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Home Point Capital Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from  ______________  to ______________
Commission File Number: 001-39964
Home Point Capital Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware90-1116426
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2211 Old Earhart Road, Suite 250
Ann Arbor, Michigan
48105
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(888) 616-6866
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which
registered
Common Stock, par value
$0.0000000072 per share
HMPT
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
(The Nasdaq Global Select Market)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No
As of May 10, 2022, the registrant had 138,311,875 shares of common stock, par value $0.0000000072 per share, outstanding.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

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Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) contains certain “forward-looking statements,” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements relating to our future financial performance, our business prospects and strategy, anticipated financial position, liquidity and capital needs, the industry in which we operate and other similar matters. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “could,” “would,” “will,” “may,” “can,” “continue,” “potential,” “should” and the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology often identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, are based upon assumptions, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements, including the risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed on March 17, 2022 (our “2021 Annual Report”). Factors, risks, and uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those contemplated include, among others:
the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business;
our reliance on our financing arrangements to fund mortgage loans and otherwise operate our business;
the dependence of our loan origination and servicing revenues on macroeconomic and U.S. residential real estate market conditions;
the requirement to repurchase mortgage loans or indemnify investors if we breach representations and warranties;
counterparty risk;
the requirement to make servicing advances that can be subject to delays in recovery or may not be recoverable in certain circumstances;
risks related to any subservicer;
competition for mortgage assets that may limit the availability of desirable originations, acquisitions and result in reduced risk-adjusted returns;
our ability to continue to grow our loan origination business or effectively manage significant increases in our loan production volume;
difficult conditions or disruptions in the mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), mortgage, real estate and financial markets;
competition in the industry in which we operate;
our ability to acquire loans and sell the resulting MBS in the secondary markets on favorable terms in our production activities;
our ability to adapt to and implement technological changes;
the effectiveness of our risk management efforts;
our ability to detect misconduct and fraud;
any failure to attract and retain a highly skilled workforce, including our senior executives;
our ability to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property;
any cybersecurity risks, cyber incidents and technology failures;
material changes to the laws, regulations or practices applicable to reverse mortgage programs operated by the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”) and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development;
our vendor relationships;
our failure to deal appropriately with various issues that may give rise to reputational risk, including legal and regulatory requirements;
any employment litigation and related unfavorable publicity;
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exposure to new risks and increased costs as a result of initiating new business activities or strategies or significantly expanding existing business activities or strategies;
the impact of changes in political or economic stability or by government policies on our material vendors with operations in India;
our ability to fully utilize our net operating loss (“NOL”) and other tax carryforwards;
any challenge by the Internal Revenue Service of the amount, timing and/or use of our NOL carryforwards;
possible changes in legislation and the effect on our ability to use the tax benefits associated with our NOL carryforwards;
the impact of other changes in tax laws;
the impact of interest rate fluctuations;
risks associated with hedging against interest rate exposure;
the impact of any prolonged economic slowdown, recession or declining real estate values;
risks associated with financing our assets with borrowings;
risks associated with a decrease in value of our collateral;
the dependence of our operations on access to our financing arrangements, which are mostly uncommitted;
risks associated with the financial and restrictive covenants included in our financing agreements;
risks associated with changes in the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate reporting practices and the use of alternative reference rates;
our ability to raise the debt or equity capital required to finance our assets and grow our business;
risks associated with derivative financial instruments;
our ability to comply with continually changing federal, state and local laws and regulations;
the impact of revised rules and regulations and enforcement of existing rules and regulations by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau;
the impact of revised rules and regulations and enforcement of existing rules and regulations by state regulatory agencies;
our ability to comply with the Government-Sponsored Enterprises (“GSE”), FHA, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (“VA”) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) guidelines and changes in these guidelines or GSE and Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) guarantees;
changes in regulations or the occurrence of other events that impact the business, operations or prospects of government agencies such as Ginnie Mae, the FHA or the VA, the USDA, or GSEs such as the Federal National Mortgage Association or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or such changes that increase the cost of doing business with such entities;
our ability to obtain and/or maintain licenses and other approvals in those jurisdictions where required to conduct our business;
our ability to comply with the regulations applicable to our investment management subsidiary;
the impact of private legal proceedings;
risks associated with our acquisition of mortgage servicing rights;
the impact of our counterparties terminating our servicing rights under which we conduct servicing activities;
risks associated with higher risk loans that we service; and
our ability to foreclose on our mortgage assets in a timely manner or at all.
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Many of the important factors that will determine these results are beyond our ability to control or predict. You are cautioned not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Report. Except as otherwise required by law, we do not assume any obligation to publicly update or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should refer to the risks and uncertainties listed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our 2021 Annual Report, as such risk factors may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), for a discussion of other important factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, any reference in this Report to “Home Point,” “our Company,” “the Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” refers to Home Point Capital Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Website and Social Media Disclosure
We use our website (www.investors.homepoint.com) and our corporate Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter accounts as channels of distribution of Company information. The information we post through these channels may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor these channels, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. The contents of our website and social media channels are not, however, a part of this Report.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

HOME POINT CAPITAL INC. & SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$160,693 $170,987 
Restricted cash37,038 36,803 
Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash197,731 207,790 
Mortgage loans held for sale (at fair value)2,889,039 5,107,161 
Mortgage servicing rights (at fair value)1,490,224 1,525,103 
Property and equipment, net21,375 21,892 
Accounts receivable, net218,032 129,092 
Derivative assets183,461 84,385 
Goodwill10,789 10,789 
Government National Mortgage Association loans eligible for repurchase81,341 65,237 
Assets held for sale58,392 63,664 
Other assets48,593 43,228 
Total assets$5,198,977 $7,258,341 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
Liabilities:
Warehouse lines of credit$2,724,931 $4,718,658 
Term debt and other borrowings, net942,203 1,226,524 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses135,485 138,193 
Government National Mortgage Association loans eligible for repurchase81,341 65,237 
Deferred tax liabilities232,650 229,752 
Derivative liabilities219,366 26,736 
Other liabilities79,744 76,588 
Total liabilities4,415,720 6,481,688 
Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock (250,000,000 authorized shares, none issued and outstanding, $0.0000000072 par value per share)
— — 
Common stock (1,000,000,000 authorized shares, 139,424,176 and 139,326,953 shares issued and 138,962,486 and 139,326,953 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, $0.0000000072 par value per share)
— — 
Additional paid-in capital525,639 523,811 
Retained earnings259,131 252,842 
Treasury stock(1,513)— 
Total shareholders' equity783,257 776,653 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$5,198,977 $7,258,341 





See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HOME POINT CAPITAL INC. & SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited - dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Three months ended March 31,
20222021
Revenue:
Gain on loans, net$45,404 $301,228 
Loan fee income19,904 44,115 
Interest income27,077 25,577 
Interest expense(33,095)(32,935)
Interest expense, net(6,018)(7,358)
Loan servicing fees81,064 70,338 
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights17,183 12,848 
Other income634 801 
Total revenue, net158,171 421,972 
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits89,432 153,642 
Loan expense9,015 17,695 
Loan servicing expense5,746 8,093 
Production technology4,865 9,285 
General and administrative19,671 26,237 
Depreciation and amortization2,687 2,761 
Other expenses5,296 9,336 
Total expenses136,712 227,049 
Income before income tax21,459 194,923 
Income tax expense(4,323)(50,117)
(Loss) income from equity method investment(5,272)4,163 
Net income$11,864 $148,969 
Earnings per share:
Basic$0.09 $1.07 
Diluted$0.08 $1.07 









See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HOME POINT CAPITAL INC. & SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(unaudited - dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
Common StockAdditional
Paid in Capital
Retained
Earnings
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
SharesAmount
Beginning balance, December 31, 2020138,860,111 $— $519,510 $407,964 $927,474 
Contributed capital— — — 192 192 
Distributions to parent— — — (295,089)(295,089)
Employee stock purchases (option exercise)— — (1,028)— (1,028)
Equity-based compensation— — 1,779 — 1,779 
Net income— — — 148,969 148,969 
Ending balance, March 31, 2021138,860,111 $— $520,261 $262,036 $782,297 
Common StockAdditional
Paid in Capital
Treasury
Stock
Retained
Earnings
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
SharesAmount
Beginning balance, December 31, 2021139,326,953 $— $523,811 $— $252,842 $776,653 
Stock repurchase(461,690)— — (1,513)— (1,513)
Distributions to shareholders— — — — (5,575)(5,575)
Employee stock purchases (option exercise)97,223 — 122 — — 122 
Equity-based compensation— — 1,706 — — 1,706 
Net income— — — — 11,864 11,864 
Ending balance, March 31, 2022138,962,486 $— $525,639 $(1,513)$259,131 $783,257 












See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HOME POINT CAPITAL INC. & SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited - dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Operating activities:
Net income$11,864 $148,969 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation2,687 2,761 
Amortization of debt issuance costs846 802 
Gain on loans, net(45,404)(301,228)
Provision for representation and warranty reserve341 5,730 
Equity-based compensation expense1,706 1,779 
Deferred income tax2,898 43,783 
Loss (income) from equity method investment5,272 (4,163)
Distributions for mortgage loans held for sale(12,739,933)(31,055,708)
Proceeds from sale and payments of mortgage loans held for sale14,505,325 29,001,344 
Increase in fair value of mortgage servicing rights(17,183)(12,848)
Decrease in fair value of mortgage loans held for sale132,031 75,790 
(Increase) decrease in fair value of derivative assets(99,076)147,414 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in accounts receivable, net(42,890)(137,710)
Increase in other assets(5,365)(12,065)
Decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses(12,538)(20,371)
Increase in other liabilities195,445 209,166 
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities1,896,026 (1,906,555)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment, net of disposals(2,170)(4,078)
Purchase of mortgage servicing rights(8,588)(4,817)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights390,532 — 
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities379,774 (8,895)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from warehouse borrowings13,207,385 31,135,000 
Payments on warehouse borrowings(15,201,111)(29,292,983)
Proceeds from term debt borrowings135,000 820,000 
Payments on term debt borrowings(420,000)(335,000)
Proceeds from other borrowings45,000 65,000 
Payments on other borrowings(45,000)(105,000)
Payments of debt issuance costs(167)(11,387)
Employee stock purchases (option expense)122 (1,028)
Common stock repurchases(1,513)— 
Contributed capital from parent— 192 
Dividends paid to shareholders(5,575)— 
Distributions to parent— (295,089)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(2,285,859)1,979,705 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(10,059)64,255 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period207,790 196,893 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$197,731 $261,148 
Supplemental disclosure:
Cash paid for interest$42,409 $22,788 
Cash received from tax refunds, net$(1,307)$(260)
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HOME POINT CAPITAL INC. & SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In Thousands, Except Shares and Per Share Amounts)
(unaudited)
Note 1 - Organization and Operations
Nature of Business
Home Point Capital Inc., a Delaware corporation (“HPC” or the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is a residential mortgage originator and servicer with a business model focused on growing originations by leveraging a network of partner relationships and its servicing operation. The Company’s business operations are organized into the following two segments: (1) Origination and (2) Servicing. Home Point Financial Corporation (“HPF”), a New Jersey corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, originates, sells, and services residential real estate mortgage loans throughout the United States of America (“U.S.”). Home Point Asset Management LLC (“HPAM”), a Delaware limited liability company, is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and manages certain servicing assets. HPAM’s wholly owned subsidiary, Home Point Mortgage Acceptance Corporation (“HPMAC”), an Alabama Corporation, services residential real estate mortgage loans. Home Point Corporation Insurance Agency LLC (“HPCIA”), a Michigan limited liability company, is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company that brokers home owner insurance policies.
