GENWORTH FINANCIAL INC - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from

Commission file number 001-32195

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		80-0873306
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

6620 West Broad Street Richmond, Virginia		23230
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(804) 281-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value $.001 per share	GNW	New York Stock Exchange

As of April 26, 2022, 510,505,341 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, were outstanding.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS


	Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3

Item 1. Financial Statements		3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)		5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)		6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (Unaudited)		7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		65

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		125

Item 4. Controls and Procedures		125

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION		126

Item 1. Legal Proceedings		126

Item 1A. Risk Factors		126

Item 6. Exhibits		127

Signatures		128

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in millions, except par value and share amounts)


	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $52,280 and $52,611 and allowance for credit losses of $— as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021)	$	55,027		$	60,480
Equity securities, at fair value		230			198
Commercial mortgage loans (net of unamortized balance of loan origination fees and costs of $4 as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021)		6,938			6,856
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(25	)		(26	)

Commercial mortgage loans, net		6,913			6,830
Policy loans		2,028			2,050
Limited partnerships		2,007			1,900
Other invested assets		671			820

Total investments		66,876			72,278
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		1,291			1,571
Accrued investment income		696			647
Deferred acquisition costs		1,310			1,146
Intangible assets		159			143
Reinsurance recoverable		16,821			16,868
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(57	)		(55	)

Reinsurance recoverable, net		16,764			16,813
Other assets		440			388
Deferred tax asset		421			119
Separate account assets		5,530			6,066

Total assets	$	93,487		$	99,171

Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits	$	38,897		$	41,528
Policyholder account balances		18,197			19,354
Liability for policy and contract claims		11,833			11,841
Unearned premiums		639			672
Other liabilities		1,416			1,511
Long-term borrowings		1,819			1,899
Separate account liabilities		5,530			6,066
Liabilities related to discontinued operations		4			34

Total liabilities		78,335			82,905

Commitments and contingencies

Equity:
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1.5 billion shares authorized; 598 million and 596 million shares issued as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively; 510 million and 508 million shares outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		11,857			11,858
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		2,610			3,861
Retained earnings		2,639			2,490
Treasury stock, at cost (88 million shares as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021)		(2,700	)		(2,700	)

Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		14,407			15,510
Noncontrolling interests		745			756

Total equity		15,152			16,266

Total liabilities and equity	$	93,487		$	99,171

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	931		$	968
Net investment income		764			801
Net investment gains (losses)		28			33
Policy fees and other income		169			183

Total revenues		1,892			1,985

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		1,139			1,218
Interest credited		125			131
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		271			275
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		92			77
Interest expense		26			51

Total benefits and expenses		1,653			1,752

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		239			233
Provision for income taxes		58			59

Income from continuing operations		181			174
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2	)		21

Net income		179			195
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—
Less: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			8

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	151		$	174
Income (loss) from discontinued operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		(2	)		13

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.30		$	0.35

Diluted	$	0.29		$	0.34

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.29		$	0.37

Diluted	$	0.29		$	0.37

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		508.3			506.0

Diluted		517.4			513.8

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Amounts in millions)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022			2021
Net income	$	179		$	195

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities without an allowance for credit losses		(1,051	)		(322	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities with an allowance for credit losses		—			2
Derivatives qualifying as hedges		(236	)		(419	)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments		(5	)		136

Total other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,292	)		(603	)

Total comprehensive loss		(1,113	)		(408	)
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(11	)		155

Total comprehensive loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(1,102	)	$	(563	)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in millions)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31, 2022
														Total
														Genworth
						Accumulated								Financial,
			Additional			other					Treasury			Inc.’s
	Common		paid-in			comprehensive			Retained		stock, at			stockholders’			Noncontrolling			Total
	stock		capital			income (loss)			earnings		cost			equity			interests			equity
Balances as of December 31, 2021	$	1	$	11,858		$	3,861		$	2,490	$	(2,700	)	$	15,510		$	756		$	16,266
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income		—		—			—			149		—			149			30			179
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—		—			(1,251	)		—		—			(1,251	)		(41	)		(1,292	)

Total comprehensive loss															(1,102	)		(11	)		(1,113	)
Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other		—		(1	)		—			—		—			(1	)		—			(1	)

Balances as of March 31, 2022	$	1	$	11,857		$	2,610		$	2,639	$	(2,700	)	$	14,407		$	745		$	15,152


	Three months ended March 31, 2021
														Total
														Genworth
						Accumulated								Financial,
			Additional			other					Treasury			Inc.’s
	Common		paid-in			comprehensive			Retained		stock, at			stockholders’			Noncontrolling			Total
	stock		capital			income (loss)			earnings		cost			equity			interests			equity
Balances as of December 31, 2020	$	1	$	12,008		$	4,425		$	1,584	$	(2,700	)	$	15,318		$	502		$	15,820
Sale of business that included noncontrolling interests		—		—			—			—		—			—			(657	)		(657	)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income		—		—			—			187		—			187			8			195
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		—		—			(750	)		—		—			(750	)		147			(603	)

Total comprehensive income (loss)															(563	)		155			(408	)
Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other		—		3			—			—		—			3			—			3

Balances as of March 31, 2021	$	1	$	12,011		$	3,675		$	1,771	$	(2,700	)	$	14,758		$	—		$	14,758

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in millions)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022			2021
Cash flows from (used by) operating activities:
Net income	$	179		$	195
Less (income) loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		2			(21	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by operating activities:
Amortization of fixed maturity securities discounts and premiums		(34	)		(32	)
Net investment (gains) losses		(28	)		(33	)
Charges assessed to policyholders		(150	)		(159	)
Acquisition costs deferred		(2	)		(2	)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		92			77
Deferred income taxes		57			59
Derivative instruments, limited partnerships and other		(105	)		(113	)
Stock-based compensation expense		10			11
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income and other assets		(43	)		(58	)
Insurance reserves		249			326
Current tax liabilities		—			(4	)
Other liabilities, policy and contract claims and other policy-related balances		(289	)		(319	)
Cash used by operating activities — discontinued operations		(30	)		(174	)

Net cash used by operating activities		(92	)		(247	)

Cash flows from (used by) investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities and repayments of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		730			1,031
Commercial mortgage loans		115			129
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		51			44
Proceeds from sales of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		581			777
Purchases and originations of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		(969	)		(1,647	)
Commercial mortgage loans		(197	)		(142	)
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		(137	)		(91	)
Short-term investments, net		(50	)		28
Policy loans, net		14			3
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash transferred		—			270
Cash used by investing activities — discontinued operations		—			(67	)

Net cash from investing activities		138			335

Cash flows from (used by) financing activities:
Deposits to universal life and investment contracts		159			176
Withdrawals from universal life and investment contracts		(418	)		(578	)
Repayment and repurchase of long-term debt		(82	)		(470	)
Other, net		15			92

Net cash used by financing activities		(326	)		(780	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (includes $— and $(1) related to discontinued operations)		—			—

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(280	)		(692	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		1,571			2,656

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period		1,291			1,964
Less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of discontinued operations at end of period		—			—

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of continuing operations at end of period	$	1,291		$	1,964

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1) Formation of Genworth and Basis of Presentation

Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth Holdings”) (formerly known as Genworth Financial, Inc.) was incorporated in Delaware in 2003 in preparation for an initial public offering (“IPO”) of its common stock, which was completed on May 28, 2004. On April 1, 2013, Genworth Holdings completed a holding company reorganization pursuant to which Genworth Holdings became a direct, 100% owned subsidiary of a new public holding company that it had formed. The new public holding company was incorporated in Delaware on December 5, 2012, in connection with the reorganization, and was renamed Genworth Financial, Inc. (“Genworth Financial”) upon the completion of the reorganization.

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include on a consolidated basis the accounts of Genworth Financial and its affiliate companies in which it holds a majority voting interest or power to direct activities of certain variable interest entities (“VIE”), which on a consolidated basis is referred to as “Genworth,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” unless the context otherwise requires. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. References to “Genworth Financial” refer solely to Genworth Financial, Inc., and not to any of its consolidated subsidiaries.

We operate our business through the following three operating segments:

•

Enact.

Our Enact segment predominantly includes Enact Holdings, Inc., (“Enact Holdings”) and its mortgage insurance subsidiaries. Through Enact Holdings, we offer mortgage insurance products predominantly insuring prime-based, individually underwritten residential mortgage loans at specified coverage percentages (“primary mortgage insurance”). Enact Holdings also selectively enters into insurance transactions with lenders and investors, under which it insures a portfolio of loans at or after origination (“pool mortgage insurance”).

•

U.S. Life Insurance.

Through our principal U.S. life insurance subsidiaries, we offer long-term care insurance products as well as service traditional life insurance and fixed annuity products in the United States.

•

Runoff.

The Runoff segment includes the results of products which have not been actively sold since 2011, but we continue to service our existing blocks of business. These products primarily include variable annuity, variable life insurance and corporate-owned life insurance, as well as funding agreements.

In addition to our three operating business segments, we also have Corporate and Other activities which include debt financing expenses that are incurred at the Genworth Holdings level, unallocated corporate income and expenses, eliminations of inter-segment transactions and the results of other businesses that are reported outside of our operating segments, including certain international mortgage insurance businesses and discontinued operations.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary by management to present a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results reported in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

statements and related notes contained in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

The impact of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”) is very difficult to predict. Its related outcomes and impact on our business and the capital markets, and our ability to raise capital will depend on economic impacts from social, global and political influences as a result of the pandemic, and the shape of the economic recovery, among other factors and uncertainties.

(2) Accounting Changes

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued new accounting guidance related to troubled debt restructurings and the vintage disclosures included within the accounting guidance for credit losses on financial instruments. The guidance eliminates the recognition and measurement requirements for troubled debt restructurings and requires creditors to instead apply existing guidance related to loan refinancing and restructuring to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. The guidance also expands disclosures for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and requires the presentation of gross write-offs by year of origination. The guidance is currently effective for us on January 1, 2023 using the prospective method, with an option to use the modified retrospective method for the recognition and measurement of troubled debt restructurings. We are permitted to early adopt this new accounting guidance as we adopted the accounting guidance related to credit losses on financial instruments on January 1, 2020. We do not expect any significant impact from this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that significantly changes the recognition and measurement of long-duration insurance contracts and expands disclosure requirements, which impacts deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”) and liabilities in our U.S. life insurance companies. In accordance with the guidance, the more significant changes include:

•

assumptions will no longer be locked-in at contract inception and all cash flow assumptions used to estimate the liability for future policy benefits (except the discount rate) will be reviewed at least annually in the same period each year or more frequently if actual experience indicates a change is required. Changes will be recorded in net income (loss) using a retrospective approach with a cumulative catch-up adjustment by recalculating the net premium ratio (which will be capped at 100%) using actual historical and updated future cash flow assumptions;

•

the discount rate used to determine the liability for future policy benefits will be a current upper-medium grade (low credit risk) fixed-income instrument yield, which is generally interpreted to mean a single-A rated bond rate for the same duration, and is required to be reviewed quarterly, with changes in the discount rate recorded in other comprehensive income (loss);

•

the provision for adverse deviation and the premium deficiency test will be eliminated;

•

market risk benefits associated with deposit-type contracts will be measured at fair value with changes related to instrument-specific credit risk recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and remaining changes recorded in net income (loss);

•

the amortization method for DAC will generally be on a straight-line basis over the expected contract term; and

•

disclosures will be greatly expanded to include significant assumptions and product liability rollforwards.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

his guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2023 using the modified

retrospective

method (with transition adjustments as of January 1, 2021) for all topics except for market risk benefits, which is required to be applied using the retrospective method, with early adoption permitted, which we do not intend to elect. We are currently in the process of obtaining necessary data, modifying systems, identifying and developing key inputs and assumptions and establishing policies, systems and internal controls necessary to implement this new accounting guidance. Given the nature and extent of the changes, this guidance is expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements and significantly reduce our equity at transition primarily due to the change in the discount rate used to determine our liability for future policy benefits.

(3) Earnings Per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing each income (loss) category presented below by the weighted-average basic and diluted common shares outstanding for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2022			2021
Weighted-average shares used in basic earnings per share calculations		508.3			506.0
Potentially dilutive securities:
Stock options, restricted stock units and other equity-based compensation		9.1			7.8

Weighted-average shares used in diluted earnings per share calculations		517.4			513.8

Income from continuing operations:
Income from continuing operations	$	181		$	174
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	151		$	174

Basic per share	$	0.30		$	0.35

Diluted per share	$	0.29		$	0.34

Income (loss) from discontinued operations:
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes	$	(2	)	$	21
Less: net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			8

Income (loss) from discontinued operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(2	)	$	13

Basic per share	$	—		$	0.02

Diluted per share	$	—		$	0.02

Net income:
Income from continuing operations	$	181		$	174
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2	)		21

Net income		179			195
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			8

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187

Basic per share (1)	$	0.29		$	0.37

Diluted per share (1)	$	0.29		$	0.37

(1)	May not total due to whole number calculation.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(4) Investments

(a) Net Investment Income

Sources of net investment income were as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Fixed maturity securities—taxable	$	580		$	599
Fixed maturity securities—non-taxable		1			2
Equity securities		2			3
Commercial mortgage loans		81			78
Policy loans		50			50
Limited partnerships		7			31
Other invested assets		63			58

Gross investment income before expenses and fees		784			821
Expenses and fees		(20	)		(20	)

Net investment income	$	764		$	801

(b) Net Investment Gains (Losses)

The following table sets forth net investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Realized investment gains (losses):
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Realized gains	$	10		$	7
Realized losses		(18	)		(3	)

Net realized gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		(8	)		4
Net realized gains (losses) on equity securities sold		—			(5	)
Net realized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		—			3

Total net realized investment gains (losses)		(8	)		2

Net change in allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		—			(2	)
Write-down of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities (1)		(2	)		(1	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held		(6	)		(8	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		35			34
Commercial mortgage loans		1			(1	)
Derivative instruments (2)		4			8
Other		4			1

Net investment gains (losses)	$	28		$	33

(1)	Represents write-down of securities deemed uncollectible or that we intend to sell or will be required to sell prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis.

(2)	See note 5 for additional information on the impact of derivative instruments included in net investment gains (losses).

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

See Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of our policy for evaluating and measuring the allowance for credit losses related to our available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. There was no allowance for credit losses related to our available-for-sale fixed maturity investments as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The following table represents the allowance for credit losses aggregated by security type for available-for-sale fixed maturity investments as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021:


(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance		Increase from securities without allowance in previous periods		Increase (decrease) from securities with allowance in previous periods		Securities sold		Decrease due to change in intent or requirement to sell		Write-offs			Recoveries		Ending balance
Fixed maturity securities:
Non-U.S. corporate	$	1	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	3
Commercial mortgage-backed		3		—		—		—		—		(3	)		—		—

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	4	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	3

Net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities without an allowance for credit losses (1)	$	2,747		$	7,869
Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities with an allowance for credit losses (1)		—			—
Adjustments to DAC, present value of future profits, sales inducements, benefit reserves and policyholder contract balances		(1,700	)		(5,487	)
Income taxes, net		(223	)		(507	)

Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		824			1,875
Less: net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(26	)		15

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to Genworth Financial, Inc.	$	850		$	1,860

(1)	Excludes foreign exchange.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investment securities reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was as follows as of and for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	1,860		$	2,214
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities		(5,130	)		(3,383	)
Adjustment to DAC		237			(174	)
Adjustment to present value of future profits		1			1
Adjustment to sales inducements		22			3
Adjustment to benefit reserves and policyholder contract balances		3,527			3,145
Provision for income taxes		286			92

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities		(1,057	)		(316	)
Reclassification adjustments to net investment (gains) losses, net of taxes of $(2) and $1		6			(4	)

Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)		(1,051	)		(320	)
Less: change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(41	)		(25	)

Ending balance	$	850		$	1,919

Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net investment gains (losses) include realized gains (losses) on sales of securities, which are determined on a specific identification basis.

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(d) Fixed Maturity Securities

As of March 31, 2022, the amortized cost or cost, gross unrealized gains (losses), allowance for credit losses and fair value of our fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows:


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses		Fair value
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,356	$	744	$	(3	)	$	—	$	4,097
State and political subdivisions		3,009		206		(81	)		—		3,134
Non-U.S. government		778		48		(42	)		—		784
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,345		355		(66	)		—		4,634
Energy		2,572		175		(48	)		—		2,699
Finance and insurance		8,026		406		(203	)		—		8,229
Consumer—non-cyclical		5,070		488		(70	)		—		5,488
Technology and communications		3,371		213		(87	)		—		3,497
Industrial		1,301		73		(26	)		—		1,348
Capital goods		2,346		205		(39	)		—		2,512
Consumer—cyclical		1,725		86		(44	)		—		1,767
Transportation		1,133		124		(9	)		—		1,248
Other		381		24		(4	)		—		401

Total U.S. corporate		30,270		2,149		(596	)		—		31,823

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		874		19		(15	)		—		878
Energy		1,158		102		(19	)		—		1,241
Finance and insurance		2,129		132		(70	)		—		2,191
Consumer—non-cyclical		665		28		(22	)		—		671
Technology and communications		1,055		61		(17	)		—		1,099
Industrial		918		56		(21	)		—		953
Capital goods		610		25		(16	)		—		619
Consumer—cyclical		316		5		(9	)		—		312
Transportation		392		38		(7	)		—		423
Other		996		86		(16	)		—		1,066

Total non-U.S. corporate		9,113		552		(212	)		—		9,453

Residential mortgage-backed		1,277		57		(14	)		—		1,320
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,369		36		(44	)		—		2,361
Other asset-backed		2,108		7		(60	)		—		2,055

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	52,280	$	3,799	$	(1,052	)	$	—	$	55,027

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

As of December 31, 2021, the amortized cost or cost, gross unrealized gains (losses), allowance for credit losses and fair value of our fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows:


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses		Fair value
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,368	$	1,184	$	—		$	—	$	4,552
State and political subdivisions		2,982		474		(6	)		—		3,450
Non-U.S. government		762		86		(13	)		—		835
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,330		783		(9	)		—		5,104
Energy		2,581		363		(10	)		—		2,934
Finance and insurance		8,003		1,012		(24	)		—		8,991
Consumer—non-cyclical		5,138		1,029		(8	)		—		6,159
Technology and communications		3,345		476		(13	)		—		3,808
Industrial		1,322		175		(3	)		—		1,494
Capital goods		2,334		415		(4	)		—		2,745
Consumer—cyclical		1,703		203		(7	)		—		1,899
Transportation		1,122		249		—			—		1,371
Other		379		41		(1	)		—		419

Total U.S. corporate		30,257		4,746		(79	)		—		34,924

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		867		63		(2	)		—		928
Energy		1,194		190		(1	)		—		1,383
Finance and insurance		2,171		270		(9	)		—		2,432
Consumer—non-cyclical		664		81		(2	)		—		743
Technology and communications		1,085		166		(1	)		—		1,250
Industrial		933		117		(3	)		—		1,047
Capital goods		640		66		(1	)		—		705
Consumer—cyclical		316		27		(2	)		—		341
Transportation		422		68		(1	)		—		489
Other		1,052		169		(4	)		—		1,217

Total non-U.S. corporate		9,344		1,217		(26	)		—		10,535

Residential mortgage-backed		1,325		116		(1	)		—		1,440
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,435		152		(3	)		—		2,584
Other asset-backed		2,138		29		(7	)		—		2,160

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	52,611	$	8,004	$	(135	)	$	—	$	60,480

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our fixed maturity securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of March 31, 2022:


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	67	$	(2	)		17	$	10	$	(1	)		3	$	77	$	(3	)		20
State and political subdivisions		902		(78	)		157		25		(3	)		5		927		(81	)		162
Non-U.S. government		305		(27	)		46		80		(15	)		10		385		(42	)		56
U.S. corporate		8,109		(505	)		995		627		(91	)		65		8,736		(596	)		1,060
Non-U.S. corporate		2,672		(173	)		355		258		(39	)		31		2,930		(212	)		386
Residential mortgage-backed		304		(13	)		78		5		(1	)		5		309		(14	)		83
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,098		(40	)		160		43		(4	)		6		1,141		(44	)		166
Other asset-backed		1,500		(57	)		254		66		(3	)		15		1,566		(60	)		269

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	14,957	$	(895	)		2,062	$	1,114	$	(157	)		140	$	16,071	$	(1,052	)		2,202

% Below cost:
<20% Below cost	$	14,957	$	(895	)		2,062	$	1,066	$	(142	)		134	$	16,023	$	(1,037	)		2,196
20%-50% Below cost		—		—			—		48		(15	)		6		48		(15	)		6

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	14,957	$	(895	)		2,062	$	1,114	$	(157	)		140	$	16,071	$	(1,052	)		2,202

Investment grade	$	13,796	$	(823	)		1,896	$	1,031	$	(140	)		129	$	14,827	$	(963	)		2,025
Below investment grade		1,161		(72	)		166		83		(17	)		11		1,244		(89	)		177

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	14,957	$	(895	)		2,062	$	1,114	$	(157	)		140	$	16,071	$	(1,052	)		2,202

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our corporate securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, based on industry, as of March 31, 2022:


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	1,089	$	(56	)		142	$	59	$	(10	)		13	$	1,148	$	(66	)		155
Energy		740		(40	)		87		63		(8	)		7		803		(48	)		94
Finance and insurance		2,529		(173	)		293		203		(30	)		17		2,732		(203	)		310
Consumer—non-cyclical		916		(56	)		109		86		(14	)		7		1,002		(70	)		116
Technology and communications		1,094		(73	)		147		93		(14	)		8		1,187		(87	)		155
Industrial		361		(26	)		46		—		—			—		361		(26	)		46
Capital goods		553		(35	)		65		27		(4	)		4		580		(39	)		69
Consumer—cyclical		507		(34	)		65		78		(10	)		7		585		(44	)		72
Transportation		247		(9	)		32		—		—			—		247		(9	)		32
Other		73		(3	)		9		18		(1	)		2		91		(4	)		11

Subtotal, U.S. corporate securities		8,109		(505	)		995		627		(91	)		65		8,736		(596	)		1,060

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		272		(13	)		28		12		(2	)		1		284		(15	)		29
Energy		291		(18	)		27		4		(1	)		1		295		(19	)		28
Finance and insurance		685		(47	)		96		157		(23	)		16		842		(70	)		112
Consumer—non-cyclical		253		(21	)		32		6		(1	)		1		259		(22	)		33
Technology and communications		269		(17	)		41		—		—			—		269		(17	)		41
Industrial		274		(19	)		35		18		(2	)		2		292		(21	)		37
Capital goods		231		(16	)		30		—		—			—		231		(16	)		30
Consumer—cyclical		128		(7	)		25		20		(2	)		4		148		(9	)		29
Transportation		125		(7	)		19		—		—			—		125		(7	)		19
Other		144		(8	)		22		41		(8	)		6		185		(16	)		28

Subtotal, non-U.S. corporate securities		2,672		(173	)		355		258		(39	)		31		2,930		(212	)		386

Total for corporate securities in an unrealized loss position	$	10,781	$	(678	)		1,350	$	885	$	(130	)		96	$	11,666	$	(808	)		1,446

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We did not recognize an allowance for credit losses on securities in an unrealized loss position included in the tables above. Based on a qualitative and quantitative review of the issuers of the securities, we believe the decline in fair value was largely due to increasing interest rates and widening credit spreads and was not indicative of credit losses. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments. For all securities in an unrealized loss position without an allowance for credit losses, we expect to recover the amortized cost based on our estimate of the amount and timing of cash flows to be collected. We do not intend to sell nor do we expect that we will be required to sell these securities prior to recovering our amortized cost.


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
Fixed maturity securities:
State and political subdivisions	$	339	$	(6	)		67	$	—	$	—			—	$	339	$	(6	)		67
Non-U.S. government		173		(9	)		28		19		(4	)		1		192		(13	)		29
U.S. corporate		2,593		(64	)		266		196		(15	)		22		2,789		(79	)		288
Non-U.S. corporate		912		(21	)		124		62		(5	)		8		974		(26	)		132
Residential mortgage-backed		97		(1	)		22		—		—			—		97		(1	)		22
Commercial mortgage-backed		113		(2	)		17		31		(1	)		4		144		(3	)		21
Other asset-backed		764		(7	)		111		—		—			—		764		(7	)		111

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	4,991	$	(110	)		635	$	308	$	(25	)		35	$	5,299	$	(135	)		670

% Below cost:
<20% Below cost	$	4,991	$	(110	)		635	$	297	$	(20	)		33	$	5,288	$	(130	)		668
20%-50% Below cost		—		—			—		11		(5	)		2		11		(5	)		2

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	4,991	$	(110	)		635	$	308	$	(25	)		35	$	5,299	$	(135	)		670

Investment grade	$	4,644	$	(101	)		587	$	241	$	(12	)		25	$	4,885	$	(113	)		612
Below investment grade		347		(9	)		48		67		(13	)		10		414		(22	)		58

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	4,991	$	(110	)		635	$	308	$	(25	)		35	$	5,299	$	(135	)		670

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	211	$	(7	)		32	$	29	$	(2	)		7	$	240	$	(9	)		39
Energy		166		(3	)		18		25		(7	)		4		191		(10	)		22
Finance and insurance		960		(22	)		89		62		(2	)		3		1,022		(24	)		92
Consumer—non-cyclical		296		(7	)		30		14		(1	)		2		310		(8	)		32
Technology and communications		378		(12	)		37		29		(1	)		2		407		(13	)		39
Industrial		143		(3	)		18		—		—			—		143		(3	)		18
Capital goods		171		(3	)		16		18		(1	)		2		189		(4	)		18
Consumer—cyclical		268		(7	)		26		—		—			—		268		(7	)		26
Other		—		—			—		19		(1	)		2		19		(1	)		2

Subtotal, U.S. corporate securities		2,593		(64	)		266		196		(15	)		22		2,789		(79	)		288

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		69		(2	)		9		—		—			—		69		(2	)		9
Energy		64		(1	)		10		—		—			—		64		(1	)		10
Finance and insurance		366		(8	)		43		18		(1	)		2		384		(9	)		45
Consumer—non-cyclical		67		(1	)		12		6		(1	)		1		73		(2	)		13
Technology and communications		48		(1	)		8		—		—			—		48		(1	)		8
Industrial		122		(3	)		14		—		—			—		122		(3	)		14
Capital goods		78		(1	)		8		—		—			—		78		(1	)		8
Consumer—cyclical		22		(1	)		8		15		(1	)		3		37		(2	)		11
Transportation		37		(1	)		7		—		—			—		37		(1	)		7
Other		39		(2	)		5		23		(2	)		2		62		(4	)		7

Subtotal, non-U.S. corporate securities		912		(21	)		124		62		(5	)		8		974		(26	)		132

Total for corporate securities in an unrealized loss position	$	3,505	$	(85	)		390	$	258	$	(20	)		30	$	3,763	$	(105	)		420

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The scheduled maturity distribution of fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2022 is set forth below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers of securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Fair value
Due one year or less	$	1,407	$	1,420
Due after one year through five years		8,339		8,501
Due after five years through ten years		13,771		13,943
Due after ten years		23,009		25,427

Subtotal		46,526		49,291
Residential mortgage-backed		1,277		1,320
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,369		2,361
Other asset-backed		2,108		2,055

Total	$	52,280	$	55,027

As of March 31, 2022, securities issued by finance and insurance, consumer—non-cyclical, utilities and technology and communications industry groups represented approximately 24%, 15%, 13% and 11%, respectively, of our domestic and foreign corporate fixed maturity securities portfolio. No other industry group comprised more than 10% of our investment portfolio.

As of March 31, 2022, we did not hold any fixed maturity securities in any single issuer, other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, which exceeded 10% of stockholders’ equity.

(e) Commercial Mortgage Loans

Our mortgage loans are collateralized by commercial properties, including multi-family residential buildings. The carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is stated at original cost net of principal payments, amortization and allowance for credit losses.

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We diversify our commercial mortgage loans by both property type and geographic region. The following tables set forth the distribution across property type and geographic region for commercial mortgage loans as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value			% of total			Carrying value			% of total
Property type:
Retail	$	2,837			41	%	$	2,774			40	%
Office		1,527			22			1,526			22
Industrial		1,461			21			1,420			21
Apartments		577			8			585			9
Mixed use		327			5			330			5
Other		209			3			221			3

Subtotal		6,938			100	%		6,856			100	%

Allowance for credit losses		(25	)					(26	)

Total	$	6,913					$	6,830


	March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value			% of total			Carrying value			% of total
Geographic region:
South Atlantic	$	1,806			26	%	$	1,770			26	%
Pacific		1,357			20			1,360			20
Middle Atlantic		964			14			964			14
Mountain		932			13			892			13
West South Central		493			7			483			7
West North Central		466			7			461			7
East North Central		464			7			465			7
New England		235			3			237			3
East South Central		221			3			224			3

Subtotal		6,938			100	%		6,856			100	%

Allowance for credit losses		(25	)					(26	)

Total	$	6,913					$	6,830

As of December 31, 2021, we had one commercial mortgage loan with an amortized cost of $22 million that was 31 to 60 days past due in the office property type. We wrote off $8 million of this commercial mortgage loan during the year ended December 31, 2021 and it was placed on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2021. The carrying value of this commercial mortgage loan was written down to the fair value of its collateral and this loan did not have an allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2022, this commercial mortgage loan was more than 90 days past due with an amortized cost of $22 million and was on non-accrual status. As of March 31, 2022, we had no other commercial mortgage loans past due or on non-accrual status. For a discussion of our policy related to placing commercial mortgage loans on non-accrual status, see Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, we did not have any modifications or extensions that were considered troubled debt restructurings.

The following table sets forth the allowance for credit losses related to commercial mortgage loans as of or for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	26		$	31
Provision		(1	)		1
Write-offs		—			—
Recoveries		—			—

Ending balance	$	25		$	32

In evaluating the credit quality of commercial mortgage loans, we assess the performance of the underlying loans using both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Certain risks associated with commercial mortgage loans can be evaluated by reviewing both the debt-to-value and debt service coverage ratio to understand both the probability of the borrower not being able to make the necessary loan payments as well as the ability to sell the underlying property for an amount that would enable us to recover our unpaid principal balance in the event of default by the borrower. The average debt-to-value ratio is based on our most recent estimate of the fair value for the underlying property which is evaluated at least annually and updated more frequently if necessary to better indicate risk associated with the loan. A lower debt-to-value indicates that our loan value is more likely to be recovered in the event of default by the borrower if the property was sold. The debt service coverage ratio is based on “normalized” annual income of the property compared to the payments required under the terms of the loan. Normalization allows for the removal of annual one-time events such as capital expenditures, prepaid or late real estate tax payments or non-recurring third-party fees (such as legal, consulting or contract fees). This ratio is evaluated at least annually and updated more frequently if necessary to better indicate risk associated with the loan. A higher debt service coverage ratio indicates the borrower is less likely to default on the loan. The debt service coverage ratio is not used without considering other factors associated with the borrower, such as the borrower’s liquidity or access to other resources that may result in our expectation that the borrower will continue to make the future scheduled payments.

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The following tables set forth commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and credit quality indicator as of March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		2017 and prior		Total
Debt-to-value:
0% - 50%	$	—	$	23	$	72	$	60	$	161	$	2,136	$	2,452
51% - 60%		—		40		30		161		272		991		1,494
61% - 75%		197		884		420		505		438		526		2,970
76% - 100%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Greater than 100%		—		—		—		—		—		22		22

Total amortized cost	$	197	$	947	$	522	$	726	$	871	$	3,675	$	6,938

Debt service coverage ratio:
Less than 1.00	$	—	$	—	$	10	$	19	$	41	$	150	$	220
1.00 - 1.25		13		2		69		73		75		317		549
1.26 - 1.50		20		118		32		167		134		333		804
1.51 - 2.00		148		724		219		269		441		1,270		3,071
Greater than 2.00		16		103		192		198		180		1,605		2,294

Total amortized cost	$	197	$	947	$	522	$	726	$	871	$	3,675	$	6,938

The following tables set forth the debt-to-value of commercial mortgage loans by property type as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
(Amounts in millions)	0% - 50%			51% - 60%			61% - 75%			76% - 100%			Greater than 100%			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	849		$	594		$	1,394		$	—		$	—		$	2,837
Office		492			387			626			—			22			1,527
Industrial		738			233			490			—			—			1,461
Apartments		196			99			282			—			—			577
Mixed use		121			67			139			—			—			327
Other		56			114			39			—			—			209

Total amortized cost	$	2,452		$	1,494		$	2,970		$	—		$	22		$	6,938

% of total		35	%		22	%		43	%		—	%		—	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt service coverage ratio		2.35			1.84			1.62			—			—			1.92

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	December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	0% - 50%			51% - 60%			61% - 75%			76% - 100%			Greater than 100%			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	853		$	611		$	1,310		$	—		$	—		$	2,774
Office		505			395			604			—			22			1,526
Industrial		745			240			435			—			—			1,420
Apartments		200			102			283			—			—			585
Mixed use		120			70			140			—			—			330
Other		57			121			43			—			—			221

Total amortized cost	$	2,480		$	1,539		$	2,815		$	—		$	22		$	6,856

% of total		36	%		23	%		41	%		—	%		—	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt service coverage ratio		2.36			1.83			1.61			—			0.68			1.93

The following tables set forth the debt service coverage ratio for fixed rate commercial mortgage loans by property type as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
(Amounts in millions)	Less than 1.00			1.00 - 1.25			1.26 - 1.50			1.51 - 2.00			Greater than 2.00			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	100		$	157		$	426		$	1,441		$	713		$	2,837
Office		67			108			165			609			578			1,527
Industrial		8			77			80			629			667			1,461
Apartments		17			62			77			230			191			577
Mixed use		23			31			40			118			115			327
Other		5			114			16			44			30			209

Total amortized cost	$	220		$	549		$	804		$	3,071		$	2,294		$	6,938

% of total		3	%		8	%		12	%		44	%		33	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt-to-value		68	%		60	%		62	%		60	%		44	%		55	%

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	December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Less than 1.00			1.00 - 1.25			1.26 - 1.50			1.51 - 2.00			Greater than 2.00			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	102		$	166		$	405		$	1,375		$	726		$	2,774
Office		67			109			167			593			590			1,526
Industrial		9			64			82			599			666			1,420
Apartments		17			62			84			225			197			585
Mixed use		24			32			40			118			116			330
Other		4			126			13			48			30			221

Total amortized cost	$	223		$	559		$	791		$	2,958		$	2,325		$	6,856

% of total		3	%		8	%		12	%		43	%		34	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt-to-value		68	%		61	%		61	%		60	%		43	%		55	%

(f) Limited Partnerships or Similar Entities

Investments in limited partnerships or similar entities are generally considered VIEs when the equity group lacks sufficient financial control. Generally, these investments are limited partner or non-managing member equity investments in a widely held fund that is sponsored and managed by a reputable asset manager. We are not the primary beneficiary of any VIE investment in a limited partnership or similar entity. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the total carrying value of these investments was $1,936 million and $1,829 million, respectively. Our maximum exposure to loss is equal to the outstanding carrying value and future funding commitments. We have not contributed, and do not plan to contribute, any additional financial or other support outside of what is contractually obligated.

(5) Derivative Instruments

Our business activities routinely deal with fluctuations in interest rates, equity prices, currency exchange rates and other asset and liability prices. We use derivative instruments to mitigate or reduce some of these risks. We have established policies for managing each of these risks, including prohibitions on derivatives market-making and other speculative derivatives activities. These policies require the use of derivative instruments in concert with other techniques to reduce or mitigate these risks. While we use derivatives to mitigate or reduce risks, certain derivatives do not meet the accounting requirements to be designated as hedging instruments and are denoted as “derivatives not designated as hedges” in the following disclosures. For derivatives that meet the accounting requirements to be designated as hedges, the following disclosures for these derivatives are denoted as “derivatives designated as hedges,” which include cash flow hedges.

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The following table sets forth our positions in derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:


	Derivative assets						Derivative liabilities
			Fair value						Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Balance sheet classification		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Balance sheet classification		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Derivatives designated as
hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps		Other invested assets	$	162	$	364		Other liabilities	$	76	$	26
Foreign currency swaps		Other invested assets		5		6		Other liabilities		1		—

Total cash flow hedges				167		370				77		26

Total derivatives designated as hedges				167		370				77		26

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options		Other invested assets		30		42		Other liabilities		—		—
Financial futures		Other invested assets		—		—		Other liabilities		—		—
Other foreign currency contracts		Other invested assets		—		2		Other liabilities		—		—
GMWB embedded derivatives		Reinsurance recoverable (1)		17		19		Policyholder account balances (2)		243		271
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		Other assets		—		—		Policyholder account balances (3)		261		294
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		Reinsurance recoverable		—		—		Policyholder account balances (4)		21		25

Total derivatives not designated as hedges				47		63				525		590

Total derivatives			$	214	$	433			$	602	$	616

(1)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with the reinsured portion of our guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) liabilities.

(2)	Represents the embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance.

(3)	Represents the embedded derivatives associated with our fixed index annuity liabilities.

(4)	Represents the embedded derivatives associated with our indexed universal life liabilities.

The fair value of derivative positions presented above was not offset by the respective collateral amounts received or provided under these agreements.

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The activity associated with derivative instruments can generally be measured by the change in notional value over the periods presented. However, for GMWB embedded derivatives, fixed index annuity embedded derivatives and indexed universal life embedded derivatives, the change between periods is best illustrated by the number of policies. The following tables represent activity associated with derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:


(Notional in millions)	Measurement		December 31, 2021		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2022
Derivatives designated as hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps		Notional	$	7,653	$	—	$	(58	)	$	7,595
Foreign currency swaps		Notional		127		—		—			127

Total cash flow hedges				7,780		—		(58	)		7,722

Total derivatives designated as hedges				7,780		—		(58	)		7,722

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options		Notional		1,446		300		(368	)		1,378
Financial futures		Notional		946		994		(1,042	)		898
Other foreign currency contracts		Notional		83		—		(59	)		24

Total derivatives not designated as hedges				2,475		1,294		(1,469	)		2,300

Total derivatives			$	10,255	$	1,294	$	(1,527	)	$	10,022


(Number of policies)	Measurement		December 31, 2021		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2022
Derivatives not designated as hedges
GMWB embedded derivatives		Policies		21,804		—		(477	)		21,327
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		Policies		9,344		—		(568	)		8,776
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		Policies		806		—		(7	)		799

Cash Flow Hedges

Certain derivative instruments are designated as cash flow hedges. The changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”). We designate and account for the following as cash flow hedges when they have met the effectiveness requirements: (i) various types of interest rate swaps to convert floating rate investments to fixed rate investments; (ii) various types of interest rate swaps to convert floating rate liabilities into fixed rate liabilities; (iii) receive U.S. dollar fixed on foreign currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency cash flow exposure of foreign currency denominated investments; (iv) forward starting interest rate swaps to hedge against changes in interest rates associated with future fixed rate bond purchases and/or interest income; and (v) other instruments to hedge the cash flows of various forecasted transactions.

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The following table provides information about the pre-tax income effects of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	Gain (loss) recognized in OCI			Gain (loss) reclassified into net income from OCI			Classification of gain (loss) reclassified into net income		Gain (loss) recognized in net income		Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	(250	)	$	55			Net investment income	$	—		Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging assets		—			2			Net investment gains (losses)		—		Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		—			(1	)		Interest expense		—		Net investment gains (losses)
Foreign currency swaps		(2	)		1			Net investment income		—		Net investment gains (losses)

Total	$	(252	)	$	57				$	—

The following table provides information about the pre-tax income effects of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2021:


(Amounts in millions)	Gain (loss) recognized in OCI			Gain (loss) reclassified into net income from OCI		Classification of gain (loss) reclassified into net income	Gain (loss) recognized in net income		Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	(529	)	$	52	Net investment income	$	—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		44			—	Interest expense		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Foreign currency swaps		(2	)		—	Net investment income		—	Net investment gains (losses)

Total	$	(487	)	$	52		$	—

The following table provides a reconciliation of current period changes, net of applicable income taxes, for these designated derivatives presented in the separate component of stockholders’ equity labeled “derivatives qualifying as hedges,” for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Derivatives qualifying as effective accounting hedges as of January 1	$	2,025		$	2,211
Current period increases (decreases) in fair value, net of deferred taxes of $53 and $102		(199	)		(385	)
Reclassification to net (income), net of deferred taxes of $20 and $18		(37	)		(34	)

Derivatives qualifying as effective accounting hedges as of March 31	$	1,789		$	1,792

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The total of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of $1,789 million, net of taxes, recorded in stockholders’ equity as of March 31, 2022 is expected to be reclassified to net income (loss) in the future, concurrently with and primarily offsetting changes in interest expense and interest income on floating rate instruments and interest income on future fixed rate bond purchases. Of this amount, $143 million, net of taxes, is expected to be reclassified to net income (loss) in the next 12 months. Actual amounts may vary from this amount as a result of market conditions. All forecasted transactions associated with qualifying cash flow hedges are expected to occur by 2057. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we reclassified $3 million and $2 million, respectively, to net income in connection with forecasted transactions that were no longer considered probable of occurring.

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedges

We also enter into certain non-qualifying derivative instruments such as: (i) interest rate swaps and financial futures to mitigate interest rate risk as part of managing regulatory capital positions; (ii) equity index options, interest rate swaps and financial futures to mitigate the risks associated with liabilities that have guaranteed minimum benefits, fixed index annuities and indexed universal life; and (iii) foreign currency options and forward contracts to mitigate currency risk associated with dividends, cash payments to AXA S.A. (“AXA”) reported as discontinued operations and/or other cash flows from certain foreign subsidiaries to our holding company. Additionally, we provide GMWBs on certain variable annuities that are required to be bifurcated as embedded derivatives. We also offer fixed index annuity and indexed universal life insurance products and have reinsurance agreements with certain features that are required to be bifurcated as embedded derivatives.

The following table provides the pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in net income for the effects of derivatives not designated as hedges for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Interest rate swaps	$	—		$	4		Net investment gains (losses)
Equity index options		(6	)		3		Net investment gains (losses)
Financial futures		(47	)		(110	)	Net investment gains (losses)
GMWB embedded derivatives		32			105		Net investment gains (losses)
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		12			(4	)	Net investment gains (losses)
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		11			10		Net investment gains (losses)

Total derivatives not designated as hedges	$	2		$	8

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Derivative Counterparty Credit Risk

Most of our derivative arrangements with counterparties require the posting of collateral upon meeting certain net exposure thresholds. The following table presents additional information about derivative assets and liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022									December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Derivative assets (1)			Derivative liabilities (1)			Net derivatives			Derivative assets (1)			Derivative liabilities (1)			Net derivatives
Amounts presented in the balance sheet:
Gross amounts recognized	$	198		$	77		$	121		$	414		$	26		$	388
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet		—			—			—			—			—			—

Net amounts presented in the balance sheet		198			77			121			414			26			388
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet:
Financial instruments (2)		(49	)		(49	)		—			(20	)		(20	)		—
Collateral received		(110	)		—			(110	)		(308	)		—			(308	)
Collateral pledged		—			(567	)		567			—			(536	)		536
Over collateralization		13			539			(526	)		2			530			(528	)

Net amount	$	52		$	—		$	52		$	88		$	—		$	88

(1)	Included $1 million of accruals on derivatives classified as other assets as of March 31, 2022 and does not include amounts related to embedded derivatives as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

(2)	Amounts represent derivative assets and/or liabilities that are presented gross within the balance sheet but are held with the same counterparty where we have a master netting arrangement. This adjustment results in presenting the net asset and net liability position for each counterparty.

(6)	Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

We have fixed maturity securities, equity securities, limited partnerships, derivatives, short-term investments, embedded derivatives, separate account assets and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value. Below is a description of the valuation techniques and inputs used to determine fair value by class of instrument.

Fixed maturity, short-term investments and equity securities

The fair value of fixed maturity securities, short-term investments and equity securities are estimated primarily based on information derived from third-party pricing services (“pricing services”), internal models and/or broker quotes, which use a market approach, income approach or a combination of the market and income approach depending on the type of instrument and availability of information. In general, a market approach is utilized if there is readily available and relevant market activity for an individual security. In certain cases where market information is not available for a specific security but is available for similar securities, that security is valued using market information for similar securities, which is also a market approach. When market

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information is not available for a specific security (or similar securities) or is available but such information is less relevant or reliable, an income approach or a combination of a market and income approach is utilized. For securities with optionality, such as call or prepayment features (including mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities), an income approach may be used. In addition, a combination of the results from market and income approaches may be used to estimate fair value. These valuation techniques may change from period to period, based on the relevance and availability of market data.

Further, while we consider the valuations provided by pricing services and broker quotes to be of high quality, management determines the fair value of our investment securities after considering all relevant and available information.

In general, we first obtain valuations from pricing services. If prices are unavailable for public securities, we obtain broker quotes. For all securities, excluding certain private fixed maturity securities, if neither a pricing service nor broker quotes valuation is available, we determine fair value using internal models. For certain private fixed maturity securities where we do not obtain valuations from pricing services, we utilize an internal model to determine fair value since transactions for similar securities are not readily observable and these securities are not typically valued by pricing services.

Given our understanding of the pricing methodologies and procedures of pricing services, the securities valued by pricing services are typically classified as Level 2 unless we determine the valuation process for a security or group of securities utilizes significant unobservable inputs, which would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3.

Broker quotes are typically based on an income approach given the lack of available market data. As the valuation typically includes significant unobservable inputs, we classify the securities where fair value is based on our consideration of broker quotes as Level 3 measurements.

For private fixed maturity securities, we utilize an income approach where we obtain public bond spreads and utilize those in an internal model to determine fair value. Other inputs to the model include rating and weighted-average life, as well as sector which is used to assign the spread. We then add an additional premium, which represents an unobservable input, to the public bond spread to adjust for the liquidity and other features of our private placements. We utilize the estimated market yield to discount the expected cash flows of the security to determine fair value. We utilize price caps for securities where the estimated market yield results in a valuation that may exceed the amount that would be received in a market transaction. When a security does not have an external rating, we assign the security an internal rating to determine the appropriate public bond spread that should be utilized in the valuation. While we generally consider the public bond spreads by sector and maturity to be observable inputs, we evaluate the similarities of our private placement with the public bonds, any price caps utilized, liquidity premiums applied, and whether external ratings are available for our private placements to determine whether the spreads utilized would be considered observable inputs. We classify private securities without an external rating or public bond spread as Level 3. In general, a significant increase (decrease) in credit spreads would have resulted in a significant decrease (increase) in the fair value for our fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2022.

For remaining securities priced using internal models, we determine fair value using an income approach. We maximize the use of observable inputs but typically utilize significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. Accordingly, the valuations are typically classified as Level 3.

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Our assessment of whether or not there were significant unobservable inputs related to fixed maturity securities was based on our observations obtained through the course of managing our investment portfolio, including interaction with other market participants, observations related to the availability and consistency of pricing and/or rating, and understanding of general market activity such as new issuance and the level of secondary market trading for a class of securities. Additionally, we considered data obtained from pricing services to determine whether our estimated values incorporate significant unobservable inputs that would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3.

A summary of the inputs used for our fixed maturity securities, short-term investments and equity securities based on the level in which instruments are classified is included below. We have combined certain classes of instruments together as the nature of the inputs is similar.

Level 1 measurements

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation of exchange-traded equity securities include quoted prices for the identical instrument.

Separate account assets.

The fair value of separate account assets is based on the quoted prices of the underlying fund investments and, therefore, represents Level 1 pricing.

Level 2 measurements

Fixed maturity securities

•

Third-party pricing services:

In estimating the fair value of fixed maturity securities, 89% of our portfolio was priced using third-party pricing services as of March 31, 2022. These pricing services utilize industry-standard valuation techniques that include market-based approaches, income-based approaches, a combination of market-based and income-based approaches or other proprietary, internally generated models as part of the valuation processes. These third-party pricing vendors maximize the use of publicly available data inputs to generate valuations for each asset class. Priority and type of inputs used may change frequently as certain inputs may be more direct drivers of valuation at the time of pricing. Examples of significant inputs incorporated by pricing services may include sector and issuer spreads, seasoning, capital structure, security optionality, collateral data, prepayment assumptions, default assumptions, delinquencies, debt covenants, benchmark yields, trade data, dealer quotes, credit ratings, maturity and weighted-average life. We conduct regular meetings with our pricing services for the purpose of understanding the methodologies, techniques and inputs used by the third-party pricing providers.

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The following table presents a summary of the significant inputs used by our pricing services for certain fair value measurements of fixed maturity securities that are classified as Level 2 as of March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	Fair value		Primary methodologies	Significant inputs
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises		$4,097	Price quotes from trading desk, broker feeds	Bid side prices, trade prices, Option Adjusted Spread (“OAS”) to swap curve, Bond Market Association OAS, Treasury Curve, Agency Bullet Curve, maturity to issuer spread

State and political subdivisions		$3,063	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, third-party pricing vendors	Trade prices, material event notices, Municipal Market Data benchmark yields, broker quotes

Non-U.S. government		$783	Matrix pricing, spread priced to benchmark curves, price quotes from market makers	Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

U.S. corporate		$27,876	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, broker quotes, price quotes from market makers, OAS-based models	Bid side prices to Treasury Curve, Issuer Curve, which includes sector, quality, duration, OAS percentage and change for spread matrix, trade prices, comparative transactions, Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine (“TRACE”) reports

Non-U.S. corporate		$7,414	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, OAS-based models, price quotes from market makers	Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

Residential mortgage-backed		$1,287	OAS-based models, single factor binomial models, internally priced	Prepayment and default assumptions, aggregation of bonds with similar characteristics, including collateral type, vintage, tranche type, weighted-average life, weighted-average loan age, issuer program and delinquency ratio, pay up and pay down factors, TRACE reports

Commercial mortgage-backed		$2,346	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, pricing matrix, spread matrix priced to swap curves, Trepp commercial mortgage- backed securities analytics model	Credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment speeds, new issue data, collateral performance, origination year, tranche type, original credit ratings, weighted-average life, cash flows, spreads derived from broker quotes, bid side prices, spreads to daily updated swaps curves, TRACE reports

Other asset-backed		$1,955	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, spread matrix priced to swap curves, price quotes from market makers	Spreads to daily updated swap curves, spreads derived from trade prices and broker quotes, bid side prices, new issue data, collateral performance, analysis of prepayment speeds, cash flows, collateral loss analytics, historical issue analysis, trade data from market makers, TRACE reports

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•

Internal models:

A portion of our U.S. corporate and non-U.S. corporate securities are valued using internal models. The fair value of these fixed maturity securities was $1,678 million and $999 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2022. Internally modeled securities are primarily private fixed maturity securities where we use market observable inputs such as an interest rate yield curve, published credit spreads for similar securities based on the external ratings of the instrument and related industry sector of the issuer. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps and liquidity premiums are established using inputs from market participants.

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active.

Short-term investments.

The fair value of short-term investments classified as Level 2 is determined after considering prices obtained by pricing services.

Level 3 measurements

Fixed maturity securities

•

Broker quotes:

A portion of our state and political subdivisions, non-U.S. government, U.S. corporate, non-U.S. corporate, residential mortgage-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are valued using broker quotes. Broker quotes are obtained from third-party providers that have current market knowledge to provide a reasonable price for securities not routinely priced by pricing services. Brokers utilized for valuation of assets are reviewed annually. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced by broker quotes was $269 million as of March 31, 2022.

•

Internal models:

A portion of our state and political subdivisions, U.S. corporate, non-U.S. corporate, residential mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are valued using internal models. The primary inputs to the valuation of the bond population include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, duration, call provisions, issuer rating, benchmark yields and credit spreads. Certain private fixed maturity securities are valued using an internal model using market observable inputs such as the interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar securities, which includes significant unobservable inputs. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps are established using inputs from market participants. For structured securities, the primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, weighted-average coupon, weighted-average maturity, issuer rating, structure of the security, expected prepayment speeds and volumes, collateral type, current and forecasted loss severity, average delinquency rates, vintage of the loans, geographic region, debt service coverage ratios, payment priority with the tranche, benchmark yields and credit spreads. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced using internal models was $3,260 million as of March 31, 2022.

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation include broker quotes where the underlying inputs are unobservable and for internal models, structure of the security and issuer rating.

Limited partnerships.

The fair value of limited partnerships classified as Level 3 is determined based on third-party valuation sources that utilize unobservable inputs, such as a reference to public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies or assets, discounted cash flows and/or recent transactions.

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Net asset value

Limited partnerships.

Limited partnerships are valued based on comparable market transactions, discounted future cash flows, quoted market prices and/or estimates using the most recent data available for the underlying instrument. We utilize the net asset value (“NAV”) from the underlying fund statements as a practical expedient for fair value.

Derivatives

We consider counterparty collateral arrangements and rights of set-off when evaluating our net credit risk exposure to our derivative counterparties. Accordingly, we are permitted to include consideration of these arrangements when determining whether any incremental adjustment should be made for both the counterparty’s and our non-performance risk in measuring fair value for our derivative instruments. As a result of these counterparty arrangements, we determined that any adjustment for credit risk would not be material and we have not recorded any incremental adjustment for our non-performance risk or the non-performance risk of the derivative counterparty for our derivative assets or liabilities.

Interest rate swaps.

The valuation of interest rate swaps is determined using an income approach. The primary input into the valuation represents the forward interest rate swap curve, which is generally considered an observable input, and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2. For certain interest rate swaps, the inputs into the valuation also include the total returns of certain bonds that would primarily be considered an observable input and result in the derivative being classified as Level 2.

Foreign currency swaps.

The valuation of foreign currency swaps is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent the forward interest rate swap curve and foreign currency exchange rates, both of which are considered observable inputs, and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2.

Equity index options.

We have equity index options associated with various equity indices. The valuation of equity index options is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent forward interest rates, equity index volatility, equity index and time value component associated with the optionality in the derivative. The equity index volatility surface is determined based on market information that is not readily observable and is developed based upon inputs received from several third-party sources. Accordingly, these options are classified as Level 3. As of March 31, 2022, a significant increase (decrease) in the equity index volatility discussed above would have resulted in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.

Financial futures.

The fair value of financial futures is based on the closing exchange prices. Accordingly, these financial futures are classified as Level 1. The period end valuation is zero as a result of settling the margins on these contracts on a daily basis.

Other foreign currency contracts.

We have certain foreign currency options classified as other foreign currency contracts. The valuation of foreign currency options is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent the forward interest rate swap curve, foreign currency exchange rates, forward interest rate, foreign currency exchange rate volatility and time value component associated with the optionality in the derivative, which are generally considered observable inputs and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2. We also have foreign currency forward contracts where the valuation is determined using

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an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent the forward foreign currency exchange rates, which are generally considered observable inputs and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2.

GMWB embedded derivatives

We are required to bifurcate an embedded derivative for certain features associated with annuity products and related reinsurance agreements where we provide a GMWB to the policyholder and are required to record the GMWB embedded derivative at fair value. The valuation of our GMWB embedded derivative is based on an income approach that incorporates inputs such as forward interest rates, equity index volatility, equity index and fund correlation, and policyholder assumptions such as utilization, lapse and mortality. We determine fair value using an internal model based on the various inputs noted above.

Non-performance risk is integrated into the discount rate used to value GMWB liabilities. Our discount rate used to determine fair value of our GMWB liabilities includes market credit spreads above U.S. Treasury rates to reflect an adjustment for the non-performance risk of the GMWB liabilities. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the impact of non-performance risk resulted in a lower fair value of our GMWB liabilities of $42 million and $49 million, respectively.

We classify the GMWB valuation as Level 3 based on having significant unobservable inputs, with equity index volatility and non-performance risk being considered the more significant unobservable inputs. As equity index volatility increases, the fair value of the GMWB liabilities will increase. Any increase in non-performance risk would increase the discount rate and would decrease the fair value of the GMWB liability. Additionally, we consider lapse and utilization assumptions to be significant unobservable inputs. An increase in our lapse assumption would decrease the fair value of the GMWB liability, whereas an increase in our utilization rate would increase the fair value. As of March 31, 2022, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives

We have fixed indexed annuity products where interest is

credited

to the policyholder’s account balance based on equity index changes. This feature is required to be bifurcated as an embedded derivative and recorded at fair value. Fair value is determined using an income approach where the present value of the excess cash flows above the guaranteed cash flows is used to determine the value attributed to the equity index feature. The inputs used in determining the fair value include policyholder behavior (lapses and withdrawals), near-term equity index volatility, expected future interest credited, forward interest rates and an adjustment to the discount rate to incorporate non-performance risk and risk margins. As a result of our assumptions for policyholder behavior and expected future interest credited being considered significant unobservable inputs, we classify these instruments as Level 3. As lapses and withdrawals increase, the value of our embedded derivative liability will decrease. As expected future interest credited decreases, the value of our embedded derivative liability will decrease. As of March 31, 2022, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

Indexed universal life embedded derivatives

We have indexed universal life insurance products where interest is credited to the policyholder’s account balance based on equity index changes. This feature is required to be bifurcated as an embedded derivative and recorded at fair value. Fair value is determined using an income approach where the present value of the excess cash flows above the guaranteed cash flows is used to determine the value attributed to the equity index feature.

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The inputs used in determining the fair value include policyholder behavior (lapses and withdrawals), near-term equity index volatility, expected future interest credited, forward interest rates and an adjustment to the discount rate to incorporate non-performance risk and risk margins. As a result of our assumptions for policyholder behavior and expected future interest credited being considered significant unobservable inputs, we classify these instruments as Level 3. As lapses and withdrawals increase, the value of our embedded derivative liability will decrease. As expected future interest credited decreases, the value of our embedded derivative liability will decrease. As of March 31, 2022, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

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The following tables set forth our assets by class of instrument that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		NAV (1)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	4,097	$	—	$	4,097	$	—	$	—
State and political subdivisions		3,134		—		3,063		71		—
Non-U.S. government		784		—		783		1		—
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,634		—		3,722		912		—
Energy		2,699		—		2,627		72		—
Finance and insurance		8,229		—		7,553		676		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		5,488		—		5,396		92		—
Technology and communications		3,497		—		3,469		28		—
Industrial		1,348		—		1,313		35		—
Capital goods		2,512		—		2,471		41		—
Consumer—cyclical		1,767		—		1,640		127		—
Transportation		1,248		—		1,184		64		—
Other		401		—		179		222		—

Total U.S. corporate		31,823		—		29,554		2,269		—

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		878		—		544		334		—
Energy		1,241		—		1,103		138		—
Finance and insurance		2,191		—		2,048		143		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		671		—		611		60		—
Technology and communications		1,099		—		1,072		27		—
Industrial		953		—		879		74		—
Capital goods		619		—		487		132		—
Consumer—cyclical		312		—		226		86		—
Transportation		423		—		401		22		—
Other		1,066		—		1,042		24		—

Total non-U.S. corporate		9,453		—		8,413		1,040		—

Residential mortgage-backed		1,320		—		1,287		33		—
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,361		—		2,346		15		—
Other asset-backed		2,055		—		1,955		100		—

Total fixed maturity securities		55,027		—		51,498		3,529		—

Equity securities		230		137		57		36		—
Limited partnerships		1,558		—		—		26		1,532
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Interest rate swaps		162		—		162		—		—
Foreign currency swaps		5		—		5		—		—
Equity index options		30		—		—		30		—

Total derivative assets		197		—		167		30		—

Short-term investments		76		—		76		—		—

Total other invested assets		273		—		243		30		—

Reinsurance recoverable (2)		17		—		—		17		—
Separate account assets		5,530		5,530		—		—		—

Total assets	$	62,635	$	5,667	$	51,798	$	3,638	$	1,532

(1)	Limited partnerships that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy.

(2)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with the reinsured portion of our GMWB liabilities.

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	December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		NAV (1)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	4,552	$	—	$	4,552	$	—	$	—
State and political subdivisions		3,450		—		3,368		82		—
Non-U.S. government		835		—		833		2		—
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		5,104		—		4,154		950		—
Energy		2,934		—		2,858		76		—
Finance and insurance		8,991		—		8,306		685		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		6,159		—		6,055		104		—
Technology and communications		3,808		—		3,779		29		—
Industrial		1,494		—		1,457		37		—
Capital goods		2,745		—		2,700		45		—
Consumer—cyclical		1,899		—		1,762		137		—
Transportation		1,371		—		1,307		64		—
Other		419		—		165		254		—

Total U.S. corporate		34,924		—		32,543		2,381		—

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		928		—		583		345		—
Energy		1,383		—		1,238		145		—
Finance and insurance		2,432		—		2,272		160		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		743		—		680		63		—
Technology and communications		1,250		—		1,222		28		—
Industrial		1,047		—		954		93		—
Capital goods		705		—		532		173		—
Consumer—cyclical		341		—		265		76		—
Transportation		489		—		436		53		—
Other		1,217		—		1,191		26		—

Total non-U.S. corporate		10,535		—		9,373		1,162		—

Residential mortgage-backed		1,440		—		1,413		27		—
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,584		—		2,568		16		—
Other asset-backed		2,160		—		2,022		138		—

Total fixed maturity securities		60,480		—		56,672		3,808		—

Equity securities		198		101		60		37		—
Limited partnerships		1,462		—		—		26		1,436
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Interest rate swaps		364		—		364		—		—
Foreign currency swaps		6		—		6		—		—
Equity index options		42		—		—		42		—
Other foreign currency contracts		2		—		2		—		—

Total derivative assets		414		—		372		42		—

Short-term investments		26		—		26		—		—

Total other invested assets		440		—		398		42		—

Reinsurance recoverable (2)		19		—		—		19		—
Separate account assets		6,066		6,066		—		—		—

Total assets	$	68,665	$	6,167	$	57,130	$	3,932	$	1,436

(1)	Limited partnerships that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy.

(2)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with the reinsured portion of our GMWB liabilities.

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The following tables present additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value as of or for the dates indicated:


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2022		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)																					Ending balance as of March 31, 2022		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2022		Included in net income			Included in OCI			Purchases		Sales			Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1 )			Ending balance as of March 31, 2022		Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
State and political subdivisions	$	82	$	1		$	(12	)	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	71	$	1		$	(12	)
Non-U.S. government		2		—			—			—		(1	)		—		—			—		—			1		—			—
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		950		—			(73	)		35		—			—		—			—		—			912		—			(73	)
Energy		76		—			(4	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			72		—			(4	)
Finance and insurance		685		—			(56	)		66		—			—		(2	)		—		(17	)		676		—			(55	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		104		—			(5	)		—		—			—		(7	)		—		—			92		—			(6	)
Technology and communications		29		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			28		—			(1	)
Industrial		37		—			(2	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			35		—			(2	)
Capital goods		45		—			(4	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			41		—			(3	)
Consumer—cyclical		137		—			(8	)		—		—			—		(2	)		—		—			127		—			(8	)
Transportation		64		—			(3	)		5		—			—		(2	)		—		—			64		—			(3	)
Other		254		—			(11	)		—		—			—		(4	)		—		(17	)		222		—			(10	)

Total U.S. corporate		2,381		—			(167	)		106		—			—		(17	)		—		(34	)		2,269		—			(165	)

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		345		—			(21	)		10		—			—		—			—		—			334		—			(21	)
Energy		145		—			(7	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			138		—			(7	)
Finance and insurance		160		1			(18	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			143		1			(18	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		63		—			(3	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			60		—			(3	)
Technology and communications		28		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			27		—			(1	)
Industrial		93		—			(6	)		—		—			—		—			—		(13	)		74		—			(4	)
Capital goods		173		—			(8	)		—		—			—		(33	)		—		—			132		—			(8	)
Consumer—cyclical		76		—			(7	)		—		—			—		—			17		—			86		—			(7	)
Transportation		53		—			(2	)		—		—			—		(29	)		—		—			22		—			(2	)
Other		26		—			(2	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			24		—			(2	)

Total non-U.S. corporate		1,162		1			(75	)		10		—			—		(62	)		17		(13	)		1,040		1			(73	)

Residential mortgage-backed		27		—			(1	)		9		—			—		(1	)		4		(5	)		33		—			—
Commercial mortgage-backed		16		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			15		—			(1	)
Other asset-backed		138		—			(7	)		6		—			—		(3	)		—		(34	)		100		—			(5	)

Total fixed maturity securities		3,808		2			(263	)		131		(1	)		—		(83	)		21		(86	)		3,529		2			(256	)

Equity securities		37		—			—			—		—			—		—			—		(1	)		36		—			—
Limited partnerships		26		—			—			—		—			—		—			—		—			26		—			—
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Equity index options		42		(6	)		—			5		—			—		(11	)		—		—			30		(3	)		—

Total derivative assets		42		(6	)		—			5		—			—		(11	)		—		—			30		(3	)		—

Total other invested assets		42		(6	)		—			5		—			—		(11	)		—		—			30		(3	)		—

Reinsurance recoverable (2)		19		(2	)		—			—		—			—		—			—		—			17		(2	)		—

Total Level 3 assets	$	3,932	$	(6	)	$	(263	)	$	136	$	(1	)	$	—	$	(94	)	$	21	$	(87	)	$	3,638	$	(3	)	$	(256	)

(1)

The transfers into and out of Level 3 for fixed maturity securities were related to changes in the primary pricing source and changes in the observability of external information used in determining the fair value, such as external ratings or credit spreads, as well as changes in the industry sectors assigned to specific securities.

(2)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with the reinsured portion of our GMWB liabilities.

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	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)																					Ending balance as of March 31, 2021		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021		Included in net income			Included in OCI			Purchases		Sales			Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of March 31, 2021		Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
State and political subdivisions	$	66	$	1		$	1		$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	68	$	1		$	1
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		842		—			(30	)		8		—			—		(13	)		—		(14	)		793		—			(29	)
Energy		128		—			(4	)		—		—			—		(2	)		—		—			122		—			(4	)
Finance and insurance		607		—			(22	)		18		—			—		(17	)		17		(6	)		597		—			(22	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		109		—			(3	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			106		—			(3	)
Technology and communications		47		—			(2	)		12		—			—		—			4		(21	)		40		—			(2	)
Industrial		40		—			—			—		—			—		(20	)		—		—			20		—			—
Capital goods		60		—			(2	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			58		—			(2	)
Consumer—cyclical		150		—			(2	)		—		—			—		(1	)		—		—			147		—			(2	)
Transportation		70		—			(1	)		—		—			—		(2	)		—		—			67		—			(1	)
Other		219		—			(2	)		—		—			—		(3	)		6		(20	)		200		—			(1	)

Total U.S. corporate		2,272		—			(68	)		38		—			—		(58	)		27		(61	)		2,150		—			(66	)

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		352		—			(7	)		30		—			—		—			—		—			375		—			(7	)
Energy		245		—			(2	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			243		—			(2	)
Finance and insurance		305		1			(16	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			290		1			(16	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		67		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			66		—			(1	)
Technology and communications		28		—			—			—		—			—		—			—		—			28		—			—
Industrial		95		—			(2	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			93		—			(2	)
Capital goods		178		—			(3	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			175		—			(3	)
Consumer—cyclical		146		—			(2	)		16		—			—		—			—		(16	)		144		—			(2	)
Transportation		109		—			(1	)		—		—			—		(19	)		—		(7	)		82		—			(1	)
Other		83		—			(2	)		—		—			—		(1	)		—		—			80		—			(2	)

Total non-U.S. corporate		1,608		1			(36	)		46		—			—		(20	)		—		(23	)		1,576		1			(36	)

Residential mortgage-backed		14		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			13		—			—
Commercial mortgage-backed		20		—			(1	)		—		—			—		—			—		—			19		—			(2	)
Other asset-backed		109		—			—			3		—			—		(4	)		2		(14	)		96		—			—

Total fixed maturity securities		4,089		2			(105	)		87		—			—		(82	)		29		(98	)		3,922		2			(103	)

Equity securities		51		—			—			—		(8	)		—		—			—		—			43		—			—
Limited partnerships		17		—			—			8		—			—		—			—		—			25		—			—
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Equity index options		63		3			—			5		—			—		(18	)		—		—			53		2			—

Total derivative assets		63		3			—			5		—			—		(18	)		—		—			53		2			—

Total other invested assets		63		3			—			5		—			—		(18	)		—		—			53		2			—

Reinsurance recoverable (2)		26		(8	)		—			—		—			—		—			—		—			18		(8	)		—

Total Level 3 assets	$	4,246	$	(3	)	$	(105	)	$	100	$	(8	)	$	—	$	(100	)	$	29	$	(98	)	$	4,061	$	(4	)	$	(103	)

(1)

(2)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with the reinsured portion of our GMWB liabilities.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gains and losses included in net income from assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value and the related income statement line item in which these gains and losses were presented for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income:
Net investment income	$	2		$	2
Net investment gains (losses)		(8	)		(5	)

Total	$	(6	)	$	(3	)


Net gains (losses) included in net income attributable to assets still held:
Net investment income	$	2		$	2
Net investment gains (losses)		(5	)		(6	)

Total	$	(3	)	$	(4	)

The amount presented for realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income for fixed maturity securities primarily represents amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on certain fixed maturity securities.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used for certain asset fair value measurements that are based on internal models and classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2022:

(Amounts in millions)

Valuation technique

Fair value

Unobservable input

Range

Weighted-average

(1)

Fixed maturity securities:

U.S. corporate:

Utilities

Internal models

880

Credit spreads

49bps - 227bps

148bps

Energy

Internal models

Credit spreads

108bps - 248bps

173bps

Finance and insurance

Internal models

670

Credit spreads

54bps - 218bps

158bps

Consumer—non-cyclical

Internal models

Credit spreads

54bps - 248bps

132bps

Technology and communications

Internal models

Credit spreads

87bps - 162bps

133bps

Industrial

Internal models

Credit spreads

98bps - 203bps

136bps

Capital goods

Internal models

Credit spreads

67bps - 190bps

145bps

Consumer—cyclical

Internal models

127

Credit spreads

85bps - 184bps

137bps

Transportation

Internal models

Credit spreads

32bps - 156bps

103bps

Other

Internal models

158

Credit spreads

90bps - 170bps

109bps

Total U.S. corporate

Internal models

2,140

Credit spreads

32bps - 248bps

146bps

Non-U.S. corporate:

Utilities

Internal models

333

Credit spreads

75bps - 218bps

129bps

Energy

Internal models

129

Credit spreads

83bps - 203bps

138bps

Finance and insurance

Internal models

143

Credit spreads

88bps - 150bps

135bps

Consumer—non-cyclical

Internal models

Credit spreads

54bps - 154bps

103bps

Technology and communications

Internal models

Credit spreads

83bps - 139bps

108bps

Industrial

Internal models

Credit spreads

67bps - 182bps

113bps

Capital goods

Internal models

132

Credit spreads

54bps - 236bps

137bps

Consumer—cyclical

Internal models

Credit spreads

98bps - 203bps

137bps

Transportation

Internal models

Credit spreads

126bps - 203bps

141bps

Other

Internal models

Credit spreads

55bps - 130bps

106bps

Total non-U.S. corporate

Internal models

998

Credit spreads

54bps - 236bps

129bps

Derivative assets:

Equity index options

Discounted cash flows

Equity index
volatility

6% - 56%

21%

(1)	Unobservable inputs weighted by the relative fair value of the associated instrument for fixed maturity securities and by notional for derivative assets.

Certain classes of instruments classified as Level 3 are excluded above as a result of not being material or due to limitations in being able to obtain the underlying inputs used by certain third-party sources, such as broker quotes, used as an input in determining fair value.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth our liabilities by class of instrument that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities
Policyholder account balances:
GMWB embedded derivatives (1)	$	243	$	—	$	—	$	243
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		261		—		—		261
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		21		—		—		21

Total policyholder account balances		525		—		—		525

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate swaps		76		—		76		—
Foreign currency swaps		1		—		1		—

Total derivative liabilities		77		—		77		—

Total liabilities	$	602	$	—	$	77	$	525

(1)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance.


	December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities
Policyholder account balances:
GMWB embedded derivatives (1)	$	271	$	—	$	—	$	271
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		294		—		—		294
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		25		—		—		25

Total policyholder account balances		590		—		—		590

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate swaps		26		—		26		—

Total derivative liabilities		26		—		26		—

Total liabilities	$	616	$	—	$	26	$	590

(1)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present additional information about liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value as of or for the dates indicated:


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2022		Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses																			Ending balance as of March 31, 2022		Total (gains) losses attributable to liabilities still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2022		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI		Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3		Transfer out of Level 3			Ending balance as of March 31, 2022		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI
Policyholder account balances:
GMWB embedded derivatives (1)	$	271	$	(34	)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	243	$	(30	)	$	—
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		294		(12	)		—		—		—		—		(20	)		—		(1	)		261		(12	)		—
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		25		(11	)		—		—		—		7		—			—		—			21		(11	)		—

Total policyholder account balances		590		(57	)		—		—		—		13		(20	)		—		(1	)		525		(53	)		—

Total Level 3 liabilities	$	590	$	(57	)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13	$	(20	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	525	$	(53	)	$	—

(1)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance.


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021		Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses																		Ending balance as of March 31, 2021		Total (gains) losses attributable to liabilities still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2021		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI		Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3		Transfer out of Level 3		Ending balance as of March 31, 2021		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI
Policyholder account balances:
GMWB embedded derivatives (1)	$	379	$	(113	)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	272	$	(107	)	$	—
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		399		4			—		—		—		—		(41	)		—		—		362		4			—
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		26		(10	)		—		—		—		7		—			—		—		23		(10	)		—

Total policyholder account balances		804		(119	)		—		—		—		13		(41	)		—		—		657		(113	)		—

Total Level 3 liabilities	$	804	$	(119	)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13	$	(41	)	$	—	$	—	$	657	$	(113	)	$	—

(1)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gains and losses included in net (income) from liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value and the related income statement line item in which these gains and losses were presented for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses included in net (income):
Net investment income	$	—		$	—
Net investment (gains) losses		(57	)		(119	)

Total	$	(57	)	$	(119	)

Total (gains) losses included in net (income) attributable to liabilities still held:
Net investment income	$	—		$	—
Net investment (gains) losses		(53	)		(113	)

Total	$	(53	)	$	(113	)

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements represent the activity that occurred during the period that results in a change of the asset or liability but does not represent changes in fair value for the instruments held at the beginning of the period. Such activity primarily consists of purchases, sales and settlements of fixed maturity and equity securities and purchases, issuances and settlements of derivative instruments.

Issuances presented for GMWB embedded derivative liabilities are characterized as the change in fair value associated with the product fees recognized that are attributed to the embedded derivative to equal the expected future benefit costs upon issuance. Issuances for fixed index annuity and indexed universal life embedded derivative liabilities represent the amount of the premium received that is attributed to the value of the embedded derivative. Settlements of embedded derivatives are characterized as the change in fair value upon exercising the embedded derivative instrument, effectively representing a settlement of the embedded derivative instrument. We have shown these changes in fair value separately based on the classification of this activity as effectively issuing and settling the embedded derivative instrument with all remaining changes in the fair value of these embedded derivative instruments being shown separately in the category labeled “included in net (income)” in the tables presented above.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used for certain liability fair value measurements that are based on internal models and classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2022:

(Amounts in millions)

Valuation technique

Fair value

Unobservable input

Range

Weighted-average

(1)

Policyholder account balances:

Withdrawal
utilization rate

61% - 89%

77%

Lapse rate

2% - 9%

Non-performance risk

(credit spreads)

23bps - 83bps

66bps

GMWB embedded derivatives

(2)

Stochastic cash flow model

$243

Equity index
volatility

18% - 27%

23%

Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives

Option budget method

$261

Expected future
interest credited

—% - 3%

Indexed universal life embedded derivatives

Option budget method

$21

Expected future
interest credited

3% - 12%

(1)	Unobservable inputs weighted by the policyholder account balances associated with the instrument.

(2)	Represents embedded derivatives associated with our GMWB liabilities, excluding the impact of reinsurance. The unobservable inputs associated with GMWB embedded derivatives are not interrelated and therefore, a directional change in one input will not affect the other inputs.

Assets and Liabilities Not Required to Be Carried at Fair Value

Assets and liabilities that are reflected in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value are not included in the following disclosure of fair value. Such items include cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, short-term investments, investment securities, separate accounts, securities held as collateral and derivative instruments. Apart from certain of our borrowings and certain marketable securities, few of the instruments are actively traded and their fair values must often be determined using models. The fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based upon available market information and judgments about the financial instruments, including estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of counterparties. Such estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time our entire holdings of a particular financial instrument, nor do they consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In many cases, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following represents our estimated fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are not required to be carried at fair value as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Commercial mortgage loans, net			(1)	$	6,913	$	6,983	$	—	$	22	$	6,961
Bank loan investments			(1)		381		384		—		—		384
Liabilities:
Long-term borrowings			(1)		1,819		1,587		—		1,587		—
Investment contracts			(1)		8,327		8,582		—		—		8,582
Other firm commitments:
Commitments to fund bank loan investments		108			—		—		—		—		—
Ordinary course of business lending commitments		95			—		—		—		—		—

(1)	These financial instruments do not have notional amounts.


	December 31, 2021
	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Commercial mortgage loans, net			(1)	$	6,830	$	7,224	$	—	$	—	$	7,224
Bank loan investments			(1)		363		370		—		—		370
Liabilities:
Long-term borrowings			(1)		1,899		1,767		—		1,767		—
Investment contracts			(1)		8,657		9,352		—		—		9,352
Other firm commitments:
Commitments to fund bank loan investments		141			—		—		—		—		—
Ordinary course of business lending commitments		125			—		—		—		—		—

(1)	These financial instruments do not have notional amounts.

Assets Measured Using Net Asset Value

Limited partnerships include partnership interests accounted for using NAV per share (or its equivalent) or fair value for those interests considered minor and partnership interests accounted for under the equity method of accounting for those interests exceeding the minor threshold. Our limited partnership interests accounted for using NAV per share (or its equivalent) are generally not redeemable by the investees and generally cannot be sold without approval of the general partner. We receive distributions of income and proceeds from the liquidation of the underlying assets of the investees, which usually takes place in years five to ten of the typical contractual life of ten to 12 years.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the carrying value of limited partnerships and commitments to fund as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		Commitments to fund		Carrying value		Commitments to fund
Limited partnerships accounted for at NAV:
Private equity funds (1)	$	1,405	$	975	$	1,312	$	950
Real estate funds (2)		72		117		67		101
Infrastructure funds (3)		55		13		57		13

Total limited partnerships accounted for at NAV		1,532		1,105		1,436		1,064

Limited partnerships accounted for at fair value		26		1		26		1
Limited partnerships accounted for under equity method of accounting		448		203		437		120
Low-income housing tax credits (4)		1		—		1		—

Total	$	2,007	$	1,309	$	1,900	$	1,185

(1)

This class employs various investment strategies such as leveraged buyout, growth equity, venture capital and mezzanine financing, generally investing in debt or equity positions directly in companies or assets of various sizes across diverse industries globally, primarily concentrated in North America.

(2)	This class invests in real estate in North America, Europe and Asia via direct property ownership, joint ventures, mortgages and investments in debt and equity instruments.

(3)	This class invests in the debt or equity of cash flow generating assets diversified across a variety of industries, including transportation, energy infrastructure, renewable power, social infrastructure, power generation, water, telecommunications and other regulated entities globally.

(4)	Relates to limited partnership investments that invest in affordable housing projects that qualify for the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit and are accounted for using the proportional amortization method.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(7) Liability for Policy and Contract Claims

The following table sets forth changes in our liability for policy and contract claims as of the dates indicated:


	As of or for the three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	11,841		$	11,486
Less reinsurance recoverables		(2,388	)		(2,431	)

Net beginning balance		9,453			9,055

Incurred related to insured events of:
Current year		1,094			1,054
Prior years		(293	)		(229	)

Total incurred		801			825

Paid related to insured events of:
Current year		(202	)		(197	)
Prior years		(675	)		(725	)

Total paid		(877	)		(922	)

Interest on liability for policy and contract claims		103			101

Net ending balance		9,480			9,059
Add reinsurance recoverables		2,353			2,356

Ending balance	$	11,833		$	11,415

The liability for policy and contract claims represents our current best estimate; however, there may be future adjustments to this estimate and related assumptions. Such adjustments, reflecting any variety of new and adverse trends, could be significant, and result in increases in reserves by an amount that could be material to our results of operations and financial condition and liquidity. In addition, loss reserves recorded on new delinquencies in our Enact segment have a high degree of estimation, particularly due to the level of uncertainty regarding whether borrowers in forbearance will ultimately cure or result in a claim payment.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the favorable development of $293 million related to insured events of prior years was primarily attributable to our long-term care insurance business largely related to favorable claim terminations mostly attributable to higher mortality, favorable development on prior year incurred but not reported claims and favorable experience on pending claims that did not become an active claim. COVID-19 significantly increased mortality on our most vulnerable claimants and temporarily decreased the number of new claims submitted. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the balance of incremental claim reserves recorded in connection with changes to claims incidence and mortality experience resulting from COVID-19 was $171 million and $209 million, respectively. During the first quarter of 2022, we reduced our incremental claim reserves associated with insured events of prior years by $38 million as the impacts of COVID-19 lessened.

The favorable development related to insured events of prior years was also attributable to our Enact segment, predominantly associated with a $50 million favorable reserve adjustment in the first quarter of 2022 primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies in 2020 curing at levels above original reserve expectations.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(8) Borrowings

The following table sets forth total long-term borrowings as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Genworth Holdings (1)
4.80% Senior Notes, due 2024	$	200		$	282
6.50% Senior Notes, due 2034		298			298
Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Notes, due 2066		598			598

Subtotal		1,096			1,178
Bond consent fees		(11	)		(12	)
Deferred borrowing charges		(7	)		(7	)

Total Genworth Holdings		1,078			1,159

Enact Holdings
6.50% Senior Notes, due 2025 (2)		750			750
Deferred borrowing charges		(9	)		(10	)

Total Enact Holdings		741			740

Total	$	1,819		$	1,899

(1)

Genworth Holdings has the option to redeem all or a portion of the senior notes at any time with notice to the noteholders at a price equal to the greater of 100% of principal or the sum of the present value of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest discounted at the then-current treasury rate plus an applicable spread.

(2)	Senior notes issued by Enact Holdings, our majority-owned indirect subsidiary, who has the option to redeem the notes in whole or in part at any time prior to February 15, 2025, by paying a make-whole premium plus accrued and unpaid interest.

In the first quarter of 2022, Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its 4.80% senior notes due in 2024 for a pre-tax loss of $3 million and paid accrued interest thereon.

(9) Income Taxes

The reconciliation of the federal statutory tax rate to the effective income tax rate was as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase in rate resulting from:
Tax on income from terminated swaps		2.8			4.1
Other, net		0.5			0.2

Effective rate		24.3	%		25.3	%

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was above the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% largely due to tax expense on forward starting swaps, which are tax effected at

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

35% when amortized into net investment income. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily attributable to lower tax expense on forward starting swaps in relation to pre-tax income in the current year.

(10) Segment Information

We have the following three operating business segments: Enact; U.S. Life Insurance (which includes our long-term care insurance, life insurance and fixed annuities businesses); and Runoff (which includes the results of non-strategic products which have not been actively sold since 2011). In addition to our three operating business segments, we also have Corporate and Other activities which include debt financing expenses that are incurred at the Genworth Holdings level, unallocated corporate income and expenses, eliminations of inter-segment transactions and the results of other businesses that are reported outside of our operating segments, including certain international mortgage insurance businesses and discontinued operations.

We tax our businesses at the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate of 21%. Each segment is then adjusted to reflect the unique tax attributes of that segment, such as permanent differences between U.S. GAAP and tax law. The difference between the consolidated provision for income taxes and the sum of the provision for income taxes in each segment is reflected in Corporate and Other activities.

The annually-determined tax rates and adjustments to each segment’s provision for income taxes are estimates which are subject to review and could change from year to year.

We use the same accounting policies and procedures to measure segment income (loss) and assets as our consolidated net income and assets. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates segment performance and allocates resources on the basis of “adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders.” We define adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders as income (loss) from continuing operations excluding the after-tax effects of income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests, net investment gains (losses), gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items. Initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions are defined as gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of non-recourse funding obligations, early termination fees for other financing restructuring and/or initial gains (losses) on reinsurance restructuring for certain blocks of business. We exclude net investment gains (losses) and infrequent or unusual non-operating items because we do not consider them to be related to the operating performance of our segments and Corporate and Other activities. A component of our net investment gains (losses) is the result of estimated future credit losses, the size and timing of which can vary significantly depending on market credit cycles. In addition, the size and timing of other investment gains (losses) can be subject to our discretion and are influenced by market opportunities, as well as asset-liability matching considerations. Gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions and restructuring costs are also excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders because, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating trends. Infrequent or unusual non-operating items are also excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders if, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating trends.

While some of these items may be significant components of net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted operating

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, and measures that are derived from or incorporate adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, are appropriate measures that are useful to investors because they identify the income (loss) attributable to the ongoing operations of the business. Management also uses adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders as a basis for determining awards and compensation for senior management and to evaluate performance on a basis comparable to that used by analysts. However, the items excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders have occurred in the past and could, and in some cases will, recur in the future. Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders is not a substitute for net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, our definition of adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders may differ from the definitions used by other companies.

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders to adjusted operating income (loss) assume a 21% tax rate and are net of the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests. Net investment gains (losses) are also adjusted for DAC and other intangible amortization and certain benefit reserves.

We repurchased $82 million principal amount of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes due in February 2024 and $146 million principal amount of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes with 2021 maturity dates in the first quarters of 2022 and 2021, respectively, for a pre-tax loss of $3 million and $4 million, respectively. These transactions were excluded from adjusted operating income as they relate to losses on the early extinguishment of debt.

We recorded a pre-tax expense of $21 million in the first quarter of 2021 related to restructuring costs as we continued to evaluate and appropriately size our organizational needs and expenses. There were no infrequent or unusual items excluded from adjusted operating income during the periods presented.

The following is a summary of revenues for our segments and Corporate and Other activities for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Revenues:
Enact segment	$	270		$	288
U.S. Life Insurance segment:
Long-term care insurance		1,109			1,140
Life insurance		339			348
Fixed annuities		116			132

U.S. Life Insurance segment		1,564			1,620

Runoff segment		66			76
Corporate and Other activities		(8	)		1

Total revenues	$	1,892		$	1,985

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The following tables present the reconciliation of net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders to adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders and a summary of adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders for our segments and Corporate and Other activities for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187
Add: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—
Add: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			8

Net income		179			195
Less: income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2	)		21

Income from continuing operations		181			174
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		151			174
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses, net		(28	)		(33	)
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		3			4
Expenses related to restructuring		—			21
Taxes on adjustments		5			2

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	131		$	168


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Enact segment	$	135		$	126
U.S. Life Insurance segment:
Long-term care insurance		59			95
Life insurance		(79	)		(63	)
Fixed annuities		16			30

U.S. Life Insurance segment		(4	)		62

Runoff segment		9			12
Corporate and Other activities		(9	)		(32	)

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	131		$	168

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(Unaudited)

The following is a summary of total assets for our segments and Corporate and Other activities as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Enact segment	$	5,790	$	5,850
U.S. Life Insurance segment		76,482		81,210
Runoff segment		8,960		9,460
Corporate and Other activities		2,255		2,651

Total assets	$	93,487	$	99,171

(11) Commitments and Contingencies

(a) Litigation and Regulatory Matters

We face the risk of litigation and regulatory investigations and actions in the ordinary course of operating our businesses, including the risk of class action lawsuits. Our pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings specific to us and others generally applicable to business practices in the industries in which we operate. In our insurance operations, we are, have been, or may become subject to class actions and individual suits alleging, among other things, issues relating to sales or underwriting practices, increases to in-force long-term care insurance premiums, payment of contingent or other sales commissions, claims payments and procedures, product design, product disclosure, product administration, additional premium charges for premiums paid on a periodic basis, denial or delay of benefits, charging excessive or impermissible fees on products, recommending unsuitable products to customers, our pricing structures and business practices in our mortgage insurance subsidiaries, such as captive reinsurance arrangements with lenders and contract underwriting services, violations of the Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act of 1974 or related state anti-inducement laws, and mortgage insurance policy rescissions and curtailments, and breaching fiduciary or other duties to customers, including but not limited to breach of customer information. Plaintiffs in class action and other lawsuits against us may seek very large or indeterminate amounts which may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. In our investment-related operations, we are subject to litigation involving commercial disputes with counterparties. We are also subject to litigation arising out of our general business activities such as our contractual and employment relationships, post-closing obligations associated with previous dispositions and securities lawsuits. In addition, we are also subject to various regulatory inquiries, such as information requests, subpoenas, books and record examinations and market conduct and financial examinations from state, federal and international regulators and other authorities. A substantial legal liability or a significant regulatory action against us could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, even if we ultimately prevail in the litigation, regulatory action or investigation, we could suffer significant reputational harm, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

In October 2016, Genworth Financial, certain members of its executive management team, including its former and present chief executive officer, and current and former members of its board of directors were named as defendants in a shareholder derivative suit filed by Esther Chopp in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The case is captioned

Chopp v. McInerney, et al

. The complaint alleges that Genworth’s board of directors wrongfully refused plaintiff’s demand to commence litigation on behalf of Genworth and asserts claims for breaches of fiduciary duties, waste, contribution and indemnification, and unjust enrichment concerning

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Genworth’s long-term care insurance reserves and concerning Genworth’s former Australian mortgage insurance business, including our plans for an IPO of the business, and seeks unspecified damages, costs, attorneys’ fees and such equitable relief as the Court may deem proper. We filed a motion to dismiss on November 14, 2016. The action was stayed pending the outcome of the proposed China Oceanwide transaction. On April 6, 2021, Genworth Financial terminated the proposed China Oceanwide transaction, thereby lifting the stay. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

In September 2018, Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company (“GLAIC”), our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia captioned

TVPX ARX INC., as Securities Intermediary for Consolidated Wealth Management, LTD. on behalf of itself and all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

. Plaintiff alleges unlawful and excessive cost of insurance charges were imposed on policyholders. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, alleging that Genworth improperly considered non-mortality factors when calculating cost of insurance rates and failed to decrease cost of insurance charges in light of improved expectations of future mortality, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages, costs, and equitable relief. On October 29, 2018, we filed a motion to enjoin the case in the Middle District of Georgia, and a motion to dismiss and motion to stay in the Eastern District of Virginia. We moved to enjoin the prosecution of the Eastern District of Virginia action on the basis that it involves claims released in a prior nationwide class action settlement (the “McBride settlement”) that was approved by the Middle District of Georgia. Plaintiff filed an amended complaint on November 13, 2018. On December 6, 2018, we moved the Middle District of Georgia for leave to file our counterclaim, which alleges that plaintiff breached the covenant not to sue contained in the prior settlement agreement by filing its current action. On March 15, 2019, the Middle District of Georgia granted our motion to enjoin and denied our motion for leave to file our counterclaim. As such, plaintiff is enjoined from pursuing its class action in the Eastern District of Virginia. On March 29, 2019, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal in the Middle District of Georgia, notifying the Court of its appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit from the order granting our motion to enjoin. On March 29, 2019, we filed our notice of cross-appeal in the Middle District of Georgia, notifying the Court of our cross-appeal to the Eleventh Circuit from the portion of the order denying our motion for leave to file our counterclaim. On April 8, 2019, the Eastern District of Virginia dismissed the case without prejudice, with leave for plaintiff to refile an amended complaint only if a final appellate Court decision vacates the injunction and reverses the Middle District of Georgia’s opinion. On May 21, 2019, plaintiff filed its appeal and memorandum in support in the Eleventh Circuit. We filed our response to plaintiff’s appeal memorandum on July 3, 2019. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument on plaintiff’s appeal and our cross-appeal on April 21, 2020. On May 26, 2020, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the Middle District of Georgia’s order enjoining Plaintiff’s class action and remanded the case back to the Middle District of Georgia for further factual development as to whether Genworth has altered how it calculates or charges cost of insurance since the McBride settlement. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals did not reach a decision on Genworth’s counterclaim. On June 30, 2021, we filed in the Middle District of Georgia our renewed motion to enforce the class action settlement and release, and renewed our motion for leave to file a counterclaim. The briefing on both motions concluded in October 2021. On March 24, 2022, the Court denied our motions. On April 11, 2022, we filed an appeal of the Court’s denial to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. We intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

In September 2018, Genworth Financial, Genworth Holdings, Genworth North America Corporation, Genworth Financial International Holdings, LLC (“GFIH”) and Genworth Life Insurance Company (“GLIC”) were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware captioned

Richard F. Burkhart, William E. Kelly, Richard S. Lavery, Thomas R. Pratt, Gerald Green,

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individually and on behalf of all other persons similarly situated v. Genworth et al

. Plaintiffs allege that GLIC paid dividends to its parent and engaged in certain reinsurance transactions causing it to maintain inadequate capital capable of meeting its obligations to GLIC policyholders and agents. The complaint alleges causes of action for intentional fraudulent transfer and constructive fraudulent transfer, and seeks injunctive relief. We moved to dismiss this action in December 2018. On January 29, 2019, plaintiffs exercised their right to amend their complaint. On March 12, 2019, we moved to dismiss plaintiffs’ amended complaint. On April 26, 2019, plaintiffs filed a memorandum in opposition to our motion to dismiss, which we replied to on June 14, 2019. On August 7, 2019, plaintiffs filed a motion seeking to prevent proceeds that GFIH expected to receive from the then planned sale of its shares in Genworth MI Canada Inc. (“Genworth Canada”) from being transferred out of GFIH. On September 11, 2019, plaintiffs filed a renewed motion seeking the same relief as their August 7, 2019 motion with an exception that allowed GFIH to transfer $450 million of expected proceeds from the sale of Genworth Canada through a dividend to Genworth Holdings to allow the pay-off of a senior secured term loan facility dated March 7, 2018 among Genworth Holdings as the borrower, GFIH as the limited guarantor and the lending parties thereto. Oral arguments on our motion to dismiss and plaintiffs’ motion occurred on October 21, 2019, and plaintiffs’ motion was denied. On January 31, 2020, the Court granted in part our motion to dismiss, dismissing claims relating to $395 million in dividends GLIC paid to its parent from 2012 to 2014 (out of the $410 million in total dividends subject to plaintiffs’ claims). The Court denied the balance of the motion to dismiss leaving a claim relating to $15 million in dividends and unquantified claims relating to the 2016 termination of a reinsurance transaction. On March 27, 2020, we filed our answer to plaintiffs’ amended complaint. On May 26, 2021, the plaintiffs filed a second amended and supplemental class action complaint adding additional factual allegations and three new causes of action. On July 26, 2021, we moved to dismiss the three new causes of action and answered the balance of the second amended and supplemental class action complaint. Plaintiffs filed an opposition to our motion to dismiss on September 30, 2021. The Court heard oral arguments on the motion on December 7, 2021 and ordered each party to file supplemental submissions, which were filed on January 28, 2022. On January 27, 2022, plaintiffs filed a motion for a preliminary injunction seeking to enjoin GFIH from transferring any assets to any affiliate, including paying any dividends to Genworth Holdings and to enjoin Genworth Holdings and Genworth Financial from transferring or distributing any value to Genworth Financial’s shareholders. We intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

On April 6, 2020, GLAIC was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, captioned

Brighton Trustees, LLC, on behalf of and as trustee for Diamond LS Trust; and Bank of Utah, solely as securities intermediary for Diamond LS Trust; on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

. On May 13, 2020, GLAIC was also named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, captioned

Ronald L. Daubenmier, individually and on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

. On June 26, 2020, plaintiffs filed a consent motion to consolidate the two cases. On June 30, 2020, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia issued an order consolidating the Brighton Trustees and Daubenmier cases. On July 17, 2020, the Brighton Trustees and Daubenmier plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint, alleging that GLAIC subjected policyholders to unlawful and excessive increases to cost of insurance charges. The consolidated complaint asserts claims for breach of contract and injunctive relief, and seeks damages in excess of $5 million. The parties participated in a mediation on November 18, 2021. The trial is scheduled to commence on July 8, 2022. On March 25, 2022, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle the action for $25 million, subject to Court approval. We accrued $25 million for this litigation as of March 31, 2022. If the settlement is not approved, we intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

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In January 2021, GLIC and Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York (“GLICNY”) were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia captioned

Judy Halcom, Hugh Penson, Harold Cherry, and Richard Landino, individually, and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life Insurance Company and Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York

. Plaintiffs seek to represent long-term care insurance policyholders, alleging that the defendants made misleading and inadequate disclosures regarding premium increases for long-term care insurance policies. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, conversion, and declaratory and injunctive relief, and seeks damages in excess of $5 million. The trial is scheduled to commence on June 1, 2022. On June 18, 2021, following two days of mediation, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle this matter on a nationwide basis and signed the settlement agreement on August 23, 2021. On August 31, 2021, the Court preliminarily approved the settlement. The final approval hearing occurred on February 9, 2022, and the parties are awaiting the Court’s decision on final approval of the proposed settlement. If the Court approves the settlement, we do not anticipate the result to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial position. If the Court does not approve the final settlement, we intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

In January 2021, GLAIC was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon captioned

Patsy H. McMillan, Individually and On Behalf Of All Others Similarly Situated, v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

. Plaintiff seeks to represent life insurance policyholders, alleging that GLAIC impermissibly calculated cost of insurance rates to be higher than permitted by her policy. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, conversion, and declaratory and injunctive relief, and seeks damages in excess of $5 million. We intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

On August 11, 2021, GLIC and GLICNY received a request for pre-suit mediation related to a potential class action lawsuit that may be brought by five long-term care insurance policyholders, seeking to represent a nationwide class alleging that the defendants made misleading and inadequate disclosures regarding premium increases for long-term care insurance policies. The draft complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, conversion, and declaratory and injunctive relief, and seeks damages in excess of $5

million. Genworth participated in pre-suit mediation in November 2021 and January 2022. On January 15, 2022, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle the dispute on a nationwide basis, subject to the negotiation and execution of a final settlement agreement, and Court approval thereof. On January 28, 2022, the complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia captioned

Fred Haney, Marsha Merrill, Sylvia Swanson, and Alan Wooten, individually, and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life Insurance Company and Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York

. The parties executed a settlement agreement consistent with the agreement in principle signed on January 15, 2022. On May 2, 2022, the Court preliminarily approved the settlement. The final approval hearing is scheduled for November 17, 2022. If the Court approves the settlement, we do not anticipate the result to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial position. If the Court does not approve the final settlement, we intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

At this time we cannot determine or predict the ultimate outcome of any of the pending legal and regulatory matters specifically identified above or the likelihood of potential future legal and regulatory matters against us. Except as disclosed above, we are not able to provide an estimate or range of reasonably possible losses related to these matters. Therefore, we cannot ensure that the current investigations and proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, it is possible that related investigations and proceedings may be commenced in the future, and we could become subject to additional unrelated investigations and lawsuits. Increased regulatory scrutiny and any resulting investigations or proceedings could result in new legal precedents and industry-wide regulations or practices that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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(Unaudited)

(b) Commitments

As of March 31, 2022, we were committed to fund $1,309 million in limited partnership investments, $75 million in U.S. commercial mortgage loan investments and $20 million in private placement investments. As of March 31, 2022, we were also committed to fund $108 million of bank loan investments which had not yet been drawn.

(12) Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables show the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, by component as of and for the periods indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses) (1)			Derivatives qualifying as hedges (2)			Foreign currency translation and other adjustments			Total
Balances as of January 1, 2022	$	1,860		$	2,025		$	(24	)	$	3,861
OCI before reclassifications		(1,057	)		(199	)		(5	)		(1,261	)
Amounts reclassified from (to) OCI		6			(37	)		—			(31	)

Current period OCI		(1,051	)		(236	)		(5	)		(1,292	)

Balances as of March 31, 2022 before noncontrolling interests		809			1,789			(29	)		2,569

Less: change in OCI attributable to noncontrolling interests		(41	)		—			—			(41	)

Balances as of March 31, 2022	$	850		$	1,789		$	(29	)	$	2,610

(1)	Net of adjustments to DAC, present value of future profits, sales inducements and benefit reserves. See note 4 for additional information.

(2)	See note 5 for additional information.


(Amounts in millions)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses) (1)			Derivatives qualifying as hedges (2)			Foreign currency translation and other adjustments			Total
Balances as of January 1, 2021	$	2,214		$	2,211		$	—		$	4,425
OCI before reclassifications		(316	)		(385	)		136			(565	)
Amounts reclassified from (to) OCI		(4	)		(34	)		—			(38	)

Current period OCI		(320	)		(419	)		136			(603	)

Balances as of March 31, 2021 before noncontrolling interests		1,894			1,792			136			3,822

Less: change in OCI attributable to noncontrolling interests		(25	)		—			172			147

Balances as of March 31, 2021	$	1,919		$	1,792		$	(36	)	$	3,675

(1)	Net of adjustments to DAC, present value of future profits, sales inducements and benefit reserves. See note 4 for additional information.

(2)	See note 5 for additional information.

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(Unaudited)

The foreign currency translation and other adjustments balance in the charts above included $(4) million and $(15) million, respectively, net of taxes of $1 million and $4 million, respectively, related to a net unrecognized postretirement benefit obligation as of March 31, 2022 and 2021. The balance also included taxes of $(1) million related to foreign currency translation adjustments as of March 31, 2021.

The following table shows reclassifications in (out) of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, for the periods presented:


	Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)						Affected line item in the consolidated statements of income
	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Net unrealized investment (gains) losses:
Unrealized (gains) losses on investments (1)	$	8		$	(5	)	Net investment (gains) losses
Income taxes		(2	)		1		Provision for income taxes

Total	$	6		$	(4	)

Derivatives qualifying as hedges:
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	(55	)	$	(52	)	Net investment income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets		(2	)		—		Net investment (gains) losses
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		1			—		Interest expense
Foreign currency swaps		(1	)		—		Net investment income
Income taxes		20			18		Provision for income taxes

Total	$	(37	)	$	(34	)

(1)	Amounts exclude adjustments to DAC, present value of future profits, sales inducements and benefit reserves.

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(Unaudited)

(13) Discontinued Operations

On March 3, 2021, we completed a sale of our entire ownership interest of approximately 52% in Genworth Mortgage Insurance Australia Limited (“Genworth Australia”) through an underwriting agreement. We sold our approximately 214.3 million shares of Genworth Australia for AUD2.28 per share and received approximately AUD483 million ($370 million) in net cash proceeds.

A summary of operating results related to Genworth Australia reported as discontinued operations was as follows for the period indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	Three months ended March 31, 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	51
Net investment income		4
Net investment gains (losses)		(5	)

Total revenues		50

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		11
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		7
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		6
Interest expense		1

Total benefits and expenses		25

Income before income taxes and loss on sale (1)		25
Provision for income taxes		7

Income before loss on sale		18
Loss on sale, net of taxes		(3	)

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes		15

Less: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		8

Income from discontinued operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	7

(1)	The three months ended March 31, 2021, includes pre-tax income from discontinued operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders of $13 million.

In addition, we recorded after-tax income (loss) of $(1) and $11 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, associated with refinements to our tax matters agreement liability.

Lifestyle protection insurance

On December 1, 2015, Genworth Financial, through its subsidiaries, completed the sale of its lifestyle protection insurance business to AXA. In 2017, AXA sued us for damages on an indemnity in the 2015 agreement related to alleged remediation it paid to customers who purchased payment protection insurance (“PPI”). On July 20, 2020, we reached a settlement agreement related to losses incurred from mis-selling complaints on policies sold from 1970 through 2004. As part of the settlement agreement, Genworth Holdings

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agreed to make payments for certain PPI mis-selling claims, along with a significant portion of future claims to be invoiced by AXA. Under the settlement agreement, Genworth Holdings issued a secured promissory note to AXA, in which it agreed to make deferred cash payments in two installments in June 2022 and September 2022.

In connection with the Genworth Australia sale, Genworth Holdings made a mandatory principal payment to AXA of approximately £176 million ($245 million) in March 2021. The mandatory payment fully repaid the first installment obligation originally due in June 2022 and partially prepaid the September 2022 installment payment.

On September 21, 2021, Genworth Holdings used a portion of the net proceeds from the minority IPO of Enact Holdings to repay the remaining outstanding balance of the secured promissory note of approximately £215 million ($296 million). As of December 31, 2021, we accrued approximately £22 million ($30

million) of estimated future claims still in process of being invoiced. In February 2022, Genworth Holdings paid AXA

$30

million, which constitutes the majority of the estimated remaining unprocessed claims. We have established our current best estimates for claims still being processed by AXA, as well as other expenses; however, there may be future adjustments to this estimate. If amounts are different from our estimate, it could result in an adjustment to our liability and an additional amount reflected in income (loss) from discontinued operations.

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The following table presents the amounts owed to AXA under the settlement agreement reflected as liabilities related to discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of the periods presented:


(Amounts in millions)	British Pounds						U.S. Dollar
	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Installment payments due to AXA:
June 2022:
Beginning balance	£	—		£	159		$	—		$	217
Prepayments (1)		—			(159	)		—			(217	)

Ending balance		—			—			—			—

September 2022:
Beginning balance		—			187			—			256
Amounts billed as future losses		—			45			—			61
Prepayments (1)		—			(232	)		—			(324	)
Foreign exchange and other		—			—			—			7

Ending balance		—			—			—			—

Total amounts due under the promissory note		—			—			—			—
Future claims:
Estimated beginning balance		22			79			30			108
Plus: Additional amounts invoiced		1			—			1			—
Change in estimated future claims		—			(10	)		—			(14	)
Less: Amounts billed and included as mandatory prepayments		—			(45	)		—			(61	)
Less: Amounts paid		(22	)		(2	)		(30	)		(3	)
Foreign exchange and other		—			—			—			—

Estimated future claims		1			22			1			30

Total amounts due to AXA under the settlement agreement	£	1		£	22		$	1		$	30

(1)

On March 3, 2021, we completed the sale of

Genworth

Australia and received net proceeds of approximately AUD483 million ($370 million). The sale of Genworth Australia resulted in a mandatory principal payment of approximately £176 million ($245 million) related to our outstanding secured promissory note issued to AXA, dated as of July 20, 2020, as amended by the parties in connection with the Genworth Australia sale. On September 21, 2021, we used a portion of the net proceeds from the minority IPO of Enact Holdings to repay the remaining outstanding balance of the secured promissory note of approximately £215 million ($296 million).

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we recorded an after-tax loss from discontinued operations of $1 million in each period, related to the settlement agreement with AXA. In the event AXA recovers amounts from third parties related to the mis-selling losses, including from the distributor responsible for the sale of the policies, we have certain rights to share in those recoveries to recoup payments for the underlying mis-selling losses. As of March 31, 2022, we have not recorded any amounts associated with recoveries from third parties.

In addition to the future claims still being processed under the settlement agreement, we also have an unrelated liability that is owed to AXA associated with a tax gross up on underwriting losses attributable to a product sold by a distributor in our former lifestyle protection insurance business. As of March 31, 2022 and

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(Unaudited)

December 31, 2021, the balance of the liability was $3 million and $4 million,

respectively

, and is included as liabilities related to discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recorded an after-tax loss of $4 million associated with adjustments to an underwriting loss

liability

previously owed to AXA.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein and with our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Genworth,” the “Company,” “we” or “our” herein are to Genworth Financial, Inc. on a consolidated basis. References to “Genworth Financial” refer solely to Genworth Financial, Inc., and not to any of its consolidated subsidiaries.

Cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements

This report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “will,” or words of similar meaning and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the outlook for our future business and financial performance. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements we make relating to future reductions of debt, potential dividends or share repurchases, future Enact Holdings, Inc. (“Enact Holdings”) dividends, the cumulative amount of rate action benefits required for our long-term care insurance business to achieve break-even, future financial performance of our businesses, liquidity and future strategic investments, including new products and services designed to assist individuals with navigating and financing long-term care, and potential third-party relationships or business arrangements relating thereto, as well as statements we make regarding the potential impacts of the coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”). Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions, which are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements due to global political, economic, business, competitive, market, regulatory and other factors and risks, including but not limited to, the following:

•

we may be unable to successfully execute our strategic plans

: to strengthen our financial position and create long-term shareholder value, including with respect to reducing debt of Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth Holdings”); maximizing the value of Enact Holdings; achieving economic breakeven on and stabilizing the legacy long-term care insurance in-force block; advancing our long-term care growth initiatives, including launching either unilaterally or with a strategic partner new product and service offerings designed to assist individuals with navigating and financing long-term care; and returning capital to Genworth Financial shareholders, due to numerous risks and constraints, including but not limited to: Enact Holdings’ ability to pay dividends as a result of the government-sponsored enterprises’ (“GSEs”) amendments to the private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements (“PMIERs”) in response to COVID-19 as well as additional PMIERs requirements or other restrictions that the GSEs may place on the ability of Enact Holdings to pay dividends; an inability to increase the capital needed in our businesses in a timely manner and on anticipated terms, including through improved business performance, reinsurance or similar transactions, asset sales, debt issuances, securities offerings or otherwise, in each case as and when required; our strategic priorities change or become more costly or difficult to successfully achieve than currently anticipated or the benefits achieved being less than anticipated; an inability to identify and contract with a strategic partner regarding a new long-term care insurance business; an inability to establish a new long-term care insurance business or product offerings due to commercial and/or regulatory challenges; an inability to reduce costs proportionate with Genworth’s reduced business activity, including as forecasted and in a timely manner; and adverse tax or accounting charges, including new accounting guidance (that is effective for us on January 1, 2023) related to long-duration insurance contracts;

•

risks relating to estimates, assumptions and valuations

including: inadequate reserves and the need to increase reserves (including as a result of any changes we may make in the future to our assumptions, methodologies or otherwise in connection with periodic or other reviews); risks related to the impact of our annual review of assumptions and methodologies related to our long-term care insurance claim

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reserves and margin reviews, including risks that additional information obtained in the future or other changes to assumptions or methodologies materially affect margins; or other changes to assumptions or methodologies materially affect margins; the inability to accurately estimate the impacts of COVID-19; inaccurate models; the need to increase our reserves as a result of deviations from our estimates and actuarial assumptions or other reasons; accelerated amortization of deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”) and present value of future profits (“PVFP”) (including as a result of any future changes we may make to our assumptions, methodologies or otherwise in connection with periodic or other reviews); adverse impact on our financial results as a result of projected profits followed by projected losses (as is currently the case with our long-term care insurance business); changes in valuation of fixed maturity and equity securities; and the benefits Enact Holdings realizes from its future loss mitigation actions or programs may be limited;

•

liquidity, financial strength and credit ratings, and counterparty and credit risks

including: the impact on Genworth Financial’s and Genworth Holdings’ liquidity caused by the inability to receive dividends or other returns of capital from Enact Holdings, including as a result of COVID-19; limited sources of capital and financing, including under certain conditions we may seek additional capital on unfavorable terms; future adverse rating agency actions against us or Enact Holdings, including with respect to rating downgrades or potential downgrades or being put on review for potential downgrade, all of which could have adverse implications, including with respect to key business relationships, product offerings, business results of operations, financial condition and capital needs, strategic plans, collateral obligations and availability and terms of hedging, reinsurance and borrowings; defaults by counterparties to reinsurance arrangements or derivative instruments; and defaults or other events impacting the value of our invested assets, including but not limited to, our fixed maturity and equity securities, commercial mortgage loans, policy loans and limited partnership investments;

•

risks relating to economic, market and political conditions

including: downturns and volatility in global economies and equity and credit markets, including as a result of inflation and supply chain disruptions, continued labor shortages and other displacements caused by COVID-19; interest rates and changes in rates could adversely affect our business and profitability; deterioration in economic conditions or a decline in home prices or home sales that adversely affect Enact Holdings’ loss experience and/or business levels; political and economic instability or changes in government policies; and fluctuations in international securities markets;

•

regulatory and legal risks

including: extensive regulation of our businesses and changes in applicable laws and regulations (including changes to tax laws and regulations); litigation and regulatory investigations or other actions, including commercial and contractual disputes with counterparties; heightened regulatory restrictions and other insurance, regulatory or corporate law restrictions; the inability to successfully seek in-force rate action increases (including increased premiums and associated benefit reductions) in our long-term care insurance business, including as a result of

COVID-19;

adverse changes in regulatory requirements, including risk-based capital; inability of Enact Holdings to continue to meet the requirements mandated by PMIERs, including as a result of increased delinquencies caused by COVID-19; inability of Enact Holdings’ U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries to meet minimum statutory capital requirements; the influence of Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) and a small number of large mortgage lenders in the U.S. mortgage insurance market and adverse changes to the role or structure of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; adverse changes in regulations affecting Enact Holdings, including any additional restrictions placed on Enact Holdings by government and government-owned enterprises and the GSEs in connection with additional capital transactions; inability to continue to implement actions to mitigate the impact of statutory reserve requirements; changes in accounting and reporting standards, including new accounting guidance (that is effective for us on January 1, 2023) related to long-duration insurance contracts;

•

operational risks

including: the inability to retain, attract and motivate qualified employees or senior management; Enact Holdings’ reliance on, and loss of, key customers or distribution relationships;

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competition with government-owned and government-sponsored enterprises may put Enact Holdings at a competitive disadvantage on pricing and other terms and conditions; the design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting may not prevent all errors, misstatements or misrepresentations; and failure or any compromise of the security of our computer systems, disaster recovery systems, business continuity plans and failures to safeguard or breaches of confidential information;

•

insurance and product-related risks

including: Enact Holdings’ inability to maintain or increase capital in its mortgage insurance subsidiaries in a timely manner; our inability to increase premiums and reduce benefits sufficiently, and in a timely manner, on our in-force long-term care insurance policies, in each case, as currently anticipated and as may be required from time to time in the future (including as a result of a delay or failure to obtain any necessary regulatory approvals, including as a result of COVID-19, or unwillingness or inability of policyholders to pay increased premiums and/or accept reduced benefits), including to offset any negative impact on our long-term care insurance margins; availability, affordability and adequacy of reinsurance to protect us against losses; decreases in the volume of mortgage originations or increases in mortgage insurance cancellations; increases in the use of alternatives to private mortgage insurance and reductions in the level of coverage selected; potential liabilities in connection with Enact Holdings’ U.S. contract underwriting services; Enact Holdings’ delegated underwriting program may subject its mortgage insurance subsidiaries to unanticipated claims; and medical advances, such as genetic research and diagnostic imaging, and related legislation that impact policyholder behavior in ways adverse to us;

•

other general risks

including: the occurrence of natural or man-made disasters, including geopolitical tensions and war, or a public health emergency, including pandemics, could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We provide additional information regarding these risks and uncertainties in our Annual Report on

Form 10-K,

filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 28, 2022. Unlisted factors may present significant additional obstacles to the realization of forward-looking statements. Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, we caution you against relying on any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

Overview

Genworth Financial, through its principal insurance subsidiaries, offers mortgage and long-term care insurance products. Genworth Financial is the parent company of Enact Holdings, a leading provider of private mortgage insurance in the United States through its mortgage insurance subsidiaries. Genworth Financial’s U.S. life insurance subsidiaries offer long-term care insurance and also manage in-force blocks of life insurance and annuity products which are no longer sold.

Enact Holdings is a public company traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market exchange under the ticker symbol “ACT.” Genworth Financial maintains control of Enact Holdings through an indirect majority voting interest and accordingly, Enact Holdings remains a consolidated subsidiary of Genworth Financial. Our Enact segment predominantly includes Enact Holdings and its mortgage insurance subsidiaries. There are minor financial reporting differences between our Enact segment and the standalone financial results of Enact Holdings, which are separately disclosed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Notwithstanding these differences, we commonly make references to “Enact,” our “Enact segment” and “our U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries” throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which generally can be viewed as references to Enact Holdings and its mortgage insurance subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

We report our business results through three operating business segments: Enact; U.S. Life Insurance; and Runoff. We also have Corporate and Other activities. Our U.S. Life Insurance segment includes long-term care

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insurance, life insurance and fixed annuity products. The Runoff segment primarily includes variable annuity, variable life insurance and corporate-owned life insurance products, which have not been actively sold since 2011.

Strategic Update

Genworth is focused on five strategic priorities, including: reducing the debt of Genworth Holdings, the issuer of our outstanding public debt, to approximately $1.0 billion over time; maximizing the value of Enact Holdings; achieving economic breakeven on and stabilizing the legacy long-term care insurance in-force block; advancing Genworth’s long-term care growth initiatives; and returning capital to Genworth Financial shareholders. During the first quarter of 2022, we continued to make meaningful progress on our strategic priorities. Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its February 2024 debt, leaving $200 million outstanding as of March 31, 2022, and we plan to retire the remaining outstanding balance in the third quarter of 2022, depending upon economic and business conditions, among other considerations. If we are able to retire the February 2024 debt in 2022, the remaining debt outstanding at Genworth Holdings will be approximately $900 million, below our target of approximately $1.0 billion.

Stabilizing our U.S. life insurance business continues to be one of Genworth’s long-term goals. Our U.S. life insurance business continued to make strong progress on its multi-year long-term care insurance in-force rate action plan, receiving approvals of approximately $101 million of incremental annual premiums for the three months ended March 31, 2022. In aggregate, we estimate that the cumulative economic benefit of our long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan through the first quarter of 2022 was approximately $20.4 billion, on a net present value basis, of the total expected amount required of $28.7 billion. We continue to work closely with the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) and state regulators to demonstrate the broad-based need for actuarially justified rate increases and associated benefit reductions in order to pay future claims.

Given the significant improvement in the results of operations and financial position of Genworth, including the $2.1 billion of debt reduction in 2021, and the recent approval of an ordinary dividend by Enact Holdings’ board of directors, on May 2, 2022, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which Genworth Financial may repurchase up to $350 million of its outstanding Class A common stock. Repurchases under the authorized program would be funded from holding company capital, as well as future cash flow generation, including expected future dividends from Genworth Financial’s ownership in Enact Holdings. We expect the majority of share repurchases to occur following the repayment of Genworth Holdings’ remaining February 2024 debt. If ultimately successful, this will be the first return of capital to Genworth Financial shareholders in over 13 years.

Financial Strength and Credit Ratings

On March 11, 2022, S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) upgraded the credit rating of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings to “B+” (Speculative) from “B” (Speculative) and maintained a Positive outlook. The ratings upgrade is mostly due to the reduction in Genworth Holdings’ debt and other obligations over the past 12 months, resulting in the Company’s improved financial flexibility and lower liquidity risk. In addition, S&P affirmed its “BBB” (Good) financial strength rating of Enact Mortgage Insurance Corporation (“EMICO”) and maintained a Positive outlook.

There were no other changes in the financial strength ratings of our insurance subsidiaries or the credit ratings of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings subsequent to February 28, 2022, the date we filed our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For additional information regarding the financial strength ratings of Genworth Financial’s insurance subsidiaries and the credit ratings of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings, including their importance to our business, see “Item 1—Ratings” in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Our Financial Information

The financial information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenues and expenses

Our revenues consist primarily of the following:

•

Premiums

. Premiums consist primarily of premiums earned on insurance products for mortgage, long-term care and term life insurance.

•

Net investment income

. Net investment income represents the income earned on our investments. For discussion of the change in net investment income, see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

•

Net investment gains (losses)

. Net investment gains (losses) consist primarily of realized gains and losses from the sale of our investments, credit losses, unrealized and realized gains and losses from our equity securities, limited partnership investments and derivative instruments. For discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

•

Policy fees and other income

. Policy fees and other income consists primarily of fees assessed against policyholder and contractholder account values, surrender charges, cost of insurance assessed on universal and term universal life insurance policies, advisory and administration service fees assessed on investment contractholder account values, broker/dealer commission revenues, fee revenue from contract underwriting services and other fees.

Our expenses consist primarily of the following:

•

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves

. Benefits and other changes in policy reserves consist primarily of benefits paid and reserve activity related to current claims and future policy benefits on insurance and investment products for long-term care insurance, life insurance, accident and health insurance, structured settlements and single premium immediate annuities with life contingencies, and claim costs incurred related to mortgage insurance products.

•

Interest credited

. Interest credited represents interest credited on behalf of policyholder and contractholder general account balances.

•

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals

. Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, represent costs and expenses related to the acquisition and ongoing maintenance of insurance and investment contracts, including commissions, policy issuance expenses and other underwriting and general operating costs. These costs and expenses are net of amounts that are capitalized and deferred, which are costs and expenses that are related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance policies and investment contracts, such as first-year commissions in excess of ultimate renewal commissions and other policy issuance expenses.

•

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles

. Amortization of DAC and intangibles consists primarily of the amortization of acquisition costs that are capitalized, PVFP and capitalized software.

•

Interest expense

. Interest expense represents interest related to our borrowings that are incurred at Genworth Holdings or Enact Holdings, and interest expense related to the Tax Matters Agreement and certain reinsurance arrangements being accounted for as deposits.

•

Income taxes

. We tax our businesses at the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate of 21%. Each segment is then adjusted to reflect the unique tax attributes of that segment, such as permanent differences between U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and tax law. The

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difference between the consolidated provision for income taxes and the sum of the provision for income taxes in each segment is reflected in Corporate and Other activities.

•

Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests

. Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests represents the portion of income from continuing operations in a subsidiary attributable to third parties.

The effective tax rates disclosed herein are calculated using whole numbers. As a result, the percentages shown may differ from an effective tax rate calculated using rounded numbers.

The annually-determined tax rates and adjustments to each segment’s provision for income taxes are estimates which are subject to review and could change from year to year.

We allocate corporate expenses to each of our operating segments using various methodologies, including based on the amount of capital allocated to each operating segment.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following table sets forth the consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,					Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021		2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	931		$	968	$	(37	)	(4	)%
Net investment income		764			801		(37	)	(5	)%
Net investment gains (losses)		28			33		(5	)	(15	)%
Policy fees and other income		169			183		(14	)	(8	)%

Total revenues		1,892			1,985		(93	)	(5	)%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		1,139			1,218		(79	)	(6	)%
Interest credited		125			131		(6	)	(5	)%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		271			275		(4	)	(1	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		92			77		15		19	%
Interest expense		26			51		(25	)	(49	)%

Total benefits and expenses		1,653			1,752		(99	)	(6	)%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		239			233		6		3	%
Provision for income taxes		58			59		(1	)	(2	)%

Income from continuing operations		181			174		7		4	%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2	)		21		(23	)	(110	)%

Net income		179			195		(16	)	(8	)%
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—		30		NM	(1)
Less: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			8		(8	)	(100	)%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187	$	(38	)	(20	)%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	151		$	174	$	(23	)	(13	)%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		(2	)		13		(15	)	(115	)%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187	$	(38	)	(20	)%

(1)	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Unless otherwise stated, all references to net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, adjusted operating income (loss) and adjusted operating income (loss) per share found in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” should be read as net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share, adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders and adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share, respectively.

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Use of non- GAAP measures

Reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted operating income (loss)

We use non-GAAP financial measures entitled “adjusted operating income (loss)” and “adjusted operating income (loss) per share.” Adjusted operating income (loss) per share is derived from adjusted operating income (loss). Our chief operating decision maker evaluates segment performance and allocates resources on the basis of adjusted operating income (loss). We define adjusted operating income (loss) as income (loss) from continuing operations excluding the after-tax effects of income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests, net investment gains (losses), gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items. Initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions are defined as gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of non-recourse funding obligations, early termination fees for other financing restructuring and/or initial gains (losses) on reinsurance restructuring for certain blocks of business. We exclude net investment gains (losses) and infrequent or unusual non-operating items because we do not consider them to be related to the operating performance of our segments and Corporate and Other activities. A component of our net investment gains (losses) is the result of estimated future credit losses, the size and timing of which can vary significantly depending on market credit cycles. In addition, the size and timing of other investment gains (losses) can be subject to our discretion and are influenced by market opportunities, as well as asset-liability matching considerations. Gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, initial gains (losses) on insurance block transactions and restructuring costs are also excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) because, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating trends. Infrequent or unusual non-operating items are also excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) if, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating trends.

While some of these items may be significant components of net income (loss) in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted operating income (loss), and measures that are derived from or incorporate adjusted operating income (loss), including adjusted operating income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis, are appropriate measures that are useful to investors because they identify the income (loss) attributable to the ongoing operations of the business. Management also uses adjusted operating income (loss) as a basis for determining awards and compensation for senior management and to evaluate performance on a basis comparable to that used by analysts. However, the items excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) have occurred in the past and could, and in some cases will, recur in the future. Adjusted operating income (loss) and adjusted operating income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis are not substitutes for net income (loss) or net income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, our definition of adjusted operating income (loss) may differ from the definitions used by other companies.

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to adjusted operating income (loss) assume a 21% tax rate and are net of the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests. Net investment gains (losses) are also adjusted for DAC and other intangible amortization and certain benefit reserves.

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The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to adjusted operating income for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended
	March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	187
Add: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—
Add: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			8

Net income		179			195
Less: income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(2	)		21

Income from continuing operations		181			174
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		151			174
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses, net		(28	)		(33	)
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		3			4
Expenses related to restructuring		—			21
Taxes on adjustments		5			2

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	131		$	168

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Earnings per share

The following table provides basic and diluted earnings per common share for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2022		2021		2022 vs. 2021
Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.30	$	0.35	$	(0.05	)	(14	)%

Diluted	$	0.29	$	0.34	$	(0.05	)	(15	)%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.29	$	0.37	$	(0.08	)	(22	)%

Diluted	$	0.29	$	0.37	$	(0.08	)	(22	)%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.26	$	0.33	$	(0.07	)	(21	)%

Diluted	$	0.25	$	0.33	$	(0.08	)	(24	)%

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		508.3		506.0

Diluted		517.4		513.8

Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding reflect the effects of potentially dilutive securities including stock options, restricted stock units and other equity-based compensation.

The following table presents a summary of adjusted operating income (loss) for our segments and Corporate and Other activities for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Enact segment	$	135		$	126		$	9		7	%
U.S. Life Insurance segment:
Long-term care insurance		59			95			(36	)	(38	)%
Life insurance		(79	)		(63	)		(16	)	(25	)%
Fixed annuities		16			30			(14	)	(47	)%

U.S. Life Insurance segment		(4	)		62			(66	)	(106	)%

Runoff segment		9			12			(3	)	(25	)%
Corporate and Other activities		(9	)		(32	)		23		72	%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	131		$	168		$	(37	)	(22	)%

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Executive Summary of Consolidated Financial Results

Below is an executive summary of our consolidated financial results for the periods indicated. Amounts below are net of taxes, unless otherwise indicated. After-tax amounts assume a tax rate of 21%.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

•

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $149 million and $187 million, respectively, and adjusted operating income was $131 million and $168 million, respectively. Our Enact segment drove our first quarter of 2022 consolidated financial results, reporting $135 million of adjusted operating income, an increase of 7% compared to the first quarter of 2021. Our U.S. Life Insurance segment reported an adjusted operating loss of $4 million in the first quarter of 2022 driven mostly by unfavorable life insurance operating results, which reported an adjusted operating loss of $79 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of 25% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The following is a summary comparison of adjusted operating income (loss) for our segments and Corporate and Other activities:

•

Our Enact segment had adjusted operating income of $135 million and $126 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

•

The increase was primarily attributable to lower losses largely from a favorable reserve adjustment of $40 million in the current year primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies in 2020 curing at levels above original reserve expectations compared to reserve strengthening of $8 million on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies in the prior year, as well as from lower new delinquencies in the current year.

•

These improvements were partially offset by lower premiums and the minority initial public offering (“IPO”) of Enact Holdings that closed in September 2021, which reduced Genworth Financial’s ownership percentage to 81.6% and resulted in lower net income of $30 million in the current year.

•

Our U.S. Life Insurance segment had an adjusted operating loss of $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to adjusted operating income of $62 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

•

Long-term care insurance:

•

Adjusted operating income decreased $36 million primarily from a decrease in claim terminations driven mostly by lower mortality, higher severity and frequency of new claims, less favorable development on incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) claims, lower renewal premiums and lower net investment income.

•

These unfavorable developments were partially offset by higher premiums and reduced benefits of $61 million in the current year from in-force rate actions approved and implemented, which included a net favorable impact from policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement.

•

To account for the change in experience related to mortality and claim incidence due to COVID-19, we increased claim reserves by $76 million in the prior year. In the first quarter of 2022, as the impacts of COVID-19 lessened, we reduced claim reserves by $30 million.

•

Life insurance:

•

The adjusted operating loss increased $16 million mainly attributable to a $20 million legal settlement accrual, partially offset by lower mortality in the current year compared to the prior year.

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•

Fixed annuities:

•

Adjusted operating income decreased $14 million mainly attributable to lower net spreads and lower mortality in our single premium immediate annuities in the current year.

•

Our Runoff segment had adjusted operating income of $9 million and $12 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

•

The decrease was predominantly due to unfavorable equity market performance and higher interest rates resulting in a decline in the average account values of our variable annuity products reducing fee income in the current year.

•

Corporate and Other activities had an adjusted operating loss of $9 million and $32 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

•

The decrease in the loss was primarily related to lower interest expense in the current year.

Significant Developments and Strategic Highlights

The periods under review include, among others, the following significant developments and steps taken in the execution of our strategic priorities.

Enact

•

PMIERs compliance:

•

Enact’s PMIERs sufficiency ratio was 176% or $2,261 million above the published PMIERs requirements as of March 31, 2022.

•

The increase in the PMIERs sufficiency was driven primarily by the completion of two excess of loss reinsurance transactions in the first quarter of 2022, which added approximately $370 million of additional PMIERs capital credit as of March 31, 2022, as well as lapses, business cash flows and lower delinquencies, partially offset by new insurance written and amortization of existing reinsurance transactions.

•

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, Enact’s PMIERs required assets benefited by $272 million and $390 million, respectively, from the application of a 0.30 multiplier applied to the risk-based required asset amount factor for certain non-performing loans.

•

Dividends:

•

Enact Holdings’ board of directors approved the initiation of a quarterly dividend commencing with a dividend of $10.14 per share in the second quarter of 2022.

•

Enact Holdings will continue to evaluate the most appropriate amount of total capital to return to shareholders for the remainder of 2022, which could include a potential special dividend later in 2022 and/or other capital returns to shareholders.

U.S. Life Insurance

•

Long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan:

•

During the first quarter of 2022, we continued to make strong progress on our long-term care insurance in-force rate action plan.

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•

We estimate that the cumulative economic benefit of our long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan through the first quarter of 2022 was approximately $20.4 billion, on a net present value basis, of the total expected amount required of $28.7 billion.

•

We received 38 filing approvals from 15 states during the three months ended March 31, 2022, representing a weighted-average increase of 29% on approximately $354 million in annualized in-force premiums, or approximately $101 million of incremental annual premiums.

•

We expect to begin submitting new filings in the second quarter of 2022.

•

Profits followed by losses in our long-term care insurance business:

•

Future projections in our long-term care insurance block, excluding the acquired block, indicate we have projected profits in earlier periods followed by projected losses in later periods.

•

As a result of this pattern of projected profits followed by projected losses, we will ratably accrue additional future policy benefit reserves over the profitable periods, currently expected to be through 2031, by the amounts necessary to offset estimated losses during the periods that follow.

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As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the total amount accrued for profits followed by losses was $1,473 million and $1,274 million, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

•

Execution of strategic plan to reduce debt maturities:

•

We continue to focus on deleveraging with a goal of reducing debt at Genworth Holdings, the issuer of our outstanding public debt, to approximately $1.0 billion or less over time.

•

As of March 31, 2022, Genworth Holdings had outstanding $1.1 billion of long-term debt, with no debt maturities until February 2024.

•

During the first quarter of 2022, Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its 4.80% senior notes due in February 2024, leaving a remaining balance outstanding of $200 million as of March 31, 2022. We plan to retire the remaining outstanding balance in the third quarter of 2022, depending upon economic and business conditions, among other considerations.

•

Repayment of the majority of AXA S.A.’s (“AXA”) future billings:

•

In connection with the AXA settlement agreement, we agreed to make payments for a significant portion of unprocessed claims to be invoiced by AXA in future periods.

•

In February 2022, Genworth Holdings paid AXA $30 million, which constitutes the majority of the estimated remaining unprocessed claims.

•

Genworth Financial share repurchase program:

•

On May 2, 2022, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which Genworth Financial may repurchase up to $350 million of its outstanding Class A common stock.

Results of Operations and Selected Financial and Operating Performance Measures by Segment

Our chief operating decision maker evaluates segment performance and allocates resources on the basis of adjusted operating income (loss).

Management’s discussion and analysis by segment contains selected operating performance measures including “sales” and “insurance in-force” or “risk in-force” which are commonly used in the insurance industry as measures of operating performance.

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Management regularly monitors and reports sales metrics as a measure of volume of new business generated in a period. Sales refer to new insurance written for mortgage insurance products included in our Enact segment. We consider new insurance written to be a measure of our Enact segment’s operating performance because it represents a measure of new sales of insurance policies during a specified period, rather than a measure of revenues or profitability during that period.

Management regularly monitors and reports insurance in-force and risk in-force for our Enact segment. Insurance in-force is a measure of the aggregate unpaid principal balance as of the respective reporting date for loans insured by our U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries. Risk in-force is based on the coverage percentage applied to the estimated current outstanding loan balance. We consider insurance in-force and risk in-force to be measures of our Enact segment’s operating performance because they represent measures of the size of its business at a specific date which will generate revenues and profits in a future period, rather than measures of its revenues or profitability during that period.

Management regularly monitors and reports a loss ratio for our businesses. For our mortgage insurance businesses included in our Enact segment, the loss ratio is the ratio of benefits and other changes in policy reserves to net earned premiums. For our long-term care insurance business included in our U.S. Life Insurance segment, the loss ratio is the ratio of benefits and other changes in reserves less tabular interest on reserves less loss adjustment expenses to net earned premiums. We consider the loss ratio to be a measure of underwriting performance in these businesses and helps to enhance the understanding of the operating performance of our businesses.

Management also regularly monitors and reports adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders attributable to in-force rate actions in the long-term care insurance business included in our U.S. Life Insurance segment. In-force rate actions include premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions implemented since 2012, which are presented net of estimated premium taxes, commissions, and other expenses on an after-tax basis. Estimates for in-force rate actions reflect certain simplifying assumptions that may vary materially from actual historical results, including but not limited to, a uniform rate of coinsurance and premium taxes in addition to consistent policyholder behavior over time. Actual policyholder behavior may differ significantly from these assumptions. In addition, estimates exclude reserve updates resulting from profits followed by losses. Management considers adjusted operating income attributable to in-force rate actions to be a measure of our operating performance because it helps bring older generation long-term care insurance blocks closer to a break-even point over time and helps bring the loss ratios on newer long-term care insurance blocks back towards their original pricing.

These operating performance measures enable us to compare our operating performance across periods without regard to revenues or profitability related to policies or contracts sold in prior periods or from investments or other sources.

Enact segment

Trends and conditions

Results of our Enact segment are affected primarily by the following factors: competitor actions; unemployment or underemployment levels; other economic and housing market trends, including interest rates, home prices, the number of first-time homebuyers, and mortgage origination volume mix and practices; the levels and aging of mortgage delinquencies; the effect of seasonal variations; the inventory of unsold homes; loan modification and other servicing efforts; and litigation, among other items. References to “Enact” included herein “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Enact segment” are, unless the context otherwise requires, to our Enact segment.

Mortgage origination activity declined during the first quarter of 2022 compared to the fourth quarter of 2021 due to typical seasonal trends and in response to rising mortgage rates that specifically impacted the

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refinance market. This trend is likely to continue as the U.S. Federal Reserve has signaled that it expects to make additional interest rate increases throughout the remainder of 2022. Housing affordability declined nationally as of February 2022 compared to February 2021 due to rising home prices and increasing interest rates, modestly offset by rising median family income according to the National Association of Realtors Housing Affordability Index.

The unemployment rate has continued to decrease since the beginning of COVID-19 and was 3.6% in March 2022. Unemployment is relatively in line with the pre-pandemic level of 3.5% in February 2020 and has steadily decreased from a peak of 14.8% in April 2020. After the continued recovery in the first quarter of 2022, the number of unemployed Americans stands at approximately six million, which is approximately 300,000 higher than in February 2020. Among the unemployed, those on temporary layoff continued to decrease to approximately 800,000 from a peak of 18 million in April 2020, and the number of permanent job losses decreased to approximately one million. In addition, the number of long term unemployed over 26 weeks has continued to decrease since March 2021, falling to approximately one million in March 2022.

In January 2022, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) introduced new upfront fees charged to borrowers for some high-balance and second home loans sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Upfront fees for high-balance loans increased between 0.25% and 0.75%, tiered by loan-to-value ratio. For second home loans, the upfront fees increased between 1.125% and 3.875%, also tiered by loan-to-value ratio. The new pricing framework became effective April 1, 2022. Enact does not anticipate this will significantly impact the private mortgage insurance market or its results of operations, including future growth.

For mortgages insured by the federal government (including those purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac), forbearance allows borrowers impacted by COVID-19 to temporarily suspend mortgage payments up to 18 months subject to certain limits. An initial forbearance period is typically up to six months and can be extended up to another six months if requested by the borrower to their mortgage servicer. For GSE loans in a COVID-19 forbearance plan as of February 28, 2021, the maximum forbearance can be up to 18 months. Currently, the GSEs do not have a deadline for requesting an initial forbearance. Even though most foreclosure moratoriums expired at the end of 2021, federal laws and regulations continue to require servicers to discuss loss mitigation options with borrowers before proceeding with foreclosures. These requirements could further extend the foreclosure timeline which could negatively impact the severity of loss on loans that go to claim.

Although it is difficult to predict the future level of reported forbearance and how many of the policies in a forbearance plan that remain current on their monthly mortgage payment will go delinquent, servicer reported forbearances have generally declined. As of March 31, 2022, approximately 2% or 18,588 of Enact’s active primary policies were reported in a forbearance plan, of which approximately 41% were reported as delinquent.

Total delinquencies decreased during the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021 as a result of cures outpacing new delinquencies. The first quarter 2022 new delinquency rate of 0.9% was in line with Enact’s pre-pandemic levels. Despite continued economic recovery, the full impact of COVID-19 and its adverse economic effects on Enact’s future business results are difficult to predict. Given the maximum length of forbearance plans, the resolution of a delinquency in a plan may not be known for several quarters. Enact continues to monitor regulatory and government actions and the resolution of forbearance delinquencies. While the associated risks have moderated, it is possible that COVID-19 could have a significant adverse impact on Enact’s future results of operations and financial condition.

Private mortgage insurance market penetration and eventual market size are affected in part by actions that impact housing or housing finance policy taken by the GSEs and the U.S. government, including but not limited to, the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”) and the FHFA. In the past, these actions have included announced changes, or potential changes, to underwriting standards, including changes to the GSEs’ automated underwriting systems, FHA pricing, GSE guaranty fees, loan limits and alternative products. On February 25,

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2022, the FHFA finalized the rule for the Enterprise Capital Framework, which included technical corrections to their December 17, 2020 rule. Higher GSE capital requirements could ultimately lead to increased costs to borrowers of GSE loans, which in turn could shift the market away from the GSEs to the FHA or lender portfolios. Such a shift could result in a smaller market for private mortgage insurance.

In conjunction with preparing to release the GSEs from conservatorship, on January 14, 2021, the FHFA and the Treasury Department agreed to amend the Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (“PSPAs”) between the Treasury Department and each of the GSEs to increase the amount of capital each GSE may retain. Among other things, the amendments to the PSPAs limit the number of certain mortgages the GSEs may acquire with two or more prescribed risk factors, including certain mortgages with combined loan-to-value ratios above 90%. However, on September 14, 2021, the FHFA and Treasury Department suspended certain provisions of the amendments to the PSPAs, including the limit on the number of mortgages with two or more risk factors that the GSEs may acquire. Such suspensions terminate on the later of one year after September 14, 2021 or six months after the Treasury Department notifies the GSEs of termination. The limit on the number of mortgages with two or more risk factors was based on the market size at the time, and Enact does not expect any material impact to the private mortgage market in the near term.

New insurance written of $18.8 billion in the first quarter of 2022 decreased 25% compared to the first quarter of 2021 primarily due to a smaller estimated private mortgage insurance market, which was primarily driven by a decline in refinance originations due to rising mortgage rates in the current year.

Enact’s primary persistency increased to 76% during the first quarter of 2022 compared to 56% during the first quarter of 2021 and is approaching its historic norms of approximately 80%. The increase in persistency was primarily driven by a decline in the percentage of in-force policies with mortgage rates above current interest rates. The increase in persistency more than offset the decline in new insurance written in the first quarter of 2022, leading to an increase in insurance in-force of $5.3 billion as compared to December 31, 2021. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, low persistency impacted business performance trends during 2021 in several ways, including but not limited to, accelerating the recognition of earned premiums due to single premium policy cancellations, accelerating the amortization of existing reinsurance transactions and shifting the concentration of Enact’s primary insurance in-force to more recent years of policy origination. As of March 31, 2022, Enact’s primary insurance in-force had approximately 4% concentration in 2014 and prior book years. In contrast, Enact’s 2021 book year represented 38% of its primary insurance in-force concentration while its 2022 book year was 8% as of March 31, 2022.

The U.S. private mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive. Enact Holdings’ market share is influenced by the execution of its go to market strategy, including but not limited to, pricing competitiveness relative to its peers and its selective participation in forward commitment transactions. Enact continues to manage the quality of new business through pricing and its underwriting guidelines, which are modified from time to time when circumstances warrant. The market and underwriting conditions, including the mortgage insurance pricing environment, are within Enact’s risk adjusted return appetite, enabling it to write new business at returns it views as attractive.

Net earned premiums decreased in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021 primarily from the continued lapse of older higher priced policies, a decrease in single premium policy cancellations in the current year and higher ceded premiums due to a higher volume of credit risk transfer transactions, partially offset by insurance in-force growth in the current year. The total number of delinquent loans has declined from the COVID-19 peak in the second quarter of 2020 as borrowers continued to exit forbearance plans and new forbearances declined. During this time and consistent with prior years, servicers continued the practice of remitting premiums during the early stages of default. Additionally, Enact has a business practice of refunding the post-delinquent premiums to the insured party if the delinquent loan goes to claim. Enact records a liability and a reduction to net earned premiums for the post-delinquent premiums it expects to refund. The post-

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delinquent premium liability recorded since the beginning of COVID-19 in the second quarter of 2020 through the first quarter of 2022 was not significant in relation to the change in earned premiums for those periods as a result of the high concentration of new delinquencies being subject to a servicer reported forbearance plan and the lower estimated rate at which delinquencies go to claim for these loans.

Enact’s loss ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was (4)% and 22%, respectively. The decrease was largely from a favorable reserve adjustment of $50 million during the first quarter of 2022 primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 compared to reserve strengthening of $10 million on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies in the first quarter of 2021 and from lower new delinquencies in the current year. During the peak of COVID-19, Enact experienced elevated new delinquencies subject to forbearance plans. Those delinquencies have been curing at levels above Enact’s reserve expectations, which led to the release of reserves in the first quarter of 2022.

Enact’s loss reserves continue to be impacted by COVID-19 and remain subject to uncertainty. Borrowers who have experienced a financial hardship including, but not limited to, the loss of income due to the closing of a business or the loss of a job continue to take advantage of available forbearance programs and payment deferral options. Loss reserves recorded on these new delinquencies have a high degree of estimation due to the level of uncertainty regarding whether delinquencies in forbearance will ultimately cure or result in claim payments. The severity of loss on loans that do go to claim may be negatively impacted by the extended forbearance and foreclosure timelines, the associated elevated expenses and the higher loan amount of the recent new delinquencies. These negative influences on loss severity could be mitigated in part by further home price appreciation. For loans insured on or after October 1, 2014, Enact’s mortgage insurance policies limit the number of months of unpaid interest and associated expenses that are included in the mortgage insurance claim amount to a maximum of 36 months.

New primary delinquencies in the first quarter of 2022 declined compared to the first quarter of 2021. New primary delinquencies of 8,724 contributed $39 million of loss expense in the first quarter of 2022. Enact incurred $44 million of losses from 10,053 new primary delinquencies in the first quarter of 2021 driven primarily by an increase in borrower forbearance as a result of COVID-19. In determining the loss expense estimate, considerations were given to forbearance and non-forbearance delinquencies, recent cure and claim experience and the prevailing economic conditions. Approximately 27% of Enact’s primary new delinquencies in the first quarter of 2022 were subject to a forbearance plan as compared to 54% in the first quarter of 2021.

As of March 31, 2022, EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio under the current regulatory framework as established under North Carolina law and enforced by the North Carolina Department of Insurance (“NCDOI”), EMICO’s domestic insurance regulator, was approximately 12.2:1, compared with a risk-to-capital ratio of 12.3:1 as of December 31, 2021. EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio remains below the NCDOI’s maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25:1. North Carolina’s calculation of risk-to-capital excludes the risk-in-force for delinquent loans given the established loss reserves against all delinquencies. EMICO’s ongoing risk-to-capital ratio will depend on the magnitude of future losses incurred by EMICO, the effectiveness of ongoing loss mitigation activities, new business volume and profitability, the amount of policy lapses and the amount of additional capital that is generated or distributed by the business or capital support provided.

Under PMIERs, Enact is subject to operational and financial requirements that private mortgage insurers must meet in order to remain eligible to insure loans that are purchased by the GSEs. Since 2020, the GSEs have issued several amendments to PMIERs, which implemented both permanent and temporary revisions to PMIERs. For loans that became non-performing due to a COVID-19 hardship, PMIERs was temporarily amended with respect to each non-performing loan that (i) had an initial missed monthly payment occurring on or after March 1, 2020 and prior to April 1, 2021 or (ii) is subject to a forbearance plan granted in response to a financial hardship related to COVID-19, the terms of which are materially consistent with terms of forbearance plans offered by the GSEs. The risk-based required asset amount factor for the non-performing loan is the greater of (a) the applicable risk-based required asset amount factor for a performing loan were it not delinquent, and

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(b) the product of a 0.30 multiplier and the applicable risk-based required asset amount factor for a non-performing loan. In the case of (i) above, absent the loan being subject to a forbearance plan described in (ii) above, the 0.30 multiplier was applicable for no longer than three calendar months beginning with the month in which the loan became a non-performing loan due to having missed two monthly payments. Loans subject to a forbearance plan described in (ii) above include those that are either in a repayment plan or loan modification trial period following the forbearance plan unless reported to the approved insurer that the loan is no longer in such forbearance plan, repayment plan, or loan modification trial period. The PMIERs amendment dated June 30, 2021 further allows loans that enter a forbearance plan due to a COVID-19 hardship on or after April 1, 2021 to remain eligible for extended application of the reduced PMIERs capital factor for as long as the loan remains in forbearance. In addition, the PMIERs amendments imposed permanent revisions to the risk-based required asset amount factor for non-performing loans for properties located in future Federal Emergency Management Agency Declared Major Disaster Areas eligible for individual assistance.

In September 2020, subsequent to the issuance of Enact Holdings’ senior notes due in 2025, the GSEs imposed certain restrictions (the “GSE Restrictions”) with respect to capital on Enact. In May 2021, in connection with their conditional approval of the then potential partial sale of Enact Holdings, the GSEs confirmed the GSE Restrictions will remain in effect until the following collective conditions (“GSE Conditions”) are met: (a) EMICO obtains “BBB+”/“Baa1” (or higher) rating from S&P, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Fitch Ratings, Inc. for two consecutive quarters and (b) Genworth achieves certain financial metrics. Prior to the satisfaction of the GSE Conditions, the GSE Restrictions require:

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EMICO to maintain 120% of PMIERs minimum required assets during 2022 and 125% thereafter;

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Enact Holdings to retain $300 million of its holding company cash that can be drawn down exclusively for its debt service or to contribute to EMICO to meet its regulatory capital needs including PMIERs; and

•

written approval must be received from the GSEs prior to any additional debt issuance by either EMICO or Enact Holdings.

Until the GSE Conditions imposed in connection with the GSE Restrictions are met, Enact Holdings’ liquidity must not fall below 13.5% of its outstanding debt. As of March 31, 2022, after taking into account debt service to date, Enact Holdings must maintain holding company cash of approximately $228 million.

Fannie Mae agreed to reconsider the GSE Restrictions if Genworth Financial were to own 50% or less of Enact Holdings at any point prior to their expiration. Our current plans do not include any additional minority sales resulting in Genworth Financial owning less than 80% of Enact Holdings.

As of March 31, 2022, Enact had estimated available assets of $5,222 million against $2,961 million net required assets under PMIERs compared to available assets of $5,077 million against $3,074 million net required assets as of December 31, 2021. The sufficiency ratio as of March 31, 2022 was 176% or $2,261 million above the published PMIERs requirements, compared to 165% or $2,003 million above the published PMIERs requirements as of December 31, 2021. PMIERs sufficiency is based on the published requirements applicable to private mortgage insurers and does not give effect to the GSE Restrictions imposed on Enact. The increase in the PMIERs sufficiency was driven primarily by the completion of two excess of loss reinsurance transactions in the first quarter of 2022, which added approximately $370 million of additional PMIERs capital credit as of March 31, 2022, as well as lapses, business cash flows and lower delinquencies, partially offset by new insurance written and amortization of existing reinsurance transactions. Enact’s PMIERs required assets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 benefited from the application of a 0.30 multiplier applied to the risk-based required asset amount factor for certain non-performing loans. The application of the 0.30 multiplier to all eligible delinquencies provided $272 million of benefit to Enact’s March 31, 2022 PMIERs required assets compared to $390 million of benefit as of December 31, 2021. These amounts are gross of any incremental reinsurance benefit from the elimination of the 0.30 multiplier.

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On January 27, 2022, Enact executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to approximately $294 million of reinsurance coverage on a portion of the current and expected new insurance written for the 2022 book year, effective January 1, 2022. On March 24, 2022, Enact executed another excess of loss reinsurance transaction with a panel of reinsurers, which provides up to approximately $325 million of reinsurance coverage on a portfolio of existing mortgage insurance policies written from July 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021, effective March 1, 2022. Credit risk transfer transactions provided an aggregate of approximately $1,622 million of PMIERs capital credit as of March 31, 2022. Enact may execute future credit risk transfer transactions to maintain a prudent level of financial flexibility in excess of the PMIERs capital requirements in response to potential changes in performance and PMIERs requirements over time.

On April 26, 2022, Enact Holdings’ board of directors approved the initiation of a dividend program under which it intends to pay a quarterly cash dividend. The inaugural quarterly dividend for the second quarter of 2022 will be $0.14 per share, payable on May 26, 2022 to common shareholders of record on May 9, 2022. Future dividend payments are subject to quarterly review and approval by Enact Holdings’ board of directors and Genworth Financial, and will be targeted to be paid in the third month of each subsequent quarter. In April 2022, EMICO completed a distribution to Enact Holdings that will support its ability to pay a quarterly dividend. Enact Holdings intends to use these proceeds and future EMICO distributions to fund the quarterly dividend as well as to bolster its financial flexibility and return additional capital to shareholders.

Returning capital to shareholders, balanced with Enact Holdings’ growth and risk management priorities, remains a key commitment for Enact Holdings as it looks to enhance shareholder value through time. Enact Holdings believes the initiation of a quarterly dividend reflects meaningful progress towards that goal and continues to evaluate the most appropriate amount of total capital to return to shareholders for the remainder of 2022. Enact Holdings’ ultimate view will be shaped by its capital prioritization framework, including: supporting its existing policyholders; growing its mortgage insurance business; funding attractive new business opportunities; and returning capital to shareholders. Enact Holdings’ total return of capital will also be based on its view of the prevailing and prospective macro-economic conditions, regulatory landscape and business performance. Any future dividends or additional returns of capital will include a proportionate distribution to minority shareholders.

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Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our Enact segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	234		$	252		$	(18	)	(7	)%
Net investment income		35			35			—		—	%
Net investment gains (losses)		—			(1	)		1		100	%
Policy fees and other income		1			2			(1	)	(50	)%

Total revenues		270			288			(18	)	(6	)%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		(10	)		55			(65	)	(118	)%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		54			57			(3	)	(5	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		3			4			(1	)	(25	)%
Interest expense		13			13			—		—	%

Total benefits and expenses		60			129			(69	)	(53	)%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		210			159			51		32	%
Provision for income taxes		45			34			11		32	%

Income from continuing operations		165			125			40		32	%
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			—			30		NM	(1)

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		135			125			10		8	%
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses		—			1			(1	)	(100	)%
Taxes on adjustments		—			—			—		—	%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	135		$	126		$	9		7	%

(1)	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

Adjusted operating income increased primarily attributable to lower losses largely from a favorable reserve adjustment of $40 million in the current year primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies in 2020 curing at levels above original reserve expectations compared to reserve strengthening of $8 million on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies in the prior year, as well as from lower new delinquencies in the current year. These improvements were partially offset by lower premiums and the minority IPO of Enact Holdings that closed in September 2021, which reduced Genworth Financial’s ownership percentage to 81.6% and resulted in lower net income of $30 million in the current year.

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Revenues

Premiums decreased mainly driven by continued lapse of older higher priced policies, lower single premium policy cancellations and higher ceded premiums, partially offset by higher insurance in-force in the current year.

Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves decreased largely from a favorable reserve adjustment of $50 million in the current year primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies in 2020 curing at levels above original reserve expectations compared to reserve strengthening of $10 million on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies in the prior year. Enact also experienced lower new delinquencies in the current year.

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, decreased primarily attributable to lower operating costs in the current year.

Provision for income taxes.

The effective tax rate was 21.6% and 21.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, consistent with the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate.

Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests.

The increase relates to the minority IPO of Enact Holdings on September 16, 2021, which reduced Genworth Financial’s ownership percentage to 81.6%.

Enact selected operating performance measures

Primary Mortgage Insurance

Substantially all of Enact’s policies are primary mortgage insurance, which provides protection on individual loans at specified coverage percentages. Primary mortgage insurance is placed on individual loans at the time of origination and are typically delivered to Enact on a loan-by-loan basis. Primary mortgage insurance can also be delivered to Enact on an aggregated basis, whereby each mortgage in a given loan portfolio is insured in a single transaction after the point of origination.

Pool Mortgage Insurance

Pool mortgage insurance transactions provide coverage on a finite set of individual loans identified by the pool policy. Pool policies contain coverage percentages and provisions limiting the insurer’s obligation to pay claims until a threshold amount is reached (known as a “deductible”) or capping the insurer’s potential aggregate liability for claims payments (known as a “stop loss”) or a combination of both provisions. Pool mortgage insurance is typically used to provide additional credit enhancement for certain secondary market mortgage transactions.

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding Enact as of or for the dates indicated:


	As of or for the three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021		2022 vs. 2021
Primary insurance in-force (1)	$	231,853	$	210,187	$	21,666		10	%
Risk in-force:
Primary	$	58,295	$	52,866	$	5,429		10	%
Pool		97		134		(37	)	(28	)%

Total risk in-force	$	58,392	$	53,000	$	5,392		10	%

New insurance written	$	18,823	$	24,934	$	(6,111	)	(25	)%

(1)	Primary insurance in-force represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance for loans Enact insures. Original loan balances are primarily used to determine premiums.

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Primary insurance in-force and risk in-force

Primary insurance in-force increased largely from new insurance written. In addition, higher persistency led to lower lapses and cancellations in the current year. Primary persistency was 76% and 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Persistency remains slightly below Enact’s historic norms but is trending upward due to the recent rise in interest rates. Total risk in-force increased primarily as a result of higher primary insurance in-force.

New insurance written

New insurance written decreased principally due to a smaller private mortgage insurance available market, which was primarily driven by a decline in refinance originations due to rising interest rates in the current year.

Loss and expense ratios

The following table sets forth the loss and expense ratios for Enact for the dates indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease)
	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease)
	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Loss ratio		(4	)%		22	%		(26	)%
Expense ratio		24	%		24	%		—	%

The loss ratio is the ratio of benefits and other changes in policy reserves to net earned premiums. The expense ratio is the ratio of general expenses to net earned premiums. In Enact, general expenses consist of acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, and amortization of DAC and intangibles.

The loss ratio decreased compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 largely from a favorable reserve adjustment of $50 million in the current year primarily related to COVID-19 delinquencies in 2020 curing at levels above original reserve expectations compared to reserve strengthening of $10 million on pre-COVID-19 delinquencies in the prior year. Enact also experienced lower new delinquencies in the current year. The favorable reserve adjustment reduced the loss ratio by 21 percentage points in the current year.

The expense ratio was flat compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 as lower operating costs were offset by lower premiums in the current year.

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Mortgage insurance loan portfolio

The following table sets forth selected financial information regarding Enact’s loan portfolio as of March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021
Primary insurance in-force by loan-to-value ratio at origination:
95.01% and above	$	36,867	$	33,757
90.01% to 95.00%		96,419		92,124
85.01% to 90.00%		66,226		58,098
85.00% and below		32,341		26,208

Total	$	231,853	$	210,187


Primary risk in-force by loan-to-value ratio at origination:
95.01% and above	$	10,379	$	9,151
90.01% to 95.00%		27,987		26,637
85.01% to 90.00%		16,082		13,997
85.00% and below		3,847		3,081

Total	$	58,295	$	52,866


Primary insurance in-force by FICO (1) score at origination:
Over 760	$	93,222	$	79,285
740-759		36,821		33,607
720-739		32,363		30,295
700-719		27,620		26,309
680-699		21,259		20,777
660-679 (2)		10,805		10,001
640-659		6,188		5,981
620-639		2,774		2,893
<620		801		1,039

Total	$	231,853	$	210,187


Primary risk in-force by FICO score at origination:
Over 760	$	23,326	$	19,829
740-759		9,267		8,442
720-739		8,224		7,715
700-719		6,974		6,678
680-699		5,334		5,231
660-679 (2)		2,715		2,484
640-659		1,550		1,485
620-639		699		734
<620		206		268

Total	$	58,295	$	52,866

(1)	Fair Isaac Company.

(2)	Loans with unknown FICO scores are included in the 660-679 category.

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Delinquent loans

The following table sets forth the number of loans insured, the number of delinquent loans and the delinquency rate for Enact’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2021
Primary insurance:
Insured loans in-force		941,689			937,350			922,186
Delinquent loans		22,571			24,820			41,332
Percentage of delinquent loans (delinquency rate)		2.40	%		2.65	%		4.48	%

Delinquency rates have decreased primarily from a decline in total delinquencies as the economy continues to recover from COVID-19 and as cures outpaced new delinquencies.

The following tables set forth primary delinquencies, direct primary case reserves and risk in-force by aged missed payment status in Enact’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies		Direct case reserves (1)		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less		6,837	$	38	$	359		11	%
4 - 11 payments		6,875		115		392		29	%
12 payments or more		8,859		438		515		85	%

Total		22,571	$	591	$	1,266		47	%


	December 31, 2021
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies		Direct case reserves (1)		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less		6,586	$	35	$	340		10	%
4 - 11 payments		7,360		111		426		26	%
12 payments or more		10,874		460		643		72	%

Total		24,820	$	606	$	1,409		43	%

(1)	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

The increase in reserves as a percentage of risk in-force as of March 31, 2022 was primarily driven by the decrease in delinquent risk in-force mainly due to lower total delinquencies as cures outpaced new delinquencies in the first quarter of 2022. While the number of loans that are delinquent for 12 months or more has decreased since December 31, 2021, it remains elevated compared to pre-COVID-19 levels due in large part to borrowers entering a forbearance plan over a year ago driven by COVID-19. Resolution of a delinquency in a forbearance plan, whether it ultimately results in a cure or a claim, is difficult to estimate and may not be known for several quarters, if not longer. In addition, due to foreclosure moratoriums and the uncertainty around the lack of progression through the foreclosure process, there is still uncertainty around the likelihood and timing of delinquencies going to claim.

Primary insurance delinquency rates differ from region to region in the United States at any one time depending upon economic conditions and cyclical growth patterns. The tables below set forth the dispersion of direct primary case reserves and primary delinquency rates for the 10 largest states and the 10 largest

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Metropolitan Statistical Areas (“MSA”) or Metro Divisions (“MD”) by Enact’s primary risk in-force as of the dates indicated. Delinquency rates are shown by region based upon the location of the underlying property rather than the location of the lender.


	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2022			Percent of direct case reserves as of March 31, 2022 (1)			Delinquency rate as of
	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2022			Percent of direct case reserves as of March 31, 2022 (1)			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2021
By State:
California		11	%		11	%		2.75	%		3.17	%		5.76	%
Texas		8	%		8	%		2.51	%		2.89	%		5.25	%
Florida (2)		7	%		9	%		2.51	%		2.97	%		5.97	%
New York (2)		5	%		12	%		3.51	%		3.80	%		6.36	%
Illinois (2)		5	%		6	%		2.85	%		3.09	%		5.07	%
Michigan		4	%		2	%		1.87	%		1.87	%		2.68	%
Arizona		4	%		2	%		1.92	%		2.31	%		4.06	%
North Carolina		3	%		2	%		1.96	%		2.18	%		3.60	%
Pennsylvania (2)		3	%		3	%		2.30	%		2.38	%		3.83	%
Washington		3	%		3	%		2.68	%		2.98	%		5.47	%

(1)	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

(2)	Jurisdiction predominantly uses a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be complete.


	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2022			Percent of direct case reserves as of March 31, 2022 (1)			Delinquency rate as of
	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2022			Percent of direct case reserves as of March 31, 2022 (1)			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2021
By MSA or MD:
Chicago-Naperville, IL MD		3	%		5	%		3.39	%		3.68	%		6.28	%
Phoenix, AZ MSA		3	%		2	%		1.92	%		2.36	%		4.12	%
New York, NY MD		3	%		8	%		4.68	%		5.32	%		9.56	%
Atlanta, GA MSA		2	%		3	%		2.92	%		3.28	%		6.10	%
Washington-Arlington, DC MD		2	%		2	%		2.50	%		2.96	%		5.84	%
Houston, TX MSA		2	%		3	%		3.20	%		3.61	%		6.89	%
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA MSA		2	%		2	%		3.05	%		3.42	%		6.53	%
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA MD		2	%		3	%		3.22	%		3.95	%		7.30	%
Dallas, TX MD		2	%		2	%		2.04	%		2.31	%		4.59	%
Nassau County, NY MD		2	%		5	%		5.02	%		5.55	%		10.13	%

(1)	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

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The following table sets forth the dispersion of Enact’s direct primary case reserves, primary insurance in-force and risk in-force by year of policy origination, and delinquency rate as of March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	Percent of direct case reserves (1)			Primary insurance in-force		Percent of total			Primary risk in-force		Percent of total			Delinquency rate
Policy Year
2008 and prior		25	%	$	7,723		3	%	$	1,991		3	%		10.41	%
2009 to 2014		5			2,946		1			788		1			5.34	%
2015		5			3,960		2			1,058		2			4.06	%
2016		7			8,076		4			2,147		4			3.48	%
2017		10			8,023		4			2,094		4			4.43	%
2018		12			8,306		4			2,092		4			5.48	%
2019		17			19,609		8			4,935		8			3.44	%
2020		15			65,807		28			16,606		28			1.49	%
2021		4			88,757		38			21,959		38			0.58	%
2022		—			18,646		8			4,625		8			0.04	%

Total portfolio		100	%	$	231,853		100	%	$	58,295		100	%		2.40	%

(1)	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

Loss reserves in policy years 2008 and prior are outsized compared to their representation of risk in-force. The size of these policy years at origination combined with the significant decline in home prices led to significant losses in policy years prior to 2009. Although uncertainty remains with respect to the ultimate losses Enact will experience on these policy years, they have become a smaller percentage of its total mortgage insurance portfolio. The largest portion of loss reserves has shifted to newer book years as a result of COVID-19 given their significant representation of risk in-force. As of March 31, 2022, Enact’s 2015 and newer policy years represented approximately 96% of its primary risk in-force and 70% of its total direct primary case reserves.

U.S. Life Insurance segment

Trends and conditions

Results of our U.S. life insurance businesses depend significantly upon the extent to which our actual future experience is consistent with assumptions and methodologies we have used in calculating our reserves. Many factors can affect the results of our U.S. life insurance businesses. Because these factors are not known in advance, change over time, are difficult to accurately predict and are inherently uncertain, we cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts we will pay for actual claims or the timing of those payments. We will continue to monitor our experience and assumptions closely and make changes to our assumptions and methodologies, as appropriate, for our U.S. life insurance products. Even small changes in assumptions or small deviations of actual experience from assumptions can have, and in the past have had, material impacts on our DAC amortization, reserve levels, results of operations and financial condition.

Our liability for policy and contract claims is reviewed quarterly and we conduct a detailed review of our claim reserve assumptions and methodologies for our long-term care insurance annually typically during the third or fourth quarter of each year. Our liability for future policy benefits is reviewed at least annually as a part of our loss recognition testing typically performed in the third or fourth quarter of each year. As part of loss recognition testing, we also review the recoverability of DAC and PVFP at least annually. In addition, we perform cash flow testing separately for each of our U.S. life insurance companies on a statutory accounting basis annually.

As of December 31, 2021, each of our life insurance subsidiaries exceeded the minimum required risk-based capital (“RBC”) levels in their respective domiciliary state. The consolidated RBC ratio of our U.S. domiciled

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life insurance subsidiaries was approximately 289% as of December 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2022, the consolidated RBC ratio of our U.S. domiciled life insurance subsidiaries increased compared to December 31, 2021 as a result of higher earnings in our long-term care insurance business mainly driven by claim experience and premium rate increases and benefit reductions, including policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement, partially offset by elevated mortality in our life insurance products.

We continue to face challenges in our principal life insurance subsidiaries, particularly those subsidiaries that rely heavily on long-term care insurance in-force rate actions as a source of earnings and capital. We may see variability in statutory results and a decline in the RBC ratios of these subsidiaries given the time lag between the approval of in-force rate actions versus when the benefits from the in-force rate actions (including increased premiums and associated benefit reductions) are fully realized in our financial results. Additionally, the RBC ratio of our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries would be negatively impacted by future increases in our statutory reserves, including results of life mortality, cash flow testing and assumption reviews, particularly in our long-term care insurance business. Future declines in the RBC ratio of our life insurance subsidiaries could result in heightened supervision and regulatory action.

Results of our U.S. life insurance businesses are also impacted by interest rates. Low interest rates put pressure on the profitability and returns of these businesses as higher yielding investments mature and are replaced with lower-yielding investments. We seek to manage the impact of low interest rates through asset-liability management, investment in alternative assets, including limited partnerships, as well as interest rate hedging strategies for a portion of our long-term care insurance product cash flows. Additionally, certain products have implicit and explicit rate guarantees or optionality that are significantly impacted by changes in interest rates. During periods of increasing market interest rates, we may increase crediting rates on in-force universal life insurance and fixed annuity products to remain competitive in the marketplace. In addition, rapidly rising interest rates may cause increased unrealized losses on our investment portfolios, increased policy surrenders, withdrawals from life insurance policies and annuity contracts and requests for policy loans, as policyholders and contractholders shift assets into higher yielding investments. Increases in crediting rates, as well as surrenders and withdrawals, could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, including the requirement to liquidate fixed-income investments in an unrealized loss position to satisfy surrenders or withdrawals. For a further discussion of the impact of interest rates on our U.S. life insurance businesses, see “Item 7A—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our U.S. life insurance businesses have been impacted by COVID-19 as a result of elevated mortality. Our long-term care insurance operating results have been favorably impacted by higher mortality in the first quarter of 2022 and the full year 2021. Conversely, higher mortality rates had unfavorable impacts in our life insurance products and we have observed minimal impact from COVID-19 in our fixed annuity products. While the ongoing impact of COVID-19 is very difficult to predict, the related outcomes and impact on the U.S. life insurance business will depend on the length and severity of the pandemic and shape of the economic recovery. For sensitivities related to lapses and mortality on our U.S. life insurance products, see “Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis— Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We will continue to monitor COVID-19 impacts and evaluate all of our assumptions that may need updating as a result of longer-term trends related to the pandemic.

Long-term care insurance

The long-term profitability of our long-term care insurance business depends upon how our actual experience compares with our valuation assumptions, including but not limited to morbidity, mortality and persistency. If any of our assumptions prove to be inaccurate, our reserves may be inadequate, which in the past has had, and may in the future have, a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and business. Results of our long-term care insurance business are also influenced by our ability to achieve in-force

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rate actions, improve investment yields and manage expenses and reinsurance, among other factors. Changes in regulations or government programs, including long-term care insurance rate action legislation, regulation and/or practices, could also impact our long-term care insurance business either positively or negatively.

In our long-term care insurance products, we have experienced higher mortality during COVID-19 which has had a favorable impact on claim reserves and our operating results. Although it is not our practice to track cause of death for policyholders and claimants, we believe the favorable results of our long-term care insurance business in the first quarter of 2022 as well as in 2021 were likely impacted by COVID-19, but we expect the impacts to be temporary. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased mortality on our most vulnerable claimants, which may reduce mortality rates in future periods as the impacts of the pandemic subside. To account for this change in experience due to COVID-19, we adjusted the mortality assumption in our claim reserves to reflect the risk of lower claim termination rates on remaining claims. As of March 31, 2022, the balance of our incremental claim reserves associated with COVID-19 mortality was $125 million. As COVID-19 continues to develop, short-term mortality experience may fluctuate, and we would decrease the COVID-19 mortality adjustment if we experience lower mortality.

We have also experienced lower new claims incidence in our long-term care insurance business during COVID-19; however, we do not expect this to be permanent but rather a temporary reduction while shelter-in-place and social distancing protocols are in effect and that claims incidence experience will ultimately resemble previous trends. As a result, we strengthened our IBNR claim reserves during COVID-19, and as of March 31, 2022, the balance of IBNR claim reserves due to lower claims incidence was $46 million. New claims incidence remains below pre-pandemic levels and near-term incidence may continue to be impacted by COVID-19. However, pending claims, which are our leading indicator of future incidence, have been trending toward historical levels in recent quarters. In addition, during the pandemic, a larger share of our claimants sought home care instead of facility-based care, and as the pandemic subsides, we have seen that trend reverse. We continue to utilize virtual assessments to assess eligibility for benefits while in-person assessments have been temporarily discontinued during COVID-19. We are reviewing the options to resume in-person assessments, with appropriate protocols in place, while having virtual assessments available for those policyholders who would prefer this option. For claimants without the technology to perform virtual assessments, we have alternate options for gathering information. Our long-term care insurance benefit utilization will be monitored for impact, although it is too early to tell the magnitude and/or direction of that impact.

As a result of the review of our claim reserves completed in prior years, we have been establishing higher claim reserves on new claims, which has negatively impacted earnings and we expect this to continue going forward. Also, average claim reserves for new claims are trending higher over time as the mix of claims continues to evolve, with an increasing number of policies with higher daily benefit amounts and higher inflation factors going on claim. Although new claim counts on our older long-term care insurance blocks of business will continue to decrease as the blocks run off, we are gaining more experience on our larger new blocks of business and expect continued growth in new claims on these blocks as policyholders reach older attained ages with higher likelihood of going on claim.

Given the ongoing challenges in our long-term care insurance business, we continue pursuing initiatives to improve the risk and profitability profile of our business including: premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on our in-force policies; managing expense levels; executing investment strategies targeting higher returns; and enhancing our financial and actuarial analytical capabilities. Executing on our multi-year long-term care insurance in-force rate action plan with premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on our legacy long-term care insurance policies is critical to the business. For an update on in-force rate actions, refer to “Significant Developments and Strategic Highlights—U.S. Life Insurance.”

The approval process for in-force rate actions and the amount and timing of the premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions approved vary by state. In certain states, the decision to approve or disapprove a rate increase can take a significant amount of time, and the approved amount may be phased in over time. After approval, insureds are provided with written notice of the increase and increases are generally applied on the

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insured’s next policy anniversary date. As a result, the benefits of any rate increase are not fully realized until the implementation cycle is complete and are, therefore, expected to be realized over time.

Because obtaining actuarially justified rate increases and associated benefit reductions is important to our ability to pay future claims, we will consider litigation against states that decline to approve those actuarially justified rate increases. In January 2022, we began litigation with two states that have refused to approve actuarially justified rate increases.

In 2019, the NAIC established the Long-Term Care Insurance (EX) Task Force to address efforts to create a national standard for reviewing and approving long-term care insurance rate increase requests. This task force is charged with developing a consistent national approach for reviewing rate increase requests that result in actuarially appropriate increases being granted by the states in a timely manner and eliminates cross-state rate subsidization, among others. In December 2021, the Task Force adopted its framework for multi-state rate review process and shifted its focus to monitoring the impact of this new process on state rate reviews. We are currently evaluating our participation in the multi-state review process for our upcoming filings.

Life insurance

Results of our life insurance business are impacted primarily by mortality, persistency, investment yields, expenses, reinsurance and statutory reserve requirements, among other factors. We no longer solicit sales of traditional life insurance products; however, we continue to service our existing retained and reinsured blocks of business.

Mortality levels may deviate each period from historical trends. Overall mortality experience was lower for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 but higher compared to the fourth quarter of 2021. In our life insurance products, COVID-19 deaths in the first quarter of 2022 were lower than the first quarter of 2021 but higher than the fourth quarter of 2021. We have also experienced higher mortality than our then-current and priced-for assumptions in recent years for our universal life insurance blocks. We have also been experiencing higher mortality related charges resulting from an increase in rates charged by our reinsurance partners reflecting natural block aging and higher mortality compared to expectations.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, we performed our annual review of life insurance assumptions and loss recognition testing. Our review focused on assumptions for mortality, interest rates and persistency, among other assumptions. Our mortality assumption was updated to align with overall pre-COVID-19 experience in later-duration as well as in targeted blocks such as term universal life insurance, conversion policies and post-level term. As of December 31, 2021, the loss recognition testing margin for our term and whole life insurance products was positive and consistent with the 2020 level.

As part of our review in the fourth quarter of 2021, we recorded a $70 million after-tax expense to net income in our universal and term universal life insurance products primarily related to higher pre-COVID-19 mortality experience. In addition, in the first quarter of 2022, we recorded a $19 million after-tax DAC impairment charge related to our universal life insurance products in connection with DAC recoverability testing compared to $32 million after-tax in the fourth quarter of 2021 and $17 million after-tax in the first quarter of 2021.

Our mortality experience for older ages is emerging and we continue to monitor trends in mortality improvement. We will continue to regularly review our mortality assumptions as well as all of our other assumptions in light of emerging experience. We may be required to make further adjustments in the future to our assumptions which could impact our universal and term universal life insurance reserves or the loss recognition testing results of our term life insurance products. Any further materially adverse changes to our assumptions, including mortality, persistency or interest rates, could have a materially negative impact on our results of operations, financial condition and business.

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Compared to 1998 and prior years, we had a significant increase in term life insurance sales between 1999 and 2009, particularly in 1999 and 2000. The blocks of business issued since 2000 vary in size as compared to the large 1999 and 2000 blocks of business. As our large 10- and 15-year level premium period term life insurance policies written in 1999 and 2000 transitioned to their post-level guaranteed premium rate period, we experienced lower persistency compared to our pricing and valuation assumptions which accelerated DAC amortization in previous years. If lapse experience on future 10-, 15- and 20-year level premium period blocks emerges similar to our large 20-year level premium period business written in 1999 and 2000, we would expect volatility in DAC amortization if persistency is lower than original assumptions, which would reduce profitability in our term life insurance products. However, going forward, given our smaller block sizes and reinsurance agreements in place, we would expect the impact to DAC amortization on policies entering the post-level period to be lower than what we experienced in 2019 and 2020. Our 20-year level premium period business written in 2002 will enter its post-level period in 2022 and we could experience elevated DAC amortization during the year if lapses are higher than expected. We have also taken actions to mitigate potentially unfavorable impacts through the use of reinsurance, particularly for certain term life insurance policies issued between 2001 and 2004.

Fixed annuities

Results of our fixed annuities business are affected primarily by investment performance, interest rate levels, the slope of the interest rate yield curve, net interest spreads, equity market conditions, mortality, persistency and expense and commission levels. We no longer solicit sales of traditional fixed annuity products; however, we continue to service our existing retained and reinsured blocks of business.

We monitor and change crediting rates on fixed annuities on a regular basis to maintain spreads and targeted returns, if applicable. However, if interest rates remain at current levels or decrease, we could see declines in spreads which impact the margins on our products, particularly our single premium immediate annuity products. We have previously had premium deficiencies in our single premium immediate annuity products that resulted in the establishment of additional future policy benefit reserves that were reflected as charges to net income. In 2021, the results of our loss recognition testing did not result in a premium deficiency; therefore, our liability for future policy benefits was sufficient. If investment performance deteriorates or interest rates decrease or remain at the current levels for an extended period of time, we could incur additional charges in the future. The impacts of future adverse changes in our assumptions could result in the establishment of additional future policy benefit reserves and would be immediately reflected as a loss if our margin for this block is again reduced below zero. Any favorable variation would result in additional margin and higher income recognized over the remaining duration of the in-force block but would not have an immediate benefit to net income.

For fixed indexed annuities, equity market and interest rate performance and volatility could also result in additional gains or losses, although associated hedging activities are expected to partially mitigate these impacts.

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Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our U.S. Life Insurance segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	695		$	714		$	(19	)	(3	)%
Net investment income		676			716			(40	)	(6	)%
Net investment gains (losses)		56			42			14		33	%
Policy fees and other income		137			148			(11	)	(7	)%

Total revenues		1,564			1,620			(56	)	(3	)%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		1,141			1,155			(14	)	(1	)%
Interest credited		82			90			(8	)	(9	)%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		199			192			7		4	%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		83			68			15		22	%

Total benefits and expenses		1,505			1,505			—		—	%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		59			115			(56	)	(49	)%
Provision for income taxes		20			32			(12	)	(38	)%

Income from continuing operations		39			83			(44	)	(53	)%
Adjustments to income from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses, net (1)		(55	)		(41	)		(14	)	(34	)%
Expenses related to restructuring		—			14			(14	)	(100	)%
Taxes on adjustments		12			6			6		100	%

Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(4	)	$	62		$	(66	)	(106	)%

(1)	For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, net investment (gains) losses were adjusted for DAC and other intangible amortization and certain benefit reserves of $1 million in each period.

The following table sets forth adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders for the businesses included in our U.S. Life Insurance segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Long-term care insurance	$	59		$	95		$	(36	)	(38	)%
Life insurance		(79	)		(63	)		(16	)	(25	)%
Fixed annuities		16			30			(14	)	(47	)%

Total adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(4	)	$	62		$	(66	)	(106	)%

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Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

•

Adjusted operating income in our long-term care insurance business decreased $36 million primarily from a decrease in claim terminations driven mostly by lower mortality, higher severity and frequency of new claims, less favorable development on IBNR claims, lower renewal premiums and lower net investment income. These decreases were partially offset by higher premiums and reduced benefits of $61 million in the current year from in-force rate actions approved and implemented, which included a net favorable impact from policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement. To account for the change in experience related to mortality and claim incidence due to COVID-19, we increased claim reserves by $76 million in the prior year. In the first quarter of 2022, as the impacts of COVID-19 lessened, we reduced claim reserves by $30 million.

•

The adjusted operating loss in our life insurance business increased $16 million mainly attributable to a $20 million legal settlement accrual, partially offset by lower mortality in the current year compared to the prior year.

•

Adjusted operating income in our fixed annuities business decreased $14 million mainly attributable to lower net spreads and lower mortality in our single premium immediate annuities in the current year.

Revenues

Premiums

•

Our long-term care insurance business decreased $25 million primarily driven by lower renewal premiums from policy terminations and policies entering paid-up status, partially offset by $15 million of increased premiums in the current year from in-force rate actions approved and implemented.

•

Our life insurance business increased $6 million primarily driven by lower ceded premiums, partially offset by the continued runoff of our term and whole life insurance products in the current year.

Net investment income

•

Our long-term care insurance business decreased $18 million largely from lower income of $28 million in the current year mostly attributable to limited partnerships and bond calls, partially offset by higher income of $12 million related to U.S. Government Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“TIPS”).

•

Our life insurance business decreased $4 million principally related to lower yields and lower average invested assets in the current year.

•

Our fixed annuities business decreased $18 million largely attributable to lower average invested assets due to block runoff and from lower bond calls in the current year.

Net investment gains (losses).

The increase was largely related to our long-term care insurance business primarily driven by an increase in net realized gains from the sale of investment securities and higher unrealized gains from changes in the fair value of equity securities in the current year.

Policy fees and other income.

The decrease was largely related to our life insurance business driven mostly by the runoff of our in-force blocks in the current year.

Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves

•

Our long-term care insurance business decreased $17 million primarily due to a more favorable impact of $84 million from reduced benefits in the current year related to in-force rate actions approved and

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implemented, which included policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement. To account for the change in experience related to mortality and claim incidence due to COVID-19, we increased claim reserves by $96 million in the prior year. In the first quarter of 2022, as the impacts of COVID-19 lessened, we reduced claim reserves by $38 million. These decreases were partially offset by aging of the in-force block, a decrease in claim terminations driven mostly by lower mortality, higher severity and frequency of new claims, less favorable development on IBNR claims and higher incremental reserves of $25 million recorded in connection with an accrual for profits followed by losses in the current year.

•

Our life insurance business was flat as ceded reinsurance was offset by lower mortality in the current year.

•

Our fixed annuities business increased $3 million principally from lower mortality in our single premium immediate annuities and higher reserves in our fixed indexed annuity products driven by unfavorable equity market changes in the current year compared to a favorable equity market in the prior year.

Interest credited.

The decrease in interest credited was driven by declines of $4 million in both our fixed annuities and life insurance products due to lower average account values from block runoff.

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals

•

Our long-term care insurance business increased $2 million principally related to higher premium taxes, commissions and other expenses of $21 million associated with our in-force rate action plan, which included expenses related to policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement in the current year, partially offset by restructuring costs in the prior year that did not recur and lower operating costs in the current year.

•

Our life insurance business increased $7 million primarily due to a $25 million legal settlement accrual, partially offset by lower reinsurance costs in the current year.

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles

•

Our long-term care insurance business increased $5 million principally from policy terminations and policies entering paid-up status in the current year.

•

Our life insurance business increased $9 million primarily driven by mortality experience in our universal life insurance products.

Provision for income taxes.

The effective tax rate was 33.3% and 27.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to higher tax expense on forward starting swaps, which are tax effected at 35% when amortized into net investment income, in relation to lower pre-tax income in the current year.

U.S. Life Insurance selected operating performance measures

Long-term care insurance

As part of our strategy for our long-term care insurance business, we have been implementing, and expect to continue to pursue, significant premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on older generation blocks of business in order to bring those blocks closer to a break-even point over time and reduce the strain on earnings and capital. We are also requesting premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on newer blocks of business, as needed, some of which may be significant, to help bring their loss ratios back towards their original pricing. In aggregate, we estimate that we have achieved approximately $20.4 billion, on a net present

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value basis, of approved in-force rate increases since 2012. We continue to work closely with the NAIC and state regulators to demonstrate the broad-based need for actuarially justified rate increases and associated benefit reductions in order to pay future claims.

The following table summarizes the impact from cumulative in-force rate actions on the results of operations of our long-term care insurance business for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021		2022 vs. 2021
Premiums	$	210	$	195	$	15	8	%
Plus: Benefits and other changes in policy reserves (1)		236		152		84	55	%
Less: Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals (2)		61		40		21	53	%

Adjusted operating income before taxes		385		307		78	25	%
Income taxes		81		64		17	27	%

Adjusted operating income (3)	$	304	$	243	$	61	25	%

(1)	Amounts represent benefit reductions elected by policyholders as an alternative to increased premiums. These amounts reduced benefits and other changes in policy reserves in our long-term care insurance business for the periods indicated.

(2)

Amounts include premium taxes, commissions and other expenses associated with our long-term care insurance in-force rate action plan, which included expenses of $43 million (consisting entirely of cash damages) and $23 million related to policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Included in the $23 million of expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $20 million of cash damages.

(3)	Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders attributable to in-force rate actions excludes reserve updates resulting from profits followed by losses.

See our results of operations above for additional details.

The following table presents net earned premiums and the loss ratio for our long-term care insurance business for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Net earned premiums:
Individual long-term care insurance (1)	$	590		$	615		$	(25	)	(4	)%
Group long-term care insurance		31			31			—		—	%

Total	$	621		$	646		$	(25	)	(4	)%

Loss ratio		64	%		62	%		2	%

(1)	For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, amounts include increased premiums of $210 million and $195 million, respectively, from in-force rate actions approved and implemented.

The loss ratio is the ratio of benefits and other changes in reserves less tabular interest on reserves less loss adjustment expenses to net earned premiums.

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Net earned premiums decreased in the current year primarily driven by lower renewal premiums from policy terminations and policies entering paid-up status, partially offset by $15 million of increased premiums in the current year from in-force rate actions approved and implemented.

The loss ratio increased in the current year due to the lower premiums discussed above.

Life insurance

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding our life insurance business as of or for the dates indicated:


	As of or for the three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022		2021		2022 vs. 2021
Term and whole life insurance
Net earned premiums	$	74	$	68	$	6		9	%
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance		49,637		77,430		(27,793	)	(36	)%
Life insurance in-force before reinsurance		325,055		355,424		(30,369	)	(9	)%
Term universal life insurance
Net deposits	$	49	$	53	$	(4	)	(8	)%
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance		97,750		105,360		(7,610	)	(7	)%
Life insurance in-force before reinsurance		98,392		106,055		(7,663	)	(7	)%
Universal life insurance
Net deposits	$	67	$	69	$	(2	)	(3	)%
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance		30,732		32,132		(1,400	)	(4	)%
Life insurance in-force before reinsurance		34,756		36,435		(1,679	)	(5	)%
Total life insurance
Net earned premiums and deposits	$	190	$	190	$	—		—	%
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance		178,119		214,922		(36,803	)	(17	)%
Life insurance in-force before reinsurance		458,203		497,914		(39,711	)	(8	)%

We no longer solicit sales of our traditional life insurance products; however, we continue to service our existing blocks of business.

Term and whole life insurance

Net earned premiums increased mainly attributable to lower ceded premiums, partially offset by the continued runoff of our term and whole life insurance products in the current year.

Universal and term universal life insurance

Net deposits decreased in the current year primarily attributable to lower renewals and from the continued runoff of our in-force blocks.

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Fixed annuities

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding our fixed annuities business as of or for the dates indicated:


	As of or for the three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Account value, beginning of period	$	10,163		$	11,815
Deposits		18			17
Surrenders, benefits and product charges		(414	)		(544	)

Net flows		(396	)		(527	)
Interest credited and investment performance		61			85
Effect of accumulated net unrealized investment gains (losses)		(323	)		(201	)

Account value, end of period	$	9,505		$	11,172

We no longer solicit sales of our traditional fixed annuity products; however, we continue to service our existing block of business.

Account value decreased compared to December 31, 2021 as surrenders, benefits and unfavorable market performance exceeded interest credited in the current year.

Runoff segment

Trends and conditions

Results of our Runoff segment are affected primarily by investment performance, interest rate levels, net interest spreads, equity market conditions, mortality, surrenders and scheduled maturities. In addition, the results of our Runoff segment can significantly impact our regulatory capital requirements, distributable earnings and liquidity. We use hedging strategies as well as liquidity planning and asset-liability management to help mitigate the impacts. In addition, we may consider reinsurance opportunities to further mitigate volatility in results and manage capital in the future.

Equity market volatility and interest rate movements have caused fluctuations in the results of our variable annuity products and regulatory capital requirements. In the future, equity and interest rate market performance and volatility could result in additional gains or losses in these products although associated hedging activities are expected to partially mitigate these impacts.

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Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our Runoff segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Net investment income	$	50		$	49		$	1		2	%
Net investment gains (losses)		(15	)		(6	)		(9	)	(150	)%
Policy fees and other income		31			33			(2	)	(6	)%

Total revenues		66			76			(10	)	(13	)%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		8			8			—		—	%
Interest credited		43			41			2		5	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		12			13			(1	)	(8	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		6			5			1		20	%

Total benefits and expenses		69			67			2		3	%

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes		(3	)		9			(12	)	(133	)%
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		(1	)		1			(2	)	(200	)%

Income (loss) from continuing operations		(2	)		8			(10	)	(125	)%
Adjustments to income (loss) from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses, net (1)		14			5			9		180	%
Taxes on adjustments		(3	)		(1	)		(2	)	(200	)%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	9		$	12		$	(3	)	(25	)%

(1)	For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, net investment (gains) losses were adjusted for DAC and other intangible amortization and certain benefit reserves of $(1) million, for each period.

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

Adjusted operating income decreased predominantly due to unfavorable equity market performance and higher interest rates resulting in a decline in the average account values of our variable annuity products reducing fee income in the current year.

Revenues

Net investment losses increased primarily due to lower gains on embedded derivatives associated with our variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWBs”), partially offset by lower derivative losses in the current year.

Policy fees and other income decreased principally from lower fee income driven mostly by a decline in the average account values in our variable annuity products in the current year.

Benefits and expenses

Interest credited increased largely due to higher account values in our corporate-owned life insurance products in the current year.

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Provision (benefit) for income taxes

. The effective tax rate was 39.2% and 15.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase was primarily attributable to a pre-tax loss in the current year compared to pre-tax income in the prior year.

Runoff selected operating performance measures

Variable annuity and variable life insurance products

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding our variable annuity and variable life insurance products as of or for the dates indicated:


	As of or for the three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Account value, beginning of period	$	4,839		$	5,001
Deposits		5			6
Surrenders, benefits and product charges		(131	)		(187	)

Net flows		(126	)		(181	)
Interest credited and investment performance		(254	)		43

Account value, end of period	$	4,459		$	4,863

We no longer solicit sales of our variable annuity or variable life insurance products; however, we continue to service our existing blocks of business and accept additional deposits on existing contracts and policies.

Account value as of March 31, 2022 decreased compared to December 31, 2021 primarily related to unfavorable equity market performance and surrenders in the current year.

Funding agreements

The account value of our funding agreements was $250 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and $300 million as of March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2022, the decrease in account value as compared to March 31, 2021 was mainly due to a maturity payment in the second quarter of 2021.

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Corporate and Other Activities

Results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to Corporate and Other activities for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021			2022 vs. 2021
Revenues:
Premiums	$	2		$	2		$	—		—	%
Net investment income		3			1			2		200	%
Net investment gains (losses)		(13	)		(2	)		(11	)	NM	(1)

Total revenues		(8	)		1			(9	)	NM	(1)

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		—			—			—		—	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		6			13			(7	)	(54	)%
Interest expense		13			38			(25	)	(66	)%

Total benefits and expenses		19			51			(32	)	(63	)%

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes		(27	)		(50	)		23		46	%
Benefit for income taxes		(6	)		(8	)		2		25	%

Loss from continuing operations		(21	)		(42	)		21		50	%
Adjustments to loss from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses		13			2			11		NM	(1)
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		3			4			(1	)	(25	)%
Expenses related to restructuring		—			7			(7	)	(100	)%
Taxes on adjustments		(4	)		(3	)		(1	)	(33	)%

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(9	)	$	(32	)	$	23		72	%

(1)	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

The adjusted operating loss decreased primarily related to lower interest expense in the current year.

Revenues

Net investment losses increased predominantly from net realized losses from the sale of investment securities in the current year compared to net realized gains in the prior year, partially offset by derivative losses in the prior year.

Benefits and expenses

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, decreased mainly driven by restructuring costs of $7 million in the prior year that did not recur and a lower loss from the repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes in the current year. In the first quarter of 2022, we recorded a loss of $3 million related to the repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes due in February 2024 compared to a loss of $4 million in the first quarter of 2021 related to the repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes due in September 2021.

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Interest expense decreased largely driven by the early redemption and repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes due in September 2021, as well as the redemption of Genworth Holdings’ senior notes due in February 2021 and August 2023.

The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily related to the pre-tax loss. The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily related to the pre-tax loss, partially offset by tax expense on forward starting swaps, which are tax effected at 35% when amortized into net investment income.

Investments and Derivative Instruments

General macroeconomic environment

The stability of both the financial markets and global economies in which we operate impacts the sales, revenue growth and profitability trends of our businesses as well as the value of assets and liabilities.

Varied levels of economic performance, coupled with uncertain economic outlooks, war and geopolitical tensions, changes in government policy, global trade, regulatory and tax reforms, and other changes in market conditions, such as inflation, will continue to influence investment and spending decisions by consumers and businesses as they adjust their consumption, debt, capital and risk profiles in response to these conditions, including as a result of COVID-19. These trends change as investor confidence in the markets and the outlook for some consumers and businesses shift. As a result, our sales, revenues and profitability trends of certain insurance and investment products as well as the value of assets and liabilities could be impacted going forward. In particular, factors such as the speed of the economic recovery from COVID-19, future government responses to COVID-19 or another public health emergency, including government stimulus, government spending, monetary policies (such as ceasing quantitative easing), the volatility and strength of the capital markets, changes in tax policy and/or in U.S. tax legislation, inflation, including the price of oil, international trade and the impact of global financial regulation reform will continue to affect economic and business outlooks, level of interest rates, consumer confidence and consumer behavior moving forward.

During the first quarter of 2022, the U.S. Federal Reserve shifted its monetary policy to aggressively address rising inflation by tightening its balance sheet and increasing interest rates. At its March 2022 meeting, the U.S. Federal Reserve increased interest rates 25 basis points, accelerated its forecast for additional and larger interest rate increases in 2022 and is considering plans to begin reducing its balance sheet as early as May 2022. The tightening labor market, supply chain disruptions and rising commodity prices have elevated inflationary pressures in the U.S. economy. The Russian invasion of Ukraine put additional pressure on commodity prices, sending crude oil prices up in the first quarter of 2022 and peaking in March 2022 at levels not seen since 2008. These factors contributed to rising inflation, with the consumer price index indicating the highest annual U.S. inflation rate in 40 years. The labor market has offset some of these pressures, as the unemployment rate continues to decline and job creation was steady in the first quarter of 2022.

Gross domestic product rebounded sharply in 2021 as compared to 2020 as the economy continued its recovery from COVID-19. However, in the first quarter of 2022, gross domestic product contracted abruptly, due in part to certain government fiscal support actions lapsing, elevated inflation pressure on consumers and persistent supply chain disruptions. Given the potential for future actions to be taken to mitigate the risk of a virus re-emergence due to variants or due to continued high inflation and supply chain disruptions or from prolonged geopolitical tensions, it is possible the U.S. economy could fall into a recession as early as 2022. Specific to Genworth, we continue to closely monitor the operating results and financial position of Enact Holdings, particularly related to new delinquency trends and whether borrowers in a forbearance plan ultimately cure or result in a claim payment. If delinquency trends move in an unfavorable direction in contrast to our current projections, our liquidity, financial position and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

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Trends and conditions

Investments

U.S. Treasury yields increased during the first quarter of 2022 driven mainly by the shift in the U.S. Federal Reserve’s monetary policy to combat rising inflation. The U.S. Treasury yield curve flattened significantly at the end of the first quarter of 2022 with higher increases in the two-year and three-year U.S. Treasury yields than the ten-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury yields and minimal differential between the two-year and ten-year Treasury yields as of March 31, 2022, as expectations of the U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate increases for 2022 were accelerated.

Credit markets widened during the first quarter of 2022. The macroeconomic pressures from the U.S. Federal Reserve’s fluctuating monetary policy and subsequent interest rate volatility drove spread widening early in the first quarter of 2022. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the ensuing sanctions imposed by the United States and Western Europe accelerated credit spread widening as commodity price volatility added to existing inflation concerns and supply chain pressures, increasing the risk of a global economic slowdown. The U.S. investment grade credit market experienced near record supply as companies funded increased merger and acquisition activity, which put additional pressure on spread valuations during the first quarter of 2022. Despite periods of increased volatility and even wider spreads, U.S. investment grade spreads only widened approximately 25 basis points as of March 31, 2022. The U.S. high yield credit market saw similar spread widening throughout the first quarter of 2022 and combined with the rise in U.S. Treasury yields, finished the first quarter of 2022 near its highest yields since the onset of COVID-19.

As of March 31, 2022, our fixed maturity securities portfolio, which was 96% investment grade, comprised 81% of our total invested assets and cash.

Derivatives

As of March 31, 2022, $897 million notional of our derivatives portfolio was cleared through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”). The customer swap agreements that govern our cleared derivatives contain provisions that enable our clearing agents to request initial margin in excess of CME requirements. As of March 31, 2022, we posted initial margin of $62 million to our clearing agents, which represented $31 million more than was otherwise required by the clearinghouse. Because our clearing agents serve as guarantors of our obligations to the CME, the customer agreements contain broad termination provisions that are not specifically dependent on ratings. As of March 31, 2022, $9.1 billion notional of our derivatives portfolio was in bilateral over-the-counter derivative transactions pursuant to which we have posted aggregate independent amounts of $424 million and are holding collateral from counterparties in the amount of $110 million.

In July 2017, the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority announced its intention to transition away from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), with its full elimination to occur after 2021. The LIBOR tenors, such as the three-month LIBOR, have various phase-out dates with the last committed publication date of June 30, 2023. The Alternate Reference Rate Committee (“ARRC”), convened by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the New York Federal Reserve Bank, has endorsed the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred replacement benchmark for U.S. dollar LIBOR. SOFR is calculated and published by the New York Federal Reserve Bank and reflects the combination of three overnight U.S. Treasury Repo Rates. The rate is different from LIBOR, in that it is a risk-free rate, is backward-looking instead of forward-looking, is a secured rate and currently is available primarily as an overnight rate rather than a 1-, 3- or 6-month rate available for LIBOR.

We completed our assessment of operational readiness for LIBOR cessation related to our various instruments in 2021 and will continue to monitor the process of elimination and replacement of LIBOR, including any new accounting pronouncements that may be issued to provide further transition relief due to the extended cessation dates of certain LIBOR tenors. Since the initial announcement, we have terminated the

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majority of our LIBOR-based swaps and entered into alternative rate swaps. In anticipation of the elimination of LIBOR, we plan to continue to convert most of our remaining LIBOR-based derivatives in a similar manner. Moreover, we will continue to monitor the developments coming from ARRC, who is expected to authorize the use of an alternative rate to replace the current contractual three-month LIBOR rate applied to Genworth Holdings’ junior subordinated notes due in 2066. Although uncertainty remains surrounding the final cessation and transition away from LIBOR, we do not expect a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

Investment results

The following table sets forth information about our investment income, excluding net investment gains (losses), for each component of our investment portfolio for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,												Increase (decrease)
	2022						2021						2022 vs. 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Yield			Amount			Yield			Amount			Yield			Amount
Fixed maturity securities—taxable		4.4	%	$	580			4.5	%	$	599			(0.1	)%	$	(19	)
Fixed maturity securities—non-taxable		3.6	%		1			6.3	%		2			(2.7	)%		(1	)
Equity securities		3.7	%		2			3.8	%		3			(0.1	)%		(1	)
Commercial mortgage loans		4.7	%		81			4.6	%		78			0.1	%		3
Policy loans		9.8	%		50			10.1	%		50			(0.3	)%		—
Limited partnerships (1)		1.4	%		7			11.2	%		31			(9.8	)%		(24	)
Other invested assets (2)		64.8	%		63			65.0	%		58			(0.2	)%		5

Gross investment income before expenses and fees		4.8	%		784			5.0	%		821			(0.2	)%		(37	)
Expenses and fees		(0.1	)%		(20	)		(0.2	)%		(20	)		0.1	%		—

Net investment income		4.7	%	$	764			4.8	%	$	801			(0.1	)%	$	(37	)

Average invested assets and cash				$	65,395					$	66,233					$	(838	)

(1)	Limited partnership investments are primarily equity-based and do not have fixed returns by period.

(2)	Investment income for other invested assets includes amortization of terminated cash flow hedges, which have no corresponding book value within the yield calculation.

Yields are based on net investment income as reported under U.S. GAAP and are consistent with how we measure our investment performance for management purposes. Yields are annualized, for interim periods, and are calculated as net investment income as a percentage of average quarterly asset carrying values except for fixed maturity securities, derivatives and derivative counterparty collateral, which exclude unrealized fair value adjustments and securities lending activity, which was included in other invested assets prior to the suspension of our securities lending program in the third quarter of 2021 and was calculated net of the corresponding securities lending liability.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, gross annualized weighted-average investment yields decreased from lower net investment income on lower average invested assets. Net investment income included lower income of $24 million from limited partnerships and $12 million of higher income related to inflation-driven volatility on TIPS.

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The following table sets forth net investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Realized investment gains (losses):
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Realized gains	$	10		$	7
Realized losses		(18	)		(3	)

Net realized gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		(8	)		4
Net realized gains (losses) on equity securities sold		—			(5	)
Net realized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		—			3

Total net realized investment gains (losses)		(8	)		2

Net change in allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		—			(2	)
Write-down of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		(2	)		(1	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held		(6	)		(8	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		35			34
Commercial mortgage loans		1			(1	)
Derivative instruments		4			8
Other		4			1

Net investment gains (losses)	$	28		$	33

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

•

We recorded net losses of $8 million related to the sale of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $4 million of net gains during the three months ended March 31, 2021. Included in the $8 million of net losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $18 million of realized losses principally related to U.S. corporate securities sold to optimize cash at Genworth Holdings. We also recorded $5 million of net losses related to the sale of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

•

We had $4 million of lower net gains related to derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily from higher net losses from hedging programs that support our runoff variable annuity products, partially offset by gains on derivative contracts used to protect statutory surplus from equity market fluctuations in the current year compared to losses in the prior year.

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Investment portfolio

The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022					December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		% of total			Carrying value		% of total
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Public	$	38,219		56	%	$	42,501		58	%
Private		16,808		25			17,979		24
Equity securities		230		—			198		—
Commercial mortgage loans, net		6,913		10			6,830		9
Policy loans		2,028		3			2,050		3
Limited partnerships		2,007		3			1,900		3
Other invested assets		671		1			820		1
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		1,291		2			1,571		2

Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets	$	68,167		100	%	$	73,849		100	%

For a discussion of the change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets, see the comparison for this line item under “—Consolidated Balance Sheets.” See note 4 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements” for additional information related to our investment portfolio.

We hold fixed maturity and equity securities, derivatives, embedded derivatives and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As of March 31, 2022, approximately 6% of our investment holdings recorded at fair value was based on significant inputs that were not market observable and were classified as Level 3 measurements. See note 6 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements” for additional information related to fair value.

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Fixed maturity securities


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses		Fair value
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,356	$	744	$	(3	)	$	—	$	4,097
State and political subdivisions		3,009		206		(81	)		—		3,134
Non-U.S. government		778		48		(42	)		—		784
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,345		355		(66	)		—		4,634
Energy		2,572		175		(48	)		—		2,699
Finance and insurance		8,026		406		(203	)		—		8,229
Consumer—non-cyclical		5,070		488		(70	)		—		5,488
Technology and communications		3,371		213		(87	)		—		3,497
Industrial		1,301		73		(26	)		—		1,348
Capital goods		2,346		205		(39	)		—		2,512
Consumer—cyclical		1,725		86		(44	)		—		1,767
Transportation		1,133		124		(9	)		—		1,248
Other		381		24		(4	)		—		401

Total U.S. corporate		30,270		2,149		(596	)		—		31,823

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		874		19		(15	)		—		878
Energy		1,158		102		(19	)		—		1,241
Finance and insurance		2,129		132		(70	)		—		2,191
Consumer—non-cyclical		665		28		(22	)		—		671
Technology and communications		1,055		61		(17	)		—		1,099
Industrial		918		56		(21	)		—		953
Capital goods		610		25		(16	)		—		619
Consumer—cyclical		316		5		(9	)		—		312
Transportation		392		38		(7	)		—		423
Other		996		86		(16	)		—		1,066

Total non-U.S. corporate		9,113		552		(212	)		—		9,453

Residential mortgage-backed		1,277		57		(14	)		—		1,320
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,369		36		(44	)		—		2,361
Other asset-backed		2,108		7		(60	)		—		2,055

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	52,280	$	3,799	$	(1,052	)	$	—	$	55,027

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(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses		Fair value
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,368	$	1,184	$	—		$	—	$	4,552
State and political subdivisions		2,982		474		(6	)		—		3,450
Non-U.S. government		762		86		(13	)		—		835
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,330		783		(9	)		—		5,104
Energy		2,581		363		(10	)		—		2,934
Finance and insurance		8,003		1,012		(24	)		—		8,991
Consumer—non-cyclical		5,138		1,029		(8	)		—		6,159
Technology and communications		3,345		476		(13	)		—		3,808
Industrial		1,322		175		(3	)		—		1,494
Capital goods		2,334		415		(4	)		—		2,745
Consumer—cyclical		1,703		203		(7	)		—		1,899
Transportation		1,122		249		—			—		1,371
Other		379		41		(1	)		—		419

Total U.S. corporate		30,257		4,746		(79	)		—		34,924

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		867		63		(2	)		—		928
Energy		1,194		190		(1	)		—		1,383
Finance and insurance		2,171		270		(9	)		—		2,432
Consumer—non-cyclical		664		81		(2	)		—		743
Technology and communications		1,085		166		(1	)		—		1,250
Industrial		933		117		(3	)		—		1,047
Capital goods		640		66		(1	)		—		705
Consumer—cyclical		316		27		(2	)		—		341
Transportation		422		68		(1	)		—		489
Other		1,052		169		(4	)		—		1,217

Total non-U.S. corporate		9,344		1,217		(26	)		—		10,535

Residential mortgage-backed		1,325		116		(1	)		—		1,440
Commercial mortgage-backed		2,435		152		(3	)		—		2,584
Other asset-backed		2,138		29		(7	)		—		2,160

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	52,611	$	8,004	$	(135	)	$	—	$	60,480

Fixed maturity securities decreased $5.5 billion compared to December 31, 2021 principally from a decrease in net unrealized gains related to an increase in interest rates, as well as maturities, repayments and sales, exceeding purchases in the current year.

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Other invested assets

The following table sets forth the carrying values of our other invested assets as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2022					December 31, 2021
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		% of total			Carrying value		% of total
Derivatives	$	197		29	%	$	414		50	%
Bank loan investments		381		57			363		45
Short-term investments		76		11			26		3
Other investments		17		3			17		2

Total other invested assets	$	671		100	%	$	820		100	%

Derivatives decreased largely from an increase in interest rates in the current year. Short-term investments increased primarily from purchases in the current year.

Derivatives


(Notional in millions)	Measurement		December 31, 2021		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2022
Derivatives designated as hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps		Notional	$	7,653	$	—	$	(58	)	$	7,595
Foreign currency swaps		Notional		127		—		—			127

Total cash flow hedges				7,780		—		(58	)		7,722

Total derivatives designated as hedges				7,780		—		(58	)		7,722

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options		Notional		1,446		300		(368	)		1,378
Financial futures		Notional		946		994		(1,042	)		898
Other foreign currency contracts		Notional		83		—		(59	)		24

Total derivatives not designated as hedges				2,475		1,294		(1,469	)		2,300

Total derivatives			$	10,255	$	1,294	$	(1,527	)	$	10,022


(Number of policies)	Measurement		December 31, 2021		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2022
Derivatives not designated as hedges
GMWB embedded derivatives		Policies		21,804		—		(477	)		21,327
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		Policies		9,344		—		(568	)		8,776
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		Policies		806		—		(7	)		799

The decrease in the notional value of derivatives was primarily attributable to the termination of derivatives that support our runoff variable annuity and fixed indexed annuity products, the termination of foreign currency derivatives previously entered into to hedge payments to AXA under a settlement agreement and the termination of interest rate swaps that support our long-term care insurance products.

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The number of policies related to our embedded derivatives decreased as these products are no longer being offered and continue to runoff.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Total assets

. Total assets decreased $5,684 million from $99,171 million as of December 31, 2021 to $93,487 million as of March 31, 2022.

•

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets decreased $5,682 million primarily from decreases of $5,453 million, $280 million and $149 million in fixed maturity securities, cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and other invested assets, respectively. The decrease in fixed maturity securities was predominantly related to a decrease in unrealized gains due to an increase in interest rates and from net sales and maturities in the current year. The decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was largely related to net withdrawals from our investment contracts, the repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ February 2024 senior notes and a payment to AXA associated with unprocessed claims. These decreases to cash were partially offset by net sales and maturities of investment securities in the current year. The decrease in other invested assets was predominantly driven by lower derivative valuations due to an increase in interest rates in the current year.

•

DAC increased $164 million principally attributable to shadow accounting adjustments associated with a decrease in unrealized gains in the current year. The shadow accounting adjustments increased DAC by approximately $237 million, mostly in our long-term care insurance business, with an offsetting amount recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). This increase was partially offset by a DAC impairment of $24 million in our term universal life insurance product recorded in connection with our periodic reviews of DAC for recoverability.

•

Deferred tax asset increased $302 million largely due to a decrease in unrealized gains on derivatives and investments, partially offset by the utilization of net operating losses in the current year.

•

Separate account assets (and liabilities) decreased $536 million primarily due to unfavorable equity market performance and surrenders in the current year.

Total liabilities

. Total liabilities decreased $4,570 million from $82,905 million as of December 31, 2021 to $78,335 million as of March 31, 2022.

•

Future policy benefits decreased $2,631 million primarily driven by shadow accounting adjustments associated with a decrease in unrealized gains in the current year. The shadow accounting adjustments decreased future policy benefits by approximately $2,707 million, mostly in our long-term care insurance business, with an offsetting amount recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The decrease was also attributable to reduced benefits of $238 million in the current year related to in-force actions approved and implemented, which included policyholder benefit reduction elections made as part of a legal settlement in our long-term care insurance business. These decreases were partially offset by aging of our long-term care insurance in-force block and higher incremental reserves of $199 million recorded in connection with an accrual for profits followed by losses in the current year.

•

Policyholder account balances decreased $1,157 million largely driven by shadow accounting adjustments associated with a decrease in unrealized gains in the current year. The shadow accounting adjustments decreased policyholder account balances by approximately $820 million, mostly in our universal life insurance products, with an offsetting amount recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The decrease was also attributable to surrenders and benefits in our deferred annuity products in the current year.

•

Other liabilities decreased $95 million principally from lower derivative counterparty collateral held by us, which represents our obligation to return the collateral to the counterparty, due to a decline in derivative valuations driven by a rise in interest rates and due to lower employee payroll accruals.

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These decreases were partially offset by an increase in due to broker largely driven by higher trade volumes at the end of the first quarter of 2022, an increase in derivative liabilities due to rising interest rates and higher legal settlement accruals in the current year.

•

Long-term borrowings decreased $80 million mostly attributable to the repurchase of Genworth Holdings’ February 2024 senior notes.

Total equity

. Total equity decreased $1,114 million from $16,266 million as of December 31, 2021 to $15,152 million as of March 31, 2022.

•

We reported net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders of $149 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

•

Unrealized gains on investments and derivatives qualifying as hedges decreased $1,010 million and $236 million, respectively, primarily from an increase in interest rates in the current year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and capital resources represent our overall financial strength and our ability to generate cash flows from our businesses, borrow funds at competitive rates and raise new capital to meet our operating and growth needs.

Overview of cash flows—Genworth and subsidiaries

The following table sets forth our unaudited condensed consolidated cash flows for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2022			2021
Net cash used by operating activities	$	(92	)	$	(247	)
Net cash from investing activities		138			335
Net cash used by financing activities		(326	)		(780	)

Net decrease in cash before foreign exchange effect	$	(280	)	$	(692	)

Our principal sources of cash include sales of our products and services, income from our investment portfolio and proceeds from sales of investments. As an insurance business, we typically generate positive cash flows from operating activities, as premiums collected from our insurance products and income received from our investments typically exceed policy acquisition costs, benefits paid, redemptions and operating expenses. Our cash flows from operating activities are affected by the timing of premiums, fees and investment income received and benefits and expenses paid. Positive cash flows from operating activities are then invested to support the obligations of our insurance and investment products and required capital supporting these products. In analyzing our cash flow, we focus on the change in the amount of cash available and used in investing activities. Changes in cash from financing activities primarily relate to the issuance of, and redemptions and benefit payments on, universal life insurance and investment contracts; deposits from Federal Home Loan Banks; the issuance of debt and equity securities; the repayment or repurchase of borrowings; and other capital transactions.

We had lower cash outflows from operating activities in the current year primarily from lower payments to AXA, partially offset by higher net cash disbursements in connection with the return of cash collateral received from counterparties under our derivative contracts. In the current year, we paid AXA $30 million, which constitutes the majority of the remaining estimated future claims, compared to a $247 million mandatory payment in the prior year related to a secured promissory note issued to AXA.

We had lower cash inflows from investing activities mainly due to net proceeds received in the prior year from the sale of Genworth Mortgage Insurance Australia Limited (“Genworth Australia”) and net purchases of short-term investments in the current year compared to net sales in the prior year, partially offset by higher net sales of fixed maturity securities in the current year.

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We had lower cash outflows from financing activities in the current year principally from lower repayment and repurchase of long-term debt and from lower net withdrawals from our investment contracts. During the first quarter of 2022, Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its senior notes due in February 2024. During the first quarter of 2021, Genworth Holdings paid $338 million principal balance of its senior notes due in February 2021 and repurchased $146 million principal amount of its senior notes due in September 2021, of which $14 million remained in transit as of March 31, 2021 resulting in a cash outlay of $132 million.

Genworth—holding company liquidity

In consideration of our liquidity, it is important to separate the needs of our holding companies from the needs of their respective subsidiaries. Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings each act as a holding company for their respective subsidiaries and do not have any significant operations of their own. Accordingly, our holding companies are highly dependent upon their respective subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other payments to meet their respective obligations. Moreover, management’s focus is predominantly on Genworth Holdings’ liquidity given it is the issuer of our outstanding public debt.

Genworth Financial’s and Genworth Holdings’ principal sources of cash are derived from dividends from their respective subsidiaries, subsidiary payments to them under tax sharing and expense reimbursement arrangements and proceeds from borrowings or securities issuances. Our liquidity at the holding company level is highly dependent on the performance of Enact Holdings and its ability to pay dividends to Genworth Holdings as anticipated. Although the business performance and financial results of our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries have improved significantly, as of December 31, 2021, they had negative unassigned surplus of approximately $1.0 billion under statutory accounting and as a result, we do not expect these subsidiaries to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. Genworth Financial has the right to appoint a majority of directors to the board of directors of Enact Holdings; however, actions taken by Enact Holdings and its board of directors (including in the case of the payment of dividends to us, the approval of Enact Holdings’ independent capital committee) are subject to and may be limited by the interests of Enact Holdings, including but not limited to, its use of capital for growth opportunities and regulatory requirements. In addition, insurance laws and regulations regulate the payment of dividends and other distributions to Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings by their insurance subsidiaries. See “—Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information” for additional details.

The primary uses of funds at Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings include payment of principal, interest and other expenses on current and any future borrowings or other obligations (including payments to AXA associated with a settlement agreement reported as discontinued operations), payment of holding company general operating expenses (including employee benefits and taxes), payments under current and any future guarantees (including guarantees of certain subsidiary obligations), payment of amounts previously owed to General Electric Company (“GE”) under the Tax Matters Agreement, payments to subsidiaries (and, in the case of Genworth Holdings, to Genworth Financial) under tax sharing agreements, contributions to subsidiaries, repurchases of debt securities and, in the case of Genworth Holdings, loans, dividends or other distributions to Genworth Financial.

In November 2008, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors suspended the payment of dividends to its shareholders and the repurchase of common stock under the Company’s stock repurchase program indefinitely. Given the significant improvement in the results of operations and financial position of Genworth Financial and its subsidiaries, and the $2.1 billion of debt reduction in 2021, on May 2, 2022, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which Genworth Financial may repurchase up to $350 million of its outstanding Class A common stock. Repurchases under the authorized program would be funded from holding company capital, as well as future cash flow generation, including expected future dividends from Genworth Financial’s ownership in Enact Holdings. We expect the majority of share repurchases to occur following the repayment of Genworth Holdings’ remaining February 2024 debt. Under the program, share repurchases may be made at Genworth’s discretion from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or by other means. The timing and number of shares repurchased under the program will

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depend on a variety of factors, including Genworth Financial’s stock price and trading volume, and general business and market conditions, among other factors. The authorization has no expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time.

Our future use of liquidity and capital will prioritize redeeming Genworth Holdings’ February 2024 debt, returning capital to Genworth Financial’s shareholders through share repurchases (as discussed above) and future strategic investments in new products and services designed to assist individuals with navigating and financing long-term care. Our deleveraging goal is to reduce debt at Genworth Holdings to approximately $1.0 billion or less over time. As of March 31, 2022, we have approximately $1.1 billion of outstanding debt, see below for additional details. We may from time to time seek to repurchase or redeem outstanding notes for cash (with cash on hand, proceeds from the issuance of new debt and/or the proceeds from asset or stock sales) in open market purchases, tender offers, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. We currently seek to address our indebtedness over time through repurchases, redemptions and/or repayments at maturity. We also expect to provide capital, predominantly to CareScout, LLC (“CareScout”), to help advance Genworth’s long-term care growth initiatives. CareScout is an integral part of our new Global Care Solutions business that will seek to provide fee-based advice, consulting and other services related to the needs of elderly Americans, as well as their caregivers and families. While we have not made final decisions on the Global Care Solutions strategy and the set of products and services we will offer, it is likely that Genworth will initially focus on less capital-intensive long-term care advice and service offerings that help consumers navigate the complex caregiving challenges in the market.

As of March 31, 2022, Genworth Holdings had $214 million of unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and liquid assets. In the first quarter of 2022, Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its senior notes due in February 2024, leaving an outstanding principal balance of $200 million of senior notes due in February 2024 as of March 31, 2022. Thereafter, no debt maturities are due until June 2034. Genworth Holdings intends to retire early the remaining outstanding balance of its senior notes due in February 2024 with cash on hand, expected dividends from Enact Holdings and/or intercompany cash tax payments from its subsidiaries. Interest payments on Genworth Holdings’ remaining senior notes, including the February 2024 debt of $200 million that remains outstanding as of March 31, 2022, is forecasted to be approximately $55 million over the next 12 months. For further information about Genworth Holdings’ borrowings, refer to note 8 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements.” In addition, in February 2022, Genworth Holdings paid AXA $30 million, which constitutes the majority of the remaining estimated unprocessed claims, and accordingly, we do not expect to pay AXA any significant amounts over the next twelve months.

We believe Genworth Holdings’ unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and liquid assets provide sufficient liquidity to meet its financial obligations over the next twelve months. Furthermore, we believe Genworth Holdings has adequate sources of liquidity to meet its future financial obligations in 2023 and thereafter; however, we do expect intercompany cash tax payments from Genworth Holdings’ subsidiaries to be lower over the next few years as compared to the amounts received during 2021. We also expect Genworth Holdings’ liquidity to be significantly impacted by the amounts and timing of future dividends from Enact Holdings, which will be influenced by economic and other conditions that affect its business. We actively monitor our liquidity position (most notably at Genworth Holdings), liquidity generation options and the credit markets given changing market conditions. Genworth Holdings’ cash management target is to maintain a cash buffer of two times expected annual external debt interest payments. Genworth Holdings may move below or above this targeted cash buffer during any given quarter due to the timing of cash outflows and inflows or from future actions. Management of Genworth Financial continues to evaluate Genworth Holdings’ target level of liquidity as circumstances warrant.

Enact Holdings continues to evaluate its capital allocation strategy to consistently support its existing policyholders, grow its mortgage insurance business, fund attractive new business opportunities and return capital to shareholders. To this end, on April 26, 2022, Enact Holdings’ board of directors approved the initiation of a quarterly dividend beginning with a dividend of $0.14 per share in the second quarter of 2022. Any future

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dividends will be subject to quarterly review and approval by Enact Holdings’ board of directors and Genworth Financial, and also be dependent on a variety of economic, market, and business conditions, including the resolution of forbearance related delinquencies, among other considerations. In addition, any future dividends or other returns of capital will include a proportionate distribution to minority shareholders.

Genworth Holdings—changes in liquidity

Genworth Holdings had $140 million and $331 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Genworth Holdings also held $75 million and $25 million of U.S. government securities as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which included approximately $1 million and $3 million of restricted assets, respectively. The decrease in Genworth Holdings’ cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was principally driven by the repurchase of $82 million principal amount of its senior notes due in February 2024, $50 million of net purchases of U.S. government securities and a $30 million payment to AXA.

Capital resources and financing activities

Our current capital resource plans do not include any additional debt offerings or minority sales of Enact Holdings. The availability of additional capital resources will depend on a variety of factors such as market conditions, regulatory considerations, the general availability of credit, credit ratings and the performance of and outlook for Enact Holdings and the payment of dividends therefrom.

In the first quarter of 2022, Genworth Holdings repurchased $82 million principal amount of its 4.80% senior notes due in February 2024 for a pre-tax loss of $3 million and paid accrued interest thereon. As of March 31, 2022, Genworth Holdings’ 4.80% senior notes due in February 2024 has an outstanding principal balance of $200 million.

Regulated insurance subsidiaries

The liquidity requirements of our regulated insurance subsidiaries principally relate to the liabilities associated with their various insurance and investment products, operating costs and expenses, the payment of dividends to us, contributions to their subsidiaries, payment of principal and interest on their outstanding debt obligations and income taxes. Liabilities arising from insurance and investment products include the payment of benefits and claims, as well as cash payments in connection with policy surrenders and withdrawals, policy loans and obligations to redeem funding agreements.

Our insurance subsidiaries have used cash flows from operations and investment activities to fund their liquidity requirements. Our insurance subsidiaries’ principal cash inflows from operating activities are derived from premiums, annuity deposits and insurance and investment product fees and other income, including commissions, cost of insurance, mortality, expense and surrender charges, contract underwriting fees, investment management fees and dividends and distributions from their subsidiaries. The principal cash inflows from investment activities result from maturities and repayments of investments and, as necessary, sales of invested assets.

Our insurance subsidiaries maintain investment strategies intended to provide adequate funds to pay benefits without forced sales of investments. Products having liabilities with longer durations, such as certain life insurance and long-term care insurance policies, are matched with investments having similar duration such as long-term fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans. Shorter-term liabilities are matched with fixed maturity securities that have short- and medium-term fixed maturities. In addition, our insurance subsidiaries hold highly liquid, high quality short-term investment securities and other liquid investment grade fixed maturity securities to fund anticipated operating expenses, surrenders and withdrawals. As of March 31, 2022, our total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets were $68.2 billion. Our investments in privately placed fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage loans, policy loans, bank loans, limited partnership investments and select mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are relatively illiquid. These

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asset classes represented approximately 41% of the carrying value of our total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and invested assets as of March 31, 2022.

Off-balance sheet commitments, guarantees and contractual obligations

As of March 31, 2022, we were committed to fund $1,309 million in limited partnership investments, $108 million of bank loan investments which had not yet been drawn, $75 million in commercial mortgage loan investments and $20 million in private placement investments.

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, Genworth Holdings had an obligation with GE pursuant to a Tax Matters Agreement, which was recorded in other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. On April 14, 2022, Genworth Holdings satisfied its remaining obligation of $55 million under the Tax Matters Agreement with GE.

As of March 31, 2022, there have been no material additions or changes to guarantees provided by Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings as compared to the amounts disclosed within our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2022.

Except as disclosed above, there have been no material additions or changes to our contractual obligations as compared to the amounts disclosed within our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2022. For additional details related to our commitments, see note 11 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements.”

Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

Genworth Financial provides a full and unconditional guarantee to the trustee of Genworth Holdings’ outstanding senior and subordinated notes and the holders of the senior and subordinated notes, on an unsecured unsubordinated and subordinated basis, respectively, of the full and punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any and interest on, and all other amounts payable under, each outstanding series of senior notes and outstanding subordinated notes, and the full and punctual payment of all other amounts payable by Genworth Holdings under the senior and subordinated notes indentures in respect of such senior and subordinated notes. Genworth Holdings is a direct, 100% owned subsidiary of Genworth Financial.

The following supplemental condensed consolidating financial information of Genworth Financial and its direct and indirect subsidiaries has been prepared pursuant to rules regarding the preparation of consolidating financial information of Regulation S-X.

The supplemental condensed consolidating financial information presents the condensed consolidating balance sheet information as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the condensed consolidating income statement information, the condensed consolidating comprehensive income statement information and the condensed consolidating cash flow statement information for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The supplemental condensed consolidating financial information reflects Genworth Financial (“Parent Guarantor”), Genworth Holdings (“Issuer”) and each of Genworth Financial’s other direct and indirect subsidiaries (the “All Other Subsidiaries”) on a combined basis, none of which guarantee the senior notes or subordinated notes, as well as the eliminations necessary to present Genworth Financial’s financial information on a consolidated basis and total consolidated amounts.

The accompanying supplemental condensed consolidating financial information is presented based on the equity method of accounting for all periods presented. Under this method, investments in subsidiaries are recorded at cost and adjusted for the subsidiaries’ cumulative results of operations, capital contributions and distributions, and other changes in equity. Elimination entries include consolidating and eliminating entries for investments in subsidiaries and intercompany activity.

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating balance sheet information as of March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	Parent Guarantor			Issuer			All Other Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $52,280 and allowance for credit losses of $—)	$	—		$	—		$	55,027		$	—		$	55,027
Equity securities, at fair value		—			—			230			—			230
Commercial mortgage loans (net of unamortized balance of loan origination fees and costs of $4)		—			—			6,938			—			6,938
Less: Allowance for credit losses		—			—			(25	)		—			(25	)

Commercial mortgage loans, net		—			—			6,913			—			6,913
Policy loans		—			—			2,028			—			2,028
Limited partnerships		—			—			2,007			—			2,007
Other invested assets		—			75			596			—			671
Investments in subsidiaries		14,419			14,621			—			(29,040	)		—

Total investments		14,419			14,696			66,801			(29,040	)		66,876
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		—			140			1,151			—			1,291
Accrued investment income		—			—			696			—			696
Deferred acquisition costs		—			—			1,310			—			1,310
Intangible assets		—			—			159			—			159
Reinsurance recoverable		—			—			16,821			—			16,821
Less: Allowance for credit losses		—			—			(57	)		—			(57	)

Reinsurance recoverable, net		—			—			16,764			—			16,764
Other assets		1			147			292			—			440
Intercompany notes receivable		16			71			1			(88	)		—
Deferred tax assets		1			514			(94	)		—			421
Separate account assets		—			—			5,530			—			5,530

Total assets	$	14,437		$	15,568		$	92,610		$	(29,128	)	$	93,487

Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits	$	—		$	—		$	38,897		$	—		$	38,897
Policyholder account balances		—			—			18,197			—			18,197
Liability for policy and contract claims		—			—			11,833			—			11,833
Unearned premiums		—			—			639			—			639
Other liabilities		30			64			1,322			—			1,416
Intercompany notes payable		—			17			71			(88	)		—
Long-term borrowings		—			1,078			741			—			1,819
Separate account liabilities		—			—			5,530			—			5,530
Liabilities related to discontinued operations		—			1			3			—			4

Total liabilities		30			1,160			77,233			(88	)		78,335

Equity:
Common stock		1			—			4			(4	)		1
Additional paid-in capital		11,857			12,726			18,142			(30,868	)		11,857
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		2,610			2,610			2,654			(5,264	)		2,610
Retained earnings		2,639			(928	)		(6,468	)		7,396			2,639
Treasury stock, at cost		(2,700	)		—			—			—			(2,700	)

Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		14,407			14,408			14,332			(28,740	)		14,407
Noncontrolling interests		—			—			1,045			(300	)		745

Total equity		14,407			14,408			15,377			(29,040	)		15,152

Total liabilities and equity	$	14,437		$	15,568		$	92,610		$	(29,128	)	$	93,487

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating balance sheet information as of December 31, 2021:


(Amounts in millions)	Parent Guarantor			Issuer			All Other Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $52,611 and allowance for credit losses of $—)	$	—		$	—		$	60,480		$	—		$	60,480
Equity securities, at fair value		—			—			198			—			198
Commercial mortgage loans (net of unamortized balance of loan origination fees and costs of $4)		—			—			6,856			—			6,856
Less: Allowance for credit losses		—			—			(26	)		—			(26	)

Commercial mortgage loans, net		—			—			6,830			—			6,830
Policy loans		—			—			2,050			—			2,050
Limited partnerships		—			—			1,900			—			1,900
Other invested assets		—			27			793			—			820
Investments in subsidiaries		15,517			15,626			—			(31,143	)		—

Total investments		15,517			15,653			72,251			(31,143	)		72,278
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		—			331			1,240			—			1,571
Accrued investment income		—			—			647			—			647
Deferred acquisition costs		—			—			1,146			—			1,146
Intangible assets		—			—			143			—			143
Reinsurance recoverable		—			—			16,868			—			16,868
Less: Allowance for credit losses		—			—			(55	)		—			(55	)

Reinsurance recoverable, net		—			—			16,813			—			16,813
Other assets		5			207			176			—			388
Intercompany notes receivable		—			15			1			(16	)		—
Deferred tax assets		4			555			(440	)		—			119
Separate account assets		—			—			6,066			—			6,066

Total assets	$	15,526		$	16,761		$	98,043		$	(31,159	)	$	99,171

Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits	$	—		$	—		$	41,528		$	—		$	41,528
Policyholder account balances		—			—			19,354			—			19,354
Liability for policy and contract claims		—			—			11,841			—			11,841
Unearned premiums		—			—			672			—			672
Other liabilities		4			64			1,443			—			1,511
Intercompany notes payable		12			1			3			(16	)		—
Long-term borrowings		—			1,159			740			—			1,899
Separate account liabilities		—			—			6,066			—			6,066
Liabilities related to discontinued operations		—			30			4			—			34

Total liabilities		16			1,254			81,651			(16	)		82,905

Equity:
Common stock		1			—			4			(4	)		1
Additional paid-in capital		11,858			12,724			18,135			(30,859	)		11,858
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		3,861			3,861			3,906			(7,767	)		3,861
Retained earnings		2,490			(1,078	)		(6,709	)		7,787			2,490
Treasury stock, at cost		(2,700	)		—			—			—			(2,700	)

Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		15,510			15,507			15,336			(30,843	)		15,510
Noncontrolling interests		—			—			1,056			(300	)		756

Total equity		15,510			15,507			16,392			(31,143	)		16,266

Total liabilities and equity	$	15,526		$	16,761		$	98,043		$	(31,159	)	$	99,171

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating income statement information for the three months ended March 31, 2022:


(Amounts in millions)	Parent Guarantor			Issuer			All Other Subsidiaries		Eliminations			Consolidated
Revenues:
Premiums	$	—		$	—		$	931	$	—		$	931
Net investment income		(1	)		—			765		—			764
Net investment gains (losses)		—			—			28		—			28
Policy fees and other income		—			—			169		—			169

Total revenues		(1	)		—			1,893		—			1,892

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		—			—			1,139		—			1,139
Interest credited		—			—			125		—			125
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		8			3			260		—			271
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		—			—			92		—			92
Interest expense		—			13			13		—			26

Total benefits and expenses		8			16			1,629		—			1,653

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in income of subsidiaries		(9	)		(16	)		264		—			239
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		(2	)		(3	)		63		—			58
Equity in income of subsidiaries		156			172			—		(328	)		—

Income from continuing operations		149			159			201		(328	)		181
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			(2	)		—		—			(2	)

Net income		149			157			201		(328	)		179
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			30		—			30
Less: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			—		—			—

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	149		$	157		$	171	$	(328	)	$	149

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating income statement information for the year ended December 31, 2021:


(Amounts in millions)	Parent Guarantor			Issuer			All Other Subsidiaries		Eliminations			Consolidated
Revenues:
Premiums	$	—		$	—		$	3,435	$	—		$	3,435
Net investment income		(3	)		—			3,373		—			3,370
Net investment gains (losses)		—			—			323		—			323
Policy fees and other income		—			(1	)		703		2			704

Total revenues		(3	)		(1	)		7,834		2			7,832

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		—			—			4,383		—			4,383
Interest credited		—			—			508		—			508
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		25			44			1,154		—			1,223
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		—			—			377		—			377
Interest expense		(1	)		109			50		2			160

Total benefits and expenses		24			153			6,472		2			6,651

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in income of subsidiaries		(27	)		(154	)		1,362		—			1,181
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		(1	)		(33	)		297		—			263
Equity in income of subsidiaries		930			1,041			—		(1,971	)		—

Income from continuing operations		904			920			1,065		(1,971	)		918
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			13			14		—			27

Net income		904			933			1,079		(1,971	)		945
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			33		—			33
Less: net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			8		—			8

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	904		$	933		$	1,038	$	(1,971	)	$	904

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating comprehensive income statement information for the three months ended March 31, 2022:


	Parent						All Other
(Amounts in millions)	Guarantor			Issuer			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Net income	$	149		$	157		$	201		$	(328	)	$	179
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities without an allowance for credit losses		(1,010	)		(1,010	)		(1,051	)		2,020			(1,051	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities with an allowance for credit losses		—			—			—			—			—
Derivatives qualifying as hedges		(236	)		(236	)		(237	)		473			(236	)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments		(5	)		(5	)		(5	)		10			(5	)

Total other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,251	)		(1,251	)		(1,293	)		2,503			(1,292	)

Total comprehensive loss		(1,102	)		(1,094	)		(1,092	)		2,175			(1,113	)
Less: comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			(11	)		—			(11	)

Total comprehensive loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(1,102	)	$	(1,094	)	$	(1,081	)	$	2,175		$	(1,102	)

The following table presents the condensed consolidating comprehensive income statement information for the year ended December 31, 2021:


	Parent						All Other
(Amounts in millions)	Guarantor			Issuer			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Net income	$	904		$	933		$	1,079		$	(1,971	)	$	945
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities without an allowance for credit losses		(334	)		(335	)		(371	)		670			(370	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities with an allowance for credit losses		6			6			6			(12	)		6
Derivatives qualifying as hedges		(186	)		(186	)		(215	)		401			(186	)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments		(24	)		(24	)		149			47			148

Total other comprehensive income (loss)		(538	)		(539	)		(431	)		1,106			(402	)

Total comprehensive income		366			394			648			(865	)		543
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		—			—			177			—			177

Total comprehensive income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	366		$	394		$	471		$	(865	)	$	366

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating cash flow statement information for the three months ended March 31, 2022:


	Parent						All Other
(Amounts in millions)	Guarantor			Issuer			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from (used by) operating activities:
Net income	$	149		$	157		$	201		$	(328	)	$	179
Less loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			2			—			—			2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from (used by) operating activities:
Equity in income from subsidiaries		(156	)		(172	)		—			328			—
Amortization of fixed maturity securities discounts and premiums		—			1			(35	)		—			(34	)
Net investment (gains) losses		—			—			(28	)		—			(28	)
Charges assessed to policyholders		—			—			(150	)		—			(150	)
Acquisition costs deferred		—			—			(2	)		—			(2	)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		—			—			92			—			92
Deferred income taxes		1			44			12			—			57
Derivative instruments, limited partnerships and other		—			3			(108	)		—			(105	)
Stock-based compensation expense		7			—			3			—			10
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income and other assets		5			2			(50	)		—			(43	)
Insurance reserves		—			—			249			—			249
Current tax liabilities		29			(20	)		(9	)		—			—
Other liabilities, policy and contract claims and other policy-related balances		3			—			(292	)		—			(289	)
Cash used by operating activities—discontinued operations		—			(30	)		—			—			(30	)

Net cash from (used by) operating activities		38			(13	)		(117	)		—			(92	)

Cash flows from (used by) investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities and repayments of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		—			—			730			—			730
Commercial mortgage loans		—			—			115			—			115
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		—			—			51			—			51
Proceeds from sales of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		—			—			581			—			581
Purchases and originations of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		—			—			(969	)		—			(969	)
Commercial mortgage loans		—			—			(197	)		—			(197	)
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		—			—			(137	)		—			(137	)
Short-term investments, net		—			(50	)		—			—			(50	)
Policy loans, net		—			—			14			—			14
Intercompany notes receivable, net		(16	)		(56	)		—			72			—
Capital contributions to subsidiaries		(2	)		(6	)		8			—			—

Net cash from (used by) investing activities		(18	)		(112	)		196			72			138

Cash flows from (used by) financing activities:
Deposits to universal life and investment contracts		—			—			159			—			159
Withdrawals from universal life and investment contracts		—			—			(418	)		—			(418	)
Repayment and repurchase of long-term debt		—			(82	)		—			—			(82	)
Intercompany notes payable, net		(12	)		16			68			(72	)		—
Other, net		(8	)		—			23			—			15

Net cash used by financing activities		(20	)		(66	)		(168	)		(72	)		(326	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		—			—			—			—			—

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		—			(191	)		(89	)		—			(280	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		—			331			1,240			—			1,571

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period		—			140			1,151			—			1,291
Less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of discontinued operations at end of period		—			—			—			—			—

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of continuing operations at end of period	$	—		$	140		$	1,151		$	—		$	1,291

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The following table presents the condensed consolidating cash flow statement information for the year ended December 31, 2021:


	Parent						All Other
(Amounts in millions)	Guarantor			Issuer			Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash flows from (used by) operating activities:
Net income	$	904		$	933		$	1,079		$	(1,971	)	$	945
Less income from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			(13	)		(14	)		—			(27	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from (used by) operating activities:
Equity in income from subsidiaries		(930	)		(1,041	)		—			1,971			—
Dividends from subsidiaries		—			552			(552	)		—			—
Amortization of fixed maturity securities discounts and premiums		—			6			(182	)		—			(176	)
Net investment (gains) losses		—			—			(323	)		—			(323	)
Charges assessed to policyholders		—			—			(620	)		—			(620	)
Acquisition costs deferred		—			—			(8	)		—			(8	)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		—			—			377			—			377
Deferred income taxes		—			341			(51	)		—			290
Derivative instruments, limited partnerships and other		—			75			(434	)		—			(359	)
Stock-based compensation expense		40			—			—			—			40
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income and other assets		(1	)		9			(137	)		—			(129	)
Insurance reserves		—			—			642			—			642
Current tax liabilities		(5	)		17			(46	)		—			(34	)
Other liabilities, policy and contract claims and other policy-related balances		(13	)		(40	)		363			—			310
Cash from (used by) operating activities—discontinued operations		—			(564	)		73			—			(491	)

Net cash from (used by) operating activities		(5	)		275			167			—			437

Cash flows from (used by) investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities and repayments of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		—			—			4,162			—			4,162
Commercial mortgage loans		—			—			874			—			874
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		—			—			255			—			255
Proceeds from sales of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		—			—			2,273			—			2,273
Purchases and originations of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		—			—			(5,216	)		—			(5,216	)
Commercial mortgage loans		—			—			(963	)		—			(963	)
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		—			—			(767	)		—			(767	)
Short-term investments, net		—			—			18			—			18
Policy loans, net		—			—			57			—			57
Intercompany notes receivable, net		—			4			(1	)		(3	)		—
Capital contributions to subsidiaries		(2	)		—			2			—			—
Proceeds from sale of business, net of cash transferred		—			—			270			—			270
Cash used by investing activities—discontinued operations		—			—			(67	)		—			(67	)

Net cash from (used by) investing activities		(2	)		4			897			(3	)		896

Cash flows from (used by) financing activities:
Deposits to universal life and investment contracts		—			—			669			—			669
Withdrawals from universal life and investment contracts		—			—			(2,071	)		—			(2,071	)
Repayment and repurchase of long-term debt		—			(1,541	)		—			—			(1,541	)
Intercompany notes payable, net		12			1			(16	)		3			—
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests		—			529			—			—			529
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests		—			—			(37	)		—			(37	)
Other, net		(5	)		(15	)		52			—			32

Net cash from (used by) financing activities		7			(1,026	)		(1,403	)		3			(2,419	)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (includes $(1) related to discontinued operations)		—			—			1			—			1

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		—			(747	)		(338	)		—			(1,085	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		—			1,078			1,578			—			2,656

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period		—			331			1,240			—			1,571
Less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of discontinued operations at end of period		—			—			—			—			—

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of continuing operations at end of period	$	—		$	331		$	1,240		$	—		$	1,571

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As of March 31, 2022, Genworth Financial’s and Genworth Holdings’ subsidiaries had restricted net assets of $14.3 billion and $14.6 billion, respectively. Genworth Financial’s and Genworth Holdings’ insurance subsidiaries are subject to oversight by applicable insurance laws and regulations as to the amount of dividends they may pay to their parent in any year, the purpose of which is to protect affected insurance policyholders and contractholders, not stockholders. In general, dividends in excess of prescribed limits are deemed “extraordinary” and require insurance regulatory approval. Based on statutory results as of December 31, 2021, in accordance with applicable dividend restrictions, Enact Holdings could pay ordinary dividends of approximately $70 million in 2022, and the remaining net assets are considered restricted. While the $70 million is considered unrestricted, Enact Holdings may not pay dividends at this level during 2022 for a variety of reasons, including the need to preserve capital for regulatory purposes, future growth and capital requirements. Although the business performance and financial results of our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries have improved significantly, as of December 31, 2021, they had negative unassigned surplus of approximately $1.0 billion under statutory accounting and as a result, we do not expect these subsidiaries to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

For additional information on Genworth Financial’s capital management plans, including a new share repurchase program, see “Item 2—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of the loss of fair value resulting from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices. Market risk is directly influenced by the volatility and liquidity in the markets in which the related underlying financial instruments are traded. There were no material changes in our market risks since December 31, 2021. See “—Business trends and conditions” and “—Investments and Derivative Instruments” in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further discussion of recent market conditions, including changes in interest rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of March 31, 2022, an evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting During the Quarter Ended March 31, 2022

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item	1. Legal Proceedings

See note 11 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Part 1—Item 1—Financial Statements” for a description of material pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us.

Item	1A. Risk Factors

The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which together describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in the above-referenced filing as of March 31, 2022.

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Item 6. Exhibits


Number		Description

31.1		Certification of Thomas J. McInerney (filed herewith)

31.2		Certification of Daniel J. Sheehan IV (filed herewith)

32.1		Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code— Thomas J. McInerney (filed herewith)

32.2		Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code— Daniel J. Sheehan IV (filed herewith)

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC. (Registrant)
Date: May 5, 2022

	By:	/s/ Jerome T. Upton
		Jerome T. Upton Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)

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