HEICO CORP - Annual Report: 2022 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K


☒						ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

						For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022 or

☐						TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

						For the transition period from ______ to _______

Commission File Number: 001-04604

HEICO CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Florida						65-0341002
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3000 Taft Street, Hollywood, Florida						33021
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)

(954) 987-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $.01 par value per share

HEI

New York Stock Exchange

Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value per share

HEI.A

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No ý

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $15,871,879,000 based on the closing price of HEICO Common Stock and Class A Common Stock as of April 30, 2022 as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.

The number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of December 20, 2022 is as follows:


Common Stock, $.01 par value	54,518,561	shares
Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value	82,125,739	shares

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Index

HEICO CORPORATION

INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2022


			Page
PART I
	Item 1.	Business	1
	Information About Our Executive Officers		16
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	17
	Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	26
	Item 2.	Properties	26
	Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	28
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28

PART II
	Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	28
	Item 6.	[Reserved]	31
	Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32
	Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
	Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	47
	Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	106
	Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	106
	Item 9B.	Other Information	109
	Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	109

PART III
	Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	109
	Item 11.	Executive Compensation	110
	Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	110
	Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	111
	Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	111

PART IV
	Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	111
	Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	115

SIGNATURES			117

Index

PART I

Item 1. BUSINESS

The Company

HEICO Corporation through its subsidiaries (collectively, “HEICO,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) believes it is the world’s largest manufacturer of Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”)-approved jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts, other than the original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and their subcontractors. HEICO also believes it is a leading manufacturer of various types of electronic equipment for the aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries.

The Company was originally organized in 1957 as a holding company known as HEICO Corporation. As part of a reorganization completed in 1993, the original holding company (formerly known as HEICO Corporation) was renamed as HEICO Aerospace Corporation and a new holding corporation known as HEICO Corporation was created. The reorganization did not result in any change in the business of the Company, its consolidated assets or liabilities or the relative interests of its shareholders.

Our business is comprised of two operating segments:

The Flight Support Group. Our Flight Support Group (“FSG”), consisting of HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp. and HEICO Flight Support Corp. and their collective subsidiaries, accounted for 57%, 50% and 52% of our net sales in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The FSG uses proprietary technology to design and manufacture jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts for sale at lower prices than those manufactured by OEMs. These parts are approved by the FAA and are the functional equivalent of parts sold by OEMs. In addition, the FSG repairs, overhauls and distributes jet engine and aircraft components, avionics and instruments for domestic and foreign commercial air carriers and aircraft repair companies as well as military and business aircraft operators. The FSG also manufactures and sells specialty parts as a subcontractor for aerospace and industrial original equipment manufacturers and the United States ("U.S.") government. Additionally, the FSG is a leading supplier, distributor, and integrator of military aircraft parts and support services primarily to the U.S. Department of Defense, defense prime contractors, and foreign military organizations allied with the U.S. Further, the FSG is a leading manufacturer of advanced niche components and complex composite assemblies for commercial aviation, defense and space applications. The FSG also engineers, designs and manufactures thermal insulation blankets and parts as well as removable/reusable insulation systems for aerospace, defense, commercial and industrial applications; manufactures expanded foil mesh for lightning strike protection in fixed and rotary wing aircraft; distributes aviation electrical interconnect products and electromechanical parts; overhauls industrial pumps, motors, and other hydraulic units with a focus on the support of legacy systems for the U.S. Navy; and performs tight-tolerance machining, brazing, fabricating and welding services for aerospace, defense and other industrial applications.

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The Electronic Technologies Group. Our Electronic Technologies Group (“ETG”), consisting of HEICO Electronic Technologies Corp. and its subsidiaries, accounted for 43%, 50% and 48% of our net sales in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The ETG derived approximately 56%, 63% and 66% of its net sales in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from the sale of products and services to U.S. and foreign military agencies, prime defense contractors and both commercial and defense satellite and spacecraft manufacturers. The ETG collectively designs, manufactures and sells various types of electronic, data and microwave, and electro-optical products, including infrared simulation and test equipment, laser rangefinder receivers, electrical power supplies, back-up power supplies, power conversion products, underwater locator beacons, emergency locator transmission beacons, flight deck annunciators, panels, and indicators, electromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding and filters, high power capacitor charging power supplies, amplifiers, traveling wave tube amplifiers, photodetectors, amplifier modules, microwave power modules, flash lamp drivers, laser diode drivers, arc lamp power supplies, custom power supply designs, cable assemblies, high voltage power supplies, high voltage interconnection devices and wire, high voltage energy generators, high frequency power delivery systems; memory products, including three-dimensional microelectronic and stacked memory, static random-access memory (SRAM), and electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM); harsh environment electronic connectors and other interconnect products, radio frequency ("RF") and microwave amplifiers, transmitters, and receivers and integrated assemblies, sub-assemblies and components; RF sources, detectors and controllers, wireless cabin control systems, solid state power distribution and management systems, crashworthy and ballistically self-sealing auxiliary fuel systems, nuclear radiation detectors, communications and electronic intercept receivers and tuners, fuel level sensing systems, high-speed interface products that link devices, high performance active antenna systems and airborne antennas for commercial and military aircraft, precision guided munitions, other defense applications and commercial uses; silicone material for a variety of demanding applications; precision power analog monolithic, hybrid and open frame components; high-reliability ceramic-to-metal feedthroughs and connectors, technical surveillance countermeasures (TSCM) equipment to detect devices used for espionage and information theft; rugged small-form factor embedded computing solutions; custom high power filters and filter assemblies; test sockets and adapters for both engineering and production use of semiconductor devices; and radiation assurance services and products.

HEICO has continuously operated in the aerospace industry for over 65 years. Since assuming control in 1990, our current management has achieved significant sales and profit growth through a broadened line of product offerings, an expanded customer base, increased research and development expenditures and the completion of a number of acquisitions. As a result of internal growth and acquisitions, our net sales from continuing operations have grown from $26.2 million in fiscal 1990 to $2,208.3 million in fiscal 2022, representing a compound annual growth rate of approximately 15%. During the same period, we improved our net income from $2.0 million to $351.7 million, representing a compound annual growth rate of approximately 18%.

Our results of operations in fiscal 2022 continued to reflect the adverse impact from the COVID-19 global pandemic (the “Pandemic”), including its impact on our supply chain. The

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effects of the Pandemic and related actions by governments around the world to mitigate its spread have impacted our employees, customers, suppliers and manufacturers. See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis, for additional details on the effects of the Pandemic on the Company.

Disciplined Acquisition Strategy

Acquisitions have been an important element of our growth strategy over the past thirty-one years, supplementing our organic growth. Since 1990, we have completed approximately 95 acquisitions complementing the niche segments of the aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries in which we operate. We typically target acquisition opportunities that allow us to broaden our product offerings, services and technologies while expanding our customer base and geographic presence. Even though we have historically pursued an active acquisition policy, our disciplined acquisition strategy involves limiting acquisition candidates to businesses that we believe will continue to grow, offer strong cash flow and earnings potential, and are available at fair prices. See Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding our recent acquisitions.

Flight Support Group

The Flight Support Group serves a broad spectrum of the aviation industry, including (i) commercial airlines and air cargo carriers; (ii) repair and overhaul facilities; (iii) OEMs; and (iv) U.S. and foreign governments.

The FSG competes with the leading industry OEMs and, to a lesser extent, with a number of smaller, independent parts distributors. Historically, the three principal jet engine OEMs, General Electric (including CFM International), Pratt & Whitney and Rolls Royce, have been the sole source of substantially all jet engine replacement parts for their jet engines. Other OEMs have been the sole source of replacement parts for their aircraft component parts. While we believe that we are the largest independent supplier of non-OEM jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts, we have in recent years been adding new products to our line at a rate of approximately 300 to 500 Parts Manufacturer Approvals (“PMA” or “PMAs”) per year. We have developed for our customers approximately 12,200 parts for which PMAs have been received from the FAA.

Jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts can be categorized by their ongoing ability to be repaired and returned to service. The general categories in which we participate are as follows: (i) rotable; (ii) repairable; and (iii) expendable. A rotable is a part which is removed periodically as dictated by an operator’s maintenance procedures or on an as needed basis and is typically repaired or overhauled and re-used an indefinite number of times. An important subset of rotables is “life limited” parts. A life limited rotable has a designated number of allowable flight hours and/or cycles (one take-off and landing generally constitutes one cycle) after which it is rendered unusable. A repairable is similar to a rotable except that it can only be repaired a

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limited number of times before it must be discarded. An expendable is generally a part which is used and not thereafter repaired for further use.

Jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts are classified within the industry as (i) factory-new; (ii) new surplus; (iii) overhauled; (iv) repairable; and (v) as removed. A factory-new or new surplus part is one that has never been installed or used. Factory-new parts are purchased from FAA-approved manufacturers (such as HEICO or OEMs) or their authorized distributors. New surplus parts are purchased from excess stock of airlines, repair facilities or other redistributors. An overhauled part is one that has been completely repaired and inspected by a licensed repair facility such as ours. An aircraft spare part is classified as “repairable” if it can be repaired by a licensed repair facility under applicable regulations. A part may also be classified as “repairable” if it can be removed by the operator from an aircraft or jet engine while operating under an approved maintenance program and is airworthy and meets any manufacturer or time and cycle restrictions applicable to the part. A “factory-new,” “new surplus” or “overhauled” part designation indicates that the part can be immediately utilized on an aircraft. A part in “as removed” or “repairable” condition requires inspection and possibly functional testing, repair or overhaul by a licensed facility prior to being returned to service in an aircraft.

FAA Approvals and Product Design. Non-OEM manufacturers of jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts must receive a PMA from the FAA to sell the replacement part. The PMA approval process includes the submission of sample parts, drawings and testing data to one of the FAA’s Aircraft Certification Offices where the submitted data are analyzed. We believe that an applicant’s ability to successfully complete the PMA process is limited by several factors, including (i) the agency’s confidence level in the applicant; (ii) the complexity of the part; (iii) the volume of PMAs being filed; and (iv) the resources available to the FAA. We also believe that companies such as HEICO that have demonstrated their advanced design engineering and manufacturing capabilities, including an established favorable track record with the FAA, generally receive a faster turnaround time in the processing of PMA applications. Finally, we believe that the PMA process creates a significant barrier to entry in this market niche through both its technical demands and its limits on the rate at which competitors can bring products to market.

Factory-New Jet Engine and Aircraft Component Replacement Parts. The FSG engages in the research and development, design, manufacture and sale of FAA-approved replacement parts that are sold to domestic and foreign commercial air carriers and aircraft repair and overhaul companies. Our principal competitors are aircraft engine and aircraft component manufacturers. The FSG's factory-new replacement parts include various jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts. A key element of our growth strategy is the continued design and development of an increasing number of PMA replacement parts in order to further penetrate our existing customer base and obtain new customers. We select the jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts to design and manufacture through a selection process which analyzes industry information to determine which replacement parts are suitable candidates.

Repair and Overhaul Services. The FSG provides repair and overhaul services on selected jet engine and aircraft component parts, as well as on avionics, instruments, composites

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and flight surfaces of commercial aircraft operated by domestic and foreign commercial airlines. The FSG also provides repair and overhaul services including avionics and navigation systems as well as subcomponents and other instruments utilized on military aircraft operated by the U.S. government and foreign military agencies and for aircraft repair and overhaul companies. Our repair and overhaul operations require a high level of expertise, advanced technology and sophisticated equipment. Services include the repair, refurbishment and overhaul of numerous accessories and parts mounted on gas turbine engines and airframes. Components overhauled include fuel pumps, generators, fuel controls, pneumatic valves, starters and actuators, turbo compressors and constant speed drives, hydraulic pumps, valves and actuators, wheels and brakes, composite flight controls, electro-mechanical equipment, auxiliary power unit accessories and thrust reverse actuation systems. Some of the repair and overhaul services provided by the FSG are proprietary repairs approved by an FAA-qualified designated engineering representative (“DER”) and/or by the owner/operator. Such proprietary repairs typically create cost savings or provide engineering flexibility. The FSG also provides commercial airlines, regional operators, asset management companies and Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (“MRO”) providers with high quality and cost effective niche accessory component exchange services as an alternative to OEMs’ spares services.

Distribution. The FSG distributes FAA-approved parts including hydraulic, pneumatic, structural, interconnect, mechanical and electro-mechanical components for the commercial, regional and general aviation markets. The FSG also is a leading supplier, distributor, and integrator of military aircraft parts and support services primarily to the U.S. Department of Defense, defense prime contractors, and foreign military organizations allied with the U.S. Further, we believe the FSG is a leading provider of products and services necessary to maintain up-to-date F-16 fighter aircraft operational capabilities.

Manufacture of Specialty Aircraft/Defense Related Parts and Subcontracting for OEMs. The FSG engineers, designs and manufactures thermal insulation blankets and parts as well as renewable/reusable insulation systems primarily for aerospace, defense, commercial and industrial applications. The FSG also manufactures specialty components and assemblies for sale as a subcontractor for aerospace and industrial original equipment manufacturers and the U.S. government. Additionally, the FSG manufactures advanced niche components and complex composite assemblies for commercial aviation, defense and space applications, manufactures expanded foil mesh, which is integrated into composite aerospace structures for lightning strike protection in fixed and rotary wing aircraft and performs tight-tolerance machining, brazing, fabricating and welding for aerospace, defense and other industrial applications.

As part of our growth strategy, we have continued to increase our research and development activities. Research and development expenditures by the FSG, which were approximately $.3 million in fiscal 1991, increased to approximately $22.2 million in fiscal 2022, $18.3 million in fiscal 2021 and $19.1 million in fiscal 2020. We believe that our FSG's research and development capabilities are a significant component of our historical success and an integral part of our growth strategy. In recent years, the FAA granted us PMAs for approximately 300 to 500 new parts and we develop numerous new proprietary repairs per year; however, no assurance can be given that the FAA will continue to grant PMAs or DER-approved

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repairs or that we will achieve acceptable levels of net sales and gross profits on such parts or repairs in the future.

We benefit from our proprietary rights relating to certain design, engineering and manufacturing processes and repair and overhaul procedures. Customers often rely on us to provide initial and additional components, as well as to redesign, re-engineer, replace or repair and provide overhaul services on such aircraft components at every stage of their useful lives. In addition, for some products, our unique manufacturing capabilities are required by the customer’s specifications or designs, thereby necessitating reliance on us for production of such designed products.

We have no material patents for the proprietary techniques, including software and manufacturing expertise, we have developed to manufacture jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts and instead, we primarily rely on trade secret protection. Although our proprietary techniques and software and manufacturing expertise are subject to misappropriation or obsolescence, we believe that we take appropriate measures to prevent misappropriation or obsolescence from occurring by developing new techniques and improving existing methods and processes, which we will continue on an ongoing basis as dictated by the technological needs of our business.

We believe that, based on our competitive pricing, reputation for high quality, short lead time requirements, strong relationships with domestic and foreign commercial air carriers and repair stations (companies that overhaul aircraft engines and/or components), and successful track record of receiving PMAs and repair approvals from the FAA and commercial air carriers, we are uniquely positioned to continue to increase the products and services offered and gain market share.

Electronic Technologies Group

Our Electronic Technologies Group’s strategy is to design and manufacture highly-engineered, mission-critical subcomponents that must successfully operate in the harshest environments, for smaller, niche markets, but which are utilized in larger systems – systems like power, targeting, tracking, identification, simulation, testing, communications, lighting, surgical, medical imaging, baggage scanning, telecom and computer systems. These systems are, in turn, often located on another platform, such as aircraft, rotorcraft, satellites, ships, spacecraft, land vehicles, handheld devices and other platforms.

Electro-Optical Infrared Simulation and Test Equipment. The ETG is a designer and manufacturer of niche state-of-the-art simulation, testing and calibration equipment used in the development of missile seeking technology, airborne targeting and reconnaissance systems, shipboard targeting and reconnaissance systems, space-based sensors as well as ground vehicle-based systems. These products include infrared scene projector equipment, such as our MIRAGE IR Scene Simulator, high precision blackbody sources, software and integrated calibration systems.

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Simulation equipment allows the U.S. government and allied foreign military to save money on missile testing as it allows infrared-based missiles to be tested on a multi-axis, rotating table instead of requiring the launch of a complete missile. In addition, several large military prime contractors have elected to purchase such equipment from us instead of maintaining internal staff to do so because we can offer a more cost-effective solution. Our customers include major U.S. Department of Defense weapons laboratories and defense prime contractors.

Electro-Optical Laser Products. The ETG is a designer and maker of laser rangefinder receivers and other photodetectors used in airborne, vehicular and handheld targeting systems manufactured by major prime military contractors. Most of our rangefinder receiver product offering consists of complex and patented products which detect reflected light from laser targeting systems and allow the systems to confirm target accuracy and calculate target distances prior to discharging a weapon system. Some of these products are also used in laser eye surgery systems for tracking ocular movement.

Electro-Optical, Microwave and Other Power Equipment. The ETG produces power supplies, amplifiers and flash lamp drivers used in laser systems for military, medical and other applications that are sometimes utilized with our rangefinder receivers. We also produce emergency back-up power supplies and batteries used on commercial aircraft and business jets for services such as emergency exit lighting, emergency fuel shut-off, power door assists, cockpit voice recorders and flight computers. Additionally, we design, manufacture and repair flight deck annunciators, panels and indicators. We design and manufacture next generation wireless cabin control systems, solid state power distribution and management systems and fuel level sensing systems for business jets and for general aviation, as well as for the military/defense market. We offer custom or standard designs that solve challenging OEM requirements and meet stringent safety and emissions requirements. Our power electronics products include capacitor charger power supplies, laser diode drivers, arc lamp power supplies and custom power supply designs.

Our microwave products are used in both commercial and military satellites, spacecraft and in electronic warfare systems. These products, which include isolators, bias tees, circulators, latching ferrite switches and waveguide adapters, are used in satellites and spacecraft to control or direct energy according to operator needs. As satellites are frequently used as sensors for stand-off warfare, we believe this product line further supports our goal of increasing our activity in the stand-off market. Additionally, our microwave products include custom high power filters and filter assemblies, converters, receivers, transmitters, amplifiers, frequency sources and related sub-systems that address the majority of major satellite frequencies. We believe we are a leading supplier of the niche products which we design and manufacture for this market, a market that includes commercial satellites. Our customers for these products include satellite and spacecraft manufacturers.

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and Radio-Frequency Interference (RFI) Shielding and Suppression Filters. The ETG designs and manufactures shielding used to prevent electromagnetic energy and radio frequencies from interfering with other devices, such as computers, telecommunication devices, avionics, weapons systems and other electronic

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equipment. The ETG designs and manufactures EMI/RFI and transient protection solutions for a wide variety of connectors that principally serve customers within the aerospace and defense markets. Our products include a patented line of shielding applied directly to circuit boards and a line of gasket-type shielding applied to computers and other electronic equipment. Our customers consist essentially of medical, electronics, telecommunications and defense equipment producers.

High-Speed Interface Products. The ETG designs and manufactures advanced high-technology, high-speed interface products utilized in homeland security, defense, medical research, astronomical and other applications across numerous industries.

High Voltage Interconnection Devices. The ETG designs and manufactures high and very high voltage interconnection devices, cable assemblies and wire for the medical equipment, defense and other industrial markets. Among others, our products are utilized in aircraft missile defense, fighter pilot helmet displays, avionics systems, medical applications, wireless communications, and industrial applications including high voltage test equipment and underwater monitoring systems.

High Voltage Advanced Power Electronics. The ETG designs and manufactures a patented line of high voltage energy generators for medical, baggage inspection and industrial imaging systems. We also produce high voltage power supplies found in satellite communications, CT scanners and in medical and industrial x-ray systems.

Power Conversion Products. The ETG designs and provides innovative power conversion products principally serving the high-reliability military, space and commercial avionics end-markets. These high density, low profile and lightweight DC-to-DC converters and electromagnetic interference filters, which include thick film hermetically sealed hybrids, military commercial-off-the-shelf and custom designed and assembled products, have become the primary specified components of their kind on a generation of complex military, space and avionics equipment.

Underwater Locator Beacons and Emergency Locator Transmission Beacons. The ETG designs and manufactures Underwater Locator Beacons (“ULBs”) used to locate aircraft Cockpit Voice Recorders and Flight Data Recorders, marine ship Voyage Recorders and various other devices which have been submerged under water. ULBs are required equipment on all U.S. FAA and European Aviation Safety Agency (“EASA”) approved Flight Data and Cockpit Voice Recorders used in aircraft and on similar systems utilized on large marine shipping vessels. The ETG also designs and manufactures Emergency Locator Transmission Beacons for the commercial aviation and defense markets. Upon activation, these safety-critical devices transmit a distress signal to alert search and rescue operations of the aircraft's location.

Traveling Wave Tube Amplifiers (“TWTAs”) and Microwave Power Modules (“MPMs”). The ETG designs and manufactures TWTAs and MPMs predominately used in radar, electronic warfare, on-board jamming and countermeasure systems in aircraft, ships and detection platforms deployed by U.S. and allied non-U.S. military forces.

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Memory Products and Specialty Semiconductors. The ETG designs, manufactures and markets three-dimensional microelectronic and stacked memory products including memories, Point of Load (“POL”) voltage converters and peripherals, industrial memories, and complex System-in-Package (“SiP”) solutions. The products’ patented designs provide high reliability memory and circuitry in a unique and stacked form which saves space and weight. These products are principally integrated into larger subsystems equipping satellites and spacecraft and are also utilized in medical equipment. Additionally, the ETG designs and manufactures specialty semiconductors and offers a well-developed line of processors as well as static random-access memory (SRAM) and electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) products utilized on a diverse array of military, space and medical platforms.

Harsh Environment Connectivity Products and Custom Molded Cable Assemblies. The ETG designs and manufactures high performance, high reliability and harsh environment electronic connectors and other interconnect products. These products include connectors, jacks and plugs, cables, patch panels and switches utilized in aviation, broadcast/audio, defense, industrial, medical and other equipment.

RF and Microwave Products. The ETG designs and manufactures RF and microwave amplifiers, transmitters and receivers to support military communications on unmanned aerial systems, other aircraft, helicopters and ground-based data/communications systems. The ETG designs and manufactures state-of-the-art RF and microwave integrated assemblies, sub-assemblies and components used in a broad range of demanding defense applications operating in harsh environments including space.

High Performance Communications and Electronic Intercept Receivers and Tuners. The ETG designs and manufactures innovative, high performance receiver and radio frequency digitizer products for military and intelligence applications.

Crashworthy and Ballistically Self-Sealing Auxiliary Fuel Systems. The ETG designs and manufactures mission-extending, crashworthy and ballistically self-sealing auxiliary fuel systems for military rotorcraft.

High Performance Active Antenna Systems and Airborne Antennas. The ETG designs and produces high performance active antenna systems and airborne antennas for commercial and military aircraft, precision guided munitions, and other defense applications and commercial uses.

Nuclear Radiation Detectors. The ETG designs and manufactures highly sensitive, reliable and easy-to-use nuclear radiation detectors for law enforcement, homeland security and military applications.

Specialty Silicone Products. The ETG designs and manufactures silicone material for a variety of demanding applications used in aerospace, defense, research, oil and gas, testing, pharmaceuticals and other markets.

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High-End Power Amplifiers. The ETG designs and manufactures precision power analog monolithic, hybrid and open frame components for a certain wide range of defense, industrial, measurement, medical and test applications.

High-Reliability Ceramic-to-Metal Feedthroughs and Connectors. The ETG designs and manufactures high-reliability ceramic-to-metal feedthroughs and connectors for demanding environments within the industrial, life science, medical, research, semiconductor, and other markets.

