship is
registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered
address; and
|
·
|
compliance
with flag state security certification
requirements.
|
The
United States Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international
maritime security standards, exempt from MTSA vessel security measures
non-United States vessels that have on board, as of July 1, 2004, a valid
International Ship Security Certificate attesting to the vessel’s compliance
with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code. Our managers
intend to implement the various security measures addressed by MTSA, SOLAS and
the ISPS Code, and we intend that our fleet will comply with applicable security
requirements. We have implemented the various security measures
addressed by the MTSA, SOLAS and the ISPS Code.
Inspection by Classification
Societies
Every
seagoing vessel must be ‘‘classed’’ by a classification society. The
classification society certifies that the vessel is ‘‘in class,’’ signifying
that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of
the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of
the vessel’s country of registry and the international conventions of which that
country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by
international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state,
the classification society will undertake them on application or by official
order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
The
classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and checks that
are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state. These
surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the
regulations of the country concerned.
For
maintenance of the class certification, regular and extraordinary surveys of
hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment
classed are required to be performed as follows:
·
|
Annual
Surveys: For seagoing ships, annual surveys are
conducted for the hull and the machinery, including the electrical plant,
and where applicable for special equipment classed, at intervals of 12
months from the date of commencement of the class period indicated in the
certificate.
|
·
|
Intermediate
Surveys: Extended annual surveys are referred to as
intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and one-half years
after commissioning and each class renewal. Intermediate
surveys may be carried out on the occasion of the second or third annual
survey.
|
·
|
Class Renewal
Surveys: Class renewal surveys, also known as special
surveys, are carried out for the ship’s hull, machinery, including the
electrical plant, and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals
indicated by the character of classification for the hull. At
the special survey, the vessel is thoroughly examined, including
audio-gauging to determine the thickness of the steel
structures. Should the thickness be found to be less than class
requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel
renewals. The classification society may grant a one-year grace
period for completion of the special survey. Substantial
amounts of money may have to be spent for steel renewals to pass a special
survey if the vessel experiences excessive wear and tear. In
lieu of the special survey every four or five years, depending on whether
a grace period was granted, a shipowner has the option of arranging with
the classification society for the vessel’s hull or machinery to be on a
continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be
surveyed within a five-year cycle. Upon a shipowner’s request, the surveys
required for class renewal may be split according to an agreed schedule to
extend over the entire period of class. This process is
referred to as continuous class
renewal.
|
All areas
subject to survey as defined by the classification society are required to be
surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals between
surveys are prescribed elsewhere. The period between two subsequent
16
surveys
of each area must not exceed five years.
Most
vessels are also drydocked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of the
underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections. If any
defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a ‘‘recommendation’’
which must be rectified by the shipowner within prescribed time
limits.
Most
insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel
be certified as ‘‘in class’’ by a classification society which is a member of
the International Association of Classification Societies. All of our
vessels have been certified as being “in class” by the American Bureau of
Shipping (ABS), NK, DNV or Lloyd’s Register of Shipping. All new and
secondhand vessels that we purchase must be certified prior to their delivery
under our standard agreements.
SEASONALITY
We operate our vessels in markets that
have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result,
charter rates. We seek to mitigate the risk of these seasonal
variations by entering into long-term time charters for our vessels, where
possible. However, this seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter
volatility in our operating results, depending on when we enter into our time
charters or if our vessels trade on the spot market. The drybulk
sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of
increased consumption of coal and raw materials in the northern hemisphere
during the winter months. As a result, our revenues could be weaker
during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and conversely, our
revenue could be stronger during the quarters ended December 31 and March
31.
ITEM 1A. RISK
FACTORS
ADDITIONAL FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT
FUTURE RESULTS
This annual report on Form 10-K
contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such
forward-looking statements use words such as
“anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,”
and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with a discussion of
potential future events, circumstances or future operating or financial
performance. These forward-looking statements are based on
management’s current expectations and observations. Included among the
factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from
the forward looking statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K are
the following: (i) changes in demand or rates in the drybulk shipping industry;
(ii) changes in the supply of or demand for drybulk products, generally or in
particular regions; (iii) changes in the supply of drybulk carriers including
newbuilding of vessels or lower than anticipated scrapping of older vessels;
(iv) changes in rules and regulations applicable to the cargo industry,
including, without limitation, legislation adopted by international
organizations or by individual countries and actions taken by regulatory
authorities; (v) increases in costs and expenses including but not limited to:
crew wages, insurance, provisions, repairs, maintenance and general and
administrative expenses; (vi) the adequacy of our insurance arrangements; (vii)
changes in general domestic and international political conditions; (viii)
changes in the condition of the Company’s vessels or applicable maintenance or
regulatory standards (which may affect, among other things, our anticipated
drydocking or maintenance and repair costs) and unanticipated drydock
expenditures; (ix) the amount of offhire time needed to complete repairs on
vessels and the timing and amount of any reimbursement by our insurance carriers
for insurance claims including offhire days; (x) our acquisition or
disposition of vessels; (xi) the fulfillment of the closing conditions
under the Company's agreement to acquire the remaining four Metrostar
drybulk vessels; (xii) those other risks and uncertainties contained under the
heading “RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS & OPERATIONS”, and (xiii)
other factors listed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
The following risk factors and other
information included in this report should be carefully
considered. If any of the following risks occur, our business,
financial condition, operating results and cash flows could be materially and
adversely
affected and the trading price of our common stock could
decline.
17
RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
& OPERATIONS
Industry Specific Risk
Factors
Charterhire rates for drybulk
carriers are at relatively high levels as compared to historical
levels and may decrease in the future,
which may adversely affect our earnings.
The drybulk shipping industry is
cyclical with attendant volatility in charterhire rates and profitability. The
degree of charterhire rate volatility among different types of drybulk carriers
has varied widely. Although charterhire rates decreased slightly during 2005 and
the first half of 2006, since July 2006, charter rates have risen sharply
and are currently near their historical highs reached during October and
November of 2007. Because we generally charter our vessels pursuant to time
charters, we are exposed to changes in spot market rates for drybulk carriers at
the time of entering into charterhire contracts and such changes may affect our
earnings and the value of our drybulk carriers at any given time. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to successfully charter our vessels in the
future or renew existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to meet our
obligations or to pay dividends to our shareholders. The supply of and demand
for shipping capacity strongly influences freight rates. Because the factors
affecting the supply and demand for vessels are outside of our control and are
unpredictable, the nature, timing, direction and degree of changes in industry
conditions are also unpredictable.
Factors that influence demand for
vessel capacity include:
·
|
demand
for and production of drybulk
products;
|
·
|
global
and regional economic and political conditions including developments in
international trade, fluctuations in industrial and agricultural
production and armed conflicts;
|
·
|
the
distance drybulk cargo is to be moved by
sea;
|
·
|
environmental
and other regulatory developments;
and
|
·
|
changes
in seaborne and other transportation
patterns.
|
The factors that influence the supply
of vessel capacity include:
·
|
the
number of newbuilding deliveries;
|
·
|
port
and canal congestion;
|
·
|
the
scrapping rate of older vessels;
|
·
|
vessel
casualties; and
|
·
|
the
number of vessels that are out of service, i.e., laid-up, drydocked,
awaiting repairs or otherwise not available for
hire.
|
In addition to the prevailing and
anticipated freight rates, factors that affect the rate of newbuilding,
scrapping and laying-up include newbuilding prices, secondhand vessel values in
relation to scrap prices, costs of bunkers and other operating costs, costs
associated with classification society surveys, normal maintenance and insurance
coverage, the efficiency and age profile of the existing fleet in the market and
government and industry regulation of maritime
18
transportation
practices, particularly environmental protection laws and regulations. These
factors influencing the supply of and demand for shipping capacity are outside
of our control, and we may not be able to correctly assess the nature, timing
and degree of changes in industry conditions.
We anticipate that the future demand
for our drybulk carriers will be dependent upon continued economic growth in the
world's economies, including China and India, seasonal and regional changes in
demand, changes in the capacity of the global drybulk carrier fleet and the
sources and supply of drybulk cargo to be transported by sea. The capacity of
the global drybulk carrier fleet seems likely to increase and there can be no
assurance that economic growth will continue. Adverse economic, political,
social or other developments could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to
pay dividends.
An over-supply of drybulk carrier
capacity may lead to reductions in charterhire rates and
profitability.
The
market supply of drybulk carriers has been increasing, and the number of drybulk
carriers on order are near historic highs. These newbuildings were delivered in
significant numbers starting at the beginning of 2006 and are expected to
continue to be delivered in significant numbers through 2007. An
over-supply of drybulk carrier capacity may result in a reduction of charterhire
rates. If such a reduction occurs, upon the expiration or termination
of our vessels' current charters we may only be able to re-charter our vessels
at reduced or unprofitable rates or we may not be able to charter these vessels
at all.
The market values of our vessels may
decrease, which could adversely affect our operating results, cause us to breach
one or more of the covenants in our credit facilities or limit the total amount
that we may borrow under our credit facilities.
The fair market values of drybulk
carriers have generally experienced high volatility. The market
prices for secondhand drybulk carriers declined from historically high levels
during 2005 and the first half of 2006 and subsequently rose during 2006 and
reached new historical highs in 2007. You should expect the market
value of our vessels to fluctuate depending on general economic and market
conditions affecting the shipping industry and prevailing charterhire rates,
competition from other shipping companies and other modes of transportation,
types, sizes and ages of vessels, applicable governmental regulations and the
cost of newbuildings. If the book value of one of our vessels is
impaired due to unfavorable market conditions or a vessel is sold at a price
below its book value, we would incur a loss that could adversely affect our
financial results. A decrease in the fair market value of our vessels
may cause us to breach one or more of the covenants in our credit facilities,
which could accelerate the repayment of outstanding borrowing under the
facility, or may limit the total amount that we may borrow under our credit
facilities. The occurrence of these events could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial
condition and ability to pay dividends.
An economic slowdown in the Asia
Pacific region could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
position and results of operations.
A significant number of the port calls
made by our vessels involve the loading or discharging of raw materials and
semi-finished products in ports in the Asia Pacific region. As a
result, a negative change in economic conditions in any Asia Pacific country,
and particularly in China or Japan, may have an adverse effect on our business,
results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay
dividends. In particular, in recent years, China has been one of the
world's fastest growing economies in terms of gross domestic
product. We cannot assure you that such growth will be sustained or
that the Chinese economy will not experience a significant contraction in the
future. Moreover, any slowdown in the economies of the United States,
the European Union or various Asian countries may adversely affect economic
growth in China and elsewhere. Our business, results of operations,
cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends will likely be
materially and adversely affected by an economic downturn in any of these
countries.
19
We are subject to regulation and
liability under environmental and operational safety laws that could require
significant expenditures and affect our cash flows and net income and could
subject us to increased liability under applicable law or
regulation.
Our business and the operation of our
vessels are materially affected by government regulation in the form of
international conventions and national, state and local laws and regulations in
force in the jurisdictions in which the vessels operate, as well as in the
countries of their registration. Because such conventions, laws, and
regulations are often revised, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying
with them or their impact on the resale prices or useful lives of our
vessels. Additional conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted
that could limit our ability to do business or increase the cost of our doing
business and that may materially adversely affect our business, results of
operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay
dividends. We are required by various governmental and
quasi-governmental agencies to obtain certain permits, licenses, certificates,
and financial assurances with respect to our operations.
The
operation of our vessels is affected by the requirements set forth in the United
Nations' International Maritime Organization's International Management Code for
the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, or ISM
Code. The ISM Code requires shipowners, ship managers and bareboat
charterers to develop and maintain an extensive "Safety Management System" that
includes the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting
forth instructions and procedures for safe operation and describing procedures
for dealing with emergencies. The failure of a shipowner or bareboat
charterer to comply with the ISM Code may subject it to increased liability, may
invalidate existing insurance or decrease available insurance coverage for the
affected vessels and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in,
certain ports.
Although
the United States is not a party, many countries have ratified and follow the
liability scheme adopted by the IMO and set out in the CLC, and the Convention
for the Establishment of an International Fund for Oil Pollution of 1971, as
amended. Under these conventions, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable
for pollution damage caused on the territorial waters of a contracting state by
discharge of persistent oil, subject to certain complete defenses.
Many of
the countries that have ratified the CLC have increased the liability limits
through a 1992 Protocol to the CLC. The right to limit liability is also
forfeited under the CLC where the spill is caused by the owner's actual fault
and, under the 1992 Protocol, where the spill is caused by the owner's
intentional or reckless conduct. Vessels trading to contracting states must
provide evidence of insurance coverage. In jurisdictions where the CLC has not
been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is
imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to the
CLC.
The
United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, established an extensive
regulatory and liability regime for the protection and cleanup of the
environment from oil spills. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels
trade in the United States, its territories and possessions or whose vessels
operate in U.S. waters. OPA allows for potentially unlimited liability without
regard to fault of vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers for all
containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from discharges or
threatened discharges of oil from their vessels, including bunkers, in U.S.
waters. OPA also expressly permits individual states to impose their own
liability regimes with regard to hazardous materials and oil pollution materials
occurring within their boundaries.
While we
do not carry oil as cargo, we do carry bunkers in our drybulk carriers. We
currently maintain, for each of our vessels, pollution liability coverage
insurance of $1 billion per incident. Damages from a catastrophic spill
exceeding our insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to
pay dividends.
20
Increased inspection procedures and
tighter import and export controls could increase costs and disrupt our
business.
International shipping is subject to
various security and customs inspection and related procedures in countries of
origin and destination. Inspection procedures can result in the
seizure of the contents of our vessels, delays in the loading, offloading or
delivery and the levying of customs duties, fines or other penalties against
us.
It is possible that changes to
inspection procedures could impose additional financial and legal obligations on
us. Furthermore, changes to inspection procedures could also impose
additional costs and obligations on our customers and may, in certain cases,
render the shipment of certain types of cargo uneconomical or
impractical. Any such changes or developments may have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial
condition and ability to pay dividends.
We operate our vessels worldwide and
as a result, our vessels are exposed to international risks which could reduce
revenue or increase expenses.
The
international shipping industry is an inherently risky business involving global
operations. Our vessels will be at risk of damage or loss because of
events such as mechanical failure, collision, human error, war, terrorism,
piracy, cargo loss and bad weather. All these hazards can result in
death or injury to persons, increased costs, loss of revenues, loss or damage to
property (including cargo), environmental damage, higher insurance rates, damage
to our customer relationships, harm to our reputation as a safe and reliable
operator and delay or rerouting. In addition, changing economic,
regulatory and political conditions in some countries, including political and
military conflicts, have from time to time resulted in attacks on vessels,
mining of waterways, piracy, terrorism, labor strikes and
boycotts. These sorts of events could interfere with shipping routes
and result in market disruptions which could have a material adverse effect on
our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability
to pay dividends.
If our
vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility.
The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial. We may
have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover in full. The loss
of earnings while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as
the actual cost of these repairs, would decrease our earnings. In addition,
space at drydocking facilities is sometimes limited and not all drydocking
facilities are conveniently located. We may be unable to find space at a
suitable drydocking facility or we may be forced to travel to a drydocking
facility that is distant from the relevant vessel's position. The loss of
earnings while vessels are forced to wait for space or to travel to more distant
drydocking facilities would decrease our earnings.
The operation of drybulk carriers
has certain unique operational risks which could affect our earnings and cash
flow.
The
operation of certain ship types, such as drybulk carriers, has certain unique
risks. With a drybulk carrier, the cargo itself and its interaction
with the vessel can be an operational risk. By their nature, drybulk
cargoes are often heavy, dense, easily shifted, and react badly to water
exposure. In addition, drybulk carriers are often subjected to
battering treatment during unloading operations with grabs, jackhammers (to pry
encrusted cargoes out of the hold) and small bulldozers. This
treatment may cause damage to the vessel. Vessels damaged due to
treatment during unloading procedures may be more susceptible to breach to the
sea. Hull breaches in drybulk carriers may lead to the flooding of
the vessels' holds. If a drybulk carrier suffers flooding in its
forward holds, the bulk cargo may become so dense and waterlogged that its
pressure may buckle the vessel's bulkheads leading to the loss of a
vessel. If we are unable to adequately maintain our vessels we may be
unable to prevent these events. Any of these circumstances or events
have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash
flows, financial condition, and ability to pay dividends. In
addition, the loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and
reliable vessel owner and operator.
Terrorist attacks, such as the
attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, and other acts of
violence or war may affect the financial markets and our business, results of
operations and financial condition.
Terrorist
attacks such as the attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001 and
the United States’ continuing response to these attacks, the attacks in London
on July 7, 2005, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks, continue to
cause uncertainty in the world financial markets, including the energy
markets. The continuing conflict in Iraq may
21
lead to
additional acts of terrorism, armed conflict and civil disturbance around the
world, which may contribute to further instability including in the drybulk
shipping markets. Terrorist attacks, such as the attack on the M.T.
Limburg in Yemen in October 2002, may also negatively affect our trade patterns
or other operations and directly impact our vessels or our
customers. Future terrorist attacks could result in increased
volatility of the financial markets in the United States and globally and could
result in an economic recession in the United States or the
world. Any of these occurrences, or the perception that drybulk
carriers are potential terrorist targets, could have a material adverse impact
on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and
ability to pay dividends.
Compliance with safety and other
vessel requirements imposed by classification societies may be costly and could
reduce our net cash flows and net income.
The hull and machinery of every
commercial vessel must be certified as being "in class" by a classification
society authorized by its country of registry. The classification society
certifies that a vessel is safe and seaworthy in accordance with the applicable
rules and regulations of the country of registry of the vessel and the Safety of
Life at Sea Convention. Our vessels are currently enrolled with the ABS, NK,
DNV, or Lloyd’s, each of which is a member of the International Association of
Classification Societies.
A vessel must undergo annual surveys,
intermediate surveys and special surveys. In lieu of a special survey, a
vessel's machinery may be placed on a continuous survey cycle, under which the
machinery would be surveyed periodically over a five-year period. Our vessels
are on special survey cycles for hull inspection and continuous survey cycles
for machinery inspection. Every vessel is also required to be drydocked every
two to three years for inspection of its underwater parts.
If any vessel does not maintain its
class or fails any annual, intermediate or special survey, the vessel will be
unable to trade between ports and will be unemployable and we could be in
violation of certain covenants in our New Credit Facility, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows,
financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
We may be unable to attract and
retain qualified, skilled employees or crew necessary to operate our
business.
Our
success depends in large part on our ability to attract and retain highly
skilled and qualified personnel. In crewing our vessels, we require
technically skilled employees with specialized training who can perform
physically demanding work. Competition to attract and retain
qualified crew members is intense. We expect crew costs to increase
in 2008. If we are not able to increase our rates to compensate for
any crew cost increases, it could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to
pay dividends. Any inability we experience in the future to hire,
train and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees could impair our
ability to manage, maintain and grow our business.
Labor interruptions could disrupt
our business.
Our vessels are manned by masters,
officers and crews that are employed by third parties. If not resolved in a
timely and cost-effective manner, industrial action or other labor unrest could
prevent or hinder our operations from being carried out normally and could have
a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows,
financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
The smuggling of drugs or other
contraband onto our vessels may lead to governmental claims against
us.
We expect that our vessels will call in
ports in South America and other areas where smugglers attempt to hide drugs and
other contraband on vessels, with or without the knowledge of crew members. To
the extent our vessels are found with contraband, whether inside or attached to
the hull of our vessel and whether with or without the knowledge of any of our
crew, we may face governmental or other regulatory claims which could have an
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial
condition and ability to pay dividends.
22
Arrests of our vessels by maritime
claimants could cause a significant loss of earnings for the related off-hire
period.
Crew
members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and
other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a vessel for
unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a
maritime lienholder may enforce its lien by “arresting” or “attaching” a vessel
through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or
more of our vessels could result in a significant loss of earnings for the
related off-hire period. In addition, in jurisdictions where the
“sister ship” theory of liability applies, a claimant may arrest the vessel
which is subject to the claimant’s maritime lien and any “associated” vessel,
which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. In
countries with “sister ship” liability laws, claims might be asserted against us
or any of our vessels for liabilities of other vessels that we own.
Governments could requisition our
vessels during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of
earnings.
A government of a vessel's registry
could requisition for title or seize our vessels. Requisition for title occurs
when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes the owner. A government
could also requisition our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a
government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes the charterer at
dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or
emergency. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels could
have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash
flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
Rising fuel prices may adversely
affect our profits.
From time
to time, we may operate our vessels on spot charters either directly or by
placing them in pools with similar vessels. Spot charter arrangements
generally provide that the vessel owner or pool operator bear the cost of fuel
(bunkers), which is a significant vessel operating expense. Also, the
cost of fuel may also be a factor in negotiating charter rates in the
future. As a result, an increase in the price of fuel beyond our
expectations may adversely affect our profitability. The price and
supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our
control, including geo-political developments, supply and demand for oil and
gas, actions by members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries and
regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns and
regulations.
Our results of operations are
subject to seasonal fluctuations, which may adversely affect our financial
condition.
We operate our vessels in markets that
have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, as a result,
charter rates. This seasonality may result in quarter-to-quarter
volatility in our operating results, depending on when we enter into our time
charters or if our vessels trade on the spot market. The drybulk
sector is typically stronger in the fall and winter months in anticipation of
increased consumption of coal and raw materials in the northern hemisphere
during the winter months. As a result, our revenues could be weaker
during the fiscal quarters ended June 30 and September 30, and conversely, our
revenue could be stronger during the quarters ended December 31 and March
31. This seasonality could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to
pay dividends.
Company Specific Risk
Factors
Our earnings may be adversely
affected if we do not successfully employ our vessels.
All of the vessels in our fleet are
presently engaged under time charter contracts that expire (assuming the option
periods in the time charters are not exercised) between March 2008 and
November 2011. Although time charters provide relatively steady streams of
revenues, our vessels committed to time charters may not be available for spot
voyages during periods of increasing charterhire rates, when spot voyages might
be more profitable. While current charterhire rates for drybulk carriers are
higher (relative to historical periods), the market is volatile, and in the past
charterhire rates
23
for
drybulk carriers have declined below operating costs of vessels. If our vessels
become available for employment in the spot market or under new time charters
during periods when market prices have fallen, we may have to employ our vessels
at depressed market prices, which would lead to reduced or volatile earnings. We
cannot assure you that future charterhire rates will enable us to operate our
vessels profitably. In addition, our standard time charter contracts
with our customers specify certain performance parameters, which if not met can
result in customer claims. Such claims may have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition
and ability to pay dividends.
If we cannot find profitable
employment for additional vessels that we acquire, our earnings will be
adversely affected.
We generally acquire vessels free of
charter, although we have and may again acquire some vessels with time charters.
In addition, where a vessel has been under voyage charter, it is rare in the
shipping industry for the last charterer of the vessel in the seller's hands to
continue as the first charterer of the vessel in the buyer's hands. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to arrange immediate or profitable employment
for vessels that we acquire. If we cannot do so, it could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial
condition and ability to pay dividends.
We depend upon a small number of
charterers for a large part of our revenues. The loss of one or more of these
charterers could adversely affect our financial performance.
We have derived a significant part of
our revenues from a small number of charterers. For the year ended December 31,
2007, 100% of our revenues were derived from eighteen charterers, for the year
ended December 31, 2006, 100% of our revenues were derived from fourteen
charterers, and for the year ended in December 2005, 97% of our revenues were
derived from twelve charterers. If we were to lose any of these charters, or if
any of these charterers significantly reduced its use of our services or was
unable to make charter payments to us, it could have a material adverse effect
on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and
ability to pay dividends.
Our practice of purchasing and
operating previously owned vessels may result in increased operating costs and
vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings.
All of our drybulk carriers, other than
the Genco Titus, the Genco London and the Genco Constantine, were previously
owned by third parties. Our current business strategy includes additional growth
through the acquisition of previously owned vessels. While we typically inspect
previously owned vessels before purchase, this does not provide us with the same
knowledge about their condition that we would have had if these vessels had been
built for and operated exclusively by us. Accordingly, we may not discover
defects or other problems with such vessels before purchase. Any such hidden
defects or problems, when detected, may be expensive to repair, and if not
detected, may result in accidents or other incidents for which we may become
liable to third parties. Also, when purchasing previously owned vessels, we do
not receive the benefit of any builder warranties if the vessels we buy are
older than one year.
In general, the costs to maintain a
vessel in good operating condition increase with the age of the vessel. Older
vessels are typically less fuel-efficient than more recently constructed vessels
due to improvements in engine technology.
Governmental regulations, safety and
other equipment standards related to the age of vessels may require expenditures
for alterations or the addition of new equipment to some of our vessels and may
restrict the type of activities in which these vessels may engage. We cannot
assure you that, as our vessels age, market conditions will justify those
expenditures or enable us to operate our vessels profitably during the remainder
of their useful lives. As a result, regulations and standards could
have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash
flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends.
24
An increase in operating costs could
adversely affect our cash flow and financial condition.
Our vessel operating expenses include
the costs of crew, provisions, deck and engine stores, insurance and maintenance
and repairs, which depend on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our
control. Some of these costs, primarily relating to insurance and
enhanced security measures implemented after September 11, 2001, have been
increasing. In addition, if we enter the spot charter market in the
future, we will need to include the cost of bunkers as part of our voyage
expenses. The price of fuel is near historical high levels and may
increase in the future. If our vessels suffer damage, they may need
to be repaired at a drydocking facility. The costs of drydock repairs
are unpredictable and can be substantial. Increases in any of these
costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay
dividends.
We depend to a significant degree
upon third-party managers to provide the technical management of our fleet. Any
failure of these technical managers to perform their obligations to us could
adversely affect our business.
We have contracted the technical
management of our fleet, including crewing, maintenance and repair services, to
third-party technical management companies. The failure of these technical
managers to perform their obligations could materially and adversely affect our
business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to
pay dividends. Although we may have rights against our third-party managers if
they default on their obligations to us, our shareholders will share that
recourse only indirectly to the extent that we recover funds.
In the highly competitive
international drybulk shipping industry, we may not be able to compete for
charters with new entrants or established companies with greater
resources.
We employ our vessels in a highly
competitive market that is capital intensive and highly
fragmented. Competition arises primarily from other vessel owners,
some of whom have substantially greater resources than we
do. Competition for the transportation of drybulk cargoes can be
intense and depends on price, location, size, age, condition and the
acceptability of the vessel and its managers to the charterers. Due
in part to the highly fragmented market, competitors with greater resources
could enter and operate larger fleets through consolidations or acquisitions
that may be able to offer better prices and fleets than we are able to
offer.
The aging of our fleet may result in
increased operating costs in the future, which could adversely affect our
earnings.
In
general, the costs to maintain a drybulk carrier in good operating condition
increase with the age of the vessel. The average age of the vessels
in our current fleet is approximately 6.37 years as of February 26,
2008. Older vessels are typically less fuel-efficient and more costly
to maintain than more recently constructed drybulk carriers due to improvements
in engine technology. Cargo insurance rates increase with the age of
a vessel, making older vessels less desirable to charterers.
We cannot assure you that we will
pay dividends, which could reduce the return on your investment in us and the
market value of our common stock.
We will make dividend payments to our
shareholders only if our board of directors, acting in its sole discretion,
determines that such payments would be in our best interest and in compliance
with relevant legal and contractual requirements. The principal
business factors that our board of directors considers when determining the
timing and amount of dividend payments will be our earnings, financial condition
and cash requirements at the time. Currently, the principal
contractual and legal restrictions on our ability to make dividend payments are
those contained in our New Credit Facility and those created by Marshall Islands
law. Under our New Credit Facility, we are permitted to pay or
declare dividends in accordance with our dividend policy so long as no default
or event of default has occurred and is continuing or would result from such
declaration or payment. Marshall Islands law generally prohibits the
declaration and payment of dividends other than from
surplus. Marshall Islands law also prohibits the declaration and
payment of dividends while a company is insolvent or would be rendered insolvent
by the payment of such a dividend.
25
We may incur other expenses or
liabilities that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution
as dividends. We may also enter into new agreements or the Marshall Islands or
another jurisdiction may adopt laws or regulations that place additional
restrictions on our ability to pay dividends. Consequently, we cannot assure you
that dividends will be paid with the frequency indicated in this report or at
all. If for any reason we are unable or elect not to pay dividends, the return
on your investment in us may be reduced below what it would have been had such
dividends been paid.
We may not be able to grow or
effectively manage our growth, which could cause us to incur additional
indebtedness and other liabilities and adversely affect our
business.
A principal focus of our business
strategy is to grow by expanding our business. Our future growth will depend on
a number of factors, some of which we can control and some of which we cannot.
These factors include our ability to:
·
|
identify
vessels for acquisition;
|
·
|
consummate
acquisitions or establish joint
ventures;
|
·
|
integrate
acquired vessels successfully with our existing
operations;
|
·
|
expand
our customer base; and
|
·
|
obtain
required financing for our existing and new
operations.
|
Growing any business by acquisition
presents numerous risks, including undisclosed liabilities and obligations,
difficulty obtaining additional qualified personnel, managing relationships with
customers and suppliers and integrating newly acquired operations into existing
infrastructures. Future acquisitions could result in the incurrence of
additional indebtedness and liabilities that could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition
and ability to pay dividends. In addition, competition from other
buyers for vessels could reduce our acquisition opportunities or cause us to pay
a higher price than we might otherwise pay. We cannot assure you that we will be
successful in executing our growth plans or that we will not incur significant
expenses and losses in connection with these plans.
A decline in the market value of our
vessels could lead to a default under our 2007 Credit Facility and the loss of
our vessels, which would adversely affect our business.
We have entered into a credit agreement
with a syndicate of commercial lenders that provides us with the 2007 Credit
Facility. If the market value of our fleet declines, we may not be in compliance
with certain provisions of our 2007 Credit Facility, and we may not be able to
refinance our debt or obtain additional financing. If we are unable to pledge
additional collateral, our lenders could accelerate our debt. For instance, if
the market value of our vessels declines below approximately 130% of the
aggregate amount outstanding under our 2007 Credit Facility, we will not be in
compliance with certain provisions of the facility, and we may not be able to
refinance our debt or obtain additional financing. The market value of our fleet
is currently above the minimum market value that is required by our 2007 Credit
Facility. However, should our charter rates or vessel values materially decline
in the future due to any of the reasons discussed in the risk factors set forth
above or otherwise, we may be required to take action to reduce our debt or to
act in a manner contrary to our business objectives to satisfy these provisions.
Events beyond our control, including changes in the economic and business
conditions in the shipping industry, may affect our ability to comply with these
covenants. We cannot assure you that we will satisfy all our debt covenants in
the future or that our lenders will waive any failure to do so.
26
Restrictive covenants in our 2007
Credit Facility may impose financial and other restrictions on us which could
negatively impact our growth and adversely affect our
operations.
Our ability to borrow amounts under our
2007 Credit Facility are subject to the satisfaction of certain customary
conditions precedent and compliance with terms and conditions included in the
related credit documents. It is a condition precedent to each drawdown under the
facility that the aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessels must at
all times be at least 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under
the credit facility plus all letters of credit outstanding (determined on a pro
forma basis giving effect to the amount proposed to be drawn down). To the
extent that we are not able to satisfy these requirements, we may not be able to
draw down the full amount under our 2007 Credit Facility without obtaining a
waiver or consent from the lender. In addition, the covenants in our 2007 Credit
Facility include the following requirements:
· The
leverage covenant requires the maximum average net debt to EBITDA to be ratio of
at least 5.5:1.0.
· Cash and
cash equivalents must not be less than $0.5 million per mortgaged
vessel.
· The ratio
of EBITDA to interest expense, on a rolling last four-quarter basis, must be no
less than 2.0:1.0.
·
|
After
July 20, 2007, consolidated net worth must be no less than $263.3 million
plus 80% of the value of any new equity issuances of the Company from June
30, 2007. Based on the equity offering completed in October
2007 the required consolidated net worth is to be no less than
approximately $434.4 million.
|
·
|
The
aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessels must at all times be
at least 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the new
credit facility plus all letters of credit outstanding; the Company has a
30 day remedy period to post additional collateral or reduce the amount of
the revolving loans and/or letters of credit
outstanding.
|
We cannot assure you that we will be
able to comply with these covenants in the future.
Our 2007
Credit Facility imposes operating and financial restrictions on us. These
restrictions may limit our ability to:
·
|
incur
additional indebtedness on satisfactory terms or at
all;
|
·
|
incur
liens on our assets;
|
·
|
sell
our vessels or the capital stock of our
subsidiaries;
|
·
|
make
investments;
|
·
|
engage
in mergers or acquisitions;
|
·
|
pay
dividends (following an event of default or our breach of a
covenant);
|
·
|
make
capital expenditures;
|
·
|
compete
effectively to the extent our competitors are subject to less onerous
financial restrictions; and
|
·
|
change
the management of our vessels or terminate or materially amend the
management agreement relating to any of our
vessels.
|
Therefore, we may need to seek
permission from our lenders in order to engage in some corporate actions. Our
lenders' interests may be different from ours, and we cannot guarantee that we
will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed. This may prevent us
from taking actions that are in our best interest and from executing
our
27
business
strategy of growth through acquisitions and may limit our ability to pay
dividends to you and finance our future operations.
If we are unable to fund our capital
expenditures, we may not be able to continue to operate some of our vessels,
which would have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to
pay dividends.
In order to fund our capital
expenditures, we may be required to incur borrowings or raise capital through
the sale of debt or equity securities. Our ability to borrow money and access
the capital markets through future offerings may be limited by our financial
condition at the time of any such offering as well as by adverse market
conditions resulting from, among other things, general economic conditions and
contingencies and uncertainties that are beyond our control. Our failure to
obtain the funds for necessary future capital expenditures would limit our
ability to continue to operate some of our vessels and could have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash
flows and ability to pay dividends. Even if we are successful in obtaining such
funds through financings, the terms of such financings could further limit our
ability to pay dividends.
We are a holding company, and we
depend on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us in order to
satisfy our financial obligations or to make dividend
payments.
We are a holding company, and our
subsidiaries, which are all wholly owned by us, either directly or indirectly,
conduct all of our operations and own all of our operating assets. We
have no significant assets other than the equity interests in our wholly owned
subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to satisfy our financial
obligations and to pay dividends to our shareholders depends on the ability of
our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us. In turn, the ability of
our subsidiaries to make dividend payments to us will be dependent on them
having profits available for distribution and, to the extent that we are unable
to obtain dividends from our subsidiaries, this will limit the discretion of our
board of directors to pay or recommend the payment of dividends. We
and our subsidiaries will be permitted to pay dividends under our 2007 Credit
Facility only for so long as we are in compliance with all applicable financial
covenants, terms and conditions. In addition, we and our subsidiaries
are subject to limitations on the payment of dividends under Marshall Islands
laws.
Our ability to obtain additional
debt financing may depend on the performance of our then existing charters and
the creditworthiness of our charterers.
The actual or perceived credit quality
of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability
to obtain the additional capital resources that may be required to purchase
additional vessels or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such
capital. Our inability to obtain additional financing at all or at a higher than
anticipated cost may have a material adverse affect on our business, results of
operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay
dividends.
If management is unable to continue
to provide reports as to the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting or our independent registered public accounting firm is
unable to continue to provide us with unqualified attestation reports
as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting,
investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements,
which could result in a decrease in the value of our common
stock.
Under Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in this and each of our
future annual reports on Form 10-K a report containing our management's
assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting
and a related attestation of our independent registered public accounting
firm. If, in future annual reports on Form 10-K, our management
cannot provide a report as to the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting or our independent registered public accounting firm is
unable to provide us with an unqualified attestation report as to the
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as required by
Section 404, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial
statements, which could result in a decrease in the value of our common
stock.
28
If we are unable to operate our
financial and operations systems effectively or to recruit suitable employees as
we expand our fleet, our performance may be adversely
affected.
Our current financial and operating
systems may not be adequate as we implement our plan to expand the size of our
fleet, and our attempts to improve those systems may be ineffective. In
addition, as we expand our fleet, we will have to rely on our outside technical
managers to recruit suitable additional seafarers and shore-based administrative
and management personnel. We cannot assure you that our outside technical
managers will be able to continue to hire suitable employees as we expand our
fleet.
We may be unable to attract and
retain key management personnel and other employees in the shipping industry,
which may negatively affect the effectiveness of our management and our results
of operations.
Our success depends to a significant
extent upon the abilities and efforts of our management team and our ability to
hire and retain key members of our management team. The loss of any of these
individuals could adversely affect our business prospects and financial
condition. Difficulty in hiring and retaining personnel could have a material
adverse effect our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial
condition and ability to pay dividends. We do not intend to maintain
"key man" life insurance on any of our officers.
We may not have adequate insurance to compensate
us if we lose our vessels or to compensate third parties.
There are
a number of risks associated with the operation of ocean-going vessels,
including mechanical failure, collision, human error, war, terrorism, property
loss, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political
circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor
strikes. Any of these events may result in loss of revenues,
increased costs and decreased cash flows. In addition, the operation
of any vessel is subject to the inherent possibility of marine disaster,
including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities
arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.
We are
insured against tort claims and some contractual claims (including claims
related to environmental damage and pollution) through memberships in protection
and indemnity associations or clubs, or P&I Associations. As a
result of such membership, the P&I Associations provide us coverage for such
tort and contractual claims. We also carry hull and machinery
insurance and war risk insurance for our fleet. We insure our vessels
for third party liability claims subject to and in accordance with the rules of
the P&I Associations in which the vessels are entered. We
currently maintain insurance against loss of hire, which covers business
interruptions that result in the loss of use of a vessel. We can give
no assurance that we will be adequately insured against all risks. We
may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage for our fleet in the
future. The insurers may not pay particular claims. Our
insurance policies contain deductibles for which we will be responsible and
limitations and exclusions which may increase our costs or lower our
revenue.
We cannot assure you that we will be
able to renew our insurance policies on the same or commercially reasonable
terms, or at all, in the future. For example, more stringent
environmental regulations have led in the past to increased costs for, and in
the future may result in the lack of availability of, protection and indemnity
insurance against risks of environmental damage or pollution. Any
uninsured or underinsured loss could harm our business, results of operations,
cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends. In
addition, our insurance may be voidable by the insurers as a result of certain
of our actions, such as our ships failing to maintain certification with
applicable maritime self-regulatory organizations. Further, we cannot
assure you that our insurance policies will cover all losses that we incur, or
that disputes over insurance claims will not arise with our insurance
carriers. Any claims covered by insurance would be subject to
deductibles, and since it is possible that a large number of claims may be
brought, the aggregate amount of these deductibles could be
material. In addition, our insurance policies are subject to
limitations and exclusions, which may increase our costs or lower our revenues,
thereby possibly having a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay
dividends.
29
We are subject to funding calls by
our protection and indemnity associations, and our associations may not have
enough resources to cover claims made against them.
We are indemnified for legal
liabilities incurred while operating our vessels through membership in P&I
Associations. P&I Associations are mutual insurance associations
whose members must contribute to cover losses sustained by other association
members. The objective of a P&I Association is to provide mutual
insurance based on the aggregate tonnage of a member's vessels entered into the
association. Claims are paid through the aggregate premiums of all
members of the association, although members remain subject to calls for
additional funds if the aggregate premiums are insufficient to cover claims
submitted to the association. Claims submitted to the association may
include those incurred by members of the association, as well as claims
submitted to the association from other P&I Associations with which our
P&I Association has entered into interassociation agreements. We
cannot assure you that the P&I Associations to which we belong will remain
viable or that we will not become subject to additional funding calls which
could adversely affect us.
We may have to pay tax on U.S.
source income, which would reduce our net income and cash
flows.
If we do not qualify for an exemption
pursuant to Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended,
or the Code, then we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our shipping
income that is derived from U.S. sources. If we are subject to such
tax, our net income and cash flows would be reduced by the amount of such
tax.
We will qualify for exemption under
Section 883 if, among other things, our stock is treated as primarily and
regularly traded on an established securities market in the United
States. Under the related Treasury regulations, we might not satisfy
this publicly traded requirement in any taxable year in which 50% or more of our
stock is owned for more than half the days in such year by persons who actually
or constructively own 5% or more of our stock, or 5% shareholders.
We believe that, based on the ownership
of our stock in 2007, we satisfied the publicly traded requirement under the
Section 883 regulations for 2007. However, if 5% shareholders were to
own more than 50% of our common stock for more than half the days of any future
taxable year, we may not be eligible to claim exemption from tax under Section
883 for such taxable year. We can provide no assurance that changes
and shifts in the ownership of our stock by 5% shareholders will not preclude us
from qualifying for exemption from tax in 2008 or in future years.
If we do not qualify for the Section
883 exemption, our shipping income derived from U.S. sources, or 50% of our
gross shipping income attributable to transportation beginning or ending in the
United States, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed without allowance for
deductions.
U.S. tax authorities could treat us
as a “passive foreign investment company,” which could have adverse U.S. federal
income tax consequences to U.S. holders.
A foreign corporation will be treated
as a “passive foreign investment company,” or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable
year consists of certain types of “passive income” or (2) at least 50% of
the average value of the corporation's assets produce or are held for the
production of those types of “passive income.” For purposes of these tests,
“passive income” includes dividends, interest and gains from the sale or
exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and
royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the
active conduct of a trade or business, as defined in the Treasury
Regulations. For purposes of these tests, income derived from the
performance of services does not constitute “passive income.” U.S. shareholders
of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous U.S. federal income tax regime with
respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from
the PFIC and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of
their shares in the PFIC.
We do not believe that our existing
operations would cause us to be deemed to be a PFIC with respect to any taxable
year. In this regard, we treat the gross income we derive or are
deemed to derive from our time chartering activities as services income, rather
than rental income. Accordingly, we believe that (1) our income from
our time
30
chartering
activities does not constitute “passive income” and (2) the assets that we own
and operate in connection with the production of that income do not constitute
passive assets.
There is, however, no direct legal
authority under the PFIC rules addressing our
operations. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the U.S.
Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, or a court of law will accept our position,
and there is a risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a
PFIC. Moreover, no assurance can be given that we would not be a PFIC
for any future taxable year if there were to be changes in the nature and extent
of our operations.
If the IRS were to find that we are or
have been a PFIC for any taxable year, our U.S. shareholders will face adverse
U.S. tax consequences. Under the PFIC rules, unless a shareholder
makes an election available under the Code (which election could itself have
adverse consequences for such shareholder), such shareholder would be liable to
pay U.S. federal income tax at the highest applicable income tax rates on
ordinary income plus interest upon excess distributions and upon any gain from
the disposition of our common stock, as if the excess distribution or gain had
been recognized ratably over the shareholder's holding period of our common
stock.
Because we generate all of our
revenues in U.S. dollars but incur a portion of our expenses in other
currencies, exchange rate fluctuations could hurt our results of
operations.
We generate all of our revenues in U.S.
dollars, but we may incur drydocking costs and special survey fees in other
currencies. If our expenditures on such costs and fees were significant, and the
U.S. dollar were weak against such currencies, our business, results of
operations, cash flows, financial condition and ability to pay dividends could
be adversely affected.
RISK FACTORS RELATED TO OUR COMMON
STOCK
Fleet Acquisition LLC and Peter
Georgiopoulos own a large portion of our outstanding common stock, which may
limit your ability to influence our actions.
Fleet Acquisition LLC, or Fleet
Acquisition, owns 10.17% of the outstanding shares of our common
stock. Peter C. Georgiopoulos, our Chairman, owns an additional
12.70% of our common stock. As a result of this share ownership and
for so long as these shareholders own a significant percentage of our
outstanding common stock, these shareholders will be able to influence the
outcome of any shareholder vote, including the election of directors, the
adoption or amendment of provisions in our articles of incorporation or bylaws
and possible mergers, corporate control contests and other significant corporate
transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of
delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, merger, consolidation,
takeover or other business combination involving us. This
concentration of ownership could also discourage a potential acquirer from
making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which
could in turn have an adverse effect on the market price of our common
stock.
Because we are a foreign
corporation, you may not have the same rights or protections that a stockholder
in a United States corporation may have.
We are
incorporated in the Marshall Islands, which does not have a well-developed body
of corporate law and may make it more difficult for our shareholders to protect
their interests. Our corporate affairs are governed by our Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation and bylaws and the Marshall Islands
Business Corporations Act, or BCA. The provisions of the BCA resemble
provisions of the corporation laws of a number of states in the United
States. The rights and fiduciary responsibilities of directors under
the law of the Marshall Islands are not as clearly established as the rights and
fiduciary responsibilities of directors under statutes or judicial precedent in
existence in certain U.S. jurisdictions and there have been few judicial cases
in the Marshall Islands interpreting the BCA. Shareholder rights may
differ as well. While the BCA does specifically incorporate the
non-statutory law, or judicial case law, of the State of Delaware and other
states with substantially similar legislative provisions, our public
shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face
of actions by the management, directors or controlling shareholders than
would
31
shareholders
of a corporation incorporated in a U.S. jurisdiction. Therefore, you
may have more difficulty in protecting your interests as a stockholder in the
face of actions by the management, directors or controlling stockholders than
would stockholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States
jurisdiction.
Provisions of our Amended and
Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws may have anti-takeover effects
which could adversely affect the market price of our common
stock.
Several
provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws,
which are summarized below, may have anti-takeover effects. These provisions are
intended to avoid costly takeover battles, lessen our vulnerability to a hostile
change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize
shareholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire our
company. However, these anti-takeover provisions could also discourage, delay or
prevent (1) the merger or acquisition of our company by means of a tender
offer, a proxy contest or otherwise that a shareholder may consider in its best
interest and (2) the removal of incumbent officers and
directors.
Blank Check Preferred
Stock.
Under the terms of our amended and
restated articles of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority,
without any further vote or action by our shareholders, to authorize our
issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. Our board of
directors may issue shares of preferred stock on terms calculated to discourage,
delay or prevent a change of control of our company or the removal of our
management.
Classified Board of
Directors.
Our amended and restated articles of
incorporation provide for the division of our board of directors into three
classes of directors, with each class as nearly equal in number as possible,
serving staggered, three-year terms beginning upon the expiration of the initial
term for each class. Approximately one-third of our board of directors is
elected each year. This classified board provision could discourage a third
party from making a tender offer for our shares or attempting to obtain control
of us. It could also delay shareholders who do not agree with the policies of
our board of directors from removing a majority of our board of directors for up
to two years.
Election and Removal of
Directors.
Our amended and restated articles of
incorporation prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors. Our
bylaws require parties other than the board of directors to give advance written
notice of nominations for the election of directors. Our articles of
incorporation also provide that our directors may be removed only for cause and
only upon the affirmative vote of 662/3% of the outstanding shares of
our capital stock entitled to vote for those directors or by a majority of the
members of the board of directors then in office. These provisions may
discourage, delay or prevent the removal of incumbent officers and
directors.
Limited Actions by
Shareholders.
Our amended and restated articles of
incorporation and our bylaws provide that any action required or permitted to be
taken by our shareholders must be effected at an annual or special meeting of
shareholders or by the unanimous written consent of our shareholders. Our
amended and restated articles of incorporation and our bylaws provide that,
subject to certain exceptions, our Chairman, President, or Secretary at the
direction of the board of directors may call special meetings of our
shareholders and the business transacted at the special meeting is limited to
the purposes stated in the notice.
32
Advance Notice Requirements for
Shareholder Proposals and Director Nominations.
Our bylaws provide that shareholders
seeking to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring business
before an annual meeting of shareholders must provide timely notice of their
proposal in writing to the corporate secretary. Generally, to be timely, a
shareholder's notice must be received at our principal executive offices not
less than 150 days nor more than 180 days before the date on which we
first mailed our proxy materials for the preceding year's annual meeting. Our
bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a shareholder's
notice. These provisions may impede shareholder's ability to bring matters
before an annual meeting of shareholders or make nominations for directors at an
annual meeting of shareholders.
It may not be possible for our
investors to enforce U.S. judgments against us.
We are incorporated in the Republic of
the Marshall Islands and most of our subsidiaries are also organized in the
Marshall Islands. Substantially all of our assets and those of our
subsidiaries are located outside the United States. As a result, it
may be difficult or impossible for United States stockholders to serve process
within the United States upon us or to enforce judgment upon us for civil
liabilities in United States courts. In addition, you should not
assume that courts in the countries in which we are incorporated or where our
assets are located (1) would enforce judgments of United States courts
obtained in actions against based upon the civil liability provisions of
applicable United States federal and state securities laws or (2) would
enforce, in original actions, liabilities against us based upon these
laws.
Future sales of our common stock
could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
The
market price of our common stock could decline due to sales of a large number of
shares in the market, including sales of shares by our large shareholders, or
the perception that these sales could occur. These sales could also
make it more difficult or impossible for us to sell equity securities in the
future at a time and price that we deem appropriate to raise funds through
future offerings of common stock. We have entered into a registration
rights agreement with Fleet Acquisition LLC that entitles it to have all the
shares of our common stock that it owns registered for sale in the public market
under the Securities Act and, pursuant to the registration rights agreement,
registered Fleet Acquisition LLC’s shares on a registration statement on Form
S-3 in February 2007. We also registered on Form S-8 an aggregate of
2,000,000 shares issued or issuable under our equity compensation
plan.
Future issuances of our common stock
could dilute your interest in our company.
We may,
from time to time, issue additional shares of common stock to support our growth
strategy, reduce debt or provide us with capital for other purposes that our
board of directors believes to be in our best interest. To the extent
that you do not purchase additional shares that we may issue, your interest in
our company will be diluted, which means that your percentage of ownership in
our company will be reduced. Following such a reduction, your common
stock would represent a smaller percentage of the vote in our board of
directors’ elections and other shareholder decisions. In addition, if
additional shares are issued, depending on the circumstances, our dividends per
share could be reduced.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF
COMMENTS
Not
applicable.
ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES
We do not own any real property. In
September 2005, we entered into a 15-year lease for office space in New York,
New York. The monthly rental is as follows: Free rent from September
1, 2005 to July 31, 2006, $40,000 per month from August 1, 2006 to August 31,
2010, $43,000 per month from September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2015, and $46,000
per month from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2020. We received a tenant work
credit of $324,000. The monthly straight-line rental expense from
September 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 is $39,000. We have the option
to extend the lease for a period of five years from September 1, 2020 to August
31, 2025. The rent for the renewal period will be based on the
prevailing market rate for the six months prior to the commencement date of the
extension term.
33
Future
minimum rental payments on the above lease for the next five years and
thereafter are as follows: $486,000 per year for 2008 through 2009, $496,000 for
2010, $518,000 for 2011 through 2012 and a total of $4,132,000 for the remaining
term of the lease.
For a
description of our vessels, see “Our Fleet” in Item 1, "Business” in this
report.
We
consider each of our significant properties to be suitable for its intended
use.
ITEM 3. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
We have not been involved in any legal
proceedings which we believe are likely to have, or have had a significant
effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or liquidity,
nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened which we
believe are likely to have a significant effect on our business, financial
position, results of operations or liquidity. From time to time, we may be
subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business,
principally personal injury and property casualty claims. We expect that these
claims would be covered by insurance, subject to customary deductibles. Those
claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the expenditure of significant
financial and managerial resources.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS
TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of
security holders, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise, during the
fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S
COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES
MARKET INFORMATION, HOLDERS AND
DIVIDENDS
Our common stock is traded on the New
York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “GNK”, which commenced April
11, 2007, and was previously traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol
“GSTL” from our initial public offering on July 22, 2005 through April 10,
2007. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low
prices for the common stock as reported by the NYSE and
NASDAQ:
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
|
HIGH
|
LOW
|
||||||
1st
Quarter
|
$ |
33.49
|
$ |
27.29
|
||||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ |
42.47
|
$ |
30.65
|
||||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ |
68.97
|
$ |
40.82
|
||||
4th
Quarter
|
$ |
78.08
|
$ |
50.54
|
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
|
HIGH
|
LOW
|
||||||
1st
Quarter
|
$ |
17.84
|
$ |
15.11
|
||||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ |
18.50
|
$ |
16.00
|
||||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ |
23.94
|
$ |
17.07
|
||||
4th
Quarter
|
$ |
28.68
|
$ |
22.55
|
As of December 31, 2007, there were
approximately 51 holders of record of our common stock.
On July
18, 2005, prior to the closing of the public offering of our common stock, our
board of directors and
34
stockholder
approved a split (in the form of a stock dividend, giving effect to a 27,000:1
common stock split) of our common stock. All share and per share amounts
relating to common stock, included in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements and footnotes, have been restated to reflect the stock split for all
periods presented.
During
October 2007, the Company closed on an equity offering of 3,358,209 shares of
Genco common stock (with the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment
option) at an offering price of $67 per share. The Company received
net proceeds of approximately $213.9 million after deducting underwriters’ fees
and expenses.
Our
dividend policy is to declare quarterly distributions to shareholders, which
commenced in November 2005, by each February, May, August and November
substantially equal to our available cash from operations during the previous
quarter, less cash expenses for that quarter (principally vessel operating
expenses and debt service) and any reserves our board of directors determines we
should maintain. These reserves may cover, among other things, drydocking,
repairs, claims, liabilities and other obligations, interest expense and debt
amortization, acquisitions of additional assets and working
capital. The following table summarizes the dividends declared based
on the results of the respective fiscal quarter:
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
|
Dividend per
share
|
Declaration
date
|
|||
4th
Quarter
|
$ |
0.85
|
2/13/08
|
||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ |
0.66
|
10/25/07
|
||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ |
0.66
|
7/26/07
|
||
1st
Quarter
|
$ |
0.66
|
4/26/07
|
||
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
|
|||||
4th
Quarter
|
$ |
0.66
|
2/8/07
|
||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ |
0.60
|
10/26/06
|
||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ |
0.60
|
7/27/06
|
||
1st
Quarter
|
$ |
0.60
|
4/27/06
|
Our
target rate for quarterly dividends for 2008 is $0.85, although actual
dividends, if declared, may be more or less. In the future, we may
incur other expenses or liabilities or our board of directors may establish
reserves that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution as
dividends.
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN
INFORMATION
The
following table provides information as of December 31, 2007 regarding the
number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the 2005 Equity
Incentive Plan, which is our sole equity compensation plan:
|
|
|
|||||||
Number
of securities to be
issued upon exercise |
Weighted-average
exercise price
of outstanding |
Number of
securities remaining
available for |
|||||||
Plan
category
|
(a)
|
(b)
|
(c)
|
||||||
Equity
compensation plans
approved by security holders
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
1,652,401
|
|||||
Equity
compensation plans not approved by security holders
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
1,652,401
|
35
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
For the years ended December
31,
|
For the period from September
27, 2004 to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||||||||
Income Statement
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for share and per share
amounts)
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ |
185,387
|
$ |
133,232
|
$ |
116,906
|
$ |
1,887
|
||||||||
Operating
Expenses:
|
||||||||||||||||
Voyage
expenses
|
5,100
|
4,710
|
4,287
|
44
|
||||||||||||
Vessel
operating expenses
|
27,622
|
20,903
|
15,135
|
141
|
||||||||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
12,610
|
8,882
|
4,937
|
113
|
||||||||||||
Management
fees
|
1,654
|
1,439
|
1,479
|
27
|
||||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378
|
26,978
|
22,322
|
421
|
||||||||||||
Gain
on Sale of Vessels
|
(27,047 | ) |
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
54,317
|
62,912
|
48,160
|
746
|
||||||||||||
Operating
income
|
131,070
|
70,320
|
68,746
|
1,141
|
||||||||||||
Other
(expense) income
|
(24,261 | ) | (6,798 | ) | (14,264 | ) | (234 | ) | ||||||||
Net
income
|
$ |
106,809
|
$ |
63,522
|
$ |
54,482
|
$ |
907
|
||||||||
Earnings
per share - Basic
|
$ |
4.08
|
$ |
2.51
|
$ |
2.91
|
$ |
0.07
|
||||||||
Earnings
per share - Diluted
|
$ |
4.06
|
$ |
2.51
|
$ |
2.90
|
$ |
0.07
|
||||||||
Dividends
declared and paid per share
|
$ |
2.64
|
$ |
2.40
|
$ |
0.60
|
-
|
|||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Basic
|
26,165,600
|
25,278,726
|
18,751,726
|
13,500,000
|
||||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Diluted
|
26,297,521
|
25,351,297
|
18,755,195
|
13,500,000
|
||||||||||||
Balance Sheet
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands, at end of period)
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ |
71,496
|
$ |
73,554
|
$ |
46,912
|
$ |
7,431
|
||||||||
Total
assets
|
1,653,272
|
578,262
|
489,958
|
201,628
|
||||||||||||
Total
debt (current and long-term)
|
936,000
|
211,933
|
130,683
|
125,766
|
||||||||||||
Total
shareholders’ equity
|
622,185
|
353,533
|
348,242
|
73,374
|
||||||||||||
Other
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
cash flow provided by operating activities
|
$ |
120,862
|
$ |
90,068
|
$ |
88,230
|
$ |
2,718
|
36
Net
cash flow used in investing activities
|
(984,350 | ) | (82,840 | ) | (268,072 | ) | (189,414 | ) | ||||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
861,430
|
19,414
|
219,323
|
194,127
|
||||||||||||
EBITDA
(1)
|
$ |
161,122
|
$ |
100,845
|
$ |
91,743
|
$ |
1,562
|
||||||||
(1)
|
EBITDA
represents net income plus net interest expense, income tax expense,
depreciation and amortization, plus amortization of nonvested stock
compensation, and amortization of the value of time charters acquired
which is included as a component of other long-term assets or fair market
value of time charters acquired. EBITDA is included because it
is used by management and certain investors as a measure of operating
performance. EBITDA is used by analysts in the shipping industry as a
common performance measure to compare results across peers. Our management
uses EBITDA as a performance measure in consolidating internal financial
statements and it is presented for review at our board meetings. EBITDA is
also used by our lenders in certain loan covenants. For these reasons, we
believe that EBITDA is a useful measure to present to our investors.
EBITDA is not an item recognized by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered
as an alternative to net income, operating income or any other indicator
of a company’s operating performance required by U.S. GAAP. EBITDA is not
a source of liquidity or cash flows as shown in our consolidated statement
of cash flows. The definition of EBITDA used here may not be comparable to
that used by other companies. The following table demonstrates
our calculation of EBITDA and provides a reconciliation of EBITDA to net
income for each of the periods presented
above:
|
For the years ended December
31,
|
For the period from September
27, 2004 to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
$ |
106,809
|
$ |
63,522
|
$ |
54,482
|
$ |
907
|
||||||||
Net
interest expense
|
22,996
|
6,906
|
14,264
|
234
|
||||||||||||
Amortization
of value of time charter acquired (1)
|
(5,139 | ) |
1,850
|
398
|
—
|
|||||||||||
Amortization
of nonvested stock compensation
|
2,078
|
1,589
|
277
|
—
|
||||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378
|
26,978
|
22,322
|
421
|
||||||||||||
EBITDA
|
$ |
161,122
|
$ |
100,845
|
$ |
91,743
|
$ |
1,562
|
|
__________
|
(1)
Amortization of liability or asset of time charter acquired is an (increase)
reduction of revenue.
37
For the years ended December
31,
|
For the
period
from
September 27,
2004
to
December
31,
|
|||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
|||||
Fleet
Data:
|
||||||||
Ownership days
(1)
|
||||||||
Capesize
|
403.5
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Panamax
|
2555.0
|
1,923.7
|
1,538.6
|
15.5
|
||||
Supramax
|
37.3
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Handymax
|
2,578.3
|
2,614.4
|
2,046.6
|
26.7
|
||||
Handysize
|
1,860.0
|
1,825.0
|
1,810.9
|
41.8
|
||||
Total
|
7,434.1
|
6,363.1
|
5,396.1
|
84.0
|
||||
Available days
(2)
|
||||||||
Capesize
|
396.8
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Panamax
|
2,535.5
|
1,905.7
|
1,534.4
|
15.5
|
||||
Supramax
|
32.0
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Handymax
|
2,502.5
|
2,552.6
|
2,043.4
|
26.7
|
||||
Handysize
|
1,847.2
|
1,825.0
|
1,810.0
|
41.8
|
||||
Total
|
7,314.0
|
6,283.3
|
5,387.8
|
84.0
|
||||
Operating days
(3)
|
||||||||
Capesize
|
396.8
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Panamax
|
2,473.5
|
1,886.6
|
1,523.2
|
15.5
|
||||
Supramax
|
32.0
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||
Handymax
|
2,483.7
|
2,527.1
|
2,028.1
|
26.7
|
||||
Handysize
|
1,833.8
|
1,822.8
|
1,794.1
|
41.8
|
||||
Total
|
7,219.9
|
6,236.5
|
5,345.4
|
84.0
|
||||
Fleet utilization
(4)
|
||||||||
Capesize
|
100.0 | % |
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||
Panamax
|
97.6 | % | 99.0 | % | 99.3 | % | 100.0 | % |
Supramax
|
100.0 | % |
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||
Handymax
|
99.3 | % | 99.0 | % | 99.3 | % | 100.0 | % |
Handysize
|
99.3 | % | 99.9 | % | 99.1 | % | 100.0 | % |
Fleet average
|
98.7 | % | 99.3 | % | 99.2 | % | 100.0 | % |
38
For the years ended December
31,
|
For the period from September
27, 2004 to
December
31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
Average Daily
Results:
(U.S.
dollars) Time
Charter Equivalent (5) |
||||||||||||||||
Capesize | $ | 68,377 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
Panamax | 26,952 | 24,128 | 25,090 | 41,367 | ||||||||||||
Supramax
|
44,959 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Handymax
|
22,221 | 21,049 | 21,255 | 18,166 | ||||||||||||
Handysize
|
15,034 | 15,788 | 16,955 | 17,191 | ||||||||||||
Fleet
average
|
24,650 | 20,455 | 20,903 | 21,960 | ||||||||||||
Daily vessel operating
expenses (6)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
$ | 4,190 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
Panamax
|
4,261 | 3,615 | 3,061 | 2,101 | ||||||||||||
Supramax
|
4,334 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Handymax
|
3,395 | 3,228 | 2,796 | 1,577 | ||||||||||||
Handysize
|
3,295 | 3,019 | 2,597 | 1,597 | ||||||||||||
Fleet average
|
3,716 | 3,285 | 2,805 | 1,683 |
(1) We
define ownership days as the aggregate number of days in a period during which
each vessel in our fleet has been owned by us. Ownership days are an indicator
of the size of our fleet over a period and affect both the amount of revenues
and the amount of expenses that we record during a period.