Both HPF and HPMAC are approved sellers and servicers of one-to-four family first mortgages by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA” or “Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC” or “Freddie Mac”) and are approved issuers by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA” or “Ginnie Mae”) (collectively, the “Agencies”), and as such, HPF and HPMAC must meet certain Agency eligibility requirements.
Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Pronouncements
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of HPC and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 and related notes were derived from the audited consolidated financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in complete financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all material adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2022 and its results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. The condensed consolidated financial information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
The Company reclassified gains and losses on MSR sales from Other income to the Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights on the consolidated statement of operations. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires HPC to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable.
Examples of reported amounts that rely on significant estimates include mortgage loans held for sale, mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), servicing advances reserve, derivative assets, derivative liabilities, reserves for mortgage repurchases and indemnifications, and deferred tax valuation allowance considerations. Significant estimates are also used in determining the recoverability and fair value of property and equipment and goodwill.
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Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, eliminates particular exceptions related to the method for intra period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. This amendment is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 as of January 1, 2022. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Pronouncements Issued but Not Yet Adopted
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, subject to meeting certain criteria, provides optional expedients and exceptions related to applying U.S. GAAP to certain contract modifications and hedging relationships that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or another rate that is expected to be discontinued. This guidance was effective upon issuance and allows application to contract changes as early as January 1, 2020. Subsequently, in 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform, to further clarify and expand certain aspects of Topic 848. The Company is in the process of reviewing its derivative and hedging instruments that utilize LIBOR as the reference rate. The Company plans to adopt ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 when LIBOR is discontinued for the Company and does not expect it to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Note 3 - Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
The Company sells its originated mortgage loans into the secondary market. The Company may retain the right to service some of these loans upon sale through ownership of servicing rights. The following presents mortgage loans held for sale (“MLHS”) at fair value, by type:
March 31, 2022
Unpaid
Principal
Fair Value
Adjustment
Total
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Conventional(1)
$2,099,171 $(29,121)$2,070,050 
Government(2)
820,416 (1,619)818,797 
Reverse(3)
275 (83)192 
Total$2,919,862 $(30,823)$2,889,039 
December 31, 2021
Unpaid
Principal
Fair Value
Adjustment
Total
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Conventional(1)
$4,206,099 $79,389 $4,285,488 
Government(2)
799,579 21,902 821,481 
Reverse(3)
275 (83)192 
Total$5,005,953 $101,208 $5,107,161 
(1)Conventional includes mortgage loans meeting the eligibility requirements to be sold to FNMA or FHLMC.
(2)Government includes mortgage loans meeting the eligibility requirements to be sold to GNMA (including Federal Housing Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs and United States Department of Agricultural mortgage loans).
(3)Reverse loan presented in MLHS on the consolidated balance sheets as a result of a repurchase.
MLHS on nonaccrual status had $25.6 million and $26.1 million of unpaid principal balances and $21.3 million and $21.6 million estimated fair value, as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The Company had $2.9 billion in unpaid principal balance pledged to secure its mortgage warehouse line of credit as of March 31, 2022.
The following presents a reconciliation of the changes in MLHS to the amounts presented on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:
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Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Fair value at beginning of period$5,107,161 $3,301,694 
Mortgage loans originated and purchased12,739,933 31,055,708 
Proceeds on sales and payments received(14,505,325)(29,001,344)
Change in fair value(132,031)(75,790)
Loss on loans(1)
(320,699)(89,007)
Fair value at end of period$2,889,039 $5,191,261 
(1)This line as presented on the consolidated statements of cash flows excludes originated mortgage servicing rights and mortgage servicing rights hedging.
Note 4 - Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Company sells residential mortgage loans in the secondary market and typically retains the right to service the loans sold.
Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”) give the Company the contractual right to receive service fees and other remuneration in exchange for performing loan servicing functions on behalf of investors in mortgage loans and securities. Upon sale of a mortgage loan for which the Company retains the underlying servicing, an MSR asset is capitalized, which represents the current fair value of the future net cash flows that are expected to be realized for performing servicing activities.

The following presents an analysis of the changes in capitalized MSRs:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$1,525,103 $748,457 
MSRs originated208,741294,357
MSRs purchased8,5884,817
MSRs sold(480,244)
Changes in valuation model inputs276,986197,896
Change due to cash payoffs and principal amortization(48,950)(89,170)
Balance at end of period$1,490,224 $1,156,357 
The following presents the Company’s total capitalized mortgage servicing portfolio (based on the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of the underlying mortgage loans):
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
Ginnie Mae$6,004,854$5,602,582
Fannie Mae53,896,65370,174,987
Freddie Mac42,050,00552,547,588
Other33,25534,417
Total$101,984,767$128,359,574
MSR balance$1,490,224 $1,525,103 
The following presents the key weighted average assumptions used in determining the fair value of the Company’s MSRs:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Discount rate7.91 %8.68 %
Weighted average prepayment speeds6.30 %8.30 %
The key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the MSRs are discount rate and the Conditional Prepayment Rate (“CPR” or “prepayment speeds”). An increase in prepayment speeds generally has an adverse effect on the value of MSRs as the underlying loans prepay faster. In a declining interest rate environment, the fair value of MSRs generally decreases as prepayments increase. A decrease in prepayment speeds generally has a positive effect on the value of the MSRs as the underlying
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loans prepay less frequently. In a rising interest rate environment, the fair value of MSRs generally increases as prepayments decrease. Increases in the discount rate result in a lower MSR value and decreases in the discount rate result in a higher MSR value. MSR uncertainties are hypothetical and do not always have a direct correlation with each assumption. Changes in one assumption may result in changes to another assumption, which might magnify or counteract the uncertainties.
The following presents the impact on the fair value of the Company’s MSR portfolio when applying the following hypothetical data points:
Discount Rate
Prepayment Speeds
100 BPS
Adverse Change
200 BPS
Adverse Change
10% Adverse
Change
20% Adverse
Change
(dollars in thousands)(dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022$(70,667)$(135,054)$(44,813)$(87,161)
December 31, 2021$(66,885)$(128,172)$(56,278)$(108,621)
The following presents information related to loans serviced:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
Total unpaid principal balance$104,432,037 $133,889,085 
Loans 30-89 days delinquent559,998 656,012 
Loans delinquent 90 or more days or in foreclosure738,301 777,650 
The following presents components of Loan servicing fees as reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Contractual servicing fees$80,763 $67,483 
Late fees1,125 1,142 
Other(824)1,713 
Total$81,064 $70,338 
The Company held for its customers $21.4 million and $19.9 million of escrow funds recorded in Other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company reported $53.5 million loss on MSR sales in the Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company reported $37.0 million gain on MSR sales in the Other income in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.
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Note 5 - Derivative Financial Instruments
The following presents the outstanding notional amounts and fair values of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments:
March 31, 2022
Notional
Value
Derivative
Asset
Derivative
Liability
(dollars in thousands)
Forward sale contracts$6,070,500 $97,691 $2,797 
Interest rate lock commitments5,366,027 12,141 45,458 
Forward purchase contracts390,000 177 8,799 
Interest rate swap futures contracts1,400,000 — 5,716 
Treasury futures purchase contracts700,000 — 32,725 
Margin73,452 123,871 
Total$183,461 $219,366 
December 31, 2021
Notional
Value
Derivative
Asset
Derivative
Liability
(dollars in thousands)
Forward sale contracts$7,819,802 $6,969 $8,242 
Interest rate lock commitments6,068,763 29,887 2,843 
Forward purchase contracts1,521,000 3,031 281 
Interest rate swap futures contracts1,540,000 25,313 5,662 
Treasury futures purchase contracts4,720,000 111 — 
Margin19,074 9,708 
Total$84,385 $26,736 
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The following presents the recorded gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Forward sale contracts$(60,753)$180,554 
Interest rate lock commitments88,668 (239,588)
Forward purchase contracts(3,872)(21,387)
Interest rate swap and Treasury futures purchase contracts$(118,352)$(70,655)
Counterparty agreements for forward commitments contain master netting agreements. The master netting agreements contain a legal right to offset amounts due to and from the same counterparty. The Company incurred no credit losses due to nonperformance of any of its counterparties for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
The following presents a summary of derivative assets and liabilities and related netting amounts:
March 31, 2022
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position(1)
Gross Amount of Assets (Liabilities) RecognizedFinancial InstrumentsCash CollateralNet Amount
(dollars in thousands)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements:
Assets:
Forward sale contracts$97,691 $(2,797)$(72,926)$21,968 
Forward purchase contracts177 — (177)— 
Interest rate swap and Treasury futures purchase contracts— — — — 
Liabilities:
Forward sale contracts(2,797)2,797 — — 
Forward purchase contracts(8,799)— 7,547 (1,252)
Interest rate swap and Treasury futures purchase contracts(38,441)— 38,441 — 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements:
Assets:
Interest rate lock commitments12,141 — — 12,141 
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments(45,458)— — (45,458)
Total derivatives
Assets$110,009 $(2,797)$(73,103)$34,109 
Liabilities$(95,495)$2,797 $45,988 $(46,710)
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December 31, 2021
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position(1)
Gross Amount of Assets (Liabilities) RecognizedFinancial InstrumentsCash CollateralNet Amount
(dollars in thousands)
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements:
Assets:
Forward sale contracts$6,969 $(4,886)$(1,272)$811 
Forward purchase contracts3,031 (258)(2,627)146 
Interest rate swap and Treasury futures purchase contracts25,424 (5,662)— 19,762 
Liabilities:
Forward sale contracts(8,242)4,886 1,252 (2,104)
Forward purchase contracts(281)258 — (23)
Interest rate swap and Treasury futures purchase contracts(5,662)5,662 — — 
Derivatives not subject to master netting agreements:
Assets:
Interest rate lock commitments29,887 — — 29,887 
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments(2,843)— — (2,843)
Total derivatives
Assets$65,311 $(10,806)$(3,899)$50,606 
Liabilities$(17,028)$10,806 $1,252 $(4,970)
(1) Amounts disclosed for collateral received from or posted to the same counterparty includes cash up to and not exceeding the net amount of the derivative asset or liability presented in the balance sheet. The fair value of the total collateral received from or posted to the same counterparty may exceed the amounts presented. The amounts of collateral received from or posted to counterparty are presented as margin and included as a component of either Derivative assets or Other liabilities in the Balance Sheet.
For information on the determination of fair value, refer to Note 12 - Fair Value Measurements.
Note 6 - Accounts Receivable, net
The following presents principal categories of Accounts receivable, net:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
Pair off receivable$72,282 $3,738 
Servicing sale receivable60,380 14,364 
Servicing advance receivable
56,849 71,884 
Servicing advance reserve
(2,875)(4,207)
Agency receivable15,393 20,184 
Income tax receivable
8,449 11,181 
Servicing receivable-general
1,688 359 
Warehouse receivable1,055 1,934 
Interest on servicing deposits
185 464 
Other
4,626 9,191 
Total
$218,032 $129,092 
As part of managing the Company’s servicing advances, servicing advance reserve is recognized with management’s estimate of current expected losses and maintained at a level that management considers adequate based upon continuing assessments of collectability, historical loss experience, current trends, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.