Technical Surveillance Countermeasures ("TSCM") Equipment. The ETG designs and manufactures TSCM equipment to detect devices used for espionage and information theft serving government agencies, law enforcement, corporate security personnel and TSCM professionals worldwide.

High-end Radio Frequency Receivers and Sources. The ETG designs and manufactures RF Sources, Detectors and Controllers for a certain wide range of aerospace and defense applications.

Rugged, Small-Form-Factor Embedded Computing Solutions. The ETG designs and manufactures rugged, small-form-factor embedded computing solutions that are primarily used in rugged commercial and industrial, aerospace and defense, transportation, and smart energy applications.

High Performance Test Sockets and Adapters. The ETG designs and manufactures higher performance test sockets and adapters for both engineering and production use of semiconductor devices.

Radiation Engineering. The ETG offers radiation assurance services and products used in testing and simulating radiation effects on electronic components and materials.

As part of our growth strategy, we have continued to invest in our research and development activities. Research and development expenditures by the ETG were $53.9 million in fiscal 2022, $50.6 million in fiscal 2021 and $46.5 million in fiscal 2020. We believe that our ETG's research and development capabilities are a significant component of our historical success and an integral part of our growth strategy.

Distribution, Sales, Marketing and Customers

Each of our operating segments independently conducts distribution, sales and marketing efforts directed at their respective customers and industries and, in some cases, collaborates with other operating divisions and subsidiaries within its group for cross-marketing efforts. Sales and marketing efforts are conducted primarily by in-house personnel and, to a lesser extent, by independent manufacturers’ representatives. Generally, our in-house sales personnel receive a base salary plus commissions and manufacturers’ representatives receive a commission based on sales.

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We believe that direct relationships are crucial to establishing and maintaining a strong customer base and, accordingly, our senior management is actively involved in our marketing activities, particularly with established customers. We are also a member of various trade and business organizations related to the commercial aviation industry, such as the Aerospace Industries Association, which we refer to as AIA, the leading trade association representing the nation’s manufacturers of commercial, military and business aircraft, aircraft engines and related components and equipment. Due in large part to our established industry presence, we enjoy strong customer relations, name recognition and repeat business.

We sell our products to a broad customer base consisting of domestic and foreign commercial and cargo airlines, repair and overhaul facilities, other aftermarket suppliers of aircraft engine and airframe materials, OEMs, domestic and foreign military units, electronic manufacturing services companies, manufacturers for the defense industry as well as medical, telecommunications, scientific, and industrial companies. No one customer accounted for sales of 10% or more of total consolidated sales from continuing operations during any of the last three fiscal years. Net sales to our five largest customers accounted for approximately 21%, 22% and 24% of total net sales in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Competition

The aerospace product and service industry is characterized by intense competition. Some of our competitors have substantially greater name recognition, inventories, complementary product and service offerings, financial, marketing and other resources than we do. As a result, such competitors may be able to respond more quickly to customer requirements than we can. Moreover, smaller competitors may be in a position to offer more attractive pricing as a result of lower labor costs and other factors.

Our jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts business competes primarily with aircraft engine and aircraft component OEMs. The competition is principally based on price and service to the extent that our parts are interchangeable. With respect to other aerospace products and services sold by the Flight Support Group, we compete with both the leading jet engine and aircraft component OEMs and a large number of machining, fabrication, distribution and repair companies, some of which have greater financial and other resources than we do. Competition is based mainly on price, product performance, service and technical capability.

Competition for the repair and overhaul of jet engine and aircraft components and avionics and navigation systems as well as the manufacture of specialty aircraft and defense related parts comes from three principal sources: OEMs, major commercial airlines and other independent service companies. Some of these competitors have greater financial and other resources than we do. Some major commercial airlines own and operate their own service centers and sell repair and overhaul services to other aircraft operators. Foreign airlines that provide repair and overhaul services typically provide these services for their own aircraft components and for third parties. OEMs also maintain service centers that provide repair and overhaul services for the components they manufacture. Other independent service organizations also compete for the repair and overhaul business of other users of aircraft

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components. We believe that the principal competitive factors in the repair and overhaul market are quality, turnaround time, overall customer service and price.

Our Electronic Technologies Group competes with several large and small domestic and foreign competitors, some of which have greater financial and other resources than we do. The markets for our electronic, data and microwave, and electro-optical equipment products are niche markets with several competitors where competition is based mainly on design, technology, quality, price, service and customer satisfaction.

Raw Materials

We purchase a variety of raw materials, primarily consisting of high temperature alloy sheet metal and castings, forgings, pre-plated metals and electrical components from various vendors. The materials used by our operations are generally available from a number of sources and in sufficient quantities to meet current requirements subject to normal lead times. However, supply chain disruptions and recent cost inflation impacted our material prices during fiscal 2022. Additionally, continued inflationary pressures and lingering supply chain disruptions stemming from the Pandemic may lead to higher material costs in fiscal 2023. Further, we are subject to rules promulgated by the Securities Exchange Commission pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act regarding the use of certain materials (tantalum, tin, gold and tungsten), known as conflict minerals, which are mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries. These rules may impose additional costs and may introduce new risks related to our ability to verify the origin of any conflict minerals used in our products.

Backlog

Our total backlog increased by 42% to $1,383 million as of October 31, 2022, up from $977 million as of October 31, 2021. The majority of our backlog of orders as of October 31, 2022 is expected to be filled during fiscal 2023. The FSG's backlog of unshipped orders was $674 million as of October 31, 2022, up from $397 million as of October 31, 2021. The increase in the FSG’s backlog reflects increases across all of the FSG's product lines, but mainly within its specialty products product line resulting from increased orders at one of our businesses that manufactures advanced niche components and complex composite assemblies for commercial aviation, defense and space applications. Additionally, approximately $56 million of the increase in the FSG’s backlog reflects the backlogs of businesses acquired during fiscal 2022. The FSG's backlog excludes forecasted shipments for certain contracts pursuant to which customers provide only estimated annual usage and not firm purchase orders. Our backlogs within many of the FSG's subsidiaries are typically short-lead in nature with many product orders being received within the month of shipment. The ETG’s backlog of unshipped orders was $709 million as of October 31, 2022, up from $580 million as of October 31, 2021. The increase in the ETG’s backlog principally reflects an increase of $39 million from the backlogs of businesses acquired during fiscal 2022, increased orders at one of our businesses that produces high-power devices used in both defense and commercial applications, one of our businesses that manufactures electrical back-up power supplies and battery packs for commercial aircraft

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applications and one of our businesses that manufactures high performance, high reliability microwave modules, units, and integrated sub-systems for commercial and military satellites.

Government Regulation

The FAA regulates the manufacture, repair and operation of all aircraft and aircraft parts operated in the United States. Its regulations are designed to ensure that all aircraft and aviation equipment are continuously maintained in proper condition to ensure safe operation of the aircraft. Similar rules apply in other countries. All aircraft must be maintained under a continuous condition monitoring program and must periodically undergo thorough inspection and maintenance. The inspection, maintenance and repair procedures for the various types of aircraft and equipment are prescribed by regulatory authorities and can be performed only by certified repair facilities utilizing certified technicians. Certification and conformance is required prior to installation of a part on an aircraft. Aircraft operators must maintain logs concerning the utilization and condition of aircraft engines, life-limited engine parts and airframes. In addition, the FAA requires that various maintenance routines be performed on aircraft engines, some engine parts, and airframes at regular intervals based on cycles or flight time. Engine maintenance must also be performed upon the occurrence of certain events, such as foreign object damage in an aircraft engine or the replacement of life-limited engine parts. Such maintenance usually requires that an aircraft engine be taken out of service. Our operations may in the future be subject to new and more stringent regulatory requirements. In that regard, we closely monitor the FAA and industry trade groups in an attempt to understand how possible future regulations might impact us. Our businesses which sell defense products directly to the U.S. Government or for use in systems delivered to the U.S. Government can be subject to various laws and regulations governing pricing and other factors.

There has been no material adverse effect to our consolidated financial statements nor competitive positions as a result of these government regulations.

Environmental Regulation

Our operations are subject to extensive, and frequently changing, federal, state and local environmental laws and substantial related regulation by government agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency. Among other matters, these regulatory authorities impose requirements that regulate the operation, handling, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials; protect the health and safety of workers; and require us to obtain and maintain licenses and permits in connection with our operations. This extensive regulatory framework imposes significant compliance burdens and risks on us. Notwithstanding these burdens, we believe that we are in material compliance with all federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations governing our operations.

There has been no material adverse effect to our consolidated financial statements nor competitive positions as a result of these environmental regulations.

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Other Regulation

We are also subject to a variety of other regulations including work-related and community safety laws. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 mandates general requirements for safe workplaces for all employees and established the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) in the Department of Labor. In particular, OSHA provides special procedures and measures for the handling of certain hazardous and toxic substances. In addition, specific safety standards have been promulgated for workplaces engaged in the treatment, disposal or storage of hazardous waste. Requirements under state law, in some circumstances, may mandate additional measures for facilities handling materials specified as extremely dangerous. We believe that our operations are in material compliance with OSHA’s health and safety requirements.

Insurance

We are a named insured under policies which include the following coverage: (i) product liability, including grounding; (ii) personal property, inventory and business interruption at our facilities; (iii) general liability coverage; (iv) employee benefit liability; (v) international liability and automobile liability; (vi) umbrella liability coverage; and (vii) various other activities or items, each subject to certain limits and deductibles. We believe that our insurance coverage is adequate to insure against the various liability risks of our business.

Human Capital

We believe HEICO’s employees are directly responsible for its success through dedication to their profession and craft. This talented group continues to deliver industry leading growth and new product innovations, all while maintaining HEICO’s unique entrepreneurial culture of excellence.

As of October 31, 2022, we had approximately 6,500 full-time and part-time employees including approximately 3,400 in the Flight Support Group and approximately 3,100 in the Electronic Technologies Group. None of our employees are represented by a U.S. domestic union. Our management believes that we have good relations with our employees.

Health and Safety

The health and safety of our workforce is fundamental to the success of our business. We safeguard our people, projects and reputation by striving for zero employee injuries and illnesses, while operating and delivering our work responsibly and sustainably. We provide our employees upfront and ongoing safety training to ensure that safety policies and procedures are effectively communicated and implemented. Personal protective equipment is provided to those employees where needed for the employee to safely perform their job function.

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Compensation and Benefits

As part of our compensation philosophy, we believe that we must offer and maintain market competitive total rewards programs for our employees in order to attract and retain superior talent. In addition to healthy base wages, additional programs include annual bonus opportunities, a Company matched 401(k) Plan, healthcare and insurance benefits, health savings and flexible spending accounts, paid time off, family leave, flexible work schedules, and employee assistance programs.

Diversity and Inclusion

We are committed to our continued efforts to increase diversity and foster an inclusive work environment that supports the global workforce and the communities we serve. We recruit the best people for the job regardless of gender, ethnicity or other protected traits and it is our policy to fully comply with all laws (domestic and foreign) applicable to discrimination in the workplace. Our diversity, equity and inclusion principles are also reflected in our employee training and policies. We continue to enhance our diversity, equity and inclusion policies which are guided by our executive leadership team.

Available Information

Our Internet website address is http://www.heico.com. We make available free of charge, through the Investors section of our website, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, specialized disclosure reports on Form SD and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These materials are also available free of charge on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The information on or obtainable through our website is not incorporated into this annual report on Form 10-K.

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller and other persons performing similar functions. Our Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers and Other Officers is part of our Code of Business Conduct, which is located on our website at http://www.heico.com. Any amendments to or waivers from a provision of this code of ethics will be posted on the website. Also located on the website are our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Finance/Audit Committee Charter, Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee Charter, and Compensation Committee Charter.

Copies of the above referenced materials will be made available, free of charge, upon written request to the Corporate Secretary at HEICO Corporation, 3000 Taft Street, Hollywood, Florida 33021.

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Information About Our Executive Officers

Our executive officers are appointed by the Board of Directors and serve at the discretion of the Board. The following table sets forth the names, ages of, and positions and offices held by our executive officers as of December 20, 2022:


Name	Age	Position(s)	Director Since
Laurans A. Mendelson	84	Chairman of the Board; Chief Executive Officer; and Director	1989
Eric A. Mendelson	57	Co-President and Director; President and Chief Executive Officer of the HEICO Flight Support Group	1992
Victor H. Mendelson	55	Co-President and Director; President and Chief Executive Officer of the HEICO Electronic Technologies Group	1996
Thomas S. Irwin	76	Senior Executive Vice President	—
Carlos L. Macau, Jr.	55	Executive Vice President - Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer	—
Steven M. Walker	58	Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Treasurer	—

Laurans A. Mendelson has served as our Chairman of the Board since December 1990. He has also served as our Chief Executive Officer since February 1990 and served as our President from September 1991 through September 2009. Mr. Mendelson is a former Chairman and present member of the Board of Trustees, former Chairman and present member of the Executive Committee and a current member of the Society of Mount Sinai Founders of Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach, Florida. In addition, Mr. Mendelson is a Trustee Emeritus of Columbia University in the City of New York, where he previously served as Trustee and Chairman of the Trustees’ Audit Committee. Early in his career, Mr. Mendelson was a licensed and practicing Certified Public Accountant in the states of Florida and New York, though he no longer practices and his license is inactive. Laurans Mendelson is the father of Eric Mendelson and Victor Mendelson.

Eric A. Mendelson has been associated with the Company since 1990, serving in various capacities. Mr. Mendelson has served as our Co-President since October 2009 and served as our Executive Vice President from 2001 through September 2009. Mr. Mendelson has also served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the HEICO Flight Support Group since its formation in 1993, as well as President of various Flight Support Group subsidiaries. Mr. Mendelson is a co-founder, and, since 1987, has been Managing Director of Mendelson International Corporation, a private investment company, which is a shareholder of HEICO. He is a member of the Board of Governors, an Ex-officio Member of the Executive Committee, and Chair of the Civil Aviation Leadership Council of the Aerospace Industries Association (“AIA”) in Washington, D.C., of which HEICO is a member. In addition, Mr. Mendelson is a member of the Advisory Board of Trustees of Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach, Florida, and a member of the Board of Trustees and a Past Chairman of Ransom Everglades School in Coconut Grove, Florida, as well as a member of the Board of Visitors of Columbia College in New York City. Eric Mendelson is the son of Laurans Mendelson and the brother of Victor Mendelson.

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Victor H. Mendelson has been associated with the Company since 1990, serving in various capacities. Mr. Mendelson has served as our Co-President since October 2009 and served as our Executive Vice President from 2001 through September 2009. Mr. Mendelson has also served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the HEICO Electronic Technologies Group since founding it in September 1996. He served as the Company's General Counsel from 1993 to 2008 and the Company's Vice President from 1996 to 2001. In addition, Mr. Mendelson was the Chief Operating Officer of the Company’s former MediTek Health Corporation subsidiary from 1995 until its profitable sale in 1996. Mr. Mendelson is a co-founder, and, since 1987, has been President of Mendelson International Corporation, a private investment company, which is a shareholder of HEICO. Mr. Mendelson is a Trustee of Columbia University in the City of New York, a Trustee of St. Thomas University in Miami Gardens, Florida, a Director of Boys & Girls Clubs of Miami-Dade and is a Director and Past President of the Board of Directors of the Florida Grand Opera. Victor Mendelson is the son of Laurans Mendelson and the brother of Eric Mendelson.

Thomas S. Irwin has served as our Senior Executive Vice President since June 2012; our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer from September 1991 through May 2012; Senior Vice President and Treasurer from 1986 to 1991; and our Vice President and Treasurer from 1982 to 1986. Mr. Irwin is a Certified Public Accountant. He is a member of the American and North Carolina Institutes of Certified Public Accountants and a member of Financial Executives International.

Carlos L. Macau, Jr. has served as our Executive Vice President - Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since June 2012. Mr. Macau joined HEICO from the international public accounting firm of Deloitte & Touche LLP where he worked from 2000 to 2012 as an Audit Partner. Prior to joining HEICO, Mr. Macau accumulated 22 years of financial and accounting experience serving a number of public and private manufacturing and service clients in a broad range of industries. His client responsibilities included serving as HEICO's lead client services partner for five years (2006 to 2010). Mr. Macau is a current member of the Mount Sinai Founders of Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach, Florida. Mr. Macau is a Certified Public Accountant, a Chartered Global Management Accountant, and a member of the American and Florida Institutes of Certified Public Accountants.

Steven M. Walker has served as our Chief Accounting Officer since June 2012 and served as our Corporate Controller from 2002 through May 2012. He has also served as our Assistant Treasurer since 2002. Mr. Walker is a Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

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Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows may be impacted by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those set forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, any one of which may cause our actual results to differ materially from anticipated results:

Strategic, Business and Operational Risks

We may not be able to effectively execute our acquisition strategy, which could slow our growth.

A key element of our strategy is growth through the acquisition of additional companies. Our acquisition strategy is affected by and poses a number of challenges and risks, including the following:

•Availability of suitable acquisition candidates;

•Availability of capital;

•Diversion of management’s attention;

•Effective integration of the operations and personnel of acquired companies;

•Potential write-downs of acquired intangible assets;

•Potential loss of key employees of acquired companies;

•Use of a significant portion of our available cash;

•Significant dilution to our shareholders for acquisitions made utilizing our securities;

•Consummation of acquisitions on satisfactory terms; and

•Obtaining applicable domestic and/or foreign governmental approvals such as antitrust and foreign investment related authorizations.

We may not be able to successfully execute our acquisition strategy, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our success is dependent on the development and manufacture of new products, equipment and services. Our inability to develop, manufacture and introduce new products and services at profitable pricing levels could reduce our sales or sales growth.

The aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries are constantly undergoing development and change and, accordingly, new products, equipment and methods of repair and overhaul service are likely to be introduced in the future. In addition to manufacturing electronic and electro-optical equipment and selected aerospace and defense components for OEMs and the U.S. government and repairing jet engine and aircraft components, we re-design sophisticated aircraft replacement parts originally developed by OEMs so that we can offer the replacement parts for sale at substantially lower prices than those manufactured by the OEMs. Consequently, we devote substantial resources to research and

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product development. Technological development poses a number of challenges and risks, including the following:

•We may not be able to successfully protect the proprietary interests we have in various aircraft parts, electronic and electro-optical equipment and our repair processes;

•As OEMs continue to develop and improve jet engines and aircraft components, we may not be able to re-design and manufacture replacement parts that perform as well as those offered by OEMs or we may not be able to profitably sell our replacement parts at lower prices than the OEMs;

•We may need to expend significant capital to:

- purchase new equipment and machines,

- train employees in new methods of production and service, and

- fund the research and development of new products; and

•Development by our competitors of patents or methodologies that preclude us from the design and manufacture of aircraft replacement parts or electrical and electro-optical equipment could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we may not be able to successfully develop new products, equipment or methods of repair and overhaul service, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Intense competition from existing and new competitors may harm our business.

We face significant competition in each of our businesses.

Flight Support Group

•For jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts, we compete with the industry’s leading jet engine and aircraft component OEMs.

•For the distribution, overhaul and repair of jet engine and aircraft components and avionics and navigation systems as well as the manufacture of specialty aircraft and defense related parts, we compete with:

- major commercial airlines, many of which operate their own maintenance and overhaul units;

- OEMs, which manufacture, distribute, repair and overhaul their own and other OEM parts; and

- other independent service companies.

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Electronic Technologies Group

•For the design and manufacture of various types of electronic, data and microwave, and electro-optical equipment products, we compete in a fragmented marketplace with a number of companies, some of which are well capitalized.

Many of the industries serviced by our operating segments are highly fragmented, have several highly visible leading companies, and are characterized by intense competition. Some of our OEM competitors have greater name recognition than HEICO, as well as complementary lines of business and financial, marketing and other resources that HEICO does not have. In addition, OEMs, aircraft maintenance providers, leasing companies and FAA-certificated repair facilities may attempt to bundle their services and product offerings in the supply industry, thereby significantly increasing industry competition. Moreover, our smaller competitors may be able to offer more attractive pricing of parts as a result of lower labor costs or other factors. A variety of potential actions by any of our competitors, including a reduction of product prices or the establishment by competitors of long-term relationships with new or existing customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Competition typically intensifies during cyclical downturns in the aviation industry, when supply may exceed demand. We may not be able to continue to compete effectively against present or future competitors, and competitive pressures may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The inability to obtain certain components and raw materials from suppliers could harm our business.

Our business is affected by the availability and price of the raw materials and component parts that we use to manufacture our products. Our ability to manage inventory and meet delivery requirements may be constrained by our suppliers’ ability to adjust delivery of long-lead time products during times of volatile demand. The supply chains for our business could also be disrupted by external events such as natural disasters, extreme weather events, pandemics, labor disputes, governmental actions and legislative or regulatory changes. As a result, our suppliers may fail to perform according to specifications when required and we may be unable to identify alternate suppliers or to otherwise mitigate the consequences of their non-performance.

Transitions to new suppliers may result in significant costs and delays, including those related to the required recertification of parts obtained from new suppliers with our customers and/or regulatory agencies. Our inability to fill our supply needs could jeopardize our ability to fulfill obligations under customer contracts, which could result in reduced revenues and profits, contract penalties or terminations, and damage to customer relationships. Further, increased costs of such raw materials or components could reduce our profits if we were unable to pass along such price increases to our customers.

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Product specification costs and requirements could cause an increase to our costs to complete contracts.

The costs to meet customer specifications and requirements could result in us having to spend more to design or manufacture products and this could reduce our profit margins on current contracts or those we obtain in the future.

We may incur damages or disruption to our business caused by natural disasters and other factors that may not be covered by insurance.

Several of our facilities, as a result of their locations, could be subject to a catastrophic loss caused by hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, floods, fire, power loss, telecommunication and information systems failure, political unrest or similar events. Our corporate headquarters and facilities located in Florida are particularly susceptible to hurricanes, storms, tornadoes or other natural disasters that could disrupt our operations, delay production and shipments, and result in large expenses to repair or replace the facility or facilities. Should insurance or other risk transfer mechanisms, such as our existing disaster recovery and business continuity plans, be insufficient to recover all costs, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to the risks associated with sales to foreign customers, which could harm our business.

We market our products and services to approximately 125 countries, with approximately 35% of our consolidated net sales in fiscal 2022 derived from sales to foreign customers. We expect that sales to foreign customers will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenues in the foreseeable future. As a result, we are subject to risks of doing business internationally, including the following:

•Fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

•Volatility in foreign political, regulatory, and economic environments;

•Ability to obtain required export licenses or approvals;

•Uncertainty of the ability of foreign customers to finance purchases;

•Uncertainties and restrictions concerning the availability of funding credit or guarantees;

•Imposition of taxes, export controls, tariffs, embargoes and other trade restrictions; and

•Compliance with a variety of international laws, as well as U.S. laws affecting the activities of U.S. companies abroad such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

While the impact of these factors is difficult to predict, any one or more of these factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Cyber security events or other disruptions of our information technology systems could adversely affect our business.

We rely on information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit and store electronic information, and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities. We also collect and store sensitive data, including confidential business information and personal data. These systems may be susceptible to damage, disruptions or shutdowns due to attacks by computer hackers, computer viruses, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, hardware failures, telecommunication or utility failures, catastrophes or other unforeseen events. In addition, security breaches of our systems could result in the misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information or personal data belonging to us or to our employees, partners, customers or suppliers. Any such events could disrupt our operations, delay production and shipments, result in defective products or services, damage customer relationships and our reputation and result in legal claims or proceedings that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may not have the administrative, operational or financial resources to continue to grow the company.