(2) We
define available days as the number of our ownership days less the aggregate
number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to scheduled repairs or repairs
under guarantee, vessel upgrades or special surveys and the aggregate amount of
time that we spend positioning our vessels. Companies in the shipping industry
generally use available days to measure the number of days in a period during
which vessels should be capable of generating revenues.
(3) We
define operating days as the number of our available days in a period less the
aggregate number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to unforeseen
circumstances. The shipping industry uses operating days to measure the
aggregate number of days in a period during which vessels actually generate
revenues.
(4) We
calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our operating days during
a period by the number of our available days during the period. The shipping
industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company’s efficiency in finding
suitable employment for its vessels and minimizing the number of days that its
vessels are off-hire for reasons other than scheduled repairs or repairs under
guarantee, vessel upgrades, special surveys or vessel positioning.
(5) We
define TCE rates as our net voyage revenue (voyage revenues less voyage
expenses) divided by the number of our available days during the period, which
is consistent with industry standards. TCE rate is a common shipping industry
performance measure used primarily to compare daily earnings generated by
vessels on time charters with daily earnings generated by vessels on voyage
charters, because charterhire rates for vessels on voyage charters are generally
not expressed in per-day amounts while charterhire rates for vessels on time
charters generally are expressed in such amounts.
39
For the years ended December
31,
|
For
the period from September 27, 2004 to December
31,
|
|||||||||||||||
Income statement data |
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands))
|
||||||||||||||||
Time Charter Equivalent
(5)
|
||||||||||||||||
Voyage
revenues
|
$ | 185,387 | $ | 133,232 | $ | 116,906 | $ | 1,887 | ||||||||
Voyage
expenses
|
5,100 | 4,710 | 4,287 | 44 | ||||||||||||
Net
voyage revenue
|
$ | 180,287 | $ | 128,522 | $ | 112,619 | $ | 1,843 | ||||||||
(6) We
define daily vessel operating expenses to include crew wages and related costs,
the cost of insurance, expenses relating to repairs and maintenance (excluding
drydocking), the costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other
miscellaneous expenses. Daily vessel operating expenses are calculated by
dividing vessel operating expenses by ownership days for the relevant
period.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
General
We are a
Marshall Islands company incorporated in September 2004 to transport iron
ore, coal, grain, steel products and other drybulk cargoes along worldwide
shipping routes through the ownership and operation of drybulk carrier vessels.
As of February 26, 2008, our fleet consisted of five Capesize, six Panamax,
three Supramax, six Handymax and eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with an
aggregate carrying capacity of approximately 2,020,000 dwt, and the average age
of our fleet was approximately 6.37 years, as compared to the average age for
the world fleet of approximately 16 years for the drybulk shipping segments in
which we compete. All of the vessels in our fleet are on time charters to
reputable charterers, including Lauritzen Bulkers, Cargill, HMMC, SK, STX,
Pacbasin, DS Norden, A/S Klaveness, Cosco Bulk Carrier Co., Ltd., and NYK
Europe. All of the vessels in our fleet are presently engaged under time charter
contracts that expire (assuming the option periods in the time charters are not
exercised) between March 2008 and November 2011.
See page
F-7 for a table indicating the delivery dates of all vessels currently in our
fleet.
We intend
to grow our fleet through timely and selective acquisitions of vessels in a
manner that is accretive to our cash flow. In connection with this growth
strategy, we negotiated the 2007 Credit Facility, for the purpose of acquiring
the nine new Capesize vessels, refinancing the outstanding indebtedness under
our previous credit facilities, and acquiring additional vessels, including the
six drybulk vessels acquired in August 2007 from affiliates of Evalend Shipping
Co. S.A.
Our
management team and our other employees are responsible for the commercial and
strategic management of our fleet. Commercial management includes the
negotiation of charters for vessels, managing the mix of various types of
charters, such as time charters and voyage charters, and monitoring the
performance of our vessels under their charters. Strategic management includes
locating, purchasing, financing and selling vessels. We currently contract with
three independent technical managers, to provide technical management of our
fleet at a lower cost than we believe would be possible in-house. Technical
management involves the day-to-day management of vessels, including performing
routine maintenance, attending to vessel operations and arranging for crews and
supplies. Members of our New York City-based management team oversee the
activities of our independent technical managers.
|
Year ended December 31, 2007
compared to the year ended December 31,
2006
|
|
Factors Affecting Our Results
of Operations
|
We
believe that the following table reflects important measures for analyzing
trends in our results of operations. The table reflects our ownership
days, available days, operating days, fleet utilization, TCE rates and daily
vessel operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006.
40
For the years
ended
December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
(Decrease)
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||||||
Fleet
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
Ownership days
(1)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
403.5
|
—
|
403.5
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Panamax
|
2555.0
|
1,923.7
|
631.3
|
32.8 | % | |||||||||||
Supramax
|
37.3
|
—
|
37.3
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,578.3
|
2,614.4
|
(36.1 | ) | (1.4 | %) | ||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,860.0
|
1,825.0
|
35.0
|
1.9 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
7,434.1
|
6,363.1
|
1,071.0
|
16.8 | % | |||||||||||
Available days
(2)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
396.8
|
—
|
396.8
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Panamax
|
2,535.5
|
1,905.7
|
629.8
|
33.0 | % | |||||||||||
Supramax
|
32.0
|
—
|
32.0
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,502.5
|
2,552.6
|
(50.1 | ) | (2.0 | %) | ||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,847.2
|
1,825.0
|
22.2
|
1.2 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
7,314.0
|
6,283.3
|
1,030.7
|
16.4 | % | |||||||||||
Operating days
(3)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
396.8
|
—
|
396.8
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Panamax
|
2,473.5
|
1,886.6
|
586.9
|
31.1 | % | |||||||||||
Supramax
|
32.0
|
—
|
32.0
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,483.7
|
2,527.1
|
(43.4 | ) | (1.7 | %) | ||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,833.8
|
1,822.8
|
11.0
|
0.6 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
7,219.9
|
6,236.5
|
983.4
|
15.8 | % | |||||||||||
Fleet utilization
(4)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
100.0 | % |
—
|
100.0 | % |
N/A
|
||||||||||
Panamax
|
97.6 | % | 99.0 | % | (1.4 | %) | (1.4 | %) | ||||||||
Supramax
|
100.0 | % |
—
|
100.0 | % |
N/A
|
||||||||||
Handymax
|
99.3 | % | 99.0 | % | 0.3 | % | 0.3 | % | ||||||||
Handysize
|
99.3 | % | 99.9 | % | (0.6 | %) | (0.6 | %) | ||||||||
Fleet average
|
98.7 | % | 99.3 | % | (0.6 | %) | (0.6 | %) | ||||||||
For the years ended December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
(Decrease)
|
% Change
|
|||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars)
|
||||||||||||||||
Average Daily
Results:
|
||||||||||||||||
Time Charter Equivalent
(5)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
$ |
68,377
|
$ |
—
|
$ |
68,377
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
Panamax
|
26,952
|
24,128
|
2,824
|
11.7 | % |
41
Supramax
|
44,959
|
—
|
44,959
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Handymax
|
22,221
|
21,049
|
1,172
|
5.6 | % | |||||||||||
Handysize
|
15,034
|
15,788
|
(754 | ) | (4.8 | %) | ||||||||||
Fleet
average
|
24,650
|
20,455
|
4,195
|
20.5 | % | |||||||||||
Daily vessel operating
expenses (6)
|
||||||||||||||||
Capesize
|
$ |
4,190
|
$ |
—
|
$ |
4,190
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
Panamax
|
4,261
|
3,615
|
646
|
17.9 | % | |||||||||||
Supramax
|
4,334
|
—
|
4,334
|
N/A
|
||||||||||||
Handymax
|
3,395
|
3,228
|
167
|
5.2 | % | |||||||||||
Handysize
|
3,295
|
3,019
|
276
|
9.1 | % | |||||||||||
Fleet average
|
3,716
|
3,285
|
431
|
13.1 | % |
(1) We
define ownership days as the aggregate number of days in a period during which
each vessel in our fleet has been owned by us. Ownership days are an indicator
of the size of our fleet over a period and affect both the amount of revenues
and the amount of expenses that we record during a period.
(2) We
define available days as the number of our ownership days less the aggregate
number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to scheduled repairs or repairs
under guarantee, vessel upgrades or special surveys and the aggregate amount of
time that we spend positioning our vessels. Companies in the shipping industry
generally use available days to measure the number of days in a period during
which vessels should be capable of generating revenues.
(3) We
define operating days as the number of our available days in a period less the
aggregate number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to unforeseen
circumstances. The shipping industry uses operating days to measure the
aggregate number of days in a period during which vessels actually generate
revenues.
(4) We
calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our operating days during
a period by the number of our available days during the period. The shipping
industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company’s efficiency in finding
suitable employment for its vessels and minimizing the number of days that its
vessels are off-hire for reasons other than scheduled repairs or repairs under
guarantee, vessel upgrades, special surveys or vessel positioning.
(5) We
define TCE rates as net voyage revenue (voyage revenues less voyage expenses)
divided by the number of our available days during the period, which is
consistent with industry standards. TCE rate is a common shipping industry
performance measure used primarily to compare daily earnings generated by
vessels on time charters with daily earnings generated by vessels on voyage
charters, because charterhire rates for vessels on voyage charters are generally
not expressed in per-day amounts while charterhire rates for vessels on time
charters generally are expressed in such amounts.
For the years endedDecember
31,
|
||
2007
|
2006
|
|
Income statement
data
|
||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
||
Voyage
revenues
|
$
185,387
|
$
133,232
|
Voyage
expenses
|
5,100
|
4,710
|
Net
voyage revenue
|
$
180,287
|
$
128,522
|
42
(6) We
define daily vessel operating expenses to include crew wages and related costs,
the cost of insurance, expenses relating to repairs and maintenance (excluding
drydocking), the costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other
miscellaneous expenses. Daily vessel operating expenses are calculated by
dividing vessel operating expenses by ownership days for the relevant
period.
|
Operating
Data
|
The
following compares our operating income and net income for the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006.
For the years ended December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
(Decrease)
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||||||
Income Statement
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ |
185,387
|
$ |
133,232
|
$ |
52,155
|
39.1 | % | ||||||||
Operating
Expenses:
|
||||||||||||||||
Voyage
expenses
|
5,100
|
4,710
|
390
|
8.3 | % | |||||||||||
Vessel
operating expenses
|
27,622
|
20,903
|
6,719
|
32.1 | % | |||||||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
12,610
|
8,882
|
3,728
|
42.0 | % | |||||||||||
Management
fees
|
1,654
|
1,439
|
215
|
14.9 | % | |||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378
|
26,978
|
7,400
|
27.4 | % | |||||||||||
Gain
on sale of vessels
|
(27,047 | ) |
-
|
27,047
|
N/A
|
|||||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
54,317
|
62,912
|
(8,595 | ) | (13.7 | %) | ||||||||||
Operating
income
|
131,070
|
70,320
|
60,750
|
86.4 | % | |||||||||||
Other
(expense) income
|
(24,261 | ) | (6,798 | ) | (17,463 | ) | 256.9 | % | ||||||||
Net
income
|
$ |
106,809
|
$ |
63,522
|
$ |
43,287
|
68.1 | % | ||||||||
Earnings
per share - Basic
|
$ |
4.08
|
$ |
2.51
|
$ |
1.57
|
62.5 | % | ||||||||
Earnings
per share - Diluted
|
$ |
4.06
|
$ |
2.51
|
$ |
1.55
|
61.8 | % | ||||||||
Dividends
declared and paid per share
|
$ |
2.64
|
$ |
2.40
|
$ |
0.
24
|
10.0 | % | ||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Basic
|
26,165,600
|
25,278,726
|
886,874
|
3.5 | % | |||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Diluted
|
26,297,521
|
25,351,297
|
946,224
|
3.7 | % | |||||||||||
Balance Sheet
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands,
at
end of period)
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ |
71,496
|
$ |
73,554
|
$ | (2,058 | ) | (2.8 | %) | |||||||
Total
assets
|
1,653,272
|
578,262
|
1,075,010
|
185.9 | % | |||||||||||
Total
debt (current and long-term)
|
936,000
|
211,933
|
724,067
|
341.6 | % | |||||||||||
Total
shareholders’ equity
|
622,185
|
353,533
|
268,652
|
76.0 | % |
43
Other
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
cash flow provided by operating activities
|
$ |
120,862
|
$ |
90,068
|
$ |
30,794
|
34.2 | % | ||||||||
Net
cash flow used in investing activities
|
(984,350 | ) | (82,840 | ) | (901,510 | ) | 1,088.3 | % | ||||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
861,430
|
19,414
|
842,016
|
4,337.2 | % | |||||||||||
EBITDA
(1)
|
$ |
161,122
|
$ |
100,845
|
$ |
60,277
|
59.8 | % | ||||||||
(1)
|
EBITDA
represents net income plus net interest expense, income tax expense,
depreciation and amortization, plus amortization of nonvested stock
compensation, and amortization of the value of time charters acquired
which is included as a component of other long-term assets or fair market
value of time charters acquired. EBITDA is included because it
is used by management and certain investors as a measure of operating
performance. EBITDA is used by analysts in the shipping
industry as a common performance measure to compare results across peers.
Our management uses EBITDA as a performance measure in consolidating
internal financial statements and it is presented for review at our board
meetings. EBITDA is also used by our lenders in certain loan covenants.
For these reasons, we believe that EBITDA is a useful measure to present
to our investors. EBITDA is not an item recognized by U.S. GAAP and should
not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income or any
other indicator of a company’s operating performance required by U.S.
GAAP. EBITDA is not a source of liquidity or cash flows as
shown in our consolidated statement of cash flows. The definition of
EBITDA used here may not be comparable to that used by other
companies. The following table demonstrates our calculation of
EBITDA and provides a reconciliation
of
|
EBITDA to
net income for each of the periods presented above:
For the years ended December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
|
||||||||
Net
income
|
$ |
106,809
|
$ |
63,522
|
||||
Net
interest expense
|
22,996
|
6,906
|
||||||
Amortization
of value of time charter acquired (*)
|
(5,139 | ) |
1,850
|
|||||
Amortization
of nonvested stock compensation
|
2,078
|
1,589
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378
|
26,978
|
||||||
EBITDA
|
$ |
161,
122
|
$ |
100,845
|
|
(*)
Amortization of liability or asset of time charter acquired is an
(increase) reduction of revenue.
|
44
|
Results of
Operations
|
REVENUES-
Our
revenues are driven primarily by the number of vessels in our fleet, the number
of days during which our vessels operate and the amount of daily charterhire
that our vessels earn, that, in turn, are affected by a number of factors,
including:
·
|
the
duration of our charters;
|
·
|
our
decisions relating to vessel acquisitions and
disposals;
|
·
|
the
amount of time that we spend positioning our
vessels;
|
·
|
the
amount of time that our vessels spend in drydock undergoing
repairs;
|
·
|
maintenance
and upgrade work;
|
·
|
the
age, condition and specifications of our
vessels;
|
·
|
levels
of supply and demand in the drybulk shipping industry;
and
|
·
|
other
factors affecting spot market charter rates for drybulk
carriers.
|
For 2007,
revenues grew 39.1% to $185.4 million versus $133.2 million for
2006. Revenues in both periods consisted of charter payments for our
vessels. The increase in revenues was primarily due to the growth of
our fleet during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, as well as higher
TCE rates obtained for all Panamax vessels and three Handymax vessels, off-set
by lower rates for the five Handysize vessels chartered to
Lauritzen.
The
average TCE rate of our fleet increased to $24,650 a day for 2007 from $20,455 a
day for 2006. The increase in TCE rates was primarily due to higher
time charter rates achieved in 2007 versus the prior year for all of the Panamax
vessels, as well as 3 of the Handymax vessels in our current
fleet. Additionally, included in the TCE rates for the third and
fourth quarter of 2007 are the time charter rates for the four Capesize vessels
from the Metrostar acquisition and three Supramax vessels from the Evalend
acquisition that furthered the Company’s TCE rate in comparison to the 2006
period. The increase was countered by lower charter rates achieved in
2007 versus 2006 for the five Handysize vessels on charter with Lauritzen
Bulkers A/S, which commenced their time charter contracts at $13,500 per vessel
per day during the third quarter of 2006. The five Handysize vessels commenced
time charter extensions at higher rates of $19,500 per vessel per day on
September 5, 2007.
For 2007
and 2006, we had ownership days of 7,434.1 days and 6,363.1 days,
respectively. Fleet utilization for 2007 and 2006 was 98.7% and
99.3%, respectively. The decline in utilization was due primarily to
the unscheduled offhire of approximately 50 days in aggregate for the Genco
Trader, Genco Glory and Genco Sugar associated with maintenance and other
delays.
Please
see page 7 for a table that sets forth information about the current
employment of the vessels currently in our fleet as of February 26,
2008.
VOYAGE
EXPENSES-
Voyage
expenses include port and canal charges, fuel (bunker) expenses and brokerage
commissions payable to unaffiliated third parties. Port and canal charges and
bunker expenses primarily increase in periods during which vessels are employed
on voyage charters because these expenses are for the account of the vessel
owner.
45
For the
years ended 2007 and 2006, we did not incur port and canal charges or any
significant expenses related to the consumption of bunkers as part of our
vessels’ overall expenses, because all of our vessels were employed under time
charters that require the charterer to bear all of those expenses.
For 2007
and 2006, voyage expenses were $5.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively,
and consisted primarily of brokerage commissions paid to third
parties.
VESSEL
OPERATING EXPENSES-
Vessel
operating expenses increased to $27.6 million from $20.9 million for 2007 and
2006, respectively. This was mostly due to the expansion of our fleet
during 2007 as compared to 2006. Furthermore, the increased costs
were due to an increase in crewing, repairs and maintenance and lube
costs.
For 2007
and 2006, the average daily vessel operating expenses for our fleet were $3,716
and $3,285 per day, respectively. This increase was mostly due to
increased costs for crewing, repairs and maintenance and lube
costs. We believe daily vessel operating expenses are best measured
for comparative purposes over a 12-month period in order to take into account
all of the expenses that each vessel in our fleet will incur over a full year of
operation.
Our
vessel operating expenses, which generally represent fixed costs, will increase
as a result of the expansion of our fleet. Other factors beyond our control,
some of which may affect the shipping industry in general, including, for
instance, developments relating to market prices for insurance, may also cause
these expenses to increase. The Company increased its 2008 budget
based on the anticipated increased cost for crewing and lubes.
Based on
management’s estimates and budgets provided by our technical manager, we expect
our vessels to have daily vessel operating expenses during 2008 of:
Vessel
Type
|
Average
Daily
Budgeted
Amount
|
|||
Capesize
|
$ |
5,200
|
||
Panamax
|
5,150
|
|||
Supramax
|
4,250
|
|||
Handymax
|
4,700
|
|||
Handysize
|
4,200
|
|||
GENERAL
AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES-
We incur
general and administrative expenses, which relate to our onshore
non-vessel-related activities. Our general and administrative expenses include
our payroll expenses, including those relating to our executive officers, rent,
legal, auditing and other professional expenses.
For 2007
and 2006, general and administrative expenses were $12.6 million and
$8.9 million, respectively. The increased general and
administrative expenses were mainly due to higher professional expenses,
including professional fees associated with the sale of shares by Fleet
Acquisition LLC during the first quarter of 2007, costs associated with higher
employee non-cash compensation and other employee related costs.
MANAGEMENT
FEES-
We incur management fees to third-party
technical management companies for the day-to-day management of
46
our
vessels, including performing routine maintenance, attending to vessel
operations and arranging for crews and supplies. For 2007 and 2006,
management fees were $1.7 million and $1.4 million,
respectively. The increase was due primarily to increased rates
charged by the management companies we use as well to as the operation of a
larger fleet.
DEPRECIATION
AND AMORTIZATION-
We
depreciate the cost of our vessels on a straight-line basis over the expected
useful life of each vessel. Depreciation is based on the cost of the vessel less
its estimated residual value. We estimate the useful life of our vessels to be
25 years, which we believe is an industry standard in the drybulk shipping
industry. Furthermore, we estimate the residual values of our vessels to be
based upon $175 per lightweight ton, which we believe is also a standard in the
drybulk shipping industry.
For years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, depreciation and amortization charges were
$34.4 million and $27.0 million, respectively, an increase of $7.4
million. The increase primarily was due to the growth in our fleet
during 2007 as compared to 2006.
GAIN ON
SALE OF VESSELS-
For year
ended December 31, 2007, the gain on the sale of vessels was $27.0 million
attributable to the sale of the Genco Glory and Genco
Commander. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company did
not sell any vessels.
OTHER
(EXPENSE) INCOME-
(LOSS)
INCOME FROM DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS-
Effective August 16, 2007, the Company
has elected hedge accounting for forward currency contracts in place associated
with the cost basis of shares of Jinhui stock it has purchased. For further details of
the application of hedge accounting, please refer to the discussion under the
subheading “Currency risk management” on page 64. For 2007 and 2006,
(loss) income from derivative instruments was ($1.3) million and $0.1 million,
respectively. The net loss is primarily attributable to the forward
currency contracts associated with Jinhui prior to electing hedge
accounting. The gain in 2006 is due solely to the gain in value of
the Company’s two interest rate swaps with DnB NOR Bank having fixed rates of
5.075% and 5.25%, respectively, prior to being designated against
borrowings.
|
NET
INTEREST EXPENSE-
|
For 2007
and 2006, net interest expense was $23.0 million and $6.9 million,
respectively. Net interest expense consisted mostly of interest
payments made under our 2005 Credit Facility, the Short-term Line, and the 2007
Credit Facility. During the third quarter of 2007, the Company
refinanced the 2005 Credit Facility and the Short-term Line with the 2007 Credit
Facility resulting in a non-cash charge of $3.6 million associated with the
write-down of unamortized deferred bank charges related to our former
facilities. Additionally, the Company capitalized certain interest
costs associated with seven of the Capesize vessels under
construction. Interest income as well as amortization of deferred
financing costs related to our respective credit facilities is included in both
periods. The increase in net interest expense for 2007 versus 2006
was mostly a result of higher outstanding debt due to the acquisition of nine
vessels in the second half of 2007, and interest expense associated with the
borrowings used for the purchase of Jinhui stock.
47
Year
ended December 31, 2006 compared to the year ended December 31,
2005
|
Factors
Affecting Our Results of Operations
|
We
believe that the following table reflects important measures for analyzing
trends in our results of operations. The table reflects our ownership
days, available days, operating days, fleet utilization, TCE rates and daily
vessel operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2005.
For the years ended December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
(Decrease)
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||||||
Fleet
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
Ownership
days (1)
|
||||||||||||||||
Panamax
|
1,923.7 | 1,538.6 | 385.1 | 25.0 | % | |||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,614.4 | 2,046.6 | 567.8 | 27.7 | % | |||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,825.0 | 1,810.9 | 14.1 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
6,363.1 | 5,396.1 | 967.0 | 17.9 | % | |||||||||||
Available
days (2)
|
||||||||||||||||
Panamax
|
1,905.7 | 1,534.4 | 371.3 | 24.2 | % | |||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,552.6 | 2,043.4 | 509.2 | 24.9 | % | |||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,825.0 | 1,810.0 | 15.0 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
6,283.3 | 5,387.8 | 895.5 | 16.6 | % | |||||||||||
Operating
days (3)
|
||||||||||||||||
Panamax
|
1,886.6 | 1,523.2 | 363.4 | 23.9 | % | |||||||||||
Handymax
|
2,527.1 | 2,028.1 | 499.0 | 24.6 | % | |||||||||||
Handysize
|
1,822.8 | 1,794.1 | 28.7 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||
Total
|
6,236.5 | 5,345.4 | 891.1 | 16.7 | % | |||||||||||
Fleet utilization
(4)
|
||||||||||||||||
Panamax
|
99.0 | % | 99.3 | % | (0.3 | %) | (0.3 | %) | ||||||||
Handymax
|
99.0 | % | 99.3 | % | (0.3 | %) | (0.3 | %) | ||||||||
Handysize
|
99.9 | % | 99.1 | % | 0.8 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||||||
Fleet average
|
99.3 | % | 99.2 | % | 0.1 | % | 0.1 | % | ||||||||
48
For the years ended December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
(Decrease)
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||
(U.S.
dollars)
|
||||||||||||
Average
Daily Results:
|
||||||||||||
Time
Charter Equivalent (5)
|
||||||||||||
Panamax
|
$ | 24,128 | $ | 25,090 | $ | (962 | ) | (3.8 | %) | |||
Handymax
|
21,049 | 21,255 | (206 | ) | (1.0 | %) | ||||||
Handysize
|
15,788 | 16,955 | (1,167 | ) | (6.9 | %) | ||||||
Fleet
average
|
20,455 | 20,903 | (448 | ) | (2.1 | %) | ||||||
Daily
vessel operating expenses (6)
|
||||||||||||
Panamax
|
$ | 3,615 | $ | 3,061 | $ | 554 | 18.1 | % | ||||
Handymax
|
3,228 | 2,796 | 432 | 15.5 | % | |||||||
Handysize
|
3,019 | 2,597 | 422 | 16.2 | % | |||||||
Fleet average
|
3,285 | 2,805 | 480 | 17.1 | % |
(1) We
define ownership days as the aggregate number of days in a period during which
each vessel in our fleet has been owned by us. Ownership days are an indicator
of the size of our fleet over a period and affect both the amount of revenues
and the amount of expenses that we record during a period.
(2) We
define available days as the number of our ownership days less the aggregate
number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to scheduled repairs or repairs
under guarantee, vessel upgrades or special surveys and the aggregate amount of
time that we spend positioning our vessels. Companies in the shipping industry
generally use available days to measure the number of days in a period during
which vessels should be capable of generating revenues.
(3) We
define operating days as the number of our available days in a period less the
aggregate number of days that our vessels are off-hire due to unforeseen
circumstances. The shipping industry uses operating days to measure the
aggregate number of days in a period during which vessels actually generate
revenues.
(4) We
calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our operating days during
a period by the number of our available days during the period. The shipping
industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company’s efficiency in finding
suitable employment for its vessels and minimizing the number of days that its
vessels are off-hire for reasons other than scheduled repairs or repairs under
guarantee, vessel upgrades, special surveys or vessel positioning.
(5) We
define TCE rates as net voyage revenue (voyage revenues less voyage expenses)
divided by the number of our available days during the period, which is
consistent with industry standards. TCE rate is a common shipping industry
performance measure used primarily to compare daily earnings generated by
vessels on time charters with daily earnings generated by vessels on voyage
charters, because charterhire rates for vessels on voyage charters are generally
not expressed in per-day amounts while charterhire rates for vessels on time
charters generally are expressed in such amounts.
For the years
ended
December 31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Income statement data
|
|||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
|||||||
Voyage
revenues
|
$ | 133,232 | $ | 116,906 | |||
Voyage
expenses
|
4,710 | 4,287 | |||||
Net
voyage revenue
|
$ | 128,522 | $ | 112,619 | |||
49
(6) We
define daily vessel operating expenses to include crew wages and related costs,
the cost of insurance, expenses relating to repairs and maintenance (excluding
drydocking), the costs of spares and consumable stores, tonnage taxes and other
miscellaneous expenses. Daily vessel operating expenses are calculated by
dividing vessel operating expenses by ownership days for the relevant
period.
|
Operating
Data
|
The
following discusses our operating income and net income for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005.
For the years ended December
31,
|
Increase
|
|||||||||||||||
2006
|
2005
|
(Decrease)
|
%
Change
|
|||||||||||||
Income
Statement Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ | 133,232 | $ | 116,906 | $ | 16,326 | 14.0 | % | ||||||||
Operating
Expenses:
|
||||||||||||||||
Voyage
expenses
|
4,710 | 4,287 | 423 | 9.9 | % | |||||||||||
Vessel
operating expenses
|
20,903 | 15,135 | 5,768 | 38.1 | % | |||||||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
8,882 | 4,937 | 3,945 | 79.9 | % | |||||||||||
Management
fees
|
1,439 | 1,479 | (40 | ) | (2.7 | %) | ||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
26,978 | 22,322 | 4,656 | 20.9 | % | |||||||||||
Total operating
expenses
|
62,912 | 48,160 | 14,752 | 30.6 | % | |||||||||||
Operating
income
|
70,320 | 68,746 | 1,574 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||||
Other
(expense) income
|
(6,798 | ) | (14,264 | ) | 7,466 | 52.3 | % | |||||||||
Net
income
|
$ | 63,522 | $ | 54,482 | $ | 9,040 | 16.6 | % | ||||||||
Earnings
per share - Basic
|
$ | 2.51 | $ | 2.91 | $ | (0.40 | ) | (13.7 | %) | |||||||
Earnings
per share - Diluted
|
$ | 2.51 | $ | 2.90 | $ | (0.39 | ) | (13.4 | %) | |||||||
Dividends
declared and paid per share
|
$ | 2.40 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 1.80 | 300.0 | % | ||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Basic
|
25,278,726 | 18,751,726 | 6,527,000 | 34.8 | % | |||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Diluted
|
25,351,297 | 18,755,195 | 6,596,102 | 35.2 | % | |||||||||||
Balance
Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands, at end of period)
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ | 73,554 | $ | 46,912 | $ | 26,642 | 56.8 | % | ||||||||
Total
assets
|
578,262 | 489,958 | 88,304 | 18.0 | % | |||||||||||
Total
debt (current and long-term)
|
211,933 | 130,683 | 81,250 | 62.2 | % | |||||||||||
Total
shareholders’ equity
|
353,533 | 348,242 | 5,291 | 1.5 | % |
50
Other
Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
cash flow provided by operating activities
|
$ | 90,068 | $ | 88,230 | $ | 1,838 | 2.1 | % | ||||||||
Net
cash flow used in investing activities
|
(82,840 | ) | (268,072 | ) | 185,232 | (69.1 | %) | |||||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
19,414 | 219,323 | (199,909 | ) | (91.1 | %) | ||||||||||
EBITDA
(1)
|
$ | 100,845 | $ | 91,743 | $ | 9,102 | 9.9 | % |
(1)
|
EBITDA
represents net income plus net interest expense, income tax expense,
depreciation and amortization, plus amortization of nonvested stock
compensation, and amortization of the value of time charters acquired
which is included as a component of other long-term assets or fair market
of time charters acquired. EBITDA is included because it is
used by management and certain investors as a measure of operating
performance. EBITDA is used by analysts in the shipping
industry as a common performance measure to compare results across peers.
Our management uses EBITDA as a performance measure in consolidating
internal financial statements and it is presented for review at our board
meetings. EBITDA is also used by our lenders in certain loan covenants.