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The following presents changes to the servicing advance reserve:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Servicing advance reserve at beginning of period$(4,207)$(8,380)
Additions(7,517)(1,343)
Charge-offs8,849 974 
Servicing advance reserve at end of period$(2,875)$(8,749)
Note 7 - Warehouse Lines of Credit
The Company maintains mortgage warehouse lines of credit arrangements with various financial institutions, primarily to fund the origination of mortgage loans. The Company held mortgage funding arrangements with 11 separate financial institutions with a total maximum borrowing capacity of $6.6 billion and $7.5 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company had $3.9 billion and $2.8 billion of unused capacity under its warehouse lines of credit as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The following presents the amounts outstanding and maturity dates under the Company’s various mortgage funding arrangements:
Maturity Date
March 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
$700 million Warehouse Facility
August 2022$346,312 
$450 million Warehouse Facility
September 202250,643 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
September 2022173,128 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
September 2022161,706 
$1,200 million Warehouse Facility
February 2023329,956 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
March 2023262,955 
$400 million Warehouse Facility
March 2023275,781 
$325 million Warehouse Facility
March 2023264,389 
$1,200 million Warehouse Facility
May 2023349,505 
$88.5 million Warehouse Facility
Evergreen10,850 
$550 million Warehouse Facility
Evergreen311,164 
Gestation Warehouse FacilityEvergreen188,542 
Early Funding(1)
— 
Total$2,724,931 

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Maturity DateDecember 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
$1,200 million Warehouse Facility2
February 2022$604,421 
$500 million Warehouse Facility2
March 2022335,509 
$500 million Warehouse Facility2
March 2022381,087 
$1,000 million Warehouse Facility
August 2022716,802 
$450 million Warehouse Facility
September 2022277,060 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
September 2022339,521 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
September 2022375,381 
$500 million Warehouse Facility
March 2023309,898 
$1,500 million Warehouse Facility
May 2023731,132 
$88.5 million Warehouse Facility
Evergreen11,409 
$550 million Warehouse Facility
Evergreen363,959 
Gestation Warehouse FacilityEvergreen179,360 
Early Funding(1)
93,119 
Total$4,718,658 
(1)In addition to warehouse facilities, the Company is an approved lender for early funding facilities with Fannie Mae through its As Soon As Pooled (“ASAP”) program and Freddie Mac through its Early Funding (“EF”) program. From time to time, the Company enters into agreements to deliver certified pools of mortgage loans and receive funding in exchange for such pools. All mortgage loans delivered under these programs must adhere to a set of eligibility criteria. Early funding programs with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac do not have stated expiration dates or maximum capacities.
(2)Maturity Dates in this table are as of December 31, 2021. These Warehouse Facilities have been renewed as reflected in the table above.
The Company’s warehouse facilities’ variable interest rates are calculated using an index rate generally tied to either (a) 1-month LIBOR or (b) a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”); plus applicable interest rate margins, with varying index interest and interest rate margin floors. The weighted average interest rate for the Company’s warehouse facilities was 2.26% and 2.36% as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s borrowings are 100% secured by MLHS at fair value.
The Company’s warehouse facilities require the maintenance of certain financial covenants relating to net worth, profitability, liquidity, and ratio of indebtedness to net worth among others. In March 2022, the Company’s warehouse lines that contain profitability covenants were amended to allow for a net loss under such covenants for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company was in compliance with all warehouse facility covenants as of March 31, 2022.
The Company continually evaluates its warehouse capacity in relation to expected financing needs.
Note 8 - Term Debt and Other Borrowings, net
The following presents the Company’s term debt and other borrowings, net:
Maturity DateCollateralMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
$1.0 billion MSR Facility
May 2025MSRs$400,000 $685,000 
$550 million Senior Notes
February 2026Unsecured550,000 550,000 
$90 million Servicing Advance Facility
May 2022Servicing Advances3,250 3,250 
$35 million Operating Line of Credit
May 2022Mortgage loans1,000 1,000 
Gross954,250 1,239,250 
Debt issuance costs(12,047)(12,726)
Total$942,203 $1,226,524 
The Company maintains a $1.0 billion MSR financing facility (the “MSR Facility”), which is comprised of $650.0 million of committed capacity and $350.0 million of uncommitted capacity and is collateralized by the Company’s FNMA, FHLMC, and GNMA MSRs. Interest on the MSR Facility is based on 3-Month LIBOR or SOFR; plus the applicable interest rate margin, with advance rates generally ranging from 62.5% to 72.5% of the value of the underlying MSRs. The MSR Facility has a three-year revolving period ending on May 4, 2024 followed by a one-year period during which the balance drawn must be repaid and no further amounts may be drawn down, which ends on May 20, 2025. The MSR Facility requires the maintenance of certain financial covenants relating to net worth, liquidity, and indebtedness of the Company. As of March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the MSR Facility.
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In January 2021, the Company issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.0% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Senior Notes”) in a private placement transaction. The Senior Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries existing on the date of issuance, other than HPAM and HPMAC. The Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears. The Senior Notes will mature on February 1, 2026.
The Indenture governing the Senior Notes contains covenants and restrictions that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to (i) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred shares; (ii) incur liens; (iii) make certain distributions, investments, and other restricted payments; (iv) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and (v) merge or consolidate or sell, transfer, lease, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their assets.
The Company has a $90.0 million servicing advance facility which is collateralized by all of the Company’s servicing advances. The facility carries an interest rate of 1-month LIBOR plus a margin and an advance rate ranging from 85.0-95.0%. The servicing advance facility requires the maintenance of certain financial covenants relating to net worth, liquidity, and indebtedness of the Company. As of March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the servicing advance facility.
The Company also has a $35.0 million operating line, with an interest rate based on the Prime Rate.
The Company had total available capacity of $449.9 million and $45.5 million for its MSR Facility and servicing advance facility, respectively as of March 31, 2022. The Company has no available capacity for its operating line of credit as of March 31, 2022.
Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments to Extend Credit
The Company’s Interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) expose the Company to market risk if interest rates change and the loan is not economically hedged or committed to an investor. The Company is also exposed to credit loss if the loan is originated and not sold to an investor and the customer does not perform. The collateral upon extension of credit typically consists of a first deed of trust in the mortgagor’s residential property. Commitments to originate loans do not necessarily reflect future cash requirements as some commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon. Total commitments to originate loans were $5.4 billion and $6.1 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Litigation
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business. There were no current or pending claims against the Company which are expected to have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, or cash flows.
Regulatory Contingencies
The Company is subject to periodic audits and examinations, both formal and informal in nature, from various federal and state agencies, including those conducted as part of regulatory oversight of our mortgage origination, servicing, and financing activities. Such audits and examinations could result in additional actions, penalties, or fines by state or federal governmental bodies, regulators, or the courts with respect to our mortgage origination, servicing, and financing activities, which may be applicable generally to the mortgage industry or to the Company in particular. The Company did not pay any material penalties or fines during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 and is not currently required to pay any such penalties or fines.
Note 10 - Regulatory Net Worth Requirements
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”), which govern non-supervised, direct endorsement mortgagees. The Company is also subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac, which govern issuers of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac securities. Additionally, the Company is required to maintain minimum net worth requirements; these range from $0 to $1,000, depending on the state.
Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary remedial actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could (i) remove the Company’s ability to sell and service loans to, or on behalf of, the Agencies and (ii) have a direct material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In accordance with the regulatory capital guidelines, the Company must meet specific quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Changes in regulatory and accounting standards, as well as the impact of future events on the Company’s results, may significantly affect the Company’s net worth adequacy.
The Company is subject to the following minimum net worth, minimum capital ratio, and minimum liquidity requirements established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Seller/Servicers, and Ginnie Mae for single family issuers:
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Minimum Net Worth
The minimum net worth requirement for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is defined as follows:
Base Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth (as defined by HUD) of $2.5 million plus 25 basis points of outstanding UPB for total loans serviced.
Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth, as defined by HUD, is comprised of total equity less goodwill, intangible assets, affiliate receivables, deferred tax assets, prepaid expenses, and certain pledged assets.
The minimum net worth requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:
Base Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth (as defined by HUD) of $2.5 million plus 35 basis points of the issuer’s total single-family effective outstanding obligations.
Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth, as defined by HUD, is comprised of total equity less goodwill, intangible assets, affiliate receivables, deferred tax assets, prepaid expenses, and certain pledged assets.
Minimum Capital Ratio
For Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae, the Company is also required to hold a ratio of Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth to Total Assets greater than 6.0%.
Minimum Liquidity
The minimum liquidity requirement for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is defined as follows:
3.5 basis points of total Agency servicing.
Incremental 200 basis points of total nonperforming Agency servicing, measured as 90 plus day delinquencies, in excess of 6.0% of the total Agency servicing UPB.
Allowable assets for liquidity may include: cash and cash equivalents (unrestricted); available for sale or held for trading investment grade securities (e.g., Agency MBS, Obligations of GSEs, US Treasury Obligations); and unused/available portion of committed servicing advance lines.
The minimum liquidity requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:
Maintain liquid assets equal to the greater of $1.0 million or 10 basis points of the Company’s outstanding single-family MBS.
The most restrictive of the minimum net worth and capital requirements require the Company to maintain a minimum adjusted net worth balance of $251.0 million and $326.3 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The Company is in compliance with all minimum requirements to which it was subject as of March 31, 2022.
Note 11 - Representation and Warranty Reserve
Certain of the Company’s loan sale contracts include provisions requiring the Company to repurchase a loan if a borrower fails to make certain initial loan payments due to the acquirer or if the accompanying mortgage loan fails to meet customary representations and warranties. The Company has included considerations that it may receive relief of certain representations and warranty obligations on loans sold to FNMA or FHLMC on or after January 1, 2013 if FNMA or FHLMC satisfactorily concludes a quality control loan file review or if the borrower meets certain acceptable payment history requirements within 12 or 36 months after the loan is sold to FNMA or FHLMC. The current UPB of loans sold by the Company represents the maximum potential exposure to repurchases related to representations and warranties. Reserve levels are a function of expected losses based on historical experience and loan volume. While the amount of repurchases is uncertain, the Company considers the liability to be appropriate.
The following presents the activity of the outstanding repurchase reserve:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Repurchase reserve at beginning of period
$24,577 $18,080 
Additions
3,951 6,593 
Charge-offs
(3,610)(863)
Repurchase reserve at end of period
$24,918 $23,810 
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Note 12 - Fair Value Measurements
The Company uses fair value measurements to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, such as MSRs, derivatives, MLHS and Early buyout loans (“EBOs”). The Company has elected fair value accounting for loans held for sale and MSRs to more closely align the Company’s accounting with its interest rate risk strategies without having to apply the operational complexities of hedge accounting.
The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
Level Input:Input Definition:
Level 1Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2Prices determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. These may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others.
Level 3Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity), unobservable inputs may be used. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are based on the best information available in the circumstances.
An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those used by other market participants, the use of different methods or assumptions to estimate the fair value of certain financial statement items could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market for such items existed, or had such items been liquidated, and those differences could be material to the financial statements.
Fair Value of Certain Assets and Liabilities
The following describes the methods used in estimating the fair values of certain assets and liabilities:
Mortgage loans held for sale. The majority of the Company's MLHS at fair value are saleable into the secondary mortgage markets and their fair values are estimated using observable quoted market or contracted prices or market price equivalents, which would be used by other market participants. These saleable loans are considered Level 2. A smaller portion of the Company's MLHS consist of loans repurchased from the Government-Sponsored Enterprises (“GSEs”) that have subsequently been deemed to be non-saleable to GSEs and Ginnie Mae when certain representations and warranties are breached. These loans, however, are saleable to other entities and are classified on the consolidated balance sheets as Mortgage loans held for sale. These repurchased loans are considered Level 3 and are valued based on recent sales prices of similar loans.
Interest rate lock commitments. The Company estimates the fair value of IRLCs based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan, quoted MBS prices and estimates of the fair value of the MSRs and the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitment. The average pull-through rate for IRLCs was 87.2% and 86.1%as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Given the significant and unobservable nature of the pull-through factor, IRLCs are classified as Level 3.
Forward sales and purchase commitments. The Company treats forward mortgage-backed securities purchase and sale commitments that have not settled as derivatives and recognizes them at fair value. These forward commitments will be fulfilled with loans not yet sold or securitized and new originations and purchases. The forward commitments allow the Company to reduce the risk related to market price volatility. The Company estimates the fair value of forward commitments based on quoted MBS prices. These derivatives are classified as Level 2.
Interest rate swap futures contracts. The Company uses options on swap contracts to offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. The Company estimates the fair value of these MSR-related derivatives using quoted prices for similar instruments. These derivatives are classified as Level 2.
Treasury futures purchase contracts. The Company uses Treasury futures contracts to offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. The Company estimates fair value of these MSR-related derivatives using quoted market prices. These derivatives are classified as Level 1.
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Mortgage Servicing Rights: The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of MSRs. This approach consists of projecting servicing cash flows discounted at a rate that management believes market participants would use in their determinations of value. The Company obtains valuations from an independent third party on a quarterly basis to support the reasonableness of the fair value estimate. Key assumptions used in measuring the fair value of MSRs include, but are not limited to, discount rates and prepayment speeds. Other assumptions such as delinquencies, and cost to service are also considered resulting in a Level 3 classification.
The following presents the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
March 31, 2022
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale
$— $2,871,263 $17,776 $2,889,039 
Interest rate lock commitments— — 12,141 12,141 
Forward sale contracts— 97,691 — 97,691 
Forward purchase contracts— 177 — 177 
Mortgage servicing rights
— — 1,490,224 1,490,224 
Total
$— $2,969,131 $1,520,141 $4,489,272 
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments$— $— $45,458 $45,458 
Forward sale contracts— 2,797 — 2,797 
Forward purchase contracts— 8,799 — 8,799 
Interest rate swap futures contracts— 5,716 — 5,716 
Treasury futures purchase contracts32,725 — — 32,725 
Total$32,725 $17,312 $45,458 $95,495 

December 31, 2021
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
(dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale
$— $5,086,943 $20,218 $5,107,161 
Interest rate lock commitments— — 29,887 29,887 
Forward sale contracts— 6,969 — 6,969 
Forward purchase contracts— 3,031 — 3,031 
Interest rate swap futures contracts— 111 — 111 
Treasury futures purchase contracts25,313 — — 25,313 
Mortgage servicing rights
— — 1,525,103 1,525,103 
Total
$25,313 $5,097,054 $1,575,208 $6,697,575 
Liabilities:
Interest rate lock commitments$— $— $2,843 $2,843 
Forward sale contracts— 8,242 — 8,242 
Forward purchase contracts— 281 — 281 
Interest rate swap futures contracts— 5,662 — 5,662 
Total$— $14,185 $2,843 $17,028 
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The following presents a reconciliation of Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
MSRs
IRLC
MLHS
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
$1,525,103 $29,887 $20,218 
Purchases, sales, issuances, contributions, and settlements
(262,915)— (1,564)
Change in fair value
228,036 (17,746)(52)
Transfers out(1)
— — (826)
Balance at end of period
$1,490,224 $12,141 $17,776 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
MSRsIRLCMLHS
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
$748,457 $257,785 $44,374 
Purchases, sales, issuances, contributions, and settlements
299,174 — 41 
Change in fair value
108,726 (237,592)(247)
Transfers in(1)
— — 1,410 
Balance at end of period
$1,156,357 $20,193 $44,168 
(1)Transfers in (out) represents transfers between Levels 2 and 3, and reclassifications to Real estate owned (“REO”), foreclosure or claims.
The following presents the fair value and UPB of MLHS that have contractual principal amounts and for which the Company has elected the fair value option. The fair value option was elected for mortgage loans held for sale as the Company believes fair value best reflects its expected future economic performance:

Fair ValuePrincipal
Amount Due
Upon Maturity
Difference(1)
(dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022$2,889,039 $2,919,862 $(30,823)
December 31, 2021$5,107,161 $5,005,069 $102,092 
(1)Represents the amount of gains related to changes in fair value of items accounted for using the fair value option included in Gain on loans, net within the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company had no significant assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The following is a summary of the key unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the Level 3 assets:
March 31, 2022
Assets:
Key InputRangeWeighted
Average
Mortgage servicing rights
Discount rate
7.8% - 12.2%
7.9%
Prepayment speeds
6.2% - 8.9%
6.3%
Interest rate lock commitmentsPull-through rate
49% - 100%
87.2%
Mortgage loans held for sale
Investor pricing
70.0% - 102.4%
90.6%
December 31, 2021
Assets:
Key InputRangeWeighted
Average
Mortgage servicing rights
Discount rate
8.6% - 12.2%
8.7%
Prepayment speeds
6.9% - 11.6%
8.3%
Interest rate lock commitmentsPull-through rate
49.8% - 100.0%
86.1%
Mortgage loans held for sale
Investor pricing
70.0% - 104.1%
91.3%
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Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments: All financial instruments were either recorded at fair value or the carrying value approximated fair value as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. For financial instruments that were not recorded at fair value, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, servicing advances, warehouse and operating lines of credit, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, their carrying values approximated fair value due to the short-term nature of such instruments. The Senior Notes had a carrying value of $550.0 million and $550.0 million and an estimated fair value of $450.6 million and $506.4 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. For the Company’s other long-term secured borrowings not recorded at fair value, the carrying value approximated fair value due to the variable interest rate on the borrowings and the re-repricing of collateral.
Note 13 - Equity-based Compensation
On January 21, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved the adoption of the Company’s 2021 Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”) and designated 6.9 million shares of the Company’s authorized common stock available for equity-based awards thereunder. The 2021 Plan allows for the assumption and substitution of outstanding options to purchase common units of HPLP granted under the Home Point Capital LP (“HPLP”) 2015 Option Plan (the “2015 Option Plan”), which was in place prior to the Company’s IPO. The expiration date of the 2021 Plan is the tenth (10th) anniversary of the effective date of the 2021 Plan, which is January 21, 2031. The 2021 Plan contains both time-vesting service criteria and performance based vesting terms, which are based on the achievement of specified performance criteria outlined in the underlying award agreement.
Prior to the consummation of the merger in connection with the IPO, the 2015 Option Plan governed awards of stock options to key persons conducting business for HPLP and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including the Company. The 2015 Option Plan allowed awards in the form of options that are exercisable into common units of HPLP. In connection with the IPO, all outstanding options under the 2015 Option Plan were canceled and “substitute options” were granted under the 2021 Plan. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock of the substitute options result in the same (subject to rounding) intrinsic value as the outstanding options granted under the 2015 Option Plan.
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are awards that represent the potential to receive shares of the Company’s common stock at the end of the applicable vesting period, subject to the terms and conditions of the 2021 Plan and the applicable award documents. RSUs awarded under the 2021 Plan are fair valued based upon the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. Any person who holds RSUs has no ownership interest in the shares of the Company’s common stock to which such RSUs relate until and unless shares of common stock are delivered to the holder. The RSUs will be credited with dividend equivalent payments, as provided in Section 13(c)(iii) of the 2021 Plan.
The following presents the summary of the Company’s RSU activity:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
UnitsWeighted
Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period367,991 $10.18 
Granted211,079 3.79 
Outstanding at end of period579,070 $7.85 
The RSUs granted to the Company’s management team will vest in equal annual installments over a three-year period subject to the participants’ continued employment with the Company. The RSUs granted to the non-management members of the Company’s board of directors who are not affiliated with Stone Point Capital LLC will vest at the next annual meeting of stockholders following the grant date. The Company recognized $0.2 million of compensation expense related to RSUs within Compensation and benefits expense on the consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Performance Stock Units
Performance stock units (“PSUs”) are fair valued on the date of grant and expensed over the service period using a straight-line method as the awards cliff vest at the end of a three-year performance period. The Company also estimates the number of shares expected to vest, which is based on management’s determination of the probable outcome of the Performance Condition (as defined below), which requires considerable judgment. The Company records a cumulative adjustment in periods in which the Company’s estimate of the number of shares expected to vest changes. Additionally, the Company ultimately adjusts the expense recognized to reflect the actual vested shares following the resolution of the Performance Condition. The PSUs will become earned based on the level of achievement of the Company’s average return on equity over a three-year performance period (the “Performance Condition”). The number of earned PSUs can range from 0% to 150% of the number of PSUs granted, depending on continued service with the Company and the extent to which the Performance Condition has been achieved at the end of the
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performance period. The PSUs will be credited with dividend equivalent payments, as provided in Section 13(c)(iii) of the 2021 Plan.
The following table presents the summary of the Company’s PSU activity:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
UnitsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period238,347 $9.44 
Granted131,924 3.79 
Outstanding at end of period370,271 $7.43 
The Company did not recognize any compensation expense related to PSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Stock Option Awards
The Company recognizes compensation expense associated with the stock option grants using the straight-line method over the requisite service period. The Company recognized $1.7 million and $1.8 million of compensation expense related to stock options within Compensation and benefits expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding and unvested stock options was $68.6 million as of March 31, 2022, which is expected to vest and get recognized over a weighted-average period of 6.12 years. The unrecognized compensation expense was $15.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The number of options vested and exercisable was 2,225,337 and the weighted-average exercise price of the options exercisable was $3.87 as of March 31, 2022.
The following presents the summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the 2021 Plan:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life (Years)
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period11,751,031 $4.45 6.87$8.38 
Granted337,043 1.81 4.349.79 
Exercised(146,181)1.86 4.229.81 
Forfeited(93,563)1.91 0.029.64 
Expired(26,963)1.64 — 10.00 
Outstanding at end of period11,821,367 $4.43 6.46$8.39 
The following presents the summary of the Company’s non-vested activity under the 2021 Plan:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Non-vested at beginning of period9,627,033 $8.19 
Granted337,043 9.79 
Vested
(101,339)8.76 
Exercised(146,181)9.81 
Forfeited(93,563)9.64 
Expired(26,963)10.00 
Non-vested at end of period9,596,030 $8.31 
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The following presents assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model to determine the weighted-average fair value per stock option granted:
 March 31, 2022
Expected life (in years)8.26
Risk-free interest rate
0.56 - 3.0%
Expected volatility24.9%
Dividend yield
The expected life of each stock option is estimated based on its vesting and contractual terms. The risk-free interest rate reflected the yield on zero-coupon Treasury securities with a term approximating the expected life of the stock options. The expected volatility was based on an analysis of the historical volatilities of peer companies, adjusted for certain characteristics specific to the Company. The Company applied an estimated forfeiture rate of 0%-10.4% and 0%-10.0% as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Note 14 - Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated and presented in the consolidated financial statements for both basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic EPS excludes all dilutive common stock equivalents and is calculated by dividing the net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. There are 139.2 million and 138.9 million weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Diluted EPS, as calculated using the treasury stock method, reflects the potential dilution that would occur if the Company’s dilutive outstanding stock options and stock awards were issued and exercised. 1.4 million and 0.8 million shares were considered to be dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following presents the calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts )
Net income$11,864 $148,969 
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders$11,864 $148,969 
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards— — 
Net income attributable to Home Point - diluted$11,864 $148,969 
Denominator (in thousands):
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic139,171 138,911 
Add: Common stock issued upon vesting of RSUs— — 
Add: Common stock issued upon exercise of stock options1,408 823 
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted140,579 139,734 
Earnings per share of common stock outstanding - basic$0.09 $1.07 
Earnings per share of common stock outstanding - diluted$0.08 $1.07 
Note 15 - Shareholders’ Equity and Equity Method Investment
Common Stock Repurchases
On February 24, 2022, the Company’s board of directors approved the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0000000072 per share (the “Common Stock”), in an aggregate amount not to exceed $8.0 million, from time to time
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through and including December 31, 2022 (the “Stock Repurchase Program”). Repurchases under the Stock Repurchase Program may be made from time to time pursuant to one or more plans adopted under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company repurchased 461,690 shares of Common Stock at an aggregate price of $1.5 million, including commissions and fees, through market purchase transactions under the Stock Repurchase Program as of March 31, 2022.
Treasury Stock
The Company held 461,690 and no shares of common stock in treasury as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company values shares of common stock held in treasury at cost.
Equity Method Investment
The Company holds an equity method investment in Longbridge Financial, LLC (“Longbridge”) through a 49.6% voting ownership interest, which is the only equity method investment held by the Company. The investment was initially recognized at cost and is adjusted for HPC’s share of Longbridge’s earnings or losses, contributions or distributions. HPC had a net investment of $58.4 million and $63.7 million in Longbridge as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company has made the decision to sell its investment in Longbridge and expects the sale to close in the second quarter of 2022. The Company’s investment in Longbridge is classified as Assets Held for Sale as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
The following presents condensed financial information of Longbridge:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)
Total assets$7,205,432 $6,727,807 
Total liabilities7,092,608 6,604,351 
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue$(57,741)$38,536 
Net (loss) income(10,651)12,526 
Net (loss) income attributable to the Company(5,272)4,163 
Note 16 - Income Taxes
The Company’s effective income tax rate was 20.1% and 25.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, compared to the statutory rate of 21.0%. The Company calculated the provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income and adjusted for discrete items that occurred during the period. Several factors influence the effective tax rate, including the impact of equity investment, state taxes, uncertain tax positions, and permanent disallowed deductions for tax such as officer's compensation limitations applicable to a public entity and non-deductible transaction costs. Total provision for income taxes was $4.3 million and $50.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Note 17 - Segments
Management has organized the Company into two reportable segments based primarily on its services as follows: (1) Origination and (2) Servicing. Each reportable segment has discrete financial information evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in monitoring performance, allocating capital and making strategic and operational decisions that align with the Company and its internal operations. The Origination segment consists of a combination of retail and third-party loan production options. The Servicing segment performs loan servicing for both newly originated loans the Company is holding for sale and loans the Company services for others.
Origination
In the Origination segment, the Company originates residential real estate mortgage loans in the U.S. through the consumer direct third party originations, and correspondent channels that offer a variety of loan programs that support the financial needs of the borrowers. In each of the channels, the Company’s primary source of revenue is the difference between the cost of originating or purchasing the loan and the price at which the loan is sold to investors as well as the fair value of originated MSRs and hedging gains and losses. Loan origination fees and interest income earned on loans held for sale or securitization are also included in the revenue for this segment.
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Servicing
In the Servicing segment, the Company generates revenue through contractual fees earned by performing daily administrative and management activities for mortgage loans. These activities include collecting loan payments, remitting payments to investors, sending monthly statements, managing escrow accounts, servicing delinquent loan work-outs, and managing and disposing of foreclosed properties. Servicing of the Company’s customers was primarily conducted in-house as of March 31, 2022. In February 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with ServiceMac, LLC (“ServiceMac”), a wholly owned subsidiary of First American Financial Corporation, pursuant to which ServiceMac will subservice all mortgage loans underlying the Company’s MSRs. ServiceMac is expected to begin subservicing loans for the Company in the second quarter of 2022.
Other Information About the Company’s Segments
The Company's CODM evaluates performance, makes operating decisions, and allocates resources based on the Company's contribution margin. Contribution margin is the Company’s measure of profitability for its two reportable segments. Contribution margin is defined as revenue from Gain on loans, net, Loan fee income, Loan servicing fees, Change in fair value of MSRs, Interest income, and Other income (which includes Income from equity method investment) adjusted for the change in fair value attributable to valuation assumptions of MSRs and less directly attributable expenses. Directly attributable expenses include salaries, commissions and associate benefits, general and administrative expenses, and other expenses, such as servicing and origination costs. Direct operating expenses driven by the activities of the segments are included in the respective segments.
The Company does not allocate assets to its reportable segments as they are not included in the review performed by the CODM for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources. The balance sheet is managed on a consolidated basis and is not used in the context of segment reporting. Additionally, the Company does not enter into transactions between its reportable segments.
The Company also reports an “All Other” category that includes unallocated corporate expenses, such as IT, finance, and human resources. These operations are neither significant individually or in aggregate and therefore do not constitute a reportable segment.
The following presents the key operating data for our business segments:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
OriginationServicingSegments
Total
All OtherTotal
Reconciling
Item(1)
Total
Consolidated
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Gain on loans, net$45,404 $— $45,404 $— $45,404 $— $45,404 
Loan fee income19,904 — 19,904 — 19,904 — 19,904 
Loan servicing fees— 81,064 81,064 — 81,064 — 81,064 
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights— 17,183 17,183 — 17,183 — 17,183 
Interest income (expense), net7,456 706 8,162 (14,180)(6,018)— (6,018)
Other income (expense)— — — (4,638)(4,638)5,272 634 
Total$72,764 $98,953 $171,717 $(18,818)$152,899 $5,272 $158,171 
Contribution margin$(8,390)$83,234 $74,844 $(58,657)$16,187 
(1)The Company includes the (income) loss from its equity method investment in the All Other segment. Therefore, it must be removed to reconcile to Total revenue, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
OriginationServicingSegments
Total
All OtherTotal
Reconciling
Item(1)
Total
Consolidated
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Gain on loans, net$301,228 $— $301,228 $— $301,228 $— $301,228 
Loan fee income44,115 — 44,115 — 44,115 — 44,115 
Loan servicing fees— 70,338 70,338 — 70,338 — 70,338 
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights— 12,848 12,848 — 12,848 — 12,848 
Interest income (expense), net1,288 252 1,540 (8,898)(7,358)— (7,358)
Other income— 128 128 4,836 4,964 (4,163)801 
Total$346,631 $83,566 $430,197 $(4,062)$426,135 $(4,163)$421,972 
Contribution margin$187,262 $64,844 $252,106 $(53,021)$199,085 
(1)The Company includes the (income) loss from its equity method investments in the All Other segment. In order to reconcile to Total revenue, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, it must be removed as is presented above.
The following presents a reconciliation of contribution margin to consolidated U.S. GAAP Income before income tax:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Income before income tax$21,459 $194,923 
(Loss) income from equity method investment(5,272)4,163 
Contribution margin, excluding change in MSRs due to valuation assumption$16,187 $199,086 
Note 18 - Related Parties
The Company entered into transactions and agreements to purchase various services and products from certain affiliates of our sponsor, Stone Point Capital LLC. The services include valuation of MSRs, insurance brokerage services, loan review and tax payment services for certain loan originations. The Company recorded $16.1 million and $6.3 million expenses for products, services, and other transactions in Loan expense, Loan servicing expense, Production technology, General and administrative and Other expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Note 19 - Subsequent Events
Definitive Agreement to Sell Correspondent Channel Assets
On April 29, 2022, HPF entered into a definitive agreement to sell certain assets of HPF’s delegated correspondent channel (the “Correspondent Channel Transaction”) to Planet Home Lending, LLC (“Planet”) for $2.5 million in cash, plus an earnout payment based on certain of Planet’s correspondent origination volume during the two-year period commencing on the closing date of the Correspondent Channel Transaction. The Correspondent Chanel Transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.
MSR Facility Amendment
On April 29, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to the MSR facility that, among other things, reduced the committed capacity to $500.0 million, while maintaining the aggregate facility amount of $1.0 billion. The amendment also replaced the LIBOR based interest rate with SOFR, plus the applicable interest rate margin, with advance rates generally ranging from 62.5% to 72.5% of the value of the underlying MSRs.
Sale of Mortgage Servicing Rights
On May 3, 2022, the Company completed the sale of servicing rights relating to certain single family mortgage loans serviced for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of approximately $16.1 billion to an approved Agency seller and servicer. The total purchase price for the servicing rights was approximately $204.2 million, which is subject to certain customary holdbacks and adjustments. The sale represents approximately 12.5% of the Company’s total mortgage servicing portfolio as of March 31, 2022. The Agencies consented to the transfer of the servicing rights.
Dividend Payment
Home Point Capital’s board of directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.04 per share for the first quarter of 2022, payable on or about June 7, 2022 to all stockholders of record at the close of business on May 24, 2022.
Common Stock Repurchases
From April 1, 2022 through May 10, 2022, the Company repurchased shares of Common Stock at an aggregate price of approximately $1.9 million, excluding commissions and fees, through market purchase transactions under the Stock Repurchase Program.




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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis supplements our management’s discussion and analysis for the year ended December 31, 2021 as contained in our 2021 Annual Report, and presumes that readers have read or have access to such discussion and analysis. The following discussion and analysis should also be read together with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans and strategy for our business, and involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the “Risk Factors” section of our 2021 Annual Report for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. You should carefully read “Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements” in this Report .
Data as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, have been derived from our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report.
Overview
We are a leading residential mortgage originator and servicer driven by a mission to create financially healthy, happy homeowners. We do this by delivering scale, efficiency and savings to our partners and customers. Our business model is focused on leveraging a nationwide network of partner relationships to drive sustainable origination growth. We support our origination operations through a robust operational infrastructure and a highly responsive customer experience. We then leverage our servicing platform to manage the customer experience. We believe that the complementary relationship between our origination and servicing businesses allows us to provide a best-in-class experience to our customers throughout their homeownership lifecycle.
Our primary focus is our Wholesale channel, which is a business-to-business-to-customer distribution model in which we utilize our relationships with 8,376 partnering independent mortgage brokerages (“Broker Partners”) to reach our end-borrower customers. Through our Wholesale channel, we propel the success of our Broker Partners through a combination of full service, localized sales coverage, and an efficient loan fulfillment process supported by our fully integrated technology platform. In our Correspondent channel, we purchase closed and funded mortgages from a trusted network of 669 correspondent sellers (“Correspondent Partners”). In our Direct channel, we originate residential mortgages primarily for existing servicing customers who are seeking new financing options.
While we initiate our customer relationships at the time the mortgage is originated, we maintain ongoing connectivity with our approximately 349 thousand servicing customers, with the ultimate objective of securing them as a Customer for Life. In February 2022, we announced an agreement with ServiceMac, pursuant to which ServiceMac will subservice all mortgage loans underlying MSRs we hold. ServiceMac is expected to begin subservicing loans for us in the second quarter of 2022. Once ServiceMac begins subservicing loans for us, they will perform servicing functions on our behalf, but we will continue to hold the MSRs. We expect that our relationship with ServiceMac will allow us to maintain a leaner cost structure with a greater variable component and will provide greater flexibility when strategically selling certain non-core MSRs. The number of our servicing portfolio customers was 349 thousand and 426 thousand, while the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) was $104.4 billion and $133.9 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
According to Inside Mortgage Finance, we are the third largest wholesale lender by origination volume for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Three months ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Summary
We generated $158.2 million of total revenue, net for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $422.0 million of total revenue, net for the three months ended March 31, 2021. We generated $11.9 million of net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $149.0 million of net income for the three months ended March 31, 2021. We generated $86.8 million of Adjusted revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $324.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. We had $40.9 million of Adjusted net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $73.2 million Adjusted net income for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Refer to “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further information regarding our use of Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income, including limitations related to such non-GAAP measures and a reconciliation of such measures to net income, the nearest comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
We originated $12.6 billion of mortgage loans for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $29.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2021, representing a decrease of $16.8 billion or 57.3%. Our MSR Servicing Portfolio was $102.0 billion as of March 31, 2022 compared to $128.4 billion as of December 31, 2021. Year-over-year decreases were due to rising interest rates and increased competition in the industry. Our gain on sale margins also decreased 89 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Additionally, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association Mortgage Finance Forecast, average 30-year mortgage rates increased by approximately 90 basis points from March 31, 2021 to March 31, 2022. An increase of this nature generally results in our Origination volume declining as refinance opportunities decrease, which also increases competition, resulting in lower gain on sale margins. However, when
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rates increase, we experience lower prepayment speeds and a subsequent upward adjustment to the fair value of our MSRs for the loans that still exist in our portfolio.
Segments
Our operations are organized into two separate reportable segments: Origination and Servicing.
In our Origination segment, we source loans through three distinct production channels: Direct, Wholesale and Correspondent. The Direct channel provides the Company’s existing servicing customers with various financing options. At the same time, it supports the servicing assets in the ecosystem by retaining existing servicing customers who may otherwise refinance their existing mortgage loans with a competitor. The Wholesale channel consists of mortgages originated through a nationwide network of 8,376 Broker Partners. The Correspondent channel consists of closed and funded mortgages that we purchase from a trusted network of Correspondent Partners. Once a loan is locked, it becomes channel agnostic. The channels in our Origination segment function in unison through the following activities: hedging, funding, and production. Our Origination segment generated contribution margin of $(8.4) million and $187.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Our Servicing segment consists of servicing loans that were produced in our Originations segment where the Company retained the servicing rights. Servicing consists of collecting loan payments, remitting principal and interest payments to investors, managing escrow funds for the payment of mortgage-related expenses, such as taxes and insurance, performing loss mitigation activities on behalf of investors and otherwise administering our mortgage loan servicing portfolio in compliance with state and federal regulations. We also strategically buy and sell MSRs. Our Servicing segment generated Contribution margins of $83.2 million and $64.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
We believe that maintaining both an Origination segment and a Servicing segment provides us with a more balanced business model in both rising and declining interest rate environments, as compared to other industry participants that predominantly focus on either origination or servicing, instead of both.
Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations for Periods Presented
Residential Real Estate Market Conditions
Our Origination volume is impacted by broader residential real estate market conditions and the general economy. Housing affordability, availability and general economic conditions influence the demand for our products. Housing affordability and availability are impacted by mortgage interest rates, availability of funds to finance purchases, availability of alternative investment products and the relative relationship of supply and demand. General economic conditions are impacted by unemployment rates, changes in real wages, inflation, consumer confidence, seasonality and the overall economic environment. Recent market conditions, such as rising interest rates, high inflation and home price appreciation due to limited housing supply, have led to a decrease in the affordability index and negatively impacted Origination volume. These trends are partially offset by the effects of strong employment market with continuing wage growth.
Changes in Interest Rates
Origination volume is impacted by changes in interest rates. Decreasing interest rates tend to increase the volume of purchase loan origination and refinancing whereas increasing interest rates tend to decrease the volume of purchase loan origination and refinancing.
Changes in interest rates impact the value of interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale. Interest rate lock commitments represent an agreement to extend credit to a customer whereby the interest rate is set prior to the loan funding. These commitments bind us to fund the loan at a specified rate. When loans are funded, they are classified as held for sale until they are sold. During the origination and sale process, the value of interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale inventory fluctuates with changes in interest rates; for example, if we enter into interest rate lock commitments at low interest rates followed by an increase in interest rates in the market, the value of our interest rate lock commitment will decrease.
The fair value of MSRs is also driven primarily by interest rates, which impact the likelihood of loan prepayments. In periods of rising interest rates, the fair value of the MSRs generally increases as prepayments decrease, and therefore the estimated life of the MSRs and related expected cash flows increase. In a declining interest rate environment, the fair value of MSRs generally decreases as prepayments increase and therefore the estimated life of the MSRs, and related cash flows, decrease.
Early 2021 had a falling interest rate environment. In the second half of 2021, interest rates started to rise, which continued into early 2022. Because origination volumes tend to increase in declining interest rate environments and decrease in increasing rate environments, we believe that our two principal sources of revenue, mortgage origination and mortgage loan servicing, create a natural hedge against changes in the interest rate environment. Additionally, to mitigate the interest rate risk impact, we employ economic hedging strategies. Our economic hedging strategies allow us to protect our investment and help us manage our liquidity through forward delivery commitments on mortgage-backed securities or whole loans and options on forward contracts.
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Key Performance Indicators
We review several operating metrics, including the following key performance indicators to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. We believe these key metrics are useful to investors both because they allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision-making, and they may be used by investors to help analyze the health of our business.
Our origination metrics enable us to monitor our ability to generate revenue and expand our market share across different channels. In addition, they help us track origination quality and compare our performance against the nationwide originations market and our competitors. Other key performance indicators include the number of Broker Partners and number of Correspondent Partners, which enable us to monitor key inputs of our business model. Our servicing metrics enable us to monitor the size of our customer base, the characteristics and value of our MSR Servicing Portfolio, and help drive retention efforts.
Origination Segment KPIs
The following presents key performance indicators for our business:
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Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Origination Volume by Channel
Wholesale$9,317,701 $19,668,264 
Correspondent2,733,301 8,243,380 
Direct504,071 1,514,287 
Origination volume$12,555,073 $29,425,931 
Fallout Adjusted (“FOA”) Lock Volume by Channel
Wholesale$9,563,708 $16,139,923 
Correspondent2,610,843 6,673,059 
Direct414,570 739,796 
FOA Lock Volume$12,589,121 $23,552,778 
Gain on sale margin by Channel
Wholesale$62,586 $245,050 
Correspondent3,450 22,162 
Direct10,697 26,758 
Gain on sale margin attributable to channels
76,733 293,970 
Other (loss) gain on sale(a)
(3,969)52,653 
Total gain on sale margin(b)
$72,764 $346,623 
Gain on sale margin by Channel (bps)
Wholesale65152
Correspondent1333
Direct258362
Gain on sale margin attributable to channels
61125
Other (loss) gain on sale(a)
(3)22
Total gain on sale margin(b)
58147
Market Share
Overall share of origination market(c)
2.0 %2.2 %
Share of wholesale channel(d)
9.7 %10.4 %
Origination Volume by Purpose
Purchase44.4 %20.4 %
Refinance55.6 %79.6 %
Third Party Partners
Number of Broker Partners(e)
8,3766,023
Number of Correspondent Partners(f)
669620
(a) Includes loan fee income, interest income (expense), net, realized and unrealized gains (losses) on locks and mortgage loans held for sale, net hedging results, the provision for the representation and warranty reserve and differences between modeled and actual pull-through.
(b) Gain on sale margin calculated as gain on sale divided by Fallout Adjusted Lock volume. Gain on sale includes gain on loans, net, loan fee income, interest income (expense), net, and loan servicing fees (expense) for the Origination segment.
(c) Overall share of origination market share data for March 31, 2022 is as of December 31, 2021 obtained from Inside Mortgage Finance, a third party provider of residential mortgage industry news and statistics. The data as of March 31, 2022 is not yet available from Inside Mortgage Finance as of the date of this filing.
(d) Share of wholesale channel for March 31, 2022 is as of December 31, 2021 obtained from Inside Mortgage Finance, a third party provider of residential mortgage industry news and statistics. The data as of March 31, 2022 is not yet available from Inside Mortgage Finance as of the date of this filing.
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(e) Number of Broker Partners with whom the Company sources loans.
(f) Number of Correspondent Partners from whom the Company purchases loans.
Servicing Segment KPIs
The following presents key performance indicators for our business:
March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage Servicing
MSR Servicing Portfolio - UPB(a)
$101,984,767$105,821,372
MSR Servicing Portfolio - Units(b)
349,261396,641
60 days or more delinquent(c)
0.8 %2.7 %
MSR Portfolio
MSR multiple(d)
5.573.84
Weighted Average Note Rate (e)
3.00 %3.19 %
(a) The unpaid principal balance of loans we service on behalf of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mae and others, at period end.
(b) Number of loans in our capitalized servicing portfolio at period end.
(c) Total balances of outstanding loan principals for which installment payments are at least 60 days past due as a percentage of the outstanding loan principal as of a specified date.
(d) Calculated as the MSR fair market value as of a specified date divided by the related UPB divided by the weighted average service fee.
(e) Weighted average interest rate of our MSR portfolio at period end.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We believe that certain non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Report, including Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results. These measures are not financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for net income, or any other operating performance measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure reported by other companies.
We believe that the presentation of Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income provides useful information to investors regarding our results of operations because each measure assists both investors and management in analyzing and benchmarking the performance and value of our business. Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income provide indicators of performance that are not affected by fluctuations in certain costs or other items. Accordingly, management believes that these measurements are useful for comparing general operating performance from period to period, and management relies on these measures for planning and forecasting of future periods. The Company measures the performance of the segments primarily on a contribution margin basis. Additionally, these measures allow management to compare our results with those of other companies that have different financing and capital structures. However, other companies may define Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income differently, and as a result, our measures of Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income may not be directly comparable to those of other companies.
Adjusted revenue. We define Adjusted revenue as Total net revenue exclusive of the impact of the change in fair value of MSRs related to changes in valuation inputs and assumptions, net of MSRs hedge, and adjusted for Income from equity method investment.
Adjusted net income. We define Adjusted net income as Net income exclusive of the impact of the change in fair value of MSRs related to changes in valuation inputs and assumptions, net of MSRs economic hedging results.
The non-GAAP information presented below should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the related notes.
The following presents a reconciliation of Adjusted revenue and Adjusted net income to the nearest U.S. GAAP financial measures of Total revenue, net and Net income, as applicable:
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Reconciliation of Adjusted Revenue to Total Revenue, Net
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Total revenue, net$158,171 $421,972 
(Loss) income from equity method investment(5,272)4,163 
Change in fair value of MSR (due to inputs and assumptions), net of hedge(a)
(66,133)(102,018)
Adjusted revenue$86,766 $324,117 
Reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income to Total Net Income
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Net income$11,864 $148,969 
Change in fair value of MSR (due to inputs and assumptions), net of hedge(a)
(66,133)(102,018)
Income tax effect of change in fair value of MSR (due to inputs and assumptions), net of hedge(b)
13,323 26,230 
Adjusted net (loss) income$(40,946)$73,181 
(a)MSR fair value changes due to valuation inputs and assumptions are measured using a stochastic discounted cash flow model that includes assumptions such as prepayment speeds, delinquencies, discount rates, and effects of changes in market interest rates. Refer to Note 4 - Mortgage Servicing Rights to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report. We exclude changes in fair value of MSRs (due to inputs and assumptions), net of hedge from Adjusted revenue as they add volatility and we believe that they are not indicative of the Company’s operating performance or results of operations. This adjustment does not include changes in fair value of MSRs due to realization of cash flows. Realization of cash flows occurs when cash is collected as customers make scheduled payments, partial prepayments of principal, or pay their mortgage in full.
(b)The income tax effect of change in fair value of MSR (due to inputs and assumptions), net of hedge is calculated as the MSR valuation change, net of hedge multiplied by the quotient of Income tax expense (benefit) divided by Income (loss) before income tax.
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Results of Operations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following presents certain consolidated financial data:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Gain on loans, net$45,404 $301,228 $(255,824)(84.9 %)
Loan fee income19,904 44,115 (24,211)(54.9 %)
Interest income27,077 25,577 1,500 5.9 %
Interest expense(33,095)(32,935)(160)0.5 %
Interest expense, net(6,018)(7,358)1,340 (18.2 %)
Loan servicing fees81,064 70,338 10,726 15.2 %
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights17,183 12,848 4,335 33.7 %
Other income634 801 (167)(20.8)%
Total revenue, net158,171 421,972 (263,801)(62.5 %)
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits89,432 153,642 (64,210)(41.8 %)
Loan expense9,015 17,695 (8,680)(49.1 %)
Loan servicing expense5,746 8,093 (2,347)(29.0 %)
Production technology4,865 9,285 (4,420)(47.6 %)
General and administrative19,671 26,237 (6,566)(25.0 %)
Depreciation and amortization2,687 2,761 (74)(2.7)%
Other expenses5,296 9,336 (4,040)(43.3 %)
Total expenses136,712 227,049 (90,337)(39.8 %)
Income before income tax21,459 194,923 (173,464)(89.0 %)
Income tax expense(4,323)(50,117)45,794 (91.4 %)
(Loss) income from equity method investment(5,272)4,163 (9,435)(226.6 %)
Net income$11,864 $148,969 $(228,693)(153.5 %)
Consolidated results are further analyzed in our segment disclosure below.
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Origination Segment
The following presents certain financial data for the Origination segment:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Gain on loans, net$45,404 $301,228 $(255,824)(84.9)%
Loan fee income19,904 44,115 (24,211)(54.9)%
Interest income26,371 24,991 1,380 5.5 %
Interest expense(18,915)(23,703)4,788 (20.2)%
Interest income, net7,456 1,288 6,168 478.9 %
Total origination revenue, net72,764 346,631 (273,867)(79.0)%
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits58,395 120,578 (62,183)(51.6)%
Loan expense9,015 17,395 (8,380)(48.2)%
Loan servicing expense— 299 (299)(100.0)%
Production technology4,107 8,898 (4,791)(53.8)%
General and administrative8,287 9,848 (1,561)(15.9)%
Other expenses1,350 2,351 (1,001)(42.6)%
Total origination expenses81,154 159,369 (78,215)(49.1)%
Origination net (loss) income$(8,390)$187,262 $(195,652)(104.5)%
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Origination Revenue, net
Gain on loans, net
The following presents components of Gain on loans, net:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
FOA Lock Volume by Channel
Wholesale$9,563,708 $16,139,923
Correspondent2,610,843 6,673,059
Direct414,570 739,796
FOA Lock Volume$12,589,121 $23,552,778 
Gain on sale margin by Channel
Wholesale$62,586 $245,050 
Correspondent3,450 22,162 
Direct10,697 26,758 
Gain on sale margin attributable to channels
76,733 293,970 
Other (loss) gain on sale(a)
(3,969)52,653 
Total gain on sale margin(b)
$72,764 $346,623 
Gain on sale margin by Channel (bps)
Wholesale65 152 
Correspondent13 33 
Direct258 362 
Gain on sale margin attributable to channels
61 125 
Other (loss) gain on sale(a)
(3)22 
Total gain on sale margin(b)
58 147 
(a) Includes loan fee income, interest income (expense), net, realized and unrealized gains (losses) on locks and mortgage loans held for sale, net hedging results, the provision for the representation and warranty reserve, and differences between modeled and actual pull-through.
(b) Gain on sale margin calculated as gain on sale divided by Fallout Adjusted Lock volume. Gain on sale includes gain on loans, net, loan fee income, interest income (expense), net, and loan servicing fees (expense) for the Origination segment.
The following presents details of the characteristics of our mortgage loan production:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Origination volume$12,555,073$29,425,931
Originated MSR UPB14,062,76527,586,061
Gain on sale margin (a)
0.58%1.47%
Retained servicing (UPB)(b)
96.7%96.3%
(a) Includes loan fee income, interest income (expense), net, realized and unrealized gains (losses) on locks and mortgage loans held for sale, net hedging results, the provision for the representation and warranty reserve and differences between modeled and actual pull-through.
(b) Represents the percentage of our loan sales UPBs for which we retained the underlying servicing UPB during the period.
Gain on loans, net decreased by $255.8 million, or 84.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease of $273.9 million or 79.0% in gain on sale margin.

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We experienced a decrease in FOA lock volume and Origination volume across all of our origination channels primarily due to rising interest rates. Additionally, we saw a significant decrease in gain on sale margins due to the competitive environment during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the prior year. As mortgage interest rates rise, the origination market contracts, primarily due to a decline in refinance volume, which generally leads to increased competition and lower gain on sale margins. Our origination market share decreased from 2.2% to 2.0% and our share of the wholesale channel decreased from 10.4% to 9.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Loan fee income
Loan fee income decreased by $24.2 million, or 54.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was consistent with the decrease in Origination volume.
Interest expense, net
Interest income, net increased by $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in interest income, net was driven by a decrease in warehouse borrowing and related fees during the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 due to the decrease in origination volume. Interest income increased due to an increase in interest earned on loans held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, which was driven by the rising interest rates.
Expenses
Total expenses decreased by $78.2 million, or 49.1%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by decreases in compensation and benefits expense, loan expense, production technology expense, and general and administrative expenses.
Compensation and benefits expense decreased by $62.2 million, or 51.6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease of $26.8 million in salary and benefits due to a decrease in employee headcount and a $35.6 million decrease in variable compensation resulting from the decrease in Origination volume. Compensation and benefits expense was 0.5% of Origination volume for both the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
Loan expense decreased by $8.4 million, or 48.2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was consistent with the decrease in Origination volume.
Production technology expense decreased by $4.8 million, or 53.8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by lower variable expenses associated with the Company’s origination systems as a result of the decline in origination volume, combined with the investment the Company made in improving and upgrading the Company’s origination technologies in 2021.
General and administrative expenses decreased $1.6 million, or 15.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by decrease in outsourced loan review services due to the decline in origination volume, as well as lower expenses as a result of cost-saving initiatives implemented in the second half of 2021 and continuing during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
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Servicing Segment
The following presents certain financial data for the Servicing segment:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Loan servicing fees$81,064 $70,338 $10,726 15.2 %
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights17,183 12,848 4,335 33.7 %
Interest income706 586 120 20.5 %
Interest expense— (334)334 (100.0)%
Interest income, net706 252 454 180.2 %
Other income— 128 (128)(100.0)%
Total servicing revenue, net98,953 83,566 15,387 18.4 %
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits7,684 7,580 104 1.4 %
Loan expense— 300 (300)(100.0)%
Loan servicing expense5,746 7,794 (2,048)(26.3)%
Production technology756 388 368 94.8 %
General and administrative1,487 2,362 (875)(37.0)%
Other expenses46 298 (252)(84.6)%
Total servicing expenses15,719 18,722 (3,003)(16.0)%
Servicing net income$83,234 $64,844 $18,390 28.4 %
Servicing Revenue, Net
Loan servicing fees
The following presents certain characteristics of our mortgage loan servicing portfolio:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
MSR Servicing Portfolio (UPB)$101,984,767 $105,821,372 
Average MSR Servicing Portfolio (UPB)$115,172,187 $97,049,311 
MSR Servicing Portfolio (Loan Count)349,261 396,641 
MSRs Fair Value Multiple (x)5.57 3.84 
Delinquency Rates (%)1.2 %3.0 %
Weighted average credit score752 746 
Weighted average servicing fee, net (bps)26.2 28.4 
Loan servicing fees increased by $10.7 million, or 15.2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in servicing fees of $13.3 million due to an increase in the Average MSR Servicing Portfolio of $18.1 billion, or 18.7%, as of March 31, 2022 compared to March 31, 2021. The increase from Servicing fees was partially offset by lower ancillary servicing income primarily due to lower loan
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modification fees earned on GNMA loans as a result of the Company selling 77% of its GNMA MSR portfolio during the fourth quarter of 2021.
Change in fair value of MSRs
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Realization of cash flows$(48,950)$(89,170)
Valuation inputs and assumptions276,986 197,896 
Economic hedging results(210,854)(95,878)
Change in fair value of MSRs$17,183 $12,848 
Change in fair value of MSRs presented gains for both three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. Fair value gains increased by $4.3 million, or 33.7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by the changes in valuation inputs and assumptions net of hedge that were favorably affected by an increase in interest rates during the period. The change in fair value of MSRs was also attributable to a decrease in loss from realization of cash flows resulting from a decrease in prepayments due to higher interest rates and higher scheduled payments collected on loans in our MSR portfolio.
Expenses
Total expenses decreased by $3.0 million, or 16.0%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by decreases in loan servicing expense and general and administrative expenses.
Loan servicing expense decreased by $2.0 million, or 26.3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a $1.6 million reduction in the provision for servicing advance reserves resulting from the sale of MSRs.
General and administrative expenses decreased $0.9 million, or 37.0%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in professional services and consulting fees resulting from the Company’s cost savings initiatives.
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Corporate
The following presents certain corporate financial data:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021$ Change% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Interest expense$(14,180)$(8,898)$(5,282)59.4 %
Interest expense, net(14,180)(8,898)(5,282)59.4 %
Other income(4,638)4,836 (9,474)(195.9)%
Total corporate revenue, net(18,818)(4,062)(14,756)363.3 %
Expenses:
Compensation and benefits23,353 25,484 (2,131)(8.4)%
Production technology— N/A
General and administrative9,897 14,027 (4,130)(29.4)%
Depreciation and amortization2,687 2,761 (74)(2.7)%
Other expenses3,900 6,687 (2,787)(41.7)%
Total corporate expenses39,839 48,959 (9,120)(18.6)%
Corporate net loss$(58,657)$(53,021)$(5,636)10.6 %

Total Corporate Revenue
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net increased by $5.3 million, or 59.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in expense was driven by an increase in corporate debt interest due to issuance of the Senior Notes (as defined below) in January 2021.
Other income
Other income primarily consists of income from our equity method investment.
Expenses
Total expenses decreased by $9.1 million, or 18.6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by decreases in compensation and benefits, general and administrative, and other expenses.
Compensation and benefits expense decreased by $2.1 million, or 8.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in variable compensation resulting from the decrease in Origination volume.
General and administrative expense decreased $4.1 million, or 29.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in professional services fees of $4.6 million as a result of increased costs in 2021 associated with the Company’s IPO.
Other expenses decreased $2.8 million, or 41.7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily driven by the decline in the Company’s overall financial results.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense is recognized for the entire company rather than on a segment basis. Income tax expense decreased by $45.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in income before income tax. Our overall effective tax rate of 20.1% and 25.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of the equity investment, state incomes taxes, limitations on the tax deductibility of officers’ compensation applicable to a public entity in both periods, and non-deductible transaction costs in 2021 associated with the Company’s IPO.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources and Uses of Cash
Historically, our primary sources of liquidity have included:
Borrowings, including under our warehouse funding facilities and other secured and unsecured financing facilities
Cash flow from our operations, including:
Sale of mortgage loans held for sale
Loan origination fees
Servicing fee income
Interest income on loans held for sale, and
Cash and marketable securities on hand
Historically, our primary uses of funds have included:
Origination of loans
Payment of interest expense
Repayment of debt
Payment of operating expenses, and
Changes in margin requirements for derivative contracts
We are also subject to contingencies which may have a significant impact on the use of our cash.
Summary of Certain Indebtedness
To originate and aggregate loans for sale into the secondary market, we use our own working capital and borrow on a short-term basis primarily through committed and uncommitted mortgage warehouse lines of credit that we have established with different large global and regional banks and financial institutions. Our loan funding facilities are primarily in the form of master repurchase agreements and participation agreements. New loan originations that are financed under these facilities are generally financed at approximately 95% to 100% of the principal balance of the loan (although certain types of loans are financed at lower percentages of the principal balance of the loan).
At the time of either the funding or purchase, mortgage loans are pledged as collateral for borrowings on mortgage warehouse lines of credit. In most cases, loans will remain on one of the warehouse lines of credit facilities for only a short time, generally less than one month, until the loans are pooled and sold. During the time the loans are held for sale, we earn Interest income from the borrower on the underlying mortgage loan. This income is partially offset by the interest and fees we have to pay under the mortgage warehouse lines of credit.
When we sell a pool of loans in the secondary market, the proceeds received from the sale of the loans are used to pay back the amounts we owe on the mortgage warehouse lines of credit. We rely on the cash generated from the sale of loans to fund future loans and repay borrowings under our mortgage warehouse lines of credit. Delays or failures to sell loans in the secondary market could have an adverse effect on our liquidity position.
We held mortgage warehouse lines of credit arrangements with 11 separate financial institutions with a total maximum borrowing capacity of $6.6 billion and an unused borrowing capacity of $3.9 billion as of March 31, 2022. Refer to Note 7 - Warehouse Lines of Credit of our condensed consolidated financial statements.
We maintained a servicing advance financing facility, MSR financing facility and an operating line of credit with total combined maximum borrowing capacity of $899.7 million and unused borrowing capacity of $495.4 million as of March 31, 2022. Refer to Note 8 - Term Debt and Other Borrowings, net of our condensed consolidated financial statements.
The amount owed and outstanding on our loan funding facilities fluctuates significantly based on our Origination volume and the amount of time it takes us to sell the loans we originate.
Our debt financing agreements also contain margin call provisions that, upon notice from the applicable lender at its option, require us to transfer cash or, in some instances, additional assets in an amount sufficient to eliminate any margin deficit. A margin deficit generally will result from any decline in the market value (as determined by the applicable lender) of the assets subject to the related financing agreement relative to the available financing and offsetting hedges. Upon notice from the applicable lender, we generally will be required to satisfy the margin call on the day of such notice or the following business day.
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The warehouse facilities and other lines of credit require maintenance of certain operating and financial covenants, and the availability of funds under these facilities is subject to, among other conditions, our continued compliance with these covenants. These financial covenants include, but are not limited to, maintaining a certain minimum tangible net worth, minimum liquidity, minimum profitability levels, and ratio of indebtedness to tangible net worth, among others. A breach of these covenants can result in an event of default under these facilities following which the lenders would be able to pursue certain remedies against us. In addition, each of these facilities includes cross-default or cross-acceleration provisions that could result in all facilities terminating if an event of default or acceleration of maturity occurs under any facility.
In January, 2021, the Company issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.0% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Senior Notes”) in a private placement transaction. The Senior Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries existing on the date of issuance, other than HPAM and HPMAC. The Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.0% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears. The Senior Notes will mature on February 1, 2026.
The Indenture governing the Senior Notes (the “Indenture”) contains covenants and restrictions that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to (i) incur certain additional debt or issue certain preferred shares; (ii) incur liens; (iii) make certain distributions, investments, and other restricted payments; (iv) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and (v) merge or consolidate or sell, transfer, lease, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their assets. The Indenture governing the Senior Notes does not include any financial maintenance covenants. Refer to Note 8 - Term Debt and Other Borrowings, net of our condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the indenture and our warehouse facilities and other lines of credit as of March 31, 2022.
The Company may, at any time and from time to time, seek to retire or purchase the Company’s outstanding Senior Notes through cash purchases in the form of open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as the Company may determine, and will depend on prevailing market conditions, the Company’s liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.
Summary of Mortgage Loan Participation Agreement
In November, 2021, we entered into a Mortgage Loan Participation Sale Agreement (the “Gestation Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as purchaser (the “Gestation Purchaser”). Subject to compliance with the terms and conditions of the Gestation Agreement, including the affirmative and negative covenants contained therein, the Gestation Agreement permits the Gestation Purchaser to purchase from us from time to time during the term of the Gestation Agreement participation certificates evidencing a 100% undivided beneficial ownership interest in designated pools of fully amortizing first lien residential mortgage loans that are intended to ultimately be included in MBS issued or guaranteed, as applicable, by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae.
The aggregate purchase price of participation certificates owned by the Gestation Purchaser at any given time for which the Gestation Purchaser has not been paid the purchase price for the related MBS by the applicable takeout investor as specified in the applicable takeout commitment cannot exceed $1.5 billion. Unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms, the Gestation Agreement expires on November 2, 2022.
The Gestation Agreement and certain ancillary agreements thereto contain various financial and non-financial covenants, including financial covenants relating to the maintenance of tangible net worth, liquidity, and a ratio of total indebtedness to tangible net worth. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2022.
Cash Flows
The following presents the summary of the Company’s cash flows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities$1,896,026 $(1,906,555)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities379,774 (8,895)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(2,285,859)1,979,705 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(10,059)64,255 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$197,731 $261,148 
Our Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as of March 31, 2022 decreased by $63.4 million from March 31, 2021.
Operating Activities
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Our Cash flows from operating activities are primarily influenced by changes in the levels of our inventory of loans held for sale as shown below:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Cash flows from:(dollars in thousands)
Mortgage loans held for sale $1,765,392 $(2,054,364)
Gain on loans, net(45,404)(301,228)
(Increase) decrease in fair value of derivative assets(99,076)147,414 
Other operating sources275,114 301,623 
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities$1,896,026 $(1,906,555)
Cash provided by operating activities increased by $3,802.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the cash used for operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase provided by operating activities is primarily driven by decrease in the level of inventory of loans held for sale as a result of a decrease in Origination volume for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Investing Activities
Cash provided by investing activities increased by $388.7 million primarily due to proceeds from sale of MSRs of $390.5 million, partially offset by an increase in the purchase of MSRs of $8.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Financing Activities
Our Cash flows from financing activities are primarily influenced by changes in Warehouse borrowings as shown below:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Cash flows from:(dollars in thousands)
Warehouse borrowings, net$(1,993,726)$1,842,017 
Distributions to parent, net— (294,897)
Other financing sources(292,133)432,585 
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities$(2,285,859)$1,979,705 
Cash used for financing activities increased for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in use was primarily driven by decrease in proceeds, net of payments, on warehouse borrowings due to a decrease in Origination volume.
Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments
For a discussion of our contractual obligations, refer to “Part II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments” in our 2021 Annual Report. There have not been any material changes to our contractual obligations since December 31, 2021.
Repurchase and Indemnification Obligations
In the ordinary course of business, we are exposed to liability with respect to certain representations and warranties that we make to the investors who purchase the loans that we originate. Under certain circumstances, we may be required to repurchase mortgage loans, or indemnify the purchaser of such loans for losses incurred, if there has been a breach of these representations and warranties, or in the case of early payment defaults. In addition, in the event of an early payment default, we are contractually obligated to refund certain premiums paid to us by the investors who purchased the related loan. Refer to Note 11 - Representation and Warranty Reserve to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective
Refer to Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Pronouncements to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting developments and the expected effect on the Company.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide information for this item.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management's Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the appropriate time periods, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure. We, under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2022.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
For a discussion of our “Legal Proceedings,” refer to Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We have disclosed the risk factors affecting our business, financial condition and operating results in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our 2021 Annual Report. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
None.
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
The following table summarizes the Company’s common stock repurchase activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
ISSUER REPURCHASES OF COMMON STOCK
PeriodTotal Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs(a)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Programs(a)
January 1, 2022 - January 31, 2022— $— — $8,000,000 
February 1, 2022 - February 28, 2022— — — 8,000,000 
March 1, 2022 - March 31, 2022461,690 3.26 461,690 6,496,268 
Total for the three months ended March 31, 2022461,690 $3.26 461,690 $6,496,268 
(a) On February 24, 2022, we announced a stock repurchase program whereby we may repurchase up to a total of $8.0 million of our issued and outstanding common stock from time to time until the program’s expiration on December 31, 2022 on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing and amount of stock repurchases, if any, will depend on price, market conditions, applicable regulatory requirements, and other factors. Repurchases under the stock repurchase program may also be made from time to time pursuant to one or more plans adopted under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. The program does not require us to repurchase any specific number of shares, and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. Shares repurchased under the program are subsequently retired.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit NumberDescription
3.1
3.2
10.1
10.1.1+
10.2+
10.3
10.3.1*
10.4
10.4.1*++
10.5+
10.5.1*+
10.6+
10.7+
10.7.1*+
10.8*+
10.9*++
31.1*
31.2*
32.1*
101.INS*Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
101.SCH*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
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Exhibit NumberDescription
101.CAL*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
*    Filed herewith.
+    Certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K. The Company agrees to furnish supplementally an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request.
++    Certain schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of such schedules and exhibits to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request.
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this Report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

HOME POINT CAPITAL INC.
Dated: May 12, 2022By:/s/ William A. Newman
Name:William A. Newman
Title:President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: May 12, 2022By:/s/ Mark E. Elbaum
Name: Mark E. Elbaum
Title:Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)


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