Identiv, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2015 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015

OR

For the transition period from              to             

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-29440

IDENTIV, INC.

(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)

2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 310

Fremont, California 94538

(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES INCLUDING ZIP CODE)

(949) 250-8888

(REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)

N/A

(FORMER NAME, FORMER ADDRESS AND FORMER FISCAL YEAR, IF CHANGED SINCE LAST REPORT)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ¨    No  þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  þ

At March 6, 2016, 10,746,911 shares of common stock were outstanding.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Identiv, Inc. is filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q late due to an investigation undertaken by a special committee of the Board of Directors, which investigation was completed in late 2015.  For more information, please see Note 14, Subsequent Events, included in Item 1. Unless otherwise indicated, the information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is as of as March 31, 2015.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited; in thousands, except par value)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

Three Months Ended March 31, 2015

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDENTIV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2015

1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Identiv, Inc. (“Identiv” or the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2015 or any future period. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements necessarily requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the condensed consolidated balance sheet dates and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the periods presented. The Company may experience significant variations in demand for its products quarter to quarter and typically experiences a stronger demand cycle in the second half of its fiscal year. As a result, the quarterly results may not be indicative of the full year results. The December 31, 2014 balance sheet was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date.

Concentration of Credit Risk — One customer represented 21% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2015, and one customer represented 15% of net revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2014.   One customer represented 12% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at March 31, 2015.  Two customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2014 with each customer accounting for approximately 12% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at year end.

Discontinued Operations — Financial information related to certain divested businesses of the Company is reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented as discussed in Note 2, Discontinued Operations. Reclassifications of prior period amounts related to discontinued operations have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-05, “Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement” (ASU 2015-05”), which clarifies the circumstances under which a cloud computing customer would account for the arrangement as a license of internal-use software. ASU 2015-05 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-05 will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU 2015-03”), which changes the presentation of debt issuance costs on the balance sheet by requiring entities to present such costs as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. ASU 2015-03 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-03 will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, “Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items” (“ASU 2015-01”). Under ASU 2015-01, an entity will no longer be allowed to separately disclose extraordinary items, net of tax, in the income statement after income from continuing operations if an event or transaction is unusual in nature and occurs infrequently. ASU 2015-01 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early adoption permitted. Upon adoption, the Company may elect prospective or retrospective application. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-01 will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”, (“ASU 2014-15”), which requires management to perform interim and annual assessments on whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued and to provide related disclosures, if required.  The amendments in ASU 2014-15 are effective for the

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annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter.  Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers" (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2015-14”), which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The new guidance is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018 and will provide the Company additional time to evaluate the method and impact that ASU 2014-09 will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

2. Discontinued Operations

During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) committed to a plan designed to simplify the Company’s business structure and to focus on high-growth technology trends within the security market. During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company committed to sell its Rockwest Technology Group, Inc. d/b/a/ Multicard US (“Multicard US”) subsidiary to George Levy, Matt McDaniel and Hugo Garcia (the “Buyers”), the founders and former owners of the Multicard US business. The sale of the Multicard US subsidiary was completed on February 4, 2014 and was made pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement dated January 21, 2014 between the Company and the Buyers whereby the Company agreed to sell 80.1% of its holdings in Multicard US to the Buyers for cash consideration of $1.2 million. Based on the carrying value of the assets and the liabilities attributed to Multicard US on the date of sale, and the estimated costs and expenses incurred in connection with the sale, the Company recorded a gain of $0.5 million, net of income taxes of nil, in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014, which was included in income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes.

On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement with a former employee to sell certain non-core assets consisting of inventory, some prepaid items, certain fully depreciated office equipment and certain intellectual property relating to one of its subsidiaries for cash consideration of $0.1 million. The sale of these non-core assets was completed on July 7, 2014.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-20, Discontinued Operations (“ASC 205”) issued by the FASB, the results of Multicard US have been presented as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014.  

The key components of income from discontinued operations consist of the following (in thousands):

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3. Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The classification of a financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), the fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were no assets that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no cash equivalents as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

The Company’s only liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis is the contingent consideration related to the acquisition of idOnDemand, Inc. (“idOnDemand”). The sellers of idOnDemand (the “Selling Shareholders”) are eligible to receive limited earn-out payments (“Earn-out Consideration”) in the form of shares of common stock subject to certain lock-up periods under the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 29, 2011 between the Company and the Selling Shareholders of idOnDemand (the “SPA”). The fair value of the Earn-out Consideration is based on achieving certain revenue and profit targets as defined under the SPA. The calculation of the Earn-out Consideration fair value for periods prior to the year ended December 31, 2014 was probability weighted and discounted to reflect the restriction on the resale or transfer of such shares. The valuation of the Earn-out Consideration is classified as a Level 3 measurement as it is based on significant unobservable inputs and involves management judgment and assumptions about achieving revenue and profit targets and discount rates. The unobservable inputs used in the measurement of the Earn-out Consideration are highly sensitive to fluctuations and any changes in the inputs or the probability weighting thereof could significantly change the measured value of the Earn-out Consideration at each reporting period. The number of shares issued to settle the obligation will be based on the Company’s 30-calendar day average price of the Company’s common stock immediately preceding the settlement date. Thus, in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, the fair value of the Earn-out Consideration is classified as a liability and is re-measured each reporting period through December 31, 2014, once the number of shares to settle the liability was set, the liability was no longer fair valued with the financial value being deemed the fair value of the shares set for settlement.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the maximum amount for the Earn-out Consideration was $5.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company engaged a third party independent valuation firm to assist in the determination of the Earn-out Consideration liability. The Company recorded an earn-out obligation of $3.51 million as of December 31, 2014. The Earn-out Consideration liability was $3.51 million as of March 31, 2015.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

Certain of the Company's assets, including intangible assets, goodwill, and privately-held investments, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis if impairment is indicated. Purchased intangible assets are measured at fair value primarily using discounted cash flow projections. For additional discussion of measurement criteria used in evaluating potential impairment involving goodwill and intangible assets, refer to Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets.