For these reasons, we believe that EBITDA is a useful measure to present
to our investors. EBITDA is not an item recognized by U.S. GAAP
and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating
income or any other indicator of a company’s operating performance
required by U.S. GAAP. EBITDA is not a source of liquidity or
cash flows as shown in our consolidated statement of cash flows. The
definition of EBITDA used here may not be comparable to that used by other
companies. The following table demonstrates our calculation of
EBITDA and provides a reconciliation
of
|
EBITDA to
net income for each of the periods presented above:
For the years ended December
31,
|
|||||||
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands except for per share amounts)
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$ | 63,522 | $ | 54,482 | |||
Net
interest expense
|
6,906 | 14,264 | |||||
Amortization
of value of time charter acquired (*)
|
1,850 | 398 | |||||
Amortization
of nonvested stock compensation
|
1,589 | 277 | |||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
26,978 | 22,322 | |||||
EBITDA
|
$ | 100,845 | $ | 91,743 |
|
(*)
Amortization of liability or asset of time charter acquired is an
(increase) reduction of revenue.
|
|
Results of
Operations
|
|
REVENUES-
|
For 2006,
revenues grew 13.9% to $133.2 million versus $116.9 million for
2005. Revenues in both periods consisted of charterhire payments for
our vessels. The increase in revenues was due primarily to the
operation of a larger fleet.
51
The
average TCE rate of our fleet declined by 2.1% to $20,455 a day for 2006 from
$20,903 a day for 2005 mostly due to lower charter rates achieved on the five
handysize vessels on time charter to Lauritzen Bulkers. The five vessels
were renewed under a time charter with Lauritzen Bulkers in the third quarter of
2006 at a lower charter rate than the previous time charter. Furthermore,
lower charter rates were realized on the Genco Leader, which was subject to
lower overall spot market in 2006 versus 2005.
For 2006
and 2005, we had ownership days of 6,363.1 days and 5,396.1 days,
respectively. Fleet utilization remained static at 99.3% in 2006
versus 99.2% in 2005, respectively.
VOYAGE
EXPENSES-
Voyage
expenses include port and canal charges, fuel (bunker) expenses and brokerage
commissions payable to unaffiliated third parties. Port and canal charges and
bunker expenses primarily increase in periods during which vessels are employed
on voyage charters because these expenses are for the account of the vessel
owner.
For the
years ended 2006 and 2005, we did not incur port and canal charges or any
significant expenses related to the consumption of bunkers as part of our
vessels’ overall expenses, because all of our vessels were employed under time
charters that require the charterer to bear all of those expenses.
For 2006
and 2005, voyage expenses were $4.7 million and $4.3 million, respectively,
and consisted primarily of brokerage commissions paid to third
parties.
VESSEL
OPERATING EXPENSES-
Vessel
operating expenses include crew wages and related costs, the cost of insurance,
expenses relating to repairs and maintenance, the cost of spares and consumable
stores, tonnage taxes and other miscellaneous expenses. For 2006 and
2005, vessel operating expenses were $20.9 million and $15.1 million,
respectively. The increase in vessel operating expenses year over
year was due mostly to the fact that our operations had not fully ramped up in
2005 and our fleet expanded during 2006 as compared to 2005.
The
average daily vessel operating expenses for our fleet were $3,285 and $2,805 per
day for 2006 and 2005, respectively. As 2005 was our initial period
of operations for the majority of our fleet, we believe 2006 is more reflective
of our daily vessel operating expenses. We believe daily vessel
operating expenses are best measured for comparative purposes over a 12-month
period in order to take into account all of the expenses that each vessel in our
fleet will incur over a full year of operation.
GENERAL
AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES-
For 2006
and 2005, general and administrative expenses were $8.9 million and
$4.9 million, respectively. General and administrative expenses
increased as a result of the expansion of our fleet and the costs associated
with running a public company for a full twelve-month period, including the
preparation of disclosure documents, legal and accounting costs, incremental
director and officer liability insurance costs, incremental director and
employee compensation, and costs related to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
MANAGEMENT
FEES-
We incur management fees to third-party
technical management companies that include such services as the day-to-day
management of our vessels, including performing routine maintenance, attending
to vessel operations and
52
arranging
for crews and supplies. For 2006 and 2005, management fees were $1.4 million and
$1.5 million, respectively.
DEPRECIATION
AND AMORTIZATION-
For 2006
and 2005, depreciation and amortization charges were $27.0 million and
$22.3 million, respectively. The increase primarily was due to
the growth in our fleet during 2006 as compared to 2005.
OTHER
(EXPENSE) INCOME-
(LOSS)
INCOME FROM DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS-
For 2006,
income from derivative instruments was $0.1 million and is due solely to the
gain in value during the time the 5.075% and 5.25% Swaps had not been designated
against our debt. For 2005, we had no derivative instruments in place
that resulted in income from derivative instruments.
NET
INTEREST EXPENSE-
For 2006
and 2005, net interest expense was $6.9 million and $14.3 million,
respectively. Net interest expense consisted mostly of interest
payments made under our 2005 Credit Facility for the 2006 period. For
the 2005 period, net interest expense consisted mostly of interest payments made
under our Original Credit Facility entered into on December 3, 2004 and the 2005
Credit Facility. Additionally, interest income as well as
amortization of deferred financing costs related to our credit facilities is
included in both periods. The decrease in net interest expense for
2006 versus 2005 was mostly a result of a charge of $4.1 million in 2005 which
is associated with the write-down of unamortized deferred bank charges related
to our Original Credit Facility, lower interest margin and a lower debt
outstanding under our 2005 Credit Facility.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
To date,
we have financed our capital requirements with cash flow from operations, equity
contributions and bank debt. We have used our funds primarily to fund vessel
acquisitions, regulatory compliance expenditures, the repayment of bank debt and
the associated interest expense and the payment of dividends. We will require
capital to fund ongoing operations, acquisitions and debt service. We
expect to rely on operating cash flows as well as long-term borrowings to
implement our growth plan and continue our dividend policy. In
October 2007, the Company closed on an equity offering of 3,358,209 shares of
our common stock (with the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option)
at an offering price of $67 per share. The Company received net
proceeds of $213.9 million after deducting underwriters’ fees and
expenses. The Company has repaid a portion of the outstanding balance
under the 2007 Credit Facility with proceeds from the offering. We
also may consider debt and additional equity financing alternatives from time to
time.
In
connection with the agreement to acquire nine Capesize vessels announced on July
18, 2007 and the additional acquisition of three Supramax and three Handysize
vessels announce in August 2007, the Company, entered into the 2007 Credit
Facility on July 20, 2007 to fund acquisitions and the repayment of all other
existing debt under the 2005 Credit Facility and Short-Term Line. We
anticipate that internally generated cash flow and borrowings under our 2007
Credit Facility will be sufficient to fund the operations of our fleet,
including our working capital requirements for the foreseeable
future. The Company anticipates primarily utilizing its 2007 Credit
Facility as well as internally generated cash flow to fund the acquisition of
the remaining four Capesize vessels, but may also consider debt (including
convertible securities) and equity financing alternatives.
Dividend
Policy
Our
dividend policy is to declare quarterly distributions to shareholders by each
February, May, August and November, which commenced in November 2005,
substantially equal to our available cash from operations during
the
53
previous
quarter, less cash expenses for that quarter (principally vessel operating
expenses and debt service) and any reserves our board of directors determines we
should maintain. These reserves may cover, among other things, drydocking,
repairs, claims, liabilities and other obligations, interest expense and debt
amortization, acquisitions of additional assets and working capital. The
following table summarizes the dividends declared based on the results of the
respective fiscal quarter:
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
|
Dividend
per share
|
Declaration
date
|
|||
4th
Quarter
|
$ | 0.85 |
2/13/08
|
||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ | 0.66 |
10/25/07
|
||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ | 0.66 |
7/26/07
|
||
1st
Quarter
|
$ | 0.66 |
4/26/07
|
||
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
|
|||||
4th
Quarter
|
$ | 0.66 |
2/8/07
|
||
3rd
Quarter
|
$ | 0.60 |
10/26/06
|
||
2nd
Quarter
|
$ | 0.60 |
7/27/06
|
||
1st
Quarter
|
$ | 0.60 |
4/27/06
|
The
aggregate amount of the dividend paid in 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $69.6 million,
$61.0 million and $15.2 million, respectively, which we funded from cash on
hand. However, in the future, we may incur other expenses or liabilities that
would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution as
dividends.
The
declaration and payment of any dividend is subject to the discretion of our
board of directors. The timing and amount of dividend payments will depend on
our earnings, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, fleet
renewal and expansion, restrictions in our loan agreements, the provisions of
Marshall Islands law affecting the payment of distributions to shareholders and
other factors. Our board of directors may review and amend our dividend policy
from time to time in light of our plans for future growth and other
factors.
We
believe that, under current law, our dividend payments from earnings and profits
will constitute “qualified dividend income” and, as such, will generally be
subject to a 15% U.S. federal income tax rate with respect to non-corporate U.S.
shareholders that meet certain holding period and other requirements
(through 2010). Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be
treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of a U.S.
shareholder's tax basis in its common stock on a dollar-for-dollar basis and,
thereafter, as capital gain.
Cash
Flow
Net cash
provided by operating activities for 2007 and 2006, was $120.9 million and
$90.1 million, respectively. The increase was primarily due to
the operation of a larger fleet, which contributed to increases in net income,
depreciation, accounts payable, and deferred revenues. These increases were also
due to an unrealized loss of $1.5 million associated with the forward currency
contract in place at December 31, 2007 and $9.9 million in realized losses
associated with Jinhui investing activities, offset by an unrealized gain of
$10.2 million on the currency translation associated with the Jinhui investment.
Furthermore there was a $27.0 million gain related to the sale of the Genco
Commander and the Genco Glory for 2007. Net cash provided by operating
activities for 2007 was a result primarily of net income of $106.8 million, less
the gain from the sale of the Genco Commander and the Genco Glory of $27.0
million, plus depreciation and amortization charges of
$34.4 million. Net cash provided by operating activities for
2006 increased 2.1% to $90.1 million from $88.2 million in 2005. The
increase primarily was due to higher net income and depreciation and
amortization in 2006 due to the operation of a larger fleet. Net cash
from operating activities for year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily a
result of recorded net income of $63.5 million, and depreciation
and
54
amortization
charges of $27.0 million. For 2005, net cash provided from operating
activities was primarily a result of recorded net income of $54.5 million,
and depreciation and amortization charges of $22.3 million, and
amortization of deferred financing costs of $4.6 million.
Net cash
used in investing activities increased to $984.4 million for 2007 from $82.8 for
2006. For 2007, the cash used in investing activities related
primarily to the purchase of $115.6 million of Jinhui stock, the purchase price
of vessels of $764.6 million, and deposits made on vessels to be acquired of
$150.3 million, offset by proceeds received from the sale of the Genco Commander
and the Genco Glory of $56.5 million. For 2006 the cash used in investing
activities related primarily to the purchase of three vessels for $81.6
million. The majority of our initial fleet was acquired in 2005 and
as a result net cash used in investing activities was $268.1 million for
2005. For 2005, the cash used in investing activities relating to the
acquisition of ten vessels was $267.0 million.
Net cash
provided by financing activities for 2007 and 2006 was $861.4 million and
$19.4 million, respectively. For 2007, net cash provided by financing
activities consisted of the drawdown of $77.0 million related to the purchase of
shares of Jinhui stock, $213.9 million in proceeds received from the equity
offering, the drawdown of $1,193.0 million on our 2007 Credit Facility related
to the completion of nine vessel acquisitions and deposits on six vessels to be
acquired, the refinancing of our prior credit facilities for $288.9 million,
repayment of $257.0 million under our new credit facility from proceeds received
from the equity offering and the sale of vessels, and the payment of cash
dividends of $69.6 million. For 2006, net cash used by financing
activities consisted mostly of the payment of cash dividends of $61.0 million
offset by $81.3 million of proceeds from our 2005 Credit Facility used to
acquire three vessels. Net cash provided by financing activities for
the years ended 2005 was $219.3 million. For 2005, the primary sources of net
cash provided by financing activities were net proceeds from our initial public
equity offering of $230.3 million and $130.7 million in net borrowings under our
2005 Credit Facility. In addition, we retired the $357.0 million outstanding
under our Original Credit Facility and paid cash dividends of $15.2
million.
2007
Credit Facility
On July
20, 2007, the Company entered into the 2007 Credit Facility for the purpose of
acquiring the nine new Capesize vessels and refinancing the Company’s existing
2005 Credit Facility and Short-Term Line. DnB Nor Bank ASA is
Mandated Lead Arranger, Bookrunner, and Administrative Agent. The Company has
used borrowings under the 2007 Credit Facility to repay amounts outstanding
under the 2005 Credit Facility and the Short-Term Line, which have been
terminated. The maximum amount that may be borrowed under the 2007
Credit Facility is $1,377 million. Lastly, the Company, as required,
pledged all of the Jinhui shares it has purchased as collateral against the 2007
Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2007, $441.0 million remains
available to fund future vessel acquisitions. The Company may borrow
up to $50 million of the $441.0 million for working capital
purposes. As of February 26, 2008, after repayment of $43 million of
borrowings due to the sale of the Genco Trader and additional borrowings of
$151.5 million for the acquisition of the Genco Champion and Genco Constantine
during the first quarter of 2008, $332.5 million remains available to fund
future vessel acquisitions.
Under the 2007 Credit
Facility, subject to the conditions set forth in the credit agreement, the
Company may borrow an amount up to $1,377 million. Amounts borrowed
and repaid under the 2007 Credit Facility may be reborrowed. The
2007 Credit Facility has a maturity date of July 20, 2017, or ten years
from the signing date of the 2007 Credit Facility.
Loans made under the 2007 Credit
Facility may be used for the following:
·
|
up
to 100% of the en bloc purchase price of $1,111 million for nine modern
drybulk Capesize vessels, which the Company has agreed to purchase from
companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation
group;
|
·
|
repayment
of amounts previously outstanding under the Company’s 2005 Credit
Facility, or $206.2 million;
|
55
·
|
the
repayment of amounts previously outstanding under the Company’s Short-Term
Line, or $77 million;
|
·
|
possible
acquisitions of additional dry bulk carriers between 25,000 and 180,000
dwt that are up to ten years of age at the time of delivery and not more
than 18 years of age at the time of maturity of this credit
facility;
|
·
|
up
to $50 million of working capital;
and
|
·
|
the
issuance of up to $50 million of standby letters of credit. At
December 31, 2007, there were no letters of credit issued under the 2007
Credit Facility.
|
All
amounts owing under the 2007 Credit Facility are secured by the
following:
·
|
cross-collateralized
first priority mortgages of each of the Company’s existing vessels and any
new vessels financed with the new credit
facility;
|
·
|
an
assignment of any and all earnings of the mortgaged
vessels;
|
·
|
an
assignment of all insurances of the mortgaged
vessels;
|
·
|
a
first priority perfected security interest in all of the shares of Jinhui
owned by the Company;
|
·
|
an
assignment of the shipbuilding contracts and an assignment of the
shipbuilder’s refund guarantees meeting the Administrative Agent’s
criteria for any additional newbuildings financed under the new credit
facility; and
|
·
|
a
first priority pledge of the Company’s ownership interests in each
subsidiary guarantor.
|
The
Company has completed a pledge of its ownership interests in the subsidiary
guarantors that own the nine Capesize vessels to be acquired. The
other collateral described above was pledged, as required, within thirty days of
the effective date of the 2007 Credit Facility.
The Company’s borrowings under the 2007
Credit Facility bear interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) for
an interest period elected by the Company of one, three, or six months, or
longer if available, plus the Applicable Margin (which is 0.90% per annum for
the first five years of the 2007 Credit Facility and 0.95%
thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt to Total
Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007 Credit
Facility) is less than 70%, the Applicable Margin decreases to 0.85% and 0.90%,
respectively. In addition to other fees payable by the Company in
connection with the 2007 Credit Facility, the Company paid a commitment fee
at a rate of 0.20% per annum of the daily average unutilized commitment of each
lender under the facility until September 30, 2007, and 0.25%
thereafter.
The 2007 Credit Facility will be
subject to ten consecutive semi-annual reductions of 7.0% of the total amount of
credit granted under the new facility, with the first reduction occurring on the
fifth anniversary of the signing date and a balloon payment reduction of 30% on
the maturity date. The Company may prepay the 2007 Credit Facility,
without penalty, with two days notice for LIBOR rate advances, in minimum
amounts of $10 million together with accrued interest on the amount
prepaid.
The 2007 Credit Facility includes the
following financial covenants which will apply to the Company and its
subsidiaries on a consolidated basis and will be measured at the end of each
fiscal quarter beginning with June 30, 2007:
56
·
|
The
leverage covenant requires the maximum average net debt to EBITDA to be a
ratio of at least 5.5:1.0.
|
·
|
Cash
and cash equivalents must not be less than $0.5 million per mortgaged
vessel.
|
·
|
The
ratio of EBITDA to interest expense, on a rolling last four-quarter basis,
must be no less than 2.0:1.0.
|
·
|
After
July 20, 2007, consolidated net worth must be no less than $263,300 plus
80% of the value of the any new equity issuances of the Company from June
30, 2007. Based on the equity offering completed in October
2007, this would require the consolidated net worth to be no less
than approximately $434.4 million.
|
·
|
The
aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessels must at all times be
at least 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the new
credit facility plus all letters of credit outstanding; the Company has a
30 day remedy period to post additional collateral or reduce the amount of
the revolving loans and/or letters of credit
outstanding.
|
Other covenants in the 2007 Credit
Facility are substantially similar to the covenants in the Company’s previous
credit facilities. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has been in
compliance with these covenants since the inception of the
facility.
The Company can continue to pay cash
dividends in accordance with its dividend policy and certain terms of the credit
agreement so long as no event of default has occurred and is continuing and no
event of default will occur as a result of the payment of such
dividend. In addition, the 2007 Credit Facility was amended as of
February 13, 2008 to permit the Company to implement its share repurchase
program, which was recently approved by its board of directors. Under
this amendment, the dollar amount of shares repurchased is counted toward the
maximum dollar amount of dividends that may be paid in any fiscal
quarter. For further details of our share repurchase program, see
Note 21 – Subsequent Events to our financial statements.
Due to
refinancing of the Company’s previous facilities, the Company incurred a
non-cash write-off of the unamortized deferred financing cost in the amount of
$3.6 associated with the Company’s previous facilities.
Short-Term
Line - Refinanced by the 2007 Credit Facility
On May 3,
2007, the Company entered into a short-term line of credit facility under which
DnB NOR Bank ASA, Grand Cayman Branch and Nordea Bank Norge ASA, Grand Cayman
Branch are serving as lenders (the “Short-Term Line”). The
Short-Term Line was used to fund a portion of acquisitions we made of in the
shares of capital stock of Jinhui. Under the terms of the Short-Term
Line, we were allowed to borrow up to $155 million for such acquisitions, and we
had borrowed a total of $77.0 million under the Short-Term Line prior to its
refinancing. The term of the Short-Term Line was for 364 days, and
the interest on amounts drawn was payable at the rate of LIBOR plus a margin of
0.85% per annum for the first six month period and LIBOR plus a margin of 1.00%
for the remaining term. We were obligated to pay certain commitment
and administrative fees in connection with the Short-Term Line. The
Company, as required, pledged all of the Jinhui shares it has purchased as
collateral against the Short-Term Line. The Short-Term Line
incorporated by reference certain covenants from our 2005 Credit
Facility.
The
Short-Term Line was refinanced in July 2007 by the 2007 Credit
Facility.
2005
Credit Facility - Refinanced by the 2007 Credit Facility
The
Company’s 2005 Credit Facility, initially for $450.0 million, was with a
syndicate of commercial lenders
57
consisting
of Nordea Bank Finland Plc, New York Branch, DnB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch
and Citigroup Global Markets Limited. The 2005 Credit
Facility was used to refinance our indebtedness under our Original Credit
Facility, and was used to acquire vessels. Under the terms of our 2005 Credit
Facility, borrowings in the amount of $106.2 million were used to repay
indebtedness under our Original Credit Facility, and additional net borrowings
of $100 million were obtained to fund vessel acquisitions. In July 2006,
the Company increased the line of credit by $100 million to a total facility of
$550 million.
Additionally,
on February 7, 2007, we reached an agreement with our lenders to allow us to
increase the amount of the 2005 Credit Facility by $100 million, for a total
maximum availability of $650 million. We had the option to increase the
facility amount by $25 million increments up to the additional $100 million, so
long as at least one bank within the syndicate agreed to fund such
increase. Any increase associated with this agreement was generally
governed by the existing terms of the 2005 Credit Facility, although we and any
banks providing the increase may agree to vary the upfront fees, unutilized
commitment fees, or other fees payable by us in connection with the
increase.
The 2005
Credit Facility was refinanced in July 2007 with the 2007 Credit
Facility.
Interest
Rate Swap Agreements and Forward Freight Agreements
The
Company has entered into eight interest rate swap agreements with DnB NOR Bank
to manage interest costs and the risk associated with changing interest rates.
The total notional principal amount of the swaps is $631.2 million and
the swaps have specified rates and durations. The following table
summarizes the interest rate swaps in place as of December 31, 2007 and
2006:
Interest
Rate Swap Detail
|
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||
Trade
Date
|
Fixed
Rate
|
Start
Date
of Swap
|
End
date
of Swap
|
Notional
Amount
Outstanding
|
Notional
Amount Outstanding
|
|||||||
9/6/05
|
4.485 | % |
9/14/05
|
7/29/15
|
$ | 106,233 | $ | 106,233 | ||||
3/29/06
|
5.25 | % |
1/2/07
|
1/1/14
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
3/24/06
|
5.075 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/2/13
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
9/7/07
|
4.56 | % |
10/1/07
|
12/31/09
|
75,000 | |||||||
7/31/07
|
5.115 | % |
11/30/07
|
11/30/11
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/9/07
|
5.07 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/3/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
4.985 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
50,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
5.04 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
$ | 631,233 | $ | 206,233 |
The
differential to be paid or received for these swap agreements are
recognized as an adjustment to interest expense as incurred. The
Company is currently utilizing cash flow hedge accounting for the swaps whereby
the effective portion of the change in value of the swaps is reflected as a
component of Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”). The ineffective
portion is recognized as income or (loss) from derivative instruments which is a
component of other (expense) income. For any period of time that the
Company did not designate the swaps for hedge accounting, the change in the
value of the swap agreements prior to designation was recognized as income or
(loss) from derivative instruments and was listed as a component of other
expense.
The
interest income pertaining to the interest rate swaps for 2007 and 2006 was $1.0
million and $0.6 million, respectively.
58
The swap
agreements, with effective dates prior to December 31, 2007, synthetically
convert variable rate debt the fixed interest rate of swap plus the Applicable
Margin (which is 0.85% per annum for the first five years of the new credit
facility and 0.90% thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt
to Total Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007
Credit Facility) is greater than or equal to 70%, the Applicable Margin
increases to 0.90% for the first five years and 0.95% thereafter.
The
liability associated with the swaps at December 31, 2007 is $21.0 million and
$0.8 million at December 31, 2006, and are presented as the fair value of
derivatives on the balance sheet. The asset associated with the swaps
at December 31, 2006 was $4.5 million and there were no swaps in an asset
position at December 31, 2007, and are presented as the fair value of
derivatives on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2007 and
December 31, 2006, the Company has accumulated OCI of ($21.1) million and $3.5
million, respectively, related to the effectively hedged portion of the
swaps. Hedge ineffectiveness associated with the interest rate swaps
resulted in income or (loss) from derivative instruments of ($0.1) million for
2007. The change in value of the swaps prior to being designated
resulted in income or (loss) from derivative instruments of $0.1 million for
2006. At December 31, 2007, ($3.1 million) of OCI is expected
to be reclassified into income over the next 12 months associated with interest
rate derivatives.
During
January 2008, the Company entered into a $50 million dollar interest rate swap
at a fixed interest rate of 2.89%, plus the Applicable Margin and is effective
February 1, 2008 and ends on February 1, 2011. The company has
elected to utilize hedge accounting for this interest rate swap.
The
Company has entered into a number of short-term forward currency contracts to
protect the Company from the risk associated with the fluctuation in the
exchange rate associated with the cost basis of the Jinhui shares as described
above under the heading “Short-term investments” in Note 2 of our financial
statements. The Company had a forward currency contract in place for
a notional amount of 685.1 million NOK (Norwegian Kroner) or $124.6
million, which matured on January 17, 2008. As forward contracts
expire, the Company continues to enter into new forward currency contracts for
the cost basis of the Short-term investment, excluding commissions.
However the hedge is limited to the lower of the cost basis or the market value
at time of designation. As February 19, 2008 the Company has a
forward currency contract for the notional amount of 739.2 million NOK for
$135.6 million. Effective August 16, 2007, the Company has elected
hedge accounting for such forward currency contracts, the application of which
is described under the subheading “Currency risk management” on page
64. For 2007, the net losses (realized and unrealized) of $1.2
million related to the forward currency contracts and to the hedged translations
gain on the cost basis of the Jinhui stock are reflected as (loss) income from
derivative instruments and are included as a component of other
expense. The short-term liability associated with the forward
currency contract at December 31, 2007 is $1.4 million and is presented as the
fair value of derivatives on the balance sheet and is included in the net loss
from derivative instruments in the income statement.
As part
of our business strategy, we may enter into arrangements commonly known as
forward freight agreements, or FFAs, to hedge and manage market risks relating
to the deployment of our existing fleet of vessels. These
arrangements may include future contracts, or commitments to perform in the
future a shipping service between ship owners, charters and
traders. Generally, these arrangements would bind us and each
counterparty in the arrangement to buy or sell a specified tonnage freighting
commitment “forward” at an agreed time and price and for a particular
route. Although FFAs can be entered into for a variety of purposes,
including for hedging, as an option, for trading or for arbitrage, if we decided
to enter into FFAs, our objective would be to hedge and manage market risks as
part of our commercial management. It is not currently our intention to enter
into FFAs to generate a stream of income independent of the revenues we derive
from the operation of our fleet of vessels. If we determine to enter
into FFAs, we may reduce our exposure to any declines in our results from
operations due to weak market conditions or downturns, but may also limit our
ability to benefit economically during periods of strong demand in the
market. We have not entered into any FFAs as of December 31,
2007.
59
Interest
Rates
The
effective interest rate associated with the interest expense for the 2005 Credit
Facility, the Short-term Line and the 2007 Credit Facility, and including the
rate differential between the pay fixed receive variable rate on the swaps that
were in effect, combined, including the cost associated with unused commitment
fees with these facilities for 2007 was 6.25%. The effective interest
rate associated with the interest expense for the 2005 Credit Facility, and
including the rate differential between the pay fixed receive variable rate on
the swaps that were in effect, combined, including the cost associated with
unused commitment fees with these facilities for 2006, was 6.75%. The
interest rate on the debt, excluding the unused commitment fees, ranged from
5.54% to 6.66% and from 6.14% to 6.45% for 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Contractual
Obligations
The
following table sets forth our contractual obligations and their maturity dates
that are reflective of the subsequent events as described in Note 21 –
Subsequent Events to our financial statements. These events include
the interest rate swap entered into on January 2008 for $50 million at a fixed
rate of 2.89% plus the Applicable Margin from February 1, 2008 to February 1,
2011, the repayment of $43 million repayment of debt associated with the sale of
the Genco Trader included in the commitment table as due with in one year, as
well as additional borrowings of $151.5 million for the completed acquisition of
the Genco Champion and Genco Constantine during the first quarter of
2008. Additionally, the table incorporates the agreement to acquire
the remaining four Capesize vessels for $385.6 million, inclusive of
commissions, and the employment agreement entered into in September 2007 with
our Chief Financial Officer, John Wobensmith. The Company plans to fund the
remaining acquisitions with the remaining availability under the credit
facility and cash generated from operations. The interest and fees
are also reflective of the 2007 Credit Facility and the interest rate swap
agreements as discussed above under “Interest Rate Swap Agreements and Forward
Freight Agreements.”
Total
|
Within
One
Year
(1)
|
One
to Three
Years
|
Three
to Five
Years
|
More
than
Five
Years
|
||||||||||||||||
(U.S.
dollars in thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||||||
2007
Credit Facility
|
$ | 1,087,500 | $ | 43,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,044,500 | ||||||||||
Remainder
of purchase price of acquisitions (2)
|
$ | 385,600 | $ | 96,800 | $ | 288,800 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||
Interest
and borrowing fees
|
$ | 412,704 | $ | 53,843 | $ | 107,643 | $ | 100,708 | $ | 150,510 | ||||||||||
Executive
employment agreement
|
$ | 636 | $ | 370 | $ | 266 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||
Office
lease
|
$ | 6,636 | $ | 486 | $ | 982 | $ | 1,036 | $ | 4,132 |
(1)
|
Represents
the twelve month period ending December 31, 2008 and includes the $43
million repayment of debt associated with the sale of the Genco
Trader.
|
(2)
|
The
timing of these obligations are based on estimated delivery dates for the
remaining four Capesize vessels which are currently being constructed and
the obligation is inclusive of the commission due to brokers upon purchase
of the vessels.
|
Interest
expense has been estimated using the fixed hedge rate for the effective period
and notional amount of the debt which is effectively hedged and 3.125% for the
portion of the debt that has no designated swap against it, plus the applicable
bank margin of 0.85% in the first five years of the 2007 Credit Facility and
0.90% in the last five years, as long as the ratio of Total Debt to Total
Capitalization as defined in the 2007 Credit Facility remains below 70%. If the
ratio of Total Debt to Total Capitalization is equal to or greater than 70% then
the applicable margin is increased to 0.90% in the first five years of the 2007
Credit Facility and 0.95% in the last five years. The Company
is obligated to pay certain commitment fees in connection with the 2007 Credit
Facility.
60
Capital
Expenditures
We make
capital expenditures from time to time in connection with our vessel
acquisitions. Our fleet currently consists of five Capesize drybulk carriers,
six Panamax drybulk carriers, three Supramax drybulk carriers, six Handymax
drybulk carriers and eight Handysize drybulk carriers.
In
addition to acquisitions that we may undertake in future periods, we will incur
additional capital expenditures due to special surveys and drydockings. We
estimate our drydocking costs and scheduled off-hire days for our fleet through
2009 to be:
Estimated Drydocking
Cost
|
Estimated Offhire Days
|
|||||||
(U.S.
dollars in millions)
|
||||||||
Year
|
||||||||
2008
|
$ | 4.6 |
140
|
|||||
2009
|
3.7 |
100
|
The costs
reflected are estimates based on drydocking our vessels in China. We
estimate that each drydock will result in 20 days of offhire. Actual
costs will vary based on various factors, including where the drydockings are
actually performed. We expect to fund these costs with cash from
operations.
During
2007, we completed drydockings for the Genco Surprise, the Genco Wisdom, the
Genco Prosperity, the Genco Reliance and Genco Success at a combined cost of
$3.5 million.
During
2006, we completed drydockings for the Genco Trader, the Genco Marine, the Genco
Muse, Genco Carrier and Genco Glory at a combined cost of $3.2
million.
We
estimate that five of our vessels will be drydocked during 2008, and an
additional seven vessels in 2009 of which one will be drydocked during the first
quarter of 2008.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We do not
have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Inflation
Inflation
has only a moderate effect on our expenses given current economic conditions. In
the event that significant global inflationary pressures appear, these pressures
would increase our operating, voyage, general and administrative, and financing
costs. However, the Company expects its 2009 budget to increase based
on the anticipated increased cost for crewing and lubes.
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in
accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of those financial statements
requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements.
Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and
conditions.
Critical
accounting policies are those that reflect significant judgments of
uncertainties and potentially result in materially different results under
different assumptions and conditions. We have described below what we believe
are
61
our most
critical accounting policies, because they generally involve a comparatively
higher degree of judgment in their application. For an additional description of
our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated
financial statements included in this 10-K.
