HYDROFARM HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. - Quarter Report: 2021 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-39773

Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						81-4895761
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

270 Canal Road

Fairless Hills, Pennsylvania 19030

(707) 765-9990

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share

HYFM

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 2, 2021, the registrant had 44,519,302 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

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		Page
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	43
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	45

Part II - Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	46
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	46
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	46
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	46
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	46
Item 5.	Other Information	46
Item 6.	Exhibits	47
	Signatures	48

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than statements of historical fact, including statements concerning our business strategy and plans, future operating results and financial position, as well as our objectives and expectations for our future operations, are forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by such terminology as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “plan,” “expect” and similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

•general economic and financial conditions, specifically in the U.S. and Canada;

•the adverse effects of public health epidemics, including the recent COVID-19 outbreak, on our business, results of operations and financial condition;

•federal and state legislation and regulations pertaining to the use and cultivation of cannabis in the U.S., and such laws and regulations in Canada;

•the costs of being a public company;

•our ability to keep pace with technological advances;

•our ability to successfully identify appropriate acquisition targets, successfully acquire identified targets or successfully integrate the business of acquired companies;

•the success of our marketing activities;

•a disruption of breach of our information technology systems;

•our current level of indebtedness;

•our dependence on third parties;

•the performance of third parties on which we depend;

•the fluctuation in the prices of the products we distribute;

•competitive industry pressures;

•the consolidation of our industry;

• compliance with environmental, health and safety laws;

•our ability to protect and defend against litigation, including claims related to intellectual property and proprietary rights;

•product shortages and relationships with key suppliers;

•the conditions impacting our customers, including related crop prices and other factors impacting growers;

•our ability to attract key employees;

•the volatility of the price of our common stock;

•the marketability of our common stock; and

•other risks and uncertainties, including those listed in “Risk Factors.”

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We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, prospects, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. We disclaim any intention or obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements for any reason or to conform such statements to actual results or revised expectations, except as required by law.

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,679	$	75,178
Restricted cash	1,777		1,777
Accounts receivable, net	35,338		21,626
Inventories	163,354		88,618
Notes receivable	311		3,151
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,000		9,567
Total current assets	222,459		199,917
Property and equipment, net	26,652		3,988
Operating lease right-of-use assets	30,007		18,289
Goodwill	297,525		—
Intangible assets, net	199,014		52,421
Other assets	7,379		1,180
Total assets	$	783,036	$	275,795
Liabilities, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	31,211	$	22,638
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	54,048		21,615
Current portion of lease liabilities	6,097		3,701
Current portion of long-term debt	27,213		746
Total current liabilities	118,569		48,700
Long-term lease liabilities	24,962		15,320
Long-term debt	467		290
Deferred tax liabilities	3,185		—
Other long-term liabilities	811		567
Total liabilities	147,994		64,877
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Convertible preferred stock ($0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020)	—		—
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock ($0.0001 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 44,099,239 and 33,499,953 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)	4		3
Additional paid-in capital	765,946		364,248
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(1,438)		599
Accumulated deficit	(129,470)		(153,932)
Total stockholders’ equity	635,042		210,918
Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity	$	783,036	$	275,795

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	$	123,822	$	96,658	$	369,011	$	254,763
Cost of goods sold	93,833		78,473		286,209		207,139
Gross profit	29,989		18,185		82,802		47,624
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	32,149		12,524		76,233		37,084
Impairment, restructuring and other	246		184		262		276
(Loss) income from operations	(2,406)		5,477		6,307		10,264
Interest expense	(132)		(2,549)		(276)		(7,858)
Loss on debt extinguishment	—		—		(680)		—
Other (expense) income, net	(41)		(223)		86		103
(Loss) income before tax	(2,579)		2,705		5,437		2,509
Income tax benefit (expense)	19,844		(54)		19,025		(384)
Net income	17,265		2,651		24,462		2,125
Cumulative dividends allocated to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—		(682)		—		(1,990)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	17,265	$	1,969	$	24,462	$	135


Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic	$	0.39	$	0.09	$	0.64	$	0.01
Diluted	$	0.37	$	0.08	$	0.58	$	0.01
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	43,760,975		20,688,439		38,497,925		20,688,439
Diluted	46,288,075		21,111,975		42,494,624		20,892,507

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net income	17,265		2,651		$	24,462	$	2,125
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain	(2,640)		389		(2,037)		(246)
Total comprehensive income	$	14,625	$	3,040	$	22,425	$	1,879

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except for share amounts)


	Convertible Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
Balance, June 30, 2020	7,725,045	$	26,902	20,688,439	$	2	$	155,036	$	(779)	$	(147,185)	$	7,074
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		245		—		—		245
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock cumulative dividend	—	682		—	—		(682)		—		—		(682)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		—		2,651		2,651
Foreign currency translation gain	—	—		—	—		—		389		—		389
Balance, September 30, 2020	7,725,045	$	27,584	20,688,439	$	2	$	154,599	$	(390)	$	(144,534)	$	9,677
Balance, June 30, 2021	—	$	—	41,296,585	$	4	$	707,690	$	1,202	$	(146,735)	$	562,161
Common stock issued upon exercise of options	—	—		23,464	—		198		—		—		198
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units	—	—		287,236	—		—		—		—		—
Shares repurchased for withholding tax on restricted stock units	—	—		(57,709)	—		(2,984)		—		—		(2,984)
Issuance of common stock under cashless warrant exercise	—	—		77,047	—		—		—		—		—
Issuance of common stock under investor warrant exercise	—	—		2,016,117	—		33,992		—		—		33,992
Issuance of common stock in connection with business combination	—	—		456,499	—		25,824		—		—		25,824
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		1,226		—		—		1,226
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		—		17,265		17,265
Foreign currency translation loss	—	—		—	—		—		(2,640)		—		(2,640)
Balance, September 30, 2021	—	$	—	44,099,239	$	4	$	765,946	$	(1,438)	$	(129,470)	$	635,042

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except for share amounts)


	Convertible Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
Balance, January 1, 2020	7,007,429	$	21,802	20,688,439	$	2	$	156,179	$	(144)	$	(146,659)	$	9,378
Proceeds from issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs of $169	717,616	2,342		—	—		—		—		—		—
Collection of receivable for issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—	1,450		—	—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		410		—		—		410
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock cumulative dividend	—	1,990		—	—		(1,990)		—		—		(1,990)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		—		2,125		2,125
Foreign currency translation loss	—	—		—	—		—		(246)		—		(246)
Balance, September 30, 2020	7,725,045	$	27,584	20,688,439	$	2	$	154,599	$	(390)	$	(144,534)	$	9,677
Balance, January 1, 2021	—	$	—	33,499,953	$	3	$	364,248	$	599	$	(153,932)	$	210,918
Common stock issued upon exercise of options	—	—		125,411	—		1,057		—		—		1,057
Issuance of common stock for vesting of restricted stock units	—	—		652,983	—		—		—		—		—
Shares repurchased for withholding tax on restricted stock units	—	—		(204,369)	—		(11,805)		—		—		(11,805)
Issuance of common stock under cashless warrant exercise	—	—		418,309	—		—		—		—		—
Issuance of common stock under investor warrant exercise	—	—		3,367,647	—		56,779		—		—		56,779
Issuance of common stock in connection with follow-on public offering, net of offering costs of $16,303	—	—		5,526,861	1		309,781		—		—		309,782
Issuance of common stock in connection with business combination	—	—		712,444	—		42,560		—		—		42,560
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		—	—		3,326		—		—		3,326
Net income					—		—		—		24,462		24,462
Foreign currency translation loss	—	—		—	—		—		(2,037)		—		(2,037)
Balance, September 30, 2021	—	$	—	44,099,239	$	4	$	765,946	$	(1,438)	$	(129,470)	$	635,042

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Operating activities
Net income	$	24,462	$	2,125
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	8,638		5,170
Stock-based compensation expense	3,326		410
Non-cash operating lease expense	3,678		2,538
Deferred income tax benefit	(21,252)		—
Amortization of inventory step-up of basis	2,034		—
Other	1,361		601
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(1,740)		(7,694)
Inventories	(53,106)		(29,730)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,350		(3,650)
Other assets	(2,567)		14
Accounts payable	1,828		18,145
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	16,505		7,166
Lease liabilities	(3,118)		(2,379)
Other long-term liabilities	91		(493)
Net cash used in operating activities	(17,510)		(7,777)
Investing activities
Business Combinations, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired	(415,918)		—
Purchases of property and equipment	(3,069)		(700)
Proceeds from notes receivable	—		2,000
Other	(420)		28
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(419,407)		1,328
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon follow-on public offering, net of offering costs	309,781		—
Proceeds from exercises of investor warrants	56,779		—
Payment of withholding tax related to restricted stock units	(17,894)		—
Proceeds from issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs	—		3,792
Borrowings from PPP Loan	—		3,274
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities	96,970		213,621
Repayments of long-term debt and revolving credit facilities	(70,680)		(213,709)
Other	(509)		(570)
Net cash provided by financing activities	374,447		6,408
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(29)		39
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(62,499)		(2)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	76,955		32,857
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	14,456	$	32,855

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS

Description of the business

Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) was formed in May 2017 under the laws of the state of Delaware to acquire and continue the business of Hydrofarm, LLC established in 1977. The Company is a leading distributor and manufacturer of controlled environment agriculture (“CEA”, principally hydroponics) equipment and supplies, including a broad portfolio of proprietary branded products. Products offered include agricultural lighting devices, indoor climate control equipment, hydroponics and nutrients, and plant additives used to grow, farm and cultivate cannabis, flowers, fruits, plants, vegetables, grains and herbs in controlled environment settings that allow end users to control key farming variables including temperature, humidity, CO2, light intensity and color, nutrient concentration and pH.

Follow-on public offering

On May 3, 2021, the Company closed its follow-on public offering ("follow-on offering") under a registration statement effective April 28, 2021, in which it issued and sold 5,526,861 shares of its common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase 720,894 additional shares of common stock. The public offering price was $59.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $309.8 million from the follow-on offering after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

Initial public offering

On December 14, 2020, the Company closed its initial public offering (“IPO”) under a registration statement effective December 9, 2020, in which it issued and sold 9,966,667 shares of its common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase 1,300,000 additional shares of common stock. The public offering price was $20.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $182.3 million from the IPO after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial information. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, or for any other interim period or for any other future year. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company, which is included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K ("2020 Annual Report"). These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the 2020 Annual Report.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Use of estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Significant estimates include provisions for sales returns, rebates and claims from customers, realization of accounts receivable and inventories, fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations, valuation of intangible assets and goodwill, incremental borrowing rate applied in lease accounting, valuation of stock-based compensation, recognition of deferred income taxes, recognition of liabilities related to commitments and contingencies and valuation allowances. Actual results may differ from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews its estimates to ensure that these estimates appropriately reflect changes in its business or new information available.