Privately-held investments, which are normally carried at cost, are measured at fair value due to events and circumstances that the Company identified as significantly impacting the fair value of investments. The Company estimates the fair value of its privately-held investments using an analysis of the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, including recent financing activities and the investee's capital structure.

As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had $0.3 million of privately-held investments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis which were classified as a Level 3 asset due to the absence of quoted market prices and inherent lack of liquidity. The Company reviews its investments to identify and evaluate investments that have an indication of possible impairment. The Company adjusts the carrying value for its privately-held investments for any impairment if the fair value is less than the carrying value of the respective assets on an other-than-temporary basis. During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Company determined that no privately-held investments were impaired. The amount of privately-held investments is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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As of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were no liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The carrying amounts of the Company's accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, financial liabilities and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

4. Stockholders’ Equity

Reverse Stock Split

On May 22, 2014, the stockholders approved, and the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of the State of Delaware effecting a one-for-ten reverse stock split. The reverse stock split did not change the par value of the Company’s common stock or the number of preferred stock authorized for issuance.

Common Stock Warrants  

In connection with the Company’s entry into a consulting agreement in August 2014, the Company issued a consultant a warrant to purchase up to 85,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $10.70 (the “Consultant Warrant”). One fourth of the shares under the warrant are exercisable for cash three months from the date the Consultant Warrant was issued and quarterly thereafter. The Consultant Warrant expires on August 13, 2019. In the event of an acquisition of the Company, the Consultant Warrant shall terminate and no longer be exercisable as of the closing of the acquisition. As of March 31, 2015, the Consultant Warrant is not fully vested and has not been exercised.

In connection with the Company’s entry into a credit agreement with Opus Bank (“Opus”) as discussed in Note 8, Financial Liabilities, the Company issued Opus a warrant to purchase up to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $9.90 (the “Opus Warrant”). The Opus Warrant is immediately exercisable for cash or by net exercise and expires on March 31, 2019. The shares issuable upon exercise of the Opus Warrant are to be registered at the request of Opus pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 31, 2014, between the Company and Opus. As of March 31, 2015, the Opus Warrant had not been exercised.

On August 14, 2013, in a private placement, the Company issued 834,847 shares of its common stock at a price of $8.50 per share and warrants to purchase an additional 834,847 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share (the “2013 Private Placement Warrants”) to accredited and other qualified investors (the “Investors”). The 2013 Private Placement Warrants have a term of four years and are exercisable beginning six months following the date of issuance. The number of shares issuable upon exercise of the 2013 Private Placement Warrants is subject to adjustment for any stock dividends, stock splits or distributions by the Company, or upon any merger or consolidation or sale of assets of the Company, tender or exchange offer for the Company’s common stock, or a reclassification of the Company’s common stock.

The Company issued warrants to purchase 409,763 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $26.50 per share in a private placement to accredited and other qualified investors in November 2010 (the “2010 Private Placement Warrants”). The 2010 Private Placement Warrants are exercisable beginning on the date of issuance and expire on November 14, 2015.

Below is the summary of outstanding warrants issued by the Company as of March 31, 2015:

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2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan  

In June 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). On December 18, 2013, the Compensation Committee of the Board suspended the ESPP effective January 1, 2014.  No additional shares will be authorized and no shares will be issued under the ESPP until further notice. As of March 31, 2015, there were 293,888 shares reserved for future purchase under the ESPP. Since the ESPP was suspended effective January 1, 2014, there was no stock-based compensation expense resulting from the ESPP included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014.

Stock-Based Compensation Plans

The Company has various stock-based compensation plans to attract, motivate, retain and reward employees, directors and consultants by providing its Board or a committee of the Board the discretion to award equity incentives to these persons. The Company’s stock-based compensation plans consist of the Director Option Plan, 1997 Stock Option Plan, 2000 Stock Option Plan, 2007 Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Plan”), the 2010 Bonus and Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”) and the 2011 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2011 Plan”), as amended.

Stock Bonus and Incentive Plans

In June 2010, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2010 Plan which granted cash and equity-based awards to executive officers, directors and other key employees as designated by the Compensation Committee of the Board. An aggregate of 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock was reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan as equity-based awards, including shares, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock or deferred stock awards. These awards provide the Company´s executives, directors and other key employees the opportunity to earn shares of common stock depending on the extent to which certain performance goals are met. Since the adoption of the 2011 Plan (described below), the Company utilizes shares from the 2010 Plan only for performance-based awards and all equity awards granted under the 2010 Plan are issued pursuant to the 2011 Plan.  

On June 6, 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2011 Plan, which is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The 2011 Plan provides that stock options, stock units, restricted shares, and stock appreciation rights may be granted to executive officers, directors, consultants, and other key employees. The Company reserved 400,000 shares of common stock under the 2011 Plan, plus 459,956 shares of common stock that remained available for delivery under the 2007 Plan and the 2010 Plan as of June 6, 2011. In aggregate, as of June 6, 2011, 859,956 shares were available for future grants under the 2011 Plan, including shares rolled over from the 2007 Plan and 2010 Plan.   

Stock Option Plans

A summary of activity for the Company’s stock option plans for the three months ended March 31, 2015 follows:

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The following table summarizes information about options outstanding as of March 31, 2015:

At March 31, 2015, there was $2.1 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures related to unvested options, that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.82 years.  