REVENUE
AND VOYAGE EXPENSE RECOGNITION-
Revenues
are generated from time charters. A time charter involves placing a vessel at
the charterer’s disposal for a set period of time during which the charterer may
use the vessel in return for the payment by the charterer of a specified daily
or monthly hire rate. In time charters, operating costs such as for
crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of the vessel
and specified voyage costs such as fuel, and port charges are paid by the
charterer. There are certain other non-specified voyage expenses such as
commissions which are borne by us.
We record
time charter revenues over the term of each charter as service is provided.
Revenues are recognized on a straight-line basis as the average revenue over the
term of each time charter. We recognize vessel operating expenses when
incurred.
In
December 2005 and February 2006, respectively, the Genco Trader and Genco Leader
entered into the Baumarine Panamax Pool. Vessel pools, such as the
Baumarine Panamax Pool, provide cost-effective commercial management activities
for a group of similar class vessels. The pool arrangement provides
the benefits of a large-scale operation and chartering efficiencies that might
not be available to smaller fleets. Under the pool arrangement,
the vessels operate under a time charter agreement whereby the cost of bunkers
and port expenses are borne by the charterer and operating costs including
crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of the
vessel. Since the members of the pool share in the revenue generated
by the entire group of vessels in the pool, and the pool operates in the spot
market, the revenue earned by these two vessels was subject to the fluctuations
of the spot market. In December 2006 and January 2007, respectively,
the Genco Trader and Genco Leader exited the Baumarine Panamax
Pool.
Our
standard time charter contracts with our customers specify certain performance
parameters, which if not met can result in customer claims. As of
December 31, 2007, we had no reserve, and as of December 31, 2006, we had a
reserve $0.2 million against due from charterers’ balance and an additional
reserve of $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively. Both reserves
are associated with estimated customer claims against us including time charter
performance issues.
SHORT-TERM
INVESTMENTS-
The
Company holds an investment in the capital stock of Jinhui Shipping and
Transportation Limited (“Jinhui”). Jinhui is a drybulk shipping owner
and operator focused on the Supramax segment of drybulk
shipping. This investment is designated as available-for-sale and is
reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in
shareholders’ equity as a component of OCI. Effective August 16,
2007, the Company has elected hedge accounting for forward currency contracts in
place associated with the cost basis of the Jinhui shares and therefore the
unrealized currency gain or loss associated with Jinhui cost basis will now be
reflected in the income statement as a component of income or (loss) from
derivative instruments to off-set the gain or loss associated with these forward
currency contracts. The cost of securities when sold is based on the
specific identification method. Realized gains and losses on the sale
of these securities will be reflected in the consolidated statement of
operations in other (expense) income. Additionally, the realized gain
or loss on the forward currency contracts is reflected in the Consolidated
Statement of Cash Flows as an investing activity and is reflected in the caption
Payments on forward currency contracts, net.
Short-term
investments are reviewed periodically to identify possible other-than-temporary
impairment. When evaluating the investments, the Company reviews
factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below
the cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, the underlying net asset
value of the issuers assets and liabilities, and the Company’s ability and
intent to hold the investment for a period of time which may be sufficient for
anticipated recovery in market value. Should the decline in the value
of any investment be deemed to be
62
other-than-temporary,
the investment basis would be written down to fair market value, and the
write-down would be recorded to earnings as a loss.
VESSEL
ACQUISITIONS -
When we
enter into an acquisition transaction, we determine whether the acquisition
transaction was the purchase of an asset or a business based on the facts and
circumstances of the transaction. In the shipping industry, the
purchase of a vessel is normally treated as a purchase of an asset as the
historical operating data for the vessel is not reviewed nor is material to our
decision to make such acquisition.
When a
vessel is acquired with an existing time charter, we allocate the purchase price
of the vessel and the time charter based on, among other things, vessel market
valuations and the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the
risks associated with the acquired charters) of the difference between (i) the
contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the charter terms and (ii)
management's estimate of the fair market charter rate, measured over a period
equal to the remaining term of the charter. The capitalized above-market
(assets) and below-market (liabilities) charters are amortized as a reduction or
increase, respectively, to voyage revenues over the remaining term of the
charter.
DEPRECIATION-
We record
the value of our vessels at their cost (which includes acquisition costs
directly attributable to the vessel and expenditures made to prepare the vessel
for its initial voyage) less accumulated depreciation. We depreciate our drybulk
vessels on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, estimated to
be 25 years from the date of initial delivery from the shipyard.
Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual scrap value. We
estimate the residual values of our vessels to be based upon $175 per
lightweight ton. An increase in the useful life of a drybulk vessel or in its
residual value would have the effect of decreasing the annual depreciation
charge and extending it into later periods. A decrease in the useful life of a
drybulk vessel or in its residual value would have the effect of increasing the
annual depreciation charge. However, when regulations place limitations over the
ability of a vessel to trade on a worldwide basis, we will adjust the vessel’s
useful life to end at the date such regulations preclude such vessel’s further
commercial use.
IMPAIRMENT
OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS-
We follow
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, “Accounting
for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, which requires impairment
losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of
impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated
by those assets are less than the asset’s carrying amount. In the evaluation of
the fair value and future benefits of long-lived assets, we perform an analysis
of the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows of the related long-lived
assets. If the carrying value of the related asset exceeds the undiscounted cash
flows, the carrying value is reduced to its fair value. Various factors
including future charter rates, scrap values, future drydock costs and vessel
operating costs are included in this analysis.
DEFERRED
DRYDOCKING COSTS-
Our
vessels are required to be drydocked approximately every 30 to 60 months
for major repairs and maintenance that cannot be performed while the vessels are
operating. We capitalize the costs associated with drydockings as they occur and
depreciate these costs on a straight-line basis over the period between
drydockings. Capitalized drydocking costs include actual costs incurred at the
drydock yard; cost of parts that are believed to be reasonably likely to reduce
the duration or cost of the drydocking; cost of travel, lodging and subsistence
of our personnel sent to the drydocking site to supervise; and the cost of
hiring a third party to oversee the drydocking. We believe that these criteria
are consistent with U.S. GAAP guidelines and industry practice and that our
policy of capitalization reflects the economics and market values of the
vessels.
63
DERIVATIVE
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS-
Interest rate risk
management
The
Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. The
Company’s objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on its
earnings and cash flow in relation to borrowings for the purpose of acquiring
drybulk vessels. These borrowings are subject to a variable borrowing
rate. The Company uses forward starting pay-fixed receive-variable
interest rate swaps to manage future interest costs and the risk associated with
changing interest rate obligations. These swaps are designated as
cash flow hedges of future variable rate interest payments and are tested for
effectiveness on a quarterly basis.
The
differential to be paid or received for the effectively hedged portion of any
swap agreement is recognized as an adjustment to interest expense as
incurred. Additionally, the changes in value for the portion of the
swaps that are effectively hedging future interest payments are reflected as a
component of OCI.
For the
portion of the forward interest rate swaps that are not effectively hedged, the
change in the value and the rate differential to be paid or received is
recognized as income or (expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a
component of other expense until such time the Company has obligations against
which the swap is designated and is an effective hedge.
Currency risk
management
The
Company currently holds an investment in Jinhui shares that are traded on the
Oslo Stock Exchange located in Norway, and as such, the Company is exposed to
the impact of exchange rate changes on this available-for-sale security
denominated in Norwegian Kroner. The Company’s objective is to manage
the impact of exchange rate changes on its earnings and cash flow in relation to
its cost basis associated with its short-term investments. The Company uses
foreign currency forward contracts to protect its original investment from
changing exchange rates.
The
change in the value in the forward currency contracts is recognized as income or
(expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
expense. Effective August 16, 2007, the Company elected to
utilize fair value hedge accounting for these instruments whereby the change in
the value in the forward contracts continues to be recognized as income or
(expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
expense. Fair value hedge accounting then accelerates the recognition
of the effective portion of the currency translation gain or (loss) on the
Available for Sale Security from August 16, 2007 into income or (expense) from
derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
expense. Time value of the forward contracts are excluded from
effectiveness testing and recognized currently in income.
INCOME
TAXES
Pursuant
to Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended (the
“Code”), qualified income derived from the international operations of ships is
excluded from gross income and exempt from U.S. federal income tax if a company
engaged in the international operation of ships meets certain requirements.
Among other things, in order to qualify, the company must be incorporated in a
country which grants an equivalent exemption to U.S. corporations and must
satisfy certain qualified ownership requirements.
The
Company is incorporated in the Marshall Islands. Pursuant to the income tax laws
of the Marshall Islands, the Company is not subject to Marshall Islands income
tax. The Marshall Islands has been officially recognized by the Internal Revenue
Service as a qualified foreign country that currently grants the requisite
equivalent exemption from tax.
Based on
the ownership of our common stock prior to our initial public offering on
July 22, 2005 as discussed in Note 1 of our financial statements, we qualified
for exemption from income tax for 2005 under Section 883, since we
64
were a
Controlled Foreign Corporation (“CFC”) and satisfied certain other criteria in
the Section 883 regulations. We were a CFC, as defined in the Code, since
until the initial public offering on July 22, 2005, over 50% of our stock was
owned by United States holders each of whom owned ten percent or more of our
voting stock, or US 10% Owners. During that time, approximately 93% of our
common stock was held by US 10% Owners.
Based on
the publicly traded requirement of the Section 883 regulations, we believe that
the Company qualified for exemption from income tax for 2007 and
2006. In order to meet the publicly traded requirement, our stock
must be treated as being primarily and regularly traded for more than half the
days of any such year. Under the Section 883 regulations, our qualification for
the publicly traded requirement may be jeopardized if shareholders of our common
stock that own five percent or more of our stock (“5% shareholders”) own, in the
aggregate, 50% or more of our common stock for more than half the days of the
year. We believe that during 2007 and 2006, the combined
ownership of our 5% shareholders did not equal 50% or more of our common stock
for more than half the days of 2007 and 2006. However if our 5% shareholders
were to increase their ownership to 50% or more of our common stock for more
than half the days of 2008 or any future taxable year, we may not be eligible to
claim exemption from tax under Section 883 for that taxable year. We can
therefore give no assurance that changes and shifts in the ownership of our
stock by 5% shareholders will not preclude us from qualifying for exemption from
tax in 2008 or in future years.
If the
Company does not qualify for the exemption from tax under Section 883, it would
be subject to a 4% tax on the gross “shipping income” (without the allowance for
any deductions) that is treated as derived from sources within the United States
or “United States source shipping income.” For these purposes, “shipping income”
means any income that is derived from the use of vessels, from the hiring or
leasing of vessels for use, or from the performance of services directly related
to those uses; and “United States source shipping income” includes 50% of
shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but
that does not both begin and end, in the United States.
ITEM
7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
INTEREST
RATE RISK
Interest rate
risk
We are
exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. Our objective is to
manage the impact of interest rate changes on our earnings and cash flow in
relation to our borrowings. We held eight interest rate risk
management instruments at December 31, 2007 and three interest rate risk
management instruments at December 31, 2006, in order to manage future interest
costs and the risk associated with changing interest rates.
The
Company has entered into eight interest rate swap agreements with DnB NOR Bank
to manage interest costs and the risk associated with changing interest rates.
The total notional principal amount of the swaps is $631.2 million,
and the swaps have specified rates and durations. The following table
summarizes the interest rate swaps in place as of December 31, 2007 and
2006:
Interest
Rate Swap Detail
|
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||
Trade
Date
|
Fixed
Rate
|
Start
Date
of Swap
|
End
Date
of Swap
|
Notional
Amount Outstanding
|
Notional
Amount Outstanding
|
|||||||
9/6/05
|
4.485 | % |
9/14/05
|
7/29/15
|
$ | 106,233 | $ | 106,233 | ||||
3/29/06
|
5.25 | % |
1/2/07
|
1/1/14
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
3/24/06
|
5.075 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/2/13
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
9/7/07
|
4.56 | % |
10/1/07
|
12/31/09
|
75,000 | |||||||
7/31/07
|
5.115 | % |
11/30/07
|
11/30/11
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/9/07
|
5.07 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/3/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
4.985 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
50,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
5.04 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
$ | 631,233 | $ | 206,233 |
65
The swap
agreements, with effective dates prior to December 31, 2007 synthetically
convert variable rate debt the fixed interest rate of swap plus the Applicable
Margin (which is 0.85% per annum for the first five years of the new credit
facility and 0.90% thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt
to Total Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007
Credit Facility) is equal to or greater than 70%, the Applicable Margin
increases to 0.90% for the first five years and 0.95% thereafter.
The
liability associated with the swaps at December 31, 2007 is $21.0 million and
$0.8 million at December 31, 2006, and are presented as the fair value of
derivatives on the balance sheet. The asset associated with the swaps
at December 31,2006 was $4.5 million and there were no swaps in an asset
position at December 31, 2007, and are presented as the fair value of
derivatives on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2007
and 2006, the Company has accumulated OCI of ($21.1) million and $3.5 million,
respectively, related to the effectively hedged portion of the
swaps. Hedge ineffectiveness associated with the interest rate swaps
resulted in income or (loss) from derivative instruments of ($0.1) million for
2007. The change in value of the swaps prior to being designated
resulted in income or (loss) from derivative instruments of $0.1 million for
2006. At December 31, 2007, ($3.1 million) of OCI is expected
to be reclassified into income over the next 12 months associated with interest
rate derivatives.
During
January 2008, the Company entered into a $50 million dollar interest rate swap
at a fixed interest rate of 2.89%, plus the Applicable Margin and is effective
February 1, 2008 and ends on February 1, 2011. The company has
elected to utilize hedge accounting for this interest rate swap.
Derivative financial
instruments
The
Company entered into eight interest rate swap agreements with DnB NOR Bank to
manage interest costs and the risk associated with changing interest rates. The
total notional principal amount of the swaps is $631.2 million, and
the swaps have specified rates and durations. See “Interest Rate
Risk” above under this Item 7 or 7A for a table summarizing the interest
rate swaps in place as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. Also note that
during January 2008, the Company entered into a $50 million dollar interest rate
swap at a fixed interest rate of 2.89%, plus the Applicable Margin and is
effective February 1, 2008 and ends on February 1, 2011. The company
has elected to utilize hedge accounting for this interest rate swap
The
differential to be paid or received for these swap agreements are
recognized as an adjustment to interest expense as incurred. The
Company is currently utilizing cash flow hedge accounting for the swaps whereby
the effective portion of the change in value of the swaps is reflected as a
component of OCI. The ineffective portion is recognized as
income or (loss) from derivative instruments which is a component of other
(expense) income. For any period of time that the Company did not
designate the swaps for hedge accounting, the change in the value of the swap
agreements prior to designation was recognized as income or (loss) from
derivative instruments and was listed as a component of other (expense)
income.
Amounts
receivable or payable arising at the settlement of hedged interest rate swaps
are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to interest expense over the period
of interest rate exposure provided the designated liability continues to
exist. Amounts receivable or payable arising at the settlement of
unhedged interest rate swaps are reflected as income or expense from derivative
instruments and is listed as a component of other (expense) income.
The
interest income pertaining to the interest rate swaps for 2007 and 2006 was $1.0
million and $0.6 million, respectively.
The swap
agreements, with effective dates prior to December 31, 2007 synthetically
convert variable rate debt the fixed interest rate of swap plus the Applicable
Margin (which is 0.85% per annum for the first five years of the
new
66
credit
facility and 0.90% thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt
to Total Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007
Credit Facility) is greater than or equal to 70%, the Applicable Margin
increases to 0.90% for the first five years and 0.95% thereafter.
The asset
associated with the swaps at December 31,2006 was $4.5 million and there were no
swaps in an asset position at December 31, 2007, and are presented as the fair
value of derivatives on the balance sheet. The liability associated
with the swaps at December 31, 2007 is $21.0 million and $0.8 million at
December 31, 2006, and are presented as the fair value of derivatives on the
balance sheet. As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the
Company has accumulated OCI of ($21.1) million and $3.5 million, respectively,
related to the effectively hedged portion of the swaps. Hedge
ineffectiveness associated with the interest rate swaps resulted in income or
(loss) from derivative instruments of ($0.1) million for 2007. The
change in value of the swaps prior to being designated resulted in income or
(loss) from derivative instruments of $0.1 million for 2006. At
December 31, 2007, ($3.1 million) of OCI is expected to be reclassified into
income over the next 12 months associated with interest rate
derivatives.
The
Company has entered into a number of short-term forward currency contracts to
protect the Company from the risk associated with the fluctuation in the
exchange rate associated with the cost basis of the Jinhui shares as described
above under the heading “Short-term investments” in Note 2 of our financial
statements. For further information on these forward currency
contracts, please see page 58 under the heading “Interest Rate Swap Agreements
and Forward Freight Agreements”.
We are
subject to market risks relating to changes in interest rates because we have
significant amounts of floating rate debt outstanding. For 2007, we paid LIBOR
plus 0.85% on the 2007 Credit Facility. LIBOR plus 0.95% on the 2005 Credit
Facility and LIBOR plus 0.85% on the Short-term Line for the debt in excess of
any designated swap’s notional amount for the respective swap’s effective
period. For each effective swap, the interest rate is fixed at the fixed
interest rate of swap plus the applicable margin on the respective debt in
place. For 2006, we paid LIBOR plus 0.95% for the debt in excess of
any designated swap’s notional amount for the respective swap’s effective
period. A 1% increase in LIBOR would result in an increase of $1.7
million in interest expense for 2007, considering the increase would be only on
the unhedged portion of the debt for which the rate differential on the
respective swap is not in effect.
FOREIGN
EXCHANGE RATE RISK
The
international shipping industry’s functional currency is the U.S. Dollar.
Virtually all of our revenues and most of our operating costs are in
U.S. Dollars. We incur certain operating expenses in currencies other than
the U.S. dollar, and the foreign exchange risk associated with these operating
expenses is immaterial.
The
Company has entered into a number of short-term forward currency contracts to
protect the Company from the risk associated with the fluctuation in the
exchange rate associated with the cost basis of the Jinhui shares as described
above under the heading “Short-term investments” in Note 2 of our financial
statements. For further information on these forward currency
contracts, please see page 58 under the heading “Interest Rate Swap Agreements
and Forward Freight Agreements.”
Upon
maturation of the forward currency contract in place for 685.1 NOK million at
December 31, 2007, a 1% change in the value of the Norwegian Kroner could result
in a currency gain or loss of $1.3 million. However, since the
Company is utilizing hedge accounting on the cost basis of the Jinhui stock, the
effective portion of the currency translation gain or (loss) on the Available
for Sale Security is netted against the fluctuation in the currency gain or loss
on the forward currency contract itself to the extent of the hedged notional
amount.
67
ITEM
8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
Form 10-K
as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005
Index to
consolidated financial statements
Page
b) Consolidated
Balance Sheets -
December 31, 2007
and December 31, 2006 F-3
c) Consolidated
Statements of Operations -
For the Years Ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 F-4
d) Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income -
For the Years Ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 F-5
e) Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows -
For the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 F-6
f) Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Years Ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 F-7
F-1
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
New York,
New York
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2007 and
2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders'
equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our
audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our
opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
subsidiaries at December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations
and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America.
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal
Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 29, 2008 expressed an
unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial
reporting.
/s/
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
New York,
New York
February
29, 2007
F-2
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007
and
December 31, 2006
(U.S.
Dollars in thousands, except share data)
|
|
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
Assets
|
||||||||
Current
assets:
|
||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ | 71,496 | $ | 73,554 | ||||
Short-term
investments
|
167,524 | - | ||||||
Vessel
held for sale
|
16,857 | 9,450 | ||||||
Due
from charterers, net
|
2,343 | 471 | ||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
9,374 | 4,643 | ||||||
Total
current assets
|
267,594 | 88,118 | ||||||
Noncurrent
assets:
|
||||||||
Vessels,
net of accumulated depreciation of $71,341 and $43,769,
respectively
|
1,224,040 | 476,782 | ||||||
Deposits
on vessels
|
149,017 | - | ||||||
Deferred
drydock, net of accumulated depreciation of $941 and $366,
respectively
|
4,552 | 2,452 | ||||||
Other
assets, net of accumulated amortization of $288 and $468,
respectively
|
6,130 | 4,571 | ||||||
Fixed
assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $722 and $348,
respectively
|
1,939 | 1,877 | ||||||
Fair
value of derivative instruments
|
- | 4,462 | ||||||
Total
noncurrent assets
|
1,385,678 | 490,144 | ||||||
Total
assets
|
$ | 1,653,272 | $ | 578,262 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders’
Equity
|
||||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
||||||||
Accounts
payable and accrued expenses
|
$ | 17,514 | $ | 7,784 | ||||
Current
portion of long term debt
|
43,000 | 4,322 | ||||||
Deferred
revenue
|
8,402 | 3,067 | ||||||
Fair
value of derivative instruments
|
1,448 | - | ||||||
Total
current liabilities
|
70,364 | 15,173 | ||||||
Noncurrent
liabilities:
|
||||||||
Deferred
revenue
|
968 | 395 | ||||||
Deferred
rent credit
|
725 | 743 | ||||||
Fair
market value of time charters acquired
|
44,991 | - | ||||||
Fair
value of derivative instruments
|
21,039 | 807 | ||||||
Long
term debt
|
893,000 | 207,611 | ||||||
Total
noncurrent liabilities
|
960,723 | 209,556 | ||||||
Total
liabilities
|
1,031,087 | 224,729 | ||||||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
||||||||
Shareholders’
equity:
|
||||||||
Common
stock, par value $0.01; 100,000,000 shares authorized; issued
and
|
||||||||
outstanding
28,965,809 and 25,505,462 shares at December 31, 2007 and December 31,
2006, respectively
|
290 | 255 | ||||||
Paid
in capital
|
523,002 | 307,088 | ||||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
19,017 | 3,546 | ||||||
Retained
earnings
|
79,876 | 42,644 | ||||||
Total
shareholders’ equity
|
622,185 | 353,533 | ||||||
Total
liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
$ | 1,653,272 | $ | 578,262 | ||||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
|
F-3
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and
2005
(U.S.
Dollars in Thousands, Except Earnings per Share and share data)
For
the Years Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ | 185,387 | $ | 133,232 | $ | 116,906 | ||||||
Operating
expenses:
|
||||||||||||
Voyage
expenses
|
5,100 | 4,710 | 4,287 | |||||||||
Vessel
operating expenses
|
27,622 | 20,903 | 15,135 | |||||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
12,610 | 8,882 | 4,937 | |||||||||
Management
fees
|
1,654 | 1,439 | 1,479 | |||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378 | 26,978 | 22,322 | |||||||||
Gain
on sale of vessels
|
(27,047 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
54,317 | 62,912 | 48,160 | |||||||||
Operating
income
|
131,070 | 70,320 | 68,746 | |||||||||
Other
(expense) income:
|
||||||||||||
(Loss)
income from derivative instruments
|
(1,265 | ) | 108 | - | ||||||||
Interest
income
|
3,507 | 3,129 | 1,084 | |||||||||
Interest
expense
|
(26,503 | ) | (10,035 | ) | (15,348 | ) | ||||||
Other
(expense) income
|
(24,261 | ) | (6,798 | ) | (14,264 | ) | ||||||
Net
income
|
$ | 106,809 | $ | 63,522 | $ | 54,482 | ||||||
Earnings
per share-basic
|
$ | 4.08 | $ | 2.51 | $ | 2.91 | ||||||
Earnings
per share-diluted
|
$ | 4.06 | $ | 2.51 | $ | 2.90 | ||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding-basic
|
26,165,600 | 25,278,726 | 18,751,726 | |||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding-diluted
|
26,297,521 | 25,351,297 | 18,755,195 | |||||||||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
|
F-4
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income
for the
Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(U.S.
Dollars in Thousands)
Common
Stock
|
Paid
in
Capital
|
Retained
Earnings
|
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income
|
Comprehensive
Income
|
Total
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance
– January 1, 2005
|
$ | 135 | $ | 72,332 | $ | 907 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 73,374 | ||||||||||||
Net
income
|
54,482 | 54,482 | 54,482 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized
derivative gains from cash flow hedge, net
|
2,325 | 2,325 | 2,325 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income
|
56,807 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash
dividends paid ($0.60 per share)
|
(15,226 | ) | (15,226 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Capital
contribution from Fleet Acquisition LLC
|
2,705 | 2,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock
|
118 | 230,187 | 230,305 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 174,212 shares of nonvested stock
|
1 | (1 | ) | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nonvested
stock amortization
|
277 | 277 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance
– December 31, 2005
|
$ | 254 | $ | 305,500 | $ | 40,163 | $ | 2,325 | $ | 348,242 | ||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
63,522 | 63,522 | 63,522 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized
derivative gains from cash flow hedge, net
|
1,221 | 1,221 | 1,221 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income
|
$ | 64,743 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash
dividends paid ($2.40 per share)
|
(61,041 | ) | (61,041 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 72,000 shares of nonvested stock, less forfeitures of 750
shares
|
1 | (1 | ) | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nonvested
stock amortization
|
1,589 | 1,589 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance
– December 31, 2006
|
$ | 255 | $ | 307,088 | $ | 42,644 | $ | 3,546 | $ | 353,533 | ||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
106,809 | 106,809 | 106,809 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized
gain on short-term investments
|
38,540 | 38,540 | 38,540 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized
gain on currency translation on short-term investments,
net
|
1,545 | 1,545 | 1,545 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized
derivative loss on cash flow hedges, net
|
(24,614 | ) | (24,614 | ) | (24,614 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive
income
|
122,280 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash
dividends paid ($2.64 per share)
|
(69,577 | ) | (69,577 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock, 3,358,209 shares
|
34 | 213,837 | 213,871 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 109,200 shares of nonvested stock, less forfeitures of 7,062
shares
|
1 | (1 | ) | - | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nonvested
stock amortization
|
2,078 | 2,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance
– December 31, 2007
|
$ | 290 | $ | 523,002 | $ | 79,876 | $ | 19,017 | $ | 622,185 | ||||||||||||||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005
(U.S.
Dollars in Thousands)
Year
ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
||||||||||||
Net
income
|
$ | 106,809 | $ | 63,522 | $ | 54,482 | ||||||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
||||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
34,378 | 26,978 | 22,322 | |||||||||
Amortization
of deferred financing costs
|
4,128 | 341 | 4,611 | |||||||||
Amortization
of fair market value of time charter acquired
|
(5,139 | ) | 1,850 | 398 | ||||||||
Realized
losses on forward currency contract
|
9,864 | - | - | |||||||||
Unrealized
loss (gain) on derivative instruments
|
80 | (108 | ) | - | ||||||||
Unrealized
gain on hedged short-term investment
|
(10,160 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Unrealized
loss on forward currency contract
|
1,448 | - | - | |||||||||
Amortization
of nonvested stock compensation expense
|
2,078 | 1,589 | 277 | |||||||||
Gain
on sale of vessel
|
(27,047 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Change
in assets and liabilities:
|
||||||||||||
(Increase)
decrease in due from charterers
|
(1,872 | ) | (252 | ) | 445 | |||||||
Increase
in prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
(2,241 | ) | (2,069 | ) | (2,140 | ) | ||||||
Increase
in accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
6,164 | 2,288 | 4,610 | |||||||||
Increase
(decrease) in deferred revenue
|
5,908 | (1,114 | ) | 2,933 | ||||||||
(Decrease)
increase in deferred rent credit
|
(19 | ) | 264 | 479 | ||||||||
Deferred
drydock costs incurred
|
(3,517 | ) | (3,221 | ) | (187 | ) | ||||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
120,862 | 90,068 | 88,230 | |||||||||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
||||||||||||
Purchase
of vessels
|
(764,574 | ) | (81, 638 | ) | (267,024 | ) | ||||||
Deposits
on vessels
|
(150,279 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Purchase
of short-term investments
|
(115,577 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Payments
on forward currency contracts, net
|
(9,897 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Proceeds
from sale of vessels
|
56,536 | - | - | |||||||||
Purchase
of other fixed assets
|
(559 | ) | (1,202 | ) | (1,048 | ) | ||||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(984,350 | ) | (82, 840 | ) | (268,072 | ) | ||||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
||||||||||||
Proceeds
from the 2007 Credit Facility
|
1,193,000 | - | - | |||||||||
Repayments
on the 2007 Credit Facility
|
(257,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Proceeds
from the 2005 Credit Facility, Short-term Line and Original Credit
Facility
|
77,000 | 81,250 | 371,917 | |||||||||
Repayments
on the 2005 Credit Facility, Short-term Line and Original Credit
Facility
|
(288,933 | ) | - | (367,000 | ) | |||||||
Payment
of deferred financing costs
|
(6,931 | ) | (795 | ) | (3,378 | ) | ||||||
Capital
contributions from shareholder
|
- | - | 2,705 | |||||||||
Cash
dividends paid
|
(69,577 | ) | (61,041 | ) | (15,226 | ) | ||||||
Net
proceeds from issuance of common stock
|
213,871 | - | 230,305 | |||||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
861,430 | 19,414 | 219,323 | |||||||||
Net
(decrease) increase in cash
|
(2,058 | ) | 26,642 | 39,481 | ||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
73,554 | 46,912 | 7,431 | |||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at end of period
|
$ | 71,496 | $ | 73,554 | $ | 46,912 | ||||||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
|
F-6
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
(U.S.
Dollars in Thousands)
Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005
1 - GENERAL
INFORMATION
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited (“GS&T”) and its wholly owned
subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “we” or “us”). The Company is engaged
in the ocean transportation of drybulk cargoes worldwide through the ownership
and operation of drybulk carrier vessels. GS&T was incorporated on
September 27, 2004 under the laws of the Marshall Islands and is the sole
owner of all of the outstanding shares of the following subsidiaries: Genco Ship
Management LLC; Genco Investments LLC; and the ship-owning subsidiaries as set
forth below.
The
Company began operations on December 6, 2004 with the delivery of its first
vessel. The Company agreed to acquire a fleet of 16 drybulk carriers
from an unaffiliated third party on November 19, 2004 for approximately
$421,900; these vessels were delivered during 2004 and 2005.
On
October 14, 2005, the Company acquired the Genco Muse a 2001 Handymax vessel and
time charter contract for a total of $34,450 and was funded entirely by the
Company’s credit facility entered into on July 29, 2005 (the “2005 Credit
Facility”). On July 10, 2006, the Company acquired the Genco Acheron,
the Genco Commander, and the Genco Surprise for a total purchase price of
$81,250, all of which were delivered in the fourth quarter of
2006. During February 2007, the Company completed the sale of the
Genco Glory to Cloud Maritime S.A. for $13,004, net of commission. On
July 18, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire nine Capesize
vessels from companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation group for a
net purchase price of $1,111,000, consisting of the value of the vessels and the
liability for the below market time charter contracts acquired. On
August 10 and August 13, 2007, the Company also agreed to acquire six drybulk
vessels (three Supramax and three Handysize) from affiliates of Evalend Shipping
Co. S.A. for a net purchase price of $336,000, consisting of the value of the
vessels and the liability for the below market time charter contract
acquired.