We have experienced rapid growth in recent periods and intend to continue to pursue an aggressive growth strategy, both through acquisitions and internal expansion of products and services. Our growth to date has placed, and could continue to place, significant demands on our administrative, operational and financial resources. We may not be able to grow effectively or manage our growth successfully, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Goodwill and other intangible assets represent a significant portion of our total assets, and we may never realize the full value of our intangible assets.

As a result of our acquisitions, goodwill and intangible assets represent a significant portion of our total assets. As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, goodwill and intangible assets, net of amortization, accounted for 59% and 58% of our total assets, respectively. We test our goodwill and intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. We may not realize the full value of our goodwill and intangible assets, and to the extent that impairment has occurred, we would be required to recognize the impaired portion of such assets in our earnings. An impairment of a significant portion of such assets could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are dependent on key personnel and the loss of these key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our success.

Our success substantially depends on the performance, contributions and expertise of our senior management team led by Laurans A. Mendelson, our Chairman and Chief Executive

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Officer, and Eric A. Mendelson and Victor H. Mendelson, our Co-Presidents. Technical employees are also critical to our research and product development, as well as our ability to continue to re-design sophisticated products of OEMs in order to sell competing replacement parts at substantially lower prices than those manufactured by the OEMs. The loss of the services of any of our executive officers or other key employees or our inability to continue to attract or retain the necessary personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our executive officers and directors have significant influence over our management and direction.

As of December 20, 2022, collectively our executive officers and entities controlled by them, the HEICO Savings and Investment Plan (our 401(k) Plan) and members of the Board of Directors beneficially owned approximately 19% of our outstanding Common Stock and approximately 3% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock. Accordingly, they will be able to substantially influence the election of the Board of Directors and control our business, policies and affairs, including our position with respect to proposed business combinations and attempted takeovers.

Industry and Macroeconomic Risks

Our success is highly dependent on the performance of the aviation industry, which could be impacted by lower demand for commercial air travel or airline fleet changes causing lower demand for our goods and services.

General global industry and economic conditions that affect the aviation industry also affect our business. We are subject to macroeconomic cycles and when recessions occur, we may experience reduced orders, payment delays, supply chain disruptions or other factors as a result of the economic challenges faced by our customers, prospective customers and suppliers. Further, the aviation industry has historically been subject to downward cycles from time to time which reduce the overall demand for jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts and repair and overhaul services, and such downward cycles result in lower sales and greater credit risk. Demand for commercial air travel can be influenced by airline industry profitability, world trade policies, government-to-government relations, terrorism, disease outbreaks, environmental constraints imposed upon aircraft operations, technological changes, price and other competitive factors. These global industry and economic conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The retirement or prolonged grounding of commercial aircraft could reduce our revenues and the value of any related inventory.

Our Flight Support Group designs and manufactures jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts and also repairs, overhauls and distributes jet engine and aircraft components. If aircraft or engines for which we offer replacement parts or supply repair and overhaul services

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are retired or grounded for prolonged periods of time and there are fewer aircraft that require these parts or services, our revenues may decline as well as the value of any related inventory.

Reductions in defense, space or homeland security spending by U.S. and/or foreign customers could reduce our revenues.

In fiscal 2022, approximately 56% of the net sales of our Electronic Technologies Group were derived from the sale of defense, commercial and defense satellite and spacecraft components, and homeland security products. A decline in defense, space or homeland security budgets or additional restrictions imposed by the U.S. government on sales of products or services to foreign military agencies could lower sales of our products and services.

We are subject to risks arising from the COVID-19 global pandemic (the "Pandemic").

Our results of operations may continue to reflect the adverse impact from the Pandemic, including its impact on our supply chain and inflationary pressures. A pandemic or other public health epidemic, poses the risk that we or our employees, customers, suppliers, manufacturers and other commercial partners may be prevented from conducting business activities for an indefinite period of time, including due to the spread of the disease or shutdowns requested or mandated by governmental authorities.

The extent to which the Pandemic may have a material adverse effect on our future business, financial condition and results of operations will depend on many factors that are not within HEICO’s control, including but not limited to the Pandemic's path and effect, including factors like new variants and vaccination rates, potential supply chain disruptions and inflation, which can impact our key markets.

Regulatory and Legal Risks

We are subject to governmental regulation and our failure to comply with these regulations could cause the government to withdraw, suspend or revoke our authorizations and approvals to do business and could subject us to penalties and sanctions that could harm our business.

Governmental agencies throughout the world, including the FAA, highly regulate the manufacture, repair and overhaul of aircraft parts and accessories. We include, with the replacement parts that we sell to our customers, documentation certifying that each part complies with applicable regulatory requirements and meets applicable standards of airworthiness established by the FAA or the equivalent regulatory agencies in other countries. In addition, our repair and overhaul operations are subject to certification pursuant to regulations established by the FAA. Specific regulations vary from country to country, although compliance with FAA requirements generally satisfies regulatory requirements in other countries. The revocation or suspension of any of our material authorizations or approvals would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. New and more stringent government regulations, if adopted and enacted, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial

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condition and results of operations. In addition, certain product sales to foreign countries of our Electronic Technologies Group and Flight Support Group require export approval or licensing from the United States ("U.S.") government. Denial of export licenses could reduce our sales to those countries and could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated disclosure requirements regarding the use of certain minerals (tantalum, tin, gold and tungsten), known as conflict minerals, which are mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or another Covered Country. There are costs associated with complying with the disclosure requirements, such as costs related to determining the source of certain minerals used in our products, as well as costs of possible changes to products, processes, or sources of supply as a consequence of such verification activities. Given the complexity of our supply chain, we may not be able to ascertain the origin of these minerals used in our products in a timely manner, which could cause some of our customers to disqualify us as a supplier to the extent we are unable to certify our products are conflict mineral free. Additionally, the rule could affect sourcing at competitive prices and availability in sufficient quantities of such minerals used in our manufacturing processes for certain products.

Also, in foreign countries in which we have operations or business, a risk exists that our associates, contractors or agents could, in contravention of our policies and compliance programs, engage in business practices prohibited by U.S. laws and regulations applicable to us, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), or the laws and regulations of other countries, such as the United Kingdom Bribery Act. Any such violations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Tax changes could affect our effective tax rate and future profitability.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, multiple state jurisdictions and certain jurisdictions outside the U.S. In fiscal 2022, our effective tax rate was 20.4%. Our future effective tax rate may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the following:

•Changes in statutory tax rates in any of the various jurisdictions where we file tax returns;

•Changes in available tax credits or tax deductions;

•Changes in tax laws or the interpretation of such tax laws including interpretations, amendments and technical corrections of the recently enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act;

•Changes to the accounting for income taxes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

•The amount of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our subsidiaries structured as partnerships;

•Changes in the mix of earnings in jurisdictions with differing statutory tax rates;

•Adjustments to estimated taxes upon finalization of various tax returns;

•Resolution of issues arising from tax audits with various tax authorities; and

•The reversal of any previously experienced tax-exempt unrealized gains in the cash surrender values of life insurance policies related to the HEICO Corporation Leadership Compensation Plan, a nonqualified deferred compensation plan.

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Any significant increase in our future effective tax rates could have a material adverse effect on net income for future periods.

We may incur product liability claims that are not fully insured and such insurance may not be available at commercially reasonable rates.

Our jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts and repair and overhaul services expose our business to potential liabilities for personal injury or death as a result of the failure of an aircraft component that we have designed, manufactured or serviced. While we maintain liability insurance to protect us from future product liability claims, an uninsured or partially insured claim, or a claim for which third-party indemnification is not available, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, our customers typically require us to maintain substantial insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates and our inability to obtain insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We may incur environmental liabilities and these liabilities may not be covered by insurance.

Our operations and facilities are subject to a number of federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, which govern, among other things, the discharge of hazardous materials into the air and water as well as the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials. Pursuant to various environmental laws, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous materials. Environmental laws typically impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of hazardous materials in the environment. Although management believes that our operations and facilities are in material compliance with environmental laws and regulations, future changes in them or interpretations thereof or the nature of our operations may require us to make significant additional capital expenditures to ensure compliance in the future.

We carry limited specific environmental insurance, thus, losses could occur for uninsurable or uninsured risks or in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. The occurrence of an event that is not covered in full or in part by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

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Item 2. PROPERTIES

We own or lease a number of facilities, which are utilized by our Flight Support Group (“FSG”), Electronic Technologies Group (“ETG”), and corporate offices. As of October 31, 2022, all of the facilities listed below were in good operating condition, well maintained and in regular use. We believe that our existing facilities are sufficient to meet our operational needs for the foreseeable future. Summary information on the facilities utilized within the FSG, ETG and our corporate offices to support their principal operating activities is as follows:

Square Footage

Location

Leased

Owned

Description

Flight Support Group

United States facilities (14 states)

1,068,000

218,000

Manufacturing, engineering and distribution facilities, and corporate headquarters

United States facilities (7 states)

260,000

127,000

Repair and overhaul facilities

International facilities (10 countries)

- China, France, Germany, India, Laos, Netherlands, Singapore, Thailand, United Arab Emirates and United Kingdom

105,000

173,000

Manufacturing, engineering and distribution facilities, and sales offices

Electronic Technologies Group

United States facilities (18 states)

818,000

502,000

Manufacturing and engineering facilities

International facilities (4 countries)

- Canada, France, South Korea and

United Kingdom

81,000

86,000

Manufacturing and engineering facilities

Corporate

United States facilities (1 state)

—

10,000 (1)

Administrative offices

(1)Represents the square footage of our corporate offices in Miami, Florida. The square footage of our corporate headquarters in Hollywood, Florida is included within Square Footage-Owned of the caption “United States facilities (14 states)” under Flight Support Group.

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Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On April 20, 2021, an indirect subsidiary of HEICO Flight Support Corp., which was acquired in June 2020, received a grand jury subpoena from the United States District Court for the Southern District of California requiring the production of documents for the time period December 1, 2017 through February 4, 2019 related to the subsidiary's employment of a certain individual and its performance of work on certain Navy vessels during that time period. We are cooperating with the investigation. We have completed our production of documents responsive to the subpoena, although we have a continuing obligation to produce such documents should any be located. At this early stage in the investigation, we cannot predict the outcome of the investigation or when the investigation will ultimately be resolved; nor can we reasonably estimate the possible range of loss or impact to our business, if any, that may result from this matter.

With the exception of the matter noted above, we are involved in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. Based upon our and our legal counsel’s evaluations of any claims or assessments, management is of the opinion that the outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our Class A Common Stock and Common Stock are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbols “HEI.A” and “HEI,” respectively.

As of December 20, 2022, there were 275 holders of record of our Common Stock and 280 holders of record of our Class A Common Stock.

Performance Graphs

The following graph and table compare the total return on $100 invested in HEICO Common Stock and HEICO Class A Common Stock with the total return on $100 invested in the NYSE Composite Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index for the five-year period from October 31, 2017 through October 31, 2022. The NYSE Composite Index measures the

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performance of all common stocks listed on the NYSE. The Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index is comprised of large companies which make aircraft, major weapons, radar and other defense equipment and systems as well as providers of satellites and spacecraft used for defense purposes. The total returns include the reinvestment of cash dividends.


	Cumulative Total Return as of October 31,
	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
HEICO Common Stock	$100.00	$144.69	$213.18	$181.84	$241.59	$282.24
HEICO Class A Common Stock	100.00	137.14	196.34	193.05	259.87	263.63
NYSE Composite Index	100.00	98.92	106.73	100.72	137.89	119.50
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	100.00	120.16	132.69	79.54	121.14	112.10

The following graph and table compare the total return on $100 invested in HEICO Common Stock since October 31, 1990 using the same indices shown on the five-year performance graph above. October 31, 1990 was the end of the first fiscal year following the date the current executive management team assumed leadership of the Company. No Class A Common Stock was outstanding as of October 31, 1990. As with the five-year performance graph, the total returns include the reinvestment of cash dividends.

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	Cumulative Total Return as of October 31,
	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994
HEICO Common Stock	$100.00	$141.49	$158.35	$173.88	$123.41
NYSE Composite Index	100.00	130.31	138.76	156.09	155.68
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	100.00	130.67	122.00	158.36	176.11


	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999
HEICO Common Stock	$263.25	$430.02	$1,008.31	$1,448.99	$1,051.61
NYSE Composite Index	186.32	225.37	289.55	326.98	376.40
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	252.00	341.65	376.36	378.66	295.99


	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004
HEICO Common Stock	$809.50	$1,045.86	$670.39	$1,067.42	$1,366.57
NYSE Composite Index	400.81	328.78	284.59	339.15	380.91
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	418.32	333.32	343.88	393.19	478.49


	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
HEICO Common Stock	$1,674.40	$2,846.48	$4,208.54	$2,872.01	$2,984.13
NYSE Composite Index	423.05	499.42	586.87	344.96	383.57
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	579.77	757.97	1,000.84	602.66	678.00


	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
HEICO Common Stock	$4,722.20	$6,557.88	$5,900.20	$10,457.14	$11,416.51
NYSE Composite Index	427.61	430.46	467.91	569.69	617.23
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	926.75	995.11	1,070.15	1,645.24	1,687.41

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	Cumulative Total Return as of October 31,
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
HEICO Common Stock	$10,776.88	$14,652.37	$23,994.03	$33,876.95	$49,277.28
NYSE Composite Index	595.37	596.57	702.38	694.81	749.66
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	1,766.94	1,878.10	2,807.42	3,373.52	3,725.15


	2020	2021	2022
HEICO Common Stock	$44,877.75	$60,000.11	$65,650.39
NYSE Composite Index	707.40	968.47	839.31
Dow Jones U.S. Aerospace Index	2,233.00	3,400.98	3,147.04

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

There were no issuer purchases of our equity securities during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

On August 10, 2022, we acquired 100% of the stock of Sensor Systems, Inc. ("Sensor"). The purchase price of this acquisition was paid for with a proportional combination of cash using proceeds from the Company's revolving credit facility and 576,338 shares of HEICO Class A Common Stock. The HEICO Class A Common Stock issued in connection with the acquisition of Sensor was not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, in accordance with Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D thereunder, as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. The shares of Class A Common Stock issued in connection with this acquisition were registered for resale pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 declared effective on August 31, 2022. See Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Dividend Policy

We have historically paid semi-annual cash dividends on both our Class A Common Stock and Common Stock. During fiscal 2022, we paid an aggregate cash dividend of $.18 per share, which represents a 6% increase over the aggregate cash dividend of $.17 per share paid during fiscal 2021. In December 2022, our Board of Directors declared our 89th consecutive semi-annual cash dividend of $.10 per share payable in January 2023. This cash dividend represents an 11% increase over the prior semi-annual per share mount of $.09.

Our Board of Directors will continue to review our dividend policy and will regularly evaluate whether dividends should be paid in cash or stock, as well as what amounts should be paid. Our ability to pay dividends could be affected by future business performance, liquidity, capital needs, alternative investment opportunities and loan covenants under our revolving credit facility.

Item 6. [Reserved]

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Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

Our business is comprised of two operating segments, the Flight Support Group (“FSG”) and the Electronic Technologies Group (“ETG”).

The FSG consists of HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp. (“HEICO Aerospace”), which is 80% owned, and HEICO Flight Support Corp., which is wholly owned, and their collective subsidiaries, which primarily:

•Designs, Manufactures, Repairs, Overhauls and Distributes Jet Engine and Aircraft Component Replacement Parts. The FSG designs and manufactures jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts, which are approved by the Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”). In addition, the FSG repairs, overhauls and distributes jet engine and aircraft components, avionics and instruments for domestic and foreign commercial air carriers and aircraft repair companies as well as military and business aircraft operators. The FSG also manufactures and sells specialty parts as a subcontractor for aerospace and industrial original equipment manufacturers and the United States ("U.S.") government. Additionally, the FSG is a leading supplier, distributor, and integrator of military aircraft parts and support services primarily to the U.S. Department of Defense, defense prime contractors, and foreign military organizations allied with the U.S. Further, the FSG is a leading manufacturer of advanced niche components and complex composite assemblies for commercial aviation, defense and space applications. The FSG also engineers, designs and manufactures thermal insulation blankets and parts as well as removable/reusable insulation systems for aerospace, defense, commercial and industrial applications; manufactures expanded foil mesh for lightning strike protection in fixed and rotary wing aircraft; distributes aviation electrical interconnect products and electromechanical parts; overhauls industrial pumps, motors, and other hydraulic units with a focus on the support of legacy systems for the U.S. Navy; and performs tight-tolerance machining, brazing, fabricating and welding services for aerospace, defense and other industrial applications.

The ETG consists of HEICO Electronic Technologies Corp. (“HEICO Electronic”) and its subsidiaries, which primarily:

•Designs and Manufactures Electronic, Microwave and Electro-Optical Equipment, High-Speed Interface Products, High Voltage Interconnection Devices, EMI and RFI Shielding and Filters, High Voltage Advanced Power Electronics, Power Conversion Products, Underwater Locator Beacons, Memory Products, Self-Sealing Auxiliary Fuel Systems, Active Antenna Systems, Airborne Antennas, and TSCM Equipment. The ETG collectively designs, manufactures and sells various types of electronic, data and microwave, and electro-optical products, including infrared simulation and test equipment, laser rangefinder receivers, electrical power supplies, back-up power supplies, power conversion products, underwater locator beacons, emergency locator transmission beacons, flight deck

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annunciators, panels and indicators, electromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding and filters, high power capacitor charging power supplies, amplifiers, traveling wave tube amplifiers, photodetectors, amplifier modules, microwave power modules, flash lamp drivers, laser diode drivers, arc lamp power supplies, custom power supply designs, cable assemblies, high voltage power supplies, high voltage interconnection devices and wire, high voltage energy generators, high frequency power delivery systems; memory products, including three-dimensional microelectronic and stacked memory, static random-access memory (SRAM) and electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM); harsh environment electronic connectors and other interconnect products, RF and microwave amplifiers, transmitters, and receivers and integrated assemblies, sub-assemblies and components; RF sources, detectors and controllers, wireless cabin control systems, solid state power distribution and management systems, crashworthy and ballistically self-sealing auxiliary fuel systems, nuclear radiation detectors, communications and electronic intercept receivers and tuners, fuel level sensing systems, high-speed interface products that link devices, high performance active antenna systems and airborne antennas for commercial and military aircraft, precision guided munitions, other defense applications and commercial uses; silicone material for a variety of demanding applications; precision power analog monolithic, hybrid and open frame components; high-reliability ceramic-to-metal feedthroughs and connectors, technical surveillance countermeasures (TSCM) equipment to detect devices used for espionage and information theft; rugged small-form factor embedded computing solutions; custom high power filters and filter assemblies; test sockets and adapters for both engineering and production use of semiconductor devices, and radiation assurance services and products.

Our results of operations in fiscal 2022 continued to reflect the adverse impact from the COVID-19 global pandemic (the “Pandemic”), including its impact on our supply chain. Despite the aforementioned, we experienced continued improvement in operating results in fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021 principally reflecting improved demand for our commercial aerospace products. The Flight Support Group has reported nine consecutive quarters of improvement in net sales and operating income resulting from signs of commercial air travel recovery in certain domestic travel markets, moderated by a slower recovery in international travel markets.

Additionally, our results of operations in fiscal 2022 have been affected by recent acquisitions as further detailed in Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Presentation of Results of Operations and Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following discussion and analysis of our Results of Operations and Liquidity and Capital Resources includes a comparison of fiscal 2022 to fiscal 2021. A similar discussion and analysis that compares fiscal 2021 to fiscal 2020 may be found in Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth the results of our operations, net sales and operating income by segment and the percentage of net sales represented by the respective items in our Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022		2021
Net sales	$2,208,322		$1,865,682
Cost of sales	1,345,563		1,138,259
Selling, general and administrative expenses	365,915		334,523
Total operating costs and expenses	1,711,478		1,472,782
Operating income	$496,844		$392,900

Net sales by segment:
Flight Support Group	$1,255,212		$927,089
Electronic Technologies Group	972,475		959,170
Intersegment sales	(19,365)		(20,577)
	$2,208,322		$1,865,682

Operating income by segment:
Flight Support Group	$267,167		$151,930
Electronic Technologies Group	269,473		277,306
Other, primarily corporate	(39,796)		(36,336)
	$496,844		$392,900

Net sales	100.0	%	100.0	%
Gross profit	39.1	%	39.0	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	16.6	%	17.9	%
Operating income	22.5	%	21.1	%
Interest expense	.3	%	.4	%
Other income	—	%	.1	%
Income tax expense	4.5	%	3.1	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	1.8	%	1.4	%
Net income attributable to HEICO	15.9	%	16.3	%

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Comparison of Fiscal 2022 to Fiscal 2021

Net Sales

Our consolidated net sales in fiscal 2022 increased by 18% to a record $2,208.3 million, up from net sales of $1,865.7 million in fiscal 2021. The increase in consolidated net sales principally reflects an increase of $328.1 million (a 35% increase) to a record $1,255.2 million within the FSG and an increase of $13.3 million (a 1% increase) to a record $972.5 million within the ETG. The net sales increase in the FSG reflects strong organic growth of 25% as well as net sales of $100.0 million contributed by our fiscal 2022 and 2021 acquisitions. The FSG's organic growth reflects increased demand for the majority of our commercial aerospace products and services resulting from continued recovery in global commercial air travel as compared to the prior year. As such, organic net sales increased by $118.5 million, $58.0 million and $51.7 million within our aftermarket replacement parts, specialty products, and repair and overhaul parts and services product lines, respectively. The net sales increase in the ETG principally reflects $31.0 million contributed by our fiscal 2022 and 2021 acquisitions, partially offset by a 2% decrease in organic net sales. The ETG's organic net sales decline is mainly attributable to decreased demand for our defense products resulting in a net sales decrease of $70.3 million, partially offset by increased demand for our other electronics, medical and aerospace products resulting in net sales increases of $29.5 million, $17.8 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Although sales price changes were not a significant contributing factor to the change in net sales of the FSG and ETG in fiscal 2022, recent cost inflation and potential supply chain disruptions may lead to higher sales prices during fiscal 2023.

Our net sales in fiscal 2022 and 2021 by market consisted of approximately 43% and 39% from the commercial aviation industry, respectively, 39% and 44% from the defense and space industries, respectively, and 18% and 17% from other industrial markets including electronics, medical and telecommunications, respectively.

Gross Profit and Operating Expenses

Our consolidated gross profit margin improved to 39.1% in fiscal 2022, up from 39.0% in fiscal 2021 principally reflecting a 2.6% improvement in the FSG's gross profit margin, partially offset by a 1.0% decrease in the ETG's gross profit margin. The increase in the FSG's gross profit margin principally reflects the previously mentioned higher net sales within our specialty products and aftermarket replacement parts product lines. The reduction in the ETG's gross profit margin principally reflects the decrease in net sales of defense products, partially offset by a more favorable product mix in net sales of space products as well as the increases in net sales of medical, other electronics and aerospace products. Total new product research and development expenses included within our consolidated cost of sales were $76.1 million in fiscal 2022, up from $68.9 million in fiscal 2021.

Our consolidated selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses were $365.9 million in fiscal 2022, as compared to $334.5 million in fiscal 2021. The increase in consolidated SG&A expenses principally reflects $17.0 million attributable to our fiscal 2021

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and 2022 acquisitions, increases of $11.8 million and $4.0 million in other selling and other general and administrative expenses, respectively, mainly incurred to support the previously mentioned net sales growth and a $6.1 million increase in performance-based compensation expense, partially offset by a $7.6 million impact from changes in the estimated fair value of accrued contingent consideration.

Our consolidated SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales decreased to 16.6% in fiscal 2022, down from 17.9% in fiscal 2021. The decrease in consolidated SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales principally reflects efficiencies realized from the higher net sales, a .4% favorable impact from changes in the estimated fair value of accrued contingent consideration, as well as a .3% impact from lower intangible asset amortization expense.

Operating Income

Our consolidated operating income increased by 26% to a record $496.8 million in fiscal 2022, up from $392.9 million in fiscal 2021. The increase in consolidated operating income principally reflects a $115.2 million increase (a 76% increase) to a record $267.2 million in operating income of the FSG, partially offset by a $7.8 million decrease (a 3% decrease) to $269.5 million in operating income of the ETG. The increase in operating income of the FSG principally reflects the previously mentioned net sales growth, improved gross profit margin and efficiencies realized from the higher net sales volume. The decrease in operating income of the ETG principally reflects the previously mentioned lower gross profit margin and a lower level of efficiencies resulting from the organic net sales decrease, partially offset by a favorable impact from changes in the estimated fair value of accrued contingent consideration. Further, the increase in consolidated operating income was partially offset by $5.6 million of higher corporate expenses mainly attributable to an increase in performance-based compensation expense and the suspension of corporate salary reductions as of the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2021.

Our consolidated operating income as a percentage of net sales increased to 22.5% in fiscal 2022, up from 21.1% in fiscal 2021. The increase principally reflects an increase in the FSG’s operating income as a percentage of net sales to 21.3% in fiscal 2022, up from 16.4% in fiscal 2021, partially offset by a decrease in the ETG's operating income as a percentage of net sales to 27.7% in fiscal 2022, as compared to 28.9% in fiscal 2021. The increase in the FSG’s operating income as a percentage of net sales principally reflects the previously mentioned improved gross profit margin, as well as a 2.3% impact from a decrease in SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales mainly reflecting the previously mentioned efficiencies. The decrease in the ETG's operating income as a percentage of net sales principally reflects the previously mentioned lower gross profit margin and a 1.0% impact from an increase in SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales mainly from the previously mentioned lower level of efficiencies, partially offset by a .8% favorable impact from changes in the estimated fair value of accrued contingent consideration.

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Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased to $6.4 million in fiscal 2022, down from $7.3 million in fiscal 2021. The decrease was principally due to a lower weighted average balance of borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility, partially offset by a higher weighted average interest rate.

Other Income

Other income in fiscal 2022 and 2021 was not material.

Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate was 20.4% in fiscal 2022, as compared to 14.8% in fiscal 2021. The increase in our effective tax rate principally reflects a 5.7% unfavorable impact from tax-exempt unrealized losses in the cash surrender values of life insurance policies related to the HEICO Leadership Compensation Plan (the "LCP") recognized in fiscal 2022 as compared to the tax-exempt unrealized gains recognized on such policies in fiscal 2021.

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests relates to the 20% noncontrolling interest held by Lufthansa Technik AG in HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp. and the noncontrolling interests held by others in certain subsidiaries of the FSG and ETG. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $38.9 million in fiscal 2022, as compared to $25.5 million in fiscal 2021. The increase in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests principally reflects improved operating results of certain subsidiaries of the FSG and ETG in which noncontrolling interests are held, inclusive of fiscal 2021 and 2022 acquisitions.

Net Income Attributable to HEICO

Net income attributable to HEICO increased by 16% to a record $351.7 million, or $2.55 per diluted share, in fiscal 2022, up from $304.2 million, or $2.21 per diluted share, in fiscal 2021 principally reflecting the previously mentioned higher consolidated operating income, partially offset by the increase in the effective tax rate.

Outlook

As we look ahead to fiscal 2023, we anticipate net sales growth in both the FSG and ETG, principally driven by demand for the majority of our products. Additionally, continued inflationary pressures and lingering supply chain disruptions stemming from the Pandemic may lead to higher material and labor costs. During fiscal 2023, we plan to continue our commitments to developing new products and services, further market penetration, and an aggressive acquisition strategy while maintaining our financial strength and flexibility.

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Inflation

We have generally experienced increases in our costs of labor, materials and services consistent with overall rates of inflation. The impact of such increases on net income attributable to HEICO has been generally minimized by efforts to lower costs through manufacturing efficiencies and cost reductions as well as selective price increases, as was done in fiscal 2022. However, continued cost inflation and supply chain disruptions during fiscal 2023 may require additional sales price increases in order to mitigate their impact on net income attributable to HEICO.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our capitalization (in thousands):


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$139,504	$108,298
Total debt (including current portion)	290,274	236,498
Shareholders’ equity	2,648,306	2,296,939
Total capitalization (debt plus equity)	2,938,580	2,533,437
Total debt to total capitalization	10%	9%

Our principal uses of cash include acquisitions, capital expenditures, cash dividends, distributions to noncontrolling interests and working capital needs. Capital expenditures in fiscal 2023 are anticipated to approximate $40 million. We finance our activities primarily from our operating and financing activities, including borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

As of December 20, 2022, we had approximately $1,202 million of unused committed availability under the terms of our revolving credit facility. Based on our current outlook, we believe that net cash provided by operating activities and available borrowings under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $467.9 million in fiscal 2022 and consisted primarily of net income from consolidated operations of $390.6 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $96.3 million (a non-cash item), net changes in other long-term liabilities and assets related to the LCP of $15.4 million (principally participant deferrals and employer contributions), $12.6 million in share-based compensation expense (a non-cash item), and $12.2 million in employer contributions to the HEICO Savings and Investment Plan (a non-cash item), partially offset by a $61.4 million increase in net working capital. The increase in net working capital principally reflects an $89.2 million increase in inventories to support the increase in our consolidated backlog, partially offset by a $34.1 million increase in accrued

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expenses and other current liabilities mainly reflecting an increase in contingent consideration and contract liabilities.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $23.8 million in fiscal 2022, up from $444.1 million in fiscal 2021. The increase is principally attributable to a $60.9 million increase in net income from consolidated operations and a $24.5 million decrease in deferred income tax benefits, partially offset by a $62.9 million increase in net working capital principally reflecting the previously mentioned increase in inventories. The decrease in deferred income tax benefits reflects the impact of tax deferred unrealized losses in LCP participant account balances in fiscal 2022 as compared to tax deferred unrealized gains recognized on such account balances in fiscal 2021.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $444.1 million in fiscal 2021 and consisted primarily of net income from consolidated operations of $329.8 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $93.0 million (a non-cash item), net changes in other long-term liabilities and assets related to the LCP of $12.8 million (principally participant deferrals and employer contributions), $10.1 million in employer contributions to the HEICO Savings and Investment Plan (a non-cash item), and $9.1 million in share-based compensation expense (a non-cash item), partially offset by a $15.6 million deferred income tax benefit.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $395.8 million in fiscal 2022 and related primarily to acquisitions of $347.3 million, capital expenditures of $32.0 million, and investments related to the LCP of $15.3 million. Further details regarding our acquisitions may be found in Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $183.5 million in fiscal 2021 and related primarily to acquisitions of $136.5 million (net of cash acquired), capital expenditures of $36.2 million, and investments related to the LCP of $14.0 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2022 totaled $33.8 million. During fiscal 2022, we made $212.0 million in payments on our revolving credit facility, redeemed common stock related to stock option exercises aggregating $25.9 million, made $25.1 million of distributions to noncontrolling interests, paid $24.5 million in cash dividends on our common stock and paid $8.7 million to acquire certain noncontrolling interests, which were partially offset by $262.0 million of borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2021 totaled $559.0 million. During fiscal 2021, we made $505.0 million in payments on our revolving credit facility, made $28.0 million of distributions to noncontrolling interests, paid $23.0 million in cash dividends on our common stock, redeemed common stock related to stock option exercises aggregating $3.8 million, paid $2.3 million to acquire certain noncontrolling interests, and paid revolving credit facility

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issuance costs of $1.5 million, which were partially offset by $5.3 million in proceeds from stock option exercises.

In November 2017, we entered into a $1.3 billion Revolving Credit Facility Agreement ("Credit Facility") with a bank syndicate. The Credit Facility may be used to finance acquisitions and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures. In December 2020, we entered into an amendment to increase the capacity by $200 million to $1.5 billion. The Credit Facility includes a feature that will allow us to increase the capacity by $350 million to become a $1.85 billion facility through increased commitments from existing lenders or the addition of new lenders. In April 2022, we entered into an amendment to extend the maturity date of our Credit Facility by one year to November 2024 and to replace the Eurocurrency Rate with Adjusted Term SOFR as an election in which borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest at our election of the Base Rate or Adjusted Term SOFR, plus in each case, the Applicable Rate (based on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio). The Base Rate for any day is a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the highest of (i) the Prime Rate; (ii) the Federal Funds Rate plus .50%; and (iii) Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period of one month plus 100 basis points. Adjusted Term SOFR is the rate per annum equal to Term SOFR plus a Term SOFR Adjustment of .10%; provided that Adjusted Term SOFR as so determined shall never be less than 0%, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility. The Applicable Rate for SOFR Loans ranges from 1.00% to 2.00%. The Applicable Rate for Base Rate Loans ranges from 0% to 1.00%. A fee is charged on the amount of the unused commitment ranging from .125% to .30% (depending on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio). The Credit Facility also includes $100 million sublimits for borrowings made in foreign currencies and for swingline borrowings, and a $50 million sublimit for letters of credit. Outstanding principal, accrued and unpaid interest and other amounts payable under the Credit Facility may be accelerated upon an event of default, as such events are described in the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility is unsecured and contains covenants that require, among other things, the maintenance of a Total Leverage Ratio and an Interest Coverage Ratio, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility. We were in compliance with all financial and nonfinancial covenants of the Credit Facility as of October 31, 2022.

Other Obligations and Commitments

The holders of equity interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have rights (“Put Rights”) that require the Company to provide cash consideration for their equity interests (the “Redemption Amount”) at fair value or at a formula that management intended to reasonably approximate fair value based solely on a multiple of future earnings over a measurement period. As of October 31, 2022, management’s estimate of the aggregate Redemption Amount of all Put Rights that we could be required to pay is approximately $327.6 million, which is included within redeemable noncontrolling interests in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The estimated aggregate Redemption Amount of the Put Rights that are currently puttable, previously put, or becoming puttable during fiscal 2023 is approximately $103.2 million, of which approximately

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$56.3 million would be payable in fiscal 2023 should all of the eligible associated noncontrolling interest holders elect to exercise their Put Rights during fiscal 2023. See Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

As discussed in Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, on August 5, 2022, we entered into a purchase agreement to acquire approximately 95% of the stock of Exxelia International for €453 million plus the assumption of approximately €14 million of liabilities. The closing of the transaction, which is expected to occur in the first quarter of fiscal 2023, is subject to customary closing conditions, including, among others, obtaining a required foreign antitrust clearance and foreign investment authorizations. Changes in the exchange rate between the Euro and the U.S. dollar will either favorably or unfavorably affect the purchase price as translated into U.S. dollars upon closing. A hypothetical 10% weakening or strengthening in the exchange rate of the Euro to the U.S. dollar as of October 31, 2022 would decrease or increase the purchase price as translated into U.S. dollars by $44.9 million.

See Note 5, Long-Term Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our long-term debt obligations.

See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information pertaining to contingent consideration obligations. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of contingent consideration payable in fiscal 2023 was $28.8 million.

See Note 9, Leases, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information pertaining to future minimum lease payments relating to the Company’s operating and finance lease obligations.

Critical Accounting Policies

We believe that the following are our most critical accounting policies, which require management to make judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain.

Assumptions utilized to determine fair value in connection with business combinations, contingent consideration arrangements and in goodwill and intangible assets impairment tests are highly judgmental. If there is a material change in such assumptions or if there is a material change in the conditions or circumstances influencing fair value, we could be required to recognize a material impairment charge. See Item 1A., Risk Factors, for a list of factors which may cause our actual results to differ materially from anticipated results.

Revenue Recognition

HEICO recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a promised good or service to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for the good or service. Our performance obligations are satisfied and control is transferred either at a point-in-time or over-time. The majority of our revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when

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control is transferred, which is generally evidenced by the shipment or delivery of the product to the customer, a transfer of title, a transfer of the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and customer acceptance. For certain contracts under which we produce products with no alternative use and for which we have an enforceable right to recover costs incurred plus a reasonable profit margin for work completed to date and for certain other contracts under which we create or enhance a customer-owned asset while performing repair and overhaul services, control is transferred to the customer over-time. HEICO recognizes revenue using an over-time recognition model for these types of contracts.

We utilize the cost-to-cost method as a measure of progress for performance obligations that are satisfied over-time as we believe this input method best represents the transfer of control to the customer. Under this method, revenue for the current period is recorded at an amount equal to the ratio of costs incurred to date divided by total estimated contract costs multiplied by (i) the transaction price, less (ii) cumulative revenue recognized in prior periods. Contract costs include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs and depreciation.

Under the cost-to-cost method, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the proportion of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. These projections require management to make numerous assumptions and estimates relating to items such as the complexity of design and related development costs, performance of subcontractors, availability and cost of materials, labor productivity and cost, overhead, capital costs, and manufacturing efficiency. We review our cost estimates on a periodic basis, or when circumstances change and warrant a modification to a previous estimate. Cost estimates are largely based on negotiated or estimated purchase contract terms, historical performance trends and other economic projections.

For certain contracts with similar characteristics and for which revenue is recognized using an over-time model, we use a portfolio approach to estimate the amount of revenue to recognize. For each portfolio of contracts, the respective work in process and/or finished goods inventory balances are identified and the portfolio-specific margin is applied to estimate the pro rata portion of the transaction price to recognize in relation to the costs incurred. This approach is utilized only when the resulting revenue recognition is not expected to be materially different than if the accounting was applied to the individual contracts.

Certain of our contracts give rise to variable consideration when they contain items such as customer rebates, credits, volume purchase discounts, penalties and other provisions that may impact the total consideration we will receive. We include variable consideration in the transaction price generally by applying the most likely amount method of the consideration that we expect to be entitled to receive based on an assessment of all available information (i.e., historical experience, current and forecasted performance) and only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. We estimate variable consideration by applying the most likely amount method when there are a limited number of outcomes related to the resolution of the variable consideration.

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Changes in estimates that result in adjustments to net sales and cost of sales are recognized as necessary in the period they become known on a cumulative catch-up basis. Changes in estimates did not have a material effect on net income from consolidated operations in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020.

Valuation of Inventory

We periodically evaluate the carrying value of inventory, giving consideration to factors such as its physical condition, sales patterns and expected future demand in order to estimate the amount necessary to write down any slow moving, obsolete or damaged inventory. These estimates could vary significantly from actual amounts based upon future economic conditions, customer inventory levels, or competitive factors that were not foreseen or did not exist when the estimated write-downs were made.

In accordance with industry practice, all inventories are classified as a current asset including portions with long production cycles, some of which may not be realized within one year.

Business Combinations

We allocate the purchase price of acquired entities to the underlying tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and any noncontrolling interests assumed based on their estimated fair values, with any excess recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives and market multiples, among other items. We determine the fair values of intangible assets acquired generally in consultation with third-party valuation advisors.

As part of the agreement to acquire certain subsidiaries, we may be obligated to pay contingent consideration should the acquired entity meet certain earnings objectives subsequent to the date of acquisition. As of the acquisition date, contingent consideration is recorded at fair value as determined through the use of a probability-based scenario analysis approach. Under this method, a set of discrete potential future subsidiary earnings is determined using internal estimates based on various revenue growth rate assumptions for each scenario. A probability of likelihood is then assigned to each discrete potential future earnings estimate and the resultant contingent consideration is calculated and discounted using a weighted average discount rate reflecting the credit risk of HEICO. Subsequent to the acquisition date, the fair value of such contingent consideration is measured each reporting period and any changes are recorded to SG&A expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in either the revenue growth rates, related earnings or the discount rate could result in a material change to the

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amount of contingent consideration accrued. As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, $82.8 million and $62.3 million of contingent consideration was accrued within our Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. During fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, such fair value measurement adjustments resulted in net (decreases) increases to SG&A expenses of ($7.6) million, $1.2 million and $.5 million, respectively. For further information regarding our contingent consideration arrangements, see Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Valuation of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

We test goodwill for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be fully recoverable. In evaluating the recoverability of goodwill, we compare the fair value of each of our reporting units to its carrying value to determine potential impairment and an impairment loss is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value. The fair values of our reporting units were determined using a weighted average of a market approach and an income approach. Under the market approach, fair values are estimated using published market multiples for comparable companies. We calculate fair values under the income approach by taking estimated future cash flows that are based on internal projections and other assumptions deemed reasonable by management and discounting them using an estimated weighted average cost of capital. Based on the annual goodwill impairment test as of October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, we determined there was no impairment of our goodwill. The fair value of each of our reporting units as of October 31, 2022 significantly exceeded its carrying value.

We test each non-amortizing intangible asset (principally trade names) for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. To derive the fair value of our trade names, we utilize an income approach, which relies upon management's assumptions of royalty rates, projected revenues and discount rates. We also test each amortizing intangible asset for impairment if events or circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The test consists of determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the total of the undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of those assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. The determination of fair value requires us to make a number of estimates, assumptions and judgments of underlying factors such as projected revenues and related earnings as well as discount rates. Based on the intangible asset impairment tests conducted, we did not recognize any impairment losses in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020.

New Accounting Pronouncement

See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - New Accounting Pronouncement, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

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Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this report constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained herein that are not clearly historical in nature may be forward-looking and the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “estimate” and similar expressions are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement contained herein, in press releases, written statements or other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or in communications and discussions with investors and analysts in the normal course of business through meetings, phone calls and conference calls, concerning our operations, economic performance and financial condition are subject to risks, uncertainties and contingencies. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. All forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from anticipated results, performance or achievements. Also, forward-looking statements are based upon management’s estimates of fair values and of future costs, using currently available information. Therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by those forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences include:

•The severity, magnitude and duration of the Pandemic, including supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures;

•Our liquidity and the amount and timing of cash generation;

•Lower commercial air travel caused by the Pandemic and its aftermath, airline fleet changes or airline purchasing decisions, which could cause lower demand for our goods and services;

•Product specification costs and requirements, which could cause an increase to our costs to complete contracts;

•Governmental and regulatory demands, export policies and restrictions, reductions in defense, space or homeland security spending by U.S. and/or foreign customers or competition from existing and new competitors, which could reduce our sales;

•Our ability to introduce new products and services at profitable pricing levels, which could reduce our sales or sales growth;

•Product development or manufacturing difficulties, which could increase our product development and manufacturing costs and delay sales;

•Our ability to make acquisitions, including obtaining any applicable domestic and/or foreign governmental approvals, and achieve operating synergies from acquired businesses; customer credit risk; interest, foreign currency exchange and income tax

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rates; economic conditions, including the effects of inflation, within and outside of the aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries, which could negatively impact our costs and revenues; and

•Defense spending or budget cuts, which could reduce our defense-related revenue.

For further information on these and other factors that potentially could materially affect our financial results, see Item 1A, Risk Factors. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by applicable law.

Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk

We have exposure to interest rate risk, mainly related to our revolving credit facility, which has variable interest rates. Interest rate risk associated with our variable rate debt is the potential increase in interest expense from an increase in interest rates. Based on our aggregate outstanding variable rate debt balance of $275.0 million as of October 31, 2022, a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates would not have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. We also maintain a portion of our cash and cash equivalents in financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less. These financial instruments are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if interest rates increase.

Due to the short duration of these financial instruments, a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates as of October 31, 2022 would not have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Foreign Currency Risk

We have several foreign subsidiaries that utilize a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, or principally the Euro. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates between such foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar will affect the translation of the financial results of our foreign subsidiaries into the U.S. dollar for purposes of reporting our consolidated financial results. A hypothetical 10% weakening in the exchange rate of the Euro to the U.S. dollar as of October 31, 2022 would not have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

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Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


						Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34)						48

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2022 and 2021						51

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020						52

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020						53

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020						54

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020						56

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements						57

Financial Statement Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020						116

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

HEICO Corporation

Hollywood, Florida

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of HEICO Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2022, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated December 21, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

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Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the Finance/Audit Committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Inventories, net - Refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of inventory, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to sales patterns and expected future demand in order to estimate the amount necessary to write down any slow moving or obsolete inventory. Changes in the assumptions related to future demand and sales patterns could have a significant impact on the valuation of finished goods inventory for certain of the Company’s distribution and aftermarket parts business units in the Flight Support Group operating segment.

Given the magnitude of the inventory balances at these business units, coupled with the judgments necessary to project sales patterns and expected future demand within these aftermarket replacement parts and repair and overhaul parts and services business units, auditing such estimates required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort when performing audit procedures and evaluating the results of those procedures.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the expected future demand and sales patterns used by management to estimate the valuation reserve on inventory included the following, among others:

•We tested the effectiveness of controls, including those related to evaluating the reasonableness of expected future demand and sales patterns.

•We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s assumptions of future demand and sales patterns by performing the following:

◦Utilized historical inventory usage data to analyze the relationship between the inventory valuation reserve calculated, the inventory on hand, and the sales trends over time.

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◦Compared management’s assumptions to available external market data for certain inventory items.

•Evaluated the accuracy and completeness of the valuation reserve by performing substantive analytical procedures on the reserve balance at the business unit level.

