HOME BANCORP, INC. - Quarter Report: 2023 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2023


☐			Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-34190

HOME BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Louisiana			71-1051785
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
503 Kaliste Saloom Road, Lafayette, Louisiana			70508
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)			(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (337) 237-1960

Not Applicable

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	HBCP	NASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☒

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

At May 2, 2023, the registrant had 8,250,807 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.

HOME BANCORP, INC. and SUBSIDIARY

TABLE OF CONTENTS



PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)	Page
	Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition	1
	Consolidated Statements of Income	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	3
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management 's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	42
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	42
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	43
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	43
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	43
Item 5.	Other Information	43
Item 6.	Exhibits	44
SIGNATURES		45

HOME BANCORP, INC. and SUBSIDIARY

GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS

Below is a listing of certain acronyms, abbreviations and defined terms, among others, used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including in "Item 1. Financial Statements" and "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." The terms "we," "our" or "us" refer to Home Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.


ACL	–	Allowance for credit losses
ALL	–	Allowance for loan losses
AOCI	–	Accumulated other comprehensive income
ASC	–	Accounting Standards Codification
ASU	–	Accounting Standards Update
Bank	–	Home Bank, N. A., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
BOLI	–	Bank-owned life insurance
bps	–	basis points, 100 basis points being equal to 1.0%
C&D	–	Construction and land
C&I	–	Commercial and industrial
CARES Act	–	Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
CECL	–	Current expected credit losses
Company	–	Home Bancorp, Inc., a Louisiana corporation and the holding company for Home Bank, N. A.
COVID-19	–	The novel coronavirus
CRE	–	Commercial real estate
EPS	–	Earnings per common share
FASB	–	Financial Accounting Standards Board
FHLB	–	Federal Home Loan Bank
GAAP	–	Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
LTV	–	Loan-to-value
NPA(s)	–	Nonperforming asset(s)
OCI	–	Other comprehensive income
ORE	–	Other real estate
PCD	–	Purchased credit deteriorated

PPP	–	Paycheck Protection Program
SBA	–	U.S. Small Business Association
SEC	–	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
TDR	–	Troubled debt restructuring
TE	–	Taxable equivalent
U.S.	–	United States

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION


	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	107,171	$	87,401
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	349		349
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value	466,506		486,518
Investment securities held to maturity (fair values of $1,069 and $1,072, respectively)	1,070		1,075
Mortgage loans held for sale	473		98
Loans, net of unearned income	2,466,392		2,430,750
Allowance for loan losses	(30,118)		(29,299)
Total loans, net of unearned income and allowance for loan losses	2,436,274		2,401,451
Office properties and equipment, net	42,844		43,560
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance	46,528		46,276
Goodwill and core deposit intangibles	87,527		87,973
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	78,228		73,579
Total Assets	$	3,266,970	$	3,228,280
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	854,736	$	904,301
Interest-bearing	1,703,008		1,728,880
Total Deposits	2,557,744		2,633,181
Other borrowings	5,539		5,539
Subordinated debt, net of issuance cost	54,073		54,013
Short-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances	233,650		155,000
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances	43,077		21,213
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	27,787		29,380
Total Liabilities	2,921,870		2,898,326
Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value - 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value - 40,000,000 shares authorized; 8,284,130 and 8,286,084 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	83		83
Additional paid-in capital	165,470		164,942
Unallocated common stock held by:
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP)	(1,964)		(2,053)
Recognition and Retention Plan (RRP)	(5)		(7)
Retained earnings	215,290		206,296
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(33,774)		(39,307)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	345,100		329,954
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	3,266,970	$	3,228,280

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	2023		2022
Interest Income
Loans, including fees	$	34,498	$	22,671
Investment securities:
Taxable interest	2,998		1,542
Tax-exempt interest	144		76
Other investments and deposits	475		277
Total interest income	38,115		24,566
Interest Expense
Deposits	3,240		893
Other borrowings	53		53
Subordinated debt expense	851		—
Short-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances	2,259		—
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances	117		109
Total interest expense	6,520		1,055
Net interest income	31,595		23,511
Provision for loan losses	814		3,215
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	30,781		20,296
Noninterest Income
Service fees and charges	1,250		1,165
Bank card fees	1,787		1,454
Gain on sale of loans, net	57		299
Income from bank-owned life insurance	253		214
Loss on sale of securities, net	(249)		—
(Loss) gain on sale of assets, net	(17)		5
Other income	230		249
Total noninterest income	3,311		3,386
Noninterest Expense
Compensation and benefits	12,439		10,159
Occupancy	2,350		1,803
Marketing and advertising	307		407
Data processing and communication	2,321		2,195
Professional services	364		542
Forms, printing and supplies	187		146
Franchise and shares tax	541		391
Regulatory fees	539		446
Foreclosed assets and ORE, net	(739)		402
Amortization of acquisition intangible	446		252
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments	210		302
Other expenses	975		1,195
Total noninterest expense	19,940		18,240
Income before income tax expense	14,152		5,442
Income tax expense	2,832		1,041
Net Income	$	11,320	$	4,401
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	1.40	$	0.53
Diluted	$	1.39	$	0.53
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.25	$	0.23

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022
Net Income	$	11,320	$	4,401
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale investment securities	7,470		(19,853)
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges	(716)		1,867
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income	249		—
Tax effect	(1,470)		3,777
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	5,533		(14,209)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	16,853	$	(9,808)

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)


(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Common stock		Additional Paid-in capital		Unallocated Common Stock Held by ESOP		Unallocated Common Stock Held by RRP		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	85	$	164,982	$	(2,410)	$	(13)	$	188,515	$	744	$	351,903
Net income									4,401				4,401
Other comprehensive loss											(14,209)		(14,209)
Purchase of Company’s common stock at cost, 84,515 shares	(1)		(844)						(2,546)				(3,391)
Cash dividends declared, $0.23 per share									(1,962)				(1,962)
Common Stock issued under incentive plans, net of shares surrendered in payment, including tax benefit, 8,997 shares	1		160						(22)				139
Exercise of stock options	—		28										28
RRP shares released for allocation			(2)				2						—
ESOP shares released for allocation			337		89								426
Share-based compensation cost			169										169
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	85	$	164,830	$	(2,321)	$	(11)	$	188,386	$	(13,465)	$	337,504
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	83	$	164,942	$	(2,053)	$	(7)	$	206,296	$	(39,307)	$	329,954
Net income									11,320				11,320
Other comprehensive income											5,533		5,533
Purchase of Company’s common stock at cost, 10,199 shares	—		(102)						(233)				(335)
Cash dividends declared, $0.25 per share									(2,072)				(2,072)
Common Stock issued under incentive plans, net of shares surrendered in payment, including tax benefit, 4,029 shares	—		33						(21)				12
Exercise of stock options	—		85										85
RRP shares released for allocation			(2)				2						—
ESOP shares released for allocation			308		89								397
Share-based compensation cost			206										206
Balance, March 31, 2023	$	83	$	165,470	$	(1,964)	$	(5)	$	215,290	$	(33,774)	$	345,100

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	11,320	$	4,401
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	814		3,215
Depreciation	894		762
Amortization and accretion of purchase accounting valuations and intangibles	979		710

Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends	(55)		3
Net amortization of discount on investments	135		401
Amortization of subordinated debt issuance cost	60		—
Loss on sale of securities, net	249		—
Gain on loans sold, net	(57)		(299)
Proceeds, including principal payments, from loans held for sale	4,339		25,131
Originations of loans held for sale	(4,657)		(27,915)
Loss (gain) on sale of assets, net	17		(5)
Non-cash compensation	603		595
Deferred income tax benefit	(104)		(604)
Increase in accrued interest receivable and other assets	(2,179)		(6,102)
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance	(253)		(214)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities	(2,303)		1,448
Net cash provided by operating activities	9,802		1,527
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of securities available for sale	—		(87,259)
Proceeds from maturities, prepayments and calls on securities available for sale	13,590		12,796

Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale	13,762		—
Increase in loans, net	(36,305)		(805)

Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets	413		1,489
Purchases of office properties and equipment	(199)		(340)
Net cash disbursed in sale of banking center	—		(11,182)
Net cash disbursed in business combination	—		(16,122)


Proceeds from sale of office properties and equipment	4		28
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	(4,193)		—
Net cash used in investing activities	(12,928)		(101,395)
Cash flows from financing activities:
(Decrease) increase in deposits, net	(75,306)		52,010
Borrowings on Federal Home Loan Bank advances	6,261,375		—
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances	(6,160,863)		(380)

Proceeds from exercise of stock options	85		28
Issuance of stock under incentive plans, net	12		139
Dividends paid to shareholders	(2,072)		(1,962)
Purchase of Company’s common stock	(335)		(3,391)
Net cash provided by financing activities	22,896		46,444
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	19,770		(53,424)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning	87,401		601,443
Cash and cash equivalents, ending	$	107,171	$	548,019

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

HOME BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances to conform to the current period presentation. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire fiscal year. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties and could reflect materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Methodologies the Company uses when applying critical accounting policies and developing critical accounting estimates are included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

There have been no material changes from the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. In preparing its financial statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances to conform to the current period presentation.

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted in 2023

ASU 2022-01, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio Layer Method.” Under prior guidance, entities can apply the last-of-layer hedging method to hedge the exposure of a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets to fair value changes due to changes in interest rates for a portion of the portfolio that is not expected to be affected by prepayments, defaults, and other events affecting the timing and amount of cash flows. ASU 2022-01 expands the last-of-layer method, which permits only one hedge layer, to allow multiple hedged layers of a single closed portfolio. To reflect that expansion, the last-of-layer method is renamed the portfolio layer method. ASU 2022-01 also (i) expands the scope of the portfolio layer method to include non-prepayable financial assets, (ii) specifies eligible hedging instruments in a single-layer hedge, (iii) provides additional guidance on the accounting for and disclosure of hedge basis adjustments under the portfolio layer method and (iv) specifies how hedge basis adjustments should be considered when determining credit losses for the assets included in the closed portfolio. ASU 2022-01 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods after December, 15, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2022-01 did not impact our Consolidated Financial Statements.

ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.” ASU 2022-02 eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 310-40, Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, ASU 2022-02 requires entities to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of ASC Subtopic 3126-20, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Measured at Amortized Cost. ASU 2022-02 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods after December, 15, 2022. The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 on a prospective basis on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2022-02 did not have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Issued but Not Yet Adopted Accounting Standards

Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) ASU 2023-01, “Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements” (“ASU 2023-01”) clarifies the accounting for leasehold improvements associated with common control leases to public business entities. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2023-01 is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2023-02, “Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method” (“ASU 2023-02”) permits reporting entities to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2023-02 is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Investment Securities

The following tables summarize the Company’s available for sale and held to maturity investment securities at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


(dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
March 31, 2023
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	341,049	$	94	$	33,762	$	307,381
Collateralized mortgage obligations	88,800		1		3,914		84,887
Municipal bonds	56,426		8		7,878		48,556
U.S. government agency	20,301		—		979		19,322
Corporate bonds	6,980		—		620		6,360
Total available for sale	$	513,556	$	103	$	47,153	$	466,506
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	1,070	$	—	$	1	$	1,069
Total held to maturity	$	1,070	$	—	$	1	$	1,069


(dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
December 31, 2022
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	355,014	$	63	$	38,245	$	316,832
Collateralized mortgage obligations	91,217		1		4,873		86,345
Municipal bonds	67,476		50		9,901		57,625
U.S. government agency	20,600		—		1,267		19,333
Corporate bonds	6,980		—		597		6,383
Total available for sale	$	541,287	$	114	$	54,883	$	486,518
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	1,075	$	—	$	3	$	1,072
Total held to maturity	$	1,075	$	—	$	3	$	1,072

The estimated fair value and amortized cost by contractual maturity of the Company’s investment securities as of March 31, 2023 are shown in the following tables. Securities are classified according to their contractual maturities without consideration of principal amortization, potential prepayments or call options. The expected maturity of a security may differ from its contractual maturity because of prepayments or the exercise of call options. Accordingly, actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities. The Company’s investment securities portfolio had an effective duration of 4.5 years at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


(dollars in thousands)	One Year or Less		After One Year through Five Years		After Five Years through Ten Years		After Ten Years		Total
Fair Value
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	2,901	$	53,234	$	108,800	$	142,446	$	307,381
Collateralized mortgage obligations	—		59,551		4,937		20,399		84,887
Municipal bonds	2,194		1,737		19,889		24,736		48,556
U.S. government agency	—		6,039		12,961		322		19,322
Corporate bonds	—		—		6,360		—		6,360
Total available for sale	$	5,095	$	120,561	$	152,947	$	187,903	$	466,506
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	—	$	1,069	$	—	$	—	$	1,069
Total held to maturity	$	—	$	1,069	$	—	$	—	$	1,069

(dollars in thousands)	One Year or Less		After One Year through Five Years		After Five Years through Ten Years		After Ten Years		Total
Amortized Cost
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	2,958	$	56,901	$	118,859	$	162,331	$	341,049
Collateralized mortgage obligations	—		61,831		5,577		21,392		88,800
Municipal bonds	2,214		1,897		22,669		29,646		56,426
U.S. government agency	—		6,115		13,861		325		20,301
Corporate bonds	—		—		6,980		—		6,980
Total available for sale	$	5,172	$	126,744	$	167,946	$	213,694	$	513,556
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	—	$	1,070	$	—	$	—	$	1,070
Total held to maturity	$	—	$	1,070	$	—	$	—	$	1,070

Management evaluates securities for impairment from credit losses at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic and market conditions warrant such evaluations. Consideration is given to numerous factors including, but not limited to, the extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis; adverse conditions causing changes in the financial condition of the issuer of the security or underlying loan guarantors; changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency; and the Company’s intent to sell a security or whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost, which may extend to maturity.

The Company performs a process to determine whether the decline in the fair value of securities has resulted from credit losses or other factors. This process involves evaluating each security for impairment by monitoring credit performance, collateral type, collateral geography, bond credit support, loan-to-value ratios, credit scores, loss severity levels, pricing levels, downgrades by rating agencies, cash flow projections and other factors as indicators of potential credit issues. If this evaluation indicates the existence of credit losses, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis, an ACL is recorded, limited by the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost.

The Company's investment securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, are summarized in the following tables.


(dollars in thousands)	Less Than 1 Year				Over 1 Year				Total
March 31, 2023	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	98,538	$	4,908	$	206,144	$	28,854	$	304,682	$	33,762
Collateralized mortgage obligations	64,860		2,480		20,018		1,434		84,878		3,914
Municipal bonds	6,931		417		39,154		7,461		46,085		7,878
U.S. government agency	16,088		666		3,234		313		19,322		979
Corporate bonds	1,374		107		4,986		513		6,360		620
Total available for sale	$	187,791	$	8,578	$	273,536	$	38,575	$	461,327	$	47,153
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	534	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	534	$	1
Total held to maturity	$	534	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	534	$	1


(dollars in thousands)	Less Than 1 Year				Over 1 Year				Total
December 31, 2022	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Available for sale:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	184,896	$	14,828	$	129,248	$	23,417	$	314,144	$	38,245
Collateralized mortgage obligations	85,715		4,860		620		13		86,335		4,873
Municipal bonds	28,710		3,245		24,100		6,656		52,810		9,901
U.S. government agency	18,718		1,259		615		8		19,333		1,267
Corporate bonds	3,233		247		3,150		350		6,383		597
Total available for sale	$	321,272	$	24,439	$	157,733	$	30,444	$	479,005	$	54,883
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	1,072	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	1,072	$	3
Total held to maturity	$	1,072	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	1,072	$	3

At March 31, 2023, 310 of the Company’s debt securities had unrealized losses totaling 9.3% of the individual securities’ amortized cost basis and 9.2% of the Company’s total amortized cost basis of the investment securities portfolio. At such date, 145 of the 310 securities had been in a continuous loss position for over 12 months. Management has determined that the declines in the fair value of these securities were not attributable to credit losses. As a result, no ACL was recorded for available for sale investment securities at March 31, 2023.

At March 31, 2023, it was determined that no ACL was required for the Company's held-to-maturity investment securities. The Company monitors credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity through the use of credit ratings. The following tables present the amortized cost of the Company's held-to-maturity securities by credit quality rating at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	Credit Ratings
(dollars in thousands)	AAA/AA/A		BBB/BB/B		Total
March 31, 2023
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	1,070	$	—	$	1,070


	Credit Ratings
(dollars in thousands)	AAA/AA/A		BBB/BB/B		Total
December 31, 2022
Held to maturity:
Municipal bonds	$	1,075	$	—	$	1,075

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded gross gains of $98,000 and gross losses of $347,000 related to the sale of investment securities. There were no gross gains or gross losses related to the sale of investment securities for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Accrued interest receivable on the Company's investment securities was $1,389,000 and $1,798,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These amounts are recorded in accrued interest receivable and other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $146,500,000 and $170,036,000, respectively, of securities pledged to secure public deposits.

4. Earnings Per Share

Earnings per common share was computed based on the following:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2023		2022
Numerator:
Net income available to common shareholders	$	11,320	$	4,401
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	8,088		8,270
Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock	21		18
Stock options	28		49
Weighted average common shares outstanding – assuming dilution	8,137		8,337
Basic earnings per common share	$	1.40	$	0.53
Diluted earnings per common share	$	1.39	$	0.53

Options for 63,558 and 59,328 shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, because the effect of those shares was anti-dilutive.

5. Credit Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following briefly describes the distinction between originated and acquired loans and certain significant accounting policies.

Loans

Loans are reported at the principal balance outstanding net of unearned income and fair value discounts, if applicable. Interest on loans and the accretion of unearned income are computed in a manner that approximates a level yield on recorded principal. Interest on loans is recorded as income is earned. The accrual of interest is discontinued when it is probable the borrower will not be able to meet payment obligations as they become due. It is our policy, with certain limited exceptions, to discontinue accruing interest and reverse any interest accrued on any loan which is 90 days or more past due. Interest income is not accrued on these loans until the borrower’s financial condition and payment record demonstrate an ability to service the debt. If it is determined that all or part of a loan is uncollectible, the potion of the loan deemed uncollectible is charged to the allowance for credit losses.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses ("ACL") , which equals the sum of the ALL and the ACL on unfunded lending commitments, is established through provisions for credit losses. Management recalculates the ACL at least quarterly to reassess the estimate of credit losses for the total portfolio at the relevant reporting date. Under ASC Topic 326, the ACL is measured on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. For each pool of loans, management also evaluates and applies qualitative adjustments to the calculated ACL based on several factors, including, but not limited to, changes in current and expected future economic conditions, changes in industry experience and industry loan concentrations, changes in the volume and severity of nonperforming assets, changes in lending policies and personnel and changes in the competitive and regulatory environment of the banking industry. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are individually evaluated and are excluded from the pooled loan analysis.

The ACL policy described above is supplemented by periodic reviews and validations performed by independent loan reviewers. The results of the reviews are reported to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The establishment of the ACL is significantly affected by management judgment. There is likelihood that different amounts would be reported under different conditions or assumptions. Federal regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our ACL. Such agencies may require management to make additional provisions for estimated losses based upon judgments different from those of management.

We continue to monitor and modify our ACL as conditions warrant. No assurance can be given that our level of ACL will cover all of the losses on our loans or that future adjustments to the ACL will not be necessary if economic and other conditions differ substantially from the conditions used by management to determine the current level of the ACL.

The Company’s loans, net of unearned income, consisted of the following as of the dates indicated.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	405,638	$	389,616
Home equity loans and lines	64,107		61,863
Commercial real estate	1,162,367		1,152,537
Construction and land	318,622		313,175
Multi-family residential	102,604		100,588
Total real estate loans	2,053,338		2,017,779
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	379,119		377,894
Consumer	33,935		35,077
Total other loans	413,054		412,971
Total loans	$	2,466,392	$	2,430,750

The net discount on the Company’s acquired loans was $6,199,000 and $6,866,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. In addition, loan balances as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are reported net of unearned income of

$4,633,000 and $4,580,000, respectively. Unearned income at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 included PPP deferred lender fees of $84,000 and $94,000, respectively.

Accrued interest receivable on the Company's loans was $9,587,000 and $9,520,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is excluded from the estimate of the ACL. Those amounts are recorded in accrued interest receivable and other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL, which includes the ALL and the ACL on unfunded lending commitments, and recorded investment in loans as of the dates indicated are as follows.


