Ideal Power Inc. - Quarter Report: 2015 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015

OR

For the transition period from ______________ to _______________

Commission File Number 001-36216

IDEAL POWER INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

4120 Freidrich Lane, Suite 100

Austin, Texas 78744

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(512) 264-1542

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer,” and “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ¨   No  x

At May 4, 2015, the issuer had 7,084,953 shares of common stock, par value $.001, issued and outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

IDEAL POWER INC.

Balance Sheets

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Operations

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

Ideal Power Inc.

Notes to Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Description of Business

Ideal Power Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Texas on May 17, 2007 under the name Ideal Power Converters, Inc. The Company changed its name to Ideal Power Inc. on July 8, 2013 and re-incorporated in Delaware on July 15, 2013. With headquarters in Austin, Texas, it develops power conversion solutions with an initial focus on stand-alone commercial and industrial grid storage, combined solar and storage, and microgrid applications. The principal products of the Company are power conversion systems, including dual-port and multi-port battery converters.

Since its inception, the Company has generated limited revenues from the sale of products and has financed its research and development efforts and operations primarily through proceeds from its initial public offering and governmental grants and, prior to its initial public offering, the issuance of convertible debt.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The balance sheet at December 31, 2014 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These changes had no impact on total revenue, loss from operations or net loss.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring and other adjustments necessary for a fair presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year or any other future periods.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. In limited instances, the Company may require an upfront deposit and, in most cases, the Company does charge interest on past due amounts. Management estimates the allowance for doubtful accounts based on review and analysis of specific customer balances that may not be collectible and how recently payments have been received. Accounts are considered for write-off when they become past due and when it is determined that the probability of collection is remote.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first in, first out method) or market value. Inventory quantities on hand are reviewed regularly and a write-down for excess and obsolete inventory is recorded based primarily on an estimated forecast of product demand, market conditions and planned design changes.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Major additions and improvements are capitalized while maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the useful life of the respective asset are expensed. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the asset or the related leases. Estimated useful lives of the principal classes of assets are as follows:

Patents

Patents are recorded at cost. The Company capitalizes third party legal costs and filing fees associated with obtaining patents on its new discoveries. Once the patents have been issued, the Company amortizes these costs over the shorter of the legal life of the patent or its estimated economic life, generally 20 years, using the straight-line method.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The long-lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment no less frequently than annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the cost of any long-lived assets may be impaired, an evaluation of recoverability is performed.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether or not the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization of financial assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable. As of the balance sheet dates, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments were not materially different from their carrying values as presented on the balance sheets. This is primarily attributed to the short maturities of these instruments. The Company did not identify any other non-recurring assets and liabilities that are required to be presented in the balance sheets at fair value.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from product sales is recognized when the risks of loss and title pass to the customer, as specified in (1) the respective sales agreements and (2) other revenue recognition criteria as prescribed by Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 101 (SAB 101), “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements,” as amended by SAB No. 104, “Revenue Recognition”. The Company generally sells its products FOB shipping and recognizes revenue when products are shipped.

The Company receives payments from government entities in the form of government grants. Government grants are agreements that generally provide the Company with cost reimbursement for certain types of research and development activities over a contractually defined period. Revenues from government grants are recognized in the period during which the Company incurs the related costs, provided that the Company has incurred the cost in accordance with the specifications and work plans determined between the Company and the government entity. Costs incurred related to the grants are recorded as grant research and development costs. At December 31, 2014, we had recognized all grant revenues related to the ARPA-E grant. Grant receivables were $132,227 at December 31, 2014, respectively, and were included in accounts receivable. At March 31, 2015, all outstanding grant receivables had been collected.

Product Warranties

The Company generally provides a ten year manufacturer’s warranty covering product defects. Accruals for product warranties are estimated based upon limited historical warranty experience, engineering experience and judgment, and a third party assessment of the reliability of the Company’s 30kW products. Accruals for product warranties are recorded in cost of revenues at the time revenue is recognized in order to match revenues with related expenses. The Company assesses the adequacy of its estimated warranty liability quarterly and adjusts the reserve, included in accrued expenses, as necessary.

Research and Development

Grant research and development are costs incurred solely related to grant revenues, and are classified as a line item under cost of revenues. Other research and development costs are presented as a line item under operating expenses and are expensed as incurred. Total research and development costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 amounted to $992,232 and $512,446. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, $202,883 was related to grant research and was included in cost of revenues.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using an asset and liability approach which allows for the recognition and measurement of deferred tax assets based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach, deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future deductibility is uncertain. At March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company has established a full reserve against all deferred tax assets.

