HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA INC - Quarter Report: 2019 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For quarterly period ended September 30, 2019


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-15393

HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

42-1405748

(I.R.S. employer identification number)

1398 Central Avenue, Dubuque, Iowa 52001

(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

(563) 589-2100

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated Filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share	HTLF	Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the classes of Registrant's common stock as of the latest practicable date: As of November 4, 2019, the Registrant had outstanding 36,698,445 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share.

HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC.

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report

Table of Contents


Part I
Item 1.			Financial Statements
Item 2.			Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.			Controls and Procedures
Part II
Item 1.			Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.			Risk Factors
Item 2.			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 3.			Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Item 4.			Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5.			Other Information
Item 6.			Exhibits

PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
	September 30, 2019 (Unaudited)		December 31, 2018
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	243,395	$	223,135
Interest bearing deposits with other banks and other short-term investments	204,372		50,495
Cash and cash equivalents	447,767		273,630
Time deposits in other financial institutions	3,711		4,672
Securities:

Carried at fair value (cost of $2,993,045 at September 30, 2019, and $2,492,620 at December 31, 2018)	3,020,568		2,450,709
Held to maturity, at cost (fair value of $97,905 at September 30, 2019, and $245,341 at December 31, 2018)	87,965		236,283
Other investments, at cost	29,042		28,396
Loans held for sale	35,427		119,801
Loans receivable:
Held to maturity	7,971,608		7,407,697

Allowance for loan and lease losses	(66,222)		(61,963)
Loans receivable, net	7,905,386		7,345,734
Premises, furniture and equipment, net	195,984		187,418
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	3,251		7,258
Other real estate, net	6,425		6,153
Goodwill	427,097		391,668
Core deposit intangibles and customer relationship intangibles, net	49,819		47,479
Servicing rights, net	6,271		31,072
Cash surrender value on life insurance	171,471		162,892

Other assets	179,078		114,841
TOTAL ASSETS	$	12,569,262	$	11,408,006
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES:
Deposits:
Demand	$	3,581,127	$	3,264,737
Savings	5,770,754		5,107,962
Time	1,117,975		1,023,730
Total deposits	10,469,856		9,396,429
Deposits held for sale	—		106,409
Short-term borrowings	107,853		227,010
Other borrowings	278,417		274,905
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	149,293		78,078
TOTAL LIABILITIES	11,005,419		10,082,831
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:


Preferred stock (par value $1 per share; authorized 17,604 shares; none issued or outstanding at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018)	—		—
Series A Junior Participating preferred stock (par value $1 per share; authorized 16,000 shares; none issued or outstanding at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018)	—		—
Series C Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (par value $1 per share; 81,698 shares authorized at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, none issued or outstanding at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018)	—		—
Series D Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Preferred Stock (par value $1 per share; 3,000 shares authorized at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018; none issued or outstanding at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018)	—		—
Common stock (par value $1 per share; 60,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2019, and 40,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2018; issued 36,696,190 shares at September 30, 2019, and 34,477,499 shares at December 31, 2018)	36,696		34,477
Capital surplus	838,543		743,095
Retained earnings	670,816		579,252
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)	17,788		(31,649)



TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	1,563,843		1,325,175
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	$	12,569,262	$	11,408,006

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
INTEREST INCOME:
Interest and fees on loans	$	110,566	$	105,733	$	317,049	$	288,171
Interest on securities:
Taxable	18,567		14,433		50,566		38,280
Nontaxable	2,119		3,490		7,766		10,653
Interest on federal funds sold	—		—		4		—
Interest on interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions	2,151		1,238		5,742		2,413
TOTAL INTEREST INCOME	133,403		124,894		381,127		339,517
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Interest on deposits	17,982		10,092		47,333		23,841
Interest on short-term borrowings	250		464		1,477		1,279
Interest on other borrowings (includes $24 and $242 of interest expense related to derivatives reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $276 and $469 of interest expense related to derivatives reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively)	3,850		3,660		11,333		10,726
TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE	22,082		14,216		60,143		35,846
NET INTEREST INCOME	111,321		110,678		320,984		303,671
Provision for loan losses	5,201		5,238		11,754		14,332
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES	106,120		105,440		309,230		289,339
NONINTEREST INCOME:
Service charges and fees	12,366		12,895		39,789		35,046
Loan servicing income	821		1,670		3,888		5,231
Trust fees	4,959		4,499		14,258		13,794
Brokerage and insurance commissions	962		1,111		2,724		2,895
Securities gains/(losses), net (includes $2,013 of net security gains and $(145) of net security losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively and $7,168 and $1,037 of net security gains reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively)	2,013		(145)		7,168		1,037


Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	144		54		514		97
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	4,673		7,410		12,192		18,261
Valuation allowance on servicing rights	(626)		230		(1,579)		12
Income on bank owned life insurance	881		892		2,668		2,206
Other noninterest income	3,207		1,149		6,556		3,536
TOTAL NONINTEREST INCOME	29,400		29,765		88,178		82,115
NONINTEREST EXPENSES:
Salaries and employee benefits	50,027		49,921		150,307		149,389
Occupancy	6,594		6,348		19,637		18,706
Furniture and equipment	2,858		3,470		8,770		9,403
Professional fees	12,131		12,800		38,478		32,880

Advertising	2,737		2,754		7,723		6,839
Core deposit intangibles and customer relationship intangibles amortization	2,899		2,626		9,054		6,763
Other real estate and loan collection expenses	(89)		784		774		2,464
(Gain)/loss on sales/valuations of assets, net	356		912		(20,934)		2,243
Restructuring expenses	—		—		3,227		2,564
Other noninterest expenses	15,454		12,924		39,259		33,816
TOTAL NONINTEREST EXPENSES	92,967		92,539		256,295		265,067
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	42,553		42,666		141,113		106,387
Income taxes (includes $502 and $(26) of income tax expense/(benefit) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively and $1,740 and $174 of income tax expense reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively)	7,941		8,956		29,835		21,530
NET INCOME	34,612		33,710		111,278		84,857


Preferred dividends	—		(13)		—		(39)

NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	34,612	$	33,697	$	111,278	$	84,818
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE - BASIC	$	0.94	$	0.98	$	3.12	$	2.61
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE - DILUTED	$	0.94	$	0.97	$	3.11	$	2.59
CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.18	$	0.14	$	0.50	$	0.40

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
NET INCOME	$	34,612	$	33,710	$	111,278	$	84,857
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)
Securities:
Net change in unrealized gain/(loss) on securities	19,851		(8,060)		78,238		(36,395)

Reclassification adjustment for net (gains)/losses realized in net income	(2,013)		145		(7,168)		(1,037)

Income taxes	(4,577)		2,078		(18,241)		9,586
Other comprehensive income/(loss) on securities	13,261		(5,837)		52,829		(27,846)
Derivatives used in cash flow hedging relationships:
Net change in unrealized gain/(loss) on derivatives	(800)		395		(4,568)		2,991
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on derivatives realized in net income	27		242		279		469
Income taxes	161		(79)		897		(682)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) on cash flow hedges	(612)		558		(3,392)		2,778
Other comprehensive income/(loss)	12,649		(5,279)		49,437		(25,068)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$	47,261	$	28,431	$	160,715	$	59,789

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	111,278	$	84,857
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	23,561		22,647
Provision for loan losses	11,754		14,332
Net amortization of premium on securities	15,959		18,958
Securities gains, net	(7,168)		(1,037)

Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	(514)		(97)
Stock based compensation	4,833		3,689

Loans originated for sale	(289,877)		(551,328)
Proceeds on sales of loans held for sale	289,769		594,529
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	(11,545)		(13,939)
(Increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable	932		(5,422)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses	(3,611)		2,243
Increase in accrued interest payable	1,905		1,121
Gain on extinguishment of debt	(375)		—
Capitalization of servicing rights	(756)		(4,404)
Valuation allowance on servicing rights	1,579		(12)
(Gain)/loss on sales/valuations of assets, net	(10,378)		2,243
Net excess tax benefit from stock based compensation	270		672
Other, net	(40,706)		(1,979)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES	96,910		167,073
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of time deposits in other financial institutions	(254)		(1,000)
Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale	1,485,773		694,872


Proceeds from the redemption of time deposits in other financial institutions	—		8,767
Proceeds from the maturity of and principal paydowns on securities available for sale	265,500		172,702
Proceeds from the maturity of and principal paydowns on securities held to maturity	2,938		13,169
Proceeds from the maturity of and principal paydowns on time deposits in other financial institutions	1,215		5,829
Proceeds from the sale, maturity of and principal paydowns on other investments	10,297		2,038
Purchase of securities available for sale	(1,984,228)		(940,607)

Purchase of other investments	(4,957)		(2,411)
Net increase in loans	(47,023)		(13,737)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance policies	(16)		(2,000)
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance policies	421		—
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights	33,823		—
Capital expenditures	(8,389)		(11,793)
Net cash and cash equivalents received in acquisitions	38,650		212,197
Proceeds from the sale of equipment	1,277		998
Net cash expended in divestitures	(49,264)		—
Proceeds on sale of OREO and other repossessed assets	6,907		3,128
NET CASH PROVIDED (USED) BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES	$	(247,330)	$	142,152


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONTINUED (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net increase in demand deposits	$	159,044	$	156,497
Net increase in savings deposits	347,749		130,704
Net decrease in time deposit accounts	(397)		(122,795)
Proceeds on short-term revolving credit line	—		25,000
Repayments on short-term revolving credit line	—		(25,000)
Net decrease in short-term borrowings	(43,733)		(183,552)
Proceeds from short term FHLB advances	430,888		355,602
Repayments of short term FHLB advances	(531,725)		(365,602)
Proceeds from other borrowings	50		30,131
Repayments of other borrowings	(17,769)		(56,221)
Payment for the redemption of debt	(2,125)		—



Purchase of treasury stock	—		(97)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	576		286
Dividends paid	(18,001)		(12,806)
NET CASH PROVIDED (USED) BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES	324,557		(67,853)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	174,137		241,372
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	273,630		196,003
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	447,767	$	437,375
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash paid for income/franchise taxes	$	30,523	$	14,754
Cash paid for interest	$	58,297	$	34,725
Loans transferred to OREO	$	7,421	$	5,016
Transfer of premises from premises, furniture and equipment, net, to premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	$	2,568	$	3,415
Transfer of premises from premises, furniture and equipment held for sale to premises, furniture and equipment, net,	$	1,564	$	—
Deposits transferred to held for sale	$	76,968	$	50,312
Loans transferred to held for sale	$	32,111	$	31,379
Securities transferred from held to maturity to available for sale	$	148,030	$	—
Purchases of securities available for sale, accrued, not settled	$	22,879	$	3,481



Conversion of Series D preferred stock to common stock	$	—	$	938
Stock consideration granted for acquisitions	$	92,258	$	238,075

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
	Heartland Financial USA, Inc. Stockholders' Equity
	Preferred Stock		Common Stock		Capital Surplus		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Total Equity
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	938	$	34,438	$	740,128	$	524,786	$	(44,543)	$	—	$	1,255,747
Comprehensive income							33,710		(5,279)				28,431

Cash dividends declared:
Series D Preferred, $17.50 per share							(13)						(13)
Common, $0.14 per share							(4,821)						(4,821)
Conversion of Series D Preferred Stock	(938)												(938)

Issuance of 34,584 shares of common stock			35		1,033								1,068
Stock based compensation					919								919
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	—	$	34,473	$	742,080	$	553,662	$	(49,822)	$	—	$	1,280,393
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	938	$	29,953	$	503,709	$	481,331	$	(24,474)	$	—	$	991,457
Comprehensive income							84,857		(25,068)				59,789

Reclassification of unrealized net gain on equity securities							280		(280)				—


Cash dividends declared:

Series D Preferred, $52.50 per share							(39)						(39)
Common, $0.40 per share							(12,767)						(12,767)


Conversion of Series D Preferred Stock	(938)												(938)
Purchase of 1,761 shares of common stock											(97)		(97)
Issuance of 4,521,434 shares of common stock			4,520		234,682						97		239,299
Stock based compensation					3,689								3,689
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	—	$	34,473	$	742,080	$	553,662	$	(49,822)	$	—	$	1,280,393
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	—	$	36,690	$	837,150	$	642,808	$	5,139	$	—	$	1,521,787
Comprehensive income							$	34,612	$	12,649			47,261

Cash dividends declared:
Common, $0.18 per share							(6,604)						(6,604)
Issuance of 6,129 shares of common stock			6		162								168
Stock based compensation					1,231								1,231
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	—	$	36,696	$	838,543	$	670,816	$	17,788	$	—	$	1,563,843
Balance at January 1, 2019	$	—	$	34,477	$	743,095	$	579,252	$	(31,649)	$	—	$	1,325,175
Comprehensive income							111,278		49,437				160,715

Retained earnings adjustment for adoption of leasing standard							(1,713)						(1,713)
Cash dividends declared:


Common, $0.50 per share							(18,001)						(18,001)




Issuance of 2,218,691 shares of common stock			2,219		90,615								92,834
Stock based compensation					4,833								4,833
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	—	$	36,696	$	838,543	$	670,816	$	17,788	$	—	$	1,563,843

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1: BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Form 10-K of Heartland Financial USA, Inc. ("Heartland") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on February 27, 2019. Footnote disclosures to the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements which would substantially duplicate the disclosure contained in the footnotes to the audited consolidated financial statements have been omitted.

The financial information of Heartland included herein has been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial reporting and has been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Such information reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments), that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. The results of the interim period ended September 30, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is determined using net income available to common stockholders and weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares and assumed incremental common shares issued. Amounts used in the determination of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, are shown in the table below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars and number of shares in thousands, except per share data)	2019		2018
Net income	$	34,612	$	33,710
Preferred dividends	—		(13)

Net income available to common stockholders	$	34,612	$	33,697
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	36,692		34,452
Assumed incremental common shares issued upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock units	143		192
Weighted average common shares for diluted earnings per share	36,835		34,644
Earnings per common share — basic	$	0.94	$	0.98
Earnings per common share — diluted	$	0.94	$	0.97
Number of antidilutive common stock equivalents excluded from diluted earnings per share computation	8		—

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars and number of shares in thousands, except per share data)	2019		2018
Net income	$	111,278	$	84,857
Preferred dividends	—		(39)

Net income available to common stockholders	$	111,278	$	84,818
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	35,675		32,520
Assumed incremental common shares issued upon vesting of outstanding restricted stock units	143		187
Weighted average common shares for diluted earnings per share	35,818		32,707
Earnings per common share — basic	$	3.12	$	2.61
Earnings per common share — diluted	$	3.11	$	2.59
Number of antidilutive common stock equivalents excluded from diluted earnings per share computation	8		—

Subsequent Events - Heartland has evaluated subsequent events that may require recognition or disclosure through the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC.

Effect of New Financial Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Topic 842 requires a lessee to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (ROU) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is applied on a modified retrospective basis. Heartland leases certain properties and equipment under operating leases that resulted in recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets under the ASU; however the majority of Heartland's properties and equipment are owned, not leased. The modified retrospective approach includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. These practical expedients relate to the identification and classification of leases that commenced before the effective date, initial direct costs for leases that commenced before the effective date, and the ability to use hindsight in evaluating lessee options to extend or terminate a lease or to purchase the underlying asset. Early adoption is permitted. In January 2018, the FASB issued an amendment to provide entities with the optional practical expedient to not evaluate existing or expired land easements that were previously not accounted for as leases under Topic 840. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, "Leases - Targeted Improvements" to provide entities with relief from the costs of implementing certain aspects of the new leasing standard, Specifically, under the amendments in ASU 2018-11, entities may elect not to recast the comparative periods presented when transitioning to the new leasing standard, and lessors may elect not to separate lease and non-lease components when certain conditions are met. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU 2016-02. Heartland adopted the accounting standard on January 1, 2019, on a modified retrospective basis, as required, and has not restated comparative periods. Heartland adopted the practical expedients, which allow for existing leases to be accounted for under previous guidance with the exception of balance sheet recognition for lessees. The adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of ROU assets and lease liabilities of approximately $25.9 million and $27.6 million, respectively, on January 1, 2019. The difference between the lease assets and lease liabilities, which was $1.7 million, was recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of the standard did not impact Heartland's results of operations or liquidity. See Note 11, "Leases", for more information on Heartland's leases.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)." The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The amendments in this ASU indicate that an entity should not use the length of time a security has been in an unrealized loss position to avoid recording a credit loss. In addition, in determining whether a credit loss exists, the amendments in this ASU also remove the requirements to consider the historical and implied volatility of the fair value of a security and recoveries or declines in fair value after the balance sheet date. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity may adopt the amendments earlier as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Heartland intends to adopt the accounting standard in 2020, as required. In April 2019, the FASB also issued ASU 2019-04, "Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments." As it relates to current expected credit losses, this guidance amends certain provisions contained in ASU 2016-13, particularly with regards to the inclusion of accrued interest in the definition of amortized cost, as well as clarifying the extension and renewal options that are not unconditionally cancelable by the entity that are included in the original or modified contract should be considered in the entity's determination of expected credit losses. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings will be recorded as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Heartland formed an internal committee to assess and implement the standard. During 2018, Heartland entered into an agreement with a third party vendor for consulting services and a technology solution. The technology solution implementation has been completed, and Heartland has produced two parallel runs for the first two quarters of 2019 excluding economic forecasting to estimate the impact of this new guidance.

Prior to the end of 2019, management will continue to prepare parallel calculations to compare the existing allowance for loan losses to this new guidance. Additionally, management expects to complete data validation and documentation of the accounting policies and internal controls related to the standard. Heartland has also entered into an agreement to have its new model validated by a third party prior to January 1, 2020. Further review and refinement of the economic forecasting, as well as the model and methodologies, will continue in preparation for the adoption of the standard on January 1, 2020.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)." This amendment is to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity will perform only step one of its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and then recognizing the impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity will still have the option to perform a qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative step one impairment test is necessary. This amendment is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and should be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period for impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. Heartland intends to adopt this ASU in the third quarter of 2020, consistent with the annual impairment test as of September 30, 2020, and is currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on its results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, "Receivables - Nonrefundable Fee and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20)." These amendments shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount. Discounts continue to be amortized to maturity. These amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If any entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. The amendments must be applied and Heartland intends to apply these amendments on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Heartland adopted this ASU on January 1, 2019, as required, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities." The purpose of this updated guidance is to better align a company’s financial reporting for hedging activities with the economic objectives of those activities. ASU 2017-12 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, permitted. For a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets or one or more beneficial interests secured by a portfolio of prepayable financial instruments, this ASU permits an entity to designate an amount that is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, and other events affecting the timing and amount of cash flows (the "last-of-layer" method). Under this designation, prepayment risk is not incorporated into the measurement of the hedged item. ASU 2017-12 requires a modified retrospective transition method in which Heartland will recognize the cumulative effect of the change on the opening balance of each affected component of equity on the balance sheet as of the date of adoption. Heartland adopted this ASU on January 1, 2019, as required, and as a result of the adoption, $148.0 million of held to maturity securities were reclassified to available for sale debt securities carried at fair value. See Note 3, "Securities," for further details. There was no impact to Heartland's results of operations, or liquidity as a result of the adoption of this amendment.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, "Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement." This ASU eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Among the changes, entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy but will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. Heartland intends to adopt this ASU in 2020, as required, and because the ASU only revises disclosure requirements, the adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, "Intangible-Goodwill and Other-Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract." The amendment aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The amendments in this update require an entity in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments also require the entity to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and the amendment can be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. Early adoption was permitted. Heartland early adopted this ASU using the prospective approach in the second quarter of 2019, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting." In the United States, eligible benchmark interest rates under Topic 815 are interest rates on direct Treasury obligations of the U.S. government ("UST"), the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") swap rate, and the Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") Rate based on the Fed Funds Effective Rate. When the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, in August 2017, it introduced the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association ("SIFMA") Municipal Swap Rate as the fourth permissible U.S. benchmark rate. The new ASU adds the OIS rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") as a U.S. benchmark interest rate to facilitate the LIBOR to SOFR transition and provide sufficient lead time for entities to prepare for changes to interest rate risk hedging strategies for both risk management and hedge accounting purposes. The amendments in this update became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years and the financial statement impact immediately upon adoption was immaterial. The future financial statement impact will depend on any new contracts entered into using new benchmark rates, as well as any existing contracts that get migrated from LIBOR to new benchmark interest rates. Heartland is currently evaluating the impact of the transition from LIBOR as an interest rate benchmark to other potential alternative reference rates, including but not limited to the SOFR. Currently, Heartland has adjustable rate loans, several debt obligations and derivative instruments in place that reference LIBOR-based rates. The transition from LIBOR is estimated to take place at the end of 2021, and management will continue to actively assess the related opportunities and risks involved in this transition.

NOTE 2: ACQUISITIONS

Rockford Bank and Trust Company

On August 13, 2019, Heartland's Illinois Bank & Trust subsidiary entered into a purchase and assumption agreement to acquire substantially all of the assets and substantially all of the deposits and certain other liabilities of Rockford Bank and Trust Company ("RB&T"), headquartered in Rockford, Illinois. RB&T is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Moline, Illinois-based QCR Holdings, Inc. As of September 30, 2019, RB&T had total assets of $519.5 million, which included $417.3 million of gross loans held to maturity, and $451.5 million of deposits. RB&T serves the Rockford market from two full-service banking locations. The all-cash transaction is subject to regulatory approval and to customary closing conditions and is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2019. The systems conversion is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2020.

Blue Valley Ban Corp.

On May 10, 2019, Heartland completed the acquisition of Blue Valley Ban Corp. ("BVBC") and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank of Blue Valley, headquartered in Overland Park, Kansas. Based on Heartland's closing common stock price of $44.78 per share on May 10, 2019, the aggregate consideration paid to BVBC common shareholders was $92.3 million, which was paid by delivery of 2,060,258 shares of Heartland common stock. On the closing date, in addition to this merger consideration, Heartland provided BVBC the funds necessary to repay outstanding debt of $6.9 million, and Heartland assumed $16.1 million of trust preferred securities at fair value. Immediately following the closing of the transaction, Bank of Blue Valley was merged with and into Heartland's wholly-owned Kansas subsidiary, Morrill & Janes Bank and Trust Company, and the combined entity operates under the Bank of Blue Valley brand. As of the closing date, BVBC had, at fair value, total assets of $766.2 million, total loans held to maturity of $542.0 million, and total deposits of $617.1 million. The transaction was a tax-free reorganization with respect to the stock consideration received by the stockholders of BVBC.

First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc.

On May 18, 2018, Heartland completed the acquisition of Lubbock, Texas based First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc. ("FBLB"), parent company of First Bank & Trust, and PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of First Bank & Trust. Under the terms of the definitive merger agreement, Heartland acquired FBLB in a transaction valued at approximately $189.9 million, of which $5.5 million was cash, and the remainder was settled by delivery of 3,350,664 shares of Heartland common stock. On the closing date, in addition to this merger consideration, Heartland provided FBLB the funds necessary to repay outstanding debt of $3.9 million, and Heartland assumed $8.2 million of trust preferred securities at fair value. Immediately after the close of the transaction, Heartland paid $13.3 million to the holders of FBLB's stock appreciation rights. The transaction included, at fair value, total assets of $1.12 billion, including $681.1 million of gross loans held to maturity, and deposits of $893.8 million. Upon closing of the transaction, First Bank & Trust became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Heartland and continues to operate under its current name and management team as Heartland's eleventh state-chartered bank. The transaction was a tax-free reorganization with respect to the stock consideration received by the stockholders of FBLB.

Signature Bancshares, Inc.

On February 23, 2018, Heartland completed the acquisition of Signature Bancshares, Inc., parent company of Signature Bank, headquartered in Minnetonka, Minnesota. Under the terms of the definitive merger agreement, Heartland acquired Signature Bancshares, Inc. in a transaction valued at approximately $61.4 million, of which $7.8 million was cash, and the remainder was settled by delivery of 1,000,843 shares of Heartland common stock. Simultaneous with the close, Signature Bank merged into Heartland's wholly-owned Minnesota Bank & Trust subsidiary, and the combined entity operates under the Minnesota Bank & Trust brand name. The transaction included, at fair value, total assets of $427.1 million, including $324.5 million of gross loans held to maturity, and deposits of $357.3 million. On the closing date, Heartland provided Signature Bancshares, Inc. the funds necessary to repay outstanding subordinated debt of $5.9 million. The transaction was a tax-free reorganization with respect to the stock consideration received by the stockholders of Signature Bancshares, Inc.

NOTE 3: SECURITIES

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair values of debt securities available for sale and equity securities with a readily determinable fair value that are carried at fair value as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, are summarized in the table below, in thousands:


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
September 30, 2019
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	8,900	$	50	$	—	$	8,950
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,465,561		28,381		(13,265)		2,480,677
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	500,222		13,915		(1,558)		512,579

Total debt securities	2,974,683		42,346		(14,823)		3,002,206
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	18,362		—		—		18,362
Total	$	2,993,045	$	42,346	$	(14,823)	$	3,020,568
December 31, 2018
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	32,075	$	3	$	(127)	$	31,951
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,061,358		3,740		(38,400)		2,026,698
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	382,101		919		(8,046)		374,974

Total debt securities	2,475,534		4,662		(46,573)		2,433,623
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	17,086		—		—		17,086
Total	$	2,492,620	$	4,662	$	(46,573)	$	2,450,709

On January 1, 2019, Heartland adopted ASU 2017-12, and as a result of the adoption, $148.0 million of held to maturity debt securities were transferred to debt securities available for sale. The securities were transferred at book value on the date of the transfer.

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values of held to maturity securities as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, are summarized in the table below, in thousands:


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
September 30, 2019

Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	87,965	$	9,940	$	—	$	97,905
Total	$	87,965	$	9,940	$	—	$	97,905
December 31, 2018

Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	236,283	$	9,554	$	(496)	$	245,341
Total	$	236,283	$	9,554	$	(496)	$	245,341

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities carried at fair value at September 30, 2019, by contractual maturity, are as follows, in thousands. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties.


	September 30, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in 1 year or less	$	22,717	$	22,750
Due in 1 to 5 years	23,369		23,725
Due in 5 to 10 years	76,723		79,411
Due after 10 years	386,313		395,643
Total debt securities	509,122		521,529
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,465,561		2,480,677
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	18,362		18,362
Total investment securities	$	2,993,045	$	3,020,568

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities held to maturity at September 30, 2019, by contractual maturity, are as follows, in thousands. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties.


	September 30, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in 1 year or less	$	2,403	$	2,443
Due in 1 to 5 years	15,153		15,690
Due in 5 to 10 years	58,936		64,695
Due after 10 years	11,473		15,077


Total investment securities	$	87,965	$	97,905

As of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, securities with a fair value of $431.5 million and $524.8 million, respectively, were pledged to secure public and trust deposits, short-term borrowings and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

Gross gains and losses realized related to the sales of securities carried at fair value for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, are summarized as follows, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Proceeds from sales	$	290,877	$	59,137	$	1,485,773	$	694,872
Gross security gains	2,371		67		10,301		3,537
Gross security losses	358		212		3,133		2,500

The following tables summarize, in thousands, the amount of unrealized losses, defined as the amount by which cost or amortized cost exceeds fair value, and the related fair value of investments with unrealized losses in Heartland's securities portfolio as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018. The investments were segregated into two categories: those that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months and those that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. The reference point for determining how long an investment was in an unrealized loss position was September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively. Securities for which Heartland has taken credit-related other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") write-downs are categorized as being "less than 12 months" or "12 months or longer" in a continuous loss position based on the point in time that the fair value declined to below the cost basis and not the period of time since the credit-related OTTI write-down.


Debt securities available for sale	Less than 12 months						12 months or longer						Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2019
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	976,443		(7,689)		255,827		(5,576)		1,232,270		(13,265)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	118,741		(1,525)		2,139		(33)		120,880		(1,558)



Total temporarily impaired securities	$	1,095,184	$	(9,214)	$	257,966	$	(5,609)	$	1,353,150	$	(14,823)
December 31, 2018
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	24,902	$	(83)	$	4,577	$	(44)	$	29,479	$	(127)
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	733,826		(9,060)		805,089		(29,340)		1,538,915		(38,400)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	34,990		(390)		258,143		(7,656)		293,133		(8,046)



Total temporarily impaired securities	$	793,718	$	(9,533)	$	1,067,809	$	(37,040)	$	1,861,527	$	(46,573)


Securities held to maturity	Less than 12 months						12 months or longer						Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2019

Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total temporarily impaired securities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2018

Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	10,802	$	(17)	$	19,508	$	(479)	$	30,310	$	(496)
Total temporarily impaired securities	$	10,802	$	(17)	$	19,508	$	(479)	$	30,310	$	(496)

Heartland reviews the investment securities portfolio on a quarterly basis to monitor its exposure to OTTI. A determination as to whether a security's decline in fair value is other-than-temporary takes into consideration numerous factors and the relative significance of any single factor can vary by security. Some factors Heartland may consider in the OTTI analysis include the length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position, changes in security ratings, financial condition of the issuer, as well as security and industry specific economic conditions. In addition, with regard to debt securities, Heartland may also evaluate payment structure, whether there are defaulted payments or expected defaults, prepayment speeds and the value of any underlying collateral. For certain debt securities in unrealized loss positions, Heartland prepares cash flow analyses to compare the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security.

The remaining unrealized losses on Heartland's mortgage and asset-backed securities are the result of changes in market interest rates or widening of market spreads subsequent to the initial purchase of the securities. The losses are not related to concerns regarding the underlying credit of the issuers or the underlying collateral. It is expected that the securities will not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates or widening market spreads and not credit quality, and because Heartland has the intent and ability to hold these investments until a market price recovery or to maturity and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before maturity, these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired.

The remaining unrealized losses on Heartland's obligations of states and political subdivisions are the result of changes in market interest rates or widening of market spreads subsequent to the initial purchase of the securities. Management monitors the published credit ratings of these securities and the stability of the underlying municipalities. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates or widening market spreads due to insurance company downgrades and not underlying credit quality, and because Heartland has the intent and ability to hold these investments until a market price recovery or to maturity and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before maturity, these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired.

There were no gross realized gains or losses on the sale of securities carried at fair value or held to maturity securities with OTTI write-downs for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, respectively.

Other investments, at cost, include equity securities without a readily determinable fair value, which totaled $29.0 million and $28.4 million at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, other investments at cost included shares of stock in the Federal Home Loan Banks (the "FHLBs") of Des Moines, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Topeka at an amortized cost of $14.9 million and $16.6 million, respectively.

The Heartland banks are required by federal law to maintain FHLB stock as members of the various FHLBs. These equity securities are "restricted" in that they can only be sold back to the respective institutions from which they were acquired or another member institution at par. Therefore, the FHLB stock is less liquid than other marketable equity securities, and the fair value approximates amortized cost. Heartland considers its FHLB stock as a long-term investment that provides access to competitive products and liquidity. Heartland evaluates impairment in these investments based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value and, at September 30, 2019, did not consider the investments to be other than temporarily impaired.

NOTE 4: LOANS

Loans as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, were as follows, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Loans receivable held to maturity:
Commercial	$	2,276,916	$	2,020,231
Commercial real estate	4,116,680		3,711,481
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	545,006		565,408
Residential real estate	589,793		673,603
Consumer	447,718		440,158
Gross loans receivable held to maturity	7,976,113		7,410,881
Unearned discount	(833)		(1,624)
Deferred loan fees	(3,672)		(1,560)
Total net loans receivable held to maturity	7,971,608		7,407,697






Allowance for loan losses	(66,222)		(61,963)
Loans receivable, net	$	7,905,386	$	7,345,734

Heartland has certain lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to provide for an acceptable level of credit risk. The board of directors reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management and the board with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans.

Heartland originates commercial and commercial real estate loans for a wide variety of business purposes, including lines of credit for capital and operating purposes and term loans for real estate and equipment purchases. Agricultural loans provide financing for capital improvements and farm operations, as well as livestock and machinery purchases. Residential mortgage loans are originated for the construction, purchase or refinancing of single family residential properties. Consumer loans include loans for motor vehicles, home improvement, home equity and personal lines of credit.

Under Heartland’s credit practices, a loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that Heartland will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loan impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except where more practical, impairment is measured at the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

The following table shows the balance in the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, and the related loan balances, disaggregated on the basis of impairment methodology, in thousands. Loans evaluated under ASC 310-10-35 include loans on nonaccrual status and troubled debt restructurings, which are individually evaluated for impairment, and other impaired loans deemed to have similar risk characteristics. All other loans are collectively evaluated for impairment under ASC 450-20. Heartland has made no significant changes to the accounting for the allowance for loan losses during the quarter ended September 30, 2019.


	Allowance For Loan Losses										Gross Loans Receivable Held to Maturity
	Ending Balance Under ASC 310-10-35		Ending Balance Under ASC 450-20		Total		Ending Balance Evaluated for Impairment Under ASC 310-10-35		Ending Balance Evaluated for Impairment Under ASC 450-20		Total
September 30, 2019
Commercial	$	6,124	$	19,161	$	25,285	$	23,355	$	2,253,561	$	2,276,916
Commercial real estate	308		29,073		29,381		19,913		4,096,767		4,116,680
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	1,084		4,267		5,351		20,073		524,933		545,006
Residential real estate	123		1,319		1,442		17,552		572,241		589,793
Consumer	475		4,288		4,763		5,100		442,618		447,718

Total	$	8,114	$	58,108	$	66,222	$	85,993	$	7,890,120	$	7,976,113
December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	5,733	$	18,772	$	24,505	$	24,202	$	1,996,029	$	2,020,231
Commercial real estate	218		25,320		25,538		14,388		3,697,093		3,711,481
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	686		4,267		4,953		15,951		549,457		565,408
Residential real estate	168		1,617		1,785		20,251		653,352		673,603
Consumer	749		4,433		5,182		7,004		433,154		440,158

Total	$	7,554	$	54,409	$	61,963	$	81,796	$	7,329,085	$	7,410,881

The following table presents nonaccrual loans, accruing loans past due 90 days or more and performing troubled debt restructured loans at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Nonaccrual loans	$	67,924	$	67,833
Nonaccrual troubled debt restructured loans	4,284		4,110
Total nonaccrual loans	$	72,208	$	71,943
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more	$	40	$	726
Performing troubled debt restructured loans	$	3,199	$	4,026

The following tables provide information on troubled debt restructured loans that were modified during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, dollars in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019								2018
	Number of Loans	Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment
Commercial	—	$	—	$	—	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Total commercial and commercial real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Residential real estate	—	—		—		1	92		94
Consumer	—	—		—		—	—		—
Total	—	$	—	$	—	1	$	92	$	94


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019								2018
	Number of Loans	Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment
Commercial	—	$	—	$	—	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Total commercial and commercial real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	—	—		—		—	—		—
Residential real estate	4	276		288		11	2,098		1,808
Consumer	—	—		—		—	—		—
Total	4	$	276	$	288	11	$	2,098	$	1,808

The pre-modification and post-modification recorded investment represents amounts as of the date of loan modification. The difference between the pre-modification investment and post-modification investment amounts on Heartland's residential real estate troubled debt restructured loans for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, is due to principal deferment collected from government guarantees and capitalized interest and escrow. At September 30, 2019, there were no commitments to extend credit to any of the borrowers with an existing troubled debt restructured loan.

The following table shows troubled debt restructured loans for which there was a payment default during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, that had been modified during the twelve-month period prior to default, in thousands:


	With Payment Defaults During the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019				2018
	Number of Loans	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment
Commercial	—	$	—	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	—	—		—	—
Total commercial and commercial real estate	—	—		—	—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	—	—		—	—
Residential real estate	—			4	418
Consumer	—	—		—	—
Total	—	$	—	4	$	418


	With Payment Defaults During the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019				2018
	Number of Loans	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment
Commercial	—	$	—	—	$	—
Commercial real estate	—	—		—	—
Total commercial and commercial real estate	—	—		—	—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	—	—		—	—
Residential real estate	3	253		10	1,598
Consumer	—	—		—	—
Total	3	$	253	10	$	1,598

Heartland's internal rating system is a series of grades reflecting management's risk assessment, based on its analysis of the borrower's financial condition. The "pass" category consists of all loans that are not in the "nonpass" category, categorized into a range of loan grades that reflect increasing, though still acceptable, risk. Movement of risk through the various grade levels in the pass category is monitored for early identification of credit deterioration. The "nonpass" category consists of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss loans. The "special mention" rating is attached to loans where the borrower exhibits negative trends in financial circumstances due to borrower specific or systemic conditions that, if left uncorrected, threaten the borrower's capacity to meet its debt obligations. The borrower is believed to have sufficient financial flexibility to react to and resolve its negative financial situation. These credits are closely monitored for improvement or deterioration. The "substandard" rating is assigned to loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower and that may be further at risk due to deterioration in the value of collateral pledged. Well-defined weaknesses jeopardize liquidation of the debt. These loans are still considered collectible; however, a distinct possibility exists that Heartland will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans may exhibit some or all of the following weaknesses: deteriorating financial trends, lack of earnings, inadequate debt service capacity, excessive debt and/or lack of liquidity. The "doubtful" rating is assigned to loans where identified weaknesses in the borrowers' ability to repay the loan make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. These borrowers are usually in default, lack liquidity and capital, as well as resources necessary to remain as an operating entity. Specific pending events, such as capital injections, liquidations or perfection of liens on additional collateral, may strengthen the credit, thus deferring the rating of the loan as "loss" until the exact status of the loan can be determined. The loss rating is assigned to loans considered uncollectible. Heartland had no loans classified as loss or doubtful as of September 30, 2019. Loans are placed on "nonaccrual" when management does not expect to collect payments of principal and interest in full or when principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection.

The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Pass		Nonpass		Total
September 30, 2019
Commercial	$	2,125,500	$	151,416	$	2,276,916
Commercial real estate	3,864,191		252,489		4,116,680
Total commercial and commercial real estate	5,989,691		403,905		6,393,596
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	426,383		118,623		545,006
Residential real estate	563,603		26,190		589,793
Consumer	435,407		12,311		447,718
Total gross loans receivable held to maturity	$	7,415,084	$	561,029	$	7,976,113
December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	1,880,579	$	139,652	$	2,020,231
Commercial real estate	3,524,344		187,137		3,711,481
Total commercial and commercial real estate	5,404,923		326,789		5,731,712
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	471,642		93,766		565,408
Residential real estate	645,478		28,125		673,603
Consumer	425,451		14,707		440,158
Total gross loans receivable held to maturity	$	6,947,494	$	463,387	$	7,410,881

The nonpass category in the table above is comprised of approximately 62% special mention loans and 38% substandard loans as of September 30, 2019. The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2019, was 13%. As of December 31, 2018, the nonpass category in the table above was comprised of approximately 52% special mention loans and 48% substandard loans. The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2018, was 16%. Loans delinquent 30 to 89 days as a percent of total loans were 0.28% at September 30, 2019, compared to 0.21% at December 31, 2018. Changes in credit risk are monitored on a continuous basis and changes in risk ratings are made when identified. All impaired loans are reviewed at least annually.

As of September 30, 2019, Heartland had $3.3 million of loans secured by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure.

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Heartland’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest income on any loan when, in the opinion of management, there is a reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of the interest and principal, normally when a loan is 90 days past due. When interest accruals are deemed uncollectible, interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and interest accrued in prior years is charged to the allowance for loan losses. A loan can be restored to accrual status if the borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the scheduled contractual interest and principal payments on the loan, and (1) all principal and interest amounts contractually due (including arrearages) are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time, and (2) that there is a sustained period of repayment performance (generally a minimum of six months) by the borrower in accordance with the scheduled contractual terms.

The following table sets forth information regarding Heartland's accruing and nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Accruing Loans
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Nonaccrual		Total Loans
September 30, 2019
Commercial	$	5,727	$	3,376	$	34	$	9,137	$	2,244,365	$	23,414	$	2,276,916
Commercial real estate	4,824		1,257		—		6,081		4,097,311		13,288		4,116,680
Total commercial and commercial real estate	10,551		4,633		34		15,218		6,341,676		36,702		6,393,596
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	3,144		24		—		3,168		521,910		19,928		545,006
Residential real estate	1,993		185		—		2,178		576,365		11,250		589,793
Consumer	1,411		537		6		1,954		441,436		4,328		447,718
Total gross loans receivable held to maturity	$	17,099	$	5,379	$	40	$	22,518	$	7,881,387	$	72,208	$	7,976,113
December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	2,574	$	205	$	—	$	2,779	$	1,991,525	$	25,927	$	2,020,231
Commercial real estate	4,819		—		726		5,545		3,694,259		11,677		3,711,481
Total commercial and commercial real estate	7,393		205		726		8,324		5,685,784		37,604		5,731,712
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	99		—		—		99		549,376		15,933		565,408
Residential real estate	5,147		49		—		5,196		655,329		13,078		673,603
Consumer	2,724		307		—		3,031		431,799		5,328		440,158
Total gross loans receivable held to maturity	$	15,363	$	561	$	726	$	16,650	$	7,322,288	$	71,943	$	7,410,881

The majority of Heartland's impaired loans are those that are nonaccrual, are past due 90 days or more and still accruing or have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. The following tables present the unpaid principal balance that was contractually due at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance recorded on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, any related allowance recorded for those loans as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the average outstanding loan balances recorded on the consolidated balance sheets during the three- and nine- months ended September 30, 2019, and year ended December 31, 2018, and the interest income recognized on

the impaired loans during the three- and nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, and year ended December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Unpaid Principal Balance		Loan Balance		Related Allowance Recorded		Quarter- to- Date Avg. Loan Balance		Quarter- to- Date Interest Income Recognized		Year- to- Date Avg. Loan Balance		Year- to- Date Interest Income Recognized
September 30, 2019
Impaired loans with a related allowance:
Commercial	$	11,025	$	11,015	$	6,124	$	11,399	$	—	$	11,630	$	9
Commercial real estate	1,751		1,751		308		1,596		6		1,386		17
Total commercial and commercial real estate	12,776		12,766		6,432		12,995		6		13,016		26
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	2,979		2,979		1,084		3,100		17		2,881		17
Residential real estate	999		999		123		1,086		3		1,157		3
Consumer	1,122		1,120		475		1,116		1		1,197		8
Total loans held to maturity	$	17,876	$	17,864	$	8,114	$	18,297	$	27	$	18,251	$	54
Impaired loans without a related allowance:
Commercial	$	14,752	$	12,340	$	—	$	13,529	$	186	$	12,989	$	627
Commercial real estate	18,243		18,162		—		18,897		88		16,897		215
Total commercial and commercial real estate	32,995		30,502		—		32,426		274		29,886		842
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	20,137		17,094		—		16,958		12		16,243		45
Residential real estate	16,578		16,553		—		16,612		69		17,362		220
Consumer	3,979		3,980		—		3,897		3		4,314		46
Total loans held to maturity	$	73,689	$	68,129	$	—	$	69,893	$	358	$	67,805	$	1,153
Total impaired loans held to maturity:
Commercial	$	25,777	$	23,355	$	6,124	$	24,928	$	186	$	24,619	$	636
Commercial real estate	19,994		19,913		308		20,493		94		18,283		232
Total commercial and commercial real estate	45,771		43,268		6,432		45,421		280		42,902		868
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	23,116		20,073		1,084		20,058		29		19,124		62
Residential real estate	17,577		17,552		123		17,698		72		18,519		223
Consumer	5,101		5,100		475		5,013		4		5,511		54
Total impaired loans held to maturity	$	91,565	$	85,993	$	8,114	$	88,190	$	385	$	86,056	$	1,207


	Unpaid Principal Balance		Loan Balance		Related Allowance Recorded		Year-to- Date Avg. Loan Balance		Year-to- Date Interest Income Recognized
December 31, 2018
Impaired loans with a related allowance:
Commercial	$	12,376	$	12,366	$	5,733	$	4,741	$	33
Commercial real estate	891		891		218		4,421		25
Total commercial and commercial real estate	13,267		13,257		5,951		9,162		58
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	1,718		1,718		686		2,165		2
Residential real estate	647		647		168		1,138		12
Consumer	1,373		1,373		749		2,934		29
Total loans held to maturity	$	17,005	$	16,995	$	7,554	$	15,399	$	101
Impaired loans without a related allowance:
Commercial	$	13,616	$	11,836	$	—	$	10,052	$	299
Commercial real estate	13,578		13,497		—		13,000		249
Total commercial and commercial real estate	27,194		25,333		—		23,052		548
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	16,836		14,233		—		14,781		5
Residential real estate	19,604		19,604		—		23,950		308
Consumer	5,631		5,631		—		5,117		97
Total loans held to maturity	$	69,265	$	64,801	$	—	$	66,900	$	958
Total impaired loans held to maturity:
Commercial	$	25,992	$	24,202	$	5,733	$	14,793	$	332
Commercial real estate	14,469		14,388		218		17,421		274
Total commercial and commercial real estate	40,461		38,590		5,951		32,214		606
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	18,554		15,951		686		16,946		7
Residential real estate	20,251		20,251		168		25,088		320
Consumer	7,004		7,004		749		8,051		126
Total impaired loans held to maturity	$	86,270	$	81,796	$	7,554	$	82,299	$	1,059

On May 10, 2019, Heartland completed the acquisition of Blue Valley Ban Corp., parent company of Bank of Blue Valley, headquartered in Overland Park, Kansas. As of May 10, 2019, Blue Valley Ban Corp. had gross loans of $558.4 million, and the estimated fair value of the loans acquired was $542.3 million.

On May 18, 2018, Heartland completed the acquisition of First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc., parent company of First Bank & Trust, headquartered in Lubbock, Texas. As of May 18, 2018, First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc. had gross loans of $696.9 million, and the estimated fair value of the loans acquired was $681.1 million.

On February 23, 2018, Heartland acquired Signature Bancshares, Inc., parent company of Signature Bank, based in Minnetonka, Minnesota. As of February 23, 2018, Signature Bancshares, Inc. had gross loans of $335.1 million and the estimated fair value of the loans acquired was $324.5 million.

Heartland uses the acquisition method of accounting for purchased loans in accordance with ASC 805, "Business Combinations." Purchased loans acquired in a business combination are recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date, but the purchaser cannot carry over the related allowance for loan losses. Purchased loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, "Loans and Debt Securities with Deteriorated Credit Quality," when the loans have evidence of credit deterioration since origination, and when at the date of the acquisition, it is probable that Heartland will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Evidence of credit quality deterioration at the purchase date includes statistics such as past due and nonaccrual status. Generally, acquired loans that meet Heartland’s definition for nonaccrual status fall within the scope of ASC 310-30. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference, which is included in the carrying value of the loans. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows of the loan will generally result in a provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges, or a reclassification of the difference

from nonaccretable to accretable with a positive impact on future interest income. Further, any excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows.

At September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the carrying amount of loans acquired since 2015 consist of purchased impaired and nonimpaired purchased loans as summarized in the following table, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019										December 31, 2018
	Impaired Purchased Loans		Non Impaired Purchased Loans		Total Purchased Loans		Impaired Purchased Loans		Non Impaired Purchased Loans		Total Purchased Loans
Commercial	$	6,744	$	260,192	$	266,936	$	3,801	$	243,693	$	247,494
Commercial real estate	3,260		1,086,336		1,089,596		158		1,098,171		1,098,329
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	—		9,827		9,827		—		27,115		27,115
Residential real estate	—		157,575		157,575		231		184,389		184,620
Consumer loans	—		85,918		85,918		—		75,773		75,773
Total covered loans	$	10,004	$	1,599,848	$	1,609,852	$	4,190	$	1,629,141	$	1,633,331

Changes in accretable yield on acquired loans with evidence of credit deterioration at the date of acquisition for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, were as follows, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	(184)	$	463	$	227	$	57
Original yield discount, net, at date of acquisition	—		—		27		508
Accretion	(1,438)		(93)		(2,546)		(943)
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference⁽¹⁾	1,687		186		2,357		934
Balance at period end	$	65	$	556	$	65	$	556

(1) Represents increases in estimated cash flows expected to be received, primarily due to lower estimated credit losses.

For loans acquired since January 2015, on the acquisition dates the preliminary estimate of the contractually required payments receivable for all loans with evidence of credit deterioration since origination was $44.6 million, and the estimated fair value of these loans was $28.2 million. At September 30, 2019, a majority of these loans were valued based upon the liquidation value of the underlying collateral, because the expected cash flows are primarily based on the liquidation of such collateral, and the timing and amount of the cash flows could not be reasonably estimated. At September 30, 2019, there was $103,000 of allowance recorded and $57,000 of allowance recorded at December 31, 2018, related to these ASC 310-30 loans. Provision expense of $39,000 and $675,000 was recorded for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

For loans acquired since January 2015, the preliminary estimate on the acquisition dates of the contractually required payments receivable for all nonimpaired loans acquired was $4.22 billion, and the estimated fair value of the loans was $4.12 billion.

NOTE 5: ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, were as follows, in thousands:


	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agricultural and Agricultural Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	24,082	$	27,300	$	6,049	$	1,572	$	4,847	$	63,850
Charge-offs	(2,175)		(135)		(1,670)		(3)		(859)		(4,842)
Recoveries	1,273		204		198		25		313		2,013
Provision	2,105		2,012		774		(152)		462		5,201
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	25,285	$	29,381	$	5,351	$	1,442	$	4,763	$	66,222

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agricultural and Agricultural Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	24,505	$	25,538	$	4,953	$	1,785	$	5,182	$	61,963
Charge-offs	(6,506)		(295)		(2,098)		(316)		(2,357)		(11,572)
Recoveries	1,642		381		533		72		1,449		4,077
Provision	5,644		3,757		1,963		(99)		489		11,754
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	25,285	$	29,381	$	5,351	$	1,442	$	4,763	$	66,222


	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agricultural and Agricultural Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	20,709	$	23,727	$	5,709	$	1,857	$	9,322	$	61,324
Charge-offs	(2,945)		(199)		(1,145)		—		(1,831)		(6,120)
Recoveries	158		242		—		1		378		779
Provision	4,147		(80)		2		(8)		1,177		5,238
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	22,069	$	23,690	$	4,566	$	1,850	$	9,046	$	61,221

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agricultural and Agricultural Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	18,098	$	21,950	$	4,258	$	2,224	$	9,156	$	55,686
Charge-offs	(4,717)		(761)		(1,357)		(211)		(4,462)		(11,508)
Recoveries	562		1,013		14		77		1,045		2,711
Provision	8,126		1,488		1,651		(240)		3,307		14,332
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	22,069	$	23,690	$	4,566	$	1,850	$	9,046	$	61,221

Management allocates the allowance for loan losses by pools of risk within each loan portfolio. The allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan portfolio is made for analytical purposes and is not necessarily indicative of the trend of future loan losses in any particular category. The total allowance for loan losses is available to absorb losses from any segment of the loan portfolio.

NOTE 6: GOODWILL, CORE DEPOSIT PREMIUM AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Heartland had goodwill of $427.1 million at September 30, 2019, and $391.7 million at December 31, 2018. Heartland conducts its annual internal assessment of the goodwill both at the consolidated level and at its subsidiaries as of September 30. There was no goodwill impairment as of the most recent assessment.

Heartland recorded $35.4 million of goodwill and $11.4 million of core deposit intangibles in connection with the acquisition of Blue Valley Ban Corp., parent company of Bank of Blue Valley, headquartered in Overland Park, Kansas on May 10, 2019.

Heartland recorded $121.4 million of goodwill and $13.9 million of core deposit intangibles in connection with the acquisition of First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc., parent company of First Bank & Trust Company, headquartered in Lubbock, Texas on May 18, 2018.

Heartland recorded $33.7 million of goodwill and $7.7 million of core deposit intangibles in connection with the acquisition of Signature Bancshares, Inc., parent company of Signature Bank, headquartered in Minnetonka, Minnesota on February 23, 2018.

The core deposit intangibles recorded with the Blue Valley Ban Corp., First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc. and Signature Bancshares, Inc. acquisitions are not deductible for tax purposes and are expected to be amortized over a period of 10 years on an accelerated basis.

Goodwill related to the Blue Valley Ban Corp., First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc., and Signature Bancshares, Inc. acquisitions resulted from expected operational synergies, increased market presence, cross-selling opportunities, and expanded business lines and is not deductible for tax purposes.

Heartland's intangible assets consist of core deposit intangibles, mortgage servicing rights, customer relationship intangibles, and commercial servicing rights. The gross carrying amount of these intangible assets and the associated accumulated amortization at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, are presented in the table below, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019										December 31, 2018
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Amortizing intangible assets:
Core deposit intangibles	$	95,033	$	45,428	$	49,605	$	83,640	$	36,403	$	47,237
Customer relationship intangibles	1,177		963		214		1,177		935		242
Mortgage servicing rights	7,584		2,562		5,022		42,228		12,865		29,363
Commercial servicing rights	6,936		5,687		1,249		6,834		5,125		1,709
Total	$	110,730	$	54,640	$	56,090	$	133,879	$	55,328	$	78,551

On April 30, 2019, Dubuque Bank and Trust Company closed on the sale of substantially all its servicing rights portfolio, which contained loans with an unpaid principal balance of $3.31 billion to PNC Bank, N.A. The transaction qualified as a sale, and $20.6 million of mortgage servicing rights were de-recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019. Cash of approximately $34.8 million was received during the second quarter, and Heartland recorded an estimated gain on the sale of this portfolio of approximately $13.3 million. A payable of approximately $293,000 was recorded as of September 30, 2019, due to the timing of the servicing transfer per the terms of the sale agreement. In the agreement, which includes customary terms and conditions, Dubuque Bank and Trust Company provided interim servicing of the loans until the transfer date, which was August 1, 2019.

The following table shows the estimated future amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets, in thousands:


	Core Deposit Intangibles		Customer Relationship Intangibles		Mortgage Servicing Rights		Commercial Servicing Rights		Total
Three months ending December 31, 2019	$	2,908	$	9	$	472	$	89	$	3,478
Year ending December 31,
2020	10,159		36		1,137		311		11,643
2021	8,462		35		975		275		9,747
2022	6,898		35		813		240		7,986
2023	6,019		34		649		158		6,860
2024	4,945		33		488		86		5,552
Thereafter	10,214		32		488		90		10,824
Total	$	49,605	$	214	$	5,022	$	1,249	$	56,090

Projections of amortization expense for mortgage servicing rights are based on existing asset balances and the existing interest rate environment as of September 30, 2019. Heartland's actual experience may be significantly different depending upon changes in mortgage interest rates and market conditions. Mortgage loans serviced for others at First Bank & Trust were approximately $621.5 million at September 30, 2019 compared to $648.9 million at December 31, 2018. Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with the mortgage loan servicing portfolio at First Bank & Trust were approximately $16.3 million at September 30, 2019 and $5.9 million at December 31, 2018.

Heartland transferred custodial escrow balances totaling $22.9 million to PNC Bank, N.A. in conjunction with the transfer of the mortgage servicing rights portfolio on August 1, 2019. Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with the mortgage loan servicing portfolio at Dubuque Bank and Trust Company totaled $17.7 million at December 31, 2018.

At September 30, 2019, the fair value of the mortgage servicing rights at First Bank & Trust was estimated at $5.0 million compared to $7.1 million at December 31, 2018.

The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is calculated based upon a discounted cash flow analysis. Cash flow assumptions, including prepayment speeds, servicing costs and escrow earnings of First Bank & Trust's mortgage servicing rights are considered in the calculation. The average constant prepayment rate was 16.40% for the September 30, 2019 valuation compared to 10.30% for the December 31, 2018 valuation. The discount rate was 9.03% for both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 valuations. The average capitalization rate for the first nine months of 2019 ranged from 80 to 98 basis points compared to a range of 93 to 117 basis points for 2018 since acquisition on May 18, 2018. Fees collected for the servicing of mortgage loans for others were $422,000 and $2.6 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively, and $1.3 million and $7.3 million for the nine-months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018.

The following table summarizes, in thousands, the changes in capitalized mortgage servicing rights for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018:


	2019			2018
Balance at January 1,	$	29,363		$	23,248
Originations	654			4,322
Amortization	(2,867)			(4,394)

Sale of mortgage servicing rights	(20,556)			—
Acquired mortgage servicing rights	—			6,995
Valuation allowance	(1,572)			—
Balance at period end	$	5,022		$	30,171

Mortgage servicing rights, net to servicing portfolio	0.81		%	0.73		%

Heartland's commercial servicing portfolio is comprised of loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration and United States Department of Agriculture that have been sold with servicing retained by Heartland, which totaled $87.0 million at

September 30, 2019 and $107.4 million at December 31, 2018. The commercial servicing rights portfolio is separated into two tranches at the respective Heartland subsidiary, loans with a term of less than 20 years and loans with a term of more than 20 years. Fees collected for the servicing of commercial loans for others were $216,000 and $401,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively, and $826,000 and $1.2 million for the nine-months ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, respectively.

The fair value of each commercial servicing rights portfolio is calculated based upon a discounted cash flow analysis. Cash flow assumptions, including prepayment speeds and servicing costs, are considered in the calculation. The range of average constant prepayment rates for the valuations was 13.11% to 16.60% as of September 30, 2019, compared to 11.01% to 13.50% as of December 31, 2018. The discount rate range was 9.77% to 14.41% for the September 30, 2019, valuations compared to 13.44% to 16.96% for the December 31, 2018, valuations. The capitalization rate for both 2019 and 2018 ranged from 310 to 445 basis points. The total fair value of Heartland's commercial servicing rights was estimated at $1.8 million as of September 30, 2019, and $2.1 million as of December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes, in thousands, the changes in capitalized commercial servicing rights for the nine-months ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018:


	2019			2018
Balance at January 1,	$	1,709		$	2,609

Originations	102			82
Amortization	(555)			(835)
Valuation allowance on commercial servicing rights	(7)			12
Balance at period end	$	1,249		$	1,868
Fair value of commercial servicing rights	$	1,827		$	2,529
Commercial servicing rights, net to servicing portfolio	1.44		%	1.63		%

Mortgage and commercial servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value in net gains on sale of loans held for sale when they are acquired through loan sales. Fair value is based on market prices for comparable servicing contracts, when available, or based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income.

Mortgage and commercial servicing rights are subsequently measured using the amortization method, which requires the asset to be amortized into noninterest income in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying loans. Servicing rights are evaluated for impairment at each Heartland subsidiary based upon the fair value of the assets as compared to the carrying amount. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance for specific tranches to the extent that fair value is less than carrying amount at each Heartland subsidiary. At September 30, 2019, a $1.6 million valuation allowance was required on mortgage servicing rights and at December 31, 2018, a $58,000 valuation allowance was required on mortgage servicing rights. At September 30, 2019, a $7,000 valuation allowance was required on commercial servicing rights with a term less than 20 years and no valuation allowance was required on commercial servicing rights with a term greater than 20 years. At December 31, 2018, no valuation allowance was required on commercial servicing rights with a term less than 20 years and no valuation allowance was required on commercial servicing rights with a term greater than 20 years.

The following table summarizes, in thousands, the book value, the fair value of each tranche of the mortgage servicing rights and any recorded valuation allowance at each respective subsidiary at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:


September 30, 2019	Book Value 15-Year Tranche		Fair Value 15-Year Tranche		Impairment 15-Year Tranche		Book Value 30-Year Tranche		Fair Value 30-Year Tranche		Impairment 30-Year Tranche
Dubuque Bank and Trust Company	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
First Bank & Trust	1,511		1,267		244		5,140		3,755		1,385
Total	$	1,511	$	1,267	$	244	$	5,140	$	3,755	$	1,385
December 31, 2018
Dubuque Bank and Trust Company	$	2,195	$	4,636	$	—	$	20,025	$	36,901	$	—
First Bank & Trust	1,685		1,665		20		5,516		5,478		38
Total	$	3,880	$	6,301	$	20	$	25,541	$	42,379	$	38

The following table summarizes, in thousands, the book value, the fair value of each tranche of the commercial servicing rights and any recorded valuation allowance at each respective subsidiary at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:


September 30, 2019	Book Value Less than 20 Years		Fair Value Less than 20 Years		Impairment Less than 20 Years		Book Value More than 20 Years		Fair Value More than 20 Years		Impairment More than 20 Years
Citywide Banks	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Premier Valley Bank	24		17		7		149		167		—
Wisconsin Bank & Trust	155		331		—		928		1,311		—
Total	$	179	$	348	$	7	$	1,077	$	1,478	$	—
December 31, 2018
Citywide Banks	$	1	$	6	$	—	$	18	$	20	$	—
Premier Valley Bank	45		74		—		178		184		—
Wisconsin Bank & Trust	249		411		—		1,218		1,439		—
Total	$	295	$	491	$	—	$	1,414	$	1,643	$	—

NOTE 7: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Heartland uses derivative financial instruments as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. As part of the strategy, Heartland considers the use of interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars, and certain interest rate lock commitments and forward sales of securities related to mortgage banking activities. Heartland's current strategy includes the use of interest rate swaps, interest rate lock commitments and forward sales of mortgage securities. In addition, Heartland is facilitating back-to-back loan swaps to assist customers in managing interest rate risk. Heartland's objectives are to add stability to its net interest margin and to manage its exposure to movements in interest rates. The contract or notional amount of a derivative is used to determine, along with the other terms of the derivative, the amounts to be exchanged between the counterparties. Heartland is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to financial instruments. Heartland minimizes this risk by entering into derivative contracts with counterparties that meet Heartland’s credit standards, and the contracts contain collateral provisions protecting the at-risk party. Heartland has not experienced any losses from nonperformance by these counterparties. Heartland monitors counterparty risk in accordance with the provisions of ASC 815.

In addition, interest rate-related derivative instruments generally contain language outlining collateral pledging requirements for each counterparty. Collateral must be posted when the market value exceeds certain threshold limits which are determined by credit ratings of each counterparty. Heartland was required to pledge $2.2 million cash as collateral at September 30, 2019 compared to no collateral at December 31, 2018. At September 30, 2019, no collateral was required to be pledged by Heartland's counterparties, compared to $770,000 collateral at December 31, 2018.

Heartland's derivative and hedging instruments are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 8, “Fair Value,” for additional fair value information and disclosures.

Cash Flow Hedges

Heartland has variable rate funding which creates exposure to variability in interest payments due to changes in interest rates. To manage the interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments, Heartland has entered into various interest rate swap agreements. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are received or made on Heartland's variable-rate liabilities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the change in net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges reflects changes in the fair value of the swaps and reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense totaling $299,000. For the next twelve months, Heartland estimates that cash receipts and reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to reduce interest expense will total $134,000.

Heartland entered into six forward starting interest rate swap transactions to effectively convert Heartland Financial Statutory Trust IV, V, VI, and VII, which total $85.0 million, as well as Morrill Statutory Trust I and II, which total $20.0 million, from variable rate subordinated debentures to fixed rate debt. For accounting purposes, these six swap transactions are designated as cash flow hedges of the changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, associated with the interest payments made on $105.0 million of Heartland's subordinated debentures that reset quarterly on a specified reset date. At inception, Heartland asserted that the underlying principal balance would remain outstanding throughout the hedge transaction, making it probable that sufficient LIBOR-based interest payments would exist through the maturity date of the swaps. During the first quarter of 2019, the interest rate swap transactions associated with Morrill Statutory Trust I and II, totaling $20.0 million, matured and the fixed rate debt has been converted to variable rate subordinated debentures.

On May 18, 2018, Heartland acquired cash flow hedges related to OCGI Statutory Trust III and OCGI Capital Trust IV with notional amounts of $3.0 million and $6.0 million, respectively, in the First Bank Lubbock Bancshares, Inc. transaction. The cash flow hedges effectively convert OCGI Statutory Trust III and OGCI Capital Trust IV from variable rate subordinated debentures to fixed rate debt. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges of the changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, associated with the interest payments made on $9.0 million of Heartland's subordinated debentures that reset quarterly on a specified reset date.

The table below identifies the balance sheet category and fair values of Heartland's derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Category	Receive Rate		Weighted Average Pay Rate		Maturity
September 30, 2019

Interest rate swap	$	25,000	$	(202)	Other liabilities	2.139	%	2.255	%	03/17/2021

Interest rate swap	20,000		(119)		Other liabilities	2.303		3.355		01/07/2020


Interest rate swap	26,667		154		Other assets	4.549		3.674		05/10/2021
Interest rate swap	26,500		(1,726)		Other liabilities	4.537		5.425		07/24/2028
Interest rate swap	20,000		(828)		Other liabilities	2.119		2.390		06/15/2024
Interest rate swap	20,000		(754)		Other liabilities	2.138		2.352		03/01/2024
Interest rate swap	6,000		(21)		Other liabilities	2.119		1.866		06/15/2021
Interest rate swap	3,000		(13)		Other liabilities	2.303		1.878		06/30/2021
December 31, 2018
Interest rate swap	$	25,000	$	191	Other assets	2.788	%	2.255	%	03/17/2021
Interest rate swap	20,000		(177)		Other liabilities	2.408		3.355		01/07/2020
Interest rate swap	10,000		29		Other assets	2.822		1.674		03/26/2019
Interest rate swap	10,000		28		Other assets	2.788		1.658		03/18/2019
Interest rate swap	29,667		763		Other assets	4.887		3.674		05/10/2021
Interest rate swap	28,750		(572)		Other liabilities	5.004		5.425		07/24/2028
Interest rate swap	20,000		157		Other assets	2.788		2.390		06/15/2024
Interest rate swap	20,000		185		Other assets	2.738		2.352		03/01/2024
Interest rate swap	6,000		105		Other Assets	2.788		1.866		06/15/2021
Interest rate swap	3,000		51		Other assets	2.787		1.878		06/30/2021

The table below identifies the gains and losses recognized on Heartland's derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, in thousands:


	Effective Portion								Ineffective Portion
	Recognized in OCI		Reclassified from AOCI into Income				Recognized in Income on Derivatives
	Amount of Gain (Loss)		Category	Amount of Gain (Loss)		Category	Amount of Gain (Loss)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019












Interest rate swaps	$	(766)	Interest expense	$	(31)	Other income	$	—
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019












Interest rate swaps	$	(4,269)	Interest expense	$	(296)	Other income	$	—
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018










Interest rate swaps	$	375	Interest expense	$	21	Other income	$	—
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018










Interest rate swaps	$	3,198	Interest expense	$	(207)	Other income	$	—

Fair Value Hedges

Heartland uses interest rate swaps to convert certain long term fixed rate loans to floating rates to hedge interest rate risk exposure. Heartland uses hedge accounting in accordance with ASC 815, with the unrealized gains and losses, representing the change in fair value of the derivative and the change in fair value of the risk being hedged on the related loan, being recorded in the consolidated statements of income. The ineffective portions of the unrealized gains or losses, if any, are recorded in interest income and interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. Heartland uses statistical regression to assess hedge effectiveness, both at the inception of the hedge as well as on a continual basis. The regression analysis involves regressing the

periodic change in the fair value of the hedging instrument against the periodic changes in the fair value of the asset being hedged due to changes in the hedge risk.

Heartland was required to pledge $3.4 million and $2.5 million of cash as collateral for these fair value hedges at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively.

The table below identifies the notional amount, fair value and balance sheet category of Heartland's fair value hedges at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Category
September 30, 2019
Fair value hedges	$	—	$	—	Other assets
Fair value hedges	21,349		(1,818)		Other liabilities
December 31, 2018
Fair value hedges	$	19,820	$	74	Other assets
Fair value hedges	15,064		$	(339)	Other liabilities

The table below identifies the gains and losses recognized on Heartland's fair value hedges for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, in thousands:

Amount of Gain (Loss)

Income Statement Category

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Fair value hedges

(263)

Interest income

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Fair value hedges

(1,553)

Interest income

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

Fair value hedges

179

Interest income

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

Fair value hedges

1,423

Interest income

Embedded Derivatives

Heartland has fixed rate loans with embedded derivatives. The loans contain terms that affect the cash flows or value of the loan similar to a derivative instrument, and therefore are considered to contain an embedded derivative. The embedded derivatives are bifurcated from the loans because the terms of the derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the loans. The embedded derivatives are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets as a part of other assets, and changes in the fair value are a component of noninterest income. The table below identifies the notional amount, fair value and balance sheet category of Heartland's embedded derivatives at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Category
September 30, 2019
Embedded derivatives	$	11,742	$	717	Other assets
Embedded derivatives	—		—		Other liabilities
December 31, 2018
Embedded derivatives	$	11,266	$	453	Other assets
Embedded derivatives	2,231		(54)		Other liabilities

The table below identifies the gains and losses recognized on Heartland's embedded derivatives for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, in thousands:

Amount of Gain (Loss)

Income Statement Category

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

Embedded derivatives

1,389

Other noninterest income

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

Embedded derivatives

318

Other noninterest income

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018

Embedded derivatives

108

Other noninterest income

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

Embedded derivatives

523

Other noninterest income

Back-to-Back Loan Swaps

Heartland has interest rate swap loan relationships with customers to meet their financing needs. Upon entering into these loan swaps, Heartland enters into offsetting positions with counterparties in order to minimize interest rate risk. These back-to-back loan swaps qualify as free standing financial derivatives with the fair values reported in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Heartland was required to post $25.2 million and $2.0 million as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, as collateral related to these back-to-back swaps. Heartland's counterparties were required to pledge $0 at September 30, 2019, and $680,000 at December 31, 2018. Any gains and losses on these back-to-back swaps are recorded in noninterest income on the consolidated statements of income, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, no gain or loss was recognized. The table below identifies the balance sheet category and fair values of Heartland's derivative instruments designated as loan swaps at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Balance Sheet Category	Weighted Average Receive Rate		Weighted Average Pay Rate
September 30, 2019
Customer interest rate swaps	$	320,994	$	21,281	Other assets	4.72	%	4.32	%
Customer interest rate swaps	320,994		(21,281)		Other liabilities	4.32		4.72
December 31, 2018
Customer interest rate swaps	$	211,246	$	4,449	Other assets	5.10	%	4.96	%
Customer interest rate swaps	211,246		(4,449)		Other liabilities	4.96		5.10

Other Free Standing Derivatives

Heartland has entered into interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale and forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans and mortgage backed securities that are considered derivative instruments. Heartland enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of residential mortgage loans when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of future changes in interest rates on the commitments to fund the loans as well as on residential mortgage loans available for sale. The fair value of these commitments is recorded on the consolidated balance sheets, with the changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of income as a component of gains on sale of loans held for sale. These derivative contracts are designated as free standing derivative contracts and are not designated against specific assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets or forecasted transactions and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Heartland was required to pledge collateral of $0 at September 30, 2019, and $35,000 at December 31, 2018. Heartland's counterparties were required to pledge no collateral at both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as collateral for these forward commitments.

Heartland acquired undesignated interest rate swaps in 2015. These swaps were entered into primarily for the benefit of customers seeking to manage their interest rate risk and are not designated against specific assets or liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet or forecasted transactions and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting in accordance with ASC 815. These swaps are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets as a component of other liabilities, with changes in the fair value recorded as a component of other noninterest income.

The table below identifies the balance sheet category and fair values of Heartland's other free standing derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	Balance Sheet Category	Notional Amount		Fair Value
September 30, 2019
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Other assets	$	29,816	$	970

Forward commitments	Other assets	18,000		64
Forward commitments	Other liabilities	48,500		(209)
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other liabilities	11,742		(717)
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other assets	—		—
December 31, 2018
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Other assets	$	22,451	$	725

Forward commitments	Other assets	—		—
Forward commitments	Other liabilities	51,500		(399)
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other liabilities	11,266		(453)
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other assets	2,231		54

The table below identifies the income statement category of the gains and losses recognized in income on Heartland's other free standing derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, in thousands:


	Income Statement Category	Gain (Loss) Recognized
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	$	(255)
Forward commitments	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	283
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other noninterest income	(1,389)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	$	561
Forward commitments	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	255
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other noninterest income	(318)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	$	(4,470)
Forward commitments	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	644
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other noninterest income	108
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Interest rate lock commitments (mortgage)	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	$	(1,849)

Forward commitments	Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	352
Undesignated interest rate swaps	Other noninterest income	523

NOTE 8: FAIR VALUE

Heartland utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities carried at fair value, which include available for sale, trading securities and equity securities with a readily determinable fair value, and derivatives are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, Heartland may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis such as loans held for sale, loans held to maturity and certain other assets including, but not limited to, mortgage servicing rights, commercial servicing rights and other real estate owned. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of the lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Fair Value Hierarchy

Under ASC 820, assets and liabilities are grouped at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level 3 — Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis.

Assets

Securities Available for Sale and Held to Maturity

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Securities held to maturity are generally recorded at cost and are recorded at fair value only to the extent a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security's credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, as well as U.S. Treasury securities. Level 2 securities include U.S. government and agency securities, mortgage and asset-backed securities and private collateralized mortgage obligations, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. On a quarterly basis, a secondary independent pricing service is used for the securities portfolio to validate the pricing from Heartland's primary pricing service.

Equity Securities with a Readily Determinable Fair Value

Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value generally include Community Reinvestment Act mutual funds and are classified as Level 2 due to the infrequent trading of these securities. The fair value is based on the price per share.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value on an aggregate basis. The fair value of loans held for sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics. As such, Heartland classifies loans held for sale subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as Level 2.

Loans Held to Maturity

Heartland does not record loans held to maturity at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allowance for loan losses is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with ASC 310. The fair value of impaired loans is measured using one of the following impairment methods: 1) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or 2) the observable market price of the loan or 3) the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. In accordance with ASC 820, impaired loans measured at fair value are classified as nonrecurring Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Premises, Furniture and Equipment Held for Sale

Heartland values premises, furniture and equipment held for sale based on third-party appraisals less estimated disposal costs. Heartland considers third party appraisals, as well as independent fair value assessments from Realtors or persons involved in selling bank premises, furniture and equipment, in determining the fair value of particular properties. Accordingly, the valuation of premises, furniture and equipment held for sale is subject to significant external and internal judgment. Heartland periodically reviews premises, furniture and equipment held for sale to determine if the fair value of the property, less disposal costs, has declined below its recorded book value and records any adjustments accordingly. Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale are classified as nonrecurring Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights assets represent the value associated with servicing residential real estate loans that have been sold to outside investors with servicing retained. The fair value for servicing assets is determined through discounted cash flow analysis and utilizes discount rates, prepayment speeds and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs. All of the assumptions in the discounted cash flow analysis require a significant degree of management estimation and judgment. Mortgage servicing rights are subject to impairment testing. The carrying values of these rights are reviewed quarterly for impairment based upon the calculation of fair value as performed by an outside third party. For purposes of measuring impairment, the rights are stratified into certain risk characteristics including note type and note term. If the valuation model reflects a fair value less than the carrying value, mortgage servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance. Heartland classifies mortgage servicing rights as nonrecurring with Level 3 measurement inputs.

Commercial Servicing Rights

Commercial servicing rights assets represent the value associated with servicing commercial loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration and the United States Department of Agriculture that have been sold with servicing retained by Heartland. Heartland uses the amortization method (i.e., the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value measured on a nonrecurring basis), not fair value measurement accounting, to determine the carrying value of its commercial servicing rights. The fair value for servicing assets is determined through market prices for comparable servicing contracts, when available, or through a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. Inputs utilized include discount rates, prepayment speeds and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs. All of these assumptions require a significant degree of management estimation and judgment. Commercial servicing rights are subject to impairment testing, and the carrying values of these rights are reviewed quarterly for impairment based upon the calculation of fair value as performed by an outside third party. If the valuation model reflects a fair value less than the carrying value, commercial servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance. Heartland classifies commercial servicing rights as nonrecurring with Level 3 measurement inputs.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Heartland's current interest rate risk strategy includes interest rate swaps. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. To comply with the provisions of ASC 820, Heartland incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, Heartland has considered the impact of netting any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.

Although Heartland has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. However, as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, Heartland has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. As a result, Heartland has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Interest rate lock commitments

Heartland uses an internal valuation model that relies on internally developed inputs to estimate the fair value of its interest rate lock commitments which is based on unobservable inputs that reflect management's assumptions and specific information about each borrower. Interest rate lock commitments are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Forward commitments

The fair value of forward commitments are estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes current trade pricing for similar financial instruments in active markets that Heartland has the ability to access and are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned ("OREO") represents property acquired through foreclosures and settlements of loans. Property acquired is carried at the fair value of the property at the time of acquisition (representing the property's cost basis), plus any acquisition costs, or the estimated fair value of the property, less disposal costs. Heartland considers third party appraisals, as well as independent fair value assessments from realtors or persons involved in selling OREO, in determining the fair value of particular properties. Accordingly, the valuation of OREO is subject to significant external and internal judgment. Heartland

periodically reviews OREO to determine if the fair value of the property, less disposal costs, has declined below its recorded book value and records any adjustments accordingly. OREO is classified as nonrecurring Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The table below presents Heartland's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:


	Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2019
Assets

Securities available for sale
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	8,950	$	7,497	$	1,453	$	—
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,480,677		—		2,480,677		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	512,579		—		512,579		—

Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	18,362		—		18,362		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	22,152		—		22,152		—
Interest rate lock commitments	970		—		—		970
Forward commitments	64		—		64		—
Total assets at fair value	$	3,043,754	$	7,497	$	3,035,287	$	970
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments⁽²⁾	$	27,479	$	—	$	27,479	$	—
Forward commitments	209		—		209		—

Total liabilities at fair value	$	27,688	$	—	$	27,688	$	—
December 31, 2018
Assets

Securities available for sale
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	31,951	$	25,414	$	6,537	$	—
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,026,698		—		2,026,698		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	374,974		—		374,974		—

Equity securities	17,086		—		17,086		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	6,539		—		6,539		—
Interest rate lock commitments	725		—		—		725

Total assets at fair value	$	2,457,973	$	25,414	$	2,431,834	$	725
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments⁽²⁾	$	6,044	$	—	$	6,044	$	—
Forward commitments	399		—		399		—

Total liabilities at fair value	$	6,443	$	—	$	6,443	$	—

(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps, fair value hedges, free standing derivative instruments and cash flow hedges.
(2) Includes cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, back-to-back loan swaps, embedded derivatives and free standing derivative instruments.

The tables below present Heartland's assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, in thousands:


	Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2019
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Year-to- Date (Gains) Losses
Collateral dependent impaired loans:
Commercial	$	10,767	$	—	$	—	$	10,767	$	1,098
Commercial real estate	1,088		—		—		1,088		72
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	11,536		—		—		11,536		1,015
Residential real estate	1,042		—		—		1,042		24
Consumer	645		—		—		645		—
Total collateral dependent impaired loans	$	25,078	$	—	$	—	$	25,078	$	2,209
Loans held for sale	$	35,427	$	—	$	35,427	$	—	$	(1,234)
Other real estate owned	$	6,425	$	—	$	—	$	6,425	$	880
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	$	3,251	$	—	$	—	$	3,251	$	954
Servicing rights	$	5,039	$	—	$	—	$	5,039	$	1,579


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Year-to- Date (Gains) Losses
Collateral dependent impaired loans:
Commercial	$	12,932	$	—	$	—	$	12,932	$	660
Commercial real estate	405		—		—		405		72
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	11,070		—		—		11,070		575
Residential real estate	478		—		—		478		—
Consumer	624		—		—		624		—
Total collateral dependent impaired loans	$	25,509	$	—	$	—	$	25,509	$	1,307
Loans held for sale	$	119,801	$	—	$	52,577	$	67,224	$	(1,870)

Other real estate owned	$	6,153	$	—	$	—	$	6,153	$	2,647
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	$	7,258	$	—	$	—	$	7,258	$	59
Servicing rights	$	7,143	$	—	$	—	$	7,143	$	58

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis and for which Heartland has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value, in thousands:

Fair Value at
9/30/2019

Valuation
Technique

Unobservable
Input

Range
(Weighted Average)

Interest rate lock commitments

970

Discounted cash flows

Closing ratio

0-99% (90%)⁽¹⁾

Other real estate owned

6,425

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(2)

Appraisal discount

0-10%⁽³⁾

Servicing rights

5,039

Discounted cash flows

Third party valuation

(4)

Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale

3,251

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

Appraisal discount

0-10%⁽³⁾

Collateral dependent impaired loans:

Commercial

10,767

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(2)

Appraisal discount

0-15%⁽³⁾

Commercial real estate

1,088

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(2)

Appraisal discount

0-10%⁽³⁾

Agricultural and agricultural real estate

11,536

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(2)

Appraisal discount

0-15%⁽³⁾

Residential real estate

1,042

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(2)

Appraisal discount

0-12%⁽³⁾

Consumer

645

Modified appraised value

Third party valuation

(2)

Valuation discount

0-10%⁽³⁾

(1) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement is the closing ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in a lock position which management estimates will ultimately close. The closing ratio calculation takes into consideration historical data and loan-level data. The weighted average closing ratio for PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation is 90%.

(2) Third party appraisals are obtained and updated at least annually to establish the value of the underlying asset, but the disclosure of the unobservable inputs used by the appraisers would not be meaningful because the range will vary widely from appraisal to appraisal.

(3) Discounts applied to the appraised values primarily include estimated sales costs, but also consider the age of the appraisal, changes in local market conditions and changes in the current condition of the collateral.

(4) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement are the value indices, which are weighted-average spreads to LIBOR based on maturity groups.

Fair Value at
12/31/2018

Valuation
Technique

Unobservable
Input

Range
(Weighted Average)

Loans held for sale

67,224

Discounted cash flows

Sales contract

⁽¹⁾

Interest rate lock commitments

725

Discounted cash flows

Closing ratio

0-99% (91%)⁽²⁾

Other real estate owned

6,153

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-10%⁽⁴⁾

Servicing rights

7,143

Discounted cash flows

Third party valuation

⁽⁵⁾

Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale

7,258

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-10%⁽⁴⁾

Collateral dependent impaired loans:

Commercial

12,932

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-8%⁽⁴⁾

Commercial real estate

405

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-19%⁽⁴⁾

Agricultural and agricultural real estate

11,070

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-24%⁽⁴⁾

Residential real estate

478

Modified appraised value

Third party appraisal

(3)

Appraisal discount

0-24%⁽⁴⁾

Consumer

624

Modified appraised value

Third party valuation

(3)

Valuation discount

0-14%⁽⁴⁾

(1) The significant unobservable input related to the loans held for sale was the third party sales contract Heartland entered into prior to December 31, 2018. The sale of these consumer loans closed on January 11, 2019.

(2) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement is the closing ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in a lock position which management estimates will ultimately close. The closing ratio calculation takes into consideration historical data and loan-level data.

(3) Third party appraisals are obtained and updated at least annually to establish the value of the underlying asset, but the disclosure of the unobservable inputs used by the appraisers would not be meaningful because the range will vary widely from appraisal to appraisal.

(4) Discounts applied to the appraised values primarily include estimated sales costs, but also consider the age of the appraisal, changes in local market conditions and changes in the current condition of the collateral.

(5) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement are the value indices, which are weighted-average spreads to LIBOR based on maturity groups.

The changes in fair value of the interest rate lock commitments, which are Level 3 financial instruments measured on a recurring basis, are summarized in the following table, in thousands:


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019		For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
Balance at January 1,	$	725	$	1,738
Acquired interest rate lock commitments	—		1,383
Total gains (losses) included in earnings	561		(3,269)
Issuances	8,077		2,962
Settlements	(8,393)		(2,089)
Balance at period end	$	970	$	725

Gains included in gains (losses) on sale of loans held for sale attributable to interest rate lock commitments held at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, were $970,000 and $725,000, respectively.

The table below is a summary of the estimated fair value of Heartland's financial instruments (as defined by ASC 825) as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands. The carrying amounts in the following tables are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets under the indicated captions. In accordance with ASC 825, the assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments are not included in the disclosure, including the value of the commercial and mortgage servicing rights,

premises, furniture and equipment, premises, furniture and equipment held for sale, OREO, goodwill, and other intangibles and other liabilities.

Heartland does not believe that the estimated information presented herein is representative of the earnings power or value of Heartland. The following analysis, which is inherently limited in depicting fair value, also does not consider any value associated with either existing customer relationships or the ability of Heartland to create value through loan origination, deposit gathering or fee generating activities. Many of the estimates presented herein are based upon the use of highly subjective information and assumptions and, accordingly, the results may not be precise. Management believes that fair value estimates may not be comparable between financial institutions due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and numerous estimates which must be made. Furthermore, because the disclosed fair value amounts were estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amounts actually realized or paid upon maturity or settlement of the various financial instruments could be significantly different.


					Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2019
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	447,767	$	447,767	$	447,767	$	—	$	—
Time deposits in other financial institutions	3,711		3,711		3,711		—		—
Securities:

Carried at fair value	3,020,568		3,020,568		7,497		3,013,071		—
Held to maturity	87,965		97,905		—		97,905		—
Other investments	29,042		29,042		—		29,042		—
Loans held for sale	35,427		35,427		—		35,427		—
Loans, net:
Commercial	2,250,134		2,187,799		—		2,177,032		10,767
Commercial real estate	4,084,592		4,057,687		—		4,056,599		1,088
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	540,406		532,650		—		521,114		11,536
Residential real estate	587,288		561,187		—		560,145		1,042
Consumer	442,966		440,984		—		440,339		645
Total Loans, net	7,905,386		7,780,307		—		7,755,229		25,078
Cash surrender value on life insurance	171,471		171,471		—		171,471		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	22,152		22,152		—		22,152		—
Interest rate lock commitments	970		970		—		—		970
Forward commitments	64		64		—		64		—
Financial liabilities:
Deposits
Demand deposits	3,581,127		3,581,127		—		3,581,127		—
Savings deposits	5,770,754		5,770,754		—		5,770,754		—
Time deposits	1,117,975		1,117,975		—		1,117,975		—
Deposits held for sale	—		—		—		—		—
Short term borrowings	107,853		107,853		—		107,853		—
Other borrowings	278,417		278,707		—		278,707		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	27,479		27,479		—		27,479		—
Forward commitments	209		209		—		209		—

(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps, fair value hedges, free standing derivative instruments and cash flow hedges.


					Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	273,630	$	273,630	$	273,630	$	—	$	—
Time deposits in other financial institutions	4,672		4,672		4,672		—		—
Securities:

Carried at fair value	2,450,709		2,450,709		25,414		2,425,295		—
Held to maturity	236,283		245,341		—		245,341		—
Other investments	28,396		28,396		—		28,396		—
Loans held for sale	119,801		119,801		—		52,577		67,224
Loans, net:
Commercial	1,994,785		1,955,607		—		1,942,675		12,932
Commercial real estate	3,684,213		3,667,138		—		3,666,733		405
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	561,265		553,112		—		542,042		11,070
Residential real estate	670,473		654,596		—		654,118		478
Consumer	434,998		432,016		—		431,392		624
Total Loans, net	7,345,734		7,262,469		—		7,236,960		25,509
Cash surrender value on life insurance	162,892		162,892		—		162,892		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	6,539		6,539		—		6,539		—
Interest rate lock commitments	725		725		—		—		725

Financial liabilities:
Deposits
Demand deposits	3,264,737		3,264,737		—		3,264,737		—
Savings deposits	5,107,962		5,107,962		—		5,107,962		—
Time deposits	1,023,730		1,023,730		—		1,023,730		—
Deposits held for sale	106,409		100,241		—		—		100,241
Short term borrowings	227,010		227,010		—		227,010		—
Other borrowings	274,905		276,966		—		276,966		—
Derivative financial instruments⁽¹⁾	6,044		6,044		—		6,044		—
Forward commitments	399		399		—		399		—

(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps, fair value hedges, free standing derivative instruments and cash flow hedges.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Time Deposits in Other Financial Institutions — The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Securities — For equity securities with a readily determinable fair value and debt securities either held to maturity, available for sale or trading, fair value equals quoted market price if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities. For Level 3 securities, Heartland utilizes independent pricing provided by third party vendors or brokers.

Other Investments — Fair value measurement of other investments, which consists primarily of FHLB stock, are based on their redeemable value, which is at cost due to the restrictions placed on their transferability. The market for these securities is restricted to the issuer of the stock and subject to impairment evaluation.

Loans — The fair value of loans is determined using an exit price methodology as prescribed by ASU 2016-01, which was effective on January 1, 2018. The exit price estimation of fair value is based on the present value of the expected cash flows. The projected cash flows are based on the contractual terms of the loans, adjusted for prepayments and a discount rate based on the relative risk of the cash flows. Other considerations include the loan type, remaining life of the loan and credit risk.

The fair value of impaired loans is measured using the fair value of the underlying collateral. The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated using quoted market prices.

Cash surrender value on life insurance — Life insurance policies are held on certain officers. The carrying value of these policies approximates fair value as it is based on the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or amounts due that are probable at settlement. As such, Heartland classifies the estimated fair value of the cash surrender value on life insurance as Level 2.

Derivative Financial Instruments — The fair value of all derivatives is estimated based on the amount that Heartland would pay or would be paid to terminate the contract or agreement, using current rates and prices, and, when appropriate, the current creditworthiness of the counter-party.

Interest Rate Lock Commitments — The fair value of interest rate lock commitments is estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes grouping the interest rate lock commitments by interest rate and terms, applying an estimated closing ratio based on historical experience, and then multiplying by quoted investor prices determined to be reasonably applicable to the loan commitment groups based on interest rate, terms, and rate lock expiration dates of the loan commitment group.

Forward Commitments — The fair value of these instruments is estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes current trade pricing for similar financial instruments.

Deposits — The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. If the fair value of the fixed maturity certificates of deposit is calculated at less than the carrying amount, the carrying value of these deposits is reported as the fair value.

Deposits Held for Sale — As of September 30, 2019, Heartland had $0 of deposits held for sale. Prior to December 31, 2018, Heartland entered into agreements with third parties to sell the deposits of five branch locations, which totaled $106.4 million as of December 31, 2018. The estimated fair value in the table above was based on the carrying value of the deposits less the premium Heartland expected to receive in accordance with the sales contract when the transactions were completed in the first six months of 2019.

Short-term and Other Borrowings — Rates currently available to Heartland for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of existing debt.

Commitments to Extend Credit, Unused Lines of Credit and Standby Letters of Credit — Based upon management's analysis of the off balance sheet financial instruments, there are no significant unrealized gains or losses associated with these financial instruments based upon review of the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties.

NOTE 9: REVENUE

On January 1, 2018, Heartland adopted ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (Topic 606), and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606.

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities. In addition, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with loan servicing income, bank owned life insurance, derivatives and certain credit card fees are also not in scope of the new guidance. Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as service charges and fees, trust fees, and brokerage and insurance commissions. However, the recognition of these revenue streams did not change significantly upon adoption of Topic 606. Substantially all of Heartland's revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Noninterest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below.

Service Charges and Fees

Service charges and fees consist of revenue generated from deposit account related service charges and fees, overdraft fees, customer service fees and other service charges, credit card fee income, debit card income and other service charges and fees.

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of account analysis fees (i.e., net fees earned on analyzed business and public checking accounts), monthly service fees, check orders and other deposit account related fees. Heartland's performance obligation for account analysis fees and monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees, including overdraft fees, are largely transactional based, and therefore, the performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Customer service fees and other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. Heartland's performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.

Credit card fee income and debit card income are comprised of interchange fees, ATM fees, and merchant services income. Credit card fee income and debit card income are earned whenever the banks' debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Visa. ATM fees are primarily generated when a bank cardholder uses an ATM that is not owned by one of Heartland's banks or a non-bank cardholder uses Heartland-owned ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees.

Trust Fees

Trust fees are primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. Heartland's performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the average daily market value or month-end market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate. Payment is generally received a few days before or after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. Heartland does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and asset management customers. Heartland's performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.

Brokerage and Insurance Commissions

Brokerage commission primarily consist of commissions related to broker-dealer contracts. The contracts are between the customer and the broker-dealer, and Heartland satisfies its performance obligation and earns commission when the transactions are completed. The recognition of revenue is based on a defined fee schedule and does not require significant judgment. Payment is received shortly after services are rendered. Insurance commissions are related to commissions received directly from the insurance carrier. Heartland acts as an insurance agent between the customer and the insurance carrier. Heartland's performance obligations and associated fee and commission income are defined with each insurance product with the insurance company. When insurance payments are received from customers, a portion of the payment is recognized as commission revenue.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
In-scope of Topic 606
Service charges and fees
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	3,221	$	2,858	$	9,383	$	8,270
Overdraft fees	2,917		2,990		8,537		7,716
Customer service and other service fees	104		102		270		268
Credit card fee income	3,936		3,062		11,555		8,443
Debit card income	2,188		3,883		10,044		10,349

Total service charges and fees	$	12,366	$	12,895	$	39,789	$	35,046
Trust fees	4,959		4,499		14,258		13,794
Brokerage and insurance commissions	962		1,111		2,724		2,895
Total noninterest income in-scope of Topic 606	$	18,287	$	18,505	$	56,771	$	51,735

Out-of-scope of Topic 606
Loan servicing income	$	821	$	1,670	$	3,888	$	5,231
Securities gains/(losses), net	2,013		(145)		7,168		1,037
Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	144		54		514		97
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	4,673		7,410		12,192		18,261
Valuation adjustment on servicing rights	(626)		230		(1,579)		12
Income on bank owned life insurance	881		892		2,668		2,206
Other noninterest income	3,207		1,149		6,556		3,536
Total noninterest income out-of-scope of Topic 606	11,113		11,260		31,407		30,380
Total noninterest income	$	29,400	$	29,765	$	88,178	$	82,115

Contract Balances

A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract asset). A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. Heartland's noninterest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standard month-end revenue accruals such as asset management fees based on month-end market values. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after Heartland satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. Heartland does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. As of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, Heartland did not have any significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs

In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, an entity is required to capitalize, and subsequently amortize into expense, certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if these costs are expected to be recovered. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained (for example, sales commission). Heartland utilizes the practical expedient which allows entities to immediately expense contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less. Upon adoption of Topic 606, Heartland did not capitalize any contract acquisition costs.

NOTE 10: STOCK COMPENSATION

Heartland may grant, through its Nominating and Compensation Committee (the "Compensation Committee"), non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units and cash incentive

awards, under its 2012 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "Plan"). The Plan was originally approved by stockholders in May 2012 and was amended effective March 8, 2016, to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance and make certain other changes to the Plan. As of September 30, 2019, 350,412 shares of common stock were available for issuance under future awards that may be granted under the Plan to employees and directors of, and service providers to, Heartland or its subsidiaries.

Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 718, "Compensation-Stock Compensation" requires the measurement of the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based upon the fair value of the award on the grant date. The cost of the award is based upon its fair value estimated on the date of grant and recognized in the consolidated statements of income over the vesting period of the award. The fair market value of restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the fair value of the underlying shares of common stock on the date of grant. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur.

The amount of tax benefit related to the exercise, vesting and forfeiture of equity-based awards reflected as a tax benefit in Heartland's income tax expense was $270,000 and $672,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

The Plan permits the Compensation Committee to grant restricted stock units ("RSUs"). In the first quarter of 2019, the Compensation Committee granted time-based RSUs with respect to 90,073 shares of common stock, and in the first quarter of 2018, the Compensation Committee granted time-based RSUs with respect to 52,153 shares of common stock to selected officers and employees. The time-based RSUs represent the right, without payment, to receive shares of Heartland common stock on a specified date in the future. The time-based RSUs granted in 2019 and 2018 vest over three years in equal installments on March 6 of each of the three years following the year of the grant. The time-based RSUs may also vest upon death or disability, upon a change in control or upon a "qualified retirement" (as defined in the RSU agreement). The retiree is required to sign a non-solicitation agreement as a condition to vesting.

The Compensation Committee also granted three-year performance-based RSUs with respect to 34,848 shares and 16,108 shares of common stock in the first quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively. These performance-based RSUs will be earned based on satisfaction of performance targets for the three-year performance period ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively. These performance-based RSUs or a portion thereof may vest in 2022 and 2021, respectively, after measurement of performance in relation to the performance targets.

The three-year performance-based RSUs vest to the extent that they are earned upon death or disability or upon a "qualified retirement." Upon a change in control, performance-based RSUs shall become vested at 100% of target if the RSU obligations are not assumed by the successor company. If the successor company does assume the RSU obligations, the 2019 and 2018 performance-based RSUs will vest at 100% of target upon a "Termination of Service" within the period beginning six months prior to a change in control and ending twenty-four months after a change in control.

All of Heartland's RSUs will be settled in common stock upon vesting and are not entitled to dividends until vested.

The Compensation Committee may grant RSUs under the Plan to directors as part of their compensation, to new management level employees at commencement of employment, and to other employees and service providers as incentives. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, 32,662 and 29,048 time-based RSUs, respectively, were granted to directors and new employees.

A summary of the RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2019, and 2018, and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, follows:


	2019				2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1,	266,995	$	43.89	301,578	$	34.74
Granted	157,583	45.00		116,297	55.26
Vested	(142,023)	38.93		(127,429)	32.70
Forfeited	(26,136)	48.95		(27,678)	45.58
Outstanding at September 30,	256,419	$	46.96	262,768	$	43.65

Total compensation costs recorded for RSUs were $4.8 million and $3.7 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. As of September 30, 2019, there were $6.0 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to the Plan for RSUs that are expected to be recognized through 2022.

NOTE 11: LEASES

A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. On January 1, 2019, Heartland adopted ASU 2016-02 "Leases" (Topic 842) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. For Heartland, Topic 842 primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which Heartland is the lessee.

Lessee Accounting

Substantially all of the leases in which Heartland is the lessee are comprised of real estate property for branches, ATM locations, and office space with terms extending through 2031. All of Heartland's leases are classified as operating leases, and therefore, were previously not recognized on the consolidated balance sheet. With the adoption of Topic 842, operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and a corresponding lease liability.

Heartland elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial terms of twelve months or less), or equipment leases (deemed immaterial) on the consolidated balance sheet. The table below presents Heartland's ROU assets and lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019, in thousands:


Assets	Classification	September 30, 2019
Operating lease assets	Other assets	$	24,677
Total lease right-of-use assets		$	24,677

Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	26,403
Total lease liabilities		$	26,403

The calculated amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities in the table above are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. Heartland’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at Heartland’s discretion. If at lease inception, Heartland considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, Heartland will include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Regarding the discount rate, Topic 842 requires the use of the rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, Heartland utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term. For operating leases existing prior to January 1, 2019, the rate for the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019 was used. The variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance and utilities. The table below presents the lease costs and supplemental information as of September 30, 2019, in thousands:


	Income Statement Category	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost	Occupancy expense	$	1,681	$	4,548
Variable lease cost	Occupancy expense	42		109

Total lease cost		$	1,723	$	4,657
Supplemental Information
Noncash reduction of ROU assets arising from lease modifications	Occupancy expense	$	495	$	2,959
Noncash reduction lease liabilities arising from lease modifications	Occupancy expense	284		2,771

Supplemental balance sheet information		As of September 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining operating lease term (in years)		6.5

Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases		3.00				%

A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows to the total of operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 is as follows, in thousands:


Three months ending December 31, 2019	$	1,503
Year ending December 31,
2020	5,931
2021	5,678
2022	4,346
2023	2,900
Thereafter	8,751
Total lease payments	$	29,109
Less interest	(2,706)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	26,403

As defined by Topic 840, Heartland's minimum future rental commitments at December 31, 2018, for all non-cancelable leases were as follows, in thousands:


2019	$	5,776
2020	5,493
2021	5,102
2022	3,241
2023	2,297
Thereafter	12,419
	$	34,328

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (including any information incorporated herein by reference) contains, and future oral and written statements of Heartland Financial USA, Inc. ("Heartland") and its management may contain, forward-looking statements within the meaning of such term in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, with respect to the business, financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives and future performance of Heartland. Forward-looking statements, which may be based upon beliefs, expectations and assumptions of Heartland's management and on information currently available to management, are generally identifiable by the use of words such as "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "plan," "intend," "estimate," "may," "will," "would," "could," "should" or other similar expressions. Although Heartland has made these statements based on management's experience and best estimate of future events, there may be events or factors that management has not anticipated, and the accuracy and achievement of such forward-looking statements and estimates are subject to a number of risks, including those identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Additionally, all statements in this document, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and Heartland undertakes no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. These estimates are based upon historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Among other things, the estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The estimates and judgments that management believes have the most effect on Heartland's reported financial position and results of operations are described as critical accounting policies in Heartland's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no significant changes in the critical accounting policies or the assumptions and judgments utilized in applying these policies since December 31, 2018.

OVERVIEW

Heartland is a multi-bank holding company providing banking, mortgage, wealth management, investments and insurance services to individuals and businesses. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Heartland has eleven banking subsidiaries with 114 locations in Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Montana, Colorado, Minnesota, Kansas, Missouri, Texas and California. Heartland's primary objectives are to increase profitability and diversify its market area and asset base by expanding through acquisitions and to grow organically by increasing its customer base in the markets it serves.

Heartland's results of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from interest earning assets and interest expense on interest bearing liabilities. Noninterest income, which includes service charges and fees, loan servicing income, trust income, brokerage and insurance commissions, securities gains, net gains on sale of loans held for sale, and income on bank owned life insurance also affects Heartland's results of operations. Heartland's principal operating expenses, aside from interest expense, consist of the provision for loan losses, salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment costs, professional fees, advertising, core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization and other real estate and loan collection expenses.

Net income available to common stockholders for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, was $34.6 million, or $0.94 per diluted common share, compared to $33.7 million, or $0.97 per diluted common share, for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. Return on average common equity was 8.91% and return on average assets was 1.12% for the third quarter of 2019, compared to 10.58% and 1.18%, respectively, for the same quarter in 2018.

Net income available to common stockholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, was $111.3 million or $3.11 per diluted common share, compared to $84.8 million or $2.59 per diluted common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Return on average common equity was 10.33% and return on average assets was 1.27% for the first nine months of 2019, compared to 9.95% and 1.07% for the same period in 2018.

For the third quarter of 2019, Heartland's net interest margin was 3.98% (4.02% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) compared to 4.32% (4.38% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) for the same quarter in 2018, and the efficiency ratio was 61.92% and 62.51% for the third quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, Heartland's net interest

margin was 4.05% (4.10% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) compared to 4.25% (4.32% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) for the same period in 2018. The efficiency ratio for the first nine months of 2019 was 63.95% compared to 65.03% for the same period in 2018.

Total assets of Heartland were $12.57 billion at September 30, 2019, an increase of $1.16 billion or 10% since year-end 2018. Securities represented 25% of total assets at September 30, 2019, and 24% of total assets at December 31, 2018.

Total loans held to maturity were $7.97 billion at September 30, 2019, compared to $7.41 billion at year-end 2018, an increase of $563.9 million or 8%. This change includes $542.0 million of total loans held to maturity acquired at fair value in the Blue Valley Ban Corp. ("BVBC") transaction. During the first quarter of 2019, Heartland classified $32.1 million of loans as held for sale in conjunction with the branch sales described below in "Recent Developments". Excluding the reclassification of loans to held for sale and the BVBC transaction, total loans held to maturity increased $54.0 million or 1% since December 31, 2018.

Total deposits were $10.47 billion as of September 30, 2019, compared to $9.40 billion at year-end 2018, an increase of $1.07 billion or 11%. This increase includes $617.1 million of deposits acquired at fair value in the BVBC transaction. During the first quarter of 2019, Heartland classified $77.0 million of deposits as held for sale in conjunction with the branch sales. Exclusive of the reclassification of deposits to held for sale and the deposits acquired at fair value in the BVBC transaction, total deposits increased $533.3 million or 6% since December 31, 2018.

Total equity was $1.56 billion at September 30, 2019, compared to $1.33 billion at year-end 2018. Book value per common share was $42.62 at September 30, 2019, compared to $38.44 at year-end 2018. Heartland's unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of applicable taxes, was $20.3 million at September 30, 2019, compared to an unrealized loss of $32.5 million, net of applicable taxes, at December 31, 2018.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

In keeping with its focus on core businesses and execution of strategic priorities, Heartland has completed the following transactions since January 1, 2019:

Blue Valley Ban Corp. Acquisition

On May 10, 2019, Heartland completed the acquisition of BVBC and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank of Blue Valley, headquartered in Overland Park, Kansas. Based on Heartland's closing common stock price of $44.78 per share on May 10, 2019, the aggregate consideration paid to BVBC common shareholders was $92.3 million, which was paid by delivery of 2,060,258 shares of Heartland common stock. On the closing date, in addition to this merger consideration, Heartland provided BVBC the funds necessary to repay outstanding debt of $6.9 million, and Heartland assumed $16.1 million of trust preferred securities at fair value. Immediately following the closing of the transaction, Bank of Blue Valley was merged with and into Heartland's wholly-owned Kansas subsidiary, Morrill & Janes Bank and Trust Company, and the combined entity operates under the Bank of Blue Valley brand. As of the closing date, BVBC had, at fair value, total assets of $766.2 million, total loans held to maturity of $542.0 million, and total deposits of $617.1 million. The transaction was a tax-free reorganization with respect to the stock consideration received by the stockholders of BVBC.

The financial impact of the BVBC acquisition is included in the results of operations for the period ended September 30, 2019, but not in the results of operations for the same period ended September 30, 2018.

Branch Sales and Other Divestitures

•On January 11, 2019, Heartland completed the sale of the loan portfolios of its consumer finance subsidiaries, Citizens Finance Co. and Citizens Finance of Illinois Co. (collectively, "Citizens"). The loan portfolios had a fair value of $67.2 million.

•On February 22, 2019, Heartland completed the sale of two branch locations of Wisconsin Bank & Trust. The sale included loans of $11.7 million and deposits of $48.6 million. Heartland recorded a net gain of $3.2 million in the first quarter of 2019, which consisted of a gain of $3.5 million and write-off of $329,000 of core deposit intangibles.

•On April 30, 2019, Dubuque Bank and Trust Company closed on the sale of substantially all its mortgage servicing rights portfolio, which contained loans with an unpaid principal balance of approximately $3.31 billion to PNC Bank, N.A. The transaction qualified as a sale, and $20.6 million of mortgage servicing rights were de-recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019. Cash of approximately $34.8 million was received during the second quarter, and Heartland recorded an estimated gain on the sale of this portfolio of approximately $13.3 million. A payable of approximately $293,000 was recorded as of September 30, 2019, due to the timing of the servicing transfer per the terms of the sale agreement. In the agreement, which includes customary terms and conditions, Dubuque Bank and Trust Company provided interim servicing of the loans until the transfer date, which was August 1, 2019.

•On May 3, 2019, Heartland completed the sale of two branches of Illinois Bank & Trust. The sale included loans of $1.2 million and deposits of $11.4 million. Heartland recorded a net gain of $340,000 in the second quarter of 2019, which consisted of a gain of $519,000 and write-off of $179,000 of core deposit intangibles.

•On May 17, 2019, Heartland completed the sale of one branch of Citywide Banks. The sale included loans of $8.4 million and deposits of $24.4 million. Heartland recorded a net gain of $1.6 million in the second quarter of 2019, which consisted of a gain of $1.8 million and write-off of $174,000 of core deposit intangibles.

•On May 31, 2019, Heartland completed the sale of two branch locations of Dubuque Bank and Trust Company, which operated as First Community Bank, in Keokuk, Iowa. The sale included loans of $17.5 million and deposits of $72.0 million. Heartland recorded a gain of $4.2 million in the second quarter of 2019.

Heartland has been working on company-wide strategic initiatives since the end of 2018. Management expects approximately $8 million to $10 million of the net gains on the sale of the branches and mortgage servicing rights previously discussed will be invested in talent, process improvement, and technology upgrades that management believes are necessary to support future organic and acquired growth, improve efficiency and ultimately provide a superior customer experience and enhance profitability.

Three of the most significant investments in technology and process improvement are:

•a project called Operation Customer Compass, which is focused on streamlining and automating processes. This project is intended to create back-office capacity for growth and enhance the customer experience. Expense reductions of over $10 million annually are expected to be realized once the project is completed, which is anticipated to be the end of 2019;

•an upgrade to the existing customer relationship management system to the Salesforce Platform, which is an industry leader for relationship management, and,

•the implementation of nCino, a premiere commercial loan origination system.

The upgrade to Salesforce and the implementation of nCino is expected to significantly improve the sales management process and improve the effectiveness of the commercial sales teams. The integration between nCino and Salesforce is expected to improve back office efficiencies and shorten the sales cycle. These two projects are currently underway and will be ongoing into mid-2020.

Pending Acquisition-Rockford Bank and Trust Company


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
STATEMENT OF INCOME DATA
Interest income	$	133,403		$	124,894		$	381,127		$	339,517
Interest expense	22,082			14,216			60,143			35,846
Net interest income	111,321			110,678			320,984			303,671
Provision for loan losses	5,201			5,238			11,754			14,332
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	106,120			105,440			309,230			289,339
Noninterest income	29,400			29,765			88,178			82,115
Noninterest expenses	92,967			92,539			256,295			265,067
Income taxes	7,941			8,956			29,835			21,530
Net income	34,612			33,710			111,278			84,857
Preferred dividends	—			(13)			—			(39)

Net income available to common stockholders	$	34,612		$	33,697		$	111,278		$	84,818

Key Performance Ratios
Annualized return on average assets	1.12		%	1.18		%	1.27		%	1.07		%
Annualized return on average common equity (GAAP)	8.91		%	10.58		%	10.33		%	9.95		%
Annualized return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)⁽¹⁾	13.78		%	17.31		%	16.13		%	15.64		%
Annualized ratio of net charge-offs to average loans	0.14		%	0.28		%	0.13		%	0.17		%
Annualized net interest margin (GAAP)	3.98		%	4.32		%	4.05		%	4.25		%
Annualized net interest margin, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)⁽¹⁾	4.02		%	4.38		%	4.10		%	4.32		%
Efficiency ratio, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)⁽¹⁾	61.92		%	62.51		%	63.95		%	65.03		%

Reconciliation of Annualized Return on Average Tangible Common Equity (non-GAAP)
Net income available to common shareholders (GAAP)	$	34,612		$	33,697		$	111,278		$	84,818
Plus core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization, net of tax⁽²⁾	2,291			2,075			7,153			5,343
Adjusted net income available to common shareholders (non-GAAP)	$	36,903		$	35,772		$	118,431		$	90,161

Average common stockholders' equity (GAAP)	$	1,541,369		$	1,263,226		$	1,440,754		$	1,139,149
Less average goodwill	427,097			391,668			409,932			323,058
Less average other intangibles, net	51,704			51,592			49,373			45,207
Average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,062,568		$	819,966		$	981,449		$	770,884
Annualized return on average common equity (GAAP)	8.91		%	10.58		%	10.33		%	9.95		%
Annualized return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)	13.78		%	17.31		%	16.13		%	15.64		%

Reconciliation of Annualized Net Interest Margin, Fully Tax-Equivalent (non-GAAP)
Net Interest Income (GAAP)	$	111,321		$	110,678		$	320,984		$	303,671
Plus tax-equivalent adjustment⁽²⁾	1,140			1,544			3,820			4,663
Net interest income - tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)	$	112,461		$	112,222		$	324,804		$	308,334

Average earning assets	$	11,102,581		$	10,154,591		$	10,598,465		$	9,547,147
Net interest margin (GAAP)	3.98		%	4.32		%	4.05		%	4.25		%
Net interest margin, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)	4.02		%	4.38		%	4.10		%	4.32		%


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Reconciliation of Efficiency Ratio (non-GAAP)
Net interest income (GAAP)	$	111,321		$	110,678		$	320,984		$	303,671
Plus tax-equivalent adjustment⁽²⁾	1,140			1,544			3,820			4,663
Fully tax-equivalent net interest income	112,461			112,222			324,804			308,334
Noninterest income	29,400			29,765			88,178			82,115
Securities (gains)/losses, net	(2,013)			145			(7,168)			(1,037)
Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	(144)			(54)			(514)			(97)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	(375)			—			(375)			—
Valuation adjustment on servicing rights	626			(230)			1,579			(12)
Adjusted income (non-GAAP)	$	139,955		$	141,848		$	406,504		$	389,303

Total noninterest expenses (GAAP)	$	92,967		$	92,539		$	256,295		$	265,067
Less:
Core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization	2,899			2,626			9,054			6,763
Partnership investment in tax credit projects	3,052			338			4,992			338
(Gain)/loss on sales/valuations of assets, net	356			912			(20,934)			2,243
Restructuring expenses	—			—			3,227			2,564
Adjusted noninterest expenses (non-GAAP)	$	86,660		$	88,663		$	259,956		$	253,159

Efficiency ratio, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)	61.92		%	62.51		%	63.95		%	65.03		%

(1) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section after these financial tables for additional information on the usage and presentation of these non-GAAP measures, and refer to these financial tables for the reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.
(2) Computed on a tax-equivalent basis using an effective tax rate of 21%.


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	As Of and For the Quarter Ended
	9/30/2019			6/30/2019			3/31/2019			12/31/2018			9/30/2018
BALANCE SHEET DATA
Investments	$	3,137,575		$	2,681,419		$	2,516,055		$	2,715,388		$	2,540,779
Loans held for sale	35,427			34,575			69,716			119,801			77,727
Total loans receivable(1)	7,971,608			7,853,051			7,331,544			7,407,697			7,365,493
Allowance for loan losses	66,222			63,850			62,639			61,963			61,221
Total assets	12,569,262			12,160,290			11,312,495			11,408,006			11,335,132
Total deposits⁽²⁾	10,469,856			10,108,557			9,352,942			9,396,429			9,512,163
Long-term obligations	278,417			282,863			268,312			274,905			277,563

Common stockholders’ equity	1,563,843			1,521,787			1,372,102			1,325,175			1,280,393

Common Share Data
Book value per common share (GAAP)	$	42.62		$	41.48		$	39.65		$	38.44		$	37.14
Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP)⁽³⁾	$	29.62		$	28.40		$	27.04		$	25.70		$	24.33

Common shares outstanding, net of treasury stock	36,696,190			36,690,061			34,603,611			34,477,499			34,473,029
Tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP)⁽³⁾	8.99		%	8.92		%	8.60		%	8.08		%	7.70		%


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	As Of and For the Quarter Ended
	9/30/2019			6/30/2019			3/31/2019			12/31/2018			9/30/2018

Reconciliation of Tangible Book Value Per Common Share (non-GAAP)
Common stockholders' equity (GAAP)	$	1,563,843		$	1,521,787		$	1,372,102		$	1,325,175		$	1,280,393
Less goodwill	427,097			427,097			391,668			391,668			391,668
Less core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net	49,819			52,718			44,637			47,479			50,071
Tangible common stockholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,086,927		$	1,041,972		$	935,797		$	886,028		$	838,654

Common shares outstanding, net of treasury stock	36,696,190			36,690,061			34,603,611			34,477,499			34,473,029
Common stockholders' equity (book value) per share (GAAP)	$	42.62		$	41.48		$	39.65		$	38.44		$	37.14
Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP)	$	29.62		$	28.40		$	27.04		$	25.70		$	24.33

Reconciliation of Tangible Common Equity Ratio (non-GAAP)
Tangible common stockholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,086,927		$	1,041,972		$	935,797		$	886,028		$	838,654

Total assets (GAAP)	$	12,569,262		$	12,160,290		$	11,312,495		$	11,408,006		$	11,335,132
Less goodwill	427,097			427,097			391,668			391,668			391,668
Less core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net	49,819			52,718			44,637			47,479			50,071
Total tangible assets (non-GAAP)	$	12,092,346		$	11,680,475		$	10,876,190		$	10,968,859		$	10,893,393
Tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP)	8.99		%	8.92		%	8.60		%	8.08		%	7.70		%

(1) Excludes loans held for sale.
(2) Excludes deposits held for sale.
(3) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section after these financial tables for additional information on the usage and presentation of these non-GAAP measures, and refer to these financial tables for the reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains references to financial measures which are not defined by generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Management believes the non-GAAP measures are helpful for investors to analyze and evaluate Heartland's financial condition and operating results. However, these non-GAAP measures have inherent limitations and should not be considered a substitute for operating results determined in accordance with GAAP. Additionally, because non-GAAP measures are not standardized, it may not be possible to compare the non-GAAP measures presented in this section with other companies' non-GAAP measures. Reconciliations of each non-GAAP measure to the most directly comparable GAAP measure may be found in the financial tables above.

The non-GAAP measures presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, management's reason for including each measure and the method of calculating each measure are presented below:

•Annualized return on average tangible common equity is net income available to common stockholders plus core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization, net of tax, divided by average common stockholders' equity less goodwill and core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net. This measure is included as it is considered to be a critical metric to analyze and evaluate financial condition and capital strength.

•Annualized net interest margin, fully tax-equivalent, adjusts net interest income for the tax-favored status of certain loans and securities. Management believes this measure enhances the comparability of net interest income arising from taxable and tax-exempt sources.

•Efficiency ratio, fully tax equivalent, expresses noninterest expenses as a percentage of fully tax-equivalent net interest income and noninterest income. This efficiency ratio is presented on a tax-equivalent basis which adjusts net interest income and noninterest expenses for the tax favored status of certain loans, securities, and tax credit projects. Management believes the presentation of this non-GAAP measure provides supplemental useful information for proper understanding of the financial results as it enhances the comparability of income and expenses arising from taxable and nontaxable sources and excludes specific items as noted in reconciliation contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

•Tangible book value per common share is total common stockholders' equity less goodwill and core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net, divided by common shares outstanding, net of treasury. This measure is included as it is considered to be a critical metric to analyze and evaluate use of equity, financial condition and capital strength.

•Tangible common equity ratio is total common stockholders' equity less goodwill and core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net, divided by total assets less goodwill and core deposit and customer relationship intangibles, net. This measure is included as it is considered to be a critical metric to analyze and evaluate use of equity, financial condition and capital strength.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Interest Margin and Net Interest Income

Heartland's success in maintaining competitive net interest margin has been the result of an increase in average earning assets and a favorable deposit mix for the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Also contributing to Heartland's ability to maintain its net interest margin has been the amortization of purchase accounting discounts associated with acquisitions completed by Heartland. Growth in interest income on a tax-equivalent basis was largely due to the increase in average earning assets primarily from recent acquisitions. Increases in total interest expense were primarily due to recent increases in market interest rates and deposit growth from recent acquisitions. See "Analysis of Average Balances, Tax-Equivalent Yields and Rates" for information relating to Heartland's net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis, which is not defined by GAAP. Refer to the financial highlights above for a reconciliation of annualized net interest margin on a fully tax-equivalent basis to GAAP.

For the Quarters ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net interest margin, expressed as a percentage of average earning assets, was 3.98% (4.02% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the third quarter of 2019, compared to 4.32% (4.38% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the third quarter of 2018. For the third quarter of 2019, Heartland's net interest margin included 23 basis points of purchase accounting discount amortization compared to 25 basis points in the same quarter of 2018.

Total interest income for the third quarter of 2019 was $133.4 million, an increase of $8.5 million or 7%, compared to $124.9 million recorded in the third quarter of 2018. The tax-equivalent adjustments for income taxes saved on the interest earned on nontaxable securities and loans were $1.1 million for the third quarter of 2019 and $1.5 million for the third quarter of 2018. With these adjustments, total interest income on a tax-equivalent basis was $134.5 million for the third quarter of 2019, an increase of $8.1 million or 6%, compared to $126.4 million for the third quarter of 2018.

Average earning assets increased $948.0 million or 9% to $11.10 billion from $10.15 billion in the third quarter of 2018, which was primarily attributable to recent acquisitions. The average interest rate on earning assets decreased 13 basis points to 4.81% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 4.94% for the same quarter in 2018. In the first quarter of 2019, Heartland sold its higher yielding consumer loan portfolios, which decreased the average rate on earning assets by approximately 13 basis points for the third quarter of 2019 compared to the same quarter in 2018.

Total interest expense for the third quarter of 2019 was $22.1 million, an increase of $7.9 million or 55% from $14.2 million in the third quarter of 2018. The average interest rate paid on Heartland's interest bearing liabilities increased to 1.22% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 0.86% for the third quarter of 2018, which was primarily due to recent increases in market interest rates. The average interest rate paid on savings deposits was 0.94% during the third quarter of 2019 compared to 0.56% for the third quarter of 2018, and the average interest rate paid on time deposits was 1.62% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 1.03% for the third quarter of 2018. The average interest rate paid on Heartland's borrowings was 4.26% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 3.91% in the third quarter of 2018.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, average interest bearing liabilities were $7.17 billion, an increase of $630.0 million or 10%, from $6.54 billion for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. Average interest bearing deposits increased $666.8 million or 11% to $6.79 billion for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, from $6.13 billion in the same quarter in 2018. Average borrowings decreased $36.8 million or 9% to $382.2 million during the third quarter of 2019 from $419.0 million during the same quarter in 2018. The increase in Heartland's average interest bearing liabilities is primarily attributable to recent acquisitions.

Net interest income increased $643,000 or 1% to $111.3 million in the third quarter of 2019 from $110.7 million in the third quarter of 2018. After the tax-equivalent adjustment discussed above, net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis totaled $112.5 million during the third quarter of 2019, an increase of $239,000 or less than 1% from $112.2 million during the third quarter of 2018.

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

Net interest margin, expressed as a percentage of average earning assets, was 4.05% (4.10% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, compared to 4.25% (4.32% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the same period of 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Heartland's net interest margin included 19 basis points of purchase accounting discount amortization compared to 21 basis points for the same period of 2018.

Total interest income for the first nine months of 2019 was $381.1 million, an increase of $41.6 million or 12%, compared to $339.5 million recorded in the first nine months of 2018. The tax-equivalent adjustments for income taxes saved on the interest earned on nontaxable securities and loans were $3.8 million for the first nine months of 2019 and $4.7 million for the same period of 2018. With these adjustments, total interest income on a tax-equivalent basis was $384.9 million for the first nine months of 2019, an increase of $40.8 million or 12%, compared to $344.2 million for the first nine months of 2018.

Average earning assets increased $1.05 billion or 11% to $10.60 billion for the first nine months of 2019 from $9.55 billion for the first nine months of 2018, which was primarily attributable to recent acquisitions. The average interest rate on earning assets increased 4 basis points to 4.86% for the first nine months of 2019 compared to 4.82% for the same period in 2018. In the first quarter of 2019, Heartland sold its higher yielding consumer loan portfolios, which decreased the average rate on earning assets by approximately 14 basis points for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Total interest expense for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019 was $60.1 million, an increase of $24.3 million or 68% from $35.8 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018. The average interest rate paid on Heartland's interest bearing liabilities increased to 1.17% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 0.78% for the same period of 2018, which was primarily due to recent increases in market interest rates. The average interest rate paid on savings deposits was 0.88%, and the average interest rate paid on time deposits was 1.45% during the first nine months of 2019 compared to 0.47% and 0.96%, respectively, for the first nine months of 2018. The average interest rate paid on Heartland's borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, was 4.22% and 3.82%, respectively.

For the first nine months of 2019, average interest bearing liabilities were $6.89 billion, an increase of $740.6 million or 12%, from $6.15 billion for the same period of 2018. Average interest bearing deposits increased $755.7 million or 13% to $6.49 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, from $5.73 billion in the first nine months of 2018. Average borrowings decreased $15.1 million or 4% to $405.6 million during the first nine months of 2019 from $420.7 million during the same period in 2018.

Net interest income increased $17.3 million or 6% to $321.0 million in the first nine months of 2019 from $303.7 million recorded in the first nine months of 2018. After the tax-equivalent adjustment discussed above, net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis totaled $324.8 million during the first nine months of 2019, an increase of $16.5 million or 5% from $308.3 million during the same period of 2018.

Heartland attempts to manage its balance sheet to minimize the effect that a change in interest rates has on its net interest margin. Heartland plans to continue to work toward improving both its earning assets and funding mix through targeted organic growth strategies, which management believes will result in additional net interest income. Heartland produces and reviews simulations of various interest rate scenarios to assist in monitoring its exposure to interest rate risk. Based on these simulations, it is management's opinion that Heartland maintains a well-balanced and manageable interest rate posture. Item 3 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains additional information about the results of Heartland's most recent net interest income simulations. Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains a detailed discussion of the derivative instruments Heartland has utilized to manage its interest rate risk.

The following tables set forth certain information relating to Heartland's average consolidated balance sheets and reflect the yield on average earning assets and the cost of average interest bearing liabilities for the periods indicated, in thousands. Such yields and costs are calculated by dividing income or expense by the average balance of assets or liabilities. Average balances are derived from daily balances, and nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale are included in each respective loan category. Assets that receive favorable tax treatment are evaluated on a tax-equivalent basis assuming a federal income tax rate of 21%. Tax-favored assets generally have lower contractual pre-tax yields than fully taxable assets. A tax-equivalent yield is calculated by adding the tax savings to the interest earned on tax favored assets and dividing this amount by the average balance of the tax favorable assets.


ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE BALANCES, TAX EQUIVALENT YIELDS AND RATES ⁽¹⁾
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

	For the Quarter Ended
	September 30, 2019										June 30, 2019								September 30, 2018
	Average Balance		Interest		Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Rate
Earning Assets
Securities:
Taxable	$	2,658,107	$	18,567	2.77	%	$	2,217,863	$	16,123	2.92	%	$	2,066,071	$	14,433	2.77	%
Nontaxable⁽¹⁾	266,933		2,682		3.99		324,164		3,233		4.00		435,045		4,418		4.03
Total securities	2,925,040		21,249		2.88		2,542,027		19,356		3.05		2,501,116		18,851		2.99
Interest on deposits with other banks and other short-term investments	358,327		2,151		2.38		424,262		2,299		2.17		252,535		1,238		1.94
Federal funds sold	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loans:⁽²⁾
Commercial and commercial real estate⁽¹⁾	6,216,133		86,864		5.54		5,968,424		82,328		5.53		5,637,360		77,443		5.45
Residential mortgage	662,663		7,979		4.78		676,465		8,238		4.88		736,875		8,952		4.82
Agricultural and agricultural real estate⁽¹⁾	550,441		7,551		5.44		558,128		7,581		5.45		571,599		7,725		5.36
Consumer	454,441		6,697		5.85		445,545		6,517		5.87		516,342		10,043		7.72
Fees on loans			2,052		—				1,952		—				2,186		—
Less: allowance for loan losses	(64,464)		—		—		(62,685)		—		—		(61,236)		—		—
Net loans	7,819,214		111,143		5.64		7,585,877		106,616		5.64		7,400,940		106,349		5.70
Total earning assets	11,102,581		134,543		4.81	%	10,552,166		128,271		4.88	%	10,154,591		126,438		4.94	%
Nonearning Assets	1,190,751						1,156,372						1,136,698
Total Assets	$	12,293,332					$	11,708,538					$	11,291,289
Interest Bearing Liabilities⁽³⁾
Savings	$	5,643,722	$	13,301	0.94	%	$	5,360,355	$	11,895	0.89	%	$	4,932,013	$	6,980	0.56	%
Time deposits	1,149,064		4,681		1.62		1,142,842		4,243		1.49		1,193,971		3,112		1.03
Short-term borrowings	102,440		250		0.97		92,977		338		1.46		148,041		464		1.24
Other borrowings	279,718		3,850		5.46		276,275		3,819		5.54		270,924		3,660		5.36
Total interest bearing liabilities	7,174,944		22,082		1.22	%	6,872,449		20,295		1.18	%	6,544,949		14,216		0.86	%
Noninterest Bearing Liabilities⁽³⁾
Noninterest bearing deposits	3,460,857						3,287,559						3,404,759
Accrued interest and other liabilities	116,162						106,142						77,786
Total noninterest bearing liabilities	3,577,019						3,393,701						3,482,545
Stockholders' Equity	1,541,369						1,442,388						1,263,795
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	12,293,332					$	11,708,538					$	11,291,289
Net interest income, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)⁽¹⁾			$	112,461					$	107,976					$	112,222
Net interest spread⁽¹⁾					3.59	%					3.70	%					4.08	%
Net interest income, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP) to total earning assets					4.02	%					4.10	%					4.38	%










(1) Computed on a tax-equivalent basis using an effective tax rate of 21%.
(2) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale are included in the average loans outstanding.
(3) Includes deposits held for sale.


ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE BALANCES, TAX EQUIVALENT YIELDS AND RATES ⁽¹⁾
DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS

	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2019										September 30, 2018
	Average Balance		Interest		Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Rate
Earning Assets
Securities:
Taxable	$	2,350,120	$	50,566	2.88	%	$	1,937,053	$	38,280	2.64	%
Nontaxable⁽¹⁾	327,150		9,830		4.02	%	444,127		13,485		4.06
Total securities	2,677,270		60,396		3.02		2,381,180		51,765		2.91
Interest bearing deposits with other banks and other short-term investments	334,191		5,742		2.30		183,905		2,413		1.75
Federal funds sold	185		4		2.89		471		—		—
Loans:⁽²⁾
Commercial and commercial real estate⁽¹⁾	5,978,304		247,275		5.53		5,319,862		211,557		5.32
Residential mortgage	670,896		23,396		4.66		688,367		23,365		4.54
Agricultural and agricultural real estate⁽¹⁾	554,344		22,433		5.41		542,755		20,579		5.07
Consumer	446,546		19,693		5.90		489,417		27,895		7.62
Fees on loans			6,008		—				6,606		—
Less: allowance for loan losses	(63,271)		—		—		(58,810)		—		—
Net loans	7,586,819		318,805		5.62		6,981,591		290,002		5.55
Total earning assets	10,598,465		384,947		4.86	%	9,547,147		344,180		4.82	%
Nonearning Assets	1,161,655						1,023,306
Total Assets	$	11,760,120					$	10,570,453
Interest Bearing Liabilities⁽³⁾
Savings	$	5,376,999	$	35,279	0.88	%	$	4,681,710	$	16,306	0.47	%
Time deposits	1,109,302		12,054		1.45		1,048,878		7,535		0.96
Short-term borrowings	129,928		1,477		1.52		149,453		1,279		1.14
Other borrowings	275,642		11,333		5.50		271,234		10,726		5.29
Total interest bearing liabilities	6,891,871		60,143		1.17	%	6,151,275		35,846		0.78	%
Noninterest Bearing Liabilities⁽³⁾
Noninterest bearing deposits	3,317,187						3,207,709
Accrued interest and other liabilities	110,308						71,506
Total noninterest bearing liabilities	3,427,495						3,279,215
Stockholders' Equity	1,440,754						1,139,963
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	11,760,120					$	10,570,453
Net interest income, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP)⁽¹⁾			$	324,804					$	308,334
Net interest spread⁽¹⁾					3.69	%					4.04	%
Net interest income, fully tax-equivalent (non-GAAP) to total earning assets					4.10	%					4.32	%





(1) Computed on a tax-equivalent basis using an effective tax rate of 21%.
(2) Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale are included in the average loans outstanding.
(3) Includes deposits held for sale.

Provision For Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is established through provision expense to provide, in Heartland management's opinion, an appropriate allowance for loan losses. The provision for loan losses was $5.2 million for the third quarter of 2019 and 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, provision expense totaled $11.8 million compared to $14.3 million for the same period of 2018.

The impact of the sale of the Citizen's Finance loan portfolios resulted in net recoveries of $1,800 for the third quarter and $629,000 for the first nine months of 2019, compared to net charge-offs of $805,000 in the third quarter of 2018 and $2.3 million for the first nine months of 2018. As a result of the sale of the Citizen's Finance loan portfolios, Heartland recorded

negative provision expense of $1,800 and $629,000 for the third quarter of 2019 and first nine months of 2019, respectively. Provision expense related to the Citizen's Finance loan portfolios of $769,000 and $2.3 million, respectively, was recorded for the same periods of 2018. This was a change to provision expense of $771,000 and $2.9 million for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, for the Citizen's Finance loan portfolios.

Given the size of Heartland's loan portfolio, the level of organic loan growth, acquired loans that move out of the purchase accounting pool, changes in credit quality and the variability that can occur in the factors considered when determining the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses, Heartland's provision for loan losses will vary from quarter to quarter. For additional details on the specific factors considered in establishing the allowance for loan losses, refer to the discussion of critical accounting policies set forth in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Heartland's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the information under the caption "Allowance For Loan Losses" in Item 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements included herein.

Heartland believes the allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2019, was at a level commensurate with the overall risk exposure of the loan portfolio. However, if economic conditions should deteriorate, certain borrowers may experience difficulty and the level of nonperforming loans, charge-offs and delinquencies could rise and require further increases in the provision for loan losses.

Noninterest Income

The tables below show Heartland's noninterest income for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Service charges and fees	$	12,366	$	12,895	$	(529)	(4)	%
Loan servicing income	821		1,670		(849)		(51)
Trust fees	4,959		4,499		460		10
Brokerage and insurance commissions	962		1,111		(149)		(13)
Securities gains/(losses), net	2,013		(145)		2,158		1,488
Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	144		54		90		167

Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	4,673		7,410		(2,737)		(37)
Valuation adjustment on servicing rights	(626)		230		(856)		(372)
Income on bank owned life insurance	881		892		(11)		(1)
Other noninterest income	3,207		1,149		2,058		179
Total noninterest income	$	29,400	$	29,765	$	(365)	(1)	%


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Service charges and fees	$	39,789	$	35,046	$	4,743	14	%
Loan servicing income	3,888		5,231		(1,343)		(26)
Trust fees	14,258		13,794		464		3
Brokerage and insurance commissions	2,724		2,895		(171)		(6)
Securities gains, net	7,168		1,037		6,131		591
Unrealized gain on equity securities, net	514		97		417		430

Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	12,192		18,261		(6,069)		(33)
Valuation adjustment on servicing rights	(1,579)		12		(1,591)		(13,258)
Income on bank owned life insurance	2,668		2,206		462		21
Other noninterest income	6,556		3,536		3,020		85
Total noninterest income	$	88,178	$	82,115	$	6,063	7	%

Total noninterest income totaled $29.4 million during the third quarter of 2019 compared to $29.8 million during the third quarter of 2018, a decrease of $365,000 or 1%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, total noninterest income totaled $88.2 million compared to $82.1 million for the first nine months of 2018, which was an increase of $6.1 million or 7%. The changes for the quarterly and nine month comparison were primarily the result of higher securities gains, net, which were partially offset by lower loan servicing income, net gains on sale of loans held for sale and valuation adjustment on servicing rights. Also impacting the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 were higher service charges and fees.

Service Charges and Fees

The following tables summarize the changes in service charges and fees for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	3,221	$	2,858	$	363	13	%
Overdraft fees	2,917		2,990		(73)		(2)
Customer service and other service fees	104		102		2		2
Credit card fee income	3,936		3,062		874		29
Debit card income	2,188		3,883		(1,695)		(44)

Total service charges and fees	$	12,366	$	12,895	$	(529)	(4)	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	9,383	$	8,270	$	1,113	13	%
Overdraft fees	8,537		7,716		821		11
Customer service and other service fees	270		268		2		1
Credit card fee income	11,555		8,443		3,112		37
Debit card income	10,044		10,349		(305)		(3)

Total service charges and fees	$	39,789	$	35,046	$	4,743	14	%

Total service charges and fees decreased $529,000 or 4% to $12.4 million during the third quarter of 2019 compared to $12.9 million during the third quarter of 2018, as increases in credit card fee income and service charges and fees on deposit accounts were offset by a decrease in debit card income. Total service charges and fees increased $4.7 million or 14% to $39.8 million during the first nine months of 2019 compared to $35.0 million for the same period of 2018, which was primarily attributable to higher service charges and fees on deposit accounts and higher credit card fee income.

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts increased $363,000 or 13% to $3.2 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $2.9 million for the third quarter of 2018. For the first nine months of 2019, service charges and fees on deposit accounts totaled $9.4 million compared to $8.3 million for the first nine months of 2018, which was an increase of $1.1 million or 13%. Overdraft fees decreased $73,000 or 2% to $2.9 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $3.0 million for the third quarter of 2018, and overdraft fees increased $821,000 or 11% during the first nine months of 2019 to $8.5 million compared to $7.7 million for the first nine months of 2018. The increases in service charges and fees on deposit accounts and overdraft fees were primarily attributable to a larger demand deposit customer base, a portion of which is attributable to the acquisitions completed in 2018 and the first half of 2019.

Fees associated with credit card services were $3.9 million during the third quarter of 2019 compared to $3.1 million during the third quarter of 2018, an increase of $874,000 or 29%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, credit card fee income totaled $11.6 million, which was an increase of $3.1 million or 37% from $8.4 million recorded in the same period of 2018. These increases resulted primarily from efforts to increase the level of commercial credit card services provided at Heartland's subsidiary banks, including at the recently acquired banks. Heartland has focused on expanding its card payment solutions for

businesses. In particular, Heartland has introduced an expense management service that provides business customers the ability to more efficiently manage their card-based spending.

Debit card income decreased $1.7 million or 44% to $2.2 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $3.9 million for the third quarter of 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, debit card income decreased $305,000 or 3% to $10.0 million from $10.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease for the quarterly period was primarily attributable to the impact of the Durbin Amendment, which restricts interchange fees to those which are "reasonable and proportionate" for certain debit card issuers and limits the ability of networks and issuers to restrict debit card transaction routing. The Durbin Amendment was effective for Heartland on July 1, 2019.

Loan Servicing Income

The following tables show the changes in loan servicing income for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Commercial and agricultural loan servicing fees⁽¹⁾	$	774	$	702	$	72	10	%
Residential mortgage servicing fees	519		2,610		(2,091)		(80)
Mortgage servicing rights amortization	(472)		(1,642)		1,170		71
Total loan servicing income	$	821	$	1,670	$	(849)	(51)	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Commercial and agricultural loan servicing fees⁽¹⁾	$	2,270	$	2,375	$	(105)	(4)	%
Residential mortgage servicing fees	4,484		7,250		(2,766)		(38)
Mortgage servicing rights amortization	(2,866)		(4,394)		1,528		35
Total loan servicing income	$	3,888	$	5,231	$	(1,343)	(26)	%

(1) Includes servicing fees for commercial, commercial real estate, agricultural and agricultural real estate loans.

Loan servicing income includes the fees collected for the servicing of commercial, agricultural, and mortgage loans, which are dependent upon the aggregate outstanding balances of these loans, rather than quarterly production and sale of these loans. Loan servicing income totaled $821,000 during the third quarter of 2019 compared to $1.7 million during the third quarter of 2018, a decrease of $849,000 or 51%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, loan servicing income totaled $3.9 million, which was a decrease of $1.3 million or 26% from $5.2 million recorded in the same period of 2018. The decrease for both the quarterly and year-to-date comparisons was primarily due to the sale of the mortgage servicing rights portfolio of Dubuque Bank and Trust Company, which occurred on April 30, 2019. This transaction does not impact the residential mortgage servicing portfolio of Heartland's PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation subsidiary.

Securities Gains, Net

Securities gains, net, totaled $2.0 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to net securities losses of $145,000 for the third quarter of 2018, which was an increase of $2.2 million. Securities gains, net, totaled $7.2 million and $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which was an increase of $6.1 million. Heartland's net unrealized gain on securities available for sale totaled $27.5 million at September 30, 2019, compared to net unrealized losses of $68.8 million at September 30, 2018.

Net Gains on Sale of Loans Held for Sale

During the third quarter of 2019, net gains on sale of loans held for sale totaled $4.7 million compared to $7.4 million during the same period in 2018, a decrease of $2.7 million or 37%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net gains on sales of loans held for sale totaled $12.2 million compared to $18.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, which was a decrease of $6.1 million or 33%. These decreases were primarily due to the outsourcing of Heartland's legacy residential mortgage lending operations in the fourth quarter of 2018.

Other Noninterest Income

Other noninterest income totaled $3.2 million and $1.1 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which was an increase of $2.1 million or 179%. Commercial swap fee income increased $1.3 million to $1.6 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $374,000 for the same quarter of 2018. Also included in other noninterest income for the third quarter of 2019 was a gain on the extinguishment of debt of $375,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, other noninterest income totaled $6.6 million and $3.5 million, respectively, which was an increase of $3.0 million or 85%. This increase was primarily attributable to a recovery of $266,000 on an acquired loan that was charged off prior to acquisition, $368,000 from a death benefit on bank owned life insurance, as well as the items impacting the third quarter of 2019.

Noninterest Expense

The tables below show Heartland's noninterest expenses for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, in thousands:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Salaries and employee benefits	$	50,027	$	49,921	$	106	—	%
Occupancy	6,594		6,348		246		4
Furniture and equipment	2,858		3,470		(612)		(18)
Professional fees	12,131		12,800		(669)		(5)

Advertising	2,737		2,754		(17)		(1)
Core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization	2,899		2,626		273		10
Other real estate and loan collection expenses, net	(89)		784		(873)		(111)
(Gain)/loss on sales/valuations of assets, net	356		912		(556)		(61)
Restructuring expenses	—		—		—		—
Other noninterest expenses	15,454		12,924		2,530		20
Total noninterest expenses	$	92,967	$	92,539	$	428	—	%


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		Change		% Change
Salaries and employee benefits	$	150,307	$	149,389	$	918	1	%
Occupancy	19,637		18,706		931		5
Furniture and equipment	8,770		9,403		(633)		(7)
Professional fees	38,478		32,880		5,598		17

Advertising	7,723		6,839		884		13
Core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization	9,054		6,763		2,291		34
Other real estate and loan collection expenses, net	774		2,464		(1,690)		(69)
(Gain)/loss on sales/valuations of assets, net	(20,934)		2,243		(23,177)		(1,033)
Restructuring expenses	3,227		2,564		663		26
Other noninterest expenses	39,259		33,816		5,443		16
Total noninterest expenses	$	256,295	$	265,067	$	(8,772)	(3)	%

For the third quarter of 2019, noninterest expenses totaled $93.0 million compared to $92.5 million during the third quarter of 2018, an increase of $428,000 or less than 1%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, total noninterest expenses were $256.3 million compared to $265.1 million for the same period of 2018, which was a decrease of $8.8 million or 3%.

Management has taken actions to streamline operations and reduce expenses, which included restructuring its mortgage lending operations, optimizing bank branch locations, and strategic initiative projects. Operation Customer Compass is anticipated to be complete by the end of 2019, and this project is focused on streamlining and automating processes. Expense reductions of over $10 million annually are expected to be realized once the Operation Customer Compass project is completed. Other process improvement projects will continue into mid-2020. Additionally, systems conversions of newly acquired entities are completed

as soon as possible after the closing of the transaction in order to optimize cost savings. Notable changes in noninterest expense categories for the quarterly and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

Professional Fees

Professional fees for the third quarter of 2019 totaled $12.1 million compared to $12.8 million for the same quarter of 2018, which was a decrease of $669,000 or 5%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, professional fees totaled $38.5 million compared to $32.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, which was an increase of $5.6 million or 17%. In the third quarter of 2019, Heartland's banks reversed the accrual for FDIC insurance assessments, which totaled $1.8 million, because the Deposit Insurance Fund ratio exceeded 1.38%, which is threshold required for assessment credits to be applied. This resulted in a benefit recorded in professional fees of $1.8 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to expense of $1.1 million for the third quarter of 2018. Future FDIC insurance assessment expense may continue to be reduced by the assessment credits depending on the level of the Deposit Insurance Fund until the credits are fully utilized.

Professional fees related to Heartland's 2019 strategic initiative projects totaled $1.2 million for the third quarter and $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The remainder of the increase for both the quarterly and year-to-date comparisons was primarily attributable to professional fees incurred at recently acquired entities, model validation expenses, and increased advisory services associated with the higher level of regulation resulting from Heartland having assets over $10 billion.

Core Deposit and Customer Relationship Intangibles Amortization

Core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization was $2.9 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $2.6 million for the same quarter of 2018, which was an increase of $273,000 or 10%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, core deposit and customer relationship intangibles amortization was $9.1 million compared to $6.8 million for the same period of 2018, which was an increase of $2.3 million or 34%. The increase for the quarterly comparison was due to recent acquisitions. The increase for the nine-month comparison was due to recent acquisitions and write-offs totaling $682,000 related to the branch sales at Illinois Bank & Trust, Citywide Banks and Wisconsin Bank & Trust.

Gain/Loss on Sales/Valuations of Assets, Net

Net losses on sales/valuations of assets totaled $356,000 during the third quarter of 2019 compared to $912,000 for the third quarter of 2018, which was a decrease of $556,000 or 61%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net gains on sales/valuations of assets totaled $20.9 million compared to net losses on sales/valuations of assets of $2.2 million, which was a change of $23.2 million. In the second quarter of 2019, gains of $19.8 million were recorded in conjunction with the branch sales at Illinois Bank & Trust, Citywide Banks, and Dubuque Bank and Trust Company, and the sale of Dubuque Bank and Trust Company's mortgage servicing rights portfolio. Additionally, a gain of $3.5 million was recorded related to the sale of two branches at Wisconsin Bank & Trust in the first quarter of 2019.

Other noninterest expenses

Other noninterest expenses totaled $15.5 million for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $12.9 million for the third quarter of 2018, which was an increase of $2.5 million or 20%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, other noninterest expenses totaled $39.3 million and $33.8 million, respectively, which was an increase of $5.4 million or 16%. Write-downs on partnership investments which qualified for tax credits totaled $3.1 million and $5.0 million for the quarter and the nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to $338,000 for the same periods of 2018.

Efficiency Ratio

One of Heartland's top priorities is to improve its efficiency ratio, on a fully tax-equivalent basis, by reducing it to the 55-60% range over the next twelve to eighteen months. During the third quarter of 2019, Heartland's efficiency ratio on a fully tax-equivalent basis decreased by 59 basis points to 61.92% in comparison with 62.51% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Heartland's efficiency ratio was 63.95%, which was an improvement of 108 basis points from 65.03% for the same period of 2018.

Income Taxes

Heartland's effective tax rate was 18.66% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 20.99% for the third quarter of 2018. Included in Heartland's third quarter 2019 and 2018 tax calculations were solar energy tax credits of $2.0 million and $223,000, respectively. Federal low-income housing tax credits included in the determination of Heartland's income taxes totaled $281,000 for the third quarter of 2019 compared to $307,000 for the third quarter of 2018. Tax-exempt interest income as a percentage of pre-tax income declined to 10.08% during the third quarter of 2019 from 13.62% during the third quarter of 2018.

Heartland's effective tax rate was 21.14% and 20.24% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Included in Heartland's tax calculation for the first nine months of 2019 and 2018 were solar energy tax credits of $3.2 million and $223,000, respectively. Federal low-income housing tax credits include in the determination of Heartland's income taxes were $843,000 and $921,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The tax-exempt interest income as a percentage of pre-tax income declined to 10.19% during the first nine months of 2019 from 16.49% during the first nine months of 2018.

Heartland's income taxes included a tax benefit of $270,000 and $672,000 for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, respectively, resulting from the vesting of outstanding restricted stock unit awards and options. The majority of Heartland's restricted stock unit awards vest in the first quarter of each year.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total assets of Heartland were $12.57 billion at September 30, 2019, an increase of $1.16 billion or 10% since December 31, 2018. Excluding $766.2 million of assets acquired at fair value in the BVBC transaction, total assets increased $395.0 million or 3% since year-end 2018. Securities represented 25% and 24% of total assets at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Lending Activities

The commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolio includes a wide range of business loans, including lines of credit for working capital and operational purposes and term loans for the acquisition of equipment and real estate. Although most loans are made on a secured basis, loans may be made on an unsecured basis if warranted by the overall financial condition of the borrower. Terms of commercial business loans generally range from one to five years. Commercial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flow of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The collateral that Heartland requires for most of these loans is based upon the discounted market value of the collateral. The primary repayment risks of commercial loans are that the cash flow of the borrowers may be unpredictable, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Heartland seeks to minimize these risks in a variety of ways. The underwriting analysis includes credit verification, analysis of global cash flows, appraisals and a review of the financial condition of the borrower. Personal guarantees are frequently required as a tertiary form of repayment. In addition, when underwriting loans for commercial real estate, careful consideration is given to the property's operating history, future operating projections, current and projected occupancy, location and physical condition. Heartland also utilizes government guaranteed lending through the U.S. Small Business Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Rural Development Business and Industry Program to assist customers with longer-term funding and to reduce risk.

Agricultural loans, many of which are secured by crops, machinery and real estate, are provided to finance capital improvements and farm operations as well as acquisitions of livestock and machinery. Agricultural loans present unique credit risks relating to adverse weather conditions, loss of livestock due to disease or other reasons, declines in market prices for agricultural products and the impact of government regulations. The ultimate repayment of agricultural loans is dependent upon the profitable operation or management of the agricultural entity. In underwriting agricultural loans, lending personnel work closely with their customers to review budgets and cash flow projections for crop production for the ensuing year. These budgets and cash flow projections are monitored closely during the year and reviewed with the customers at least annually. Lending personnel also work closely with governmental agencies, including the Farm Service Agency, to help agricultural customers obtain credit enhancement products such as loan guarantees or interest assistance.

During the fourth quarter of 2018, Heartland entered into arrangements with third parties to offer residential mortgage loans to customers in many of its markets. In addition, the acquisition in 2018 of First Bank & Trust in Lubbock, Texas, included its wholly owned mortgage subsidiary, PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation. PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation provides mortgage loans to customers in Texas and has expanded to also serve the mortgage needs of customers in several of Heartland's southwestern markets. PrimeWest Mortgage Corporation services the loans it sells into the secondary market.

Consumer lending includes motor vehicle, home improvement, home equity and small personal credit lines. Consumer loans typically have shorter terms, lower balances, higher yields and higher risks of default than one-to-four-family residential mortgage loans. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower's continuing financial stability, and are therefore

more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances. Risk is reduced through underwriting criteria, which include credit verification, appraisals, a review of the borrower's financial condition, and personal cash flows. A security interest, with title insurance when necessary, is taken in the underlying real estate.

Total loans held to maturity were $7.97 billion at September 30, 2019, compared to $7.41 billion at December 31, 2018, an increase of $563.9 million or 8%. This change includes $542.0 million of total loans held to maturity acquired in the BVBC transaction. During the first quarter of 2019, Heartland classified $32.1 million of loans as held for sale in conjunction with the branch sales. Excluding the reclassification of loans to held for sale and the BVBC transaction, total loans held to maturity increased $54.0 million or 1% since December 31, 2018. Loan changes by category were

•Commercial and commercial real estate loans totaled $6.39 billion at September 30, 2019, compared to $5.73 billion at December 31, 2018, which was an increase of $661.9 million or 12%. Excluding $14.9 million of commercial and commercial real estate loans classified as held for sale during the first quarter of 2019 and $480.1 million of loans acquired in the BVBC transaction, commercial and commercial real estate loans increased $196.6 million or 3% since year-end.

•Agricultural and agricultural real estate loans totaled $545.0 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $565.4 million at December 31, 2018, which was a decrease of $20.4 million or 4%. Excluding $6.6 million of agricultural and agricultural real estate loans classified as held for sale during the first quarter of 2019 and $1.8 million of loans acquired in the BVBC transaction, agricultural and agricultural real estate loans decreased $15.6 million or 3% since year-end.

•Residential mortgage loans decreased $83.8 million or 12% to $589.8 million at September 30, 2019, from $673.6 million at December 31, 2018. Excluding $2.0 million of residential mortgage loans classified as held for sale during the first quarter of 2019 and $17.2 million of loans acquired in the BVBC transaction, residential mortgage loans decreased $99.0 million or 15% since year-end, primarily as a result of customers refinancing loans due to the recent decreases in mortgage interest rates.

•Consumer loans increased $7.6 million or 2% to $447.7 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $440.2 million at December 31, 2018. Excluding $8.6 million of loans classified as held for sale during the first quarter of 2019 and $42.9 million of loans acquired in the BVBC transaction, consumer loans decreased $26.7 million or 6% since year-end, primarily as a result of customers refinancing loans due to the recent decreases in mortgage interest rates.

The table below presents the composition of the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


LOAN PORTFOLIO	September 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Loans receivable held to maturity:
Commercial	$	2,276,916	28.56	%	$	2,020,231	27.26	%
Commercial real estate	4,116,680		51.61		3,711,481		50.08
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	545,006		6.83		565,408		7.63
Residential mortgage	589,793		7.39		673,603		9.09
Consumer	447,718		5.61		440,158		5.94
Gross loans receivable held to maturity	7,976,113		100.00	%	7,410,881		100.00	%
Unearned discount	(833)				(1,624)
Deferred loan fees	(3,672)				(1,560)
Total net loans receivable held to maturity	7,971,608				7,407,697






Allowance for loan losses	(66,222)				(61,963)
Loans receivable, net	$	7,905,386			$	7,345,734

Loans secured by real estate, either fully or partially, totaled $5.10 billion or 64% of gross loans at September 30, 2019. Exclusive of purchase accounting valuations at September 30, 2019, approximately 49% of the properties securing non-farm, nonresidential real estate loans are owner occupied. The largest categories of Heartland's loans secured by real estate at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, are listed below, in thousands:


LOANS SECURED BY REAL ESTATE
	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Residential real estate, excluding residential construction and residential lot loans	$	1,051,362	$	1,119,942
Industrial, manufacturing, business and commercial	630,781		805,265
Agriculture	281,143		270,023
Retail	465,184		435,680
Office	681,065		485,262
Land development and lots	228,997		216,665
Hotel, resort and hospitality	316,795		233,735
Multi-family	346,381		311,319
Food and beverage	134,721		130,981
Warehousing	203,697		186,436
Health services	262,696		182,882
Residential construction	188,639		171,116
All other	309,949		255,145


Total loans secured by real estate	$	5,101,410	$	4,804,451

Allowance For Loan Losses

The process utilized by Heartland to determine the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting practice for Heartland and has remained consistent over the past several years. The allowance for loan losses represents management's estimate of identified and unidentified probable losses in the existing loan portfolio. For additional details on the specific factors considered in determining the allowance for loan losses, refer to the critical accounting policies section of Heartland's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Heartland's nonpass loans totaled 7.03% of total loans as of September 30, 2019 compared to 6.26% of total loans as of December 31, 2018. As of September 30, 2019, Heartland's nonpass loans consisted of approximately 62% special mention loans and 38% substandard loans. The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2019, was 13%. As of December 31, 2018, Heartland's nonpass loans were comprised of approximately 52% special mention loans and 48% substandard loans. The percent of nonpass loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2018, was 16%.

Nonperforming loans were $72.2 million or 0.91% of total loans at September 30, 2019, compared to $72.7 million or 0.98% of total loans at December 31, 2018. At September 30, 2019, approximately $38.2 million or 53% of Heartland's nonperforming loans had individual loan balances exceeding $1.0 million and represented loans to thirteen borrowers. At September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, Heartland had $6.5 million and $7.7 million, respectively, of nonperforming residential real estate loans that were repurchased under various Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") or other guaranteed loan programs. The portion of Heartland's nonperforming nonresidential real estate loans covered by government guarantees totaled $12.4 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $7.7 million at December 31, 2018.

The allowance for loan losses was 0.83% and 0.84% of loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and 91.66% and 85.27% of nonperforming loans at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. Excluding the acquired loans covered by the valuation reserves, the ratio of the allowance for loan losses to outstanding loans was 1.00% and 1.03% at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, valuation reserves totaled $42.1 million and covered $1.65 billion of acquired loans. At December 31, 2018, valuation reserves totaled $40.9 million and covered $1.63 billion of acquired loans. Loans delinquent 30-89 days as a percent of total loans was 0.28% at September 30, 2019, in comparison with 0.21% at December 31, 2018.

The table below presents the changes in the allowance for loan losses during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, in thousands:


ANALYSIS OF ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	63,850		$	61,324
Provision for loan losses	5,201			5,238
Recoveries on loans previously charged off	2,013			779

Charge-offs on loans	(4,842)			(6,120)
Balance at end of period	$	66,222		$	61,221
Annualized ratio of net charge offs to average loans	0.14		%	0.28		%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	61,963		$	55,686
Provision for loan losses	11,754			14,332
Recoveries on loans previously charged off	4,077			2,711

Charge-offs on loans	(11,572)			(11,508)

Balance at end of period	$	66,222		$	61,221
Annualized ratio of net charge offs to average loans	0.13		%	0.17		%

The table below presents the amounts of nonperforming loans and other nonperforming assets on the dates indicated, in thousands:


NONPERFORMING ASSETS	September 30,									December 31,
	2019			2018			2018			2017
Nonaccrual loans	$	72,208		$	73,060		$	71,943		$	62,581
Loans contractually past due 90 days or more	40			154			726			830
Total nonperforming loans	72,248			73,214			72,669			63,411
Other real estate	6,425			11,908			6,153			10,777
Other repossessed assets	13			495			459			411
Total nonperforming assets	$	78,686		$	85,617		$	79,281		$	74,599







Performing troubled debt restructured loans⁽¹⁾	$	3,199		$	4,180		$	4,026		$	6,617
Nonperforming loans to total loans	0.91		%	0.99		%	0.98		%	0.99		%
Nonperforming assets to total loans plus repossessed property	0.99		%	1.16		%	1.07		%	1.17		%
Nonperforming assets to total assets	0.63		%	0.76		%	0.69		%	0.76		%

(1) Represents accruing troubled debt restructured loans performing according to their restructured terms.