Business combinations

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition date fair values of the assets transferred, liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition related costs are recognized in net income (loss) as incurred.

When the consideration transferred in a business combination includes assets or liabilities resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Contingent consideration is established for business acquisitions where the Company has the obligation to transfer additional assets or equity interests to the former owners if specified future events occur or conditions are met. Contingent consideration is classified as a liability when the obligation requires settlement in cash or other assets and is classified as equity when the obligation requires settlement in the Company's own equity instruments. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the measurement period (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. All other subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration classified as an asset or liability are included in net income (loss) in the period. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration classified as equity are not recognized.

For a given acquisition, the Company may identify certain pre-acquisition contingencies as of the acquisition date and may extend its review and evaluation of these pre-acquisition contingencies throughout the measurement period in order to obtain sufficient information to assess these contingencies as part of acquisition accounting, as applicable.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non‑controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquire (if any) over the net of the acquisition‑date fair value amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Company reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period, or additional assets or liabilities are recognized, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognized at that time. Upon conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to net income (loss).

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Segment and entity-wide information

Segment information

The Company's chief operating decision maker is the chief executive officer ("CEO") who reviews financial information for the purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources.

The business is organized as two operating segments, the U.S. and Canada, which meet the criteria for aggregation, and the Company has elected to present them as one reportable segment, which is the distribution and manufacture of CEA equipment and supplies. Aggregation is based on similarities which include the nature of its products, production or acquisition of inventory, customer base, fulfillment and distribution and economic characteristics.

Since the Company operates as one reportable segment, all required segment financial information is found in the condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes with entity-wide disclosures presented below.

Entity-wide information

Sales to external customers and property and equipment, net in the United States and Canada, determined by the location of the subsidiaries, were as follows:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
United States	$	104,623	$	83,415	$	306,651	$	212,706
Canada	21,268		13,967		67,364		44,352
Intersegment eliminations	(2,069)		(724)		(5,004)		(2,295)
Total consolidated net sales	$	123,822	$	96,658	$	369,011	$	254,763


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
United States	$	20,400	$	3,272
Canada	6,252		716
Total property and equipment, net	$	26,652	$	3,988

All of the products sold by the Company are similar and classified as CEA equipment and supplies. The Company’s underlying accounting records currently do not support presentation of disaggregated net sales and any attempt to report them would be impracticable.

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the consolidated statements of cash flows.


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,679	$	75,178
Restricted cash	1,777		1,777
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	14,456	$	76,955

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2020 were $31,078 and $1,777, respectively, for total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2020 of $32,855.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Revenue recognition

The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) which requires that revenue recognized from contracts with customers be disaggregated into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The Company has determined that revenue is generated from one category, which is the distribution and manufacture of controlled environment agriculture equipment and supplies. Inventory is maintained in regional distribution centers. Payment terms are primarily at the point of sale or due within thirty days.

The amount billed to customers for shipping and handling costs included in net sales was $2,242 and $5,170 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and $1,131 and $3,475 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. Shipping and handling costs that occur before the customer obtains control of the goods are deemed to be fulfillment activities and are accounted for as fulfillment costs included in cost of goods sold under the practical expedient provisions of ASC 606. Deferred revenues are not material. The Company does not receive noncash consideration for the sale of goods. There are no significant financing components. Excluded from revenue are any taxes assessed by governmental authorities, including value-added and other sales-related taxes that are imposed on and concurrent with revenue-generating activities under the practical expedient provisions.

Income taxes—interim tax provision

The income tax provision is calculated for an interim period by distinguishing between elements recognized in the income tax provision through applying an estimated annual effective tax rate (the “ETR”) to a measure of year-to-date operating results referred to as “ordinary income (or loss),” and discretely recognizing specific events referred to as “discrete items” as they occur. The income tax provision or benefit for each interim period is the difference between the year-to-date amount for the current period and the year-to-date amount for the prior period. Under FASB ASC 740-270-30-36, entities subject to income taxes in multiple jurisdictions should apply one overall ETR instead of separate ETRs for each jurisdiction when calculating the interim-period income tax or benefit related to consolidated ordinary income (or loss) for the year-to-date interim period, except in certain circumstances.

The Company recorded a tax benefit of $19,844 and $19,025 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 differ from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily as a result of a reduction in the valuation allowance recorded against the Company's net deferred tax assets. In connection with the acquisition of shares of the H&G Entities (as defined below), the Company recorded a net deferred tax liability which provides an additional source of taxable income to support the realization of the pre-existing deferred tax assets (see Note 3 - Business Combinations). As a result, a portion of the Company's valuation allowance was released and the Company recorded a $21,252 tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The tax benefit is partially offset by income taxes from certain foreign jurisdictions where the Company conducts business and state minimum income taxes in the United States.

The Company recorded a tax expense of $54 and $384 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 differ from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily as a result of reducing valuation allowances on the Company's deferred tax assets related to net operating loss carryforwards. The tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to foreign and state income tax expense.

Fair value

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company has applied the framework for measuring fair value which requires a fair value hierarchy to be applied to all fair value measurements. All financial instruments recognized at fair value are classified into one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Level 1 — Valuation based on quoted prices (unadjusted) observed in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Level 2 — Valuation techniques based on inputs that are quoted prices of similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices used in a valuation model that are observable for that instrument; and inputs that are derived from or, corroborated by, observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques with significant unobservable market inputs.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short-term maturities using level 2 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration is classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy (See discussion of contingent consideration in Note 3 - Business Combinations).

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

Adopted in 2021

In October 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2020-10, Codification Improvements. The amendments improve the codification by having all disclosure-related guidance available in the disclosure sections of the codification. Prior to this ASU, various disclosure requirements or options to present information on the face of the financial statements or as a note to the financial statements were not included in the appropriate disclosure sections of the codification. The codification improvements also contain various other minor amendments to the codification that are not expected to have a significant effect on current accounting practice. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the standard effective January 1, 2021 with no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity's Own Equity. This ASU simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. This ASU is part of the FASB’s simplification initiative, which aims to reduce unnecessary complexity in U.S. GAAP. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the standard effective January 1, 2021 with no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting standards not yet effective

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), with additional amendments issued subsequently. Topic 326 changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method, which will generally result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. Topic 326 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of Topic 326 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Heavy 16 Acquisition

On May 3, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Field 16, LLC ("Heavy 16"), a manufacturer and supplier of branded plant nutritional products. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is broadening its proprietary branded offering into the plant nutrients category complementing other product offerings. The acquisition fair value of the consideration transferred for Heavy 16 was $77,367, consisting of $60,287 in cash, $16,736 of the Company's common stock and $344 contingent consideration. The fair value of the common stock issued was determined based on the closing market price of the Company's common stock on the acquisition date. The financial results of Heavy 16 are included in the U.S. operating segment since the acquisition date.

Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company may pay up to an additional $2,500 of contingent consideration based on $200 for each $1,000 above a $21,000 threshold for net sales in calendar year 2021. As a result, the Company recorded a liability for contingent consideration at its estimated fair value of $344 as of the acquisition date in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contingent consideration was estimated using a Black-Scholes valuation model, which utilized Level 3 inputs as defined in ASC 820 - Fair Value Measurements, including estimated financial forecasts. The key assumptions in applying the valuation model were as follows: a 10% required revenue metric risk premium and 0.33% discount periods. The contingent consideration was divided into thirteen standalone option calculations and utilized the same expected value of revenue which was calculated by discounting forecasted sales, by the revenue return metric, and adding year-to-date net sales.

The contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency is resolved with changes in fair value being recognized within selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2021, the related contingent consideration was $218.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The following table sets forth the components and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for the Company's acquisition of Heavy 16:


Components of Purchase Price:	Amount
Cash	$	60,287
Common stock	16,736
Contingent consideration	344
Total purchase price	$	77,367

Acquisition-related costs	$	2,865

Allocation of Purchase Price:
Identifiable assets (liabilities)
Accounts receivable, net	$	510
Inventories	1,451
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	34
Property and equipment, net	1,078
Operating lease right-of-use assets	1,088
Other assets	25
Accounts payable	(1,055)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(226)
Current portion of lease liabilities	(274)
Long-term lease liabilities	(868)
Net identifiable assets	1,763
Identifiable intangible assets
Backlog	200
Customer relationships	5,100
Trademarks and trade names	18,500
Technology and formulations & recipes	33,600
Total identifiable intangible assets	57,400
Goodwill	18,204
Total purchase price allocation	$	77,367

Goodwill arose on the acquisition of Heavy 16 because the consideration paid for the combination effectively included amounts in relation to the benefit of expected synergies, revenue growth, future market development and the assembled workforce. These benefits are not recognized separately from goodwill and they do not meet the recognition criteria for identifiable intangible assets. The amount of goodwill is fully deductible for tax purposes.

The customer relationships and technology and formulations & recipes were assigned estimated useful lives of 18 years. Amounts recognized as of the acquisition date are provisional and subject to change within the measurement period as the Company's fair value assessments are finalized.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

House & Garden Acquisition

On June 1, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of House & Garden, Inc. (“HG”), Humboldt Wholesale, Inc. (“HW”), Allied Imports & Logistics, Inc. (“Allied”), South Coast Horticultural Supply, Inc. (“SC” and, together with HG, HW and Allied, the “H&G Entities”), a manufacturer and distributor of plant nutrients and fertilizers to domestic and various international markets. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is further broadening its proprietary branded offering into the plant nutrients category complementing other product offerings. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for the H&G Entities was $135,041 in cash. The financial results of the H&G Entities are included in the U.S. operating segment since the acquisition date.

