Glatfelter Corp - Quarter Report: 2009 June (Form 10-Q)

1.		ORGANIZATION

     P. H. Glatfelter Company and subsidiaries (“Glatfelter”, “our”, “us”, or “we”) is a manufacturer of specialty papers and engineered products. Headquartered in York, Pennsylvania, our manufacturing facilities are located in Spring Grove, Pennsylvania; Chillicothe and Freemont, Ohio; Gloucestershire (Lydney), England; Caerphilly, Wales; Gernsbach, Germany; Scaër, France; and the Philippines. Our products are marketed throughout the United States and in over 85 other countries, either through wholesale paper merchants, brokers and agents or directly to customers.

2.		ACCOUNTING POLICIES

     Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Glatfelter and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. We have evaluated all subsequent events through August 7, 2009, the date the financial statements were issued.

     We prepared these consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“generally accepted accounting principles” or “GAAP”). In our opinion, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal, recurring adjustments needed to present fairly our results for the interim periods. When preparing these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, we have assumed that you have read the audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K (“2008 Form 10-K”).

     Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingencies as of the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are reasonable, based upon currently available facts and known circumstances, but recognizes that actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.

3.		RECENT PRONOUNCEMENTS

     On December 30, 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 132(R)-1 “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets” (“FSP FAS 132(R)-1”). This standard, which will be effective for us beginning December 31, 2009, will require more detailed disclosures about pension plan assets, our investment strategies, major categories of plan assets, concentrations of risk within the plan, and valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The adoption of FSP FAS 132(R)-1 is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operation.

4.		ALTERNATIVE FUEL MIXTURE CREDITS

     The U.S. Internal Revenue Code provides a tax credit for companies that use alternative fuel mixtures to produce energy to operate their businesses. The credit, equal to $0.50 per gallon of alternative fuel contained in the mixture, is refundable to the taxpayer. We began mixing black liquor and diesel fuel in late February 2009 and filed an application to be registered as an alternative fuel mixer with the Internal Revenue Service in March 2009. On May 11, 2009, we were notified by the Internal Revenue Service that our application to be registered as an alternative fuel mixer was approved. We subsequently filed an excise tax refund claim for the alternative fuel mixture consumed at our Spring Grove, PA and Chillicothe, OH facilities during the period February 20, 2009 through May 17, 2009 (the “First Refund Claim”). The Company received a payment from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) on June 30, 2009 in the amount of $29.7 million related to the First Refund Claim.

     In addition, for the period May 18, 2009 through June 30, 2009, we earned an additional $12.8 million of alternative fuel mixture credits for which a claim has yet to be submitted to the IRS. We intend to claim this amount as a non-taxable income tax credit in connection with the filing of our 2009 federal corporate income tax return.

     The accompanying consolidated statement of income for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2009 includes a credit of $40.8 million in cost of products sold representing eligible alternative fuel mixture credits earned through June 30, 2009, net of associated expenses. On an after-tax basis, we recognized $30.7 million of alternative fuel mixture credits during the second quarter of 2009.

     According to the Internal Revenue Code, the tax credit is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2009. However, there can be no assurances that the incentive program for alternative fuel mixtures will continue in effect or that its provisions, including taxes applicable to the credits, will not be changed, or that we will be successful in receiving future credits under the program.

5.		GAIN ON DISPOSITIONS OF PLANT, EQUIPMENT AND TIMBERLANDS

     During the first six months of 2009 and 2008, we completed sales of timberlands as summarized by the following table:

Dollars in thousands		Acres				Proceeds				Gain
2009
Timberlands			189			$	728			$	699
Other			n/a				—				(27	)
						$	728			$	672
2008
Timberlands			3,595			$	14,997			$	14,603
Other			n/a				—				(101	)
						$	14,997			$	14,502

6.		EARNINGS PER SHARE

     The following table sets forth the details of basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS):

		Three months ended
		June 30
In thousands, except per share		2009				2008
Net income		$	19,870			$	3,156
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in basic EPS			45,658				45,227
Common shares issuable upon exercise of dilutive stock options, restricted stock awards and performance awards			40				439
Weighted average common shares outstanding and common share equivalents used in diluted EPS			45,698				45,666
Earnings per share
Basic		$	0.44			$	0.07
Diluted			0.43				0.07

		Six months ended June 30
In thousands, except per share		2009				2008
Net income		$	31,408			$	22,831
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in basic EPS			45,624				45,192
Common shares issuable upon exercise of dilutive stock options, restricted stock awards and performance awards			30				402
Weighted average common shares outstanding and common share equivalents used in diluted EPS			45,654				45,594
Earnings per share
Basic		$	0.69			$	0.51
Diluted			0.69				0.50

     Approximately 2,287,620 and 688,500 of potential common shares have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three month period ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, due to their anti-dilutive nature. The amounts excluded for the six month period ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, were 2,287,620 and 691,500, respectively.

7.		INCOME TAXES

     Income taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The effects of income taxes are measured based on enacted tax laws and rates.

