GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INC - Quarter Report: 2021 June (Form 10-Q)

gva20210630_10q.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

	For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

	For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

	Commission File Number: 1-12911

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

State of Incorporation:	I.R.S. Employer Identification Number:
Delaware	77-0239383

Address of principal executive offices:

585 W. Beach Street

Watsonville, California 95076

(831) 724-1011

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.01 par value	GVA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒

Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of July 22, 2021.

Class		Outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value		45,820,690

Table of Contents

Index

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020
		Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures
	Item 6.	Exhibits
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT 10.1
EXHIBIT 10.2
EXHIBIT 10.3
EXHIBIT 10.4
EXHIBIT 10.5
EXHIBIT 31.1
EXHIBIT 31.2
EXHIBIT 32
EXHIBIT 95
EXHIBIT 101.INS
EXHIBIT 101.SCH
EXHIBIT 101.CAL
EXHIBIT 101.DEF
EXHIBIT 101.LAB

EXHIBIT 101.PRE
EXHIBIT 104

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited - in thousands, except share and per share data)

	*June 30, 2021*			*December 31, 2020*			*June 30, 2020*
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents ($107,854, $74,819 and $93,500 related to consolidated construction joint ventures (“CCJVs”))	$	393,181		$	436,136		$	288,922
Receivables, net ($49,408, $56,147 and $31,978 related to CCJVs)		646,940			540,812			596,922
Contract assets ($41,815, $33,838 and $26,075 related to CCJVs)		194,483			164,939			191,919
Inventories		88,424			82,362			105,023
Equity in construction joint ventures		195,430			188,798			183,542
Other current assets ($12,142, $13,252 and $14,392 related to CCJVs)		47,976			42,199			57,614
Total current assets		1,566,434			1,455,246			1,423,942
Property and equipment, net ($20,206, $23,704 and $27,256 related to CCJVs)		517,143			527,016			540,053
Long-term marketable securities		10,850			5,200			5,896
Investments in affiliates		75,625			75,287			74,511
Goodwill		116,839			116,777			248,690
Right of use assets		59,219			62,256			72,244
Deferred income taxes, net		41,085			41,839			40,926
Other noncurrent assets		91,703			96,375			102,392
Total assets	$	2,478,898		$	2,379,996		$	2,508,654

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	8,709		$	8,278		$	8,253
Accounts payable ($62,117, $53,033 and $56,315 related to CCJVs)		379,008			359,160			358,401
Contract liabilities ($66,193, $79,777 and $69,688 related to CCJVs)		174,850			171,321			159,818
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities ($5,186, $4,410 and $4,179 related to CCJVs)		485,718			404,497			363,128
Total current liabilities		1,048,285			943,256			889,600
Long-term debt		331,222			330,522			405,770
Long-term lease liabilities		41,816			46,769			56,071
Deferred income taxes, net		3,166			3,155			3,335
Other long-term liabilities		66,167			64,684			63,118
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 16)
Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 3,000,000 shares, none outstanding		—			—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 45,818,719 shares as of June 30, 2021, 45,668,541 shares as of December 31, 2020 and 45,651,914 shares as of June 30, 2020		458			457			458
Additional paid-in capital		556,615			555,407			553,038
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(2,750	)		(5,035	)		(5,800	)
Retained earnings		401,061			424,835			520,025
Total Granite Construction Incorporated shareholders’ equity		955,384			975,664			1,067,721
Non-controlling interests		32,858			15,946			23,039
Total equity		988,242			991,610			1,090,760
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,478,898		$	2,379,996		$	2,508,654

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited - in thousands, except per share data)

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*						*Six Months Ended June 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Revenue
Transportation	$	525,235		$	535,101		$	876,264		$	886,002
Water		113,432			109,724			213,185			211,381
Specialty		200,271			174,914			355,945			307,953
Materials		125,234			96,032			188,691			146,362
Total revenue		964,172			915,771			1,634,085			1,551,698
Cost of revenue
Transportation		465,718			503,904			780,881			829,436
Water		102,869			97,145			194,056			189,455
Specialty		175,902			149,634			314,251			293,392
Materials		102,737			76,745			164,633			127,273
Total cost of revenue		847,226			827,428			1,453,821			1,439,556
Gross profit		116,946			88,343			180,264			112,142
Selling, general and administrative expenses		74,069			78,023			149,797			151,239
Non-cash impairment charges (see Note 3)		—			—			—			24,413
Other costs (see Note 3)		5,953			13,659			81,788			18,824
Gain on sales of property and equipment, net (see Note 12)		(31,636	)		(1,190	)		(34,190	)		(1,813	)
Operating income (loss)		68,560			(2,149	)		(17,131	)		(80,521	)
Other (income) expense
Interest income		(188	)		(767	)		(444	)		(2,058	)
Interest expense		5,507			6,549			10,888			11,543
Equity in income of affiliates, net		(6,231	)		(2,016	)		(8,039	)		(2,062	)
Other (income) expense, net		(1,894	)		(3,160	)		(3,124	)		2,059
Total other (income) expense		(2,806	)		606			(719	)		9,482
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes		71,366			(2,755	)		(16,412	)		(90,003	)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		15,619			(1,782	)		(6,836	)		(16,492	)
Net income (loss)		55,747			(973	)		(9,576	)		(73,511	)
Amount attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,286	)		4,378			(2,158	)		11,546
Net income (loss) attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated	$	54,461		$	3,405		$	(11,734	)	$	(61,965	)

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders (see Note 14)
Basic	$	1.19		$	0.07		$	(0.26	)	$	(1.36	)
Diluted	$	1.14		$	0.07		$	(0.26	)	$	(1.36	)
Weighted average shares of common stock
Basic		45,798			45,620			45,748			45,570
Diluted		47,798			46,281			45,748			45,570

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited - in thousands)

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*						*Six Months Ended June 30,*
	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Net income (loss)	$	55,747		$	(973	)	$	(9,576	)	$	(73,511	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives	$	293		$	265		$	1,227		$	(3,095	)
Less: reclassification for net losses included in interest expense		568			390			1,178			440
Net change	$	861		$	655		$	2,405		$	(2,655	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net		103			83			(122	)		(500	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	964		$	738		$	2,283		$	(3,155	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	56,711		$	(235	)	$	(7,293	)	$	(76,666	)
Non-controlling interests in comprehensive income		(1,286	)		4,378			(2,158	)		11,546
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated	$	55,425		$	4,143		$	(9,451	)	$	(65,120	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited - in thousands, except share data)

	*Outstanding Shares*			*Common Stock*			*Additional Paid-In Capital*			*Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income*			*Retained Earnings*			*Total Granite Shareholders’ Equity*			*Non-controlling Interests*			*Total Equity*
Balances at March 31, 2021	45,791,712		$	458		$	554,186		$	(3,714	)	$	352,610		$	903,540		$	27,655		$	931,195
Net income	—			—			—			—			54,461			54,461			1,286			55,747
Other comprehensive income	—			—			—			964			—			964			—			964
Purchases of common stock (1)	(4,982	)		—			(199	)		—			—			(199	)		—			(199	)
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) vested	31,992			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Dividends on common stock ($0.13 per share)	—			—			—			—			(5,956	)		(5,956	)		—			(5,956	)
Transactions with non-controlling interests	—			—			—			—			—			—			3,917			3,917
Amortized RSUs and other	(3	)		—			2,628			—			(54	)		2,574			—			2,574
Balances at June 30, 2021	45,818,719		$	458		$	556,615		$	(2,750	)	$	401,061		$	955,384		$	32,858		$	988,242

Balances at March 31, 2020	45,592,292		$	457		$	551,189		$	(6,538	)	$	522,639		$	1,067,747		$	32,057		$	1,099,804
Net income (loss)	—			—			—			—			3,405			3,405			(4,378	)		(973	)
Other comprehensive income	—			—			—			738			—			738			—			738
Purchases of common stock (1)	(4,211	)		—			(73	)		—			—			(73	)		—			(73	)
RSUs vested	29,305			1			(1	)		—			—			—			—			—
Dividends on common stock ($0.13 per share)	—			—			—			—			(5,935	)		(5,935	)		—			(5,935	)
Transactions with non-controlling interests	—			—			—			—			—			—			(4,640	)		(4,640	)
Amortized RSUs and other	34,528			—			1,923			—			(84	)		1,839			—			1,839
Balances at June 30, 2020	45,651,914		$	458		$	553,038		$	(5,800	)	$	520,025		$	1,067,721		$	23,039		$	1,090,760

Balances at December 31, 2020	45,668,541		$	457		$	555,407		$	(5,035	)	$	424,835		$	975,664		$	15,946		$	991,610
Net (loss) income	—			—			—			—			(11,734	)		(11,734	)		2,158			(9,576	)
Other comprehensive income	—			—			—			2,283			—			2,283			—			2,283
Purchases of common stock (1)	(62,600	)		(1	)		(2,497	)		—			—			(2,498	)		—			(2,498	)
RSUs vested	213,567			2			(2	)		—			—			—			—			—
Dividends on common stock ($0.13 per share)	—			—			—			—			(11,909	)		(11,909	)		—			(11,909	)
Transactions with non-controlling interests	—			—			—			—			—			—			14,754			14,754
Amortized RSUs and other	(789	)		—			3,707			2			(131	)		3,578			—			3,578
Balances at June 30, 2021	45,818,719		$	458		$	556,615		$	(2,750	)	$	401,061		$	955,384		$	32,858		$	988,242

Balances at December 31, 2019	45,503,805		$	456		$	549,307		$	(2,645	)	$	594,353		$	1,141,471		$	36,945		$	1,178,416
Net loss	—			—			—			—			(61,965	)		(61,965	)		(11,546	)		(73,511	)
Other comprehensive loss	—			—			—			(3,155	)		—			(3,155	)		—			(3,155	)
Purchases of common stock (1)	(53,921	)		—			(727	)		—			—			(727	)		—			(727	)
RSUs vested	168,360			2			(2	)		—			—			—			—			—
Dividends on common stock ($0.13 per share)	—			—			—			—			(11,862	)		(11,862	)		—			(11,862	)
Effect of adopting Topic 326	—			—			—			—			(366	)		(366	)		—			(366	)
Transactions with non-controlling interests	—			—			—			—			—			—			(2,360	)		(2,360	)
Amortized RSUs and other	33,670			—			4,460			—			(135	)		4,325			—			4,325
Balances at June 30, 2020	45,651,914		$	458		$	553,038		$	(5,800	)	$	520,025		$	1,067,721		$	23,039		$	1,090,760

(1) On June 2, 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, which replaced the Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. This amount represents shares purchased in connection with employee tax withholding for RSUs vested under our 2012 and 2021 Equity Incentive Plans.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited - in thousands)