The following table sets forth the components and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for the Company's acquisition of the H&G Entities:


Component of Purchase Price:	Amount
Cash	$	135,041
Total purchase price	$	135,041

Acquisition-related costs	$	6,527

Allocation of Purchase Price:
Identifiable assets (liabilities)
Accounts receivable, net	$	3,308
Inventories	6,559
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	493
Property and equipment, net	358
Operating lease right-of-use assets	1,921
Other assets	213
Accounts payable	(1,320)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(481)
Current portion of lease liabilities	(447)
Deferred taxes	(24,438)
Long-term lease liabilities	(1,501)
Net identifiable assets	(15,335)
Identifiable intangible assets
Backlog	200
Customer relationships	11,600
Trademarks and trade names	29,100
Technology and formulations & recipes	53,600
Total identifiable intangible assets	94,500
Goodwill	55,876
Total purchase price allocation	$	135,041

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Goodwill arose on the acquisition of the H&G Entities because the consideration paid for the combination effectively included amounts in relation to the benefit of expected synergies, revenue growth, future market development and the assembled workforce. These benefits are not recognized separately from goodwill and they do not meet the recognition criteria for identifiable intangible assets. The amount of goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

As part of the share acquisition of the H&G Entities, the Company allocated a significant value of the acquisition to identified intangible assets that are not deductible for tax purposes. Therefore, a deferred tax liability arose providing an additional source of taxable income to support the realization of pre-existing deferred tax assets.

Aurora Acquisition

On July 1, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Gotham Properties LLC (“Gotham Properties”), Aurora Innovations LLC (“Aurora Innovations”), Aurora International LLC (“Aurora International” and, together with Gotham Properties and Aurora Innovations, “Aurora”), a manufacturer of plant fertility product lines. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is further broadening its proprietary branded offering into the plant nutrients and grow media category complementing other product offerings. The preliminary acquisition fair value of the consideration transferred for Aurora was $180,280, consisting of $135,371 in cash, $25,824 of the Company's common stock, $19,300 contingent consideration less $215 forgiveness of accounts payable. The fair value of the common stock issued was determined based on the closing market price of the Company's common stock on the acquisition date. The forgiveness of accounts payable represents an effective settlement of a preexisting relationship between the parties. The financial results of Aurora are included in the U.S. operating segment since the acquisition date.

Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company may pay a maximum contingent consideration equal to $70,997. To the extent 2021 EBITDA of Aurora exceeds $15,556, the excess is multiplied by eleven to determine contingent consideration. As a result, the Company recorded a liability for contingent consideration at its estimated fair value of $19,300 as of the acquisition date in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contingent consideration was estimated using the discounted cash flow method, which estimated the incremental EBITDA based on the Company's forecasted 2021 EBITDA of Aurora as of the acquisition date, discounted to a present value as of the acquisition date using a discount rate of 15%. That measure is based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market, which ASC 820 - Fair Value Measurements refers to as a Level 3 input.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The following table sets forth the components and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for the Company's acquisition of Aurora:


Components of Purchase Price:	Amount
Cash	$	135,371
Common stock	25,824
Contingent consideration	19,300
Forgiveness of accounts payable	(215)
Total purchase price	$	180,280

Acquisition-related costs	$	6,063

Allocation of Purchase Price:
Identifiable assets (liabilities)
Accounts receivable, net	$	6,967
Inventories	9,823
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,086
Property and equipment, net	18,619
Accounts payable	(4,279)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(782)
Other long-term liabilities	(664)
Net identifiable assets	$	30,770
Identifiable intangible assets
Other intangible assets	5
Total identifiable intangible assets	5
Goodwill	149,505
Total purchase price allocation	$	180,280

The Company is in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain tangible and intangible assets, including asset retirement obligations; thus, the provisional measurement of goodwill is subject to change. The amount of goodwill is fully deductible for tax purposes.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Greenstar/Grotek Acquisition

On August 3, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Greenstar Plant Products Inc., (“Greenstar”), a manufacturer of horticultural products and solutions for global, domestic and commercial use. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is further broadening its proprietary branded offering into the plant nutrients and grow media category complementing other product offerings. The preliminary acquisition fair value of the consideration transferred for Greenstar was $83,618, consisting of $85,219 in cash, less $1,601 forgiveness of accounts payable, net, and obligations due under a distribution agreement. The forgiveness of accounts payable, net, and obligations due under a distribution agreement represent an effective settlement of a preexisting relationship between the parties. The financial results of Greenstar are included in the Canada operating segment since the acquisition date.

The following table sets forth the components and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for the Company's acquisition of Greenstar:


Components of Purchase Price:	Amount
Cash	$	85,219
Forgiveness of accounts payable, net, and obligations due under a distribution agreement	(1,601)
Total purchase price	$	83,618

Acquisition-related costs	$	2,946

Allocation of Purchase Price:
Identifiable assets (liabilities)
Accounts receivable, net	$	982
Inventories	7,089
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	447
Property and equipment, net	1,324
Operating lease right-of-use assets	2,393
Other assets	231
Accounts payable	(777)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(1,436)
Current portion of lease liabilities	(624)
Long-term lease liabilities	(1,836)
Net identifiable assets	7,793
Identifiable intangible assets
Other intangible assets	247
Total identifiable intangible assets	247
Goodwill	75,578
Total purchase price allocation	$	83,618

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The Company is in the process of obtaining third-party valuations of certain intangible assets; thus, the provisional measurement of goodwill is subject to change. The amount of goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

Supplemental Disclosure Of Financial Results

The following represents the condensed consolidated statements of operations as if the acquisitions had been included in the consolidated results of the Company for the entire periods presented below. Management considers these estimates to represent an approximate measure of the performance of the combined Company (in millions):


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	$	124	$	128	$	443	$	340
Net income	$	26	$	14	$	71	$	7

These amounts have been calculated after applying the Company's accounting policies and adjusting the results of the acquisitions to reflect the additional amortization of intangibles and the purchase price adjustments as if they had been applied on January 1, 2020. The supplemental net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 were adjusted to exclude the acquisition-related costs incurred in connection with the acquisitions. Accordingly, the 2020 supplemental net income was adjusted to include these charges. For the tax effects of the net income adjustments, the Company factored in its net operating loss carryforwards.

Since the acquisition date, the estimated net sales and net income of these acquisitions are as follows (in millions):


	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2021
Net sales	$	31	$	40
Net income	$	9	$	13

The Company is in the process of vertically integrating the operations of these acquisitions into Hydrofarm, LLC and its subsidiaries and their existing functions (e.g., sales, supply chain, marketing, etc.). Accordingly, the net sales and net income of these acquisitions represent an approximation.

Innovative Growers Equipment, Inc. Acquisition

On November 1, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Innovative Growers Equipment, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“IGE”), Innovative AG Installation, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“IAG”), Innovative Racking Systems, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“IRS”), and Innovative Shipping Solutions, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“ISS” and, together with IGE, IAG, IRS, and their respective subsidiaries, the “IGE Entities”), a manufacturer of horticulture benches, racking and LED lighting systems which complement the Company’s existing lineup of high performance, proprietary branded products. The purchase price, which is subject to customary adjustments for closing cash and working capital, was approximately $58 million and was comprised of approximately $46.4 million in cash and $11.6 million in the Company's common stock.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

4. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

As of September 30, 2021, the Company completed the acquisitions of Heavy 16, the H&G Entities, Aurora, and Greenstar (see Note 3 - Business Combinations).

Goodwill

The changes in goodwill are as follows:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Balance, beginning of period	$	—	$	—
Acquisition - Heavy 16	18,204		—
Acquisition - H&G Entities	55,876		—
Acquisition - Aurora	149,505		—
Acquisition - Greenstar	75,578		—
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net	(1,638)		—
Balance, end of period	$	297,525	$	—

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net comprised the following:


	September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Computer software	$	8,592	$	(6,787)	$	1,805	$	7,775	$	(5,640)	$	2,135
Customer relationship (1)	76,076		(14,818)		61,258		59,375		(12,010)		47,365
Technology and formulations & recipes (1)	87,200		(1,770)		85,430		—		—		—
Other (1)	1,558		(1,558)		—		1,156		(1,156)		—
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	173,426		(24,933)		148,493		68,306		(18,806)		49,500
Indefinite-lived intangible asset:
Trade names (1)	50,401		—		50,401		2,801		—		2,801
Other	120		—		120		120		—		120
Total Intangible assets, net	$	223,947	$	(24,933)	$	199,014	$	71,227	$	(18,806)	$	52,421

(1) Includes the intangible assets acquired from Heavy 16 and the H&G Entities (See Note 3 - Business Combinations)

Amortization expense was $3,197 and $1,162 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense was $6,169 and $3,886 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

For intangible assets subject to amortization, the weighted-average amortization period as of September 30, 2021 for computer software, customer relationships, and technology and formulations & recipes was 5.0 years, 18.0 years, and 18.0 years, respectively.

The estimated aggregate future amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization as September 30, 2021 is summarized below:


	Estimated Future Amortization Expense
For the period of October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021	$	2,725
Year ending December 31,
2022	9,865
2023	9,299
2024	9,239
2025	9,173
Thereafter	108,192
Total	$	148,493

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

5. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE (“EPS”)

Basic EPS is computed using net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period, excluding unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”).

Diluted EPS represents net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including common stock equivalents. Common stock equivalents consist of shares subject to warrants and share-based awards with exercise prices less than the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the period, to the extent their inclusion would be dilutive. Regarding RSUs subject to a market condition, before the end of the contingency period, the number of contingently issuable shares (i.e., RSUs) to be included in diluted EPS would be based on the number of common shares issuable under the terms of the arrangement if the end of the reporting period was the end of the contingency period, assuming the result would be dilutive. Those contingently issuable shares would be included in the denominator of diluted EPS as of the beginning of the period, or as of the grant date of the share-based payment, if later.

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed using the two-class method as the convertible preferred stock is determined to be a participating security and the application of the if-converted method is not more dilutive.

