HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP - Quarter Report: 2022 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION


	Washington, D.C. 20549

	FORM 10-Q


(MARK ONE)
☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to

Commission file number 000-23877

Heritage Commerce Corp

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

California (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	77-0469558 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
224 Airport Parkway, San Jose, California (Address of Principal Executive Offices)	95110 (Zip Code)

(408) 947-6900

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class:	Trading Symbol:	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, No Par Value	HTBK	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
			Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

The Registrant had 60,718,994 shares of Common Stock outstanding on October 31, 2022.

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements		3

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	5

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	5

	Consolidated Statements of Income	6

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	7

	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	8

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	10

	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	11

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	43

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	74

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	74

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	75

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	75

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	75

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	75

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	75

Item 5.	Other Information	75

Item 6.	Exhibits	76

SIGNATURES		77

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Report on Form 10-Q contains various statements that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, Rule 3b-6 promulgated thereunder and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. These forward-looking statements often can be, but are not always, identified by the use of words such as “assume,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “could,” “goal,” “potential” and similar expressions. We base these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events, our assumptions regarding these events and our knowledge of facts at the time the statements are made. These statements include statements relating to our projected growth, anticipated future financial performance, and management’s long-term performance goals, as well as statements relating to the anticipated effects on results of operations and financial condition.

These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control and our actual results could differ materially from our projected results. Risks and uncertainties that could cause our financial performance to differ materially from our goals, plans, expectations and projections expressed in forward-looking statements include those set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), Item 1A of the Heritage Commerce Corp’s (“the Company”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and including, but not limited to the following:

●

geopolitical and domestic political developments that can increase levels of political and economic unpredictability, contribute to rising energy and commodity prices, and increase the volatility of financial markets;

●

current and future economic and market conditions in the United States generally or in the communities we serve, including the effects of declines in property values and overall slowdowns in economic growth should these events occur;

●

effects of and changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Board;

●

inflationary pressures and changes in the interest rate environment that reduce our margins and yields, the fair value of financial instruments or our level of loan originations, or increase the level of defaults, losses and prepayments on loans we have made and make;

●

changes in the level of nonperforming assets and charge offs and other credit quality measures, and their impact on the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses and our provision for credit losses;

●

volatility in credit and equity markets and its effect on the global economy;

●

conditions relating to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future, our customers, employees, businesses, liquidity, financial results and overall condition including severity and duration of the associated uncertainties in U.S. and global markets;

●

our ability to effectively compete with other banks and financial services companies and the effects of competition in the financial services industry on our business;

●

our ability to achieve loan growth and attract deposits in our market area, the impact of the cost of deposits and our ability to retain deposits;

●

risks associated with concentrations in real estate related loans;

●

the relative strength or weakness of the commercial and real estate markets where our borrowers are located, including related asset and market prices;

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●

credit related impairment charges to our securities portfolio;

●

increased capital requirements for our continual growth or as imposed by banking regulators, which may require us to raise capital at a time when capital is not available on favorable terms or at all;

●

regulatory limits on Heritage Bank of Commerce’s ability to pay dividends to the Company;

●

operational issues stemming from, and/or capital spending necessitated by, the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems, on which we are highly dependent;

●

our inability to attract, recruit, and retain qualified officers and other personnel could harm our ability to implement our strategic plan, impair our relationships with customers and adversely affect our business, results of operations and growth prospects;

●

possible adjustment of the valuation of our deferred tax assets;

●

our ability to keep pace with technological changes, including our ability to identify and address cyber-security risks such as data security breaches, “denial of service” attacks, “hacking” and identity theft;

●

inability of our framework to manage risks associated with our business, including operational risk and credit risk;

●

risks of loss of funding of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) or SBA loan programs, or changes in those programs;

●

compliance with applicable laws and governmental and regulatory requirements, including the Dodd-Frank Act and others relating to banking, consumer protection, securities, accounting and tax matters;

●

effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters;

●

the expense and uncertain resolution of litigation matters whether occurring in the ordinary course of business or otherwise;

●

availability of and competition for acquisition opportunities;

●

risks resulting from domestic terrorism;

●

risks resulting from social unrest and protests;

●

risks of natural disasters (including earthquakes, fires, and flooding) and other events beyond our control;

●

our success in managing the risks involved in the foregoing factors.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Company does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should consider any forward looking statements in light of this explanation, and we caution you about relying on forward-looking statements.

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Part I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1—CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	40,500	$	15,703
Other investments and interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions		641,251		1,290,513
Total cash and cash equivalents		681,751		1,306,216
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value		478,534		102,252
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses of $15 at September 30, 2022
and $43 at December 31, 2021 (fair value of $593,610 at September 30, 2022 and $657,649 at December 31, 2021)		703,794		658,397
Loans held-for-sale - SBA, at lower of cost or fair value, including deferred costs		2,081		2,367
Loans, net of deferred fees		3,216,473		3,087,326
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(46,921)		(43,290)
Loans, net		3,169,552		3,044,036
Federal Home Loan Bank, Federal Reserve Bank stock and other investments, at cost		32,517		32,504
Company-owned life insurance		78,456		77,589
Premises and equipment, net		9,428		9,639
Goodwill		167,631		167,631
Other intangible assets		11,692		13,668
Accrued interest receivable and other assets		95,826		85,110
Total assets	$	5,431,262	$	5,499,409

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Demand, noninterest-bearing	$	1,883,574	$	1,903,768
Demand, interest-bearing		1,154,403		1,308,114
Savings and money market		1,487,400		1,375,825
Time deposits - under $250		34,728		38,734
Time deposits - $250 and over		93,263		94,700
CDARS - interest-bearing demand, money market and time deposits		29,897		38,271
Total deposits		4,683,265		4,759,412
Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		39,312		39,925
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities		99,168		102,044
Total liabilities		4,821,745		4,901,381

Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021		—		—
Common stock, no par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized;
60,716,794 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and
60,339,837 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021		501,240		497,695
Retained earnings		133,489		111,329
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(25,212)		(10,996)
Total shareholders' equity		609,517		598,028
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	5,431,262	$	5,499,409

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Interest income:
Loans, including fees	$	38,870	$	36,207	$	110,509	$	103,482
Securities, taxable		5,874		2,320		13,725		5,992
Securities, exempt from Federal tax		260		382		828		1,215
Other investments, interest-bearing deposits
in other financial institutions and Federal funds sold		5,170		998		8,574		2,611
Total interest income		50,174		39,907		133,636		113,300

Interest expense:
Deposits		1,595		1,141		3,855		3,552
Subordinated debt		538		584		1,640		1,732
Total interest expense		2,133		1,725		5,495		5,284

Net interest income before provision for credit losses on loans		48,041		38,182		128,141		108,016
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		1,006		(514)		258		(2,519)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses on loans		47,035		38,696		127,883		110,535

Noninterest income:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts		1,360		584		2,839		1,844
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		484		470		1,444		1,384
Gain on sales of SBA loans		308		594		491		1,227
Servicing income		125		129		370		415
Gain on warrants		32		13		669		11
Termination fees		16		32		61		179
Gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance		—		109		27		571
Other		456		477		1,438		1,247
Total noninterest income		2,781		2,408		7,339		6,878

Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		14,119		12,461		41,416		38,991
Occupancy and equipment		2,415		2,151		7,129		6,672
Professional fees		1,230		1,211		3,601		4,701
Other		6,135		6,008		18,195		20,486
Total noninterest expense		23,899		21,831		70,341		70,850
Income before income taxes		25,917		19,273		64,881		46,563
Income tax expense		7,848		5,555		19,125		12,828
Net income	$	18,069	$	13,718	$	45,756	$	33,735

Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.30	$	0.23	$	0.76	$	0.56
Diluted	$	0.30	$	0.23	$	0.75	$	0.56

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

		(Dollars in thousands)
Net income	$	18,069	$	13,718	$	45,756	$	33,735
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in net unrealized holding (losses) gains on available-for-sale
securities and I/O strips		(13,188)		(366)		(20,317)		(1,855)
Deferred income taxes		3,824		107		5,891		540
Change in net unamortized unrealized gain on securities available-for-
sale that were reclassified to securities held-to-maturity		—		(13)		—		(39)
Deferred income taxes		—		4		—		12
Change in unrealized (losses) gains on securities and I/O strips, net of
deferred income taxes		(9,364)		(268)		(14,426)		(1,342)

Change in net pension and other benefit plan liability adjustment		104		132		311		504
Deferred income taxes		(34)		(38)		(101)		(151)
Change in pension and other benefit plan liability, net of
deferred income taxes		70		94		210		353
Other comprehensive (loss)		(9,294)		(174)		(14,216)		(989)

Total comprehensive income	$	8,775	$	13,544	$	31,540	$	32,746

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)


						Accumulated
						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Retained		Comprehensive		Shareholders’
	Shares	Amount		Earnings		Loss		Equity

	(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance, January 1, 2021	59,917,457	$	493,707	$	94,899	$	(10,717)	$	577,889
Net income	—		—		11,204		—		11,204
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(551)		(551)
Issuance (forfeitures) of restricted stock awards, net	(34,358)		—		—		—		—
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		458		—		—		458
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,789)		—		(7,789)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		132		—		—		132
Stock options exercised	49,235		320		—		—		320
Balance March 31, 2021	59,932,334		494,617		98,314		(11,268)		581,663

Net income	—		—		8,813		—		8,813
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(264)		(264)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net	187,325		—		—		—		—
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		438		—		—		438
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,816)		—		(7,816)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		146		—		—		146
Stock options exercised	83,107		464		—		—		464
Balance, June 30, 2021	60,202,766		495,665		99,311		(11,532)		583,444

Net income	—		—		13,718		—		13,718
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(174)		(174)
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		522		—		—		522
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,827)		—		(7,827)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		150		—		—		150
Stock options exercised	63,550		285		—		—		285
Balance, September 30, 2021	60,266,316	$	496,622	$	91,484	$	(11,706)	$	590,118

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						Accumulated
						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Retained		Comprehensive		Shareholders’
	Shares	Amount		Earnings		Loss		Equity

	(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance, January 1, 2022	60,339,837	$	497,695	$	111,329	$	(10,996)	$	598,028
Net income	—		—		12,866		—		12,866
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(3,058)		(3,058)
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		518		—		—		518
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,848)		—		(7,848)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		149		—		—		149
Stock options exercised	68,009		401		—		—		401
Balance March 31, 2022	60,407,846		498,763		116,347		(14,054)		601,056

Net income	—		—		14,821		—		14,821
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(1,864)		(1,864)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net	189,305		—		—		—		—
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		477		—		—		477
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,858)		—		(7,858)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		144		—		—		144
Stock options exercised	69,643		448		—		—		448
Balance June 30, 2022	60,666,794		499,832		123,310		(15,918)		607,224

Net income	—		—		18,069		—		18,069
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(9,294)		(9,294)
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net	37,000		—		—		—		—
Amortization of restricted stock awards,
net of forfeitures and taxes	—		1,234		—		—		1,234
Cash dividend declared $0.13 per share	—		—		(7,890)		—		(7,890)
Stock option expense, net of forfeitures and taxes	—		153		—		—		153
Stock options exercised	13,000		21		—		—		21
Balance September 30, 2022	60,716,794	$	501,240	$	133,489	$	(25,212)	$	609,517

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	45,756	$	33,735
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of discounts and premiums on securities		290		2,784
Gain on sale of SBA loans		(491)		(1,227)
Proceeds from sale of SBA loans originated for sale		7,689		12,805
SBA loans originated for sale		(7,392)		(13,557)
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		258		(2,519)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		(1,444)		(1,384)
Depreciation and amortization		850		792
Amortization of other intangible assets		1,976		2,241
Stock option expense, net		446		428
Amortization of restricted stock awards, net		2,229		1,418
Amortization of subordinated debt issuance costs		134		138
Gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance		(27)		(571)
Effect of changes in:
Accrued interest receivable and other assets		(3,225)		(770)
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities		(4,337)		5,091
Net cash provided by operating activities		42,712		39,404

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of securities available-for-sale		(414,025)		—
Purchase of securities held-to-maturity		(119,447)		(322,348)
Maturities/paydowns/calls of securities available-for-sale		18,442		111,800
Maturities/paydowns/calls of securities held-to-maturity		72,794		80,847
Purchase of mortgage loans		(148,014)		(181,968)
Net change in loans		22,720		(29,831)
Changes in Federal Home Loan Bank stock and other investments		(13)		1,023
Purchase of premises and equipment		(639)		(154)
Proceeds from redemption of company-owned life insurance		604		1,969
Net cash (used in) investing activities		(567,578)		(338,662)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net change in deposits		(76,147)		811,895
Exercise of stock options		870		1,069
Payment of cash dividends		(23,596)		(23,432)
Redemption of subordinated debt		(40,000)		—
Issuance of subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		39,274		—
Net cash (used-in) provided by financing activities		(99,599)		789,532
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(624,465)		490,274
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		1,306,216		1,131,073
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	681,751	$	1,621,347

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	4,878	$	4,628
Income taxes paid, net	$	19,171	$	12,392

Supplemental schedule of non-cash activity:
Recording of right to use assets in exchange for lease obligations	$	1,751	$	—
Transfer of loans held-for-sale to loan portfolio	$	480	$	—

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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HERITAGE COMMERCE CORP

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2022

(Unaudited)

1) Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of Heritage Commerce Corp (the “Company” or “HCC”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Heritage Bank of Commerce (the “Bank” or “HBC”), have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for annual financial statements are not included herein. The interim statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes that were included in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

HBC is a commercial bank serving customers primarily located in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Benito, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Clara counties of California. CSNK Working Capital Finance Corp. a California corporation, dba Bay View Funding (“Bay View Funding”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of HBC, and provides business-essential working capital factoring financing to various industries throughout the United States. No customer accounts for more than 10% of revenue for HBC or the Company. The Company reports its results for two segments: banking and factoring. The Company’s management uses segment results in its operating and strategic planning.

In management’s opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the allowance for credit losses and any impairment of goodwill or intangible assets. It is reasonably possible the Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses and evaluation of impairment of goodwill or intangible assets could change as a result of the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. The resulting change in these estimates could be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any subsequent period or for the entire year ending December 31, 2022.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of prior year balances have been made to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or net change in cash and cash equivalents.

Accounting Guidance Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to loan and lease agreements, derivative contracts, and other transactions affected by the anticipated transition away from London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) toward new interest rate benchmarks. For transactions that are modified because of reference rate reform and that meet certain scope guidance (i) modifications of loan agreements should be accounted for by prospectively adjusting the effective interest rate and the modification will be considered "minor" so that any existing unamortized origination fees/costs would carry forward and continue to be amortized and (ii) modifications of lease agreements should be accounted for as a continuation of the existing agreement with no reassessments of the lease classification and the discount rate or remeasurements of lease payments that otherwise would be required for modifications not accounted for as separate contracts. ASU 2020-04 also provides numerous optional expedients for derivative accounting. ASU 2020-04 is effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. An

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entity may elect to apply ASU 2020-04 for contract modifications as of January 1, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. Once elected for a Topic or an Industry Subtopic within the Codification, the amendments in this ASU must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications for that Topic or Industry Subtopic. The Company does not expect any material impact on its consolidated financial statements since the Company has an insignificant number of financial instruments applicable to this ASU.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restrucurings and Vintage Disclosures, which 1) eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") by creditors while enhancing the disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty; and 2) requires that an entity disclose current-period gross writeoffs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases. ASU 2022-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and the amendments should be applied prospectively, although the entity has the option to apply a modified retrospective transition method for the recognition and measurement of TDRs, resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements, however, the impact is not expected to be material.

2) Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflect potential dilution from outstanding stock options using the treasury stock method. There were 1,365,172 and 1,056,216 weighted average stock options outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 1,365,172 and 1,066,216 weighted average stock options outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, considered to be antidilutive and excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. A reconciliation of these factors used in computing basic and diluted earnings per common share is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income	$	18,069	$	13,718	$	45,756	$	33,735

Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic
earnings per common share		60,686,992		60,220,717		60,541,015		60,078,953
Dilutive potential common shares		436,809		539,472		463,825		556,351
Shares used in computing diluted earnings per common share		61,123,801		60,760,189		61,004,840		60,635,304

Basic earnings per share	$	0.30	$	0.23	$	0.76	$	0.56
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.30	$	0.23	$	0.75	$	0.56

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3) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“AOCI”)

The following table reflects the changes in AOCI by component for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
			Unamortized
			Unrealized
	Unrealized		Gain on
	Gains (Losses) on		Available-
	Available-		for-Sale		Defined
	for-Sale		Securities		Benefit
	Securities		Reclassified		Pension
	and I/O		to Held-to-		Plan
	Strips		Maturity		Items(1)		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance July 1, 2022, net of taxes	$	(2,909)	$	—	$	(13,009)	$	(15,918)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification,
net of taxes		(9,364)		—		(3)		(9,367)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income,
net of taxes		—		—		73		73
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		(9,364)		—		70		(9,294)

Ending balance September 30, 2022, net of taxes	$	(12,273)	$	—	$	(12,939)	$	(25,212)

Beginning balance July 1, 2021, net of taxes	$	2,873	$	243	$	(14,648)	$	(11,532)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification,
net of taxes		(259)		—		(1)		(260)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		—		(9)		95		86
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		(259)		(9)		94		(174)

Ending balance September 30, 2021, net of taxes	$	2,614	$	234	$	(14,554)	$	(11,706)

(1)	This AOCI component is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 8—Benefit Plans) and includes split-dollar life insurance benefit plan.

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
			Unamortized
			Unrealized
	Unrealized		Gain on
	Gains (Losses) on		Available-
	Available-		for-Sale		Defined
	for-Sale		Securities		Benefit
	Securities		Reclassified		Pension
	and I/O		to Held-to-		Plan
	Strips		Maturity		Items(1)		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2022, net of taxes	$	2,153	$	—	$	(13,149)	$	(10,996)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification,
net of taxes		(14,426)		—		(9)		(14,435)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income,
net of taxes		—		—		219		219
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		(14,426)		—		210		(14,216)

Ending balance September 30, 2022, net of taxes	$	(12,273)	$	—	$	(12,939)	$	(25,212)

Beginning balance January 1, 2021, net of taxes	$	3,929	$	261	$	(14,907)	$	(10,717)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassification,
net of taxes		(1,315)		—		(3)		(1,318)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		—		(27)		356		329
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss),
net of taxes		(1,315)		(27)		353		(989)

Ending balance September 30, 2021, net of taxes	$	2,614	$	234	$	(14,554)	$	(11,706)

(1)	This AOCI component is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 8—Benefit Plans) and includes split-dollar life insurance benefit plan.

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	Amounts Reclassified from
	AOCI
	Three Months Ended
	September 30,				Affected Line Item Where
Details About AOCI Components	2022		2021		Net Income is Presented

	(Dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized gain on securities available-
for-sale that were reclassified to securities
held-to-maturity	$	—	$	13	Interest income on taxable securities
		—		(4)	Income tax expense
		—		9	Net of tax

Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items ⁽¹⁾
Prior transition obligation and actuarial losses ⁽²⁾		10		1
Prior service cost and actuarial losses ⁽³⁾		(114)		(136)
		(104)		(135)	Other noninterest expense
		31		40	Income tax benefit
		(73)		(95)	Net of tax
Total reclassification from AOCI for the period	$	(73)	$	(86)

(1)	This AOCI component is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 8—Benefit Plans).

(2)	This is related to the split dollar life insurance benefit plan.

(3)	This is related to the supplemental executive retirement plan.