     As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had $29.4 million and $29.2 million, respectively, of gross unrecognized tax benefits. As of June 30, 2009, if such benefits were to be recognized, approximately $25.8 million would be recorded as a component of income tax expense, thereby affecting our effective tax rate.

     We, or one of our subsidiaries, file income tax returns with the United States Internal Revenue Service, as well as various state and foreign authorities. The following table summarizes tax years that remain subject to examination by major jurisdiction:

		Open Tax Year
		Examination in				Not under
Jurisdiction		progress				examination
United States
Federal			N/A			2007 and 2008
State			2004				2003 — 2008
International
Germany (1)			2003 — 2006			2007 and 2008
France			N/A				2006 — 2008
United Kingdom			N/A				2006 — 2008
Philippines			2005 — 2007				2008

     The amount of income taxes we pay is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities, which often result in proposed assessments. Management performs a comprehensive review of its global tax positions on a quarterly basis and accrues amounts for uncertain tax positions. Based on these reviews and the result of discussions and resolutions of matters with certain tax authorities and the closure of tax years subject to tax audit, reserves are adjusted as necessary. However, future results may include favorable or unfavorable adjustments to our estimated tax liabilities in the period the assessments are determined or resolved or as such statutes are closed. Due to potential for resolution of federal, state and foreign examinations, and the expiration of various statutes of limitation, it is reasonably possible our gross unrecognized tax benefits balance may change within the next twelve months by a range of $0.8 million to $8.5 million. Substantially all of this range relates to tax positions taken in the U.S. and in Germany.

     On July 14, 2009, we received notification that the IRS’ examination of our federal returns for the tax years 2004 through 2006 was completed. Accordingly, we expect to recognize in the third quarter of 2009 approximately $0.6 million, net, of previously unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions for these periods.

     We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as income tax expense. Interest expense recognized in the second quarter of 2009 totaled $0.3 million. Accrued interest was $3.3 million and $2.6 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. We did not record any penalties associated with uncertain tax positions during the second quarters of 2009 or 2008.

8.		STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

     On April 29, 2009, shareholders approved the P. H. Glatfelter Amended and Restated Long Term Incentive Plan (the “LTIP”) to authorize, among other things, the issuance of up to 5,500,000 shares of Glatfelter common stock to eligible participants. The LTIP provides for the issuance of restricted stock units, restricted stock awards, non-qualified stock options, performance shares, incentive stock options and performance units.

     Restricted Stock Units (“RSU”) Awards of RSU are made under our LTIP. The RSUs vest based solely on the passage of time on a graded scale over a three, four, and five-year period. The following table summarizes RSU activity during the first six months of 2009:

Units		2009
Beginning balance			486,988
Granted			205,360
Forfeited			(4,800	)
Restriction lapsed/shares delivered			(5,747	)
Ending balance			681,801
Dollars in thousands
Compensation expense		$	727

     Stock Only Stock Appreciation Rights (SOSARs) Under terms of the SOSAR, the recipients receive the right to a payment in the form of shares of common stock equal to the difference, if any, in the fair market value of one share of common stock at the time of exercising the SOSAR and the strike price. The SOSARs vest ratably over a three year period and have a term of ten years. The following table sets forth information related to outstanding SOSARS.

		2009
						Wtd Avg
						Exercise
SOSARS		Shares				Price
Outstanding at Jan. 1,			718,810			$	14.63
Granted			1,043,210				9.91
Exercised			—
Canceled			—
Outstanding at June 30,			1,762,020			$	11.84
Dollars in thousands
Compensation expense		$	697
2009 SOSAR Grants
Weighted average grant date fair value per share		$	2.83
Aggregate grant date fair value (in thousands)		$	2,957
Black-Scholes Assumptions
Dividend yield			3.63	%
Risk free rate of return			2.26	%
Volatility			40.59	%
Expected life			6 yrs

9.		RETIREMENT PLANS AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS

     The following table provides information with respect to the net periodic costs of our qualified and non-qualified pension plans and our post retirement medical benefit plans.

		Three months ended
		June 30
In thousands		2009				2008
Pension Benefits
Service cost		$	2,067			$	1,991
Interest cost			5,973				6,158
Expected return on plan assets			(9,936	)			(13,037	)
Amortization of prior service cost			537				597
Amortization of unrecognized loss			3,382				95
Net periodic benefit cost (income)		$	2,023			$	(4,196	)
Other Benefits
Service cost		$	653			$	503
Interest cost			882				825
Expected return on plan assets			(122	)			(216	)
Amortization of prior service cost			(309	)			(337	)
Amortization of unrecognized loss			509				359
Net periodic benefit cost		$	1,613			$	1,134
		Six months ended
		June 30
In thousands		2009				2008
Pension Benefits
Service cost		$	4,317			$	4,528
Interest cost			11,721				11,749
Expected return on plan assets			(19,780	)			(25,632	)
Amortization of prior service cost			1,074				1,197
Amortization of unrecognized loss			6,373				193
Net periodic benefit cost (income)		$	3,705			$	(7,965	)
Other Benefits
Service cost		$	1,309			$	1,061
Interest cost			1,756				1,576
Expected return on plan assets			(244	)			(417	)
Amortization of prior service cost			(617	)			(596	)
Amortization of unrecognized loss			1,037				622
Net periodic benefit cost		$	3,241			$	2,246