Tax benefits from an uncertain tax position are recognized only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company applies FASB ASC 260, “Earnings per Share.” Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing earnings (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed similar to basic earnings (loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include additional common shares available upon exercise of stock options and warrants using the treasury stock method, except for periods for which no common share equivalents are included because their effect would be anti-dilutive. At March 31, 2015 and 2014, potentially dilutive shares outstanding amounted to 2,951,294 and 2,400,663, respectively.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company applies FASB ASC 718, “Stock Compensation,” when recording stock based compensation. The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes valuation model are as follows:

Grant Price - The grant price of the issuances are determined based on the closing share price on the date of grant.

Risk-free interest rate - The risk free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury securities at the time of grant with an equivalent term of the expected life of the award.

Expected lives - As permitted by SAB 107, due to the Company's insufficient history of option activity, we utilize the simplified approach to estimate the options’ expected term, calculated as the midpoint between the vesting period and the contractual life of the award.

Expected volatility – Volatility is determined based on management's estimate or historical volatilities of comparable companies.

Expected dividend yield – Dividend yield is based on current yield at the grant date or the average dividend yield over the historical period. The Company has never declared or paid dividends and has no plans to do so in the foreseeable future.

The Company accounts for stock issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 505-50 “Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees.” FASB ASC 505-50 states that equity instruments that are issued in exchange for the receipt of goods or services should be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date occurs as of the earlier of (a) the date at which a performance commitment is reached or (b) absent a performance commitment, the date at which the performance necessary to earn the equity instruments is complete (that is, the vesting date).

Presentation of Sales Taxes

Certain states impose a sales tax on the Company’s sales to nonexempt customers. The Company collects that sales tax from customers and remits the entire amount to the states. The Company’s accounting policy is to exclude the tax collected and remitted to the states from revenues and cost of revenues.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable. The Company maintains its cash with a major financial institution located in the United States. Balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. The Company maintains balances in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk regarding its cash and cash equivalents.

The Company encounters a certain amount of risk as a result of a concentration of revenue from a few significant customers. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition. In limited instances, the Company may require an upfront deposit and, in most cases, the Company does charge interest on past due amounts. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and records an allowance for potential bad debts based on available information. 

The Company had revenue from three customers which accounted for 51%, 13% and 13% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and revenue from a customer which accounted for 33% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The Company also had revenue from a government entity that accounted for 63% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

The Company had receivable balances from two customers that accounted for 72% of trade receivables at March 31, 2015. The Company had receivable balances from three customers that accounted for 92% of trade receivables at December 31, 2014.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The updated standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. Early adoption is not permitted. The updated standard becomes effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The adoption of the updated standard is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if adopted, will have a material effect on the financial statements.

Note 3 – Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

For the three months ended March 31, 2015, a $24,775 trade receivable from a customer was written-off as it was determined that the probability of collection is remote. The receivable had been fully reserved at December 31, 2014. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts as of March 31, 2015.

Note 4 – Inventories

Inventories, net consisted of the following:

For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company recorded a $24,249 write-off of inventory, of which $14,079 had been fully reserved at December 31, 2014, and a favorable adjustment of $26,624 to eliminate the remaining reserve as it was determined that planned design changes that originally necessitated the establishment of the reserve would be delayed. There was no reserve for obsolescence at March 31, 2015.

Note 5 – Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

Note 6 – Patents

Patents, net consisted of the following:

For the three months ended March 31, 2015, capitalized patent costs of $69,482 were written off as the Company chose to discontinue pursuit of the associated patents. The expense associated with the write-offs is included in general and administrative expenses.

Note 7 – Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

Note 8 – Commitments

The Company has entered into a lease for 14,782 square feet of office and laboratory space located in Austin, Texas. The triple net lease has a term of 48 months and commenced on June 1, 2014. The annual base rent in the first year of the lease was $154,324 and increases by $3,548 in each succeeding year of the lease. In addition, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of operating costs for the building. The Company has a one-time option to terminate the lease on May 31, 2017 with a termination payment of approximately $99,000 if it elects to exercise this option. Upon entering the lease agreement, the Company paid the landlord a security deposit of $35,840 that is to be repaid, provided the Company is not in default on any of its obligations under the lease, one-half after eighteen months and the remainder at the end of the lease term.