Six Months Ended June 30,	*2021*			*2020*
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(9,576	)	$	(73,511	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		52,853			57,269
Amortization related to the 2.75% Convertible Notes (see Note 13)		4,666			4,255
Gain on sales of property and equipment, net (see Note 12)		(34,190	)		(1,813	)
Stock-based compensation		3,642			3,936
Equity in net (income) loss from unconsolidated joint ventures		(6,972	)		30,506
Net income from affiliates		(8,039	)		(2,062	)
Non-cash impairment charges (see Note 3)		—			24,413
Other non-cash adjustments		1,483			1,832
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accrual for legal settlement (see Note 16)		129,000			—
Insurance receivable for legal settlement (see Note 16)		(63,000	)		—
Receivables		(48,584	)		(35,486	)
Contract assets, net		(28,111	)		83,065
Inventories		(6,062	)		(16,138	)
Contributions to unconsolidated construction joint ventures		(47,580	)		(24,223	)
Distributions from unconsolidated construction joint ventures and affiliates		7,029			7,146
Other assets, net		(7,197	)		(14,603	)
Accounts payable		26,056			(44,103	)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities, net		3,578			12,000
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(31,004	)		12,483
Investing activities
Purchases of marketable securities		(5,000	)		(4,996	)
Maturities of marketable securities		—			10,000
Proceeds from called marketable securities		—			20,000
Purchases of property and equipment		(46,437	)		(52,236	)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment (see Note 12)		48,517			7,278
Other investing activities, net		4,581			(1,453	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		1,661			(21,407	)
Financing activities
Proceeds from debt		—			50,000
Debt principal repayments		(4,677	)		(4,212	)
Cash dividends paid		(11,890	)		(11,842	)
Repurchases of common stock		(2,497	)		(728	)
Contributions from non-controlling partners		11,350			5,500
Distributions to non-controlling partners		(5,836	)		(7,860	)
Other financing activities, net		(62	)		392
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(13,612	)		31,250
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(42,955	)		22,326
Cash, cash equivalents and $1,512 and $5,835 in restricted cash at beginning of period		437,648			268,108
Cash, cash equivalents and $1,512 in restricted cash at end of both periods	$	394,693		$	290,434
Supplementary Information
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	7,997		$	8,804
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities		10,956			10,601
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	8,078		$	8,874
Income taxes		1,817			937
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
RSUs issued, net of forfeitures	$	7,554		$	4,834
Dividends declared but not paid		5,956			5,935
Contributions from non-controlling partners		9,240			—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by Granite Construction Incorporated (“we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “Granite”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. Further, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary to state fairly our financial position at June 30, 2021 and 2020 and the results of our operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The December 31, 2020 condensed consolidated balance sheet data included herein was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.

We prepared the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements. Our policy related to derivative instruments was expanded, as follows, to reflect treatment of the interest rate swap de-designation that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2021, which is further discussed in Note 9:

Derivative Instruments: We recognize derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value using Level 2 inputs. To receive hedge accounting treatment, derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions. We formally document our hedge relationships at inception, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction, and the initial quantitative assessment of the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedged items. The effective portion of the gain or loss on cash flow hedges is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified to the consolidated statements of operations when the periodic hedged cash flows are settled. Adjustments to fair value on derivatives that are not part of a designated hedging relationship are reported through the consolidated statements of operations. We do not enter into derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

Our operations are typically affected more by weather conditions during the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year which may alter our construction schedules and can create variability in our revenues and profitability. Therefore, the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: The table below presents changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and a reconciliation to the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

Six months ended June 30,	*2021*			*2020*
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	$	437,648		$	268,108
End of the period
Cash and cash equivalents		393,181			288,922
Restricted cash		1,512			1,512
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period		394,693			290,434
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(42,955	)	$	22,326

2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments resulting in accounting for convertible debt instruments as a single liability measured at its amortized cost. This change will also reduce reported interest expense and increase reported net income for entities that have issued a convertible instrument that was bifurcated according to previously existing rules. In addition, the ASU requires the application of the if-converted method for calculating diluted earnings per share and eliminates the treasury stock method for convertible debt. The ASU is effective commencing with our quarter ending March 31, 2022. We currently anticipate adopting this ASU using the modified retrospective transition approach.

Upon issuance of the 2.75% convertible senior notes due 2024 (“2.75% Convertible Notes”), cash received was separated into a $192.6 million debt component and a $27.9 million (net of $9.5 million in taxes) equity component. We have been increasing the debt component for the difference between the principal amount and the $192.6 million (“debt discount”) with an offset to interest expense over the life of the loan using an effective interest rate. Upon adoption of ASU 2020-06, interest expense previously recorded and remaining to be recorded from the debt discount will be reversed through retained earnings with an offset to debt, net of tax. We estimate this impact to be between $20 million and $40 million. In addition, using the if-converted method may have a material impact to diluted earnings per share if the Company is in a net income position.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for the effects of the transition away from LIBOR and other reference rates. Also, in January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope, which provided clarification guidance to ASU 2020-04. These ASUs are effective commencing with our quarter ended March 31, 2020 through December 31, 2022, at our option, and we expect to adopt in early 2022. We do not expect the adoption of these ASUs to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Our Credit Agreement currently incorporates the uses of the secured overnight financing rate as an alternative to LIBOR.

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3. Impairment Charges and Other Costs

Goodwill

We perform our goodwill impairment tests annually as of November 1 and more frequently when events and circumstances occur that indicate a possible impairment of goodwill. There were no events or circumstances during the six months ended June 30, 2021 or during the three months ended June 30, 2020 that would indicate a possible goodwill impairment.

We performed an interim goodwill impairment test on the March 31, 2020 balances of our Water and Mineral Services Group Materials and Water and Mineral Services Group Specialty reporting units due to an adverse change in the business climate for these reporting units, including a modified relationship with a business partner, increased competition and market consolidation during the three months ended March 31, 2020, exacerbated by economic disruption and market conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors led to reductions in the revenue and margin growth rates used in our quantitative goodwill tests. The goodwill impairment test resulted in a $14.8 million impairment charge during the three months ended March 31, 2020 associated with our Water and Mineral Services Group Materials reporting unit and no impairment charge associated with our Water and Minerals Services Group Specialty reporting unit as its estimated fair value exceeded its net book value (i.e., headroom) by over 15%. Interim goodwill impairment tests were not performed on our remaining reporting units as there was no indication of a possible goodwill impairment.

Consistent with our annual impairment test, we calculated the estimated fair values of the Water and Mineral Services Group Materials and Water and Mineral Services Group Specialty reporting units using the discounted cash flows and market multiple methods. Judgments inherent in these methods included the determination of appropriate discount rates, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, revenue and margin growth rates, and appropriate benchmark companies. The cash flows used in our discounted cash flow model were based on five-year financial forecasts developed internally by management adjusted for market participant-based assumptions. Our discount rate assumptions were based on an assessment of the equity cost of capital and appropriate capital structure for our reporting units.

Future developments that we are unable to anticipate may require us to further revise the estimated future cash flows, which could adversely affect the fair value of our reporting units in future periods and result in additional impairment charges. The assumptions used in the goodwill impairment tests are classified as Level 3 inputs.

Investments in Affiliates

Investments in affiliates are evaluated for impairment using the other-than-temporary impairment model, which requires an impairment charge to be recognized if our investments’ carrying amounts exceed their fair value, and the decline in fair value is deemed to be other than temporary. There were no events or changes in circumstances which would cause us to assess our investments for impairment during the six months ended June 30, 2021 or during the three months ended June 30, 2020.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, operating costs increased in certain of our foreign entity investments in affiliates which resulted in price increases and therefore a decrease in demand. The effect of this change in business climate on certain investments’ expected future operating cash flows resulted in other than temporary declines in fair value below the carrying values. Therefore, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $9.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2020 using assumptions classified as Level 3 inputs.

Other Costs

Other costs included on the condensed consolidated statements of operations primarily consisted of $66.0 million in net settlement charges for the six months ended June 30, 2021 as further described in Note 16. Other costs also included $6.2 million and $13.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $13.5 million and $18.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, of legal, accounting and investigation fees related to the independent investigation undertaken by the Audit/Compliance Committee. The remaining Other costs were related to restructuring in the Heavy Civil operating group and integration expenses related to the Layne Christensen Company (“Layne”) acquisition.

4. Revisions in Estimates

Our profit recognition related to construction contracts is based on estimates of transaction price and costs to complete each project. These estimates can vary significantly in the normal course of business as projects progress, circumstances develop and evolve, and uncertainties are resolved. Changes in estimates of transaction price and costs to complete may result in the reversal of previously recognized revenue if the current estimate adversely differs from the previous estimate. When we experience significant changes in our estimates, we undergo a process that includes reviewing the nature of the changes to ensure that there are no material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period rather than as revisions in estimates for the current period. For revisions in estimates, generally we use the cumulative catch-up method for changes to the transaction price that are part of a single performance obligation. Under this method, revisions in estimates are accounted for in their entirety in the period of change. There can be no assurance that we will not experience further changes in circumstances or otherwise be required to revise our estimates in the future. In our review of these changes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, we did not identify any material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period.

In the normal course of business, we have revisions in estimates, including estimated costs some of which are associated with unresolved affirmative claims and back charges. The estimated or actual recovery related to these estimated costs may be recorded in future periods or may be at values below the associated cost, which can cause fluctuations in the gross profit impact from revisions in estimates.

There were no increases from revisions in estimates, which individually had an impact of $5.0 million or more on gross profit, for the periods presented.

The projects with decreases from revisions in estimates, which individually had an impact of $5.0 million or more on gross profit, are summarized as follows (dollars in millions except per share data):

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*				*Six Months Ended June 30,*
	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*		*2020*
Number of projects with downward estimate changes		—		3		2		5
Amount/range of reduction in gross profit from each project, net	$	—	$	5.8 - 16.1	$	5.3 - 6.1	$	7.4 - 19.8
Decrease to project profitability		—		30.9		11.4		69.8
Increase to net loss		—		22.9		8.9		51.8
Increase to net loss per diluted share		—		0.50		0.20		1.14

The decreases during the six months ended June 30, 2021 were in our Transportation segment and were due to additional costs from acceleration of work coupled with lower productivity than originally anticipated and unfavorable weather. Other than one project in our Specialty segment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, all decreases were in our Transportation segment and were due to additional costs and lower productivity than originally anticipated as well as weather related costs.