		June 30,				Dec. 31,
In millions		2009				2008
Pension Plan Assets
Fair value at end of period		$	416.9			$	400.6

     The fair value of the plans’ assets declined approximately 29% during 2008. As a result, during 2009 we expect to recognize net pension expense totaling approximately $7.3 million, on a pre-tax basis. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 63% of the pension plan assets were invested in publicly-traded equity securities and the balance was comprised of cash and fixed rate debt instruments.

     As of December 31, 2008, our pension plans were overfunded by $14.3 million. We do not expect to be required to make contributions to our qualified pension plans during 2009.

10.		COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

     The following table sets forth comprehensive income and its components:

		Three months ended
		June 30
In thousands		2009				2008
Net income		$	19,870			$	3,156
Foreign currency translation adjustments			19,522				(1,203	)
Amortization of unrecognized pension liability, net of tax			2,320				450
Comprehensive income		$	41,712			$	2,403
		Six months ended
		June 30
In thousands		2009				2008
Net income		$	31,408			$	22,831
Foreign currency translation adjustment			8,053				14,841
Amortization of unrecognized pension liability, net of tax			4,612				904
Comprehensive income		$	44,073			$	38,576
11.  INVENTORIES
Inventories, net of reserves, were as follows:
		June 30,				Dec. 31,
In thousands		2009			2008
Raw materials		$	52,332			$	49,083
In-process and finished			78,564				97,390
Supplies			46,961				46,881
Total		$	177,857			$	193,354

12.		LONG-TERM DEBT

     Long-term debt is summarized as follows:

		June 30,				Dec. 31,
In thousands		2009				2008
Revolving credit facility, due April 2011		$	13,334			$	6,724
Term Loan, due April 2011			22,000				30,000
Term Loan, due January 2013			36,695				36,695
Note payable, due March 2013			—				34,000
71/8% Notes, due May 2016			200,000				200,000
Total long-term debt			272,029				307,419
Less current portion			(13,759	)			(13,759	)
Long-term debt, net of current portion		$	258,270			$	293,660

     On April 3, 2006, we, along with certain of our subsidiaries as borrowers and certain of our subsidiaries as guarantors, entered into a credit agreement with certain financial institutions. Pursuant to the credit agreement, we may borrow, repay and reborrow revolving credit loans in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $200 million outstanding at any time. All borrowings under our credit facility are unsecured. The revolving credit commitment expires on April 2, 2011.

     In addition, on April 3, 2006, pursuant to the credit agreement, we received a term loan in the principal amount of $100 million. Quarterly repayments of principal outstanding under the term loan began on March 31, 2007 with the final principal payment due on April 2, 2011. In addition, if certain prepayment events occur, such as the incurrence of additional indebtedness in excess of $30.0 million in the aggregate, or the issuance of additional equity; we must repay a specified portion of the term loan within five days of the prepayment event.

     We have the right to prepay the term loan and revolving credit borrowings in whole or in part without premium or penalty, subject to timing conditions related to the interest rate option chosen.

     Borrowings under the credit agreement bear interest, at our option, at either (a) the bank’s base rate described in the credit agreement as the greater of the prime rate or the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points, or (b) the EURO rate based generally on the London Interbank Offer Rate, plus an applicable margin that varies from 67.5 basis points to 137.5 basis points according to our corporate credit rating determined by S&P and Moody’s.

     The credit agreement contains a number of customary covenants for financings of this type that, among other things, restrict our ability to dispose of or create liens on assets, incur additional indebtedness, repay other indebtedness, create liens on assets, make acquisitions and engage in mergers or consolidations. We are also required to comply with specified financial tests and

ratios, each as defined in the credit agreement, including a consolidated minimum net worth test and a maximum debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) ratio. A breach of these requirements, of which we were not aware of any at June 30, 2009, would give rise to certain remedies under the credit agreement as amended, among which are the termination of the agreement and accelerated repayment of the outstanding borrowings plus accrued and unpaid interest under the credit facility.

     On April 28, 2006, we completed an offering of $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 7¹/₈% Senior Notes due 2016. Net proceeds from this offering totaled approximately $196.4 million, after deducting the commissions and other fees and expenses relating to the offering. The proceeds were primarily used to redeem $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of our then outstanding 6⁷/₈% notes due July 2007, plus the payment of applicable redemption premium and accrued interest.

     Interest on these Senior Notes accrues at the rate of 7¹/₈% per annum and is payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1.

     Prior to May 1, 2011, we may redeem all, but not less than all, of the notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, plus a ‘‘make-whole’’ premium. On or after May 1, 2011, we may redeem some or all of the notes at specified redemption prices.