At March 31, 2015, the remaining annual base rent commitments under the lease, assuming no early termination, are as follows:

The Company incurred rent expense of $54,211 and $10,652 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Note 9 — Equity Incentive Plan

On May 17, 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and reserved 487,932 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan, including stock options, stock awards and stock bonuses. The maximum number of shares that may be granted under the Plan will be increased effective the first day of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters provided that the number of shares that may be granted under the Plan does not exceed 839,983 shares. At March 31, 2015, 135,677 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the Plan.

The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. The persons eligible to participate in the Plan are employees (including officers), members of the Board of Directors, consultants and other independent advisors and contractors who provide services to the Company. Options issued under the Plan may have a term of up to ten years and may have variable vesting. The typical vesting schedule for stock options awarded under the Plan is a four year annual vesting schedule for employees and a one year quarterly vesting schedule for Board members. On March 26, 2015, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment to the Plan, subject to stockholder approval at the Company’s 2015 annual meeting, which increases the shares available for issuance under the Plan by 1,250,000 shares.

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company granted 38,502 stock options to Board members and 24,100 stock options to employees. The estimated fair value of stock options granted under the Plan in the three months ended March 31, 2015, calculated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, was $260,725, of which $39,779 was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, 18,464 options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised. The Company issued 17,902 shares of common stock and 562 options were cancelled to satisfy the exercise price of options exercised on a cashless basis. Net proceeds received from option exercises were $84,813 during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

At March 31, 2015, there was $3,493,360 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.1 years.

Note 10 — Warrants

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, there were no warrants exercised to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. At March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were 1,564,108 warrants outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $4.48. The shares underlying the warrants have not been registered. Warrants to purchase 21,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were unvested at March 31, 2015.

Note 11 — Resignation Agreement

On January 9, 2015, the Company entered into a Resignation and Release Agreement (the “Resignation Agreement”) with Paul Bundschuh, the Company’s former Chief Marketing Officer. Under the terms of the Resignation Agreement, Mr. Bundschuh is to receive the full severance benefits to which he would have been entitled under his employment agreement if he had been terminated without cause. In addition, 10,000 stock options previously issued to Mr. Bundschuh and scheduled to vest on December 31, 2015 were immediately vested upon execution of the Resignation Agreement and recorded an expense of $26,067. The Company recorded an additional accrual of $140,000 related to the Resignation Agreement. At March 31, 2015, the remaining balance was $87,507 and is included in accrued expenses.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can find many (but not all) of these statements by looking for words such as “approximates,” “believes,” “hopes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or other similar expressions in this report. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products, applications, customers, technologies, future performance or results of anticipated products, expenses, and financial results. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

The forward-looking statements are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions and are made as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included in this report. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, the terms “Ideal Power,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Ideal Power Inc.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited 2014 financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical information, the discussion and analysis here and throughout this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited, to those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report.

OVERVIEW

Ideal Power is located in Austin, Texas. We have developed an electronic power conversion technology called Power Packet Switching Architecture (“PPSA”). PPSA is a new universal power conversion technology intended to improve upon current power conversion technology in key product metrics, such as weight, size, cost, efficiency and flexibility. PPSA utilizes standardized hardware with application specific embedded software. We have been granted 19 United States patents and 4 international patents on PPSA and its applications, and are continuing to build an intellectual property portfolio around it. The electronic power conversion industry’s vertical markets are large and include power conversion systems for residential, commercial, and utility-scale renewable energy systems, including photovoltaic (“PV”) systems, battery energy storage systems (“BESS”), microgrids, electric vehicle (“EV”) fast chargers, variable frequency drives (“VFDs”) for motors, and on-board power converters for electric vehicles. Due to the design advantages inherent in its PPSA technology, the Company believes it can provide solutions that are both efficient and economically advantageous to many of these markets.

Ideal Power’s initial product focus provides solutions for high-growth markets such as battery energy storage systems, integrated renewable energy and storage, and microgrid applications. The Company has designed its products to target commercial and industrial applications, which it believes have the highest economic value and fastest growth potential in these vertical markets. Within its product family, the Company offers value-enhancing solutions for integrating renewable energy with storage systems as well as microgrid capabilities for grid resiliency and off-grid power.