•We tested changes in the inventory valuation reserve and evaluated whether such changes were the result of the sale or write off of inventory parts or the result of changes in the significant assumptions used to develop the valuation reserve.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Miami, Florida

December 21, 2022

We have served as the Company's auditor since 1990.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share data)


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$139,504	$108,298
Accounts receivable, net	294,848	244,919
Contract assets	93,978	80,073
Inventories, net	582,471	478,050
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	41,929	26,045
Total current assets	1,152,730	937,385

Property, plant and equipment, net	225,879	193,638
Goodwill	1,672,425	1,450,395
Intangible assets, net	733,327	582,307
Other assets	311,135	334,682
Total assets	$4,095,496	$3,498,407

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt	$1,654	$1,515
Trade accounts payable	116,551	85,544
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	290,199	206,857
Income taxes payable	12,455	964
Total current liabilities	420,859	294,880

Long-term debt, net of current maturities	288,620	234,983
Deferred income taxes	71,162	40,761
Other long-term liabilities	338,948	378,257
Total liabilities	1,119,589	948,881

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)

Redeemable noncontrolling interests (Note 13)	327,601	252,587

Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued	—	—
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share; 150,000 shares authorized; 54,519 and 54,264 shares issued and outstanding	545	543
Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value per share; 150,000 shares authorized; 82,093 and 81,224 shares issued and outstanding	821	812
Capital in excess of par value	397,337	320,747
Deferred compensation obligation	5,297	5,297
HEICO stock held by irrevocable trust	(5,297)	(5,297)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(46,499)	(8,552)
Retained earnings	2,253,932	1,949,521
Total HEICO shareholders’ equity	2,606,136	2,263,071
Noncontrolling interests	42,170	33,868
Total shareholders’ equity	2,648,306	2,296,939
Total liabilities and equity	$4,095,496	$3,498,407

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020

Net sales	$2,208,322	$1,865,682	$1,787,009

Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales	1,345,563	1,138,259	1,104,882
Selling, general and administrative expenses	365,915	334,523	305,479

Total operating costs and expenses	1,711,478	1,472,782	1,410,361

Operating income	496,844	392,900	376,648

Interest expense	(6,386)	(7,285)	(13,159)
Other income	565	1,443	1,366

Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests	491,023	387,058	364,855

Income tax expense	100,400	57,300	29,000

Net income from consolidated operations	390,623	329,758	335,855

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	38,948	25,538	21,871

Net income attributable to HEICO	$351,675	$304,220	$313,984

Net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders:
Basic	$2.59	$2.25	$2.33
Diluted	$2.55	$2.21	$2.29

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic	136,010	135,326	134,754
Diluted	138,037	137,854	137,302

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020

Net income from consolidated operations	$390,623	$329,758	$335,855
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(40,078)	(591)	8,876
Unrealized gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plan, net of tax	368	991	(1,012)
Amortization of unrealized loss on defined benefit pension plan, net of tax	65	135	73
Total other comprehensive (loss) income	(39,645)	535	7,937
Comprehensive income from consolidated operations	350,978	330,293	343,792
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	38,948	25,538	21,871
Foreign currency translation adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interests	(1,698)	(62)	347
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	37,250	25,476	22,218
Comprehensive income attributable to HEICO	$313,728	$304,817	$321,574

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except per share data)


		HEICO Shareholders' Equity
	Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	Common Stock	Class A Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Deferred Compensation Obligation	HEICO Stock Held by Irrevocable Trust	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retained Earnings	Noncontrolling Interests	Total Shareholders' Equity
Balances as of October 31, 2021	$252,587	$543	$812	$320,747	$5,297	($5,297)	($8,552)	$1,949,521	$33,868	$2,296,939
Comprehensive income (loss)	27,442	—	—	—	—	—	(37,947)	351,675	9,808	323,536
Cash dividends ($.18 per share)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(24,466)	—	(24,466)
Issuance of common stock for an acquisition	—	—	6	74,999	—	—	—	—	—	75,005
Issuance of common stock to HEICO Savings and Investment Plan	—	—	1	11,416	—	—	—	—	—	11,417
Share-based compensation expense	—	—	—	12,646	—	—	—	—	—	12,646
Proceeds from stock option exercises	—	3	3	2,346	—	—	—	—	—	2,352
Redemptions of common stock related to stock option exercises	—	(1)	(1)	(25,944)	—	—	—	—	—	(25,946)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(23,607)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(1,485)	(1,485)
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests	(12,150)	—	—	3,415	—	—	—	—	—	3,415
Noncontrolling interests assumed related to acquisitions	56,770	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Adjustments to redemption amount of redeemable noncontrolling interests	22,798	—	—	—	—	—	—	(22,798)	—	(22,798)

Other	3,761	—	—	(2,288)	—	—	—	—	(21)	(2,309)
Balances as of October 31, 2022	$327,601	$545	$821	$397,337	$5,297	($5,297)	($46,499)	$2,253,932	$42,170	$2,648,306


		HEICO Shareholders' Equity
	Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	Common Stock	Class A Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Deferred Compensation Obligation	HEICO Stock Held by Irrevocable Trust	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retained Earnings	Noncontrolling Interests	Total Shareholders' Equity
Balances as of October 31, 2020	$221,208	$542	$809	$299,930	$4,886	($4,886)	($9,149)	$1,688,045	$30,430	$2,010,607
Comprehensive income	19,662	—	—	—	—	—	597	304,220	5,814	310,631
Cash dividends ($.17 per share)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(23,002)	—	(23,002)
Issuance of common stock to HEICO Savings and Investment Plan	—	1	—	9,791	—	—	—	—	—	9,792
Share-based compensation expense	—	—	—	9,058	—	—	—	—	—	9,058
Proceeds from stock option exercises	—	—	3	5,341	—	—	—	—	—	5,344
Redemptions of common stock related to stock option exercises	—	—	—	(3,791)	—	—	—	—	—	(3,791)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(25,746)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(2,217)	(2,217)
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests	(2,336)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Noncontrolling interests assumed related to acquisitions	18,989	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Adjustments to redemption amount of redeemable noncontrolling interests	19,743	—	—	—	—	—	—	(19,743)	—	(19,743)
Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests	1,067	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Deferred compensation obligation	—	—	—	—	411	(411)	—	—	—	—
Other	—	—	—	418	—	—	—	1	(159)	260
Balances as of October 31, 2021	$252,587	$543	$812	$320,747	$5,297	($5,297)	($8,552)	$1,949,521	$33,868	$2,296,939

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except per share data)


		HEICO Shareholders' Equity
	Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	Common Stock	Class A Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Deferred Compensation Obligation	HEICO Stock Held by Irrevocable Trust	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retained Earnings	Noncontrolling Interests	Total Shareholders' Equity
Balances as of October 31, 2019	$188,264	$541	$804	$284,609	$4,232	($4,232)	($16,739)	$1,397,327	$28,118	$1,694,660
Comprehensive income	16,932	—	—	—	—	—	7,590	313,984	5,286	326,860
Cash dividends ($.16 per share)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(21,552)	—	(21,552)
Issuance of common stock to HEICO Savings and Investment Plan	—	1	—	9,723	—	—	—	—	—	9,724
Share-based compensation expense	—	—	—	10,134	—	—	—	—	—	10,134
Proceeds from stock option exercises	—	—	6	6,949	—	—	—	—	—	6,955
Redemptions of common stock related to stock option exercises	—	—	(1)	(12,119)	—	—	—	—	—	(12,120)
Noncontrolling interests assumed related to acquisitions	22,204	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests	14,329	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(16,176)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	(1,732)	(1,732)
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests	(7,475)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Adjustments to redemption amount of redeemable noncontrolling interests	1,714	—	—	—	—	—	—	(1,714)	—	(1,714)
Deferred compensation obligation	—	—	—	—	654	(654)	—	—	—	—
Other	1,416	—	—	634	—	—	—	—	(1,242)	(608)
Balances as of October 31, 2020	$221,208	$542	$809	$299,930	$4,886	($4,886)	($9,149)	$1,688,045	$30,430	$2,010,607

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Operating Activities:
Net income from consolidated operations	$390,623	$329,758	$335,855
Adjustments to reconcile net income from consolidated operations to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	96,333	93,019	88,561
Share-based compensation expense	12,646	9,058	10,134
Employer contributions to HEICO Savings and Investment Plan	12,180	10,091	9,576
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)	8,876	(15,635)	(5,998)
(Decrease) increase in accrued contingent consideration, net	(7,631)	1,246	515
Payment of contingent consideration	—	—	(175)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable	(29,272)	(27,300)	71,515
(Increase) decrease in contract assets	(4,148)	376	(16,398)
Increase in inventories	(89,186)	(10,121)	(28,315)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets	(10,077)	(4,795)	2,471
Increase (decrease) in trade accounts payable	25,567	6,907	(30,327)
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities	34,122	33,634	(37,905)
Increase (decrease) in income taxes payable	11,597	2,821	(9,586)
Net changes in other long-term liabilities and assets related to HEICO Leadership Compensation Plan	15,398	12,781	14,836
Other	828	2,244	4,366
Net cash provided by operating activities	467,856	444,084	409,125

Investing Activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(347,308)	(136,500)	(163,939)
Capital expenditures	(31,982)	(36,183)	(22,940)
Investments related to HEICO Leadership Compensation Plan	(15,300)	(14,000)	(15,900)
Other	(1,239)	3,229	3,736
Net cash used in investing activities	(395,829)	(183,454)	(199,043)

Financing Activities:
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	262,000	—	245,000
Payments on revolving credit facility	(212,000)	(505,000)	(68,000)
Redemptions of common stock related to stock option exercises	(25,946)	(3,791)	(12,120)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(25,092)	(27,963)	(17,908)
Cash dividends paid	(24,466)	(23,002)	(21,552)
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests	(8,735)	(2,336)	(7,475)
Revolving credit facility issuance costs	(1,010)	(1,468)	—
Proceeds from stock option exercises	2,352	5,344	6,955
Payment of contingent consideration	(320)	—	(325)
Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests	—	534	14,329
Other	(616)	(1,286)	(1,161)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(33,833)	(558,968)	137,743

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(6,988)	(216)	2,026

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	31,206	(298,554)	349,851
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	108,298	406,852	57,001
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$139,504	$108,298	$406,852

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Business

HEICO Corporation, through its principal subsidiaries consisting of HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp. (“HEICO Aerospace”), HEICO Flight Support Corp. ("HFSC") and HEICO Electronic Technologies Corp. (“HEICO Electronic”) and their respective subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), is principally engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of aerospace, defense and electronic related products and services throughout the United States ("U.S.") and internationally. The Company’s customer base is primarily the aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries.

Basis of Presentation

The Company has two operating segments: the Flight Support Group (“FSG”), consisting of HEICO Aerospace and HFSC and their respective subsidiaries; and the Electronic Technologies Group (“ETG”), consisting of HEICO Electronic and its subsidiaries.

The consolidated financial statements include the financial accounts of HEICO Corporation and its direct subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned except for HEICO Aerospace, which is 20% owned by Lufthansa Technik AG ("LHT"), the technical services subsidiary of Lufthansa German Airlines. HFSC consolidates six subsidiaries which are 70%, 74%, 82%, 84%, 89% and 96% owned, respectively, three subsidiaries that are approximately 90% owned and six subsidiaries that are each 80.1% owned. In addition, HEICO Aerospace consolidates a joint venture, which is 84% owned. HEICO Electronic consolidates four subsidiaries that are each 80.1% owned, two subsidiaries that are each 75% owned, and six subsidiaries which are 80.4%, 82.5%, 85%, 90%, 92.7% and 95.9% owned, respectively. Certain subsidiaries of HEICO Electronic consolidate subsidiaries that are less than wholly owned. See Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.

The Company's results of operations in fiscal 2022 continued to reflect the adverse impact from the COVID-19 global pandemic (the “Pandemic”), including its impact on the Company’s supply chain. Despite the aforementioned, the Company experienced continued improvement in operating results in fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021 principally reflecting improved demand for its commercial aerospace products. The Flight Support Group has reported nine consecutive quarters of improvement in net sales and operating income resulting from signs of commercial air travel recovery in certain domestic travel markets, moderated by a slower recovery in international travel markets.

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Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the consolidated financial statements, the Company considers all highly liquid investments such as U.S. Treasury bills and money market funds with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of amounts billed and currently due from customers. The valuation of accounts receivable requires that the Company set up an allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts and record a corresponding charge to bad debt expense. The Company estimates uncollectible receivables based on such factors as its prior experience, its appraisal of a customer’s ability to pay, age of receivables outstanding and economic conditions within and outside of the aviation, defense, space, medical, telecommunications and electronics industries.

Contract Assets

Contract assets (unbilled receivables) represent revenue recognized on contracts using an over-time recognition model in excess of amounts invoiced to the customer. See Note 6, Revenue, for additional information regarding the Company's contract assets.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of temporary cash investments and trade accounts receivable. The Company places its temporary cash investments with high credit quality financial institutions and limits the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across many different geographical regions. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers, but does not generally require collateral to support customer receivables.

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Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined on the first-in, first-out or the average cost basis. Losses, if any, are recognized fully in the period when identified. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of inventory, giving consideration to factors such as its physical condition, sales patterns and expected future demand in order to estimate the amount necessary to write down any slow moving, obsolete or damaged inventory. These estimates could vary significantly from actual amounts based upon future economic conditions, customer inventory levels or competitive factors that were not foreseen or did not exist when the estimated write-downs were made. In accordance with industry practice, all inventories are classified as a current asset including portions with long production cycles, some of which may not be realized within one year.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization is generally provided on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets. The Company’s property, plant and equipment is generally depreciated over the following estimated useful lives:


Buildings and improvements	10	to	40	years
Machinery and equipment	3	to	10	years
Leasehold improvements	2	to	20	years
Tooling	2	to	5	years

The costs of major additions and improvements are capitalized. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the leasehold improvement’s useful life or the lease term.

Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Upon an asset's disposition, its cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the financial accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected within earnings.

Leases

The Company’s lease arrangements primarily pertain to manufacturing facilities, office buildings, equipment, land and vehicles. The Company evaluates whether a contractual arrangement that provides it with control over the use of an asset is, or contains, a lease at the inception date. The term of a lease is inclusive of any option to renew, extend, or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such option. The Company classifies a lease as operating or finance using the classification criteria set forth in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842. HEICO recognizes lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and corresponding lease liabilities as of the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate used to calculate the present value of the Company’s leases is based on HEICO’s incremental borrowing rate and considers credit risk, the lease term and other available information as of the commencement date since the

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leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate are included in the determination of ROU assets and lease liabilities using the index or rate at the lease commencement date. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate or resulting from changes in an index or rate subsequent to the lease commencement date, are recorded as lease expense in the period in which the obligation for the payment is incurred. The Company’s ROU assets are increased by any prepaid lease payments and initial direct costs and reduced by any lease incentives. The Company’s leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. See Note 9, Leases, for additional information regarding the Company’s accounting policy for leases.

Business Combinations

The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired entities to the underlying tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and any noncontrolling interests assumed based on their estimated fair values, with any excess recorded as goodwill. The operating results of acquired businesses are included in the Company’s results of operations beginning as of their effective acquisition dates. Acquisition costs were not material in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020.

For contingent consideration arrangements, a liability is recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date with subsequent fair value adjustments recorded in operations. Additional information regarding the Company's contingent consideration arrangements may be found in Note 2, Acquisitions, and Note 8, Fair Value Measurements.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be fully recoverable. In evaluating the recoverability of goodwill, the Company compares the fair value of each of its reporting units to its carrying value to determine potential impairment and an impairment loss is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value. The fair values of the Company's reporting units are determined by using a weighted average of a market approach and an income approach. Under the market approach, fair values are estimated using published market multiples for comparable companies. The Company calculates fair values under the income approach by taking estimated future cash flows that are based on internal projections and other assumptions deemed reasonable by management and discounting them using an estimated weighted average cost of capital.

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The Company’s intangible assets not subject to amortization consist principally of its trade names. The Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized on the straight-line method (except for certain customer relationships amortized on an accelerated method) over the following estimated useful lives:


Customer relationships	6	to	17	years
Intellectual property	7	to	22	years
Other	5	to	20	years

Amortization expense of intellectual property is recorded as a component of cost of sales and amortization expense of customer relationships is recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company tests each non-amortizing intangible asset for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. To derive the fair value of its trade names, the Company utilizes an income approach, which relies upon management's assumptions of royalty rates, projected revenues and discount rates. The Company also tests each amortizing intangible asset for impairment if events or circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The test consists of determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the total of the undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of those assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. The determination of fair value requires management to make a number of estimates, assumptions and judgments of such factors as projected revenues and earnings and discount rates.

Customer Rebates and Credits

The Company records accrued customer rebates and credits as a component of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts generally relate to discounts negotiated with customers as part of certain sales contracts that are usually tied to sales volume thresholds. The Company accrues customer rebates and credits as a reduction within net sales as the revenue is recognized based on the estimated level of discount rate expected to be earned by each customer over the life of the contractual rebate period (generally one year). Accrued customer rebates and credits are monitored by management and discount levels are updated at least quarterly.

Product Warranties

Product warranty liabilities are estimated at the time of shipment and recorded as a component of accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount recognized is based on historical claims experience.

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan

In connection with a prior year acquisition, the Company assumed a frozen qualified defined benefit pension plan (the "Plan"). The Plan's benefits are based on employee compensation and years of service; however, the accrued benefit for Plan participants was fixed as of the date of acquisition. The Company uses an actuarial valuation to determine the projected benefit obligation of the Plan and records the difference between the fair value of the Plan's assets and the projected benefit obligation as of October 31 in other long-term liabilities in its Consolidated Balance Sheets, but reclassifies any excess funded amounts to other long-term assets. Additionally, any actuarial gain or loss that arises during a fiscal year that is not recognized as a component of net periodic pension income or expense is recorded as a component of other comprehensive income or (loss), net of tax. The following table presents the fair value of the Plan's assets and projected benefit obligation as of October 31, for each of the last two fiscal years (in thousands):


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
Fair value of plan assets	$10,106	$13,116
Projected benefit obligation	9,924	13,979
Funded status	$182	($863)

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a promised good or service to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for the good or service. The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied and control is transferred either at a point-in-time or over-time. The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when control is transferred, which is generally evidenced by the shipment or delivery of the product to the customer, a transfer of title, a transfer of the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and customer acceptance. For certain contracts under which the Company produces products with no alternative use and for which it has an enforceable right to recover costs incurred plus a reasonable profit margin for work completed to date and for certain other contracts under which the Company creates or enhances a customer-owned asset while performing repair and overhaul services, control is transferred to the customer over-time. The Company recognizes revenue using an over-time recognition model for these types of contracts.

The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, the payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it is entitled to receive. Customer payment terms related to the sale of products and the rendering of services vary by Company subsidiary and product line. The time between receipt of payment and recognition of revenue for satisfaction of the related performance obligation is not significant.

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A performance obligation is a promise within a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer in exchange for payment and is the unit of account for recognizing revenue. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when or as the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation to transfer goods or services. For contracts with more than one performance obligation, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its estimated standalone selling price. When standalone selling prices are not available, the transaction price is allocated using an expected cost plus margin approach as pricing for such contracts is typically negotiated on the basis of cost.

The Company accounts for contract modifications prospectively when the remaining goods or services are distinct and on a cumulative catch-up basis when the remaining goods or services are not distinct.

The Company provides assurance type warranties on many of its products and services. Since customers cannot purchase such warranties independently of the products or services under contract and they are not priced separately, warranties are not separate performance obligations.

The Company utilizes the cost-to-cost method as a measure of progress for performance obligations that are satisfied over-time as it believes this input method best represents the transfer of control to the customer. Under this method, revenue for the current period is recorded at an amount equal to the ratio of costs incurred to date divided by total estimated contract costs multiplied by (i) the transaction price, less (ii) cumulative revenue recognized in prior periods. Contract costs include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs and depreciation.

Under the cost-to-cost method, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the proportion of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. These projections require the Company to make numerous assumptions and estimates relating to items such as the complexity of design and related development costs, performance of subcontractors, availability and cost of materials, labor productivity and cost, overhead, capital costs, and manufacturing efficiency. The Company reviews its cost estimates on a periodic basis, or when circumstances change and warrant a modification to a previous estimate. Cost estimates are largely based on negotiated or estimated purchase contract terms, historical performance trends and other economic projections.

For certain contracts with similar characteristics and for which revenue is recognized using an over-time model, the Company uses a portfolio approach to estimate the amount of revenue to recognize. For each portfolio of contracts, the respective work in process and/or finished goods inventory balances are identified and the portfolio-specific margin is applied to estimate the pro rata portion of the transaction price to recognize in relation to the costs incurred. This approach is utilized only when the resulting revenue recognition is not expected to be materially different than if the accounting was applied to the individual contracts.

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Certain of the Company’s contracts give rise to variable consideration when they contain items such as customer rebates, credits, volume purchase discounts, penalties and other provisions that may impact the total consideration the Company will receive. The Company includes variable consideration in the transaction price generally by applying the most likely amount method of the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive based on an assessment of all available information (i.e., historical experience, current and forecasted performance) and only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. The Company estimates variable consideration by applying the most likely amount method when there are a limited number of outcomes related to the resolution of the variable consideration. See Note 6, Revenue, for additional information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition policy.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options in its Consolidated Statements of Operations based on the grant date fair value of those awards. The fair value of each stock option on the date of grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model based on certain valuation assumptions. Expected stock price volatility is based on the Company’s historical stock prices over the expected life of the option grant and other factors. The risk-free interest rate used is based on the published U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the option grant for instruments with a similar life. The dividend yield reflects the Company’s expected dividend yield at the date of grant. The expected option life represents the period of time that the stock options are expected to be outstanding, taking into consideration the contractual term of the option grant and employee historical exercise behavior. The Company’s historical rate of forfeiture is nominal and therefore not included when estimating the grant date fair value of stock option awards. As such, the Company recognizes the impact of forfeitures when they occur. The Company generally recognizes stock option compensation expense ratably over the award’s vesting period.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense includes U.S. and foreign income taxes. Deferred income taxes are provided on elements of income that are recognized for financial reporting purposes in periods different from when recognized for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Tax law and rate changes are reflected in income in the period such changes are enacted. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense and to treat

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any tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") as a current period income tax expense. Further information regarding income taxes can be found in Note 7, Income Taxes.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

As further detailed in Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, the holders of equity interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have rights (“Put Rights”) that require the Company to provide cash consideration for their equity interests (the “Redemption Amount”) at fair value or at a formula that management intended to reasonably approximate fair value based solely on a multiple of future earnings over a measurement period. The Put Rights are embedded in the shares owned by the noncontrolling interest holders and are not freestanding.

The Company tracks the carrying cost of such redeemable noncontrolling interests at historical cost plus an allocation of subsidiary earnings based on ownership interest, less dividends paid to the noncontrolling interest holders. Redeemable noncontrolling interests are recorded outside of permanent equity at the higher of their carrying cost or management’s estimate of the Redemption Amount. The initial adjustment to record redeemable noncontrolling interests at the Redemption Amount results in a corresponding decrease to retained earnings. Subsequent adjustments to the Redemption Amount of redeemable noncontrolling interests may result in corresponding decreases or increases to retained earnings, provided any increases to retained earnings may only be recorded to the extent of decreases previously recorded. Adjustments to Redemption Amounts based on fair value will have no effect on net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders whereas the portion of periodic adjustments to the carrying amount of redeemable noncontrolling interests based solely on a multiple of future earnings that reflect a redemption amount in excess of fair value will affect net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders. Acquisitions of redeemable noncontrolling interests are treated as equity transactions.

Net Income per Share Attributable to HEICO Shareholders

Basic net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders is computed by dividing net income attributable to HEICO by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders is computed by dividing net income attributable to HEICO by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus potentially dilutive common shares arising from the assumed exercise of stock options, if dilutive. The dilutive impact of potentially dilutive common shares is determined by applying the treasury stock method.

Foreign Currency

All assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries that do not utilize the U.S. dollar as its functional currency are translated at period-end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated using average exchange rates for the period. Unrealized translation gains or losses are reported as foreign currency translation adjustments through other comprehensive income or (loss) in shareholders’ equity. Transaction gains or losses related to monetary balances

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denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are recorded in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Contingencies

Losses for contingencies such as product warranties, litigation and environmental matters are recognized in income when they are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Gain contingencies are not recognized in income until they have been realized.

New Accounting Pronouncement

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers," which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, or in fiscal 2024 for HEICO. Early adoption is permitted and ASU 2021-08 shall be applied on a prospective basis to business combinations that occur on or after the adoption date. The Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any, the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

2. ACQUISITIONS

In September 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired 100% of the stock of TRAD Tests & Radiations SAS (“TRAD”). TRAD specializes in radiation engineering, including test and simulation of radiation effects on electronic components and materials, developing and providing software for radiation testing and effects modeling, and sourcing/screening radiation tolerant and radiation hardened components. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In September 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired 80.36% of the stock of Ironwood Electronics, Inc. ("Ironwood"). Ironwood designs and manufactures high performance test sockets and adapters for both engineering and production use of semiconductor devices. The remaining 19.64% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Ironwood's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $6.4 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should Ironwood meet certain earnings objectives following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation.

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In August 2022, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, acquired 100% of the stock of Sensor Systems, Inc. ("Sensor"). Sensor designs and manufactures airborne antennas for commercial and military applications. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid for with a proportional combination of cash using proceeds from the Company's revolving credit facility and 576,338 shares of HEICO Class A Common Stock.

In August 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired 100% of the stock of Charter Engineering, Inc. ("Charter"). Charter designs and manufactures a complete line of RF and Microwave coaxial switches for the aerospace, defense, commercial, Automated Test Equipment ("ATE"), and instrumentation markets. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In July 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HFSC, acquired 96% of the stock of Accurate Metal Machining, Inc. ("Accurate"). Accurate is a manufacturer of high-reliability components and assemblies. The remaining 4% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Accurate’s management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $13.1 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should Accurate meet certain earnings objectives following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation.

In March 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HFSC, acquired 74% of the membership interests of Pioneer Industries, LLC ("Pioneer"). Pioneer is a specialty distributor of spares for military aviation, marine, and ground platforms. The remaining 26% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Pioneer's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $9.8 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should Pioneer meet a certain earnings objective following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation.

In March 2022, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired 100% of the stock of Flight Microwave Corporation ("Flight Microwave"). Flight Microwave is a designer and manufacturer of custom high power filters and filter assemblies used in space and defense applications. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In October 2021, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired all of the outstanding stock of Paciwave, Inc. ("Paciwave"). Paciwave is a designer and manufacturer of Radio Frequency (RF) and microwave components and integrated assemblies specializing particularly in PIN Diode Switches, PIN Attenuators, PIN Limiters, Switching Assemblies and integrated subsystems found in defense and other complex electronic applications. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

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In September 2021, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, acquired 80.1% of the stock of R.H. Laboratories, Inc. ("RH Labs"). RH Labs designs and manufactures state-of-the-art RF and microwave integrated assemblies, sub-assemblies and components used in a broad range of demanding defense applications operating in harsh environments including Space. The remaining 19.9% interest continues to be owned by certain members of RH Lab's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In August 2021, the Company, through HFSC, acquired 89% of the membership interests of Ridge HoldCo, LLC, which owns all of Ridge Engineering, Inc. ("Ridge") and The Bechdon Company, Inc. ("Bechdon"). Ridge performs tight-tolerance machining and brazing of large-sized parts in mission-critical defense and aerospace applications. Bechdon provides machining, fabrication and welding services for aerospace, defense and other industrial applications. The remaining 11% interests continue to be owned by certain members of Ridge’s and Bechdon's management teams (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $18.3 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should Ridge and Bechdon meet certain earnings objectives following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In June 2021, the Company, through HFSC, acquired certain assets and liabilities of Camtronics, LLC ("Camtronics"). Camtronics is a Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA")-certified Part 145 repair station with extensive proprietary FAA-designated engineering representative repairs for a variety of domestic and international commercial and cargo airlines. As a result of the transaction, HFSC has an 80.1% interest in Camtronics. Additionally, the noncontrolling interest holders of an 84% owned subsidiary of HFSC have a 9.9% interest in Camtronics and the remaining 10% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Camtronics' management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In March 2021, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, acquired all of the business, assets and certain liabilities of Pyramid Semiconductor LLC ("Pyramid"). Pyramid is a specialty semiconductor designer and manufacturer offering a well-developed line of processors, static random-access memory (SRAM), electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) and Logic products on a diverse array of military, space and medical platforms. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid in cash using cash provided by operating activities.

In August 2020, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, acquired 89.99% of the equity interests of Connect Tech Inc. ("Connect Tech"). Connect Tech designs and manufacturers rugged, small-form-factor embedded computing solutions. Connect Tech's components are designed for very harsh environments and are primarily used in rugged commercial and industrial, aerospace and defense, transportation, and smart energy applications. The remaining

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10.01% interest continues to be owned by a certain member of Connect Tech's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $9.7 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should Connect Tech meet certain earnings objectives following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation.

In August 2020, the Company, through a newly formed subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired all of the equity interests of Transformational Security, LLC and Intelligent Devices, Inc. (collectively, "TSID"). TSID develops and manufactures state-of-the-art Technical Surveillance Countermeasures ("TSCM") equipment used to protect critical spaces from exploitation via wireless transmissions, technical surveillance and listening devices. The subsidiary of HEICO Electronic that completed the acquisition is 75% owned by HEICO Electronic and 25% owned by the noncontrolling interest holders of a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic that is also a designer and manufacturer of TSCM equipment (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information). The total consideration includes an accrual of $14.0 million as of the acquisition date representing the estimated fair value of contingent consideration the Company may be obligated to pay should TSID meet certain earnings objectives following the acquisition. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company’s contingent consideration obligation.

In June 2020, the Company, through HFSC, acquired 70% of the membership interests of Rocky Mountain Hydrostatics, LLC ("Rocky Mountain"). Rocky Mountain overhauls industrial pumps, motors, and other hydraulic units with a focus on the support of legacy systems for the U.S. Navy. The remaining 30% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Rocky Mountain's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information).

In May 2020, a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic obtained 100% ownership of the assets and liabilities of Freebird Semiconductor Corporation ("Freebird"), an entity in which the subsidiary held a controlling financial interest since November 2018. In June 2020, the HEICO Electronic subsidiary contributed the assets and liabilities of Freebird in exchange for a 49% equity interest in EPC Space LLC ("EPC”), which the Company accounts for under the equity method. As the fair value of the net assets contributed approximated the fair value of the equity interest received in EPC, no material gain or loss was recorded as a result of this transaction. EPC designs, develops, promotes, markets and sells radiation-hardened gallium nitride power solutions packaged for use in outer space and other high reliability applications.

In December 2019, the Company, through a subsidiary of HEICO Electronic, acquired 100% of the business and assets of the Human-Machine Interface ("HMI") product line of Spectralux Corporation. HMI designs, manufactures, and repairs flight deck annunciators, panels, indicators, and illuminated keyboards, as well as lighting controls, and flight deck lighting.

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In December 2019, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, acquired 80.1% of the stock of Quell Corporation ("Quell"). Quell designs and manufactures electromagnetic interference (EMI)/radio-frequency interference (RFI) and transient protection solutions for a wide variety of connectors that principally serve customers within the aerospace and defense markets. The remaining 19.9% interest continues to be owned by certain members of Quell's management team (see Note 13, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, for additional information).

Unless otherwise noted, the purchase price of each of the above referenced acquisitions was paid in cash, principally using proceeds from the Company's revolving credit facility, and is not material or significant to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

The following table summarizes the aggregate total consideration for the Company's acquisitions based on the year of acquisition (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Cash paid	$348,606	$136,995	$165,290
Less: cash acquired	(1,852)	(616)	(1,323)
Cash paid, net	346,754	136,379	163,967
Issuance of common stock for an acquisition	75,005	—	—
Contingent consideration	29,732	18,334	23,719
Additional purchase consideration	4,000	292	144
Total consideration	$455,491	$155,005	$187,830

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The following table summarizes the allocation of the aggregate total consideration for the Company's acquisitions to the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed (in thousands, and based on the year of acquisition):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Assets acquired:
Goodwill	$244,042	$59,445	$114,391
Customer relationships	132,199	30,910	44,740
Intellectual property	45,265	23,920	27,120
Trade names	41,784	9,920	12,410
Property, plant and equipment	26,472	24,613	4,000
Inventories	23,673	6,391	10,902
Accounts receivable	24,954	6,866	7,124
Contract assets	10,054	18,386	2,530
Other assets	6,917	1,126	980
Total assets acquired, excluding cash	555,360	181,577	224,197

Liabilities assumed:
Deferred income taxes	22,470	414	10,434
Accrued expenses	12,765	4,502	2,787
Accounts payable	7,529	2,338	726
Other liabilities	417	266	197
Total liabilities assumed	43,181	7,520	14,144

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries	56,688	19,052	22,223

Net assets acquired, excluding cash	$455,491	$155,005	$187,830

The following table summarizes the weighted average amortization period of the definite-lived intangible assets acquired in connection with the Company's fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 acquisitions (in years):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Customer relationships	15	12	10
Intellectual property	13	13	11

The allocation of the total consideration for the fiscal 2022 acquisitions to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed is preliminary until the Company obtains final information regarding their fair values. However, the Company does not expect any adjustment to such allocations to be material to the Company's

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consolidated financial statements. The allocation of the total consideration for the fiscal 2021 and 2020 acquisitions to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed is final and inclusive of any measurement period adjustments made during the respective subsequent fiscal year, which were immaterial. The primary items that generated the goodwill recognized were the premiums paid by the Company for the future earnings potential of the businesses acquired and the value of their assembled workforces that do not qualify for separate recognition, which, in the case of Ironwood, Accurate and Pioneer benefit both the Company and the noncontrolling interest holders. The fair value of the noncontrolling interests in Ironwood, Accurate and Pioneer was determined based on the consideration paid by the Company for its controlling ownership interest adjusted for a lack of control that a market participant would consider when estimating the fair value of the noncontrolling interest.

The operating results of the fiscal 2022 acquisitions were included in the Company’s results of operations from each of the effective acquisition dates. The amount of net sales and earnings of the fiscal 2022 acquisitions included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the respectful fiscal year is not material. Had the fiscal 2022 acquisitions occurred as of November 1, 2020, net sales on a pro forma basis for fiscal 2022 would have been $2,325.2 million and net income from consolidated operations, net income attributable to HEICO, and basic and diluted net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders on a pro forma basis for fiscal 2022 would not have been materially different than the reported amounts.

The following table presents unaudited pro forma financial information for fiscal 2021 as if the fiscal 2022 acquisitions had occurred as of November 1, 2020 (in thousands, except per share data):


			Year ended
			October 31, 2021
Net sales			$2,043,464
Net income from consolidated operations			$349,208
Net income attributable to HEICO			$319,660
Net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders:
Basic			$2.35
Diluted			$2.31

The pro forma financial information is presented for comparative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that actually would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place as of November 1, 2020. The unaudited pro forma financial information includes adjustments to historical amounts such as additional amortization expense related to the intangible assets acquired and increased interest expense associated with borrowings to finance the acquisitions.

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The operating results of the fiscal 2021 and 2020 acquisitions were included in the Company’s results of operations from each of the effective acquisition dates. The amount of net sales and earnings of the fiscal 2021 and 2020 acquisitions included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the respectful fiscal year is not material. Had the fiscal 2021 and 2020 acquisitions occurred as of the beginning of the respective prior fiscal year, net sales, net income from consolidated operations, net income attributable to HEICO, and basic and diluted net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders on a pro forma basis for fiscal 2021 and 2020, and fiscal 2020, respectively, would not have been materially different than the reported amounts.

On July 26, 2022, the Company, through HEICO Electronic, entered into a Put Option Agreement with IK Partners and certain other parties thereto (collectively, the “Sellers”). Pursuant to the Put Option Agreement and a Stock Purchase Agreement attached to the Put Option Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement” and, together with the Put Option Agreement, the “Acquisition Agreements”), the Company has committed to acquire Exxelia International (“Exxelia”) from an affiliate of IK Partners and the Sellers for €453 million, or approximately $449 million as of October 31, 2022, in cash to be paid at closing plus the assumption of approximately €14 million, or approximately $14 million as of October 31, 2022, of liabilities pursuant to the terms, and subject to the conditions, set forth in the Acquisition Agreements. On August 5, 2022, pursuant to the exercise of the Put Option Agreement, the Company entered into the Purchase Agreement to purchase Exxelia. Exxelia designs, manufactures and sells high-reliability (“Hi-Rel”), complex, passive electronic components and rotary joint assemblies for mostly aerospace and defense applications, in addition to other high-end applications, such as medical and energy uses, including emerging “clean energy” and electrification applications. Exxelia's management and team members are expected to continue to own a minority interest of around 5% of the business. The purchase price of this acquisition is expected to be paid in cash, principally using proceeds from the Company's revolving credit facility. The closing of the transaction, which is expected to occur in the first quarter of fiscal 2023, is subject to customary closing conditions, including, among others, obtaining a required foreign antitrust clearance and foreign investment authorizations.

3. SELECTED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

Accounts Receivable


	As of October 31,
(in thousands)	2022	2021
Accounts receivable	$303,181	$255,793
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(8,333)	(10,874)
Accounts receivable, net	$294,848	$244,919

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Inventories


	As of October 31,
(in thousands)	2022	2021
Finished products	$285,024	$238,867
Work in process	59,739	44,887
Materials, parts, assemblies and supplies	237,708	194,296
Inventories, net of valuation reserves	$582,471	$478,050

Property, Plant and Equipment


	As of October 31,
(in thousands)	2022	2021
Land	$17,579	$11,363
Buildings and improvements	148,598	134,150
Machinery, equipment and tooling	322,252	297,297
Construction in progress	14,533	7,784
	502,962	450,594
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(277,083)	(256,956)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$225,879	$193,638

The amounts set forth above include tooling costs having a net book value of $6.0 million and $6.8 million as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense on capitalized tooling was $2.5 million, $2.8 million and $3.2 million in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Depreciation and amortization expense, exclusive of tooling, on property, plant and equipment was $30.3 million, $27.8 million and $27.1 million in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities


	As of October 31,
(in thousands)	2022	2021
Accrued employee compensation and related payroll taxes	$130,837	$121,200
Contract liabilities	58,757	32,738
Contingent consideration	28,849	—
Accrued customer rebates and credits	17,938	13,237
Current operating lease liabilities	14,656	13,874
Other	39,162	25,808
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$290,199	$206,857

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The increase in contingent consideration reflects the current portion of contingent consideration pertaining to subsidiaries acquired by the ETG in fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2020 (see Note 8, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information regarding the Company's contingent consideration obligations). See Note 6, Revenue, for additional information pertaining to the increase in contract liabilities. The total customer rebates and credits deducted within net sales in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $7.6 million, $3.3 million and $4.6 million, respectively. The increase in total customer rebates and credits deducted within net sales in fiscal 2022 principally reflects an increase in the net sales volume of certain commercial aerospace customers eligible for rebates mainly resulting from the fiscal 2022 net sales growth.

Other Long-Term Assets and Liabilities

The Company provides eligible employees, officers and directors of the Company the opportunity to voluntarily defer base salary, bonus payments, commissions, long-term incentive awards and directors fees, as applicable, on a pre-tax basis through the HEICO Corporation Leadership Compensation Plan (the “LCP”), a nonqualified deferred compensation plan that conforms to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company matches 50% of the first 6% of base salary deferred by each participant. Director fees that would otherwise be payable in Company common stock may be deferred into the LCP, and, when distributable, are distributed in actual shares of Company common stock. The deferred compensation obligation associated with Company common stock is recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity at cost and subsequent changes in fair value are not reflected in operations or shareholders’ equity of the Company. Further, while the Company has no obligation to do so, the LCP also provides the Company the opportunity to make discretionary contributions. The Company’s matching contributions and any discretionary contributions are subject to vesting and forfeiture provisions set forth in the LCP. Company contributions to the LCP charged to income in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 totaled $7.2 million, $7.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The aggregate liabilities of the LCP were $203.0 million and $244.3 million as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are classified within other long-term liabilities and accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The assets of the LCP, totaling $204.7 million and $245.6 million as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are classified within other assets in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and principally represent cash surrender values of life insurance policies that are held within an irrevocable trust that may be used to satisfy the obligations of the LCP. Additional information regarding the assets of the LCP may be found in Note 8, Fair Value Measurements.

Research and Development Expenses

The amount of new product research and development ("R&D") expenses included in cost of sales is as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
R&D expenses	$76,061	$68,877	$65,559

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss during fiscal 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


	Foreign Currency Translation	Defined Benefit Pension Plan	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balances as of October 31, 2020	($6,460)	($2,689)	($9,149)
Unrealized (loss) gain	(529)	991	462
Amortization of unrealized loss	—	135	135
Balances as of October 31, 2021	(6,989)	(1,563)	(8,552)
Unrealized (loss) gain	(38,380)	368	(38,012)
Amortization of unrealized loss	—	65	65
Balances as of October 31, 2022	($45,369)	($1,130)	($46,499)

4. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment during fiscal 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


	Segment		Consolidated
	FSG	ETG	Totals
Balances as of October 31, 2020	$427,565	$955,602	$1,383,167
Goodwill acquired	40,308	26,142	66,450
Foreign currency translation adjustments	227	540	767
Adjustments to goodwill	188	(177)	11
Balances as of October 31, 2021	468,288	982,107	1,450,395
Goodwill acquired	106,919	137,123	244,042
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(6,335)	(8,672)	(15,007)
Adjustments to goodwill	(6,911)	(94)	(7,005)
Balances as of October 31, 2022	$561,961	$1,110,464	$1,672,425

The goodwill acquired during fiscal 2022 and 2021 pertains to the acquisitions consummated in those respective years as described in Note 2, Acquisitions, and represents the residual value after the allocation of the total consideration to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities and noncontrolling interests assumed. Foreign currency translation adjustments are included in other comprehensive income (loss) in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The adjustments to goodwill in fiscal 2022 principally reflect a measurement period adjustment of the write-up to fair value of property, plant and equipment associated with a fiscal 2021 acquisition. The Company estimates that $99 million and $55 million of the goodwill acquired in fiscal 2022 and 2021, respectively, will be deductible for income tax purposes. Based on the annual test for goodwill impairment as of

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October 31, 2022, the Company determined there is no impairment of its goodwill and the fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units significantly exceeded their carrying value.

Identifiable intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of October 31, 2022			As of October 31, 2021
	Gross Carrying Amount	Accumulated Amortization	Net Carrying Amount	Gross Carrying Amount	Accumulated Amortization	Net Carrying Amount
Amortizing Assets:
Customer relationships	$539,529	($208,127)	$331,402	$464,506	($221,098)	$243,408
Intellectual property	284,171	(98,983)	185,188	255,011	(94,313)	160,698
Other	8,700	(7,017)	1,683	8,841	(6,844)	1,997
	832,400	(314,127)	518,273	728,358	(322,255)	406,103
Non-Amortizing Assets:
Trade names	215,054	—	215,054	176,204	—	176,204
	$1,047,454	($314,127)	$733,327	$904,562	($322,255)	$582,307

The increase in the gross carrying amount of customer relationships, intellectual property and trade names as of October 31, 2022 compared to October 31, 2021 principally relates to such intangible assets recognized in connection with the fiscal 2022 acquisitions (see Note 2, Acquisitions).

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $62.5 million, $61.3 million and $57.4 million in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years and thereafter is estimated to be $66.1 million in fiscal 2023, $61.0 million in fiscal 2024, $56.5 million in fiscal 2025, $51.9 million in fiscal 2026, $48.7 million in fiscal 2027 and $234.1 million thereafter.

5. LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
Borrowings under revolving credit facility	$275,000	$225,000
Finance leases and notes payable (1)	15,274	11,498
	290,274	236,498
Less: Current maturities of long-term debt	(1,654)	(1,515)
	$288,620	$234,983

(1) See Note 9, Leases, for additional information regarding the Company's finance leases.

The Company's borrowings under its revolving credit facility mature in fiscal 2025. As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the

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Company's revolving credit facility was 4.6% and 1.1%, respectively. The revolving credit facility contains both financial and non-financial covenants. As of October 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.

Revolving Credit Facility

In November 2017, the Company entered into a $1.3 billion Revolving Credit Facility Agreement ("Credit Facility") with a bank syndicate. The Credit Facility may be used to finance acquisitions and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures. In December 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to increase the capacity by $200 million to $1.5 billion. The Credit Facility includes a feature that will allow the Company to increase the capacity by $350 million to become a $1.85 billion facility through increased commitments from existing lenders. In April 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to extend the maturity date of its Credit Facility by one year to November 2024 and to replace the Eurocurrency Rate with Adjusted Term SOFR as an election in which borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest at the Company's election of the Base Rate or Adjusted Term SOFR, plus in each case, the Applicable Rate (based on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio). The Base Rate for any day is a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the highest of (i) the Prime Rate; (ii) the Federal Funds Rate plus .50%; and (iii) Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period of one month plus 100 basis points. Adjusted Term SOFR is the rate per annum equal to Term SOFR plus a Term SOFR Adjustment of .10%; provided that Adjusted Term SOFR as so determined shall never be less than 0%, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility. The Applicable Rate for SOFR Loans ranges from 1.00% to 2.00%. The Applicable Rate for Base Rate Loans ranges from 0% to 1.00%. A fee is charged on the amount of the unused commitment ranging from .125% to .30% (depending on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio). The Credit Facility also includes $100 million sublimits for borrowings made in foreign currencies and for swingline borrowings, and a $50 million sublimit for letters of credit. Outstanding principal, accrued and unpaid interest and other amounts payable under the Credit Facility may be accelerated upon an event of default, as such events are described in the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility is unsecured and contains covenants that require, among other things, the maintenance of a Total Leverage Ratio and an Interest Coverage Ratio, as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Facility.

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6. REVENUE

Contract Balances

Contract assets (unbilled receivables) represent revenue recognized on contracts using an over-time recognition model in excess of amounts invoiced to the customer. Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) represent customer advances and billings in excess of revenue recognized and are included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Changes in the Company’s contract assets and liabilities during fiscal 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


	October 31, 2022	October 31, 2021	Change
Contract assets	$93,978	$80,073	$13,905
Contract liabilities	58,757	32,738	26,019
Net contract assets	$35,221	$47,335	($12,114)

The increase in the Company's contract assets during fiscal 2022 principally reflects the contract assets of certain businesses acquired during fiscal 2022. The increase in the Company's contract liabilities during fiscal 2022 reflects the receipt of advance deposits on certain customer contracts at both the ETG and FSG as well as the contract liabilities of certain businesses acquired during fiscal 2022.

The amount of revenue that the Company recognized during fiscal 2022 that was included in contract liabilities as of the beginning of fiscal 2022 was $24.9 million.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of October 31, 2022, the Company had $582.3 million of remaining performance obligations associated with contracts with an original duration of greater than one year pertaining to the majority of the products offered by the ETG as well as certain products of the FSG's specialty products and aftermarket replacement parts product lines. The Company will recognize net sales as these obligations are satisfied. The Company expects to recognize $321.5 million of this amount during fiscal 2023 and $260.8 million thereafter, of which about half is expected to occur in fiscal 2024.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes the Company’s net sales by product line for each operating segment (in thousands):


	Year Ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Flight Support Group:
Aftermarket replacement parts (1)	$694,900	$535,217	$525,636
Repair and overhaul parts and services (2)	264,986	208,215	193,164
Specialty products (3)	295,326	183,657	206,012
Total net sales	1,255,212	927,089	924,812

Electronic Technologies Group:
Electronic component parts primarily for defense, space and aerospace equipment (4)	672,147	709,621	679,901
Electronic component parts for equipment in various other industries (5)	300,328	249,549	195,086
Total net sales	972,475	959,170	874,987

Intersegment sales	(19,365)	(20,577)	(12,790)

Total consolidated net sales	$2,208,322	$1,865,682	$1,787,009

(1) Includes various jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts.

(2) Includes primarily the sale of parts consumed in various repair and overhaul services on selected jet engine and aircraft components, avionics, instruments, composites and flight surfaces of commercial and military aircraft.

(3) Includes primarily the sale of specialty components such as thermal insulation blankets, renewable/reusable insulation systems, advanced niche components, complex composite assemblies, and expanded foil mesh as well as machining, brazing, fabricating and welding services generally to original equipment manufacturers.

(4) Includes various component parts such as electro-optical infrared simulation and test equipment, electro-optical laser products, electro-optical, microwave and other power equipment, high-speed interface products, power conversion products, underwater locator beacons, emergency locator transmission beacons, traveling wave tube amplifiers, microwave power modules, a wide variety of memory products and radio frequency (RF) and microwave products, crashworthy and ballistically self-sealing auxiliary fuel systems, high performance communications and electronic intercept receivers and tuners, high performance active antenna systems and airborne antennas, technical surveillance countermeasures (TSCM) equipment, custom high power filters and filter assemblies, and radiation assurance services and products.

(5) Includes various component parts such as electromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding, high voltage interconnection devices, high voltage advanced power electronics, harsh environment connectivity products, custom molded cable assemblies, silicone material for a variety of demanding

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applications, rugged small form-factor embedded computing solutions and high performance test sockets and adaptors.

The following table summarizes the Company’s net sales by industry for each operating segment (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Flight Support Group:
Aerospace	$876,254	$660,867	$669,194
Defense and Space	316,460	224,236	213,273
Other (1)	62,498	41,986	42,345
Total net sales	1,255,212	927,089	924,812

Electronic Technologies Group:
Defense and Space	545,384	599,570	577,581
Other (2)	340,311	284,834	225,749
Aerospace	86,780	74,766	71,657
Total net sales	972,475	959,170	874,987

Intersegment sales	(19,365)	(20,577)	(12,790)

Total consolidated net sales	$2,208,322	$1,865,682	$1,787,009

(1) Principally industrial products.

(2) Principally other electronics and medical products.

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7. INCOME TAXES

The components of income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Domestic	$429,329	$345,733	$327,754
Foreign	61,694	41,325	37,101
Income before taxes and noncontrolling interests	$491,023	$387,058	$364,855

The components of the provision for income taxes on income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Current:
Federal	$63,861	$47,839	$17,730
State	13,015	11,639	4,167
Foreign	14,648	13,457	13,101
	91,524	72,935	34,998
Deferred:
Federal	8,154	(10,097)	(3,364)
State	1,129	(3,251)	(55)
Foreign	(407)	(2,287)	(2,579)
	8,876	(15,635)	(5,998)
Total income tax expense	$100,400	$57,300	$29,000

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:


	Year ended October 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Federal statutory income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	2.6	%	2.9	%	3.7	%
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises	(3.6	%)	(3.7	%)	(13.3	%)
Tax-exempt losses (gains) on corporate-owned life insurance policies	2.8	%	(2.9	%)	(0.7	%)
Research and development tax credits	(1.5	%)	(2.5	%)	(2.4	%)
Foreign derived intangible income deduction	(1.9	%)	(1.9	%)	(1.6	%)
Nondeductible compensation	1.2	%	1.2	%	.4	%
Other, net	(.2	%)	.7	%	.8	%
Effective tax rate	20.4	%	14.8	%	7.9	%

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The Company's effective tax rate in fiscal 2022 was 20.4%, as compared to 14.8% in fiscal 2021. The increase in the Company's effective tax rate principally reflects a 5.7% unfavorable impact from tax-exempt unrealized losses in the cash surrender values of life insurance policies related to the HEICO Leadership Compensation Plan (the "LCP") recognized in fiscal 2022 as compared to the tax-exempt unrealized gains recognized on such policies in fiscal 2021.

The Company's effective tax rate in fiscal 2021 was 14.8%, as compared to 7.9% in fiscal 2020. The Company recognized a discrete tax benefit from stock option exercises in fiscal 2021 and 2020 of $14.2 million and $48.3 million, respectively. The tax benefit from stock option exercises in both years was the result of strong appreciation in HEICO's stock price during the optionees' holding periods and the $34.1 million larger benefit recognized in fiscal 2020 was the result of more stock options exercised. Additionally, the effective tax rate in fiscal 2021 reflects the favorable impact of higher tax-exempt unrealized gains in the cash surrender values of life insurance policies related to the LCP.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in multiple state jurisdictions. The Company is also subject to income taxes in certain jurisdictions outside the U.S., none of which are individually material to the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Generally, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state or foreign examinations by tax authorities for years prior to fiscal 2018. One of the Company's foreign subsidiaries files income tax returns in The Netherlands and Thailand where the statute of limitations is open for its fiscal 2016 returns.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will generate sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of its deferred tax assets and has therefore not recorded a valuation allowance on any such asset.

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Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
Deferred tax assets:
Inventories	$51,505	$41,354
Deferred compensation plan liability	42,285	54,726
Operating lease liabilities	20,043	16,483
Share-based compensation	9,177	8,759
Performance-based compensation accrual	4,482	4,615
Customer rebates accrual	3,323	2,236
Vacation accrual	2,127	1,910
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	1,598	2,532
Deferred payroll taxes	1,262	2,372
Other	12,687	9,102
Total deferred tax assets	148,489	144,089

Deferred tax liabilities:
Goodwill and other intangible assets	(176,436)	(145,024)
Property, plant and equipment	(21,746)	(19,580)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(19,344)	(15,941)
Adoption of ASC 606 (revenue recognition)	(388)	(2,677)
Other	(1,737)	(1,628)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(219,651)	(184,850)
Net deferred tax liability	($71,162)	($40,761)

As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions was $3.5 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of which $2.8 million and $3.2 million, respectively, would decrease the Company’s income tax expense and effective income tax rate if the tax benefits were recognized. A reconciliation of the activity related to the liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits during fiscal 2022 and 2021 is as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021
Balances as of beginning of year	$4,072	$2,946
Increases related to current year tax positions	870	710
Increases related to prior year tax positions	—	839
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	(286)	—
Settlements	(522)	—
Lapses of statutes of limitations	(631)	(423)
Balances as of end of year	$3,503	$4,072

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8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company's assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis are set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy in the following tables (in thousands):


	As of October 31, 2022
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	Total
Assets:
Deferred compensation plan:
Corporate-owned life insurance	$—	$201,239	$—	$201,239
Money market fund	3,477	—	—	3,477
Total assets	$3,477	$201,239	$—	$204,716

Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$—	$—	$82,803	$82,803


	As of October 31, 2021
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	Total
Assets:
Deferred compensation plan:
Corporate-owned life insurance	$—	$245,580	$—	$245,580
Money market fund	4	—	—	4
Total assets	$4	$245,580	$—	$245,584

Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$—	$—	$62,286	$62,286

The Company maintains the HEICO Corporation Leadership Compensation Plan (the "LCP"), which is a non-qualified deferred compensation plan. The assets of the LCP principally represent cash surrender values of life insurance policies, which derive their fair values from investments in mutual funds that are managed by an insurance company, and are classified within Level 2 and valued using a market approach. Certain other assets of the LCP represent investments in money market funds that are classified within Level 1. The assets of the LCP are held within an irrevocable trust and classified within other assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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As part of the agreement to acquire 80.36% of the stock of a subsidiary by the ETG in fiscal 2022, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of up to $12.1 million in fiscal 2027 based on the earnings of the acquired entity during fiscal years 2025 and 2026 provided the entity meets a certain earnings objective during each of fiscal years 2024 to 2026. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $6.3 million.

As part of the agreement to acquire 96% of the stock of a subsidiary by the FSG in fiscal 2022, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of up to $27.4 million in fiscal 2027 based on the earnings of the acquired entity during fiscal years 2025 and 2026 provided the entity meets certain earnings objectives during each of fiscal years 2022 to 2024. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $12.7 million.

As part of the agreement to acquire 74% of the membership interests of a subsidiary by the FSG in fiscal 2022, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of $14.1 million in fiscal 2027 should the acquired entity meet a certain earnings objective during the five-year period following the acquisition. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $9.1 million.

As part of the agreement to acquire 89% of the membership interests of a subsidiary by the FSG in fiscal 2021, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of $8.9 million as early as in fiscal 2024 should the acquired entity meet a certain earnings objective during the three-year period following the acquisition. Additionally, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of up to $17.8 million as early as in fiscal 2026 should the acquired entity meet a certain earnings objective during the three-year period following the second anniversary of the acquisition. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $18.0 million.

As part of the agreement to acquire 89.99% of the equity interests of a subsidiary by the ETG in fiscal 2020, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of up to CAD $27.0 million, or $19.8 million, in fiscal 2025 should the acquired entity meet certain earnings objectives during fiscal 2023 and 2024. However, should the acquired entity achieve a certain earnings objective over any two consecutive fiscal years beginning in fiscal 2021 and ending in fiscal 2023, half of the contingent consideration obligation would be payable in the following year. The subsidiary achieved the required earnings objective during fiscal years 2021 and 2022 and half of the contingent consideration obligation, or CAD $13.5 million ($9.9 million), is payable in fiscal 2023. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the remaining half of the contingent consideration was CAD $10.7 million, or $7.8 million.

As part of the agreement to acquire a subsidiary by the ETG in fiscal 2020, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of up to $35.0 million in fiscal 2025 based on the earnings of the acquired entity during calendar years 2023 and 2024 provided the entity meets certain earnings objectives during each of calendar years 2021 to 2024. The subsidiary is currently experiencing lower demand for its defense products and is not expected to meet its

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calendar year 2022 earnings objective. Accordingly, the $13.3 million estimated fair value of contingent consideration as of October 31, 2021 was reversed, principally in the second half of fiscal 2022.

As part of the agreement to acquire a subsidiary by the ETG in fiscal 2017, the Company may be obligated to pay contingent consideration of $20.0 million in fiscal 2023 should the acquired entity meet a certain earnings objective during the first six years following the acquisition. As of October 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $18.9 million.

The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration arrangements described above are classified within Level 3 and were determined using probability-based scenario analyses. Under this method, a set of discrete potential future subsidiary earnings was determined using internal estimates based on various revenue growth rate assumptions for each scenario. A probability of likelihood was assigned to each discrete potential future earnings estimate and the resultant contingent consideration was calculated. The resulting probability-weighted contingent consideration amounts were discounted using a weighted average discount rate reflecting the credit risk of HEICO. Changes in either the revenue growth rates, related earnings or the discount rate could result in a material change to the amount of contingent consideration accrued and such changes will be recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

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The following unobservable inputs were used to derive the estimated fair value of the Company's Level 3 contingent consideration liabilities as of October 31, 2022 ($ in thousands):


		Unobservable		Weighted
Acquisition Date	Fair Value	Input	Range	Average (1)
9-1-2022	$6,308	Compound annual revenue growth rate	0% - 17%	14%
		Discount rate	8.5% - 8.5%	8.5%

7-18-2022	12,739	Compound annual revenue growth rate	0% - 5%	3%
		Discount rate	8.5% - 8.5%	8.5%

3-17-2022	9,127	Compound annual revenue growth rate	(3%) - 8%	3%
		Discount rate	7.4% - 7.4%	7.4%

8-4-2021	17,957	Compound annual revenue growth rate	3% - 10%	8%
		Discount rate	8.5% - 9.0%	8.6%

8-18-2020	17,723	Compound annual revenue growth rate	15% - 24%	22%
		Discount rate	9.0% - 9.0%	9.0%

9-15-2017	18,949	Compound annual revenue growth rate	0% - 5%	3%
		Discount rate	5.9% - 5.9%	5.9%

(1) Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the contingent consideration liability.

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Changes in the Company’s contingent consideration liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) during fiscal 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


			Liabilities
Balance as of October 31, 2020			$41,974
Contingent consideration related to acquisitions			18,334
Increase in accrued contingent consideration, net			1,246
Foreign currency transaction adjustments			732
Balance as of October 31, 2021			62,286
Contingent consideration related to acquisitions			29,732
Decrease in accrued contingent consideration, net			(7,631)
Foreign currency transaction adjustments			(1,264)
Payment of contingent consideration			(320)
Balance as of October 31, 2022			$82,803

Included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet under the following captions:
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities			$28,849
Other long-term liabilities			53,954
			$82,803

The Company records changes in accrued contingent consideration and foreign currency transaction adjustments within SG&A expenses in its Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value as of October 31, 2022 due to the relatively short maturity of the respective instruments. The carrying amount of long-term debt approximates fair value due to its variable interest rates.

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9. LEASES

HEICO’s lease ROU assets represent its right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and its lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. HEICO’s operating lease ROU assets are included within other assets and its operating lease liabilities are included within other long-term liabilities and accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. HEICO's finance lease ROU assets are included within property, plant and equipment, net and its finance lease liabilities are included within long-term debt, net of current maturities and current maturities of long-term debt within the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table presents the Company’s lease ROU assets and lease liabilities (in thousands):


	Operating Leases As of October 31,		Finance Leases As of October 31,

	2022	2021	2022	2021

Right-of-use assets	$89,752	$74,609	$15,786	$12,250

Current lease liabilities	$14,656	$13,874	$1,620	$1,481
Long-term lease liabilities	76,965	61,829	13,376	9,764
Total lease liabilities	$91,621	$75,703	$14,996	$11,245

The Company’s operating lease expenses are recorded within cost of sales and/or SG&A expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company's finance lease expenses consist of amortization of ROU assets and interest on lease liabilities, which are included within cost of sales and/or SG&A expenses, and interest expense, respectively, in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. Further, interest expense on finance leases is recognized using the effective interest method based on the discount rate determined at lease commencement. The following table presents the components of lease expense for fiscal 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

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	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021
Operating Leases:
Operating lease expense	$19,877	$18,103
Variable lease expense	3,552	3,165
Total operating lease expense (1)	$23,429	$21,268

Finance Leases:
Amortization on finance lease ROU assets	$1,540	$1,110
Interest on finance lease liabilities	578	453
Variable lease expense	319	750
Total finance lease expense	$2,437	$2,313

(1) Excludes short-term lease expense, which is not material.

The following table presents a maturity analysis of the Company's lease liabilities as of October 31, 2022 for the next five fiscal years and thereafter (in thousands):


	Operating Leases	Finance Leases
Year ending October 31,
2023	$18,925	$2,389
2024	17,549	2,283
2025	16,240	2,197
2026	12,941	2,177
2027	9,859	2,043
Thereafter	37,305	7,959
Total minimum lease payments	112,819	19,048
Less: imputed interest	(21,198)	(4,052)
Present value of minimum lease payments	$91,621	$14,996

The Company does not have any material leases that have been signed but have yet to commence as of October 31, 2022.

The following table presents the weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate of the Company’s leases:


	Operating Leases As of October 31,				Finance Leases As of October 31,

	2022		2021		2022		2021

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)	7.9		9.1		9.0		9.2
Weighted average discount rate	5.4	%	4.7	%	5.5	%	4.6	%

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The following table presents supplemental disclosures of cash flow information associated with the Company's leases for fiscal 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Operating Leases As of October 31,		Finance Leases As of October 31,

	2022	2021	2022	2021

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows	$19,323	$17,999	$578	$453
Financing cash flows	—	—	1,568	1,187
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities, net of terminations	31,865	31,351	5,373	2,861

10. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock and Class A Common Stock

The Company has two classes of common stock that are virtually identical in all economic respects except voting rights. Each share of Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class A Common Stock is entitled to a 1/10 vote per share. Holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to receive dividends and other distributions payable in cash, property, stock or otherwise, when and if declared by the Board of Directors. In the event of liquidation, after payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the remaining assets of the Company will be distributable ratably among the holders of both classes of common stock.

Share Repurchases

In 1990, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program, which allows the Company to repurchase shares of Company common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions at the Company's discretion, subject to certain restrictions included in the Company's revolving credit agreement. As of October 31, 2022, the maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under this program was 4,886,353 of either or both of the Company's Class A Common Stock and the Company's Common Stock. The repurchase program does not have a fixed termination date. During fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not repurchase any shares of Company common stock under this program.

During fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased an aggregate 104,867 shares and 87,593 shares of Class A Common Stock and Common Stock, respectively, at a total cost of $13.3 million and $12.7 million, respectively. During fiscal 2021, the Company repurchased an aggregate 32,355 shares of Class A Common Stock at a total cost of $3.8 million. During fiscal 2020, the Company repurchased an aggregate 127,851 shares of Class A Common Stock at a total cost of $12.1 million. The shares repurchased represent shares tendered as payments to satisfy employee withholding taxes due upon exercises of stock option awards. The shares

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repurchased in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 did not impact the number of shares authorized for future purchase under the Company’s share repurchase program and are reflected as redemptions of common stock related to stock option exercises in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Issuance of Common Stock for an Acquisition

In August 2022, the Company acquired 100% of the stock of Sensor. The purchase price of this acquisition was paid for with a proportional combination of cash using proceeds from the Company's revolving credit facility and 576,338 shares of HEICO Class A Common Stock. The shares of Class A Common Stock issued in connection with this acquisition were registered for resale pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 declared effective on August 31, 2022. See Note 2, Acquisitions, for additional information.

11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company currently has one stock option plan, the HEICO Corporation 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan ("2018 Plan"), which enables the Company to grant various forms of share-based compensation awards including stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock awards and stock appreciation rights. The 2018 Plan became effective in fiscal 2018 and replaced the Company's 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan (“2012 Plan”). Options outstanding under the Company's 2012 Plan and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan may be exercised pursuant to their terms. The total number of shares approved by the shareholders of the Company for the 2018 Plan is 5.0 million plus any options outstanding under the 2012 Plan as of the 2018 Plan's effective date that are subsequently forfeited or expire. A total of approximately 6.9 million shares of the Company's common stock are reserved for issuance to employees, directors, officers and consultants as of October 31, 2022, including 3.6 million shares currently under option and 3.3 million shares available for future grants.

Stock options granted pursuant to the 2018 Plan may be designated as Common Stock and/or Class A Common Stock in such proportions as shall be determined by the Board of Directors or the Stock Option Plan Committee at its sole discretion. The exercise price per share of a stock option granted under the 2018 Plan may not be less than the fair market value of the designated class of Company common stock as of the date of grant and stock option grants vest ratably over a period specified as of the date of grant (generally five years) and expire ten years after the date of grant. Options issued under the 2018 Plan may be designated as incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options, but only employees are eligible to receive incentive stock options and no incentive stock options were outstanding as of October 31, 2022. The 2018 Plan will terminate no later than the tenth anniversary of its effective date.

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Information concerning share-based activity for each of the last three fiscal years ended October 31 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


		Shares Under Option
	Shares Available For Grant	Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding as of October 31, 2019	4,085	4,692	$33.73
Granted	(29)	29	$97.00
Exercised	—	(720)	$19.32
Cancelled	8	(8)	$55.61
Outstanding as of October 31, 2020	4,064	3,993	$36.75
Granted	(699)	699	$125.57
Exercised	—	(342)	$21.88
Cancelled	9	(9)	$64.78
Outstanding as of October 31, 2021	3,374	4,341	$52.16
Granted	(56)	56	$120.76
Exercised	—	(762)	$22.40
Cancelled	6	(6)	$67.98
Outstanding as of October 31, 2022	3,324	3,629	$59.44

Information concerning stock options outstanding (all of which are vested or expected to vest) and stock options exercisable by class of common stock as of October 31, 2022 is as follows (in thousands, except per share and contractual life data):


	Options Outstanding
	Number Outstanding	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common Stock	1,546	$55.51	4.5	$165,640
Class A Common Stock	2,083	$62.36	5.5	135,292
	3,629	$59.44	5.1	$300,932


	Options Exercisable
	Number Exercisable	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common Stock	1,252	$40.86	3.7	$152,481
Class A Common Stock	1,457	$44.95	4.4	119,999
	2,709	$43.06	4.1	$272,480

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Information concerning stock options exercised is as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Cash proceeds from stock option exercises	$2,352	$5,344	$6,955
Tax benefit realized from stock option exercises	17,752	14,186	48,326
Intrinsic value of stock option exercises	86,015	33,428	53,384

Net income from consolidated operations for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 includes compensation expense of $12.6 million, $9.1 million and $10.1 million, respectively, and an income tax benefit of $1.7 million, $1.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively, related to the Company’s stock options. Substantially all of the stock option compensation expense was recorded as a component of SG&A expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of October 31, 2022, there was $29.6 million of pre-tax unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.5 years. The total fair value of stock options that vested in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $14.3 million, $9.4 million and $10.5 million, respectively. If there were a change in control of the Company, all of the unvested options outstanding as of October 31, 2022 would become immediately exercisable.

The fair value of each stock option grant in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following weighted average assumptions:



	2022		2021				2020
	Class A Common Stock		Common Stock		Class A Common Stock		Class A Common Stock
Expected stock price volatility	32.61	%	30.17	%	32.65	%	24.94	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.72	%	1.40	%	1.09	%	1.72	%
Dividend yield	.18	%	.17	%	.19	%	.21	%
Forfeiture rate	.00	%	.00	%	.00	%	.00	%
Expected option life (years)	6		9		6		6
Weighted average fair value	$41.00		$51.16		$39.00		$26.86

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12. EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT PLANS

The HEICO Savings and Investment Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) is a qualified defined contribution retirement plan under which eligible employees of the Company and its participating subsidiaries may make Elective Deferral Contributions up to the limitations set forth in Section 402(g) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company generally makes a 50% Employer Matching Contribution, as determined by the Board of Directors, based on a participant’s Elective Deferral Contribution up to 6% of the participant’s Compensation for the Elective Deferral Contribution period. The 401(k) Plan also provides that the Company may make additional Employer Contributions. Employer Contributions may be contributed in the form of the Company’s common stock or cash, as determined by the Company. Employer Contributions awarded in the form of Company common stock are valued based on the fair value of the underlying shares as of the effective date of contribution. Employer Contributions may be diversified by a participant into any of the participant-directed investment options of the 401(k) Plan; however, Employee Contributions may not be invested in Company common stock. Unless specified otherwise, all capitalized terms herein are defined in the 401(k) Plan document.

Participants receive 100% vesting in Employee Contributions and on cash dividends received on Company common stock. Vesting in Employer Contributions is based on a participant’s number of Years of Service. Employer Contributions to the 401(k) Plan charged to income in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 totaled $12.2 million, $10.1 million and $9.6 million, respectively, and were made through the issuance of new shares of Company common stock and the use of forfeited shares within the 401(k) Plan.

Information concerning share-based activity pertaining to the 401(k) Plan for each of the last three fiscal years ended October 31 is as follows (in thousands):


	Common Stock	Class A Common Stock
Shares available for issuance as of October 31, 2019	280	280
Issuance of common stock to the 401(k) Plan	(52)	(52)
Shares available for issuance as of October 31, 2020	228	228
Issuance of common stock to the 401(k) Plan	(40)	(40)
Shares available for issuance as of October 31, 2021	188	188
Issuance of common stock to the 401(k) Plan	(43)	(43)
Shares available for issuance as of October 31, 2022	145	145

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13. REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

The holders of equity interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have rights (“Put Rights”) that may be exercised on varying dates causing the Company to purchase their equity interests through fiscal 2032. The Put Rights, all of which relate either to common shares or membership interests in limited liability companies, provide that the cash consideration to be paid for their equity interests (the “Redemption Amount”) be at fair value or at a formula that management intended to reasonably approximate fair value based solely on a multiple of future earnings over a measurement period. The Redemption Amounts were determined using probability-adjusted internal estimates of future subsidiary earnings while considering the earliest exercise date, the measurement period and any applicable fair value adjustments. Management's estimate of the aggregate Redemption Amount of all Put Rights that the Company could be required to pay is as follows (in thousands):


	As of October 31,
	2022	2021
Redeemable at fair value	$300,693	$217,416
Redeemable based on a multiple of future earnings	26,908	35,171
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	$327,601	$252,587

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A summary of the Put Rights associated with the redeemable noncontrolling interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries as of October 31, 2022 is as follows:


Subsidiary Acquisition Year	Operating Segment	Company Ownership Interest	Earliest Put Right Year	Purchase Period (Years)
2005	ETG	95.9%	2023 (1)	1 (3)
2006	FSG	80.1%	2023 (1)	4
2008	FSG	90.0%	2024	4
2009	ETG	82.5%	2023 (1)	1
2012	FSG	84.0%	2023 (1)	4
2012	FSG	80.1%	2027	4 (4)
2015	FSG	82.0%	2023 (1)	3 (5)
2015	FSG	80.1%	2023 (1)	4
2015	FSG	80.1%	2023 (2)	4
2015	ETG	80.1%	2023 (1)	2
2017	FSG	90.1%	2024 (2)	1
2018	ETG	85.0%	2023 (1)	1
2018	FSG	90.0%	2027	4
2019	ETG	92.7%	2023	4
2019	ETG	85.0%	2024	4
2019	FSG	80.1%	2026	4
2019	ETG	75.0%	2024	4 (6)
2020	ETG	80.1%	2025	4
2020	FSG	70.0%	2027	4
2020	ETG	75.0%	2024	4 (4)
2020	ETG	90.0%	2025	4
2021	FSG	80.1%	2026	4
2021	FSG	89.0%	2028	4
2021	ETG	80.1%	2024	3 (7)
2022	FSG	74.0%	2029	4
2022	FSG	96.0%	2029	4
2022	ETG	80.4%	2027	4

(1) Currently puttable.