     The 7¹/₈% Senior Note agreement contains a “cross-default” clause that provides if there were to be an event of default under the credit agreement discussed earlier, we would also be in default under the 7¹/₈% Senior Notes.

     In November 2007, we sold timberlands and as consideration received a $43.2 million, 20-year interest bearing note receivable from the timberland buyer (the “Glawson Note”). In January 2008, we monetized the Glawson Note. In this transaction, we entered into a new $36.7 million term loan agreement (the “2008 Term Loan”) with a financial institution. The 2008 Term Loan matures in January 2013 and bears interest at a six-month reserve adjusted LIBOR plus a margin rate of 1.20% per annum. This is secured by, among other assets, the Glawson Note together with a letter of credit issued in our favor by Royal Bank of Scotland, plc. backing the collectability of the Glawson Note.

     The Glawson Note is recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets under the caption “Other long-term assets.”

     On March 21, 2003, we sold timberlands and received as consideration a $37.9 million 10-year interest bearing note receivable from the timberland buyer Sustainable Conservation, Inc. (the “Sustainable Note”). We pledged this note as collateral under a $34.0 million promissory note payable to a financial institution (the “Note Payable”). The Note Payable, as amended was scheduled to mature in March 2013 and was secured by a letter of credit issued in our favor by SunTrust Bank backing the collectability of the Sustainable Note.

     Under terms of each of the above transactions, minimum credit ratings must be maintained by the respective financial institution issuing the letters of credit. If, after 60 days from the date such credit rating falls below the specified minimum, an “event of default” is deemed to have occurred under the respective debt instrument owed by us to the financial institution unless actions are taken to cure such default. Potential remedial actions include: (i) amending the terms of the applicable debt instrument; (ii) a replacement of the letter of credit with an appropriately rated institution; or (iii) repaying the Note Payable.

     On April 23, 2009, the credit rating of the financial institution that issued the letter of credit behind the Sustainable Note fell below the required minimum level. To avoid the occurrence of an event of default associated with the credit downgrade of SunTrust, on June 10, 2009, we, Sustainable Conservation and SunTrust agreed to collapse the transaction, the effect of which was: i) the acceleration of the maturity date of the Sustainable Note to June 10, 2009; (ii) satisfaction in full of the $37.9 million Sustainable Note owed to us; and iii) the satisfaction in full of the $34 million indebtedness owed by us to SunTrust under the Term Loan Agreement. As a result, we received net proceeds of approximately $3.5 million, after transaction costs.

     P. H. Glatfelter Company guarantees debt obligations of all its subsidiaries. All such obligations are recorded in these consolidated financial statements.

     As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had $5.8 million and $12.1 million, respectively, of letters of credit issued to us by certain financial institutions. The letters of credit outstanding as of June 30, 2009, provide financial assurances primarily for the benefit of certain state workers compensation insurance agencies in conjunction with our self-insurance program. We bear the credit risk on this amount to the extent that we do not comply with the provisions of certain agreements. No amounts are outstanding under the letters of credit.

13.		ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

     During 2008, we recorded $11.5 million, net present value, of asset retirement obligations related to the legal requirement to close several lagoons at our Spring Grove, PA facility. Historically, the lagoons were used to dispose of residual waste material. Closure of the lagoons, which is expected to occur over the next eight years, will be accomplished by filling the lagoons and installing a non-permeable liner which will be covered with soil to construct the required cap over the lagoons. The amount referred to above was accrued with a corresponding increase in the carrying value of the property, equipment and timberlands caption on the consolidated balance sheet. The amount capitalized is being depreciated as a charge to operations on the straight-line basis in relation to the expected closure period. The amount accrued represented the discounted present value of the expected cash flows to be incurred during the closure period. The present value of the discounted cash flows is being accreted as a charge to earnings on the effective interest method. Following is a summary of activity recorded during the first six months of 2009:

In thousands		Liability
Balance at December 31, 2008		$	11,606
Accretion			322
Payments			(851	)
Balance at June 30, 2009		$	11,077

     Of the total liability at June 30, 2009, $1.6 million is recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, under the caption “Other current liabilities” and $9.5 million is recorded under the caption “Other long-term liabilities.”

14.		FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

     The amounts reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other assets, and short-term debt approximate fair value. The following table sets forth carrying value and fair value of long-term debt:

		June 30, 2009									December 31, 2008
		Carrying				Fair					Carrying				Fair
In thousands		Value				Value					Value				Value
Fixed-rate Bonds		$	200,000			$	163,404				$	200,000			$	167,727
Fixed rate note payable			—				—					34,000				36,164
Variable rate debt			72,029				76,300					73,419				75,202
Total		$	272,029			$	239,704				$	307,419			$	279,093

     We have $200.0 million of 7¹/₈% fixed rate debt that is publicly registered, but is thinly traded, and therefore, market prices are not readily available. Accordingly, the values set forth above were derived from independent pricing service’s algorithm based on debt instruments with similar characteristics. The fair value of the

remaining debt instruments was estimated using discounted cash flow models based on interest rates obtained from readily available, independent sources.