Currently, the Company’s products are designed by Ideal Power, manufactured by contract manufacturers, and sold by Ideal Power both directly to its customers and through a distribution channel partner. The Company may consider additional go-to-market strategies in the future including but not limited to product licensing arrangements with leading global electronics companies. Such arrangements could allow for regional manufacturers to build the Company’s products under license for specific markets or specific applications.

The Company was founded on May 17, 2007. To date, operations have been funded primarily through the sale of common stock, U.S. Department of Energy grants and, prior to its initial public offering, issuance of convertible debt. Total revenue generated from inception to date at March 31, 2015 amounted to $7,275,187 with approximately a third of that revenue coming from government grants. The Company has applied these revenues to research and product development, thereby reducing its capital requirements. The Company may continue to pursue research and development grants, if and when available, for the purpose of developing new products and improving current products. The Company can make no assurances that additional grants will be available in the future.

Business Strategy

The Company’s business strategy is to promote and expand the uses of its PPSA technology initially through product development and product sales, potentially followed by licensing product designs to other OEMs all while continuing to innovate and expand the Company’s intellectual property portfolio in the power conversion space. To bring its products to market, the Company will seek out best-in-class partners who will build Ideal Power’s innovative products into higher value products, which the Company believes will result in multiple strategic sales channels with Ideal Power’s core PPSA technology as a key aspect of a system. Additionally, the Company has begun to partner with battery manufacturers, who will offer a battery system to end users which has been sized to pair with the Company's power conversion products. These systems will be sold to system installers and electrical contractors and end-user customers. The Company currently serves this channel through a distribution agreement with Rexel / Gexpro who will inventory its products to best meet the broad needs of this rapidly growing industry.

Our Products

The Company has developed products commercializing its PPSA technology and makes these products available for sale both directly to customers and through a distributor. The Company is currently selling six power conversion products utilizing its patented PPSA technology. These products are described as follows:

Future Innovations

Ideal Power continues to focus its long-term development efforts on next-generation power switches, including the Bi-Directional Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (“BD-IGBT”). Standard, single-direction IGBTs are widely used in power conversion systems today. In conventional power conversion systems, IGBT’s are used as power switches to conduct and block current in a single direction. Ideal Power believes that its technology can potentially be even more efficient. With new, bi-directional power switches conducting and blocking current in both directions, Ideal Power believes that it may be able to replace two traditional IGBT’s and two diodes with one new BD-IGBT in its systems, potentially enabling even higher efficiency and further reducing material costs which may further enhance the market competitiveness of Ideal Power’s products and core PPSA technology.

Our BD-IGBT development effort was partially funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s $2.5 million ARPA-E grant. The grant funds were fully utilized at December 31, 2014 and the Company is self-funding current development efforts.

The Company believes that the commercialization of these next generation power switches may further improve the Company’s advantages in efficiency, weight and cost across its entire range of products. Among other efforts in this area, Ideal Power is actively filing patents on this core technology, the semiconductor processing techniques involved, and the variety of applications for these new power switches. If the Company is successful in its efforts to commercialize these new power switches, it will extend the Company’s product performance advantages in efficiency, power density, reliability, and cost in its current market applications, as well as accelerate its ability to deliver disruptive solutions in larger mature markets.

Targeted Markets

The Commercial BESS Market

The commercial and industrial battery energy storage system (“BESS”) market is the primary vertical power conversion market for the Company’s 30kW Battery Converter, Grid-Resilient 30kW Power Conversion System, and Grid-Resilient 125kW Power Conversion System. These products are currently being sold to commercial BESS integrators such as Sharp Electronics, Green Charge Networks, EOS Energy, and Coda Energy. As these products gain traction in the market with these and other customers, the Company believes that it is well positioned to emerge as the market-leader in power conversion solutions to the commercial and industrial segment of the BESS vertical and will benefit from this market’s rapid growth.

The primary value proposition for commercial or industrial BESS is to reduce monthly utility demand charges. For example, the cost of installing commercial BESS in California may be recovered over a period of three to five years when combined with high demand charges and the State’s Self Generation Incentive Program. Increasing demand charges and lower system costs should also make commercial BESS solutions financially attractive to commercial businesses in New York, where systems are already being installed, and in many other states. The Company expects the cost of commercial and industrial BESS systems to continue to decline due primarily to lower battery costs. Many larger BESS installations have traditionally used several of our 30kW Battery Converters. With direct customer feedback, the Company developed its new 125kW products to help reduce installation and system costs for these larger installations. The Company believes the combination of lower BESS costs, third-party financing, continued increases in utility demand charges, and the continued entrance of large, established companies to the BESS space will all contribute to accelerating market growth.

