Heritage Global Inc. - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR
15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR
THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
Commission
File No. 0-17973
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC.
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Florida
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59-2291344
|
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(State
or Other Jurisdiction
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
|
|
of
Incorporation or Organization)
|
Identification
No.)
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3200
- 40 King St. West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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M5H
3Y2
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(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
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(Zip
Code)
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(416)
866-3000
(Registrant’s
Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common
Stock, $0.01 par value.
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes
£
No
R
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes
£
No
R
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes R
No
£
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
Form 10-K. £
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the
Exchange Act).
Large
Accelerated Filer £
Accelerated Filer £ Non-Accelerated
Filer R
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2
of
the Exchange Act). Yes £
No
R
The
aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates based upon the
closing price of $0.40 per share on June 29, 2007, as reported by the OTC -
Bulletin Board, was approximately $692,000.
As
of
February 26, 2008, there were 23,095,170 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par
value, outstanding.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
PAGE
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||||
PART
I
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||||
Item
1.
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Business.
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3
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||
Item
1A.
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Risk
Factors
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9
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||
Item
1B.
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Unresolved
Staff Comments
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11
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Item
2.
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Properties.
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11
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||
Item
3.
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Legal
Proceedings.
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11
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||
Item
4.
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Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
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12
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PART
II
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||||
Item
5.
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Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities.
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13
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Item
6.
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Selected
Financial Data.
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16
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Item
7.
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Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
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17
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||
Item
7A.
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Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
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25
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||
Item
8.
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Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data.
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25
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||
Item
9.
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Changes
In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure.
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25
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Item
9A(T).
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Controls
and Procedures.
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25
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Item
9B.
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Other
Information.
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26
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PART
III
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||||
Item
10.
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Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
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27
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Item
11.
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Executive
Compensation.
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30
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Item
12.
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Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
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38
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Item
13.
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Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence.
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39
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Item
14.
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Principal
Accountant Fees and Services.
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41
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PART
IV
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||||
Item
15.
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Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules.
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43
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2
PART
I
(All
dollar amounts are presented in thousands of U.S. dollars (“USD”), unless
otherwise indicated, except per share amounts)
Item
1. Business.
Overview
and Recent Developments
C2
Global
Technologies Inc. (“C2” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of
Florida in 1983 under the name “MedCross, Inc.” which was changed to “I-Link
Incorporated” in 1997, to “Acceris Communications Inc.” in 2003, and to “C2
Global Technologies Inc.” in 2005. The most recent name change reflects a change
in the strategic direction of the Company following the disposition of its
Telecommunications business in the third quarter of 2005, as discussed below.
In
the second quarter of 2006, the Company opened an office in Texas.
C2
owns
certain patents, detailed below under “History and Development of the Business”
and “Intellectual Property”, including two foundational patents in voice over
internet protocol (“VoIP”) technology - U.S. Patent Nos. 6,243,373 and 6,438,124
(together the “VoIP Patent Portfolio”), which it seeks to license. Subsequent to
the disposition of its Telecommunications business, licensing of intellectual
property constitutes the primary business of the Company. C2’s target market
consists of carriers, equipment manufacturers, service providers and end users
in the internet protocol (“IP”) telephone market who are using C2’s patented
VoIP technologies by deploying VoIP networks for phone-to-phone communications.
The Company has engaged, and intends to continue to engage, in licensing
agreements with third parties domestically and internationally. At present,
no
ongoing royalties are being paid to the Company. The Company plans to obtain
licensing and royalty revenue from the target market for its patents. In this
regard, in the third quarter of 2005, the Company retained legal counsel with
expertise in the enforcement of intellectual property rights, and on June 15,
2006 C2 Communications Technologies Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
Company, filed a patent infringement lawsuit against AT&T, Inc., Verizon
Communications, Inc., Qwest Communications International, Inc., Bellsouth
Corporation, Sprint Nextel Corporation, Global Crossing Limited, and Level
3
Communications, Inc. The complaint was filed in the Marshall Division of the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, and alleges
that
these companies’ VoIP services and systems infringe C2’s U.S. Patent
No. 6,243,373, entitled “Method
and Apparatus for Implementing a Computer Network/Internet Telephone
System”.
The
complaint seeks an injunction, monetary damages and costs. In April 2007, a
trial date of August 4, 2008 was set for the lawsuit. In June 2007, the
complaint against Bellsouth Corporation was dismissed without prejudice. In
February 2008, the Company entered into settlement and license agreements with
AT&T and Verizon.
In
the
third quarter of 2007, the Company began investing in Internet-based e-commerce
businesses, when it acquired minority positions in MyTrade.com, Inc., Buddy
Media, Inc. and LIMOS.com LLC. Its investment in MyTrade.com, Inc. was sold
in
the fourth quarter of 2007, and the Company recognized a gain of
$75. The
Company’s investment in Internet-based e-commerce businesses continued in the
fourth quarter of 2007 when, effective December 7, 2007, it completed the
acquisition of a one-third interest in Knight’s Bridge Capital Partners Internet
Fund No. 1 GP LLC (“Knight’s Bridge GP”). The additional two-thirds interest in
Knight’s Bridge GP was acquired by parties affiliated with the Company’s
majority stockholder, Counsel Corporation (“Counsel”). Knight’s Bridge GP was
formed to acquire the general partner interests in 2007 Fund 1 LLP (the “Fund”,
subsequently renamed Knight’s Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 LP).
At December 31, 2007, the Fund held investments in several Internet-based
e-commerce businesses. As the general partner of the Fund, Knight’s Bridge GP
manages the Fund, in return for which it earns a 2% per annum management fee
with respect to the Fund’s invested capital. Knight’s Bridge GP also has a 20%
carried interest on any incremental realized gains from the Fund’s investments.
The Fund was an investor in MyTrade.com, and the Company earned approximately
$7
in the fourth quarter of 2007 as its share of Knight’s Bridge GP’s carried
interest when the Fund also sold its investment in MyTrade.com.
The
following table presents information about the net income, loss and assets
of
the Company as of and for the three years ended December 31, 2007. Effective
with the sale of the Telecommunications business in the third quarter of 2005,
the Company no longer has distinct operating segments, as were reported in
prior
years. The Company’s consolidated financial statements, included in Item 15 of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Report”), have been restated to include
the Telecommunications operations as discontinued operations.
For
the Year Ended December 31,
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||||||||||
2007
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2006
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2005
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||||||||
Revenues
from external customers
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$
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—
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$
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—
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$
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—
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||||
Other
income (expense), net
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(207
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)
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155
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1,084
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||||||
Interest
expense - related party
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184
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10,390
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12,154
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|||||||
Interest
expense - third party
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12
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510
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658
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|||||||
(Loss)
from continuing operations
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(639
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)
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(12,046
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)
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(14,907
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)
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||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
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(6
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)
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4,370
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(3,582
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)
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|||||
Total
assets
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1,796
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1,386
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3,490
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3
The
independent registered public accounting firms’ reports on the consolidated
financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
each of the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 contained a paragraph
wherein they discussed the uncertainty about the Company’s ability to continue
as a going concern. Readers are encouraged to take due care when reading the
independent registered public accountants’ report included in Item 15, and
Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in Item 7, of this Report. In the
absence of ongoing licensing revenues or a substantial infusion of capital,
the
Company may not be able to continue as a going concern.
History
and Development of the Business
In
1994,
we began operating as an Internet service provider and quickly identified that
the emerging IP environment was a promising basis for enhanced service delivery.
We soon turned to designing and building an IP telecommunications platform
consisting of proprietary software and hardware, and leased telecommunications
lines. The goal was to create a platform with the quality and reliability
necessary for voice transmission.
In
1997,
we began offering enhanced services over a mixed IP-and-circuit-switched network
platform. These services offered a blend of traditional and enhanced
communication services and combined the inherent cost advantages of an IP-based
network with the reliability of the existing Public Switched Telephone Network
(“PSTN”).
In
August 1997, we acquired MiBridge, Inc. (“MiBridge”), a communications
technology company engaged in the design, development, integration and marketing
of a range of software telecommunications products that support multimedia
communications over the PSTN, local area networks (LANs) and IP networks. The
acquisition of MiBridge permitted us to accelerate the development and
deployment of IP technology across our network platform.
In
1998,
we first deployed our real-time IP communications network platform. With this
new platform, all core operating functions such as switching, routing and media
control became software-driven. This new platform represented the first
nationwide, commercially viable VoIP platform of its kind. Following the launch
of our software-defined VoIP platform in 1998, we continued to refine and
enhance the platform to make it even more efficient and capable for our partners
and customers.
Commencing
in 2001, the Company entered the Telecommunications business. The assets of
the
Company’s Telecommunications segment were owned through a wholly-owned
subsidiary, Acceris Communications Corp. (name changed to WXC Corp. (“WXCC”) in
October 2005). This business was sold effective September 30, 2005.
In
2002,
the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office issued U.S. patent No. 6,438,124 (the
“C2
Patent”) for the Company’s Voice Internet Transmission System. Filed in 1996,
the C2 Patent reflects foundational thinking, application, and practice in
the
VoIP services market. The C2 Patent encompasses the technology that allows
two
parties to converse phone-to-phone, regardless of the distance, by transmitting
voice/sound via the Internet. No special telephone or computer is required
at
either end of the call. The apparatus that makes this technically possible
is a
system of Internet access nodes, or Voice Engines, which provide digitized,
compressed, and encrypted duplex or simplex Internet voice/sound. The end result
is a high-quality calling experience whereby the Internet serves only as the
transport medium and, as such, can lead to reduced toll charges. Shortly after
the issuance of our core C2 Patent, we disposed of our domestic U.S. VoIP
network in a transaction with Buyers United, Inc., which closed on May 1,
2003. The sale included the physical assets required to operate our nationwide
network using our patented VoIP technology (constituting the core business
of
the I-Link Communications Inc. (“ILC”) business) and included a fully paid
non-exclusive perpetual license to our proprietary software-based network
convergence solution for voice and data. The sale of the ILC business removed
essentially all operations that did not pertain to our proprietary
software-based convergence solution for voice and data. As part of the sale,
we
retained all of our intellectual property rights and patents.
In
2003,
we added to our VoIP patent holdings when we acquired U.S. Patent No. 6,243,373,
titled “Method
and Apparatus for Implementing a Computer Network/Internet Telephone
System”
(the
“VoIP Patent”), which included a corresponding foreign patent and related
international patent applications. The vendor of the VoIP Patent was granted
a
first priority security interest in the patent in order to secure C2’s
obligations under the associated purchase agreement. The VoIP Patent together
with the existing C2 Patent and related international patents and patent
applications form our international VoIP Patent Portfolio that covers the basic
process and technology that enable VoIP communication as it is used in the
market today. Telecommunications companies that enable their customers to
originate a phone call on a traditional handset, transmit any part of that
call
via IP, and then terminate the call over the traditional telephone network,
are
utilizing C2’s patented technology. The comprehensive nature of the VoIP Patent
is summarized in the patent’s abstract, which, in pertinent part, describes the
technology as follows: “A
method and apparatus are provided for communicating audio information over
a
computer network. A standard telephone connected to the PSTN may be used to
communicate with any other PSTN-connected telephone, where a computer network,
such as the Internet, is the transmission facility instead of conventional
telephone transmission facilities.”
As part
of the consideration for the acquisition of the VoIP Patent, the vendor is
entitled to receive 35% of the net earnings from our VoIP Patent
Portfolio.
4
Revenue
and contributions from technology-related
operations up to December 31, 2004 were based on the sales and deployment
of our VoIP solutions, which we ceased directly marketing in 2005, rather than
on the receipt of licensing fees and royalties. We expect to generate ongoing
licensing and royalty revenue in this business as we gain recognition of the
underlying value in our VoIP Patent Portfolio through the enforcement of our
intellectual property rights, as discussed above under “Overview and Recent
Developments”.
The
Company has previously conducted research and development activities related
to
its patents, most recently in 2005, when it invested $389. The Company suspended
its investment in research and development in the third quarter of 2005 in
conjunction with its decision to focus on the realization of licensing fees
associated with its intellectual property.
On
March
28, 2006, the Company sold all the shares of WXCC to a third party. The Company
recognized a gain of $3,645 on the sale, net of closing costs of $118. On June
30, 2006, the same third party that had purchased the WXCC shares agreed to
acquire all the shares of ILC from the Company. The Company recognized a gain
of
$665 on the sale, net of closing costs of $46. Both of these gains were included
in income from discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statement
of operations.
As
discussed above under “Overview and Recent Developments”, in the third quarter
of 2007, the Company began investing in Internet-based e-commerce businesses
through its acquisitions of minority positions in MyTrade.com, Inc., Buddy
Media, Inc. and LIMOS.com LLC, and it continued its investment activities in
the
fourth quarter of 2007 with the acquisition of a one-third interest in Knight’s
Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC. At December 31, 2007 the
Company’s investment in these businesses totalled $519. The Company’s objective
is to realize long-term capital appreciation as the value of these businesses
is
developed and recognized.
5
Intellectual
Property
Below
is
a summary of the Company’s patents:
Type
|
Title
|
Number
|
Status
|
|||
VoIP
Architecture
|
Computer
Network/Internet Telephone System (“VoIP Patent”)
|
U.S.
No. 6,243,373
|
Issued:
June 5, 2001
Expires:
November 1, 2015
|
|||
Australia
No. 716096
|
Issued:
June 1, 2000
Expires:
October 29, 2016
|
|||||
People’s
Republic of
China
No. ZL96199457.6
|
Issued:
December 14, 2005
Expires:
October 29, 2016
|
|||||
Canada
No. 2,238,867
|
Issued:
October 18, 2005
Expires:
October 29, 2016
|
|||||
Hong
Kong
No.
HK1018372
|
Issued:
August 11, 2006
Expires:
October 29, 2016
|
|||||
Europe
No. 0873637
|
Granted
March 21, 2007
|
|||||
Internet
Transmssion System
(“C2
Patent”)
|
U.S.
No. 6,438,124
|
Issued:
August 20, 2002
Expires:
July 22, 2018
|
||||
People’s
Republic of
China
No. ZL97192954.8
|
Issued:
May 21, 2004
Expires:
February 5, 2017
|
|||||
Canada
No. 2,245,815
|
Issued:
October 10, 2006
Expires:
February 5, 2017
|
|||||
Private
IP Communication Network Architecture
|
U.S.
No. 7,215,663
|
Issued:
May 8, 2007
Expires:
June 12, 2017
|
||||
Conferencing
|
Delay
Synchronization in Compressed Audio System
|
U.S.
No. 5,754,534
|
Issued:
May 19, 1998
Expires:
May 6, 2016
|
|||
Volume
Control Arrangement for Compressed Information Signal
Delays
|
U.S.
No. 5,898,675
|
Issued:
April 27, 1999
Expires:
April 29, 2016
|
In
2005
and 2006, the Company was awarded patents for the VoIP Patent from the People’s
Republic of China, Hong Kong, and Canada. In the fourth quarter of 2006, the
European Patent Office advised that it intended to grant C2 a European patent
that is equivalent to the VoIP Patent. The decision to grant the European patent
was subsequently published on March 21, 2007 and in June 2007 the Company
applied for the validation of the patent in fifteen European countries. In
the
fourth quarter of 2006, the Company was awarded a patent in Canada for the
C2
Patent.
In
addition to the VoIP Patent Portfolio, which covers the foundation of any VoIP
system, our patent holdings include:
Private
IP Communication Network Architecture (U.S. Patent No. 7,215,663 granted May
8,
2007) - This
invention relates generally to multimedia communications networks. The patent’s
Internet Linked Network Architecture delivers telecommunication type services
across a network utilizing digital technology. The unique breadth and
flexibility of telecommunication services offered by the Internet Linked Network
Architecture flow directly from the network over which they are delivered and
the underlying design principles and architectural decisions employed during
its
creation.
6
C2
also
owns intellectual property that solves teleconferencing problems:
Delay
Synchronization in Compressed Audio Systems (U.S. Patent No. 5,754,534 granted
May 19, 1998) - This
invention eliminates popping and clicking when switching between parties in
a
communications conferencing system employing signal compression techniques
to
reduce bandwidth requirements.
Volume
Control Arrangement for Compressed Information Signals (U.S. Patent No.
5,898,675 granted April 27, 1999) - This
invention allows for modifying amplitude, frequency or phase characteristics
of
an audio or video signal in a compressed signal system without altering the
encoder or decoder employed by each conferee in a conferencing setting, so
that
individuals on the conference call can each adjust their own gain levels without
signal degradation.
Employees
As
of
December 31, 2007, C2 had five employees, all of whom are also employees of
Counsel. The salaries of four of the employees are paid by Counsel. Under the
terms of a management services agreement (the “Agreement”), as described in Item
11 of this Report, the Counsel employees provide management and administrative
services to C2 and the associated costs are allocated to C2. The CEO has a
separate employment arrangement with C2, as discussed in Item 11. The Company
expects to hire additional employees as it pursues its patent licensing
strategy, although there are no specific plans at this time.
Industry
The
communications services industry continues to evolve, both domestically and
internationally, providing significant opportunities and risks to the
participants in these markets. Factors that have driven this change
include:
·
|
entry
of new competitors and investment of substantial capital in existing
and
new services, resulting in significant price
competition
|
|||
·
|
|
technological
advances resulting in a proliferation of new services and products
and
rapid increases in network capacity
|
||
·
|
|
the
Telecommunications Act of 1996; as amended, and
|
||
·
|
|
growing
deregulation of communications services markets in the United States
and
in other countries around the world.
|
Historically,
the communications services industry transmitted voice and data over separate
networks using different technologies. Traditional carriers have typically
built
telephone networks based on circuit switching technology, which establishes
and
maintains a dedicated path for each telephone call until the call is
terminated.
VoIP
is a
technology that can replace the traditional telephone network. This type of
data
network is more efficient than a dedicated circuit network because the data
network is not restricted by the one-call, one-line limitation of a traditional
telephone network. This improved efficiency creates cost savings that can be
either passed on to the consumer in the form of lower rates or retained by
the
VoIP provider. In addition, VoIP technology enables the provision of enhanced
services such as unified messaging.
Competition
We
are
seeking to have telecommunications service providers (“TSPs”), equipment
suppliers (“ESs”) and end users license our patents. In this regard, our
competition is existing technology, outside the scope of our patents, which
allows TSPs and ESs to deliver communication services to their
customers.
VoIP
has
become a widespread and accepted telecommunications technology, with a variety
of applications in the telecommunications and other industries. While we and
many others believe that we will see continued proliferation of this technology
in the coming years, and while we believe that this proliferation will occur
within the context of our patents, there is no certainty that this will occur,
or that it will occur in a manner that requires organizations to license our
patents.
7
Government
Regulation
Recent
legislation in the United States, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
has
increased regulatory and compliance costs as well as the scope and cost of
work
provided to us by our independent registered public accountants and legal
advisors. The Company has become subject to Section 404 reporting as of December
31, 2007. As implementation guidelines continue to evolve, we expect to continue
to incur costs, which may or may not be material, in order to comply with
legislative requirements or rules, pronouncements and guidelines by regulatory
bodies.
Available
Information
C2
is
subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which requires that C2 file reports,
proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”). The SEC maintains a website on the Internet at http://www.sec.gov
that
contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information
regarding issuers, including C2, which file electronically with the SEC. In
addition, C2’s Exchange Act filings may be inspected and copied at the SEC’s
Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public
may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling
the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Company makes available free of charge through
its Internet web site, http://www.c-2technologies.com
(follow
Investor Relations tab to link to “SEC Filings”) its annual report on Form 10-K,
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments
to
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after such material has been
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.
8
Item
1A. Risk Factors.
You
should carefully consider and evaluate these risk factors, as any of them could
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results
of
operations, which, in turn, can adversely affect the price of our
securities.
Reports
of our independent registered accountants have made reference to the going
concern risk.
In
each
of their audit reports for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007,
our
independent registered public accounting firm has made reference to the
uncertainty regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. Before
considering making an investment or becoming a stakeholder in C2, you should
carefully review the aforementioned accountants’ reports and ensure that you
have read and understood them, and have obtained relevant advice from your
financial and other advisors.
If
we were to default on any of our related party loans, Counsel could foreclose
on
our assets.
At
December 31, 2007 Counsel owned 92.51% of the equity of the Company. Counsel
had
previously committed, by means of a Keep Well agreement (the “Keep Well”) that
expired on December 31, 2006, to fund the operating cash requirements of the
Company. Although Counsel funded our minimal cash requirements during 2007,
and
has indicated that it will continue to do so until at least December 31, 2008,
which is the maturity date of the outstanding loan payable to Counsel, it has
not formally committed to long-term funding of our operations. Our assets serve
as collateral for our related party debt. In the event that we were to default
on this debt, and Counsel foreclosed on our assets, we would be unable to
continue our operations as they are presently conducted, if at all. Our
aggregate total debt to Counsel at December 31, 2007 was $2,335. See the section
entitled “Transactions with Counsel” in Item 13 of this Report.
Certain
of our recently-acquired portfolio investments are particularly subject to
risk
of loss.
The
preferred share investment that the Company made in Buddy Media during the
third
quarter of 2007 is in a development stage company that has yet to provide a
return to shareholders. There can be no assurance that the Company will either
recover the value of its initial investment or earn a positive
return.
We
are subject to litigation.
We
are,
from time to time, involved in various claims, legal proceedings and complaints
arising in the ordinary course of business. The significant litigation matters
in which we are involved at this time are detailed in Item 3 of this Report.
We
may be required to make cash payments to dissenting
stockholders.
At
our
Adjourned Meeting of Stockholders held on December 30, 2003, our
stockholders, among other things, approved an amendment to our Articles of
Incorporation, deleting Article VI thereof (regarding liquidations,
reorganizations, mergers and the like). Stockholders who were entitled to vote
at the meeting and advised us in writing, prior to the vote on the amendment,
that they dissented and intended to demand payment for their shares if the
amendment was effectuated, were entitled to exercise their appraisal rights
and
obtain payment in cash for their shares under Sections 607.1301 - 607.1333
of the Florida Business Corporation Act (the “Florida Act”), provided their
shares were not voted in favor of the amendment.
In
January 2004, we sent appraisal notices in compliance with Florida
corporate statutes to all stockholders who had advised us of their intention
to
exercise their appraisal rights. The appraisal notices included our estimate
of
fair value of our shares, at $4.00 per share on a post-split basis. These
stockholders had until February 29, 2004 to return their completed
appraisal notices along with certificates for the shares for which they were
exercising their appraisal rights. Approximately 33 stockholders holding
approximately 74,000 shares of our stock returned completed appraisal notices
by
February 29, 2004. A stockholder of 20 shares notified us of his acceptance
of our offer of $4.00 per share, while the stockholders of the remaining shares
did not accept our offer. Subject to the qualification that, in accordance
with
the Florida Act, we may not make any payment to a stockholder seeking appraisal
rights if, at the time of payment, our total assets are less than our total
liabilities, stockholders who accepted our offer to purchase their shares at
the
estimated fair value will be paid for their shares within 90 days of our
receipt of a duly executed appraisal notice. If we should be required to make
any payments to dissenting stockholders, Counsel will fund any such amounts
through advances to C2. Stockholders who did not accept our offer were required
to indicate their own estimate of fair value, and if we do not agree with such
estimates, the parties are required to go to court for an appraisal proceeding
on an individual basis, in order to establish fair value. Because we did not
agree with the estimates submitted by most of the dissenting stockholders,
we
have sought a judicial determination of the fair value of the common stock
held
by the dissenting stockholders. On June 24, 2004, we filed suit against the
dissenting stockholders seeking a declaratory judgment, appraisal and other
relief in the Circuit Court for the 17th
Judicial
District in Broward County, Florida. On February 4, 2005, the declaratory
judgment action was stayed pending the resolution of the direct and derivative
lawsuits filed in California. This decision was made by the judge in the Florida
declaratory judgment action due to the similar nature of certain allegations
brought by the defendants in the declaratory judgment matter and the California
lawsuits. On March 7, 2005, the dissenting shareholders appealed the decision
of
the District Court judge to the Fourth District Court of Appeals for the State
of Florida, which denied the appeal on June 21, 2005. When the declaratory
judgment matter resumes, there is no assurance that this matter will be resolved
in our favor and an unfavorable outcome of this matter could have a material
adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial position or
liquidity.
9
We
may fail to either adequately protect our proprietary technology and processes,
or enforce our intellectual property rights, which would allow competitors
to
take advantage of our development efforts.
The
Company’s VoIP Patent Portfolio consists of United States Patents No. 6,243,373
and No. 6,438,124. The ultimate value of these patents has yet to be
determined. If we fail to obtain or maintain adequate protections, or are
unsuccessful in enforcing our patent rights, we may not be able to either
realize value from our patents, or prevent third parties from benefiting from
those patents without benefit to the Company. Any currently pending or future
patent applications may not result in issued patents. In addition, any issued
patents may not have priority over any patent applications of others or may
not
contain claims sufficiently broad to protect us against third parties with
similar technologies, products or processes.
Our
principal stockholder, Counsel, has voting control over us and our executive
officers are employees of Counsel.
Counsel
owns approximately 93% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, Counsel
controls all matters requiring approval by the stockholders, including the
election of the Board of Directors and significant corporate transactions.
Our
Board of Directors has five members, four of whom are independent of Counsel.
The Board establishes corporate policies and has the sole authority to nominate
and elect officers to carry out those policies. Our Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Financial Officer, Vice President of Accounting and Corporate Secretary
are all employees of Counsel. Counsel’s control over C2 could delay or prevent a
change in control of the Company, impede a merger, consolidation, takeover
or
other business combination involving us, or discourage a potential acquirer
from
making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the Company.
Provisions
in our Articles of Incorporation, as amended, could prevent or delay
stockholders' attempts to replace or remove current
management.
Our
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, provide for staggered terms for the
members of our Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is divided into three
staggered classes, and each director serves a term of three years. At each
annual stockholders’ meeting only those directors comprising one of the three
classes will have completed their term and stand for re-election or replacement.
These provisions may be beneficial to our management and the Board of Directors
in a hostile tender offer, and may have an adverse impact on stockholders who
may want to participate in such a tender offer, or who may want to replace
some
or all of the members of the Board of Directors.
Our
Board of Directors may issue additional shares of preferred stock without
stockholder approval.
Our
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, authorize the issuance of up to
10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $10.00 par value per share. The Board
of
Directors is authorized to determine the rights and preferences of any
additional series or class of preferred stock. The Board of Directors may,
without stockholder approval, issue shares of preferred stock with dividend,
liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights which are senior to our shares
of common stock or which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights
of the existing holders of outstanding shares of preferred stock or common
stock. The issuance of additional shares of preferred stock may also hamper
or
discourage an acquisition or change in control of C2.
We
may conduct future offerings of our common stock and preferred stock and pay
debt obligations with our common and preferred stock that may diminish our
investors’ pro rata ownership and depress our stock price.
We
reserve the right to make future offers and sales, either public or private,
of
our securities including shares of our preferred stock, common stock or
securities convertible into common stock at prices differing from the price
of
the common stock previously issued. In the event that any such future sales
of
securities are effected or we use our common or preferred stock to pay principal
or interest on our debt obligations, an investor’s pro rata ownership interest
may be reduced to the extent of any such issuances and, to the extent that
any
such sales are effected at consideration which is less than that paid by the
investor, the investor may experience dilution and a diminution in the market
price of the common stock. As of the date of this Report, a third party holds
a
Warrant to acquire 1,000,000 shares of common stock.
The
telecommunications market is volatile.
During
the last several years, the telecommunications industry has been very volatile
as a result of overcapacity, which has led to price erosion and bankruptcies.
If
our potential licensees cannot control their subscriber and customer attrition,
our potential revenue could decrease significantly as the licensees become
unable to meet their financial obligations.
There
is a limited public trading market for our common stock; the market price of
our
common stock has been volatile and could experience substantial fluctuations.
Our
common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board and has a limited
public trading market. Without an active trading market, there can be no
assurance regarding the liquidity or resale value of the common stock. In
addition, the market price of our common stock has been, and may continue to
be,
volatile. Such price fluctuations may be affected by general market price
movements or by reasons unrelated to our operating performance or prospects
such
as, among other things, announcements concerning us or our competitors,
technological innovations, government regulations, and litigation concerning
proprietary rights or other matters.