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The following is a summary of restricted stock and restricted stock unit (“RSU”) activity for the three months ended March 31, 2015:

The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock awards and RSUs is calculated based upon the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. As of March 31, 2015, there was $7.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs granted, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.15 years. As of March 31, 2015, an aggregate of 744,421 RSUs were outstanding under the 2011 Plan.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table illustrates all employee stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and RSUs included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):

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Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance

Common stock reserved for future issuance as of March 31, 2015 was as follows:

Net Loss per Common Share Attributable to Identiv Stockholders’ Equity

Basic and diluted net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, common stock equivalents consisting of outstanding stock options, RSUs and warrants were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because these securities were anti-dilutive due to the net loss in the respective periods. The total number of common stock equivalents excluded from diluted loss per share relating to these securities was 2,689,291 common stock equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2015, and 3,980,609 common stock equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2014, respectively.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 consists of foreign currency translation adjustments totaling $1.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As a result of the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary company, $0.5 million was reclassified out of AOCI into net loss during the three months ended March 31, 2015.  

5. Balance Sheet Components

The Company’s inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Inventories consist of (in thousands):

Property and equipment, net consists of (in thousands):

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $0.4 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  

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Other accrued expenses and liabilities consist of (in thousands):

6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The following table presents goodwill by operating segment as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 and changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):

Of the total goodwill, a portion is designated in a currency other than U. S. dollars and is adjusted each reporting period for the change in foreign exchange rates between balance sheet dates.

In accordance with its accounting policy and ASC 350, the Company tests goodwill and intangibles with indefinite lives annually for impairment and assesses whether there are any indicators of impairment on an interim basis. The Company performs interim goodwill impairment reviews between its annual reviews if certain events and circumstances have occurred, including a deterioration in general economic conditions, an increased competitive environment, a change in management, key personnel, strategy or customers, negative or declining cash flows, or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior periods. The Company believes the methodology that it uses to review impairment of goodwill, which includes a significant amount of judgment and estimates, provides it with a reasonable basis to determine whether impairment has occurred. However, many of the factors employed in determining whether its goodwill is impaired are outside of its control and it is reasonably likely that assumptions and estimates will change in future periods. These changes in assumptions and estimates could result in future impairments.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the Company noted no indicators of goodwill impairment and concluded no further testing necessary. The Company performed its annual impairment test for all reporting units during the fourth quarter of 2014 and concluded that there was no impairment to goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2014.  

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Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for intangible assets resulting from acquisitions (in thousands):  

Each period, the Company evaluates the estimated remaining useful lives of purchased intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. If a revision to the remaining period of amortization is warranted, amortization is prospectively adjusted over the remaining useful life of the intangible asset. Intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized over their useful lives as shown in the table above. The Company evaluates its amortizable intangible assets for impairment at the end of each reporting period. The Company did not identify any impairment indicators during the three months ended March 31, 2015.

The following table illustrates the amortization expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively (in thousands):

The estimated annual future amortization expense for purchased intangible assets with definite lives over the next five years is as follows (in thousands):

7. Long-Term Payment Obligation

Hirsch Acquisition – Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks. Prior to the 2009 acquisition of Hirsch Electronics Corporation (“Hirsch”) by the Company, effective November 1994, Hirsch had entered into a settlement agreement (the “1994 Settlement Agreement”) with two limited partnerships, Secure Keyboards, Ltd. (“Secure Keyboards”) and Secure Networks, Ltd. (“Secure Networks”). At the time, Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks were related to Hirsch through certain common shareholders and limited partners, including Hirsch’s then President Lawrence Midland, who resigned as President of the Company effective July 31, 2014. Immediately following the acquisition, Mr. Midland owned 30% of Secure Keyboards and 9% of Secure Networks. Secure

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Networks was dissolved in 2012 and Mr. Midland owned 24.5% of Secure Keyboards upon his resignation from the Company effective July 31, 2014.

On April 8, 2009, Secure Keyboards, Secure Networks and Hirsch amended and restated the 1994 Settlement Agreement to replace the royalty-based payment arrangement under the 1994 Settlement Agreement with a new, definitive installment payment schedule with contractual payments to be made in future periods through 2020 (the “2009 Settlement Agreement”). The Company was not an original party to the 2009 Settlement Agreement as the acquisition of Hirsch occurred subsequent to the 2009 Settlement Agreement being entered into. The Company has, however, provided Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks with a limited guarantee of Hirsch’s payment obligations under the 2009 Settlement Agreement (the “Guarantee”). The 2009 Settlement Agreement and the Guarantee became effective upon the acquisition of Hirsch on April 30, 2009. The Company’s annual payment to Secure Keyboards and Secure Networks in any given year under the 2009 Settlement Agreement is subject to an increase based on the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index during the previous calendar year.

The final payment to Secure Networks was made on January 30, 2012. The Company’s payment obligations under the 2009 Settlement Agreement to Secure Keyboards will continue through the calendar year ending December 31, 2020, with the final payment due on January 30, 2021, unless the Company elects at any time on or after January 1, 2012 to earlier satisfy its obligations by making a lump-sum payment to Secure Keyboards. The Company does not intend to make a lump-sum payment and therefore a portion of the payment obligation amount is classified as a long-term liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company included $0.1 million of interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 in its condensed consolidated statements of operations for interest accreted on the long-term payment obligation.  

The ongoing payment obligation in connection with the Hirsch acquisition as of March 31, 2015 is as follows (in thousands):

8. Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities consist of (in thousands):

Bank Term Loan and Revolving Loan Facility

On March 31, 2014, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Opus. The Credit Agreement provides for a term loan in aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (“Term Loan”) which was drawn down on March 31, 2014, and an additional $10.0 million revolving loan facility (“Revolving Loan Facility”), of which $4.0 million was drawn down on March 31, 2014 and an additional $2.0 million was drawn down during the three months ended June 30, 2014. On August 8, 2014, the Company repaid $1.7 million on the Revolving Loan Facility. In connection with the closing of the Credit Agreement, the Company repaid all outstanding amounts under its Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2012, as amended from time to time (the “Secured Debt Facility”) with Hercules. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company recorded $1.6 million in additional interest expense in its condensed consolidated statement of operations related to the repayment of the Secured Debt Facility. The total amount of $1.6 million in interest expense included $0.9 million related to a write-off of deferred costs, $0.6 million related to a write-off of discounts on the secured note and $0.1 million related to prepayment fees as stipulated in the Loan Agreement and the forfeiture of a facility charge paid at the inception of the Loan. The proceeds of the Term Loan and the initial proceeds under the

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Revolving Loan Facility, after payment of fees and expenses and all outstanding amounts under the Secured Debt Facility, were approximately $7.8 million. The obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all assets of the Company. Certain of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries have guaranteed the credit facilities and have granted Opus security interests in substantially all of their respective assets. The Company may voluntarily prepay the Term Loan and outstanding amounts under the Revolving Loan Facility, without prepayment charges, and is required to make prepayments of the Term Loan in certain circumstances or condemnation events using the proceeds of asset sales or insurance. On November 10, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to its Credit Agreement which changed a number of the original terms of the Credit Agreement including interest charged, the monthly installment payment schedule, the maximum amount available under the revolving loan facility and the maturity date as well as certain other terms and conditions. Details of the amendment to the Credit Agreement are discussed below.

In connection with the Company’s entry into the Credit Agreement with Opus, the Company paid $170,000 in customary lender fees and expenses, including facility fees. As discussed in Note 4, Stockholders’ Equity, the Company issued the Opus Warrant  to purchase up to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $9.90. The Company calculated the fair value of the Opus Warrant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions: estimated volatility of 92.09%, risk-free interest rate of 1.73%, no dividend yield, and an expected life of five years. The fair value of the Opus Warrant was determined to be $0.8 million. The Opus Warrant is classified as equity in accordance with ASC 505 as the settlement of the warrants will be in shares and is within the control of the Company. The Company allocated both the cash and warrant (equity) consideration to Opus between Term Loan and Revolving Loan Facility using the relative fair value method. The Company recognized $0.9 million in issuance costs, both cash and equity, related to the Term Loan and Revolving Loan Facility. The cost consideration of $0.5 million allocated for the Term Loan is recorded as a discount on the Term Loan and is reported in the balance sheet as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the Term Loan. The remaining $0.4 million in issuance costs has been allocated to the Revolving Loan Facility as a deferred charge, pursuant to ASC 835-30, Imputation of Interest (“ASC 835-30”). The issuance costs and discounts on the Term Loan are amortized as interest expense in accordance with ASC 835-30 over the term of the Credit Agreement.

On November 10, 2014, the Company entered into an amendment to its Credit Agreement dated March 31, 2014, with Opus (the “Amended Credit Agreement”). Under the Amended Credit Agreement, the Revolving Loan Facility was increased from $10.0 million to $30.0 million and the revolving loan maturity date was extended to November 10, 2017. In addition, the Company will no longer be required to make scheduled monthly installment payments of principal under the Term Loan. Rather, the entire principal balance of the Term Loan will be due on March 31, 2017. Under the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement, both the principal amount of the Term Loan and the principal amount outstanding under the Revolving Loan Facility bear interest at a floating rate equal to: (a) if the Company holds more than $30.0 million in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 1.50% and (ii) 4.75%; (b) if the Company holds $30.0 million or less but more than $20.0 million in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 2.25% and (ii) 5.50%; or (c) if the Company holds $20.0 million or less in cash with Opus, the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 2.75% and (ii) 6.00%. Interest on both facilities continues to be payable monthly. Additionally, the Amended Credit Agreement (i) modifies certain loan covenants applicable to the Company’s stock repurchase plan (see above), (ii) removes from the loan collateral shares of the Company’s capital stock repurchased by the Company and (iii) extends the current tangible net worth covenant by one year. The Company paid .333% of the revolving loan facility as a lender fee in the aggregate amount of $100,000 upon the closing of the Amended Credit Agreement. In addition, the Company paid $75,000 in third party fees related to the debt modification. Under the relevant debt restructuring accounting guidance found in ASC 470, the amendment to the Credit Agreement on November 10, 2014 has been treated as a debt modification. The Opus and third party fees have been allocated to the Revolving Loan Facility as a deferred charge and to the discount on the Term Loan pursuant to ASC Topic 470-50-40 and are being amortized as interest expense over the remaining term of the Amended Credit Agreement. The Company may voluntarily prepay the Term Loan and outstanding amounts under the Revolving Loan Facility, without prepayment charges, and is required to make prepayments of the Term Loan in certain circumstances using the proceeds of asset sales or insurance or condemnation events.

The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, limits or restrictions on the Company’s ability to incur liens, incur indebtedness, make certain restricted payments, merge or consolidate and dispose of assets. The Amended Credit Agreement also provides for customary financial covenants, including a minimum tangible net worth covenant, a maximum senior leverage ratio and a minimum asset coverage ratio. As of March 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants. In addition, it contains customary events of default that entitle Opus to cause any or all of the Company’s indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement to become immediately due and payable. Events of default (some of which are subject to applicable grace or cure periods), include, among other things, non-payment defaults, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency defaults and material judgment defaults. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, Opus may terminate its lending commitments and/or declare all or any part of the unpaid principal of all loans, all interest accrued and unpaid thereon and all other amounts payable under the Amended Credit Agreement to be immediately due and payable. The Company has considered the components of the material adverse change clause of the Amended Credit Agreement and determined the likelihood of default under the existing terms is remote. Accordingly, all amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement are classified as long-term in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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The following table summarizes the timing of repayment obligations for the Company’s financial liabilities for the next five years under the current terms of the Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2015 (in thousands):

9. Income Taxes

The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, files federal, state and foreign tax returns. The Company strives to resolve open matters with each tax authority at the examination level and could reach agreement with a tax authority at any time. While the Company has accrued for amounts it believes are the probable outcomes, the final outcome with a tax authority may result in a tax liability that is more or less than that reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, the Company may later decide to challenge any assessments, if made, and may exercise its right to appeal.