15.		COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

     Fox River — Neenah, Wisconsin

     Background We have significant uncertainties associated with environmental claims arising out of the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”) in sediments in the lower Fox River and in the Bay of Green Bay Wisconsin (“Site”). As part of the 1979 acquisition of the Bergstrom Paper Company we acquired a facility located at the Site (the “Neenah Facility”). In part, the Neenah Facility used wastepaper as a source of fiber. At no time did the Neenah Facility utilize PCBs in the pulp and paper making process, but discharges to the lower Fox River from the Neenah Facility which may have contained PCBs from wastepaper may have occurred from 1954 to the late 1970s. Any PCBs that our Neenah Facility discharged into the lower Fox River resulted from the presence of PCBs in NCR®-brand carbonless copy paper in the wastepaper that was recycled at the Neenah Facility. We closed the Neenah Facility in June 2006.

     The United States, the State of Wisconsin and various state and federal governmental agencies (collectively, the “Governments”), as well as private parties, have found PCBs in sediments on the bed of the Fox River, apparently from a number of sources at municipal and industrial facilities along the upstream and downstream portions of the Site. The Governments have identified manufacturing and recycling of NCR®-brand carbonless copy paper as the principal source of that contamination.

     The United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) has divided the lower Fox River and the Bay of Green Bay site into five “operable units” numbered from the most upstream (“OU1”) to the most downstream (“OU5”). OU1 is the reach from primarily Lake Winnebago to the dam at Appleton, and is comprised of Little Lake Butte des Morts. Our Neenah Facility discharged its wastewater into OU1. OU2 extends from the dam at Appleton to the dam at Little Rapids, OU3 from the dam at Little Rapids to the dam at De Pere, OU4 from the dam at De Pere to the mouth of the river, and OU5 from the mouth into the lower portion of Green Bay. The river extends 39 miles from the upstream end of OU1 to the downstream end of OU4.

     Our liabilities, if any, for this contamination primarily arise under the federal Comprehensive Environmental, Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA” or “Superfund”). The Governments have sought to recover “response actions” or “response

costs,” which are the costs of studying and cleaning up contamination, from various “responsible parties.” In addition, various natural resource trustee agencies of the United States, the States of Wisconsin and Michigan, and several Indian Tribes (the “Natural Resources Trustees” or “Trustees”) have sought to recover natural resource damages (“NRDs”), including natural resource damage assessment costs. Parties that have incurred response costs or NRDs either voluntarily or in response to the governments’ and Trustees’ demands may have an opportunity to seek contribution or other recovery of some or all of those costs from other parties who are jointly and severally responsible under Superfund for those costs. Therefore, as we incur costs, we also acquire a claim against other parties who may not have paid their equitable share of those costs. As others incur costs, they acquire a claim against us to the extent that they claim that we have not paid our equitable share of the total. Any party that resolves its liability to the United States or a state in a judicially or administratively approved settlement agreement obtains protection from contribution claims for matters addressed in the settlement.

     For these reasons, all of the parties who are potentially responsible (“PRPs”) under CERCLA for response costs or NRDs have exposure to liability for: (a) the cost of past response actions taken by anyone else, (b) the cost of past NRD payments or restoration projects incurred by anyone else, (c) the cost of response actions to be taken in the future, and (d) NRDs. All of this exposure is subject to substantial defenses, including, for example, that the PRP is not liable or not jointly and severally liable for any particular cost or damage, that the cost or damage is not recoverable under CERCLA or any other law, or that the recovery is barred by the passage of time. In addition, a party that has incurred or committed to incur costs or has paid NRDs may be able to claim credit for that cost or payment in any equitable allocation of response costs or NRDs in any action for reallocation of costs.

     Cleanup Decisions. Our liability exposure depends importantly on the decisions made by EPA and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (“WDNR”) as to how the Site will be cleaned up, and consequently the costs and timing of those response actions. The nature of the response actions has been highly controversial. EPA issued a record of decision (“ROD”) selecting response actions for OU1 and OU2 in December 2002. EPA issued a separate ROD selecting response actions for OU3, OU4, and OU5 in March 2004.

     As the result of continuing discussions with parties other than us, as well as our experience in OU1 (discussed below), EPA amended the ROD for OU2-5 in June 2007 to rely less on dredging and more on capping and covering of sediments containing PCBs. The governments project that these methods will allow certain costs to be lower for this portion of the cleanup. In June 2008, EPA amended the ROD for OU1.

     NRD Assessment. The Natural Resources Trustees have engaged in work to assess NRDs at and arising from the Site. However, they have not completed a required NRD Assessment under the pertinent regulations. The Trustees’ estimate of NRDs ranges from $176 million to $333 million, some of which has already been satisfied. With specific respect to NRD claims, we contended that the Trustees’ claims are barred by the applicable 3 year statute of limitations.

     Past Costs Demand. By letter dated January 15, 2009, EPA demanded that we and six other parties reimburse EPA for approximately $17.6 million in costs that EPA claims it incurred as necessary costs of response not subject to any other agreement in this matter. The supporting documentation provided by EPA has not yet allowed us fully to evaluate this demand, and, accordingly we are unable to reasonably estimate our potential liability.

     Work Under Agreements, Orders, and Decrees. As we mention above, our exposure to liability depends on the amount of work done, costs incurred, and damages paid both by us and by others. The procedural context of the work done, costs incurred, and damages paid also matter.

     Since 1991, the Governments and various groups of potentially responsible parties, including us, have entered into a series of agreements, orders, and decrees under which we and others have performed work, incurred costs, or paid damages in connection with the Site. As a result, some parties have contributed or performed substantial work at the Site and at least one party, Fort Howard Corporation (whose successor is either the Fort James Operating Company or Georgia Pacific Corporation) has resolved its NRD liability at the Site.

     Notably, in April 2004, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin entered a consent decree (“OU1 Consent Decree”) in United States v. P.H. Glatfelter Co., No. 2:03-cv-949, under which we and WTM I Corp. have been implementing the remedy in OU1, dividing costs evenly in addition to a $7 million contribution from Menasha Corp. and a $10 million contribution that the United States contributed from a separate settlement in United States v. Appleton Papers Inc., No. 2:01-cv-816, obligating NCR and Appleton Papers to contribute to certain NRD projects. In June 2008, the parties entered into an amendment to the OU1 Consent Decree (“Amended OU1 Consent Decree”). The amendment allows for implementation of the amended remedy for OU1. It also commits us and WTM I to implement that remedy without a cost limitation on that commitment. The court entered the Amended OU1 Consent Decree in August 2008.

     Further, in November 2007, EPA issued an administrative order for remedial action (“UAO”) to Appleton Papers Inc., CBC Coating, Inc. (formerly known as Riverside Paper Corporation), Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products, L.P. (formerly known as Fort James Operating Company), Menasha Corporation, NCR Corporation, us, U.S. Paper Mills Corp., and WTM I Company directing those respondents to implement the amended remedy in OU2—5. Shortly following issuance of the UAO, Appleton Papers Inc. and NCR Corp. commenced litigation against us and others, as described below. Accordingly, we have no vehicle for complying with the UAO’s overall requirements other than answering a judgment in the litigation, and we have so informed EPA. However, in February 2009, the EPA sent a demand to each of the respondents on the UAO other than WTM I demanding payment of the government’s oversight costs under the UAO for the period from November 2007 through August 2008. In February 2009, we notified the EPA that we believed that its demand could prove distracting to litigation commenced by Appleton Papers and NCR against the other UAO respondents. In order to remove this distraction, and in the spirit of cooperation, we would satisfy the EPA’s demand, an amount which was insignificant, in full. We have paid this amount.

     Cost estimates. Estimates of the Site remediation change over time as we, or others, gain additional experience. In addition, disagreement exists over the likely costs for some of this work. The Governments estimate that the total cost of implementing the amended remedy in OU1 will be approximately $102 million. Because we have completed a significant amount of work in this portion of the river, we believe the costs of completing the remedial actions specified in the amended ROD can be completed for this amount. The cost of implementing the remedy set forth in the amended ROD

for OU2-5 (the downstream portions of the Site) is estimated by the Governments to total between $270 million and $499 million, reflecting a contingency factor of plus or minus 30%. However, based on independent estimates commissioned by various potentially responsible parties, we believe the actual costs to be incurred to implement the remedy of OU2 — 5 will exceed the Government’s estimate by a significant amount.

     NRDs. The Trustees claim that we are jointly and severally responsible for NRDs with a value between $176 million and $333 million. We deny (a) liability for most of these NRDs, (b) that if anyone is liable, that we are jointly and severally liable for the full amount; and (c) that the Trustees can pursue this claim at this late date as the limitations period for NRD claims is three years from discovery.

     Allocation. Since 1991, various potentially responsible parties have, without success, attempted to agree on a binding, final, allocation of costs and damages among themselves. All costs that they have incurred to date have been incurred individually, or under interim, nonbinding allocations. However, the consent decree in United States v. P. H. Glatfelter Co. affords us and WTM I contribution protection for claims seeking to reallocate costs of implementing the OU1 remedy, and Fort James Operating Co. (now Georgia-Pacific) has certain rights under its consent decree. Otherwise, the parties have not litigated their internal allocation with us.

     NCR and Appleton Papers Inc. have commenced litigation in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin captioned Appleton Papers Inc. v. George A. Whiting Paper Co., No. 2:08-cv-16, seeking to reallocate costs and damages allegedly incurred or paid or to be incurred or paid by NCR or Appleton Papers (the “Whiting Litigation”). They have to date joined a number of defendants, dismissed some of those, filed a parallel action, and consolidated the two cases. At present, the case involves allocation claims among the two plaintiffs and 28 defendants: us, George A. Whiting Paper Co., Menasha Corporation, Green Bay Packaging Inc., International Paper Company, Leicht Transfer & Storage Company, Neenah Foundry Company, Newpage Wisconsin System Inc., The Procter & Gamble Paper Products Company, Wisconsin Public Service Corp., the Cities of Appleton, De Pere, and Green Bay, Brown County, Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District, Heart of the Valley Metropolitan Sewerage District, Neenah-Menasha Sewerage Commission, WTM I Company, U.S. Paper Mills Corporation, Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP, Georgia-Pacific LLC, Fort James Operating Company, CBC Coating Company, Inc., Fort James Corporation, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, LaFarge North America Inc., Union Pacific Railroad Company, and the United States Army Corps of

Engineers. As the result of certain third-party claims, federal agencies other than the Corps of Engineers are also involved in this allocation. That litigation may be expected to result in an allocation of responsibility, at least as among these parties.