	Amounts Reclassified from
	AOCI
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Affected Line Item Where
Details About AOCI Components	2022		2021		Net Income is Presented

	(Dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized gain on securities
available-for-sale that were reclassified to securities
held-to-maturity	$	—	$	39	Interest income on taxable securities
		—		(12)	Income tax expense
		—		27	Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items ⁽¹⁾
Prior transition obligation and actuarial losses ⁽²⁾		31		3
Prior service cost and actuarial losses ⁽³⁾		(342)		(508)
		(311)		(505)	Other noninterest expense
		92		149	Income tax benefit
		(219)		(356)	Net of tax
Total reclassification from AOCI for the period	$	(219)	$	(329)

(1)	This AOCI component is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 8—Benefit Plans).

(2)	This is related to the split dollar life insurance benefit plan.

(3)	This is related to the supplemental executive retirement plan.

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4) Securities

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities were as follows for the periods indicated:


			Gross		Gross		Allowance		Estimated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		for Credit		Fair
September 30, 2022	Cost		Gains		(Losses)		Losses		Value

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	415,459	$	5	$	(10,075)	$	—	$	405,389
Agency mortgage-backed securities		80,449		—		(7,304)		—		73,145
Total	$	495,908	$	5	$	(17,379)	$	—	$	478,534

			Gross		Gross		Estimated		Allowance
	Amortized		Unrecognized		Unrecognized		Fair		for Credit
September 30, 2022	Cost		Gains		(Losses)		Value		Losses

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	665,679	$	—	$	(108,074)	$	557,605	$	—
Municipals - exempt from Federal tax		38,130		4		(2,129)		36,005		(15)
Total	$	703,809	$	4	$	(110,203)	$	593,610	$	(15)


			Gross		Gross		Allowance		Estimated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		for Credit		Fair
December 31, 2021	Cost		Gains		(Losses)		Losses		Value

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	99,359	$	2,893	$	—	$	—	$	102,252
Total	$	99,359	$	2,893	$	—	$	—	$	102,252

			Gross		Gross		Estimated		Allowance
	Amortized		Unrecognized		Unrecognized		Fair		for Credit
December 31, 2021	Cost		Gains		(Losses)		Value		Losses

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	607,377	$	3,157	$	(4,752)	$	605,782	$	—
Municipals - exempt from Federal tax		51,063		804		—		51,867		(43)
Total	$	658,440	$	3,961	$	(4,752)	$	657,649	$	(43)

Securities with unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position are as follows for the periods indicated:


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
September 30, 2022	Value		(Losses)		Value		(Losses)		Value		(Losses)

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	395,856	$	(10,075)	$	—	$	—	$	395,856	$	(10,075)
Agency mortgage-backed securities		73,145		(7,304)		—		—		73,145		(7,304)
Total	$	469,001	$	(17,379)	$	—	$	—	$	469,001	$	(17,379)

Securities held-to-maturity:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	333,127	$	(57,166)	$	224,478	$	(50,908)	$	557,605	$	(108,074)
Municipals — exempt from Federal tax		34,817		(2,129)		—		—		34,817		(2,129)
Total	$	367,944	$	(59,295)	$	224,478	$	(50,908)	$	592,422	$	(110,203)

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	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
December 31, 2021	Value		(Losses)		Value		(Losses)		Value		(Losses)

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	408,856	$	(3,319)	$	27,997	$	(1,433)	$	436,853	$	(4,752)
Total	$	408,856	$	(3,319)	$	27,997	$	(1,433)	$	436,853	$	(4,752)

There were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its sponsored entities, in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity. At September 30, 2022, the Company held 452 securities (171 available-for-sale and 281 held-to-maturity), of which 444 had fair value below amortized cost. At September 30, 2022, there were $395,856,000 of U.S. Treasury securities available-for-sale, and $73,145,000 of agency mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale, carried with an unrealized loss for less than 12 months. At September 30, 2022, there were $333,127,000 of agency mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity, and $34,817,000 of municipal securities, carried with an unrealized loss for less than 12 months, and $224,478,000 of agency mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity, carried with an unrealized loss for 12 months or more. The total unrealized loss for securities carried less than 12 months was ($76,674,000), and the total unrealized loss for securities carried for 12 months or more was ($50,908,000) at September 30, 2022. The unrealized loss was due to higher interest rates in comparison to when the security was purchased. The issuers are of high credit quality and all principal amounts are expected to be paid when securities mature. The fair value is expected to recover as the securities approach their maturity date and/or market rates decline. The Company does not believe that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a security in an unrealized loss position prior to recovery in value.

The amortized cost and estimated fair values of securities as of September 30, 2022 are shown by contractual maturity below. The expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or pre-pay obligations with or without call or pre-payment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.


	Available-for-sale
	Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value

	(Dollars in thousands)
Due after 3 months through one year	$	26,310	$	26,155
Due after one through five years		389,149		379,234
Agency mortgage-backed securities		80,449		73,145
Total	$	495,908	$	478,534


	Held-to-maturity
	Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value

	(Dollars in thousands)
Due after three months through one year	$	554	$	550
Due after one through five years		7,407		7,279
Due after five through ten years		27,335		25,514
Due after ten years		2,834		2,662
Agency mortgage-backed securities		665,679		557,605
Total	$	703,809	$	593,610

Securities with amortized cost of $68,105,000 and $42,473,000 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes as required or permitted by law or contract.

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The table below presents a roll-forward by major security type for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 of the allowance for credit losses on debt securities held-to-maturity held at period end:


		Municipals
		(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance January 1, 2022	$	43
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses		(28)
Ending balance September 30, 2022	$	15

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, there was a reduction of $28,000 to the allowance for credit losses on the Company’s held-to-maturity municipal investment securities portfolio. This reduction was the result of a reduction in municipal securities amortized balances resulting from regular payments. The bond ratings for the Company’s municipal investment securities at September 30, 2022 were consistent with the ratings at December 31, 2021.

5) Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model under ASU 2016-13 (Topic 326) using the modified retrospective approach. The allowance for credit losses on loans is an estimate of the current expected credit losses in the loan portfolio. Loans are charged-off against the allowance when management determines that a loan balance has become uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses on loans.

Management’s methodology for estimating the allowance balance consists of several key elements, which include pooling loans with similar characteristics into segments and using a discounted cash flow calculation to estimate losses. The discounted cash flow model inputs include loan level cash flow estimates for each loan segment based on peer and bank historic loss correlations with certain economic factors. Management uses a four quarter forecast of each economic factor that is used for each loan segment and the economic factors are assumed to revert to the historic mean over an eight quarter period after the forecast period. The economic factors management has selected include the California unemployment rate, California gross domestic product, California home price index, and a national CRE value index. These factors are evaluated and updated occasionally and as economic conditions change. Additionally, management uses qualitative adjustments to the discounted cash flow quantitative loss estimates in certain cases when management has assessed an adjustment is necessary. These qualitative adjustments are applied by pooled loan segment and have been made for increased risk due to loan quality trends, collateral risk, or other risks management determines are not adequately captured in the discounted cash flow loss estimation. Specific allowances on individually evaluated loans are combined to the allowance on pools of loans with similar risk characteristics to derive to total allowance for credit losses on loans.

Management has also considered other qualitative risks such as collateral values, concentrations of credit risk (geographic, large borrower, and industry), economic conditions, changes in underwriting standards, experience and depth of lending staff, trends in delinquencies, and the level of criticized loans to address asset-specific risks and current conditions that were not fully considered by the macroeconomic variables driving the quantitative estimate.

The allowance for credit losses on loans was calculated by pooling loans of similar credit risk characteristics and credit monitoring procedures. The loan portfolio is classified into eight segments of loans - commercial, commercial real estate – owner occupied, commercial real estate – non-owner occupied, land and construction, home equity, multifamily, residential mortgages and consumer and other.

The risk characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows:

Commercial

Commercial loans primarily rely on the identified cash flows of the borrower for repayment and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. However, the cash flows of the borrowers may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory or equipment and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some loans may be unsecured. Included in commercial loans are $1,614,000 of Small Business Administration

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(“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans at September 30, 2022, and $88,726,000 at December 31, 2021. No allowance for credit losses has been recorded for PPP loans as they are fully guaranteed by the SBA.

Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”)

CRE loans rely primarily on the cash flows of the properties securing the loan and secondarily on the value of the property that is securing the loan. CRE loans comprise two segments differentiated by owner occupied CRE and non-owner CRE. Owner occupied CRE loans are secured by commercial properties that are at least 50% occupied by the borrower or borrower affiliate. Non-owner occupied CRE loans are secured by commercial properties that are less than 50% occupied by the borrower or borrower affiliate. CRE loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy.

Land and Construction

Land and construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. Construction loans usually involve the disbursement of funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the completion of the project. Sources of repayment for these loans may be permanent loans from HBC or other lenders, or proceeds from the sales of the completed project. These loans are monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risk than other real estate loans due to the final repayment dependent on numerous factors including general economic conditions.

Home Equity

Home equity loans are secured by 1-4 family residences that are generally owner occupied. Repayment of these loans depends primarily on the personal income of the borrower and secondarily on the value of the property securing the loan which can be impacted by changes in economic conditions such as the unemployment rate and property values. These loans are generally revolving lines of credit.

Multifamily

Multifamily loans are loans on residential properties with five or more units. These loans rely primarily on the cash flows of the properties securing the loan for repayment and secondarily on the value of the properties securing the loan. The cash flows of these borrowers can fluctuate along with the values of the underlying property depending on general economic conditions.

Residential Mortgages

Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family residences which are generally owner-occupied. Repayment of these loans depends primarily on the personal income of the borrower and secondarily on the value of the property securing the loan which can be impacted by changes in economic conditions such as the unemployment rate and property values. These are generally term loans and are acquired.

Consumer and Other

Consumer and other loans are secured by personal property or are unsecured and rely primarily on the income of the borrower for repayment and secondarily on the collateral value for secured loans. Borrower income and collateral values can vary depending on economic conditions.

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Loan Distribution

Loans by portfolio segment and the allowance for credit losses on loans were as follows for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial	$	542,829	$	682,834
Real estate:
CRE - owner occupied		612,241		595,934
CRE - non-owner occupied		1,023,405		902,326
Land and construction		167,439		147,855
Home equity		116,489		109,579
Multifamily		229,455		218,856
Residential mortgages		508,839		416,660
Consumer and other		16,620		16,744
Loans		3,217,317		3,090,788
Deferred loan fees, net		(844)		(3,462)
Loans, net of deferred fees		3,216,473		3,087,326
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(46,921)		(43,290)
Loans, net	$	3,169,552	$	3,044,036

Changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans were as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgage		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	6,602	$	6,009	$	21,474	$	2,498	$	695	$	2,824	$	5,232	$	156	$	45,490
Charge-offs		(7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(7)
Recoveries		202		4		—		—		26		—		—		200		432
Net recoveries		195		4		—		—		26		—		—		200		425
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		302		(96)		(416)		(7)		(36)		406		1,077		(224)		1,006
End of period balance	$	7,099	$	5,917	$	21,058	$	2,491	$	685	$	3,230	$	6,309	$	132	$	46,921


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgage		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	10,857	$	8,206	$	16,485	$	2,136	$	1,069	$	2,950	$	1,968	$	285	$	43,956
Charge-offs		(65)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(65)
Recoveries		263		4		—		—		36		—		—		—		303
Net recoveries		198		4		—		—		36		—		—		—		238
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(822)		57		665		(112)		(94)		(61)		(97)		(50)		(514)
End of period balance	$	10,233	$	8,267	$	17,150	$	2,024	$	1,011	$	2,889	$	1,871	$	235	$	43,680

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgage		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	8,414	$	7,954	$	17,125	$	1,831	$	864	$	2,796	$	4,132	$	174	$	43,290
Charge-offs		(378)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(378)
Recoveries		335		11		—		—		81		—		—		3,324		3,751
Net recoveries		(43)		11		—		—		81		—		—		3,324		3,373
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(1,272)		(2,048)		3,933		660		(260)		434		2,177		(3,366)		258
End of period balance	$	7,099	$	5,917	$	21,058	$	2,491	$	685	$	3,230	$	6,309	$	132	$	46,921


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgage		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	11,587	$	8,560	$	16,416	$	2,509	$	1,297	$	2,804	$	943	$	284	$	44,400
Charge-offs		(433)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(433)
Recoveries		1,191		12		—		884		75		—		—		70		2,232
Net (charge-offs) recoveries		758		12		—		884		75		—		—		70		1,799
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(2,112)		(305)		734		(1,369)		(361)		85		928		(119)		(2,519)
End of period balance	$	10,233	$	8,267	$	17,150	$	2,024	$	1,011	$	2,889	$	1,871	$	235	$	43,680

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of nonperforming loans and loans past due over 90 days and still accruing at the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2022
						Restructured
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual			and Loans
	with no Specific		with Specific			over 90 Days
	Allowance for		Allowance for			Past Due
	Credit		Credit			and Still
	Losses		Losses			Accruing	Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	137	$	354	$	493	$	984
Real estate:
Home equity		—		—		52		52
Total	$	137	$	354	$	545	$	1,036


	December 31, 2021
					Restructured
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual		and Loans
	with no Specific		with no Specific		over 90 Days
	Allowance for		Allowance for		Past Due
	Credit		Credit		and Still
	Losses		Losses		Accruing		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	94	$	1,028	$	278	$	1,400
Real estate:
CRE - Owner Occupied		1,126		—		—		1,126
Home equity		84		—		—		84
Multifamily		1,128		—		—		1,128
Total	$	2,432	$	1,028	$	278	$	3,738

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The following tables present the aging of past due loans by class for the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2022
	30 - 59		60 - 89		90 Days or
	Days		Days		Greater		Total
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	5,357	$	1,983	$	585	$	7,925	$	534,904	$	542,829
Real estate:
CRE - Owner Occupied		—		—		—		—		612,241		612,241
CRE - Non-Owner Occupied		1,336		—		—		1,336		1,022,069		1,023,405
Land and construction		—		—		—		—		167,439		167,439
Home equity		—		—		—		—		116,489		116,489
Multifamily		—		—		—		—		229,455		229,455
Residential mortgages		—		725		—		725		508,114		508,839
Consumer and other		—		125		—		125		16,495		16,620
Total	$	6,693	$	2,833	$	585	$	10,111	$	3,207,206	$	3,217,317


	December 31, 2021
	30 - 59		60 - 89		90 Days or
	Days		Days		Greater		Total
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	2,714	$	168	$	408	$	3,290	$	679,544	$	682,834
Real estate:
CRE - Owner Occupied		—		—		1,126		1,126		594,808		595,934
CRE - Non-Owner Occupied		—		—		—		—		902,326		902,326
Land and construction		—		—		—		—		147,855		147,855
Home equity		—		—		—		—		109,579		109,579
Multifamily		—		—		—		—		218,856		218,856
Residential mortgages		599		—		—		599		416,061		416,660
Consumer and other		—		—		—		—		16,744		16,744
Total	$	3,313	$	168	$	1,534	$	5,015	$	3,085,773	$	3,090,788

Past due loans 30 days or greater totaled $10,111,000 and $5,015,000 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of which $125,000 and $1,258,000 were on nonaccrual, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. At September 30, 2022, there were also $366,000 of loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. At December 31, 2021, there were also $2,202,000 loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. Management’s classification of a loan as “nonaccrual” is an indication that there is reasonable doubt as to the full recovery of principal or interest on the loan. At that point, the Company stops accruing interest income, and reverses any uncollected interest that had been accrued as income. The Company begins recognizing interest income only as cash interest payments are received and it has been determined the collection of all outstanding principal is not in doubt.

Credit Quality Indicators

Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of customers are engaged in similar business activities, or activities in the same geographic region, or have similar features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. The Company’s loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial (primarily manufacturing, wholesale, and service) and real estate lending, with the remaining balance in consumer loans. While no specific industry concentration is considered significant, the Company’s lending operations are located in the Company’s market areas that are dependent on the technology and real estate industries and their supporting companies. Thus, the Company’s borrowers could be adversely impacted by a downturn in these sectors of the economy which could reduce the demand for loans and adversely impact the borrowers’ ability to repay their loans.

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, and other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. Nonclassified loans generally include those loans

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that are expected to be repaid in accordance with their contractual loan terms. Loans categorized as special mention have potential weaknesses that may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the credit or inadequately protect the Company’s position at some future date. These loans pose elevated risk, but their weaknesses do not yet justify a substandard classification. Classified loans are those loans that are assigned a substandard, substandard-nonaccrual, or doubtful risk rating using the following definitions:

Special Mention. A Special Mention asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in a deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the credit position at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that will jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Substandard-Nonaccrual. Loans classified as substandard-nonaccrual are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any, and it is probable that the Company will not receive payment of the full contractual principal and interest. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. In addition, the Company no longer accrues interest on the loan because of the underlying weaknesses.

Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectable or of so little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. This classification does not necessarily mean that a loan has no recovery or salvage value; but rather, there is much doubt about whether, how much, or when the recovery would occur. Loans classified as loss are immediately charged off against the allowance for credit losses on loans. Therefore, there is no balance to report as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Loans may be reviewed at any time throughout a loan’s duration. If new information is provided, a new risk assessment may be performed if warranted.

The following tables present term loans amortized cost by vintage and loan grade classification, and revolving loans amortized cost by loan grade classification at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The loan grade classifications are based on the Bank’s internal loan grading methodology. Loan grade categories for doubtful and loss rated loans are not included on the tables below as there are no loans with those grades at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The vintage year represents the period the loan was originated or in the case of renewed loans, the period last renewed. The amortized balance is the loan balance less any purchase discounts, plus any loan purchase premiums. The loan categories are based on the loan segmentation in the Company's CECL reserve methodology based on loan purpose and type.

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														Revolving
														Loans
		Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Originated Period as of September 30, 2022												Amortized
											2017 and			Cost
	09/30/2022		12/31/2021		12/31/2020		12/31/2019		12/31/2018		Prior			Basis		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial:
Pass	$	107,182	$	39,653	$	41,903	$	8,108	$	7,675	$	8,109	$	283,912	$	496,542
Special Mention		3,020		7,723		470		200		364		177		18,912		30,866
Substandard		74		577		28		-		8		60		14,183		14,930
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		382		32		-		-		77		-		491
Total		110,276		48,335		42,433		8,308		8,047		8,423		317,007		542,829

CRE - Owner Occupied:
Pass		107,996		158,793		125,913		53,744		46,652		103,077		7,721		603,896
Special Mention		-		2,044		2,010		-		-		399		-		4,453
Substandard		743		-		3,136		-		-		13		-		3,892
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		108,739		160,837		131,059		53,744		46,652		103,489		7,721		612,241

CRE - Non-Owner Occupied:
Pass		256,054		352,789		120,090		107,017		15,231		160,615		2,897		1,014,693
Special Mention		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard		-		-		2,687		-		-		6,025		-		8,712
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		256,054		352,789		122,777		107,017		15,231		166,640		2,897		1,023,405

Land and construction:
Pass		105,233		52,120		8,046		2,040		-		-		-		167,439
Special Mention		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		105,233		52,120		8,046		2,040		-		-		-		167,439

Home equity:
Pass		-		-		-		-		-		-		116,060		116,060
Special Mention		-		98		-		-		-		-		-		98
Substandard		-		-		55		-		-		144		132		331
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-				-
Total		-		98		55		-		-		144		116,192		116,489

Multifamily:
Pass		30,763		105,073		27,439		30,435		15,280		20,395		70		229,455
Special Mention		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		30,763		105,073		27,439		30,435		15,280		20,395		70		229,455

Residential mortgage:
Pass		160,695		300,323		12,553		6,720		2,889		19,769		-		502,949
Special Mention		2,393		-		2,556		-		-		725		-		5,674
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		216		-		216
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		163,088		300,323		15,109		6,720		2,889		20,710		-		508,839

Consumer and other:
Pass		429		504		-		15		1,379		848		13,320		16,495
Special Mention		-		-		-		-		-		-		125		125
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		429		504		-		15		1,379		848		13,445		16,620

Total loans	$	774,582	$	1,020,079	$	346,918	$	208,279	$	89,478	$	320,649	$	457,332	$	3,217,317

Risk Grades:
Pass	$	768,352	$	1,009,255	$	335,944	$	208,079	$	89,106	$	312,813	$	423,980	$	3,147,529
Special Mention		5,413		9,865		5,036		200		364		1,301		19,037		41,216
Substandard		817		577		5,906		-		8		6,458		14,315		28,081
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-		382		32		-		-		77		-		491
Grand Total	$	774,582	$	1,020,079	$	346,918	$	208,279	$	89,478	$	320,649	$	457,332	$	3,217,317

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													Revolving
													Loans
		Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Originated Period as of December 31, 2021											Amortized
													Cost
		2021	2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior Periods		Basis		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial:
Pass	$	208,645	65,257	$	15,086	$	12,281	$	7,311	$	5,507	$	349,717	$	663,804
Special Mention		2,210	512		219		764		243		204		4,024		8,176
Substandard		3,709	930		-		13		302		2		4,776		9,732
Substandard-Nonaccrual		595	442		37		-		-		48		-		1,122
Total		215,159	67,141		15,342		13,058		7,856		5,761		358,517		682,834

CRE - Owner Occupied:
Pass		170,504	135,103		65,596		57,017		31,657		107,203		14,486		581,566
Special Mention		568	2,254		672		-		-		355		-		3,849
Substandard		985	6,042		-		1,477		-		889		-		9,393
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	1,100		-		-		-		26		-		1,126
Total		172,057	144,499		66,268		58,494		31,657		108,473		14,486		595,934

CRE - Non-Owner Occupied:
Pass		374,470	141,404		115,170		45,959		68,125		134,454		2,068		881,650
Special Mention		-	5,388		-		-		1,133		3,816		-		10,337
Substandard		-	5,842		-		-		-		4,497		-		10,339
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		374,470	152,634		115,170		45,959		69,258		142,767		2,068		902,326

Land and construction:
Pass		125,844	11,401		4,385		-		-		1,300		3,566		146,496
Special Mention		1,359	-		-		-		-		-		-		1,359
Substandard		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		127,203	11,401		4,385		-		-		1,300		3,566		147,855

Home equity:
Pass		-	-		-		46		-		-		106,738		106,784
Special Mention		-	-		-		-		-		-		1,931		1,931
Substandard		-	-		-		-		-		54		726		780
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	84		-		-		-		-		-		84
Total		-	84		-		46		-		54		109,395		109,579

Multifamily:
Pass		102,535	27,955		30,820		16,151		16,261		13,895		-		207,617
Special Mention		5,804	-		4,307		-		-		-		-		10,111
Substandard		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		1,128	-		-		-		-		-		-		1,128
Total		109,467	27,955		35,127		16,151		16,261		13,895		-		218,856

Residential mortgage:
Pass		360,424	17,875		8,065		3,070		6,015		19,967		-		415,416
Special Mention		-	-		-		-		-		1,244		-		1,244
Substandard		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		360,424	17,875		8,065		3,070		6,015		21,211		-		416,660

Consumer and other:
Pass		491	2		40		1,426		14		1,000		13,756		16,729
Special Mention		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard		15	-		-		-		-		-		-		15
Substandard-Nonaccrual		-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total		506	2		40		1,426		14		1,000		13,756		16,744

Total loans	$	1,359,286	421,591	$	244,397	$	138,204	$	131,061	$	294,461	$	501,788	$	3,090,788

Risk Grades:.
Pass	$	1,342,913	398,997	$	239,162	$	135,950	$	129,383	$	283,326	$	490,331	$	3,020,062
Special Mention		9,941	8,154		5,198		764		1,376		5,619		5,955		37,007
Substandard		4,709	12,814		-		1,490		302		5,442		5,502		30,259
Substandard-Nonaccrual		1,723	1,626		37		-		-		74		-		3,460
Grand Total	$	1,359,286	421,591	$	244,397	$	138,204	$	131,061	$	294,461	$	501,788	$	3,090,788

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The amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by business assets was $354,000 and $1,028,000 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectfully.

When management determines that foreclosures are probable, expected credit losses for collateral-dependent loans are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. For loans for which foreclosure is not probable, but for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, management has elected the practical expedient under ASC 326 to estimate expected credit losses based on the fair value of collateral, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. The class of loan represents the primary collateral type associated with the loan. Significant quarter over quarter changes are reflective of changes in nonaccrual status and not necessarily associated with credit quality indicators like appraisal value.

The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2022 was $52,000 of accruing loans. The book balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2021 was $500,000 which included $372,000 of nonaccrual loans and $128,000 of accruing loans. There were no specific reserves established with respect to these loans as of September 30, 2022, and approximately $290,000 in specific reserves were established with respect to these loans as of December 31, 2021.

There were no loans modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. There was one new loan with total recorded investment of $3,000 that was modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings for the period indicated:


	During the Nine Months Ended
		September 30, 2021
				Pre-modification		Post-modification
		Number		Outstanding		Outstanding
		of		Recorded		Recorded
Troubled Debt Restructurings:		Contracts		Investment		Investment

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial		1	$	3	$	3
Total		1	$	3	$	3

A loan is considered to be in payment default when it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no defaults on troubled debt restructurings, within twelve months following the modification, during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

A loan that is a troubled debt restructuring on nonaccrual status may return to accruing status after a period of at least six months of consecutive payments in accordance with the modified terms.

6) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

At September 30, 2022, the carrying value of goodwill was $167,631,000, which included $13,044,000 of goodwill related to its acquisition of Bay View Funding, $32,619,000 from its acquisition of Focus Business Bank, $13,819,000 from its acquisition of Tri-Valley Bank, $24,271,000 from its acquisition of United American Bank and $83,878,000 from its acquisition of Presidio Bank.

Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, which is determined through a qualitative assessment whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of equity of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value (“Step Zero”). If the qualitative assessment indicates it is more likely than not that the fair value of equity of a reporting unit is less than book value, then a quantitative impairment test is required. The quantitative assessment identifies if a reporting unit fair value is less than its carrying value. If it is, then the Company will recognize goodwill impairment equal to the difference between the carrying amount of the reporting unit and its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.

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The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of November 30, 2021 with the assistance of an independent valuation firm. The goodwill related to the acquisition of Bay View Funding was tested separately for impairment under this analysis. No events or circumstances since the November 30, 2021 annual impairment test were noted that would indicate it was more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists, for either the Company’s banking or factoring reporting units.

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Banking	$	154,587	$	154,587
Factoring		13,044		13,044
Total Goodwill	$	167,631	$	167,631

Other Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets are summarized as follows for the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2022
	Gross				Remaining
	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	Amount		Amortization		Amount

	(Dollars in thousands)
Core deposit intangibles	$	25,023	$	(13,817)	$	11,206
Customer relationship and brokered relationship intangibles		1,900		(1,503)		397
Below market leases		110		(21)		89
Total	$	27,033	$	(15,341)	$	11,692


	December 31, 2021
	Gross				Remaining
	Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
	Amount		Amortization		Amount

	(Dollars in thousands)
Core deposit intangibles	$	25,023	$	(11,982)	$	13,041
Customer relationship and brokered relationship intangibles		1,900		(1,361)		539
Below market leases		110		(22)		88
Total	$	27,033	$	(13,365)	$	13,668

As of September 30, 2022, the estimated amortization expense for future periods is as follows:


				Customer &	Below/
	Core			Brokered	(Above)		Total
	Deposit			Relationship	Market		Amortization
Year	Intangible			Intangible	Lease		Expense

		(Dollars in thousands)
2022 remaining	$	612		48	$	(1)	$	659
2023		2,217		190		(2)		2,405
2024		2,023		159		5		2,187
2025		1,795		—		18		1,813
2026		1,512		—		18		1,530
2027		1,438		—		18		1,456
Thereafter		1,609		—		33		1,642
	$	11,206	$	397	$	89	$	11,692

Impairment testing of the intangible assets is performed at the individual asset level. Impairment exists if the carrying amount of the asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value at the date of the impairment test. For intangible assets, estimates of expected future cash flows (cash inflows less cash outflows) that are directly associated with an intangible asset are used to determine the fair value of that asset. Management makes certain estimates and assumptions in determining the expected future cash flows from core deposit and customer relationship intangibles including account attrition, expected lives, discount rates, interest rates, servicing costs and other factors. Significant changes in these estimates and assumptions could adversely impact the valuation of these intangible assets. If an impairment loss exists,

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the carrying amount of the intangible asset is adjusted to a new cost basis. The new cost basis is then amortized over the remaining useful life of the asset. Based on its assessment, management concluded that there was no impairment of intangible assets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

7) Income Taxes

Some items of income and expense are recognized in one year for tax purposes, and another when applying generally accepted accounting principles, which leads to timing differences between the Company’s actual current tax liability and the amount accrued for this liability based on book income. These temporary differences comprise the “deferred” portion of the Company’s tax expense or benefit, which is accumulated on the Company’s books as a deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability until such time as they reverse.

Under generally accepted accounting principles, a valuation allowance is required if it is “more likely than not” that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination of the realizability of the deferred tax assets is highly subjective and dependent upon judgment concerning management’s evaluation of both positive and negative evidence, including forecasts of future income, cumulative losses, applicable tax planning strategies, and assessments of current and future economic and business conditions.

The Company had net deferred tax assets of $33,021,000 and $28,757,000, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. After consideration of the matters in the preceding paragraph, the Company determined that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 will be fully realized in future years.

The following table reflects the carrying amounts of the low income housing investments included in accrued interest receivable and other assets, and the future commitments included in accrued interest payable and other liabilities for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Low income housing investments	$	3,748	$	4,380
Future commitments	$	568	$	568

The Company expects $55,000 of the future commitments to be paid in 2022, and $513,000 in 2023 through 2025.

For tax purposes, the Company had low income housing tax credits of $210,000 for both the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and low income housing investment expense of $211,000 and $209,000, respectively. For tax purposes, the Company had low income housing tax credits of $630,000 for both the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and low income housing investment expense of $632,000 and $627,000, respectively. The Company recognized low income housing investment expense as a component of income tax expense.

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8) Benefit Plans

Supplemental Retirement Plan

The Company has a supplemental retirement plan (the “Plan”) covering some current and some former key employees and directors. The Plan is a nonqualified defined benefit plan. Benefits are unsecured as there are no Plan assets. The following table presents the amount of periodic cost recognized for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost	$	87	$	120	$	261	$	360
Interest cost		216		190		648		570
Amortization of prior service cost		—		—		—		100
Amortization of net actuarial loss		114		136		342		408
Net periodic benefit cost	$	417	$	446	$	1,251	$	1,438

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in the line item “other noninterest expense” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Split-Dollar Life Insurance Benefit Plan

The Company maintains life insurance policies for some current and former directors and officers that are subject to split-dollar life insurance agreements. The following table sets forth the funded status of the split-dollar life insurance benefits for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Change in projected benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	9,244	$	9,689
Interest cost		185		219
Actuarial loss		—		(664)
Projected benefit obligation at end of period	$	9,429	$	9,244


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Net actuarial loss	$	4,699	$	4,601
Prior transition obligation		812		879
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	5,511	$	5,480


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Amortization of prior transition obligation and actuarial losses	$	(10)	$	(1)	$	(31)	$	(3)
Interest cost		62		54		185		164
Net periodic benefit cost	$	52	$	53	$	154	$	161

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9) Fair Value

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data (for example, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals, prepayment speeds, credit risks, and default rates).

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

The fair values of securities available-for sale-are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs).

The fair value of interest-only (“I/O”) strip receivable assets is based on a valuation model used by a third party. The Company is able to compare the valuation model inputs and results to widely available published industry data for reasonableness (Level 2 inputs).


			Fair Value Measurements Using
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
			Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Balance		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets at September 30, 2022
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury	$	405,389	$	405,389	$	—	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed securities		73,145		—		73,145		—
I/O strip receivables		171		—		171		—

Assets at December 31, 2021
Available-for-sale securities:
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	102,252	$	—	$	102,252	$	—
I/O strip receivables		221		—		221		—

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the period for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Non-Recurring Basis

The fair value of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated with specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses on loans is generally based on recent real estate appraisals. The appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. There were no material collateral dependent loans carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

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Foreclosed assets are valued at the time the loan is foreclosed upon and the asset is transferred to foreclosed assets. The fair value is based primarily on third party appraisals, less costs to sell. The appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales and income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no foreclosed assets on the balance sheet.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at September 30, 2022 are as follows:


			Estimated Fair Value
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amounts		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	681,751	$	681,751	$	—	$	—	$	681,751
Securities available-for-sale		478,534		405,389		73,145		—		478,534
Securities held-to-maturity, net		703,794		—		593,610		—		593,610
Loans (including loans held-for-sale), net		3,171,633		—		2,081		3,022,893		3,024,974
FHLB stock, FRB stock, and other
investments		32,517		—		—		—		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		14,348		1,683		2,334		10,331		14,348
I/O strips receivables		171		—		171		—		171
Liabilities:
Time deposits	$	131,460	$	—	$	131,643	$	—	$	131,643
Other deposits		4,551,805		—		4,551,805		—		4,551,805
Subordinated debt		39,312		—		36,945		—		36,945
Accrued interest payable		960		—		960		—		960

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31, 2021:


			Estimated Fair Value
					Significant
			Quoted Prices in		Other		Significant
			Active Markets for		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying		Identical Assets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amounts		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,306,216	$	1,306,216	$	—	$	—	$	1,306,216
Securities available-for-sale		102,252		—		102,252		—		102,252
Securities held-to-maturity, net		658,397		—		657,649		—		657,649
Loans (including loans held-for-sale), net		3,046,403		—		2,367		3,061,558		3,063,925
FHLB stock, FRB stock, and other
investments		32,504		—		—		—		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		10,781		—		1,719		9,062		10,781
I/O strips receivables		221		—		221		—		221
Liabilities:
Time deposits	$	139,834	$	—	$	140,086	$	—	$	140,086
Other deposits		4,619,578		—		4,619,578		—		4,619,578
Subordinated debt		39,925		—		40,425		—		40,425
Accrued interest payable		477		—		477		—		477

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10) Equity Plan

The Company maintained an Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Plan (the “2004 Plan”) for directors, officers, and key employees. The 2004 Plan was terminated on May 23, 2013. On May 23, 2013, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”). On May 21, 2020, the shareholders approved an amendment to the Heritage Commerce Corp 2013 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available from 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 shares. The equity plans provide for the grant of incentive and nonqualified stock options and restricted stock. The equity plans provide that the option price for both incentive and nonqualified stock options will be determined by the Board of Directors at no less than the fair value at the date of grant. Options granted vest on a schedule determined by the Board of Directors at the time of grant. Generally, options vest over four years. All options expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Restricted stock is subject to time vesting. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company granted 372,000 shares of nonqualified stock options and 238,811 shares of restricted stock. There were 1,426,575 shares available for the issuance of equity awards under the 2013 Plan as of September 30, 2022.

Stock option activity under the equity plans is as follows:


				Weighted
		Weighted		Average
		Average		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number	Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
Total Stock Options	of Shares	Price		Life (Years)	Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022	2,584,632	$	10.00
Granted	372,000	$	11.03
Exercised	(150,652)	$	5.77
Forfeited or expired	(91,175)	$	12.26
Outstanding at September 30, 2022	2,714,805	$	10.30	5.53	$	4,998,498
Vested or expected to vest	2,551,917			5.53	$	4,698,588
Exercisable at September 30, 2022	2,011,447			4.39	$	4,636,786

Information related to the equity plans for the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021
Intrinsic value of options exercised	$	719,946	$	1,103,925
Cash received from option exercise	$	869,950	$	1,069,391
Tax benefit (expense) realized from option exercises	$	53,552	$	58,208
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	2.18	$	2.32

As of September 30, 2022, there was $1,422,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options granted under the equity plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.79 years.

Restricted stock activity under the equity plans is as follows:


		Weighted
		Average Grant
	Number	Date Fair
Total Restricted Stock Award	of Shares	Value
Nonvested shares at January 1, 2022	298,566	$	11.03
Granted	238,811	$	11.16
Vested	(252,081)	$	11.81
Forfeited or expired	(12,506)	$	10.93
Nonvested shares at September 30, 2022	272,790	$	11.05

As of September 30, 2022, there was $2,456,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock awards granted under the equity plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.04 years.

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11) Subordinated Debt

On May 11, 2022, the Company completed a private placement offering of $40,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due May 15, 2032 (“Sub Debt due 2032”). The Company used the net proceeds of the Sub Debt due 2032 for general corporate purposes, including the repayment on June 1, 2022 of the Company’s $40,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.25% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due June 1, 2027 (“Sub Debt due 2027”). The Sub Debt due 2032, net of unamortized issuance costs of $688,000, totaled $39,312,000 at September 30, 2022, and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for the Company under the guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Bank

On May 26, 2017, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of $40,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Sub Debt due 2027. The Sub Debt due 2027 had a fixed interest rate of 5.25% per year through June 1, 2022. On June 1, 2022, the Company completed the redemption of all of its outstanding $40,000,000 of Sub Debt due 2027, prior to resetting to a floating rate. The Sub Debt due 2027 was redeemed pursuant to the terms of the Subordinated Indenture, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, each dated as of May 26, 2017, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, at the redemption price of 100% of its principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest of $1,100,000.

12) Capital Requirements

The Company and its subsidiary bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory—and possibly additional discretionary—actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements and operations. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and HBC must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

The Company’s consolidated capital ratios and the HBC’s capital ratios exceeded the regulatory guidelines for a well-capitalized financial institution under the Basel III regulatory requirements at September 30, 2022. There are no conditions or events since September 30, 2022, that management believes have changed the categorization of the Company or HBC as “well-capitalized.”

As permitted by the interim final rule issued on March 27, 2020 by our federal regulatory agency, we elected the option to delay the estimated impact of the adoption of the CECL Standard in our regulatory capital for two years. This two-year delay is in addition to the three-year transition period the agency had already made available. The adoption delayed the effects of CECL on our regulatory capital through the end of 2021. The effects are being phased-in over a three-year period from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2024, with 75% recognized in 2022, 50% recognized in 2023, and 25% recognized in 2024. Under the interim final rule, the amount of adjustments to regulatory capital deferred until the phase-in period includes both the initial impact of adoption of the CECL Standard at January 1, 2020 and 25% of subsequent changes in our allowance for credit losses during each quarter of the two-year period ending December 31, 2021.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to help ensure capital adequacy require the Company and HBC to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the tables below) of total, Tier 1 capital, and common equity Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (as defined). Management believes that, as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company and HBC met all capital adequacy guidelines to which they were subject.

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The Company’s consolidated capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table, together with capital adequacy requirements, under the Basel III regulatory requirements for the periods indicated:


					Required For
					Capital
					Adequacy
					Purposes
	Actual				Under Basel III
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio⁽¹⁾

	(Dollars in thousands)
As of September 30, 2022
Total Capital	$	538,072	14.5	%	$	388,764	10.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	459,504	12.4	%	$	314,714	8.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	$	459,504	12.4	%	$	259,176	7.0	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	459,504	8.7	%	$	211,506	4.0	%
(to average assets)

(1)	Includes 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the Tier 1 Capital to average assets ratio.


					Required For
					Capital
					Adequacy
					Purposes
	Actual				Under Basel III
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio⁽¹⁾

		(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2021
Total Capital	$	506,209	14.4	%	$	369,711	10.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	433,488	12.3	%	$	299,290	8.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	$	433,488	12.3	%	$	246,474	7.0	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	433,488	7.9	%	$	220,193	4.0	%
(to average assets)

(2)	Includes 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the Tier 1 Capital to average assets ratio.