Commercial BESS with PV Systems

Commercial and industrial BESS systems are able to generate value far beyond peak demand reduction. The Company believes it will become increasingly attractive to co-locate BESS systems with distributed PV. IHS, a global research firm with a renewable industry focus, forecasts that global installations of grid-tied commercial BESS systems coupled with PV, a subset of the battery and microgrid market, will grow 111% annually from 2014 to over 600 MW of BESS systems by 2018. Also according to IHS, the global PV industry is projected to grow from 45GW of annual installations in 2014 to 71GW in 2018. The growth rate of the industry during the next few years is projected to slow to 11% CAGR from a 21% CAGR between 2012 and 2014. Providing a new generation of solutions with integrated energy storage will enable the PV industry to address new markets with high growth potential. These new PV+BESS markets include providing backup power during blackouts, improving grid stability in high penetration PV areas and reducing diesel fuel consumption in remote off-grid microgrids. In the event of a grid failure, grid-tied PV installations are not capable of operating independently. For example, during Superstorm Sandy grid-tied PV installations without energy storage would not operate. Systems incorporating Ideal Power’s mulit-port power conversion systems along with PV and a BESS will be capable of providing backup power during grid blackouts. The Company expects its multi-port products to be attractive to existing customers as a low-cost system upgrade to improve integration of PV. The Company further expects its products to provide competitive solutions for these market requirements.

Microgrid Applications

PV has one of the lowest levelized costs of energy for new electrical generation capacity and this is expected to remain true in the near term. Over the next decade the greatest demand for new power generation capacity is likely to occur in regions with less reliable power grids such as Southeast Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Central and South America. Remote communities and infrastructure in these regions are more likely to depend on expensive diesel generators for their primary fuel supply and may not have a utility power grid to access for high quality, reliable power.

In contrast to grid-tied BESS and PV applications that we expect to be driven by North American installations, we expect off-grid BESS and PV applications to rapidly be installed across many regions including Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Africa and the Middle East. IHS recently forecasted the off grid microgrid BESS installations with PV market to reach 400MW by 2018. We feel that our 30kW and 125kW hybrid converters offer a superior solution for these applications.

The Company believes that its award-winning multi-port power conversion architecture is a highly attractive solution for integrating BESS, PV and diesel generators for both grid-tied and off grid markets. Customer and industry forecasts indicate that these markets will grow dramatically in the coming years, and the Company expects to benefit from this growth.

Other Markets

Although our technology may be suitable for VFD and additional vertical markets within the global power conversion market landscape, Ideal Power does not currently offer products for sale directly to the VFD, uninterruptible power supply, rail, wind, or EV traction drive markets. Ideal Power products are suitable for use as PV inverters but this market is saturated with incumbents offering devices that are single-direction and suitable only for this application. As such, while Ideal Power does have a number of PV inverters in field service today, the stand-alone PV inverter market is not a primary growth market for the Company. As discussed above, the Company is instead focused on PV integrated BESS applications for its multi-port products where the fullest potential of its technology can be utilized.

In addition to the markets discussed above, the Company has opportunities for market expansion into fast electric vehicle chargers in certain applications where its products compact size and multi-port capabilities can unlock value for the system integrator particularly in locations where battery storage is coupled with the charging system to eliminate demand charges or expand the charging systems response capabilities. The Company also sees future potential in the commercial wind turbine market where we received our first order in 2014. The customer plans to use Ideal Power products in a new 100kW turbine to serve agricultural load requirements.

Ideal Power plans to continue to monitor all power conversion markets for opportunities to create solutions for customers which unlock the value of the Company’s patented technology.

Plan of Operation

Ideal Power has completed development, UL Certification, and commercialization for its first two products and has launched four additional products that are actively being developed with plans to obtain UL Certification for three of these products in 2015. All four of these new products have firm customer orders behind them. The Company’s 30kW Battery Converter is being ordered and deployed by market-leading customers at increasing volumes for commercial and industrial applications.