The Company has no present intention of remitting undistributed retained earnings of any of its foreign subsidiaries. Accordingly, the Company has not established a deferred tax liability with respect to undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries.

The Company applies the provisions of, and accounted for uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740.  ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. It prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.

The Company generally is no longer subject to tax examinations for years prior to 2010. However, if loss carryforwards of tax years prior to 2010 are utilized in the U.S., these tax years may become subject to investigation by the tax authorities. While timing of the resolution and/or finalization of tax audits is uncertain, the Company does not believe that its unrecognized tax benefits would materially change in the next 12 months.

10. Segment Reporting and Geographic Information

ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”) establishes standards for the reporting by public business enterprises of information about operating segments, products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based on the way management organizes the operating segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenue and incur expenses and about which separate financial information is available to its chief operating decision makers (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM is its CEO.

The Company reorganized its operations into four reportable business segments in the first quarter of 2014 principally by product families: Premises, Identity, Credentials and All Other. As a result of the change, product families and services were organized within the four segments.

The CODM reviews financial information and business performance for each operating segment. The Company evaluates the performance of its operating segments at the revenue and gross profit levels. The CODM does not review operating expenses or asset information by operating segment for purposes of assessing performance or allocating resources.

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Net revenue and gross profit information by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):

Geographic net revenue is based on customer’s ship-to location. Information regarding net revenue by geographic region for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014 is as follows (in thousands):

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Long-lived assets by geographic location as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are as follows (in thousands):

11. Restructuring and Severance

During the first quarter of 2014, certain employees related to non-core functions were terminated as part of management’s efforts to simplify business operations. As a result, the Company recorded $0.4 million in restructuring and severance costs in its consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014, primarily related to severance paid or accrued for employees related to non-core functions.

During the three months ended March 31, 2015, additional severance costs were incurred for certain employees terminated as part of management’s continuing efforts to simplify business operations. As a result, the Company recorded $0.2 million in restructuring and severance costs and other closure related costs in its condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015. In addition, the Company recorded an additional $0.1 million in severance costs during the three months ended March 31, 2015 in general and administrative related to executive position eliminations in conjunction with recent corporate restructuring and cost reduction activities.

All unpaid restructuring and severance accruals are included in other accrued expenses and liabilities within current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Restructuring and severance activities during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

12. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company leases its facilities, certain equipment, and automobiles under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Those lease agreements existing as of March 31, 2015 expire at various dates during the next five years.

The Company recognized rent expense of $0.4 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014, respectively, in its condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Purchases for inventories are highly dependent upon forecasts of customer demand. Due to the uncertainty in demand from its customers, the Company may have to change, reschedule, or cancel purchases or purchase orders from its suppliers. These changes may lead to vendor cancellation charges on these purchases or contractual commitments.

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The following table summarizes the Company’s principal contractual commitments as of March 31, 2015 (in thousands):

The Company provides warranties on certain product sales for periods ranging from 12 to 24 months, and allowances for estimated warranty costs are recorded during the period of sale. The determination of such allowances requires the Company to make estimates of product return rates and expected costs to repair or to replace the products under warranty. The Company currently establishes warranty reserves based on historical warranty costs for each product line combined with liability estimates based on the prior 12 months’ sales activities. If actual return rates and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from the Company’s estimates, adjustments to recognize additional cost of sales may be required in future periods. Historically the warranty accrual and the expense amounts have been immaterial.

13. Related Party Transactions

As discussed in Note 3, Fair Value Measurements, the Company recorded an earn-out obligation of $3.51 million as of December 31, 2014 related to the SPA (as defined in Note 3). The SPA provided for further consideration to be paid to the Selling Shareholders for each of the years or part years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 based on the achievement of specific financial and sales performance targets, with the measurement of those achievements to be determined based on the financial records of idOnDemand. However, since the idOnDemand product group has been fully integrated into the Company since the acquisition and, as such, it was impractical to derive the discrete financial records of the related product group, the Company engaged a third party independent valuation firm to assist in the validation of the Earn-out Consideration liability as of December 31, 2014. The valuation was based on a calculation of the Company’s internal sales performance data as well as consideration of comparable companies’ metrics and data. The Board of Directors of the Company considered this valuation, among other factors, and approved the Earn-out Consideration liability for the period ended December 31, 2014.

As outlined in the SPA, certain of the Selling Shareholders included the Company’s former CEO and former CFO. The Earn-out Consideration was settled on May 11, 2015 through the issuance of 326,276 shares of the Company’s common stock. The Earn-out Consideration was distributed to the Selling Shareholders in proportion to their former shareholdings, which included 294,750 shares distributed to the Company’s former CEO and 921 shares distributed to the Company’s former CFO. Company common shares issued have a lock-up period of 12 months from date of issue.

14. Subsequent Events

In April 2015, the Company was served with a complaint (the “Complaint”) from a former employee alleging, among other things, certain expense reimbursement issues with respect to certain executive officers and certain other employees of the Company. The Board of Directors of the Company formed a special committee (the “Committee”) to investigate the allegations contained in the Complaint and related matters with the assistance of independent counsel. As a result of the ongoing investigation, the Company did not file its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2015, June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015.

On May 21, 2015, the Company received notification from NASDAQ that it no longer met the requirements for continued listing under NASDAQ’s listing rules because of the failure to file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015. The Company subsequently submitted a plan of compliance to NASDAQ, and was given until November 16, 2015 to regain compliance with the continued listing requirements.  The plan of compliance included an undertaking to file our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, which had also become delinquent. The Company subsequently was unable to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015.  On November 17, 2015, the Company received a notice from NASDAQ informing the Company that as a result of its failure  to regain compliance with the continued listing requirements by November 16, 2015, and because the September 30, 2015 Form 10-Q was also delinquent, the Company’s common stock was subject to delisting. The Company requested, was granted, and attended a hearing before the NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (“the Panel”) to appeal the delisting determination. On January 26, 2016, the Company was notified that the

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Panel had granted its request to remain listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market, subject to certain conditions. The Panel determined the Company’s common stock would remain listed subject to the Company becoming current with its periodic filings with the SEC by March 30, 2016, and the Company holding its annual meeting of stockholders on or before May 12, 2016. If the Company does not maintain compliance with the remainder of The NASDAQ Capital Market’s continued listing requirements on an ongoing basis and fails to timely comply with the conditions of the Panel’s decision, the Company’s common stock may be immediately delisted from The NASDAQ Capital Market.

On September 9, 2015, after reviewing the findings of the Committee, the Board of Directors appointed Steven Humphreys as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, replacing Jason Hart, and appointed James Ousley Chairman of the Board.  Mr. Hart continued to serve as President and as a director of the Company until February 2, 2016, when Mr. Hart ceased serving as an officer and director of the Company in connection with a restructuring plan announced by the Company on February 2, 2016.

On December 4, 2015, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Credit Amendment”) to its credit agreement dated March 31, 2014, as amended (the “Credit Agreement”) with Opus Bank, a California commercial bank (the “Lender”). The Credit Amendment amended and restated Section 7.11(a) Financial Covenants to read as follows: “Tangible Net Worth. Permit the sum of the Consolidated Tangible Net Worth plus the amount shown on the Borrower’s current balance sheet for the 1994 Settlement Agreement to be less than the sum of $8,000,000 plus, an amount equal to 50% of the amount of any Cash proceeds from any equity or Subordinated Debt issued by the Borrower after December 1, 2015 as of the end of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower measured quarterly beginning at the end of the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2015.”

In addition, the Lender waived any Default or Event of Default arising under the Credit Agreement due to the failure of the Company to comply with the requirements of Section 7.11(a) of the Credit Agreement (Tangible Net Worth) for the quarter ended September 30, 2015.

On December 7, 2015, the Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Ruggiero v. Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05583.  The complaint in that lawsuit alleged violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegations that the Company made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 and 2015.  The complaint sought unspecified monetary damages, reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees, and equitable and injunctive relief.  On December 16, 2015, that lawsuit was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice.  

Between December 2015 and February 2016, a number of other shareholder lawsuits were filed.  On December 16, 2015, the Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Rok v. Identiv, Inc., et al., Case No. 15-cv-05775, alleging violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934.  In addition, three shareholder derivative actions were filed between January and February 2016.  On January 1, 2016, certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, entitled Oswald v. Humphreys, et al., Case No. 16-cv-00241-JCS, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and abuse of control claims.  On January 25, 2016, certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Chopra v. Hart, et al., Case No. RG16801379, alleging breach of fiduciary duty claims.  On February 9, 2016, certain of the Company’s present and former officers and directors were named as defendants, and the Company was named as nominal defendant, in a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda, entitled Wollnik v. Wenzel, et al., Case No. HG16803342, alleging breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, gross mismanagement, and unjust enrichment claims.  These lawsuits generally allege that the Company made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose information in certain public filings and disclosures between 2013 and 2015.  Each of the lawsuits seeks one or more of the following remedies: unspecified compensatory damages, unspecified exemplary or punitive damages, restitution, declaratory relief, equitable and injunctive relief, and reasonable costs and attorneys’ fees.  The Company intends to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.  The Company cannot currently predict the impact or resolution of each of these lawsuits or reasonably estimate a range of possible loss, if any, which could be material, and the resolution of these lawsuits may harm its business and have a material adverse impact on its financial condition.

On January 27, 2016, the Company commenced the implementation of a worldwide restructuring plan designed to refocus the Company’s resources on its core business segments, including physical access and transponders, and to consolidate its operations in several worldwide locations. The restructuring plan includes a reduction of approximately 25% of the Company’s non-manufacturing employee base, reallocates overhead roles into direct business activities and eliminates certain management and executive roles.

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In connection with the restructuring, the Company estimates that it will incur aggregate cash charges of approximately $1.6 million to $2.0 million, consisting of approximately $1.5 million to $1.75 million related to severance payments to employees and approximately $100,000 to $250,000 in lease termination fees. The majority of the charges are expected to be paid out during the first quarter of 2016.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”) contain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions under Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as “will,” “believe,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report under the heading “Risk Factors,” which are incorporated herein by reference. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed on March 23, 2015, as amended. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.

Each of the terms the “Company,” “Identiv,” “we” and “us” as used herein refers collectively to Identiv, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated.

Overview

Identiv is a global security technology company that secures data, physical places and things. Global organizations in the government, education, retail, transportation, healthcare and other markets rely upon our solutions. We empower them to create safe, secure, validated and convenient experiences in schools, government offices, factories, transportation, hospitals and virtually every type of facility and for every type of product.

At the beginning of September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify our business structure and streamline our operations. Following the changes in our organizational structure, we changed our operating segments to focus on the following solutions:

The foundation of our business are our expertise in RFID and access control, our close customer relationships that allow us to develop customer-relevant products, and our core value of quality.

To deliver these solutions, the Company has organized its operations into four reportable business segments, principally by product families: Premises, Identity, Credentials and All Other.

Premises

The foundation of our premises business is the Hirsch line of controllers including the advanced MX line, Hirsch's Velocity management software and our ICPAM software, EDGE controller and reader package. Our modular Hirsch MX controllers are designed to be scalable, allowing customers to start with a small system and expand over time. Hirsch MX controllers can operate autonomously, whether as a single controller or as part of a networked system with Velocity software. The Hirsch Velocity software platform enables centralized management of access and security operations across an organization, including control of doors, gates, turnstiles, elevators and other building equipment, monitoring users as they move around a facility, preventing unwanted access, maintaining compliance and providing a robust audit trail.

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uTrust door readers provide unique features to support a number of security environments and standards. For example, uTrust TS readers support the majority of legacy card credentials with a robust next-generation platform that can help companies migrate to more secure credentials and technologies, including smart cards, near field communication (“NFC”) and government-issued credentials. uTrust Scramblepad readers employ numerical scrambling on the keypad to protect access codes from being stolen as they are entered.

Identity

Our Identity products include smart card readers, which includes a broad range of contact, contactless, portable and mobile smart card readers, tokens and terminals that are utilized around the world to enable logical (i.e., PC, network or data) access and security and identification applications, such as national ID, payment, e-Health and e-Government.  

Related to our reader product line, we are a leading provider in the definition and provisioning of access cards and other devices to allow users to conveniently and securely access their facilities and resources, and to empower facilities and security administrators to deploy exactly the solutions they want to provide the optimal mix of cost, security and convenience to their user community, whether students, hospital patients, military and government personnel, consumers or a vast array of users.

Credentials

Our Credentials products include NFC and radio frequency identification (“ RFID”) products — including inlays and inlay-based cards — labels, tags and stickers, as well as other radio frequency (“RF”) and IC components. These products are manufactured in our state-of-the-art facility in Singapore and are used in a diverse range of physical applications, including electronic entertainment games, loyalty cards, mobile payment systems, transit and event ticketing, and brand authenticity from pharmaceuticals to consumer goods, hospital resource management and many others.  

Leveraging our expertise in RFID, physical access and physical authentication, we're developing new solutions to extend our platforms across a wide variety of physical use cases.  The next major opportunity in our connected world is the Internet of things, which fundamentally is about physical things.  We believe our core strength in physical access and physical instrumentation (RFID)  markets, our well-established platforms and our deep knowledge of the relevant technologies, position us well in this growth market. 

All Other 

The All Other segment includes products, such as Chipdrive and Digital Media readers. The products included in the All Other segment do not meet the quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments and therefore have been combined for reporting purposes.

We primarily conduct our own sales and marketing activities in each of the markets in which we compete, utilizing our own sales and marketing organization to solicit prospective channel partners and customers, provide technical advice and support with respect to products, systems and services, and manage relationships with customers, distributors and/or original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). We utilize indirect sales channels that may include OEMs, dealers, systems integrators, value added resellers, resellers or Internet sales, although we also sell directly to end users. In support of our sales efforts, we participate in industry events and conduct sales training courses, targeted marketing programs, and ongoing customer, channel partner and third-party communications programs.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Fremont, California. We maintain research and development facilities in California, and Chennai, India and local operations and sales facilities in Australia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Singapore and the U.S. We were founded in 1990 in Munich, Germany and incorporated in 1996 under the laws of the State of Delaware.

Recent Developments in our Business

In September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify our business structure and streamline our operations.

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The first of these actions was to realign our organizational structure to operate as a single, unified company rather than as a group of individual businesses. This change in our structure enhances our ability to coordinate and focus our strategic and operational activities. To signal this change, we implemented a new corporate identity using the word mark and logo “Identiv” in place of “Identive Group.”  We also reorganized our management team and our operational activities by function (e.g., engineering, sales, marketing, customer service and information technology), allowing centralized management of key activities on a global basis. With the reorganization of and changes to our management team, we moved our executive headquarters to Fremont, California and began the process of moving our operational and certain administrative activities from Ismaning, Germany to our facility in Santa Ana, California.

Another important action was the divestiture of businesses that were determined to be non-core to our ongoing strategy. In December 2013 we completed the sale of our Multicard and payment solution subsidiaries in Europe, in February 2014 we completed the sale of our Rockwest Technology Group, Inc. d/b/a/ Multicard US (“Multicard US”) subsidiary and in July 2014, we sold certain non-core assets related to one of our subsidiaries. We have accounted for these divested businesses as discontinued operations, and the statements of operations reflect the discontinuance of these businesses. For more information, see Note 2, Discontinued Operations in the accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Starting in 2014, our operating segments align to our current market strategy. We reported our financial results under these segments beginning with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of 2014.

Trends in Our Business

Geographic net revenue based on each customer’s ship-to location is as follows (in thousands):

Net Revenue Trends

Net revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2015 was down 11% compared with the first three months of 2014. Approximately 48% of our net revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2015 came from our Credentials segment. Net revenue in the Credentials segment for both the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 was $7.2 million. Net revenue in our Premises segment reflect higher sales in the three months ended March 31, 2015 partly due to a rebound in activity related to U.S. Government entities, which was weak in the first quarter of 2014. The growth in our net revenue in the Premises segment has been partially offset by a 48% decline in net revenue in our Identity segment. The net revenue decline in our Identity segment reflects continued weakness in sales of smart card readers within Europe and the Middle East where sales activity has declined due to continuing economic uncertainty in the region. Premises products accounted for 31% of our business in the three months ended March 31, 2015 and our Identity products accounted for 17% of our net revenue.

Net Revenue in the Americas. Net revenue in the Americas was approximately $10.0 million in the first three months of 2015, accounting for 67% of total net revenue and up 20% compared with $8.3 million in the first three months of 2014. Net revenue from physical access control solutions for security programs within various U.S. government agencies, as well as RFID and NFC products, inlays and tags comprise a significant proportion of our net revenue in the Americas region.  

Net revenue in our Premises and Credential segments in the Americas increased by approximately 35% and 18%, respectively in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of the previous year. Premises net revenue increases were primarily due to an increase in orders for physical access control solutions from federal and state agency customers. Credential net revenue increases were primarily due to continued strong demand in North America for electronic game toy pieces and other Internet of Things applications. Net revenue from our Identity segment was relatively unchanged compared to the same period of the previous year.  

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As a general trend, U.S. Federal agencies continue to be subject to security improvement mandates under programs such as Homeland Security Presidential Directive-12 (“HSPD-12”) and reiterated in memoranda from the Office of Management and Budget (“OMB M-11-11”). We believe that our solution for Trusted Premises access is an attractive offering to help federal agency customer’s move towards compliance with federal directives and mandates. To expand our sales opportunities in the United States in general and with our U.S. Government customer in particular, we have strengthened our U.S. sales organization and reopened a sales presence in Washington D.C.