Net income per share attributable to common stockholders

The following table presents information necessary to calculate basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net income	$	17,265	$	2,651	$	24,462	$	2,125
Cumulative dividends allocated to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—		(682)		—		(1,990)
Net income available for distribution	17,265		1,969		24,462		135
Less: Undistributed earnings allocable to participating securities	—		(196)		—		(13)
Basic and diluted net income attributable to common stockholders	$	17,265	$	1,773	$	24,462	$	122
Less: Effect on net income of dilutive securities using the “if converted” method	—		—		—		—
Diluted net income attributable to common stockholders after adjustment for assumed conversions	$	17,265	$	1,773	$	24,462	$	122
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	43,760,975		20,688,439		38,497,925		20,688,439
Dilutive effect of warrants using the treasury stock method	710,760		81,971		1,860,523		29,113
Dilutive effect of restricted stock units using the treasury stock method	1,175,279		199,333		1,424,184		127,544
Dilutive effect of stock options using the treasury stock method	641,061		142,232		711,992		47,411
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	46,288,075		21,111,975		42,494,624		20,892,507
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.39	$	0.09	$	0.64	$	0.01
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.37	$	0.08	$	0.58	$	0.01

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The computation of the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for diluted EPS includes the following potential common shares attributable to common stockholders using the treasury stock method for the weighted-average period during which the units were outstanding:


	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Shares subject to warrants outstanding	1,073,839	344,716	2,532,580	344,716
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units with time-based and/or market-based vesting conditions	1,294,652	402,151	1,536,886	402,151
Shares subject to stock options outstanding	808,127	824,221	858,952	848,837

The computation of the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for diluted EPS excludes the following potential common shares as their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect on diluted EPS attributable to common stockholders:


	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2021	2020	2021	2020
Shares subject to warrants outstanding	—	3,541,475	—	3,541,475
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units with performance vesting conditions	—	2,117,228	—	2,117,228
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units with only time-based vesting conditions	66,451	—	29,816	—
Shares subject to stock options outstanding	44	—	11	—
Shares of common stock subject to conversion of 7,725,045 shares Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—	2,291,469	—	2,291,469
Shares of common stock subject to share settlement of cumulative dividend on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—	57,797	—	168,644

6. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET AND INVENTORIES

Accounts receivable, net comprised the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Trade accounts receivable	$	31,239	$	20,252
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(581)		(918)
Other receivables	4,680		2,292
Total accounts receivable, net	$	35,338	$	21,626

Inventories comprised the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Finished goods	$	143,633	$	83,213
Work-in-process	649		—
Raw materials	22,083		7,837
Allowance for inventory obsolescence	(3,011)		(2,432)
Total inventories	$	163,354	$	88,618

The December 31, 2020 amounts for raw materials were reclassified from finished goods to separate line items to conform to the current year presentation.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

7. OPERATING LEASES

The Company leases its distribution centers from third parties under various non-cancelable lease agreements expiring at various dates through 2030. Certain lease agreements contain renewal options. The Company recognizes operating lease costs over the respective lease periods, including short-term and month-to-month leases. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred operating lease costs of $2,429 and $5,601, respectively, and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company incurred operating lease costs of $1,418 and $4,246, respectively. These costs are included primarily within selling, general and administrative expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s operating leases are as follows:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	30,007	$	18,289
Total leased assets	$	30,007	$	18,289
Liabilities
Current portion of lease liabilities	$	6,097	$	3,701
Long-term lease liabilities	24,962		15,320
Total lease liabilities	$	31,059	$	19,021

As of September 30, 2021, future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:


	Operating
For the period of October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021	$	1,726
Year ending December 31,
2022	7,117
2023	5,560
2024	5,019
2025	4,227
2026	3,222
Thereafter	8,108
Total rental payments	34,979
Less portion representing interest	(3,920)
Total principal	31,059
Less current portion	(6,097)
Long-term portion	$	24,962

In July 2021, the Company executed a lease for approximately 246,000 square feet of warehouse space in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada to be available upon expiration of the lease for existing space. The new lease commencing January 1, 2023 has a term of 120 months with two options to renew for an additional five years each at the greater of an amount equal to the annual rent payable for the last twelve months of the initial term or the then fair market value. There is no rent abatement. Monthly rent fee starts at approximate $229, and increases periodically to the final year when the monthly rent is $293.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

In April 2021, the Company executed a lease for approximately 175,000 square feet of warehouse space in Fairfield, California for a distribution center that the Company will relocate to from its Petaluma, California distribution facility. The new lease commencing approximately December 1, 2021 has a term of 126 months with an option to renew at the then fair market value for another ten years. Rent is abated for the first six months. Thereafter, monthly rent is approximately $77, and increases periodically to the final year when the monthly rent is $134.

In November 2021, the Company executed a lease for approximately 109,000 square feet of warehouse in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. The new lease commencing June 1, 2023 has a term of 120 months with two options to renew for an additional five years each at the then prevailing fair market rental value. Rent is abated for the first month. Thereafter, monthly rent starts at approximate $71, and increases periodically to the final year where the monthly rent is $92.

The future minimum lease payments for executed non-cancelable operating leases not yet commenced are as follows:


	Operating
For the period of October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021	$	112
Year ending December 31,
2022	599
2023	4,106
2024	4,497
2025	4,866
2026	5,255
Thereafter	34,356
Total rental payments	$	53,791

In July 2021, the Company executed a sublease agreement for its Santa Fe Springs, California location. The sublease commences October 1, 2021 and terminates June 30, 2023 in alignment with the master lease. Sublease income for 2021, 2022 and 2023 is $176, $823 and $415, respectively.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

8. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment comprised the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Machinery and equipment	$	12,883	$	3,648
Building and improvements	6,030		190
Land	3,076		224
Leasehold improvements	3,066		2,068
Peat bogs and related development	2,989		—
Computer equipment	2,858		2,079
Furniture and fixtures	2,615		1,154
Gross property and equipment (2)	33,517		9,363
Less: accumulated depreciation	(6,865)		(5,375)
Total property and equipment, net (2)	$	26,652	$	3,988

(2) Includes the property and equipment assets acquired from Heavy 16, the H&G Entities, Aurora, and Greenstar (see Note 3 - Business Combinations).

The December 31, 2020 amounts for building and improvements, land, and computer equipment were reclassified from other to separate line items to conform to the current year presentation.

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment, net was $1,662 and $346 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment, net was $2,469 and $1,284 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

9. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities comprised the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Accrued compensation and benefits	$	5,043	$	9,902
Freight, custom and duty accrual	3,522		2,603
Goods in transit accrual	4,280		3,845
Audit, tax and legal accrual	1,383		237
Corporate tax accrual	2,628		585
Obligations due under a distribution agreement	—		590
Contingent consideration	19,518		—
Taxes assumed related to acquisitions	9,718		—
Acquisition post-close related payable	669		—

Other accrued liabilities	7,287		3,853
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	54,048	$	21,615

The December 31, 2020 amounts for audit, tax and legal accrual and corporate tax accrual were reclassified from other accrued liabilities to separate line items to conform to the current year presentation.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

10. DEBT

Debt is comprised of the following:


	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Line of credit	$	26,500	$	—
Other	1,180		1,036
Total debt	$	27,680	$	1,036

Current portion	$	27,213	$	746
Long term	467		290
Total debt	$	27,680	$	1,036

Term loans

Term Loan with Brightwood

In May 2017, a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $75,000 (the “Brightwood Term Loan”) was obtained by Hydrofarm Holdings LLC and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (the “Term Loan Obligors”) from Brightwood Loan Services LLC. The Brightwood Term Loan was to mature on May 12, 2022 and was secured by substantially all non-working capital assets and a second lien on working capital assets of the Term Loan Obligors. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the effective interest rate was 9.64% and interest expense was $1,700. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effective interest rate was 10.22% and interest expense was $5,460. The Brightwood Term Loan was repaid in December 2020.

Senior Secured Term Loan

On October 25, 2021, the Company and its subsidiaries entered into a Credit and Guaranty Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent for certain lenders, pursuant to which the Company borrowed a $125.0 million senior secured term loan (“Term Loan”). The Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR (with a 1.0% floor) plus 5.50%, or an alternative base rate (with a 2.0% floor), plus 4.50%, and is subject to a call premium of 2% in year one, 1% in year two, and 0% thereafter, and matures on October 25, 2028 ("Maturity Date"). The Company received estimated net proceeds of $119.2 million from the Term Loan after deducting discounts and deferred financing costs.

The principal amounts of the Term Loan are to be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments in amounts equal to 0.25% of the principal amount of the Term Loan outstanding on the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing March 31, 2022, with the balance of the Term Loan payable on the Maturity Date. The Company is required to make mandatory prepayments in the event of (i) achieving certain excess cash flow criteria, including the achievement and maintenance of a specific leverage ratio, (ii) selling assets that are collateral, or (iii) upon the issuance, offering, or placement of new debt obligations.

The Term Loan requires the Company to maintain certain reporting requirements, affirmative covenants, and negative covenants. The Term Loan is secured by a first lien on the non-working capital assets of the Company and a second lien on the working capital assets of the Company. The Company may request additional term loan commitments subject to certain loan conditions.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Revolving asset-backed credit facilities

Encina Credit Facility

On July 11, 2019, the Company and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (the “Encina Obligors”) entered into the Encina Credit Facility through a certain Loan and Security Agreement whereby the Encina Obligors obtained a revolving asset-based loan commitment in the maximum amount of $45,000 (inclusive of a limit of up to $15,000 of borrowings for the Canadian borrowers and a swingline facility of up to $2,000), subject to applicable borrowing base availability, through Encina Business Credit, LLC. The Encina Credit Facility was due on the earlier of July 11, 2022 or 90 days prior to the scheduled maturity date of the Term Loan. The Encina Credit Facility was secured by working capital assets and a second lien on non-working capital assets. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the effective interest rate was 9.06% and interest expense was $593. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effective interest rate was 9.27% and interest expense was $1,625.

The Encina Credit Facility was repaid in December 2020 and replaced in March 2021. The unamortized deferred financing costs and early termination fees totaling $680 were recognized as a loss on debt extinguishment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

JPMorgan Revolving Credit Facility

On March 29, 2021, Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc. and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (the "JPMorgan Obligors") entered into a Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (the "JPMorgan Credit Facility") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto. The JPMorgan Credit Facility replaced the Encina Credit Facility. The JPMorgan Credit Facility is due on the earlier of March 29, 2024 or any earlier date on which the revolving commitments are reduced to zero.

The three-year JPMorgan Credit Facility had a borrowing limit of $50,000 with an option to request an increase in the revolving commitment by up to $25,000, drawn in $5,000 increments, for a total not to exceed $75,000, subject to customary condition ("Revolver").

On August 31, 2021, the JPMorgan Obligors entered into an amendment (the "First Amendment") to increase their original borrowing limit to $100,000. In connection with the First Amendment, the Company's recently acquired subsidiaries became party to the JPMorgan Credit Facility as either borrowers or as guarantors. The Revolver maintains an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.95% and has a 0.0% LIBOR floor. A fee of 0.25% per annum is charged for available but unused borrowings as defined.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the effective interest rate was 2.89% and interest expense was $69. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the effective interest rate was 3.72% and interest expense was $73. The unamortized debt issuance costs were $978 as of September 30, 2021. Deferred financing costs are being amortized over the term of the Revolver. As of September 30, 2021, the JPMorgan Obligors had approximately $78,617 available to borrow under the JPMorgan Credit Facility of which $51,755 was unused.

The JPMorgan Credit Facility is secured by the Company’s assets and the assets of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company is required to maintain certain reporting requirements, affirmative covenants, negative covenants and financial covenants ("debt covenants"). The financial covenants include the maintenance of a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.1x on a rolling twelve-month basis. The JPMorgan Obligors were in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2021.