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HBC’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table, together with capital adequacy requirements, under the Basel III regulatory requirements for the periods indicated:


									Required For
									Capital
					To Be Well-Capitalized				Adequacy
					Under Basel III PCA Regulatory				Purposes
	Actual				Requirements				Under Basel III
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio⁽¹⁾

	(Dollars in thousands)
As of September 30, 2022
Total Capital	$	516,460	14.0	%	$	370,032	10.0	%	$	388,534	10.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	477,203	12.9	%	$	296,026	8.0	%	$	314,527	8.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	$	477,203	12.9	%	$	240,521	6.5	%	$	259,022	7.0	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	477,203	9.0	%	$	264,272	5.0	%	$	211,417	4.0	%
(to average assets)

(1)	Includes 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the Tier 1 Capital to average assets ratio.


									Required For
									Capital
					To Be Well-Capitalized				Adequacy
					Under Basel III PCA Regulatory				Purposes
	Actual				Requirements				Under Basel III
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio⁽¹⁾

		(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2021
Total Capital	$	484,382	13.8	%	$	351,839	10.0	%	$	369,431	10.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	451,586	12.8	%	$	281,471	8.0	%	$	299,063	8.5	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	$	451,586	12.8	%	$	228,695	6.5	%	$	246,287	7.0	%
(to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 Capital	$	451,586	8.2	%	$	275,109	5.0	%	$	220,087	4.0	%
(to average assets)

(1)	Includes 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the Tier 1 Capital to average assets ratio.

The Subordinated Debt, net of unamortized issuance costs, totaled $39,312,000 at September 30, 2022, and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for the Company under the guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Bank.

Under California General Corporation Law, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and as declared by the Board of Directors, out of funds legally available. The California Financial Code provides that a state licensed bank may not make a cash distribution to its shareholders in excess of the lesser of the following: (i) the bank’s retained earnings; or (ii) the bank’s net income for its last three fiscal years, less the amount of any distributions made by the bank to its shareholders during such period. However, a bank, with the prior approval of the Commissioner of the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (“DFPI”) may make a distribution to its shareholders of an amount not to exceed the greater of (i) a bank’s retained earnings; (ii) its net income for its last fiscal year; or (iii) its net income for the current fiscal year. Also with the prior approval of the Commissioner of the DFPI and the shareholders of the bank, the bank may make a distribution to its shareholders, as a reduction in capital of the bank. In the event that the Commissioner determines that the shareholders’ equity of a bank is inadequate or that the making of a distribution by a bank would be unsafe or unsound, the Commissioner may order a bank to refrain from making such a proposed distribution. As September 30, 2022, HBC would not be required to obtain regulatory approval, and the amount available for cash dividends is $25,140,000. HBC distributed to HCC dividends of $8,000,000, during the third, second and first quarters of 2022, for a total of $24,000,000.

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13) Commitments and Loss Contingencies

Loss Contingencies

Within the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to private lawsuits, government audits, administrative proceedings and other claims. A number of these claims may exist at any given time, and some of the claims may be pled as class actions. We could be affected by adverse publicity and litigation costs resulting from such allegations, regardless of whether they are valid or whether we are legally determined to be liable. A summary of proceedings outstanding at September 30, 2022 follows:

DC Solar Related:

●

In January and February 2019, Double Jump, Inc. and a number of its affiliates (collectively, the “DC Solar Debtors”) each commenced bankruptcy cases in the United States Bankruptcy Court of Nevada. The chapter 7 trustee of the DC Solar Debtors had indicated that it may bring an adversary action against the Bank related to our former deposit relationships with the DC Solar Debtors and their sponsored investment funds. The Bank entered into a settlement agreement, dated July 7, 2021 with the trustee. The Bank settled all claims of the trustee against the Bank, its affiliates, past and current employees, including all direct and derivative claims arising out of the Bank’s allegedly negligent handling, supervision and management of depository accounts that were maintained for the DC Solar Debtors and related investment funds. The Bank denied all liability. The Bank received a full and complete release of the trustee’s claims. The Bank considers the settlement to be an insured event subject to reimbursement by liability insurance. The Bank reserved $4,000,000 toward the settlement amount in the second quarter of 2021, and the full settlement payment was made on October 26, 2021. The Bank is pursuing recovery of the $4,000,000 settlement amount plus $1,000,000 of legal costs and interest from an insurance carrier. All legal fees incurred in connection with the trustee action and the settlement agreement have been expensed to date.

●

In December 2020, Solar Eclipse Investment Fund III, et al v. Heritage Bank of Commerce, et al., was filed against the Bank, and others, in the Solano County Superior Court for the State of California. The case relates to the Bank’s former deposit relationships with investment funds sponsored by D.C. Solar and affiliates (collectively “D.C. Solar”). D.C. Solar is a former customer that allegedly perpetrated a Ponzi scheme and declared bankruptcy. In October 2021, the court sustained the Bank’s demurrer without leave to amend on all but two counts. Subsequently, the plaintiffs sought to overturn the court’s ruling in favor of the Bank by filing a petition for a writ of mandate in the California Court of Appeals, where the petition was denied. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

●

In December 2020, Solarmore Management Services, Inc. v. Jeff Carpoff et al., (“Solarmore”) was filed as an amended complaint in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California against the Bank, a former employee and other unrelated parties. The case arose out of the Bank’s former deposit relationship with D.C. Solar and its sponsored investment funds. On February 4, 2022, Solarmore voluntarily dismissed the Bank without prejudice, but not the Bank’s former employee. The Bank’s former employee remains a party to the action.

Employee Related:

●

In November 2020, a former and a then-current bank employee purporting to represent a class of Bank employees, alleged in a lawsuit that the Bank violated the California Labor Code and California Business and Professions Code, by failing to permit required meal and rest breaks, and by failing to provide accurate wage statements, among other claims. The lawsuit seeks unspecified penalties under the California Private Attorneys General Act (“PAGA”) in addition to other monetary payments. Because the class/PAGA action alleges wage and hour claims, it is not covered by the Bank’s insurance. In February 2021, the Bank was notified of a set of PAGA and potential class claims alleged by a third former and a then-current bank employee alleging the same claims. The third former employee/claimant is being added as a plaintiff to the previously filed class/PAGA action. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

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●

In October 2021 the third employee/claimant above referenced filed a lawsuit alleging race, color, gender, and sex discrimination; disability discrimination; discrimination against an employee making a CFRA claim, violation of the Equal Pay Act, retaliation, and related claims. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

The Company makes a provision for a liability relating to legal matters when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. The outcomes of legal proceedings and other contingencies are, however, inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties. As a result, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the amount or range of possible losses, including losses that could arise as a result of application of non-monetary remedies, with respect to the contingencies it faces, and the Company’s estimates may not prove to be accurate.

At this time, we believe that the amount of reasonably possible losses resulting from final disposition of any pending lawsuits, audits, proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect individually or in the aggregate on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. It is possible, however, that our future results of operations for a particular quarter or fiscal year could be impacted by changes in circumstances relating to lawsuits, proceedings or claims. Legal costs related to such claims are expensed as incurred.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business the Company makes commitments to extend credit to its customers as long as there are no violations of any conditions established in the contractual arrangements. These commitments are obligations that represent a potential credit risk to the Company, but are not reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Total unused commitments to extend credit were $1,163,219,000 at September 30, 2022, and $1,150,811,000 at December 31, 2021. Unused commitments represented 36% outstanding gross loans at September 30, 2022, and 37% at December 31, 2021.

The effect on the Company’s revenues, expenses, cash flows and liquidity from the unused portion of the commitments to provide credit cannot be reasonably predicted because there is no certainty that lines of credit and letters of credit will ever be fully utilized. The following table presents the Company’s commitments to extend credit for the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Fixed		Variable				Fixed		Variable
	Rate		Rate		Total		Rate		Rate		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Unused lines of credit and commitments
to make loans	$	102,770	$	1,049,501	$	1,152,271	$	119,071	$	1,015,588	$	1,134,659
Standby letters of credit		3,942		7,006		10,948		3,084		13,068		16,152
	$	106,712	$	1,056,507	$	1,163,219	$	122,155	$	1,028,656	$	1,150,811

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, there was an increase of $2,000 to the allowance for credit losses on the Company’s off-balance sheet credit exposures. The increase in the allowance for credit losses for off-balance sheet credit exposures in the first nine months of 2022 was driven by higher loan committments. The allowance for credit losses on the Company’s off-balance sheet credit exposures was $817,000 at September 30, 2022 and $815,000 at December 31, 2021.

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14) Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09 (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606. Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities. In addition, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, financial guarantees, gain on sale of securities, bank-owned life insurance, gain on sales of SBA loans, and certain credit card fees are also not in scope of the new guidance. Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as deposit related fees, interchange fees, and merchant income. However, the recognition of these revenue streams did not change significantly upon adoption of Topic 606. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. The following noninterest income revenue streams are in-scope of Topic 606:

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts consist of account analysis fees (i.e., net fees earned on analyzed business and public checking accounts), monthly service fees, check orders, and other deposit account related fees. We sometimes charge customers fees that are not specifically related to the customer accessing its funds, such as account maintenance or dormancy fees. The amount of deposit fees assessed varies based on a number of factors, such as the type of customer and account, the quantity of transactions, and the size of the deposit balance. We charge, and in some circumstances do not charge, fees to earn additional revenue and influence certain customer behavior. An example would be where we do not charge a monthly service fee, or do not charge for certain transactions, for customers that have a high deposit balance. Deposit fees are considered either transactional in nature (such as wire transfers, nonsufficient fund fees, and stop payment orders) or non-transactional (such as account maintenance and dormancy fees). These fees are recognized as earned or as transactions occur and services are provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based and, therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

The Company currently accounts for sales of foreclosed assets in accordance with Topic 360-20. In most cases the Company will seek to engage a real estate agent for the sale of foreclosed assets immediately upon foreclosure. However, in some cases, where there is clear demand for the property in question, the Company may elect to allow for a marketing period of no more than six months to attempt a direct sale of the property. We generally recognize the sale, and any associated gain or loss, of a real estate property when control of the property transfers. Any gains or losses from the sale are recorded to noninterest income/expense.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income In-scope of Topic 606:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	1,360	$	584
Total noninterest income in-scope of Topic 606		1,360		584
Noninterest Income Out-of-scope of Topic 606		1,421		1,824
Total noninterest income	$	2,781	$	2,408


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income In-scope of Topic 606:
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	2,839	$	1,844
Total noninterest income in-scope of Topic 606		2,839		1,844
Noninterest Income Out-of-scope of Topic 606		4,500		5,034
Total noninterest income	$	7,339	$	6,878

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15) Noninterest Expense

The following table sets forth the various components of the Company’s noninterest expense for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	14,119	$	12,461	$	41,416	$	38,991
Occupancy and equipment		2,415		2,151		7,129		6,672
Insurance expense		1,361		949		3,447		2,273
Professional fees		1,230		1,211		3,601		4,701
Amortization of intangible assets		659		754		1,976		2,241
Data processing		562		507		1,894		1,624
Reserve for litigation		—		500		—		4,500
Other		3,553		3,298		10,878		9,848
Total noninterest expense	$	23,899	$	21,831	$	70,341	$	70,850

16) Leases

The Company recognizes the following for all leases, at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use, of a specified asset for the lease term. The Company is impacted as a lessee of the offices and real estate used for operations. The Company's lease agreements include options to renew at the Company's option. No lease extensions are reasonably certain to be exercised, therefore it was not considered in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. As of September 30, 2022, operating lease ROU assets, included in other assets, and lease liabilities, included in other liabilities, totaled $32,943,000.

The following table presents the quantitative information for the Company’s leases for the periods indicated:


		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Operating Lease Cost (Cost resulting from lease payments)	$	1,691	$	1,621	$	4,931	$	4,913
Operating Lease - Operating Cash Flows (Fixed Payments)	$	1,252	$	1,432	$	3,697	$	3,837
Operating Lease - ROU assets	$	32,943	$	35,707	$	32,943	$	35,707
Operating Lease - Liabilities	$	32,943	$	35,707	$	32,943	$	35,707
Weighted Average Lease Term - Operating Leases		6.86 yrs		7.59 yrs		6.86 yrs		7.59 yrs
Weighted Average Discount Rate - Operating Leases		4.44%		4.48%		4.44%		4.48%

The following maturity analysis shows the undiscounted cash flows due on the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2022:


	(Dollars in thousands)
2022 remaining	$	1,562
2023		5,964
2024		5,636
2025		5,233
2026		4,671
Thereafter		15,479
Total undiscounted cash flows		38,545
Discount on cash flows		(5,602)
Total lease liability	$	32,943

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17) Business Segment Information

The following presents the Company’s operating segments. The Company operates through two business segments: Banking segment and Factoring segment. Transactions between segments consist primarily of borrowed funds. Intersegment interest expense is allocated to the Factoring segment based on the Company’s prime rate and funding costs. The provision for credit losses on loans is allocated based on the segment’s allowance for loan loss determination which considers the effects of charge-offs. Noninterest income and expense directly attributable to a segment are assigned to it. Taxes are paid on a consolidated basis and allocated for segment purposes. The Factoring segment includes only factoring originated by Bay View Funding.


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Banking⁽¹⁾		Factoring		Consolidated

	(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income	$	46,973	$	3,201	$	50,174
Intersegment interest allocations		329		(329)		—
Total interest expense		2,133		—		2,133
Net interest income		45,169		2,872		48,041
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		1,126		(120)		1,006
Net interest income after provision		44,043		2,992		47,035
Noninterest income		2,677		104		2,781
Noninterest expense		22,216		1,683		23,899
Intersegment expense allocations		128		(128)		—
Income before income taxes		24,632		1,285		25,917
Income tax expense		7,468		380		7,848
Net income	$	17,164	$	905	$	18,069

Total assets	$	5,355,212	$	76,050	$	5,431,262
Loans, net of deferred fees	$	3,155,923	$	60,550	$	3,216,473
Goodwill	$	154,587	$	13,044	$	167,631

(1) Includes the holding company’s results of operations

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	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Banking⁽¹⁾		Factoring		Consolidated

	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest income	$	37,093	$	2,814	$	39,907
Intersegment interest allocations		219		(219)		—
Total interest expense		1,725		—		1,725
Net interest income		35,587		2,595		38,182
Provision (recapture) for credit losses on loans		(588)		74		(514)
Net interest income after provision		36,175		2,521		38,696
Noninterest income		2,313		95		2,408
Noninterest expense		20,428		1,403		21,831
Intersegment expense allocations		69		(69)		—
Income before income taxes		18,129		1,144		19,273
Income tax expense		5,217		338		5,555
Net income	$	12,912	$	806	$	13,718

Total assets	$	5,392,948	$	70,054	$	5,463,002
Loans, net of deferred fees	$	2,776,114	$	56,745	$	2,832,859
Goodwill	$	154,587	$	13,044	$	167,631

(1) Includes the holding company’s results of operations


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Banking ⁽¹⁾		Factoring		Consolidated

	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest income	$	124,513	$	9,123	$	133,636
Intersegment interest allocations		887		(887)		—
Total interest expense		5,495		—		5,495
Net interest income		119,905		8,236		128,141
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		259		(1)		258
Net interest income after provision		119,646		8,237		127,883
Noninterest income		7,049		290		7,339
Noninterest expense		65,542		4,799		70,341
Intersegment expense allocations		370		(370)		—
Income before income taxes		61,523		3,358		64,881
Income tax expense		18,132		993		19,125
Net income	$	43,391	$	2,365	$	45,756

Total assets	$	5,355,212	$	76,050	$	5,431,262
Loans, net of deferred fees	$	3,155,923	$	60,550	$	3,216,473
Goodwill	$	154,587	$	13,044	$	167,631

(1) Includes the holding company’s results of operations

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Banking⁽¹⁾		Factoring		Consolidated

	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest income	$	105,064	$	8,236	$	113,300
Intersegment interest allocations		632		(632)		—
Total interest expense		5,284		—		5,284
Net interest income		100,412		7,604		108,016
Provision (recapture) for credit losses on loans		(2,537)		18		(2,519)
Net interest income after provision		102,949		7,586		110,535
Noninterest income		6,522		356		6,878
Noninterest expense		66,656		4,194		70,850
Intersegment expense allocations		302		(302)		—
Income before income taxes		43,117		3,446		46,563
Income tax expense		11,809		1,019		12,828
Net income	$	31,308	$	2,427	$	33,735

Total assets	$	5,392,948	$	70,054	$	5,463,002
Loans, net of deferred fees	$	2,776,114	$	56,745	$	2,832,859
Goodwill	$	154,587	$	13,044	$	167,631

(1) Includes the holding company’s results of operations

18) Subsequent Events

On October 27, 2022, the Company announced that its Board of Directors declared a $0.13 per share quarterly cash dividend to holders of common stock. The dividend will be payable on November 22, 2022, to shareholders of record at the close of the business day on November 8, 2022.

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TEM 2—MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion provides information about the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and capital resources of Heritage Commerce Corp (the “Company” or “HCC”), its wholly-owned subsidiary, Heritage Bank of Commerce (“HBC” or the “Bank”), and HBC’s wholly-owned subsidiary, CSNK Working Capital Finance Corp., a California Corporation, dba Bay View Funding (“Bay View Funding”). This information is intended to facilitate the understanding and assessment of significant changes and trends related to our financial condition and the results of operations. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes presented elsewhere in this report. Unless we state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise, references to the “Company,” “Heritage,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” in this Report on Form 10-Q refer to Heritage Commerce Corp and its subsidiaries.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Critical accounting policies are discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no changes in the Company's application of critical accounting policies since December 31, 2021.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This summary is intended to identify the most important matters on which management focuses when it evaluates the financial condition and performance of the Company. When evaluating financial condition and performance, management looks at certain key metrics and measures. The Company’s evaluation includes comparisons with peer group financial institutions and its own performance objectives established in the internal planning process.

The primary activity of the Company is commercial banking. The Company’s operations are located entirely in the general San Francisco Bay Area of California in the counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Benito, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Clara. The Company’s market includes the cities of Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose and the headquarters of a number of technology based companies in the region known commonly as Silicon Valley. The Company’s customers are primarily closely held businesses and professionals.

Performance Overview

For the three months ended September 30, 2022, net income was $18.1 million, or $0.30 per average diluted common share, compared to $13.7 million, or $0.23 per average diluted common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The Company’s annualized return on average tangible assets was 1.36% and annualized return on average tangible equity was 16.60% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 1.10% and 13.49%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, net income was $45.8 million, or $0.75 per average diluted common share, compared to $33.7 million, or $0.56 per average diluted common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company’s annualized return on average tangible assets was 1.17% and annualized return on average tangible equity was 14.41% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 0.94% and 11.29%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”)

In response to economic stimulus laws passed by Congress in 2020 and 2021, the Bank funded two rounds of SBA PPP loans totaling $530.8 million. At September 30, 2022, there were no remaining “Round 1” PPP loans. After accounting for loan payoffs and SBA loan forgiveness, “Round 2” PPP loans totaled $1.6 million at September 30, 2022. The following table shows interest income, fee income and deferred origination costs generated by the PPP loans, and the PPP loan outstanding balances and related deferred fees and costs for the periods indicated:

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	At or For the Quarter Ended:						At or For the Nine Months Ended:
PPP LOANS	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		September 30,		September 30,
(in $000’s, unaudited)	2022		2021		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Interest income	$	11	$	318	$	548	$	210	$	2,163
Fee income, net		190		2,211		2,508		2,029		7,784
Total	$	201	$	2,529	$	3,056	$	2,239	$	9,947

PPP loans outstanding at period end:
Round 1	$	—	$	1,717	$	5,795	$	—	$	5,795
Round 2		1,614		87,009		158,711		1,614		158,711
Total	$	1,614	$	88,726	$	164,506	$	1,614	$	164,506

Deferred fees outstanding at period end	$	(132)	$	(2,342)	$	(4,831)	$	(132)	$	(4,831)
Deferred costs outstanding at period end		8		189		461		8		461
Total	$	(124)	$	(2,153)	$	(4,370)	$	(124)	$	(4,370)

Factoring Activities - Bay View Funding

Based in San Jose, California, Bay View Funding provides business-essential working capital factoring financing to various industries throughout the United States. The following table reflects selected financial information for Bay View Funding for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		September 30,
	2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Total factored receivables at period-end	$	60,550	$	56,745
Average factored receivables:
For the three months ended	$	62,623	$	50,674
For the nine months ended	$	61,508	$	49,263
Total full time equivalent employees at period-end		30		31

Third Quarter 2022 Highlights

The following are important factors that impacted the Company’s results of operations:

●

Net interest income, before provision for credit losses on loans, increased 26% to $48.0 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $38.2 million for the third quarter of 2021. The fully tax equivalent (“FTE”) net interest margin increased 55 basis points to 3.73% for the third quarter of 2022, from 3.18% for the third quarter of 2021, primarily due to a shift in the mix of earning assets into higher yielding loans and investment securities, and higher average yield on overnight funds, partially offset by lower interest and fees on PPP loans, a decrease in the accretion of the loan purchase discount into interest income from acquired loans, lower prepayment fees, and a higher cost of funds.

●

Net interest income, before provision for credit losses on loans, increased 19% to $128.1 million for the first nine months of 2022, compared to $108.0 million for the first nine months of 2021. For the first nine months of 2022, the FTE net interest margin increased 26 basis points to 3.39%, compared to 3.13% for the first nine months of 2021, primarily due to higher average balances of loans and investment securities, higher average yields on investment securities and overnight funds, partially offset by lower interest and fees on PPP loans, a decrease in the accretion of the loan purchase discount into interest income from acquired loans, and lower prepayment fees.

●

The average yield on the total loan portfolio decreased to 4.90% for the third quarter of 2022, compared to 5.18% for the third quarter of 2021, primarily due to lower interest and fees on PPP loans, a decrease in the accretion of the loan purchase discount into interest income from acquired loans, lower prepayment fees, and higher average balances of lower yielding purchased residential mortgages, partially offset by increases in the prime rate.

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●

The average yield on the total loan portfolio decreased to 4.81% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 5.07% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to a decrease in interest and fees on PPP loans, a decrease in the accretion of the loan purchase discount into interest income from acquired loans, lower prepayment fees, and an increase in the average balance of lower yielding purchased residential mortgages.

●

In aggregate, the remaining net purchase discount on total loans acquired from Focus Business Bank (“Focus”), Tri-Valley Bank (“Tri-Valley”), United American Bank (“United American”), and Presidio Bank (“Presidio”) was $5.0 million at September 30, 2022.

●

The average cost of total deposits was 0.13% for the third quarter of 2022, compared to 0.10% for the third quarter of 2021. The average cost of total deposits was 0.11% for both the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021.

●

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, total noninterest income increased 7% to $7.3 million, compared to $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to higher income on off-balance sheet deposits, and a $669,000 gain on warrants, partially offset by a lower gain on sales of SBA loans and a lower gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance during the first nine months of 2022.

●

Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased to $70.3 million, compared to $70.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to a reserve for a legal settlement during the first nine months of 2021, partially offset by higher salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, and insurance expense during the first nine months of 2022.

●

The efficiency ratio was 47.02% for the third quarter of 2022, compared to 53.78% for the third quarter of 2021. The efficiency ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 51.92%, compared to 61.67% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The improvement in the efficiency ratio for the third quarter and first nine months of 2022 was primarily due to an increase in net interest income from the rising interest rate environment. The efficiency ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was negatively impacted by the $4.0 million reserve for a legal settlement. Excluding the $4.0 million reserve for a legal settlement, the efficiency ratio was 58.18% for the first nine months of 2021.

●

Income tax expense was $7.8 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $5.6 million for the third quarter of 2021. The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2022 was 30.3%, compared to 28.8% for the third quarter of 2021. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $19.1 million, compared to $12.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 29.5%, compared to 27.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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The following are important factors in understanding our current financial condition and liquidity position:

●

Cash, other investments and interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions and securities available-for-sale, at fair value, decreased (33%) to $1.160 billion at September 30, 2022, from $1.742 billion at September 30, 2021, and decreased (18%) from $1.408 billion at December 31, 2021.

●

At September 30, 2022, securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost, totaled $703.8 million, compared to $537.3 million at September 30, 2021, and $658.4 million, at December 31, 2021.

●

Total loans at September 30, 2022 included $1.6 million of PPP loans, compared to $164.5 million at September 30, 2021 and $88.7 million at December 31, 2021. Total loans at September 30, 2022 included $508.8 million of residential mortgages, compared to $211.5 million at September 30, 2021, and $416.7 million at December 31, 2021. Loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, PPP loans and residential mortgages, increased $244.9 million, or 10%, to $2.706 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $2.461 billion at September 30, 2021, and increased $122.1 million, or 5%, from $2.584 billion at December 31, 2021.

●

Nonperforming assets (“NPAs”) were $1.0 million, or 0.02% of total assets, at September 30, 2022, compared to $4.7 million, or 0.09% of total assets, at September 30, 2021, and $3.7 million, or 0.07% of total assets, at December 31, 2021.

●

Classified assets were $28.6 million, or 0.53% of total assets, at September 30, 2022, compared to $31.9 million, or 0.58% of total assets, at September 30, 2021, and $33.7 million, or 0.61% of total assets, at December 31, 2021.

●

Net recoveries totaled $425,000 for the third quarter of 2022, compared to net recoveries of $238,000 for the third quarter of 2021. Net recoveries totaled $3.4 million during the first nine months of 2022, compared to net recoveries of $1.8 million for the first nine months of 2021.

●

The allowance for credit losses on loans (“ACLL”) at September 30, 2022 was $46.6 million, or 1.46% of total loans, representing 4,529.05% of total nonperforming loans. The ACLL at September 30, 2021 was $43.7 million, or 1.54% of total loans, representing 922.88% of total nonperforming loans. The ACLL at December 31, 2021 was $43.3 million, or 1.40% of total loans, representing 1,158.11% of total nonperforming loans.

●

Deposits, excluding all time deposits and CDARS deposits, decreased ($22.3) million to $4.525 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $4.548 billion at September 30, 2021, and decreased ($62.3) million, or (1%), compared to $4.588 billion at December 31, 2021.

●

The ratio of noncore funding (which consists of time deposits of $250,000 and over, CDARS deposits, brokered deposits, securities under an agreement to repurchase, subordinated debt, and short-term borrowings) to total assets was 2.99% at September 30, 2022, compared to 3.28% at September 30, 2021, and 3.14% at December 31, 2021.

●

The loan to deposit ratio was 68.68% at September 30, 2022, compared to 59.94% at September 30, 2021, and 64.87% at December 31, 2021.

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●

The Company’s consolidated capital ratios exceeded regulatory guidelines and the HBC’s capital ratios exceeded the regulatory guidelines for a well-capitalized financial institution under the Basel III regulatory requirements at September 30, 2022.




							Well-capitalized
	Heritage			Heritage			Financial Institution			Basel III Minimum
	Commerce			Bank of			Basel III PCA Regulatory			Regulatory
Capital Ratios	Corp			Commerce			Guidelines			Requirement(1)
Total Capital		14.5	%		14.0	%		10.0	%		10.5	%
Tier 1 Capital		12.4	%		12.9	%		8.0	%		8.5	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital		12.4	%		12.9	%		6.5	%		7.0	%
Tier 1 Leverage		8.7	%		9.0	%		5.0	%		4.0	%

(1)	Basel III minimum regulatory requirements for both HCC and HBC include a 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the leverage ratio.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Company earns income from two primary sources. The first is net interest income, which is interest income generated by earning assets less interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities. The second is noninterest income, which primarily consists of gains on the sale of loans, loan servicing fees, customer service charges and fees, the increase in the cash surrender value of life insurance, and gains on the sale of securities. The majority of the Company’s noninterest expenses are operating costs that relate to providing a full range of banking and lending services to our customers.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

The level of net interest income depends on several factors in combination, including yields on earning assets, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, the relative volumes of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the mix of products which comprise the Company’s earning assets, deposits, and other interest-bearing liabilities. To maintain its net interest margin the Company must manage the relationship between interest earned and paid.

The following Distribution, Rate and Yield table presents the average amounts outstanding for the major categories of the Company’s balance sheet, the average interest rates and amounts earned or paid thereon, and the resulting net interest margin on average interest earning assets for the periods indicated. Average balances are based on daily averages.

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Distribution, Rate and Yield


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2022						September 30, 2021
			Interest		Average				Interest		Average
	Average		Income /		Yield /		Average		Income /		Yield /
	Balance		Expense		Rate		Balance		Expense		Rate

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Loans, gross ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	3,143,987	$	38,870	4.90	%	$	2,771,541	$	36,207	5.18	%
Securities — taxable		1,076,742		5,874	2.16	%		557,890		2,320	1.65	%
Securities — exempt from Federal tax⁽³⁾		38,733		329	3.37	%		58,679		485	3.28	%
Other investments, interest-bearing deposits
in other financial institutions and Federal funds sold		857,911		5,170	2.39	%		1,390,464		998	0.28	%
Total interest earning assets		5,117,373		50,243	3.90	%		4,778,574		40,010	3.32	%
Cash and due from banks		37,961						37,963
Premises and equipment, net		9,591						9,962
Goodwill and other intangible assets		179,739						182,501
Other assets		121,666						130,239
Total assets	$	5,466,330					$	5,139,239
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Deposits:
Demand, noninterest-bearing	$	1,910,748					$	1,835,219

Demand, interest-bearing		1,205,937		543	0.18	%		1,142,762		473	0.16	%
Savings and money market		1,429,055		925	0.26	%		1,234,109		513	0.16	%
Time deposits — under $100		12,329		5	0.16	%		14,721		7	0.19	%
Time deposits — $100 and over		123,458		121	0.39	%		132,247		147	0.44	%
CDARS — interest-bearing demand, money
market and time deposits		30,517		1	0.01	%		37,257		1	0.01	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,801,296		1,595	0.23	%		2,561,096		1,141	0.18	%
Total deposits		4,712,044		1,595	0.13	%		4,396,315		1,141	0.10	%

Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		39,288		538	5.43	%		39,851		583	5.80	%
Short-term borrowings		27		—	0.00	%		55		1	7.21	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,840,611		2,133	0.30	%		2,601,002		1,725	0.26	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities and demand,
noninterest-bearing / cost of funds		4,751,359		2,133	0.18	%		4,436,221		1,725	0.15	%
Other liabilities		103,264						117,006
Total liabilities		4,854,623						4,553,227
Shareholders’ equity		611,707						586,012
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	5,466,330					$	5,139,239

Net interest income / margin				48,110	3.73	%				38,285	3.18	%
Less tax equivalent adjustment				(69)						(103)
Net interest income			$	48,041					$	38,182

(1)	Includes loans held-for-sale. Nonaccrual loans are included in average balance.

(2)

Yield amounts earned on loans include fees and costs. The accretion of net deferred loan fees into loan interest income was $507,000 for the third quarter of 2022 (of which $190,000 was from PPP loans), compared to $2,809,000 for the third quarter of 2021 (of which $2,508,000 was from PPP loans). Prepayment fees totaled $96,000 for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $1,282,000 for the third quarter of 2021.

(3)	Reflects the fully tax equivalent adjustment for Federal tax-exempt income based on a 21% tax rate.

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	Nine Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2022						September 30, 2021
			Interest		Average				Interest		Average
	Average		Income /		Yield /		Average		Income /		Yield /
	Balance		Expense		Rate		Balance		Expense		Rate

	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Loans, gross ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	3,074,674	$	110,509	4.81	%	$	2,729,319	$	103,482	5.07	%
Securities — taxable		924,694		13,725	1.98	%		491,832		5,992	1.63	%
Securities — exempt from Federal tax⁽³⁾		41,328		1,048	3.39	%		62,454		1,538	3.29	%
Other investments, interest-bearing deposits
in other financial institutions and Federal funds sold		1,025,002		8,574	1.12	%		1,343,248		2,611	0.26	%
Total interest earning assets⁽³⁾		5,065,698		133,856	3.53	%		4,626,853		113,623	3.28	%
Cash and due from banks		37,589						40,401
Premises and equipment, net		9,621						10,158
Goodwill and other intangible assets		180,393						183,262
Other assets		121,519						127,402
Total assets	$	5,414,820					$	4,988,076
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Deposits:
Demand, noninterest-bearing	$	1,868,283					$	1,786,035

Demand, interest-bearing		1,244,996		1,470	0.16	%		1,103,114		1,429	0.17	%
Savings and money market		1,383,944		2,026	0.20	%		1,184,108		1,613	0.18	%
Time deposits — under $100		12,732		14	0.15	%		15,315		24	0.21	%
Time deposits — $100 and over		122,615		341	0.37	%		132,347		482	0.49	%
CDARS — interest-bearing demand, money
market and time deposits		30,356		4	0.02	%		31,295		4	0.02	%
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,794,643		3,855	0.18	%		2,466,179		3,552	0.19	%
Total deposits		4,662,926		3,855	0.11	%		4,252,214		3,552	0.11	%

Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		42,552		1,640	5.15	%		39,804		1,731	5.81	%
Short-term borrowings		24		—	0.00	%		42		1	3.18	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,837,219		5,495	0.26	%		2,506,025		5,284	0.28	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities and demand,
noninterest-bearing / cost of funds		4,705,502		5,495	0.16	%		4,292,060		5,284	0.16	%
Other liabilities		104,524						113,265
Total liabilities		4,810,026						4,405,325
Shareholders’ equity		604,794						582,751
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	5,414,820					$	4,988,076

Net interest income ⁽³⁾ / margin				128,361	3.39	%				108,339	3.13	%
Less tax equivalent adjustment ⁽³⁾				(220)						(323)
Net interest income			$	128,141					$	108,016

(1)	Includes loans held-for-sale. Nonaccrual loans are included in average balances.

(2)

Yield amounts earned on loans include fees and costs. The accretion of net deferred loan fees into loan interest income was $3,111,000 for the first nine months of 2022 (of which $2,029,000 was from PPP loans), compared to $8,609,000 for the first nine months of 2021 (of which $7,784,000 was from PPP loans). Prepayment fees totaled $1,155,000 for the first nine months of 2022, compared to $2,303,000 for the first nine months of 2021.

(3)	Reflects the FTE adjustment for Federal tax-exempt income based on a 21% tax rate.

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Volume and Rate Variances

The Volume and Rate Variances table below sets forth the dollar difference in interest earned and paid for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the noted periods, and the amount of such change attributable to changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average interest rates. Volume variances are equal to the increase or decrease in the average balance times the prior period rate, and rate variances are equal to the increase or decrease in the average rate times the prior period average balance. Variances attributable to both rate and volume changes are equal to the change in rate times the change in average balance and are included below in the average volume column.


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022 vs. 2021
	Increase (Decrease)
	Due to Change in:
	Average		Average		Net
	Volume		Rate		Change

	(Dollars in thousands)
Income from the interest earning assets:
Loans, gross	$	4,640	$	(1,977)	$	2,663
Securities — taxable		2,837		717		3,554
Securities — exempt from Federal tax⁽¹⁾		(169)		13		(156)
Other investments, interest-bearing deposits
in other financial institutions and Federal funds sold		(3,206)		7,378		4,172
Total interest income on interest-earning assets		4,102		6,131		10,233

Expense from the interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand, interest-bearing		25		45		70
Savings and money market		116		296		412
Time deposits — under $100		(1)		(1)		(2)
Time deposits — $100 and over		(9)		(17)		(26)
CDARS — interest-bearing demand, money market
and time deposits		—		—		—
Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		(7)		(38)		(45)
Short-term borrowings		—		(1)		(1)
Total interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities		124		284		408
Net interest income	$	3,978	$	5,847		9,825
Less tax equivalent adjustment						34
Net interest income					$	9,859

(1)	Reflects the fully tax equivalent adjustment for Federal tax-exempt income based on a 21% tax rate.

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	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022 vs. 2021
	Increase (Decrease)
	Due to Change in:
	Average		Average		Net
	Volume		Rate		Change

	(Dollars in thousands)
Income from the interest earning assets:
Loans, gross	$	12,319	$	(5,292)	$	7,027
Securities — taxable		6,441		1,292		7,733
Securities — exempt from Federal tax⁽¹⁾		(536)		46		(490)
Other investments, interest-bearing deposits
in other financial institutions and Federal funds sold		(2,678)		8,641		5,963
Total interest income on interest-earning assets		15,546		4,687		20,233

Expense from the interest-bearing liabilities:
Demand, interest-bearing		150		(109)		41
Savings and money market		255		158		413
Time deposits — under $100		(3)		(7)		(10)
Time deposits — $100 and over		(25)		(116)		(141)
CDARS — interest-bearing demand, money market
and time deposits		(1)		1		—
Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs		107		(198)		(91)
Short-term borrowings		—		(1)		(1)
Total interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities		483		(272)		211
Net interest income	$	15,063	$	4,959		20,022
Less tax equivalent adjustment						103
Net interest income					$	20,125

(1)

Reflects the fully tax equivalent adjustment for Federal tax-exempt income based on a 21% tax rate.

Net interest income increased 19% to $128.1 million for the first nine months of 2022, compared to $108.0 million for the first nine months of 2021. For the first nine months of 2022, the FTE net interest margin increased 26 basis points to 3.39%, compared to 3.13% for the first nine months of 2021, primarily due to higher average balances of loans and investment securities, higher average yields on investment securities and overnight funds, partially offset by lower interest and fees on PPP loans, a decrease in the accretion of the loan purchase discount into interest income from acquired loans, and lower prepayment fees.

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The following tables present the average balance of loans outstanding, interest income, and the average yield for the periods indicated:


	For the Quarter Ended						For the Quarter Ended
	September 30, 2022						September 30, 2021
	Average		Interest		Average		Average		Interest		Average
	Balance		Income		Yield		Balance		Income		Yield

	(Dollars in thousands)
Loans, core bank	$	2,574,842	$	30,490	4.70	%	$	2,317,985	$	25,476	4.36	%
Prepayment fees		—		96	0.01	%		—		1,282	0.22	%
PPP loans		4,593		11	0.95	%		218,098		548	1.00	%
PPP fees, net		—		190	16.41	%		—		2,508	4.56	%
Asset-based lending		53,514		1,032	7.65	%		43,457		586	5.35	%
Bay View Funding factored receivables		62,623		3,201	20.28	%		50,674		2,815	22.04	%
Purchased residential mortgages		445,256		3,414	3.04	%		141,073		1,019	2.87	%
Purchased commercial ("CRE") loans		8,337		83	3.95	%		9,177		91	3.93	%
Loan fair value mark / accretion		(5,178)		353	0.05	%		(8,923)		1,882	0.32	%
Total loans (includes loans held-for-sale)	$	3,143,987	$	38,870	4.90	%	$	2,771,541	$	36,207	5.18	%


	Nine Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2022						September 30, 2021
	Average		Interest		Average		Average		Interest		Average
	Balance		Income		Yield		Balance		Income		Yield

	(Dollars in thousands)
Loans, core bank	$	2,530,130	$	83,988	4.44	%	$	2,254,435	$	75,205	4.46	%
Prepayment fees		—		1,155	0.06	%		—		2,303	0.14	%
PPP loans		28,575		210	0.98	%		290,253		2,163	1.00	%
PPP fees, net		—		2,029	9.49	%		—		7,784	3.59	%
Asset-based lending		57,540		2,857	6.64	%		35,376		1,424	5.38	%
Bay View Funding factored receivables		61,508		9,123	19.83	%		49,263		8,237	22.36	%
Residential mortgages		394,618		8,553	2.90	%		96,761		2,118	2.93	%
Purchased CRE loans		8,424		237	3.76	%		13,618		372	3.65	%
Loan fair value mark / accretion		(6,121)		2,357	0.12	%		(10,387)		3,876	0.23	%
Total loans (includes loans held-for-sale)	$	3,074,674	$	110,509	4.81	%	$	2,729,319	$	103,482	5.07	%

In aggregate, the remaining net purchase discount on total loans acquired from Focus, Tri-Valley, United American, and Presidio was $5.0 million at September 30, 2022.

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

Credit risk is inherent in the business of making loans. The Company establishes an allowance for credit losses on loans through charges to earnings, which are presented in the statements of income as the provision for credit losses on loans. Specifically identifiable and quantifiable known losses are promptly charged off against the allowance. The provision for credit losses on loans is determined by conducting a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for credit losses on loans and charging the shortfall or excess, if any, to the current quarter’s expense. This has the effect of creating variability in the amount and frequency of charges to the Company’s earnings. The provision for

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credit losses on loans and level of allowance for each period are dependent upon many factors, including loan growth, net charge-offs, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquencies, management’s assessment of the quality of the loan portfolio, the valuation of problem loans and the general economic conditions in the Company’s market area. The provision for credit losses on loans and level of allowance for each period are also dependent on forecast data for the state of California including GDP and unemployment rate projections.

During the third quarter of 2022, there was a provision for credit losses on loans of $1.0 million, compared to a $514,000 negative provision for credit losses on loans for the third quarter of 2021. There was a provision for credit losses on loans of $258,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to a $2.5 million negative provision for credit losses on loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Provisions for credit losses on loans are charged to operations to bring the allowance for credit losses on loans to a level deemed appropriate by the Company based on the factors discussed under “Credit Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans.”

Noninterest Income



					Increase
	Three Months Ended				(decrease)
	September 30,				2022 versus 2021
	2022		2021		Amount		Percent

	(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	1,360	$	584	$	776	133	%
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		484		470		14	3	%
Gain on sales of SBA loans		308		594		(286)	(48)	%
Servicing income		125		129		(4)	(3)	%
Gain on warrants		32		13		19	146	%
Termination fees		16		32		(16)	(50)	%
Gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance		—		109		(109)	(100)	%
Other		456		477		(21)	(4)	%
Total	$	2,781	$	2,408	$	373	15	%


					Increase
	Nine Months Ended				(decrease)
	September 30,				2022 versus 2021
	2022		2021		Amount		Percent

	(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts	$	2,839	$	1,844	$	995	54	%
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance		1,444		1,384		60	4	%
Gain on sales of SBA loans		491		1,227		(736)	(60)	%
Servicing income		370		415		(45)	(11)	%
Gain on warrants		669		11		658	5,982	%
Termination fees		61		179		(118)	(66)	%
Gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance		27		571		(544)	(95)	%
Other		1,438		1,247		191	15	%
Total	$	7,339	$	6,878	$	461	7	%

Total noninterest income increased 15% to $2.8 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $2.4 million for the third quarter of 2021, primarily due to higher income on off-balance sheet deposits, partially offset by a lower gain on sale of SBA loans during the third quarter of 2022, and a gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance during the third quarter of 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, total noninterest income increased 7% to $7.3 million, compared to $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to higher income on off-balance sheet deposits, and a $669,000 gain on warrants, partially offset by a lower gain on sales of SBA loans and a lower gain on proceeds from company-owned life insurance during the first nine months of 2022.

A portion of the Company’s noninterest income has been associated with its SBA lending activity, as gains on the sale of loans sold in the secondary market and servicing income from loans sold with servicing rights retained. For the third quarter of 2022, SBA loan sales resulted in a $308,000 gain, compared to a $594,000 gain on sales of SBA loans for the third quarter of 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, SBA loan sales resulted in a $491,000 gain, compared to a $1.2 million gain on sales of SBA loans for the first nine months of 2021.

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The servicing assets that result from the sales of SBA loans with servicing retained are amortized over the expected term of the loans using a method approximating the interest method. Servicing income generally declines as the respective loans are repaid.

Noninterest Expense

The following table sets forth the various components of the Company’s noninterest expense:



					Increase
	Three Months Ended				(Decrease)
	September 30,				2022 versus 2021
	2022		2021		Amount		Percent

	(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	14,119	$	12,461	$	1,658	13	%
Occupancy and equipment		2,415		2,151		264	12	%
Insurance expense		1,361		949		412	43	%
Professional fees		1,230		1,211		19	2	%
Amortization of intangible assets		659		754		(95)	(13)	%
Data processing		562		507		55	11	%
Reserve for litigation		—		500		(500)	(100)	%
Other		3,553		3,298		255	8	%
Total noninterest expense	$	23,899	$	21,831	$	2,068	9	%


					Increase
	Nine Months Ended				(Decrease)
	September 30,				2022 versus 2021
	2022		2021		Amount		Percent

	(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	41,416	$	38,991	$	2,425	6	%
Occupancy and equipment		7,129		6,672		457	7	%
Insurance expense		3,447		2,273		1,174	52	%
Professional fees		3,601		4,701		(1,100)	(23)	%
Amortization of intangible assets		1,976		2,241		(265)	(12)	%
Data processing		1,894		1,624		270	17	%
Reserve for litigation		—		4,500		(4,500)	(100)	%
Other		10,878		9,848		1,030	10	%
Total noninterest expense	$	70,341	$	70,850	$	(509)	(1)	%

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The following table indicates the percentage of noninterest expense in each category for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
			Percent of				Percent of
	2022		Total		2021		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	14,119	59	%	$	12,461	57	%
Occupancy and equipment		2,415	10	%		2,151	10	%
Insurance expense		1,361	6	%		949	4	%
Professional fees		1,230	5	%		1,211	6	%
Amortization of intangible assets		659	3	%		754	4	%
Data processing		562	2	%		507	2	%
Reserve for litigation		—	—	%		500	2	%
Other		3,553	15	%		3,298	15	%
Total noninterest expense	$	23,899	100	%	$	21,831	100	%


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
			Percent				Percent
	2022		of Total		2021		of Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits	$	41,416	59	%	$	38,991	55	%
Occupancy and equipment		7,129	10	%		6,672	10	%
Insurance expense		3,447	5	%		2,273	3	%
Professional fees		3,601	5	%		4,701	7	%
Amortization of intangible assets		1,976	3	%		2,241	3	%
Data processing		1,894	3	%		1,624	2	%
Reserve for litigation		—	—	%		4,500	6	%
Other		10,878	15	%		9,848	14	%
Total noninterest expense	$	70,341	100	%	$	70,850	100	%

Total noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2022 increased to $23.9 million, compared to $21.8 million for the third quarter of 2021, primarily due to higher salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, and insurance expense during the third quarter of 2022. Salaries and employee benefits included $784,000 of restricted stock expense for vesting of restricted common stock of the previous President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company who retired during the third quarter of 2022. Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased to $70.3 million, compared to $70.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to a reserve for a legal settlement during the first nine months of 2021, partially offset by higher salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, and insurance expense during the first nine months of 2022.

Full time equivalent employees was 327 at September 30, 2022, and 325 at September 30, 2021, and 326 at December 31, 2021.

Income Tax Expense

The Company computes its provision for income taxes on a monthly basis. The effective tax rate is determined by applying the Company’s statutory income tax rates to pre-tax book income as adjusted for permanent differences between pre-tax book income and actual taxable income. These permanent differences include, but are not limited to, increases in the cash surrender value of life insurance policies, interest on tax-exempt securities, certain expenses that are not allowed as tax deductions, and tax credits.

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The following table shows the Company’s effective income tax rates for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Effective income tax rate	30.3	%	28.8	%	29.5	%	27.5	%

The Company’s Federal and state income tax expense for the third quarter of 2022 was $7.8 million, compared to $5.6 million for the third quarter of 2021. The Federal and state income tax expense for the first nine months of 2022 was $19.1 million, compared to $12.8 million for the first nine months of 2021.

Some items of income and expense are recognized in one year for tax purposes, and another when applying generally accepted accounting principles, which leads to timing differences between the Company’s actual tax liability, and the amount accrued for this liability based on book income. These temporary differences comprise the “deferred” portion of the Company’s tax expense or benefit, which is accumulated on the Company’s books as a deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability until such time as they reverse.

Realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is primarily dependent upon the Company generating sufficient future taxable income to obtain benefit from the reversal of net deductible temporary differences and the utilization of tax credit carryforwards and the net operating loss carryforwards for Federal and state income tax purposes. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable is subject to adjustment in future periods based on estimates of future taxable income. Under generally accepted accounting principles a valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is “more likely than not” that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The determination of the realizability of the deferred tax assets is highly subjective and dependent upon judgment concerning management’s evaluation of both positive and negative evidence, including forecasts of future income, cumulative losses, applicable tax planning strategies, and assessments of current and future economic and business conditions.

The Company had net deferred tax assets of $33.0 million at September 30, 2022, $25.3 million at September 30, 2021, and $28.8 million at December 31, 2021. After consideration of the matters in the preceding paragraph, the Company determined that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021 will be fully realized in future years.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

At September 30, 2022, total assets decreased (1%) to $5.431 billion, compared to $5.463 billion at September 30, 2021, and decreased (1%) from $5.499 billion at December 31, 2021.

Securities available-for-sale, at fair value, were $478.5 million at September 30, 2022, an increase of 295% from $121.0 million at September 30, 2021, and an increase of 368% from $102.3 million at December 31, 2021. Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost, were $703.8 million at September 30, 2022, an increase of 31% from $537.3 million at September 30, 2021, and an increase of 7% from $658.4 million at December 31, 2021.

Loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, increased $383.6 million, or 14%, to $3.216 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $2.832 billion at September 30, 2021, and increased $129.1 million, or 4%, from $3.087 billion at December 31, 2021. Total loans at September 30, 2022 included $1.6 million of PPP loans, compared to $164.5 million at September 30, 2021 and $88.7 million at December 31, 2021. Total loans at September 30, 2022 included $508.8 million of residential mortgages, compared to $211.5 million at September 30, 2021, and $416.7 million at December 31, 2021. Loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, PPP loans and residential mortgages, increased $244.9 million, or 10%, to $2.706 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $2.461 billion at September 30, 2021, and increased $122.1 million, or 5%, from $2.584 billion at December 31, 2021.

Total deposits decreased ($43.1) million, or (1%), to $4.683 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $4.726 billion at September 30, 2021, and decreased ($76.1) million, or (2%), from $4.759 billion at December 31, 2021. The decrease in total deposits at September 30, 2022, compared to December 31, 2021, was primarily due to a decline in temporary deposits from two customers. The deposits from those two customers decreased ($180.0) million to $123.2 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $303.2 million at December 31, 2021. Deposits, excluding all time deposits

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and CDARS deposits, decreased ($22.3) million to $4.525 billion at September 30, 2022, compared to $4.548 billion at September 30, 2021, and decreased ($62.3) million, or (1%), compared to $4.588 billion at December 31, 2021.

Securities Portfolio

The following table reflects the balances for each category of securities at the dates indicated:


	September 30,				December 31,
	2022		2021		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale (at fair value):
U.S. Treasury	$	405,389	$	115,996	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed securities		73,145		5,004		102,252
Total	$	478,534	$	121,000	$	102,252
Securities held-to-maturity (at amortized cost):
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	665,679	$	480,333	$	607,377
Municipals — exempt from Federal tax		38,130		56,997		51,063
Total	$	703,809	$	537,330	$	658,440

The following table summarizes the weighted average life and weighted average yields of securities at September 30, 2022:


	Weighted Average Life
					After One and				After Five and
	Within One				Within Five				Within Ten				After Ten
	Year or Less				Years				Years				Years				Total
	Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield

	(Dollars in thousands)
Securities available-for-sale (at fair value):
U.S. Treasury	$	26,155	3.40	%	$	379,234	3.02	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	405,389	3.05	%
Agency mortgage-backed securities		228	2.26	%		64,541	2.43	%		8,376	2.53	%		—	—	%		73,145	2.44	%
Total	$	26,383	3.39	%	$	443,775	2.94	%	$	8,376	2.53	%	$	—	—	%	$	478,534	2.96	%

Securities held-to-maturity (at amortized cost):
Agency mortgage-backed securities	$	153	2.49	%	$	75,938	2.16	%	$	518,664	1.77	%	$	70,924	1.93	%	$	665,679	1.83	%
Municipals — exempt from Federal tax (1)		6,783	3.69	%		5,308	3.37	%		24,198	3.29	%		1,841	3.61	%		38,130	3.39	%
Total	$	6,936	3.66	%	$	81,246	2.24	%	$	542,862	1.84	%	$	72,765	1.97	%	$	703,809	1.92	%

(1)	Reflects tax equivalent adjustment for Federal tax exempt income based on a 21% tax rate.

The securities portfolio serves the following purposes: (i) it provides a source of pledged assets for securing certain deposits and borrowed funds, as may be required by law or by specific agreement with a depositor or lender; (ii) it provides liquidity to even out cash flows from the loan and deposit activities of customers; (iii) it can be used as an interest rate risk management tool, since it provides a large base of assets, the maturity and interest rate characteristics of which can be changed more readily than the loan portfolio to better match changes in the deposit base and other funding sources of the Company; and (iv) it is an alternative interest-earning use of funds when loan demand is weak or when deposits grow more rapidly than loans.

The Company’s portfolio may include: (i) U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government sponsored entities’ debt securities for liquidity and pledging; (ii) mortgage-backed securities, which in many instances can also be used for pledging, and which generally enhance the yield of the portfolio; (iii) municipal obligations, which provide tax free income and limited pledging potential; (iv) single entity issue trust preferred securities, which generally enhance the yield on the portfolio; (v) corporate bonds, which also enhance the yield on the portfolio; (vi) money market mutual funds; (vii) certificates of deposit; (viii) commercial paper; (ix) bankers acceptances; (x) repurchase agreements; (xi) collateralized mortgage obligations; and (xii) asset-backed securities.

The Company classifies its securities as either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity at the time of purchase. Accounting guidance requires available-for-sale securities to be marked to fair value with an offset to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity. Monthly adjustments are made to reflect changes in

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the fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities. All other factors remaining the same, when market interest rates are increasing, the Company will experience a higher unrealized loss in the securities portfolio.

The pre-tax unrealized loss on U.S. Treasury securities available-for-sale at September 30, 2022 was ($10.1) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $11,000 at September 30, 2021. There were no U.S. Treasury securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2021. The pre-tax unrealized loss on mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale at September 30, 2022 was ($7.3) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $4.0 million at September 30, 2021, and a pre-tax unrealized gain of $2.9 million at December 31, 2021. The pre-tax unrealized loss on total securities available-for-sale at September 30, 2022 was ($17.4) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $4.0 million at September 30, 2021, and a pre-tax unrealized gain of $2.9 million at December 31, 2021.

The pre-tax unrealized loss on mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2022 was ($108.1) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $1.1 million at September 30, 2021, and a pre-tax unrealized loss ($1.6) million at December 31, 2021. The pre-tax unrealized loss on municipal bonds held-to-maturity at September 30, 2022 was ($2.1) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $989,000 at September 30, 2021, and a pre-tax unrealized gain of $805,000 at December 31, 2021. The pre-tax unrealized loss on total securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2022 was ($110.2) million, compared to a pre-tax unrealized gain of $2.1 million at September 30, 2021, and a pre-tax unrealized loss of ($790,000) at December 31, 2021.

During the third quarter of 2022, the Company purchased $163.0 million of U.S. Treasury securities available-for-sale, with a book yield of 3.50% and an average life of 1.83 years. During the first nine months of 2022, the Company purchased $414.0 million of U.S. Treasury securities available-for-sale, with a book yield of 3.04% and an average life of 2.28 years.

There were no purchases of securities held-to-maturity during the third quarter of 2022. During the first nine months of 2022, the Company purchased $119.4 million of agency mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity, with a book yield of 2.21% and an average life of 6.55 years.

The average life of the total investment securities portfolio was 5.18 years at September 30, 2022.

Loans

The Company’s loans represent the largest portion of invested assets, substantially greater than the securities portfolio or any other asset category, and the quality and diversification of the loan portfolio is an important consideration when reviewing the Company’s financial condition. Gross loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, represented 59% of total assets at September 30, 2022, represented 52% at September 30, 2021 and 56% at December 31, 2021. The loan to deposit ratio was 68.68% at September 30, 2022, compared to 59.94% at September 30, 2021, and 64.87% at December 31, 2021.

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Loan Distribution

The Loan Distribution table that follows sets forth the Company’s gross loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, outstanding and the percentage distribution in each category at the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2022				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2021
	Balance		% to Total		Balance		% to Total		Balance		% to Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	541,215	17	%	$	578,944	20	%	$	594,108	19	%
PPP loans⁽¹⁾		1,614	0	%		164,506	6	%		88,726	3	%
Real estate:
CRE - owner occupied		612,241	19	%		580,624	20	%		595,934	19	%
CRE - non-owner occupied		1,023,405	32	%		829,022	29	%		902,326	29	%
Land and construction		167,439	5	%		141,277	5	%		147,855	5	%
Home equity		116,489	3	%		106,690	4	%		109,579	4	%
Multifamily		229,455	7	%		205,952	7	%		218,856	7	%
Residential mortgages		508,839	16	%		211,467	8	%		416,660	13	%
Consumer and other		16,620	1	%		20,106	1	%		16,744	1	%
Total Loans		3,217,317	100	%		2,838,588	100	%		3,090,788	100	%
Deferred loan fees, net		(844)	—			(5,729)	—			(3,462)	—
Loans, net of deferred fees		3,216,473	100	%		2,832,859	100	%		3,087,326	100	%
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(46,921)				(43,680)				(43,290)
Loans, net	$	3,169,552			$	2,789,179			$	3,044,036

(1)

Less than 1% at September 30, 2022.

The Company’s loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial loans, (primarily manufacturing, wholesale, and services oriented entities), and CRE, with the remaining balance in land development and construction, home equity, purchased residential mortgages, and consumer loans. The Company does not have any concentrations by industry or group of industries in its loan portfolio, however, 82% of its gross loans were secured by real property at September 30, 2022, compared to 73% at September 30, 2021, and 77% at December 31, 2021. While no specific industry concentration is considered significant, the Company’s bank lending operations are substantially located in areas that are dependent on the technology and real estate industries and their supporting companies.

The Company has established concentration limits in its loan portfolio for CRE loans, commercial loans, construction loans and unsecured lending, among others. The Company uses underwriting guidelines to assess the borrower’s historical cash flow to determine debt service, and we further stress test the debt service under higher interest rate scenarios. Financial and performance covenants are used in commercial lending to allow the Company to react to a borrower’s deteriorating financial condition should that occur.

The Company’s commercial loans are made for working capital, financing the purchase of equipment or for other business purposes. Commercial loans include loans with maturities ranging from thirty days to one year and “term loans” with maturities normally ranging from one to five years. Short-term business loans are generally intended to finance current transactions and typically provide for periodic principal payments, with interest payable monthly. Term loans normally provide for floating interest rates, with monthly payments of both principal and interest.

The Company is an active participant in the SBA and U.S. Department of Agriculture guaranteed lending programs, and has been approved by the SBA as a lender under the Preferred Lender Program. The Company regularly makes such guaranteed loans (collectively referred to as “SBA loans”). The guaranteed portion of these loans is typically sold in the secondary market depending on market conditions. When the guaranteed portion of an SBA loan is sold, the Company retains the servicing rights for the sold portion. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, loans were sold resulting in a gain on sales of SBA loans of $491,000 and $1.2 million, respectively.

The Company’s factoring receivables are from the operations of Bay View Funding whose primary business is purchasing and collecting factored receivables. Factored receivables are receivables that have been transferred by the originating organization and typically have not been subject to previous collection efforts. These receivables are acquired from a variety of companies, including but not limited to service providers, transportation companies, manufacturers, distributors, wholesalers, apparel companies, advertisers, and temporary staffing companies. The portfolio of factored receivables is included in the Company’s commercial loan portfolio. The average life of the factored receivables was 39 days for the first nine months of 2022, compared to 36 days for the first nine months of 2021. The balance of the

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purchased receivables was $60.5 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $56.7 million at September 30, 2021, and $53.2 million at December 31, 2021.

The commercial loan portfolio, excluding PPP loans, decreased ($37.7) million, or (7%), to $541.2 million at September 30, 2022, from $578.9 million at September 30, 2021, and decreased ($52.9) million, or (9%), from $594.1 million at December 31, 2021. Commercial and industrial (“C&I”) line usage was 29% at September 30, 2022, compared to 27% at September 30, 2021, and 31% at December 31, 2021. In addition, the Company had $1.6 million in PPP loans at September 30, 2022, compared to $164.5 million at September 30, 2021, and $88.7 million at December 31, 2021.

The Company’s CRE loans consist primarily of loans based on the borrower’s cash flow and are secured by deeds of trust on commercial property to provide a secondary source of repayment. The Company generally restricts real estate term loans to no more than 75% of the property’s appraised value or the purchase price of the property depending on the type of property and its utilization. The Company offers both fixed and floating rate loans. Maturities for CRE loans are generally between five and ten years (with amortization ranging from fifteen to twenty five years and a balloon payment due at maturity), however, SBA and certain other real estate loans that can be sold in the secondary market may be granted for longer maturities.

The CRE owner-occupied loan portfolio increased $31.6 million, or 5%, to $612.2 million at September 30, 2022, from $580.6 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $16.3 million, or 3%, from $595.9 million at December 31, 2021. CRE non-owner occupied loans increased $194.4 million, or 23%, to $1,203.4 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $829.0 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $121.1 million, or 13% from $902.3 million at December 31, 2021. At September 30, 2022, 37% of the CRE loan portfolio was secured by owner-occupied real estate, compared to 41% at September 30, 2021, and 40% at December 31, 2021.

The Company’s land and construction loans are primarily to finance the development and construction of commercial and single family residential properties. The Company utilizes underwriting guidelines to assess the likelihood of repayment from sources such as sale of the property or availability of permanent mortgage financing prior to making the construction loan. Construction loans are provided only in our market area, and the Company has extensive controls for the disbursement process. Land and construction loans increased $26.1 million, or 19%, to $167.4 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $141.3 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $19.6 million, or 13%, from $147.8 million at December 31, 2021.

The Company makes home equity lines of credit available to its existing customers. Home equity lines of credit are underwritten initially with a maximum 75% loan to value ratio. Home equity lines of credit increased $9.8 million, or 9%, to $116.5 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $106.7 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $6.9 million, or 6%, from $109.6 million at December 31, 2021.

Multifamily loans increased $23.5 million, or 11%, to $229.4 million, at September 30, 2022, compared to $205.9 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $10.6 million, or 5%, from $218.9 million at December 31, 2021.

From time to time the Company has purchased single family residential mortgage loans. Residential mortgage loans increased $297.3 million, or 141%, to $508.8 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $211.5 million at September 30, 2021, and increased $92.1 million, or 22% from $416.7 million at December 31, 2021.

During the third quarter of 2022, the Company purchased single family residential mortgage loans totaling $73.5 million, tied to homes located in California, with average principal balances of approximately $1.0 million and a bond equivalent yield of approximately 5.24%, which uses the average life of the loan to recognize the discount into income. During the first nine months of 2022, the Company purchased single family residential mortgage loans totaling $148.0 million, tied to homes located in California, with average principal balances of approximately $915,000. Purchases of residential loans have been an attractive alternative for replacing mortgage-backed security paydowns in the investment securities portfolio.

Consumer and other loans decreased ($3.5) million, or (17%), to $16.6 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $20.1 million at September 30, 2021, and decreased ($124,000), or (1%) from $16.7 million at December 31, 2021.

Additionally, the Company makes consumer loans for the purpose of financing automobiles, various types of consumer goods, and other personal purposes. Consumer loans generally provide for the monthly payment of principal

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and interest. Most of the Company’s consumer loans are secured by the personal property being purchased or, in the instances of home equity loans or lines, real property.

With certain exceptions, state chartered banks are permitted to make extensions of credit to any one borrowing entity totaling up to 15% of the bank’s capital and reserves for unsecured loans and up to 25% of the bank’s capital and reserves for secured loans. For HBC, these lending limits were $100.6 million and $167.7 million at September 30, 2022, respectively.

Loan Maturities

The following table presents the maturity distribution of the Company’s loans (excluding loans held-for-sale) as of September 30, 2022. The table shows the distribution of such loans between those loans with predetermined (fixed) interest rates and those with variable (floating) interest rates. Floating rates generally fluctuate with changes in the prime rate as reflected in the Western Edition of The Wall Street Journal. As of September 30, 2022, approximately 34% of the Company’s loan portfolio consisted of floating interest rate loans.


			Over One
	Due in		Year But
	One Year		Less than		Over
	or Less		Five Years		Five Years		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	295,691	$	187,435	$	58,089	$	541,215
PPP loans		—		1,614		—		1,614
Real estate:
CRE - owner occupied		31,446		130,132		450,663		612,241
CRE - non-owner occupied		23,556		264,883		734,966		1,023,405
Land and construction		151,535		10,184		5,720		167,439
Home equity		116,489		—		—		116,489
Multifamily		16,336		80,494		132,625		229,455
Residential mortgages		1,822		21,042		485,975		508,839
Consumer and other		10,302		4,721		1,597		16,620
Loans	$	647,177	$	700,505	$	1,869,635	$	3,217,317

Loans with variable interest rates	$	580,889	$	251,111	$	273,108	$	1,105,108
PPP loans with fixed interest rates		—		1,614		—		1,614
Other loans with fixed interest rates		66,288		447,780		1,596,527		2,110,595
Loans	$	647,177	$	700,505	$	1,869,635	$	3,217,317

Loan Servicing

As of September 30, 2022 and 2021, $67.9 million and $72.6 million, respectively, in SBA loans were serviced by the Company for others. Activity for loan servicing rights was as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	562	$	528	$	655	$	531
Additions		81		127		124		268
Amortization		(56)		(65)		(192)		(209)
End of period balance	$	587	$	590	$	587	$	590

Loan servicing rights are included in accrued interest receivable and other assets on the unaudited consolidated balance sheets and reported net of amortization. There was no valuation allowance as of September 30, 2022 and 2021, as the fair value of the assets was greater than the carrying value.

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Activity for the I/O strip receivable was as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	173	$	274	$	221	$	305
Unrealized holding gain loss		(2)		(28)		(50)		(59)
End of period balance	$	171	$	246	$	171	$	246

Credit Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Financial institutions generally have a certain level of exposure to credit quality risk, and could potentially receive less than a full return of principal and interest if a debtor becomes unable or unwilling to repay. Since loans are the most significant assets of the Company and generate the largest portion of its revenues, the Company’s management of credit quality risk is focused primarily on loan quality. Banks have generally suffered their most severe earnings declines as a result of customers’ inability to generate sufficient cash flow to service their debts, downturns in national and regional economies and declines in overall asset values including real estate collateral values. In addition, certain debt securities that the Company may purchase have the potential of declining in value if the obligor’s financial capacity to repay deteriorates.

The Company’s policies and procedures identify market segments, set goals for portfolio growth or contraction, and establish limits on industry and geographic credit concentrations. In addition, these policies establish the Company’s underwriting standards and the methods of monitoring ongoing credit quality. The Company’s internal credit risk controls are centered in underwriting practices, credit granting procedures, training, risk management techniques, and familiarity with loan customers as well as the relative diversity and geographic concentration of our loan portfolio.

The Company’s credit risk may also be affected by external factors such as the level of interest rates, employment, general economic conditions, real estate values, and trends in particular industries or geographic markets. As an independent community bank serving a specific geographic area, the Company must contend with the unpredictable changes in the general California market and, particularly, primary local markets. The Company’s asset quality has suffered in the past from the impact of national and regional economic recessions, consumer bankruptcies, and depressed real estate values.

Nonperforming assets are comprised of the following: loans for which the Company is no longer accruing interest; restructured loans which have been current under six months; loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest (although they are generally placed on nonaccrual when they become 90 days past due, unless they are both well-secured and in the process of collection); and foreclosed assets. Past due loans 30 days or greater totaled $10.1 million and $5.0 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of which $125,000 and $1.3 million were on nonaccrual. At September 30, 2022, there were also $366,000 loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment. At December 31, 2021, there were also $2.2 million loans less than 30 days past due included in nonaccrual loans held-for-investment.

Management’s classification of a loan as “nonaccrual” is an indication that there is reasonable doubt as to the full recovery of principal or interest on the loan. At that point, the Company stops accruing interest income, and reverses any uncollected interest that had been accrued as income. The Company begins recognizing interest income only as cash interest payments are received and it has been determined the collection of all outstanding principal is not in doubt. The loans may or may not be collateralized, and collection efforts are pursued on all nonaccrual loans. Loans may be restructured by management when a borrower has experienced some change in financial status causing an inability to meet the original repayment terms and where the Company believes the borrower will eventually overcome those circumstances and make full restitution. Foreclosed assets consist of properties acquired by foreclosure or similar means that management is offering or will offer for sale.

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The following table summarizes the Company’s nonperforming assets at the dates indicated:


	September 30,						December 31,
	2022			2021			2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans — held-for-investment	$	491		$	4,091		$	3,460
Restructured and loans 90 days past due and
still accruing		545			642			278
Total nonperforming loans		1,036			4,733			3,738
Foreclosed assets		—			—			—
Total nonperforming assets	$	1,036		$	4,733		$	3,738

Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans
plus foreclosed assets		0.03	%		0.17	%		0.12	%
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets		0.02	%		0.09	%		0.07	%

Nonperforming assets were $1.0 million, or 0.02% of total assets, at September 30, 2022, compared to $4.7 million, or 0.09% of total assets, at September 30, 2021, and $3.7 million, or 0.07% of total assets, at December 31, 2021.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of nonperforming loans and loans past due over 90 days and still accruing at the periods indicated:



	September 30, 2022
					Restructured
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual		and Loans
	with no Special		with Special		over 90 Days
	Allowance for		Allowance for		Past Due
	Credit		Credit		and Still
	Losses		Losses		Accruing		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	137	$	354	$	493	$	984
Real estate:
CRE - Owner Occupied		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		52		52
Total	$	137	$	354	$	545	$	1,036


	December 31, 2021
					Restructured
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual		and Loans
	with no Special		with Special		over 90 Days
	Allowance for		Allowance for		Past Due
	Credit		Credit		and Still
	Losses		Losses		Accruing		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	94	$	1,028	$	278	$	1,400
Real estate:
CRE - Owner Occupied		1,126		—		—		1,126
Home equity		84		—		—		84
Multifamily		1,128		—		—		1,128
Total	$	2,432	$	1,028	$	278	$	3,738

Loans with a well-defined weakness, which are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain a loss if the deficiencies are not corrected, are categorized as “classified.” Classified loans include all loans considered as substandard, substandard-nonaccrual, and doubtful and may result from problems specific to a borrower’s business or from economic downturns that affect the borrower’s ability to repay or that cause a decline in the value of the underlying collateral (particularly real estate). Loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value, and are not allocated an allowance for loan losses.

The amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent commercial loans collateralized by business assets totaled $354,000 and $1.0 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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Classified loans decreased to $28.6 million, or 0.53% of total assets, at September 30, 2022, compared to $31.9 million, or 0.58% of total assets, at September 30, 2021, and $33.7 million, or 0.61% of total assets at December 31, 2021.

In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed in accordance with the Company’s underwriting policy.

Beginning January 1, 2020, the ACLL is calculated by using the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. The ACLL estimation process involves procedures to appropriately consider the unique characteristics of loan portfolio segments. These segments are further disaggregated into loan classes, the level at which credit risk is monitored. When computing the level of expected credit losses, credit loss assumptions are estimated using a model that categorizes loan pools based on loss history, delinquency status, and other credit trends and risk characteristics, including current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In future periods, evaluations of the overall loan portfolio in light of the factors and forecasts then prevailing, may result in significant changes in the allowance and credit loss expense in those future periods.

The allowance level is influenced by loan volumes, loan risk rating migration or delinquency status, changes in historical loss experience, and other conditions influencing loss expectations, such as reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions. The methodology for estimating the amount of expected credit losses reported in the allowance for credit losses has two basic components: first, an asset-specific component involving individual loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans and the measurement of expected credit losses for such individual loans; and second, a pooled component for estimated expected credit losses for pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics.

Loans are charged-off against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses on loans.

The following provides a summary of the risks associated with various segments of the Company’s loan portfolio, which are factors management regularly considers when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance:

Commercial

Commercial loans primarily rely on the identified cash flows of the borrower for repayment and secondarily on the value of underlying collateral provided by the borrower. However, the cash flows of the borrowers may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may vary in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or on other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory or equipment and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some loans may be unsecured. Included in commercial loans are $1.6 million of PPP loans at September 30, 2022, $164.5 million at September 30, 2021, and $88.7 million at December 31, 2021. No allowance for credit losses has been recorded for PPP loans as they are fully guaranteed by the SBA at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

CRE

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50% occupied by the borrower or borrower affiliate. CRE loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy.

Land and Construction

Home Equity

Multifamily

Residential Mortgages

Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family residences which are generally owner-occupied. Repayment of these loans depends primarily on the personal income of the borrower and secondarily by the value of the property securing the loan which can be impacted by changes in economic conditions such as the unemployment rate and property values.

Consumer and Other

Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

As a result of the matters mentioned above, changes in the financial condition of individual borrowers, economic conditions, historical loss experience and the condition of the various markets in which collateral may be sold may all affect the required level of the allowance for credit losses on loans and the associated provision for credit losses on loans.

On an ongoing basis, we have engaged an outside firm to perform independent credit reviews of our loan portfolio. The Federal Reserve Board and the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (“DFPI”) also review the allowance for credit losses on loans as an integral part of the examination process. Based on information currently available, management believes that the allowance for credit losses on loans is adequate. However, the loan portfolio can be adversely affected if California economic conditions and the real estate market in the Company’s market area were to weaken further. Also, any weakness of a prolonged nature in the technology industry would have a negative impact on the local market. The effect of such events, although uncertain at this time, could result in an increase in the level of nonperforming loans and increased loan losses, which could adversely affect the Company’s future growth and profitability. No assurance of the ultimate level of credit losses can be given with any certainty.

Changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans were as follows for the periods indicated:

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	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgages		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	6,602	$	6,009	$	21,474	$	2,498	$	695	$	2,824	$	5,232	$	156	$	45,490
Charge-offs		(7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(7)
Recoveries		202		4		—		—		26		—		—		200		432
Net recoveries		195		4		—		—		26		—		—		200		425
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		302		(96)		(416)		(7)		(36)		406		1,077		(224)		1,006
End of period balance	$	7,099	$	5,917	$	21,058	$	2,491	$	685	$	3,230	$	6,309	$	132	$	46,921


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgages		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	10,857	$	8,206	$	16,485	$	2,136	$	1,069	$	2,950	$	1,968	$	285	$	43,956
Charge-offs		(65)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(65)
Recoveries		263		4		—		—		36		—		—		—		303
Net (charge-offs) recoveries		198		4		—		—		36		—		—		—		238
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(822)		57		665		(112)		(94)		(61)		(97)		(50)		(514)
End of period balance	$	10,233	$	8,267	$	17,150	$	2,024	$	1,011	$	2,889	$	1,871	$	235	$	43,680


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgages		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	8,414	$	7,954	$	17,125	$	1,831	$	864	$	2,796	$	4,132	$	174	$	43,290
Charge-offs		(378)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(378)
Recoveries		335		11		—		—		81		—		—		3,324		3,751
Net recoveries		(43)		11		—		—		81		—		—		3,324		3,373
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(1,272)		(2,048)		3,933		660		(260)		434		2,177		(3,366)		258
End of period balance	$	7,099	$	5,917	$	21,058	$	2,491	$	685	$	3,230	$	6,309	$	132	$	46,921


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
			CRE		CRE
			Owner		Non-owner		Land &		Home		Multi-		Residential		Consumer
	Commercial		Occupied		Occupied		Construction		Equity		Family		Mortgages		and Other		Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning of period balance	$	11,587	$	8,560	$	16,416	$	2,509	$	1,297	$	2,804	$	943	$	284	$	44,400
Charge-offs		(433)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(433)
Recoveries		1,191		12		—		884		75		—		—		70		2,232
Net (charge-offs) recoveries		758		12		—		884		75		—		—		70		1,799
Provision for (recapture of) credit losses on loans		(2,112)		(305)		734		(1,369)		(361)		85		928		(119)		(2,519)
End of period balance	$	10,233	$	8,267	$	17,150	$	2,024	$	1,011	$	2,889	$	1,871	$	235	$	43,680

The increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021, was primarily attributed to a net increase of $3.9 million in the reserve for pooled loans, driven by a deterioration in forecasted macroeconomic conditions and an increase in the loan portfolio, partially offset by a $671,000 decrease in specific reserves for individually evaluated loans.

The increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily attributed to a net increase of $4.1 million in the reserve for pooled loans, driven by deterioration in forecasted macroeconomic conditions and an increase in the loan portfolio, partially offset by a $483,000 decrease in specific reserves for individually evaluated loans compared to December 31, 2021.

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The following table provides a summary of the allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans by class at the dates indicated. The allocation presented should not be interpreted as an indication that charges to the allowance for credit losses on loans will be incurred in these amounts or proportions, or that the portion of the allowance allocated to each category represents the total amount available for charge-offs that may occur within these classes.


	September 30,
	2022				2021				December 31, 2021
			Percent				Percent				Percent
			of Loans				of Loans				of Loans
			in each				in each				in each
			category				category				category
			to total				to total				to total
	Allowance		loans		Allowance		loans		Allowance		loans

	(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	7,099	17	%	$	10,233	26	%	$	8,414	22	%
Real estate:
CRE - owner occupied		5,917	19	%		8,267	20	%		7,954	19	%
CRE - non-owner occupied		21,058	32	%		17,150	29	%		17,125	29	%
Land and construction		2,491	5	%		2,024	5	%		1,831	5	%
Home equity		685	3	%		1,011	4	%		864	4	%
Multifamily		3,230	7	%		2,889	7	%		2,796	7	%
Residential mortgages		6,309	16	%		1,871	8	%		4,132	13	%
Consumer and other		132	1	%		235	1	%		174	1	%
Total	$	46,921	100	%	$	43,680	100	%	$	43,290	100	%

The ACLL totaled $46.9 million, or 1.46% of total loans at September 30, 2022, compared to $43.7 million, or 1.54% of total loans at September 30, 2021, and $43.3 million, or 1.40% of total loans at December 31, 2021. The ACLL was 4,529.05% of nonperforming loans at September 30, 2022, compared to 922.88% of nonperforming loans at September 30, 2021, and 1,158.11% of nonperforming loans at December 31, 2021. The Company had net recoveries of $425,000, or (0.05%) of average loans, for the third quarter of 2022, compared to net recoveries of $238,000 or (0.03%) of average loans, for the third quarter of 2021, and net recoveries of $225,000, or (0.03%) of average loans for the fourth quarter of 2021.

The following table shows the drivers of change in ACLL under CECL for first three quarters of 2022:


Drivers of Change in ACLL Under CECL	(Dollars in thousands)
ACLL at December 31, 2021	$	43,290
Portfolio changes during the first quarter of 2022
including net recoveries		(33)
Qualitative and quantitative changes during the first
quarter of 2022 including changes in economic forecasts		(469)
ACLL at March 31, 2022		42,788
Portfolio changes during the second quarter of 2022
including net recoveries		1,383
Qualitative and quantitative changes during the second
quarter of 2022 including changes in economic forecasts		1,319
ACLL at June 30, 2022		45,490
Portfolio changes during the third quarter of 2022
including net recoveries		2,009
Qualitative and quantitative changes during the third
quarter of 2022 including changes in economic forecasts		(578)
ACLL at September 30, 2022	$	46,921

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Leases

The Company recognizes the following for all leases, at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. While the new standard impacts lessors and lessees, the Company is impacted as a lessee of the offices and real estate used for operations. The Company's lease agreements include options to renew at the Company's discretion. The extensions are not reasonably certain to be exercised, therefore it was not considered in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Total assets and total liabilities were $32.9 million on its consolidated statement of financial condition at September 30, 2022, as a result of recognizing right-of-use assets, included in other assets, and lease liabilities, included in other liabilities, related to non-cancelable operating lease agreements for office space.

Deposits

The composition and cost of the Company’s deposit base are important components in analyzing the Company’s net interest margin and balance sheet liquidity characteristics, both of which are discussed in greater detail in other sections herein. The Company’s liquidity is impacted by the volatility of deposits from the propensity of that money to leave the institution for rate-related or other reasons. Deposits can be adversely affected if economic conditions weaken in California, and the Company’s market area in particular. Potentially, the most volatile deposits in a financial institution are jumbo certificates of deposit, meaning time deposits with balances that equal or exceed $250,000, as customers with balances of that magnitude are typically more rate-sensitive than customers with smaller balances.

The following table summarizes the distribution of deposits and the percentage of distribution in each category of deposits for the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2022				September 30, 2021				December 31, 2021
	Balance		% to Total		Balance		% to Total		Balance		% to Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Demand, noninterest-bearing	$	1,883,574	40	%	$	1,804,965	38	%	$	1,903,768	40	%
Demand, interest-bearing		1,154,403	24	%		1,141,944	24	%		1,308,114	27	%
Savings and money market		1,487,400	32	%		1,600,754	34	%		1,375,825	29	%
Time deposits — under $250		34,728	1	%		39,628	1	%		38,734	1	%
Time deposits — $250 and over		93,263	2	%		103,046	2	%		94,700	2	%
CDARS — interest-bearing demand,
money market and time deposits		29,897	1	%		36,044	1	%		38,271	1	%
Total deposits	$	4,683,265	100	%	$	4,726,381	100	%	$	4,759,412	100	%

The Company obtains deposits from a cross-section of the communities it serves. The Company’s business is not generally seasonal in nature. Public funds were less than 1% of deposits at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

At September 30, 2022, the $29.9 million CDARS deposits comprised $26.0 million of interest-bearing demand deposits, $399,000 of money market accounts and $3.5 million of time deposits. At September 30, 2021, the $36.0 million CDARS deposits comprised $28.6 million of interest-bearing demand deposits, $942,000 of money market accounts and $6.5 million of time deposits. At December 31, 2021, the $38.3 million CDARS deposits comprised $30.9 million of interest-bearing demand deposits, $1.0 million of money market accounts and $6.4 million of time deposits.

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The following table indicates the contractual maturity schedule of the Company’s uninsured time deposits in excess of $250,000 as of September 30, 2022:


	Balance		% of Total

	(Dollars in thousands)
Three months or less	$	23,724	39	%
Over three months through six months		8,667	14	%
Over six months through twelve months		23,345	39	%
Over twelve months		4,528	8	%
Total	$	60,264	100	%

The Company focuses primarily on providing and servicing business deposit accounts that are frequently over $250,000 in average balance per account. As a result, certain types of business clients that the Company serves typically carry average deposits in excess of $250,000. The account activity for some account types and client types necessitates appropriate liquidity management practices by the Company to help ensure its ability to fund deposit withdrawals.

Return on Equity and Assets

The following table indicates the ratios for return on average assets and average equity, and average equity to average assets for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Return on average assets	1.31	%	1.06	%	1.13	%	0.90	%
Return on average tangible assets	1.36	%	1.10	%	1.17	%	0.94	%
Return on average equity	11.72	%	9.29	%	10.12	%	7.74	%
Return on average tangible equity	16.60	%	13.49	%	14.41	%	11.29	%
Average equity to average assets ratio	11.19	%	11.40	%	11.17	%	11.68	%

Liquidity and Asset/Liability Management

The Company’s liquidity position supports its ability to maintain cash flows sufficient to fund operations, meet all of its financial obligations and commitments, and accommodate unexpected sudden changes in balances of loans and deposits in a timely manner. At various times the Company requires funds to meet short term cash requirements brought about by loan growth or deposit outflows, the purchase of assets, or repayment of liabilities. An integral part of the Company’s ability to manage its liquidity position appropriately is derived from its large base of core deposits which are generated by offering traditional banking services in its service area and which have historically been a stable source of funds.

The Company manages liquidity to be able to meet unexpected sudden changes in levels of its assets or deposit liabilities without maintaining excessive amounts of balance sheet liquidity. Excess balance sheet liquidity can negatively impact the Company’s net interest margin. In order to meet short term liquidity needs the Company utilizes overnight Federal funds purchase arrangements and other borrowing arrangements with correspondent banks, solicits brokered deposits if cost effective deposits are not available from local sources, and maintains collateralized lines of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”). In addition, the Company can raise cash for temporary needs by selling securities under agreements to repurchase and selling securities available for sale.

One of the measures of liquidity is the loan to deposit ratio. The loan to deposit ratio was 68.68% at September 30, 2022, compared to 59.94% at September 30, 2021, and 64.87% at December 31, 2021.

FHLB and FRB Borrowings and Available Lines of Credit

HBC has off-balance sheet liquidity in the form of Federal funds purchase arrangements with correspondent banks, including the FHLB and FRB. HBC can borrow from the FHLB on a short-term (typically overnight) or long-term (over one year) basis. HBC had no overnight borrowings from the FHLB at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021. HBC had $259.7 million of loans and $1.1 million of securities pledged to the FHLB as collateral on an available line of credit of $174.8 million at September 30, 2022, none of which was outstanding.

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HBC can also borrow from the FRB’s discount window. HBC had $973.0 million of loans pledged to the FRB as collateral on an available line of credit of $663.9 million at September 30, 2022, none of which was outstanding.

At September 30, 2022, HBC had Federal funds purchased arrangements available of $90.0 million. There were no Federal funds purchased outstanding at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

The Company has a $20.0 million line of credit with a correspondent bank, of which none was outstanding at September 30, 2022.

HBC may also utilize securities sold under repurchase agreements to manage its liquidity position. There were no securities sold under agreements to repurchase at September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

Capital Resources

The Company uses a variety of measures to evaluate capital adequacy. Management reviews various capital measurements on a regular basis and takes appropriate action to ensure that such measurements are within established internal and external guidelines. The external guidelines, which are issued by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC, establish a risk adjusted ratio relating capital to different categories of assets and off balance sheet exposures.

On May 11, 2022, the Company completed a private placement offering of $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due May 15, 2032 (“Sub Debt due 2032”). The Company used the net proceeds of the Sub Debt due 2032 for general corporate purposes, including the repayment on June 1, 2022 of the Company’s $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due June 1, 2027 (“Sub Debt due 2027”). The Sub Debt due 2032, net of unamortized issuance costs of $688,000, totaled $39.3 million at September 30, 2022, and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for the Company under the guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Bank

On May 26, 2017, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of its Sub Debt due 2027. The Sub Debt due 2027 had a fixed interest rate of 5.25% per year through June 1, 2022. On June 1, 2022, the Company completed the redemption of all of its outstanding $40.0 million of Sub Debt due 2027, prior to resetting to a floating rate. The Sub Debt due 2027 was redeemed pursuant to the terms of the Subordinated Indenture, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, each dated as of May 26, 2017, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, at the redemption price of 100% of its principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest of $1.1 million.

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The following table summarizes risk-based capital, risk-weighted assets, and risk-based capital ratios of the consolidated Company under the Basel III requirements for the periods indicated:


	September 30,			September 30,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Capital components:
Common Equity Tier 1 capital	$	459,504		$	425,834		$	433,488
Additional Tier 1 capital		—			—			—
Tier 1 Capital		459,504			425,834			433,488
Tier 2 Capital		78,568			73,106			72,721
Total Capital	$	538,072		$	498,940		$	506,209

Risk-weighted assets	$	3,702,514		$	3,299,938		$	3,521,058
Average assets for capital purposes	$	5,287,639		$	4,947,495		$	5,504,834

Capital ratios:
Total Capital		14.5	%		15.1	%		14.4	%
Tier 1 Capital		12.4	%		12.9	%		12.3	%
Common equity Tier 1 Capital		12.4	%		12.9	%		12.3	%
Tier 1 Leverage(1)		8.7	%		8.6	%		7.9	%

(1)	Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average assets (excluding intangible assets and disallowed deferred tax assets).

The following table summarizes risk based capital, risk-weighted assets, and risk-based capital ratios of HBC under the Basel III requirements for the periods indicated:


	September 30,			September 30,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Capital components:
Common Equity Tier 1 capital	$	477,203		$	443,947		$	451,586
Additional Tier 1 capital		—			—			—
Tier 1 Capital		477,203			443,947			451,586
Tier 2 Capital		39,257			33,228			32,796
Total Capital	$	516,460		$	477,175		$	484,382

Risk-weighted assets	$	3,700,320		$	3,297,729		$	3,518,391
Average assets for capital purposes	$	5,285,435		$	4,945,289		$	5,502,185

Capital ratios:
Total Capital		14.0	%		14.5	%		13.8	%
Tier 1 Capital		12.9	%		13.5	%		12.8	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital		12.9	%		13.5	%		12.8	%
Tier 1 Leverage(1)		9.0	%		9.0	%		8.2	%

(1)	Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average assets (excluding intangible assets and disallowed deferred tax assets).

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The following table presents the applicable well-capitalized regulatory guidelines and the standards for minimum capital adequacy requirements under Basel III and the regulatory guidelines for a “well–capitalized” financial institution under Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”):




			Well-capitalized
			Financial
	Minimum		Institution PCA
	Regulatory		Regulatory
	Requirement(1)		Guidelines
Capital ratios:
Total Capital	10.5	%	10.0	%
Tier 1 Capital	8.5	%	8.0	%
Common equity Tier 1 Capital	7.0	%	6.5	%
Tier 1 Leverage	4.0	%	5.0	%

(1)	Includes 2.5% capital conservation buffer, except the leverage capital ratio.

The Basel III capital rules introduced a new “capital conservation buffer,” for banking organizations to maintain a common equity Tier 1 ratio more than 2.5% above these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Banking institutions with a ratio of common equity Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum but below the capital conservation buffer will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall.

At September 30, 2022, the Company’s consolidated capital ratio exceeded regulatory guidelines and HBC’s capital ratios exceed the highest regulatory capital requirement of “well-capitalized” under Basel III prompt corrective action provisions. Quantitative measures established by regulation to help ensure capital adequacy require the Company and HBC to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total risk-based capital, Tier 1 capital, and common equity Tier 1 (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (as defined). Management believes that, as of September 30, 2022, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021, the Company and HBC met all capital adequacy guidelines to which they were subject.

At September 30, 2022, the Company had total shareholders’ equity of $609.5 million, compared to $590.1 million at September 30, 2021, and $598.0 million at December 31, 2021. At September 30, 2022, total shareholders’ equity included $501.2 million in common stock, $133.5 million in retained earnings, and ($25.2) million of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The book value per share was $10.04 at September 30, 2022, compared to $9.79 at September 30, 2021, and $9.91 at December 31, 2021. The tangible book value per share was $7.09 at September 30, 2022, compared to $6.77 at September 30, 2021, and $6.91 at December 31, 2021.

The following table reflects the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, for the periods indicated:


	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	2022		2021		2021

	(Dollars in thousands)
Unrealized (loss) gain on securities available-for-sale	$	(12,398)	$	1,991	$	2,435
Remaining unamortized unrealized gain on securities
available-for-sale transferred to held-to-maturity		—		—		234
Split dollar insurance contracts liability		(5,511)		(5,480)		(6,143)
Supplemental executive retirement plan liability		(7,428)		(7,669)		(8,411)
Unrealized gain on interest-only strip from SBA loans		125		162		179
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(25,212)	$	(10,996)	$	(11,706)

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss of future earnings, fair values, or future cash flows that may result from changes in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market risk sensitive instruments. Market risk is attributed to all market risk sensitive financial instruments, including securities,

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loans, deposits and borrowings, as well as the Company’s role as a financial intermediary in customer-related transactions. The objective of market risk management is to avoid excessive exposure of the Company’s earnings and equity to loss and to reduce the volatility inherent in certain financial instruments. The Company’s exposure to market risk is reviewed on a regular basis by the Management’s Asset/Liability Committee and the Director’s Strategic Initiatives, Finance and Investment Committee.

Interest Rate Management

The Company’s market risk exposure is primarily that of interest rate risk, and it has established policies and procedures to monitor and limit earnings and balance sheet exposure to changes in interest rates. The Company does not engage in the trading of financial instruments, nor does the Company have exposure to currency exchange rates.

The principal objective of interest rate risk management (often referred to as “asset/liability management”) is to manage the financial components of the Company in a manner that will optimize the risk/reward equation for earnings and capital in relation to changing interest rates. Interest rate risk is the potential of economic losses due to future interest rate changes. These economic losses can be reflected as a loss of future net interest income and/or a loss of current fair market values. The objective is to measure the effect on net interest income and to adjust the balance sheet to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximizing income. Management realizes certain risks are inherent, and that the goal is to identify and manage the risks. Management uses two methodologies to manage interest rate risk: (i) a standard GAP analysis; and (ii) an interest rate shock simulation model.

The planning of asset and liability maturities is an integral part of the management of an institution’s net interest margin. To the extent maturities of assets and liabilities do not match in a changing interest rate environment, the net interest margin may change over time. Even with perfectly matched repricing of assets and liabilities, risks remain in the form of prepayment of loans or securities or in the form of delays in the adjustment of rates of interest applying to either earning assets with floating rates or to interest-bearing liabilities.

Interest rate changes do not affect all categories of assets and liabilities equally or at the same time. Varying interest rate environments can create unexpected changes in prepayment levels of assets and liabilities, which may have a significant effect on the net interest margin and are not reflected in the interest sensitivity analysis table. Because of these factors, an interest sensitivity GAP report may not provide a complete assessment of the exposure to changes in interest rates.

The Company uses modeling software for asset/liability management in order to simulate the effects of potential interest rate changes on the Company’s net interest margin, and to calculate the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments under different interest rate scenarios. The program imports current balances, interest rates, maturity dates and repricing information for individual financial instruments, and incorporates assumptions on the characteristics of embedded options along with pricing and duration for new volumes to project the effects of a given interest rate change on the Company’s interest income and interest expense. Rate scenarios consisting of key rate and yield curve projections are run against the Company’s investment, loan, deposit and borrowed funds’ portfolios. These rate projections can be shocked (an immediate and parallel change in all base rates, up or down) and ramped (an incremental increase or decrease in rates over a specified time period), based on current trends and econometric models or stable economic conditions (unchanged from current actual levels).

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The following table sets forth the estimated changes in the Company’s annual net interest income that would result from the designated instantaneous parallel shift in interest rates noted, as of September 30, 2022:


	Increase/(Decrease) in
	Estimated Net
	Interest Income⁽¹⁾
	Amount		Percent

	(Dollars in thousands)
Change in Interest Rates (basis points)
+400	$	33,788	16.2	%
+300	$	25,318	12.1	%
+200	$	16,899	8.1	%
+100	$	8,479	4.1	%
0		—	—
−100	$	(16,828)	(8.1)	%
−200	$	(35,111)	(16.8)	%
−300	$	(53,144)	(25.5)	%

(1)

Computations of prospective effects of hypothetical interest rate changes are based on numerous assumptions including relative levels of market interest rates, loan prepayments and deposit decay, and should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results. Actual rates paid on deposits may differ from the hypothetical interest rates modeled due to competitive or market factors, which could reduce any actual impact on net interest income.

As with any method of gauging interest rate risk, there are certain shortcomings inherent to the methodology noted above. The model assumes interest rate changes are instantaneous parallel shifts in the yield curve. In reality, rate changes are rarely instantaneous. The use of the simplifying assumption that short-term and long-term rates change by the same degree may also misstate historic rate patterns, which rarely show parallel yield curve shifts. Further, the model assumes that certain assets and liabilities of similar maturity or period to repricing will react in the same way to changes in rates. In reality, certain types of financial instruments may react in advance of changes in market rates, while the reaction of other types of financial instruments may lag behind the change in general market rates. Additionally, the methodology noted above does not reflect the full impact of annual and lifetime restrictions on changes in rates for certain assets, such as adjustable rate loans. When interest rates change, actual loan prepayments and actual early withdrawals from certificates may deviate significantly from the assumptions used in the model. Finally, this methodology does not measure or reflect the impact that higher rates may have on adjustable-rate loan clients’ ability to service their debt. All of these factors are considered in monitoring the Company’s exposure to interest rate risk.

ITEM 3—QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information concerning quantitative and qualitative disclosure or market risk called for by Item 305 of Regulation S-K is included as part of Item 2 above.

ITEM 4—CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Control and Procedures

The Company has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2022. As defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis. Disclosure controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded the Company’s disclosure controls were effective at September 30, 2022, the period covered by this report on Form 10-Q.

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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Part II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1—LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We evaluate all claims and lawsuits with respect to their potential merits, our potential defenses and counterclaims, settlement or litigation potential and the expected effect on us. The outcome of any claims or litigation, regardless of the merits, is inherently uncertain. Any claims and other lawsuits, and the disposition of such claims and lawsuits, whether through settlement or litigation, could be time-consuming and expensive to resolve, divert our attention from executing our business plan, result in efforts to enjoin our activities, and lead to attempts by third parties to seek similar claims.

For more information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 13 “Commitments and Loss Contingencies” to the consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1A—RISK FACTORS

A discussion of risk factors affecting us as is set forth in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors, on pages 24 – 50 of our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The discussion of risk factors provides a description of some of the important risk factors that could affect our actual results and could cause our results to vary materially from those expressed in public statements or documents. However, other factors besides those included in the discussion of risk factors, or discussed elsewhere in any of our reports filed with or furnished to the SEC could affect our business or results. The readers should not consider any description of such factors to be a complete set of all potential risks that we may face.

ITEM 2—UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None

ITEM 3—DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4—MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None

ITEM 5—OTHER INFORMATION

None

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ITEM 6—EXHIBITS


Exhibit		Description
3.1		Heritage Commerce Corp Restated Articles of Incorporation, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 16, 2009)
3.2		Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Heritage Commerce Corp as filed with the California Secretary of State on June 1, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed July 23, 2010).
3.3		Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation of Heritage Commerce Corp as filed with the Secretary of State on August 29, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 11, 2019)
3.4		Heritage Commerce Corp Bylaws, as amended (incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 28, 2013)
31.1		Certification of Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2		Certification of Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1		Certification of Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2		Certification of Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104.		The cover page from Heritage Commerce Corp's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Heritage Commerce Corp (Registrant)

Date: November 4, 2022	/s/ Robertson clay jones
	Robertson Clay Jones
	Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 4, 2022	/s/ Lawrence D. mcgovern
	Lawrence D. McGovern
	Chief Financial Officer