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5. Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables present our disaggregated revenue (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,

2021	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*		*Total*
California	$	176,307	$	7,982	$	51,435	$	70,490	$	306,214
Federal		3,297		27		18,847		—		22,171
Heavy Civil		155,868		6,056		26,213		—		188,137
Midwest		32,223		—		25,436		—		57,659
Northwest		157,540		644		51,550		50,756		260,490
Water and Mineral Services		—		98,723		26,790		3,988		129,501
Total	$	525,235	$	113,432	$	200,271	$	125,234	$	964,172

2020	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*		*Total*
California	$	159,022	$	8,215	$	50,965	$	52,229	$	270,431
Federal		1,768		587		23,504		—		25,859
Heavy Civil		187,103		11,173		11,577		—		209,853
Midwest		34,942		152		38,648		—		73,742
Northwest		152,266		2,243		36,787		40,685		231,981
Water and Mineral Services		—		87,354		13,433		3,118		103,905
Total	$	535,101	$	109,724	$	174,914	$	96,032	$	915,771

Six Months Ended June 30,

2021	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*		*Total*
California	$	287,677	$	18,981	$	97,133	$	112,446	$	516,237
Federal		5,151		157		40,933		—		46,241
Heavy Civil		307,611		13,398		48,227		—		369,236
Midwest		49,178		—		45,768		—		94,946
Northwest		226,647		2,078		77,457		68,161		374,343
Water and Mineral Services		—		178,571		46,427		8,084		233,082
Total	$	876,264	$	213,185	$	355,945	$	188,691	$	1,634,085

2020	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*		*Total*
California	$	253,954	$	13,727	$	95,453	$	85,496	$	448,630
Federal		2,166		968		49,995		—		53,129
Heavy Civil		354,529		18,275		15,071		—		387,875
Midwest		59,185		152		50,151		—		109,488
Northwest		216,168		3,900		68,400		55,138		343,606
Water and Mineral Services		—		174,359		28,883		5,728		208,970
Total	$	886,002	$	211,381	$	307,953	$	146,362	$	1,551,698

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6. Unearned Revenue

The following tables present our unearned revenue as of the respective periods (in thousands):

June 30, 2021	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Total*
California	$	769,260	$	44,066	$	150,178	$	963,504
Federal		7,303		73		102,972		110,348
Heavy Civil		622,491		161,632		172,818		956,941
Midwest		107,630		—		295,447		403,077
Northwest		568,814		3,891		292,395		865,100
Water and Mineral Services		—		153,051		—		153,051
Total	$	2,075,498	$	362,713	$	1,013,810	$	3,452,021

March 31, 2021	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Total*
California	$	627,002	$	27,754	$	154,694	$	809,450
Federal		10,028		100		122,256		132,384
Heavy Civil		774,123		6,791		193,933		974,847
Midwest		135,655		—		350,063		485,718
Northwest		518,040		1,423		249,690		769,153
Water and Mineral Services		—		154,185		—		154,185
Total	$	2,064,848	$	190,253	$	1,070,636	$	3,325,737

June 30, 2020	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Total*
California	$	636,385	$	61,151	$	122,989	$	820,525
Federal		16,464		861		123,169		140,494
Heavy Civil		1,188,587		34,961		233,069		1,456,617
Midwest		214,016		—		112,298		326,314
Northwest		571,068		330		89,730		661,128
Water and Mineral Services		—		130,561		—		130,561
Total	$	2,626,520	$	227,864	$	681,255	$	3,535,639

Approximately $2.5 billion of the June 30, 2021 unearned revenue is expected to be recognized within the next twelve months and the remaining amount will be recognized thereafter.

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7. Contract Assets and Liabilities

As work is performed, revenue is recognized and the corresponding contract liabilities are reduced. We recognized revenue of $29.2 million and $175.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $18.2 million and $114.0 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, that was included in the contract liability balances at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

As a result of changes in contract transaction price from items such as executed or estimated change orders and resolution of contract modifications and claims, we recognized revenue of $44.3 million and $116.4 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, and $49.9 million and $93.8 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, related to performance obligations that were satisfied or partially satisfied prior to the end of the periods. The prior period amounts have been adjusted to correct an immaterial disclosure error in the previously issued June 30, 2020 condensed consolidated financial statements.

As of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the aggregate claim recovery estimates included in contract asset balances were $47.7 million, $37.7 million and $60.0 million, respectively.

The components of the contract asset balances as of the respective dates were as follows:

(in thousands)		*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Costs in excess of billings and estimated earnings	$	65,247	$	39,300	$	73,745
Contract retention		129,236		125,639		118,174
Total contract assets	$	194,483	$	164,939	$	191,919

As of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, no contract retention receivable individually exceeded 15% of total contract assets at any of the presented dates. The majority of the contract retention balance is expected to be collected within one year.

The components of the contract liability balances as of the respective dates were as follows:

(in thousands)		*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings, net of retention	$	147,072	$	143,623	$	148,050
Provisions for losses		27,778		27,698		11,768
Total contract liabilities	$	174,850	$	171,321	$	159,818

8. Receivables, net

Receivables include billed and unbilled amounts for services provided to clients for which we have an unconditional right to payment as of the end of the applicable period and do not bear interest. The following table presents major categories of receivables:

(in thousands)		*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Contracts completed and in progress:
Billed	$	259,319	$	293,376	$	311,550
Unbilled		217,025		148,159		163,815
Total contracts completed and in progress		476,344		441,535		475,365
Material sales		66,929		49,991		58,514
Other		105,930		52,736		65,462
Total gross receivables		649,203		544,262		599,341
Less: allowance for credit losses		2,263		3,450		2,419
Total net receivables	$	646,940	$	540,812	$	596,922

Included in other receivables at June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, were items such as estimated recovery from back charge claims, notes receivable, insurance receivable, fuel tax refunds and income tax refunds. Other than the $63.0 million insurance receivable related to the settlement discussed in Note 16, no other receivables individually exceeded 10% of total net receivables at any of these dates.

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9. Fair Value Measurement

The following tables summarize significant assets and liabilities measured at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis for each of the fair value levels (in thousands):

	*Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using*
June 30, 2021	*Level 1*		*Level 2*		*Level 3*		*Total*
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	23,489	$	—	$	—	$	23,489
Other current assets
Commodity swap		—		1,550		—		1,550
Other noncurrent assets
Restricted cash		1,512		—		—		1,512
Total assets	$	25,001	$	1,550	$	—	$	26,551
Accrued and other current liabilities
Interest rate swap	$	—	$	5,770	$	—	$	5,770
Total liabilities	$	—	$	5,770	$	—	$	5,770

December 31, 2020
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	70,483	$	—	$	—	$	70,483
Other noncurrent assets
Restricted cash		1,512		—		—		1,512
Total assets	$	71,995	$	—	$	—	$	71,995
Accrued and other current liabilities
Interest rate swap	$	—	$	7,606	$	—	$	7,606
Total liabilities	$	—	$	7,606	$	—	$	7,606

June 30, 2020
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	104,704	$	—	$	—	$	104,704
Other current assets
Commodity swap		—		598		—		598
Other noncurrent assets
Restricted cash		1,512		—		—		1,512
Total assets	$	106,216	$	598	$	—	$	106,814
Accrued and other current liabilities
Interest rate swap	$	—	$	9,058	$	—	$	9,058
Total liabilities	$	—	$	9,058	$	—	$	9,058

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Interest Rate Swaps

In connection with the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement we entered into two interest rate swaps with an effective date of May 2018 that were designated as cash flow hedges through the three months ended March 31, 2021. These interest rate swaps had a combined initial notional amount of $150.0 million and mature in May 2023. The interest rate swaps are designed to convert the interest rate on the term loan from a variable interest rate of LIBOR plus an applicable margin to a fixed rate of 2.76% plus the same applicable margin. The interest rate swap is measured at fair value on the condensed consolidated balance sheets using the income approach, which discounts the future net cash settlements expected under the derivative contracts to a present value. These valuations primarily utilize indirectly observable inputs, including contractual terms, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, we determined that the interest rate swaps were no longer highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions, and the interest rate swaps were de-designated as cash flow hedges. As a result of this de-designation, we recorded a $0.8 million reduction to interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three months ended June 30, 2021. The unrealized loss on the interest rate swaps of $5.4 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss will continue to be amortized to interest expense through the maturity date of May 2023 and was $0.7 million and $1.5 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

Commodity Swaps

As of June 30, 2021, we held crude oil swaps with total outstanding gross notional amounts of $4.9 million that will all mature by October 2021. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, total commodity swap gain was $1.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and was included in cost of revenue on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Other Assets and Liabilities

The carrying values and estimated fair values of financial instruments that are not required to be recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets were as follows:

		*June 30, 2021*				*December 31, 2020*				*June 30, 2020*
(in thousands)	*Fair Value Hierarchy*	*Carrying Value*		*Fair Value*		*Carrying Value*		*Fair Value*		*Carrying Value*		*Fair Value*
Assets:
Held-to-maturity marketable securities (1)	Level 1	$	10,850	$	10,801	$	5,200	$	5,200	$	5,896	$	5,896
Liabilities (including current maturities):
2.75% Convertible Notes (2),(3)	Level 2	$	203,771	$	333,500	$	200,303	$	248,400	$	196,946	$	184,554
Credit Agreement - term loan (2)	Level 3		127,500		128,639		131,250		133,030		135,000		137,116
Credit Agreement - revolving credit facility (2)	Level 3		—		—		—		—		75,000		76,291

(1) All marketable securities were classified as held-to-maturity and consisted of U.S. Government and agency obligations maturing in one to five years.

(2) The fair value of the 2.75% Convertible Notes is based on the median price of the notes in an active market. The fair value of the Credit Agreement is based on borrowing rates available to us for long-term loans with similar terms, average maturities, and credit risk. See Note 13 for more information about the Credit Agreement and 2.75% Convertible Notes.

(3) Excluded from the carrying value is debt discount of $26.2 million, $29.7 million and $33.1 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, respectively, related to the 2.75% Convertible Notes (see Note 13).

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the three months ended June 30, 2020, we did not record any fair value adjustments related to nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. As disclosed in Note 3, we recorded fair value adjustments related to nonfinancial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

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10. Construction Joint Ventures

We participate in various construction joint ventures. We have determined that certain of these joint ventures are consolidated because they are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and we are the primary beneficiary. We continually evaluate whether there are changes in the status of the VIEs or changes to the primary beneficiary designation of the VIE. Based on our assessments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we determined no change was required for existing joint ventures.

Due to the joint and several nature of the performance obligations under the related owner contracts, if any of the partners fail to perform, we and the remaining partners, if any, would be responsible for performance of the outstanding work (i.e., we provide a performance guarantee). At June 30, 2021, there was approximately $1.0 billion of construction revenue to be recognized on unconsolidated and line item construction joint venture contracts of which $0.4 billion represented our share and the remaining $0.6 billion represented our partners’ share. We are not able to estimate amounts that may be required beyond the remaining cost of the work to be performed. These costs could be offset by billings to the customer or by proceeds from our partners’ corporate and/or other guarantees.

Consolidated Construction Joint Ventures (“CCJVs”)

At June 30, 2021, we were engaged in nine active CCJV projects with total contract values ranging from $2.2 million to $437.5 million and a combined total of $1.8 billion of which our share was $1.0 billion. Our share of revenue remaining to be recognized on these CCJVs was $350.9 million and ranged from $1.0 million to $115.8 million. Our proportionate share of the equity in these joint ventures was between 50.0% and 70.0%. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, total revenue from CCJVs was $114.9 million and $197.5 million, respectively, and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, total revenue from CCJVs was $86.0 million and $140.7 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, CCJVs provided $19.4 million and $19.8 million of operating cash flows, respectively.

Unconsolidated Construction Joint Ventures

As of June 30, 2021, we were engaged in ten active unconsolidated joint venture projects with total contract values ranging from $13.4 million to $3.8 billion for a combined total of $11.6 billion of which our share was $3.4 billion. Our proportionate share of the equity in these unconsolidated construction joint ventures ranged from 20.0% to 50.0%. As of June 30, 2021, our share of the revenue remaining to be recognized on these unconsolidated construction joint ventures was $297.0 million and ranged from $1.3 million to $61.4 million.

The following is summary financial information related to unconsolidated construction joint ventures:

(in thousands)	*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Assets
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	139,381	$	181,889	$	213,285
Other current assets (1)		795,440		767,803		948,103
Noncurrent assets		140,160		164,022		185,866
Less partners’ interest		716,678		751,125		908,274
Granite’s interest (1),(2)		358,303		362,589		438,980
Liabilities
Current liabilities		432,130		482,562		515,113
Less partners’ interest and adjustments (3)		235,649		226,308		182,035
Granite’s interest		196,481		256,254		333,078
Equity in construction joint ventures (4)	$	161,822	$	106,335	$	105,902

(1) Included in this balance and in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets was $82.3 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 related to performance guarantees.

(2) Included in this balance as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, was $96.7 million, $88.7 million and $80.9 million, respectively, related to Granite’s share of estimated cost recovery of customer affirmative claims. In addition, this balance included $14.1 million, $13.1 million and $18.0 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, respectively, related to Granite’s share of estimated recovery of back charge claims.

(3) Partners’ interest and adjustments includes amounts to reconcile total net assets as reported by our partners to Granite’s interest adjusted to reflect our accounting policies and estimates primarily related to contract forecast differences.

(4) Included in this balance and in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets was $33.6 million, $82.5 million and $77.6 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, respectively, related to deficits in unconsolidated construction joint ventures, which includes provisions for losses.

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*					*Six Months Ended June 30,*
(in thousands)	*2021*		*2020*			*2021*		*2020*
Revenue
Total	$	263,558	$	384,461		$	495,600	$	446,491
Less partners’ interest and adjustments (1)		176,657		287,639			328,977		265,967
Granite’s interest		86,901		96,822			166,623		180,524
Cost of revenue
Total		249,494		356,755			497,564		585,215
Less partners’ interest and adjustments (1)		169,041		241,560			337,775		374,303
Granite’s interest		80,453		115,195			159,789		210,912
Granite’s interest in gross profit (loss)	$	6,448	$	(18,373	)	$	6,834	$	(30,388	)

(1) Partners’ interest and adjustments includes amounts to reconcile total revenue and total cost of revenue as reported by our partners to Granite’s interest adjusted to reflect our accounting policies and estimates primarily related to contract forecast differences.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, unconsolidated construction joint venture net income/(loss) was $13.8 million and $(2.2) million, respectively, of which our share was net income of $6.6 million and $7.0 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, unconsolidated net income/(loss) was $27.5 million and $(138.5) million, respectively, of which our share was net loss of $(18.7) million and $(30.5) million, respectively. The differences between our share of the joint venture net income/(loss) when compared to the joint venture net income/(loss) primarily resulted from differences between our estimated total revenue and cost of revenue when compared to that of our partners’ on five projects during both 2021 and 2020. The differences are due to timing differences from differing accounting policies and in public company quarterly reporting requirements. These joint venture net income/(loss) amounts exclude our corporate overhead required to manage the joint ventures and include taxes only to the extent the applicable states have joint venture level taxes.

Line Item Joint Ventures

As of June 30, 2021, we were engaged in three active line item joint venture construction projects with a total contract value of $280.2 million of which our portion was $172.2 million. As of June 30, 2021, our share of revenue remaining to be recognized on these line item joint ventures was $61.2 million. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, our portion of revenue from line item joint ventures was $20.1 million and $28.7 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, our portion of revenue from line item joint ventures was $18.4 million and $31.2 million, respectively.

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11. Investments in Affiliates

Our investments in affiliates balance consists of equity method investments in the following types of entities:

(in thousands)	*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Foreign	$	50,308	$	47,650	$	45,487
Real estate		11,914		12,777		16,578
Asphalt terminal		13,403		14,860		12,446
Total investments in affiliates	$	75,625	$	75,287	$	74,511

The following table provides summarized balance sheet information for our affiliates accounted for under the equity method on a combined basis:

(in thousands)	*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Current assets	$	155,442	$	133,882	$	122,608
Noncurrent assets		160,598		164,620		163,790
Total assets		316,040		298,502		286,398
Current liabilities		71,267		52,583		54,044
Long-term liabilities (1)		57,911		66,108		60,714
Total liabilities		129,178		118,691		114,758
Net assets		186,862		179,811		171,640
Granite’s share of net assets	$	75,625	$	75,287	$	74,511

(1) The balance primarily related to local bank debt for equipment purchases and working capital in our foreign affiliates and debt associated with our real estate investments.

Of the $316.0 million of total affiliate assets as of June 30, 2021, we had investments in thirteen foreign entities with total assets ranging from $0.1 million to $82.1 million, two real estate entities with total assets of $66.2 million and the asphalt terminal entity had total assets of $35.3 million. We have direct and indirect investments in the foreign entities and our percent ownership ranged from 25% to 50% as of June 30, 2021. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded a $9.6 million impairment charge related to our investment in foreign affiliates. See Note 3 for further discussion of the impairment charge. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, all of the investments in real estate affiliates were in residential real estate in Texas. As of June 30, 2020, $13.2 million of the investments in real estate affiliates was in residential real estate in Texas and the remaining balance was in commercial real estate in Texas. Our percent ownership in the real estate entities was between 10% and 25% as of June 30, 2021.

12. Property and Equipment, net

Balances of major classes of assets and total accumulated depreciation and depletion are included in property and equipment, net in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and were as follows:

(in thousands)	*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
Equipment and vehicles	$	991,812	$	950,416	$	959,083
Quarry property		195,284		206,073		196,033
Land and land improvements		127,417		135,639		135,707
Buildings and leasehold improvements		122,343		124,578		121,387
Office furniture and equipment		76,682		73,512		69,258
Property and equipment		1,513,538		1,490,218		1,481,468
Less: accumulated depreciation and depletion		996,395		963,202		941,415
Property and equipment, net	$	517,143	$	527,016	$	540,053

On June 30, 2021, we completed a sale-leaseback transaction associated with two properties in California. Sale of these properties resulted in a reduction in net property and equipment of $11.1 million and a $2.4 million addition to right of use assets and lease liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as well as a $29.7 million gain on sales of property and equipment on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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13. Long-Term Debt and Credit Arrangements

(in thousands)	*June 30, 2021*		*December 31, 2020*		*June 30, 2020*
2.75% Convertible Notes	$	203,771	$	200,303	$	196,946
Credit Agreement - term loan		127,500		131,250		135,000
Credit Agreement - revolving credit facility		—		—		75,000
Debt issuance costs and other		8,660		7,247		7,077
Total debt		339,931		338,800		414,023
Less current maturities		8,709		8,278		8,253
Total long-term debt	$	331,222	$	330,522	$	405,770

As of each June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, $7.5 million of the term loan portion of the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated May 31, 2018 (as subsequently amended, the “Credit Agreement”) was included in current maturities of long-term debt on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the remaining $120.0 million, $123.8 million and $127.5 million, respectively, was included in long-term debt.

As of June 30, 2021, the total unused availability under the Credit Agreement was $226.6 million resulting from $48.4 million in issued and outstanding letters of credit and no amount was drawn under the revolving credit facility. The letters of credit had expiration dates between July 2022 and December 2024.

As of June 30, 2021, the Applicable Rate was 1.63% for loans under the Credit Agreement bearing interest based on LIBOR and 0.63% for loans bearing interest at the Base Rate. Accordingly, the effective interest rates at June 30, 2021, for LIBOR and Base Rate loans were 2.38% and 3.88%, respectively. We elected to use LIBOR for the term loan.

As of June 30, 2021, the Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) was 1.69, which did not exceed the maximum of 3.00 and the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) was 8.26, which exceeded the minimum of 4.00.

As of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the carrying amount of the liability component of the 2.75% Convertible Notes was $203.8 million, $200.3 million and $196.9 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, the unamortized debt discount was $26.2 million, $29.7 million and $33.1 million, respectively.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we recorded $1.8 million and $3.5 million, respectively, of amortization related to the debt discount on the 2.75% Convertible Notes to interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and $0.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of amortization related to debt issuance costs and fees to other (income) expense, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded $1.6 million and $3.2 million, respectively, of amortization related to the debt discount on the 2.75% Convertible Notes to interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, of amortization related to debt issuance costs and fees to other (income) expense, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. These amounts were presented as amortization related to the 2.75% Convertible Notes on our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

14. Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The following table presents a reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per share as well as the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*				*Six Months Ended June 30,*
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	*2021*		*2020*		*2021*			*2020*
*Numerator (basic and diluted)*
Net income (loss) allocated to common shareholders for basic calculation	$	54,461	$	3,405	$	(11,734	)	$	(61,965	)
*Denominator*
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic		45,798		45,620		45,748			45,570
Dilutive effect of RSUs (1)		454		661		—			—
Dilutive effect of 2.75% Convertible Notes (2)		1,546		—		—			—
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted		47,798		46,281		45,748			45,570
Net income (loss) per share, basic	$	1.19	$	0.07	$	(0.26	)	$	(1.36	)
Net income (loss) per share, diluted	$	1.14	$	0.07	$	(0.26	)	$	(1.36	)

(1) Due to the net losses for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, RSUs representing approximately 503,000 and 552,000 shares, respectively, have been excluded from the number of shares used in calculating diluted net loss per share, as their inclusion would be antidilutive.

(2) Although the average price of our common stock for the period was greater than the initial conversion price of $31.47 per share, due to the net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2021, approximately 1.0 million shares related to the 2.75% Convertible Notes converting into shares of common stock have been excluded from the number of shares used in calculating diluted net loss per share as their inclusion would be antidilutive. The number of shares used in calculating diluted net income (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 excluded the potential dilution from the 2.75% Convertible Notes converting into shares of common stock as the average price of our common stock was below $31.47 per share for those periods.

15. Income Taxes

The following table presents the provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the respective periods:

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*						*Six Months Ended June 30,*
(dollars in thousands)	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	15,619		$	(1,782	)	$	(6,836	)	$	(16,492	)
Effective tax rate		21.9	%		64.7	%		41.7	%		18.3	%

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2021 decreased to 21.9% from 64.7%, when compared to the same period in 2020. This change was primarily due to the impact of adjusting our estimate of our annual effective tax rate relative to the loss before benefit from income taxes for the three months ended June 30, 2020. Our effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2021 increased to 41.7% from 18.3%, when compared to the same period in 2020. This change was primarily due to the goodwill impairment and the investment in affiliates impairment which is discrete to the six months ended June 30, 2020 and resulted in no discrete tax benefit. See Note 3 for discussion of the impairment charges. The $66.0 million in settlement charges discussed in Note 16 are discrete to the six months ended June 30, 2021 which resulted in a discrete tax benefit of $17.0 million.

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16. Contingencies - Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, we and our affiliates are involved in various legal proceedings alleging, among other things, liability issues or breach of contract or tortious conduct in connection with the performance of services and/or materials provided, the various outcomes of which cannot be predicted with certainty. We and our affiliates are also subject to government inquiries in the ordinary course of business seeking information concerning our compliance with government construction contracting requirements and various laws and regulations, the outcomes which cannot be predicted with certainty.

Some of the matters in which we or our joint ventures and affiliates are involved may involve compensatory, punitive, or other claims or sanctions that, if granted, could require us to pay damages or make other expenditures in amounts that are not probable to be incurred or cannot currently be reasonably estimated. In addition, in some circumstances our government contracts could be terminated, we could be suspended, debarred or incur other administrative penalties or sanctions, or payment of our costs could be disallowed. While any of our pending legal proceedings may be subject to early resolution as a result of our ongoing efforts to resolve the proceedings, whether or when any legal proceeding will be resolved is neither predictable nor guaranteed.

Accordingly, it is possible that future developments in such proceedings and inquiries could require us to (i) adjust existing accruals, or (ii) record new accruals that we did not originally believe to be probable or that could not be reasonably estimated. Such changes could be material to our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows in any particular reporting period. In addition to matters that are considered probable for which the loss can be reasonably estimated, disclosure is also provided when it is reasonably possible and estimable that a loss will be incurred or when it is reasonably possible that the amount of a loss will exceed the amount recorded.

Liabilities relating to legal proceedings and government inquiries, to the extent that we have concluded such liabilities are probable and the amounts of such liabilities are reasonably estimable, are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate liabilities recorded as of June 30, 2021 were $66.0 million and as of December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 were immaterial. The aggregate range of possible loss related to (i) matters considered reasonably possible, and (ii) reasonably possible amounts in excess of accrued losses recorded for probable loss contingencies, including those related to liquidated damages, could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements if they become probable and the reasonably estimable amount is determined.

On August 13, 2019, a securities class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against the Company, James H. Roberts, our former President and Chief Executive Officer, and Jigisha Desai, our former Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and current Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer. An amended complaint was filed on February 20, 2020 that, among other things, added Laurel Krzeminski, our former Chief Financial Officer, as a defendant. The amended complaint is brought on behalf of an alleged class of persons or entities that acquired our common stock between April 30, 2018 and October 24, 2019, and alleges claims arising under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 thereunder. After the filing of the amended complaint, this case was re-titled Police Retirement System of St. Louis v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et. al. The amended complaint seeks damages based on allegations that the defendants made false and/or misleading statements and failed to disclose material adverse facts in the Company’s SEC filings about its business, operations and prospects. On May 20, 2020, the court denied, in part, the defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On January 21, 2021, the court granted Plaintiff’s motion for class certification.

On October 23, 2019, a putative class action lawsuit, titled Nasseri v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et. al., was filed in the Superior Court of California, County of Santa Cruz against the Company, James H. Roberts, our former President and Chief Executive Officer, Laurel Krzeminski, our former Chief Financial Officer, and the then-serving Board of Directors on behalf of persons who acquired shares of Company common stock in the Company’s June 2018 merger with Layne. The complaint asserts causes of action under the Securities Act of 1933 and alleges that the registration statement and prospectus were negligently prepared and included materially false and misleading statements and failed to disclose facts required to be disclosed. On August 10, 2020, the court sustained our demurrer dismissing the complaint with leave to amend. On September 16, 2020, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint. We have filed a demurrer seeking to dismiss the amended complaint. On April 9, 2021, the court entered an order overruling our demurrer seeking to dismiss the amended complaint. On May 14, 2021, the plaintiff filed a motion for class certification. On July 26, 2021, we filed a motion to stay the case pending the federal court’s review of the proposed settlement in Police Retirement System of St. Louis v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al.

On April 29, 2021, we entered into a stipulation of settlement (the “Settlement Agreement”) to settle Police Retirement System of St. Louis v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al. The Settlement Agreement also settles claims alleged in Nasseri v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al. The settlement is subject to court approval.

Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company will pay or cause to be paid a total of $129 million in cash, $63 million of which it expects to be paid through insurance proceeds. The payment will be paid to a settlement fund that will be used to pay all settlement fees and expenses, attorneys’ fees and expenses, and cash payments to members of the settlement class. The settlement class has agreed to release us, the other defendants named in the lawsuits and certain of their respective related parties from any and all claims, rights, causes of action, liabilities, actions, suits, damages or demands of any kind whatsoever, that relate in any way to the purchase, acquisition, holding, sale or disposition of our common stock during the period between February 17, 2017 and October 24, 2019 that arose out of or are based upon or related to the facts alleged or the claims or allegations set forth in Police Retirement System of St. Louis v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al. or relate in any way to any alleged violation of the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or any other state, federal or foreign jurisdiction’s securities or other laws, any alleged misstatement, omission or disclosure (including in financial statements) or other alleged securities-related wrongdoing or misconduct, including all claims alleged in Nasseri v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al. The Settlement Agreement contains no admission of liability, wrongdoing or responsibility by any of the parties.

On April 30, 2021, the class representative filed a motion for preliminary approval of the settlement, which is still under review by the court. The plaintiff in Nasseri v. Granite Construction Incorporated, et al. has been permitted to intervene, although the court has denied his application to be appointed as additional lead plaintiff. If the court preliminarily approves the settlement, members of the settlement class will be provided notice of, and an opportunity to object to, the settlement at a fairness hearing to be held by the court to determine whether the settlement should be finally approved and whether the proposed order and final judgment should be entered. If the court approves the settlement, including the payment and release described above, and enters such order and final judgment, and such judgment is no longer subject to further appeal or other review, the settlement fund will be disbursed in accordance with a plan of allocation approved by the court and the release will be effective to all members of the settlement class.

As a result of entering into the Settlement Agreement, we recorded a pre-tax charge of approximately $66 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

On May 6, 2020, a stockholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against James H. Roberts, our former President and Chief Executive Officer, Jigisha Desai, our former Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and current Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer, Laurel Krzeminski, our former Chief Financial Officer, and our then-current Board of Directors, and the Company, as a nominal defendant, asserting claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that allegedly occurred between April 30, 2018 and October 24, 2019. The lawsuit alleges that the individual defendants each knowingly inflated the Company’s revenue, income, and margins in violation of U.S. GAAP, which caused the results during the relevant periods to be materially false and misleading. The complaint seeks monetary damages and corporate governance reforms. The court has ordered that the lawsuit in the derivative action be stayed until further order of the court or until entry of a final judgment in the putative securities class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California.

On May 12, 2021, a stockholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the Delaware Court of Chancery against James H. Roberts, Jigisha Desai, Laurel Krzeminski, Craig Hall, our Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Corporate Compliance Officer, and Secretary, and our then-current Board of Directors, and the Company, as a nominal defendant, asserting claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty that allegedly occurred between April 30, 2018 and October 24, 2019. The lawsuit alleges that the individual defendants each knowingly inflated the Company’s revenue, income, and margins in violation of U.S. GAAP, which caused the results during the relevant periods to be materially false and misleading. The complaint seeks monetary damages and corporate governance reforms.

We are in the preliminary stages of the litigation and, as a result, we cannot predict the outcome or consequences of these cases, which we intend to defend vigorously.

As of June 30, 2021, other than the $66 million charge described above, we did not record any liability related to the above matters because we concluded such liabilities were not probable and the amounts of such liabilities are not reasonably estimable.

We were informed on July 20, 2021 of an arbitration award denying insurance coverage for claims related to remedial measures undertaken by the general contractor of the Salesforce Tower office building in San Francisco and related damages. Layne was a subcontractor on the foundation for the Salesforce Tower office building in 2013 and 2014. Certain anomalies were discovered in March 2014 in the foundation’s structural concrete, which were remediated by the general contractor during 2015. Layne assigned any insurance claims it may have had under the project’s builder’s risk insurance policy to the general contractor. During 2014, the project owner and the general contractor submitted a claim to the project’s builder’s risk insurers to cover the cost of remedial work and related damages. The claim was denied by the builder’s risk insurers. The project owner and the general contractor subsequently filed a legal proceeding against the insurers seeking coverage under the builder’s risk insurance policy, which proceeding was then transferred by agreement to arbitration. Although we were not a party to this legal proceeding, we believe, based on court filings and developments in the arbitration, that the project owner and the general contractor asserted a claim for damages against the project’s builder’s risk insurers for approximately $100 million. In connection with our acquisition of Layne in June 2018, we assumed any potential liability relating to this project. Based on the arbitration award denying insurance coverage for claims related to remedial measures undertaken by the general contractor of the Salesforce Tower office building and related damages, management believes it is probable that claims could be brought against the Company by the general contractor related to Layne’s involvement in the original project. We believe we have multiple defenses and counterclaims to any claims that are brought against us and intend to defend against the claims and prosecute any counterclaims vigorously. As of the date of this report, no action has been filed against us. While we believe a claim is probable, we do not believe the amount of any liabilities related to the claim are reasonably estimable at this time. Accordingly, no provision has been made in our consolidated financial statements.

In connection with our disclosure of the Audit/Compliance Committee’s independent investigation of prior-period reporting for the Heavy Civil operating group and the extent to which those matters affected the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (the “Investigation”), we voluntarily contacted the San Francisco office of the SEC Division of Enforcement regarding the Investigation. The SEC has issued us subpoenas for documents in connection with the accounting issues identified in the Investigation. We have produced documents to the SEC and will continue to cooperate with the SEC in its investigation.

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17. Business Segment Information

Summarized segment information is as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,

	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*			*Total*
2021
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	525,235	$	113,432	$	200,271	$	176,841		$	1,015,779
Elimination of intersegment revenue		—		—		—		(51,607	)		(51,607	)
Revenue from external customers		525,235		113,432		200,271		125,234			964,172
Gross profit		59,517		10,563		24,369		22,497			116,946
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		5,570		7,323		5,674		6,681			25,248

2020
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	535,101	$	109,724	$	174,914	$	141,858		$	961,597
Elimination of intersegment revenue		—		—		—		(45,826	)		(45,826	)
Revenue from external customers		535,101		109,724		174,914		96,032			915,771
Gross profit		31,197		12,579		25,280		19,287			88,343
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,391		9,577		6,737		5,470			26,175

Six Months Ended June 30,

	*Transportation*		*Water*		*Specialty*		*Materials*			*Total*
2021
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	876,264	$	213,185	$	355,945	$	255,990		$	1,701,384
Elimination of intersegment revenue		—		—		—		(67,299	)		(67,299	)
Revenue from external customers		876,264		213,185		355,945		188,691			1,634,085
Gross profit		95,383		19,129		41,694		24,058			180,264
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		10,082		14,603		10,251		12,315			47,251
Segment assets		308,918		113,986		104,128		364,413			891,445

2020
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	886,002	$	211,381	$	307,953	$	206,510		$	1,611,846
Elimination of intersegment revenue		—		—		—		(60,148	)		(60,148	)
Revenue from external customers		886,002		211,381		307,953		146,362			1,551,698
Gross profit		56,566		21,926		14,561		19,089			112,142
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		9,417		19,141		13,120		10,443			52,121
Segment assets		304,312		267,385		123,881		377,909			1,073,487

A reconciliation of segment gross profit to consolidated income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes is as follows:

	*Three Months Ended June 30,*						*Six Months Ended June 30,*
(in thousands)	*2021*			*2020*			*2021*			*2020*
Total gross profit from reportable segments	$	116,946		$	88,343		$	180,264		$	112,142
Selling, general and administrative expenses		74,069			78,023			149,797			151,239
Non-cash impairment charges (see Note 3)		—			—			—			24,413
Other costs (see Note 3)		5,953			13,659			81,788			18,824
Gain on sales of property and equipment (see Note 12)		(31,636	)		(1,190	)		(34,190	)		(1,813	)
Total other (income) expense		(2,806	)		606			(719	)		9,482
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	71,366		$	(2,755	)	$	(16,412	)	$	(90,003	)

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Disclosure

From time to time, Granite makes certain comments and disclosures in reports and statements, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or statements made by its officers or directors, that are not based on historical facts, including statements regarding future events, occurrences, circumstances, strategy, activities, performance, outlook, outcomes, guidance, capital expenditures, committed and awarded projects, and results, that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “future,” “outlook,” “assumes,” “believes,” “expects,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “appears,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “continue,” and the negatives thereof or other comparable terminology or by the context in which they are made. In addition, other written or oral statements that constitute forward-looking statements have been made and may in the future be made by or on behalf of Granite. These forward-looking statements are estimates reflecting the best judgment of senior management and reflect our current expectations regarding future events, occurrences, circumstances, strategy, activities, performance, outlook, outcomes, guidance, capital expenditures, committed and awarded projects, and results. These expectations may or may not be realized. Some of these expectations may be based on beliefs, assumptions or estimates that may prove to be incorrect. In addition, our business and operations involve numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could result in our expectations not being realized or otherwise materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those more specifically described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Due to the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with our forward-looking statements, the reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on them. The reader is also cautioned that the forward-looking statements contained herein speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason.

Overview

We are one of the largest diversified infrastructure companies in the United States. We are engaged in a wide array of projects including the construction of streets, roads, highways, mass transit facilities, bridges, trenchless and underground utilities, power-related facilities, water-related facilities, well drilling, utilities, tunnels, dams, site preparation, mining services, and construction management professional services. We are also engaged in a variety of infrastructure services including those for airports, residential development, energy development, commercial and industrial sites. We have four reportable business segments: Transportation, Water, Specialty and Materials (see Note 17 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”). In addition to business segments, we review our business by operating groups. Our operating groups are California, Federal, Heavy Civil, Northwest, Midwest and Water and Mineral Services.

The five primary economic drivers of our business are (i) the overall health of the U.S. economy; (ii) federal, state and local public funding levels; (iii) population growth resulting in public and private development; (iv) the need to build, replace or repair aging infrastructure; and (v) the pricing of certain commodity related products. Changes in these drivers can either reduce our revenues and/or gross profit margins or provide opportunities for revenue growth and gross profit margin improvement.

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Current Economic Environment and Outlook

While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact around the country and the world, there has been significant improvement in the United States. Granite’s approach to the pandemic is led by prioritizing the safety, health and hygiene of our employees, customers, suppliers and others with whom we partner in our business activities. As of the end of the second quarter of 2021, our business has largely returned to pre-pandemic levels of activity with locales across our footprint removing most pandemic restrictions. However, we continue to closely monitor developments related to COVID-19, which continue to be highly uncertain and could adversely impact our operations and financial results in future periods.

Our consolidated balance sheet and liquidity continue to be strong through the second quarter of 2021 and we expect it to continue to remain strong as we continue to focus on working capital management and reinvestment in our businesses.

Funding for our public work projects, which is around 75% of our portfolio, is dependent on federal, state, regional and local revenues. At the federal level, on September 30, 2020, Congress approved the one-year extension of the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (“FAST”) Act with flat funding levels as well as a $13.6 billion infusion to the Highway Trust Fund from the general fund, providing state and local governments the visibility needed to plan for 2021 construction programs. In late December 2020, Congress approved a $10 billion relief spending bill for state departments of transportation as part of the Coronavirus Response and Relief Act to help offset pandemic-induced revenue declines. Based on estimates provided by The Federal Highway Administration, over $1.5 billion of the relief fund is apportioned to Granite Construction’s vertically-integrated businesses. Furthermore, in March 2021, Congress approved the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 which included $360 billion in Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds to assist governments' efforts to mitigate fiscal effects on state and local budgets. Within the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, $10 billion is earmarked for infrastructure, with much of it anticipated to go towards clean energy and non-surface transportation projects.

In late June 2021, the Biden Administration and members of a bipartisan Senate group agreed to a roughly $1.2 trillion Bipartisan Infrastructure Framework, proposing for $579 billion in new spending which includes significant new funding proposals for roads, bridges, airports, ports and inland waterway infrastructures. We remain optimistic that Congress and the Administration will jointly move forward in 2021 to pass a long-term solution that addresses infrastructure investment, which we believe will meaningfully improve the programming visibility for state and local governments, starting in mid to late 2022 and then building in following years. At state, regional and local levels, voter-approved state and local transportation measures continue to support infrastructure spending. In the November 2020 elections, voters in 18 states approved 94% of state and local ballot initiatives that will provide an additional $14 billion in one-time and recurring revenue for transportation improvements. In California, our top revenue-generating state, a significant part of the state infrastructure spend is funded through Senate Bill 1 (SB-1), the Road Repair and Accountability Act of 2017, which is a 10-year, $54.2 billion program. Revenue collected through SB-1 is on track to increase over the next 5 years. While we are encouraged by these funding supports, our markets are diverse with some being more impacted by the pandemic. We closely monitor these funding trends in all our markets and manage our pursuit pipeline accordingly.

While funding uncertainties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the normal cadence of project bids in our water-related construction, water resources and wastewater rehabilitation businesses, market demand and local funding opportunities remain resilient. Across the Water segment’s end markets, states and municipal water authorities are weighing options for overdue water and wastewater infrastructure investment. For our wastewater rehabilitation business, this includes potential awards for infrastructure improvements mandated through consent decrees. At the federal level, Congress approved the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 and authorized spending $9.9 billion for 46 new flood control, harbor, ecosystem and lock and dam projects on waterways across the nation. This legislation unlocked the roughly $10 billion balance in the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund including allowing access to $500 million in appropriations to the Army Corps of Engineers. Furthermore, state and local governments have the discretion to make necessary investments in water and sewer infrastructure using the non-earmarked portion of the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds approved in March 2021. The American Jobs Plan proposed by the Administration in March also included funding proposals for water and wastewater infrastructure improvements.

As further discussed in Note 16 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” we were informed on July 20, 2021 of an arbitration award denying insurance coverage for claims related to remedial measures undertaken by the general contractor of the Salesforce Tower office building in San Francisco and related damages. Layne was a subcontractor on this project and in connection with our acquisition of Layne in June 2018, we assumed any liability related to it. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—In connection with acquisitions or divestitures, we may become subject to liabilities” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors - We are involved in lawsuits and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business and may in the future be subject to other litigation and legal proceedings, and, if any of these are resolved adversely against us, it could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 for additional information.

Heavy Civil Strategic Review

The Company continues to focus on the execution of its strategic initiatives related to the Heavy Civil operating group to reduce enterprise exposure to large, complex projects where risks are difficult to mitigate which we refer to as the Old Risk Portfolio. The Company concluded that historical industry pricing and associated risk for this type of work does not align with the Company’s stakeholder expectations. Our focus is to pursue opportunities in markets where Granite’s presence, capabilities and resources provide strategic advantages, coupled with stricter bidding criteria and project approval requirements.

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Results of Operations

Our operations are typically affected more by weather conditions during the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year which may alter our construction schedules and can create variability in our revenues and profitability. Therefore, the results of operations of a given quarter are not indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The following table presents a financial summary for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2021			2020			2021			2020
Total revenue	$	964,172		$	915,771		$	1,634,085		$	1,551,698
Gross profit		116,946			88,343			180,264			112,142
Selling, general and administrative expenses		74,069			78,023			149,797			151,239
Non-cash impairment charges (see Note 3 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”)		—			—			—			24,413
Other costs (see Note 3 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”)		5,953			13,659			81,788			18,824
Gain on sales of property and equipment, net (see Note 12 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”)		(31,636	)		(1,190	)		(34,190	)		(1,813	)
Operating income (loss)		68,560			(2,149	)		(17,131	)		(80,521	)
Total other (income) expense		(2,806	)		606			(719	)		9,482
Amount attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,286	)		4,378			(2,158	)		11,546
Net income (loss) attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated		54,461			3,405			(11,734	)		(61,965	)

Revenue

Total Revenue by Segment

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021				2020				2021				2020
Transportation	$	525,235	54.5	%	$	535,101	58.4	%	$	876,264	53.7	%	$	886,002	57.2	%
Water		113,432	11.8			109,724	12.0			213,185	13.0			211,381	13.6
Specialty		200,271	20.8			174,914	19.1			355,945	21.8			307,953	19.8
Materials		125,234	12.9			96,032	10.5			188,691	11.5			146,362	9.4
Total	$	964,172	100.0	%	$	915,771	100.0	%	$	1,634,085	100.0	%	$	1,551,698	100.0	%

Transportation Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021				2020				2021			2020
California	$	176,307	33.6	%	$	159,022	29.7	%	$	287,677	32.8%	$	253,954	28.7	%
Federal		3,297	0.6			1,768	0.3			5,151	0.6		2,166	0.2
Heavy Civil		155,868	29.7			187,103	35.0			307,611	35.1		354,529	40.0
Midwest		32,223	6.1			34,942	6.5			49,178	5.6		59,185	6.7
Northwest		157,540	30.0			152,266	28.5			226,647	25.9		216,168	24.4
Total	$	525,235	100.0	%	$	535,101	100.0	%	$	876,264	100.0%	$	886,002	100.0	%

Transportation revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 decreased by $9.9 million, or 1.8%, and $9.7 million, or 1.1%, respectively, when compared to 2020 primarily driven by certain Heavy Civil operating group projects, including those in the Old Risk Portfolio, nearing completion. These decreases were partially offset by increases in the California operating group from beginning the periods with higher CAP (see “Committed and Awarded Projects” section for definition of CAP), increased awards in the California and Northwest operating groups and in the Heavy Civil operating group from a decrease in the net negative impact of revisions in estimates when compared to 2020 (see Note 4 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for more information). During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the majority of revenue earned in the Transportation segment was from the public sector.

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Water Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021				2020				2021			2020
California	$	7,982	7.0	%	$	8,215	7.4	%	$	18,981	8.9%	$	13,727	6.5	%
Federal		27	—			587	0.5			157	0.1		968	0.5
Heavy Civil		6,056	5.3			11,173	10.2			13,398	6.3		18,275	8.6
Midwest		—	—			152	0.1			—	—		152	0.1
Northwest		644	0.6			2,243	2.1			2,078	1.0		3,900	1.8
Water and Mineral Services		98,723	87.1			87,354	79.7			178,571	83.7		174,359	82.5
Total	$	113,432	100.0	%	$	109,724	100.0	%	$	213,185	100.0%	$	211,381	100.0	%

Water revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $3.7 million, or 3.4%, and $1.8 million, or 0.9%, respectively, when compared to 2020. The increases were primarily driven by increased demand for water supply and maintenance services amidst the western U.S. drought conditions, as well as lower activity levels in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic which caused delays in awarded projects and deferrals in bidding processes. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the majority of revenue earned in the Water segment was from the public sector.

Specialty Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021				2020				2021				2020
California	$	51,435	25.7	%	$	50,965	29.1	%	$	97,133	27.3	%	$	95,453	31.0	%
Federal		18,847	9.4			23,504	13.4			40,933	11.5			49,995	16.2
Heavy Civil		26,213	13.1			11,577	6.6			48,227	13.5			15,071	4.9
Midwest		25,436	12.7			38,648	22.1			45,768	12.9			50,151	16.3
Northwest		51,550	25.7			36,787	21.1			77,457	21.8			68,400	22.2
Water and Mineral Services		26,790	13.4			13,433	7.7			46,427	13.0			28,883	9.4
Total	$	200,271	100.0	%	$	174,914	100.0	%	$	355,945	100.0	%	$	307,953	100.0	%

Specialty revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $25.4 million, or 14.5%, and $48.0 million, or 15.6%, respectively, when compared to 2020. These increases were primarily driven by project progression in the Heavy Civil operating group, new awards in the Northwest operating group and recovery from the pandemic in the Water and Mineral Service operating group, partially offset by projects nearing completion in the Midwest operating group. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, revenue earned in the Specialty segment was from both the public and private sectors.

Materials Revenue

	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021				2020				2021				2020
California	$	70,490	56.3	%	$	52,229	54.4	%	$	112,446	59.6	%	$	85,496	58.4	%
Northwest		50,756	40.5			40,685	42.4			68,161	36.1			55,138	37.7
Water and Mineral Services		3,988	3.2			3,118	3.2			8,084	4.3			5,728	3.9
Total	$	125,234	100.0	%	$	96,032	100.0	%	$	188,691	100.0	%	$	146,362	100.0	%

Materials revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $29.2 million, or 30.4%, and $42.3 million, or 28.9%, when compared to 2020 primarily due to an increase in volume in both asphalt and aggregates.

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Committed and Awarded Projects

Effective during the three months ended June 30, 2021, on a retroactive basis, we renamed contract backlog to Committed and Awarded Projects (“CAP”) and added the general construction portion of construction management/general contractor contracts to the extent contract execution and funding is probable. This is the same presentation used in our quarterly earnings calls and press releases. Prior period amounts have been revised to reflect this change.

We generally include a project in our unearned revenue at the time a contract is awarded and to the extent we believe contract execution and funding is probable. Certain government contracts where funding is appropriated on a periodic basis are included in unearned revenue at the time of the award when it is probable the contract value will be funded and executed. Contract options and task orders are included in unearned revenue when exercised or issued, respectively. Other awards include awarded contracts with unexercised contract options or unissued task orders to the extent option exercise or task order issuance is probable, respectively. Other awards also include the general construction portion of construction management/general contractor projects to the extent award, contract execution and funding are probable.

Total CAP by Segment

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021			June 30, 2020
Transportation	$	2,894,115	65.1	%	$	3,028,893	68.1	%	$	3,251,646	78.0	%
Water		531,858	12.0			339,030	7.6			232,133	5.6
Specialty		1,019,318	22.9			1,083,971	24.3			681,255	16.4
Total	$	4,445,291	100.0	%	$	4,451,894	100.0	%	$	4,165,034	100.0	%

Transportation CAP

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021			June 30, 2020
Unearned revenue	$	2,075,498	71.7	%	$	2,064,848	68.2	%	$	2,626,520	80.8	%
Other awards (1)		818,617	28.3			964,045	31.8			625,126	19.2
Total	$	2,894,115	100.0	%	$	3,028,893	100.0	%	$	3,251,646	100.0	%

(1) Other awards include awarded contracts with unexercised contract options or unissued task orders to the extent option exercise or task order issuance is probable, respectively, as well as the general construction portion of construction management/general contractor contracts to the extent contract execution is probable.

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021			June 30, 2020
California	$	1,152,327	39.7	%	$	1,130,684	37.3	%	$	923,918	28.4	%
Federal		7,303	0.3			10,028	0.3			16,464	0.5
Heavy Civil		622,490	21.5			774,122	25.6			1,188,678	36.6
Midwest		230,184	8.0			258,298	8.5			214,016	6.6
Northwest		881,811	30.5			855,761	28.3			908,570	27.9
Total	$	2,894,115	100.0	%	$	3,028,893	100.0	%	$	3,251,646	100.0	%

Transportation CAP of $2.9 billion at June 30, 2021 was $134.8 million, or 4.4%, lower than at March 31, 2021 primarily due to progress on existing projects and fewer awarded contracts in the Heavy Civil operating group, consistent with our strategy to narrow the footprint of this group, as discussed in the “Current Economic Environment and Outlook” above. Significant new awards during the three months ended June 30, 2021 included a $151.0 million highway construction project in California, a $16.0 million airport project in Alaska, a $44.1 million corridor improvement project in Nevada, a $28.0 million interchange access ramp construction project in Washington, and an $18.7 million road reconstruction project in Utah.

Non-controlling partners’ share of Transportation CAP as of June 30, 2021, March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020 was $212.1 million, $248.4 million and $280.0 million, respectively. Four contracts in our Transportation segment had total forecasted losses with remaining revenue of $303.1 million, or 10.5%, of Transportation CAP at June 30, 2021.

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Water CAP

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021			June 30, 2020
Unearned revenue	$	362,713	68.2	%	$	190,253	56.1	%	$	227,864	98.2	%
Other awards (1)		169,145	31.8			148,777	43.9			4,269	1.8
Total	$	531,858	100.0	%	$	339,030	100.0	%	$	232,133	100.0	%

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021				June 30, 2020
California	$	44,066	8.3	%	$	27,754	8.2	%	$	61,151	26.3	%
Federal		73	—			100	—			861	0.4
Heavy Civil		161,632	30.4			6,791	2.0			34,961	15.1
Midwest		—	—			—	—			—	—
Northwest		61,891	11.6			24,423	7.2			330	0.1
Water and Mineral Services		264,196	49.7			279,962	82.6			134,830	58.1
Total	$	531,858	100.0	%	$	339,030	100.0	%	$	232,133	100.0	%

Water CAP of $531.9 million as of June 30, 2021 was $192.8 million, or 56.9%, higher than at March 31, 2021 primarily due to new awards in the Heavy Civil and Northwest operating groups. Significant new awards during the three months ended June 30, 2021 included a $160.5 million dam project in Texas.

Specialty CAP

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021				June 30, 2020
Unearned revenue	$	1,013,810	99.5	%	$	1,070,636	98.8	%	$	681,255	100.0	%
Other awards (1)		5,508	0.5			13,335	1.2			—	—
Total	$	1,019,318	100.0	%	$	1,083,971	100.0	%	$	681,255	100.0	%

(dollars in thousands)		June 30, 2021				March 31, 2021			June 30, 2020
California	$	155,686	15.3	%	$	165,471	15.2	%	$	122,989	18.0	%
Federal		102,972	10.1			122,256	11.3			123,169	18.1
Heavy Civil		172,819	17.0			193,933	17.9			233,068	34.2
Midwest		295,446	28.9			350,063	32.3			112,299	16.5
Northwest		292,395	28.7			252,248	23.3			89,730	13.2
Total	$	1,019,318	100.0	%	$	1,083,971	100.0	%	$	681,255	100.0	%

Specialty CAP of $1.0 billion as of June 30, 2021 was $64.7 million, or 6.0%, lower than at March 31, 2021 due to progress on existing projects in all operating groups, partially offset by increased awards in the Northwest operating group.

Non-controlling partners’ share of Specialty CAP as of June 30, 2021, March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2020 was $61.5 million, $72.9 million and $71.0 million, respectively.

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Gross Profit

The following table presents gross profit by business segment for the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2020			2021			2020
Transportation	$	59,517		$	31,197		$	95,383		$	56,566
Percent of segment revenue		11.3	%		5.8	%		10.9	%		6.4	%
Water		10,563			12,579			19,129			21,926
Percent of segment revenue		9.3			11.5			9.0			10.4
Specialty		24,369			25,280			41,694			14,561
Percent of segment revenue		12.2			14.5			11.7			4.7
Materials		22,497			19,287			24,058			19,089
Percent of segment revenue		18.0			20.1			12.7			13.0
Total gross profit	$	116,946		$	88,343		$	180,264		$	112,142
Percent of total revenue		12.1	%		9.6	%		11.0	%		7.2	%

Transportation gross profit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $28.3 million, or 90.8%, and $38.8 million, or 68.6%, respectively, when compared to 2020 primarily due to a decrease in the negative net impact from revisions in estimates in our Heavy Civil operating group Old Risk Portfolio, partially offset by projects nearing completion (see Note 4 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”).

Water gross profit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 decreased by $2.0 million, or 16.0%, and $2.8 million, or 12.8%, respectively, when compared to 2020. The decreases were primarily due to an increase in weather-related costs on one project in the Heavy Civil operating group and increased costs on a California operating group project from extended project duration, partially offset by an increase in the Water and Mineral Services operating group from increased revenue.

Specialty gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2021 remained relatively unchanged when compared to 2020 and increased by $27.1 million, or over 100%, for the six months ended June 30, 2021 primarily due to a decrease in the negative net impact from revisions in estimates in our Midwest operating group (see Note 4 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”).

Materials gross profit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $3.2 million, or 16.6%, and $5.0 million, or 26.0%, respectively, when compared to 2020 due to an increase in volume in both asphalt and aggregates.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The following table presents the components of selling, general and administrative expenses for the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2020			2021			2020
Selling
Salaries and related expenses	$	16,925		$	17,351		$	34,641		$	33,917
Restricted stock unit amortization		347			306			1,026			738
Other selling expenses		706			1,861			2,249			6,571
Total selling		17,978			19,518			37,916			41,226
General and administrative
Salaries and related expenses		28,133			26,779			57,513			54,914
Restricted stock unit amortization		995			703			2,331			2,122
Other general and administrative expenses		26,963			31,023			52,037			52,977
Total general and administrative		56,091			58,505			111,881			110,013
Total selling, general and administrative	$	74,069		$	78,023		$	149,797		$	151,239
Percent of revenue		7.7	%		8.5	%		9.2	%		9.7	%

Selling Expenses

Selling expenses include the costs for estimating and bidding including customer reimbursements for portions of our selling/bid submission expenses (i.e. stipends), business development and materials facility permits. Selling expenses can vary depending on the volume of projects in process and the number of employees assigned to estimating and bidding activities. As projects are completed or the volume of work slows down, we temporarily redeploy project employees to bid on new projects, moving their salaries and related costs from cost of revenue to selling expenses. Selling expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 decreased by $1.5 million, or 7.9%, and $3.3 million, or 8.0%, respectively, when compared to 2020 due to decreases in other selling expenses from reduced estimating and bidding costs.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses include costs related to our operational offices that are not allocated to direct contract costs and expenses related to our corporate functions. Other general and administrative expenses include travel and entertainment, outside services, information technology, depreciation, occupancy, training, office supplies, changes in the fair market value of our Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation plan liability and other miscellaneous expenses. General and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 remained relatively unchanged when compared to the same periods in 2020.

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Gain on Sales of Property and Equipment, net

The following table presents the gain on sales of property and equipment, net for the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2020						2020
Gain on sales of property and equipment, net	$	(31,636	)	$	(1,190	)	$	(34,190	)	$	(1,813	)

Gain on sales of property and equipment, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 increased by $30.4 million, or over 100%, and $32.4 million, or over 100%, respectively, when compared to 2020 due to the sale of two properties in California on June 30, 2021, as part of our ongoing asset optimization plan. See Note 12 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for more information.

Income Taxes

The following table presents the provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2020			2021			2020
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	15,619		$	(1,782	)	$	(6,836	)	$	(16,492	)
Effective tax rate		21.9	%		64.7	%		41.7	%		18.3	%

We calculate our income tax provision at the end of each interim period by estimating our annual effective tax rate and applying that rate to our income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes. The effect of changes in enacted tax laws, tax rates or tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs. See Note 15 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for more information.

Certain Legal Proceedings

As discussed in Note 16 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” under certain circumstances the resolution of certain legal proceedings to which we are subject could have direct or indirect consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and/or liquidity.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, available borrowing capacity and cash generated from operations. We may also from time to time access our revolving credit facility, issue and sell equity, debt or hybrid securities or engage in other capital markets transactions. As of June 30, 2021, our cash and cash equivalents consisted of deposits and money market funds held with established national financial institutions and our marketable securities consisted of U.S. Government and agency obligations. Our credit facility consists of a term loan and a revolving credit facility. Of the $275.0 million revolving credit facility capacity, $226.6 million was available for borrowing at June 30, 2021. See Note 13 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for further discussion regarding our credit facility.

Our principal uses of liquidity are paying the costs and expenses associated with our operations, servicing outstanding indebtedness, making capital expenditures and paying dividends on our capital stock. We may also from time to time prepay or repurchase outstanding indebtedness and acquire assets or businesses that are complementary to our operations. We believe cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, available borrowing capacity and cash expected to be generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our expected operating requirements, including the payment expected to be made to settle our securities litigation, which remains subject to court approval, as discussed in Note 16 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”, for the next twelve months from the date of this filing. There can be no assurance that sufficient capital will continue to be available in the future or that it will be available on terms acceptable to us.

In evaluating our liquidity position and needs, we consider cash and cash equivalents held by our consolidated construction joint ventures (“CCJVs”). The following table presents our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, including amounts from our CCJVs, as of the respective dates:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		June 30, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents excluding CCJVs	$	285,327	$	361,317	$	195,422
CCJV cash and cash equivalents (1)		107,854		74,819		93,500
Total consolidated cash and cash equivalents		393,181		436,136		288,922
Short-term and long-term marketable securities (2)		10,850		5,200		5,896
Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	404,031	$	441,336	$	294,818

(1) The volume and stage of completion of contracts from our CCJVs may cause fluctuations in joint venture cash and cash equivalents between periods. The assets of each consolidated and unconsolidated construction joint venture relate solely to that joint venture. The decision to distribute joint venture assets must generally be made jointly by a majority of the members and, accordingly, these assets, including those associated with estimated cost recovery of customer affirmative claims and back charge claims, are generally not available for the working capital needs of Granite until distributed.
(2) All marketable securities were classified as held-to-maturity and consisted of U.S. and agency obligations as of all periods presented.

Granite’s portion of CCJV cash and cash equivalents was $62.3 million, $42.6 million and $55.1 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, respectively. Excluded from the table above is Granite’s portion of unconsolidated construction joint venture cash and cash equivalents of $47.5 million, $58.9 million and $65.6 million as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, respectively.

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Cash Flows

	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	(31,004	)	$	12,483
Investing activities		1,661			(21,407	)
Financing activities		(13,612	)		31,250

Operating activities

As a large infrastructure contractor and construction materials producer, our revenue, gross profit and the resulting operating cash flows can differ significantly from period to period due to a variety of factors, including seasonal cycles, our projects’ progressions toward completion, outstanding contract change orders and affirmative claims, and the payment terms of our contracts. Additionally, operating cash flows are impacted by the timing related to funding construction joint ventures and the resolution of uncertainties inherent in the complex nature of the work that we perform, including claim and back charge settlements. Our working capital assets result from both public and private sector projects. Customers in the private sector can be slower paying than those in the public sector; however, private sector projects generally have higher gross profit as a percentage of revenue. While we typically invoice our customers on a monthly basis, our contracts frequently provide for retention that is a specified percentage withheld from each payment by our customers until the contract is completed and the work accepted by the customer which can cause fluctuations in operating cash flows.

Cash used in operating activities of $ 31.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 represents a $ 43.5 million decrease when compared to cash provided by operating activities in the same period of 2020. The change was primarily due to a $41.0 million decrease in cash provided by net loss after adjusting for non-cash items, a $ 45.1 million increase in cash used in working capital and a $23.5 million increase in contributions, net of distributions, to unconsolidated joint ventures and affiliates. The increase in cash used in working capital was primarily due to increased activity from CCJVs, partially offset by a decrease in cash used by accounts payable from payment timing differences.

Related to the securities litigation settlement, which remains subject to court approval, discussed in Note 16 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” we have separately presented the $129.0 million liability and the associated $63.0 million insurance receivable in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, there was no impact on operating cash flow as both are expected to settle during the second half of 2021, subject to court approval.

Investing activities

Cash provided by investing activities of $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 represents a $23.1 million increase when compared to 2020 primarily from the sale of two properties in California. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in proceeds from maturities and called marketable securities.

Financing activities

Cash used in financing activities of $13.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 represents a $44.9 million decrease when compared to 2020 primarily due to a decrease in debt proceeds, partially offset by an increase in contributions from non-controlling partners, net of distributions.

Capital Expenditures

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, we had capital expenditures of $46.4 million compared to $52.2 million during 2020. Major capital expenditures are typically for aggregate and asphalt production facilities, aggregate reserves, construction equipment, buildings and leasehold improvements and investments in our information technology systems. The timing and amount of such expenditures can vary based on the progress of planned capital projects, the type and size of construction projects, changes in business outlook and other factors. We currently anticipate 2021 capital expenditures to be $100.2 million for the full year.

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Derivatives

We recognize interest rate and commodity swap derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value using Level 2 inputs in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 9 to “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information. The hedge option and warrant derivative transactions related to the 2.75% Convertible Notes were recorded to equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheets based on the cash proceeds.

Surety Bonds and Real Estate Mortgages

We are generally required to provide various types of surety bonds that provide an additional measure of security under certain public and private sector contracts. At June 30, 2021, approximately $3.0 billion of our CAP was bonded. Performance bonds do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are generally released from the bonds after the owner accepts the work performed under contract. The ability to maintain bonding capacity to support our current and future level of contracting requires that we maintain cash and working capital balances satisfactory to our sureties.

Our investments in real estate affiliates are subject to mortgage indebtedness. This indebtedness is non-recourse to Granite but is recourse to the real estate entities. The terms of this indebtedness are typically renegotiated to reflect the evolving nature of the real estate projects as they progress through acquisition, entitlement and development. Modification of these terms may include changes in loan-to-value ratios requiring the real estate entity to repay portions of the debt. Our unconsolidated investments in our foreign affiliates are subject to local bank debt primarily for equipment purchases and working capital. This debt is non-recourse to Granite, but it is recourse to the affiliates. The debt associated with our unconsolidated non-construction entities is included in Note 11 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Covenants and Events of Default

Our Credit Agreement requires us to comply with various affirmative, restrictive and financial covenants, including the financial covenants described below. Our failure to comply with these covenants would constitute an event of default under the Credit Agreement. Additionally, our failure to pay principal, interest or other amounts when due or within the relevant grace period on our 2.75% Convertible Notes or our Credit Agreement would constitute an event of default under the indenture governing our 2.75% Convertible Notes or the Credit Agreement. A default under our Credit Agreement could result in (i) us no longer being entitled to borrow under such facility; (ii) termination of such facility; (iii) the requirement that any letters of credit under such facility be cash collateralized; (iv) acceleration of amounts owed under the Credit Agreement; and/or (v) foreclosure on any lien securing the obligations under such facility. A default under the indenture governing our 2.75% Convertible Notes could result in acceleration of the maturity of the notes.

The most significant financial covenants under the terms of our Credit Agreement require the maintenance of a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio and a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio. As of June 30, 2021, the Consolidated Leverage Ratio was 1.69, which did not exceed the maximum of 3.00. Our Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio was 8.26, which exceeded the minimum of 4.00.

Share Repurchase Program

As announced on April 29, 2016, on April 7, 2016, the Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $200.0 million of our common stock at management’s discretion. As part of this authorization we have established a plan to facilitate common stock repurchases. As of June 30, 2021, $157.2 million of the authorization remained available. The specific timing and amount of any future repurchases will vary based on market conditions, securities law limitations and other factors.

Website Access

Our website address is www.graniteconstruction.com. On our website we make available, free of charge, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The information on our website is not incorporated into, and is not part of, this report. These reports, and any amendments to them, are also available at the website of the SEC, www.sec.gov.

Item 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There has been no material change in our exposure to market risk from what was previously disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as required by paragraph (b) of Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Exchange Act, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this report due to material weaknesses previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (the “material weaknesses”). In light of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we performed additional analysis and other procedures to validate that our financial information contained in this Form 10-Q was prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Following such additional analysis and procedures, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has concluded that our financial statements state fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of our operations and our cash flows for the periods presented in this Form 10-Q, in conformity with U.S. GAAP.

Remediation Plan and Status

As disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, Company management, with the assistance of outside consultants, began reviewing and revising our internal control over financial reporting in 2020 in response to the material weaknesses identified in connection with the Audit/Compliance Committee’s independent Investigation. Management has evaluated the impact of the material weaknesses and has developed and implemented a plan to remediate the control deficiencies that contributed to the material weaknesses. To date, we have taken the following actions to remediate the material weaknesses:

	●	we implemented oversight, training and communication programs to reinforce: (1) our ethical standards and Code of Conduct across the Company, which emphasized, among other things, the purpose and availability of the anonymous whistleblower hotline, (2) the responsibilities and obligations of public company officers, (3) our cost forecasting processes and policies, including proper and contemporaneous documentation to support cost forecast adjustments, (4) the principles and requirements of each cost forecasting control and (5) reporting communication protocols for internal audit reports;
	●	we implemented additional internal controls related to cost forecasts including reviews from individuals who are independent of the operating group; and
	●	we took appropriate personnel actions, including separations, dismissals and changes in leadership and/or responsibilities and implemented other organizational changes, including changes in reporting structures.

We will continue to execute and monitor the newly implemented programs, processes and controls that were implemented as part of our remediation plan. However, the material weaknesses described in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K will not be considered remediated until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. Additionally, we may take additional measures to address the control deficiencies or modify the remediation plan described above.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Except for the changes implemented as part of our remediation plan discussed above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The description of the matters set forth in Part I, Item I of this Report under Note 16 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.

Item 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The following table sets forth information regarding the repurchase of shares of our common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2021:

Period	Total number of shares purchased (1)		Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs		Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (2)
April 1, 2021 through April 30, 2021		—	$	—		—	$	157,165,044
May 1, 2021 through May 31, 2021		375	$	41.72		—	$	157,165,044
June 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021		4,607	$	46.23		—	$	157,165,044
		4,982	$	45.89		—

(1) On June 2, 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, which replaced the Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. The number of shares purchased is in connection with employee tax withholding for restricted stock units vested under our 2012 and 2021 Equity Incentive Plans.
(2) As announced on April 29, 2016, on April 7, 2016, the Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $200.0 million of our common stock at management’s discretion. As part of this authorization we have established a share repurchase program to facilitate common stock repurchases. We did not purchase shares under the share repurchase plan in any of the periods presented. The specific timing and amount of any future repurchases will vary based on market conditions, securities law limitations and other factors.

Item 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Item 6.

EXHIBITS

10.1	*	Stipulation and Agreement of Settlement, dated as of April 29, 2021 [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2021]
10.2	*	Granite Construction Incorporated 2021 Equity Incentive Plan [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2021]
10.3	*	Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2021]
10.4	*	Form of Employee Service Award Restricted Stock Unit Agreement [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2021]
10.5	*	Form of Employee TSR Award Restricted Stock Unit Agreement [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 4, 2021]
31.1	†	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	†	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32	††	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
95	†	Mine Safety Disclosure
101.INS	†	Inline XBRL Instance Document (The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document)
101.SCH	†	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	†	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	†	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB	†	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE	†	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104	†	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

		*		Incorporated by reference
		†		Filed herewith
		††		Furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

			GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

Date:	July 29, 2021	By:	/s/ Elizabeth L. Curtis
			Elizabeth L. Curtis
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)