On October 25, 2021, the Company and its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”), with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., pursuant to which it consented to the Term Loan and the lien priorities described above, and made certain conforming changes to the provisions of the Term Loan. All amendments were accounted for as debt modifications.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

11. CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Capital stock

As of September 30, 2021, the following summarizes shares authorized, issued and outstanding:


Capital stock authorized and outstanding:	Shares authorized	Shares outstanding
Convertible preferred stock	50,000,000	—
Common stock	300,000,000	44,099,239

As of September 30, 2021, the following summarizes shares of common stock reserved for issuance:


Common stock reserved for issuance:						Shares reserved for issuance
Warrants						18,236
2020 Employee, Director, and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan						2,119,223
Restricted stock units						1,276,188
Stock options						799,044

Convertible preferred stock classified outside of permanent equity

In December 2019, the Company issued 7,007,429 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series A preferred stock") with a par value of $24,526 in return for cash of $15,439, conversion of debt with a basis of $7,637, and $1,450 in receivables that were settled in January 2020, less offering costs totaled $1,274. In January and February 2020, an additional 717,616 shares of Series A preferred stock were issued primarily to existing investors for $2,511, less offering costs of $169, for net cash proceeds of $2,342.

The Series A preferred stock purchase agreement provided for mandatory conversion upon a qualified IPO based on a formula. Under this formula, all outstanding shares of Series A preferred stock converted into 2,291,469 shares of common stock concurrent with the IPO in December 2020 and the cumulative dividend of $2,597 was settled in cash at the option of the Company rather than in shares of common stock.

Common stock

Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of common stock. Common stockholders have no pre-emptive rights to acquire additional shares of common stock or other securities. The common stock is not subject to redemption rights and carries no subscription or conversion rights. In the event of liquidation, the stockholders are entitled to share in corporate assets on a pro rata basis after the Company satisfies all liabilities and after provision is made for any class of capital stock having preference over the common stock. Subject to corporate regulations and preferences to preferred stock, if any, dividends are at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors (the ‘‘Board’’).

Warrants

Redemption of investor warrants

On July 19, 2021, the Company completed the redemption ("Redemption") of certain of its outstanding warrants (the "Investor Warrants") that were issued in connection with a private placement of units (the "private placement"), each consisting of a share of common stock and a warrant to purchase an additional one-half (1/2) shares of common stock, which concluded in the fall of 2018.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

The Company was entitled to redeem all of the outstanding Investor Warrants for a redemption price of $0.00033712 per Investor Warrant ("redemption price") if (i) there was an effective registration statement covering the resale of the shares of common stock underlying the Investor Warrants, and (ii) the volume-weighted average price of the Company's common stock for the twenty consecutive trading days prior to the date of the notice of redemption is at least $25.28, of which both requirements were met. Investor Warrants were exercisable at a price of $16.86 per share until July 19, 2021 (the "redemption date"). Any Investor Warrants that remained unexercised immediately after the redemption date were void and no longer exercisable, and the holders of those Investor Warrants were entitled to receive the redemption price.

Prior to the redemption date, 3,367,647 Investor Warrants were exercised, generating total gross proceeds of $56,779, of which $36,484 was received subsequent to June 30, 2021. The Company redeemed 1,491 Investor Warrants at the redemption price.

In connection with the private placement, the Company agreed to engage the placement agent (the "Placement Agent") as the Company's warrant solicitation agent in the event the Investor Warrants were called for Redemption. The Company agreed to pay a warrant solicitation fee to the Placement Agent equal to five percent of the amount of net cash proceeds solicited by the Placement Agent upon the exercise of certain Investor Warrants following such call for Redemption. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, total warrant solicitation fee expense was $1,105 and $1,949, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of September 30, 2021, the following table summarizes the outstanding warrants:


	Number of Warrants	Exercise Price
Placement agent warrants	12,229	$	8.43
Placement agent warrants	6,007	$	16.86
Total	18,236	$	11.21

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 166,343 placement agent warrants were exercised on a cashless basis at a price of $16.86 per share for 129,265 shares of common stock and 332,488 placement agent warrants were exercised on as cashless basis at a price of $8.43 per share for 289,044 shares of common stock.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock-based compensation plan overview

The Company maintains three equity incentive plans: the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (“2018 Plan”), the 2019 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan (“2019 Plan”) and the 2020 Employee, Director, and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan” and collectively, “Incentive Plans”). The 2020 Plan serves as the successor to the 2019 Plan and 2018 Plan and provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock grants and stock-based awards to employees, directors, and consultants of the Company. No further awards will be issued under the 2018 Plan and 2019 Plan. Of the total shares available for grant under the 2020 Plan, 2,119,223 remain available as of September 30, 2021.

RSU Activity

RSUs granted to certain executives, employees and members of the Board expire 10 years after the grant date. The awards generally have a time-based vesting requirement (based on continuous employment) and certain awards also have a performance-based vesting requirement (defined as a liquidity event including an initial public offering).

Upon the IPO, the performance-based vesting requirement was satisfied and the employees became vested in the number of RSUs that had satisfied the time-based vesting requirement. The stock-based compensation expense related to remaining service-based awards is recorded over the remaining requisite service period. The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company's RSUs for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. For purposes of this table, vested RSUs represent the shares for which the service condition had been fulfilled as of September 30, 2021:


	Number of RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance, January 1, 2021	1,857,444	$	6.55
Granted	71,727	$	58.82
Vested	(652,983)	$	6.89
Balance, September 30, 2021	1,276,188	$	9.32

As of September 30, 2021, total unamortized stock-based compensation cost related to unvested RSUs was $9,309 and the weighted-average period over which the compensation is expected to be recognized is 1.90 years.

The award granted to a former member of the Board (the "former Board member") in July 2020 and modified in November 2020 contains a market-based vesting condition based on the traded value of shares of the Company’s common stock following the IPO over a specific time frame. For this award, the market condition was factored into its fair value and all of the stock-based compensation expense was recognized upon the IPO in December 2020. In July 2021, the market-based vesting condition for this award was satisfied and 148,315 RSUs of the former Board member fully vested. The total shares under the unvested RSUs subject to time-based vesting conditions were 148,315 as of September 30, 2021. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, there were no performance awards with market-based targets granted.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Stock options

The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:


	Number	Weighted average exercise price		Weighted average grant date fair value		Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)
Outstanding as of January 1, 2021	922,796	$	8.81	$	1.78	8.08
Granted	10,641	$	59.03	$	25.58
Exercised	(125,411)	$	8.43	$	0.73
Forfeited	(8,982)	$	9.81	$	5.25
Outstanding as of September 30, 2021	799,044	$	9.53	$	2.23	7.43

Exercisable as of September 30, 2021	513,571	$	8.51	$	0.87	6.93
Unvested as of September 30, 2021	285,473	$	11.35	$	4.66	2.06
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 2021	799,044	$	9.53	$	2.23	7.43

Since options represent equity awards of the Company, such awards are fair valued as of the grant date for the purposes of measurement and recognition under U.S. GAAP. To measure the fair value of an option, the Black-Scholes valuation model was utilized. The valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions. The weighted average assumptions for awards granted as of September 30, 2021 are as follows:


Estimated weighted-average fair value per stock option			$59.03
Volatility			45%
Risk-free rate			0.85%
Dividend yield			Nil
Expected term in years			6.0

As of September 30, 2021, total compensation cost related to unvested awards not yet recognized was $1,120 and the weighted-average period over which the compensation is expected to be recognized is 2.06 years.

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Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES, AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Purchase commitments

From time to time in the normal course of business, the Company will enter into agreements with suppliers which provide favorable pricing in return for a commitment to purchase minimum amounts of inventory over a defined time period.

In June 2020, as part of negotiations with Greenstar that began in late 2019, the Company amended its October 2017 agreement to distribute and sell certain garden products for a term ending in December 2024. Under the amended agreement, the Company committed to purchase inventory in periodic minimum volumes on a take-or-pay basis, as defined, over the term of the agreement. In August 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Greenstar which is described in Note 3 - Business Combinations.

Contingencies

In the normal course of business, certain claims have been brought against the Company and, where applicable, its suppliers. While there is inherent difficulty in predicting the outcome of such matters, management has vigorously contested the validity of these claims. Based on available information, management believes the claims are without merit and does not expect that the outcome, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial positions, results of operations, cash flows or future earnings.

Related party transactions—Hydrofarm Distribution Center

The Company leased a distribution center in Petaluma, California from entities in which a related party was a stockholder. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, rent expense for the month to month lease totaled $0 and $320, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, rent expense for the month to month lease totaled $639 and $959, respectively.

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company completed one acquisition after September 30, 2021, which is described in Note 3 - Business Combinations.

The Company and its subsidiaries entered into the Term Loan with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. after September 30, 2021. In connection with the Term Loan, the Company and its subsidiaries entered into the Second Amendment to Credit Agreement which is described in Note 10 - Debt.

After September 30, 2021, the Company has reached an understanding with the lessor to extend the month to month lease of its warehouse facilities in Petaluma, California through January 15, 2022. The extension will allow time for the Company to move to its new warehouse in Fairfield, California. The agreed upon extension for the period of November 2021 through January 15, 2022 is $1,500.

The Company executed a new operating lease after September 30, 2021, which is described in Note 7 - Operating Leases.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis provides information that we believe is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition. You should read this analysis in conjunction with our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report. This discussion and analysis contains statements of a forward-looking nature relating to future events or our future financial performance. These statements are only predictions, and actual events or results may differ materially. In evaluating such statements, you should carefully consider the various factors identified in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements, including those set forth in “Risk Factors” in our 2020 Annual Report. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Company Overview

We are a leading independent distributor and manufacturer of controlled environment agriculture (“CEA”, principally hydroponics) equipment and supplies, including a broad portfolio of our own innovative portfolio of proprietary branded products. We primarily serve the U.S. and Canadian markets, and believe we are one of the leading competitors by market share in these markets in an otherwise highly fragmented industry. For over 40 years, we have helped growers make growing easier and more productive. Our mission is to empower growers, farmers and cultivators with products that enable greater quality, efficiency, consistency and speed in their grow projects.