With the introduction of our new grid-resilient 30kW 2-port and multi-port conversion systems as well as our grid-resilient 125kW 2-port and multi-port power conversion systems, the Company now offers a family of fully compatible products for broad and rapidly growing power conversion markets. Ideal Power products are well suited for commercial and industrial scale energy storage systems, systems combining PV and storage, and for on-grid and off-grid microgrid applications integrating the Company’s power conversion systems with batteries, photovoltaics, diesel, wind and other types of distributed generation in a flexible, modular approach. By using multiple 125kW products in parallel, customers can cost effectively deploy systems to up to many megawatts in scale. 

Ideal Power is further developing its technology to allow it to launch additional products, enhance its competitive advantages and enter other large vertical markets. The Company’s goal is to establish PPSA as the leading technology for electronic power conversion for several large markets through both product sales and potentially licensing in selected geographies and markets. The Company’s objectives are to continue to commercialize its technology through the development of a variety of power conversion products and expand its channels to target markets. Ideal Power may eventually license the manufacture of its products to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and, in certain markets, directly to large customers.

We expect to continue to use the net proceeds received from the initial public offering of our common stock for new product research, new product and existing product development, the commercialization of our products, protection of our intellectual property, purchases of property and equipment and for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The net cash proceeds from the initial public offering of our common stock totaled approximately $15 million. Our actual and anticipated costs include employee salaries and benefits, compensation paid to consultants, capital costs for research and development lab and other equipment, costs associated with development activities, legal expenses, sales and marketing costs, general and administrative expenses, and other costs associated with an early stage, publicly-traded technology company. We added 12 employees from our initial public offering through March 31, 2015 and anticipate increasing the number of employees of the Company by approximately 5 – 10 employees by the end of 2015. However, this increase is highly dependent on the nature of our development efforts. We have added and anticipate adding employees in the areas of research and development and product engineering and, to a lesser extent, sales and marketing and general and administrative functions as required to support our efforts. We have and expect to incur consulting expenses related to technology development and other efforts as well as legal and related expenses to protect our intellectual property. We also have incurred and expect to incur capital expenditures for the purchase of testing and other lab equipment and leasehold improvements.

The amounts that we actually spend for any specific purpose may vary significantly and will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the pace of progress of our commercialization and development efforts, actual needs with respect to product testing, development and research, market conditions and changes in or revisions to our marketing strategies. In addition, although we do not have any plans for acquisitions at this time, we may use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire complementary products, technologies or businesses.

We received an award of $2.5 million from ARPA-E. Through December 31, 2014, we had recognized the full amount of the award under this grant. This award was used in the development of our BD-IGBT power switches and other related power semi-conductor technology. While we currently successfully use commodity silicon IGBT and diode components in our products, we are developing BD-IGBT devices that we believe could significantly improve the efficiency, weight and manufacturing costs of our products as well as have broader potential applications. We have run successful simulations on the BD-IGBT power switches and have begun initial runs of prototype switches at our semiconductor fabrication subcontractor.

Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes during the three months ended March 31, 2015 to the critical accounting policies disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2015 to the three months ended March 31, 2014

Revenues.   Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2015 of $1,197,991 were $906,896, or 312%, higher than the $291,095 we earned in revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in revenue was driven by a $1,089,491 increase in product revenues, primarily associated with sales of our 30kW Battery Converter.

There were no grant revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to grant revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2014 of $182,595. At December 31, 2014, we had recognized all grant revenues related to the ARPA-E grant.

Cost of Revenues.   Cost of revenues increased for the three months ended March 31, 2015, to $1,019,501 compared to $397,224 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 due to $825,160 increase in product cost of revenue partially offset by a $202,883 decrease in grant research and development costs. The increase was primarily due to higher unit sales volumes compared to the three months ended March 31, 2014, as well as higher personnel costs of $76,931. The decrease in grant research and development costs is due to the ARPA-E grant being fully funded at December 31, 2014.

Gross Profit (Loss).   Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $178,490 compared to a gross loss for the three months ended March 31, 2014 of $106,129. Our gross profit was due to the impact of $1,089,491 of higher product sales compared to the three months March ended 31, 2014. Gross profit was also negatively impacted due to increased engineering personnel costs as we added resources to support our existing products.

 Research and Development Expenses.   Research and development expenses increased by $682,669, or 221%, to $992,232 in the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $309,563 in the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase was due primarily to higher personnel costs of $199,672 and stock-based compensation of $41,695 as we added both firmware and hardware engineering personnel. We also recognized $180,571 of costs related to advanced power switch development as we self-funded these efforts in the three months ended March 31, 2015 after fully utilizing the ARPA-E grant program funding in December 2015 and $162,851 of additional supplies and materials used in the ongoing development of new product prototypes.