The schedules below summarize the changes in Heartland's nonperforming assets during the three- and nine-month periods of 2019, in thousands:


	Nonperforming Loans		Other Real Estate Owned		Other Repossessed Assets		Total Nonperforming Assets
June 30, 2019	$	79,904	$	6,646	$	39	$	86,589
Loan foreclosures	(2,784)		2,766		18		—
Net loan charge-offs	(2,829)		—		—		(2,829)
Acquired nonperforming assets	—		—		—		—
New nonperforming loans	6,818		—		—		6,818
Reduction of nonperforming loans⁽¹⁾	(8,861)		—		—		(8,861)
OREO/Repossessed assets sales proceeds	—		(3,043)		(22)		(3,065)
OREO/Repossessed assets writedowns, net	—		56		(20)		36
Net activity at Citizens Finance Co.	—		—		(2)		(2)
September 30, 2019	$	72,248	$	6,425	$	13	$	78,686
(1) Includes principal reductions and transfers to performing status.


	Nonperforming Loans		Other Real Estate Owned		Other Repossessed Assets		Total Nonperforming Assets
December 31, 2018	$	72,669	$	6,153	$	459	$	79,281
Loan foreclosures	(7,631)		7,421		210		—
Net loan charge-offs	(7,495)		—		—		(7,495)
Acquired nonperforming assets	230		—		—		230
New nonperforming loans	35,820		—		—		35,820
Reduction of nonperforming loans⁽¹⁾	(21,345)		—		—		(21,345)
OREO/Repossessed assets sales proceeds	—		(6,268)		(177)		(6,445)
OREO/Repossessed assets writedowns, net	—		(881)		(32)		(913)
Net activity at Citizens Finance Co.	—		—		(447)		(447)
September 30, 2019	$	72,248	$	6,425	$	13	$	78,686

(1) Includes principal reductions and transfers to performing status.

Securities

The composition of Heartland's securities portfolio is managed to maximize the return on the portfolio while considering the impact it has on Heartland's asset/liability position and liquidity needs. Securities represented 25% and 24% of total assets at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. Total securities carried at fair value as of September 30, 2019, were $3.02 billion, an increase of $569.9 million or 23% from $2.45 billion at December 31, 2018.

The table below presents the composition of the securities portfolio, including securities carried at fair value, held to maturity securities and other, by major category, as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


SECURITIES PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION	September 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	8,950	0.29	%	$	31,951	1.18	%
Mortgage and asset-backed securities	2,480,677		79.05		2,026,698		74.64
Obligation of states and political subdivisions	600,544		19.14		611,257		22.50

Equity securities	18,362		0.59		17,086		0.63
Other securities	29,042		0.93		28,396		1.05
Total securities	$	3,137,575	100.00	%	$	2,715,388	100.00	%

The percentage of Heartland's securities portfolio comprised of mortgage and asset-backed securities was 79% at September 30, 2019, compared to 75% at December 31, 2018. Heartland's securities portfolio had an expected modified duration of 5.63 years as of September 30, 2019, compared to 4.01 years as of year-end 2018.

At September 30, 2019, Heartland had $29.0 million of other securities, including capital stock in each Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of which each of its bank subsidiaries is a member. All of these securities were classified as other securities held at cost.

Deposits

Total deposits were $10.47 billion as of September 30, 2019, compared to $9.40 billion at December 31, 2018, an increase of $1.07 billion or 11%. This increase includes $617.1 million of deposits acquired at fair value in the BVBC transaction. During the first quarter of 2019, Heartland classified $77.0 million of deposits as held for sale in conjunction with the branch sales. Exclusive of the reclassification of deposits to held for sale and the deposits acquired at fair value in the BVBC transaction, total deposits increased $533.3 million or 6% since December 31, 2018. Deposit changes by category were:

•Demand deposits increased $316.4 million or 10% to $3.58 billion at September 30, 2019, compared to $3.26 billion at December 31, 2018. Excluding $164.9 million of demand deposits acquired in the BVBC transaction and $17.3 million of demand deposits classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2019, demand deposits increased $168.8 million or 5% since year-end 2018.

•Savings deposits increased $662.8 million or 13% to $5.77 billion at September 30, 2019, from $5.11 billion at December 31, 2018. Excluding savings deposits of $346.2 million acquired in the BVBC transaction and $47.8 million of savings deposits classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2019, savings deposits increased $364.4 million or 7% since year-end 2018.

•Time deposits increased $94.2 million or 9% to $1.12 billion at September 30, 2019 from $1.02 billion at December 31, 2018. Excluding time deposits of $106.0 million acquired in the BVBC transaction and $11.9 million of time deposits classified as held for sale in the first quarter of 2019, time deposits increased $100,000 or less than 1% since year-end 2018.

The table below presents the composition of Heartland's deposits by category as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


DEPOSITS	September 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Demand	$	3,581,127	34.20	%	$	3,264,737	34.74	%
Savings	5,770,754		55.12		5,107,962		54.37
Time	1,117,975		10.68		1,023,730		10.89
Total	$	10,469,856	100.00	%	$	9,396,429	100.00	%

Short-Term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings, which Heartland defines as borrowings with an original maturity of one year or less, were as follows as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase	$	85,715	$	80,124
Federal funds purchased	5,850		35,400
Advances from the FHLB	—		100,838

Other short-term borrowings	16,288		10,648
Total	$	107,853	$	227,010

Short-term borrowings generally include federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, short-term FHLB advances and discount window borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank. These funding alternatives are utilized in varying degrees depending on their pricing and availability. All of Heartland's bank subsidiaries own FHLB stock in one of the

Chicago, Dallas, Des Moines, San Francisco or Topeka FHLBs, enabling them to borrow funds from their respective FHLB for short-term or long-term purposes under a variety of programs. The amount of short-term borrowings of Heartland was $107.9 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $227.0 million at year-end 2018, a decrease of $119.2 million or 52%.

All of the Heartland bank subsidiaries provide retail repurchase agreements to their customers as a cash management tool, which sweep excess funds from demand deposit accounts into these agreements. Although the aggregate balance of these retail repurchase agreements is subject to variation, the account relationships represented by these balances are principally local. The balances of retail repurchase agreements were $85.7 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $80.1 million at December 31, 2018, an increase of $5.6 million or 7%.

Heartland renewed its $30.0 million revolving credit line agreement with an unaffiliated bank on June 14, 2019. This revolving credit line agreement is included in short-term borrowings, and the primary purpose of this credit line agreement is to provide liquidity to Heartland. Heartland had no advances on this line during the first nine months of 2019, and the outstanding balance was $0 at both September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018.

Other Borrowings

The outstanding balances of other borrowings, which Heartland defines as borrowings with an original maturity date of more than one year, are shown in the table below, net of discount and issuance costs amortization as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, in thousands:


	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Advances from the FHLB	$	3,260	$	3,399

Trust preferred securities	145,098		130,913
Senior notes	—		5,000
Note payable to unaffiliated bank	53,167		58,417
Contracts payable for purchase of real estate and other assets	1,908		1,953
Subordinated notes	74,250		74,143
Other borrowings	734		1,080
Total	$	278,417	$	274,905

As of September 30, 2019, the amount of other borrowings was $278.4 million, an increase of $3.5 million or 1% since year-end 2018. Heartland acquired $6.9 million of subordinated debt in the BVBC transaction that was simultaneously paid off with the closing of the transaction. Trust preferred securities with a fair value of $16.1 million were also acquired in the BVBC transaction.

Heartland has a non-revolving credit facility with an unaffiliated bank, which provides a borrowing capacity of up to $70.0 million. At September 30, 2019, $53.2 million was outstanding on this non-revolving credit line compared to $58.4 million outstanding at December 31, 2018. At September 30, 2019, Heartland had $14.8 million available on this non-revolving credit facility, of which no balance was drawn.

A schedule of Heartland's trust preferred securities outstanding excluding deferred issuance costs, as of September 30, 2019, is as follows, in thousands:

Amount
Issued

Issuance
Date

Interest
Rate

Interest

Rate as of 9/30/19⁽¹⁾

Maturity
Date

Callable
Date

Heartland Financial Statutory Trust IV

10,310

03/17/2004

2.75% over LIBOR

4.89%

⁽²⁾

03/17/2034

12/17/2019

Heartland Financial Statutory Trust V

20,619

01/27/2006

1.33% over LIBOR

3.63%

⁽³⁾

04/07/2036

01/07/2020

Heartland Financial Statutory Trust VI

20,619

06/21/2007

1.48% over LIBOR

3.60%

⁽⁴⁾

09/15/2037

12/15/2019

Heartland Financial Statutory Trust VII

18,042

06/26/2007

1.48% over LIBOR

3.61%

⁽⁵⁾

09/01/2037

12/01/2019

Morrill Statutory Trust I

9,064

12/19/2002

3.25% over LIBOR

5.36%

12/26/2032

12/26/2019

Morrill Statutory Trust II

8,726

12/17/2003

2.85% over LIBOR

4.99%

12/17/2033

12/17/2019

Sheboygan Statutory Trust I

6,506

09/17/2003

2.95% over LIBOR

5.09%

09/17/2033

12/17/2019

CBNM Capital Trust I

4,396

09/10/2004

3.25% over LIBOR

5.37%

12/15/2034

12/15/2019

Citywide Capital Trust III

6,424

12/19/2003

2.80% over LIBOR

5.07%

12/19/2033

01/23/2020

Citywide Capital Trust IV

4,281

09/30/2004

2.20% over LIBOR

4.35%

09/30/2034

11/23/2019

Citywide Capital Trust V

11,692

05/31/2006

1.54% over LIBOR

3.66%

07/25/2036

12/15/2019

OCGI Statutory Trust III

2,995

06/27/2002

3.65% over LIBOR

5.95%

⁽⁶⁾

09/30/2032

12/30/2019

OCGI Capital Trust IV

5,328

09/23/2004

2.50% over LIBOR

4.62%

⁽⁷⁾

12/15/2034

12/15/2019

BVBC Capital Trust II

7,187

04/10/2003

3.25% over LIBOR

5.50%

04/24/2033

01/24/2020

BVBC Capital Trust III

9,003

07/29/2005

1.60% over LIBOR

3.70%

09/30/2035

12/30/2019

145,192

(1) Effective weighted average interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 4.94% due to interest rate swap transactions on the variable rate securities as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(2) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 5.01% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(3) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 4.69% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(4) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 3.87% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(5) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 3.83% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(6) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 5.53% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

(7) Effective interest rate as of September 30, 2019, was 4.37% due to an interest rate swap transaction as discussed in Note 7 to Heartland's consolidated financial statements included herein.

CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

The Federal Reserve Board, which supervises bank holding companies, has adopted capital adequacy guidelines that are used to assess the adequacy of capital of a bank holding company. Under Basel III, Heartland must hold a conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios; however, the transition provisions related to the conservation buffer have been extended indefinitely.

The most recent notification from the FDIC categorized Heartland and each of its bank subsidiaries as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the categorization of any of these entities.

Heartland's capital ratios are calculated in accordance with Federal Reserve Board instructions and are required regulatory financial measures. The following table illustrates Heartland's capital ratios and the Federal Reserve Board's current capital adequacy guidelines for the dates indicated, in thousands. The table also indicates the fully-phased in capital conservation buffer, but the requirements to comply have been extended indefinitely.


	Total Capital (to Risk- Weighted Assets)			Tier 1 Capital (to Risk- Weighted Assets)			Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk- Weighted Assets)			Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)
September 30, 2019	14.55		%	13.04		%	11.50		%	10.39		%
Minimum capital requirement	8.00		%	6.00		%	4.50		%	4.00		%
Well capitalized requirement	10.00		%	8.00		%	6.50		%	5.00		%
Minimum capital requirement, including fully-phased in capital conservation buffer	10.50		%	8.50		%	7.00		%	N/A
Risk-weighted assets	$	9,418,827		$	9,418,827		$	9,418,827		N/A
Average Assets	N/A			N/A			N/A			$	11,830,836

December 31, 2018	13.72		%	12.16		%	10.66		%	9.73		%
Minimum capital requirement	8.00		%	6.00		%	4.50		%	4.00		%
Well capitalized requirement	10.00		%	8.00		%	6.50		%	5.00		%
Minimum capital requirement, including fully-phased in capital conservation buffer (2019)	10.50		%	8.50		%	7.00		%	N/A
Risk-weighted assets	$	8,756,130		$	8,756,130		$	8,756,130		N/A
Average Assets	N/A			N/A			N/A			$	10,946,440

At September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, retained earnings that could be available for the payment of dividends to meet the minimum capital requirements totaled $555.2 million and $486.5 million, respectively. Retained earnings that could be available for the payment of dividends to Heartland from its banks totaled approximately $366.3 million and $311.3 million at September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, under the capital requirements to remain well capitalized.

On August 8, 2019, Heartland filed a universal shelf registration statement with the SEC to register debt or equity securities. This shelf registration statement, which was effective immediately, provided Heartland with the ability to raise capital, subject to market conditions and SEC rules and limitations, if Heartland's board of directors decided to do so. This registration statement permitted Heartland, from time to time, in one or more public offerings, to offer debt securities, subordinated notes, common stock, preferred stock, rights or any combination of these securities. The amount of securities that may have been offered was not specified in the registration statement, and the terms of any future offerings were to be established at the time of the offering.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Heartland enters into mortgage banking derivatives, which are classified as free standing derivatives. These derivatives include interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of such loans. Heartland enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of residential mortgage loans when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of future interest rate changes on the commitments to fund the loans as well as on the residential mortgage loans available for sale. See Note 7, "Derivative Financial Instruments," to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on Heartland's derivative financial instruments.

Heartland also enters into financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.

Off-balance sheet arrangements were disclosed in Heartland's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. There have been no material changes to Heartland's off-balance sheet arrangements since that report was filed.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Commitments and Contractual Obligations

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Heartland's bank subsidiaries evaluate the creditworthiness of customers to which they extend a credit commitment on a case-by-case basis and may require collateral to secure any credit extended. The amount of collateral obtained is based upon management's credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment and income-producing commercial properties. Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are conditional commitments issued by Heartland's bank subsidiaries to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. At September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, commitments to extend credit aggregated $2.66 billion and $2.47 billion, respectively. Standby letters of credit aggregated $77.2 million at September 30, 2019, and $71.9 million at December 31, 2018.

Contractual obligations and other commitments were disclosed in Heartland's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Except for the purchase and assumption agreement entered into by Heartland's Illinois Bank & Trust subsidiary to acquire substantially all of the assets and substantially all of the deposits and certain other liabilities of Rockford Bank and Trust Company described below, there have been no material changes to Heartland's contractual obligations and other commitments since that report was filed.

Heartland continues to explore opportunities to expand the size of its independent community banks. In the current banking industry environment, Heartland seeks these opportunities for growth through acquisitions. Heartland is primarily focused on possible acquisitions in the markets it currently serves, in which there would be an opportunity to increase market share, achieve efficiencies and provide greater convenience for current customers. However, Heartland may also pursue acquisitions in areas outside of its current geographic footprint. Future expenditures relating to expansion efforts, in addition to those identified above, cannot be estimated at this time.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Heartland enters into mortgage banking derivatives, which are classified as free standing derivatives. These derivatives include interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of these loans. Heartland enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of residential mortgage loans when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of future interest rate changes on the commitments to fund these loans and on the residential mortgage loans held as available for sale. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements include in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information on Heartland's derivative financial instruments.

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity refers to Heartland's ability to maintain a cash flow that is adequate to meet maturing obligations and existing commitments, to withstand fluctuations in deposit levels, to fund operations and to provide for customers’ credit needs. The liquidity of Heartland principally depends on cash flows from operating activities, investment in and maturity of assets, changes in balances of deposits and borrowings and its ability to borrow funds in the money or capital markets.

At September 30, 2019, Heartland had $447.8 million of cash and cash equivalents, time deposits in other financial institutions of $3.7 million and securities carried at fair value of $3.02 billion.

Management of investing and financing activities, and market conditions, determine the level and the stability of net interest cash flows. Management attempts to mitigate the impact of changes in market interest rates to the extent possible, so that balance sheet growth is the principal determinant of growth in net interest cash flows.

Heartland's short-term borrowing balances are dependent on commercial cash management and smaller correspondent bank relationships and, as a result, will normally fluctuate. Management believes these balances, on average, to be stable sources of funds; however, Heartland intends to rely on deposit growth and additional FHLB borrowings as needed in the future.

Additional funding is provided by long-term debt and short-term borrowings. In the event of short-term liquidity needs, Heartland's banks may purchase federal funds from each other or from correspondent banks and may also borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank. As of September 30, 2019, Heartland had $107.9 million of short-term borrowings outstanding. As of September 30, 2019, Heartland had $278.4 million of long-term debt outstanding, and it is an important funding source because of its multi-year borrowing structure. Additionally, the banks' FHLB memberships give them the ability to borrow funds for short-term and long-term purposes under a variety of programs. At September 30, 2019, Heartland had $1.55 billion of borrowing capacity under these programs.

On a consolidated basis, Heartland maintains a large balance of short-term securities that, when combined with cash from operations, Heartland believes are adequate to meet its funding obligations.

At the parent company level, routine funding requirements consist primarily of dividends paid to stockholders, debt service on revolving credit arrangements and trust preferred securities issuances, repayment requirements under other debt obligations and payments for acquisitions. The parent company obtains the funding to meet these obligations from dividends paid by its bank subsidiaries and the issuance of debt and equity securities. Heartland has a revolving credit agreement and non-revolving credit line with an unaffiliated bank, which was renewed on June 14, 2019. Heartland's revolving credit agreement has $30.0 million of maximum borrowing capacity, of which none was outstanding at September 30, 2019. At September 30, 2019, $14.8 million was available on the non-revolving credit line. These credit agreements contain specific financial covenants, all of which Heartland complied with as of September 30, 2019.

The ability of Heartland to pay dividends to its stockholders is dependent upon dividends paid to Heartland by its subsidiaries. The bank subsidiaries are subject to statutory and regulatory restrictions on the amount they may pay in dividends. To maintain acceptable capital ratios at Heartland's bank subsidiaries, certain portions of their retained earnings are not available for the payment of dividends.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market prices and rates. Heartland's market risk is comprised primarily of interest rate risk resulting from its core banking activities of lending and accepting deposits. Interest rate risk measures the impact on earnings from changes in interest rates and the effect on the current fair market values of Heartland's assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts. Heartland's objective is to measure this risk and manage its balance sheet to avoid unacceptable potential for economic loss.

Management continually develops and applies strategies to mitigate market risk. Exposure to market risk is reviewed on a regular basis by the asset/liability committees of Heartland's bank subsidiaries and, on a consolidated basis, by Heartland's executive management and board of directors. At least quarterly, a detailed review of the balance sheet risk profile is performed for Heartland and each of its bank subsidiaries. Included in these reviews are interest rate sensitivity analyses, which simulate changes in net interest income in response to various interest rate scenarios. These analyses consider current portfolio rates, existing maturities, repricing opportunities and market interest rates, in addition to prepayments and growth under different interest rate assumptions. Selected strategies are modeled prior to implementation to determine their effect on Heartland's interest rate risk profile and net interest income. Heartland believes its primary market risk exposures did not change significantly in the first nine months of 2019.

The core interest rate risk analysis utilized by Heartland examines the balance sheet under increasing and decreasing interest rate scenarios that are neither too modest nor too extreme. All rate changes are ramped over a 12-month horizon based upon a parallel shift in the yield curve and then maintained at those levels over the remainder of the simulation horizon. Using this approach, management is able to see the effect that both a gradual change of rates (year one) and a rate shock (year two and beyond) could have on Heartland's net interest income. Starting balances in the model reflect actual balances on the "as of" date, adjusted for material transactions. Pro-forma balances remain static. This methodology enables interest rate risk embedded within the existing balance sheet structure to be isolated from the interest rate risk often caused by growth in assets and liabilities. Due to the low interest rate environment, the simulations under a decreasing interest rate scenario were prepared using a 100 basis point shift in rates. The most recent reviews at September 30, 2019, and September 30, 2018, provided the following results, in thousands:


	2019						2018
	Net Interest Margin		% Change From Base		Net Interest Margin		% Change From Base
Year 1
Down 100 Basis Points	$	425,662	(3.37)	%	$	442,187	(3.07)	%
Base	$	440,498	—	%	$	456,192	—	%
Up 200 Basis Points	$	468,374	6.33	%	$	454,513	(0.37)	%
Year 2
Down 100 Basis Points	$	388,722	(11.75)	%	$	423,766	(7.11)	%
Base	$	426,489	(3.18)	%	$	463,765	1.66	%
Up 200 Basis Points	$	485,463	10.21	%	$	474,816	4.08	%

Heartland uses derivative financial instruments to manage the impact of changes in interest rates on its future interest income or interest expense. Heartland is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to these derivative instruments, but believes it has minimized the risk of these losses by entering into the contracts with large, stable financial institutions. The estimated fair market values of these derivative instruments are presented in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Heartland enters into financial instruments with off balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend funds to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract relating to the commitment. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and may require collateral from the borrower. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by Heartland to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party up to a stated amount and subject to specified terms and conditions. These commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet until the loan is made or the letter or credit is issued.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Based on an evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, under the supervision and with the participation of Heartland's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that:

•Heartland's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective.

•During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, there have been no changes in Heartland's internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Heartland's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There are no material pending legal proceedings to which Heartland or its subsidiaries are a party other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to their respective businesses. While the ultimate outcome of current legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management that the resolution of these legal actions should not have a material effect on Heartland's consolidated financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in the risk factors applicable to Heartland from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in Heartland's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Please refer to that section of Heartland's Form 10-K report for disclosures regarding the risks and uncertainties related to Heartland's business.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Heartland's board of directors has authorized management to acquire and hold up to 500,000 shares of common stock as treasury shares at any one time. Heartland and its affiliated purchasers made no purchases of its common stock during the quarter ended September 30, 2019.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibits


2 .1	⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	Purchase and Assumption Agreement between Illinois Bank & Trust, Rockford Bank and Trust Company, and QCR Holdings, Inc., dated August 13, 2019.

31.1	⁽²⁾	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act.

31.2	⁽²⁾	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act.

32.1	⁽²⁾	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2	⁽²⁾	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		Financial statement formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
104		Cover page formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language

______________

(1) The disclosure schedules to the Purchase and Assumption Agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

(2) Filed or furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned there unto duly authorized.


HEARTLAND FINANCIAL USA, INC.
(Registrant)


/s/ Bruce K. Lee
By: Bruce K. Lee
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)


/s/ Bryan R. McKeag
By: Bryan R. McKeag
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)


/s/ Janet M. Quick
By: Janet M. Quick
Executive Vice President and Deputy Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Dated: November 6, 2019