10
We
may not be able to utilize income tax loss carryforwards.
Restrictions
in our ability to utilize income tax loss carry forwards have occurred in the
past due to the application of certain changes in ownership tax rules in the
United States. There is no certainty that the application of these rules may
not
recur. In addition, further restrictions of, reductions in, or expiry of net
operating loss and net capital loss carry forwards may occur through future
merger, acquisition and/or disposition transactions or failure to continue
a
significant level of business activities. Any such additional limitations could
require us to pay income taxes in the future and record an income tax expense
to
the extent of such liability. We could be liable for income taxes on an overall
basis while having unutilized tax loss carry forwards since these losses may
be
applicable to one jurisdiction and/or particular line of business while earnings
may be applicable to a different jurisdiction and/or line of business.
Additionally, income tax loss carry forwards may expire before we have the
ability to utilize such losses in a particular jurisdiction and there is no
certainty that current income tax rates will remain in effect at the time when
we have the opportunity to utilize reported tax loss carry
forwards.
We
have not declared any dividends on our common stock to date and have no
expectation of doing so in the foreseeable future.
The
payment of cash dividends on our common stock rests within the discretion of
our
Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings,
unencumbered cash, capital requirements and our financial condition, as well
as
other relevant factors. To date, we have not paid dividends on our common
stock nor do we anticipate that we will pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
As of December 31, 2007, we do not have any preferred stock outstanding that
has
any preferential dividends. Additionally, under the Florida Act, we cannot
pay
dividends while we have negative stockholders’ equity.
Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item
2. Properties.
The
Company, in connection with its intellectual property licensing business, rents
approximately 200 square feet of office space in Marshall, Texas on a month
to
month basis for a nominal amount. Should the Company be required to vacate
these
premises, ample alternative space is available. All accounting and reporting
functions are carried out from the corporate office of its majority stockholder,
Counsel, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Company is not required to
pay
rent or other occupancy costs to Counsel.
Item
3. Legal Proceedings.
On
April 16, 2004, certain stockholders of the Company (the “Plaintiffs”)
filed a putative derivative complaint in the Superior Court of the State of
California in and for the County of San Diego (the “Complaint”) against the
Company, WorldxChange Corporation (sic), Counsel Communications LLC, and Counsel
Corporation as well as four present and former officers and directors of the
Company, some of whom also are or were directors and/or officers of the other
corporate defendants (collectively, the “Defendants”). The Complaint alleges,
among other things, that the Defendants, in their respective roles as
controlling stockholder and directors and officers of the Company committed
breaches of the fiduciary duties of care, loyalty and good faith and were
unjustly enriched, and that the individual Defendants committed waste of
corporate assets, abuse of control and gross mismanagement. The Plaintiffs
seek
compensatory damages, restitution, disgorgement of allegedly unlawful profits,
benefits and other compensation, attorneys’ fees and expenses in connection with
the Complaint. The Company believes that these claims are without merit and
intends to continue to vigorously defend this action. Although there is no
certainty that this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor, at this time
the Company does not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a
material adverse impact on its business, results of operations, financial
position or liquidity.
The
Company, Counsel Communications LLC, Counsel Corporation and four of its current
and former executives and board members were named in a securities action filed
in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of San
Diego (the “Court”) on April 16, 2004, in which the plaintiffs made claims
nearly identical to those set forth in the Complaint in the derivative suit
described above. The Company believes that these claims are without merit and
intends to vigorously defend this action. Although there is no certainty that
this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor, at this time the Company
does not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a material adverse
impact on its business, results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
In February 2006, the plaintiffs in both this action and the derivative action
described above changed attorneys. On July 31, 2007, the trial date for both
actions was moved to June 6, 2008.
11
At
our
Adjourned Meeting of Stockholders held on December 30, 2003, our
stockholders, among other things, approved an amendment to our Articles of
Incorporation, deleting Article VI thereof (regarding liquidations,
reorganizations, mergers and the like). Stockholders who were entitled to vote
at the meeting and advised us in writing, prior to the vote on the amendment,
that they dissented and intended to demand payment for their shares if the
amendment was effectuated, were entitled to exercise their appraisal rights
and
obtain payment in cash for their shares under Sections 607.1301 - 607.1333
of the Florida Act, provided their shares were not voted in favor of the
amendment. In January 2004, we sent appraisal notices in compliance with
Florida corporate statutes to all stockholders who had advised us of their
intention to exercise their appraisal rights. The appraisal notices included
our
estimate of fair value of our shares, at $4.00 per share on a post-split basis.
These stockholders had until February 29, 2004 to return their completed
appraisal notices along with certificates for the shares for which they were
exercising their appraisal rights. Approximately 33 stockholders holding
approximately 74,000 shares of our stock returned completed appraisal notices
by
February 29, 2004. A stockholder of 20 shares notified us of his acceptance
of our offer of $4.00 per share, while the stockholders of the remaining shares
did not accept our offer. Subject to the qualification that, in accordance
with
the Florida Act, we may not make any payment to a stockholder seeking appraisal
rights if, at the time of payment, our total assets are less than our total
liabilities, stockholders who accepted our offer to purchase their shares at
the
estimated fair value will be paid for their shares within 90 days of our
receipt of a duly executed appraisal notice. If we should be required to make
any payments to dissenting stockholders, Counsel will fund any such amounts
through advances to C2. Stockholders who did not accept our offer were required
to indicate their own estimate of fair value, and if we do not agree with such
estimates, the parties are required to go to court for an appraisal proceeding
on an individual basis, in order to establish fair value. Because we did not
agree with the estimates submitted by most of the dissenting stockholders,
we
have sought a judicial determination of the fair value of the common stock
held
by the dissenting stockholders. On June 24, 2004, we filed suit against the
dissenting stockholders seeking a declaratory judgment, appraisal and other
relief in the Circuit Court for the 17th
Judicial
District in Broward County, Florida. On February 4, 2005, the declaratory
judgment action was stayed pending the resolution of the direct and derivative
lawsuits filed in California. This decision was made by the judge in the Florida
declaratory judgment action due to the similar nature of certain allegations
brought by the defendants in the declaratory judgment matter and the California
lawsuits described above. On March 7, 2005, the dissenting shareholders appealed
the decision of the District Court judge to the Fourth District Court of Appeals
for the State of Florida, which denied the appeal on June 21, 2005. When the
declaratory judgment matter resumes, there is no assurance that this matter
will
be resolved in our favor and an unfavorable outcome of this matter could have
a
material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial
position or liquidity.
On
June
15, 2006, C2 Communications Technologies Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of
the
Company, filed a patent infringement lawsuit against AT&T, Inc., Verizon
Communications, Inc., Qwest Communications International, Inc., Bellsouth
Corporation, Sprint Nextel Corporation, Global Crossing Limited, and Level
3
Communications, Inc. The complaint was filed in the Marshall Division of the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas and alleges
that
the defendants’ services and systems utilizing VoIP infringe C2’s U.S. Patent
No. 6,243,373, entitled “Method
and Apparatus for Implementing a Computer Network/Internet Telephone
System”.
The
complaint seeks an injunction, monetary damages, and costs. In April 2007,
a
trial date of August 4, 2008 was set for the lawsuit. In June 2007, the
complaint against Bellsouth Corporation was dismissed without prejudice. There
is no assurance that the Company will be successful in this litigation. In
February 2008, the Company settled the complaints against AT&T and Verizon
by entering into settlement and license agreements.
The
Company is involved in various other legal matters arising out of its operations
in the normal course of business, none of which are expected, individually
or in
the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Item
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None
12
PART
II
Item
5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder
Matters and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market
Information
Shares
of
C2’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, are traded on the OTC Bulletin
Board (“OTCBB”) under the symbol COBT.OB.
The
following table sets forth the high and low prices for our common stock, as
quoted on the OTCBB, for the calendar quarters from January 1, 2006 through
December 31, 2007, based on inter-dealer quotations, without retail markup,
markdown, commissions or adjustments. These prices may not represent actual
transactions:
Quarter
Ended
|
High
|
Low
|
|||||
March
31, 2006
|
$
|
0.79
|
$
|
0.40
|
|||
June
30, 2006
|
1.98
|
0.25
|
|||||
September
30, 2006
|
1.60
|
0.51
|
|||||
December
31, 2006
|
0.60
|
0.35
|
|||||
March
31, 2007
|
$
|
1.49
|
$
|
0.50
|
|||
June
30, 2007
|
0.90
|
0.35
|
|||||
September
30, 2007
|
0.55
|
0.40
|
|||||
December
31, 2007
|
0.90
|
0.31
|
On
February 26, 2008, the closing price for a share of the Company’s common stock
was $1.01.
Holders
As
of
February
26, 2008,
the
Company had approximately 946 holders of common stock of record.
Dividends
To
date,
we have not paid dividends on our common stock nor do we anticipate that we
will
pay dividends in the foreseeable future. As of December 31, 2007, we do not
have
any preferred stock outstanding which has any preferential dividends. Under
the
Florida Act, we cannot pay dividends while we have negative stockholders’
equity.
13
Securities
Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The
following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2007, information with respect
to
equity compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements)
under
which the Company’s securities are authorized for issuance.
During
the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 30,000 options were granted to
directors under the 2003 Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan.
These options were issued with an exercise price that equalled or exceeded
fair
market value on the date of the grant, and they vest over a 4-year period
subject to the grantee’s continued service as a director with the
Company.
The
Company relied on an exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”). No other options were
issued during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
Plan
Category (1)
|
Number
of Securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding
options
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding options
|
Number
of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column
(a))
|
|||||||
(a)
|
(b)
|
(c)
|
||||||||
$
|
||||||||||
Equity
compensation plans approved by security
holders:
|
||||||||||
2003
Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
|
598,250
|
1.48
|
1,401,750 | |||||||
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan
|
238,611
|
2.20
|
131,389 | |||||||
1995
Directors Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
|
—
|
—
|
12,500 | |||||||
1995
Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
|
—
|
—
|
20,000 | |||||||
Equity
compensation plans not approved by security
holders:
|
||||||||||
Issuance
of non-qualified options to employees and outside
consultants
|
138,888
|
59.26
|
— | |||||||
Total
|
975,749
|
9.88
|
1,565,639 |
(1) For a description of the material terms of these plans, see Note 16 in the Company’s audited financial statements included in Item 15 of this Report. |
Recent
Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from
Registered Securities.
None.
Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities.
We
did
not make any stock repurchases during the last quarter of 2007.
14
Performance
Graph.
The
following Performance Graph and related information shall not be deemed
“soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any
future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or Securities Exchange Act
of
1934, each as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically
incorporates it by reference into such filing.
The
following graph compares our cumulative total stockholder return with that
of
the Russell 2000 index of small-capitalization companies and our peer group.
Our
peer group consists of Acacia Technologies Group, Forgent Networks Inc. (d/b/a
Asure Software), UTEK Corporation, Patriot Scientific Corporation and Network-1
Security Solutions Inc. We selected these companies for our Current Group
because they are in the business of licensing intellectual property in a manner
that is similar to our business model. The graph assumes an initial investment
of $100.00 made on December 31, 2002, and the reinvestment of dividends (where
applicable). We have never paid a dividend on our common stock.
Total
Return Analysis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
12/31/2002
|
12/31/2003
|
12/31/2004
|
12/31/2005
|
12/31/2006
|
12/31/2007
|
|||||||||||||
C2
Global Technologies, Inc.
|
$
|
100.00
|
$
|
87.20
|
$
|
24.00
|
$
|
24.40
|
$
|
16.00
|
$
|
12.40
|
|||||||
Peer
Group
|
$
|
100.00
|
$
|
137.45
|
$
|
179.69
|
$
|
207.50
|
$
|
687.61
|
$
|
629.28
|
|||||||
Russell
2000 Index
|
$
|
100.00
|
$
|
145.37
|
$
|
170.08
|
$
|
175.73
|
$
|
205.61
|
$
|
199.96
|
|||||||
Source:
CTA Integrated Communications www.ctaintegrated.com (303) 665-4200.
Data
from ReutersBRIDGE Data Networks
|
15
Item
6. Selected Financial Data.
The
following selected consolidated financial information was derived from the
audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Prior periods
have
been amended to reclassify the Telecommunications business as discontinued
operations. The information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of
the
results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with Item 7,
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” as well as the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto
included in Item 15 in this Report.
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
||||||||
Statement
of Operations Data :
|
||||||||||||||||
Patent
licensing and development revenues
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
540
|
$
|
2,164
|
||||||
Operating
costs and expenses
|
1,236
|
1,301
|
3,179
|
4,541
|
4,516
|
|||||||||||
Operating
loss
|
(1,236
|
)
|
(1,301
|
)
|
(3,179
|
)
|
(4,001
|
)
|
(2,352
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense):
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
expense - related party
|
(184
|
)
|
(10,390
|
)
|
(12,154
|
)
|
(8,488
|
)
|
(10,175
|
)
|
||||||
Interest
expense - third party
|
(12
|
)
|
(510
|
)
|
(658
|
)
|
(65
|
)
|
(875
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense)
|
(207
|
)
|
155
|
1,084
|
1,487
|
1,138
|
||||||||||
Other
income (expense), net
|
(403
|
)
|
(10,745
|
)
|
(11,728
|
)
|
(7,066
|
)
|
(9,912
|
)
|
||||||
Loss
from continuing operations before income taxes
|
(1,639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
(11,067
|
)
|
(12,264
|
)
|
||||||
Income
tax expense (recovery)
|
(1,000
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
(639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
(11,067
|
)
|
(12,264
|
)
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
(6
|
)
|
4,370
|
(3,582
|
)
|
(11,716
|
)
|
(19,164
|
)
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(645
|
)
|
$
|
(
7,676
|
)
|
$
|
(18,489
|
)
|
$
|
(22,783
|
)
|
$
|
(31,428
|
)
|
|
Net
loss per common share - basic and diluted:
|
||||||||||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.63
|
)
|
$
|
(0.77
|
)
|
$
|
(0.57
|
)
|
$
|
(1.75
|
)
|
|
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
—
|
0.23
|
(0.19
|
)
|
(0.61
|
)
|
(2.73
|
)
|
||||||||
Net
loss per common share
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.40
|
)
|
$
|
(0.96
|
)
|
$
|
(1.18
|
)
|
$
|
(4.48
|
)
|
|
Balance
Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
1,796
|
$
|
1,386
|
$
|
3,490
|
$
|
24,009
|
$
|
39,054
|
||||||
Total
current liabilities
|
$
|
2,737
|
$
|
1,855
|
$
|
79,852
|
$
|
36,150
|
$
|
50,887
|
||||||
Total
long-term obligations:
|
||||||||||||||||
Related
party
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
46,015
|
$
|
28,717
|
||||||
Third
party
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
1,580
|
$
|
3,164
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Discontinued
liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
645
|
$
|
2,403
|
||||||
Stockholders’
deficit
|
$
|
(941
|
)
|
$
|
(469
|
)
|
$
|
(77,942
|
)
|
$
|
(61,965
|
)
|
$
|
(42,953
|
)
|
16
Item
7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of
Operations.
(All
dollar amounts are presented in thousands USD, unless otherwise indicated,
except per share amounts)
The
following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto, included in Item 8 of
this
Report. Our accounting policies have the potential to have a significant impact
on our financial statements, either because of the significance of the financial
statement item to which they relate, or because they require judgment and
estimation due to the uncertainty involved in measuring, at a specific point
in
time, events which are continuous in nature.
Forward-Looking
Information
This
Report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of
the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are based on management’s exercise of
business judgment as well as assumptions made by, and information currently
available to, management. When used in this document, the words “may”,
"will”,
“anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, and words of similar
import, are intended to identify any forward-looking statements. You should
not
place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These statements
reflect our current view of future events and are subject to certain risks
and
uncertainties, as noted below. Should one or more of these risks or
uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect,
our
actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these
forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation, and do not intend,
to
update, revise or otherwise publicly release any revisions to these
forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date
hereof, or to reflect the occurrence of any unanticipated events. Although
we
believe that our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give
no assurance that our expectations will materialize.
Business
Overview, Recent Developments and Outlook
Please
see Item 1, above, of this Report for an overview of the Company’s business and
development. Please see Item 1A, above, for a discussion of the risk factors
that may impact the Company’s current and future operations, and financial
condition.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
As
a
result of our historical operating losses and negative cash flows from
operations, at December 31, 2007 we had a stockholders’ deficit of $941 (2006 -
$469) and a working capital deficit of $1,653 (2006 - $1,782). The working
capital deficit decreased by $1,000 due to the Company recording a deferred
income tax asset of $1,000 in the fourth quarter of 2007 as a result of the
settlement and license agreements that were finalized in the first quarter
of
2008, and by $148 due to a reduction in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities. These decreases were offset by net advances of $2,145 from our
majority stockholder, Counsel Corporation (together with its subsidiaries,
“Counsel”), and the capitalization of $184 interest on those advances. During
2007, Counsel advanced a total of $3,245, and the Company repaid $1,100 of
principal from the proceeds of the redemption of the AccessLine portfolio
investment and the sale of the investment in MyTrade.com, Inc., which are
discussed in more detail in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements.
The
bulk of the advances from Counsel were used to fund the January 10, 2007
repayment of the $1,471 convertible note (the “Note”) owing to a third party
lender at December 31, 2006. The Note’s repayment also resulted in the
elimination of its associated $62 deferred financing costs and $172 debt
discount, further increasing the working capital deficit.
As
a
result of the settlement and license agreements entered into with respect to
the
VoIP Patent Portfolio in 2008, the Company expects to recognize revenues from
continuing operations for the first time since 2004. At the present time, the
Company expects to have positive operating cash flows in 2008. However, the
Company must continue to realize value from its intellectual property through
ongoing licensing and royalty revenue, as discussed in Note 1 of the
consolidated financial statements, in order to continue as a going concern.
Absent an ongoing revenue stream, there is significant doubt regarding the
Company’s ability to obtain additional financing to fund its operations without
the support of Counsel.
Related
party debt owing to Counsel is $2,335 at December 31, 2007 compared to $6 at
December 31, 2006. Interest on the related party debt is capitalized, at the
end
of each quarter, and added to the principal amount outstanding. The related
party debt was scheduled to mature on December 31, 2007, but has been extended
until December 31, 2008. Until December 31, 2006, the debt was supported by
Counsel’s Keep Well agreement with C2, which required Counsel to fund, through
long-term intercompany advances or equity contributions, all capital investment,
working capital or other operational cash requirements of C2. The Keep Well
was
not extended beyond its December 31, 2006 maturity, but Counsel has indicated
that it will fund the Company’s minimal cash requirements until at least
December 31, 2008.
17
The
Company had no long-term third party debt at December 31, 2007.
Ownership
Structure and Capital Resources
·
|
The
Company is 92.51% owned by Counsel. The remaining 7.49% is owned
by public
stockholders.
|
·
|
Since
becoming controlling stockholder in 2001, Counsel has invested
over
$100,000 in C2 to fund the development of C2’s technology and its
Telecommunications business. At December 29, 2006 C2 owed $83,582
to
Counsel, including accrued and unpaid interest. As discussed in
Note 9 of
the consolidated financial statements included in Item 15 of this
Report,
on December 30, 2006 Counsel converted $3,386 of this debt into
3,847,475
common shares of C2, and forgave the balance of $80,196. Counsel
subsequently provided net advances of $2,151 through December 31,
2007.
The disposition of the Telecommunications business in the third
quarter of
2005 significantly reduced both the complexity and the funding
requirements of the Company’s operations, and Counsel’s investment during
2006 and 2007 was significantly less than its investment in prior
years.
As noted above, should the Company fail to establish ongoing patent
licensing and royalty revenues, the Company’s ongoing operations may again
become dependent on funding by
Counsel.
|
Cash Position
Cash,
cash equivalents and restricted cash as of December 31, 2007 were $67 compared
to $3 in 2006 and $1,833 in 2005.
Cash
utilized in operating activities
Cash
used
in operating activities (excluding discontinued operations) during 2007 was
$1,268 (2006 - $2,324; 2005 - $3,350). The net loss from continuing operations
decreased $11,407 to $639 in 2007 compared to $12,046 in 2006. In 2007, the
loss
from discontinued operations was $6, as compared to income of $4,370 in 2006,
a
net decrease of $4,376. In the fourth quarter of 2007 the Company recorded
a
deferred income tax recovery of $1,000; there was no similar transaction in
2006. The other significant changes in non-cash items in 2007 as compared to
2006 involved related party debt. In 2006 the Company recorded $2,848 of
amortization of discount and debt issuance costs on a convertible note owing
to
Counsel; as this debt was eliminated by conversion and forgiveness on December
30, 2006, there were no similar amounts recorded in 2007. As well, Counsel’s
December 30, 2006 forgiveness of the remaining debt owing resulted in
capitalized interest being reduced from $7,542 in 2006 to $184 in 2007, a
difference of $7,358. It should also be noted that the reduction in accounts
payable and accrued liabilities in 2007 was $148, compared to $1,224 in 2006,
a
reflection of the reduced complexity of the Company’s operations following the
sale of its Telecommunications business during the third quarter of
2005.
Cash
provided by investing activities
Net
cash
provided by investing activities (excluding discontinued operations) during
2007
was $655 (2006 - $0, 2005 - $0). In 2007, the Company’s $1,100 preferred share
investment in AccessLine Communications was redeemed in full. The Company
subsequently invested $595 in the portfolio investments described in Note 5
of
the consolidated financial statements, and received $150 from the sale of one
of
these investments. There were no similar transactions in 2006 and
2005.
Cash
provided by financing activities
Financing
activities (excluding discontinued operations) provided net cash of $683 (2006
-
$2,142; 2005 - $12,092). Net financing from Counsel was $2,145 in 2007 compared
to $2,401 in 2006, a decrease of $256. However, the Company’s payments to its
third party lender in 2007 decreased $303, from $1,765 in 2006 to $1,462 in
2007. In 2006, $1,506 of the payments to the third party lender were made from
cash that had been segregated in 2005 for that purpose; no segregated cash
remained to be applied in 2007.
Contractual
Obligations
We
have
no contractual commitments other than our debt. We have no liabilities
associated with income taxes that require disclosure under the terms and
provisions of FIN 48. The following table summarizes our contractual
obligations, including estimated interest payable, at December 31,
2007:
Payment
due by period
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
obligations:
|
Total
|
|
Less
than 1
year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
3-5
years
|
|
More
than 5 years
|
|||||||
Notes
payable to a related party
|
$
|
2,577
|
$
|
2,577
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,577
|
$
|
2,577
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
18
Consolidated
Results of Operations
Key
selected financial data for the three years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005 are as follows:
Percentage
Change
|
||||||||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2007
vs. 2006
|
2006
vs. 2005
|
||||||||||||
Revenues:
|
||||||||||||||||
Patent
licensing
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
||||||||
Operating
costs and expenses:
|
||||||||||||||||
Selling,
general, administrative and other
|
1,216
|
1,281
|
2,758
|
(5
|
)
|
(54
|
)
|
|||||||||
Research
and development
|
—
|
—
|
389
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
20
|
20
|
32
|
—
|
(38
|
)
|
||||||||||
Total
operating costs and expenses
|
1,236
|
1,301
|
3,179
|
(5
|
)
|
(59
|
)
|
|||||||||
Operating
loss
|
(1,236
|
)
|
(1,301
|
)
|
(3,179
|
)
|
(5
|
)
|
(59
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense):
|
||||||||||||||||
Interest
expense - related party
|
(184
|
)
|
(10,390
|
)
|
(12,154
|
)
|
(98
|
)
|
(15
|
)
|
||||||
Interest
expense - third party
|
(12
|
)
|
(510
|
)
|
(658
|
)
|
(98
|
)
|
(22
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense)
|
(207
|
)
|
155
|
1,084
|
N/A
|
(86
|
)
|
|||||||||
Total
other expense, net
|
(403
|
)
|
(10,745
|
)
|
(11,728
|
)
|
(96
|
)
|
(8
|
)
|
||||||
Loss
from continuing operations before income taxes
|
(1,639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
(86
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
||||||
Income
tax expense (recovery)
|
(1,000
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
||||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
(639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
(95
|
)
|
(19
|
)
|
||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
(6
|
)
|
4,370
|
(3,582
|
)
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|||||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(645
|
)
|
$
|
(7,676
|
)
|
$
|
(18,489
|
)
|
(92
|
)
|
(58
|
)
|
In
order
to more fully understand the comparison of the results of continuing operations
for 2007 as compared to 2006, and for 2006 as compared to 2005, it is important
to note the significant changes that occurred in 2005 and 2006. On May 19,
2005,
we entered into an agreement to sell substantially all of the assets, and to
transfer certain liabilities, of WXC Corp. (“WXCC”, formerly Acceris
Communications Corp.) to Acceris Management and Acquisition LLC, an unrelated
third party. The sale closed on September 30, 2005. The operational results
related to WXCC were reclassified as discontinued operations in 2005 and prior
years, and accordingly are not included in the following analysis of continuing
operations. Similarly, in the second quarter of 2006 we entered into a stock
purchase agreement with a third party, which agreed to acquire all of the shares
of I-Link Communications Inc. (“ILC”) from the Company. The operational results
related to ILC were reclassified as discontinued operations in 2006 and prior
years, and are not included in the following analysis of continuing
operations.
Patent
licensing revenue is derived from licensing and related services revenue.
Utilizing our patented technology, VoIP enables telecommunications customers
to
originate a phone call on a traditional handset, transmit any part of that
call
via the Internet, and then terminate the call over the traditional telephone
network. Our VoIP Patent Portfolio is an international patent portfolio covering
the basic process and technology that enables VoIP communications. The Company
has engaged, and intends to continue to engage, in licensing agreements with
third parties domestically and internationally. At present, no ongoing royalties
are being paid to the Company. The Company plans to obtain licensing and
royalty
revenue from the target market for its patents. In this regard, in the third
quarter of 2005, the Company retained legal counsel with expertise in the
enforcement of intellectual property rights, and on June 15, 2006 C2
Communications Technologies Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company,
filed a patent infringement lawsuit against AT&T, Inc., Verizon
Communications, Inc., Qwest Communications International, Inc., Bellsouth
Corporation, Sprint Nextel Corporation, Global Crossing Limited, and Level
3
Communications, Inc. The complaint was filed in the Marshall Division of
the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, and alleges
that
these companies’ VoIP services and systems infringe the Company’s U.S. Patent
No. 6,243,373, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Implementing a Computer
Network/Internet Telephone System”. The complaint seeks an injunction,
monetary damages and costs. In April 2007, a trial date of August 4, 2008
was
set for the lawsuit. In June 2007, the complaint against Bellsouth Corporation
was dismissed without prejudice. In February 2008, the Company settled the
complaints against AT&T and Verizon by entering into settlement and license
agreements.
Revenue
and contributions from this business were historically based on the sales and
deployments of our VoIP solutions, which we ceased directly marketing in 2005,
rather than on the receipt of licensing fees and royalties. We expect to
generate ongoing licensing and royalty revenue in this business as we gain
recognition of the underlying value in our VoIP Patent Portfolio through the
enforcement of our intellectual property rights. In connection with the 2003
acquisition of U.S. Patent No. 6,243,373, the Company agreed to remit, to the
former owner of the patent, 35% of the net proceeds from future revenue derived
from the licensing of the VoIP Patent Portfolio. Net proceeds are defined as
revenue from licensing the VoIP Patent Portfolio less costs necessary to obtain
the licensing arrangement. To date, no payments have been made to the former
owner of the patent, as the relevant costs incurred have exceeded licensing
revenues. As we earn patent licensing revenues, we expect that there will be
net
proceeds that will be subject to the former owner’s 35%
entitlement.
19
2007
Compared to 2006
Patent
licensing revenues
were $0
in both 2007 and 2006.
Selling,
general, administrative and other expense
was
$1,216 for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $1,281 for the year
ended December 31, 2006. The significant changes included:
·
|
Compensation
expense was $304 compared to $234 in 2006. The salary earned by
the CEO of
C2 remained unchanged at $138; however, stock-based compensation
expense
increased by $27, from $139 in 2006 to $166 in 2007. In 2006 the
Company
incurred compensation expense of $27 for an
employee who provided technology-related services; his employment
terminated in the second quarter of 2006 and
consequently there
was no corresponding expense in 2007. Also, in the first quarter
of 2006
the Company recorded a credit of $69 relating to the reversal of
bonus
expense accrued in 2005 that was subsequently determined not to
be
warranted; there were no similar transactions in
2007.
|
·
|
Legal
expenses in 2007 were $157, comparable to $171 in
2006.
|
·
|
Accounting
and tax consulting expenses in 2007 were $146 compared to $295
in 2006.
The decrease reflects the reduced complexity of the Company’s operations
following the disposition of the Telecommunications business in
the third
quarter of 2005.
|
·
|
Fees
paid to the members of our Board of Directors were $104 in 2007
and
2006.
|
·
|
Management
fee expense charged by our majority stockholder, Counsel, was $225
in both
2007 and 2006. See Item 13 of this Report for details regarding
these
management fees.
|
·
|
Directors
and officers insurance expense was $150 in both 2007 and
2006.
|
·
|
In
the second quarter of 2007, the Company incurred expenses of $60
with
respect to filing fees for patents being issued in various European
countries. There was no corresponding expense in
2006.
|
Depreciation
and amortization
- This
expense was $20 in both 2007 and 2006, and relates to the amortization of
the
cost of the VoIP Patent.
The
changes in other
income (expense)
are
primarily related to the following:
·
|
Related
party interest expense was $184 in 2007, as compared to $10,390
in 2006.
The decrease of $10,206 is primarily due to the decrease in the
balance
owing to Counsel. As discussed in Note 13 of the consolidated financial
statements, on December 30, 2006, Counsel converted $3,386 of the
$83,582
owed by C2 into 3,847,475 common shares and forgave the remaining
balance
of $80,196. Subsequent net advances by Counsel of $2,151 through
December
31, 2007 resulted in much lower interest expense during 2007. It
should
also be noted that the related party interest expense in 2006 included
$2,848 of amortization of the beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”)
related to Counsel’s ability to convert a portion of its debt. The BCF was
fully amortized in 2006, prior to the debt forgiveness by Counsel,
and
there has been no corresponding expense in
2007.
|
·
|
Third
party interest expense was $12 in 2007, as compared to $510 in
2006. All
of the interest expense related to the Note and the warrant to
purchase
common stock, both held by the Company’s third party lender. As discussed
in Note 9, the Note was prepaid in full effective January 10, 2007,
and
therefore the 2007 expense consists of interest and discount amortization
for only ten days. In 2006, the combined interest expense and discount
amortization were $588, and the Company recorded a credit of $78
as a mark
to market adjustment on the warrant to purchase common stock. The
2006
mark to market adjustment on the warrant was based on the closing
price of
the Company’s common stock on the last day of each quarter. As discussed
in Note 9, in the fourth quarter of 2006 the warrant was transferred
to
stockholders’ equity and therefore no mark to market adjustments were
required in 2007.
|
·
|
In
2007 the Company had other expense of $207, as compared to other
income of
$155 in 2006. The 2007 expense is primarily composed of the $293
cost to
prepay the Note owed to the third party lender, as detailed in
Note 9. It
also includes the gain of $75 on the sale of the Company’s interest in
MyTrade.com, as detailed in Note 5, and $6 of income related to
investments where the Company has significant influence, as also
detailed
in Note 5. During 2007 the Company earned $2 of bank interest and
received
$3 as a reduction of prior years’ insurance premiums. The 2006 income
primarily consists of the recovery of $110 of receivables that
were fully
reserved against when acquired in 2001 as part of the acquisition
of the
assets of WorldxChange Communications Inc. from bankruptcy, as
a result of
the Company entering into settlement agreements with certain carriers.
The
remaining income in 2006 related to interest earned on cash deposits.
|
20
2006
Compared to 2005
Patent
licensing revenues
were $0
in both 2006 and 2005.
Selling,
general, administrative and other expense
was
$1,281 for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to $2,758 for the year
ended December 31, 2005. The significant changes included:
·
|
Compensation
expense was $234 compared to $275 in 2005. The 2005 expense included
a
bonus accrual of $69, which was reversed in the first quarter of
2006 upon
determination that it was not warranted. After the effects of the
bonus
are removed, the comparative expense amounts for 2006 and 2005
are $303
and $206, respectively. On January 1, 2006 the Company adopted
SFAS No.
123(R), which resulted in $139 of compensation expense being recorded
in
2006. No corresponding expense was recorded in 2005. In 2006, the
salary
expense for the Company’s technology-related
employees
was $27, but the corresponding compensation costs in 2005 were
included in
research and development expense. These increases in compensation
expense
recorded in 2006 as compared to 2005 were partially offset by a
reduction
in the annual salary earned by the CEO of C2. Effective July 1,
2005, the
annual salary was reduced from $275 to $138, with the result that
the 2006
expense was $69 lower than the 2005 expense. The change in salary
reflected the reduced complexity of the Company’s operations following the
sale of the Telecommunications business in the third quarter of
2005.
|
·
|
Legal
expenses in 2006 were $171 compared to $845 in 2005. The decrease
in legal
expenses resulted primarily from a reduced level of activity in
the
Company’s patent litigation with ITXC. This litigation had commenced in
April 2004 and was terminated in March
2006.
|
·
|
Accounting
and tax consulting expenses in 2006 were $295 compared to $242
in
2005.
|
·
|
Fees
paid to the members of our Board of Directors were $104 in 2006
compared
to $168 in 2005. The decrease is attributable to two factors. The
first is
that fewer meetings were held during 2006. As well, the Board was
smaller
during 2006, having been reduced, at the end of the first quarter
of 2005,
from eight members to four members.
|
·
|
Management
fee expense charged by our majority stockholder, Counsel, was $225
in 2006
and $450 in 2005. See Item 13 of this Report for details regarding
these
management fees.
|
·
|
Directors
and officers insurance expense was $150 in both 2006 and
2005.
|
·
|
Travel
and entertainment expenses in 2006 were $18 compared to $240 in
2005. The
reduced level of expense in 2006 reflects the decreased complexity
of
operations following the sale of the Telecommunications business
in the
third quarter of 2005.
|
·
|
We
incurred restructuring expenses of $152 in 2005, relating to severance
costs paid to former employees in the third quarter of 2005. There
were no
similar expenses in 2006.
|
Research
and development (“R&D”) costs
- In
2004, the Company resumed R&D activities related to its VoIP technology
platform. The Company suspended its R&D expenditures in the third quarter of
2005 in conjunction with its decision to focus all business efforts on the
realization of licensing fees associated with its intellectual property. There
was therefore no R&D expense in 2006, compared to $389 in 2005.
Depreciation
and amortization
- This
expense was $20 in 2006 compared to $32 in 2005. In 2006, this expense consisted
solely of amortization of the cost of the VoIP Patent. In 2005, the Company
also
incurred depreciation expense on equipment that it acquired in December 2004
and
sold in September 2005.
The
changes in other
income (expense)
are
primarily related to the following:
·
|
Related
party interest expense was $10,390 in 2006, as compared to $12,154
in
2005. The decrease of $1,764 is attributable to two factors. Interest
expense on the related party debt with our majority stockholder,
Counsel,
increased by $1,362, from $6,180 in 2005 to $7,542 in 2006. This
was due
to a larger average loan balance during 2006, including additional
advances during 2006 of $2,401. The interest expense was partially
offset
by a reduction of $3,126 in amortization of the BCF related to
Counsel’s
ability to convert a portion of its debt. In 2006, amortization
of the BCF
was $2,848 on $19,966 of debt convertible at $5.02 per share. In
2005,
amortization of the BCF was $5,974 on $18,270 of debt convertible
at $5.02
per share. As discussed above, this debt was forgiven by Counsel
on
December 30, 2006.
|
21
·
|
Third
party interest expense was $510 in 2006, as compared to $658 in
2005. The
decrease of $148 is due to the fact that the Note with the Company’s third
party lender, entered into on October 14, 2004, had a lower average
balance during 2006 than during 2005. As discussed above, this
debt was
repaid in full in January 2007.
|
·
|
Other
income was $155 for 2006, as compared to $1,084 in 2005. In the
second
quarter of 2006, the Company entered into settlement agreements
with
certain carriers, which resulted in the recovery of $110 of receivables
that were fully reserved against when acquired in 2001 as part
of the
acquisition of the assets of WorldxChange Communications Inc. from
bankruptcy. The remaining income is primarily due to interest earned
on
cash balances, including interest on the $1,800 deposit that was
placed
with the Company’s third party lender in October 2005 and subsequently
applied to the monthly payments of the Note. In 2005, $1,115 of
other
income was attributable to settlement agreements with certain carriers,
similar to those described for 2006. The 2005 income was partially
offset
by a charge of $38 when fixed assets were transferred to a former
employee
in return for future royalty revenues.
|
Adoption
of Significant Accounting Pronouncements
In
July
2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation No. 48, Accounting
for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No.
109
("FIN
48"). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized
in a company's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, and
prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to
be
taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosure and transition. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48
effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 had no material effect on
the
financial position, operations or cash flow of the Company. See Note 12 for
further discussion of the Company’s income taxes.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements
(“SFAS
No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value under GAAP, expands the required disclosures regarding
fair
value measurements, and applies to other accounting pronouncements that either
require or permit fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007, and for interim periods within those
fiscal years, with early adoption encouraged. SFAS No. 157 is to be applied
prospectively, with a limited form of retrospective application for several
financial instruments. The Company elected to adopt SFAS No. 157 at January
1,
2007, in order to conform to the adoption of a similar Canadian accounting
pronouncement by its parent, Counsel Corporation. The Company’s adoption of SFAS
No. 157 had no effect on its financial position, operations or cash flows.
In
February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, Effective
Date of FASB Statement No. 157
(“FSP
FAS 157-2”). FSP FAS 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all
nonrecurring fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. FSP FAS 157-2
states that a measurement is recurring if it happens at least annually and
defines nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as all assets and
liabilities other than those meeting the definition of a financial asset or
financial liability in SFAS No. 159, The
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, Including
an
Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115
(“SFAS
No. 159”, discussed below). FSP FAS 157-2 is effective upon issuance. Entities
that applied the measurement and disclosure guidance in SFAS No. 157 in
preparing either interim or annual financial statements issued before the
effective date of the FSP are not eligible for the FSP’s deferral provisions.
Entities are encouraged to adopt SFAS No. 157 in its entirety, as long as they
have not yet issued financial statements during that year. An entity that
chooses to adopt SFAS No. 157 in its entirety must do so for all nonfinancial
assets and nonfinancial liabilities within its scope. As C2 had not employed
fair value accounting for any of its nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities prior to its adoption of SFAS No. 157 at January 1, 2007, FSP FAS
157-2 had no effect on its financial position, operations or cash
flows.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159. SFAS No. 159 provides the
option to measure selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value,
and
requires the fair values of those assets and liabilities to be shown on the
face
of the balance sheet. It also requires the provision of additional information
regarding the reasons for electing the fair value option and the effect of
the
election on current period earnings. SFAS No. 159 also establishes presentation
and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities
that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and
liabilities. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted if SFAS No. 157 is also
adopted. SFAS No. 159 is to be applied prospectively. The Company did not elect
early adoption of SFAS No. 159, and is currently evaluating the impact that
SFAS
No. 159 will have on its financial statements when adopted.
22
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business
Combinations
(“SFAS
No. 141(R)”) and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements
(“SFAS
No. 160”). SFAS No. 141(R) replaces SFAS No. 141 and SFAS No. 160 amends
Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Together, SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 substantially increase the use of
fair value and make significant changes to the way companies account
for
business combinations and noncontrolling interests. Specifically, they will
require more assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be measured at fair
value as of the acquisition date, liabilities related to contingent
consideration to be remeasured at fair value in each subsequent reporting
period, acquisition-related costs to be expensed, and noncontrolling interests
in subsidiaries to be initially measured at fair value and classified as a
separate component of equity.
SFAS No.
141(R) and SFAS No. 160 are effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008, with early adoption prohibited. They are to be applied
prospectively, with one exception relating to income taxes. The Company is
currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 will
have
on its financial statements when adopted.
Critical
Accounting Policies
Use
of estimates
Our
consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). This
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
Significant
estimates required for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements
included in Item 15 of this Report were those related to intangible assets,
goodwill, investments, deferred tax assets, liabilities, and contingencies
surrounding litigation. These estimates are considered significant because
of
the significance of the financial statement item to which they relate, or
because they require judgment and estimation due to the uncertainty involved
in
measuring, at a specific point in time, events that are continuous in nature.
Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and
various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances, as discussed below.
Revenue
recognition
Revenue
is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has
occurred or services have been rendered, the Company’s price to the customer is
fixed and determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably
assured. Revenues where collectibility is not assured are recognized when the
total cash collections to be retained by the Company are finalized.
Intangible
assets and goodwill
At
December 31, 2007, the Company’s intangible assets consist of the patent rights
associated with the VoIP Patent, and the Company’s goodwill relates to an
investment in a subsidiary company that holds the rights to some of the
Company’s patents. The patent rights are being amortized over 60
months.
The
Company assesses the fair value of its intangible assets and its goodwill based
upon the fair value of the Company as a consolidated entity, with the Company’s
valuation being based upon its market capitalization. Management believes this
to be the most reasonable method at the current time, given the absence of
a
predictable revenue stream and the corresponding inability to use an alternative
valuation method such as a discounted cash flow analysis. At December 31, 2007,
the Company’s market capitalization significantly exceeded the carrying amount
of its total assets, and therefore the Company’s management determined that no
impairment was present.
We
cannot
predict the occurrence of future events that might adversely affect the reported
value of the intangible assets or the goodwill. Such events may include, but
are
not limited to, strategic decisions made in response to economic and competitive
conditions, judgments on the validity of the Company’s VoIP Patent Portfolio, or
other factors not known to management at this time.
23
Investments
The
Company holds a minority preferred share investment in Buddy Media, Inc., a
minority investment in LIMOS.com LLC, and a one-third interest in Knight’s
Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC.
The
Buddy
Media, Inc. preferred shares are not readily marketable, and are convertible
into common stock that is also not readily marketable. The investment is
accounted for under the cost method, which requires the fair value of the
securities to be estimated quarterly using the best available information as
of
the evaluation date in order to determine whether there have been any other
than
temporary impairments in the investment’s carrying value. The fair value is
estimated according to the guidelines of SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements,
and
given the nature of the investments it is based upon Level 3 inputs. Based
on
the Company’s analysis of information provided by Buddy Media, Inc., management
concluded that the fair value of the investment was not impaired at December
31,
2007.
As
discussed in more detail in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements,
the
Company accounts for its investments in LIMOS.com LLC and Knight’s Bridge
Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC using the equity method. Under
this
method, the investments are carried at cost, plus or minus the Company’s share
of increases and decreases in the investee’s net assets and certain other
adjustments. The Company’s share of the net income or loss of the investee is
included in other income in the Company’s income statement, and any dividends
received from the investee are credited to the investment account.
Liabilities
The
Company is involved from time to time in various legal matters arising out
of
its operations in the normal course of business. On a case by case basis, the
Company evaluates the likelihood of possible outcomes for this litigation.
Based
on this evaluation, the Company determines whether a liability accrual is
appropriate. If the likelihood of a negative outcome is probable, and the amount
is estimable, the Company accounts for the liability in the current period.
At
this time, the Company does not believe that the outcome of the shareholder
litigation in which it is currently involved will have a material adverse impact
on its business, results of operations, financial position or
liquidity.
Stock-Based
Compensation
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has several stock-based compensation plans,
which
are described more fully in Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements.
The Company calculates stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No.
123,
Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation,
as
revised December 2004 (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which it was required to adopt in the
first quarter of 2006. SFAS No. 123(R) superseded Accounting Principles Board
Opinion No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees,
and
related Interpretations (“APB No. 25”), and requires that all stock-based
compensation, including options, be expensed at fair value, as of the grant
date, over the vesting period. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted
for these plans under the recognition and measurement principles of APB No.
25,
under which stock-based employee compensation cost was not reflected in net
loss, as all options granted under these plans had an exercise price equal
to
the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. In
accordance with SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148, the Company provided
footnote disclosure of the pro forma stock-based compensation cost, net loss
and
net loss per share as if the fair-value based method of expense recognition
and
measurement prescribed by SFAS No. 123 had been applied to all employee
options.
All
options are granted with an exercise price that is equal to, or greater than,
the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and the
options vest in four equal installments beginning one year from the grant date.
The Company estimates the fair value of each option grant on the grant date
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:
an
expected volatility of 79%, the discount window primary credit rate for the
appropriate term, as supplied by the Federal Reserve, an expected term of 4.75
years as calculated according to the provisions of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin
No. 107, and a dividend yield of zero.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation expense
of $176, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period
of
approximately 14 months.
24
Income
taxes
The
Company records deferred taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting
for Income Taxes (“SFAS
No. 109”). This statement requires recognition of deferred tax assets and
liabilities for temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and
liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the financial
statements, based upon the enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which
the
differences are expected to reverse. The Company establishes a valuation
allowance when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected
to
be realized.
In
July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation No. 48, Accounting
for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No.
109
("FIN
48"). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized
in a company's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, and
prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to
be
taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosure and transition. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48
effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 had no material effect on
the financial position, operations or cash flow of the Company. See Note 12
for
further discussion of the Company’s income taxes.
The
Company periodically assesses the value of its deferred tax asset, which has
been generated by a history of net operating and net capital losses, and which
has been recognized in accordance with FIN 48, and determines the necessity
for
a valuation allowance. The Company evaluates which portion of the deferred tax
asset, if any, will more likely than not be realized by offsetting future
taxable income, taking into consideration any limitations that may exist on
its
use of its net operating and net capital loss carryforwards.
Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market
Risk.
Our
exposure to market risk is limited to interest rate sensitivity, which is
affected by changes in the general level of interest rates. Due to the minimal
amount of cash and cash equivalents currently on hand, we believe that we are
not subject to any material interest rate risk as it relates to interest income.
As to interest expense, at December 31, 2007 we had no variable rate debt
instruments. We do not believe that we are subject to material market risk
on
our fixed rate debt with Counsel in the near term.
We
did
not have any foreign currency hedges or other derivative financial instruments
as of December 31, 2007. We do not enter into financial instruments for trading
or speculative purposes and do not currently utilize derivative financial
instruments. Our operations are conducted primarily in the United States and
as
such are not subject to material foreign currency exchange rate risk.
Item
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See
Consolidated Financial Statements and supplementary data beginning on pages
F-1
and S-1.
Item
9. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting
and Financial
Disclosure.
None.
Item
9A(T). Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As
of the
end of the period covered by this Report, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer (the “Certifying Officers”) conducted evaluations of our
disclosure controls and procedures. As defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the
term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures of
an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed
by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act
is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified
in the Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include,
without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s
management, including the Certifying Officers, to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, the Certifying Officers
have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective.
25
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The
Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting, in accordance with Rules 13a-15(f)
and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the
participation of the Company’s management, including the Certifying Officers, we
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal
Control—Integrated Framework
issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.
The
Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies
and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance
that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and
that
receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance
with
authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a
material effect on the financial statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may
not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Based
on
its assessment using these criteria, the Company’s management concluded that the
Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007.
This
Report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent
registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial
reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of
the
SEC that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this
Report.
Changes
in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
There
were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
fourth fiscal quarter of 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
Item
9B. Other Information.
None.
26
PART
III
Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate
Governance.
Under
our
Articles of Incorporation, as amended, the Board of Directors is divided into
three classes, with the total number of directors to be not less than five
and
not more than nine. Each director is to serve a term of three years or until
his
or her successor is duly elected and qualified. As of the date hereof, the
Board
of Directors consists of five members: one Class I director (Mr. Shimer), three
Class II directors (Messrs. Toh, Heaton, and Silber) and one Class III director
(Mr. Turock). The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions
with
C2 of the persons who currently serve as our directors and executive officers.
There are no family relationships between any present executive officers and
directors.
Name
|
Age
(1)
|
Title
|
||
Allan
C. Silber
|
59
|
Chairman
of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
|
||
Hal
B. Heaton
|
57
|
Director
(2), (3), (4), (5)
|
||
Henry
Y.L. Toh
|
50
|
Director
(2), (3), (4), (5)
|
||
Samuel
L. Shimer
|
44
|
Director
(2)
|
||
David
L. Turock
|
50
|
Director
(2), (6)
|
||
Stephen
A. Weintraub
|
60
|
Executive
Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Financial
Officer
|
(1)
|
As
of December 31, 2007.
|
|
(2)
|
Independent
Director
|
|
(3)
|
Member
of the Audit Committee
|
|
(4)
|
Member
of the Compensation Committee
|
|
(5)
|
Member
of the Special Committee of Independent Directors
|
|
(6)
|
Appointed
to the Board of Directors January 16,
2008
|
Set
forth
below are descriptions of the backgrounds of the executive officers and
directors of the Company and their principal occupations for the past five
years:
Allan
C. Silber,
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Silber was elected to
the
Board of Directors as a Class II director in September 2001. He was appointed
as
Chairman of the Board in November 2001, a position he held until October 2004,
and was again appointed as Chairman of the Board in March 2005. Mr. Silber
is
the Chairman and CEO of Counsel Corporation, which he founded in 1979. Mr.
Silber attended McMaster University and received a Bachelor of Science degree
from the University of Toronto.
Hal
B. Heaton,
Director. Dr. Heaton was appointed by the Board of Directors as a Class II
director on June 14, 2000 to fill a board vacancy. In March 2005, Mr. Heaton
was
appointed as Chairman of the Special Committee of Independent Directors. From
1982 to present he has been a professor of Finance at Brigham Young University
and between 1988 and 1990 was a visiting professor of Finance at Harvard
University. Dr. Heaton holds a Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science/Mathematics
and a Master’s in Business Administration from Brigham Young University, as well
as a Master’s degree in Economics and a Ph.D. in Finance from Stanford
University.
Henry
Y.L. Toh,
Director. The Board of Directors elected Mr. Toh as a Class II director and
as
Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors in April 1992. Mr. Toh became President
of C2 in May 1993, Acting Chief Financial Officer in September 1995 and Chairman
of the Board in May 1996, and served as such through September 1996. Mr. Toh
was
appointed as Chairman of the Audit Committee in March 2005. Mr. Toh has served
as a director of Four M International, Inc, a privately held offshore investment
entity, since 1992; a director of I DNA, Inc., a specialized finance and
entertainment company, since 1998; a director of Teletouch Communications,
Inc.,
a retail provider of internet, cellular and paging services, since 2001; a
director of Isolagen, Inc., a biotechnology company, since 2004; a director
of
Labcock Technologies, Inc., since 2005; and a director of American Surgical
Holdings, Inc. since 2006. Mr. Toh has been a director and Chief Executive
Officer of Amerique Investments since 1992. Mr. Toh is a graduate of Rice
University.
Samuel
L. Shimer,
Director. Mr. Shimer was appointed by the Board of Directors as a Class I
director on April 15, 2001 to fill a board vacancy. He was appointed Senior
Vice
President, Mergers & Acquisitions and Business Development on February 12,
2003 and he terminated his employment with the Company on February 27, 2004
to
join J. H. Whitney & Co., an asset management company. From 1997 to February
2003 he was employed by Counsel as a Managing Director. From 1991 to 1997,
Mr.
Shimer worked at two merchant banking funds affiliated with Lazard Frères &
Co., Center Partners and Corporate Partners, ultimately serving as a Principal.
Mr. Shimer earned a Bachelor of Science in Economics degree from The Wharton
School of the University of Pennsylvania, and a Master’s of Business
Administration degree from Harvard Business School.
27
David
L. Turock,
Director. Mr. Turock was appointed by the Board of Directors as a Class III
director on January 16, 2008 to fill a board vacancy. Mr. Turock began his
career working with AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1982 and Bell Communications
Research in 1988, and subsequently founded enhanced telephone service provider,
Call Sciences. He later formed Interexchange, which designed and operated one
of
the world’s largest debit card systems. Most recently, from 2001 to 2007, Mr.
Turock was Chief Technology Officer of Therap Services, a provider of
informatics services to disabled patients. Mr. Turock is also the inventor
of
the Company’s VoIP Patent. Mr. Turock received his B.S. in Experimental
Psychology from Syracuse University, his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Cognitive
Psychology from Rutgers University, and his M.S.E. in Computer Science from
the
Moore School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Stephen
A. Weintraub,
Executive Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Financial Officer.
Mr.
Weintraub was appointed Senior Vice President and Secretary of C2 in December
2002. Mr. Weintraub was elected as a Class I director on November 26, 2003,
and
served as a director until June 15, 2004. He became an Executive Vice President
in October 2005 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in December 2005.
Mr.
Weintraub joined Counsel in June 1983 as Vice President, Finance and Chief
Financial Officer. He has been and is an officer and director of Counsel
and various Counsel subsidiaries. He has been Secretary of Counsel since 1987
and was appointed Senior Vice President in 1989. In December 2004, Mr. Weintraub
was promoted to Executive Vice President and Secretary and became Chief
Financial Officer again in December 2005. Mr. Weintraub received a Bachelor’s
degree in Commerce from the University of Toronto in 1969, qualified as a
Chartered Accountant with Clarkson, Gordon (now Ernst & Young LLP) in 1972
and received his law degree (LL.B.) from Osgoode Hall Law School, York
University in 1975. Mr. Weintraub is a director of Counsel Corporation, the
parent company of C2.
Each
officer of C2 has been appointed by the Board of Directors and holds his office
at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
C2
and
four of C2’s current and former executives and board members were named in
derivative and securities actions filed in the Superior Court of the State
of
California in and for the County of San Diego on April 16, 2004, as described
in
Item 3 of this Report. No director or officer of our company has, during the
last five years: (i) been convicted of any criminal proceeding (excluding
traffic violations or similar misdemeanors) or (ii) been a party to a civil
proceeding of a judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction and
as
a result of such proceeding was or is subject to a judgment, decree or final
order enjoining future violations of, or prohibiting or mandating activities
subject to, United States federal or state securities laws, or finding any
violations with respect to such laws.
Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section
16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our officers and directors, and persons
who
own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities, to
file reports of ownership and changes in ownership of equity securities of
C2
with the SEC. Officers, directors, and greater than ten percent stockholders
are
required by the SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a)
forms that they file.
Based
solely upon a review of Forms 3 and Forms 4 furnished to us pursuant to Rule
16a-3 under the Exchange Act during our most recent fiscal year, and Forms
5
with respect to our most recent fiscal year, we believe that all such forms
required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) were timely filed as necessary,
by the executive officers, directors and security holders required to file
same
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Code
of Ethics
C2
has
adopted a code of ethics that applies to its employees, including its principal
executive, financial and accounting officers or persons performing similar
functions. The C2 Code of Conduct (the “Code”) can be found on the Company’s
website at http://www.c-2technologies.com
(follow
Corporate Governance link to Governance Documents tab). The Company intends
to
satisfy the disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any
amendments to, or waivers from, a provision of the Code that applies to its
principal executive, financial and accounting officers or persons performing
similar functions by posting such information on its website at the website
address set forth above.
Corporate
Governance
Audit
Committee
The
Audit
Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the Board of Directors
concerning the selection and engagement of independent accountants and for
reviewing the scope of the annual audit, audit fees, results of the audit and
independent registered public accounting firm’s independence. The Audit
Committee is also responsible for corporate governance, and reviews and
discusses with management and the Board of Directors such matters as accounting
policies, internal accounting controls and procedures for preparation of
financial statements. Its membership is currently comprised of Mr. Toh
(Chairman) and Mr. Heaton, both independent directors. The Audit Committee
held
four meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. On June 9, 2000,
the Board of Directors approved C2’s Audit Committee Charter, which was
subsequently revised and amended on July 10, 2001 and again on February 12,
2003
in order to incorporate certain updates in light of the most recent regulatory
developments, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. A copy of the current
Audit Committee Charter is available on the Company’s website www.c-2technologies.com.
28
Board
Meetings and Committees; Annual Meeting Attendance
The
Board
of Directors held four meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31,
2007.
The
Board
of Directors has designated three standing committees: the Audit Committee,
the
Compensation Committee, and the Special Committee of Independent Directors.
The
Board
has no formal policy regarding attendance at annual shareholder meetings;
however, directors are encouraged to attend. No annual shareholder meeting
was
held during 2007.
Audit
Committee Financial Expert
The
Board
of Directors has determined that Mr. Henry Y.L. Toh is an audit committee
financial expert as defined by Item 407(d) of Regulation S-K under the
Securities Act and is independent within the meaning of Item 7(d)(3)(iv) of
Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act.
Special
Committee of Independent Directors
The
Special Committee of Independent Directors reviews and makes recommendations
to
the Board of Directors on potential merger and acquisition activities of the
business and potential financings. The Committee was formed on December 7,
2004
and is comprised of Messrs. Heaton (Chairman) and Toh. Mr. Heaton joined the
committee on March 30, 2005. The Special Committee held no meetings during
the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Nominating
Committee and Nomination of Directors
C2
does
not have a nominating or a corporate governance committee. However, corporate
governance functions are included in the Audit Committee Charter, and Board
nominations are considered by the full Board. There are no specific criteria
for
Director nominees; however, the Board looks for individuals who are independent
and knowledgeable with respect to general business matters. There has been
no
material change in the procedures by which our shareholders may recommend
nominees to our Board of Directors since such procedures were adopted and
implemented.
29
Item
11. Executive Compensation.
Compensation
Discussion and Analysis
Summary
This
report is the Compensation Discussion and Analysis of our executive compensation
program and an explanation and analysis of the material elements of total
compensation paid to each of our named executive officers. Included in the
discussion is an overview and description of:
· |
our
compensation philosophy and
program;
|
· |
the
objectives of our compensation
program;
|
· |
what
the compensation program is designed to
reward;
|
· |
each
element of compensation;
|
· |
why
we choose to pay each element;
|
· |
how
we determine the amount for each element;
and
|
· |
how
each compensation element and our decision regarding that element
fit into
our overall compensation objectives and affect decisions regarding
other
elements.
|
In
reviewing our executive compensation program, we considered issues pertaining
to
policies and practices for allocating between long-term and currently paid
compensation and those policies for allocating between cash and non-cash
compensation. We also considered the determinations for granting awards,
performance factors for our company and our named executive officers, and how
specific elements of compensation are structured and taken into account in
making compensation decisions. Questions related to the benchmarking of total
compensation or any material element of compensation, the tax and accounting
treatment of particular forms of compensation and the role of executive officers
(if any) in the total compensation process also are addressed where
appropriate.
General
Executive Compensation Philosophy
We
compensate our executive management through a combination of base salaries,
merit based performance bonuses, and long-term equity compensation that is
designed to be competitive with similarly situated companies within our
industry. Our executive compensation program is structured to align management’s
incentives with the long-term interests of our shareholders, and to maximize
profitability and shareholder value.
We
adhere
to the following compensation policies, which are designed to support the
achievement of our business strategies:
·
|
Our
executive compensation program should strengthen the relationship
between
compensation, both cash and equity-based, and performance by emphasizing
variable, at-risk compensation that is dependent upon the successful
achievement of specified corporate, business unit and individual
performance goals.
|
·
|
A
portion of each executive’s total compensation should be comprised of
long-term, at-risk compensation to focus management on the long-term
interests of shareholders.
|
·
|
An
appropriately balanced mix of at-risk incentive cash and equity-based
compensation aligns the interests of our executives with that of
our
shareholders. The equity-based component promotes a continuing
focus on
building profitability and shareowner
value.
|
·
|
Total
compensation should enhance our ability to attract, retain, motivate
and
develop knowledgeable and experienced executives upon whom, in
large part,
our successful operation and management
depends.
|
We
set
compensation by establishing targeted compensation levels for each senior
executive and allocating that compensation amount among base salary, merit-based
compensation bonuses, and long-term equity compensation. At the highest and
most
senior levels, we offer incentive based compensation to reward company wide
performance and to maximize future profitability, stock appreciation and
shareholder value.
A
core
principle of our executive compensation program is the belief that compensation
paid to executive officers should be closely aligned with our near- and
long-term success, while simultaneously giving us the flexibility to recruit
and
retain the most qualified key executives. Our compensation program is structured
so that it is related to our stock performance and other factors, direct and
indirect, all of which may influence long-term shareholder value and our
success.
30
As
a
result, we have designed our total executive compensation plan to include the
following elements:
·
|
Annual
Base Salaries;
|
· |
Annual
Performance-Based Cash Bonuses;
|
·
|
Long-Term
Equity -Based Compensation
|
We
utilize each of these elements of executive compensation to ensure proper
balance between our short- and long-term success as well as between our
financial performance and shareholder return. In this regard, we believe that
the executive compensation program for our named executive officers is
consistent with our financial performance and the performance of each named
executive officer.
Our
Named Executive Officers for 2007
This
analysis focuses on the compensation paid to our “named executive officers,”
which is a defined term generally encompassing all persons that served as our
principal executive officer or principal financial officer at any time during
the fiscal year, as well as certain other highly paid executive officers serving
in such positions at the end of the fiscal year. During 2006 and 2007, our
named
executive officers consisted of the following officers:
Allan
C. Silber
- our
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Silber is the Chairman
and CEO of Counsel Corporation, our majority shareholder, which he founded
in
1979.
Stephen
A. Weintraub
- our
Executive Vice President, Corporate Secretary and Chief Financial Officer since
December 2005. Mr. Weintraub is the Executive Vice President, Corporate
Secretary and Chief Financial Officer of Counsel Corporation.
Except
for the CEO, our company had no paid employees during 2006 and
2007.
Elements
of Compensation
Base
Salaries
Unless
determined pursuant to their employment agreements, the base salaries of the
Company’s named executive officers are evaluated annually. In evaluating
appropriate pay levels and salary increases for such officers, the Compensation
Committee considers achievement of the Company’s strategic goals, level of
responsibility, individual performance, and internal equity and external pay
practices. In addition, the Committee considers the scope of the executives’
responsibilities, taking into account competitive market compensation for
similar positions, as well as seniority of the individual, our ability to
replace the individual and other primarily judgmental factors deemed relevant
by
our Board of Directors and Compensation Committee.
Base
salaries are reviewed annually by our Compensation Committee and our Board,
and
adjusted from time to time pursuant to such review or at other appropriate
times, in order to align salaries with market levels after taking into account
individual responsibilities, performance and experience. For 2008, this review
will occur by June 30.
Except
for the CEO, the Company had no paid employees during 2006 and 2007. As noted
above, the Company’s CEO, Mr. Allan Silber, is also the CEO of Counsel. Mr.
Silber’s initial annual salary of $275, and a discretionary bonus of up to 100%
of his base salary, were identical to the compensation being paid to the
outgoing President and CEO, whom Mr. Silber replaced at the end of 2002.
Following the finalization, in May 2005, of the agreement to sell our
Telecommunications business, in the third quarter of 2005 Mr. Silber’s annual
salary and bonus were reduced by 50%, to $137.5 salary and a discretionary
bonus
of up to 100% of his base salary. However, given the continued involvement
of
Mr. Silber, as well as the involvement of other employees of Counsel who receive
no direct compensation from the Company, the Compensation Committee made
discretionary grants of options to purchase common shares to both Mr. Silber
and
those employees in the third quarter of 2006.
Bonuses
Bonus
awards are designed to focus management attention on key operational goals
for
the current fiscal year. Our company executives may earn a bonus based upon
achievement of their specific operational goals and achievement by the Company
or business unit of its financial targets. Cash bonus awards are distributed
based upon the Company and the individual meeting performance criteria
objectives. The final determination for all bonus payments is made by our
Compensation Committee.
We
set
bonuses based on certain performance measures in order to maximize and align
the
interests of our officers with those of our shareholders. Although performance
goals are generally standard for determining bonus awards, we have and will
consider additional performance rating goals when evaluating the bonus
compensation structure of our executive management. In addition, in instances
where the employee has responsibility over a specific area, performance goals
may be directly tied to the overall performance of that particular area. It
is
not expected that any bonuses will be awarded for 2007.
31
Equity
Incentive Grants
In
keeping with our philosophy of providing a total compensation package that
favors at-risk components of pay, long-term incentives comprise a significant
component of our executives’ total compensation package. These incentives are
designed to motivate and reward executives for maximizing shareowner value
and
encourage the long-term employment of key employees. Our objective is to provide
executives with above-average, long-term incentive award
opportunities.
We
view
stock options as our primary long-term compensation vehicle for our executive
officers. Stock options generally are granted at the prevailing market price
on
the date of grant and will have value only if our stock price increases. Grants
of stock options generally are based upon our performance, the level of the
executive’s position, and an evaluation of the executive’s past and expected
future performance. We do not time or plan the release of material, non-public
information for the purpose of affecting the value of executive
compensation.
We
believe that stock options will continue to be used as the predominant form
of
stock-based compensation.
Other
Benefits
There
are
no other benefits provided to employees at this time, including pension,
severance or change in control benefits.
Tax
Considerations
Section
162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code places limits on the deductibility of
compensation in excess of $1 million paid to executive officers of publicly
held
companies. The Compensation Committee does not believe that Section 162(m)
has
had or will have any impact on the compensation policies followed by the
Company.
Executive
Compensation Process
Compensation
Committee
Our
Compensation Committee oversees and approves all compensation and awards made
to
executive officers under our executive compensation program. The Compensation
Committee reviews the performance and compensation of the Chief Executive
Officer, without his participation, and establishes his compensation
accordingly, with consultation from others when appropriate. For the remaining
executive officers, recommendations are made to the Compensation Committee
by
the Chief Executive Officer.
32
Executive
and Director Compensation - Tabular Disclosure
Please
note that all amounts reported in the tables below, and the accompanying notes,
are in dollars, rounded to the nearest dollar.
Summary
Compensation Table
The
following table sets forth the aggregate compensation for services rendered
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 by our Named Executive Officers,
which included our principal executive officer and principal financial officer.
We have no other officers or employees whose compensation is $100,000.00 or
more. As discussed in Item 13, certain employees of Counsel provide services
to
C2, and compensation for those services is provided and paid for under the
terms
and provisions of the certain Management Services Agreement (the “Agreement”)
entered into between Counsel and C2.
Name
and Principal Position
|
Year
|
Salary
|
Option
Awards1
|
Total
|
|||||||||
Allan
Silber
|
2007
|
$
|
137,500
|
$
|
33,563
|
$
|
171,063
|
||||||
Chairman
of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
|
2006
|
137,500
|
13,982
|
151,482
|
|||||||||
Stephen
Weintraub
|
2007
|
—
|
12,375
|
12,375
|
|||||||||
Executive
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and
Corporate Secretary
|
2006
|
—
|
5,155
|
5,155
|
1
The
amounts reported in this column relate solely to compensation expense associated
with options issued in 2006. Please see the “Grants
of Plan-Based Awards for the Year Ended December 31, 2006”
table,
as included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2006, for details of these options.
Grants
of Plan-Based Awards
There
were no grants of plan-based awards to the Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer during the year ended December 31, 2007. During 2006, the
Chief Executive Officer was granted 300,000 options to purchase common stock,
and the Chief Financial Officer was granted 75,000 options to purchase common
stock. Please see the “Grants
of Plan-Based Awards for the Year Ended December 31, 2006”
table,
as included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2006, for details of these options. There were no option awards to the Chief
Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer during 2005.
Allan
Silber, the CEO of C2, is an employee of Counsel. As CEO of C2, he is entitled
to an annual salary of $137,500, plus a discretionary bonus of 100% of the
base
salary. No bonus was paid for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, and
none is expected to be paid for the year ended December 31, 2007. Mr. Silber’s
compensation is expensed by C2.
Stephen
Weintraub, the CFO of C2, is an employee of Counsel. Mr. Weintraub has no
employment contract with C2. The cost of Mr. Weintraub’s services to C2 is a
component of the Agreement between C2 and Counsel. The Agreement was first
entered into in December 2004. Under the terms of the original Agreement, C2
agreed to make payment to Counsel for the past and future services to be
provided to the Company by certain Counsel personnel for the calendar years
of
2004 and 2005. The basis for such services charged is an allocation, based
on
time incurred, of the cost of the base compensation paid by Counsel to those
employees providing services to C2. In December 2005, C2 entered into a similar
agreement with Counsel for services to be provided by Counsel in 2006, with
the
allocation determined on the same basis as the Agreement, and in May 2007,
C2
and Counsel entered into a similar agreement for services to be provided during
2007. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the cost was $225,000,
as
compared to $450,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005. The amounts due
under
the Agreement are payable within 30 days following the respective year end,
subject to applicable restrictions. Any unpaid fee amounts bear interest at
10%
per annum commencing on the day after such year end. In the event of a change
of
control, merger or similar event of the C2, all amounts owing, including fees
incurred up to the date of the event, will become due and payable immediately
upon the occurrence of such event. The Company expects that Counsel will
continue to provide these services in 2008 on the same cost basis.
33
Outstanding
Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The
following table sets forth the detail of outstanding equity awards, as regards
exercisable and unexercisable options, at December 31, 2007.
Name
|
Number
of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options:
Exercisable
|
|
Number
of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options:
Unexercisable1
|
|
Option
Exercise Price($/Sh)
|
|
Option
Expiration Date
|
||||||
Allan
Silber
|
56,250
|
168,750
|
$
|
0.66
|
August
1, 2013
|
||||||||
Allan
Silber
|
18,750
|
56,250
|
1.11
|
August
1, 2013
|
|||||||||
Stephen
Weintraub
|
18,750
|
56,250
|
1.01
|
August
1, 2013
|
1
The
options vest 25% annually beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date,
which
was
August 1, 2006 for all options reported in this table.
Compensation
of Directors
The
following table sets forth the aggregate compensation for services rendered
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 by each person serving as a
director.
Name
|
Fees
Earned or Paid in Cash
|
|
Option
Awards1
|
|
Total
|
|||||
Henry
Y.L. Toh
|
$
|
44,000
|
$
|
4,406
|
$
|
48,406
|
||||
Hal
B. Heaton
|
36,000
|
4,496
|
40,496
|
|||||||
Samuel
L. Shimer
|
24,000
|
3,870
|
27,870
|
1
The
options vest 25% annually beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date.
The amount reported in this column relates to compensation expense associated
with options issued in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007. The table below provides
information regarding the current year compensation expense and grant date
fair
value of each option award underlying the reported 2007 compensation
expense.
34
DETAIL
OF DIRECTOR OPTION AWARDS EXPENSE
|
Name
|
Grant
Date
|
Number
of Options Awarded
|
Grant
Date Fair Value of Option Award
|
2007
Expense
|
|||||||||
Henry
Y.L. Toh
|
January
2, 2004
|
1,500
|
$
|
2,145
|
$
|
536
|
|||||||
|
August
10, 2004
|
10,000
|
5,400
|
1,350
|
|||||||||
|
April
1, 2005
|
10,000
|
3,600
|
900
|
|||||||||
|
April
3, 2006
|
10,000
|
3,300
|
825
|
|||||||||
|
April
2, 2007
|
10,000
|
4,600
|
795
|
|||||||||
|
$
|
4,406
|
|||||||||||
Hal
B. Heaton
|
January
2, 2004
|
1,750
|
$
|
2,502
|
$
|
626
|
|||||||
|
August
10, 2004
|
10,000
|
5,400
|
1,350
|
|||||||||
|
April
1, 2005
|
10,000
|
3,600
|
900
|
|||||||||
|
April
3, 2006
|
10,000
|
3,300
|
825
|
|||||||||
|
April
2, 2007
|
10,000
|
4,600
|
795
|
|||||||||
|
|
$
|
4,496
|
||||||||||
Samuel
L. Shimer
|
August
10, 2004
|
10,000
|
$
|
5,400
|
$
|
1,350
|
|||||||
|
April
1, 2005
|
10,000
|
3,600
|
900
|
|||||||||
|
April
3, 2006
|
10,000
|
3,300
|
825
|
|||||||||
|
April
2, 2007
|
10,000
|
4,600
|
795
|
|||||||||
|
$
|
3,870
|
Each
director who is not employed by C2 or by Counsel receives a $20,000 per year
cash retainer, $1,000 per meeting attended in person or by telephone, and an
annual grant of stock options to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock, which
is awarded on March 31 or the next business day. In addition, the Chairman
of
the Audit Committee receives a cash retainer of $10,000 per year, Audit
Committee members who are not the chair receive a cash retainer of $5,000 per
year, and other committee chairpersons receive an annual cash retainer of $2,000
per year. The directors are also eligible to receive options under our stock
option plans at the discretion of the Board of Directors. No discretionary
stock
options were awarded to the non-employee directors during 2007 or 2006. 300,000
stock options were awarded to Allan Silber during 2006, as disclosed above
in
the Summary Compensation table.
Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
The
Compensation Committee reviews and approves the compensation for executive
employees. The Compensation Committee Mandate was first approved by C2’s Board
of Directors on February 12, 2003. It was subsequently revised on December
9,
2005. The Compensation Committee Mandate is available on the Company’s website
www.c-2technologies.com.
According
to the Compensation Committee’s charter, the majority of the members must be
independent directors. The membership is currently comprised of Messrs. Heaton
(Chairman) and Toh, both independent directors. The Compensation Committee
held
one meeting during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
No
Compensation Committee members or other directors served:
·
|
as
a member of the compensation committee of another entity which
has had an
executive officer who has served on our compensation committee;
|
·
|
as
a director of another entity which has had an executive officer
who has
served on our compensation committee; or
|
·
|
as
a member of the compensation committee of another entity which
has had an
executive officer who has served as one of our
directors.
|
35
Compensation
Committee Report
The
following paragraphs in this section constitute information required pursuant
to
Section 407(e)(5) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended. In accordance with these rules, the information so provided
is
“”furnished”, not “filed” with the SEC.
1. The
Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion
and Analysis (“CD&A”) set forth above with the management of the Company;
and
2. Based
on
the review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board
of Directors that the CD&A be included in the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, and, as applicable,
the
Company’s proxy statement.
By
the Compensation Committee:
/s/
Hal. B. Heaton
|
|||
Hal
B. Heaton, Chairman
|
|||
/s/
Henry Y.L. Toh
|
|||
Henry Y. L. Toh |
Stock
Option Plans
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has five stock-based employee compensation plans,
which are described below. All share amounts disclosed below reflect the effect
of the 1-for-20 reverse stock split which was approved by the stockholders
on
November 26, 2003.
1995
Director Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
The
1995
Director Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “1995 Director Plan”)
provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) to directors of the Company up to
12,500 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of stock
dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). If any incentive option,
non-qualified option or SAR terminates prior to exercise thereof and during
the
duration of the 1995 Director Plan, the shares of common stock as to which
such
option or right was not exercised will become available under the 1995 Director
Plan for the grant of additional options or rights to any eligible director.
Each option is immediately exercisable for a period of ten years from the date
of grant. The Company has 12,500 shares of common stock reserved for issuance
under the 1995 Director Plan. No options were granted or exercised under this
plan in 2007 and 2006. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, no options to purchase
shares were outstanding. In 2007, no options expired (2006 -
7,500).
1995
Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
The
1995
Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “1995 Employee Plan”)
provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options, and SARs. Directors of the Company are not eligible to participate
in
the 1995 Employee Plan. The 1995 Employee Plan provides for the grant of stock
options, which qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the
Internal Revenue Code, to be issued to officers who are employees and other
employees, as well as for the grant of non-qualified options to be issued to
officers, employees and consultants. In addition, SARs may be granted in
conjunction with the grant of incentive and non-qualified options.
The
1995
Employee Plan provides for the grant of incentive options, non-qualified options
and SARs of up to 20,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the
event of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). To the extent
that an incentive option or non-qualified option is not exercised within the
period of exercisability specified therein, it will expire as to the then
unexercisable portion. If any incentive option, non-qualified option or SAR
terminates prior to exercise thereof and during the duration of the 1995
Employee Plan, the shares of common stock as to which such option or right
was
not exercised will become available under the 1995 Employee Plan for the grant
of additional options or rights to any eligible employee. The shares of common
stock subject to the 1995 Employee Plan may be made available from either
authorized but unissued shares, treasury shares or both. The Company has 20,000
shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 1995 Employee Plan.
As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were no options outstanding under the 1995
Employee Plan. No options were granted or exercised in 2007 or 2006 under the
1995 Employee Plan.
36
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan
In
October 2000, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment of the
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan (the “1997 Plan”) which provides for the issuance
of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and SARs up to an
aggregate of 370,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event
of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). The price at which
shares of common stock covered by the option can be purchased is determined
by
the Company’s Board of Directors; however, in all instances the exercise price
is never less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the
date the option is granted.
As
of
December 31, 2007, there were options to purchase 238,611 shares (2006 - 239,611
shares) of the Company’s common stock outstanding under the 1997 Plan. 168,750
of these options were unvested at December 31, 2007, and will vest between
2008
and 2010 at an exercise price of $0.66 per share. 56,250 options with an
exercise price of $0.66 per share were vested at December 31, 2007 (no vested
options at December 31, 2006). 13,611 options with exercise prices of $1.40
to
$111.26 per share were vested at December 31, 2007 (2006 - 14,611 options with
exercise prices of $1.40 to $111.26 per share). The options with an exercise
price of $0.66 must be exercised within seven years of grant date and can only
be exercised while the option holder is an employee of the Company. The
remaining options must be exercised within ten years of grant date and can
only
be exercised while the option holder is an employee of the Company. The Company
has not awarded any SARs under the 1997 Plan. During 2007, no options to
purchase shares of common stock were issued, and 1,000 options expired. During
2006, 225,000 options to purchase shares of common stock were issued, and no
options were forfeited or expired. There were no exercises during 2007 or
2006.
2000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
During
2000, the Company obtained approval from its stockholders to establish the
2000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The Stock Purchase Plan provides for the purchase
of common stock, in the aggregate, up to 125,000 shares. This plan allows all
eligible employees of the Company to have payroll withholding of 1 to 15 percent
of their wages. The amounts withheld during a calendar quarter are then used
to
purchase common stock at a 15 percent discount off the lower of the closing
sale
price of the Company’s stock on the first or last day of each quarter. This plan
was approved by the Board of Directors, subject to stockholder approval, and
was
effective beginning the third quarter of 2000. The Company issued 1,726 shares
to employees based upon payroll withholdings during 2001. There have been no
issuances since 2001.
The
purpose of the Stock Purchase Plan is to provide incentives for all eligible
employees of C2 (or any of its subsidiaries), who have been employees for at
least three months, to participate in stock ownership of C2 by acquiring or
increasing their proprietary interest in C2. The Stock Purchase Plan is designed
to encourage employees to remain in the employ of C2. It is the intention of
C2
to have the Stock Purchase Plan qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan”
within the meaning of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended,
to
issue shares of common stock to all eligible employees of C2 (or any of C2’s
subsidiaries) who have been employees for at least three months.
2003
Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
In
November 2003, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2003 Stock Option
and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “2003 Plan”) which provides for the issuance
of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and SARs up to an
aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the
event of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). The price
at
which shares of common stock covered by the option can be purchased is
determined by the Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof; however,
in the case of incentive stock options the exercise price shall not be less
than
the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date the option is
granted. As of December 31, 2007, there were options to purchase 598,250 shares
(2006 - 568,250 shares) of the Company’s common stock outstanding under the 2003
Plan. The outstanding options vest over four years at exercise prices ranging
from $0.51 to $3.00 per share. During 2007, 30,000 options (2006 - 230,000
options) were granted. During 2007 and 2006 no options to purchase shares of
common stock were forfeited or expired. There were no options exercised during
2007 and 2006, and no SARs have been issued under the 2003 Plan.
37
Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
and Related
Stockholder Matters.
Please
see Item 5 for detail of the Company’s securities authorized for issuance under
equity compensation plans.
The
following table sets forth information regarding the ownership of our common
stock as of February 26, 2008 by: (i) each director; (ii) each of the
Named Executive Officers in the Summary Compensation Table; (iii) all
executive officers and directors of the Company as a group; and (iv) all
those known by us to be beneficial owners of more than five percent of our
common stock. As of February 26, 2008, there are 23,095,170 shares of common
stock and 603 shares of Series N Preferred stock issued and outstanding. Each
share of Series N Preferred Stock is entitled to 40 votes.
Name
and Address of
Beneficial
Owner (1)
|
Number
of Shares
Beneficially
Owned (2)
|
Percentage
of
Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned
|
|||||
Allan
C. Silber
|
75,000
|
(3)
|
*
|
%
|
|||
Hal
B. Heaton
|
30,448
|
(4)
|
*
|
%
|
|||
Henry
Y.L. Toh
|
30,163
|
(5)
|
*
|
%
|
|||
Samuel
L. Shimer
|
22,500
|
(6)
|
*
|
%
|
|||
Stephen
A. Weintraub
|
18,750
|
(7)
|
*
|
%
|
|||
Counsel
Corporation and subsidiaries
40
King Street West Suite 3200
Toronto,
Ontario M5H 3Y2
|
21,364,744
|
92
|
%
|
||||
All
Executive Officers and Directors as a Group (5 people)
|
176,861
|
1
|
%
|
*
|
Indicates
less than one percent
|
|
(1)
|
Unless
otherwise noted, all listed shares of common stock are owned of record
by
each person or entity named as beneficial owner and that person or
entity
has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares
of common
stock owned by each of them. All addresses are c/o C2 Global Technologies
Inc. unless otherwise indicated.
|
|
(2)
|
As
to each person or entity named as beneficial owners, that person’s or
entity’s percentage of ownership is determined based on the assumption
that any options or convertible securities held by such person or
entity
which are exercisable or convertible within 60 days have been exercised
or
converted, as the case may be.
|
|
(3)
|
Represents
shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options. Mr.
Silber is Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Counsel,
and
a beneficial owner of approximately 6,068,776 shares or 12.5% of
the
outstanding common stock (10.0% of the outstanding voting shares)
of
Counsel. Mr. Silber disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares
of C2’s
common stock beneficially owned by Counsel.
|
|
(4)
|
Represents
shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options.
|
|
(5)
|
Represents
shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options. Does not include
shares held by Four M International, Ltd., of which Mr. Toh is a
director.
Mr. Toh disclaims any beneficial ownership of such
shares.
|
|
(6)
|
Represents
shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options. Mr. Shimer is
a
beneficial owner of 819,011 shares in Counsel, which represents a
1.7%
beneficial ownership of Counsel. Mr. Shimer disclaims beneficial
ownership
of the shares of C2’s common stock beneficially owned by Counsel.
|
|
(7)
|
Represents
shares of common stock issuable pursuant to options. Mr.
Weintraub is Executive Vice President, Secretary and Chief Financial
Officer of Counsel and a beneficial owner of 421,901 shares in
Counsel,
which represents less than 1% beneficial ownership of Counsel.
Mr.
Weintraub disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of C2’s common
stock beneficially owned by
Counsel.
|
There
are
no arrangements, known to the Company, including any pledge by any person of
securities of the registrant or any of its parents, the operation of which
may
at a subsequent date result in a change of control of the
registrant.
38
Item
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence.
Transactions
with Management and Others
See
Item
11 hereof for descriptions of the terms of employment, consulting and other
agreements between the Company and certain officers, directors and other related
parties.
Transactions
with Counsel
At
December 31, 2007, C2 was indebted to Counsel in the aggregate amount of $2,335,
including accrued and unpaid interest to that date. The details of the
individual notes comprising the balance owing are presented below.
Collateralized
Promissory Note and Loan Agreement
During
the fourth quarter of 2003, Counsel advanced the sum of $5,600 to C2, evidenced
by a promissory note. In January 2004, C2 and Counsel entered into a loan
agreement and an amended and restated promissory note pursuant to which an
additional $2,000 was loaned to C2 and pursuant to which additional periodic
loans were made from time to time (collectively and as amended, the “Promissory
Note”). The Promissory Note accrues interest at 10% per annum compounded
quarterly from the date funds are advanced. The loan has been amended several
times and the maturity date of the loan plus accrued interest has been extended
to December 31, 2008.
The
Promissory Note is secured by the assets of the Company and is subject to
certain events of default which may accelerate the repayment of principal plus
accrued interest. There are no conversion features associated with the
Promissory Note. The loan increased primarily due to operating advances in
2004,
2005, and 2006 and the outstanding balance at December 29, 2006 (including
principal and accrued interest), prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness
by Counsel, was $41,897. At
December 31, 2006 C2 was indebted to Counsel in the amount of $6, representing
C2 expenses paid by Counsel on behalf of C2 that had not been recorded in C2’s
accounts prior to the debt forgiveness. At December 31, 2007 C2 was indebted
to
Counsel in the amount of $2,288 due to Counsel funding the Company’s ongoing
cash requirements net of the Company’s repayment of $1,000 from the proceeds of
the AccessLine preferred share redemption discussed in Note 5 of the
consolidated financial statements.
Secured
Loan to C2
To
fund
the acquisition of the WorldxChange Communications, Inc. assets and operations
on June 4, 2001, Counsel provided a loan (the “Initial Loan”) to C2 in the
aggregate amount of $15,000. On October 1, 2003 Counsel assigned the balance
owed in connection with the Initial Loan of $9,743, including accrued interest
(“the Assigned Loan”), to C2 in exchange for a new loan bearing interest at 10%
per annum compounded quarterly and payable on maturity of the loan (“the New
Loan”). Consistent with the terms of the Initial Loan, subject to certain
conditions, the New Loan provides for certain mandatory prepayments upon written
notice from Counsel including an event resulting in the issuance of new shares
by C2 to a party unrelated to Counsel where the funds were not used for an
approved expanded business plan, the purchase of the Company’s accounts
receivable by a third party or where C2 sells material assets in excess of
cash
proceeds of $1,000, and certain other events. The New Loan is subject to certain
events of default which accelerate the repayment of principal plus accrued
interest. It has been amended several times and the maturity date of the loan
plus accrued interest has been extended to December 31, 2008. There are no
conversion features associated with the New Loan. As of December 29, 2006,
the
total outstanding debt under the New Loan (including principal and accrued
interest), prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness by Counsel, was
$13,428. During 2007, Counsel advanced $145 and accrued interest of $2 and
the
Company repaid $100 from the proceeds of the MyTrade.com, Inc. sale discussed
in
Note 5; therefore, the total outstanding debt under the New Loan was $47 at
December 31, 2007.
Initial
Acquisition of C2 and Senior Convertible Loan
On
March
1, 2001, C2 entered into a Senior Convertible Loan and Security Agreement,
(the
“Senior Loan Agreement”) with Counsel. Pursuant to the terms and provisions of
the Senior Loan Agreement, Counsel agreed to make periodic loans to C2 in the
aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10,000, which was subsequently
increased to $12,000 through amendment on May 8, 2001. The Senior Loan Agreement
was amended several times and the maturity date of the loan plus accrued
interest was extended to October 31, 2007. As a result of the application of
the
anti-dilution provisions of the Senior Loan Agreement, the conversion price
was
adjusted to $5.02 per common share. At December 29, 2006, prior to the December
30, 2006 debt forgiveness by Counsel, the total outstanding debt under the
Senior Loan Agreement (including principal and accrued interest) was $19,966
which was convertible into approximately 3,977,208 shares of common stock.
There
have been no further advances under this loan since the debt was
forgiven.
39
Assignment
of Winter Harbor Common Stock and Debt Interests
Pursuant
to the terms of a settlement between Counsel and Winter Harbor and First Media
L.P., a limited partnership and the parent company of Winter Harbor
(collectively, the “Winter Harbor Parties”), effective August 29, 2003, the
Winter Harbor Parties relinquished their right to 118,750 shares of the common
stock of C2 to Counsel. The Winter Harbor Parties further assigned to Counsel
all of their rights with respect to a note payable by C2 of $1,999 drawn down
pursuant to a Letter of Credit issued November 3, 1998 to secure certain
obligations of C2 together with any accrued interest thereon. The assigned
amount together with accrued interest amounted to $2,577 on August 29, 2003.
As
a result of the settlement and assignment, C2 entered into a new loan agreement
with Counsel the terms of which provided that from August 29, 2003 the loan
balance of $2,577 would bear interest at 10% per annum compounded quarterly
with
the aggregate balance of principal and accrued interest payable on maturity
of
the loan. This loan agreement was amended and restated several times to allow
for the making of further periodic advances and to extend the maturity date
to
October 31, 2007. There were no conversion features associated with this loan.
As of December 29, 2006, prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness by
Counsel, the total outstanding debt under the loan (including principal and
accrued interest) was $8,291. There have been no further advances under this
loan since the debt was forgiven.
Counsel
Guarantee, Subordination and Stock Pledge
In
October 2004, Counsel agreed to guarantee the debt that the Company owed to
its
third party lender, and also agreed to subordinate all of its debt owed by
the
Company, and to subrogate all of its related security interests, in favor of
the
third party lender. Counsel further agreed to pledge all of its shares owned
in
C2 as security for its guarantee. In accordance with these agreements, amounts
owing to Counsel could not be repaid while amounts remained owing to the third
party lender. In January 2007, when the debt owing to the third party lender
was
prepaid in full, the subordination, subrogation and guarantee agreements were
terminated.
As
discussed in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements included in Item
15
of this Report, with respect to the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com in the
third quarter of 2007, all investors in LIMOS.com have pledged their ownership
interests as security for a $2,500 loan entered into by LIMOS.com and a third
party lender (the “Lender”). Counsel has guaranteed $250 of the Loan on the
Company’s behalf. Contemporaneously with the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com
and Counsel’s guaranty, Counsel and the Lender entered into a Priorities
Agreement. Under the terms of the Promissory Note, which is discussed in more
detail in Note 2, Note 9 and Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements,
the Company had pledged all of its assets to Counsel as security for the
Promissory Note. The Priorities Agreement subordinates Counsel’s claim to the
Company’s investment in LIMOS.com in favor of the Lender.
Counsel
Management Services
In
December 2004, C2 entered into a management services agreement (the “Agreement”)
with Counsel. Under the terms of the Agreement, C2 agreed to make payment to
Counsel for the past and future services to be provided by certain Counsel
personnel to C2 for each of 2004 and 2005. In March 2006 C2 entered into a
similar agreement with Counsel for services to be provided in 2006. The basis
for such services charged was an allocation, based on time incurred, of the
cost
of the base compensation paid by Counsel to those employees providing services
to C2. For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, the cost of such services
was $280 and $450, respectively. The cost for 2006 was $225, reflecting the
reduced complexity of C2 operations following the sale of the Telecommunications
business. The foregoing fees for 2004, 2005 and 2006 were due and payable within
30 days following the respective year ends, subject to any subordination
restrictions then in effect. Any unpaid fee amounts bore interest at 10% per
annum commencing on the day after such year-end, and in the event of a change
of
control, merger or similar event of the Company, all amounts owing, including
fees incurred up to the date of the event, would have become due and payable
immediately upon the occurrence of such event, subject to any subordination
restrictions then in effect. The fees for 2004, 2005 and 2006 were forgiven
on
December 30, 2006 as part of Counsel’s forgiveness of its outstanding debt from
C2, as discussed above. Amounts owing to Counsel at December 31, 2006 could
not
be repaid while amounts remained owing to the Company’s third party lender. The
repayment in full of the third party debt in January 2007 removed this
restriction on payments to Counsel. In May 2007, the Company and Counsel entered
into a similar agreement for services provided during 2007, and the cost for
2007 was $225. The Company expects that Counsel will continue to provide these
services in 2008 on the same cost basis.
Director
Independence
In
determining director independence, C2 defines independent directors in
accordance with the applicable rules of the SEC and the Nasdaq Marketplace
Rules. According to this definition, Mr. Toh, Mr. Heaton, Mr. Shimer and Mr.
Turock are independent directors.
40
Item
14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
In
November 2006 the Company’s Audit Committee engaged Mintz & Partners LLP
(“Mintz”) as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. Previously, the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm was BDO Seidman, LLP. Prior to
May
5, 2004, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm was
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. All fees paid to independent registered public
accounting firms were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.
On
December 12, 2007, the Company was informed by Mintz
that it
had reached an agreement with Deloitte & Touche LLP’s Greater Toronto
Private Company Services to merge the two firms in January 2008. The
merger
was
completed on January 29, 2008. Effective that date,
both
firms were operating under the name Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte &
Touche”) and Mintz ceased providing services as a separate entity.
Fees
paid
or expected to be paid to Deloitte & Touche, our independent registered
public accounting firm for the fiscal periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
are set forth below.
|
Year
Ended December 31,
(in
thousands)
|
||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
Audit
fees
|
$
|
94
|
$
|
67
|
|||
Audit-related
fees
|
11
|
—
|
|||||
Tax
fees
|
17
|
20
|
|||||
All
other fees
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
122
|
$
|
87
|
Fees
paid
or expected to be paid to BDO Seidman, LLP, our independent registered public
accounting firm for the period May 17, 2004 to November 16, 2006, for the fiscal
periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 are set forth below.
|
Year
Ended December 31,
(in
thousands)
|
||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
Audit
fees
|
$
|
20
|
$
|
123
|
|||
Audit-related
fees
|
—
|
51
|
|||||
Tax
fees
|
—
|
3
|
|||||
All
other fees
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
20
|
$
|
177
|
Fees
paid
in 2006 to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public
accounting firm prior to May 5, 2004, are set forth below.
Year
Ended December 31,
(in
thousands)
|
||||
|
2006
|
|||
Audit
fees
|
$
|
26
|
||
Audit-related
fees
|
—
|
|||
Tax
fees
|
—
|
|||
All
other fees
|
—
|
|||
Total
|
$
|
26
|
Audit
Fees
Audit
fees were for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual
financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, the reviews
of the financial statements included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q
for
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, and services in connection with
our
statutory and regulatory filings for the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2007.
They amounted to $216 and $114, respectively.
41
Audit-Related
Fees
Audit
related fees were for assurance and related services rendered that are
reasonably related to the audit and reviews of our financial statements for
the
years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, exclusive of the fees disclosed as
Audit
Fees above. These fees include benefit plan audits and accounting consultations,
which amounted to $51 and $11, for the respective years.
Tax
Fees
Tax
fees
were for services related to tax compliance, consulting and planning services
rendered during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 and included
preparation of tax returns, review of restrictions on net operating loss
carryforwards and other general tax services. Tax fees paid amounted to $23
and
$17, for the respective years.
All
Other Fees
We
did
not incur fees for any services, other than the fees disclosed above relating
to
audit, audit-related and tax services, rendered during the years ended December
31, 2006 and 2007.
Audit
and Non-Audit Service Pre-Approval Policy
In
accordance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the
rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder, the Audit Committee has adopted an
informal approval policy that it believes will result in an effective and
efficient procedure to pre-approve services performed by the independent
registered public accounting firm.
Audit
Services. Audit
services include the annual financial statement audit (including quarterly
reviews) and other procedures required to be performed by the independent
registered public accounting firm to be able to form an opinion on our financial
statements. The Audit Committee pre-approves specified annual audit services
engagement terms and fees and other specified audit fees. All other audit
services must be specifically pre-approved by the Audit Committee. The Audit
Committee monitors the audit services engagement and may approve, if necessary,
any changes in terms, conditions and fees resulting from changes in audit scope
or other items.
Audit-Related
Services. Audit-related
services are assurance and related services that are reasonably related to
the
performance of the audit or review of our financial statements which
historically have been provided to us by the independent registered public
accounting firm and are consistent with the SEC’s rules on auditor independence.
The Audit Committee pre-approves specified audit-related services within
pre-approved fee levels. All other audit-related services must be pre-approved
by the Audit Committee.
Tax
Services. The
Audit
Committee pre-approves specified tax services that the Audit Committee believes
would not impair the independence of the independent registered public
accounting firm and that are consistent with SEC rules and guidance. All other
tax services must be specifically approved by the Audit Committee.
All
Other Services. Other
services are services provided by the independent registered public accounting
firm that do not fall within the established audit, audit-related and tax
services categories. The Audit Committee pre-approves specified other services
that do not fall within any of the specified prohibited categories of
services.
Procedures.
All
proposals for services to be provided by the independent registered public
accounting firm, which must include a detailed description of the services
to be
rendered and the amount of corresponding fees, are submitted to the Chairman
of
the Audit Committee and the Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer
authorizes services that have been pre-approved by the Audit Committee. If
there
is any question as to whether a proposed service fits within a pre-approved
service, the Audit Committee chair is consulted for a determination. The Chief
Financial Officer submits requests or applications to provide services that
have
not been pre-approved by the Audit Committee, which must include an affirmation
by the Chief Financial Officer and the independent registered public accounting
firm that the request or application is consistent with the SEC’s rules on
auditor independence, to the Audit Committee (or its Chair or any of its other
members pursuant to delegated authority) for approval.
42
PART
IV
Item
15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) |
The
following financial statements and those financial statement schedules
required by Item 8 hereof are filed as part of this
Report:
|
1. |
Financial
Statements:
|
Reports
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and
2005
Consolidated
Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit for the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and
2005
Notes
to Consolidated Financial
Statements
|
2. |
Financial
Statement Schedule:
|
Schedule
II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All
other schedules are omitted because of the absence of
conditions under
which they are required or because the required information
is presented
in the Financial Statements or Notes
thereto.
|
(b) |
The
following exhibits are filed as part of this
Report:
|
Exhibit
Number
|
Title
of Exhibit
|
|
3.1(i)
|
Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation. (1)
|
|
|
||
3.2(ii)
|
Bylaws
as amended (2)
|
|
10.1*
|
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan. (3)
|
|
|
||
10.2*
|
2001
Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan. (4)
|
|
|
||
10.2.1*
|
2003
Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan. (5)
|
|
|
||
10.3
|
Securities
Purchase Agreement dated as of October 14, 2004. (6)
|
|
10.4
|
Registration
Rights Agreement dated as of October 14, 2004. (6)
|
|
10.5
|
Common
Stock Purchase Warrant issued October 14, 2004. (6)
|
|
10.6*
|
Counsel
Management Agreement. (7)
|
|
10.7
|
Fourth
Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation (US) dated January 30,
2004,
dated as of July 6, 2005 (8)
|
|
10.8
|
Seventh
Amendment to Senior Convertible Loan and Security Agreement between
C2
Global Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation and Counsel Capital
Corporation dated March 1, 2001, dated as of July 6, 2005
(8)
|
|
10.9
|
Promissory
Note for $6,315.53 dated December 31, 2006 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (9)
|
43
Exhibit
Number
|
Title
of Exhibit
|
10.10
|
Promissory
Note for $1,613,000.00 dated March 31, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (10)
|
|
10.11
|
Promissory
Note for $56,250.00 dated March 31, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (10)
|
|
10.12
|
Promissory
Note for $142,050.31 dated March 31, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (10)
|
|
|
||
10.13
|
Promissory
Note for $147,000.00 dated June 30, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (11)
|
|
10.14
|
Promissory
Note for $56,250.00 dated June 30, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (11)
|
|
10.15
|
Promissory
Note for $44,826.30 dated June 30, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (11)
|
|
10.16
|
Promissory
Note for $672,961.16 dated September 30, 2007 between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (12)
|
|
|
||
10.17
|
Promissory
Note for $56,250.00 dated September 30, 2007 between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (12)
|
|
10.18
|
Promissory
Note for $73,295.21 dated September 30, 2007 between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (12)
|
|
10.19
|
The
Pledge Agreement dated as of September 21, 2007. (13)
|
|
10.20
|
The
Priorities Agreement dated as of September 21, 2007.
(13)
|
|
10.21
|
Fifth
Amendment to Loan Agreement between C2 Global Technologies Inc. and
Counsel Corporation (US) dated June 4, 2001, dated as of December
31, 2007
(included herewith)
|
|
10.22
|
Sixth
Amendment to Loan Agreement between C2 Global Technologies Inc. and
Counsel Corporation (US) dated June 4, 2001, dated as of December
31, 2007
(included herewith)
|
|
10.23
|
Fifth
Amendment to Loan Agreement between C2 Global Technologies Inc. and
Counsel Corporation dated January 26, 2004, dated as of December
31, 2007
(included herewith)
|
|
10.24
|
Promissory
note for $145,000.00 dated November 14, 2007 between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation (US) (included
herewith)
|
|
10.25
|
Promissory
Note for $120,000.00 dated December 31, 2007 between C2 Global
Technologies Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (included
herewith)
|
|
10.26
|
Promissory
Note for $56,250.00 dated December 31, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (included herewith)
|
|
10.27
|
Promissory
Note for $61,351.77 dated December 31, 2007 between C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and Counsel Corporation. (included herewith)
|
|
|
||
14
|
C2
Global Technologies Inc. Code of Conduct. (7)
|
|
|
||
21
|
List
of subsidiaries. (included herewith)
|
44
Exhibit
Number
|
Title
of Exhibit
|
23.1
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP (included herewith)
|
|
23.2
|
Consent
of Mintz & Partners LLP (included herewith)
|
|
23.3
|
Consent
of BDO Seidman LLP (included herewith)
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
of the CEO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange
Act of
1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
(included herewith)
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
of the CFO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange
Act of
1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
(included herewith)
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
pursuant to 18 U.S.C 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (included herewith)
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
pursuant to 18 U.S. C. 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (included
herewith)
|
*
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan required to be filed as
an
exhibit.
(1) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December
31, 1998, file number 0-17973.
|
(2) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
September 30, 1998, file number
0-17973.
|
(3) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 16,
2001,
file number 0-17973.
|
(4) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended
December 31, 1996, file number 0-17973.
|
(5) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
September 30, 2001, file number 0-17973.
|
(6) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Definitive Proxy Statement for the November 26,
2003
annual stockholder meeting.
|
(7) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A#1 for the year ended
December 31, 2003.
|
(8) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A#3 for the year ended
December 31, 2002, file number 0-17973.
|
(9) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December
26, 2002,
file number 0-17973.
|
(10) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
March 31, 2004.
|
(11) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 19,
2004.
|
(12) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 20,
2004.
|
(13) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 6,
2005
|
(14) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
March 31, 2005
|
(15) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 25,
2005
|
(16) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
June 30, 2005
|
45
(17) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
September 30, 2005
|
(18) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December
31, 2006
|
(19) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
March 31, 2007
|
(20) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
June 30, 2007
|
(21) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period
ended
September 30, 2007
|
(22) |
Incorporated
by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September
26,
2007, file number 0-17973.
|
46
SIGNATURES
In
accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on our behalf by the
undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC.
(Registrant)
|
||
|
|
|
Dated: March 11, 2008 | By: | /s/ Allan C. Silber |
Allan C. Silber, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |
||
In
accordance with Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in
the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
/s/
Allan C. Silber
Allan
C. Silber
|
Chairman
of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer
|
March
11, 2008
|
||
/s/
Stephen A. Weintraub
Stephen
A. Weintraub
|
Executive
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate
Secretary
|
March
11, 2008
|
||
/s/
Catherine A. Moran
Catherine
A. Moran
|
Vice
President of Accounting and Controller
|
March
11, 2008
|
||
/s/
Hal B. Heaton
Hal
B. Heaton
|
Director
|
March
11, 2008
|
||
/s/
Samuel L. Shimer
Samuel
L. Shimer
|
Director
|
March
11 2008
|
||
/s/
Henry Y. L. Toh
Henry
Y.L. Toh
|
Director
|
March
11, 2008
|
||
/s/
David L. Turock
David
L. Turock
|
Director
|
March
11, 2008
|
47
(c)
Financial Statement Schedules
The
following Schedules are included in our Financial Statements:
Schedule
of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
48
INDEX
OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS & SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE
Title
of Document
Page
|
|
Reports
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
|
F-2
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
F-5
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and
2005
|
F-6
|
Consolidated
Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit for the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
F-7
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006
and
2005
|
F-8
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-10
|
Schedule
of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
|
S-1
|
F-1
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To
the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
C2
Global
Technologies Inc.
Toronto,
Ontario, Canada
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007, and the related
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders'
deficit, and cash flows for the year then ended. We also audited the financial
statement schedule listed in the accompanying index for the year ended December
31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,
on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of C2 Global Technologies Inc. and subsidiaries
as of December
31, 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the
year
then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the
United States of America.
Also,
in
our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index
presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein
for
the year ended December 31, 2007.
The
Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of
its
internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration
of
internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose
of
expressing an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming
that
the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the
financial statements, the Company’s recurring losses from operations and net
stockholders’ capital deficiency raise substantial doubt about its ability to
continue as a going concern. Management’s plans concerning these matters are
also described in Note 2. The consolidated financial statements do not include
any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this
uncertainty.
/s/
Deloitte & Touche LLP
Deloitte
& Touche LLP
Toronto,
Canada
February
26, 2008
F-2
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To
the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
C2
Global
Technologies Inc.
Toronto,
Ontario, Canada
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of C2
Global
Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries as
of
December 31, 2006 and the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the year then ended. We have also
audited the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index for
the year ended December 31, 2006. These consolidated financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are free
of
material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged
to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our
audit
included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis
for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no
such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements
and financial statement schedule, assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of C2 Global Technologies
Inc.
at December 31, 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for
the year then ended,
in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of
America.
Also,
in
our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index
presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein
for
the year ended December 31, 2006.
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming
that
the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the
consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses
from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raise substantial doubt
about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard
to these matters are also described in Note 2. The consolidated financial
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome
of
this uncertainty.
/s/
Mintz
& Partners LLP
Mintz
& Partners LLP
Toronto,
Ontario
March
1,
2007
F-3
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To
the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of
C2
Global
Technologies Inc.
Toronto,
Ontario, Canada
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’
deficit, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2005 of C2
Global
Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries. We
have
also audited the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index
for the year ended December 31, 2005. These consolidated financial statements
and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated
financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our
audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are free
of
material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged
to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our
audit
included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis
for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no
such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements
and financial statement schedule, assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows for the
year
ended December 31, 2005 of C2 Global Technologies Inc., in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
Also,
in
our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index
presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein
for
the year ended December 31, 2005.
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming
that
the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the
consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses
from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raise substantial doubt
about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard
to these matters are also described in Note 2. The consolidated financial
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome
of
this uncertainty.
/s/
BDO
Seidman, LLP
BDO
Seidman, LLP
Houston,
Texas
March
27,
2006, except for the effects of the discontinued
operations
discussed in Note 6, as to which the date
is
March
1, 2007
F-4
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
as
of December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In
thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
67
|
$
|
3
|
|||
Deferred
income tax asset (Note 12)
|
1,000
|
—
|
|||||
Other
current assets
|
17
|
70
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
1,084
|
73
|
|||||
Other
assets:
|
|||||||
Intangible
assets, net (Note 8)
|
20
|
40
|
|||||
Goodwill
(Note 8)
|
173
|
173
|
|||||
Investments
(Note 5)
|
519
|
1,100
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
1,796
|
$
|
1,386
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities (Note 7)
|
$
|
402
|
$
|
550
|
|||
Convertible
note payable, net of unamortized discount (Note 9)
|
—
|
1,299
|
|||||
Notes
payable to a related party (Note 9)
|
2,335
|
6
|
|||||
Total
liabilities
|
2,737
|
1,855
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies (Note 2, 10 and 11)
|
|||||||
Stockholders’
deficit:
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $10.00 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding 607 shares at December 31, 2007 and 611 shares at December
31,
2006, liquidation preference of $607 at December 31, 2007 and $611
at
December 31, 2006
|
6
|
6
|
|||||
Common
stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 300,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding 23,095,010 shares at December 31, 2007 and 23,084,850
shares
at December 31, 2006
|
231
|
231
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
274,672
|
274,499
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(275,850
|
)
|
(275,205
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ deficit
|
(941
|
)
|
(469
|
)
|
|||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ deficit
|
$
|
1,796
|
$
|
1,386
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-5
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
for
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
Revenue
|
||||||||||
Patent
licensing
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||
Operating
costs and expenses:
|
||||||||||
Selling,
general and administrative
|
1,216
|
1,281
|
2,758
|
|||||||
Research
and development
|
—
|
—
|
389
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
20
|
20
|
32
|
|||||||
Total
operating costs and expenses
|
1,236
|
1,301
|
3,179
|
|||||||
Operating
loss
|
(1,236
|
)
|
(1,301
|
)
|
(3,179
|
)
|
||||
Other
income (expense):
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense - related party (Note 9)
|
(184
|
)
|
(10,390
|
)
|
(12,154
|
)
|
||||
Interest
expense - third party
|
(12
|
)
|
(510
|
)
|
(658
|
)
|
||||
Other
income (expense)
|
(207
|
)
|
155
|
1,084
|
||||||
Total
other expense
|
(403
|
)
|
(10,745
|
)
|
(11,728
|
)
|
||||
Loss
from continuing operations before income taxes
|
(1,639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
||||
Income
tax expense (recovery) (Note 12)
|
(1,000
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
(639
|
)
|
(12,046
|
)
|
(14,907
|
)
|
||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations (Note 6)
|
(6
|
)
|
4,370
|
(3,582
|
)
|
|||||
Net
loss and comprehensive loss
|
$
|
(645
|
)
|
$
|
(7,676
|
)
|
$
|
(18,489
|
)
|
Weighted
average shares outstanding
|
23,095
|
19,258
|
19,237
|
|||||||
Net
income (loss) per common share: (Note 4)
|
||||||||||
Loss
from continuing operations
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.63
|
)
|
$
|
(0.77
|
)
|
|
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations
|
—
|
0.23
|
(0.19
|
)
|
||||||
Net
loss per common share
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.40
|
)
|
$
|
(0.96
|
)
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements
F-6
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
for
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In
thousands of dollars, except share amounts)
Preferred
stock
|
Common
stock
|
Additional
paid-
|
Accumulated
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Amount
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
in
capital
|
Deficit
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
617
|
$
|
6
|
19,237,135
|
$
|
192
|
$
|
186,650
|
$
|
(248,813
|
)
|
$
|
(61,965
|
)
|
||||||||
Beneficial
conversion feature on certain convertible notes payable to related
party
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1,511
|
—
|
1,511
|
|||||||||||||||
Conferral
of benefit from majority stockholder
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1,000
|
—
|
1,000
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of options to purchase common stock to non-employee
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1
|
—
|
1
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(18,489
|
)
|
(18,489
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
617
|
6
|
19,237,135
|
192
|
189,162
|
(267,302
|
)
|
(77,942
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Conversion
of Class N preferred stock to common stock
|
(6
|
)
|
—
|
240
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||||||
Conversion
of related party debt to common stock (1)
|
—
|
—
|
3,847,475
|
39
|
3,347
|
—
|
3,386
|
|||||||||||||||
Forgiveness
of related party debt (2)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
80,196
|
—
|
80,196
|
|||||||||||||||
Transfer
of warrant to equity (3)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
430
|
(227
|
)
|
203
|
||||||||||||||
Beneficial
conversion feature on certain convertible notes payable to related
party
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1,225
|
—
|
1,225
|
|||||||||||||||
Compensation
cost related to stock options
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
139
|
—
|
139
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(7,676
|
)
|
(7,676
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2006
|
611
|
6
|
23,084,850
|
231
|
274,499
|
(275,205
|
)
|
(469
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Conversion
of Class N preferred stock to common stock
|
(4
|
)
|
—
|
160
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||||||
Conversion
of third party debt to common stock (4)
|
—
|
—
|
10,000
|
—
|
7
|
—
|
7
|
|||||||||||||||
Compensation
cost related to stock options
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
166
|
—
|
166
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(645
|
)
|
(645
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2007
|
607
|
$
|
6
|
23,095,010
|
$
|
231
|
$
|
274,672
|
$
|
(275,850
|
)
|
$
|
(941
|
)
|
(1) |
The
Company issued 3,847,475 common shares of the Company in exchange
for
$3,386 of related party debt, as discussed in Note
9.
|
(2) |
Contemporaneous
with the issuance of common shares described in (2), the remaining
$80,196
of related party debt outstanding at December 30, 2006 was forgiven,
as
discussed in Note 9.
|
(3) |
The
Company adopted FASB Staff Position No. EITF 00-19-2, Accounting
for Registration Payment Arrangements
in
the fourth quarter of 2006, at which time it reclassified the warrant
to
purchase common stock from long-term liabilities to equity, as discussed
in Note 9.
|
(4) |
In
connection with the payment of a note payable to a third party, the
Company converted a portion of the note into 10,000 common shares,
as
discussed in Note 9.
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-7
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In
thousands of dollars)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
||||||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(645
|
)
|
$
|
(7,676
|
)
|
$
|
(18,489
|
)
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
||||||||||
Loss
(income) from discontinued operations
|
6
|
(4,370
|
)
|
3,582
|
||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
20
|
20
|
32
|
|||||||
Amortization
of discount and debt issuance costs on notes payable to a related
party
|
—
|
2,848
|
5,974
|
|||||||
Amortization
of discount and debt issuance costs on convertible note
payable
|
8
|
298
|
284
|
|||||||
Accrued
interest added to notes payable to a related party
|
184
|
7,542
|
6,180
|
|||||||
Non-cash
cost of prepayment of third party debt
|
224
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Stock
compensation expense
|
166
|
139
|
—
|
|||||||
Gain
on sale of portfolio investments
|
(75
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
Equity
interests in significantly influenced companies
|
1
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Mark
to market adjustment of warrant to purchase common stock
|
—
|
(78
|
)
|
(41
|
)
|
|||||
Expense
associated with issuance of options to purchase common stock to
non-employee
|
—
|
—
|
1
|
|||||||
Loss
on disposal of fixed assets
|
—
|
—
|
38
|
|||||||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities:
|
||||||||||
Decrease
(increase) in other assets
|
(9
|
)
|
177
|
(185
|
)
|
|||||
(Increase)
in deferred income taxes payable
|
(1,000
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
Decrease
in accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
(148
|
)
|
(1,224
|
)
|
(726
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in operating activities by continuing operations
|
(1,268
|
)
|
(2,324
|
)
|
(3,350
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in operating activities by discontinued
operations
|
(6
|
)
|
(142
|
)
|
(11,490
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in operating activities
|
(1,274
|
)
|
(2,466
|
)
|
(14,840
|
)
|
||||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
||||||||||
Redemption
of portfolio investments
|
1,100
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Sale
of portfolio investments
|
150
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Purchase
of portfolio investments
|
(595
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
Net
cash provided by investing activities by continuing
operations
|
655
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Net
cash used in investing activities by discontinued
operations
|
—
|
—
|
(127
|
)
|
||||||
Net
cash provided by investing activities
|
655
|
—
|
(127
|
)
|
||||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
||||||||||
Increase
in notes payable to a related party
|
3,245
|
2,401
|
15,365
|
|||||||
Repayment
of notes payable to a related party
|
(1,100
|
)
|
—
|
—
|
||||||
Segregation
to restricted cash for future payments of convertible note
payable
|
—
|
—
|
(1,800
|
)
|
||||||
Release
of restricted cash to pay convertible note payable
|
—
|
1,506
|
294
|
|||||||
Repayment
of convertible note payable
|
(1,462
|
)
|
(1,765
|
)
|
(1,767
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities of continuing
operations
|
683
|
2,142
|
12,092
|
|||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities of discontinued
operations
|
—
|
—
|
3,158
|
|||||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
683
|
2,142
|
15,250
|
|||||||
Increase
(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
64
|
(324
|
)
|
283
|
||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
3
|
327
|
44
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at end of year
|
$
|
67
|
$
|
3
|
$
|
327
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-8
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)
for
the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(In
thousands of dollars)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Supplemental
schedule of non-cash investing and financing
activities:
|
||||||||||
Disposition
of telecommunications business in exchange for assumption of
liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
4,324
|
$
|
8,014
|
||||
Discount
in connection with convertible notes payable to related
parties
|
—
|
1,225
|
1,511
|
|||||||
Conversion
of notes payable to a third party to common stock
|
7
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Conversion
of notes payable to a related party to common stock
|
—
|
3,386
|
—
|
|||||||
Forgiveness
of related party debt
|
—
|
80,196
|
—
|
|||||||
Supplemental
cash flow information:
|
||||||||||
Taxes
paid
|
—
|
4
|
4
|
|||||||
Interest
paid
|
21
|
304
|
417
|
The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-9
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in
thousands of dollars, except share and per share amounts and where specifically
indicated)
Note
1 - Description of Business and Principles of Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of C2 Global Technologies
Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including C2 Communications Technologies
Inc. and C2 Investments Inc. These entities, on a combined basis, are referred
to as “C2”, the “Company”, or “we” in these consolidated financial statements.
Our consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
(“GAAP”) and include the assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of all
majority-owned subsidiaries over which C2 exercises control. All significant
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon
consolidation.
C2
owns
certain patents, including two foundational patents in voice over internet
protocol (“VoIP”) technology - U.S. Patent Nos. 6,243,373 (the “VoIP Patent”)
and 6,438,124 (the “C2 Patent”) (together the “VoIP Patent Portfolio”), which it
seeks to license. The VoIP Patent, including a corresponding foreign patent
and
related international patent applications, was acquired from a third party
in
2003. At the time of acquisition, the vendor of the VoIP Patent was granted
a
first priority security interest in the patent in order to secure C2’s
obligations under the associated purchase agreement, as discussed in Note 11.
The C2 Patent was developed by the Company.
Subsequent
to the disposition of its Telecommunications business in September 2005, as
discussed in Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements, licensing of
intellectual property constitutes the primary business of the Company. C2’s
target market consists of carriers, equipment manufacturers, service providers
and end users in the internet protocol (“IP”) telephone market who are using
C2’s patented VoIP technologies by deploying VoIP networks for phone-to-phone
communications. The Company has engaged, and intends to continue to engage,
in
licensing agreements with third parties domestically and internationally. At
present, no ongoing royalties are being paid to the Company. The Company plans
to obtain licensing and royalty revenue from the target market for its patents,
with the assistance of outside counsel, in order to realize value from its
intellectual property. In February 2008, the Company entered into settlement
and
license agreements with AT&T and Verizon.
In
the
third quarter of 2007, the Company began investing in Internet-based e-commerce
businesses, when it acquired minority positions in MyTrade.com, Inc., Buddy
Media, Inc. and LIMOS.com LLC. In the fourth quarter of 2007 it acquired a
one-third interest in Knight’s Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP
LLC. These investments are discussed in more detail in Note 5.
Note
2 - Liquidity and Capital Resources
As
a
result of our historical operating losses and negative cash flows from
operations, at December 31, 2007 we had a stockholders’ deficit of $941 (2006 -
$469) and a working capital deficit of $1,653 (2006 - $1,782). The working
capital deficit decreased by $1,000 due to the Company recording a deferred
income tax asset of $1,000 in the fourth quarter of 2007 as a result of the
settlement and license agreements that were finalized in the first quarter
of
2008, and by $148 due to a reduction in accounts payable and accrued
liabilities. These decreases were offset by net advances of $2,145 from our
majority stockholder, Counsel Corporation (together with its subsidiaries,
“Counsel”), and the capitalization of $184 interest on those advances. During
2007, Counsel advanced a total of $3,245, and the Company repaid $1,100 of
principal from the proceeds of the redemption of the AccessLine portfolio
investment and the sale of the investment in MyTrade.com, Inc., which are
discussed in more detail in Note 5 of these consolidated financial statements.
The bulk of the advances from Counsel were used to fund the January 10, 2007
repayment of the $1,471 convertible note (the “Note”) owing to a third party
lender at December 31, 2006. The Note’s repayment also resulted in the
elimination of its associated $62 deferred financing costs and $172 debt
discount, further increasing the working capital deficit
As
a
result of the settlement and license agreements entered into with respect to
the
VoIP Patent Portfolio in 2008, the Company expects to recognize revenues from
continuing operations for the first time since 2004. At the present time, the
Company expects to have positive operating cash flows in 2008. However, the
Company must continue to realize value from its intellectual property through
ongoing licensing and royalty revenue, as discussed in Note 1, in order to
continue as a going concern. Absent an ongoing revenue stream, there is
significant doubt regarding the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing
to fund its operations without the support of Counsel.
Related
party debt owing to Counsel is $2,335 at December 31, 2007 compared to $6 at
December 31, 2006. Interest on the related party debt is capitalized, at the
end
of each quarter, and added to the principal amount outstanding. The related
party debt was scheduled to mature on December 31, 2007, but has been extended
until December 31, 2008. Until December 31, 2006, the debt was supported by
Counsel’s Keep Well agreement with C2, which required Counsel to fund, through
long-term intercompany advances or equity contributions, all capital investment,
working capital or other operational cash requirements of C2. The Keep Well
was
not extended beyond its December 31, 2006 maturity, but Counsel has indicated
that it will fund the Company’s minimal cash requirements until at least
December 31, 2008.
F-10
The
Company had no long-term third party debt at December 31, 2007.
Ownership
Structure and Capital Resources:
· |
The
Company is 92.51% owned by Counsel. The remaining 7.49% is owned
by public
stockholders.
|
· |
Since
becoming controlling stockholder in 2001, Counsel has invested over
$100,000 in C2 to fund the development of C2’s technology and its
Telecommunications business. At December 29, 2006 C2 owed $83,582
to
Counsel, including accrued and unpaid interest. As discussed in Note
9, on
December 30, 2006 Counsel converted $3,386 of this debt into 3,847,475
common shares of C2, and forgave the balance of $80,196. Counsel
subsequently provided net advances of $2,151 through December 31,
2007.
The disposition of the Telecommunications business in the third quarter
of
2005 significantly reduced both the complexity and the funding
requirements of the Company’s operations, and Counsel’s investment during
2006 and 2007 was significantly less than its investment in prior
years.
As noted above, should the Company fail to establish ongoing patent
licensing and royalty revenues, the Company’s ongoing operations may again
become dependent on funding by
Counsel.
|
Note
3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use
of estimates
The
preparation of our financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of
assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
Significant
estimates include revenue recognition, purchase accounting (including the
ultimate recoverability of intangibles and other long-lived assets), valuation
of goodwill and intangibles, valuation of deferred tax assets, liabilities,
stock-based compensation, and contingencies surrounding litigation. These
estimates have the potential to significantly impact our financial statements,
either because of the significance of the financial statement item to which
they
relate, or because they require judgment and estimation due to the uncertainty
involved in measuring, at a specific point in time, events that are continuous
in nature.
Revenue
recognition
Revenue
is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has
occurred or services have been rendered, the Company’s price to the customer is
fixed and determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably
assured. Revenues where collectibility is not assured are recognized when the
total cash collections to be retained by the Company are finalized.
Cash
and cash equivalents
The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of
three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash
and
cash equivalents primarily with financial institutions in Toronto, Canada.
These
accounts may from time to time exceed federally insured limits. The Company
has
not experienced any losses on such accounts.
Furniture,
fixtures, equipment and software
Furniture,
fixtures, equipment and software are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated
using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful
lives:
Furniture,
fixtures and office equipment
|
3-10
years
|
Software
and information systems
|
3
years
|
Leasehold
improvements
|
Shorter
of estimated life or lease term
|
F-11
Intangible
assets and goodwill
The
Company accounts for intangible assets in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, Business
Combinations and
SFAS
No. 142, Goodwill
and Other Intangible Assets.
All
business combinations are accounted for using the purchase method. Goodwill
and
intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested
for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets are recorded based on
estimates of fair value at the time of the acquisition.
The
Company assesses the fair value of its intangible assets and its goodwill based
upon the fair value of the Company as a consolidated entity, with the Company’s
valuation being based upon its market capitalization. Management believes this
to be the most reasonable method at the current time, given the absence of
a
predictable revenue stream and the corresponding inability to use an alternative
valuation method such as a discounted cash flow analysis. If the carrying amount
of the Company’s net assets exceeds the Company’s estimated fair value,
intangible asset and/or goodwill impairment may be present. The Company measures
the goodwill impairment loss based upon the fair value of the underlying assets
and liabilities, including any unrecognized intangible assets, and estimates
the
implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent
that the Company’s recorded goodwill exceeds its implied fair
value.
Goodwill,
in addition to being tested for impairment annually, is tested for impairment
between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change such that it
is
more likely than not that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired.
No
impairment was present upon the performance of these tests at December 31,
2007
and 2006. We cannot predict the occurrence of future events that might adversely
affect the reported value of goodwill. Such events may include, but are not
limited to, strategic decisions made in response to economic and competitive
conditions and judgments on the validity of the Company’s VoIP Patent Portfolio,
or other factors not known to management at this time. See Note 8 for more
detail regarding the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets.
Investments
Investments
are accounted for under the methods appropriate to each type of
investment.
Equity
securities that are not readily marketable, and equity securities having
underlying common stock that is also not readily marketable, are accounted
for
under the cost method when the Company’s ownership interests do not allow it to
exercise significant influence over the entities in which it has invested.
This
is due to the fact that the Company plans to hold the investments for an
indefinite period of time with the objective of realizing long-term capital
appreciation. When the Company’s ownership interests do allow it to exercise
significant influence over the entities in which it has invested, the
investments are accounted for under the equity method.
The
Company monitors all of its investments for impairment by considering factors
such as the economic environment and market conditions, as well as the
operational performance of, and other specific factors relating to, the
businesses underlying the investments. The fair values of the securities are
estimated quarterly using the best available information as of the evaluation
date, including data such as the quoted market prices of comparable public
companies, market price of the common stock underlying the preferred stock,
recent financing rounds of the investee, and other investee-specific
information. The Company will record an other than temporary impairment in
the
carrying value of the investments should the Company conclude that such a
decline has occurred.
Impairments,
equity pick-ups, dividends and realized gains and losses on equity securities
are included in other income in the consolidated statements of operations.
See
Note 5 for further discussion of the Company’s investments.
Liabilities
The
Company is involved from time to time in various legal matters arising out
of
its operations in the normal course of business. On a case by case basis, the
Company evaluates the likelihood of possible outcomes for this litigation.
Based
on this evaluation, the Company determines whether a liability accrual is
appropriate. If the likelihood of a negative outcome is probable, and the amount
is estimable, the Company accounts for the liability in the current period.
A
change in the circumstances surrounding any current litigation could have a
material impact on the financial statements.
F-12
Stock-based
compensation
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has several stock-based compensation plans,
which
are discussed in Note 16. The Company calculates stock-based compensation in
accordance with SFAS No. 123, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation,
as
revised December 2004 (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which it was required to adopt in the
first quarter of 2006. SFAS No. 123(R) superseded Accounting Principles Board
Opinion No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees,
and
related Interpretations (“APB No. 25”), and requires that all stock-based
compensation, including options, be expensed at fair value, as of the grant
date, over the vesting period. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted
for these plans under the recognition and measurement principles of APB No.
25,
under which stock-based employee compensation cost was not reflected in net
loss, as all options granted under these plans have an exercise price at least
equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.
In accordance with SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148, the Company
provided footnote disclosure of the pro forma stock-based compensation cost,
net
loss and net loss per share as if the fair-value based method of expense
recognition and measurement prescribed by SFAS No. 123 had been applied to
all
employee options.
Research
and development costs
The
Company suspended its research and development activities in the third quarter
of 2005. The Company expensed internal research and development costs, which
primarily consist of salaries, when they were incurred.
Income
taxes
The
Company records deferred taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting
for Income Taxes (“SFAS
No. 109”). This statement requires recognition of deferred tax assets and
liabilities for temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and
liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the financial
statements, based upon the enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which
the
differences are expected to reverse. The Company establishes a valuation
allowance when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected
to
be realized.
The
Company periodically assesses the value of its deferred tax asset, which has
been generated by a history of net operating and net capital losses, and
determines the necessity for a valuation allowance. The Company evaluates which
portion, if any, will more likely than not be realized by offsetting future
taxable income, taking into consideration any limitations that may exist on
its
use of its net operating and net capital loss carryforwards.
In
July
2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation No. 48, Accounting
for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No.
109
("FIN
48"). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized
in a company's financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, and
prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to
be
taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosure and transition. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48
effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 had no material effect on
the
financial position, operations or cash flow of the Company. See Note 12 for
further discussion of the Company’s income taxes.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
The
fair
value of financial instruments is the amount at which the instruments could
be
exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a
forced sale or liquidation. The carrying value at December 31, 2007 and 2006
for
the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash, accounts payable and
accrued liabilities, and related party debt, approximates fair value. At
December 31, 2006, the carrying value of the Company’s third party debt was
lower than the fair value of the debt due to the discounts set out in Note
9.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurements
(“SFAS
No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for
measuring fair value under GAAP, expands the required disclosures regarding
fair
value measurements, and applies to other accounting pronouncements that either
require or permit fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2007, and for interim periods within those
fiscal years, with early adoption encouraged. SFAS No. 157 is to be applied
prospectively, with a limited form of retrospective application for several
financial instruments. The Company elected to adopt SFAS No. 157 at January
1,
2007, in order to conform to the adoption of a similar Canadian accounting
pronouncement by its parent, Counsel. The Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 157 had
no effect on the Company’s financial position, operations or cash
flows.
F-13
In
February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position No. FAS 157-2, Effective
Date of FASB Statement No. 157
(“FSP
FAS 157-2”). FSP FAS 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all
nonrecurring fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. FSP FAS 157-2
states that a measurement is recurring if it happens at least annually and
defines nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as all assets and
liabilities other than those meeting the definition of a financial asset or
financial liability in SFAS No. 159, The
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, Including
an
Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115
(“SFAS
No. 159”, discussed below). FSP FAS 157-2 is effective upon issuance. Entities
that applied the measurement and disclosure guidance in SFAS No. 157 in
preparing either interim or annual financial statements issued before the
effective date of the FSP are not eligible for the FSP’s deferral provisions.
Entities are encouraged to adopt SFAS No. 157 in its entirety, as long as they
have not yet issued financial statements during that year. An entity that
chooses to adopt SFAS No. 157 in its entirety must do so for all nonfinancial
assets and nonfinancial liabilities within its scope. As C2 had not employed
fair value accounting for any of its nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial
liabilities prior to its adoption of SFAS No. 157 at January 1, 2007, FSP FAS
157-2 had no effect on its financial position, operations or cash
flows.
Segment
reporting
The
Company currently operates in a single business segment, patent
licensing.
Discontinued
Operations
In
accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting
for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,
the
operations and related losses on operations sold, or identified as held for
sale, have been presented as discontinued
operations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for all years presented.
Gains are recognized when realized.
Recent
accounting pronouncements
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159. SFAS No. 159 provides the
option to measure selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value,
and
requires the fair values of those assets and liabilities to be shown on the
face
of the balance sheet. It also requires the provision of additional information
regarding the reasons for electing the fair value option and the effect of
the
election on current period earnings. SFAS No. 159 also establishes presentation
and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities
that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and
liabilities. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted if SFAS No. 157 is also
adopted. SFAS No. 159 is to be applied prospectively. The Company did not elect
early adoption of SFAS No. 159, and is currently evaluating the impact that
SFAS
No. 159 will have on its financial statements when adopted.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business
Combinations
(“SFAS
No. 141(R)”) and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements
(“SFAS
No. 160”). SFAS No. 141(R) replaces SFAS No. 141 and SFAS No. 160 amends
Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Together, SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 substantially increase the use of
fair value and make significant changes to the way companies account
for
business combinations and noncontrolling interests. Specifically, they will
require more assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be measured at fair
value as of the acquisition date, liabilities related to contingent
consideration to be remeasured at fair value in each subsequent reporting
period, acquisition-related costs to be expensed, and noncontrolling interests
in subsidiaries to be initially measured at fair value and classified as a
separate component of equity.
SFAS No.
141(R) and SFAS No. 160 are effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008, with early adoption prohibited. They are to be applied
prospectively, with one exception relating to income taxes. The Company is
currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160 will
have
on its financial statements when adopted.
Note
4 -Earnings (Loss) per Share
The
Company is required, in periods in which it has net income, to calculate basic
earnings per share (“basic EPS”) using the two-class method described in EITF
Issue No. 03-6, Participating
Securities and the Two-Class Method under SFAS Statement No.
128
(“EITF
03-6”). The two-class method is required because the Company’s Class N preferred
shares, each of which is convertible to 40 common shares, have the right to
receive dividends or dividend equivalents should the Company declare dividends
on its common stock. Under the two-class method, earnings for the period, net
of
any deductions for contractual preferred stock dividends and any earnings
actually distributed during the period, are allocated on a pro-rata basis to
the
common and preferred stockholders. The weighted-average number of common and
preferred shares outstanding during the period is then used to calculate basic
EPS for each class of shares.
F-14
In
periods in which the Company has a net loss, basic loss per share is calculated
by dividing the loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. The two-class method
is
not used, because the preferred stock does not participate in
losses.
Options,
warrants and convertible debt are included in the calculation of diluted
earnings (loss) per share, since they are assumed to be exercised or converted,
except when their effect would be anti-dilutive. As the Company had a net loss
from continuing operations for 2007, 2006, and 2005, diluted loss per share
is
not presented.
In
October 2007, four shares of the Company’s Class N preferred stock held by an
unrelated third party were converted into 160 shares of common stock. In May
2006, there was a similar conversion by an unrelated third party of six shares
of preferred stock into 240 shares of common stock.
Potential
common shares that were not included in the computation of earnings (loss)
per
share because they would have been anti-dilutive are as follows as at December
31:
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
Assumed
conversion of Class N preferred stock
|
24,280
|
24,440
|
24,680
|
|||||||
Assumed
conversion of convertible debt
|
—
|
—
|
3,639,412
|
|||||||
Assumed
conversion of third party convertible debt
|
—
|
1,671,123
|
3,676,471
|
|||||||
Assumed
exercise of options and warrant to purchase shares of common
stock
|
1,975,749
|
2,096,329
|
1,727,029
|
|||||||
2,000,029
|
3,791,892
|
9,067,592
|
Note
5 - Investments
The
Company’s investments as of December 31 consisted of the following:
2007
|
2006
|
||||||
AccessLine
Communications
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
1,100
|
|||
Buddy
Media, Inc.
|
100
|
—
|
|||||
LIMOS.com
LLC
|
399
|
—
|
|||||
Knight’s
Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC
|
20
|
—
|
|||||
|
|||||||
Total
investments
|
$
|
519
|
$
|
1,100
|
MyTrade.com,
Inc.
On
August
23, 2007, the Company acquired 75,000 shares of convertible Series A Preferred
Stock (8% per annum cumulative dividend) of MyTrade.com, Inc. (“MyTrade.com”)
for a total purchase price of $75, representing approximately 12.5% of
MyTrade.com’s preferred stock, or approximately 3.57% of MyTrade.com on an
as-converted basis. MyTrade.com is a website providing investors and potential
investors of all experience levels with tickerized aggregate investment data
and
insight from across the internet in a customized interface. On December 10,
2007, the Company completed the sale of its ownership interest in MyTrade.com
to
an unrelated third party. The Company’s net proceeds from the sale were $150,
resulting in a gain of $75.
Buddy
Media, Inc.
On
September 12, 2007, the Company acquired 303,030 shares of convertible Series
A
Preferred Stock of Buddy Media, Inc. (“Buddy Media”) for a total purchase price
of $100. Buddy Media is a leading developer of applications for emerging new
media platforms, including Facebook, MySpace and other social media sites.
The
Company’s investment is less than 5% of Buddy Media on an as-converted basis.
The Series A preferred shares vote on an as-converted basis with the common
stock, are convertible by a vote of the majority of the Series A preferred
stockholders or mandatorily convertible in connection with an initial public
offering, and are redeemable in certain circumstances, including a liquidation
or sale of Buddy Media. They are entitled to dividends in the event that common
stock holders also receive dividends. The material terms of the Company’s
Stockholders’ Agreement and Subscription Agreement are standard for early
investments in development stage companies and include drag along rights, right
of first offer, refusal rights, co-sale rights, limited anti-dilution
protection, dividend preference and liquidation preference. The Series A
preferred shares have standard piggyback registration rights with customary
expiration provisions and are subject to a contractual 180 day market
stand-off.
F-15
The
Company’s ownership interest in Buddy Media does not allow it to exercise
significant influence over Buddy Media’s operations, and the Company intends to
hold the investment for an indefinite period of time. The investment is
therefore accounted for under the cost method. At each balance sheet date,
the
Company estimates the fair value of the securities using the best available
information as of the evaluation date. Because Buddy Media’s shares are not
traded on an open market, their valuation must be based primarily on
investee-specific information. The Company will record an other than temporary
impairment of the investment in the event the Company concludes that such
impairment has occurred. Based on the Company’s analysis, at December 31, 2007
there has been no impairment in the fair value of it investment in Buddy
Media.
LIMOS.com
LLC
On
September 21, 2007, the Company acquired 400,000 units of AZ Limos LLC (name
subsequently changed to LIMOS.com LLC, “LIMOS.com”) for a total purchase price
of $400, representing a 16% ownership interest in LIMOS.com. LIMOS.com was
incorporated in July 2007 in order to acquire the assets and operations of
Limos.com (“Limos”), a private company that provides qualified leads for
licensed limousine operators. The Company’s investment was part of a $2,500
capital raise by LIMOS.com.
LIMOS.com
acquired the assets and operations of Limos for a purchase price of $4,300,
$2,300 of which was provided by the $2,500 capital raise and $2,000 of which
was
provided by financing (the “Loan”) from a third party lender (the “Lender”). The
Loan bears an effective interest rate of 10.5% per annum and is secured by
all
the assets of LIMOS.com. All investors in LIMOS.com have pledged their ownership
interests as security for the Loan, and certain of the investors have guaranteed
$750 of the Loan. The Company’s majority stockholder, Counsel, has guaranteed
$250 of the Loan on the Company’s behalf.
Contemporaneously
with the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com and Counsel’s guaranty, Counsel and
the Lender entered into a Priorities Agreement. Under the terms of the Company’s
note payable to Counsel, which is discussed in more detail in Note 2, Note
9 and
Note 13 of these audited consolidated financial statements, the Company had
pledged all of its assets to Counsel as security for the related party note.
The
Priorities Agreement subordinates Counsel’s security interest in the Company’s
investment in LIMOS.com in favor of the Lender. As well, certain third party
investors have a 20% carried interest in LIMOS.com, which is payable after
all
investors have received an annual 10% return on their capital from earnings
generated by LIMOS.com and after all investors have received the return in
full
of their invested capital.
At
the
date of the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com, its ownership interest did not
allow it to exercise significant influence over LIMOS.com’s operations, and the
investment was accounted for under the cost method. Subsequently, in November
2007, the Company’s parent, Counsel, increased its ownership of an affiliated
entity (the “Affiliate”) from 50% to 100%. The Affiliate has voting control of
50% of LIMOS.com, including the 16% owned by the Company. In addition, the
Affiliate earns a 2% management fee, based on the invested capital of LIMOS.com,
in return for managing the operations of LIMOS.com, and holds two of the four
seats on LIMOS.com’s Board of Directors. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer,
who is also Counsel’s Chief Executive Officer, is a director of the Affiliate.
As a result of Counsel’s acquisition of the Affiliate, the Company’s ability to
exercise significant influence over LIMOS.com is deemed to have increased,
and
therefore the Company currently accounts for its investment in LIMOS.com under
the equity method. Consequently, the Company recorded a loss of $1 from its
investment for the period September 21, 2007 to December 31, 2007.
Knight’s
Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC
The
Company acquired a one-third interest in Knight’s Bridge Capital Partners
Internet Fund No. 1 GP LLC (“Knight’s Bridge GP”), effective December 7, 2007,
for a total purchase price of $20. The additional two-thirds interest in
Knight’s Bridge GP was acquired by parties affiliated with Counsel. Knight’s
Bridge GP was formed to acquire the general partner interests in 2007 Fund
1 LLP
(the “Fund”, subsequently renamed Knight’s Bridge Capital Partners Internet Fund
No. 1 LP). At December 31, 2007, the Fund held investments in several
Internet-based e-commerce businesses. As the general partner of the Fund,
Knight’s Bridge GP manages the Fund, in return for which it earns a 2% per annum
management fee with respect to the Fund’s invested capital. Knight’s Bridge GP
also has a 20% carried interest on any incremental realized gains from the
Fund’s investments.
The
Company’s one-third ownership of Knight’s Bridge GP allows the Company to
exercise significant influence, and therefore the Company accounts for its
investment under the equity method. The Fund was an investor in MyTrade.com,
and
the Company recorded income of $7 as its share of the Knight’s Bridge GP’s
carried interest when the Fund also sold its investment in MyTrade.com.
Following the Fund’s sale of MyTrade.com, the Company received a cash
distribution of $7 from Knight’s Bridge GP, which was recorded as a reduction of
the Company’s investment.
F-16
All
of
the investments described above were funded by Counsel through advances under
the Promissory Note that is discussed in Note 2, Note 9 and Note
13.
The
Company’s investment at December 31, 2006 consisted of a convertible preferred
stock holding in AccessLine Communications Corporation (“AccessLine”), a
privately-held corporation. On September 14, 2007, AccessLine was acquired
by an
unrelated third party. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company agreed
to accept the payment of $1,100 on September 14, 2007 as full payment of the
redemption of its preferred stock holding.
Note
6 - Discontinued Operations
Disposition
of the Telecommunications Business
Commencing
in 2001, the Company entered the Telecommunications business, acquiring certain
assets of the estate of WorldxChange Communications Inc. from bankruptcy. In
2002, the Company also acquired certain assets of the estate of RSL.COM USA
Inc.
from bankruptcy, and in 2003 the Company acquired Local Telcom Holdings, LLC.
Together, these assets made up the Telecommunications segment of the Company’s
business, which was owned through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Acceris
Communications Corp. (name changed to WXC Corp. (“WXCC”) in October
2005).
The
Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2005,
to
sell substantially all of the assets and to transfer certain liabilities of
WXCC
to Acceris Management and Acquisition LLC (“AMA”), an arm’s length Minnesota
limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of North Central Equity
LLC. In addition, on May 19, 2005, the parties executed a Management Services
Agreement (“MSA”), Security Agreement, Note, Proxy and Guaranty. Upon receipt of
the requisite approvals, including shareholder approval, the transaction was
completed on September 30, 2005.
The
sale
resulted in a gain on disposition of $6,387, net of disposition and business
exit costs. This gain, as well as the Telecommunications operations for the
year
ended December 31, 2005, have been reported in discontinued operations. In
connection with the sale, the Company incurred one-time termination costs of
$697. $496 of these costs were paid during 2005, and the remaining $201 were
paid during 2006. The Company recorded these costs as an expense of discontinued
operations.
On
February 28, 2006, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with
a
third party, which agreed to acquire all the shares of WXCC from the Company,
subject to certain closing requirements. As a result of all closing requirements
being completed and the third party lender’s consent to the release of its
security interest on March 28, 2006, the Company was relieved of $3,763 of
obligations that had previously been classified as liabilities of discontinued
operations. The Company recognized a gain of $3,645 on the sale, net of closing
costs of $118, which is included in income from discontinued operations.
On
June
26, 2006, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with the same
third party involved in the purchase of the WXCC shares, discussed above. The
third party agreed to acquire all the shares of ILC from the Company, subject
to
certain closing requirements. As a result of all closing requirements being
completed as of June 30, 2006, the Company was relieved of $711 of obligations
that had previously been classified as liabilities of discontinued operations.
The Company recognized a gain of $665 on the sale, net of closing costs of
$46,
which is included in income from discontinued operations.
Note
7 - Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities consisted of the following at December
31:
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
Regulatory
and legal fees
|
$
|
69
|
$
|
53
|
|||
Accounting,
auditing and tax consulting
|
107
|
126
|
|||||
Telecommunications
and related costs
|
—
|
77
|
|||||
Sales
and other taxes
|
62
|
72
|
|||||
Remuneration
and benefits
|
114
|
101
|
|||||
Accrued
interest
|
—
|
17
|
|||||
Other
|
50
|
104
|
|||||
$
|
402
|
$
|
550
|
F-17
Note
8 - Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Intangible
assets consisted of the following at December 31:
|
2007
|
||||||||||||
|
Amortization
period
|
Cost
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
Net
|
|||||||||
Intangible
assets subject to amortization:
|
|||||||||||||
Patent
rights
|
60
months
|
100
|
(80
|
)
|
20
|
||||||||
Goodwill
|
173
|
—
|
173
|
||||||||||
$
|
273
|
$
|
(80
|
)
|
$
|
193
|
|
2006
|
||||||||||||
|
Amortization
period
|
|
Cost
|
|
Accumulated
amortization
|
|
Net
|
||||||
Intangible
assets subject to amortization:
|
|||||||||||||
Patent
rights
|
60
months
|
100
|
(60
|
)
|
40
|
||||||||
Goodwill
|
173
|
—
|
173
|
||||||||||
$
|
273
|
$
|
(60
|
)
|
$
|
213
|
The
Company’s patent rights were acquired in December 2003 and are associated with
the VoIP Patent. Aggregate amortization expense of intangibles was $20 for
each
of the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. Amortization expense is
expected to be $20 in 2008, at which point the patent rights will be fully
amortized.
The
Company’s goodwill relates to an investment in a subsidiary company that holds
certain of the Company’s patent rights.
Note
9 - Debt
The
Company’s debt consists of the following at December 31:
2007
|
2006
|
||||||||||||||||||
Gross
debt
|
Discounts
|
Reported
debt
|
Gross
debt
|
Discounts
|
Reported
debt
|
||||||||||||||
Notes
payable to a related party, interest at 10.0%
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
6
|
|||||||
Convertible
note, interest at WSJ plus 3.0% (1)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1,471
|
(172
|
)
|
1,299
|
||||||||||||
2,335
|
—
|
2,335
|
1,477
|
(172
|
)
|
1,305
|
|||||||||||||
Less
current portion
|
2,335
|
—
|
2,335
|
1,477
|
(172
|
)
|
1,305
|
||||||||||||
Long-term
debt
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
(1)
This
Note was scheduled to mature in October 2007, but was repaid in full in January
2007. Prior to the repayment, the Note was secured by all assets of the Company
and guaranteed by Counsel through its maturity in October 2007. The repayment
was funded by Counsel and added to the note owing to Counsel.
Payment
due by period
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
obligations:
|
Total
|
Less
than 1
year
|
1-3
years
|
3-5
years
|
More
than 5
years
|
|||||||||||
Notes
payable to a related party
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
2,335
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
Counsel
is the controlling stockholder of the Company. The convertible note payable
(the
“Note”) outstanding at December 31, 2006 was held by a third party lender. As
discussed below, the Note was repaid in full in January 2007. As Counsel funded
the repayment, the related party note was increased at the same time. At
December 31, 2006, Counsel had guaranteed the Note through its contractual
maturity in October 2007, and had also subordinated its debt position and
pledged its ownership interest in C2 in favor of the third party
lender.
F-18
Notes
payable to a related party
The
related party notes payable were scheduled to mature on October 31, 2007. At
December 29, 2006, the aggregate amount of the outstanding related party debt,
all of which was payable to Counsel, was $83,582, including accrued and unpaid
interest to that date. On December 29, 2006, C2 negotiated an agreement with
Counsel under which, effective December 30, 2006, $3,386 of debt was converted
into 3,847,475 common shares of C2 at a price of $0.88 per share. At the same
time, the $80,196 remaining balance of the debt was forgiven by Counsel. The
debt forgiveness has been recorded as a capital contribution by Counsel in
the
consolidated financial statements for the year ending December 31,
2006.
While
any
amount of the notes is outstanding, they are subject to acceleration in certain
circumstances including certain events of default. Interest on related party
debt accrues to principal quarterly and, accordingly, the Company has no cash
payment obligations to Counsel prior to the debt’s maturity or forgiveness.
Historically, advances have been made to fund operations, to finance working
capital, to fund acquisitions and to pay down third party debt. Counsel, via
a
“Keep Well” agreement which expired on December 31, 2006, had previously agreed
to fund the cash requirements of C2. Although the Keep Well has not been
extended, Counsel has indicated that it will fund the Company’s minimal cash
requirements until at least December 31, 2008.
At
December 31, 2007 C2 was indebted to Counsel in the amount of $2,335,
representing $2,151 of net advances made since the December 30, 2006 debt
forgiveness, and $184 of accrued interest on those advances.
Prior
to
the debt forgiveness discussed above, one of the notes payable to Counsel was
convertible into common stock. Throughout the term of this note, anti-dilution
events impacted the conversion price and the number of shares issuable upon
conversion of this debt. As well, accumulated unpaid interest costs, which
were
required by the terms of the debt to be added to the principal balance, were
also convertible upon the same terms. These anti-dilution events and deemed
“paid in kind” interest periodically resulted in the recognition of a beneficial
conversion feature (“BCF”). In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue
No. 00-27, Application
of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments,
in 2006
the Company recorded a BCF of $1,225 (2005 - $1,511; 2004 - $3,771) as paid-in
capital. The aggregate BCF was amortized over the term of the debt, using the
effective interest rate method, through a charge to the statement of operations,
and was fully amortized at December 30, 2006. For further discussion of notes
payable and other transactions with Counsel, see Note 2, above, and Note 13,
below.
Convertible
note payable to a third party
On
October 14, 2004, the Company issued the Note with a detachable warrant to
a
third party lender, in the principal amount of $5,000, due October 14, 2007.
The
Note provided that the principal amount outstanding bore interest at the prime
rate as published in the Wall Street Journal plus 3% (but not less than 7%
per
annum) decreasing by 2% (but not to less than 0%) for every 25% increase in
the
Market Price (as defined therein) above the fixed conversion price following
the
effective date of the registration statement covering the common stock issuable
upon conversion of the Note. Principal was payable at the rate of approximately
$147 per month, in cash or, in certain circumstances, in registered common
stock. In the event the monthly payment was paid in cash, the Company paid
102%
of the amount due. The Company had the right to prepay the Note at any time,
by
giving seven business days written notice and paying 120% of the outstanding
principal amount of the Note. Subsequent to December 31, 2006, in January 2007,
as a result of negotiations between the Company and the third party lender,
the
lender converted a portion of its note into 10,000 common shares of the Company,
and the Company prepaid the remaining Note in full by paying 105% of the amount
then due.
The
Company’s net loss on the prepayment of the Note was $293, calculated as
follows:
Amount
paid to third party lender
|
$
|
1,388
|
||
Balance
of Note owing at January 10, 2007, net of $8.8 converted
to common shares
|
(1,315
|
)
|
||
Accrued
interest owing for period January 1 - 10, 2007
|
(4
|
)
|
||
Net
premium paid
|
69
|
|||
Premium
related to excess of $0.88 conversion price over $0.70 market
price: 10,000 shares x $0.18
|
(2
|
)
|
||
Write-off
unamortized discount and financing costs
|
226
|
|||
Net
loss on prepayment of Note
|
$
|
293
|
The
net
loss of $293 was approximately equal to the total of the interest expense and
discount amortization that the Company would have incurred by holding the debt
to its contractual maturity of October 14, 2007.
F-19
While
the
Note was outstanding, the third party lender had the right to convert the Note,
in whole or in part, into shares of common stock at any time upon one business
day’s prior written notice. The Note was convertible into shares of the
Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price of $0.88 per share of common
stock. In accordance with FASB Standard No. 133, Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
and
Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-19, Accounting
for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in,
a
Company’s Own Stock),
the
Company analyzed the various embedded derivative elements of the debt at
inception of the Note and concluded that all of the individual elements should
be characterized as debt for accounting purposes and that the embedded
derivative elements had nominal value. The value of the embedded derivative
elements of the debt was reassessed on a quarterly basis on a mark-to-market
basis. At the end of 2006 and 2005, the Company concluded that the value of
the
embedded derivatives remained nominal.
In
connection with the Note, the Company recorded a debt discount of $656,
comprising $430 relating to the warrant allocation and $226 of financing costs
to the third party lender, which was deducted from the amount advanced on
closing. The debt discount was amortized over the term of the debt using the
effective interest method through a charge to the statement of
operations.
Warrant
to purchase common stock
In
addition to the Note, the Company issued a common stock purchase warrant (the
“Warrant”) to the third party lender, entitling the lender to purchase up to one
million shares of common stock, subject to adjustment. The Warrant entitles
the
holder to purchase the stock through the earlier of (i) October 13,
2009 or (ii) the date on which the average closing price for any
consecutive ten trading dates shall equal or exceed 15 times the Exercise Price.
The Exercise Price shall equal $1.00 per share as to the first 250,000 shares,
$1.08 per share for the next 250,000 shares and $1.20 per share for the
remaining 500,000 shares. The Exercise Price is 125%, 135% and 150% of the
average closing price for the ten trading days immediately prior to the date
of
the Warrant, respectively.
The
Company filed a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, to register the 6,681,818 shares issuable upon conversion of the Note
as well as those issuable pursuant to the Warrant. This registration statement
was declared effective by the SEC on January 18, 2005.
At
the
time it was issued in October 2004, the Warrant was classified as a liability
in
the consolidated financial statements, as it was linked to a registration
payment arrangement and thus met the conditions for this classification under
the GAAP in effect at that date. The details of the registration payment
arrangement were previously disclosed in the Company’s Report on Form 8-K, filed
with the SEC on October 20, 2004. At the issuance of the Warrant, the Company
did not expect to make any payments relating to the registration payment
arrangement. The initial value assigned to the Warrant was $430. The value
of
the Warrant was then reassessed quarterly on a mark-to-market basis, based
on
the price of the Company’s common stock at the end of the quarter. The Company
adjusted the value of the Warrant to $322 at the end of 2004, $281 at the end
of
2005, and $203 at September 30, 2006. The Company recorded $108, $41 and $78
as
income in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, representing the diminution in
the
estimated fair value of the Warrant during each of those periods.
In
December 2006, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 00-19-2,
Accounting
for Registration Payment Arrangements
(“FSP
EITF 00-19-2”). According to FSP EITF 00-19-2, financial instrument(s) such as
the Warrant should be recorded in the financial statements using appropriate
GAAP without regard to the contingent obligation to transfer consideration
pursuant to a related registration payment arrangement, and any contingent
obligations under the registration payment arrangement should be separately
recognized and measured in accordance with GAAP relating to liabilities.
Adoption of FSP EITF 00-19-2 is permitted for interim or annual periods for
which financial statements or interim reports have not been issued.
Retrospective application is not permitted. The Company evaluated the
requirements of FSP EITF 00-19-2, determined that it is applicable to the
Warrant, and chose to adopt FSP EITF 00-19-2 effective October 1, 2006, the
beginning of the Company’s 2006 fourth quarter. The impact of adopting FSP EITF
00-19-2 on the Company’s financial position was as follows: long-term
liabilities were reduced by $203, the fair value of the Warrant at October
1,
2006, and stockholders’ equity was increased by $430, the fair value of the
Warrant when issued at October 14, 2004. The difference between these two
amounts, $227, was recorded as a charge to opening retained earnings. At the
date of adoption of FSP EITF 00-19-2, and at December 31, 2007 and 2006, the
Company’s assessment was that payments relating to the registration payment
arrangement were not probable, and therefore the Company has not recorded any
liability in connection with such a payment.
Note
10 - Commitments
At
December 31, 2007, C2 has no commitments other than its debt, as described
above
in Note 9.
F-20
Note
11 - Patent Residual
In
the
fourth quarter of 2003, C2 acquired Patent No. 6,243,373 from a third party.
Consideration provided was $100 plus a 35% residual payable to the third party
relating to the net proceeds from future licensing and/or enforcement actions
from the C2 VoIP Patent Portfolio (U.S. Patent Nos. 6,243,373 and 6,438,124).
Net proceeds are defined as amounts collected from third parties net of the
direct costs associated with putting the licensing or enforcement in place
and
related collection costs. To date, no payments have been required, as the
relevant costs incurred have exceeded licensing revenues. As we earn patent
licensing revenues, we expect that there will be proceeds that will be subject
to the former owner’s 35% entitlement.
Note
12 - Income Taxes
The
Company recognized a future income tax recovery of $1,000 with respect to the
tax effect of available tax loss carryforwards expected to be utilized in 2008.
No income tax benefit was recognized with respect to its net losses recorded
in
2006 and 2005. The reported tax benefit varies from the amount that would be
provided by applying the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate to the loss
from
continuing operations before taxes for the following reasons:
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Expected
federal statutory tax benefit
|
$
|
(554
|
)
|
$
|
(4,096
|
)
|
$
|
(5,068
|
)
|
|
Increase
(reduction) in taxes resulting from:
|
||||||||||
State
income taxes
|
—
|
(121
|
)
|
(268
|
)
|
|||||
Non-deductible
interest on certain notes
|
—
|
2,841
|
2,560
|
|||||||
Change
in valuation allowance attributable to continuing
operations
|
(508
|
)
|
1,371
|
2,775
|
||||||
Other
|
62
|
5
|
1
|
|||||||
Future
income tax recovery
|
$
|
(1,000
|
)
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
The
change in the valuation allowance, including discontinued operations, was a
decrease of $557 (applying FIN 48), a decrease of $21,186, and an increase
of
$3,123 for the years ended 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
At
December 31, 2007, after the application of FIN 48 described further below,
the
Company had total net operating loss and net capital loss carryforwards for
federal income tax purposes of approximately $88,000 and $34,000 respectively.
The Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will utilize at
least $3,000 of these tax losses against estimated future taxable income arising
in 2008. The net operating loss carryforwards expire between 2024 and 2027.
The
net capital loss carryforwards expire in 2010 and 2011.
The
Company’s utilization of approximately $35,000 of its available net operating
loss carryforwards against future taxable income is restricted pursuant to
the
“change in ownership” rules in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and
after the application of FIN 48 described further below. These rules, in
general, provide that an ownership change occurs when the percentage
shareholdings of 5% direct or indirect stockholders of a loss corporation have,
in aggregate, increased by more than 50 percentage points during the immediately
preceding three years.
Restrictions
in net operating loss carryforwards occurred in 2001 as a result of the
acquisition of the Company by Counsel. Further restrictions may have occurred
as
a result of subsequent changes in the share ownership and capital structure
of
the Company and Counsel and disposition of business interests by the Company.
Pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, annual usage of the
Company’s net operating loss carryforwards, prior to the sale of the Company’s
Telecommunications business, was limited to approximately $6,700 per annum
until
2008 and $1,700 per annum thereafter as a result of previous cumulative changes
of ownership resulting in a change of control of the Company. After the
completion of the sale of the Company’s Telecommunications business, the annual
usage of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards is limited to
approximately $2,500 per annum until 2008 and $1,700 per annum thereafter.
There
is no certainty that the application of these “change in ownership” rules may
not recur, resulting in further restrictions on the Company’s income tax loss
carry forwards existing at a particular time. In addition, further restrictions,
reductions in, or expiry of net operating loss and net capital loss
carryforwards may occur through future merger, acquisition and/or disposition
transactions or failure to continue a significant level of business activities.
Any such additional limitations could require the Company to pay income taxes
on
its future earnings and record an income tax expense to the extent of such
liability, despite the existence of such tax loss carryforwards.
The
Company is subject to state income tax in multiple jurisdictions. While the
Company had net operating loss carryforwards for state income tax purposes
in
certain states where it previously conducted business its available state tax
loss carryforwards may differ substantially by jurisdiction and, in general,
are
subject to the same or similar restrictions as to expiry and usage described
above. In addition, in certain states the Company’s state tax loss carryforwards
which were attributable to the business of WXC Corp. ceased to be available
to
the Company following the sale of the shares of this company in 2006. It is
entirely possible that in the future, the Company
may not have tax loss carryforwards available to shield income generated for
state tax purposes and which is attributable to a particular state from being
subject to tax in that particular state.
F-21
The
components of the deferred tax asset and liability as of December 31 (after
the
application of FIN 48) are as follows:
|
2007
|
2006
Post-FIN
48
|
2006
Pre-FIN
48
|
|||||||
Net
operating loss carryforwards
|
$
|
30,127
|
$
|
29,393
|
$
|
41,197
|
||||
Net
capital loss carryforwards
|
11,837
|
11,862
|
13,014
|
|||||||
Acquired
in-process research and development and intangible assets
|
1,343
|
1,715
|
1,881
|
|||||||
Stock-based
compensation
|
88
|
42
|
48
|
|||||||
Accrued
liabilities
|
7
|
7
|
7
|
|||||||
Reserve
for accounts receivable
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|||||||
Other
|
25
|
(35
|
)
|
(39
|
)
|
|||||
Valuation
allowance
|
(42,429
|
)
|
(42,986
|
)
|
(56,110
|
)
|
||||
Total
deferred tax assets
|
1,000
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Deferred
tax liabilities
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Net
deferred tax assets
|
$
|
1,000
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
The
Company has claimed a valuation allowance at the end of the year sufficient
to
reduce its net deferred tax asset to $1,000, the amount considered more likely
than not to be utilized in 2008. As the Company had no expectation of generating
taxable income in 2007, a full valuation allowance was provided for at December
31, 2006 to reduce the total deferred tax asset to nil.
In
the
first quarter of 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R). Effective December
31, 2006, as provided in FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. FAS 123(R)-3,
Transition
Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment
Awards
(“FSP
123(R)-3”), the Company elected to apply “the short cut method”, as outlined in
FSP 123(R)-3, as the methodology for recognizing any related windfall tax
benefits as a credit to additional paid-in capital. The adoption of SFAS No.
123(R) and “the short cut method” had no immediate impact from an income tax
perspective, since SFAS No. 123(R) specifically prohibits the recognition of
any
windfall tax benefits that have not been realized in cash or in the form of
a
reduction of income taxes payable. The Company, to date, has not realized such
benefits either in cash or in the form a of a reduction in income taxes payable
due to the continued availability of net operating tax loss carryforwards.
The
adoption of the “short cut method” will therefore only have application in the
event of the Company incurring an income tax liability at a future
date.
Uncertain
Tax Positions
The
Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. As a
result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recorded a reduction in
its
deferred tax asset of approximately $13,100, attributable to unrecognized tax
benefits of $24,000 associated with prior years’ tax losses, which are not
expected to be available primarily due to change of control usage restrictions,
and a reduction in the rate of the tax benefit associated with all of its tax
attributes. Due to the Company’s historic policy of applying a valuation
allowance against its deferred tax assets, the effect of the above was an
offsetting reduction in the Company’s valuation allowance. Accordingly, the
above reduction had no net impact on the Company’s financial position,
operations or cash flow.
In
the
unlikely event that these tax benefits are recognized in the future, there
should be no impact on the Company’s effective tax rate, unless recognition
occurs at a time when all of the Company’s historic tax loss carryforwards have
been utilized and the associated valuation allowance against the Company’s
deferred tax assets has been reversed. In such circumstances, the amount
recognized at that time should result in a reduction in the Company’s effective
tax rate.
The
Company’s policy is to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to
unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Because the Company has tax
loss carryforwards in excess of the unrecognized tax benefits, the Company
did
not accrue for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits
either upon the adoption of FIN 48 or in the current period.
The
following table summarizes the activity related to gross unrecognized tax
benefits of the Company from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2007:
Beginning
unrecognized tax benefit per FIN 48
|
13,124
|
|||
Decrease
related to prior year positions
|
(5
|
)
|
||
Increase
related to current year positions
|
48
|
|||
Ending
unrecognized tax benefit per FIN 48
|
13,167
|
F-22
It
is
reasonably possible that the total amount of the Company’s unrecognized tax
benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.
These changes may be the result of future audits, the application of “change in
ownership” rules leading to further restrictions in tax losses arising from
changes in the capital structure of the Company and/or that of its parent
company Counsel, reductions in available tax loss carryforwards through future
merger, acquisition and/or disposition transactions, failure to continue a
significant level of business activities or other circumstances not known to
management at this time. At this time, an estimate of the range of reasonably
possible outcomes cannot be made.
The
Company has a history of generating tax losses arising from 1991 to the present.
All loss taxation years remain open for audit pending their application against
income in a subsequent taxation year. In general, the statute of limitations
expires 3 years from the date that a Company files a tax return applying prior
year tax loss carryforwards against income in the later year. In 2006, the
Company applied historic tax loss carryforwards against debt forgiveness income.
Accordingly, the 2004 through 2007 taxation years remain open.
Note
13 - Transactions with Controlling Stockholder
Transactions
with Counsel
At
December 31, 2007, C2 was indebted to Counsel in the aggregate amount of $2,335,
including accrued and unpaid interest to that date. The details of the
individual notes comprising the balance are presented below.
Collateralized
Promissory Note and Loan Agreement
During
the fourth quarter of 2003, Counsel advanced the sum of $5,600 to C2, evidenced
by a promissory note. In January 2004, C2 and Counsel entered into a loan
agreement and an amended and restated promissory note pursuant to which an
additional $2,000 was loaned to C2 and pursuant to which additional periodic
loans were made from time to time (collectively and as amended, the “Promissory
Note”). The Promissory Note accrues interest at 10% per annum compounded
quarterly from the date funds are advanced. The loan has been amended several
times and the maturity date of the loan plus accrued interest has been extended
to December 31, 2008.
The
Promissory Note is secured by the assets of the Company and is subject to
certain events of default which may accelerate the repayment of principal plus
accrued interest. There are no conversion features associated with the
Promissory Note. The loan increased primarily due to operating advances in
2004,
2005 and 2006 and the outstanding balance at December 29, 2006 (including
principal and accrued interest), prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness
by Counsel, was $41,897. At
December 31, 2006 C2 was indebted to Counsel in the amount of $6, representing
C2 expenses paid by Counsel on behalf of C2 that had not been recorded in C2’s
accounts prior to the debt forgiveness. At December 31, 2007 C2 was indebted
to
Counsel in the amount of $2,288 due to Counsel funding the Company’s ongoing
cash requirements net of the Company’s repayment of $1,000 from the proceeds of
the AccessLine preferred share redemption discussed in Note 5.
Secured
Loan to C2
To
fund
the acquisition of the WorldxChange Communications, Inc. assets and operations
on June 4, 2001, Counsel provided a loan (the “Initial Loan”) to C2 in the
aggregate amount of $15,000. On October 1, 2003 Counsel assigned the balance
owed in connection with the Initial Loan of $9,743, including accrued interest
(“the Assigned Loan”), to C2 in exchange for a new loan bearing interest at 10%
per annum compounded quarterly and payable on maturity of the loan (“the New
Loan”). Consistent with the terms of the Initial Loan, subject to certain
conditions, the New Loan provides for certain mandatory prepayments upon written
notice from Counsel including an event resulting in the issuance of new shares
by C2 to a party unrelated to Counsel where the funds were not used for an
approved expanded business plan, the purchase of the Company’s accounts
receivable by a third party or where C2 sells material assets in excess of
cash
proceeds of $1,000, and certain other events. The New Loan is subject to certain
events of default which accelerate the repayment of principal plus accrued
interest. It has been amended several times and the maturity date of the loan
plus accrued interest has been extended to December 31, 2008. There are no
conversion features associated with the New Loan. As of December 29, 2006,
the
total outstanding debt under the New Loan (including principal and accrued
interest), prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness by Counsel, was
$13,428. During 2007, Counsel advanced $145 and accrued interest of $2 and
the
Company repaid $100 from the proceeds of the MyTrade.com, Inc. sale discussed
in
Note 5; therefore, total outstanding debt under the New Loan was $47 at December
31, 2007.
Initial
Acquisition of C2 and Senior Convertible Loan
On
March
1, 2001, C2 entered into a Senior Convertible Loan and Security Agreement,
(the
“Senior Loan Agreement”) with Counsel. Pursuant to the terms and provisions of
the Senior Loan Agreement, Counsel agreed to make periodic loans to C2 in the
aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10,000, which was subsequently
increased to $12,000 through amendment on May 8, 2001.
F-23
The
Senior Loan Agreement was amended several times and the maturity date of the
loan plus accrued interest was extended to October 31, 2007. As a result of
the
application of the anti-dilution provisions of the Senior Loan Agreement, the
conversion price was adjusted to $5.02 per common share. At December 29, 2006,
prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness by Counsel, the total
outstanding debt under the Senior Loan Agreement (including principal and
accrued interest) was $19,966 which was convertible into approximately 3,977,208
shares of common stock. There have been no further advances under this loan
since the debt was forgiven.
Assignment
of Winter Harbor Common Stock and Debt Interests
Pursuant
to the terms of a settlement between Counsel and Winter Harbor and First Media
L.P., a limited partnership and the parent company of Winter Harbor
(collectively, the “Winter Harbor Parties”), effective August 29, 2003, the
Winter Harbor Parties relinquished their right to 118,750 shares of the common
stock of C2 to Counsel. The Winter Harbor Parties further assigned to Counsel
all of their rights with respect to a note payable by C2 of $1,999 drawn down
pursuant to a Letter of Credit issued November 3, 1998 to secure certain
obligations of C2 together with any accrued interest thereon. The assigned
amount together with accrued interest amounted to $2,577 on August 29, 2003.
As
a result of the settlement and assignment, C2 entered into a new loan agreement
with Counsel the terms of which provided that from August 29, 2003 the loan
balance of $2,577 would bear interest at 10% per annum compounded quarterly
with
the aggregate balance of principal and accrued interest payable on maturity
of
the loan. This loan agreement was amended and restated several times to allow
for the making of further periodic advances and to extend the maturity date
to
October 31, 2007. There were no conversion features associated with this loan.
As of December 29, 2006, prior to the December 30, 2006 debt forgiveness by
Counsel, the total outstanding debt under the loan (including principal and
accrued interest) was $8,291. There have been no further advances under this
loan since the debt was forgiven.
Counsel
Guarantee, Subordination and Stock Pledge
In
October 2004, Counsel agreed to guarantee the debt that the Company owed to
its
third party lender, and also agreed to subordinate all of its debt owed by
the
Company, and to subrogate all of its related security interests, in favor of
the
third party lender. Counsel further agreed to pledge all of its shares owned
in
C2 as security for its guarantee. In accordance with these agreements, amounts
owing to Counsel could not be repaid while amounts remained owing to the third
party lender. In January 2007, when the debt owing to the third party lender
was
prepaid in full, the subordination , subrogation and guarantee agreements were
terminated.
As
discussed in Note 5 of these consolidated financial statements, with respect
to
the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com in the third quarter of 2007, all
investors in LIMOS.com have pledged their ownership interests as security for
a
$2,500 loan entered into by LIMOS.com and a third party lender (the “Lender”).
The Company’s majority stockholder, Counsel, has guaranteed $250 of the Loan on
the Company’s behalf. Contemporaneously with the Company’s investment in
LIMOS.com and Counsel’s guaranty, Counsel and the Lender entered into a
Priorities Agreement. Under the terms of the Promissory Note, which is discussed
in more detail in Note 2 and Note 9, the Company had pledged all of its
assets to Counsel as security for the Promissory Note. The Priorities Agreement
subordinates Counsel’s claim to the Company’s investment in LIMOS.com in favor
of the Lender.
Counsel
Management Services
In
December 2004, C2 entered into a management services agreement (the “Agreement”)
with Counsel. Under the terms of the Agreement, C2 agreed to make payment to
Counsel for the past and future services to be provided by certain Counsel
personnel to C2 for each of 2004 and 2005. In March 2006 C2 entered into a
similar agreement with Counsel for services to be provided in 2006. The basis
for such services charged was an allocation, based on time incurred, of the
cost
of the base compensation paid by Counsel to those employees providing services
to C2. For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, the cost of such services
was $280 and $450, respectively. The cost for 2006 was $225, reflecting the
reduced complexity of C2 operations following the sale of the Telecommunications
business. The foregoing fees for 2004, 2005 and 2006 were due and payable within
30 days following the respective year ends, subject to any subordination
restrictions then in effect. Any unpaid fee amounts bore interest at 10% per
annum commencing on the day after such year-end, and in the event of a change
of
control, merger or similar event of the Company, all amounts owing, including
fees incurred up to the date of the event, would have become due and payable
immediately upon the occurrence of such event, subject to any subordination
restrictions then in effect. The fees for 2004, 2005 and 2006 were forgiven
on
December 30, 2006 as part of Counsel’s forgiveness of its outstanding debt from
C2, as discussed above. In accordance with the agreement with the Company’s
third party lender, amounts owing to Counsel at December 31, 2006 could not
be
repaid while amounts remained owing to the third party lender. The repayment
in
full of the third party debt in January 2007 removed this restriction on
payments to Counsel. In May 2007, the Company and Counsel entered into a similar
agreement for services provided during 2007, and the cost for 2007 was $225.
The
Company expects that Counsel will continue to provide these services in 2008
on
the same cost basis.
F-24
Note
14 - Legal Proceedings
On
April 16, 2004, certain stockholders of the Company (the “Plaintiffs”)
filed a putative derivative complaint in the Superior Court of the State of
California in and for the County of San Diego, (the “Complaint”) against the
Company, WorldxChange Corporation (sic), Counsel Communications LLC, and Counsel
Corporation as well as four present and former officers and directors of the
Company, some of whom also are or were directors and/or officers of the other
corporate defendants (collectively, the “Defendants”). The Complaint alleges,
among other things, that the Defendants, in their respective roles as
controlling stockholder and directors and officers of the Company committed
breaches of the fiduciary duties of care, loyalty and good faith and were
unjustly enriched, and that the individual Defendants committed waste of
corporate assets, abuse of control and gross mismanagement. The Plaintiffs
seek
compensatory damages, restitution, disgorgement of allegedly unlawful profits,
benefits and other compensation, attorneys’ fees and expenses in connection with
the Complaint. The Company believes that these claims are without merit and
intends to continue to vigorously defend this action. Although there is no
certainty that this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor, at this time
the Company does not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a
material adverse impact on its business, results of operations, financial
position or liquidity.
The
Company, Counsel Communications LLC, Counsel Corporation and four of its current
and former executives and board members were named in a securities action filed
in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of San
Diego (the “Court”) on April 16, 2004, in which the plaintiffs made claims
nearly identical to those set forth in the Complaint in the derivative suit
described above. The Company believes that these claims are without merit and
intends to vigorously defend this action. Although there is no certainty that
this matter will be resolved in the Company’s favor, at this time the Company
does not believe that the outcome of this matter will have a material adverse
impact on its business, results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
In February 2006, the plaintiffs in both this action and the derivative action
described above changed attorneys. On July 31, 2007, the trial date for both
actions was moved to June 6, 2008.
At
our
Adjourned Meeting of Stockholders held on December 30, 2003, our stockholders,
among other things, approved an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation,
deleting Article VI thereof (regarding liquidations, reorganizations, mergers
and the like). Stockholders who were entitled to vote at the meeting and advised
us in writing, prior to the vote on the amendment, that they dissented and
intended to demand payment for their shares if the amendment was effectuated,
were entitled to exercise their appraisal rights and obtain payment in cash
for
their shares under Sections 607.1301 - 607.1333 of the Florida Business
Corporation Act (the “Florida Act”), provided their shares were not voted in
favor of the amendment. In January 2004, we sent appraisal notices in compliance
with Florida corporate statutes to all stockholders who had advised us of their
intention to exercise their appraisal rights. The appraisal notices included
our
estimate of fair value of our shares, at $4.00 per share on a post-split basis.
These stockholders had until February 29, 2004 to return their completed
appraisal notices along with certificates for the shares for which they were
exercising their appraisal rights. Approximately 33 stockholders holding
approximately 74,000 shares of our stock returned completed appraisal notices
by
February 29, 2004. A stockholder of 20 shares notified us of his acceptance
of
our offer of $4.00 per share, while the stockholders of the remaining shares
did
not accept our offer. Subject to the qualification that, in accordance with
the
Florida Act, we may not make any payment to a stockholder seeking appraisal
rights if, at the time of payment, our total assets are less than our total
liabilities, stockholders who accepted our offer to purchase their shares at
the
estimated fair value will be paid for their shares within 90 days of our receipt
of a duly executed appraisal notice. If we should be required to make any
payments to dissenting stockholders, Counsel will fund any such amounts through
advances to C2. Stockholders who did not accept our offer were required to
indicate their own estimate of fair value, and if we do not agree with such
estimates, the parties are required to go to court for an appraisal proceeding
on an individual basis, in order to establish fair value. Because we did not
agree with the estimates submitted by most of the dissenting stockholders,
we
have sought a judicial determination of the fair value of the common stock
held
by the dissenting stockholders. On June 24, 2004, we filed suit against the
dissenting stockholders seeking a declaratory judgment, appraisal and other
relief in the Circuit Court for the 17th
Judicial
District in Broward County, Florida. On February 4, 2005, the declaratory
judgment action was stayed pending the resolution of the direct and derivative
lawsuits filed in California. This decision was made by the judge in the Florida
declaratory judgment action due to the similar nature of certain allegations
brought by the defendants in the declaratory judgment matter and the California
lawsuits described above. On March 7, 2005, the dissenting shareholders appealed
the decision of the District Court judge to the Fourth District Court of Appeals
for the State of Florida, which denied the appeal on June 21, 2005. When the
declaratory judgment matter resumes, there is no assurance that this matter
will
be resolved in our favor and an unfavorable outcome of this matter could have
a
material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial
position or liquidity.
In
connection with the Company’s efforts to enforce its patent rights, C2
Communications Technologies Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company,
filed a patent infringement lawsuit against AT&T, Inc., Verizon
Communications, Inc., Qwest Communications International, Inc., Bellsouth
Corporation, Sprint Nextel Corporation, Global Crossing Limited, and Level
3
Communications, Inc. The complaint was filed in the Marshall Division of the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas on June 15,
2006.
The complaint alleges that these companies’ VoIP services and systems infringe
the Company’s U.S. Patent No. 6,243,373, entitled “Method
and Apparatus for Implementing a Computer Network/Internet Telephone
System”.
The
complaint seeks
an
injunction, monetary damages and costs. There is no assurance that the Company
will be successful in this litigation. In February 2008, the Company settled
the
complaints against AT&T and Verizon by entering into settlement and license
agreements.
F-25
The
Company is involved in various other legal matters arising out of its operations
in the normal course of business, none of which are expected, individually
or in
the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Note
15 - Class N Preferred Stock
Each
Class N preferred share has a voting entitlement equal to 40 common shares,
votes with the common stock on an as-converted basis and is senior to all other
preferred stock of the Company. Dividends, if any, will be paid on an
as-converted basis equal to common stock dividends. The value of each Class N
preferred share is $1,000, and each share is convertible to 40 common shares
at
the rate of $25 per common share.
During
2007, holders of the Class N preferred stock converted four of those shares
into
160 shares of common stock. During 2006, six of those shares were converted
into
240 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were,
respectively, 607 and 611 shares of Class N preferred stock issued and
outstanding.
At
December 31, 2007 and 2006, of the 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock
authorized, 9,486,500 remain undesignated and unissued.
Note
16 - Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-
Based Compensation Plans
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has five stock-based compensation plans, which
are described below.
1995
Director Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
The
1995
Director Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “1995 Director Plan”)
provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) to directors of the Company up to
12,500 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of stock
dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). If any incentive option,
non-qualified option or SAR terminates prior to exercise thereof and during
the
duration of the 1995 Director Plan, the shares of common stock as to which
such
option or right was not exercised will become available under the 1995 Director
Plan for the grant of additional options or rights to any eligible director.
Each option is immediately exercisable for a period of ten years from the date
of grant. The Company has 12,500 shares of common stock reserved for issuance
under the 1995 Director Plan. No options were granted or exercised under this
plan in 2007 and 2006. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, no options to purchase
shares were outstanding. In 2007, no options expired (2006 -
7,500).
1995
Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
The
1995
Employee Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “1995 Employee Plan”)
provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock
options, and SARs. Directors of the Company are not eligible to participate
in
the 1995 Employee Plan. The 1995 Employee Plan provides for the grant of stock
options, which qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the
Internal Revenue Code, to be issued to officers who are employees and other
employees, as well as for the grant of non-qualified options to be issued to
officers, employees and consultants. In addition, SARs may be granted in
conjunction with the grant of incentive and non-qualified options.
The
1995
Employee Plan provides for the grant of incentive options, non-qualified options
and SARs of up to 20,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the
event of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). To the extent
that an incentive option or non-qualified option is not exercised within the
period of exercisability specified therein, it will expire as to the then
unexercisable portion. If any incentive option, non-qualified option or SAR
terminates prior to exercise thereof and during the duration of the 1995
Employee Plan, the shares of common stock as to which such option or right
was
not exercised will become available under the 1995 Employee Plan for the grant
of additional options or rights to any eligible employee. The shares of common
stock subject to the 1995 Employee Plan may be made available from either
authorized but unissued shares, treasury shares or both. The Company has 20,000
shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 1995 Employee Plan.
As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were no options outstanding under the 1995
Employee Plan. No options were granted or exercised in 2007 or 2006 under the
1995 Employee Plan.
F-26
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan
In
October 2000, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment of the
1997
Recruitment Stock Option Plan (the “1997 Plan”)which provides for the issuance
of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and SARs up to an
aggregate of 370,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event
of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). The price at which
shares of common stock covered by the option can be purchased is determined
by
the Company’s Board of Directors; however in all instances the exercise price is
never less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date
the option is granted.
As
of
December 31, 2007, there were options to purchase 238,611 shares (2006 - 239,611
shares) of the Company’s common stock outstanding under the 1997 Plan. 168,750
of these options were unvested at December 31, 2007, and will vest between
2008
and 2010 at an exercise price of $0.66 per share. 56,250 options with an
exercise price of $0.66 per share were vested at December 31, 2007 (no vested
options at December 31, 2006). 13,611 options with exercise prices of $1.40
to
$111.26 per share were vested at December 31, 2007 (2006 - 14,611 options with
exercise prices of $1.40 to $111.26 per share). The options with an exercise
price of $0.66 must be exercised within seven years of grant date and can only
be exercised while the option holder is an employee of the Company. The
remaining options must be exercised within ten years of grant date and can
only
be exercised while the option holder is an employee of the Company. The Company
has not awarded any SARs under the 1997 Plan. During 2007, no options to
purchase shares of common stock were issued, and 1,000 options expired. During
2006, 225,000 options to purchase shares of common stock were issued, and no
options were forfeited or expired. There were no exercises during 2007 or
2006.
2000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
During
2000, the Company obtained approval from its stockholders to establish the
2000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The Stock Purchase Plan provides for the purchase
of common stock, in the aggregate, up to 125,000 shares. This plan allows all
eligible employees of the Company to have payroll withholding of 1 to 15 percent
of their wages. The amounts withheld during a calendar quarter are then used
to
purchase common stock at a 15 percent discount off the lower of the closing
sale
price of the Company’s stock on the first or last day of each quarter. This plan
was approved by the Board of Directors, subject to stockholder approval, and
was
effective beginning the third quarter of 2000. The Company issued 1,726 shares
to employees based upon payroll withholdings during 2001. There have been no
issuances since 2001.
The
purpose of the Stock Purchase Plan is to provide incentives for all eligible
employees of C2 (or any of its subsidiaries) who have been employees for at
least three months, to participate in stock ownership of C2 by acquiring or
increasing their proprietary interest in C2. The Stock Purchase Plan is designed
to encourage employees to remain in the employ of C2. It is the intention of
C2
to have the Stock Purchase Plan qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan”
within the meaning of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended,
to
issue shares of common stock to all eligible employees of C2 (or any of C2’s
subsidiaries) who have been employees for at least three months.
2003
Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan
In
November 2003, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2003 Stock Option
and Appreciation Rights Plan (the “2003 Plan”) which provides for the issuance
of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and SARs up to an
aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the
event of stock dividends, stock splits, and other similar events). The price
at
which shares of common stock covered by the option can be purchased is
determined by the Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof; however,
in the case of incentive stock options the exercise price shall not be less
than
the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date the option is
granted. As of December 31, 2007, there were options to purchase 598,250 shares
(2006 - 568,250 shares) of the Company’s common stock outstanding under the 2003
Plan. The outstanding options vest over four years at exercise prices ranging
from $0.51 to $3.00 per share. During 2007, 30,000 options (2006 - 230,000
options) were granted. During 2007 and 2006, no options to purchase shares
of
common stock were forfeited or expired. There were no options exercised during
2007 and 2006, and no SARs have been issued under the 2003 Plan.
Other
options
In
1996,
the Company approved the issuance of 87,500 options to executives of the
Company, as part of their employment agreements, and 3,200 options to a
consultant. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, none of these options remained
outstanding. During 2006, 78,200 options with an exercise price of $78.00
expired.
During
1997 and 2001, the Company issued options to purchase 60,500 shares of common
stock (10,500 of which were issued under the 1997 recruitment stock option
plan)
to consultants at exercise prices ranging from $97.50 to $168.75 (repriced
to
$78.00 on December
13, 1998), which was based on the closing price of the stock at the grant date.
During 2007, 43,667 options expired, and none were exercised or forfeited.
No
options expired, and none were exercised or forfeited during 2006. The remaining
options must be exercised within ten years of the grant date. As of December
31,
2007 there remained 833 options outstanding.
F-27
During
1997, the Company issued non-qualified options to purchase 114,750 shares of
common stock to certain executive employees. The options must be exercised
within ten years of the grant date and have an exercise price of $78.00. During
2007, the remaining 105,915 options expired and there were therefore no options
outstanding at December 31, 2007. There were no options exercised or forfeited
in 2007 or 2006, and no options expired during 2006.
During
1998, the Company issued non-qualified options to purchase 46,750 shares of
common stock to certain executive employees at exercise prices ranging from
$51.26 to $62.50, which price was based on the closing price of the stock at
the
grant date. The options must be exercised within ten years of the grant date.
No
options expired, were exercised or forfeited during 2007 or 2006. As of December
31, 2007 there remained 40,472 options outstanding.
During
1999, the Company issued non-qualified options to purchase 32,750 shares of
common stock to certain executive employees at exercise prices ranging from
$50.00 to $71.26, which price was based on the closing price of the stock at
the
grant date. The options must be exercised within ten years of the grant date.
No
options expired, were exercised or forfeited during 2007 or 2006. As of December
31, 2007, there remained 18,750 options outstanding.
During
1999, the Company issued non-qualified options to purchase 10,000 shares of
common stock to a consultant at an exercise price of $60.00, which was based
on
the closing price of the stock at the grant date. No options expired, were
exercised or forfeited during 2007 or 2006. The fair value of the options issued
was recorded as deferred compensation of $300,000, which was amortized over
the
expected period the services were to be provided. The options must be exercised
within ten years of the grant date. As of December 31, 2007 there remained
10,000 options outstanding.
During
2000, the Company issued non-qualified options to purchase 129,250 shares of
common stock to certain executive employees at exercise prices ranging from
$55.00 to $127.50, which price was based on the closing price of the stock
at
the grant date. The options must be exercised within ten years of the grant
date. No options expired, were exercised or forfeited during 2007 or 2006.
As of
December 31, 2007, there remained 68,833 options outstanding.
The
following table summarizes the changes in common stock options for the common
stock option plans described above:
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding
at beginning of year
|
1,096,326
|
$
|
19.51
|
727,026
|
$
|
37.50
|
1,791,643
|
$
|
42.46
|
||||||||||
Granted
|
30,000
|
0.70
|
455,000
|
0.82
|
39,600
|
0.54
|
|||||||||||||
Exercised
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||||||||
Expired
|
(150,577
|
)
|
78.00
|
(85,700
|
)
|
73.14
|
(1,117
|
)
|
21.98
|
||||||||||
Forfeited
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(1,103,100
|
)
|
4.64
|
||||||||||||
Outstanding
at end of year
|
975,749
|
$
|
9.88
|
1,096,326
|
$
|
19.51
|
727,026
|
$
|
37.50
|
||||||||||
Options
exercisable at year end
|
549,936
|
$
|
16.89
|
499,701
|
$
|
41.24
|
516,463
|
$
|
53.39
|
||||||||||
Weighted-average
fair value of options granted during the year
|
$
|
0.46
|
$
|
0.50
|
$
|
0.39
|
Stock-Based
Compensation Expense
In
December 2004, the FASB issued a revision (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) to SFAS No. 123,
Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation
(“SFAS
No. 123”), and the Company was required to adopt SFAS No. 123(R) in the first
quarter of 2006. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees
(“APB
No. 25”), and related Interpretations, and requires that all stock-based
compensation, including options, be expensed at fair value, as of the grant
date, over the vesting period. Companies are required to use an option pricing
model (e.g.: Black-Scholes or Binomial) to determine compensation expense,
consistent with the model previously used in the already required disclosures
of
SFAS No. 148, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure.
The
effect of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) on the Company’s financial position,
operations and cash flow is discussed below.
F-28
The
Company’s stock-based compensation plans are described above. Prior to January
1, 2006, the Company accounted for these plans under the recognition and
measurement principles of APB No. 25, under which stock-based employee
compensation cost was not reflected in net loss, as all options granted under
these plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying
common stock on the date of grant. In accordance with SFAS No. 123, as amended
by SFAS No. 148, the Company provided footnote disclosure of the pro forma
stock-based compensation cost, net loss and net loss per share as if the
fair-value based method of expense recognition and measurement prescribed by
SFAS No. 123 had been applied to all employee options.
The
table
below illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per share if the Company
had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 to options
granted under the Company’s stock option plans in the year ended December 31,
2005:.
Year
Ended
|
||||
December
31,
|
||||
2005
|
||||
Net
loss as reported
|
$
|
(18,489
|
)
|
|
Deduct:
|
||||
Total
compensation cost determined under fair value based method for all
awards,
net of $0 tax
|
(198
|
)
|
||
Pro
forma net loss
|
$
|
(18,687
|
)
|
|
Loss
per share
|
||||
Basic
and diluted - as reported
|
$
|
(0.96
|
)
|
|
Basic
and diluted - pro forma
|
$
|
(0.97
|
)
|
The
fair
value of each option grant was estimated on the date of the grant using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions: expected volatility of 81%, risk free rates ranging from 3.73%
to
3.75%, an expected life of four years, and a dividend yield of
zero.
As
a
result of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, C2’s net loss for the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 is $166 and $139, respectively, more
than
it would have been if the Company had continued to account for stock-based
compensation under APB No. 25. Basic and diluted net loss per share for the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was increased by $0.01 and $0.01,
respectively. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) had no effect on the Company’s
Statement of Cash Flows, as there were no exercises of stock options during
the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and therefore no stock option-related
cash flows were generated.
The
fair
value compensation cost of unvested stock options in 2007 and 2006 were
determined using historical Black-Scholes input information at grant dates
between 2003 and 2007. These inputs included expected volatility between 79%
and
98%, risk-free interest rates between 3.12% and 5.07%, expected terms of 4.75
years, and an expected dividend yield of zero.
As
of
December 31, 2007, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense
related to unvested stock options was $176, which is expected to be recognized
over 14 months, as compared to $328 and approximately 16 months as of December
31, 2006.
In
April
2007, 30,000 options were granted to the Company’s non-employee directors under
the terms of the 2003 Stock Option and Appreciation Rights Plan. No options
were
forfeited or exercised during the year ending December 31, 2007. However; 1,000
options under the 1997 Recruitment Stock Option Plan, and 149,582 executive
options awarded in 1997, expired during the year ending December 31,
2007.
As
of
December 31, 2007, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was
$0,
based on the Company’s closing stock price of $0.31 on December 31, 2007.
Intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock
exceeds the exercise price of the options. At December 31, 2007, all of the
outstanding options had exercise prices greater than $0.31.
F-29
The
following table presents information regarding unvested stock options
outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006:
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date
Fair
Value
|
|||||
Unvested
at December 31, 2006
|
596,625
|
$
|
0.63
|
||||
Granted
|
30,000
|
$
|
0.46
|
||||
Vested
|
(198,312
|
)
|
$
|
1.28
|
|||
Expired
|
(2,500
|
)
|
—
|
||||
Unvested
at December 31, 2007
|
425,813
|
$
|
0.51
|
|
Options
|
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date
Fair
Value
|
|||||
Unvested
at December 31, 2005
|
226,187
|
$
|
1.16
|
||||
Granted
|
455,000
|
$
|
0.50
|
||||
Vested
|
(84,562
|
)
|
$
|
1.35
|
|||
Expired
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Unvested
at December 31, 2006
|
596,625
|
$
|
0.63
|
The
total
fair value of shares vesting during the years ending December 31, 2007 and
2006
was $171 and $114, respectively.
The
following table summarizes information about fixed stock options outstanding
at
December 31, 2007:
Exercise
price
|
Options
Outstanding
|
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
(years)
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
Number
Exercisable
|
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
(years)
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|||||||||||||
$
0.51 to $ 1.39
|
670,000
|
4.98
|
$
|
0.86
|
245,000
|
4.34
|
$
|
0.93
|
|||||||||||
$
1.40 to $ 3.00
|
159,448
|
2.67
|
2.94
|
158,635
|
2.67
|
2.95
|
|||||||||||||
$
6.88 to $ 15.62
|
2,965
|
3.02
|
14.99
|
2,965
|
3.02
|
14.99
|
|||||||||||||
$48.76
to $ 71.26
|
138,555
|
1.60
|
58.16
|
138,555
|
1.60
|
58.16
|
|||||||||||||
$78.00
to $127.50
|
4,781
|
1.89
|
102.71
|
4,781
|
1.89
|
102.71
|
|||||||||||||
975,749
|
4.10
|
$
|
9.88
|
549,936
|
3.14
|
$
|
16.89
|
Note
17 - Subsequent Event
On
February 18 and 28, 2008, the Company settled its patent infringement litigation
against AT&T and Verizon, respectively, by entering into settlement and
license agreements.
F-30
Note
18 - Summarized Quarterly Data (unaudited)
Following
is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006.
March
31
|
|
June
30
|
|
September
30
|
|
December
31
|
||||||||||
Net
sales
|
2007
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
|||||||
2006
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||||||
Gross
profit
|
2007
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
|||||||
2006
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||||||
Operating
income (loss)
|
2007
|
$
|
(284
|
)
|
$
|
(319
|
)
|
$
|
(323
|
)
|
$
|
(310
|
)
|
|||
2006
|
$
|
(395
|
)
|
$
|
(356
|
)
|
$
|
(311
|
)
|
$
|
(239
|
)
|
||||
Net
income (loss) from continuing operations
|
2007
|
$
|
(625
|
)
|
$
|
(365
|
)
|
$
|
(372
|
)
|
$
|
723
|
||||
2006
|
$
|
(2,734
|
)
|
$
|
(3,452
|
)
|
$
|
(1,753
|
)
|
$
|
(4,107
|
)
|
||||
Net
income (loss)
|
2007
|
$
|
(627
|
)
|
$
|
(383
|
)
|
$
|
(375
|
)
|
$
|
740
|
||||
2006
|
$
|
958
|
$
|
(2,793
|
)
|
$
|
(1,756
|
)
|
$
|
(4,085
|
)
|
|||||
Basic
and diluted income (loss) from continuing operations per common
share
|
2007
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.01
|
)
|
$
|
(0.02
|
)
|
$
|
0.03
|
||||
2006
|
$
|
(0.14
|
)
|
$
|
(0.18
|
)
|
$
|
(0.09
|
)
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
||||
Basic
and diluted income (loss) per common share
|
2007
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
$
|
(0.01
|
)
|
$
|
(0.02
|
)
|
$
|
0.03
|
||||
2006
|
$
|
0.05
|
$
|
(0.14
|
)
|
$
|
(0.09
|
)
|
$
|
(0.22
|
)
|
F-31
C2
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE
OF VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Description
|
Balance
at
Beginning
of
Period
|
Charged
to
Costs
and
Expenses
|
Deductions
(a)
|
Other
|
Balance
at
End
of
Period
|
|||||||||||
Allowance
for doubtful accounts:
|
|
|||||||||||||||
December
31, 2005
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
6
|
||||||
December
31, 2006
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
6
|
||||||
December
31, 2007
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
6
|
(a) Deductions
represents allowance amounts written off as uncollectible and recoveries of
previously reserved amounts.
S-1