General and Administrative Expenses.   General and administrative expenses increased by $165,809, or 22%, to $910,777 in the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $744,968 in the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase was due primarily to higher stock-based compensation of $95,697 and higher legal and patent fees of $58,094 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2014.

 Sales and Marketing Expenses.   Sales and marketing expenses increased by $204,733, or 76%, to $472,952 in the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $268,219 in the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase was due primarily to severance costs of $139,955, higher contract labor costs of $36,660, personnel costs of $21,714 and stock-based compensation of $16,422.

Loss from Operations.   Due to the increase in our operating expense which is partially offset by our gross profit, our loss from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $2,197,471 or 54% higher than the $1,428,879 loss from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Interest Income.   Interest income decreased from $8,137 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $4,473 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as the balance of the money market account declined.

Net Loss.   As a result of a higher loss from operations, our net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2015, was $2,192,998 as compared to a net loss of $1,420,742 for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Although our revenues have increased every full calendar year from the date of our inception, we do not generate enough revenue to sustain our operations. Our revenues are derived from the sales of our products and from grants we have received for the development of our technology. We have primarily funded our operations through the sale of common stock, U.S. Department of Energy grants and, prior to its initial public offering, issuance of convertible debt.

At March 31, 2015, we had cash and cash equivalents of $6,169,375. Our net working capital and long-term debt at March 31, 2015 were $5,796,263 and $0, respectively.

Operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2015 resulted in cash outflows of $1,592,263, which were due primarily to the net loss for the period of $2,192,998, partly offset by non-cash items of $464,460, related primarily to stock-based compensation, and positive working capital changes of $136,275. Operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2014 resulted in cash outflows of $1,517,477, which were due primarily to the net loss for the period of $1,420,742 and negative working capital changes of $328,353, partly offset by non-cash items, related primarily to stock-based compensation, of $231,618.

Investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 resulted in cash outflows of $235,186 and $175,068, respectively, for development of patents and acquisition of fixed assets.

Financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2015 resulted in cash inflows of $84,813 related to stock options exercises. Financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2014 resulted in cash outflows of $9.

On December 1, 2014, the Company filed a Form S-3 shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The registration statement allows the Company to offer up to an aggregate $75 million of common stock, preferred stock, warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock or any combination thereof and provides the Company with the flexibility over three years to potentially raise additional equity in a public or private offering on commercial terms.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

We do not have any off-balance sheet transactions.

Trends, Events and Uncertainties

Research and development of new technologies is, by its nature, unpredictable. Although we will undertake development efforts with commercially reasonable diligence, there can be no assurance that the net proceeds from the initial public offering of our common stock will be sufficient to enable us to develop our technology to the extent needed to create future sales to sustain operations as contemplated herein. If the net proceeds from the initial public offering of our common stock are insufficient for this purpose, we will consider other options to continue our path to commercialization, including, but not limited to, additional financing through follow-on stock offerings, debt financing, co-development agreements, curtailment of operations, suspension of operations, sale or licensing of developed intellectual or other property, or other alternatives.

We cannot assure you that our technology will be adopted, that we will ever earn revenues sufficient to support our operations, or that we will ever be profitable. Furthermore, since we have no committed source of financing, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise money as and when we need it to continue our operations. If we cannot raise funds as and when we need them, we may be required to severely curtail, or even to cease, our operations.

Other than as discussed above and elsewhere in this report, we are not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition.

As a smaller reporting company we are not required to provide this information.

Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Act”) is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer), has concluded that, as of March 31, 2015, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There have been no other material changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

There are no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our initial public offering of our common stock on registration statement number 333-190414, declared effective on November 21, 2013, raised approximately $15 million in net cash proceeds after expenses. Through March 31, 2015, we used approximately $9 million of the net cash proceeds from the offering. These funds were used as follows: $601,000 for protection of our intellectual property, $501,000 for purchase of equipment and software and the remainder for our operations, including research and development and general and working capital purposes. None of the proceeds were used for construction of plant, building and facilities, the purchase of real estate or the acquisition of any business.

Not applicable

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

*Filed herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant, has duly, caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.