     On July 16, 2009, the United States lodged a proposed de minimis party consent decree (‘Consent Decree”) with the court asking that the Court approve a settlement with eleven defendants to resolve their liability for this site. The eleven settling defendants are: George A. Whiting Paper Co.; Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District; Green Bay Packaging, Inc.; Heart of the Valley Metropolitan Sewerage District; International Paper Co.; LaFarge North America Inc.; Leicht Transfer and Storage Co.; Neenah Foundry Co.; Procter & Gamble Paper Products Co.; Union Pacific Railroad Co.; and Wisconsin Public Service Corp. (collectively, the Settling Defendants”). The Consent Decree reflects the conclusion of the United States and the State of Wisconsin that each of the Settling Defendants qualifies for treatment as a de minimis party under CERCLA. The Consent Decree requires the Settling Defendants to make a collective payment of $1,875,000. If approved by the Court, the Consent Decree would remove these parties from the litigation.

     The court has entered a case management order segmenting the Whiting Litigation for discovery and trial. The first phase of the Whiting Litigation, addressing a single set of issues, is currently scheduled for trial beginning in December 2009. Resolution of those issues could adjudicate the entire case or it may resolve those issues sufficiently that the parties can then settle their remaining disputes. However, there can be no assurance that the first phase of the Whiting Litigation will result, directly or indirectly, in a judgment or settlement disposing of all claims among the parties.

     We contend that we are not jointly and severally liable for costs or damages arising from the presence of PCBs downstream of OU1. In addition, we contend that NCR or other sources of NCR^®-brand carbonless copy paper that our Neenah Mill recycled bear most of the responsibility for costs and damages arising from the presence of PCBs in OU1. Other parties disagree.

     To date we have spent nearly $50 million implementing the remedy in OU1, and under the various agreements, orders, and decrees under which we and others have performed work, incurred costs, or paid damages in connection with the Site.

     Reserves for the Fox River Site. As of June 30, 2009, our reserve for our claimed liability at the Fox River, including our remediation obligations at OU1, our claimed liability for the remediation of OU2-5, our claimed liability for NRDs associated with PCB contamination at the Site and all pending, threatened or asserted and unasserted claims against us relating to PCB contamination at the Site totaled $18.4 million. No additional amounts were accrued during the first half of 2009 and 2008. Of our total reserve for the Fox River, $3.2 million is recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets under the caption “Environmental liabilities” and the remaining $15.2 million is recorded under the caption “Other long term liabilities.”

     Under the OU1 Consent Decree which was signed in 2004, we contributed $27.0 million to past and future costs and NRDs. We later contributed $6.0 million under an agreed supplement to the OU1 Consent Decree and have since contributed an additional $9.5 million under the Amended Consent Decree. This amount includes $6.5 million contributed in January 2009. WTM I has contributed parallel amounts. These funds are placed into an escrow account from which we and WTM I pay for work on the project. As required by the Amended Consent Decree, in a quarterly report submitted to EPA in November 2008, we and WTM I concluded that the amounts in the escrow account would be sufficient to pay for the estimated cost of the work at OU1, including operation, maintenance, and other post-construction expenses. However, there can be no assurance that these amounts will in fact suffice. WTM I has filed a bankruptcy petition in the Bankruptcy Court in Richmond. There can be no assurance should additional amounts be required to complete the project that WTM I will be able to fulfill its obligation to pay half the additional cost.

     We believe that we have strong defenses to liability for remediation of OU2-5 including the existence of ample data that indicates that PCBs did not leave OU1 in concentrations that could have caused or contributed to the need for cleanup in OU2-5. Others, including the EPA and other PRPs, disagree with us and, as a result, the EPA has issued a UAO to us and to others to perform the OU2-5 work. NCR and Appleton Papers have recently commenced the Whiting Litigation and have joined us and others as defendants. Additional litigation associated with the remediation of the Site is likely. As illustrated by the Whiting Litigation, we believe that there are additional potentially responsible parties other than the PRPs who were named in the UAO or who have been joined in the Whiting Litigation, including the owners of public wastewater treatment facilities who discharged PCB-contaminated wastewater to the Fox River and entities providing PCB-containing wastepaper to each of the recycling mills.