Net Revenue in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific. Net revenue in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific was approximately $5.0 million in the first three months of 2015, accounting for 33% of total net revenue and down 42% compared with $8.5 million in the first three months of 2014. Net revenue in these regions are very dependent on the completion of large projects and the timing of orders placed by some of our larger customers. Sales of Identity readers and RFID & NFC products and tags comprise a significant proportion of our net revenue in these regions.

Net revenue from our Identity products decreased by approximately 60% in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of the previous year, as the first quarter of 2014 included the completion of a large order to a significant customer in Germany as well as large orders from two significant customers in Asia. In the three months ended March 31, 2015, we did not see a repeat of these major orders as these customers had recently placed significant fourth quarter 2014 orders.  Identity readers comprised approximately 34% of the net revenue throughout this region in the first three months of 2015. Net revenue from our Credentials products, which comprise approximately 40% of the sales in this region, declined by approximately 36% in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of the previous year as sales in Europe were negatively impacted by the transfer of local production of NFC inlays and tags to Singapore following the end of the second quarter of 2014. Net revenue from our Premises products increased by 35% in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of the previous year, primarily driven by the completion of projects in the Middle East involving our physical access control solutions.

Seasonality and Other Factors. In our business overall, we may experience significant variations in demand for our offerings from quarter to quarter, and typically experience a stronger demand cycle in the second half of our fiscal year. Sales of our premises solutions to U.S. Government agencies are subject to annual government budget cycles and generally are highest in the third quarter of each year. However, the usual seasonal trend can be negatively impacted by actions such as government shutdowns and the passing of continuing resolutions which can act to delay the completion of certain projects. Sales of our identity reader chips, many of which are sold to government agencies worldwide, are impacted by testing and compliance schedules of government bodies as well as roll-out schedules for application deployments, both of which contribute to variability in demand from quarter to quarter. Further, this business is typically subject to seasonality based on differing commercial and global government budget cycles.  Lower sales are expected in the U.S. in the first half, and in particular the first quarter of the year, with higher sales typically in the second half of each year. In Asia-Pacific, with fiscal year-ends in March and June, order demand can be high in the first quarter as customers attempt to complete projects before the end of the fiscal year. Accordingly, our net revenue levels in the first quarter each year often depends on the relative strength of project completions and sales mix between our U.S. customer base and our International customer base.

In addition to the general seasonality of demand, overall U.S. Government expenditure patterns have a significant impact on demand for our products due to the significant portion of revenues that are typically sourced from U.S. Government agencies. Therefore, any significant reduction in U.S. Government spending could adversely impact our financial results and could cause our operating results to fall below any guidance we provide to the market or below the expectations of investors or security analysts.

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Operating Expense Trends

Base Operating Expenses  

Our base operating expenses (i.e. research and development, selling and marketing, and general and administrative spending) increased 5% in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of 2014. Research and development spending increased by 33% in the first three months of 2015 compared with the same period of 2014, mainly due to the transfer of existing employees into research and development and the addition of new employees, leading to higher payroll costs and travel expenses, as well as higher costs for external services and contractors. Selling and marketing spending in the first three months of 2015 was down by less than 1% compared with the first three months of 2014, due to the stabilization of sales and marketing organization headcount and marketing program spending. General and administrative spending in the first three months of 2015 increased less than 1% from the same period in the previous year, as staff reductions initiated in the fourth quarter of 2013 to simplify our business structure and streamline our operations offset increases in stock-based compensation. These actions are further discussed under “Simplification and Streamlining of our Business” below.

Simplification and Streamlining of our Business

In September 2013, we undertook a strategic review of our business and initiated a series of actions to simplify our business structure and streamline our operations. As a consequence of our strategic review in late 2013 and early 2014, we disposed of non-core or under-performing businesses, including our Multicard US subsidiary and certain operations related to our ACiG Technology, Inc. subsidiary. We believe that these divestitures enhance our ability to focus our resources and investments on higher-growth and more profitable global opportunities in the security market. To further simplify our business and streamline our operations, we have restructured our organization to operate as a single, unified company rather than as a group of individual businesses. This restructuring has included the realignment of our management team and our operational activities by function (for example engineering, sales, marketing, customer service and information technology), which allows us to manage key activities on a global basis. With the centralization of various functions, we have also eliminated several redundant positions.  Additionally, we completed the process of transferring various functions, such as corporate financial accounting and reporting from Germany to the U.S., in the third quarter of 2014. See Note 14, Subsequent Events in the accompanying notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

To streamline production and operations in our Credentials business, we initiated the closure of our German production facility for RFID and NFC inlays, tags, and labels to consolidate production in our facility in Singapore. The closure of this facility was completed in the second quarter of 2014. We have in the past expanded production capacity with the addition of production and assembly lines at our existing facility in California and via partnerships with external manufacturers, and we are planning to further invest in our card production capabilities. Additionally, we continue to invest in enhancements to our data center infrastructure to support the expected growth of our cloud service offerings.

Restructuring and Severance

As a result of the actions discussed above, certain employees related to non-core functions were terminated. As a result, we recorded $0.4 million in restructuring, severance and other closure related costs during the three months ended March 31, 2014. In addition, we recorded an additional $0.2 million in severance costs during the three months ended March 31, 2015 primarily related to restructuring within our sales and marketing organization in conjunction with recent corporate restructuring and cost reduction activities.

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Results of Operations

The amounts for 2014 have been adjusted for divested businesses as discussed in Note 2 Discontinued Operations, in the accompanying notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The following table includes segment net revenue and segment net profit information for our Premises, Identity, Credentials and All Other segments and reconciles gross profit to results of continuing operations before income taxes and noncontrolling interest: