Glatfelter Corp - Annual Report: 2013 (Form 10-K)

PART I

We make regular filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K. These filings are available, free of charge, on our website, www.glatfelter.com, and the SEC website at www.sec.gov. We also provide copies of our SEC filings at no charge upon request to Investor Relations at (717) 225-2719, ir@glatfelter.com, or by mail to Investor Relations, 96 South George Street, Suite 520, York, PA, 17401. In this filing, unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” or “Glatfelter” refer to P. H. Glatfelter Company and subsidiaries.

 

ITEM 1

BUSINESS

Overview    Glatfelter began operations in 1864, and we believe we are one of the world’s leading manufacturers of specialty papers and fiber-based engineered materials. Headquartered in York, Pennsylvania, we own and operate manufacturing facilities located in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and the Philippines.

Acquisitions    Over the past several years, we have completed several acquisitions that have diversified our revenue, expanded our geographic footprint and enhanced our asset base. Most recently, on April 30, 2013 we completed the $211 million acquisition of Dresden Papier GmbH (“Dresden”), a leading supplier of non-woven wall covering products with 2013 revenues of $158.6 million.

Products    Our three business units manufacture a wide array of specialty papers and fiber-based engineered materials including:

 

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Composite Fibers primarily consists of single-serve coffee and tea filtration papers, nonwoven wall covering materials, metallized and self adhesive labeling papers, composite laminates, and technical specialties such as battery pasting papers, among others;

 

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Advanced Airlaid Materials with revenue from the sale of airlaid non-woven fabric-like materials used in feminine hygiene and adult incontinence products, cleaning pads and wipes, food pads, napkins, tablecloths, and baby wipes; and

 

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Specialty Papers with revenues from the sale of papers for carbonless and other forms, book publishing, envelopes, and engineered products

such as papers for digital imaging, casting, release, transfer, playing card, postal, FDA-compliant food and beverage applications, and other niche specialty applications.

The markets served by the Composite Fibers and Advance Airlaid Materials business units are characterized by attractive growth rates as the result of new and emerging products and markets, changing end-user preferences and evolving demographics. Specialty Papers serves more mature market segments, many of which are in decline.

As a result of our strategy to diversify sources of revenue and invest in growth businesses, revenue generated from Composite Fibers and Advanced Airlaid Materials is expected to represent an increasingly greater proportion of total revenue. For 2013, these two business units comprised 48.5% of consolidated revenue compared with 30% in 2006.

Consolidated net sales and the relative net sales contribution of each of our business units for the past three years are summarized below:

 

Dollars in thousands		2013				2012				2011
Net sales		$	1,722,615			$	1,577,788			$	1,603,154
Business unit contribution
Composite Fibers			32.9	%			27.7	%			29.7	%
Advanced Airlaid Materials			15.6				15.6	%			15.7	%
Specialty Papers			51.5				56.7	%			54.6	%
Total			100.0	%			100.0	%			100.0	%

Our strategies are focused on growing revenues, in part, by leveraging leading positions in key global growth markets including the single-serve coffee and tea markets, non-woven wall covering materials and the hygiene products markets. To ensure we are best positioned to serve these markets, we have made investments to increase production capacity and intend to make additional investments in the future.

In addition to leveraging our leading positions, our focus on product innovation is a critical component of our business strategy. During 2013, 2012 and 2011, we invested $12.2 million, $10.9 million and $11.7 million, respectively, in new product development activities. In each of the past three years, in excess of 50% of net sales were generated from products developed, enhanced or improved within the past five years.

Other key elements to our success include margin expansion, driven by cost reduction and continuous improvement initiatives; the generation of strong and

 

reliable cash flows; and strategic investments to improve our returns on invested capital. The strength of our balance sheet and generation of cash flows has allowed us to pursue strategic actions such as the $211 million Dresden acquisition, a $50 million investment to expand capacity in Composite Fibers, share repurchase programs and a 11% increase in our common share dividend. These actions and our disciplined approach to capital expenditures has resulted in the generation of returns on invested capital that exceed our cost of capital.

We have a demonstrated ability to establish leading market positions through the successful acquisition and integration of complementary businesses. Since 2006, we have successfully completed and integrated five acquisitions. Our acquisition strategy complements our long-term strategy of driving growth in our markets.

Our Business Units    We manage our company as three distinct business units: (i) Composite Fibers; (ii) Advanced Airlaid Materials; and (iii) Specialty Papers. Net tons sold by each business unit for the past three years were as follows:

 

Short tons		2013				2012				2011
Composite Fibers			133,570				90,300				93,317
Advanced Airlaid Materials			96,098				90,332				87,951
Specialty Papers			800,151				789,201				779,647
Total			1,029,819				969,833				960,915

Composite Fibers    Our Composite Fibers business unit, based in Gernsbach, Germany, serves customers globally and focuses on higher value-added products in the following markets:

 

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Food & Beverage paper primarily used for single-serve coffee and tea products;

 

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Non-woven wall covering base materials used by the world’s largest wallpaper manufacturers;

 

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Metallized products used in the labeling of beer bottles, packaging innerliners, gift wrap, self-adhesive labels and other consumer product applications;

 

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Composite Laminates papers used in production of decorative laminates, furniture, and flooring applications; and

 

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Technical Specialties a diverse line of special paper products used in batteries, adhesive tapes and other highly-engineered applications.

During 2013, we completed the acquisition of Dresden a leading global supplier of nonwoven wallpaper base materials, and is a major supplier to most of the

world’s largest wallpaper manufacturers. Dresden has a preeminent position in nonwoven wallpaper materials – as both the cost and quality leader because of its innovative products, proprietary manufacturing techniques, and long-standing customer relationships. It produces products with superior performance and characteristics such as dry strip-ability, higher tear resistance, and no material shrinkage or expansion when wet. As a result, nonwovens are increasingly the product of choice for wallpaper installers and design professionals in Europe, with significant growth potential in Asia. The acquisition of Dresden added another industry-leading nonwovens product line to our Composite Fibers business, and broadened our relationship with leading producers of consumer and industrial products.

We believe this business unit maintains a market leadership position in the single-serve coffee and tea markets and nonwoven wallpaper materials markets. Composite Fibers’ revenue composition by market consisted of the following for the years indicated:

 

In thousands		2013				2012				2011
Food & beverage		$	302,738			$	265,423			$	284,748
Wall covering			97,698				–				–
Metallized			83,949				87,720				95,276
Composite laminates			39,296				44,613				53,334
Technical specialties and other			42,679				38,984				42,671
Total		$	566,360			$	436,740			$	476,029

We believe many of the market segments served by Composite Fibers, particularly single-serve coffee and tea and nonwoven wallpaper materials, present attractive growth opportunities by capitalizing on evolving consumer preferences, expanding into new or emerging geographic markets, and by gaining market share through quality product and service offerings. Many of this business’ papers are technically sophisticated and, in the case of single serve-coffee and tea products, are extremely lightweight and require specialized fibers. Our engineering capabilities, specifically designed papermaking equipment, use of specialized fibers and customer orientation positions us well to compete in these global markets.

The primary raw materials used in the production of our lightweight papers are abaca pulp, wood pulp and synthetic fibers. Abaca pulp is a specialized pulp with limited sources of availability. Our abaca pulp production process, fulfilled by our Philippine mill, provides a unique advantage by supplying a key raw material used by our Composite Fibers business unit. Sufficient quantities of abaca pulp and the source fiber are required to support growth in this business unit. In the event the supply of

 

abaca fiber becomes constrained or when production demands exceed the capacity of the Philippines mill, alternative sources and/or substitute fibers are used to meet customer demands.

The Composite Fibers business unit is comprised of three paper making facilities (Germany, France and England), a non-woven wall cover base mill (Germany), metallizing operations (Wales and Germany) and a pulp mill (the Philippines) with the following combined attributes:

 

Production Capacity (short tons)		Principal Raw Material (“PRM”)		Estimated Annual Quantity of PRM (short tons)
140,900 lightweight		Abaca pulp		18,400
		Wood pulp		89,600
		Synthetic fiber		25,925
28,100 metallized		Base stock		30,200
16,500 abaca pulp		Abaca fiber		25,120

Composite Fibers’ lightweight products are produced using highly specialized inclined wire paper machine technology and we believe we currently maintain approximately 25% of the global inclined wire capacity.

In addition to critical raw materials, the cost to produce Composite Fibers’ products is influenced by energy costs. Although the business unit generates all of its steam needed for production, in 2013, it purchased 75% of its electricity.

In Composite Fibers’ markets, competition is product line specific as the necessity for technical expertise and specialized manufacturing equipment limits the number of companies offering multiple product lines. The following chart summarizes key competitors by market segment:

 

Market segment		Competitor
Single serve coffee & tea		Ahlstrom and Purico
Nonwoven wallcovering		Ahlstrom, Technocell, Neu Kaliss and Neenah Paper
Composite laminates		PdM, a division of Schweitzer-Maudit, Purico, MB Papeles and Oi feng
Metallized		AR Metallizing, Torras Papel Novelis, Vaassen, Galileo Nanotech, and Wenzhou Protec Vacuum Metallizing Co.

Our strategy in Composite Fibers is focused on:

 

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Capitalizing on rapidly growing global markets in food & beverage, nonwoven wall covering materials, and technical specialties;

 

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maximizing capacity utilization provided by the investment in state-of-the-art inclined wire

technology to support consistent growth of key markets;

 

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enhancing product mix across all of the business unit’s markets by utilizing new product and new business development capabilities;

 

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implementing continuous improvement methodologies to increase productivity, reduce costs and expand capacity; and

 

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ensuring readily available access to specialized raw material requirements to support projected growth.

As part of our commitment to realizing the growth potential of certain of this business unit’s markets, in 2013 we completed a $50 million investment to expand our inclined wire capacity by nearly 20%, or approximately 10,500 short tons, by converting a flat wire machine to a state-of-the-art inclined wire machine. Production of saleable products from the new machine began in the second quarter of 2013.

Advanced Airlaid Materials    is a leading global supplier of highly absorbent cellulose-based airlaid non-woven materials used to manufacture consumer and industrial products for growing global end-user markets. These products include:

 

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feminine hygiene;

 

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adult incontinence;

 

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home care;

 

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specialty wipes;

 

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table top; and

 

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food pads.

Advanced Airlaid Materials serves customers who are industry leading consumer product companies for feminine hygiene and adult incontinence products. Advanced Airlaid Materials holds leading market share positions in many of the markets it serves, excels in building long-term customer relationships through superior quality and customer service programs, and has a well-earned reputation for innovation and its ability to quickly bring new products to market.

 

Advanced Airlaid Materials’ revenue composition by market consisted of the following for the years indicated:

 

In thousands		2013				2012				2011
Feminine hygiene		$	219,222			$	197,792			$	206,724
Wipes			15,186				13,562				5,463
Home care			14,857				14,527				15,308
Adult incontinence			5,046				6,959				6,083
Other			14,085				13,442				18,469
Total		$	268,396			$	246,282			$	252,047

The feminine hygiene category accounted for 82% of Advanced Airlaid Material’s revenue in 2013. Sales of this product are to a small group of large, leading global consumer products companies. This market is considered to be more growth oriented driven by population growth in certain geographic regions, consumer preferences, and suppliers’ ability to provide innovative products. In developing regions, demand is also influenced by increases in disposable income and cultural preferences.

The Advanced Airlaid Materials business unit operates state-of-the-art facilities in Falkenhagen, Brandenburg, Germany and Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. The Falkenhagen location operates three multi-bonded production lines and three proprietary single-lane festooners. The Gatineau location consists of two airlaid production lines employing multi-bonded and thermal-bonded airlaid technologies and two proprietary single-lane festooners.

The business unit’s two facilities operate with the following combined attributes:

 

Airlaid Production Capacity (short tons)		Principal Raw Material (“PRM”)		Estimated Annual Quantity of PRM (short tons)
107,000		Fluff pulp			73,900

In addition to the cost of critical raw materials, the cost to produce multi-bonded and thermal-bonded airlaid materials is impacted by energy costs. Advanced Airlaid Materials purchases all of its electricity and natural gas. Approximately 80% of this business unit’s revenue is earned under contracts with pass-through provisions directly related to the price of key raw material costs.

Advanced Airlaid Materials continues to be a technology and product innovation leader in technically demanding segments of the airlaid market, most notably feminine hygiene. We believe that its facilities are among the most modern and flexible airlaid facilities in the world, allowing it to produce at industry leading operating rates. Its proprietary single-lane rotary festooning technology provides customers with a product packaged for efficient use. This business unit’s in-house technical expertise,

combined with significant capital investment requirements and rigorous customer expectations creates large barriers to entry for new competitors.

The following summarizes this business unit’s key competitors:

 

Market segment		Competitor
Airlaid products		Georgia-Pacific LLC, Duni AB, Petropar SA, McAirlaid’s GmbH

The markets served by this business unit are characterized by attractive growth opportunities. To take advantage of this, our strategy is focused on:

 

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maintaining and expanding relationships with customers that are market-leading consumer product companies;

 

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expanding geographic reach of markets served;

 

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optimizing the use of existing production capacity;

 

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employing continuous improvement methodologies and initiatives to reduce costs, improve efficiencies and create capacity; and

 

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capitalizing on our product and process innovation capabilities.

Specialty Papers    Our North America-based Specialty Papers business unit focuses on producing papers for the following markets:

 

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Carbonless & forms papers for credit card receipts, multi-part forms, security papers and other end-user applications;

 

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Book publishing papers for the production of high quality hardbound books and other book publishing needs;

 

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Envelope and converting papers primarily utilized for transactional and direct mail applications; and

 

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Engineered products for digital imaging, casting, release, transfer, playing card, postal, FDA-compliant food and beverage applications, and other niche specialty applications.

The market segments in which Specialty Papers competes continue to undergo significant changes in response to capacity exceeding demand. As a result, certain larger competitors have announced plans to close production facilities in an attempt to influence the supply/demand imbalance.

 

This business unit produces both commodity products and higher-value-added specialty products. Specialty Papers’ revenue composition by market consisted of the following for the years indicated:

 

In thousands		2013				2012				2011
Carbonless & forms		$	369,618			$	372,950			$	368,582
Engineered products			184,913				187,724				166,660
Envelope & converting			175,928				174,781				170,380
Book publishing			153,054				155,925				166,506
Other			4,346				3,397				2,950
Total		$	887,859			$	894,777			$	875,078

Although many of the markets served by Specialty Papers are mature and, in many instances, declining, we have been successful at maintaining this unit’s shipments through new product and new business development initiatives while leveraging the flexibility of our operating assets to efficiently respond to changing customer demands. In each of the past nine years, our flexible asset base, new product development capabilities and superior customer service offerings have allowed us to outperform the broader uncoated free sheet market in terms of shipping volumes.

We believe we are one of the leading suppliers of carbonless and book publishing papers in the United States. Although the markets for these products are declining, we have been successful in executing our strategy to replace this lost volume with products such as envelope papers and business forms, and other value-added specialty products. Specialty Papers also produces paper that is converted into specialized envelopes in a wide array of colors, finishes and end-uses. While this market is also declining, we have leveraged our customer service capabilities to grow our market share in each of the last several years.

Specialty Papers’ highly technical engineered products include those designed for multiple end uses, such as papers for pressure-sensitive postage stamps, greeting and playing cards, conical cups, digital imaging applications and for release paper applications. Such products comprise an array of distinct business niches that are in a continuous state of evolution. Many of these products are utilized for demanding, specialized customer and end-user applications. Some of our products are new and higher growth while others are more mature and further along in the product life cycle. Because many of these products are technically complex and involve substantial customer-supplier development collaboration, they typically command higher per ton prices and generally exhibit greater pricing stability relative to commodity grade paper products.

The Specialty Papers business unit operates two integrated pulp and paper making facilities with the following combined attributes:

 

Uncoated Production Capacity (short tons)		Principal Raw Material (“PRM”)		Estimated Annual Quantity of PRM (short tons)
810,000		Pulpwood		2,293,867
		Wood-and other pulps		704,869

This business unit’s pulp mills have a combined pulp making capacity of 598,000 tons of bleached pulp per year. The principal raw material used to produce pulp is pulpwood, including both hardwoods and softwoods. Pulpwood is obtained from a variety of locations including the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio and Tennessee. To protect our sources of pulpwood, we actively promote conservation and forest management among suppliers and woodland owners.

The Spring Grove facility includes five uncoated paper machines as well as an off-line combi-blade coater and a Specialty Coater (“S-Coater”), which together provide annual production capacity for coated paper of approximately 68,000 tons. Since uncoated paper is used in producing coated paper, this is not additional capacity. The Chillicothe facility operates four paper machines producing uncoated and carbonless paper. Two of the machines have built-in coating capability which along with three additional coaters at the facility provide annual coated capacity of 130,000 tons.

In addition to critical raw materials, the cost to produce Specialty Papers’ products is influenced by energy costs. Although the business unit generates all of its steam needed for production at both facilities and generates more power than it consumes at the Spring Grove, PA facility, in 2013, it purchased approximately 30% of its electricity needed for the Chillicothe, OH mill. The facilities’ source of fuel is primarily coal and, to a lesser extent, natural gas.

 

In Special Papers’ markets, competition is product line specific due to, in certain instances, the necessity for technical expertise and specialized manufacturing. The following chart summarizes key competitors by market segment:

 

Market segment		Competitor
Carbonless paper		Appvion, Inc., and to a lesser extent, Fibria Celulose (formerly Votorantim Celulose e Papel) and Asia Pulp and Paper Co.
Engineered products		Specialty papers divisions of International Paper, Domtar Corp., Boise Inc., NewPage Corp. and Sappi Limited, among others.
Envelope & converting		Domtar and International Papers
Book publishing		Domtar Corp. and North Pacific Paper (NORPAC), and others

Customer service, product performance, technological advances and product pricing are important competitive factors with respect to all our products. We believe our reputation in these areas continues to be excellent.

To be successful in the market environment in which Specialty Papers operates, our strategy is focused on:

 

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employing our new product and new business development capabilities to meet changing customer demands and ensure optimal utilization of capacity;

 

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leveraging our flexible operating platform to optimize product mix by shifting production among facilities to more closely match output with changing demand trends;

 

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aggressively employing methodologies to manage pressures on margins presented by more mature markets;

 

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utilizing ongoing continuous improvement methodologies to ensure operational efficiencies; and

 

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maintaining superior customer service.

Additional financial information for each of our business units is included in Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 23 including geographic revenue and long-lived asset financial information.

Balance Sheet    We are focused on prudent financial management and maintaining a strong balance sheet. This includes:

 

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aggressively managing working capital to enhance cash flow from operations;

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making disciplined capital expenditure decisions; and

 

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monetizing the value of our timberland assets as opportunities develop.

The success of these actions positions us with the flexibility to pursue strategic opportunities that will benefit our shareholders.

Concentration of Customers    For each of the past three years, no single customer represented more than 10% of our consolidated net sales. However, as discussed in Item 1A Risk Factors, one customer accounted for the majority of Advanced Airlaid Materials net sales in 2013, 2012 and 2011.

Capital Expenditures    Our business is capital intensive and requires extensive expenditures for new and enhanced equipment. These capital investments are necessary to support growth strategies, research and development initiatives, environmental compliance, and for normal upgrades or replacements. Capital expenditures totaled $103.0 million, $58.8 million and $64.5 million, in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For 2014 capital expenditures are estimated to be $80 million to $90 million.

Environmental Matters    We are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations intended to protect the environment as well as human health and safety. At various times, we have incurred significant costs to comply with these regulations and we could incur additional costs as new regulations are developed or regulatory priorities change. As a result of new air quality regulations including the U.S. EPA Best Available Retrofit Technology rule (BART; otherwise known as the Regional Haze Rule) and the Boiler Maximum Achievable Control Technology rule (Boiler MACT), we anticipate that we could incur material capital and operating costs. Recently issued rules will require process modifications and/or installation of air pollution controls on power boilers at two of our facilities. We are currently reviewing options available to comply with these rules to understand the effect they may have on our operations, such as reducing or curtailing boiler usage or modifying the types of boilers operated or fuel consumed. The cost of compliance is likely to be significant. Our current estimate to implement viable options could result in capital spending of between $50 million to $90 million depending on the solutions available to comply with the regulations. However, the amount of capital spending

 

ultimately incurred may differ, and the difference could be material, depending on the option chosen. In addition, the timing of any additional capital spending is uncertain, although we currently expect to incur the majority of expenditures generally between 2014 and 2016. Enactment of new environmental laws or regulations or changes in existing laws or regulations could significantly change our estimates. For a discussion of other environmental matters, see Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 22.

Employees    As of December 31, 2013, we employed 4,403 people worldwide, of which approximately 68% are unionized. The United Steelworkers International Union and the Office and Professional Employees International Union represents approximately 1,580 hourly employees at our Chillicothe, OH and Spring Grove, PA facilities under labor contracts expiring in November 2015 for Chillicothe and, with respect to Spring Grove, which was renewed in January 2014 for a three year period. Hourly employees at each of our international locations are represented by various unions or works councils. We consider the overall relationship with our employees to be satisfactory.

Other Available Information    The Corporate Governance page of our corporate web site includes our Governance Principles and Code of Business Conduct, and biographies of our Board of Directors and Executive Officers. In addition, the website includes the charters for the Audit, Compensation, Finance, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees of the Board of Directors. The Corporate Governance page also includes the Code of Business Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers of Glatfelter, our “whistle-blower” policy and other related material. We satisfy the disclosure requirement for any future amendments to, or waivers from, our Code of Business Conduct or Code of Business Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers by posting such information on our website. We will provide a copy of the Code of Business Conduct or Code of Business Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers, without charge, to any person who requests one, by contacting Investor Relations at (717) 225-2719, ir@glatfelter.com or by mail to 96 South George Street, Suite 520, York, PA, 17401.

ITEM 1A

RISK FACTORS

Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by the global economic environment or downturns in the target markets that we serve.

Adverse global economic conditions could impact our target markets resulting in decreased demand for our products. Approximately 20% of our net sales in 2013 were shipped to customers in western Europe, the demand for which, in many cases, is dependent on economic conditions in this area, and to the extent customers do business outside of Europe, in other regions of the world. In addition, approximately $125 million of our revenue is earned from shipments to customers located in the Ukraine, Russia and members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (also known as “CIS”).

Our results could be adversely affected if economic conditions weaken or fail to improve or in the event of significant currency devaluations in the countries into which are products are sold. Also, there may be periods during which demand for our products is insufficient to enable us to operate our production facilities in an economical manner. The economic environment may cause customer insolvencies which may result in their inability to satisfy their financial obligations to us. These conditions are beyond our ability to control and may have a significant impact on our sales and results of operations.

The markets for our products are also significantly affected by changes in industry capacity and output. There have been periods of supply/demand imbalance in our industry which have caused pulp prices and our products’ selling prices to be volatile. The timing and magnitude of price increases or decreases in these markets have generally varied by region and by product type. A sustained period of weak demand or excess supply would likely adversely affect pulp prices and our products’ selling prices. This could have a material adverse affect on our operating and financial results.

The cost of raw materials and energy used to manufacture our products could increase and the availability of certain raw materials could become constrained.

We require access to sufficient and reasonably priced quantities of pulpwood, purchased pulps, pulp substitutes, abaca fiber, synthetic fibers, and certain other raw materials. Our Spring Grove and Chillicothe locations are vertically integrated manufacturing facilities that generate approximately 82% of their annual pulp requirements.

 

Our Philippine mill purchases abaca fiber to produce abaca pulp, which Composite Fibers uses to manufacture paper for single-serve coffee, tea and technical specialty products at our Gernsbach, Scaër and Lydney facilities. At certain times the supply of abaca fiber has been constrained due to factors such as weather related damage to the source crop as well as decisions by land owners to produce alternative crops in lieu of those used to produce abaca fiber.

Our Advanced Airlaid Materials business unit requires access to sufficient quantities of fluff pulp, the supply of which is subject to availability of certain softwoods. Softwood availability can be limited by many factors, including weather in regions where softwoods are abundant.

The cost of many of our production materials, including petroleum based chemicals and freight charges, are influenced by the cost of oil. In addition, coal is a principal source of fuel for both the Spring Grove and Chillicothe facilities and natural gas is used as a source of fuel for our Chillicothe facility and the Composite Fibers and Advanced Airlaid Materials business units’ facilities.

Government rules, regulations and policies have an impact on the cost of certain energy sources, particularly for our European operations. We currently benefit from a number of government sponsored programs designed to mitigate the cost of electricity to larger industrial consumers of power related to initiatives such as “green energy” or “renewable energy sources.” As the political environment changes, any reduction in the extent of government sponsored incentives may adversely affect the cost ultimately borne by our operations.

Although we have contractual cost pass-through arrangements with certain Advanced Airlaid Materials’ customers, we may not be able to fully pass increased raw materials or energy costs on to all customers if the market will not bear the higher price or where existing agreements with our customers limit price increases. If price adjustments significantly trail increases in raw materials or energy prices, our operating results could be adversely affected.

Our industry is highly competitive and increased competition could reduce our sales and profitability.

The global industries in which we compete has been adversely affected by capacity exceeding the demand for products and by declining uncoated free sheet demand. As a result, the industry has taken steps to reduce capacity.

However, slowing demand or increased competition could force us to lower our prices or to offer additional services at a higher cost to us, which could reduce our gross margins and net income. The greater financial resources of certain of our competitors may enable them to commit larger amounts of capital in response to changing market conditions. Certain competitors may also have the ability to develop product or service innovations that could put us at a competitive disadvantage.

Some of the other factors that may adversely affect our ability to compete in the markets in which we participate include:

 

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the entry of new competitors into the markets we serve, including foreign producers;

 

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the willingness of commodity-based producers to enter our markets when they are unable to compete or when demand softens in their traditional markets;

 

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the aggressiveness of our competitors’ pricing strategies, which could force us to decrease prices in order to maintain market share;

 

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our failure to anticipate and respond to changing customer preferences;

 

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the impact of electronic-based substitutes for certain of our products such as carbonless and forms, book publishing, and envelope papers;

 

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the impact of replacement or disruptive technologies;

 

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changes in end-user preferences;

 

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our inability to develop new, improved or enhanced products;

 

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our inability to maintain the cost efficiency of our facilities; and

 

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the cost of regulatory environmental compliance requirements.

If we cannot effectively compete in the markets in which we operate, our sales and operating results would be adversely affected.

We may not be able to develop new products acceptable to our customers.

Our business strategy is market focused and includes investments in developing new products to meet the changing needs of our customers and to maintain our market share. Our success will depend, in part on our

 

ability to develop and introduce new and enhanced products that keep pace with introductions by our competitors and changing customer preferences. If we fail to anticipate or respond adequately to these factors, we may lose opportunities for business with both current and potential customers. The success of our new product offerings will depend on several factors, including our ability to:

 

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anticipate and properly identify our customers’ needs and industry trends;

 

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price our products competitively;

 

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develop and commercialize new products and applications in a timely manner;

 

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differentiate our products from our competitors’ products; and

 

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invest efficiently in research and development activities.

Our inability to develop new products could adversely impact our business and ultimately harm our profitability.

We are subject to substantial costs and potential liability for environmental matters.

We are subject to various environmental laws and regulations that govern our operations, including discharges into the environment, and the handling and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. We are also subject to laws and regulations that impose liability and clean-up responsibility for releases of hazardous substances into the environment. The Clean Air Act, and similar regulations, will impose significant compliance costs or require significant capital expenditures. To comply with environmental laws and regulations, we have incurred, and will continue to incur, substantial capital and operating expenditures. We anticipate that environmental regulation of our operations will continue to become more burdensome and that capital and operating expenditures necessary to comply with environmental regulations will continue, and perhaps increase, in the future. Because environmental regulations are not consistent worldwide, our ability to compete globally may be adversely affected by capital and operating expenditures required for environmental compliance. In addition, we may incur obligations to remove or mitigate any adverse effects on the environment, such as air and water quality, resulting from mills we operate or have operated. Potential obligations include compensation for the restoration of natural resources, personal injury and property damages.

See Item 1 – Environmental Matters for an additional discussion of expected costs to comply with environmental regulations.

Despite favorable rulings in the pending Fox River litigation, we continue to have potential exposure to liability for remediation and other costs related to the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls in the lower Fox River on which our former Neenah, Wisconsin mill was located. There can be no assurance that we will not be required to ultimately pay material amounts to resolve our liability in the Fox River matter. We have financial reserves for environmental matters, including the Fox River site, but we cannot be certain that those reserves will be adequate to provide for future obligations related to these matters, that our share of costs and/or damages for these matters will not exceed our available resources, or that such obligations will not have a long-term, material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations.

Our environmental issues are complex and should be reviewed in the context set forth in more detail in Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 22.

The Advanced Airlaid Materials business unit generates a substantial portion of its revenue from one customer serving the hygiene products market, the loss of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Advanced Airlaid Materials generates the majority of its net sales of hygiene products from one customer. The loss of this significant customer could have a material adverse effect on their operating results. In addition, sales in the feminine hygiene market accounted for 83% of Advanced Airlaid Materials’ net sales in 2013 and sales are concentrated within a small group of large customers. A decline in sales of hygiene products could have a material adverse effect on this unit’s operating results. Customers in the airlaid non-woven fabric material market, including the hygiene market, may also switch to less expensive products, change preferences or otherwise reduce demand for Advanced Airlaid Material’s products, thus reducing the size of the markets in which it currently sells its products. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and business prospects.

 

Our operations may be impaired and we may be exposed to potential losses and liability as a result of natural disasters, acts of terrorism or sabotage or similar events.

If we have a catastrophic loss or unforeseen operational problem at certain of our facilities, we could suffer significant lost production which could impair our ability to satisfy customer demands.

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, typhoons, flooding or fire, and acts of terrorism or sabotage affecting our operating activities and major facilities could materially and adversely affect our operations, operating results and financial condition. In addition, we own and maintain four dams in York County, Pennsylvania, that were built to ensure a steady supply of water for the operation of our facility in Spring Grove which is a primary manufacturing location for our envelope papers and engineered products. Each of these dams is classified as “high hazard” by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania because they are located in close proximity to inhabited areas. Any sudden failure of a dam, including as a result of natural disaster or act of terrorism or sabotage, would endanger occupants and residential, commercial and industrial structures, for which we could be liable. The failure of a dam could also be extremely disruptive and result in damage to or the shutdown of our Spring Grove mill. Any losses or liabilities incurred due to the failure of one of our dams may not be fully covered by our insurance policies or may substantially exceed the limits of our policies, and could materially and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

In addition, many of our papermaking operations require a reliable and abundant supply of water. Such mills rely on a local water body or water source for their water needs and, therefore, are particularly impacted by drought conditions or other natural or manmade interruptions to its water supplies. At various times and for differing periods, each of our mills has had to modify operations due to water shortages, water clarity, or low flow conditions in its principal water supplies. Any interruption or curtailment of operations at any of our paper mills due to drought or low flow conditions at the principal water source or another cause could materially and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

Our pulp mill in Lanao del Norte on the Island of Mindanao in the Republic of the Philippines is located along the Pacific Rim, one of the world’s hazard belts. By virtue of its geographic location, this mill is subject to, among similar types of natural disasters discussed above, cyclones, typhoons, and volcanic activity. Moreover, the

area of Lanao del Norte has been a target of suspected terrorist activities. The most common bomb targets in Lanao del Norte to date have been power transmission towers. Our pulp mill in Mindanao is located in a rural portion of the island and is susceptible to attacks or power interruptions. The Mindanao mill supplies approximately 90% of the abaca pulp that is used by our Composite Fibers business unit to manufacture our paper for single serve coffee and tea products and certain technical specialties products. Any interruption, loss or extended curtailment of operations at our Mindanao mill could materially affect our operating results and financial condition.

We have operations in a potentially politically and economically unstable location.

Our pulp mill in the Philippines is located in a region that is unstable and subject to political unrest. As discussed above, our Philippine pulp mill produces abaca pulp, a significant raw material used by our Composite Fibers business unit, and is currently our main provider of abaca pulp. There are limited suitable alternative sources of readily available abaca pulp in the world. In the event of a disruption in supply from our Philippine mill, there is no guarantee that we could obtain adequate amounts of abaca pulp from alternative sources at a reasonable price or at all. As a consequence, any civil disturbance, unrest, political instability or other event that causes a disruption in supply could limit the availability of abaca pulp and would increase our cost of obtaining abaca pulp. Such occurrences could adversely impact our sales volumes, revenues and operating results.

Our international operations pose certain risks that may adversely impact sales and earnings.

We have significant operations and assets located in Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and the Philippines. Our international sales and operations are subject to a number of unique risks, in addition to the risks in our domestic sales and operations, including differing protections of intellectual property, trade barriers, labor unrest, exchange controls, regional economic uncertainty, differing (and possibly more stringent) labor regulation, risk of governmental expropriation, domestic and foreign customs and tariffs, differing regulatory environments, difficulty in managing widespread operations and political instability. These factors may adversely affect our future profits. Also, in some foreign jurisdictions, we may be subject to laws limiting the right and ability of entities

 

organized or operating therein to pay dividends or remit earnings to affiliated companies unless specified conditions are met. Any such limitations would restrict our flexibility in using funds generated in those jurisdictions.

Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations could adversely affect our results of operations.

As we diversify our business and expand our global footprint, an increasing proportion of our revenue is generated outside of the United States. We also own and operate manufacturing facilities in Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom and the Philippines. Currently, the majority of our business is transacted in U.S. dollars; however, an increasing portion of business is transacted in Euros, British Pound Sterling, Canadian dollars or Philippine Peso. With respect to the Euro, we generate substantially greater cash inflow in this currency than we do outflow. However, with respect to the British Pound Sterling, Canadian dollar, and Philippine Peso, we have greater outflows than inflows of these currencies. As a result of these positions, we are exposed to changes in currency exchange rates. Uncertainty with respect to the ability of certain European countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations and actions proposed to restructure such obligations may cause the value of the euro to fluctuate. In the event that one or more European countries were to replace the euro with another currency, business may be adversely affected until stable exchange rates are established.

Our ability to maintain our products’ price competitiveness is reliant, in part, on the relative strength of the currency in which the product is denominated compared to the currency of the market into which it is sold and the functional currency of our competitors. Changes in the rate of exchange of foreign currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar, and other currencies, may adversely impact our results of operations and our ability to offer products in certain markets at acceptable prices. Approximately $125 million of our revenue is earned from shipments to customers located in the Ukraine, Russia and members of the CIS. Although these sales are denominated in euros, a significant devaluation of the customers’ local currencies could adversely affect our customers’ credit risk and our revenue and results of operation.

In the event any of the above risk factors impact our business in a material way or in combination during the same period, we may be unable to generate sufficient cash flow to simultaneously fund our operations, finance capital expenditures, satisfy obligations and make dividend payments on our common stock.

In addition to debt service obligations, our business is capital intensive and requires significant expenditures to support growth strategies, research and development initiatives, environmental compliance, and for normal upgrades or replacements. We expect to meet all of our near and long-term cash needs from a combination of operating cash flow, cash and cash equivalents, our existing credit facility and other long-term debt. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from these sources, we could be unable to meet our near and long-term cash needs or make dividend payments.

 

ITEM 1B

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

 

ITEM 2

PROPERTIES

We own substantially all of the land and buildings comprising our manufacturing facilities located in Pennsylvania; Ohio; Canada; the United Kingdom; Germany; France; and the Philippines; as well as substantially all of the equipment used in our manufacturing and related operations. Certain of our operations, particularly our metallized paper production facility located in Caerphilly, Wales, office and warehouse space in Moscow, Russia and our corporate offices located in York, Pennsylvania are under lease agreements. All of our properties, other than those that are leased, are free from any material liens or encumbrances. We consider all of our buildings to be in good structural condition and well maintained and our properties to be suitable and adequate for present operations.

 

ITEM 3

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in various lawsuits that we consider to be ordinary and incidental to our business. The ultimate outcome of these lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty; however, we do not expect such lawsuits, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations.

 

For a discussion of commitments, legal proceedings and related contingencies, see Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 22.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our executive officers and senior management as of March 3, 2014.

 

Name		Age				Office with the Company
Dante C. Parrini			49			Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
John P. Jacunski			48			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Christopher W. Astley			41			Senior Vice President, Corporate Strategy
Jonathan A. Bourget			49			Vice President & General Manager, Advanced Airlaid Materials Business Unit
David C. Elder			45			Vice President, Finance
Brian E. Janki			41			Vice President & General Manager, Specialty Papers Business Unit
Kent K. Matsumoto			54			Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
Martin Rapp			54			Senior Vice President & General Manager, Composite Fibers Business Unit
Mark A. Sullivan			59			Vice President, Global Supply Chain and Information Technology
William T. Yanavitch II			53			Senior Vice President Human Resources and Administration

Officers are elected to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. Except in the case of officers elected to fill a new position or a vacancy occurring at some other date, officers are generally elected at the organizational meeting of the Board of Directors held immediately after the annual meeting of shareholders.

Dante C. Parrini became Chief Executive Officer effective January 1, 2011 and Chairman of the Board in May 2011. Prior to this, he was Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, a position he held since February 2005. Mr. Parrini joined us in 1997 and has previously served as Senior Vice President and General Manager, a position he held beginning in January 2003 and prior to that as Vice President responsible for Sales and Marketing.

John P. Jacunski was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in February 2014. He joined us in October 2003 and served as Vice President and Corporate Controller. In July 2006 he was promoted to Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Jacunski was previously Vice President and Chief

Financial Officer at WCI Steel, Inc. from June 1999 to October 2003. Prior to joining WCI, Mr. Jacunski was with KPMG, an international accounting and consulting firm, where he served in various capacities.

Christopher W. Astley joined us in August 2010 and was promoted to Senior Vice President, Corporate Strategy in February 2014. Prior to joining us, he was an entrepreneur leading a privately held business from 2004 until 2010. Prior to that Mr. Astley held positions with Accenture, a global management consulting firm, and The Coca-Cola Company.

Jonathan A. Bourget joined us in July 2010 as Vice President & General Manager, Advanced Airlaid Materials Business Unit. From 2008 until joining our Company, Mr. Bourget was Vice President & General Manager of European operations at Polymer Group Inc. Prior to this, he held various positions of increasing responsibility, including General Manager Specialties Division in Europe, with Alcoa Inc.

David C. Elder was promoted to Vice President, Finance in December 2011 and continues as our Chief Accounting Officer. Prior to his promotion, he was our Vice President, Corporate Controller, a position held since joining Glatfelter in January 2006. Mr. Elder was previously Corporate Controller for YORK International Corporation and prior to that he was the Director, Financial Planning and Analysis for that company.

Brian E. Janki joined our Company in August 2013 as Vice President & General Manager, Specialty Papers Business Unit. Prior to this, Mr. Janki was employed by Greif as their Vice President & General Manager, Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services. During his twelve years with Greif, Mr. Janki held leadership positions including profit/loss responsibilities for two business units, global responsibility for supply chain and sourcing, and transformational assignments including global oversight of the implementation of the Greif Business System.

Kent K. Matsumoto was appointed Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary in October 2013. Mr. Matsumoto joined us in June 2012 as Assistant General Counsel and served as interim General Counsel since March 2013. From July 2008 until February 2012 he was Associate General Counsel for Wolters Kluwer. He has over 28 years of experience in a variety of corporate and divisional leadership assignments with other companies, including Wolters Kluwer, Mayne Pharma, and Alpharma.

Martin Rapp joined us in August 2006 and was promoted in February 2014 to Senior Vice President and General Manager, Composite Fibers Business Unit, the unit

 

he has led since joining our company. Prior to this, Mr. Rapp was Vice President and General Manager of Avery Dennison’s Roll Materials Business in Central and Eastern Europe since August 2002.

Mark A. Sullivan joined our Company in December 2003 and serves as Vice President, Global Supply Chain and Information Technology. Previously, he was our Chief Procurement Officer. Prior to joining Glatfelter, his experience included a broad array of operations and supply chain management responsibilities during twenty years with the DuPont Company.

William T. Yanavitch II was promoted to Senior Vice President Human Resources and Administration in February 2014. Since joining us in July 2000, he has served as Vice President, Human Resources. Prior to joining us he worked for Dentsply International and Gould Pumps Inc. in various leadership capacities.

 

ITEM 4

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

PART II

 

ITEM 5

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Common Stock Prices and Dividends Declared Information

The following table shows the high and low prices of our common stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “GLT” and the dividend declared per share for each quarter during the past two years:

 

Quarter		High				Low				Dividend
2013
Fourth		$	29.25			$	25.01			$	0.10
Third			28.21				25.13				0.10
Second			26.44				21.53				0.10
First			23.66				17.11				0.10
2012
Fourth		$	18.58			$	15.31			$	0.09
Third			18.25				15.43				0.09
Second			16.47				14.25				0.09
First			16.36				14.12				0.09

As of February 26, 2014, we had 1,198 shareholders of record.

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return of our common stock with the cumulative total returns of both a peer group and a broad market index. For the year ended December 31, 2013, we compare our stock performance to the S&P Small Cap 600 Paper Products index comprised of us, Clearwater Paper Corp., Kapstone Paper & Packaging Corp., Neenah Paper Inc., Schweitzer-Mauduit International and Wausau Paper Corp. In addition, the chart includes a comparison to the Russell 2000, which we believe is an appropriate benchmark index for stocks such as ours.

The following graph assumes that the value of the investment in our common stock, in each index, and in the peer group (including reinvestment of dividends) was $100 on December 31, 2008 and charts it through December 31, 2013.

 

 

ITEM 7

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements    This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding industry prospects and future consolidated financial position or results of operations, made in this Report on Form 10-K are forward looking. We use words such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “expects”, “future”, “intends” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements reflect management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Our actual results may differ significantly from such expectations. The following discussion includes forward-looking statements regarding expectations of, among others, non-cash pension expense, environmental costs, capital expenditures and liquidity, all of which are inherently difficult to predict. Although we make such statements based on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations. Accordingly, we identify the following important factors, among others, which could cause our results to differ from any results that might be projected, forecasted or estimated in any such forward-looking statements:

 

i.	variations in demand for our products including the impact of any unplanned market-related downtime, or variations in product pricing;

 

ii.	changes in the cost or availability of raw materials we use, in particular pulpwood, pulp, pulp substitutes, caustic soda, and abaca fiber;

 

iii.	changes in energy-related costs and commodity raw materials with an energy component;

 

iv.	our ability to develop new, high value-added products;

 

v.	the impact of exposure to volatile market-based pricing for sales of excess electricity;

 

vi.	the impact of competition, both domestic and international, changes in industry production capacity, including the construction of new mills or new machines, the closing of mills and incremental changes due to capital expenditures or productivity increases;

vii.	the gain or loss of significant customers and/or on-going viability of such customers;

 

viii.

cost and other effects of environmental compliance, cleanup, damages, remediation or restoration, or personal injury or property damages related thereto, such as the costs of natural resource restoration or damages related to the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”) in the lower Fox River on which our former Neenah mill was located;

 

ix.	adverse results in litigation in the Fox River matter;

 

x.	risks associated with our international operations, including local economic and political environments and fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

 

xi.	geopolitical events, including war and terrorism;

 

xii.	disruptions in production and/or increased costs due to labor disputes;

 

xiii.

the impact of unfavorable outcomes of audits by various state, federal or international tax authorities;

 

xiv.	enactment of adverse state, federal or foreign tax or other legislation or changes in government policy or regulation; and

 

xv.	our ability to finance, consummate and integrate acquisitions;

Introduction    We manufacture a wide array of specialty papers and fiber-based engineered materials and we manage our company along three business units:

 

•

Composite Fibers with revenue from the sale of single-serve coffee and tea filtration papers, non-woven wall covering, metallized papers, composite laminates, and other technical specialty papers;

 

•

Advanced Airlaid Materials with revenue from the sale of airlaid non-woven fabric like materials used in feminine hygiene products, adult incontinence products, cleaning pads, food pads, napkins, tablecloths, and baby wipes; and

 

•

Specialty Papers with revenue from the sale of carbonless papers, forms, book publishing, envelope & converting papers, and fiber-based engineered products.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

2013 versus 2012

Overview    The following table sets forth summarized results of operations:

 

		Year ended December 31
In thousands, except per share			2013				2012
Net sales		$	1,722,615			$	1,577,788
Gross profit			218,660				213,649
Operating income			86,519				101,874
Net income			67,158				59,379
Earnings per diluted share			1.52				1.36

Net income increased 13.1% in the year over year comparison and totaled $67.2 million in 2013, or $1.52 per diluted share. In 2012 net income was $59.4 million, or $1.36 per diluted share The year over year comparison reflects benefits from a significant acquisition in 2013, solid performance from our two growth businesses and a favorable tax rate.

Effective April 30, 2013, we completed the acquisition of Dresden Papier GmbH (“Dresden”) for $211 million, net of cash acquired. Our reported results for 2013 include $101.8 million of net sales and $18.3 million of operating income from Dresden representing its results prospectively from the acquisition date. Such results are reported as part of the Composite Fibers business unit.

Our growth-oriented fiber-based engineered materials businesses reported improved results evidenced by an $29.8 million increase in operating income. However, total operating income from all of our business units increased $2.2 million reflecting the impact of a lower contribution from Specialty Papers. Overall, total net sales increased $144.8 million, or 9.2% and shipping volumes increased 6.2% in the year-over-year comparison

Composite Fibers’ operating income increased to $62.4 million from $36.1 million in 2012 primarily due to the inclusion of Dresden, higher selling prices and an improved mix. Excluding Dresden, shipping volumes were essentially unchanged.

Advanced Airlaid Materials’ operating income increased to $21.5 million compared with $18.0 million in 2012 primarily due to increased shipping volumes.

Specialty Papers’ operating income declined to $39.7 million from $67.3 million in 2012. Although shipping volumes increased 1.4%, this unit’s profitability was unfavorably impacted by operational disruptions and lower selling prices.

In addition to the impact of including Dresden, the consolidated results of operations for 2013 and 2012 include the following significant unusual items:

 

In thousands, except per share			After-tax Gain (loss)				Diluted EPS
2013
Acquisition and integration costs		$	(6,079	)		$	(0.14	)
International legal entity restructuring costs			(630	)			(0.01	)
Alternative fuel mixture/ Cellulosic biofuel credits			10,316				0.23
Timberland sales and related costs			1,725				0.04
2012
Early redemption of $200 million bonds		$	(4,784	)		$	(0.11	)
Alternative fuel mixture/ Cellulosic biofuel credits			4,020				0.09
Timberland sales and related costs			5,388				0.12

The above items increased earnings by $5.3 million, or $0.12 per diluted share, in 2013. Comparatively, in 2012 earnings benefited by $4.6 million or $0.10 per diluted share from the items set forth above.

 

 

Business Units    Results of individual business units are presented based on our management accounting practices and management structure. There is no comprehensive, authoritative body of guidance for management accounting equivalent to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; therefore, the financial results of individual business units are not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other company. The management accounting process uses assumptions and allocations to measure performance of the business units. Methodologies are refined from time to time as management accounting practices are enhanced and businesses change. The costs incurred by support areas not directly aligned with the business unit are allocated primarily based on an estimated

utilization of support area services or are included in “Other and Unallocated” in the Business Unit Performance table.

Management evaluates results of operations of the business units before pension expense, certain corporate level costs, and the effects of certain gains or losses not considered to be related to the core business operations. Management believes that this is a more meaningful representation of the operating performance of its core businesses, the profitability of business units and the extent of cash flow generated from these core operations. Such amounts are presented under the caption “Other and Unallocated.” This presentation is aligned with the management and operating structure of our company. It is also on this basis that the Company’s performance is evaluated internally and by the Company’s Board of Directors.

 

Sales and Costs of Products Sold

 

		Year ended December 31
In thousands			2013				2012				Change
Net sales		$	1,722,615			$	1,577,788			$	144,827
Energy and related sales – net			3,153				7,000				(3,847	)
Total revenues			1,725,768				1,584,788				140,980
Costs of products sold			1,507,108				1,371,139				135,969
Gross profit		$	218,660			$	213,649			$	5,011
Gross profit as a percent of Net sales			12.7	%			13.5	%

The following table sets forth the contribution to consolidated net sales by each business unit:

 

		Year ended December 31
Percent of Total		2013				2012
Business Unit
Composite Fibers			32.9	%			27.7	%
Advanced Airlaid Material			15.6				15.6
Specialty Papers			51.5				56.7
Total			100.0	%			100.0	%

 

During 2013, our growth oriented businesses generated approximately 48.5%, or $834.8 million, of our consolidated net sales compared with 43.3% in 2012, reflecting strategic initiatives to invest in growth businesses. Consolidated net sales for 2013 increased $144.8 million, or 9.2%, in the comparison to 2012 and totaled $1,722.6 million. The increase was primarily due to the Dresden acquisition and $13.6 million from the favorable impact of foreign currencies. Lower selling prices, primarily in Specialty Papers, adversely affected the comparison by $9.4 million. Shipping volumes increased 6.2% in the year over year comparison, or 1.8% excluding the Dresden acquisition.

In Composite Fibers, net sales were $566.4 million, an increase of $129.7 million, or 29.7%. The Dresden acquisition accounted for $101.8 million of the increase. On an organic basis, shipping volumes were essentially unchanged with a favorable mix. Higher selling prices and the translation of foreign currencies benefited the comparison by $2.9 million and $8.7 million, respectively.

Composite Fibers’ operating income in 2013 increased $26.3 million, of which Dresden represented $18.3 million. The remaining increase was primarily due to improved mix of products and higher selling prices. Foreign currency translation favorably impacted operating income by $0.6 million compared with the prior year.

In Advanced Airlaid Materials, net sales increased $22.1 million, or 9.0%, in 2013 compared to 2012. The increase in net sales was due to a 6.4% increase in shipping volumes, a $4.9 million benefit from favorable impact of foreign currency exchange partially offset by $2.3 million of lower selling prices.

Operating income in this business unit increased $3.5 million in 2013 compared to 2012 led by a $5.7 million benefit from the increase in shipping volumes. The translation of foreign currencies favorably impacted operating income by $2.2 million.

In the Specialty Papers business unit, net sales for 2013 decreased by $6.9 million, or 0.8%, to $887.9 million. The decrease was primarily due to $10.0 million from lower selling prices partially offset by a 1.4% increase in shipping volumes.

Specialty Papers’ operating income in 2013 of $39.7 million was $27.6 million lower than 2012 primarily due to lower selling prices, operational interruptions that adversely affected pulp mill production and $3.8 million from lower energy and related sales.

We sell excess power generated by the Spring Grove, PA facility. In addition, two of our facilities are registered generators of renewable energy credits (“RECs”). The following table summarizes this activity for 2013 and 2012:

 

			Year ended December 31
In thousands			2013				2012				Change
Energy sales		$	8,189			$	5,284			$	2,905
Costs to produce			(6,784	)			(4,187	)			(2,597	)
Net			1,405				1,097				308
Renewable energy credits			1,748				5,903				(4,155	)
Total		$	3,153			$	7,000			$	(3,847	)

RECs represent sales of certified credits earned related to burning renewable sources of energy such as black liquor and wood waste. We sell RECs into an emerging and somewhat illiquid market. The extent and value of future revenues from REC sales is dependent on many factors outside of management’s control. Therefore, we may not be able to generate consistent amounts of sales of RECs in future periods.

Pension Expense    The following table summarizes the amounts of pension expense recognized for 2013 compared to 2012:

 

		Year ended December 31
In thousands			2013				2012				Change
Recorded as:
Costs of products sold		$	12,368			$	9,148			$	3,220
SG&A expense			1,849				2,467				(618	)
Total		$	14,217			$	11,615			$	2,602

The amount of pension expense recognized each year is dependent on various actuarial assumptions and certain other factors, including discount rates and the fair value of our pension assets. Pension expense in 2014 is expected to be approximately $6.2 million. The decrease is primarily due to higher discount rates and the impact of amortizing deferred actuarial gains from higher returns on assets in 2013.

Gain on Sales of Plant, Equipment and Timberlands, net    During the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, we completed the following sales of assets:

 

Dollars in thousands			Acres				Proceeds				Gain
2013
Timberlands			876			$	1,445			$	1,410
Other			n/a				502				316
Total						$	1,947			$	1,726
2012
Timberlands			4,830			$	9,494			$	9,203
Other			n/a				778				612
Total						$	10,272			$	9,815