     Even if we are not successful in establishing that we are not liable for the remediation of OU2-5, we do not believe that we would be allocated a significant percentage share of liability in any equitable allocation of the remediation costs and other potential damages associated with OU2–5. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include reserves for defense costs for the Whiting Litigation or any future defense costs related to our involvement at the Fox River which could be significant.

     In setting our reserve for the Fox River, we have assessed our legal defenses, including our defenses to the allegations made in the Whiting Litigation, and assumed that we will not bear the entire cost of remediation and damages to the exclusion of other known PRPs at the Site who are also potentially jointly and severally liable. The existence and ability of other PRPs to participate has also been taken into account in setting our reserve, and is generally based on our evaluation of recent publicly available financial information on each PRP, and any known insurance, indemnity or cost sharing agreements between PRPs and third parties. In addition, our assessment is based upon the magnitude, nature, location and circumstances associated with the various discharges of PCBs to the river and the relationship of those discharges to identified contamination. We will continue to evaluate our exposure and the level of our reserves, including, but not limited to, our potential share of the costs and NRDs, if any, associated with the Fox River site.

     Other than with respect to the Amended OU1 Consent Decree, the amount and timing of future expenditures for environmental compliance, cleanup, remediation and personal injury, NRDs and property damage liabilities cannot be ascertained with any certainty due to, among other things, the unknown extent and nature of any contamination, the response actions that may ultimately be required, the availability of remediation equipment, and landfill space, and the number and financial resources of any other PRPs.

     Other Information The Wisconsin DNR and FWS have each published studies, the latter in draft form, estimating the amount of PCBs discharged by each identified PRP to the lower Fox River and the Bay of Green Bay. These reports estimate the Neenah Facility’s share of the volumetric discharge to be as high as 27%. We do not believe the volumetric estimates used in these studies are accurate because (a) the studies themselves disclose that they are not accurate and (b) the volumetric estimates contained in the studies are based on assumptions that are unsupported by existing data on the Site. We believe that our volumetric contribution is significantly lower than the estimates set forth in these studies. Further, we do not believe that a volumetric allocation would constitute an equitable allocation of the potential liability for the contamination. Other factors, such as the location of contamination, the location of discharge, and a party’s role in causing discharge, must be considered in order for the allocation to be equitable.

     We previously entered into interim cost-sharing agreements with four of the other PRPs, which provided for those PRPs to share certain costs relating to scientific studies of PCBs discharged at the Site (“Interim Cost Sharing Agreements”). These interim cost-sharing agreements do not establish the final allocation of remediation costs incurred at the Site. Based upon our evaluation of the volume, nature and location of the various discharges of PCBs at the Site and the relationship of those discharges to identified contamination, we believe our allocable share of liability at the Site is less than our share of costs under the Interim Cost Sharing Agreements.

     While the Amended OU1 Consent Decree provides a negotiated framework for resolving both our and WTM I’s liability for the remediation of OU1, it does not resolve our exposure at the Site. The OU1 Consent Decree does not address response costs necessary to remediate the remainder of the Site and only addresses NRDs and claims for reimbursement of government expenses to a limited extent. Because CERCLA imposes strict joint and several liability, uncertainty persists regarding our exposure with respect to the remainder of the Fox River site. In addition, as mentioned previously, EPA has issued a UAO to us and others calling for further work in OU2-5, and Appleton Papers and NCR have commenced the Whiting Litigation that may become more complicated and involve additional parties. We cannot predict the outcome of the Whiting Litigation or any other litigation or regulatory actions related to this matter.

     Range of Reasonably Possible Outcomes Our analysis of the range of reasonably possible outcomes is derived from all available information, including but not limited to official documents such as RODs, discussions with the United States and other PRPs, as well as legal counsel and engineering consultants. Based on our analysis of the current RODs and cost estimates for work to be performed at the Site, we believe that it is reasonably possible that our costs associated with the Fox River matter may exceed our cost estimates and the aggregate amounts accrued for the Fox River matter by amounts that are insignificant or that could range up to $265 million over a period that is currently undeterminable but that could range beyond 15 years. We believe that the likelihood of an outcome in the upper end of the monetary range is significantly less than other possible outcomes within the range and that the possibility of an outcome in excess of the upper end of the monetary range is remote.

     All remedial work in OU-1 has been completed and we and WTMI are in the process of decommissioning and performing the restoration of the staging area from which the remediation activity occurred, and completing all required reports for the project. We believe that these activities can be completed with the funds that remain in the OU1 Escrow Account.

     Summary Our current assessment is that we will be able to manage this environmental matter without a long-term, material adverse impact on the Company. This matter could, however, at any particular time or for any particular year or years, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity and/or results of operations or could result in a default under our loan covenants. Moreover, there can be no assurance that our reserves will be adequate to provide for future obligations related to this matter, that our share of costs and/or damages will not exceed our available resources, or that such obligations will not have a long-term, material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. If we are not successful in managing the completion of the remaining remedial work at OU1 and/or should the United States seek to enforce the UAO for OU2-5 against us which requires us either to perform directly or to contribute significant amounts towards the performance of that work, those developments could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity and results of operations and might result in a default under our loan covenants.