Hydroponics is the farming of plants using soilless growing media and often artificial lighting in a controlled indoor or greenhouse environment. Hydroponics is the primary category of CEA and we use the terms CEA and hydroponics interchangeably. Our products are used to grow, farm and cultivate cannabis, flowers, fruits, plants, vegetables, grains and herbs in controlled environment settings that allow end users to control key farming variables including temperature, humidity, CO2, light intensity spectrum, nutrient concentration and pH. Through CEA, growers are able to be more efficient with physical space, water and resources, while enjoying year-round and more rapid grow cycles as well as more predictable and abundant grow yields, when compared to other traditional growing methods.

We reach commercial farmers and consumers through a broad and diversified network of over 2,000 wholesale customer accounts, who we connect with primarily through our proprietary eCommerce marketplace. Over 80% of our net sales are into the specialty hydroponic retailers, through which growers are able to enjoy specialized merchandise assortments and knowledgeable staff. We also distribute our products across the U.S. and Canada to a diversified range of retailers of commercial and home gardening equipment and supplies that include garden centers, hardware stores, eCommerce retailers, commercial greenhouse builders, and commercial resellers.

Recent Developments

Innovative Growers Equipment, Inc. Acquisition

On November 1, 2021, we closed the acquisition of the IGE Entities. (see Note 3 - Business Combinations under Innovative Growers Equipment, Inc. Acquisition, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). The IGE Entities are a manufacturer of horticulture benches, racking and LED lighting systems. The addition of the IGE Entities' commercial equipment product range complements our existing lineup of high performance, proprietary branded products.

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Senior Secured Term Loan

On October 25, 2021, we entered into a $125 million senior secured term loan facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent for certain lenders. The Term Loan bears interest at a rate of either LIBOR (with a 1.0% floor) plus 5.50%, or an alternate base rate (with a 2.0% floor) plus 4.50% and matures on October 25, 2028. We used the net proceeds from the Term Loan to fund the cash portion of the IGE purchase and for general corporate purposes, which may include, among other things, repaying any outstanding balance under our existing revolving facility and funding future M&A opportunities. Should additional capital needs arise, we can, per the terms of the Term Loan agreement, seek to upsize the facility. The Term Loan is more fully described in Note 10 - Debt in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Greenstar/Grotek Acquisition

On August 3, 2021, we closed the acquisition of Greenstar (see Note 3 - Business Combinations under Greenstar/Grotek Acquisition, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Greenstar produces premium horticultural products and solutions for global, domestic and commercial use. Greenstar’s owned brands include Grotek, Gaia Green, Supergreen, and EarthSafe. Grotek has been producing since 1998 and is sold internationally. Greenstar’s brands are utilized by commercial operators including growers, landscapers, greenhouses, nurseries, organic farms, as well as independent retailers. Greenstar manufactures products for both the retail and commercial market.

Investor Warrant Redemption

On July 19, 2021, we completed the redemption of certain of our outstanding warrants to purchase shares of our common stock that were issued in connection with a private placement of units (see Note 11 - Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity under Warrants, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Prior to the redemption date, 3,367,647 Investor Warrants were exercised, generating approximately $56.8 million of gross proceeds to the Company. Pursuant to the Redemption, we redeemed 1,491 Investor Warrants for a redemption price of $0.00033712 per Investor Warrant.

Aurora Acquisition

On July 1, 2021, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Aurora (see Note 3, Business Combinations under Aurora Acquisition, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Founded in 2000, Aurora is a family-owned business with a strong vertically integrated manufacturing base with three locations across North America. The company is dedicated to ethical and sustainable practices and offers comprehensive plant fertility product lines free from harmful chemical residues and pesticides. Aurora adds to our growing proprietary brand nutrient and grow media line-ups, including its first organic nutrient and premium soil brands. We gained new domestic manufacturing and distribution capabilities on the east and west coasts along with a peat moss harvesting operation in Canada.

House and Garden Acquisition

On June 1, 2021, we acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the H&G Entities (see Note 3 - Business Combinations under House & Garden Acquisition, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). The H&G entities are located in Arcata, California, and produce and distribute premium grade plant nutrients and fertilizers across the globe. The H&G entities offer a strong product line of plant nutrients that strengthens our position in the nutrient sector and complement our rapidly expanding portfolio of premium products for controlled environment agriculture.

Follow-on Public Offering

On May 3, 2021, we closed our follow-on offering, in which we issued and sold 5,526,861 shares of our common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase 720,894 additional shares of our common stock, at a public offering price of $59.00 per share, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately $309.8 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. We used the proceeds from the follow-on offering for acquisitions, working capital and other general corporate purposes.

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Heavy 16 Acquisition

On May 3, 2021, we acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Heavy 16 (see Note 3 - Business Combinations under Heavy 16 Acquisition, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Heavy 16 is a leading manufacturer and supplier of branded plant nutritional products, with nine core products that are currently sold to approximately 300 retail stores across the U.S. The Heavy 16 products feature a full line of premium nutrients with nine core products used in all stages of plant growth, helping to increase the yield and quality of crops.

New Distribution Centers

In April 2021, we entered into leases for two new distribution centers aggregating approximately 322,000 square feet. One is located in Fairfield, California and is the distribution center that we will relocate to from our Petaluma, California distribution facility in connection with the sale of that building by our lessor. The other distribution center is located in Fontana, California which we relocated to from our Santa Fe Springs, California distribution facility in the third quarter of 2021. (see Note 7 - Operating Leases, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).

In July 2021, we executed a lease for approximately 246,000 square feet of warehouse space in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada to be available upon expiration of the lease for existing space, commencing January 1, 2023 (see Note 7 - Operating Leases, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).

In November 2021, we executed a lease for approximately 109,000 square feet of warehouse in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. The new lease commencing June 1, 2023 has a term of 120 months with two options to renew for an additional five years each at the then prevailing fair market rental value. (see Note 7 - Operating Leases, in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).

In November 2021, we have reached an understanding with the lessor to extend the month to month lease of our warehouse facilities in Petaluma, California through January 15, 2022. The extension will allow time for us to move to our new warehouse in Fairfield, California. The agreed upon extension for the period of November 2021 through January 15, 2022 is $1.5 million.

Effects of Coronavirus on Our Business

The World Health Organization recognized COVID-19 as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020 and as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Public health responses have included national pandemic preparedness and response plans, travel restrictions, quarantines, curfews, event postponements and cancellations and closures of facilities including local schools and businesses. While the rollout of vaccines has begun, the efficacy and acceptance of vaccinations, herd immunity, and the lifting of preventative measures is unknown. The global pandemic and actions taken to contain COVID-19 have adversely affected the global economy and financial markets.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented business continuity plans designed to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, such as restrictions on non-essential business travel, the institution of work-from-home practices and the implementation of strategies for workplace safety at our facilities. It is difficult to predict the extent to which COVID-19 may continue to spread. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, manufacturers in China and in North America are generally back in operation; however, new waves of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in the re-closure of factories in China and/or in North America. Quarantine orders and travel restrictions within the U.S. and other countries may also adversely impact our supply chains, the manufacturing of our own products and our ability to obtain necessary materials. We are experiencing some interruptions in our supply chain, as well as increased shipping costs and believe the COVID-19 pandemic is a contributing factor to those interruptions and increased costs. Although we have not, to date, experienced any material interruptions in our ability to fill our customers' orders or manufacture our own products. Consequently, we may be unable to obtain adequate inventory to fill purchase orders or manufacture our own products, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, potential suppliers or sources of materials may pass the increase in sourcing costs due to the COVID-19 pandemic to us through price increases, thereby impacting our potential future profit margins. We continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and will adjust our mitigation strategies as necessary to address and changing health, operational of financial risks that may arise.

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Our customers reside in countries, primarily the U.S. and Canada, that are currently affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many of these customers have experienced shelter-in-place measures in attempts to contain the spread of COVID-19, including general lockdowns, closure of schools and non-essential businesses, bans on gatherings and travel restrictions. Our sales growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was approximately $114.2 million or 44.8% higher than the same period in 2020.

Our business has remained resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. As of September 30, 2021, our manufacturing and distribution operations are viewed as essential services and continue to operate. Our key suppliers, retailers and resellers have been designated as essential services and remain open at this time; however, in certain places they are operating under reduced hours and capacity limitations. The majority of U.S. and Canadian cannabis businesses have been designated as essential by U.S. State and Canadian government authorities. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will ultimately impact our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows depends on future developments that are highly uncertain, rapidly evolving and difficult to predict at this time.

Recent Transactions

JPMorgan Credit Facility

On March 29, 2021, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (the “JPMorgan Credit Facility”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender (“JPMorgan”), and the lenders from time to time party thereto. The JPMorgan Credit Facility replaces the Loan and Security Agreement with Encina Business Credit, LLC (as amended to date, the “Encina Credit Facility”). There was no outstanding indebtedness under the Encina Credit Facility when it was replaced. The JPMorgan Credit Facility, among other things, provides for an asset based senior revolving credit line (the “Senior Revolver”) with JPMorgan as the initial lender. The three-year Senior Revolver had a borrowing limit of $50 million. We had the right to increase the amount of the Senior Revolver in an amount up to $25 million by obtaining commitments from JPMorgan or from other lenders. Our and our subsidiaries’ obligations under the JPMorgan Credit Facility are secured by a first priority lien (subject to certain permitted liens) in substantially all of our and our subsidiaries’ respective personal property assets pursuant to the terms of a U.S. and a Canadian Pledge and Security Agreement, dated March 29, 2021 and the other security documents. On August 31, 2021 the JPMorgan Credit Facility was amended to increase the borrowing limit to $100 million and on October 25, 2021 was further amended to permit the Term Loan and to conform changes to provisions of the Term Loan. The JPMorgan Credit Facility is more fully described in Note 10 - Debt under Revolving asset-backed credit facilities in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Other Transactions

Initial Public Offering

On December 14, 2020, we completed our initial public offering (“IPO”), in which we issued and sold 9,966,667 shares of our common stock, including the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase 1,300,000 additional shares of our common stock, at a public offering price of $20.00 per share, which resulted in net proceeds of $182.3 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. The proceeds from the IPO were used to (i) repay amounts outstanding under the Brightwood Term Loan by and among Term Loan Obligors, Brightwood Loan Services, LLC and the other lenders party thereto of $76.6 million (includes accrued interest and fees of $0.3 million), (ii) to pay down certain amounts outstanding under the Encina Credit Facility of $33.4 million, (iii) to repay $3.3 million under the promissory note to JPMorgan Chase, N.A. through the U.S. Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program, and (iv) to pay $2.6 million to settle the Series A preferred stock dividend. Our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on December 10, 2020.

Reverse Stock Split

Our board of directors and stockholders approved an amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation effecting a 1-for-3.3712 reverse stock split of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. The reverse split was effected on November 24, 2020 without any change in the par value per share.

