HEALTHCARE SERVICES GROUP INC - Annual Report: 2009 (Form 10-K)

 

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 10-K

 

 

Commission file number. 0-12015

 

 

HEALTHCARE SERVICES GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(215) 639-4274

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the 1934 Act:

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES þ  NO o

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES o  NO o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES þ  NO o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES o  NO þ

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock (Common Stock, $.01 par value) held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of the close of business on June 30, 2009 was approximately $720,000,000 based on closing sale price of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ National Global Select on that date. The Registrant does not have any non-voting common equity.

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock (Common Stock, $.01 par value) as of the latest practicable date (February 15, 2010). 40,600,000

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 25, 2010 have been incorporated by reference into Parts II and III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

Part I

 

References made herein to “we,” “our,” “us”, or “the Company” include Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries Huntingdon Holdings, Inc. and HCSG Supply, Inc. (which was sold on March 1, 2009).

 

Item I.  Business.

 

 

The Company is a Pennsylvania corporation, incorporated on November 22, 1976. We provide housekeeping, laundry, linen, facility maintenance and dietary services to the health care industry, including nursing homes, retirement complexes, rehabilitation centers and hospitals located throughout the United States. Based on the nature and similarities of the services provided, our business operations consist of two business segments (Housekeeping and Dietary, previously reported as Food). We believe that we are the largest provider of our services to the long-term care industry in the United States, rendering such services to approximately 2,300 facilities in 47 states as of December 31, 2009. We provide our Housekeeping services to essentially all the approximately 2,300 facilities and provide Dietary services to approximately 350 of such facilities. Although we do not directly participate in any government reimbursement programs, our clients’ reimbursements are subject to government regulation. Therefore, they are directly affected by any legislation relating to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement programs.

 

On April 30, 2009, we executed an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire essentially all of the assets of Contract Environmental Services, Inc. (“CES”), a South Carolina based corporation which is a provider of professional housekeeping, laundry and dietary services to long-term care and related facilities. We believe the acquisition of CES expands and compliments our position of being the largest provider of such services to long-term care and related facilities in the United States.

 

As of December 31, 2009, we operate a wholly-owned subsidiary, Huntingdon Holdings, Inc. (“Huntingdon”). Huntingdon invests our cash and cash equivalents as well as managing our portfolio of marketable securities. On March 1, 2009, we sold our wholly-owned subsidiary HCSG Supply, Inc. (“Supply”) for approximately $1,100,000, financed principally through our acceptance of a secured promissory note which is recorded in our notes receivable in the accompanying December 31, 2009 balance sheet.

 

 

The information called for herein is discussed below in Description of Services, and within Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

 

General

 

We provide management, administrative and operating expertise and services to the housekeeping, laundry, linen, facility maintenance and dietary service departments of the health care industry.

 

We are organized into, and provide our services through two reportable segments; housekeeping, laundry, linen and other services (“Housekeeping”), and dietary services (“Dietary”).

Housekeeping consists primarily of the cleaning, disinfecting and sanitizing of patient rooms and common areas of a client’s facility, as well as the laundering and processing of the personal clothing belonging to the facility’s patients. Also within the scope of this segment’s service is the laundering and processing of the bed linens, uniforms and other assorted linen items utilized by a client facility.

 

Dietary consists primarily of providing dietician consulting professional services, the development of a menu that meets the patient’s dietary needs, and the purchasing and preparing of the food for delivery to the patients. We began the Dietary operations in 1997.

 

Both segments provide our services primarily pursuant to full service agreements with our clients. In such agreements, we are responsible for the management and hourly employees located at our clients’ facilities. We also provide services on the basis of a management-only agreement for a very limited number of housekeeping clients. Additionally, we also provide, individually or as a combination thereof, the specialized services of Dietary (dietary department management services, dietician consulting professional services and food supplies’ purchasing) on a stand-alone basis to certain clients. Our agreements with clients typically provide for a one year service term, cancelable by either party upon 30 to 90 days notice after the initial 90-day period.

 

Our labor force is interchangeable with respect to each of the services within Housekeeping. Our labor force with respect to Dietary is specific to it. There are many similarities in the nature of the services performed by each segment. However, there are some significant differences in the specialized expertise required of the professional management personnel responsible for delivering the services of the respective segments. We believe the services of each segment provide opportunity for growth.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2009, GGNSC Holdings LLC (doing business as Golden Horizons), our major client, accounted for approximately 12% of our total revenues. In 2009, we derived approximately 13% and 11% of Housekeeping and Dietary revenues, respectively, from such client. At December 31, 2009, amounts due from such client represented less than 1% of our accounts receivable balance. Although we expect to continue the relationship with this client, there can be no assurance thereof. The loss of such client, or a significant reduction in the revenues we receive from this client, would have a material adverse effect on the results of operations of our two operating segments. In addition, if such client changes its payment terms it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

 

An overview of each of our segments follows:

 

Housekeeping

 

Housekeeping services. Housekeeping services is our largest service sector, representing approximately 52% or $361,644,000 of consolidated revenues in 2009. This service involves cleaning, disinfecting and sanitizing resident areas in our clients’ facilities. In providing services to any given client facility, we typically hire and train the hourly employees employed by such facility prior to our engagement. We normally assign two on-site managers to each facility to supervise and train hourly personnel and coordinate housekeeping services with other facility support functions. Such management personnel also oversee the execution of a variety of quality and cost-control procedures including continuous training and employee evaluation and on-site testing for infection control. The on-site management team also assists the facility in complying with Federal, state and local regulations.

 

Laundry and linen services. Laundry and linen services represent approximately 24% or $168,877,000 of consolidated revenues in 2009. Laundry services involve the laundering and processing of the residents’ personal clothing. We provide laundry services to all of our housekeeping clients. Linen services involve providing, laundering and processing of the sheets, pillow cases, blankets, towels, uniforms and assorted linen items used by our clients’ facilities. At some facilities that utilize our laundry and linen services, we install our own equipment.

Such installation generally requires an initial capital outlay by us ranging from $5,000 to $150,000 depending on the size of the facility, installation and construction costs, and the amount of equipment required. We could incur relocation or other costs in the event of the cancellation of a linen service agreement where there was an investment by us in a corresponding laundry installation. The hiring, training and supervision of the hourly employees who perform laundry and linen services are similar to, and performed by the same management personnel who oversee the housekeeping services hourly employees located at the respective client facility. In some instances we own linen supplies utilized at our clients’ facilities and therefore, maintain a sufficient inventory of linen supplies to ensure their availability.

 

Maintenance and other services. Maintenance services consist of repair and maintenance of laundry equipment, plumbing and electrical systems, as well as carpentry and painting. This service sector’s total revenues of $2,136,000 represent less than 1% of consolidated revenues.

 

Laundry installation sales. We (as a distributor of laundry equipment) sell laundry installations to our clients which generally represent the construction and installation of a turn-key operation. We generally offer payment terms, ranging from 36 to 60 months. During the years 2007 through 2009, laundry installation sales were not material to our operating results as we prefer to own such laundry installations in connection with performance of our service agreements.

 

Housekeeping operating performance is significantly impacted by our management of our costs of labor. Such costs of labor account for approximately 80%, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, of operating costs incurred at a facility service location. Changes in; wage rates resulting from legislative or other actions, anticipated staffing levels, and other unforeseen variations in our use of labor at a client service location will result in volatility of these costs. Additionally, the costs of supplies consumed in performing Housekeeping services, including linen costs, are affected by product specific market conditions and therefore subject to price volatility. Generally, this volatility is influenced by factors outside of our control and is unpredictable. Where possible, we try to obtain fixed pricing from vendors for an extended period of time on certain supplies to mitigate such pricing volatility. Although we endeavor to pass on such increases in our costs of labor and supplies to our clients, the inability to attain, or delays in attaining, such increases may negatively impact Housekeeping’s profit margins.

 

Dietary

 

Dietary services. We began providing dietary services in 1997. Dietary services represented 23% or $159,767,000 of consolidated revenues in 2009. Dietary services consist of the development of a menu that meets the residents’ dietary needs, purchasing and preparing the food to assure that residents receive an appetizing meal, and participation in monitoring the residents’ on-going nutritional status through providing dietician consulting professional services. On-site management is responsible for all daily dietary department activities, with regular support being provided by a district manager specializing in dietary services, as well as a registered dietitian. We also offer consulting services to facilities to assist them in cost containment and improve their dietary department service operations.

 

Dietary operating performance, although to different extents, is also impacted by price volatility in costs of labor and costs of supplies resulting from similar factors discussed above in Housekeeping. The primary difference in impact on Dietary operations from price volatility in costs of labor and costs of food-related supplies is that such costs represent approximately 50% and 40%, respectively, of food costs, as a percentage of Dietary revenues compared to Housekeeping’s respective costs as a percentage of Housekeeping revenue noted in the above discussion.

Operational Management Structure

 

By applying our professional management techniques, we generally can contain or control certain housekeeping, laundry, linen, facility maintenance and dietary service costs on a continuing basis. We manage and provide our services through a network of management personnel, as illustrated below.

 

 

 

Each facility is managed by an on-site Facility Manager, an Assistant Facility Manager, and if necessary, additional supervisory personnel. Districts, typically consisting of eight to twelve facilities, are supported by a District Manager and a Training Manager. District Managers bear overall responsibility for the facilities within their districts. They are generally based in close proximity to each facility. These managers provide active support to clients in addition to the support provided by our on-site management team. Training Managers are responsible for the recruitment, training and development of Facility Managers. A division consists of a number of regions within a specific geographical area. Divisional Vice Presidents manage each division. At December 31, 2009 we maintained 48 regions within seven divisions. Each region is headed by a Regional Vice President/Manager. Some regions also have a Regional Director who assumes primary responsibility for marketing our services within the respective region. Regional Vice Presidents/Managers and Regional Directors provide management support to a number of districts within a specific geographical area. Regional Vice Presidents/Managers and Regional Directors report to Divisional Vice Presidents who in turn report to the Senior Vice Presidents. We believe that our divisional, regional and district organizational structure facilitates our ability to best serve, and/or sell additional services to, our existing clients, as well as obtain new clients.

 

Market

 

The market for our services consists of a large number of facilities involved in various aspects of the health care industry, including nursing homes, retirement complexes, rehabilitation centers and hospitals. Such facilities may be specialized or general, privately owned or public, profit or not-for-profit, and may serve patients on a long-term

or short-term basis. The market for our services is expected to continue to grow as the elderly population increases as a percentage of the United States population and as government reimbursement policies require increased cost control or containment by the constituents that comprise our targeted market.

 

The American Health Care Association estimates that there are approximately 16,300 nursing homes in the United States with about 1.78 million beds and 1.45 million residents. The facilities primarily range in size from small private facilities with 65 beds to facilities with over 500 beds. We generally market our services to facilities with 100 or more beds. We believe that approximately 15% of our target market, long-term care facilities, currently use outside providers of housekeeping and laundry services.