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Collectively Evaluated		Individually Evaluated		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	3,356	$	—	$	3,356
Home equity loans and lines	753		—		753
Commercial real estate	13,344		450		13,794
Construction and land	4,921		—		4,921
Multi-family residential	608		—		608
Commercial and industrial	5,831		143		5,974
Consumer	712		—		712
Total allowance for loan losses	$	29,525	$	593	$	30,118

Unfunded lending commitments(1)	$	2,303	$	—	$	2,303
Total allowance for credit losses	$	31,828	$	593	$	32,421


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Collectively Evaluated		Individually Evaluated(2)		Total
Loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	405,610	$	28	$	405,638
Home equity loans and lines	64,107		—		64,107
Commercial real estate	1,158,077		4,290		1,162,367
Construction and land	318,622		—		318,622
Multi-family residential	102,604		—		102,604
Commercial and industrial	378,948		171		379,119
Consumer	33,935		—		33,935
Total loans	$	2,461,903	$	4,489	$	2,466,392


	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Collectively Evaluated		Individually Evaluated		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	2,883	$	—	$	2,883
Home equity loans and lines	624		—		624
Commercial real estate	13,264		550		13,814
Construction and land	4,680		—		4,680
Multi-family residential	572		—		572
Commercial and industrial	5,853		171		6,024
Consumer	702		—		702
Total allowance for loan losses	$	28,578	$	721	$	29,299

Unfunded lending commitments(1)	$	2,093	$	—	$	2,093
Total allowance for credit losses	$	30,671	$	721	$	31,392

	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Collectively Evaluated		Individually Evaluated(2)		Total
Loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	389,616	$	—	$	389,616
Home equity loans and lines	61,863		—		61,863
Commercial real estate	1,147,794		4,743		1,152,537
Construction and land	313,175		—		313,175
Multi-family residential	100,588		—		100,588
Commercial and industrial	377,690		204		377,894
Consumer	34,991		86		35,077
Total loans	$	2,425,717	$	5,033	$	2,430,750

(1)The ACL on unfunded lending commitments is recorded within accrued interest payable and other liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

(2)One PCD loan was individually evaluated at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

A summary of activity in the ACL for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 follows.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (Reversal)		Ending Balance
Allowance for credit losses:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	2,883	$	—	$	6	$	467	$	3,356
Home equity loans and lines	624		—		1		128		753
Commercial real estate	13,814		—		—		(20)		13,794
Construction and land	4,680		—		—		241		4,921
Multi-family residential	572		—		—		36		608
Commercial and industrial	6,024		(56)		81		(75)		5,974
Consumer	702		(37)		10		37		712
Total allowance for loan losses	$	29,299	$	(93)	$	98	$	814	$	30,118

Unfunded lending commitments	$	2,093	$	—	$	—	$	210	$	2,303
Total allowance for credit losses	$	31,392	$	(93)	$	98	$	1,024	$	32,421


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Allowance for Acquired PCD Loans (1)		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (Reversal)		Ending Balance
Allowance for credit losses:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	1,944	$	—	$	—	$	2	$	110	$	2,056
Home equity loans and lines	508		—		—		2		29		539
Commercial real estate	10,454		2,083		—		—		2,665		15,202
Construction and land	3,572		—		—		—		540		4,112
Multi-family residential	457		—		—		—		97		554
Commercial and industrial	3,520		195		(160)		386		(301)		3,640
Consumer	634		—		(156)		75		75		628
Total allowance for loan losses	$	21,089	$	2,278	$	(316)	$	465	$	3,215	$	26,731

Unfunded lending commitments	$	1,815	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	302	$	2,117
Total allowance for credit losses	$	22,904	$	2,278	$	(316)	$	465	$	3,517	$	28,848

(1)Allowance recorded for PCD loans in the Company's acquisition of Friendswood Capital Corporation at the acquisition date of March 26, 2022.

Credit Quality

The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio by credit quality classification and origination year as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	March 31, 2023
	Term Loans by Origination Year
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
One- to four-family first mortgage:
Pass	$	29,134	$	106,524	$	81,824	$	36,712	$	32,058	$	110,281	$	4,707	$	56	$	401,296
Special Mention	—		650		189		—		—		385		—		—		1,224
Substandard	—		172		54		362		162		2,368		—		—		3,118
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total one- to four-family first mortgages	$	29,134	$	107,346	$	82,067	$	37,074	$	32,220	$	113,034	$	4,707	$	56	$	405,638
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Home equity loans and lines:
Pass	$	1,014	$	1,953	$	1,272	$	765	$	1,063	$	3,736	$	53,474	$	799	$	64,076
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		31		—		—		31
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total home equity loans and lines	$	1,014	$	1,953	$	1,272	$	765	$	1,063	$	3,767	$	53,474	$	799	$	64,107
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate:
Pass	$	45,016	$	297,505	$	269,717	$	203,283	$	149,196	$	144,581	$	39,254	$	276	$	1,148,828
Special Mention	—		—		—		340		—		—		—		—		340
Substandard	—		18		174		74		5,542		7,119		272		—		13,199
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate loans	$	45,016	$	297,523	$	269,891	$	203,697	$	154,738	$	151,700	$	39,526	$	276	$	1,162,367
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Construction and land:
Pass	$	24,932	$	180,459	$	73,592	$	13,925	$	8,047	$	4,835	$	3,635	$	2,213	$	311,638
Special Mention	509		174		4,597		151		—		—		—		—		5,431


	March 31, 2023
	Term Loans by Origination Year
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Substandard	—		1,305		181		—		—		67		—		—		1,553
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction and land loans	$	25,441	$	181,938	$	78,370	$	14,076	$	8,047	$	4,902	$	3,635	$	2,213	$	318,622
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Multi-family residential:
Pass	$	5,155	$	34,572	$	12,231	$	25,367	$	12,938	$	4,650	$	1,488	$	2,820	$	99,221
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		3,383		—		—		3,383
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total multi-family residential loans	$	5,155	$	34,572	$	12,231	$	25,367	$	12,938	$	8,033	$	1,488	$	2,820	$	102,604
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial:
Pass	$	18,162	$	99,630	$	43,172	$	13,627	$	7,640	$	12,855	$	178,597	$	681	$	374,364
Special Mention	—		1,318		—		338		—		221		906		—		2,783
Substandard	1,569		—		—		42		—		3		358		—		1,972
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial and industrial loans	$	19,731	$	100,948	$	43,172	$	14,007	$	7,640	$	13,079	$	179,861	$	681	$	379,119
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7	$	—	$	49	$	—	$	56
Consumer:
Pass	$	1,399	$	8,807	$	1,756	$	1,300	$	485	$	12,342	$	7,555	$	28	$	33,672
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		9		11		—		—		243		—		—		263
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total consumer loans	$	1,399	$	8,816	$	1,767	$	1,300	$	485	$	12,585	$	7,555	$	28	$	33,935
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	6	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	30	$	—	$	37
Total loans:
Pass	$	124,812	$	729,450	$	483,564	$	294,979	$	211,427	$	293,280	$	288,710	$	6,873	$	2,433,095
Special Mention	509		2,142		4,786		829		—		606		906		—		9,778
Substandard	1,569		1,504		420		478		5,704		13,214		630		—		23,519
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total loans	$	126,890	$	733,096	$	488,770	$	296,286	$	217,131	$	307,100	$	290,246	$	6,873	$	2,466,392
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	6	$	1	$	—	$	7	—		79		—		$	93


	December 31, 2022
	Term Loans by Origination Year
(dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
One- to four-family first mortgage:
Pass	$	107,546	$	78,744	$	37,876	$	34,114	$	26,455	$	94,729	$	5,387	$	348	$	385,199
Special Mention	150		189		—		—		—		355		—		500		1,194
Substandard	272		56		368		145		372		2,010		—		—		3,223
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total one- to four-family first mortgages	$	107,968	$	78,989	$	38,244	$	34,259	$	26,827	$	97,094	$	5,387	$	848	$	389,616
Home equity loans and lines:
Pass	$	1,898	$	1,453	$	783	$	1,142	$	604	$	3,453	$	51,502	$	995	$	61,830
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		33		—		—		33
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total home equity loans and lines	$	1,898	$	1,453	$	783	$	1,142	$	604	$	3,486	$	51,502	$	995	$	61,863
Commercial real estate:
Pass	$	292,894	$	279,397	$	210,983	$	159,169	$	64,554	$	95,083	$	35,918	$	586	$	1,138,584
Special Mention	—		179		345		—		—		—		—		—		524
Substandard	97		—		167		5,579		294		7,292		—		—		13,429
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate loans	$	292,991	$	279,576	$	211,495	$	164,748	$	64,848	$	102,375	$	35,918	$	586	$	1,152,537
Construction and land:
Pass	$	170,744	$	101,321	$	19,620	$	8,912	$	2,534	$	2,716	$	4,434	$	1,727	$	312,008
Special Mention	—		520		—		—		—		—		—		—		520
Substandard	417		—		152		—		—		78		—		—		647
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total construction and land loans	$	171,161	$	101,841	$	19,772	$	8,912	$	2,534	$	2,794	$	4,434	$	1,727	$	313,175


	December 31, 2022
	Term Loans by Origination Year
(dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
Multi-family residential:
Pass	$	33,822	$	15,775	$	25,661	$	13,070	$	2,241	$	2,491	$	1,302	$	2,840	$	97,202
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		3,312		—		—		—		3,312
Substandard	—		—		—		—		74		—		—		—		74
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total multi-family residential loans	$	33,822	$	15,775	$	25,661	$	13,070	$	5,627	$	2,491	$	1,302	$	2,840	$	100,588
Commercial and industrial:
Pass	$	108,464	$	50,850	$	16,043	$	8,599	$	11,203	$	2,759	$	174,145	$	712	$	372,775
Special Mention	338		—		—		—		7		—		1,188		—		1,533
Substandard	590		—		2,317		8		—		293		328		50		3,586
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial and industrial loans	$	109,392	$	50,850	$	18,360	$	8,607	$	11,210	$	3,052	$	175,661	$	762	$	377,894
Consumer:
Pass	$	10,012	$	2,048	$	1,577	$	536	$	136	$	12,785	$	7,420	$	29	$	34,543
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	9		298		—		—		—		227		—		—		534
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total consumer loans	$	10,021	$	2,346	$	1,577	$	536	$	136	$	13,012	$	7,420	$	29	$	35,077
Total loans:
Pass	$	725,380	$	529,588	$	312,543	$	225,542	$	107,727	$	214,016	$	280,108	$	7,237	$	2,402,141
Special Mention	488		888		345		—		3,319		355		1,188		500		7,083
Substandard	1,385		354		3,004		5,732		740		9,933		328		50		21,526
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total loans	$	727,253	$	530,830	$	315,892	$	231,274	$	111,786	$	224,304	$	281,624	$	7,787	$	2,430,750

The above classifications follow regulatory guidelines and can generally be described as follows:

•Pass loans are of satisfactory quality.

•Special mention loans have an existing weakness that could cause future impairment, including the deterioration of financial ratios, past due status, questionable management capabilities and possible reduction in the collateral values.

•Substandard loans have an existing specific and well-defined weakness that may include poor liquidity and deterioration of financial performance. Such loans may be past due and related deposit accounts experiencing overdrafts. Immediate corrective action is necessary.

•Doubtful loans have specific weaknesses that are severe enough to make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.

In addition, residential loans are classified using an inter-agency regulatory methodology that incorporates, among other factors, the extent of delinquencies and loan-to-value ratios. These classifications were the most current available as of the dates indicated and were generally updated within the quarter.

Age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated are as follows.


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans
Originated loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	748	$	—	$	529	$	1,277	$	319,440	$	320,717
Home equity loans and lines	70		—		—		70		55,963		56,033
Commercial real estate	426		57		—		483		870,711		871,194
Construction and land	1,158		—		328		1,486		292,713		294,199
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		98,474		98,474
Total real estate loans	2,402		57		857		3,316		1,637,301		1,640,617
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	557		6		202		765		342,651		343,416
Consumer	121		—		183		304		30,546		30,850
Total other loans	678		6		385		1,069		373,197		374,266
Total originated loans	$	3,080	$	63	$	1,242	$	4,385	$	2,010,498	$	2,014,883
Acquired loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	630	$	54	$	685	$	1,369	$	83,552	$	84,921
Home equity loans and lines	21		—		1		22		8,052		8,074
Commercial real estate	62		—		567		629		290,544		291,173
Construction and land	—		—		35		35		24,388		24,423
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		4,130		4,130
Total real estate loans	713		54		1,288		2,055		410,666		412,721
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	—		32		—		32		35,671		35,703
Consumer	11		—		65		76		3,009		3,085
Total other loans	11		32		65		108		38,680		38,788
Total acquired loans	$	724	$	86	$	1,353	$	2,163	$	449,346	$	451,509
Total loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	1,378	$	54	$	1,214	$	2,646	$	402,992	$	405,638
Home equity loans and lines	91		—		1		92		64,015		64,107


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans
Commercial real estate	488		57		567		1,112		1,161,255		1,162,367
Construction and land	1,158		—		363		1,521		317,101		318,622
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		102,604		102,604
Total real estate loans	3,115		111		2,145		5,371		2,047,967		2,053,338
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	557		38		202		797		378,322		379,119
Consumer	132		—		248		380		33,555		33,935
Total other loans	689		38		450		1,177		411,877		413,054
Total loans	$	3,804	$	149	$	2,595	$	6,548	$	2,459,844	$	2,466,392


	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans
Originated loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	490	$	147	$	646	$	1,283	$	298,547	$	299,830
Home equity loans and lines	40		—		—		40		52,950		52,990
Commercial real estate	3,210		179		27		3,416		853,096		856,512
Construction and land	345		160		147		652		284,740		285,392
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		96,400		96,400
Total real estate loans	4,085		486		820		5,391		1,585,733		1,591,124
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	152		—		210		362		338,418		338,780
Consumer	264		7		191		462		31,059		31,521
Total other loans	416		7		401		824		369,477		370,301
Total originated loans	$	4,501	$	493	$	1,221	$	6,215	$	1,955,210	$	1,961,425
Acquired loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	1,591	$	136	$	519	$	2,246	$	87,540	$	89,786
Home equity loans and lines	116		—		1		117		8,756		8,873
Commercial real estate	294		—		566		860		295,165		296,025
Construction and land	—		—		132		132		27,651		27,783
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		4,188		4,188
Total real estate loans	2,001		136		1,218		3,355		423,300		426,655
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	—		225		38		263		38,851		39,114
Consumer	41		3		21		65		3,491		3,556
Total other loans	41		228		59		328		42,342		42,670
Total acquired loans	$	2,042	$	364	$	1,277	$	3,683	$	465,642	$	469,325
Total loans:
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	2,081	$	283	$	1,165	$	3,529	$	386,087	$	389,616


	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current Loans		Total Loans
Home equity loans and lines	156		—		1		157		61,706		61,863
Commercial real estate	3,504		179		593		4,276		1,148,261		1,152,537
Construction and land	345		160		279		784		312,391		313,175
Multi-family residential	—		—		—		—		100,588		100,588
Total real estate loans	6,086		622		2,038		8,746		2,009,033		2,017,779
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	152		225		248		625		377,269		377,894
Consumer	305		10		212		527		34,550		35,077
Total other loans	457		235		460		1,152		411,819		412,971
Total loans	$	6,543	$	857	$	2,498	$	9,898	$	2,420,852	$	2,430,750

There were $0 and $2,000 of loans greater than 90 days past due and accruing at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The following tables summarize information pertaining to nonaccrual loans as of dates indicated.


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)		With Related Allowance		Without Related Allowance		Total
Nonaccrual loans(1):
One- to four-family first mortgage		$	2,210	$	28	$	2,238
Home equity loans and lines		32		—		32
Commercial real estate		3,982		2,778		6,760
Construction and land		1,555		—		1,555
Multi-family residential		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		382		—		382
Consumer		265		—		265
Total		$	8,426	$	2,806	$	11,232

	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)		With Related Allowance		Without Related Allowance		Total
Nonaccrual loans(1):
One- to four-family first mortgage		$	2,300	$	—	$	2,300
Home equity loans and lines		34		—		34
Commercial real estate		4,031		2,914		6,945
Construction and land		315		—		315
Multi-family residential		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		365		13		378
Consumer		455		86		541
Total		$	7,500	$	3,013	$	10,513

(1)Nonaccrual acquired loans include PCD loans of $2,087,000 and $1,530,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual status is reversed against interest income. All payments received while on nonaccrual status are applied against the principal balance of nonaccrual loans. The Company does not recognize interest income while loans are on nonaccrual status.

Collateral Dependent Loans

The Company held loans that were individually evaluated for credit losses at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for which the repayment, on the basis of our assessment at the reporting date, is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The ACL for these collateral-dependent loans is primarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral at the reporting date. The following describes the types of collateral that secure collateral dependent loans:

•One- to four-family first mortgages are primarily secured by first liens on residential real estate.

•Home equity loans and lines are primarily secured by first and junior liens on residential real estate.

•Commercial real estate loans are primarily secured by office and industrial buildings, warehouses, retail shopping facilities and various special purpose properties, including hotels and restaurants.

•Construction and land loans are primarily secured by residential and commercial properties, which are under construction and/or redevelopment, and by raw land.

•Commercial and industrial loans considered collateral dependent are primarily secured by accounts receivable, inventory and equipment.

The tables below summarize collateral dependent loans and the related ACL at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Loans		ACL
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	28	$	—
Home equity loans and lines	—		—
Commercial real estate	4,290		450
Construction and land	—		—
Multi-family residential	—		—
Commercial and industrial	171		143
Consumer	—		—
Total	$	4,489	$	593

	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Loans		ACL
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	—	$	—
Home equity loans and lines	—		—
Commercial real estate	4,743		550
Construction and land	—		—
Multi-family residential	—		—
Commercial and industrial	204		171
Consumer	86		—
Total	$	5,033	$	721

Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing certain concessions, such as principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, interest only for a specified period of time, an interest rate reduction, or a combination of such concessions. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. Upon the Company's determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or portion of the loan) is charged-off. During the three months

ended March 31, 2023, there was no modifications of loans to borrowers who were experiencing financial difficulty. the Company did not provide any modifications under these circumstances to borrowers. Three loans were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and they did not default within twelve months of modification.

Foreclosed Assets and ORE

Foreclosed assets and ORE include real property and other assets that have been acquired as a result of foreclosure, and real property no longer used in the Bank's business. Foreclosed assets and ORE totaled $80,000 and $461,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These amounts are recorded in accrued interest receivable and other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The carrying amount of foreclosed residential real estate properties held at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 totaled $80,000 and $231,000, respectively. Loans secured by single family residential real estate that were in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 totaled $180,000 and $179,000, respectively.

6. Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

The Company is exposed to certain risk arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.

The Company’s existing credit derivatives result from loan participation arrangements, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities. The Company occasionally enters into credit risk participation agreements with counterparty banks to accept a portion of the credit risk related to interest rate swaps. The agreements, which are typically executed in conjunction with a participation in a loan with the same customer, allow customers to execute an interest rate swap with one bank while allowing for the distribution of the credit risk among participating members. Collateral used to support the credit risk for the underlying lending relationship is also available to offset the risk of credit risk participations and customer derivative positions.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. As part of its efforts to accomplish this objective, the Company entered into certain interest rate swap agreements as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable rate liabilities.

For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the same period(s) during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable rate liabilities. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that an additional $1,729,000 will be reclassified as additional interest income.

Non-designated Hedges

The Company’s existing credit derivatives result from participations in interest rate swaps provided by external lenders as part of loan participation arrangements, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service the Company provides to certain lenders which participate in loans. For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recognized in earnings immediately.

Fair Values of Derivative Instruments

The tables below present the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	March 31, 2023
	Derivative Assets(1)				Derivative Liabilities(1)
(dollars in thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps - variable rate liabilities	$	40,000	$	4,447	$	—	$	—

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Risk participation agreements	—		—		11,977		10

Netting adjustments			—				—


Net derivative amounts			$	4,447			$	10

	December 31, 2022
	Derivative Assets(1)				Derivative Liabilities(1)
(dollars in thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps - variable rate liabilities	$	40,000	$	5,144	$	—	$	—

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Risk participation agreements	—		—		12,036		9

Netting adjustments			—				—


Net derivative amounts			$	5,144			$	9

(1)Derivative assets and liabilities are reported at fair value in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accumulated unrealized gains, net of taxes, on derivative instruments totaled $3,395,000 and $3,961,000, respectively.

Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and the Consolidated Statements of Income

The tables below present the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and the Consolidated Statements of Income as of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Amount of Loss Recognized in OCI				Location of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income	Amount of Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income
(dollars in thousands)	Total		Included Component			Total		Included Component
Derivatives in cash flows hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps - variable rate liabilities	$	(295)	$	(295)	Interest income	$	421	$	421


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Amount of Gain Recognized in OCI				Location of Loss Reclassified from AOCI into Income	Amount of Loss Reclassified from AOCI into Income
(dollars in thousands)	Total		Included Component			Total		Included Component
Derivatives in cash flows hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps - variable rate liabilities	$	1,855	$	1,855	Interest expense	$	(12)	$	(12)

Effect of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income as of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.

(dollars in thousands)

Location of Loss Recognized on Non-designated Hedges

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

Effects of non-designated hedges

Risk participation agreements

Other noninterest expense

(1)

(dollars in thousands)

Location of Income Recognized on Non-designated Hedges

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Effects of non-designated hedges

Risk participation agreements

Other noninterest income

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision to the effect that, if the Company (either) defaults (or is capable of being declared in default) on any of its indebtedness, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations.

The Company has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision to the effect that, if the Company fails to maintain its status as a well or adequately capitalized institution, then the Company could be required to post additional collateral.

As of March 31, 2023, there were no derivatives with credit-risk-related contingent features in a net liability position. Such derivatives are measured at fair value, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk. If the Company had breached any provisions at March 31, 2023, it would not have been required to settle any obligations under the agreements since the termination value was $0.

7. Long Term Debt

On June 30, 2022, the Company issued $55,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes (the "Notes") due 2032. The Notes were issued at a price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount. The Notes have a stated maturity date of June 30, 2032 and bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.75% per year from and including the issue date to but excluding June 30, 2027. From June 30, 2027, the Notes will bear interest at a floating rate equal to the then current three-month term secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”), plus 282 basis points. The Notes may be redeemed by the Company, in whole or in part, on or after June 30, 2027. The Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

The carrying value of subordinated debt was $54,073,000 and $54,013,000 at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The subordinated debt was recorded net of issuance costs which is being amortized using the straight-line method over five years.

8. Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures

The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The Company groups assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value in three levels as required by ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. Under this guidance, fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to develop those assumptions and measure fair value. The hierarchy requires companies to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels used to measure fair value are as follows:

•Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

An asset’s or liability’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level that is significant to the fair value measurement. Management reviews and updates the fair value hierarchy classifications of the Company’s assets and liabilities quarterly.

Recurring Basis

Investment Securities Available for Sale

Fair values of investment securities available for sale are primarily measured using information from a third-party pricing service. This pricing service provides pricing information by utilizing pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities bids, offers and other reference data from market research publications. If quoted prices are available in an active market, investment securities are classified as Level 1 measurements. If quoted prices are not available in an active market, fair values are estimated primarily by the use of pricing models. Level 2 investment securities are primarily comprised of mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. In certain cases, where there is limited or less transparent information provided by the Company’s third-party pricing service, fair value is estimated by the use of secondary pricing services or through the use of non-binding third-party broker quotes. Investment securities are classified within Level 3 when little or no market activity supports the fair value.

Management primarily identifies investment securities which may have traded in illiquid or inactive markets, by identifying instances of a significant decrease in the volume and frequency of trades, relative to historical levels, as well as instances of a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets. Investment securities that are deemed to have been trading in illiquid or inactive markets may require the use of significant unobservable inputs. For example, management may use quoted prices for similar investment securities in the absence of a liquid and active market for the investment securities being valued. As of March 31, 2023, management did not make adjustments to prices provided by the third-party pricing service as a result of illiquid or inactive markets.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities

Derivative assets and liabilities are reported at fair value in accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments is obtained from a third-party pricing service that uses widely accepted valuation techniques

including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. The analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts (or payments) and the discounted expected variable cash payments (or receipts). The variable cash payments (or receipts) are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. The Company has determined that its derivative valuations are classified in Level 2 of the fair vale hierarchy.

The following tables present the balances of assets measured for fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Available for sale securities:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	307,381	$	—	$	307,381	$	—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	84,887		—		84,887		—
Municipal bonds	48,556		—		48,556		—
U.S. government agency	19,322		—		19,322		—
Corporate bonds	6,360		—		6,360		—
Total	$	466,506	$	—	$	466,506	$	—

Derivative assets	$	4,447	$	—	$	4,447	$	—
Total	$	470,953	$	—	$	470,953	$	—

Liabilities
Derivative liabilities	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—


(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2022		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Available for sale securities:
U.S. agency mortgage-backed	$	316,832	$	—	$	316,832	$	—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	86,345		—		86,345		—
Municipal bonds	57,625		—		57,625		—
U.S. government agency	19,333		—		19,333		—
Corporate bonds	6,383		—		6,383		—
Total	$	486,518	$	—	$	486,518	$	—

Derivative assets	$	5,144	$	—	$	5,144	$	—
Total	$	491,662	$	—	$	491,662	$	—

Liabilities
Derivative liabilities	$	9	$	—	$	9	$	—

Nonrecurring Basis

The Company records loans individually evaluated for credit losses at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value is measured at the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent loans. For non-collateral-dependent loans, fair value is measured by present valuing expected future cash flows. Loans individually evaluated are classified as Level 3 assets when measured using appraisals from third parties of the collateral less any prior liens and when there is no observable market price.

Foreclosed assets and ORE are also recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Foreclosed assets are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell. ORE is recorded at the lower of its net book value or fair value at the date of transfer to ORE. The fair value of foreclosed assets and ORE is based on property appraisals and an analysis of similar properties available. As such, the Company classifies foreclosed and ORE assets as Level 3 assets.

The Company has segregated all financial assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date as reflected in the table below.


			Fair Value Measurements Using
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Loans individually evaluated	$	3,896	$	—	$	—	$	3,896
Foreclosed assets and ORE	80		—		—		80
Total	$	3,976	$	—	$	—	$	3,976

			Fair Value Measurements Using
(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2022		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Loans individually evaluated	$	4,312	$	—	$	—	$	4,312
Foreclosed assets and ORE	461		—		—		461
Total	$	4,773	$	—	$	—	$	4,773

The following table shows significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 assets.

(dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Range of Discounts

Weighted Average Discount

March 31, 2023

Loans individually evaluated

3,896

Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows

Collateral values, market discounts and estimated costs to sell

0% - 83%

13%

Foreclosed assets and ORE

Third party appraisals, sales contracts, broker price opinions

Collateral values, market discounts and estimated costs to sell

6% - 31%

31%

(dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Range of
Discounts

Weighted Average Discount

December 31, 2022

Loans individually evaluated

4,312

Third party appraisals and discounted cash flows

Collateral values, market discounts and estimated costs to sell

0% - 89%

14%

Foreclosed assets and ORE

461

Third party appraisals, sales contracts, broker price opinions

Collateral values, market discounts and estimated costs to sell

6% - 31%

16%

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, requires the disclosure of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate. The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. ASC 820 excludes certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial statements. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

Fair value estimates included herein are based on existing on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the fair value of assets and liabilities that are not required to be recorded or disclosed at fair value like premises and equipment. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.

Methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate fair value are described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The fair value of subordinated debt is estimated based on current market rates on similar debt in the market. The Company classifies this debt in Level 2 of the fair value table. There have been no other material changes from the fair value estimate methods and assumptions previously disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The following table presents estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of the dates indicated.


			Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	107,171	$	107,171	$	107,171	$	—	$	—
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	349		349		349		—		—
Investment securities available for sale	466,506		466,506		—		466,506		—
Investment securities held to maturity	1,070		1,069		—		1,069		—
Mortgage loans held for sale	473		473		—		473		—
Loans, net	2,436,274		2,325,572		—		2,321,676		3,896
Cash surrender value of BOLI	46,528		46,528		46,528		—		—
Derivative assets(1)	4,447		4,447		—		4,447		—
Financial Liabilities
Deposits	$	2,557,744	$	2,548,197	$	2,185,832	$	362,365	$	—
Other borrowings	5,539		5,444		—		5,444		—
Subordinated debt, net of issuance cost	54,073		51,848		—		51,848		—
Short-term FHLB advances	233,650		233,650		233,650		—		—
Long-term FHLB advances	43,077		41,799		—		41,799		—
Derivative liabilities(1)	10		10		—		10		—


			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	87,401	$	87,401	$	87,401	$	—	$	—
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	349		349		349		—		—
Investment securities available for sale	486,518		486,518		—		486,518		—
Investment securities held to maturity	1,075		1,072		—		1,072		—
Mortgage loans held for sale	98		98		—		98		—
Loans, net	2,401,451		2,326,104		—		2,321,792		4,312
Cash surrender value of BOLI	46,276		46,276		46,276		—		—
Derivative assets(1)	5,144		5,144		—		5,144		—
Financial Liabilities
Deposits	$	2,633,181	$	2,620,577	$	2,297,736	$	322,841	$	—
Other borrowings	5,539		5,388		—		5,388		—
Subordinated debt, net of issuance cost	54,013		51,287		—		51,287		—
Short-term FHLB advances	155,000		155,000		155,000		—		—
Long-term FHLB advances	21,213		20,019		—		20,019		—
Derivative liabilities(1)	9		9		—		9		—


Item 2.			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to focus on significant changes in the financial condition of the Company and the Bank from December 31, 2022 through March 31, 2023 and on its results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. This discussion and analysis is intended to highlight and supplement information presented elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, particularly the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 1.

Forward-Looking Statements

To the extent that statements in this Form 10-Q relate to future plans, objectives, financial results or performance of the Company or Bank, these statements are deemed to be forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements, which are based on management’s current information, estimates and assumptions and the current economic environment, are generally identified by the use of words such as “plan”, “believe”, “expect”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project” or similar expressions, or by future or conditional terms such as “will”, “would”, “should”, “could”, “may”, “likely”, “probably”, or “possibly”. The Company’s or the Bank’s actual strategies and results in future periods may differ materially from those currently expected due to various risks and uncertainties. Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2022 and any subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or Current Report on Form 8-K, may cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements appearing in this discussion and analysis and may include factors such as, but not limited to, credit quality and risk, the COVID-19 pandemic, industry and technological changes, cyber incidents or other failures, disruptions or security breaches, interest rates, commercial and residential real estate values, economic and market conditions in the United States or internationally, fund availability, accounting estimates and risk management processes, the transition away from the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), legislative and regulatory changes, business strategy execution, key personnel, competition, mortgage markets, fraud, environmental liability and severe weather, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism or other external events. The Company undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date on which such statements were made.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

The Company reported net income for the first quarter of 2023 of $11.3 million, or $1.39 diluted EPS, up $6.9 million compared to the first quarter of 2022. Net income for the first quarter of 2022 totaled $4.4 million, or $0.53 diluted EPS. The first quarter of 2022 included merger expenses related to the acquisition of Friendswood Capital Corporation (“Friendswood”) on March 26, 2022 totaling $284,000, net of taxes.

Key components of the Company’s performance during the three months ended March 31, 2023 include:

•Assets increased $38.7 million, or 1.2%, from December 31, 2022 to $3.3 billion at March 31, 2023.

•Total loans were $2.5 billion at March 31, 2023, up $35.6 million, or 1.5%, from December 31, 2022.

•During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company provisioned $814,000 to the allowance for loan losses, primarily due to loan growth. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company provisioned $3.2 million to the allowance for loan losses primarily due to the acquisition of Friendswood's loan portfolio.

•The ALL totaled $30.1 million, or 1.22% of total loans, at March 31, 2023 compared to $29.3 million, or 1.21% of total loans, at December 31, 2022. The ACL, which is comprised of the allowance for loan losses plus the allowance for unfunded lending commitments, totaled $32.4 million, or 1.31% of total loans, at March 31, 2023 compared to $31.4 million, or 1.29% of total loans, at December 31, 2022.

•Nonperforming assets increased $336,000, or 3.1%, from $11.0 million, or 0.34% of total assets, at December 31, 2022 to $11.3 million, or 0.35% of total assets, at March 31, 2023. The increase in NPAs was primarily due to one credit relationship being downgraded to substandard.

•Total deposits decreased $75.4 million, or 2.9%, from $2.6 billion at December 31, 2022 to $2.6 billion at March 31, 2023.

•The net interest margin was 4.18% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, up 79 bps, from the three months ended March 31, 2022.

•The average rate paid on total interest-bearing deposits was 0.77% for the first quarter of 2023, which was up 57 bps from the first quarter of 2022.

•Total interest expense for the first quarter of 2023 was up $5.5 million, or 518.0%, compared to the first quarter of 2022 primarily due to the rising interest rate environment and the attendant higher costs on deposits, expense related to subordinated debt, and increase in short-term FHLB borrowings in the first quarter of 2023

•Noninterest income for the first quarter of 2023 was down $75,000, or 2.2%, compared to the first quarter of 2022, primarily due to a net loss on sale of securities totaling $249,000 during the first quarter of 2023, which was partially offset by an increase in bank card fees of $333,000.

•Noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2023 was up $1.7 million, or 9.3%, compared to the first quarter of 2022, primarily due to increases in expenses for compensation and benefits (up $2.3 million primarily to the growth of the Company's employee base due to the Friendswood acquisition) and occupancy (up $547,000, again primarily due to the growth of the Company with the Friendswood acquisition), which was partially offset by a decrease in foreclosed assets (down $1.1 million primarily due to the recovery of a previous loss on a OREO sale and less foreclosed asset expenses).

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Asset Quality

Loans

Total loans at March 31, 2023 were $2.5 billion, up $35.6 million, or 1.5%, from December 31, 2022. The loan growth resulted primarily from the additions of loans across all loan types with the exception of consumer loans. PPP loans, included in commercial and industrial loans, totaled $6.2 million at March 31, 2023, down $466,000, or 7.0%, from December 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Increase/(Decrease)
Real estate loans:
One-to four-family first mortgage	$	405,638	$	389,616	$	16,022	4.1	%
Home equity loans and lines	64,107		61,863		2,244		3.6
Commercial real estate	1,162,367		1,152,537		9,830		0.9
Construction and land	318,622		313,175		5,447		1.7
Multi-family residential	102,604		100,588		2,016		2.0
Total real estate loans	2,053,338		2,017,779		35,559		1.8	%
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	379,119		377,894		1,225		0.3
Consumer	33,935		35,077		(1,142)		(3.3)
Total other loans	413,054		412,971		83		—
Total loans	$	2,466,392	$	2,430,750	$	35,642	1.5	%

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL which equals the sum of the ALL and the ACL on unfunded lending commitments, is established through provisions for credit losses. Management recalculates the ACL at least quarterly to reassess the estimate of credit losses for the total portfolio at the relevant reporting date. Under ASC Topic 326, the ACL is measured on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. For each pool of loans, management also evaluates and applies qualitative adjustments to the calculated ACL based on several factors, including, but not limited to, changes in current and expected future economic conditions, changes in industry experience and industry loan concentrations, changes in the volume and severity of nonperforming assets, changes in lending policies and personnel and changes in the competitive and regulatory environment of the banking industry. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are individually evaluated and are excluded from the pooled loan analysis.

At March 31, 2023, the ALL totaled $30.1 million, or 1.22% of total loans, up $819,000 from $29.3 million, or 1.21% of total loans, at December 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company provisioned $814,000 of the allowance loan losses primarily due to loan growth. Net loan recoveries totaled $5,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Asset Quality

One of management’s key objectives has been, and continues to be, maintaining a high level of asset quality. In addition to maintaining credit standards for new loan originations, we proactively monitor loans and collection and workout processes of delinquent or problem loans. When a borrower fails to make a scheduled payment, we attempt to cure the deficiency by making personal contact with the borrower. Initial contacts are generally made within 10 days after the date payment is due. In most cases, deficiencies are promptly resolved. If the delinquency continues, late charges are assessed and additional efforts are made to collect the deficiency. All loans which are designated as “special mention,” classified or which are delinquent 90 days or more are reported to the Board of Directors of the Bank monthly. For loans where the collection of principal or interest payments is doubtful, the accrual of interest income ceases. It is our policy, with certain limited exceptions, to discontinue accruing interest and reverse any interest accrued on any loan which is 90 days or more past due. On occasion, this action may be taken earlier if the financial condition of the borrower raises significant concern with regard to their ability to service the

debt in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Interest income is not accrued on these loans until the borrower’s financial condition and payment record demonstrate an ability to service the debt.

Under our allowance policy, credit losses are measured on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are individually evaluated for credit losses and are excluded from the pooled loan analysis. At least quarterly, management evaluates the loan portfolio to determine which loans should be individually evaluated for credit losses. Management's evaluation involves an analysis of larger (i.e., loans with balances of $500,000 or greater) commercial real estate loans, multi-family residential loans, construction and land loans and commercial and industrial loans. Third party property valuations are obtained at the time of origination for real estate secured loans. When a determination is made that a loan has deteriorated to the point of becoming a problem loan, updated valuations may be ordered to determine if a short-fall exists, which may lead to a recommendation for partial charge off or appropriate allowance allocation. Property valuations are ordered through, and are reviewed by, an appraisal officer at the Bank. The Company typically orders an “as is” valuation for collateral property if a loan is in a criticized loan classification. Loans individually evaluated for credit losses are reported to the Board of Directors monthly.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans identified as impaired and individually evaluated for expected losses were $4.5 million and $5.0 million, respectively. The following tables provide a summary of loans individually evaluated for credit losses as of the dates indicated.


	March 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Recorded investment		Allowance for Loan Losses		Allowance to Total Loans
Loans Individually Evaluated
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	28	$	—	—	%
Home equity loans and lines	—		—		—
Commercial real estate	4,290		450		10.49
Construction and land	—		—		—
Multi-family residential	—		—		—
Commercial and industrial	171		143		83.63
Consumer	—		—		—
Total	$	4,489	$	593	13.21	%

	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Recorded investment		Allowance for Loan Losses		Allowance to Total Loans
Loans Individually Evaluated
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	—	$	—	—	%
Home equity loans and lines	—		—		—
Commercial real estate	4,743		550		11.60
Construction and land	—		—		—
Multi-family residential	—		—		—
Commercial and industrial	204		171		83.82
Consumer	86		—		—
Total	$	5,033	$	721	14.33	%

Federal regulations and our policies require that we utilize an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem assets. We have incorporated an internal asset classification system, substantially consistent with Federal banking regulations, as a part of our credit monitoring system. Federal banking regulations set forth a classification scheme for problem and potential problem assets as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss” assets. An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in

those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, “highly questionable and improbable.” Assets classified as “loss” are those considered “uncollectible” and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans classified as substandard totaled $23.5 million and $21.5 million, respectively. There were no assets classified as doubtful at either date. For additional information, refer to Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The $2.0 million, or 9.3%, increase in substandard loans at March 31, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022 was primarily due to one credit relationship being downgraded to substandard, partially offset by loan payoffs and improvements in other classified loans.

The following tables provide a summary of loans classified as special mention and substandard as of the dates indicated.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Increase/(Decrease)
Special Mention Loans
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	1,224	$	1,194	$	30	2.5	%
Home equity loans and lines	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate	340		524		(184)		(35.1)
Construction and land	5,431		520		4,911		944.4
Multi-family residential	—		3,312		(3,312)		(100.0)
Commercial and industrial	2,783		1,533		1,250		81.5
Consumer	—		—		—		—
Total special mention loans	$	9,778	$	7,083	$	2,695	38.0	%


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Increase/(Decrease)
Substandard Loans
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	3,118	$	3,223	$	(105)	(3.3)	%
Home equity loans and lines	31		33		(2)		(6.1)
Commercial real estate	13,199		13,429		(230)		(1.7)
Construction and land	1,553		647		906		140.0
Multi-family residential	3,383		74		3,309		4471.6
Commercial and industrial	1,972		3,586		(1,614)		(45.0)
Consumer	263		534		(271)		(50.7)
Total substandard loans	$	23,519	$	21,526	$	1,993	9.3	%

A bank’s determination as to the classification of its assets and the amount of its valuation allowances is subject to review by Federal bank regulators which can order the establishment of additional general or specific loss allowances. The Federal banking agencies have adopted an interagency policy statement on the allowance for loan and lease losses. The policy statement provides guidance for financial institutions on both the responsibilities of management for the assessment and establishment of allowances and guidance for banking agency examiners to use in determining the adequacy of general valuation guidelines. Generally, the policy statement recommends that institutions have effective systems and controls to identify, monitor and address asset quality problems; that management analyze all significant factors that affect the collectability of the portfolio in a reasonable manner; and that management establish acceptable allowance evaluation processes that meet the objectives set forth in the policy statement. Due to the adoption of ASC Topic 326 on January 1, 2020, management maintains, based on current and forecasted information, an ACL that reflects a current estimate of expected credit losses for the estimated life of the loan portfolio at reporting periods subsequent to the adoption date. For all reporting periods, actual losses are uncertain and dependent upon future events and, as such, further additions to the level of ACL may become necessary.

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s nonperforming assets and performing troubled debt restructurings as of the dates indicated.


	March 31, 2023							December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Originated		Acquired(1)		Total			Originated		Acquired(1)		Total
Nonaccrual loans(2):
Real estate loans:
One- to four-family first mortgage	$	614	$	1,624	$	2,238		$	711	$	1,589	$	2,300
Home equity loans and lines	—		32		32			—		34		34
Commercial real estate	3,044		3,716		6,760			3,039		3,906		6,945
Construction and land	1,486		69		1,555			147		168		315
Multi-family residential	—		—		—			—		—		—
Other loans:
Commercial and industrial	216		166		382			224		154		378
Consumer	186		79		265			215		326		541
Total nonaccrual loans	5,546		5,686		11,232			4,336		6,177		10,513
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due	—		—		—			2		—		2
Total nonperforming loans	5,546		5,686		11,232			4,338		6,177		10,515
Foreclosed assets and ORE	—		80		80			151		310		461
Total nonperforming assets	5,546		5,766		11,312			4,489		6,487		10,976
Performing troubled debt restructurings(2)	—		—		—			4,600		1,605		6,205
Total nonperforming assets and troubled debt restructurings	$	5,546	$	5,766	$	11,312		$	9,089	$	8,092	$	17,181

Nonperforming loans to total loans					0.46		%					0.43		%
Nonperforming loans to total assets					0.34		%					0.33		%
Nonperforming assets to total assets					0.35		%					0.34		%

(1)Nonaccrual acquired loans include PCD loans of $2.1 million for the periods ending March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(2)Nonaccrual loans include originated restructured loans placed on nonaccrual totaling $3.1 million at December 31, 2022. Acquired restructured loans placed on nonaccrual totaled $3.7 million at December 31, 2022. With the adoption of ASU 2022-02, effective January 1, 2023, TDR accounting has been eliminated.

Foreclosed assets and ORE includes real property and other assets that have been acquired as a result of foreclosure, and real property no longer used in the Bank's business. Foreclosed assets and ORE are classified as such until sold or disposed. Foreclosed assets are recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs based on third party property valuations which are obtained at the time the asset is repossessed and periodically until the property is liquidated. ORE is recorded at the lower of its net book value or fair value at the date of transfer to ORE. Foreclosed assets and ORE holding costs are charged to expense. Gains and losses on the sale of foreclosed assets and ORE are charged to operations, as incurred. Costs associated with acquiring and improving a foreclosed property or ORE are capitalized to the extent that the carrying value does not exceed fair value less estimated selling costs.

Investment Securities

The Company’s investment securities portfolio totaled $467.6 million as of March 31, 2023, a decrease of $20.0 million, or 4.1%, from December 31, 2022. During the first quarter 2023, the Company recorded a net loss of $249,000 related to the sale of available-for-sale investment securities totaling $14.0 million of securities. At March 31, 2023, the Company had a net unrealized loss on its available for sale investment securities portfolio of $47.1 million, compared to a net unrealized loss of $54.8 million at December 31, 2022. The Company’s investment securities portfolio had an effective duration of 4.5 years at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes activity in the Company’s investment securities portfolio during the three months ended March 31, 2023.


(dollars in thousands)	Available for Sale		Held to Maturity
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	486,518	$	1,075
Purchases	—		—
Sales	(14,011)		—
Principal maturities, prepayments and calls	(13,590)		—
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts	(130)		(5)
Increase in market value	7,470		—
Balance, March 31, 2023	$	466,506	$	1,070

Funding Sources

Deposits

Deposits totaled $2.6 billion at March 31, 2023, a decrease of $75.4 million, or 2.9%, compared to December 31, 2022. The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s deposits from December 31, 2022 to March 31, 2023.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Increase/(Decrease)
Demand deposit	$	854,736	$	904,301	$	(49,565)	(5.5)	%
Savings	288,788		305,871		(17,083)		(5.6)
Money market	384,809		423,990		(39,181)		(9.2)
NOW	657,499		663,574		(6,075)		(0.9)
Certificates of deposit	371,912		335,445		36,467		10.9
Total deposits	$	2,557,744	$	2,633,181	$	(75,437)	(2.9)	%

The average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits was 0.77% for the first quarter of 2023, up 57 bps compared to the first quarter of 2022. At March 31, 2023, certificates of deposit maturing within the next 12 months totaled $305.1 million.

We obtain most of our deposits from individuals, small businesses and public funds in our market areas. The following table presents our deposits per customer type for the periods indicated.


	March 31, 2023	December 31, 2022
Individuals	51%	51%
Small businesses	39	40
Public funds	8	7
Broker	2	2
Total	100%	100%

The total amounts of our uninsured deposits (deposits in excess of $250,000, as calculated in accordance with FDIC regulations) were $778.0 million at March 31, 2023 and $830.9 million at December 31, 2022. Public funds in excess of the FDIC insurance limits are fully collateralized.

Subordinated Debt

On June 30, 2022, The Company issued $55.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2032. The Notes were issued at a price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount. The Notes have a stated maturity date of June 30, 2032 and bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.75% per year from and including the issue date to but excluding June 30, 2027. From June 30, 2027, the Notes will bear interest at a floating rate equal to the then current three-month term secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”), plus 282 basis points. The Notes may be redeemed by the

Company, in whole or in part, on or after June 30, 2027. The Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes.

The carrying value of subordinated debt was $54.1 million and $54.0 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The subordinated debt was recorded net of issuance costs and amortized using the straight-line method over five years.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances

The average balance of total FHLB advances was $215.5 million for the first quarter of 2023, up $189.7 million compared to the first quarter of 2022.

The Company had $233.7 million short-term FHLB advances as of March 31, 2023 compared to $155.0 million as of December 31, 2022. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $43.1 million and $21.2 million in long-term FHLB advances, respectively, and $913.9 million and $937.4 million in additional FHLB advances available, respectively.

Shareholders’ Equity

Total shareholders’ equity increased $15.1 million, or 4.6%, from $330.0 million at December 31, 2022 to $345.1 million at March 31, 2023. Shareholders' equity increased primarily due to net income of $11.3 million and a $5.5 million reduction in accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

At March 31, 2023, the Bank had regulatory capital amounts that were well in excess of regulatory requirements. The following table presents actual and required capital ratios for the Bank under the Basel III Capital Rules. The minimum required capital amounts presented include the minimum required capital levels as of March 31, 2023 based on the required capital levels as of January 1, 2019 when the Basel III Capital Rules were fully phased-in. Capital levels required to be considered well capitalized are based upon prompt corrective action regulations, as amended to reflect the changes under the Basel III Capital Rules.


	Actual				Minimum Capital Required – Basel III Fully Phased-In				To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
(dollars in thousands)	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Company:
Tier 1 risk-based capital	291,347		11.11		222,878		8.50		N/A		N/A
Total risk-based capital	377,391		14.39		275,320		10.50		N/A		N/A
Tier 1 leverage capital	291,347		9.30		125,293		4.00		N/A		N/A

Bank:
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	333,949	12.77	%	$	183,022	7.00	%	$	169,949	6.50	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital	333,949		12.77		222,240		8.50		209,167		8.00
Total risk-based capital	365,920		14.00		274,532		10.50		261,459		10.00
Tier 1 leverage capital	333,949		10.69		125,003		4.00		156,254		5.00

LIQUIDITY AND ASSET/LIABILITY MANAGEMENT

Liquidity Management

Liquidity management encompasses our ability to ensure that funds are available to meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers, while also ensuring adequate cash flow exists to meet the Company’s needs, including operating, strategic and capital. The Company develops its liquidity management strategies as part of its overall asset/liability management process. Our primary sources of funds are from deposits, amortization of loans, loan prepayments and the maturity of loans, investment securities and other investments, and other funds provided from operations. While scheduled payments from the amortization of loans and investment securities and maturing investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments can be greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. The Company also maintains excess funds in short-term, interest-bearing assets that provide additional liquidity.

The Company uses its liquidity to fund existing and future loan commitments, to fund maturing certificates of deposit and demand deposit withdrawals, to invest in other interest-earning assets and to meet operating expenses. At March 31, 2023, certificates of deposit maturing within the next 12 months totaled $305.1 million. Based upon historical experience, the Company anticipates that a significant portion of the maturing certificates of deposit will be redeposited with us.

In addition to cash flow from loan and securities payments and prepayments as well as from sales of securities available for sale, the Company has significant borrowing capacity available to fund liquidity needs. In recent years, the Company has utilized borrowings as a cost efficient addition to deposits as a source of funds. Borrowings consist of advances from the FHLB of Dallas, of which the Company is a member. Under terms of the collateral agreement with the FHLB, the Company pledges residential mortgage loans and investment securities as well as the Company’s stock in the FHLB as collateral for such advances. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the average balance of outstanding FHLB advances was $215.5 million. At March 31, 2023, the Company had $276.7 million in total outstanding FHLB advances.

The following table summarizes the Company's primary and secondary sources of liquidity which were available at March 31, 2023.


(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	107,171
Unpledged investment securities, amortized cost(1)	352,077
FHLB advance availability(1)	913,921
Amounts available from unsecured lines of credit	55,000
Federal Reserve discount window availability(1)	500
Total primary and secondary sources of available liquidity	$	1,428,669

(1) Approximately $148.2 million of securities were moved in April 2023 from Federal Home Loan Bank to the Federal Reserve for future discount window availability at the Federal Reserve.

Asset/Liability Management

The objective of asset/liability management is to implement strategies for the funding and deployment of the Company’s financial resources that are expected to maximize soundness and profitability over time at acceptable levels of risk. Interest rate sensitivity is the potential impact of changing rate environments on both net interest income and cash flows. The Company measures its interest rate sensitivity over the near term primarily by running net interest income simulations. Our interest rate sensitivity also is monitored by management through the use of a model which generates estimates of the change in its net interest income over a range of interest rate scenarios. Based on the Company’s interest rate risk model, the table below sets forth the results of immediate and sustained changes in interest rates as of March 31, 2023.


Shift in Interest Rates (in bps)						% Change in Projected Net Interest Income
+300						3.3%
+200						2.3%
+100						1.2%
-100						(1.9)%

The actual impact of changes in interest rates will depend on many factors. These factors include the Company’s ability to achieve expected growth in earning assets and maintain a desired mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the actual timing of asset and liability repricing, the magnitude of interest rate changes and corresponding movement in interest rate spreads and the level of success of asset/liability management strategies.

During the second quarter of 2020, the Company entered into certain interest rate swap agreements as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. During 2023 and 2022, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cost associated with existing variable rate liabilities. Refer to Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the effects of the derivative financial instruments on the consolidated financial statements.

To meet the financing needs of its customers, the Company issues financial instruments which represent conditional obligations that are not recognized, wholly or in part, in the statements of financial condition. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such instruments expose the Company to varying degrees of credit and interest rate risk in much the same way as funded loans. The same credit policies are used in these commitments as for on-balance sheet instruments. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company's allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments totaled $2.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes our outstanding commitments to originate loans and to advance additional amounts pursuant to outstanding letters of credit, lines of credit and undisbursed construction loans as of the periods indicated.


	Contract Amount
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Standby letters of credit	$	6,721	$	6,969
Available portion of lines of credit	351,751		367,167
Undisbursed portion of loans in process	185,784		194,182
Commitments to originate loans	191,414		164,682

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to be drawn upon, the total commitment amounts generally represent future cash requirements.

Unfunded commitments under commercial lines of credit, revolving credit lines and overdraft protection agreements are commitments for possible future extensions of credit to existing customers. These lines of credit usually do not contain a specified maturity date and may not be drawn upon to the total extent to which the Company is committed.

The Company is subject to certain claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net income for the first quarter of 2023 was $11.3 million, up $6.9 million compared to the first quarter of 2022. Diluted EPS for the first quarter of 2023 was $1.39, up $0.86 compared to the first quarter of 2022. The increase in net income for the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to an increase in net interest income along with a significant decrease in the provision for loan losses. The first quarter of 2022 includes merger expenses totaling $284,000, net of taxes, related to the acquisition of Friendswood.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company provisioned $814,000 to the allowance for loan losses primarily due to loan growth. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company provisioned $3.2 million to the allowance for loan losses primarily due to the acquisition of Friendswood's loan portfolio. The Company recognized $10,000 of deferred PPP lender fees during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $721,000 during the comparable period in 2022.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between the interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investment securities, and the interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. The Company’s net interest income is largely determined by our net interest spread, which is the difference between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company’s tax-equivalent net interest spread was 3.72% and 3.30% for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Net interest income totaled $31.6 million for the first quarter of 2023, up $8.1 million, or 34.4%, compared to the first quarter of 2022.

Loan income from deferred PPP lender fees totaled $10,000 for the first quarter of 2023, down $711,000, or 98.6%, compared to the first quarter of 2022. Unrecognized PPP lender fees totaled $84,000 at March 31, 2023.

The Company’s tax-equivalent net interest margin, which is net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets, was 4.18% and 3.39% for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the same periods, the average loan yield was 5.67% and 4.88%, respectively.

Average PPP loans were $6.4 million and $31.3 million for the first quarters of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Acquired loan discount accretion included in interest income totaled $668,000 and $457,000 for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, information regarding (i) the total dollar amount of interest income of the Company from interest-earning assets and the resultant average yields; (ii) the total dollar amount of interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities and the resultant average rate; (iii) net interest income; (iv) net interest spread; and (v) net interest margin. Information is based on average monthly balances during the indicated periods. Taxable equivalent yields are calculated using a marginal tax rate of 21%.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023						2022
(dollars in thousands)	Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable(1)	$	2,437,770	$	34,498	5.67	%	$	1,862,616	$	22,671	4.88	%
Investment securities
Taxable	507,952		2,998		2.36		341,792		1,542		1.80
Tax-exempt (TE)	27,243		144		2.67		17,944		76		2.13
Total investment securities	535,195		3,142		2.38		359,736		1,618		1.82
Other interest-earning assets	53,456		475		3.60		561,262		277		0.20
Total interest-earning assets (TE)	3,026,421		$	38,115	5.05		2,783,614		$	24,566	3.54
Noninterest-earning assets	193,435						193,945
Total assets	$	3,219,856					$	2,977,559
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Savings, checking and money market	$	1,349,185	$	2,048	0.62	%	$	1,461,966	$	530	0.15	%
Certificates of deposit	349,683		1,192		1.38		317,866		363		0.46
Total interest-bearing deposits	1,698,868		3,240		0.77		1,779,832		893		0.20
Other borrowings	5,539		53		3.89		5,539		53		3.89
Subordinated debt	54,041		851		6.30		—		—		—
Short-term FHLB advances	191,734		2,259		4.71		—		—		—
Long term FHLB advances	23,744		117		1.97		25,795		109		1.70
Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,973,926		$	6,520	1.33		1,811,166		$	1,055	0.24
Noninterest-bearing liabilities	906,619						815,056
Total liabilities	2,880,545						2,626,222
Shareholders’ equity	339,311						351,337
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	3,219,856					$	2,977,559
Net interest-earning assets	$	1,052,495					$	972,448
Net interest spread (TE)			$	31,595	3.72	%			$	23,511	3.30	%
Net interest margin (TE)					4.18	%					3.39	%

(1)Nonperforming loans are included in the respective average loan balances, net of deferred fees, discounts and loans in process.

The following table displays the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The table distinguishes between (i) changes attributable to volume (changes in average volume between periods times prior year rate), (ii) changes attributable to rate (changes in average rate between periods times prior year volume) and (iii) total increase (decrease).


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023 Compared to 2022
	Change Attributable To
(dollars in thousands)	Rate		Volume		Increase/ (Decrease)
Interest income:
Loans receivable	$	4,151	$	7,676	$	11,827
Investment securities	612		912		1,524
Other interest-earning assets	2,578		(2,380)		198
Total interest income	7,341		6,208		13,549
Interest expense:
Savings, checking and money market accounts	1,606		(88)		1,518
Certificates of deposit	757		72		829
Other borrowings	—		—		—
Subordinated debt	—		851		851
FHLB advances	1,147		1,120		2,267
Total interest expense	3,510		1,955		5,465
Increase in net interest income	$	3,831	$	4,253	$	8,084

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income for the first quarter of 2023 totaled $3.3 million, down $75,000, or 2.2%, from $3.4 million earned for the same period in 2022.

Gains on the sale of loans for the first quarter of 2023 were down $242,000, or 80.9%, from the comparable period in 2022.

The net loss on the sale of assets totaled $17,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the net gain on the sale of assets in the amount of $5,000 for three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company recorded a net loss of $249,000 related to the sale of investment securities during the first quarter of 2023. There were no gross gains or gross losses related to the sale of investment securities for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Income from bank card fees for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was up $333,000, or 22.9% from the comparable period in 2022 primarily due to increased transaction activity by our cardholders.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2023 totaled $19.9 million, up $1.7 million, or 9.3%, from the first quarter of 2022. Noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2022 includes merger-related expenses totaling $328,000 (pre-tax).

Compensation and benefits expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was up $2.3 million, or 22.4%, from the comparable period in 2022 primarily due to the growth of the Company's employee base as a result of the Friendswood acquisition.

Occupancy expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was up $547,000, or 30.3%, from the comparable period in 2022 primarily as a result of the expansion of the Company's branch office network due to the Friendswood acquisition.

Foreclosed assets expense for the three ended March 31, 2023 was down $1.1 million, or 283.8%, from the comparable period in 2022 primarily due to a recovery of a previous loss and less foreclosed assets expenses.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 totaled $2.8 million compared to $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in income tax expense over the comparable periods was primarily due to increased taxable earnings. The Company's effective tax rates for the first quarters of 2023 and 2022 were 20.0% and 19.1%, respectively.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

SEC guidance requires disclosure of “critical accounting estimates.” The SEC defines “critical accounting estimates” as those estimates made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the registrant.

We follow financial accounting and reporting policies that are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Our accounting policies are discussed in detail in Note 1 - Basis of Presentation in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report and in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Not all significant accounting policies require management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments. However, management believes the policy noted below meets the SEC’s definition of a critical accounting policy.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Management considers the policies related to the allowance for credit losses as the most critical to the financial statement presentation. The total allowance for credit losses includes activity related to allowances calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 326, Credit Losses. The allowance for credit losses is established through a provision for credit losses charged to current earnings. The amount maintained in the allowance reflects management’s continuing evaluation of the credit losses expected to be recognized over the life of the loans in our portfolio. The allowance for credit losses on loans is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. For purposes of determining the allowance for credit losses, the loan portfolio is segregated by product types in order to recognize differing risk profiles among categories. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are not included in the collective evaluation. Management estimates the allowance balance using relevant available information from internal and external sources relating to past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Adjustments to historical loss information are made to incorporate our reasonable and supportable forecast of future losses at the portfolio segment level, as well as any necessary qualitative adjustments, including, but not limited to, changes in current and expected future economic conditions, changes in industry experience and industry loan concentrations, changes in the volume and severity of nonperforming assets, changes in lending policies and personnel and changes in the competitive and regulatory environment of the banking industry. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are individually evaluated and are excluded from the pooled loan analysis.


Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2022, under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Asset/Liability Management and Market Risk”. Additional information at March 31, 2023 is included herein under Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Asset/Liability Management”.


Item 4.			Controls and Procedures.

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and are operating in an effective manner.

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the first quarter of 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1.			Legal Proceedings.

Not applicable.


Item 1A.			Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


Item 2.			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and the Use of Proceeds.

The Company’s purchases of its common stock made during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 consisted of stock repurchases under the Company’s approved plans and are set forth in the following table.


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs(1)
January 1 – January 31, 2023	—	$	—	—	195,718
February 1 – February 28, 2023	—	—		—	195,718
March 1 – March 31, 2023	10,199	32.81		10,199	185,519
Total	10,199	$	32.81	10,199	185,519

(1)On October 26, 2021, the Company announced the approval of a new repurchase program (the “2021 Repurchase Plan”). Under the 2021 Repurchase Plan, the Company may purchase up to an additional 430,000 shares, or approximately 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.


Item 3.			Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.


Item 4.			Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.


Item 5.			Other Information.

None.


Item 6.			Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

No.

Description

Location

4.1

Indenture, dated June 30, 2022, by and between Home Bancorp, Inc. and UMB Bank, National Association, as trustee.

(incorporated by reference from the like-numbered exhibit included in Home Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated as of June 30, 2022 and filed July 1, 2022 (SEC File No. 001-34190))

31.1

Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer

Filed herewith

31.2

Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer

Filed herewith

32.0

Section 1350 Certification

Filed herewith

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

HOME BANCORP, INC.

May 5, 2023

By:

/s/ John W. Bordelon

John W. Bordelon

Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer

May 5, 2023

By:

/s/ David T. Kirkley

David T. Kirkley

Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

May 5, 2023

By:

/s/ Mary H. Hopkins

Mary H. Hopkins

Home Bank, N. A. Senior Vice President and Director of Financial Management