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Results of Operations—Comparison of three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020

The following table sets forth our unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, including amounts and percentages of net sales for each period and the period-to-period change in dollars and percent (amounts in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,
	2021				2020				Period change
Net sales	$	123,822	100.0	%	$	96,658	100.0	%	$	27,164	28.1	%
Cost of goods sold	93,833		75.8	%	78,473		81.2	%	15,360		19.6	%
Gross profit	29,989		24.2	%	18,185		18.8	%	11,804		64.9	%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	32,149		26.0	%	12,524		13.0	%	19,625		156.7	%
Impairment, restructuring and other	246		0.2	%	184		0.2	%	62		33.7	%
(Loss) income from operations	(2,406)		-1.9	%	5,477		5.7	%	(7,883)		-143.9	%
Interest expense	(132)		-0.1	%	(2,549)		-2.6	%	2,417		-94.8	%
Loss on debt extinguishment	—		0.0	%	—		0.0	%	—		n/a	%
Other expense, net	(41)		0.0	%	(223)		-0.2	%	182		-81.6	%
(Loss) income before tax	(2,579)		-2.1	%	2,705		2.8	%	(5,284)		-195.3	%
Income tax benefit (expense)	19,844		16.0	%	(54)		-0.1	%	19,898		-36,848.1	%
Net income	17,265		13.9	%	2,651		2.7	%	14,614		551.3	%
Cumulative dividends allocated to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—		0.0	%	(682)		-0.7	%	682		-100.0	%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	17,265	13.9	%	$	1,969	2.0	%	$	15,296	776.8	%

The following table sets forth our unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, including amounts and percentages of net sales for each period and the period-to-period change in dollars and percent (amounts in thousands):


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021				2020				Period change
Net sales	$	369,011	100.0	%	$	254,763	100.0	%	$	114,248	44.8	%
Cost of goods sold	286,209		77.6	%	207,139		81.3	%	79,070		38.2	%
Gross profit	82,802		22.4	%	47,624		18.7	%	35,178		73.9	%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	76,233		20.7	%	37,084		14.6	%	39,149		105.6	%
Impairment, restructuring and other	262		0.1	%	276		0.1	%	(14)		-5.1	%
Income from operations	6,307		1.7	%	10,264		4.0	%	(3,957)		-38.6	%
Interest expense	(276)		-0.1	%	(7,858)		-3.1	%	7,582		-96.5	%
Loss on debt extinguishment	(680)		-0.2	%	—		0.0	%	(680)		n/a	%
Other income, net	86		0.0	%	103		0.0	%	(17)		-16.5	%
Income before tax	5,437		1.5	%	2,509		1.0	%	2,928		116.7	%
Income tax benefit (expense)	19,025		5.2	%	(384)		-0.2	%	19,409		-5,054.4	%
Net income	24,462		6.6	%	2,125		0.8	%	22,337		1,051.2	%
Cumulative dividends allocated to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock	—		0.0	%	(1,990)		-0.8	%	1,990		-100.0	%
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	24,462	6.6	%	$	135	0.1	%	$	24,327	18,020.0	%

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Net sales

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were $123.8 million, an increase of $27.2 million, or 28.1%, compared to the same period in 2020. Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $369.0 million, an increase of $114.2 million, or 44.8%, compared to the same period in 2020.

The 28.1% increase in net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 was due to a 24.4% increase in volume of products sold (a 7.7% decline in organic sales and a 32.1% increase from recently-acquired proprietary brands), a 2.8% increase in price and mix of products sold, and 0.8% growth from favorable foreign exchange rates. The decrease in volume of products sold was primarily related to what we believe was a short-term oversupply, which put downward pressure on cannabis growing activity predominantly in California and Canada. The increase in price was primarily related to list price increases. The increase in foreign exchange related to recent weakness in the U.S. Dollar relative to the Canadian Dollar and to the Euro.

The 44.8% increase in net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 was due to a 39.3% increase in volume of products sold (a 23.6% increase in organic sales and a 15.7% increase from recently-acquired proprietary brands), a 3.7% increase in price and mix of products sold, and 1.9% growth from favorable foreign exchange rates. The increase in volume of products sold was primarily related to (i) expansion of our proprietary and preferred brands, (ii) large expansion of our plant nutrients products, (iii) first-half expansion in our base business predominantly in California, Oklahoma and Missouri, and (iv) growth from our acquisitions. The increase in price was primarily related to list price increases. The increase in foreign exchange related to recent weakness in the U.S. Dollar relative to the Canadian Dollar and to the Euro.

Gross profit

Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $30.0 million, an increase of $11.8 million, or 64.9%, compared to the same period in 2020. Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $82.8 million, an increase of $35.2 million, or 73.9%, compared to the same period in 2020.

The increase in gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 was primarily related to (i) the aforementioned increase in net sales and (ii) a significant increase in our gross profit margin percentage (gross profit as a percent of net sales). Our gross profit margin percentage increased to 24.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 from 18.8% in the same period in 2020. The higher gross profit margin percentage is primarily due to a more favorable sales mix of proprietary brand products (due in part to the aforementioned proprietary brands that were recently acquired and the preferred brands added in the year-to-date period), which typically carry a higher gross margin than our distributed branded products, which more than offset higher freight/import costs and labor costs.

The increase in gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 was primarily related to (i) the aforementioned increase in net sales and (ii) a significant increase in our gross profit margin percentage (gross profit as a percent of net sales). Our gross profit margin percentage increased to 22.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 from 18.7% in the same period in 2020. The higher gross profit margin percentage is primarily due to a more favorable sales mix of proprietary brand products (due in part to the aforementioned proprietary brands that were recently acquired and the preferred brand added in the year-to-date period), which typically carry a higher gross margin than our distributed branded products, as well as improved labor efficiencies realized in the first half of 2021, which more than offset higher freight/import costs.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were $32.1 million, an increase of $19.6 million compared to the same period in 2020. SG&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $76.2 million, an increase of $39.1 million compared to the same period in 2020.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the $19.6 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses is primarily related to acquisition-related costs of $8.9 million, compensation costs (an increase of $2.0 million), marketing (an increase of $0.5 million), travel (an increase of $0.3 million), insurance (an increase of $0.7 million), non-compensation general and administrative costs associated with the new acquisitions (an increase of $3.6 million), share-based compensation (an increase of $1.1 million), facility costs (an increase of $1.1 million), and $1.1 million of solicitation fees incurred in connection

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with the Redemption. These increases were largely the result of (i) our accelerated M&A strategy and (ii) the increased costs associated with running a public company and support of our long-term growth strategy.

The $39.1 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is primarily related to acquisition-related costs of $18.8 million, compensation costs (an increase of $4.7 million), consulting fees (an increase of $0.9 million), marketing (an increase of $1.0 million), travel (an increase of $0.2 million), insurance costs (an increase of $2.0 million), non-compensation general and administrative costs associated with the new acquisitions (an increase of $4.3 million), share-based compensation (an increase of $3.5 million) facility costs (an increase of $1.4 million), and $1.9 million of solicitation fees incurred in connection with the Redemption. These increases were largely the result of increased costs associated with (i) our accelerated M&A strategy and (ii) running a public company and support of our long-term growth strategy.

Interest expense

Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.1 million, a decrease of $2.4 million, or 94.8%, compared to the same period in the prior year. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.3 million, a decrease of $7.6 million, or 96.5%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decreases were due to the payoff of the Brightwood Term Loan and pay down of the Encina Credit Facility in connection with the December 2020 IPO and the May 2021 follow-on offering which has helped fund recent acquisitions.

Loss on debt extinguishment

Loss on debt extinguishment for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.7 million, which resulted primarily from the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the payoff of the Encina Credit Facility.

Income tax expense

Income tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $19.8 million and $19.0 million, respectively. Our income tax benefit was primarily the result of a reduction in the valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. In connection with the acquisitions of the H&G Entities, we recorded a net deferred tax liability which provided an additional source of taxable income to support the realization of the pre-existing deferred tax assets. Our income tax benefit was partially offset by income taxes from certain foreign jurisdictions where we conduct business and state minimum income taxes in the United States. We have a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards.

Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, was $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to foreign and state income tax expense.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”). However, management believes that certain non-GAAP financial measures provide investors of our financial information with additional useful information in evaluating our performance and that excluding certain items that may vary substantially in frequency and magnitude period-to-period from net income (loss) provides useful supplemental measures that assist in evaluating our ability to generate earnings and to more readily compare these metrics between past and future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures may be different than similarly titled measures used by other companies.

To supplement our condensed unaudited consolidated financial statements which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use “Adjusted EBITDA” and “Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of sales” which are non-GAAP financial measures (collectively referred to as “Adjusted EBITDA”). Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are several limitations related to the use of our non-GAAP financial measures as compared to the closest comparable GAAP measures. Some of these limitations include:

• Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the significant interest expense, or the amounts necessary to service interest or principal payments on our indebtedness;

• Adjusted EBITDA excludes depreciation and amortization, and although these are non-cash expenses, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future;

• Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our tax provision that adjusts cash available to us;

• Adjusted EBITDA excludes the non-cash component of stock-based compensation;

• Adjusted EBITDA excludes the amount of employer payroll taxes on stock-based compensation; and

• Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters we consider not to be reflective, on a recurring basis, of our ongoing operations.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) excluding interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, employer payroll taxes on stock-based compensation and other unusual and/or infrequent costs, which we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing operating performance. The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,
	2021			2020
Net Income	$	17,265		$	2,651
Interest expense	132			2,549
Income tax (benefit) expense	(19,844)			54
Distribution center exit costs and other	328			—
Depreciation and amortization	4,860			1,508
Impairment, restructuring and other	246			184
Acquisition and integration expenses*	10,589			—
Investor warrant solicitation fees	1,105			—
Other expense, net	41			223
Stock-based compensation**	1,347			245
Adjusted EBITDA	$	16,069		$	7,414
Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of net sales	13.0		%	7.7		%

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The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021			2020
Net Income	$	24,462		$	2,125
Interest expense	276			7,858
Income tax (benefit) expense	(19,025)			384
Distribution center exit costs and other	328			—
Depreciation and amortization	8,638			5,170
Impairment, restructuring and other	262			276
Acquisition and integration expenses*	20,814			—
Investor warrant solicitation fees	1,949			—
Other income, net	(86)			(103)
Stock-based compensation**	3,863			410
Loss on debt extinguishment	680			—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	42,161		$	16,120
Adjusted EBITDA as a percent of net sales	11.4		%	6.3		%

(*) Includes consulting, transaction services and legal fees incurred for the completed Heavy 16, House and Garden, Aurora, Greenstar/Grotek and IGE acquisitions and certain potential acquisitions.

(**) Includes employer payroll taxes on stock-based compensation

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (amounts in thousands):


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2021		2020
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(17,510)	$	(7,777)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(419,407)		1,328
Net cash provided by financing activities	374,447		6,408
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(29)		39
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(62,499)		(2)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	76,955		32,857
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	14,456	$	32,855

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $17.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily consisting $24.5 million in net income, $2.2 million in net non-cash expense reductions, which were largely comprised of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, non-cash operating lease expense, deferred income tax benefit and other non-cash expenses, less a $39.8 million increase in working capital. This change in working capital primarily reflects an aggregate increase of $55.1 million in accounts receivable, inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other assets for the period offset by an aggregate net increase of $15.3 million in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and a decrease in lease liabilities due to payments on lease obligations during the period.

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Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $419.4 million, due primarily to four business acquisitions we completed during the period, which totaled $415.9 million in cash outflows and $3.1 of property and equipment purchases.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $374.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. We received proceeds of $309.8 million from our follow-on offering, and received an additional $56.8 million from the Redemption. We also paid $17.9 million related to employee's withholding tax in connection with the vesting of certain restricted stock units. In addition, we had $26.3 million in net borrowings on our revolving line of credit during the period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we received net proceeds of $3.8 million from the issuance of Series A preferred stock, and received proceeds of $3.3 million under the promissory note to JPMorgan Chase, N.A. through the U.S. Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program, which was repaid in December 2020.

JPMorgan Revolving Credit Facility

On March 29, 2021, we and certain of our direct and indirect subsidiaries entered into a Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, issuing bank and swingline lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto. The JPMorgan Credit Facility replaced the Encina Credit Facility. The JPMorgan Credit Facility is due on the earlier of March 29, 2024 or any earlier date on which the revolving commitments are reduced to zero.

The JPMorgan Credit Facility has been amended since its origination in connection with modifications to increase the borrowing limit and to consent to the Term Loan.

The three-year JPMorgan Credit Facility has a borrowing limit of $100 million subject to customary conditions. The Revolver maintains an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.95% and has a 0.0% LIBOR floor. A fee of 0.25% per annum is charged for available but unused borrowings as defined.

The JPMorgan Credit Facility maintains certain reporting requirements, affirmative covenants, negative covenants and financial covenants ("debt covenants"). The financial covenants include that we must maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.1x on a rolling twelve-month basis. The JPMorgan Obligors were in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, the JPMorgan Obligors had approximately $78.6 million available to borrow under the JPMorgan Credit Facility of which $51.8 million was unused.

The JPMorgan Credit Facility is secured by our assets and the assets of certain of our subsidiaries obligated under the JPMorgan Credit Facility.

Senior Secured Term Loan

On October 25, 2021, we and certain of our direct and indirect subsidiaries entered into the Term Loan with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent for certain lenders, pursuant to which we borrowed a $125.0 million senior secured term loan. The Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR (with a 1.0% floor) plus 5.50%, or an alternative base rate (with a 2.0% floor), plus 4.50%, and is subject to a call premium of 2% in year one, 1% in year two, and 0% thereafter, and matures on October 25, 2028. We received estimated net proceeds of $119.2 million from the Term Loan after deducting discounts and deferred financing costs.

The Term Loan requires us to maintain certain reporting requirements, affirmative covenants, and negative covenants. The Term Loan is secured by a first lien on the non-working capital assets of the Company and a second lien on the working capital assets. We may request additional term loan commitments subject to certain loan conditions.

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Emerging Growth Company Status

We are an emerging growth company as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, companies have extended transition periods available for complying with new or revised accounting standards. We have elected this exemption to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies.

In addition, we intend to rely on the other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, we are entitled to rely on certain exemptions as an emerging growth company, we are not required to, among other things, (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b), (ii) provide all of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis), and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation-related items. These exemptions will apply for a period of five years following the completion of our IPO or until we no longer meet the requirements of being an emerging growth company, whichever is earlier. We expect that we will no longer be an emerging growth company on December 31, 2021.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preceding discussion and analysis of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The 2020 Annual Report includes additional information about us, our operations, our financial condition, our critical accounting policies and accounting estimates, and should be read in conjunction with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

In consideration of recent business combinations, we are updating our critical accounting policies and estimates to include business combinations and goodwill.

Business Combinations

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for under the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition date fair value of assets transferred, liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interest issued in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred.

When the consideration transferred in a business combination includes a contingent consideration arrangement, which is where we may have the obligation to transfer additional assets or equity interest to the former owners if specified future events or conditions are met, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition date fair value and is included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Contingent consideration is classified as a liability when the obligation requires settlement in cash or other assets and is classified as equity when the obligation requires settlement in our own equity instruments. Changes in fair value of contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the measurement period, which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date, about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. All other subsequent changes in fair value of contingent consideration classified as a liability are included in net income in the period and changes in fair value of contingent consideration classified as equity are not recognized.

For a given acquisition, we may identify certain pre-acquisition contingencies as of the acquisition date and we may extend our review and evaluation of these pre-acquisition contingencies throughout the measurement period in order to obtain sufficient information to assess these contingencies as part of acquisition accounting.

Goodwill is measure as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer's previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net acquisition-date fair value amounts of the identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, we report provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period, or additional assets or liabilities are recognized to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have effected the amounts recognized at the time. Upon conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of the assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever occurs first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to net income (loss).

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination less any subsequent write-downs for impairment. We evaluate the carrying amount of goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of each year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying may not be recoverable. When testing for goodwill impairment, we first perform a Step 0 test. If qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the relevant reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level using a two-step approach. In step one, we determine if the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit's carrying value. If step one indicates that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, we perform step two, determining the fair value of goodwill and if the carrying value exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment charge is recorded.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of economic losses due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our primary market risk has been interest rate, foreign currency and inflation risk. We do not have material exposure to commodity risk.

Interest Rate Risk

We currently have no material exposure to interest rate risk from investments. In the future, we intend to invest our excess cash primarily in money market funds, debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies and in high quality corporate bonds and commercial paper. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we do not believe that there will be material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments.

Foreign Currency Risk

The functional currencies of our foreign subsidiary operations are predominantly in the Canadian dollar (“CAD”) and the Euro. For the purposes of presenting these consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with CAD or Euro functional currencies are translated into USD using exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average rate prevailing during the period with exchange differences impacting other comprehensive income (loss) in equity. Therefore, our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, principally the CAD.

However, we believe that the exposure to foreign currency fluctuation from product sales and operating expenses is not significant at this time as the related product sales and costs do not constitute a significant portion of our total net sales and expenses. As we grow and expand the geographic reach of our operations, our exposure to foreign currency risk could become more significant. To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency exchange contracts and currently do not expect to enter into foreign currency exchange contracts for trading or speculative purposes.

Impact of Inflation

Our results of operations and financial condition are presented based on historical costs. While it is difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required, we believe the effects of inflation, if any, on our historical results of operations and financial condition have been immaterial. However, we cannot provide assurances that our results of operations and financial condition will not be materially impacted by inflation in the future.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation and supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2021 due to the material weaknesses previously disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report.

A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Our management determined that the previously disclosed material weaknesses have not been remediated as of September 30, 2021. These material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

We have taken several actions towards remediating these material weaknesses. In particular, we (i) hired and continue to hire, additional qualified accounting and financial reporting personnel with technical and/or public company experience, (ii) implemented new control procedures over certain areas previously deemed ineffective related to the preparation, review, and analysis of accounting information and financial statements and (iii) engaged and continue to engage an external advisor to assist management in completing a Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliant risk assessment, creating detailed control documentation for in-scope business and information technology processes, identifying further control gaps and providing assistance on remediation procedures, and designing and implementing a Sarbanes-Oxley Act sub-certification process. Although we have taken steps to address the material weaknesses, we are still in the process of completing the remediation; we cannot assure you that the steps we are taking will be sufficient to remediate our material weaknesses or prevent future material weaknesses or significant deficiencies from occurring.

We can give no assurance that additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial statements that could result in a restatement of our financial statements and cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

Other than disclosed above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise, in the ordinary course of business. We are currently not aware of any legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

For a discussion of risk factors, please read Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our 2020 Annual Report and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2021.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

(a)Exhibits.


Exhibit						Description

2.1+†						Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2021, by and among Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc., Greenstar Plant Products Inc., GSPP Investments Inc., Funance Productions Corp., Michael Nemirow, and 13213684 Canada Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-39773) filed with the SEC on August 3, 2021).
10.1+						First Amendment and Joinder to Credit Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2021, by and among Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc., Hydrofarm, LLC, Hydrofarm Investment Corp., Hydrofarm Holdings LLC, EHH Holdings LLC, Sunblaster LLC, Hydrofarm Canada, LLC, Sunblaster Holdings ULC, Eddi’s Wholesale Garden Supplies Ltd., Field 16, LLC, House & Garden, Inc., Humboldt Wholesale, Inc., Aurora Innovations, LLC, House & Garden Holdings, LLC, Gotham Properties LLC, Aurora International, LLC, Allied Imports & Logistics, Inc., Aurora Peat Products ULC, Greenstar Plant Products Inc., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-39773) filed with the SEC on September 7, 2021).
10.2*+						Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and among Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc., Hydrofarm, LLC, Field 16, LLC, House & Garden, Inc., Humboldt Wholesale, Inc., Aurora Innovations, LLC, Hydrofarm Investment Corp., Hydrofarm Holdings LLC, EHH Holdings LLC, Sunblaster LLC, Hydrofarm Canada, LLC, Sunblaster Holdings ULC, Eddi’s Wholesale Garden Supplies Ltd., House & Garden Holdings, LLC, Gotham Properties LLC, Aurora International, LLC, Allied Imports & Logistics, Inc., Aurora Peat Products ULC, Greenstar Plant Products Inc., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
10.3*+						Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and among Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc., the other credit parties party thereto, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
31.1*						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*#						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*#						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101. INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Schema Linkbase Document.
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Labels Linkbase Document.
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Filed herewith.

# The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not be deemed “filed” by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall they be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

+ Certain schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

† Certain confidential portions (indicated by brackets and asterisks) have been omitted from this exhibit.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


			Hydrofarm Holdings Group, Inc.

Date: November 15, 2021			/s/ William Toler
			William Toler
			Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)




Date: November 15, 2021			/s/ B. John Lindeman
			B. John Lindeman
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)