On August
15, 2007, the Company decided to sell the two oldest vessels in its fleet, the
Genco Commander and the Genco Trader. On September 3, 2007, the
Company reached an agreement to sell the Genco Commander, a 1994-built Handymax
vessel, to Dan Sung Shipping Co. Ltd. for $44,450 less a 2% brokerage commission
payable to a third party. On December 3, 2007, the Company realized a
net gain of $23,472 and received net proceeds of $43,532. Lastly, on
October 2, 2007, the Company reached an agreement to sell the Genco Trader, a
1990-built Panamax vessel, to SW Shipping Co., Ltd for $44,000 less a 2%
brokerage commission payable to a third party. The Company expects to realize a net gain of
approximately $26,200 from the sale of the vessel, which occurred first quarter
of 2008. The Genco Trader is classified as held for sale at December
31, 2007. Upon completion of these acquisitions and
dispositions, Genco's fleet will consist of nine Capesize, six Panamax, three
Supramax, six Handymax, and eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with a total
carrying capacity of approximately 2,700,000 dwt and an average age of 7
years.
Below is
the list of the Company’s wholly owned ship-owning subsidiaries as of December
31, 2007:
Wholly
Owned
Subsidiaries
|
Vessels
Acquired
|
dwt
|
Date
Delivered
|
Year
Built
|
Date
Sold
|
|
Genco
Reliance Limited....................................
|
Genco
Reliance
|
29,952
|
12/6/04
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Glory Limited.........................................
|
Genco
Glory
|
41,061
|
12/8/04
|
1984
|
2/21/07
|
|
Genco
Vigour Limited.......................................
|
Genco
Vigour
|
73,941
|
12/15/04
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Explorer Limited....................................
|
Genco
Explorer
|
29,952
|
12/17/04
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Carrier Limited.......................................
|
Genco
Carrier
|
47,180
|
12/28/04
|
1998
|
—
|
|
Genco
Sugar Limited........................................
|
Genco
Sugar
|
29,952
|
12/30/04
|
1998
|
—
|
|
Genco
Pioneer Limited.....................................
|
Genco
Pioneer
|
29,952
|
1/4/05
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Progress Limited...................................
|
Genco
Progress
|
29,952
|
1/12/05
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Wisdom Limited...................................
|
Genco
Wisdom
|
47,180
|
1/13/05
|
1997
|
—
|
|
Genco
Success Limited.....................................
|
Genco
Success
|
47,186
|
1/31/05
|
1997
|
—
|
|
Genco
Beauty Limited.......................................
|
Genco
Beauty
|
73,941
|
2/7/05
|
1999
|
—
|
|
Genco
Knight Limited......................................
|
Genco
Knight
|
73,941
|
2/16/05
|
1999
|
—
|
F-7
Genco
Leader Limited......................................
|
Genco
Leader
|
73,941
|
2/16/05
|
1999
|
—
|
||
Genco
Marine Limited.....................................
|
Genco
Marine
|
45,222
|
3/29/05
|
1996
|
—
|
||
Genco
Prosperity Limited...............................
|
Genco
Prosperity
|
47,180
|
4/4/05
|
1997
|
—
|
||
Genco
Trader Limited....................................
|
Genco
Trader
|
69,338
|
6/7/05
|
1990
|
2/26/08
|
||
Genco
Muse Limited …………………
|
Genco
Muse
|
48,913
|
10/14/05
|
2001
|
—
|
||
Genco
Commander Limited …………
|
Genco
Commander
|
45,518
|
11/2/06
|
1994
|
12/3/07
|
||
Genco
Acheron Limited ……………..
|
Genco
Acheron
|
72,495
|
11/7/06
|
1999
|
—
|
||
Genco
Surprise Limited ……………..
|
Genco
Surprise
|
72,495
|
11/17/06
|
1998
|
—
|
||
Genco
Augustus Limited …………….
|
Genco
Augustus
|
180,151
|
8/17/07
|
2007
|
—
|
||
Genco
Tiberius Limited ……………..
|
Genco
Tiberius
|
175,874
|
8/28/07
|
2007
|
—
|
||
Genco
London Limited ………………
|
Genco
London
|
177,833
|
9/28/07
|
2007
|
—
|
||
Genco
Titus Limited …………….......
|
Genco
Titus
|
177,729
|
11/15/07
|
2007
|
—
|
||
Genco
Challenger Limited ………….
|
Genco
Challenger
|
28,428
|
12/14/07
|
2003
|
—
|
||
Genco
Charger Limited ……………..
|
Genco
Charger
|
28,398
|
12/14/07
|
2005
|
—
|
||
Genco
Warrior Limited …………….
|
Genco
Warrior
|
55,435
|
12/17/07
|
2005
|
—
|
||
Genco
Predator Limited …………….
|
Genco
Predator
|
55,407
|
12/20/07
|
2005
|
—
|
||
Genco
Hunter Limited ………………
|
Genco
Hunter
|
58,729
|
12/20/07
|
2007
|
—
|
||
Genco
Champion Limited …………..
|
Genco
Champion
|
28,445
|
1/2/08
|
2006
|
—
|
||
Genco
Constantine Limited …………
|
Genco
Constantine
|
180,183
|
2/21/08
|
2008
|
—
|
||
Genco
Hadrian Limited ……………..
|
Genco
Hadrian
|
170,500
|
Q4
2008 (1)
|
2008
(2)
|
—
|
||
Genco
Commodus Limited …………
|
Genco
Commodus
|
170,500
|
Q2
2009 (1)
|
2009
(2)
|
—
|
||
Genco
Maximus Limited ……………
|
Genco
Maximus
|
170,500
|
Q2
2009 (1)
|
2009
(2)
|
—
|
||
Genco
Claudius Limited …………….
|
Genco
Claudius
|
170,500
|
Q3
2009 (1)
|
2009
(2)
|
—
|
||
(1)
Dates for vessels being delivered in the future are estimates based on
guidance received from the sellers and/or the respective
shipyards.
|
|||||||
(2)
Built dates for vessels delivering in the future are estimates based on
guidance received from the sellers and respective
shipyards.
|
Prior to
its initial public offering, GS&T was 100% owned by Fleet Acquisition LLC, a
limited liability company organized on November 3, 2004 under the laws of
the Marshall Islands. Fleet Acquisition LLC was owned approximately
65.65% by OCM Principal Opportunities III Fund, L.P. and OCM Principal
Opportunities Fund IIIA, L.P., collectively, (“Oaktree”) of which Oaktree
Management LLC is the General Partner, approximately 26.57% by Peter
Georgiopoulos, and 7.78% by others. As of December 31, 2005, Fleet
Acquisition LLC maintained a 53.08% ownership in the Company. On
April 14, 2006, Fleet Acquisition LLC distributed 1,050,210 shares to certain of
its members, and on December 15, 2006, Fleet Acquisition LLC distributed
3,587,361 shares to Peter Georgiopoulos, our Chairman. As a result,
at December 31, 2006, Oaktree beneficially owned approximately 34.75% of the
Company through Fleet Acquisition, LLC and Peter Georgiopoulos beneficially
owned approximately 14.08%.
On July
18, 2005, prior to the closing of the public offering of GS&T’s common
stock, GS&T’s board of directors and stockholder approved a split (in the
form of a stock dividend, giving effect to a 27,000:1 common stock split) of the
Company’s common stock. All share and per share amounts relating to common
stock, included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and
footnotes, have been restated to reflect the stock split for all periods
presented.
In
January 2007, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) to register possible future offerings,
including possible resales by Fleet Acquisition LLC. That
registration statement, as amended, was declared effective by the SEC on
February 7, 2007. Fleet Acquisition LLC utilized that registration
statement to conduct an underwritten offering of 4,830,000 shares it owned,
including an over-allotment option granted to underwriters for 630,000 shares
which the underwriters exercised in full. Following completion of
that offering, Fleet Acquisition LLC owns 15.80% of our common
stock. During October 2007, the Company closed on an equity
offering of 3,358,209 shares of Genco common stock (with the exercise of the
underwriters’ over-allotment option) at an offering price of $67 per
share. The Company received net proceeds of $213,871 after deducting
underwriters’ fees and expenses. On October 5, 2007, the Company
utilized $214,000 including these proceeds to repay outstanding borrowings under
the 2007 Credit Facility. Additionally, in the same offering,
Fleet Acquisition LLC sold
F-8
1,076,291
shares (with the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option) at the
same offering price of $67 per share. The Company did not receive any
proceeds from the common stock sold by Fleet Acquisition LLC. On
January 10, 2008, the Board of Directors approved a grant of 100,000 nonvested
common stock to Peter Georgiopoulos, Chairman of the Board. This grant
vests ratably on each of the ten anniversaries of the determined vesting date
beginning with November 15, 2008. After the offering and the grant to
the Mr. Georgiopoulos, Fleet Acquisition LLC owns approximately 10.17% of the
Company, and Mr. Georgiopoulos owns approximately 12.70% of the
Company.
2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of
consolidation
The
accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S.
GAAP”), which include the accounts of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have
been eliminated in consolidation.
Business
geographics
The
Company’s vessels regularly move between countries in international waters, over
hundreds of trade routes and, as a result, the disclosure of geographic
information is impracticable.
Vessel
acquisitions
When the
Company enters into an acquisition transaction, it determines whether the
acquisition transaction was the purchase of an asset or a business based on the
facts and circumstances of the transaction. As is customary in the
shipping industry, the purchase of a vessel is normally treated as a purchase of
an asset as the historical operating data for the vessel is not reviewed nor is
material to our decision to make such acquisition.
When a
vessel is acquired with an existing time charter, the Company allocates the
purchase price of the vessel and the time charter based on, among other things,
vessel market valuations and the present value (using an interest rate which
reflects the risks associated with the acquired charters) of the difference
between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the charter terms and
(ii) management's estimate of the fair market charter rate, measured over a
period equal to the remaining term of the charter. The capitalized
above-market (assets) and below-market (liabilities) charters are amortized as a
reduction or increase, respectively, to voyage revenues over the remaining term
of the charter.
Segment
reporting
The
Company reports financial information and evaluates its operations by charter
revenues and not by the length of ship employment for its customers, i.e., spot
or time charters. The Company does not use discrete financial information to
evaluate the operating results for different types of charters. Although revenue
can be identified for these types of charters, management cannot and does not
separately identify expenses, profitability or other financial information for
these charters. As a result, management, including the chief operating decision
maker, reviews operating results solely by revenue per day and operating results
of the fleet and thus, the Company has determined that it operates under one
reportable segment. Furthermore, when the Company charters a vessel to a
charterer, the charterer is free to trade the vessel worldwide and, as a result,
the disclosure of geographic information is impracticable.
Revenue and voyage expense
recognition
Since the
Company’s inception, revenues have been generated from time charter agreements
and pool agreements. A time charter involves placing a vessel at the charterer’s
disposal for a set period of time during which the charterer may use the vessel
in return for the payment by the charterer of a specified daily hire rate. In
time charters, operating costs including crews, maintenance and insurance are
typically paid by the owner of the vessel and specified voyage costs such as
fuel and port charges are paid by the charterer. There are certain other
non-specified voyage expenses such as commissions which are borne by the
Company.
F-9
The
Company records time charter revenues over the term of the charter as service is
provided. Revenues are recognized on a straight-line basis as the average
revenue over the term of the respective time charter agreement. The
Company recognizes vessel operating expenses when incurred.
In
December 2005 and February 2006, respectively, the Genco Trader and the Genco
Leader entered into the Baumarine Panamax Pool. Vessel pools, such as
the Baumarine Panamax Pool, provide cost-effective commercial management
activities for a group of similar class vessels. The pool arrangement
provides the benefits of a large-scale operation, and chartering efficiencies
that might not be available to smaller fleets. Under the pool
arrangement, the vessels operate under a time charter agreement whereby the cost
of bunkers and port expenses are borne by the charterer and operating costs
including crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of
the vessel. Since the members of the pool share in the revenue
generated by the entire group of vessels in the pool, and the pool operates in
the spot market, the revenue earned by these two vessels was subject to the
fluctuations of the spot market. Effective December 24, 2006 and
January 15, 2007, respectively, the Genco Trader and Genco Leader exited the
Baumarine Panamax Pool.
Due from charterers,
net
Due from
charterers, net includes accounts receivable from charters net of the provision
for doubtful accounts. At each balance sheet date, the Company provides for the
provision based on a review of all outstanding charter receivables. Included in
the standard time charter contracts with our customers are certain performance
parameters, which if not met can result in customer claims. As of
December 31, 2007, we had no reserve against due from charterers balance and an
additional reserve of $734 in deferred revenue, each of which is associated with
estimated customer claims against the Company including time charter performance
issues. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had a reserve of $187
against due from charterers balance and an additional reserve of $571 in
deferred revenue, each of which is associated with estimated customer claims
against the Company, including time charter performance issues.
Revenue
is based on contracted charterparties and, although the Company's business is
with customers whom the Company believes to be of the highest standard, there is
always the possibility of dispute over terms and payment of hires and freights.
In particular, disagreements may arise as to the responsibility of lost time and
revenue due to the Company as a result. As such, the Company periodically
assesses the recoverability of amounts outstanding and estimates a provision if
there is a possibility of non-recoverability. Although the Company believes its
provisions to be reasonable at the time they are made, it is possible that an
amount under dispute is not ultimately recovered and the estimated provision for
doubtful accounts is inadequate.
Vessel operating
expenses
Vessel
operating expenses include crew wages and related costs, the cost of insurance,
expenses relating to repairs and maintenance, the cost of spares and consumable
stores, and other miscellaneous expenses. Vessel operating expenses are
recognized when incurred.
Vessels,
net
Vessels,
net are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Included in vessel costs
are acquisition costs directly attributable to the acquisition of a vessel and
expenditures made to prepare the vessel for its initial voyage. The
Company also considers interest costs for a vessel under construction as a cost
which is directly attributable to the acquisition of a
vessel. Vessels are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their
estimated useful lives, determined to be 25 years from the date of initial
delivery from the shipyard. Depreciation expense for vessels for the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $32,900, $26,344, and $22,238,
respectively.
Depreciation
expense is calculated based on cost less the estimated residual scrap value. The
costs of significant replacements, renewals and betterments are capitalized and
depreciated over the shorter of the vessel’s remaining estimated useful life or
the estimated life of the renewal or betterment. Undepreciated cost of any asset
component being replaced that was acquired after the initial vessel purchase is
written off as a component of vessel operating expense. Expenditures for routine
maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Scrap value is estimated by
the Company by taking the cost of steel times the weight of the ship noted in
lightweight ton (lwt). At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company estimated the
residual value of vessels to be $175/lwt.
F-10
Fixed assets,
net
Fixed
assets, net are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and
amortization. Depreciation and amortization are based on a straight
line basis over the estimated useful life of the specific asset placed in
service. The following table is used in determining the estimated
useful lives:
Description Useful
lives
Leasehold
improvements
15 years
Furniture,
fixtures & other
equipment 5
years
Vessel
equipment
2-5 years
Computer
equipment 3
years
Depreciation
expense for fixed assets for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
was $393, $304, and $49, respectively.
Deferred drydocking
costs
The
Company’s vessels are required to be drydocked approximately every 30 to 60
months for major repairs and maintenance that cannot be performed while the
vessels are operating. The Company capitalizes the costs associated with the
drydockings as they occur and depreciates these costs on a straight-line basis
over the period between drydockings. Costs capitalized as part of a vessel’s
drydocking include actual costs incurred at the drydocking yard; cost of parts
that are reasonably made in anticipation of reducing the duration or cost of the
drydocking; cost of travel, lodging and subsistence of personnel sent to the
drydocking site to supervise; and the cost of hiring a third party to oversee
the drydocking. Depreciation expense for drydocking for the years
ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $1,084, $331, and $36,
respectively.
Inventory
Inventory
consists of lubricants and bunkers (fuel) which are stated at the lower of cost
or market. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out
method. Inventory is included in prepaid expenses and other current
assets.
Impairment of long-lived
assets
The
Company follows the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which requires impairment losses to
be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of
impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated
by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. In the evaluation of the
fair value and future benefits of long-lived assets, the Company performs an
analysis of the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows of the related
long-lived assets. If the carrying value of the related asset exceeds the
undiscounted cash flows, the carrying value is reduced to its fair value.
Various factors including anticipated future charter rates, estimated scrap
values, future drydocking costs and estimated vessel operating costs, are
included in this analysis.
For the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, no impairment charges were
recorded, based on the analysis described above.
Deferred financing
costs
Deferred
financing costs, included in other assets, consist of fees, commissions and
legal expenses associated with obtaining loan facilities. These costs are
amortized over the life of the related debt, which is included in interest
expense.
F-11
Cash and cash
equivalents
The
Company considers highly liquid investments such as time deposits and
certificates of deposit with an original maturity of three months or less to be
cash equivalents.
Short-term
investments
The
Company holds an investment in the capital stock of Jinhui Shipping and
Transportation Limited (“Jinhui”). Jinhui is a drybulk shipping owner
and operator focused on the Supramax segment of drybulk
shipping. This investment is designated as Available For Sale (“AFS”)
and is reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in
shareholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income
(“OCI”). Effective August 16, 2007, the Company has elected hedge
accounting for forward currency contracts in place associated with the cost
basis of the Jinhui shares, and therefore the unrealized currency gain or loss
associated with the cost basis in the Jinhui shares will now be reflected in the
income statement as income or (loss) from derivative instruments to offset the
gain or loss associated with these forward currency contracts. The
cost of securities when sold is based on the specific identification
method. Realized gains and losses on the sale of these securities
will be reflected in the consolidated statement of operations in other (expense)
income. Additionally, the realized gain or loss on the forward
currency contracts is reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows as
an investing activity and is reflected in the caption Payments on forward
currency contracts, net.
Short-term
investments are reviewed periodically to identify possible other-than-temporary
impairment. When evaluating the investments, the Company reviews
factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below
the cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, the underlying net asset
value of the issuers assets and liabilities, and the Company’s ability and
intent to hold the investment for a period of time which may be sufficient for
anticipated recovery in market value. Should the decline in the value
of any investment be deemed to be other-than-temporary, the investment basis
would be written down to fair market value, and the write-down would be recorded
to earnings as a loss.
Income
taxes
Pursuant
to Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended (the
“Code”), qualified income derived from the international operations of ships is
excluded from gross income and exempt from U.S. federal income tax if a company
engaged in the international operation of ships meets certain requirements.
Among other things, in order to qualify, the company must be incorporated in a
country which grants an equivalent exemption to U.S. corporations and must
satisfy certain qualified ownership requirements.
The
Company is incorporated in the Marshall Islands. Pursuant to the income tax laws
of the Marshall Islands, the Company is not subject to Marshall Islands income
tax. The Marshall Islands has been officially recognized by the Internal Revenue
Service as a qualified foreign country that currently grants the requisite
equivalent exemption from tax.
Based on
the ownership of our common stock prior to our initial public offering on
July 22, 2005 as discussed in Note 1, we qualified for exemption from income tax
for 2005 under Section 883, since we were a Controlled Foreign Corporation
(“CFC”) and satisfied certain other criteria in the Section 883 regulations. We
were a CFC, as defined in the Code, since until the initial public offering on
July 22, 2005, over 50% of our stock was owned by United States holders each of
whom owned ten percent or more of our voting stock, or US 10% Owners. During
that time, approximately 93% of our common stock was held by US 10%
Owners.
Based on
the publicly traded requirement of the Section 883 regulations, we believe that
the Company qualified for exemption from income tax for 2007 and
2006. In order to meet the publicly traded requirement,
our stock must be treated as being primarily and regularly traded for more than
half the days of any such year. Under the Section 883 regulations, our
qualification for the publicly traded requirement may be jeopardized if
shareholders of our common stock that own five percent or more of our stock (“5%
shareholders”) own, in the aggregate, 50% or more of our common stock for more
than half the days of the year. We believe that during 2007 and
2006, the combined ownership of our 5% shareholders did not equal 50% or more of
our common stock for more than half the days of 2007 and 2006. However if our 5%
shareholders were to increase their ownership to 50% or more of our common stock
for more than half the days of 2008 or any future taxable year, we would not be
eligible to claim exemption from tax under Section 883 for that
F-12
taxable
year. We can therefore give no assurance that changes and shifts in the
ownership of our stock by 5% shareholders will not preclude us from qualifying
for exemption from tax in 2008 or in future years.
If the
Company does not qualify for the exemption from tax under Section 883, it would
be subject to a 4% tax on the gross “shipping income” (without the allowance for
any deductions) that is treated as derived from sources within the United States
or “United States source shipping income.” For these purposes, “shipping income”
means any income that is derived from the use of vessels, from the hiring or
leasing of vessels for use, or from the performance of services directly related
to those uses; and “United States source shipping income” includes 50% of
shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but
that does not both begin and end, in the United States.
Deferred
revenue
Deferred
revenue primarily relates to cash received from charterers prior to it being
earned. These amounts are recognized as income when
earned. Additionally, deferred revenue includes estimated customer
claims mainly due to time charter performance issues.
Comprehensive
income
The
Company follows SFAS No. 130 “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” which establishes
standards for reporting and displaying comprehensive income and its components
in financial statements. Comprehensive income is comprised of net
income and amounts related to SFAS No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities” as well as unrealized gains or losses
associated with the Company’s short-term investments.
Nonvested stock
awards
In 2006,
the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, for nonvested stock
issued under its equity incentive plan. Adoption of this new
accounting policy did not change the method of accounting for nonvested stock
awards. However, deferred compensation costs from nonvested stock
have been classified as a component of paid-in capital as required by SFAS
No. 123R.
Accounting
estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Significant estimates include vessel and drydock
valuations and the valuation of amounts due to / due from
charterers. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Concentration of credit
risk
Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit
risk are amounts due from charterers. With respect to amounts due from
charterers, the Company attempts to limit its credit risk by performing ongoing
credit evaluations and, when deemed necessary, requiring letters of credit,
guarantees or collateral. The Company earned 100% of revenues from 18 customers
in 2007 and earned 100% of revenue from 14 customers in 2006 and 97% of revenues
from 12 customers in 2005, management does not believe significant risk exists
in connection with the Company’s concentrations of credit at December 31, 2007
and 2006.
For the
year ended December 31, 2007 there were two customers that individually
accounted for more than 10% of revenue, which represented 15.42% and 13.74%, of
revenue, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2006 there
were two customers that individually accounted for more than 10% of revenue,
which represented 15.74% and 21.51% of revenue,
respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2005 there were
three customers that individually accounted for more than 10% of revenue, which
represented 11.68%, 15.27% and 26.33% of revenue, respectively.
F-13
Fair value of financial
instruments
The
estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments such as amounts due
to / due from charterers, and accounts payable approximate their individual
carrying amounts as of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 due to their
short-term maturity or the variable-rate nature of the respective
borrowings.
The fair
value of the interest rate swaps and forward currency contracts (used for
purposes other than trading) is the estimated amount the Company would receive
to terminate these agreements at the reporting date, taking into account current
interest rates and the creditworthiness of the counterparty for assets and
creditworthiness of the Company for liabilities. See Note 10 - Fair
Value of Financial Instruments for additional disclosure on the fair values of
long term debt, derivative instruments, and available-for-sale
securities.
The
Company adopted SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”) in the
first quarter of 2007, which did not have a material impact on the financial
statements of the Company.
Derivative financial
instruments
Interest rate risk
management
The
Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. The
Company’s objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on its
earnings and cash flow in relation to borrowings primarily for the purpose of
acquiring drybulk vessels. These borrowings are subject to a variable
borrowing rate. The Company uses forward starting pay-fixed receive-variable
interest rate swaps to manage future interest costs and the risk associated with
changing interest rate obligations. These swaps are designated as
cash flow hedges of future variable rate interest payments and are tested for
effectiveness on a quarterly basis.
The
differential to be paid or received for the effectively hedged portion of any
swap agreement is recognized as an adjustment to interest expense as
incurred. Additionally, the changes in value for the portion of the
swaps that are effectively hedging future interest payments are reflected as a
component of OCI.
For the
portion of the forward interest rate swaps that are not effectively hedged, the
change in the value and the rate differential to be paid or received is
recognized as income or (expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a
component of other (expense) income until such time the Company has obligations
against which the swap is designated and is an effective hedge.
Currency risk
management
The
Company currently holds an investment in Jinhui shares that are traded on the
Oslo Stock Exchange located in Norway, and as such, the Company is exposed to
the impact of exchange rate changes on this available-for-sale security
denominated in Norwegian Kroner. The Company’s objective is to manage
the impact of exchange rate changes on its earnings and cash flows in relation
to its cost basis associated with its short-term investments. The Company uses
foreign currency forward contracts to protect its original investment from
changing exchange rates.
The
change in the value of the forward currency contracts is recognized as income or
(expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
(expense) income. Effective August 16, 2007, the Company elected to
utilize fair value hedge accounting for these instruments whereby the change in
the value in the forward contracts continues to be recognized as income or
(expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
(expense) income. Fair value hedge accounting then accelerates the
recognition of the effective portion of the currency translation gain or (loss)
on the Available for Sale Security from August 16, 2007 from OCI into income or
(expense) from derivative instruments and is listed as a component of other
(expense) income. Time value of the forward contracts are excluded
from effectiveness testing and recognized currently in income.
New accounting
pronouncements
In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS
No.157, “Fair Value Measurements” which enhances existing guidance for measuring
assets and liabilities using fair value. Previously, guidance for applying fair
value was incorporated in several accounting pronouncements. The new
statement provides a single definition of fair value,
F-14
together
with a framework for measuring it, and requires additional disclosure about the
use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. While the
statement does not add any new fair value measurements, it does change current
practice. One such change is a requirement to adjust the value of nonvested
stock for the effect of the restriction even if the restriction lapses within
one year.
Additionally,
in February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-2, which
delays the effective date of SFAS Statement No. 157 to fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2008 and interim periods with those fiscal years
for all nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or
disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at
least annually) until January 1, 2009 for calendar year end entities. The
Company has already adopted this Statement except as it applies to nonfinancial
assets and liabilities as noted in FSP 157-2. The partial adoption of SFAS
No. 157 did not have a significant impact on its consolidated results of
operations or financial position. The Company is currently evaluating the effect
that the adoption of SFAS No. 157, as it relates to nonfinancial assets and
liabilities, will have on its consolidated results of operations or financial
position.
In July
2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes–an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.”
FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized by
prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be
taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for years beginning
after December 15, 2006. The Company has adopted FIN 48, and its adoption
did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS
No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”
(“SFAS No. 159”). Under this statement, the Company may elect to
report financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on a
contract-by-contract basis with changes in value reported in
earnings. This election is irrevocable. SFAS No. 159 is
effective for the Company commencing in 2008. Early adoption within
120 days of the beginning of the year is permissible, provided the Company has
adopted SFAS No. 157. The adoption of SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008, is
not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of the
Company.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), “Business
Combinations” (SFAS No. 141R). SFAS No. 141R will
significantly change the accounting for business combinations. Under
SFAS No. 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the
acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS No. 141R
also includes a substantial number of new disclosure requirements and applies
prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or
after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after
December 15, 2008. As the provisions of SFAS No. 141R are applied
prospectively, the impact to the Company cannot be determined until the
transactions occur.
3 - CASH FLOW
INFORMATION
The
Company currently has eight interest rate swaps, and these swaps are
described and discussed in Note 8. The fair value of the swaps is in a liability
position of $21,039 as of December 31, 2007. At December 31, 2006,
there were a total of three interest rate swaps of which one of the
swaps was in an asset position of $4,462 and other two swaps were in a
liability position of $807.
The
Company had non-cash operating and investing activities not included in the
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for items included in accounts payable and
accrued expenses consisting of $682 for the purchase of vessels, $1,227
associated with deposits on vessels, $1,670 for the purchase of short-term
investments, and $16 for the purchase of fixed assets for the year ended
December 31, 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company
had non-cash operating and investing activities not included in the Consolidated
Statement of Cash Flows for items included in accounts payable and accrued
expenses for the purchase of vessels of approximately $41. Lastly, the Company
had items in prepaid expenses and other current assets consisting of $2,489
which had reduced the deposits on vessels.
During
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the cash paid for interest,
net of amounts capitalized were $18,887, $9,553, and $9,587, respectively.
On
February 8, 2007, the Company granted nonvested stock to certain directors and
employees. The fair value of such nonvested stock was $494 on the grant date and
was recorded in equity. Additionally,
during January 2007,
F-15
nonvested
stock forfeited amounted to $54 for shares granted in 2005 and is recorded in
equity. During May 2007, nonvested stock forfeited amounted to $88
for shares granted in 2006 and 2005 and is recorded in
equity. Lastly, on December 21, 2007, the Company granted nonvested
stock to certain employees. The fair value of such nonvested stock was $4,935 on
the grant date and was recorded in equity.
During
2006, the Company granted nonvested stock to its employees. The fair value of
such nonvested stock was $2,018 on the grant date and was recorded in
equity. Additionally, during 2006, nonvested stock forfeited amounted
to $12 for shares granted in 2005 and is recorded in
equity.
During
2005, the Company granted nonvested stock to its employees and directors. The
fair value of such nonvested stock was $2,940 on the grant dates and was
recorded in equity.
4 - VESSEL ACQUISITIONS AND
DISPOSITIONS
On
August 15, 2007, the Company decided to sell the two oldest vessels in its
fleet, the Genco Commander and the Genco Trader. On September 3,
2007, the Company reached an agreement to sell the Genco Commander, a 1994-built
Handymax vessel, to Dan Sung Shipping Co. Ltd. for $44,450 less a 2% brokerage
commission payable to a third party. On December 3, 2007, the Company
realized a net gain of $23,472 and received net proceeds of
$43,532. Lastly, on October 2, 2007, the Company reached an agreement
to sell the Genco Trader, a 1990-built Panamax vessel, to SW Shipping Co., Ltd
for $44,000 less a 2% brokerage commission payable to a third party. The Company
expects to realize a net gain of approximately $26,200 from the sale of the
vessel in the first quarter of 2008. The Genco Trader is classified
as held for sale at December 31, 2007 in the amount of $16,857.
On
August 10 and August 13, 2007, the Company also agreed to acquire six drybulk
vessels (three Supramax and three Handysize) from affiliates of Evalend
Shipping Co. S.A. for a net purchase price of $336,000, consisting of the value
of the vessels and the liability for the below market time charter contract
acquired. As of December 31, 2007, the Company completed the
acquisition of five of the vessels, the Genco Predator, Genco Warrior, Genco
Hunter, Genco Charger, Genco Challenger, and completed the acquisition of the
sixth vessel, the Genco Champion, on January 2, 2008.
In July
2007 the Company entered into an agreement to acquire nine Capesize vessels from
companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation group for a net
purchase price of $1,111,000, consisting of the value of the vessels and the
liability for the below market time charter contracts acquired. As of
December 31, 2007, four of the nine Capesize vessels, the Genco Augustus, Genco
Tiberius, Genco London, and Genco Titus, all 2007 built vessels, were delivered
to Genco. On February 21, 2008, the Company completed the acquisition
of the Genco Constantine, a 2008 built Capesize vessel. The remaining
four Capesize vessels are expected to be built, and subsequently delivered to
Genco, between the fourth quarter of 2008 and the third quarter of
2009. Upon completion of these acquisitions and dispositions, Genco's fleet
will consist of nine Capesize, six Panamax, three Supramax, six Handymax, and
eight Handysize drybulk carriers, with a total carrying capacity of
approximately 2,700,000 dwt and an average age of 7 years.
As four
of the Capesize vessels and one of the Supramax vessels delivered during 2007
had existing below market time charters at the time of the acquisition, the
Company recorded the fair market value of time charter acquired of $51,373
which is being amortized as an increase to voyage revenues during the
remaining term of each respective time charter. For year ended December 31,
2007, $6,382 was amortized into revenue. No amortization occurred
during 2006 as the transaction occurred in 2007. This balance will be
amortized into revenue over a weighted average period of 2.25 years and will be
amortized as follows: $21,405 for 2008, $18,975 for 2009, $3,635 for 2010 and
$976 for 2011. The remaining unamortized fair market value of time
charter acquired at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 is $44,991 and $0,
respectively.
On
December 21, 2006, the Company engaged the services of WeberCompass (Hellas)
S.A. to sell the Genco Glory. The Company, as of such date, reclassed
the net assets associated with the Genco Glory to “Vessel held for Sale” in the
current asset section of the balance sheet and discontinued depreciating such
assets. At December 31, 2006, the net assets classified as Vessel
held for Sale was $9,450. On February 21, 2007, the Genco Glory was
sold to Cloud Maritime S.A. for $13,004 net of a brokerage commission of 1%
was paid to WeberCompass (Hellas) S.A. Based on the selling price and
the net book value of the vessel, the Company recorded a gain of
$3,575 during the first quarter of 2007.
On July
10, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with affiliates of Franco
Compania Naviera S.A.
F-16
under
which the Company purchased three drybulk vessels for an aggregate price of
$81,250. These vessels were delivered in the fourth quarter of
2006. The acquisition consisted of a 1999 Japanese-built Panamax
vessel, the Genco Acheron, a 1998 Japanese-built Panamax vessel, the Genco
Surprise, and a 1994 Japanese-built Handymax vessel, the Genco
Commander.
On
October 14, 2005, the Company took delivery of the Genco Muse, a 48,913 dwt
Handymax drybulk carrier and the results of its operations are included in the
consolidated results of the Company after that date. The vessel is a 2001
Japanese-built vessel. The total purchase price of the vessel was $34,450. The
purchase price included the assumption of an existing time charter with Qatar
Navigation QSC at a rate of $26.5 per day. Due to the above-market rate of the
existing time charter, the Company capitalized $3,492 of the purchase price as
an asset which is being amortized as a reduction of voyage revenues through
September 2007 (the remaining term of the charter). For 2007, 2006 and 2005,
$1,244, $1,850 and $398, respectively, was amortized and $0 and $1,244,
respectively, remains unamortized at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
.
See Note
1 for discussion on the initial acquisition of our initial 16 drybulk
carriers.
The
purchase and sale of the aforementioned vessels is consistent with the Company's
strategy of selectively expanding the number and maintaining the high-quality
vessels in the fleet.
5 – SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
The
Company holds an investment of 15,439,800 shares of Jinhui capital stock and is
recorded at the fair value of $167,524 based on the closing price of 59.00 NOK
at December 28, 2007, the last trading date on the Oslo exchange in
2007. The unrealized gain due to the appreciation of stock and
currency translation gain at December 31, 2007 is $38,540 and $11,705,
respectively. The unrealized currency translation gain prior to
the implementation of hedge accounting of $1,545 is recorded as a component of
OCI since this investment is designated as an AFS security. However,
effective on August 16, 2007, the Company elected to utilize hedge accounting
for forward contracts hedging the currency risk associated with the Norwegian
Kroner cost basis in the Jinhui stock. Fair value hedge accounting
resulted in recognizing both an unrealized currency translation gain of $10,160
on the stock basis and an offsetting loss on the forward
contracts. The unrealized appreciation in the stock and the currency
translation gain above the cost basis are recorded as a component of
OCI. Realized gains and losses on the sale of these securities will
be reflected in the consolidated statement of operations in other expense once
sold. Time value of the forward contracts are excluded from
effectiveness testing and recognized currently in income. At December
31, 2007, an immaterial amount was recognized in income or (expense) from
derivative instruments associated with excluded time value and
ineffectiveness.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company had one short-term forward currency contract to
hedge the Company’s exposure to the Norwegian Kroner related to the cost basis
of Jinhui stock as described above. The forward currency contract for
a notional amount of 685.1 million NOK (Norwegian Kroner) or $124,557, matured
on January 17, 2008. As forward contracts expire, the Company continues to enter
into new forward currency contracts for the cost basis of the Short-term
investment, excluding commissions, however the hedge is limited to the lower of
the cost basis or the market value at time of designation. As
February 19, 2008 the Company has a forward currency contract for the notional
amount of 739.2 million NOK for $135.6 million. For the year ended
December 31, 2007, the net losses (realized and unrealized) of $1,185 related to
the forward currency contracts and to the hedged translations gain on the cost
basis of the Jinhui stock are reflected as (loss) income from derivative
instruments and are included as a component of other expense. The
short-term liability associated with the forward currency contract at December
31, 2007 is $1,448, and is presented as the fair value of derivatives on the
balance sheet. The loss associated with this liability is included in
the net loss from derivative instruments.
6 - EARNINGS PER COMMON
SHARE
The
computation of basic earnings (loss) per share is based on the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the year. The computation of diluted
earnings (loss) per share assumes the vesting of granted nonvested stock awards
(see Note 18), for which the assumed proceeds upon grant are deemed to be the
amount of compensation cost attributable to future services and are not yet
recognized using the treasury stock method, to the extent dilutive. For the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the nonvested stock grants
are dilutive.
F-17
The
components of the denominator for the calculation of basic earnings per share
and diluted earnings per share are as follows:
Years Ended
December 31,
|
||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||
Common
shares outstanding, basic:
|
||||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding, basic
|
26,165,600 | 25,278,726 | 18,751,726 | |||||||||
Common
shares outstanding, diluted:
|
||||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding, basic
|
26,165,600 | 25,278,726 | 18,751,726 | |||||||||
Weighted
average nonvested stock awards
|
131,921 | 72,571 | 3,469 | |||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding, diluted
|
26,297,521 | 25,351,297 | 18,755,195 |
7 - RELATED PARTY
TRANSACTIONS
The
following are related party transactions not disclosed elsewhere in these
financial statements:
In June
2006, the Company made an employee performing internal audit services available
to General Maritime Corporation (“GMC”), where the Company’s Chairman, Peter C.
Georgiopoulos, also serves as Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and
President. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the
Company invoiced $167 and $52, respectively, to GMC for the time associated with
such internal audit services. In 2005, no such arrangement was in
place. In April 2005, the Company began renting office space in a
building leased by GenMar Realty LLC, a company wholly owned by Peter C.
Georgiopoulos, the Chairman of the Board. There was no lease
agreement between the Company and GenMar Realty LLC. The Company paid an
occupancy fee on a month-to-month basis in the amount of $55. For the
year ended December 31, 2005, the Company incurred $440 and this lease was
terminated at December 31, 2005. At December 31, 2007 the amount due
GMC from the Company is $5 and the amount due the Company from GMC at December
31, 2006 is $25.
During
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company incurred
travel-related and miscellaneous expenditures totaling $248, $257 and $113,
respectively. These travel-related expenditures are reimbursable to
GMC or its service provider. For the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005, approximately $0, $49 and $113, respectively of these travel
expenditures were paid from the gross proceeds received from the initial public
offering and as such were included in the determination of net
proceeds. Prior to its initial public offering, and for the year
ended December 31, 2005, the Company purchased $25 of computers and incurred $17
of expense for consultative services provided by GMC.
During
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company incurred legal
services (primarily in connection with vessel acquisitions) aggregating $219,
$82, and $176, respectively, from Constantine Georgiopoulos, the father of Peter
C. Georgiopoulos, Chairman of the Board. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, $86 and
$54, respectively was outstanding to Constantine Georgiopoulos.
In
December 2006, the Company engaged the services of WeberCompass (Hellas) S.A.
(“WC”), a shipbroker, to facilitate the sale of the Genco Glory. One
of our directors, Basil G. Mavroleon, is a Managing Director of WC and a
Managing Director and shareholder of Charles R. Weber Company, Inc., which is
50% shareholder of WC. WC received a commission of $132, or 1% of the
gross selling price of the Genco Glory.
During
2007, the Company utilized the services of North Star Maritime, Inc. (“NSM”)
which is owned and operated by one of our directors, Rear Admiral Robert C.
North, USCG (ret.). NSM, a marine industry consulting firm,
specializes in international and domestic maritime safety, security and
environmental protection issues. NSM billed $12 for services
rendered. There are no amounts due to NSM at December 31, 2007 and
2006.
F-18
8 - LONG-TERM
DEBT
Long-term
debt consists of the following:
December
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
|||||||
|
||||||||
Outstanding total
debt
|
$ | 936,000 | $ | 211,933 | ||||
Less:
Current portion
|
43,000 | 4,322 | ||||||
Long-term
debt
|
$ | 893,000 | $ | 207,611 |
The above
table reflects $43,000 as current debt as of December 31, 2007, of which $43,000
was repaid in February 2008 using proceeds from the sale of the Genco
Trader described in Note 21 - Subsequent Events. Upon the sale of a
mortgaged vessel, the 2007 Credit Facility requires the Company to repay a
pro-rata portion of the long-term debt upon the sale of a mortgaged
vessel. The repayment amount is calculated by dividing the value of
the mortgaged vessels being sold by the value of the entire mortgaged fleet at
time of sale and multiplying such percentage by the total expected debt
outstanding at time of sale. However the Company elected to utilize
the majority of the proceeds from the sale of the Genco Trader to repay
debt.
2007 Credit
Facility
On July
20, 2007, the Company entered into a new credit facility with DnB Nor Bank ASA
(the “2007 Credit Facility”) for the purpose of acquiring the nine new Capesize
vessels and refinancing the Company’s existing 2005 Credit Facility and
Short-Term Line. DnB Nor Bank ASA is also Mandated Lead Arranger,
Bookrunner, and Administrative Agent. The Company has used borrowings under the
2007 Credit Facility to repay amounts outstanding under the 2005 Credit Facility
and the Short-Term Line, and these two facilities have accordingly been
terminated. The maximum amount that may be borrowed under the 2007
Credit Facility is $1,377,000. Subsequent to the equity offering
completed in October 2007, the Company is no longer required pay up to $6,250 or
such lesser amount as is available from Net Cash Flow (as defined in the credit
agreement for the 2007 Credit Facility) each fiscal quarter to reduce borrowings
under the 2007 Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2007,
$441,000 remains available to fund future vessel acquisitions. The
Company may borrow up to $50,000 of the $441,000 for working capital
purposes. On February 26, 2008, after repayment of $43,000 of
borrowings due to the sale of the Trader and additional borrowings of $151,500
for the acquisition of the Genco Champion and Genco Constantine during the first
quarter of 2008, $332,500 remains available to fund future vessel
acquisitions.
Under
the 2007 Credit Facility, subject to the conditions set forth in the
credit agreement, the Company may borrow an amount up to
$1,377,000. Amounts borrowed and repaid under the 2007 Credit
Facility may be reborrowed. The 2007 Credit Facility has a
maturity date of July 20, 2017, or ten years from the signing date of the 2007
Credit Facility.
Loans
made under the 2007 Credit Facility may be used for the
following:
·
|
up
to 100% of the en bloc purchase price of $1,111,000 for nine modern
drybulk Capesize vessels, which the Company has agreed to purchase from
companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation
group;
|
·
|
repayment
of amounts previously outstanding under the Company’s 2005 Credit
Facility, or $206,233;
|
·
|
the
repayment of amounts previously outstanding under the Company’s Short-Term
Line, or $77,000;
|
·
|
possible
acquisitions of additional dry bulk carriers between 25,000 and 180,000
dwt that are up to ten years of age at the time of delivery and not more
than 18 years of age at the time of maturity of the new credit
facility;
|
·
|
up
to $50,000 of working capital; and
|
F-19
·
|
the
issuance of up to $50,000 of standby letters of credit. At December
31, 2007, there were no letters of credit issued under the 2007 Credit
Facility.
|
All
amounts owing under the 2007 Credit Facility are secured by the
following:
·
|
cross-collateralized
first priority mortgages of each of the Company’s existing vessels and any
new vessels financed with the new credit
facility;
|
·
|
an
assignment of any and all earnings of the mortgaged
vessels;
|
·
|
an
assignment of all insurances of the mortgaged
vessels;
|
·
|
a
first priority perfected security interest in all of the shares of Jinhui
owned by the Company;
|
·
|
an
assignment of the shipbuilding contracts and an assignment of the
shipbuilder’s refund guarantees meeting the Administrative Agent’s
criteria for any additional newbuildings financed under the new credit
facility; and
|
·
|
a
first priority pledge of the Company’s ownership interests in each
subsidiary guarantor.
|
The
Company has completed a pledge of its ownership interests in the subsidiary
guarantors that own the nine Capesize vessels acquired or to be
acquired. The other collateral described above was pledged, as
required, within thirty days of the effective date of the 2007 Credit
Facility.
The
Company’s borrowings under the 2007 Credit Facility bear interest at the London
Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) for an interest period elected by the Company
of one, three, or six months, or longer if available, plus the Applicable Margin
(which is 0.90% per annum for the first five years of the 2007 Credit
Facility and 0.95% thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt
to Total Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007
Credit Facility) is less than 70%, the Applicable Margin decreases to 0.85% and
0.90%, respectively. In addition to other fees payable by the Company
in connection with the 2007 Credit Facility, the Company paid a commitment
fee at a rate of 0.20% per annum of the daily average unutilized commitment of
each lender under the facility until September 30, 2007, and 0.25%
thereafter.
The
2007 Credit Facility will be subject to ten consecutive semi-annual
reductions of 7.0% of the total amount of credit granted under the new facility,
with the first reduction occurring on the fifth anniversary of the signing date
and a balloon payment reduction of 30% on the maturity date. The
Company may prepay the 2007 Credit Facility, without penalty, with two days
notice for LIBOR rate advances, in minimum amounts of $10,000 together with
accrued interest on the amount prepaid.
The 2007
Credit Facility includes the following financial covenants which will apply to
the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis and will be measured at
the end of each fiscal quarter beginning with June 30, 2007:
·
|
The
leverage covenant requires the maximum average net debt to EBITDA to be
ratio of at least 5.5:1.0.
|
·
|
Cash
and cash equivalents must not be less than $500 per mortgaged
vessel.
|
·
|
The
ratio of EBITDA to interest expense, on a rolling last four-quarter basis,
must be no less than 2.0:1.0.
|
·
|
After
July 20, 2007, consolidated net worth must be no less than $263,300 plus
80% of the value of the any new equity issuances of the Company from June
30, 2007. Based on the equity offering completed in October
2007, requires the consolidated net worth to be no less than
$434,397.
|
F-20
·
|
The
aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessels must at all times be
at least 130% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount under the new
credit facility plus all letters of credit outstanding; the Company has a
30 day remedy period to post additional collateral or reduce the amount of
the revolving loans and/or letters of credit
outstanding.
|
Other
covenants in the 2007 Credit Facility are substantially similar to the covenants
in the Company’s previous credit facilities. As of December 31, 2007, the
Company has been in compliance with these covenants since the inception of the
facility.
The
Company can continue to pay cash dividends in accordance with its dividend
policy and certain terms of the credit agreement so long as no event of default
has occurred and is continuing and that no event of default will occur as a
result of the payment of such dividend. The 2007 Credit Facility also
establishes a basket to accrue for dividends permitted but not actually
distributed under the permitted dividend calculation since July 29,
2005. In addition to Genco’s regular quarterly dividend, Genco can
pay up to $150,000 in dividends from this basket. In addition, the 2007
Credit Facility was amended as of February 13, 2008 to permit the Company to
implement its share repurchase program, which was recently approved by its board
of directors. Under this amendment, the dollar amount of shares
repurchased is counted toward the maximum dollar amount of dividends that may be
paid in any fiscal quarter. For further details of our share
repurchase program, see Note 21 – Subsequent Events to our financial
statements.
Due to
refinancing of the Company’s previous facilities, the Company incurred a
non-cash write-off of the unamortized deferred financing cost in the amount of
$3,568 associated with the Company’s previous facilities and this charge was
reflected in interest expense.
The
following table sets forth the repayment of the outstanding debt of $936,000 at
December 31, 2007 under the 2007 Credit Facility. Upon the sale of a
mortgaged vessel, the 2007 Credit Facility requires the Company to repay a
pro-rata portion of the long-term debt upon the sale of a mortgaged
vessel. The repayment amount is calculated by dividing the value of
the mortgaged vessels being sold by the value of the entire mortgaged fleet at
time of sale and multiplying such percentage by the total expected debt
outstanding at time of sale. However the Company elected to utilize
the majority of the proceeds or $43,000 from the sale of the Genco Trader to
repay debt, and as such is reflected as the amount due in the 2008.
Period
Ending December 31,
|
Total
|
|||
2008
|
$ | 43,000 | ||
2009
|
- | |||
2010
|
- | |||
2011
|
- | |||
2012
|
- | |||
Thereafter
|
863,000 | |||
Total
long-term debt
|
$ | 936,000 | ||
Interest
rates
For the
year ended December 31, 2007, the effective interest rate associated with the
interest expense for the 2005 Credit Facility, the Short-term Line and the 2007
Credit Facility, and including the rate differential between the pay fixed
receive variable rate on the swaps that were in effect, combined, including the
cost associated with unused commitment fees with these facilities was
6.25%. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the effective interest
rate associated with the interest expense for the 2005 Credit Facility, and
including the rate differential between the pay fixed receive variable rate on
the swaps that were in effect, combined, including the cost associated with
unused commitment fees with these facilities was 6.75%. For the year
ended December 31, 2005, the effective interest rate associated with the
interest expense for the 2005 Credit Facility and the Original Credit Facility,
and including the rate differential between the pay fixed receive variable rate
on the swap that was in effect, combined, including the cost associated with
unused commitment fees with these facilities was 4.83%.
F-21
The
interest rate on the debt, excluding the unused commitment fees, ranged from
5.54% to 6.66%, from 6.14% to 6.45%, and from 3.69% to 5.26% for the years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Short-Term Line-Refinanced
by the 2007 Credit Facility
On May 3,
2007, the Company entered into a short-term line of credit facility under which
DnB NOR Bank ASA, Grand Cayman Branch and Nordea Bank Norge ASA, Grand Cayman
Branch are serving as lenders (the “Short-Term Line”). The
Short-Term Line was used to fund a portion of acquisitions we made of in the
shares of capital stock of Jinhui. Under the terms of the Short-Term
Line, we were allowed to borrow up to $155,000 for such acquisitions, and we had
borrowed a total of $77,000 under the Short-Term Line prior to its
refinancing. The term of the Short-Term Line was for 364 days, and
the interest on amounts drawn was payable at the rate of LIBOR plus a margin of
0.85% per annum for the first six month period and LIBOR plus a margin of 1.00%
for the remaining term. We were obligated to pay certain commitment
and administrative fees in connection with the Short-Term Line. The
Company, as required, pledged all of the Jinhui shares it has purchased as
collateral against the Short-Term Line. The Short-Term Line
incorporated by reference certain covenants from our 2005 Credit
Facility.
The
Short-Term Line was refinanced in July 2007 with the 2007 Credit
Facility.
2005 Credit
Facility-Refinanced by the 2007
Credit Facility
The
Company entered into the 2005 Credit Facility as of July 29,
2005. The 2005 Credit Facility was with a syndicate of commercial
lenders including Nordea Bank Finland plc, New York Branch, DnB NOR Bank ASA,
New York Branch and Citibank, N.A. The 2005 Credit Facility has been
used to refinance our indebtedness under our original credit facility entered
into on December 3, 2004 (the “Original Credit Facility”). Under the terms of
our 2005 Credit Facility, borrowings in the amount of $106,233 were used to
repay indebtedness under our Original Credit Facility and additional net
borrowings of $24,450 were obtained to fund the acquisition of the Genco
Muse. In July 2006, the Company increased the line of credit by
$100,000 and during the second and third quarters of 2006 borrowed $81,250 for
the acquisition of three vessels.
The 2005
Credit Facility had a term of ten years and would have matured on July 29, 2015.
The facility permitted borrowings up to 65% of the value of the vessels that
secure our obligations under the 2005 Credit Facility up to the facility limit,
provided that conditions to drawdown are satisfied. Certain of these conditions
required the Company, among other things, to provide to the lenders acceptable
valuations of the vessels in our fleet confirming that the aggregate amount
outstanding under the facility (determined on a pro forma basis giving effect to
the amount proposed to be drawn down) will not exceed 65% of the value of the
vessels pledged as collateral. The facility limit is reduced by an
amount equal to 8.125% of the total $550,000, commitment, semi-annually over a
period of four years and is reduced to $0 on the tenth
anniversary.
On
February 7, 2007, the Company reached an agreement with its syndicate of
commercial lenders to allow the Company to increase the amount of the 2005
Credit Facility by $100,000, for a total maximum availability of $650,000.
The Company had the option to increase the facility amount by $25,000 increments
up to the additional $100,000, so long as at least one bank within the syndicate
agrees to fund such increase. Any increase associated with this agreement
was generally governed by the existing terms of the 2005 Credit Facility,
although we and any banks providing the increase could have agreed to vary the
upfront fees, unutilized commitment fees, or other fees payable by us in
connection with the increase.
The
obligations under the 2005 Credit Facility were secured by a first-priority
mortgage on each of the vessels in our fleet as well as any future vessel
acquisitions pledged as collateral and funded by the 2005 Credit Facility. The
2005 Credit Facility was also secured by a first-priority security interest in
our earnings and insurance proceeds related to the collateral
vessels.
All of
our vessel-owning subsidiaries were full and unconditional joint and
several guarantors of our 2005 Credit Facility. Each of these subsidiaries is
wholly owned by Genco Shipping & Trading Limited. Genco Shipping
& Trading Limited has no independent assets or operations.
Interest
on the amounts drawn was payable at the rate of 0.95% per annum over LIBOR until
the fifth
F-22
anniversary
of the closing of the 2005 Credit Facility and 1.00% per annum over LIBOR
thereafter. We were also obligated to pay a commitment fee equal to 0.375% per
annum on any undrawn amounts available under the facility. On July 29, 2005, the
Company paid an arrangement fee to the lenders of $2.7 million on the original
commitment of $450,000 and an additional $600 for the $100,000 commitment
increase which equates to 0.6% of the total commitment of $550,000 as of July
12, 2006. These arrangement fees along with other costs were capitalized as
deferred financing costs.
Under the
terms of our 2005 Credit Facility, we were permitted to pay or declare dividends
in accordance with our dividend policy so long as no default or event of default
has occurred and is continuing or would result from such declaration or
payment.
The 2005
Credit Facility had certain financial covenants that require the Company, among
other things, to: ensure that the fair market value of the collateral
vessels maintains a certain multiple as compared to the outstanding
indebtedness; maintain a specified ratio of total indebtedness to total
capitalization; maintain a specified ratio of earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization to interest expense; maintain a net worth of
approximately $263,000; and maintain working capital liquidity in an amount of
not less than $500 per vessel securing the borrowings. Additionally,
there were certain non-financial covenants that required the Company, among
other things, to provide the lenders with certain legal documentation, such as
the mortgage on a newly acquired vessel using funds from the 2005 Credit
Facility, and other periodic communications with the lenders that include
certain compliance certificates at the time of borrowing and on a quarterly
basis. For the period since facility inception through retirement of
the facility, the Company was in compliance with these covenants, except for an
age covenant in conjunction with the acquisition of the Genco Commander, a 1994
vessel, for which the Company obtained a waiver for the term of the
agreement.
The 2005
Credit Facility permitted the issuance of letters of credit up to a maximum
amount of $50,000. The conditions under which letters of credit can be issued
were substantially the same as the conditions for borrowing funds under the
facility. Each letter of credit must terminate within twelve months, but can be
extended for successive periods also not exceeding twelve months. The Company
would pay a fee of 1/8 of 1% per annum on the amount of letters of credit
outstanding. At December 31, 2006, there were no letters of credit issued under
the 2005 Credit Facility.
Due to
the agreement related to the sale of the Genco Glory, the 2005 Credit Facility
required a certain portion of the debt be repaid based on a pro-rata
basis. The repayment amount is calculated by dividing the value of
the vessel being sold by the value of the entire fleet and multiplying such
percentage by the total debt outstanding. Therefore, the Company
reflected $4,322 as current portion of long-term debt as of December 31,
2006. The Company repaid $5,700 during the first quarter of 2007 to
comply with the repayment requirement from the sale of the Genco
Glory.
The 2005
Credit Facility has been refinanced with the 2007 Credit Facility.
Original Credit
Facility-Refinanced by the 2005
Credit Facility
The
Original Credit Facility, entered into on December 3, 2004, has been refinanced
by the 2005 Credit Facility. The Original Credit Facility had a five year
maturity at a rate of LIBOR plus 1.375% per year until $100 million had been
repaid and thereafter at LIBOR plus 1.250%. In the event of late principal
payments, additional interest charges would have been incurred. This facility
was retired with proceeds from the initial public offering and proceeds from our
2005 Credit Facility.
The
Company's entry into the 2005 Credit Facility in July 2005 resulted in a
write-off to interest expense of $4,103 of unamortized deferred financing costs
associated with the Original Credit Facility, in the third quarter of
2005.
Letter of
credit
In
conjunction with the Company entering into a new long-term office space lease
(See Note 16 - Lease Payments), the Company was required to provide a letter of
credit to the landlord in lieu of a security deposit. As of September 21, 2005,
the Company obtained an annually renewable unsecured letter of credit with DnB
NOR Bank. The letter of credit amount as of December 31, 2007 and
2006 was in the amount of $520 and $650, respectively, at a fee of 1% per annum.
The letter of credit is reduced to $416 on August 1, 2008 and is cancelable on
each renewal date provided the landlord is given 150 days minimum
notice.
F-23
Interest rate swap
agreements
The
Company has entered into eight interest rate swap agreements with DnB NOR Bank
to manage interest costs and the risk associated with changing interest rates.
The total notional principal amount of the swaps is $631,233 and the
swaps have specified rates and durations. The following table
summarizes the interest rate swaps in place as of December 31, 2007 and
2006:
Interest
Rate Swap Detail
|
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||
Trade
Date
|
Fixed
Rate
|
Start
Date
of Swap
|
End
date
of Swap
|
Notional
Amount Outstanding
|
Notional
Amount Outstanding
|
|||||||
9/6/05
|
4.485 | % |
9/14/05
|
7/29/15
|
$ | 106,233 | $ | 106,233 | ||||
3/29/06
|
5.25 | % |
1/2/07
|
1/1/14
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
3/24/06
|
5.075 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/2/13
|
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
9/7/07
|
4.56 | % |
10/1/07
|
12/31/09
|
75,000 | |||||||
7/31/07
|
5.115 | % |
11/30/07
|
11/30/11
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/9/07
|
5.07 | % |
1/2/08
|
1/3/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
4.985 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
50,000 | |||||||
8/16/07
|
5.04 | % |
3/31/08
|
3/31/12
|
100,000 | |||||||
$ | 631,233 | $ | 206,233 |
The
differential to be paid or received for these swap agreements are
recognized as an adjustment to interest expense as incurred. The
Company is currently utilizing cash flow hedge accounting for the swaps whereby
the effective portion of the change in value of the swaps is reflected as a
component of Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”). The ineffective
portion is recognized as income or (loss) from derivative instruments, which is
a component of other (expense) income. For any period of time that
the Company did not designate the swaps for hedge accounting, the change in the
value of the swap agreements prior to designation was recognized as income or
(loss) from derivative instruments and was listed as a component of other
(expense) income.
The
interest income (expense) pertaining to the interest rate swaps for the years
ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $1,039, $637 and ($143),
respectively.
The swap
agreements, with effective dates prior to December 31, 2007 synthetically
convert variable rate debt the fixed interest rate of swap plus the Applicable
Margin (which is 0.85% per annum for the first five years of the new credit
facility and 0.90% thereafter). If the Company’s ratio of Total Debt
to Total Capitalization (each as defined in the credit agreement for the 2007
Credit Facility) is greater than or equal to 70%, the Applicable Margin
increases to 0.90% for the first five years and 0.95% thereafter.
The
liability associated with the swaps at December 31, 2007 is $21,039 and $807 at
December 31, 2006, and are presented as the fair value of derivatives on the
balance sheet. The asset associated with the swaps at December 31,
2006 was $4,462 and there were no swaps in an asset position at December 31,
2007, and are presented as the fair value of derivatives on the balance
sheet. As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company has
accumulated OCI of ($21,068) and $3,546, respectively, related to the
effectively hedged portion of the swaps. Hedge ineffectiveness
associated with the interest rate swaps resulted in income or (loss) from
derivative instruments of ($98) for the year ended December 31,
2007. The change in value of the swaps prior to being designated
resulted in income or (loss) from derivative instruments of $108 for the year
ended December 31, 2006. At December 31, 2007, ($3,123) of OCI
is expected to be reclassified into income over the next 12 months associated
with interest rate derivatives.
During
January 2008, the Company entered into a $50,000 dollar interest rate swap at a
fixed interest rate of 2.89%, plus the Applicable Margin and is effective
February 1, 2008 and ends on February 1, 2011. The company has
elected to utilize hedge accounting for this interest rate swap.
F-24
9 – ACCUMULATED OTHER
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The
components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of net unrealized gain (loss)
from short-term investments, net gain (loss) on derivative instruments
designated and qualifying as cash-flow hedging instruments, and cumulative
translation adjustments on the short-term investment in Jinhui stock as December
31, 2007 and 2006.
Accumulated
OCI
|
Unrealized
Gain (loss) on Cash Flow Hedges
|
Unrealized
Gain on Short-term Investments
|
Currency
Translation Gain (loss) on Short-term Investments
|
|||||||||||||
OCI
– January 1, 2006
|
$ | 2,325 | $ | 2,325 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Unrealized
gain on cash flow hedges
|
1,858 | 1,858 | ||||||||||||||
Interest
income reclassed to (loss) income from derivative
instruments
|
(637 | ) | (637 | ) | ||||||||||||
OCI
– December 31, 2006
|
3,546 | 3,546 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Unrealized
gain on short-term investments
|
38,540 | 38,540 | - | |||||||||||||
Translation
gain on short-term investments
|
11,705 | 11,705 | ||||||||||||||
Translation
gain reclassed to (loss) income from derivative
instruments
|
(10,160 | ) | (10,160 | ) | ||||||||||||
Unrealized
loss on cash flow hedges
|
(23,575 | ) | (23,575 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest
income reclassed to (loss) income from derivative
instruments
|
(1,039 | ) | (1,039 | ) | ||||||||||||
OCI
– December 31, 2007
|
$ | 19,017 | $ | (21,068 | ) | $ | 38,540 | $ | 1,545 |
10 - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS
The
estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as
follows:
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||||||||||
Carrying
Value
|
Fair
Value
|
Carrying
Value
|
Fair
Value
|
|||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$ | 71,496 | $ | 71,496 | $ | 73,554 | $ | 73,554 | ||||||||
Short-term
investments
|
167,524 | 167,524 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Floating
rate debt
|
936,000 | 936,000 | 211,933 | 211,933 | ||||||||||||
Derivative
instruments – asset position
|
- | - | 4,462 | 4,462 | ||||||||||||
Derivative
instruments – liability position
|
22,487 | 22,487 | 807 | 807 | ||||||||||||
The fair
value of the short-term investments is based on quoted market
rates. The fair value of the revolving credit facility is estimated
based on current rates offered to the Company for similar debt of the same
remaining maturities and additionally, the Company considers its
creditworthiness in determining the fair value of the revolving credit
facility. The carrying value approximates the fair market value for
the floating rate loans. The fair value of the interest rate and
currency swaps (used for purposes other than trading) is the estimated amount
the Company would receive to terminate the swap agreements at the reporting
date, taking into account current interest rates and the creditworthiness of the
swap counterparty.
The
Company elected to early adopt SFAS No. 157 beginning in its 2007 fiscal year
and there was no material impact to its first quarter financial
statements. SFAS No. 157 applies to all assets and liabilities that
are being measured and reported on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 157 requires new
disclosure that establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and
expands disclosure about fair value measurements. This statement
enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to
develop those measurements by establishing a hierarchy for ranking
the
F-25
quality
and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The statement
requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified
and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1:
Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or
liabilities.
Level 2:
Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by
market data.
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
The
following table summarizes the valuation of our short-term investments and
financial instruments by the above SFAS No. 157 pricing levels as of the
valuation dates listed:
December
31, 2007
|
||||||||||||
Total
|
Quoted
market prices in active markets (Level 1)
|
Significant
Other Observable Inputs
(Level
2)
|
||||||||||
Short-term
investments
|
$ | 167,524 | $ | 167,524 | ||||||||
Derivative
instruments – liability position
|
22,487 | 22,487 | ||||||||||
The
Company holds an investment in the capital stock of Jinhui, which is classified
as a short-term investment. The stock of Jinhui is publicly traded on
the Norwegian stock exchange and is considered a Level 1 item. The
Company’s derivative instruments are pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate
swaps based on LIBOR swap rate. The LIBOR swap rate is observable at
commonly quoted intervals for the full term of the swaps and therefore is
considered a level 2 item. In addition, the Company’s derivative
instruments include a forward currency contract based on the Norwegian Kroner,
which is observable at commonly quoted intervals for the full term of the swaps
and therefore is considered a Level 2 item. SFAS No. 157 states that
the fair value measurement of a liability must reflect the nonperformance risk
of the entity. Therefore, the impact of the Company’s creditworthiness has also
been factored into the fair value measurement of the derivative instruments in a
liability position.
11 - PREPAID EXPENSES AND
OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
|
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets consist of the following:
|
December
31,
2007
|
December 31,
2006
|
||||||
Lubricant
inventory and other stores
|
$ | 2,720 | $ | 1,671 | |||
Prepaid
items
|
1,769 | 820 | |||||
Insurance
Receivable
|
1,331 | 783 | |||||
Other
|
3,554 | 1,369 | |||||
Total
|
$ | 9,374 | $ | 4,643 |
12 – OTHER ASSETS,
NET
Other
assets consist of the following:
(i)
Deferred financing costs which include fees, commissions and legal expenses
associated with securing loan facilities. These costs are amortized over the
life of the related debt, which is included in interest expense. The Company has
unamortized deferred financing costs of $6,130 at December 31, 2007 associated
with the 2007 Credit Facility and $3,794 at December 31, 2006 for the 2005
Credit Facility. Accumulated amortization of deferred financing costs as of
December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 was $288 and $467,
respectively. During July 2007, the Company refinanced its previous
facilities (the Short-Term Line and the 2005 Credit Facility) resulting in the
non-cash write-off of the unamortized deferred financing cost of $3,568 to
interest expense. In July 2005, the
F-26
Company
entered into the 2005 Credit Facility, which resulted in a write-off of $4,103
of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the Original Credit
Facility. The Company has incurred deferred financing costs of $6,418
in total for the 2007 Credit Facility. Amortization expense for
deferred financing costs, including the write-off any unamortized costs upon
refinancing credit facilities for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005 was $4,128, $341, and $4,611, respectively.
(ii)
Value of time charter acquired which represents the value assigned to the time
charter acquired with the Genco Muse in October 2005. The value
assigned to the time charter was $3,492. This intangible asset was
amortized as a reduction of revenue over the minimum life of the time
charter. The amount amortized for this intangible asset was $1,244,
$1,850 and $398 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005,
respectively. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, $0 and $1,244, remained
unamortized.
13 - FIXED
ASSETS
|
Fixed
assets consist of the following:
|
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||
Fixed
assets:
|
||||||||
Vessel
equipment
|
$ | 826 | $ | 533 | ||||
Leasehold
improvements
|
1,146 | 1,146 | ||||||
Furniture
and fixtures
|
347 | 210 | ||||||
Computer
equipment
|
342 | 336 | ||||||
Total
cost
|
2,661 | 2,225 | ||||||
Less:
accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
722 | 348 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,939 | $ | 1,877 | ||||
14 - ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND
ACCRUED EXPENSES
|
Accounts
payable and accrued expenses consist of the following:
|
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$ | 4,164 | $ | 1,885 | ||||
Accrued
general and administrative
|
9,108 | 2,936 | ||||||
Accrued
vessel operating expenses
|
4,242 | 2,963 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 17,514 | $ | 7,784 |
15 - REVENUE FROM TIME
CHARTERS
Total
revenue earned on time charters for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005 was 185,387, $133,232, and $116,906 respectively. Included in revenues for
the year ended December 31, 2007, is $400 received from loss of hire insurance
associated with the Genco Trader’s unscheduled off-hire due to repairs and
maintenance in the first half of 2007. The Company expects to receive
an additional $176 during 2008 in loss of hire insurance proceeds associated
with this unscheduled off-hire. Future minimum time charter
revenue, based on vessels committed to noncancelable time charter contracts as
of February 26, 2008 will be $287,021 during 2008, $213,668 during 2009,
$124,759 during 2010, $32,723 during 2011, and $11,830 for 2012, assuming 20
days of off-hire due to any scheduled drydocking and no additional off-hire time
is incurred. Future minimum revenue excludes the future acquisitions
of the remaining four Capesize vessels to be delivered to Genco in the future,
since estimated delivery dates are not firm.
F-27
16 - LEASE
PAYMENTS
In
September 2005, the Company entered into a 15-year lease for office space in New
York, New York. The monthly rental is as follows: Free
rent from September 1, 2005 to July 31, 2006, $40 per month from August 1, 2006
to August 31, 2010, $43 per month from September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2015, and
$46 per month from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2020. The Company
obtained a tenant work credit of $324. The monthly straight-line
rental expense from September 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 is $39. As a
result of the straight-line rent calculation generated by the free rent period
and the tenant work credit, the Company has a deferred rent credit at December
31, 2007 and 2006 of $725 and $743, respectively. The Company has the
option to extend the lease for a period of five years from September 1, 2020 to
August 31, 2025. The rent for the renewal period will be based on
prevailing market rate for the six months prior to the commencement date of the
extension term. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005 was $468, $472, and $598, respectively.
Future
minimum rental payments on the above lease for the next five years and
thereafter are as follows: $486 per year for 2008 through 2009, $496 for 2010,
$518, for 2011 through 2012 and a total of $4,132 for the remaining term of the
lease.
17 - SAVINGS
PLAN
In August
2005, the Company established a 401(k) plan which is available to full-time
employees who meet the plan’s eligibility requirements. This 401(k)
plan is a defined contribution plan, which permits employees to make
contributions up to maximum percentage and dollar limits allowable by IRS Code
Sections 401(k), 402(g), 404 and 415 with the Company matching up to the first
six percent of each employee’s salary on a dollar-for-dollar
basis. The matching contribution vests immediately. For
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company’s matching
contributions to this plan were $127, $94 and $22, respectively.
18- NONVESTED STOCK
AWARDS
On July
12, 2005, the Company’s board of directors approved the Genco Shipping and
Trading Limited 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). Under this
plan the Company’s board of directors, the compensation committee, or another
designated committee of the board of directors may grant a variety of
stock-based incentive awards to employees, directors and consultants whom the
compensation committee (or other committee or the board of directors) believes
are key to the Company’s success. Awards may consist of incentive
stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend
equivalent rights, nonvested stock, unrestricted stock and performance
shares. The aggregate number of shares of common stock available for
award under the Plan is 2,000,000 shares.
On
October 31, 2005, the Company made grants of nonvested common stock under the
Plan in the amount of 111,412 shares to the executive officers and employees and
7,200 shares to directors of the Company. The executive and employee
grants vest ratably on each of the four anniversaries of the date of the
Company’s initial public offering (July 22, 2005). On July 22, 2007
and 2006, 26,478 and 27,853 shares, respectively, of the employees’ nonvested
stock vested, and during the year ended December 31, 2007 and the year ended
December 31, 2006, 3,375 and 750 shares, respectively, were
forfeited. Grants to the directors vested in full on May 18, 2006,
the date of the Company’s annual shareholders’ meeting. Upon grant of
the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned compensation equivalent to the market
value at the date of the grant, or $1,949, was recorded as a component of
shareholders’ equity. After forfeitures, the unamortized portion of
this award at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $250 and $653,
respectively. Amortization of this charge, which is included in
general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005 was $347, $1,025 and $260, respectively. The remaining
expense for the years ended 2008, and 2009 will be $190 and $60,
respectively.
On
December 21, 2005, the Company made grants of nonvested common stock under the
Plan in the amount of 55,600 shares to the executive officers and employees of
the Company. Theses grants vest ratably on each of the four
anniversaries of the determined vesting date beginning with November 15,
2006. During the year ended December 31, 2007and 2006, 13,338 and
13,900 shares, respectively, of the employees’ nonvested stock vested and during
the year ended December 31, 2007 1,687 shares were forfeited. Upon
grant of the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned compensation equivalent to
the market value at the date of the grant, or $991, was recorded as a component
of shareholders’ equity. After forfeitures, the unamortized portion
of this award at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $181
F-28
and $441,
respectively. Amortization of this charge, which is included in
general and administrative expenses, for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005 was $230, $533 and $17, respectively. The remaining expense for the
years ended 2008 and 2009 will be $129 and $52, respectively.
On
December 20, 2006 and December 22, 2006, the Company made grants of nonvested
common stock under the Plan in the amount of 37,000 shares to employees other
than executive officers and 35,000 shares to the executive officers,
respectively. Theses grants vest ratably on each of the four
anniversaries of the determined vesting date beginning with November 15,
2007. During the year ended December 31, 2007, 17,500 shares of the
employees’ nonvested stock vested and during the year ended December 31, 2007
2,000 shares were forfeited. Upon grant of the nonvested stock, an
amount of unearned compensation equivalent to the market value at the respective
date of the grants, or $2,018, was recorded as a component of shareholders’
equity. After forfeitures, the unamortized portion of this award at
December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $873 and $1,986,
respectively. Amortization of this charge, which is included in
general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005, was $1,056, $32 and $0, respectively. The remaining expense for the
years ended 2008, 2009 and 2010 will be $501, $265 and $107,
respectively.
On
February 8, 2007, the Company made grants of nonvested common stock under the
Plan in the amount of 9,000 shares to employees and 7,200 shares to directors of
the Company. The employee grants vest ratably on each of the four
anniversaries of the determined vesting date beginning with November 15,
2007. During the year ended December 31, 2007, 2,250 shares of the
employees’ nonvested stock vested Grants to the directors
vested in full on May 16, 2007, the date of the Company’s annual shareholders’
meeting. Upon grant of the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned
compensation equivalent to the market value at the date of the grants, or $494,
was recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. The unamortized
portion of this award at December 31, 2007 was $133. Amortization of
this charge, which is included in general and administrative expenses for the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, was, $361, $0, and $0,
respectively. The remaining expense for the years ending 2008, 2009,
and 2010 will be $32, $77, $40 and $16, respectively.
On
December 21, 2007, the Company made grants of nonvested common stock under the
Plan in the amount of 93,000 shares to the executive officers and the employees
of the Company. These grants vest ratably on each of the four
anniversaries of the determined vesting date beginning with November 15,
2008. Upon grant of the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned
compensation equivalent to the market value at the date of the grants, or
$4,935, was recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. The
unamortized portion of this award at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $4,852 and
$0, respectively. Amortization of this charge, which is included in
general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and 2005, was, $83, $0, and $0, respectively. The remaining expense
for the years ending 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 will be $2,585, $1,305, $686 and
$276, respectively.
The table
below summarizes the Company’s nonvested stock awards as of December 31,
2007:
Number
of Shares
|
Weighted
Average Grant Date Price
|
|||||||
Outstanding
at January 1, 2007
|
196,509 | $ | 20.97 | |||||
Granted
|
109,200 | 49.72 | ||||||
Vested
|
(66,766 | ) | 21.74 | |||||
Forfeited
|
(7,062 | ) | 20.03 | |||||
Outstanding
at December 31, 2007
|
231,881 | $ | 34.32 |
The
fair value of nonvested stock at the grant date is equal to the closing
stock price on that date. The Company is amortizing these
grants over the applicable vesting periods. As of December 31,
2007, unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock will be
recognized over a weighted average period of 2.86 years. The
weighted average grant-date fair value of nonvested stock granted during
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is $49.72, $28.02 and
$16.88, respectively.
|
F-29
19 - LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
From time
to time the Company may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the
ordinary course of its business, principally personal injury and property
casualty claims. Such claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the
expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. The Company is
not aware of any legal proceedings or claims that it believes will have,
individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company, its
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
20 – UNAUDITED QUARTERLY
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
In the
opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments, consisting of normal
recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation have been
included on a quarterly basis.
2007 Quarter Ended
|
2006 Quarter Ended
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mar
31
|
Jun
30
|
Sept
30
|
Dec.
31
|
Mar
31
|
Jun
30
|
Sept
30
|
Dec.
31
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ | 37,220 | $ | 36,847 | $ | 45,630 | $ | 65,690 | $ | 32,572 | $ | 32,303 | $ | 32,642 | $ | 35,715 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating
income
|
22,261 | 18,507 | 25,107 | 65,195 | 17,696 | 17,346 | 16,740 | 18,538 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
income
|
19,837 | 13,721 | 16,320 | 56,931 | 16,578 | 17,522 | 12,904 | 16,518 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings
per share - Basic
|
$ | 0.78 | $ | 0.54 | $ | 0.64 | $ | 1.99 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.65 | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings
per share - Diluted
|
$ | 0.78 | $ | 0.54 | $ | 0.64 | $ | 1.98 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.69 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.65 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends
declared and paid per share
|
$ | 0.66 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.60 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Basic
|
25,309 | 25,313 | 25,337 | 28,676 | 25,260 | 25,263 | 25,289 | 25,302 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding - Diluted
|
25,421 | 25,456 | 25,482 | 28,826 | 25,304 | 25,337 | 25,372 | 25,391 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 - SUBSEQUENT
EVENTS
On
January 2, 2008, the Company took delivery of the Genco Champion, a 2006-built
Handysize vessel. The Genco Champion is the final vessel to be
delivered to the Company under Genco's previously announced agreements on August
14, 2007 to acquire six drybulk vessels from affiliates of Evalend Shipping Co.
S.A. The Company borrowed $41,850 from the 2007 Credit Facility to
complete this acquisition.
On
January 10, 2008, the Board of Directors approved a grant of 100,000 nonvested
common stock to Peter Georgiopoulos, Chairman of the Board, this grant vests
ratably on each of the ten anniversaries of the determined vesting date
beginning with November 15, 2008. After this grant to the Chairman,
Peter Georgiopoulos owns approximately 12.70% of the Company. Upon
grant of the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned compensation equivalent to
the market value at the date of the grant, or $4,191 was recorded as a component
of shareholders' equity. Amortization of this charge which will be included in
general and administrative expenses in 2008 through 2017.
On
January 22, 2008, the Company entered into a $50,000 dollar interest rate swap
at a fixed interest rate of 2.89%, plus the Applicable Margin and is effective
February 1, 2008 and ends on February 1, 2011. The company has
elected to utilize hedge accounting for this interest rate swap.
During
the first quarter of 2008, the Company purchased an additional 895,300 shares of
Jinhui, the Company’s now owns 16.3 million shares or approximately 19.4% of
Jinhui at a total cost of $125,866.
On
February 13, 2008, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.85 per share
to be paid on or about
F-30
March 7,
2008 to shareholders of record as of February 29, 2008. The aggregate
amount of the dividend is expected to be $24,717, which the Company anticipates
will be funded from cash on hand at the time payment is to be made.
On
February 13, 2008, our board of directors also approved a share repurchase
program for up to a total of $50,000 of the Company's common
stock. The board will review the program after 12
months. Share repurchases will be made from time to time for cash in
open market transactions at prevailing market prices or in privately negotiated
transactions. The timing and amount of purchases under the program will be
determined by management based upon market conditions and other
factors. Purchases may be made pursuant to a program adopted under
Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act. The program does not require the
Company to purchase any specific number or amount of shares and may be suspended
or reinstated at any time in the Company's discretion and without notice.
Repurchases will be subject to restrictions under the 2007 Credit
Facility. The 2007 Credit Facility was amended as of February 13,
2008 to permit the share repurchase program and provide that the dollar amount
of shares repurchased is counted toward the maximum dollar amount of dividends
that may be paid in any fiscal quarter.
On
February 13, 2008, the Company made grants of nonvested common stock under the
Plan in the amount of 12,500 shares to directors of the Company. The
grants to directors vest in full on the earlier of the first anniversary of the
grant date or the date of the next annual shareholders meeting of the Company.
Upon grant of the nonvested stock, an amount of unearned compensation equivalent
to the market value at the date of the grant, or $689 will be recorded as a
component of shareholders' equity. Amortization of this charge is
expected to be included in general and administrative expenses during
2008.
On
February 21, 2008, the Company completed the acquisition of the Genco
Constantine, a 2008 built Capesize vessel. The Genco Constantine is
the fifth of the Capesize vessels to be delivered from the acquisition from
companies within the Metrostar Management Corporation group. The Company
borrowed $109,650 from the 2007 Credit facility to complete this
acquisition. The remaining four Capesize vessels from the Metrostar
acquisition are expected to be built, and subsequently delivered to Genco,
between the fourth quarter of 2008 and the third quarter of 2009.
On
February 26, 2008, the Company completed the sale of the Genco Trader, a
1990-built Panamax vessel, to SW Shipping Co., Ltd for $44,000 less a 2%
brokerage commission payable to a third party. The Company expects the realized
net gain to approximate $26,200 from this sale. At December 31, 2007,
the Genco Trader was classified under vessels held for
sale. Additionally, under the 2007 Credit Facility, the Company is
required to repay a portion of the proceeds from the sale of mortgaged property,
however the Company has repaid, $43,000 which represents substantially all the
proceeds received from the sale. At December 31, 2007, the Company reflected the
$43,000 as current portion of long-term debt.
F-31
ITEM
9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
No
changes were made to, nor was there any disagreement with the Company's
independent registered public accounting firm regarding, the Company's
accounting or financial disclosure.
ITEM
9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
EVALUATION
OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the
supervision and with the participation of our management, including our
President and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of
the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to
Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period
covered by this Report. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief
Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are
effective in timely alerting them at a reasonable assurance level to material
information required to be included in our periodic Securities and Exchange
Commission filings.
INTERNAL
CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
MANAGEMENT
REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our
management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal
control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting
is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles.
Our
internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that:
|
• pertain to the maintenance of
records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the
transactions and dispositions of our
assets;
|
|
|
|
• provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being
made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and
directors; and
|
|
|
|
• provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have
a material effect on the financial
statements.
|
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
ineffective because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our
management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, management used
the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on
our assessment and those criteria, our management believes that we maintained
effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.
CHANGES
IN INTERNAL CONTROLS
There
have been no changes in our internal controls or over financial reporting that
occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter (the fourth fiscal quarter) that
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our
internal control over financial reporting.
68
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Genco
Shipping & Trading Limited
New York,
New York
We have
audited the internal control over financial reporting of Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2007, based
on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The
Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control
over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management Report
on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on
our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether
effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness
of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or
under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal
financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the
company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting,
including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of
controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or
detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the
effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or
procedures may deteriorate.
In our
opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria
established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and
for the year ended December 31, 2007 of the Company and our report dated
February 29, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial
statements.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York,
New York
February
29, 2008
69
ITEM
9B. OTHER
INFORMATION
Not
applicable.
70
PART
III
ITEM
10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information
regarding our directors and executive officers is set forth in our Proxy
Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after December 31,
2007 (the “2008 Proxy Statement”) under the headings “Election of Directors” and
“Management” and is incorporated by reference herein. Information relating
to our Code of Conduct and Ethics and to compliance with Section 16(a) of the
1934 Act is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Corporate
Governance” and is incorporated by reference herein.
We intend
to satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding
amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of the Code of Ethics for Chief
Executive and Senior Financial Officers by posting such information on our
website, www.gencoshipping.com.
ITEM
11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information
regarding compensation of our executive officers and information with respect to
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation in compensation
decisions is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the headings
“Management” and “Compensation Committee’s Report on Executive Compensation” and
is incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM
12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information
regarding the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by certain
persons is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and is incorporated by
reference herein.
ITEM
13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Information
regarding certain of our transactions is set forth in the 2008 Proxy Statement
under the heading “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and is
incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM
14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information
regarding our accountant fees and services is set forth in the 2008 Proxy
Statement under the heading “Ratification of Appointment of Independent
Auditors” and is incorporated by reference herein.
PART
IV
ITEM
15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The
following documents are filed as a part of this report:
1.
|
The
financial statements listed in the “Index to Consolidated Financial
Statements”
|
|
2.
|
Exhibits:
|
|
3.1
|
Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited (1)
|
|
3.2
|
Articles
of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited as adopted July 21, 2005
(2)
|
71
3.3
|
Articles
of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited as adopted May 18, 2006 (3)
|
|
3.4
|
Certificate
of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock (4)
|
|
3.5
|
Amended
and Restated By-Laws of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, dated as of
April 9, 2007 (4)
|
|
4.1
|
Form
of Share Certificate of the Company (5)
|
|
4.2
|
Shareholder
Rights Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2007, between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Mellon Investor Services LLC, as Rights Agent
(4)
|
|
10.1
|
Registration
Rights Agreement (5)
|
|
10.2
|
2005
Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective December 31, 2005
(6)
|
|
10.3
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Explorer Limited
(1)
|
|
10.4
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Pioneer Limited
(1)
|
|
10.5
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Progress Limited
(1)
|
|
10.6
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Reliance Limited
(1)
|
|
10.7
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Sugar Limited
(1)
|
|
10.8
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated October 31, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (7)
|
|
10.9
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated October 31, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (7)
|
|
10.10
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (7)
|
|
10.17
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (7)
|
|
10.18
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 22, 2006 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (8)
|
|
10.19
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 22, 2006 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (8)
|
|
10.20
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2007 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (*)
|
|
10.21
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2007 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (*)
|
|
10.22
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated January 10, 2008 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Peter C. Georgiopoulos (*)
|
|
10.23
|
Form
of Director Restricted Stock Grant Agreement dated as of February 13, 2008
(*)
|
72
10.24
|
Master
Agreement by and between Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
Metrostar Management Corporation (9)
|
|
10.25
|
Form
of Memorandum of Agreement dated as of August 8, 2007 by and
between Subsidiaries of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
affiliates of Evalend Shipping Co. S.A. (10)
|
|
10.26
|
Credit
Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2007, among Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited, Various Lenders, DnB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as
Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and DnB NOR Bank ASA, New York
Branch, as Mandated Lead Arranger and Bookrunner (11)
|
|
10.27
|
Pledge
and Security Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2007, by Genco Augustus
Limited, Genco Claudius Limited, Genco Commodus Limited, Genco Constantine
Limited, Genco Hadrian Limited, Genco London Limited, Genco Maximus
Limited, Genco Tiberius Limited and Genco Titus Limited, as pledgors, to
DnB NOR Bank, ASA, New York Branch, as Collateral Agent, for the benefit
of the Secured Creditors and Nordea Bank Finland PLC, New York Branch, as
Deposit Account Bank (11)
|
|
10.28
|
Guaranty,
dated as of July 20, 2007, by Genco Augustus Limited, Genco Claudius
Limited, Genco Commodus Limited, Genco Constantine Limited, Genco Hadrian
Limited, Genco London Limited, Genco Maximus Limited, Genco Tiberius
Limited and Genco Titus Limited, as guarantors, for the benefit of the
Secured Creditors (11)
|
|
10.29
|
Amendment
and Supplement No. 1 to Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of
September 21, 2007, among Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, the
lenders party thereto, and DNB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as
Administrative Agent. (12)
|
|
10.30
|
Amendment
and Supplement No. 2 to Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of
February 13, 2008, among Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, the lenders
party thereto, and DNB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as Administrative
Agent (*)
|
|
10.31
|
Letter
Agreement, dated September 21, 2007, between Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited and John C. Wobensmith. (12)
|
|
14.1
|
Code
of Ethics (*)
|
|
21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited (*)
|
|
23.1
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (*)
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
of President pursuant to Rule 13(a) - 14(a) and 15(d) - 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (*)
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a) - 14(a) and 15(d) -
14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(*)
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
of President pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (*)
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
(*)
|
(*)
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
(1)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 6, 2005.
|
|
(2)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 21, 2005.
|
|
(3)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18,
2006.
|
73
(4)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 9,
2007.
|
|
(5)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 18, 2005.
|
|
(6)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4,
2005.
|
|
(7)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Annual Report on
Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February
27, 2006.
|
|
(8)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Annual Report on
Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February
9, 2007.
|
|
(9)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18,
2007.
|
|
(10)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form
10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 9,
2007.
|
|
(11)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26,
2007.
|
|
(12)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2007.
|
74
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on February 29, 2008.
GENCO
SHIPPING & TRADING LIMITED
|
|||
By:
|
/s/ Robert Gerald
Buchanan
|
||
Name:
Robert Gerald Buchanan
|
|||
Title:
President and Principal Executive Officer
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has
been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacity and on February 29, 2008.
SIGNATURE
|
TITLE
|
||
/s/
Robert Gerald Buchanan
|
PRESIDENT
|
||
Robert
Gerald Buchanan
|
(PRINCIPAL
EXECUTIVE OFFICER)
|
||
/s/
John C. Wobensmith
|
CHIEF
FINANCIAL OFFICER, SECRETARY AND TREASURER
|
||
John C. Wobensmith
|
(PRINCIPAL
FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER)
|
||
/s/
Peter C. Georgiopoulos
|
CHAIRMAN
OF THE BOARD AND DIRECTOR
|
||
Peter C. Georgiopoulos
|
|||
/s/
Stephen A. Kaplan
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Stephen
A. Kaplan
|
|||
/s/
Nathaniel C. A. Kramer
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Nathaniel
C. A. Kramer
|
|||
/s/
Harry A. Perrin
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Harry
A. Perrin
|
|||
/s/
Mark F. Polzin
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Mark
F. Polzin
|
|||
/s/
Robert C. North
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Rear
Admiral Robert C. North, USCG (ret.)
|
|||
/s/
Basil G. Mavroleon
|
DIRECTOR
|
||
Basil
G. Mavroleon
|
75
EXHIBIT
INDEX
Exhibit Document
3.1
|
Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited (1)
|
|
3.2
|
Articles
of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited as adopted July 21, 2005 (2)
|
|
3.3
|
Articles
of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited as adopted May 18, 2006 (3)
|
|
3.4
|
Certificate
of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock (4)
|
|
3.5
|
Amended
and Restated By-Laws of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, dated as of
April 9, 2007 (4)
|
|
4.1
|
Form
of Share Certificate of the Company (5)
|
|
4.2
|
Shareholder
Rights Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2007, between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Mellon Investor Services LLC, as Rights Agent
(4)
|
|
10.1
|
Registration
Rights Agreement (5)
|
|
10.2
|
2005
Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective December 31, 2005
(6)
|
|
10.3
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Explorer Limited
(1)
|
|
10.4
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Pioneer Limited
(1)
|
|
10.5
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Progress Limited
(1)
|
|
10.6
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Reliance Limited
(1)
|
|
10.7
|
Time
Charter Party Between Lauritzen Bulkers A/S and Genco Sugar Limited
(1)
|
|
10.8
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated October 31, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (7)
|
|
10.9
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated October 31, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (7)
|
|
10.10
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (7)
|
|
10.17
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2005 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (7)
|
|
10.18
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 22, 2006 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan (8)
|
|
10.19
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 22, 2006 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (8)
|
|
10.20
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2007 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Robert Gerald Buchanan
(*)
|
76
10.21
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated December 21, 2007 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and John C. Wobensmith (*)
|
|
10.22
|
Restricted
Stock Grant Agreement dated January 10, 2008 between Genco Shipping &
Trading Limited and Peter C. Georgiopoulos (*)
|
|
10.23
|
Form
of Director Restricted Stock Grant Agreement dated as of February 13, 2008
(*)
|
|
10.24
|
Master
Agreement by and between Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
Metrostar Management Corporation (9)
|
|
10.25
|
Form
of Memorandum of Agreement dated as of August 8, 2007 by and
between Subsidiaries of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited and
affiliates of Evalend Shipping Co. S.A. (10)
|
|
10.26
|
Credit
Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2007, among Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited, Various Lenders, DnB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as
Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and DnB NOR Bank ASA, New York
Branch, as Mandated Lead Arranger and Bookrunner (11)
|
|
10.27
|
Pledge
and Security Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2007, by Genco Augustus
Limited, Genco Claudius Limited, Genco Commodus Limited, Genco Constantine
Limited, Genco Hadrian Limited, Genco London Limited, Genco Maximus
Limited, Genco Tiberius Limited and Genco Titus Limited, as pledgors, to
DnB NOR Bank, ASA, New York Branch, as Collateral Agent, for the benefit
of the Secured Creditors and Nordea Bank Finland PLC, New York Branch, as
Deposit Account Bank (11)
|
|
10.28
|
Guaranty,
dated as of July 20, 2007, by Genco Augustus Limited, Genco Claudius
Limited, Genco Commodus Limited, Genco Constantine Limited, Genco Hadrian
Limited, Genco London Limited, Genco Maximus Limited, Genco Tiberius
Limited and Genco Titus Limited, as guarantors, for the benefit of the
Secured Creditors (11)
|
|
10.29
|
Amendment
and Supplement No. 1 to Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of
September 21, 2007, among Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, the
lenders party thereto, and DNB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as
Administrative Agent. (12)
|
|
10.30
|
Amendment
and Supplement No. 2 to Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of
February 13, 2008, among Genco Shipping & Trading Limited, the lenders
party thereto, and DNB NOR Bank ASA, New York Branch, as Administrative
Agent (*)
|
|
10.31
|
Letter
Agreement, dated September 21, 2007, between Genco Shipping & Trading
Limited and John C. Wobensmith. (12)
|
|
14.1
|
Code
of Ethics (*)
|
|
21.1
|
Subsidiaries
of Genco Shipping & Trading Limited (*)
|
|
23.1
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (*)
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
of President pursuant to Rule 13(a) - 14(a) and 15(d) - 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (*)
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13(a) - 14(a) and 15(d) -
14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(*)
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
of President pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (*)
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
(*)
|
77
(*)
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
(1)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 6, 2005.
|
|
(2)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 21, 2005.
|
|
(3)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18,
2006.
|
|
(4)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 9,
2007.
|
|
(5)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Registration
Statement on Form S-1/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on July 18, 2005.
|
|
(6)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 4,
2005.
|
|
(7)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Annual Report on
Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February
27, 2006.
|
|
(8)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Annual Report on
Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February
9, 2007.
|
|
(9)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18,
2007.
|
|
(10)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form
10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 9,
2007.
|
|
(11)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26,
2007.
|
|
(12)
|
Incorporated
by reference to Genco Shipping & Trading Limited's Report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2007.
|
78