(2) Put Right previously exercised.

(3) The Put Right for a 2.6% noncontrolling interest is to be purchased in a lump sum and the Put Right for the remaining 1.5% interest is to be purchased over a four-year period.

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(4) The Put Rights for a 14.9% noncontrolling interest and the remaining 5.0% interest may be exercised beginning in fiscal 2027 and 2029, respectively, with each purchase over a four-year period.

(5) The Put Right for a 15% noncontrolling interest may be exercised in 5% increments annually and the first increment is currently puttable. The Put Right for the remaining 3% noncontrolling interest may be exercised in one-fifth increments beginning in fiscal 2028.

(6) The exercise of the Put Right for either entity will automatically trigger a Put Right exercise for the other entity.

(7) The Put Rights for an aggregate 13.5% noncontrolling interest may be exercised beginning in fiscal 2024 with the purchase over a three-year period. The Put Right for the remaining 6.4% noncontrolling interest may be exercised beginning in fiscal 2028 with the purchase over a four-year period.

The estimated aggregate Redemption Amount of the Put Rights that are currently puttable, previously put, or becoming puttable during fiscal 2023 is approximately $103.2 million, of which approximately $56.3 million would be payable in fiscal 2023 should all of the eligible associated noncontrolling interest holders elect to exercise their Put Rights during fiscal 2023. Additionally, the Company has call rights to purchase the equity interests of the noncontrolling holders over the same purchase period as the Put Rights.

During fiscal 2022, the holder of a 19.9% noncontrolling equity interest in a subsidiary of the FSG that was acquired in fiscal 2015 exercised their option to cause the Company to purchase their interests over a four-year period ending in fiscal 2026.

During fiscal 2022, the holder of a 19.9% noncontrolling equity interest in a subsidiary of the FSG that was acquired in fiscal 2017 exercised their option to cause the Company to purchase one-half of the noncontrolling interest in fiscal 2022 and the remaining one-half in fiscal 2024. Accordingly, the Company acquired an additional 9.95% equity interest in May 2022, which increased the Company's ownership interest in the subsidiary to 90.05%.

During fiscal 2022, the Company sold a 3% equity interest in a subsidiary of the FSG that was acquired in fiscal 2015, which decreased the Company's ownership interest in the subsidiary to 82%. As part of the operating agreement, the noncontrolling interest holder has the right to cause the Company to purchase one-fifth of its equity interest beginning in fiscal 2028, or sooner under certain conditions, and each remaining one-fifth equity interest following the first anniversary of the most recent put option exercise. The Company has the right to purchase the same equity interest over the same period. During fiscal 2020, the holder of a then 20% noncontrolling interest in the subsidiary exercised their option to cause the Company to purchase one-fourth of their interest in May 2020.

During fiscal 2022, the Company sold 10% of the membership interests of a subsidiary of the FSG that was acquired in fiscal 2018, which decreased the Company's ownership interest in the subsidiary to 90%. As part of the operating agreement, the noncontrolling interest holder has the right to cause the Company to purchase its membership interest over a four-year period beginning in fiscal 2027, or sooner under certain conditions, and the Company has the right to purchase the same membership interest over the same period.

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During fiscal 2020, the holder of a 17.7% noncontrolling equity interest in a subsidiary of the FSG that was acquired in fiscal 2008 exercised their option to cause the Company to purchase a portion of their noncontrolling interest over a two-year period ending in fiscal 2021. In June 2020, the Company acquired half of such interest, which increased the Company's ownership in the subsidiary to 86.2%. In May 2021, the Company acquired the second half of such interest, which increased the Company's ownership interest in the subsidiary to 90%.

In May 2020, the Company obtained control of the 22% noncontrolling equity interest in a subsidiary of the ETG that was acquired in fiscal 2012, which increased the Company's ownership interest in the subsidiary to 100%.

The $8.7 million, $2.3 million and $7.5 million aggregate Redemption Amounts for the redeemable noncontrolling interests acquired in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, were paid using cash provided by operating activities.

14. NET INCOME PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO HEICO SHAREHOLDERS

The computation of basic and diluted net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Numerator:
Net income attributable to HEICO	$351,675	$304,220	$313,984

Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	136,010	135,326	134,754
Effect of dilutive stock options	2,027	2,528	2,548
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted	138,037	137,854	137,302

Net income per share attributable to HEICO shareholders:
Basic	$2.59	$2.25	$2.33
Diluted	$2.55	$2.21	$2.29

Anti-dilutive stock options excluded	749	185	258

15. OPERATING SEGMENTS

The Company has two operating segments: the Flight Support Group (“FSG”), consisting of HEICO Aerospace and HFSC and their collective subsidiaries; and the Electronic Technologies Group (“ETG”), consisting of HEICO Electronic and its subsidiaries. The Company's operating segment reporting structure is consistent with how management reviews

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the business, makes investing and resource decisions and assesses operating performance. Additionally, characteristics such as similarity of products, customers, economic characteristics and various other factors are considered when identifying the Company's operating segments.

The FSG designs and manufactures jet engine and aircraft component replacement parts, which are approved by the FAA. In addition, the FSG repairs, overhauls and distributes jet engine and aircraft components, avionics and instruments for domestic and foreign commercial air carriers and aircraft repair companies as well as military and business aircraft operators. The FSG also manufactures and sells specialty parts as a subcontractor for aerospace and industrial original equipment manufacturers and the U.S government. Additionally, the FSG is a leading supplier, distributor, and integrator of military aircraft parts and support services primarily to the U.S. Department of Defense, defense prime contractors, and foreign military organizations allied with the U.S. Further, the FSG is a leading manufacturer of advanced niche components and complex composite assemblies for commercial aviation, defense and space applications. The FSG also engineers, designs and manufactures thermal insulation blankets and parts as well as removable/reusable insulation systems for aerospace, defense, commercial and industrial applications; manufactures expanded foil mesh for lightning strike protection in fixed and rotary wing aircraft; distributes aviation electrical interconnect products and electromechanical parts; overhauls industrial pumps, motors, and other hydraulic units with a focus on the support of legacy systems for the U.S. Navy; and performs tight-tolerance machining, brazing, fabricating and welding services for aerospace, defense and other industrial applications.

The ETG collectively designs, manufactures and sells various types of electronic, data and microwave, and electro-optical products, including infrared simulation and test equipment, laser rangefinder receivers, electrical power supplies, back-up power supplies, power conversion products, underwater locator beacons, emergency locator transmission beacons, flight deck annunciators, panels and indicators, electromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding and filters, high power capacitor charging power supplies, amplifiers, traveling wave tube amplifiers, photodetectors, amplifier modules, microwave power modules, flash lamp drivers, laser diode drivers, arc lamp power supplies, custom power supply designs, cable assemblies, high voltage power supplies, high voltage interconnection devices and wire, high voltage energy generators, high frequency power delivery systems; memory products, including three-dimensional microelectronic and stacked memory, static random-access memory (SRAM) and electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM); harsh environment electronic connectors and other interconnect products, RF and microwave amplifiers, transmitters, and receivers and integrated assemblies, sub-assemblies and components; RF sources, detectors and controllers, wireless cabin control systems, solid state power distribution and management systems, crashworthy and ballistically self-sealing auxiliary fuel systems, nuclear radiation detectors, communications and electronic intercept receivers and tuners, fuel level sensing systems, high-speed interface products that link devices, high performance active antenna systems and airborne antennas for commercial and military aircraft, precision guided munitions, other defense applications and commercial uses; silicone material for a variety of demanding applications; precision power analog monolithic, hybrid and open frame components; high-reliability ceramic-to-metal feedthroughs and connectors, technical surveillance countermeasures (TSCM) equipment to detect devices used for espionage and information theft;

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rugged small-form factor embedded computing solutions; custom high power filters and filter assemblies; test sockets and adapters for both engineering and production use of semiconductor devices; and radiation assurance services and products.

The Company’s reportable operating segments offer distinctive products and services that are marketed through different channels. They are managed separately because of their unique technology and service requirements.

Segment Profit or Loss

The accounting policies of the Company’s operating segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Management evaluates segment performance based on segment operating income.

Information on the Company’s two operating segments, the FSG and the ETG, for each of the last three fiscal years ended October 31 is as follows (in thousands):


	Segment		Other, Primarily Corporate and Intersegment (1)	Consolidated Totals
	FSG	ETG
Year ended October 31, 2022:
Net sales	$1,255,212	$972,475	($19,365)	$2,208,322
Depreciation	15,656	13,602	999	30,257
Amortization	24,268	40,690	1,118	66,076
Operating income	267,167	269,473	(39,796)	496,844
Capital expenditures	15,588	15,530	864	31,982

Year ended October 31, 2021:
Net sales	$927,089	$959,170	($20,577)	$1,865,682
Depreciation	13,992	12,839	973	27,804
Amortization	20,648	43,431	1,136	65,215
Operating income	151,930	277,306	(36,336)	392,900
Capital expenditures	8,915	26,496	772	36,183

Year ended October 31, 2020:
Net sales	$924,812	$874,987	($12,790)	$1,787,009
Depreciation	14,339	11,722	1,006	27,067
Amortization	19,957	40,553	984	61,494
Operating income	143,051	258,814	(25,217)	376,648
Capital expenditures	10,843	12,025	72	22,940

(1) Intersegment activity principally consists of net sales from the ETG to the FSG.

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Total assets by operating segment are as follows (in thousands):


			Other, Primarily Corporate	Consolidated Totals
	Segment
As of October 31,	FSG	ETG
2022	$1,635,229	$2,230,744	$229,523	4,095,496
2021	$1,274,462	$1,952,413	$271,532	3,498,407

Major Customer and Geographic Information

The Company markets its products and services in approximately 125 countries. The following table summarizes the Company’s net sales to customers located in the United States and to those in other countries for each of the last three fiscal years ended October 31 (in thousands). Net sales are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. Net sales to any one customer or originating from any one foreign country did not account for 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated net sales during any of the last three fiscal years. The following table also summarizes the Company’s long-lived assets held within and outside of the United States as of October 31 for each of the last three fiscal years (in thousands). Long-lived assets consist of net property, plant and equipment.


	2022	2021	2020
Net sales:
United States of America	$1,443,581	$1,194,869	$1,193,497
Other countries	764,741	670,813	593,512
Total net sales	$2,208,322	$1,865,682	$1,787,009

Long-lived assets:
United States of America	$190,148	$155,537	$139,197
Other countries	35,731	38,101	29,651
Total long-lived assets	$225,879	$193,638	$168,848

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Guarantees

As of October 31, 2022, the Company has arranged for standby letters of credit aggregating $23.5 million, which are supported by its revolving credit facility and principally pertain to performance guarantees related to customer contracts entered into by certain of the Company's subsidiaries as well as payment guarantees related to potential workers' compensation claims and a facility lease.

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Product Warranty

Changes in the Company’s product warranty liability in fiscal 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021
Balances as of beginning of year	$3,379	$3,015
Accruals for warranties	2,026	1,979
Acquired warranty liabilities	242	62
Warranty claims settled	(2,351)	(1,677)
Balances as of end of year	$3,296	$3,379

Litigation

On April 20, 2021, an indirect subsidiary of HFSC, which was acquired in June 2020, received a grand jury subpoena from the United States District Court for the Southern District of California requiring the production of documents for the time period December 1, 2017 through February 4, 2019 related to the subsidiary's employment of a certain individual and its performance of work on certain Navy vessels during that time period. The Company is cooperating with the investigation. The Company has completed its production of documents responsive to the subpoena, although the Company has a continuing obligation to produce such documents should any be located. At this early stage in the investigation, the Company cannot predict the outcome of the investigation or when the investigation will ultimately be resolved; nor can the Company reasonably estimate the possible range of loss or impact to its business, if any, that may result from this matter.

With the exception of the matter noted above, the Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. Based upon the Company’s and its legal counsel’s evaluations of any claims or assessments, management is of the opinion that the outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

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17. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The following table presents supplemental disclosures of cash flow information and non-cash investing activities for fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Cash paid for income taxes	$80,995	$67,661	$42,552
Cash received from income tax refunds	(2,522)	(993)	(1,371)
Cash paid for interest	6,037	7,355	13,418
Contingent consideration	29,412	18,334	23,719
Additional purchase consideration	4,000	292	144
Issuance of common stock for an acquisition	(75,005)	—	—

See Note 9, Leases, for additional information regarding supplemental disclosures of cash flow information.

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Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this annual report.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of HEICO Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management, under the supervision of and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on its assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective as of October 31, 2022.

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As permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, companies are allowed to exclude acquisitions from their assessment of internal control over financial reporting during the first year of an acquisition and management elected to exclude TRAD Tests & Radiations SAS, Ironwood Electronics, Inc., Sensor Systems, Inc., Charter Engineering, Inc., Accurate Metal Machining, Inc., Pioneer Industries, LLC, and Flight Microwave Corporation (collectively, the "Excluded Acquisitions") from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2022. See Note 2, Acquisitions, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. The aggregate assets and net sales of the Excluded Acquisitions constituted 13.6% and 3.3% of the Company's consolidated total assets and net sales as of and for the year ended October 31, 2022, respectively.

Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2022. A copy of their report is included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Deloitte & Touche LLP has issued their attestation report on management’s internal control over financial reporting, which is set forth below.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended October 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

As described in Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, the Company made several acquisitions during fiscal 2022 and is in the process of integrating each one into its overall internal control over financial reporting process.

Attestation Report of the Company's Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

HEICO Corporation

Hollywood, Florida

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of HEICO Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of October 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

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We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended October 31, 2022, of the Company and our report dated December 21, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule.

As described in Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at TRAD Tests & Radiations SAS, Ironwood Electronics, Inc., Sensor Systems, Inc., Charter Engineering, Inc., Accurate Metal Machining, Inc., Pioneer Industries, LLC, and Flight Microwave Corporation (collectively, the "Excluded Acquisitions") which were acquired during the year ended October 31, 2022, and whose financial statements constitute 13.6% of total assets and 3.3% of net sales of the Company's consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended October 31, 2022, respectively. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting of the Excluded Acquisitions.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in

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accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Miami, Florida

December 21, 2022

Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

Item 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

PART III

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information concerning the members of the Board of Directors of the Company, including the Finance/Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, the independence of its members and the "audit committee financial expert" as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("Commission"), as well as information concerning other corporate governance matters and compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of fiscal 2022.

Information concerning the Executive Officers of the Company is set forth in Item 1 of Part I hereof under the caption “Information About Our Executive Officers.”

The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller and persons performing similar functions. The code of ethics is located on the Company’s Internet website at http://

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www.heico.com. Any amendments to or waivers from a provision of this code of ethics will be posted on the Company’s website.

Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information concerning executive compensation required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of fiscal 2022.

Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information concerning security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of fiscal 2022.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table summarizes information about our equity compensation plans as of October 31, 2022 (in thousands, except per share data):


Plan Category	Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (a)	Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (b)	Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)) (c) (2)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1)	3,629	$59.44	3,324
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders	—	—	—
Total	3,629	$59.44	3,324

__________________

(1)Represents aggregated information pertaining to our three equity compensation plans: the HEICO Corporation 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan, the 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan and the Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. See Note 11, Share-Based Compensation, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding these plans.

(2)Shares are available for future grant in column (c) solely under the HEICO Corporation 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan, under a formula that counts one share against the available share reserve for each one share subject to a stock option or stock appreciation right, and counts 2.5 shares against the available share reserve for each one share subject to a restricted stock award, a restricted stock unit award, a free-standing dividend equivalent award, or any other stock-based award or a performance award denominated in shares. Additionally, the remaining number of securities available for future issuance may be designated as Common Stock and/or Class A Common Stock in such proportions as shall be determined by the Board of Directors or the Stock Option Plan Committee at its sole discretion.

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Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information concerning certain relationships and related transactions and director independence required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of fiscal 2022.

Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information concerning fees and services by the principal accountant required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the close of fiscal 2022.

PART IV

Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements

The following consolidated financial statements of the Company and subsidiaries and report of independent registered public accounting firm are included in Part II, Item 8:


			Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			48
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 202 2 and 202 1			51
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020			52
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020			53
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020			54
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020			56
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			57

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

The following financial statement schedule of the Company and subsidiaries is included herein:


Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts			116

All other schedules have been omitted because the required information is not applicable or the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto presented in Part II, Item 8.

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(a)(3) Exhibits


Exhibit		Description

2.1	—	Amended and Restated Agreement of Merger and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of March 22, 1993, by and among HEICO Corporation, HEICO Industries, Corp. and New HEICO, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 33-57624) Amendment No. 1 filed on March 19, 1993. *

3.1	—	Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 33-57624) Amendment No. 1 filed on March 19, 1993. *

3.2	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated April 27, 1993, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-B dated April 29, 1993. *

3.3	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated November 3, 1993, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 1993. *

3.4	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated March 19, 1998, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-48439) filed on March 23, 1998. *

3.5	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated as of November 2, 2003, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2003. *

3.6	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated March 26, 2012, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2012. *

3.7	—	Articles of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, dated March 16, 2018, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2018. *

3.8	—	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, effective as of September 22, 2014, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed on September 25, 2014. *

4.1	—	Description of HEICO Corporation Capital Stock is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2019. *

10.1#	—	HEICO Savings and Investment Plan, as amended and restated effective as of March 30 , 20 22 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended April 30 , 20 22 . *

10.2#	—	Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Directors, Officers and Employees is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 1985. *

10.3#	—	HEICO Corporation 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2012. *

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Exhibit		Description


10.4#	—	HEICO Corporation 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2018. *

10.5#	—	HEICO Corporation Directors’ Retirement Plan, as amended, dated as of May 31, 1991, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 1992. *

10.6#	—	HEICO Corporation Leadership Compensation Plan, effective October 1, 2006, as Re-Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2016. *

10.7#	—	First Amendment to the HEICO Leadership Compensation Plan, as Re-Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2017 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on March 24, 2021. *

10.8#	—	Employment Agreement and Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, effective June 1, 2012, by and between HEICO Corporation and Carlos Macau is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on June 1, 2012. *

10.9	—	Shareholders Agreement, dated October 30, 1997, by and between HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp., HEICO Aerospace Corporation and all of the shareholders of HEICO Aerospace Holdings Corp. and Lufthansa Technik AG is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Form 10-K/A for the year ended October 31, 1997. *

10.10	—	Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of November 6, 2017, among HEICO Corporation, as Borrower, the Lenders from time to time party hereto, SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent, L/C Issuer and Swingline Lender; Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Bank of America, N.A., as Co-Syndication Agents; and PNC Bank, National Association, Branch Banking and Trust Company, Capital One, National Association, Fifth Third Bank, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., TD Bank N.A. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Co-Documentation Agents, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on November 8, 2017. *

10.11	—	First Amendment to Revolving Credit Agreement, effective as of December 11, 2020, among HEICO Corporation, as Borrower, the Lenders from time to time party thereto and Truist Bank (as successor by merger to SunTrust Bank), as Administrative Agent is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on December 14, 2020. *

10.12	—	Second Amendment to Revolving Credit Agreement, effective as of April 7, 2022, among HEICO Corporation, as Borrower, the Lenders from time to time party thereto and Truist Bank (as successor by merger to SunTrust Bank), as Administrative Agent is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on April 14, 2022. *

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Exhibit		Description

10.13	—	Stock Purchase Agreement Between and Among HEICO Electronic Technologies Corp., AeroAntenna Technology, Inc., Yosef (Joseph) Klein, Carmela Klein, Carmela Klein, Trustee of the Carmela Klein Exempt Trust under the Yosef Klein 2008 Irrevocable Delaware Trust, dated September 5, 2008 and Yosef Klein, Trustee of the Carmela Klein 2010 Irrevocable Delaware Trust, dated April 1, 2010; dated as of August 17, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended July 31, 2017. *

10.14	—	Put Option Agreement, dated July 26, 2022, by and among HEICO Electronic Technologies Corp., EGEE International 2 SA, Faraday Management 1, Faraday Management 2 and Mr. Paul Maisonner, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on July 29, 2022. *

10.15	—	Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 5, 2022, by and between HEICO Electronic Technologies Corporation, HEICO Corporation on the one hand and the Sellers Identified Herein on the other hand, with respect to Exxelia International, Faraday Management 1 and Faraday Management 2 , is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed on August 9, 2022. *

21	—	Subsidiaries of HEICO Corporation. **

23	—	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. **

31.1	—	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer. **

31.2	—	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer. **

32.1	—	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer. ***

32.2	—	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer. ***

101.INS	—	Inline XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document. **

101.SCH	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. **

101.CAL	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. **

101.DEF	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. **

101.LAB	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document. **

101.PRE	—	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. **

104	—	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). **

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#			Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit.
*			Previously filed.
**			Filed herewith.
***			Furnished herewith.

Item 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None

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HEICO CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE II – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):
Allowance as of beginning of year	$10,874	$12,738	$3,666
(Deductions) additions charged to costs and expenses (a)	(1,070)	(1,720)	9,834
Additions charged (credited) to other accounts (b)	476	360	128
Deductions (c)	(1,947)	(504)	(890)
Allowance as of end of year	$8,333	$10,874	$12,738

(a)Additions charged to costs and expenses were higher in fiscal 2020 as compared to fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022 principally due to potential collection difficulties from certain commercial aviation customers that filed for bankruptcy protection in fiscal 2020 as a result of the financial impact from the COVID-19 global pandemic (the "Pandemic").

(b)Principally additions from acquisitions and foreign currency translation adjustments.

(c)Principally write-offs of uncollectible accounts receivables.


	Year ended October 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Inventory valuation reserves (in thousands):
Reserves as of beginning of year	$142,593	$126,933	$103,821
Additions charged to costs and expenses (a)	13,980	17,202	27,030
Additions (deductions) charged to other accounts (b)	275	1,261	(63)
Deductions (c)	(1,853)	(2,803)	(3,855)
Reserves as of end of year	$154,995	$142,593	$126,933

(a)Additions charged to costs and expenses were higher in fiscal 2020 as compared to fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022 principally due to the significant decline in global commercial air travel due to the Pandemic resulting in lower demand for the Company's commercial aviation products and services and certain specific obsolescence reserves following the announced retirement of certain aircraft types and engine platforms by major U.S. carriers.

(b)Principally additions from acquisitions and foreign currency translation adjustments.

(c)Principally write-offs of slow-moving, obsolete or damaged inventory.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		HEICO CORPORATION

Date:	December 21, 2022	By:	/s/ CARLOS L. MACAU, JR.
			Carlos L. Macau, Jr. Executive Vice President - Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

		By:	/s/ STEVEN M. WALKER
			Steven M. Walker Chief Accounting Officer and Assistant Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name

Position(s)

Date

/s/ LAURANS A. MENDELSON

Chairman of the Board; Chief Executive Officer; and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

December 21, 2022

Laurans A. Mendelson

/s/ THOMAS M. CULLIGAN

Director

December 21, 2022

Thomas M. Culligan

/s/ ADOLFO HENRIQUES

Director

December 21, 2022

Adolfo Henriques

/s/ MARK H. HILDEBRANDT

Director

December 21, 2022

Mark H. Hildebrandt

/s/ ERIC A. MENDELSON

Co-President and Director

December 21, 2022

Eric A. Mendelson

/s/ VICTOR H. MENDELSON

Co-President and Director

December 21, 2022

Victor H. Mendelson

/s/ JULIE NEITZEL

Director

December 21, 2022

Julie Neitzel

/s/ ALAN SCHRIESHEIM

Director

December 21, 2022

Alan Schriesheim

/s/ FRANK J. SCHWITTER

Director

December 21, 2022

Frank J. Schwitter

117