 

Marketing and Sales

 

Our services are marketed at four levels of our organization: at the corporate level by the Chief Executive Officer, President and the Senior Vice Presidents; at the divisional level by Divisional Vice Presidents; at the regional level by the Regional Vice Presidents/Managers and Regional Directors; and at the district level by District Managers. We provide incentive compensation to our operational personnel based on achieving financial and non-financial goals and objectives which are aligned with the key elements the Company believes are necessary for it to achieve overall improvement in its financial results and increase business development. Regional Directors receive incentive compensation based on achieving budgeted earnings and new business revenues.

 

Our services are marketed primarily through referrals and in-person solicitation of target facilities. We also utilize direct mail campaigns and participate in industry trade shows, health care trade associations and healthcare support services seminars that are offered in conjunction with state or local health authorities in many of the states in which we conduct our business. Our programs have been approved for continuing education credits by state nursing home licensing boards in certain states, and are typically attended by facility owners, administrators and supervisory personnel, thus presenting marketing opportunities for us. Indications of interest in our services arising from initial marketing efforts are followed up with a presentation regarding our services and a survey of the service requirements of the facility. Thereafter, a formal proposal, including operational recommendations and recommendations for proposed savings, is submitted to the prospective client. Once the prospective client accepts the proposal and signs the service agreement, we can set up our operations on-site within days.

 

Government Regulation of Clients

 

Our clients are subject to government regulation. Congress has enacted a number of major laws during the past years that have significantly altered government reimbursement for nursing home services, including the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (“BBA”), the Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 (“BIPA”), and the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (“DRA”).

 

As a result of the BBA’s repeal of the “Boren Amendment” federal payment standard for Medicaid payments to nursing facilities, there is ongoing risk that budget constraints or other factors will cause states to reduce Medicaid reimbursements to nursing homes or fail to make payments to nursing homes on a timely basis. BIPA enacted a multi-year phase-out of certain governmental transfers that had boosted Medicaid payment rates, and these reduced federal payments have impacted the aggregate funds available to our clients.

 

The DRA’s stated goal of reducing federal Medicaid spending by $6.9 billion over five years has financial implications for nursing homes, as do the incentives it put in place for the use of community-based services, since increased use of home and community-based services and the corollary rebalancing of long term care funding towards a more non-institutional approach will likely put downward pressure on nursing home rate increases. In addition, changes to Medicaid asset transfer rules made in the DRA could exacerbate the nursing home Medicaid

under-funding problem by increasing the incidence of uncompensated care. Most recently, there is significant federal pressure to reduce the maximum provider tax that states have been increasingly relying on to fund nursing home reimbursement.

 

Although all of these laws directly affect how clients are paid for certain services, we do not directly participate in any government reimbursement programs. Accordingly, all of our contractual relationships with our clients continue to determine the clients’ payment obligations to us. However, because clients’ revenues are generally highly reliant on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates, the overall effect of these laws and trends in the long term care industry have affected and could adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us on agreed upon payment terms. (See “Liquidity and Capital Resources”).

 

The prospects for legislative action, both on the Federal and State level (particularly in light of current economic environment affecting government budgets), regarding funding for nursing homes are uncertain. We are unable to predict or to estimate the ultimate impact of any further changes in reimbursement programs affecting our clients’ future results of operations and/or their impact on our cash flows and operations.

 

Service Agreements/Collections

 

We provide our services primarily pursuant to full service agreements with our clients. In such agreements, we are responsible for our management and hourly employees located at clients’ facilities. We provide services on the basis of a management agreement for a very limited number of housekeeping clients. In such agreements, our services are comprised of providing on-site management personnel, while the hourly and staff personnel remain employees of the respective client. Additionally, we also provide, individually or as a combination thereof, the specialized services of Dietary (dietary department management services, dietician consulting professional services and food supplies’ purchasing) on a stand-alone basis to certain clients.

 

We typically adopt and follow the client’s employee wage structure, including its policy of wage rate increases, and pass through to the client any labor cost increases associated with wage rate adjustments. Under a management agreement, we provide management and supervisory services while the client facility retains payroll responsibility for its hourly employees. Substantially all of our agreements are full service agreements. These agreements typically provide for a one year term, cancelable by either party upon 30 to 90 days’ notice after the initial 90-day period. As of December 31, 2009, we provided services to approximately 2,300 client facilities.

 

Although the service agreements are cancelable on short notice, we have historically had a favorable client retention rate and expect to continue to maintain satisfactory relationships with our clients. The risk associated with short-term service agreements have not materially affected either our linen and laundry services, which may from time-to-time require a capital investment, or our laundry installation sales, which may require us to finance the sales price. Such risks are often mitigated by certain provisions set forth in the agreements entered into with our clients.

 

As a result of the current economic crisis, many states have significant budget deficits. State Medicaid programs are experiencing increased demand, and with lower revenues than projected, they have fewer resources to support their Medicaid programs. In addition, Federal health reform legislation has been proposed, that if enacted, would significantly expand state Medicaid programs. As a result, some state Medicaid programs are reconsidering previously approved increases in nursing home reimbursement or are considering delaying those increases. A few states have indicated it is possible they will run out of cash to pay Medicaid providers, including nursing homes. Any of these changes would adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us as agreed upon.

 

In 2009, Federal economic stimulus legislation was enacted to counter the impact of the economic crisis on state budgets. The legislation includes the temporary provision of additional federal matching funds to help states

maintain their Medicaid programs. It is uncertain whether additional federal funding will be provided in the future or if it will be provided in the form of matching funds. In addition, certain states have proposed legislation to provide additional funding for nursing home providers. Even if federal or state legislation is enacted that provides additional funding to Medicaid providers, given the volatility of the economic environment, it is difficult to predict the impact of this legislation on our clients’ liquidity and their ability to make payments to us as agreed.

 

We have had varying collection experience with respect to our accounts and notes receivable. When contractual terms are not met, we generally encounter difficulty in collecting amounts due from certain of our clients. Therefore, we have sometimes been required to extend the period of payment for certain clients beyond contractual terms. These clients include those who have terminated service agreements and slow payers experiencing financial difficulties. In order to provide for these collection problems and the general risk associated with the granting of credit terms, we have recorded bad debt provisions (in an Allowance for Doubtful Accounts) of $2,404,000, $4,234,000 and $6,142,000 in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively (See Schedule II-Valuation and Qualifying Accounts, for year-end balances). These provisions represent .3%, .7% and 1.1%, as a percentage of total revenues, for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. In making our credit evaluations, in addition to analyzing and anticipating, where possible, the specific cases described above, we consider the general collection risk associated with trends in the long-term care industry. We also establish credit limits, perform ongoing credit evaluation and monitor accounts to minimize the risk of loss. Notwithstanding our efforts to minimize credit risk exposure, our clients could be adversely affected if future industry trends change in such a manner as to negatively impact their cash flows, as discussed in “Government Regulation of Clients” and “Risk Factors” of this report. If our clients experience a negative impact in their cash flows, it would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

Competition

 

We compete primarily with the in-house support service departments of our potential clients. Most healthcare facilities perform their own support service functions without relying upon outside management firms. In addition, a number of local firms compete with us in the regional markets in which we conduct business. Several national service firms are larger and have greater financial and marketing resources than us, although historically, such firms have concentrated their marketing efforts on hospitals rather than the long-term care facilities typically serviced by us. Although the competition to provide service to health care facilities is strong, we believe that we compete effectively for new agreements, as well as renewals of existing agreements, based upon the quality and dependability of our services and the cost savings we believe we can usually implement for existing and new clients.

 

Employees

 

At December 31, 2009, we employed approximately 4,900 management, office support and supervisory personnel. Of these employees, 370 held executive, regional/district management and office support positions, and 4,530 of these employees were on-site management personnel. On such date, we employed approximately 22,300 hourly employees. Many of our hourly employees were previously support employees of our clients. We manage, for a limited number of our client facilities, the hourly employees who remain employed by those clients.

 

Approximately 13% of our hourly employees are unionized. The majority of these employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements that are negotiated by individual client facilities and are assented to by us, so as to bind us as an “employer” under the agreements. We may be adversely affected by relations between our client facilities and the employee unions. We are also a direct party to negotiated collective bargaining agreements covering a limited number of employees at a few facilities serviced by us. We believe our employee relations are satisfactory.

 

Our Housekeeping segment provides services in Canada, although essentially all of its revenues and net income, 99% in each category, are earned in one geographic area, the United States. The Dietary segment only provides services in the United States.

 

 

Healthcare Services Group, Inc. is a reporting company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and files reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission” or “SEC”). The public may read and copy any of our filings at the Commissioner’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. Additionally, because we make filings to the Commission electronically, you may access this information at the Commission’s internet site: www.sec.gov. This site contains reports, proxies and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission.

 

Website Access

 

Our website address is www.hcsgcorp.com. Our filings with the Commission, as well as other pertinent financial and Company information are available at no cost on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after the filing of such reports with the Commission.

 

Item 1A.  Risk Factors.

 

We make forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in this report and documents incorporated by reference into this report, other public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and in our press releases. Such forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and industry, our beliefs and assumptions. Generally they may include statements on: projections of revenues, net income, earnings per share, cash flows and other financial data. Additionally, we may make forward-looking statements relating to business objectives of management and evaluations of the market we serve. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or objectives to differ materially from those projected. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us that any of our plans will be achieved. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

We have described below what we believe are our most significant risk factors, which may be beyond our control and could cause results to differ significantly from our projections.

 

We have one client, a nursing home chain, which due to its significant contribution to our total revenues, we consider a major client.

 

Golden Horizons, our major client, accounted for 12% of our 2009 total consolidated revenues, consisting of 13% and 11% of our Housekeeping and Dietary revenues, respectively. At December 31, 2009, amounts due from such client represented less than 1% of our accounts receivable balance. Although we expect to continue the relationship with this client, there can be no assurance thereof. The loss of such client, or a significant reduction in the revenues we receive from such client, would have a material adverse effect on the results of operations of our two operating

segments. In addition, if such client changes its payment terms it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

 

Although we expect our acquisition of Contract Environmental Services, Inc. will result in benefits to our Company, those benefits may not occur, or may be delayed, because of integration and other challenges associated with the acquisition.

 

On April 30, 2009, we executed an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire essentially all of the assets of Contract Environmental Services, Inc. (“CES”), a South Carolina based corporation which is a provider of professional housekeeping, laundry and dietary department services to long-term care and related facilities. Achieving the benefits we expect from the acquisition of CES depends in part on our ability to integrate CES and our operations and personnel in a timely and efficient manner. Although much of this integration has already occurred, there remain aspects of the integration, known and unknown, which will take time to fully accomplish. Such integration challenges include, but are not limited to:

 

Our clients are concentrated in the health care industry which is currently undergoing considerable legislative proposals to reform it.

 

We provide our services primarily to providers of long-term care. The U.S. Congress is considering legislation to reform healthcare in the United States which could significantly impact our clients. Although certain proposals have received various levels of legislative support, the key issues remain unresolved. We cannot predict what efforts, and to what extent, Congress’ proposals to contain healthcare costs will ultimately impact our clients’ revenues through government reimbursements. Whereas Congress has enacted a number of major laws during the past decade that have significantly altered, or may alter, overall government reimbursement for nursing home services. Because our clients’ revenues are generally highly reliant on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates and mechanisms, the overall effect of these laws and trends in the long term care industry have affected and could adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us on agreed upon payment terms. These factors, in addition to delays in payments from clients have resulted in, and could continue to result in, significant additional bad debts in the future.

 

We have clients located in many states which have had and may continue to experience significant budget deficits and such deficits may result in reduction of reimbursements to nursing homes.

 

Many states, in which our clients are located, have significant budget deficits as a result of lower than projected revenue collections and increased demand for the funding of entitlements. As a result of these and other adverse economic factors, state Medicaid programs are reconsidering previously approved increases in nursing home reimbursement or are considering delaying those increases. Some states have over the past year indicated it is possible they may be unable to make entitlement payments, including Medicaid payments to nursing homes. Any disruption or delay in the distribution of Medicaid and related payments to our clients will adversely affect their liquidity and impact their ability to pay us as agreed upon for the services provided.

We have a Paid Loss Retrospective Insurance Plan for general liability and workers’ compensation insurance.

 

Under our insurance plans for general liability and workers’ compensation, predetermined loss limits are arranged with our insurance company to limit both our per occurrence cash outlay and annual insurance plan cost. We regularly evaluate our claims pay-out experience, present value factor and other factors related to the nature of specific claims in arriving at the basis for our accrued insurance claims estimate. Our evaluation is based primarily on current information derived from reviewing our claims experience and industry trends. In the event that our claims experience and/or industry trends result in an unfavorable change, it would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

We provide services in 47 states and are subject to numerous local taxing jurisdictions within those states.

 

The taxability of our services is subject to various interpretations within the taxing jurisdictions of our markets. Consequently, in the ordinary course of business, a jurisdiction may contest our reporting positions with respect to the application of its tax code to our services. A jurisdiction’s conflicting position on the taxability of our services could result in additional tax liabilities which we may not be able to pass on to our clients or could negatively impact our competitive position in the respective location. Additionally, if we or one of our employees fail to comply with applicable tax laws and regulations we could suffer civil or criminal penalties in addition to the delinquent tax assessment.

 

Our business and financial results could be adversely affected by unfavorable results of material litigation or governmental inquiries.

 

We may from time to time become the subject in the ordinary course of business to material legal action related to, among other things, general liability, payroll or employee-related matters, as well as inquiries from governmental agencies. Legal actions could result in substantial monetary damages as well as adversely effecting our reputation and business status with our clients. As a result of the risks and consequences of legal actions, our results of operations and financial position could be adversely effected.

 

We primarily provide our services pursuant to agreements which have a one year term, cancelable by either party upon 30 to 90 days’ notice after the initial 90-day service agreement period.

 

We do not enter into long-term contractual agreements with our clients for the rendering of our services. Consequently, our clients can unilaterally decrease the amount of services we provide or terminate all services pursuant to the terms of our service agreements. Any loss of a significant number of clients during the first year of providing services, for which we have incurred significant start-up costs or invested in an equipment installation, could in the aggregate materially adversely affect our consolidated results of operations and financial position.

 

We are dependent on the management experience of our key personnel.

 

We manage and provide our services through a network of management personnel, from the on-site facility manager up to the executive officers of our Company. Therefore, we believe that our ability to recruit and sustain the internal development of managerial personnel is an important factor impacting future operating results and our ability to successfully execute projected growth strategies. Our professional management personnel are the key personnel in maintaining and selling additional services to current clients and obtaining new clients.

We may be adversely affected by inflationary or market fluctuations in the cost of products consumed in providing our services or our cost of labor.

 

The prices we pay for the principal items we consume in performing our services are dependent primarily on current market prices. Additionally, our cost of labor may be influenced by unanticipated factors in certain market areas or increases in collective bargaining agreements of our clients, to which we assent. Although we endeavor to pass on such increased costs to our clients, any inability or delay in passing on such increases in costs could negatively impact our profitability.

 

Our investments represent a significant amount of our assets that may be subject to fluctuating and even negative returns depending upon interest rate movements and financial market conditions.

 

Although management believes we have a very prudent and responsible investment policy, we are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates and in the market values of our investment portfolio which could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Market expectations are high and rely greatly on execution of our growth strategy and related increases in financial performance.

 

Management believes the historical price increases of our Common Stock reflect high market expectations for our future operating results. In particular, our ability to attract new clients, through organic growth or acquisitions, has enabled us to execute our growth strategy and increase market share. If, in the event we are not able to continue historical client and revenue growth rates, our operating performance may be adversely affected. Any failure to meet the market’s high expectations for our revenue and operating results may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock.

 

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 2.  Properties.

 

We lease our corporate offices, located at 3220 Tillman Drive, Suite 300, Bensalem, Pennsylvania 19020. We also lease office space at other locations in Pennsylvania, Colorado, South Carolina, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, California, and New Jersey. These locations serve as divisional or regional offices providing management and administrative services to both of our operating segments in their respective geographical areas.

 

We are also provided with office and storage space at each of our client facilities.

 

Management does not foresee any difficulties with regard to the continued utilization of all of the aforementioned premises. We also believe that such properties are sufficient for our current operations.

 

We presently own laundry equipment, office furniture and equipment, housekeeping equipment and vehicles. Such office furniture and equipment, and vehicles are primarily located at our corporate office, warehouse, and divisional and regional offices. We have housekeeping equipment at all client facilities where we provide services under a full service housekeeping agreement. Generally, the aggregate cost of housekeeping equipment located at each client facility is less than $2,500. Additionally, we have laundry installations at approximately 70 client facilities. Our cost of such laundry installations ranges between $5,000 and $150,000. We believe that such laundry equipment, office furniture and equipment, housekeeping equipment and vehicles are sufficient for our current operations.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings.

 

As of December 31, 2009, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which we were a party, or as to which any of our property was subject, other than routine litigation, claims and/or proceedings believed to be adequately covered by insurance or which could be satisfied by us through monetary payments of non-material amounts.

 

Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

 

Not applicable.

Part II

 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 

 

Our common stock, $.01 par value (the “Common Stock”), is traded under the symbol “HCSG” on the NASDAQ National Global Select. On February 15, 2010, there were approximately 40,600,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding and held by non-affiliates.

 

The high and low sales price quotations for our Common Stock during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 ranged as follows:

 

 

 

 

We have been advised by our transfer agent, American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, that we had 780 holders of record of our Common Stock as of February 15, 2010. Based on reports of security position listings compiled for the 2009 annual meeting of shareholders, we believe we may have approximately 4,600 beneficial owners of our Common Stock.

 

 

We have paid regular quarterly cash dividends since the second quarter of 2003. During 2009, we paid regular quarterly cash dividends totaling approximately $32,246,000.

 

A summary of such 2009 cash dividend payments follows:

 

Additionally, on January 26, 2010, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $.21 per common share, which will be paid on March 5, 2010 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on February 12, 2010.

 

On July 17, 2007, our Board of Directors declared a three-for-two stock split in the form of a 50% common stock dividend which was paid on August 10, 2007 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 3, 2007. All fractional shares were rounded up. The effect of the stock dividend was to increase Common Shares outstanding by approximately 14,200,000 shares.

 

Our Board of Directors reviews our dividend policy on a quarterly basis. Although there can be no assurance that we will continue to pay dividends or as to the amount of the dividend, we expect to continue to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend. In connection with the establishment of our dividend policy, we adopted a Dividend Reinvestment Plan in 2003.

 

 

The following table sets forth for the Company’s equity compensation plans, on an aggregated basis, the number of shares of its Common Stock subject to outstanding options, the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, and the number of shares remaining available for future award grants as of December 31, 2009.

 

 

The graph below matches Healthcare Services Group, Inc.’s cumulative 5-year total shareholder return on common stock with the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 index and the S&P Health Care Distributors index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each of the indexes (with the reinvestment of all dividends) from 12/31/2004 to 12/31/2009.

 

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Healthcare Services Group, Inc., The S&P 500 Index
And The S&P Health Care Distributors Index

 

 

 

*$100 invested on 12/31/04 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.

Fiscal year ending December 31.

 

Copyright^© 2010 S&P, a division of The McGraw-Hill companies Inc. All rights reserved.

 

 

The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

 

 

The following selected condensed consolidated financial data has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, included elsewhere in this report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.

 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements

 

This report and documents incorporated by reference into this report contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), as amended, are not historical facts but rather based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and industry, our beliefs and assumptions. Words such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “plans”, “expects”, “will”, “goal”, and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us that any of our plans will be achieved. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Such forward looking information is also subject to various risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, risks arising from our providing services exclusively to the health care industry, primarily providers of long-term care; proposed legislation to reform the U.S. healthcare system in an effort to contain healthcare costs; credit and collection risks associated with this industry; one client accounting for approximately 12% of revenues in 2009-(see notes 1 and 12, “Major Client” in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); risks associated with our acquisition of Contract Environmental Services, Inc., including integration risks and costs, or such business not achieving expected financial results or synergies or failure to otherwise perform as expected; our claims experience related to workers’ compensation and general liability insurance; the effects of changes in, or interpretations of laws and regulations

governing the industry, including state and local regulations pertaining to the taxability of our services; and the risk factors described in Part I in this report under “Government Regulation of Clients”, “Competition”, “Service Agreements/Collections”, and under Item IA “Risk Factors”. Many of our clients’ revenues are highly contingent on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates, which Congress has affected through the enactment of a number of major laws during the past years. These laws have significantly altered, or threatened to alter, overall government reimbursement funding rates and mechanisms. In addition, the current economic crises could adversely affect such funding. The overall effect of these laws and trends in the long-term care industry have affected and could adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us on agreed upon payment terms. These factors, in addition to delays in payments from clients, have resulted in, and could continue to result in, significant additional bad debts in the near future. Additionally, our operating results would be adversely affected if unexpected increases in the costs of labor and labor related costs, materials, supplies and equipment used in performing services could not be passed on to our clients.

 

In addition, we believe that to improve our financial performance we must continue to obtain service agreements with new clients, provide new services to existing clients, achieve modest price increases on current service agreements with existing clients and maintain internal cost reduction strategies at our various operational levels. Furthermore, we believe that our ability to sustain the internal development of managerial personnel is an important factor impacting future operating results and successfully executing projected growth strategies.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following discussion is intended to provide the reader with information that will be helpful in understanding our financial statements including the changes in certain key items in comparing financial statements period to period. We also intend to provide the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as a summary of how certain accounting principles affect our financial statements. In addition, we are providing information about the financial results of our two operating segments to further assist in understanding how these segments and their results affect our consolidated results of operations. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and the year then ended and the notes accompanying those financial statements contained herein under Item 8.

 

As disclosed in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the CES acquisition was effective as of April 30, 2009. The CES results of operations, for the period May 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009 are included in our 2009 consolidated results of operations and financial information presented below. Such impact, when material and quantifiable, is discussed where we believe it would contribute to the reader’s understanding of our financial statements.

 

Overview

 

We provide housekeeping, laundry, linen, facility maintenance and dietary department services to the health care industry, including nursing homes, retirement complexes, rehabilitation centers and hospitals located throughout the United States. We believe that we are the largest provider of housekeeping and laundry services to the long-term care industry in the United States, rendering such services to approximately 2,300 facilities in 47 states as of December 31, 2009. Although we do not directly participate in any government reimbursement programs, our clients’ reimbursements are subject to government regulation. Therefore, they are directly affected by any legislation relating to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement programs.

 

We provide our services primarily pursuant to full service agreements with our clients. In such agreements, we are responsible for the management and hourly employees located at our clients’ facilities. We also provide services on the basis of a management-only agreement for a very limited number of housekeeping clients. Additionally, we also provide, individually or as a combination thereof, the specialized services of Dietary (dietary department management

services, dietician consulting professional services and food supplies’ purchasing) on a stand-alone basis to certain clients. Our agreements with clients typically provide for a one year service term, cancelable by either party upon 30 to 90 days notice after the initial 90-day period.

 

We are organized into two reportable segments; housekeeping, laundry, linen and other services (“Housekeeping”), and dietary department services (“Dietary”, previously reported as Food). At December 31, 2009, Housekeeping is being provided at essentially all of our approximately 2,300 client facilities, generating approximating 77% or $532,928,000 of 2009 total revenues. Dietary is being provided to approximately 350 client facilities at December 31, 2009 and contributed approximately 23% or $159,767,000 of 2009 total revenues.

 

Housekeeping consist primarily of the cleaning, disinfecting and sanitizing of patient rooms and common areas of a client’s facility, as well as the laundering and processing of the personal clothing belonging to the facility’s patients. Also within the scope of this segment’s service is the laundering and processing of the bed linens, uniforms and other assorted linen items utilized by a client facility.

 

Dietary consists of providing dietician consulting professional services, for the development of a menu that meets the patient’s dietary needs, and the purchasing and preparing of the food for delivery to the patients.

 

Our ability to acquire new clients and increase revenues is affected by many factors. Competitive factors consist primarily of competing with the potential client utilizing an in-house support staff to provide services similar to ours, as well as local companies which provide services similar to ours. We do not believe that there are any other companies, on a national or local level, which have a significant presence or impact on our procurement of new clients in our market. We believe the primary revenue drivers of our business are our ability to obtain new clients and to pass through, by means of service billing increases, increases in our cost of providing the services. In addition to the recoupment of costs increases, we endeavor to obtain modest annual revenue increases from our existing clients to preserve current profit margins at the facility level. The primary economic factor in acquiring new clients is our ability to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of our services. This is because many of our clients’ revenues are generally highly reliant on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates and mechanisms. Therefore, their economic decision-making process in engaging us is driven significantly by their reimbursement funding rate structure in relation to how their costs are currently being reimbursed and the financial impact on their reimbursement as a result of engaging us for the respective services. Another factor is our ability to demonstrate to potential clients the benefit of being relieved of the administrative and operational challenges related to the management of their current staffs who perform such services. In addition, we must be able to assure new clients that we will be able to improve the quality of service which they are providing to their patients and residents. We believe the factors discussed above are equally applicable to each of our segments with respect to acquiring new clients and increasing revenues.

 

Primarily, our costs of services provided can experience volatility and impact our operating performance in two key cost indicators. They are costs of labor, and costs of supplies, although the volatility of these costs impact each segment somewhat differently due to the respective costs as a percentage of that segment’s revenues. Housekeeping is more significantly impacted than Dietary as a consequence of our management of our costs of labor. Such costs of labor can account for approximately 80%, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues. Dietary costs of labor account for approximately 50%, as a percentage of Dietary revenues. Changes in wage rates as a result of legislative or collective bargaining actions, anticipated staffing levels, and other unforeseen variations in our use of labor at a client service location or in management labor costs will result in volatility of these costs. In contrast, supplies consumed in performing our services is more significant for Dietary, accounting for approximately 40%, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, of total operating costs incurred at a Dietary facility service location. Housekeeping supplies, including linen products, account for approximately 6%, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, of total operating costs incurred at a Housekeeping facility service location. Generally, the volatility of these expenses is influenced by factors

outside of our control and is unpredictable. This is because Housekeeping and Dietary supplies are principally commodity products and affected by market conditions specific to the respective products. Although we endeavor to pass on such increases in labor and supplies costs to our clients, the inability or delay in procuring service billing increases to reflect these additional costs would negatively impact our profit margins.

 

As a result of the current economic crisis, many states have significant budget deficits. State Medicaid programs are experiencing increased demand, and with lower revenues than projected, they have fewer resources to support their Medicaid programs. In addition, Federal “health reform” legislation has been proposed, that if enacted, would significantly expand state Medicaid programs. As a result, some state Medicaid programs are reconsidering previously approved increases in nursing home reimbursement or are considering delaying those increases. A few states have indicated it is possible they will run out of cash to pay Medicaid providers, including nursing homes. Any of these changes would adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us as agreed upon.

 

In 2009, Federal economic stimulus legislation was enacted to counter the impact of the economic crisis on state budgets. The legislation includes the temporary provision of additional federal matching funds to help states maintain their Medicaid programs. It is uncertain whether additional federal funding will be provided in the future or if it will be provided in the form of matching funds. In addition, certain states have proposed legislation to provide additional funding for nursing home providers. Even if federal or state legislation is enacted that provides additional funding to Medicaid providers, given the volatility of the economic environment, it is difficult to predict the impact of this legislation on our clients’ liquidity and their ability to make payments to us as agreed.

 

We currently operate one wholly-owned subsidiary, Huntingdon Holdings, Inc. (“Huntingdon”). Huntingdon invests our cash and cash equivalents, as well as managing our portfolio of available-for-sale marketable securities. On March 1, 2009, we sold our wholly-owned subsidiary HCSG Supply, Inc. (“Supply”) for approximately $1,100,000 financed principally through our acceptance of a secured promissory note which is recorded in our notes receivable in the accompanying December 31, 2009 balance sheet. As a result of the Supply sale, we recorded an immaterial gain in our 2009 consolidated statements of income.

 

Consolidated Operations

 

The following table sets forth, for the years indicated, the percentage which certain items bear to consolidated revenues:

 

Subject to the factors noted in the Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements included in this report, we anticipate, although there can be no assurance thereof, our financial performance in 2010 may be comparable to the 2009 percentages presented in the above table as they relate to consolidated revenues.

 

Housekeeping is our largest and core reportable segment, representing approximately 77% of 2009 consolidated revenues. Dietary revenues represented approximately 23% of 2009 consolidated revenues.

 

Although there can be no assurance thereof, we believe that in 2010 each of Housekeeping’s and Dietary’s revenues, as a percentage of consolidated revenues, will remain approximately the same as their respective 2009 percentages noted above. Furthermore, we expect the sources of growth in 2010 for the respective operating segments will be primarily the same as historically experienced. Accordingly, although there can be no assurance thereof, the growth in Dietary is expected to come from our current Housekeeping client base, while growth in Housekeeping will primarily come from obtaining new clients.

 

2009 Compared with 2008

 

The following table sets forth 2009 income statement key components that we use to evaluate our financial performance on a consolidated and reportable segment basis, as well as the percentage increases of each compared to 2008 amounts. The differences between the reportable segments’ operating results and other disclosed data and our consolidated financial statements relate primarily to corporate level transactions and recording of transactions at the reportable segment level which use methods other than generally accepted accounting principles.

 

 

Revenues

 

Consolidated

 

Consolidated revenues increased 14.9% to $692,695,000 in 2009 compared to $602,718,000 in 2008 as a result of the factors discussed below under Reportable Segments.

 

We have one client, a nursing home chain (“Major Client”), which in 2009 and 2008 accounted for 12% and 15%, respectively, of consolidated revenues. At both December 31, 2009 and 2008 amounts due from such client represented less than 1% of our accounts receivable balance. Although we expect to continue the relationship with this client, there can be no assurance thereof, and the loss of such client, or a significant reduction in the revenues we receive from this client, would have a material adverse effect on the results of operations of our two operating segments. In addition, if such client changes its payment terms it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

Reportable Segments

 

Housekeeping’s 9.0% net growth in reportable segment revenues resulted primarily from an increase in revenues attributable to service agreements entered into with new clients. CES accounted for approximately 3% of the increase in housekeeping segment revenue.

 

Dietary’s 38.5% net growth in reportable segment revenues is primarily a result of providing this service to an increasing number of existing Housekeeping clients. CES accounted for approximately 15% of the increase in Dietary segment revenue.

 

We derived 13% and 11%, respectively, of Housekeeping and Dietary’s 2009 revenues from our Major Client.

 

Costs of services provided

 

Consolidated

 

As a percentage of consolidated revenues, cost of services decreased slightly to 86.3% in 2009 compared to 86.5% in 2008. The following table provides a comparison of the primary cost of services provided-key indicators that we manage on a consolidated basis in evaluating our financial performance.

 

 

The decrease in bad debt provision is primarily a result of less expense recorded related to certain nursing homes filing for bankruptcy. In the period when a client files for bankruptcy, we record a bad debt provision based upon our initial estimate of ultimate collectability. We revise such provision as additional information is available which we believe enables us to have a more accurate estimate of the collectability of an account. Some of our clients may experience liquidity problems because of governmental funding or operational issues. Such liquidity problems may cause them to not pay us as agreed upon or necessitate them filing for bankruptcy protection. In the event of additional clients filing for bankruptcy protection, we would increase our bad debt provision during our reporting period of such filing. Therefore, if more clients file for bankruptcy protection or if we have to increase our current provision related to existing bankruptcies, our bad debt provision may increase from our last two years’ average of .5%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues.

 

The workers’ compensation and general liability insurance expense increase is primarily a result of unfavorable claims’ experience during the year.

 

Reportable Segments

 

Cost of services provided for Housekeeping, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, for 2009 decreased to 90.2% compared to 90.5% in 2008. Cost of services provided for Dietary, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, decreased for 2009 to 95.1% from 97.2% in 2008.

The following table provides a comparison of the primary cost of services provided-key indicators, as a percentage of the respective segment’s revenues that we manage on a reportable segment basis in evaluating our financial performance:

 

 

Housekeeping labor and other labor costs, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, remained essentially unchanged in comparison to the prior year. We can realize volatility in Housekeeping labor and other labor costs from time to time as a result of inefficient management of labor in respect to adhering to established labor and other labor costs benchmarks at various operational levels, or the timing of passing through to clients’ changes in wage rates as a result of legislative or collective bargaining actions. Although we believe these factors were controlled effectively in 2009 in comparison to 2008, ineffective control of these factors in the future would result in unfavorable volatility in our labor and other labor costs. Housekeeping supplies increased slightly in comparison to prior year. We do realize volatility in the costs of supplies utilized in providing our Housekeeping services but we were able to mitigate any vendor price increases thru efficiencies in managing such costs. Our supplies’ costs are impacted by commodity pricing factors, which in many cases are unpredictable and outside of our control. Although we endeavor to pass on to clients such increased costs, from time to time, sporadic unanticipated increases in the costs of certain supply items due to economic conditions may result in a timing delay in obtaining such increases from our clients. Additionally, if the increase is a result of a temporary market condition or change in availability of the specific commodity, and trends indicate it will not continue, we may not be able to pass such temporary increase on to our clients until the time of our next scheduled annual service billing review.

 

The decrease in Dietary labor and other labor costs, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, resulted primarily from efficiencies in managing these costs as compared to prior periods. Additionally, such costs, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, recognized a net favorable effect as a result of CES operations, realizing lower Dietary labor and other labor costs, as a percentage of its Dietary revenues, than historically realized by the Company. As noted above in the Housekeeping labor and other labor costs discussion, our ability to control volatility in labor and other labor costs is directly related to our efficient management of labor at the various Dietary operational levels in respect to established staffing benchmarks, as well as procuring on a timely basis increases from clients to reflect increased labor and other labor costs. We believe Dietary’s improvement in labor and other labor costs is a result of addressing such volatility factors effectively.

 

The slight decrease in Dietary supplies, as a percentage of Dietary segment revenues, is a result of better management of these supplies at the facility level and improved vendor prices resulting from increases in our purchasing volume of Dietary supplies. Dietary supplies, to a much greater extent than Housekeeping supplies, are impacted by commodity pricing factors, which in many cases are unpredictable and outside of our control. Although we endeavor to pass on to clients such increased costs, from time to time, sporadic unanticipated increases in the costs of certain supply items due to market economic conditions may result in a timing delay in passing on such increases to our clients. Additionally in 2008, Dietary supply costs increased as the result of the impact of temporary market conditions on the specific commodity, which we did not anticipate and were unable to predict the extent of the upward trend in such supply costs. It is this type of spike in Dietary supplies’ costs that could most adversely affect Dietary’s operating performance. The adverse affect would be realized if we delay in

passing on such costs to our clients or in instances where we may not be able to pass such increase on to our clients until the time of our next scheduled service billing review.

 

Consolidated Selling, General and Administrative Expense

 

Although consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses increased in 2009 by $10,746,000 or 27.2% over 2008, the increase resulted primarily from the affect of recording an increase to compensation expense (reported in this financial statement item) reflecting the increase in our Deferred Compensation liability of approximately $1,797,000 resulting from an increase in market value of the investments held in our Deferred Compensation Fund as noted below in Consolidated Investment and Interest Income discussion. Absent the effect of market value change in both 2009 and 2008 in our Deferred Compensation Fund, consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses increased $6,561,000 or 15.7%, which is consistent with our 14.9% growth in revenues. Additionally selling, general and administrative expenses year-to-year comparison is unfavorably affected by increased professional and legal fees incurred in 2009 associated with the CES acquisition and settlements of employment related matters.

 

Consolidated Investment and Interest Income

 

Investment and interest income in 2009 increased $3,275,000 or 243% over 2008 reported amounts. The net increase is primarily attributable to an increase in market value of the investments held in our Deferred Compensation Fund. Such net increase in consolidated investment and interest income was somewhat offset by reduced rates of return on cash and cash equivalents recognized during the year.

 

Income before Income Taxes

 

Consolidated

 

As a result of the discussion above related to revenues and expenses, consolidated income before income taxes for 2009 decreased slightly to 7.1%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues, compared to 7.2% in 2008.

 

Reportable Segments

 

Housekeeping’s 12.4% increase in income before income taxes is attributable approximately equally between the gross profit earned on the 9.0% increase in organic reportable segment revenues and the gross profit earned on Housekeeping revenues from the service agreements acquired in the CES acquisition.

 

Dietary’s income before income taxes increase of 137.9% on a reportable segment basis is primarily attributable to the gross profit earned on the 23.5% increase in organic reportable segment revenues, as well as the improvement in gross profit earned at certain existing clients’ facilities derived primarily from the factors discussed in Dietary’s cost of services key indicators. Additionally, CES contributed approximately 42.8% of Dietary’s 2009 increase in income before income taxes.

 

Consolidated Income Taxes

 

Our effective tax rate was 38.5% in each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Absent any significant change in federal, or state and local tax laws, we expect our effective tax rate for 2010 to be approximately the same as realized in 2009. Our 38.5% effective tax rate differs from the federal income tax statutory rate principally because of the effect of state and local income taxes.

Consolidated Net Income

 

As a result of the matters discussed above, consolidated net income for 2009 and 2008 remained consistent at 4.4%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues.

 

2008 Compared with 2007

 

The following table sets forth 2008 income statement key components that we use to evaluate our financial performance on a consolidated and reportable segment basis, as well as the percentage increases (decreases) of each compared to 2007 amounts. The differences between the reportable segments’ operating results and other disclosed data and our consolidated financial statements relate primarily to corporate level transactions, and transactions between reportable segments and our warehousing and distribution subsidiary.

 

 

Revenues

 

Consolidated

 

Consolidated revenues increased 4.3% to $602,718,000 in 2008 compared to $577,721,000 in 2007 as a result of the factors discussed below under Reportable Segments.

 

We have one client, a nursing home chain (“Major Client”), which in 2008 and 2007 accounted for 15% and 16%, respectively, of consolidated revenues. At both December 31, 2008 and 2007 amounts due from such client represented less than 1% of our accounts receivable balance. This client completed its previously announced merger on March 14, 2006. Our relationship with this successor entity remains under the same terms and conditions as established prior to the merger . Although we expect to continue the relationship with this client, there can be no assurance thereof, and the loss of such client, or a significant reduction in the revenues we receive from this client, would have a material adverse effect on the results of operations of our two operating segments. In addition, if such client changes its payment terms it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

 

Reportable Segments

 

Housekeeping’s 4.5% net growth in reportable segment revenues resulted primarily from an increase in revenues attributable to service agreements entered into with new clients.

 

Dietary’s 4.9% net growth in reportable segment revenues is primarily a result of providing this service to an increasing number of existing Housekeeping clients.

 

We derived 14% and 17%, respectively, of Housekeeping and Dietary’s 2008 revenues from our Major Client.

Costs of services provided

 

Consolidated

 

Cost of services provided, on a consolidated basis, as a percentage of consolidated revenues for 2008 increased to 86.5% from 85.4% in 2007. The following table provides a comparison of the primary cost of services provided-key indicators that we manage on a consolidated basis in evaluating our financial performance.

 

 

The decrease in bad debt provision is primarily a result of less expense recorded related to certain nursing homes filing for bankruptcy. In the period when a client files for bankruptcy, we record a bad debt provision based upon our initial estimate of ultimate collectability. We revise such provision as additional information is available which we believe enables us to have a more accurate estimate of the collectability of an account. Some of our clients may experience liquidity problems because of governmental funding or operational issues. Such liquidity problems may cause them to not pay us as agreed upon or necessitate them filing for bankruptcy protection. In the event of additional clients filing for bankruptcy protection, we would increase our bad debt provision during our reporting period of such filing. Therefore, if more clients file for bankruptcy protection or if we have to increase our current provision related to existing bankruptcies, our bad debt provision may increase from our last two years’ average of .9%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues.

 

The workers’ compensation and general liability insurance expense increase is primarily a result of unfavorable claims’ experience during the year.

 

Reportable Segments

 

Cost of services provided for Housekeeping, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, for 2008 remained essentially unchanged at 90.5% compared to 90.4% in 2007. Cost of services provided for Dietary, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, decreased slightly for 2008 to 97.2% from 97.4% in 2007.

 

The following table provides a comparison of the primary cost of services provided-key indicators, as a percentage of the respective segment’s revenues, that we manage on a reportable segment basis in evaluating our financial performance:

 

 

Housekeeping labor and other labor costs, as a percentage of Housekeeping revenues, remained essentially unchanged in comparison to the prior year. We can realize volatility in Housekeeping labor and other labor costs from time to time as a result of inefficient management of labor in respect to adhering to established labor and other labor costs benchmarks at various operational levels, or the timing of passing through to clients’ changes in wage rates as a result of legislative or collective bargaining actions. Although we believe these factors were controlled effectively in 2008 in comparison to 2007, ineffective control of these factors in the future would result in unfavorable volatility in our labor and other labor costs. We realize volatility in the costs of supplies utilized in providing our Housekeeping services. The increase in Housekeeping supplies resulted primarily from vendor price increases and inefficiencies in managing such costs. Our supplies’ costs are impacted by commodity pricing factors,

which in many cases are unpredictable and outside of our control. Although we endeavor to pass on to clients such increased costs, from time to time, sporadic unanticipated increases in the costs of certain supply items due to economic conditions may result in a timing delay in obtaining such increases from our clients. Additionally, if the increase is a result of a temporary market condition or change in availability of the specific commodity, and trends indicate it will not continue, we may not be able to pass such temporary increase on to our clients until the time of our next scheduled annual service billing review.

 

The decrease in Dietary labor and other labor costs, as a percentage of Dietary revenues, resulted primarily from efficiencies in managing these costs as compared to prior periods. As noted above in the Housekeeping labor and other labor costs discussion, our ability to control volatility in labor and other labor costs is directly related to our efficient management of labor at the various Dietary operational levels in respect to established staffing benchmarks, as well as procuring on a timely basis increases from clients to reflect increased labor and other labor costs. We believe Dietary’s improvement in labor and other labor costs is a result of addressing such volatility factors effectively.

 

The increase in Dietary supplies, as a percentage of Dietary segment revenues, is a result of vendor price increases. Dietary supplies, to a much greater extent than Housekeeping supplies, are impacted by commodity pricing factors, which in many cases are unpredictable and outside of our control. Although we endeavor to pass on to clients such increased costs, from time to time, sporadic unanticipated increases in the costs of certain supply items due to market economic conditions may result in a timing delay in passing on such increases to our clients. Additionally, in 2008 many of the Dietary supplies’ increases were the result of the impact of temporary market conditions on the specific commodity which we did not anticipate and were unable to predict the extent of the upward trend in such supply costs. It is this type of spike in Dietary supplies’ costs that most adversely affects Dietary’s operating performance because of the delay in passing on such costs to our clients, as well as the fact that in some instances we may not be able to pass such increase on to our clients until the time of our next scheduled service billing review.

 

Consolidated Selling, General and Administrative Expense

 

Although consolidated revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $761,000 or 1.9% as a percentage of consolidated revenues, the decrease resulted primarily from the affect of recording an offset to compensation expense (reported in this financial statement item) reflecting the decrease in our Deferred Compensation liability of approximately $2,389,000 due to decline in market value of the investments held in our Deferred Compensation Fund as noted below in Consolidated Investment and Interest Income discussion. Absent the effect of market value change in our Deferred Compensation Fund, consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses increased $1,868,000 or 4.7% as a percentage of consolidated revenues, which is consistent with our 4.3% growth in revenues.

 

Consolidated Investment and Interest Income

 

Investment and interest income decreased to $1,349,000 or .2%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues, in 2008 compared to .7% in 2007. The net decrease is primarily attributable to a $2,389,000 decrease in market value of the investments held in our Deferred Compensation Fund. Additionally, the 2008 consolidated investment and interest income was affected by reduced rates of return on cash and cash equivalents which was somewhat offset by the recording of an unrealized gain of $1,146,000 on our marketable securities.

Income before Income Taxes

 

Consolidated

 

As a result of the discussion above related to revenues and expenses, consolidated income before income taxes for 2008 decreased to 7.2%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues, compared to 8.3% in 2007.

 

Reportable Segments

 

Housekeeping’s 3.9% increase in income before income taxes is attributable to the gross profit earned on the 4.5% increase in reportable segment revenues.

 

Dietary’s income before income taxes increase of 15.6% on a reportable segment basis is primarily attributable to the gross profit earned on the 4.9% increase in reportable segment revenues and the improvement in gross profit earned at certain existing clients’ facilities derived primarily from the factors discussed in Dietary’s cost of services key indicators.

 

Consolidated Income Taxes

 

Our effective tax rate was 38.5% in each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. Our 38.5% effective tax rate differs from the federal income tax statutory rate principally because of the effect of state and local income taxes.

 

Consolidated Net Income

 

As a result of the matters discussed above, consolidated net income for 2008 decreased to 4.4%, as a percentage of consolidated revenues, compared to 5.1% in 2007.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

 

We consider the three policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on our judgment. Therefore, it should be noted that financial reporting results rely on estimating the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Specific risks for these critical accounting policies and estimates are described in the following paragraphs. For these estimates, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted, and the best estimates routinely require adjustment. Any such adjustments or revisions to estimates could result in material differences to previously reported amounts.

 

The three policies discussed are not intended to be a comprehensive list of all of our accounting policies. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by accounting standards generally accepted in the United States, with no need for our judgment in their application. There are also areas in which our judgment in selecting another available alternative would not produce a materially different result. See our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto which are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which contain accounting policies and other disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (the “Allowance”) is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for bad debts charged to earnings. The Allowance is evaluated based on our periodic review of accounts and notes receivable and is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

 

We have had varying collection experience with respect to our accounts and notes receivable. When contractual terms are not met, we generally encounter difficulty in collecting amounts due from certain of our clients. Therefore, we have sometimes been required to extend the period of payment for certain clients beyond contractual terms. These clients include those who have terminated service agreements and slow payers experiencing financial difficulties. In making credit evaluations, in addition to analyzing and anticipating, where possible, the specific cases described above, we consider the general collection risks associated with trends in the long-term care industry. We also establish credit limits, perform ongoing credit evaluations, and monitor accounts to minimize the risk of loss.

 

In accordance with the risk of extending credit, we regularly evaluate our accounts and notes receivable for impairment or loss of value and when appropriate, will provide in our Allowance for such receivables. We generally follow a policy of reserving for receivables due from clients in bankruptcy, clients with which we are in litigation for collection and other slow paying clients. The reserve is based upon our estimates of ultimate collectability. Correspondingly, once our recovery of a receivable is determined through either litigation, bankruptcy proceedings or negotiation to be less than the recorded amount on our balance sheet, we will charge-off the applicable amount to the Allowance.

 

Our methodology for the Allowance is based upon a risk-based evaluation of accounts and notes receivable associated with a client’s ability to make payments. Such Allowance generally consists of an initial amount established based upon criteria generally applied if and when a client account files bankruptcy, is placed for collection/litigation and/or is considered to be pending collection/litigation.

 

The initial Allowance is adjusted either higher or lower when additional information is available to permit a more accurate estimate of the collectibility of an account.

 

Summarized below for the years 2007 through 2009 are the aggregate account balances for the three Allowance criteria noted above, net write-offs of client accounts, bad debt provision and allowance for doubtful accounts.

 

 

At December 31, 2009, we identified accounts totaling $9,874,000 that require an Allowance based on potential impairment or loss of value. An Allowance totaling $4,640,000 was provided for these accounts at such date. Actual collections of these accounts could differ from that which we currently estimate. If our actual collection experience is 5% less than our estimate, the related increase to our Allowance would decrease net income by approximately $161,000.

Notwithstanding our efforts to minimize credit risk exposure, our clients could be adversely affected if future industry trends, as more fully discussed under Liquidity and Capital Resources below, and as further described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K in Part I under “Risk Factors”, “Government Regulation of Clients” and “Service Agreements/Collections”, change in such a manner as to negatively impact the cash flows of our clients. If our clients experience a negative impact in their cash flows, it would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

Accrued Insurance Claims

 

We currently have a Paid Loss Retrospective Insurance Plan for general liability and workers’ compensation insurance, which comprise approximately 28% of our liabilities at December 31, 2009. Our accounting for this plan is affected by various uncertainties because we must make assumptions and apply judgment to estimate the ultimate cost to settle reported claims and claims incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. We address these uncertainties by regularly evaluating our claims’ pay-out experience, present value factor and other factors related to the nature of specific claims in arriving at the basis for our accrued insurance claims estimate. Our evaluations are based primarily on current information derived from reviewing our claims experience and industry trends. In the event that our claims experience and/or industry trends result in an unfavorable change, it would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. Under these plans, predetermined loss limits are arranged with an insurance company to limit both our per-occurrence cash outlay and annual insurance plan cost.

 

For workers’ compensation, we record a reserve based on the present value of future payments, including an estimate of claims incurred but not reported, that are developed as a result of a review of our historical data and open claims. The present value of the payout is determined by applying an 8% discount factor against the estimated value of the claims over the estimated remaining pay-out period. Reducing the discount factor by 1% would reduce net income by approximately $83,000. Additionally, reducing the estimated payout period by six months would result in an approximate $138,000 reduction in net income.

 

For general liability, we record a reserve for the estimated ultimate amounts to be paid for known claims. The estimated ultimate reserve amount recorded is derived from the estimated claim reserves provided by our insurance carrier reduced by an historical experience factor.

 

Asset Valuations and Review for Potential Impairment

 

We review our fixed assets, deferred income taxes, goodwill and other intangible assets at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. This review requires that we make assumptions regarding the value of these assets and the changes in circumstances that would affect the carrying value of these assets. If such analysis indicates that a possible impairment may exist, we are then required to estimate the fair value of the asset and, as deemed appropriate, expense all or a portion of the asset. The determination of fair value includes numerous uncertainties, such as the impact of competition on future value. We believe that we have made reasonable estimates and judgments in determining whether our long-term assets have been impaired; however, if there is a material change in the assumptions used in our determination of fair value or if there is a material change in economic conditions or circumstances influencing fair value, we could be required to recognize certain impairment charges in the future. As a result of our most recent reviews, no changes in asset values were required.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

At December 31, 2009, we had cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $83,949,000 and working capital of $177,453,000 compared to December 31, 2008 cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $86,915,000 and working capital of $177,573,000. We view our cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities as our principal measure of liquidity. Our current ratio at December 31, 2009 decreased to 6.1 to 1 compared to 7.1 to 1 at December 31, 2008. This decrease resulted primarily from increases in accrued payroll, withheld payroll taxes and accrued insurance claims expense resulting from the timing of such payments. Additionally, the current ratio decrease was favorably impacted by the increase in accounts and notes receivable resulting from our 14.9% increase in revenues. On an historical basis, our operations have generally produced consistent cash flow and have required limited capital resources. We believe our current and near term cash flow positions will enable us to fund our continued anticipated growth.

 

Operating Activities

 

The net cash provided by our operating activities was $38,307,000 for the year ended December 31, 2009. The principal sources of net cash flows from operating activities for 2009 were net income, including non-cash charges to operations for bad debt provisions, and depreciation and amortization. Additionally, operating activities’ cash flows increased by $3,002,000 as a result of the timing of payments for accrued insurance claims.

 

The operating activity that used the largest amount of cash during the year ended December 31, 2009 was a net increase of $11,624,000 in accounts and notes receivable and long-term notes receivable resulting primarily from the 14.9% growth in 2009 revenues.

 

Investing Activities

 

Our principal use of cash in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $4,613,000 expended for the CES acquisition. Additionally, we expended $3,686,000 and $2,154,000, respectively, for the net purchases of marketable securities, and of housekeeping equipment, computer software and equipment, and laundry equipment installations. See “Capital Expenditures” below.

 

Financing Activities

 

In connection with the CES acquisition, we made cash payments of $4,718,000 for the repayment of CES debt assumed in the transaction.

 

We have paid regular quarterly cash dividends since the second quarter of 2003. During 2009, we paid to shareholders regular quarterly cash dividends totaling $32,246,000 as follows.

 

 

Additionally, on January 26, 2010, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $.21 per common share which will be paid on March 5, 2010 to shareholders of record as of the close of business February 12, 2010.

 

Our Board of Directors reviews our dividend policy on a quarterly basis. Although there can be no assurance that we will continue to pay dividends or the amount of the dividend, we expect to continue to pay a regular quarterly

cash dividend. In connection with the establishment of our dividend policy, we adopted a Dividend Reinvestment Plan in 2003.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2009 we elected not to purchase any of our common stock but we remain authorized to purchase 1,132,000 of our common stock pursuant to previous Board of Directors’ approvals.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we received proceeds of $1,880,000 from the exercise of stock options by employees and directors. Additionally, as a result of deductions derived from the stock option exercises, we recognized an income tax benefit of $722,000.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

Our future contractual obligations and commitments at December 31, 2009 consist of the following:

 

 

Line of Credit

 

We have a $33,000,000 (increased to $36,000,000 on January 1, 2010) bank line of credit on which we may draw to meet short-term liquidity requirements in excess of internally generated cash flow. Amounts drawn under the line of credit are payable upon demand. At December 31, 2009, there were no borrowings under the line of credit. However, at such date, we had outstanding a $31,925,000 (increased to $35,420,000 on January 1, 2010) irrevocable standby letter of credit which relates to payment obligations under our insurance programs. As a result of the letter of credit issued, the amount available under the line of credit was reduced by $31,925,000 at December 31, 2009.

 

The line of credit requires us to satisfy two financial covenants. Such covenants, and their respective status at December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

 

As noted above, we complied with both financial covenants at December 31, 2009 and expect to continue to remain in compliance with all such financial covenants. This line of credit expires on June 30, 2011. We believe the line of credit will be renewed at that time.

 

Accounts and Notes Receivable

 

We expend considerable effort to collect the amounts due for our services on the terms agreed upon with our clients. Many of our clients participate in programs funded by federal and state governmental agencies which historically have encountered delays in making payments to its program participants. Congress has enacted a number of laws during the past decade that have significantly altered, or may alter, overall government reimbursement for nursing home services. Because our clients’ revenues are generally reliant on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates and mechanisms, the overall effect of these laws and trends in the long term care industry have affected and could adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us on agreed upon payment terms. These factors, in addition to delays in payments from clients, have resulted in and could continue to result in significant additional bad debts in the near future. Whenever possible,

when a client falls behind in making agreed-upon payments, we convert the unpaid accounts receivable to interest bearing promissory notes. The promissory notes receivable provide a means by which to further evidence the amounts owed and provide a definitive repayment plan and therefore may ultimately enhance our ability to collect the amounts due. At December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had $9,257,000 and $6,418,000, net of reserves, respectively, of such promissory notes outstanding. Additionally, we consider restructuring service agreements from full service to management-only service in the case of certain clients experiencing financial difficulties. We believe that such restructurings may provide us with a means to maintain a relationship with the client while at the same time minimizing collection exposure.

 

As a result of the current economic crisis, many states have significant budget deficits. State Medicaid programs are experiencing increased demand, and with lower revenues than projected, they have fewer resources to support their Medicaid programs. In addition, Federal “health reform” legislation has been proposed, that if enacted, would significantly expand state Medicaid programs. As a result, some state Medicaid programs are reconsidering previously approved increases in nursing home reimbursement or are considering delaying those increases. A few states have indicated it is possible they will run out of cash to pay Medicaid providers, including nursing homes. Any of these changes would adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us as agreed upon.

 

In 2009, Federal economic stimulus legislation was enacted to counter the impact of the economic crisis on state budgets. The legislation includes the temporary provision of additional federal matching funds to help states maintain their Medicaid programs. It is uncertain whether additional federal funding will be provided in the future or if it will be provided in the form of matching funds. In addition, certain states have proposed legislation to provide additional funding for nursing home providers. Even if federal or state legislation is enacted that provides additional funding to Medicaid providers, given the volatility of the economic environment, it is difficult to predict the impact of this legislation on our clients’ liquidity and their ability to make payments to us as agreed.

 

We have had varying collection experience with respect to our accounts and notes receivable. When contractual terms are not met, we generally encounter difficulty in collecting amounts due from certain of our clients. Therefore, we have sometimes been required to extend the period of payment for certain clients beyond contractual terms. These clients include those who have terminated service agreements and slow payers experiencing financial difficulties. In order to provide for these collection problems and the general risk associated with the granting of credit terms, we have recorded bad debt provisions (in an Allowance for Doubtful Accounts) of $2,404,000, $4,234,000 and $6,142,000 in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These provisions represent approximately .3%, .7% and 1.1%, as a percentage of total revenues for such respective periods. In making our credit evaluations, in addition to analyzing and anticipating, where possible, the specific cases described above, we consider the general collection risk associated with trends in the long-term care industry. We also establish credit limits, perform ongoing credit evaluation and monitor accounts to minimize the risk of loss. Notwithstanding our efforts to minimize credit risk exposure, our clients could be adversely affected if future industry trends change in such a manner as to negatively impact their cash flows. If our clients experience a negative impact in their cash flows, it would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

At December 31, 2009, amounts due from our Major Client represented less than 1% of our accounts receivable balance. If such client changes its payment terms, it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

Insurance Programs

 

We have a Paid Loss Retrospective Insurance Plan for general liability and workers’ compensation insurance. Under these plans, pre-determined loss limits are arranged with an insurance company to limit both our per occurrence cash outlay and annual insurance plan cost.

 

For workers’ compensation, we record a reserve based on the present value of future payments, including an estimate of claims incurred but not reported, that are developed as a result of a review of our historical data and open claims. The present value of the payout is determined by applying an 8% discount factor against the estimated value of the claims over the estimated remaining pay-out period.

 

For general liability, we record a reserve for the estimated ultimate amounts to be paid for known claims. The estimated ultimate reserve amount recorded is derived from the estimated claim reserves provided by our insurance carrier reduced by an historical experience factor.

 

We regularly evaluate our claims’ pay-out experience, present value factor and other factors related to the nature of specific claims in arriving at the basis for our accrued insurance claims’ estimate. Our evaluation is based primarily on current information derived from reviewing our claims experience and industry trends. In the event that our claims experience and/or industry trends result in an unfavorable change, it would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

Capital Expenditures

 

The level of capital expenditures is generally dependent on the number of new clients obtained. Such capital expenditures primarily consist of housekeeping equipment purchases, laundry and linen equipment installations, and computer hardware and software. Although we have no specific material commitments for capital expenditures through the end of calendar year 2010, we estimate that for the period we will have capital expenditures of $3,000,000 to $4,000,000 in connection with housekeeping equipment purchases and laundry and linen equipment installations in our clients’ facilities, as well as expenditures relating to internal data processing hardware and software requirements. We believe that our cash from operations, existing cash and cash equivalents balance and credit line will be adequate for the foreseeable future to satisfy the needs of our operations and to fund our anticipated growth. However, should these sources not be sufficient, we would, if necessary, seek to obtain necessary working capital from such sources as long-term debt or equity financing.

 

Material Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements, other than our irrevocable standby letter of credit previously discussed.

 

Effects of Inflation

 

Although there can be no assurance thereof, we believe that in most instances we will be able to recover increases in costs attributable to inflation by passing through such cost increases to our clients.

 

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

 

At December 31, 2009 we had $83,949,000 in cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the fair value of all of our cash equivalents and marketable securities is determined based on “Level 2” inputs, which consist of quoted prices whose value is based upon quoted prices for identical or similar

instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. We place our cash investments in instruments that meet credit quality standards, as specified in our investment policy guidelines.

 

Investments in both fixed rate and floating rate investments carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their market value adversely impacted due to an increase in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or if there is a decline in the fair value of our investments.

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

The Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Healthcare Services Group, Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) (a Pennsylvania Corporation) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated February 16, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion.

 

 

Edison, New Jersey

February 16, 2010

 

The management of Healthcare Services Group, Inc. (“Healthcare” or the “Company”), is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and includes those policies and procedures that:

 

1. Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company;

 

2. Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

 

3. Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. In making this assessment, the Company’s management used the criteria set forth in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting, as prescribed above, for the period covered by this report. Based on our evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 is effective as a whole.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

The Company’s independent auditors have audited, and reported on, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. This report appears on page 39.

 

 

The Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Healthcare Services Group, Inc.

 

We have audited Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) (a Pennsylvania Corporation) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Healthcare Services Group, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on Healthcare Services Group, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, Healthcare Services Group, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, and our report dated February 16, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

 

Edison, New Jersey

February 16, 2010

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

 

See accompanying notes

 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

Note 1— Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Nature of Operations

 

We provide housekeeping, laundry, linen, facility maintenance and dietary department services to the health care industry, including nursing homes, retirement complexes, rehabilitation centers and hospitals located throughout the United States. We believe that we are the largest provider of housekeeping and laundry services to the long-term care industry in the United States rendering such services to approximately 2,300 facilities in 47 states as of December 31, 2009. Although we do not directly participate in any government reimbursement programs, our clients’ reimbursements are subject to government regulation. Therefore, they are directly affected by any legislation relating to Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement programs.

 

We provide our services primarily pursuant to full service agreements with our clients. In such agreements, we are responsible for the management and hourly employees located at our clients’ facilities. We also provide services on the basis of a management-only agreement for a limited number of housekeeping clients. Additionally, we also provide, individually or as a combination thereof, the specialized services of Dietary (dietary department management services, dietician consulting professional services and food supplies’ purchasing) on a stand-alone basis to certain clients. Our agreements with clients typically provide for a one year service term, cancelable by either party upon 30 to 90 days notice after the initial 90-day period.

 

On April 30, 2009, we executed an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire essentially all of the assets of Contract Environmental Services, Inc.(“CES”), a South Carolina based corporation which is a provider of professional housekeeping, laundry and dietary services to long-term care and related facilities. The CES results of operations for the period May 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009 are included in our consolidated results of operations and financial information presented. Effective January 1, 2010 all of CES’ operations were fully integrated with our operations.

 

We are organized into two reportable segments; housekeeping, laundry, linen and other services (“Housekeeping”), and dietary department services (“Dietary”, previously reported as Food).

 

The services provided by Housekeeping consist primarily of the cleaning, disinfecting and sanitizing of patient rooms and common areas of a client’s facility, as well as the laundering and processing of the personal clothing belonging to the facility’s patients. Also within the scope of this segment’s service is the laundering and processing of the bed linens, uniforms and other assorted linen items utilized by a client facility. Dietary, which began operations in 1997, consists of providing dietician consulting professional services, the development of a menu that meets the patient’s dietary needs, and the purchasing and preparing of the food for delivery to the patients.

 

As of December 31, 2009, we operate a wholly-owned subsidiary, Huntingdon Holdings, Inc. (“Huntingdon”). Huntingdon invests our cash and cash equivalents as well as managing our portfolio of marketable securities. On March 1, 2009, we sold our wholly-owned subsidiary HCSG Supply, Inc. (“Supply”) for approximately $1,100,000, financed principally through our acceptance of a secured promissory note which is recorded in our notes receivable in the accompanying December 31, 2009 balance sheet.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Healthcare Services Group, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Huntingdon Holdings, Inc. (HCSG Supply, Inc. accounts are included up through March 1, 2009, the date of the sale of such) after elimination of intercompany transactions and balances.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Our financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts and notes receivable and accounts payable. Our marketable securities consist of tax-exempt municipal bond investments that are reported at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses included in our consolidated statements of income. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The fair value of our cash equivalents and marketable securities is determined based on “Level 2” inputs, which consists of quoted prices for similar assets or market corroborated inputs. We believe recorded values of all of our financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature, stated interest rates and respective maturity dates or durations.

 

We have certain notes receivable that either do not bear interest or bear interest at a below market rate. Therefore, such notes receivable of $1,888,000 and $2,014,000 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, have been discounted to their present value and are reported at such values of $1,801,000 and $1,907,000 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of short-term, highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at time of purchase.

 

Investments in Marketable Securities

 

We define our marketable securities as fixed income investments which are highly liquid investments that can be readily purchased or sold using established markets. At December 31, 2009, we had marketable securities of $52,648,000 which were comprised of tax exempt municipal bonds. These investments are reported at fair value on our balance sheet. Unrealized holding gains of $505,000 at December 31, 2009 were recorded in our consolidated statement of income for the year then ended. Management determines the appropriate classification of such securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such classification as of each balance sheet date.

 

We, in accordance with U.S. GAAP, define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). Effective January 1, 2008, we elected the fair value option for certain of our marketable securities purchased since such adoption. Management elected the fair value option for certain of our marketable securities because it views such investment securities as highly liquid and available to be drawn upon for working capital purposes making them similar to its cash and cash equivalents. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, our investments in marketable securities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. These investment securities are valued based upon quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

 

We, in accordance with U.S. GAAP, elected the option to value our financial assets and liabilities, on an instrument by instrument basis, at fair value, and include the change in fair value of such assets and liabilities in our results of

 

operations. We chose to apply this treatment to all marketable securities purchased in 2009 and 2008. Accordingly, the change in fair value of such investments is included in our 2009 and 2008 results of operations.

 

Our investment policy is to seek to manage these assets to achieve our goal of preserving principal, maintaining adequate liquidity at all times, and maximizing returns subject to our investment guidelines. Our investment policy limits investment to certain types of instruments issued by institutions primarily with investment grade credit ratings and places restrictions on maturities and concentration by type and issuer.

 

We review periodically our investments in marketable securities for other than temporary declines in fair value below the cost basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. As of December 31, 2009, we believe that recorded value of our investments in marketable securities was recoverable in all material respects.

 

Inventories and Supplies

 

Inventories and supplies include housekeeping, linen and laundry supplies, as well as food provisions and supplies. Inventories and supplies are stated at cost to approximate a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Linen supplies are amortized on a straight-line basis over a 24 month period.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Additions, renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repair costs are expensed when incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in income. Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: laundry and linen equipment installations — 3 to 7 years; housekeeping, and office furniture and equipment — 3 to 7 years; autos and trucks — 3 years.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenues from our service agreements with clients are recognized as services are performed.

 

Revenues from services provided and equipment sales are recorded net of sales taxes.

 

As a distributor of laundry equipment, we occasionally sell laundry installations to certain clients. The sales in most cases represent the construction and installation of a turn-key operation and are for payment terms ranging from 24 to 60 months. Our accounting policy for these sales is to recognize the gross profit over the life of the payments associated with our financing of the transactions. During 2009, 2008 and 2007 laundry installation sales were not material.

 

Income Taxes

 

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year. We accrue for probable tax obligations as required by facts and circumstances in the various regulatory environments. In addition, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. If appropriate, we would record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount for which realization is more likely than not. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are more fully described in Note 10.

 

We have adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, “Income Taxes”, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

 

Earnings per Common Share

 

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflects the weighted-average common shares outstanding and dilutive common shares, such as those issuable upon exercise of stock options.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

The Company has adopted ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense, based on estimated fair values, for all share-based awards made to employees and directors, including stock options and participation in the Company’s employee stock purchase plan.

 

ASC 718 guidance requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense in the Company’s consolidated financial statements of income over the requisite service periods. We use the straight-line single option method of expensing share-based awards in our consolidated financial statements of income. Because share-based compensation expense is based on awards that are ultimately expected to vest, share-based compensation expense will be reduced to account for estimated forfeitures. ASC 718 guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

 

Advertising Costs

 

Advertising costs are expensed when incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, advertising costs were not material.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

We account for long-lived assets in accordance with current accounting guidance which states that the carrying amounts of long-lived assets be periodically reviewed to determine whether current events or circumstances warrant adjustment to such carrying amounts. Any impairment is measured by the amount that the carrying value of such assets exceeds their fair value, primarily based on estimated discounted cash flows. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value of assets. Assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of their financial statement carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell.

 

Acquisitions

 

We acquire businesses and/or assets that augment and complement our operations from time to time. These acquisitions are accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The consolidated financial statements include the results of operations from such business combinations as of the date of acquisition. Additional disclosure related to our CES acquisition is provided in Note 2.

 

Identifiable Intangible Assets and Goodwill

 

We apply the provisions codified within ASC 805 “Business Combinations” and ASC 350, “Intangibles and Other”, in accounting for our goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets. ASC 805 addresses the initial recognition and measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired inside a business combination. ASC 350 addresses the initial recognition and measurement of intangible assets acquired outside of a business combination whether acquired individually or with a group of other assets, and the accounting and reporting for goodwill and other intangible assets subsequent to their acquisition.

 

Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their respective lives.

 

Goodwill represents the excess of costs over the fair value of net assets of the acquired business. We review the carrying values of goodwill at least annually to assess impairment because these assets are not amortized. During October 2009, the Company changed the timing of its annual goodwill impairment testing from the end of the fourth quarter (December 31) to the beginning of the fourth quarter (October 1). This change allows the Company to complete its annual goodwill impairment testing in advance of its year end closing. Accordingly, management believes that this accounting change is preferable under the circumstances. Additionally, we review the carrying value of any intangible asset or goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. We assess impairment by comparing the fair value of an identifiable intangible asset or goodwill with its carrying value. Impairments are expensed when incurred. No impairment loss was recognized on our intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Treasury Stock

 

Treasury stock purchases are accounted for under the cost method whereby the entire cost of the acquired stock is recorded as treasury stock. Gains or losses on the subsequent reissuance of shares are credited or charged to additional paid in capital.

 

Three-for-Two Stock Splits

 

On July 17, 2007 our Board of Directors declared a three-for-two stock split in the form of a 50% common stock dividend which was paid on August 10, 2007 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 3, 2007. All share and per common share information for all periods presented have been adjusted to reflect the three-for-two stock split.

 

Reclassification

 

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

 

Use of Estimates in Financial Statements

 

In preparing financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates are used for, but not limited to, our allowance for doubtful accounts, accrued insurance claims, asset valuations and review for potential impairment, and deferred taxes. The estimates are based upon various factors including current and historical trends, as well as other pertinent industry and regulatory authority information. We regularly evaluate this information to determine if it is necessary to update the basis for our estimates and to compensate for known changes.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

The accounting guidance requires the disclosure of significant concentrations of credit risk, regardless of the degree of such risk. Financial instruments, as defined by ASC 450, “Contingencies”, which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts and notes receivable. We define our marketable securities as fixed income investments which are highly liquid investments that can be readily purchased or sold using established markets. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, substantially all of our cash and cash equivalents, and marketable securities were held in one large financial institution located in the United States.

 

Our clients are concentrated in the health care industry, primarily providers of long-term care. Many of our clients’ revenues are highly contingent on Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement funding rates. Congress has enacted a number of major laws during the past decade that have significantly altered, or threatened to alter, overall government reimbursement for nursing home services. These changes and lack of substantive reimbursement funding rate reform legislation, as well as other trends in the long-term care industry have affected and could adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us on agreed upon payment terms. These factors, in addition to delays in payments from clients, have resulted in, and could continue to result in, significant additional bad debts in the near future.

 

As a result of the current economic crisis, many states have significant budget deficits. State Medicaid programs are experiencing increased demand, and with lower revenues than projected, they have fewer resources to support their Medicaid programs. In addition, Federal “health reform” legislation has been proposed, that if enacted, would significantly expand state Medicaid programs. As a result, some state Medicaid programs are reconsidering previously approved increases in nursing home reimbursement or are considering delaying those increases. A few states have indicated it is possible they will run out of cash to pay Medicaid providers, including nursing homes. Any of these changes would adversely affect the liquidity of our clients, resulting in their inability to make payments to us as agreed upon.

 

In 2009, Federal economic stimulus legislation was enacted to counter the impact of the economic crisis on state budgets. The legislation includes the temporary provision of additional federal matching funds to help states maintain their Medicaid programs. It is uncertain whether additional federal funding will be provided in the future or if it will be provided in the form of matching funds. In addition, certain states have proposed legislation to provide additional funding for nursing home providers. Even if federal or state legislation is enacted that provides additional funding to Medicaid providers, given the volatility of the economic environment, it is difficult to predict the impact of this legislation on our clients’ liquidity and their ability to make payments to us as agreed.

 

Major Client

 

Our Major Client’s percentage contribution to revenues and accounts receivable balances is summarized below:

 

 

Although we expect to continue the relationship with this client, there can be no assurance thereof. The loss of such client, or a significant reduction in the revenues we receive from this client, would have a material adverse effect on

 

the results of operations of our two operating segments. In addition, if such client changes its payment terms it would increase our accounts receivable balance and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows and cash and cash equivalents.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2009-13 (“ASU 2009-13”), “Multiple Element Arrangements”. ASU 2009-13 addresses the determination of when the individual deliverables included in a multiple arrangement may be treated as separate units of accounting. ASU 2009-13 also modifies the manner in which the transaction consideration is allocated across separately identified deliverables and establishes definitions for determining fair value of elements in an arrangement. This standard must be adopted by us no later than January 1, 2011 with earlier adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, that this standard update will have on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 105, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (the “Codification”). The Codification will become the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All existing accounting standards are superseded as described in ASC 105-10. All other accounting literature not included in the Codification is non-authoritative. ASC 105-10 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 30, 2009. The adoption of ASC 105-10 did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued ASC 805-10 (formerly SFAS 141R), “Business Combinations” was issued. ASC 805-10 replaces prior guidance on the subject and requires the acquirer of a business to recognize and measure the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value. Additionally, it also requires transaction costs related to the business combination to be expensed as incurred. ASC 805-10 applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The effective date, as well as our adoption date, for the pronouncement was January 1, 2009. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued ASC 350-30 (formerly FSP No. 142-3), “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets”, which amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under ASC 350-10 (formerly SFAS 142). This pronouncement requires enhanced disclosures concerning a company’s treatment of costs incurred to renew or extend the term of a recognized intangible asset. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We determined that the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2009, the FASB issued ASC 855-10 (formerly SFAS No. 165), “Subsequent Events,” which establishes general standards for accounting and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The pronouncement requires the disclosure of the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for that date, whether that date represents the date the financial statements were issued or were available to be issued. It is effective with interim and annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009. We adopted ASC 855-10 at the beginning of our 2009 third quarter. The adoption did not have a significant impact on the subsequent events that we report, either through recognition or disclosure, in our consolidated financial statement

 

 

Note 2 — Acquisition

 

On April 30, 2009, we executed an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire essentially all of the assets of Contract Environmental Services, Inc (“CES”), a South Carolina based corporation which is a provider of professional housekeeping, laundry and dietary services to long-term care and related facilities. We believe the acquisition of CES expands and compliments our position of being the largest provider of such services to long-term care and related facilities in the United States. The aggregate consideration, subject to future revision, was approximately $13,825,000 consisting of approximately: (i) $4,613,000 in cash, (ii) a current issuance of approximately 66,000 shares of our common stock (valued at approximately $1,183,000) and a future issuance of approximately 265,000 shares (valued at approximately $3,311,000) contingent upon the achievement of certain financial targets, and (iii) the repayment of approximately $4,718,000 of certain debt obligations of CES. The allocation of such consideration has resulted in our recording in the accompanying December 31, 2009 consolidated balance sheets of the following: (i) approximately $9,167,000 of tangible assets consisting primarily of accounts receivable, (ii) $5,400,000 of amortizable intangible assets, (iii) $2,067,000 of goodwill and (iv) current liabilities of approximately $2,809,000.

 

Note 3 — Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired of businesses and is not amortized. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise, using a fair-value-based test that compares the fair value of the asset to its carrying value.

 

The following table sets forth goodwill by reportable operating segment, as described in Note 12 herein, and the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2009. The goodwill associated with the CES acquisition is deductible for tax purposes over a fifteen year period.

 

 

The cost of intangible assets is based on fair values at the date of acquisition. Intangible assets with determinable lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life (between 7 and 8 years).

 

The following table sets forth the amounts of our identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization, which were acquired in the Summit and CES acquisitions.

 

 

The customer relationships have a weighted-average amortization period of seven years and the non-compete agreements have a weighted-average amortization period of eight years. The following table sets forth the estimated amortization expense for intangibles subject to amortization for the following five fiscal years: