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IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS INC - Annual Report: 2008 (Form 10-K)

imageware_10k-123108.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

x
 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

o
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period              to              .

Commission File Number

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware
 
33-0224167
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
10883 Thornmint Road, San Diego, California
 
92127
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code):   (858) 673-8600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of Each Class
 
Name of Each Exchange
on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
 
N/A
Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
 
N/A

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o     No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes o     No x

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  Yes x     No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer  o
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o   No x

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing sales price of the issuer’s Common Stock on June 30, 2008, as reported on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board was approximately $8,418,701.  Excluded from this computation were 612,461 shares of Common Stock held by all current executive officers and directors and 4,565,427 shares held by each person who is known by the registrant to own 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock.  Share ownership information of certain persons known by the issuer to own greater than 5% of the outstanding Common Stock for purposes of the preceding calculation is based solely on information on Schedule 13G filed with the Commission and is as of June 30, 2008. Exclusion of shares held by any person or entity should not be construed to indicate that such person or entity possesses the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of the management or the policies of the Registrant.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of January 28, 2010 was 22,104,483.

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IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
2008 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
 
3
     
Item 1.
Business
3
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
14
     
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
22
     
Item 2.
Properties
22
     
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
22
     
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
22
     
PART II
 
22
     
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
22
     
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
24
     
Item 8.
Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
34
     
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
34
     
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
34
     
Item 9B.
Other Information
35
     
PART III
 
36
     
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
36
     
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
38
     
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
48
     
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
50
     
Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
52
     
PART IV
 
53
     
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
53
     
Exhibit Index
54
     
Signatures
57
     
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
58

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Forward-Looking Statements

The statements contained in this Annual Report of Form 10-K that are not historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding the extent and timing of future revenues and expenses and customer demand, statements regarding deployment of our products, and statements regarding reliance on third parties. All forward-looking statements included in this report are based on information available to us as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known or unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include but are not limited to: our need for additional capital, fluctuations in our operating results, continued new product introductions, market acceptance of our new product introductions, new product introductions by competitors, technological changes in the digital imaging industry, uncertainties regarding intellectual property rights, delays in the awarding or funding of government contracts and the other factors referred to herein including, but not limited to, those items discussed under “Risk Factors” below.

Trademarks

Capture the Image that Captures the Crook, C.R.I.M.E.S., FACE ID, ImageWare, Suspect ID, and Vehicle ID, EPIBuilder, and EPISuite are registered trademarks of the Company. Biometric Engine, WinBadge Aviation, and IWS Biometric Engine are trademarks of the Company.

All other trademarks, service marks and/or trade names appearing in this document are the property of their respective holders.

PART I

Item 1.  Business.

OVERVIEW

ImageWare Systems, Inc. is a leader in the emerging market for software-based identity management solutions, providing biometric, secure credential, law enforcement and enterprise authorization.  Our “flagship” product is the IWS Biometric Engine.  Scalable for small city business or worldwide deployment, our biometric engine is a multi-biometric platform that is hardware and algorithm independent, enabling the enrollment and management of unlimited population sizes.  Our identification products are used to manage and issue secure credentials, including national IDs, passports, driver licenses, smart cards and access control credentials. Our law enforcement products provide law enforcement with integrated mug shot, fingerprint LiveScan and investigative capabilities. We also provide comprehensive authentication security software.  Biometric technology is now an integral part of all markets we address, and all of our products are integrated into the Biometric Engine Platform.  Elements of the IWS Biometric Engine can be used as investigative tools for law enforcement utilizing multiple biometrics and forensic data elements, and to enhance security and authenticity of public and private sector credentials.

Our biometric technology is a core software component of an organization’s security infrastructure and includes a multi-biometric identity management solution for enrolling, managing, identifying and verifying the identities of people by the physical characteristics of the human body. We develop, sell and support various identity management capabilities within government (federal, state and local), law enforcement, commercial enterprises, and transportation and aviation markets for identification and verification purposes. Our IWS Biometric Engine is a biometric identity management platform for multi-biometric enrollment, management and authentication, managing population databases of virtually unlimited sizes. It is also offered as a Software Development Kit (SDK) based search engine, enabling developers and system integrators to implement a biometric solution or integrate biometric capabilities into existing applications without having to derive biometric functionality from pre-existing applications.  The IWS Biometric Engine combined with our secure credential platform, IWS EPI Builder, provides a comprehensive, integrated biometric and secure credential solution that can be leveraged for high-end applications such as passports, driver licenses, national IDs, and other secure documents. It can also be utilized within our law enforcement systems to incorporate any number of various multiple biometrics into one system.

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Our law enforcement solutions enable agencies to quickly capture, archive, search, retrieve, and share digital images, fingerprints and criminal history records on a stand-alone, networked, wireless or Web-based platform. We develop, sell and support a suite of modular software products used by law enforcement and public safety agencies to create and manage criminal history records and to investigate crime. Our IWS Law Enforcement solution consists of six software modules: a Capture and Investigative module, which provides a criminal booking system and related database; a Facial Recognition module, which uses biometric facial recognition to identify suspects; a Suspect ID module, which facilitates the creation of full-color, photo-realistic suspect composites; a wireless module, which provides access to centrally stored records over the Internet in a connected or wireless fashion; a PDA add-on module, which enables access to centrally stored records while in the field on a handheld Pocket PC compatible device combined with central repository services which allows for inter-agency data sharing on a local, regional, and/or national level; and a LiveScan module, which incorporates LiveScan capabilities into IWS Law Enforcement providing integrated fingerprint and palm print biometric management for civil and law enforcement use.

Our Secure Credential ID solutions empower customers to create secure and smart digital identification documents with complete ID systems. We develop, sell and support software and design systems which utilize digital imaging in the production of photo identification cards and credentials and identification systems. Our products in this market consist of IWS EPI Suite, IWS EPI Builder (SDK) and Identifier for Windows.  These products allow for the production of digital identification cards and related databases and records and can be used by, among others, schools, airports, hospitals, corporations or governments.  We have added the ability to incorporate multiple biometrics into the ID systems with the integration of IWS Biometric Engine to our Secure Credential ID product line.

Our enterprise authentication software includes the IWS Desktop Security product which is a comprehensive authentication management infrastructure solution providing added layers of security to workstations, networks and systems through advanced encryption and authentication technologies. IWS Desktop Security is optimized to enhance network security and usability, and uses multi-factor authentication methods to protect access, verify identity and help secure the computing environment without sacrificing ease-of-use features such as quick login. Additionally, IWS Desktop Security provides an easy integration with various smart card-based credentials including the Common Access Card (CAC), Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12) Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credential, and Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) with an organization’s access control process. IWS Desktop Security provides the crucial end-point component of a Logical Access Control System (LACS), and when combined with a Physical Access Control System (PACS), organizations benefit from a complete door to desktop access control and security model.

CORPORATE HISTORY

ImageWare Systems, Inc., formerly known as ImageWare Software, Inc., was incorporated in the State of California on February 6, 1987.  From the inception until 1995, we designed and sold software products for the photo entertainment industry.  In late 1994, we sold our photo entertainment line of products, and utilized our core technologies to develop and sell products to law enforcement agencies.  In 1994 our company was sold to a new ownership and we embarked upon the design and creation of digital imaging based software products for law enforcement.  From 1995 to early 2000 our business consisted only of our law enforcement products.  We completed our initial public offering in April 2000.  At that time we recognized that our core imaging technology and industry expertise positioned us to enter other and larger markets, and we targeted the digital identification market for diversification.  It was a fragmented market which offered us the opportunity to establish market share through an acquisition program.  On August 22, 2000, we acquired Imaging Technology Corporation (“ITC”), a privately held developer of software and software systems for digital identification documents.  On September 29, 2000, we purchased Goddard Technology Corporation (“Goddard”), a privately held developer of software identification badging systems. On March 30, 2001, we purchased substantially all the assets of G & A Imaging Ltd. (“G & A”), a privately held developer of software and software systems for digital identification documents.  These three acquisitions, along with the internal development of digital ID solutions for some of our law enforcement customers, firmly placed us in the market for digital ID software.  In 2001, ID software and systems became our largest product segment.  On December 19, 2007, we added next generation voice recognition, multilingual speech translation and voice analytics capabilities to our suite of biometric identity management solutions, enabling users to facilitate and improve communication across major language groups globally through our acquisition of Sol Logic, Inc., a privately held developer of voice recognition technologies.

RECENT EVENTS

Significant developments around national and homeland security, specifically identity management, are direct results of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, demonstrating the risks with insufficient credentialing and access control systems. Although the U.S. Government has taken strong initiatives to help combat terrorism and other identity related challenges, the industry is still in flux with inadequate equipment and appropriate funding causing a delay in deployments. The growing rate of identity theft is also pervasive and becoming of great concern.

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The law enforcement and secure credential markets, although seen as markets which would ultimately benefit from increased spending on security, were negatively impacted within the last five years by the tendency for the delay in purchasing decisions, awaiting guidance and funding from the government, and the use of available funding for payment of overtime expenditures incurred due to heightened security alerts. As we recognized these impacts, we continued to reduce cost and consolidate our businesses while expanding our products to meet market demands. We have restructured our company to be more cost effective and efficient by consolidating resources and moving various operations.

As a result of our strategy to address international markets for large identity management projects, we sold our Singapore subsidiary in 2005 and closed our German sales office in 2006. We now address this market through local and U.S. based strategic partners and systems integrators with local sales and service presence, and manage international channel partners for our boxed ID Software from our U.S. offices.

These international offices had historically emphasized the resale of third party merchandise (hardware and media) which generated lower gross margins than software and required significant fixed costs for sales, service and support. Although these measures have resulted in lower top line revenue in the short term, management believes that we will be able to replace the lost revenue with higher margin software sales while continuing to enjoy the lower fixed costs.

In furtherance of our strategy to more efficiently address both domestic and international markets for large-scale identity management projects, we completed the sale of our entire Professional Digital Photography (“PDI”) product line in the fourth quarter of 2006.  We sold this component because it had incurred significant operating losses and had lost significant market share.  The assets sold consisted primarily of a suite of software and related inventory including source, copyrights, trademarks, documentation and client base.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2007, we acquired the assets of Sol Logic, Inc., a leading provider of voice recognition and multilingual translation technology. This acquisition was in line with our strategic plan to expand our biometric product portfolio and enable us to enter new markets including military and defense. In the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $742,000 against the intangible assets acquired as part of the Sol Logic transaction in 2007.

INDUSTRY BACKGROUND

Biometrics and Secure Credential Markets

We believe the biometric identity management market will continue to grow as the role of biometrics becomes more widely adopted for enhancing security and complying with new government regulations such as HSPD-12. Our biometric and secure credentialing solutions are meeting the demands for true multi-modal biometric identity management systems, as well as providing scalability to support evolving functionality.

As a result of HSPD-12, government organizations are required to adopt new processes for verifying the identity of employees and contractors as well as controlling access to secure facilities and information systems. In response to the strict requirements set forth by the Federal government, ImageWare enhanced its IWS Biometric Engine and secure credentialing product suite by adding card management and card printing modules which enable the offering of end-to-end support for PIV-I and PIV-II business processes, technical requirements, as well as the ability to partner with leading physical and logical access control vendors for logistics and deployment considerations.

Our technology also has applications in markets related to secure credentials, identification and access control (physical and logical) in the public and private sectors.  Organizations concerned with security can use our technology to create secure “smart” identification cards that can be instantly checked against a database of facial images or other biometrics to prevent unauthorized access to secure areas. We believe potential customers in these markets include, among others, large corporations, border crossings (land, air and sea), airports, hospitals, universities and government agencies.

Identification systems have historically been sold based upon the cost-savings digital systems offer over traditional photo-based systems. We believe that the ability to easily capture images and data in a digital database and to enable immediate and widespread access to that database for remote identification/verification will be a functionality that customers will require in the future and that such functionality will be one of the primary drivers for future growth within this market. We are able to provide field-proven identification products with high quality reference accounts across the board in terms of size and complexity of systems and user requirements. When combined with our proven biometric and Web capabilities, we believe we can provide a leading product offering into the biometrically-enabled secure credential market.

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Law Enforcement and Public Safety Markets

The United States law enforcement and public safety markets are composed of federal, state and local law enforcement agencies.  Our target customers include local police departments, sheriffs’ departments and offices, primary state law enforcement agencies, prisons, special police agencies, county constable offices, and federal agencies such as the FBI and the DEA.  We are also targeting agencies in foreign countries for our biometric and law enforcement solutions.

We believe the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and subsequent creation of the Department of Homeland Security has accelerated the adoption of digital identification systems. Law enforcement customers are demanding end-to-end solutions that incorporate robust features and functionalities such as biometric and secure credentialing capabilities, as well as instant access to centrally maintained records for real time verification of identity and privileges.
 
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Our identity management solutions are primarily focused around biometrics and secure credentials providing complete, cross-functional and interoperable systems. Our biometric and secure credentialing products provide complete and interoperable solutions with features and functions required throughout the entire identity management life-cycle, enabling users the flexibility to make use of any desired options, such as identity proofing and enrollment, card issuance, maintenance and access control. Our solutions offer a significant benefit that one vendor’s solution is used throughout the various stages, from establishing an applicant’s verified identity, to issuance of smart card based credentials, to the usage and integration to physical and logical access control systems.
These solutions improve global communication, the integrity and authenticity of access control to facilities and information systems, as well as enhances security, increase efficiency, reduce identity fraud, and protect personal privacy.

We categorize our identity management products and services into three basic markets: (1) Biometrics, (2) Secure Credential, and (3) Law Enforcement and Public Safety. Our biometric product line consists of the following:

Biometrics

IWS BIOMETRIC ENGINE

This is a biometric identity management platform for multi-biometric enrollment, management and authentication, managing population databases of unlimited sizes without regard to hardware or algorithm.  Searches can be 1:1 (verification), 1:N (identification), X:N (investigative) and N:N (database integrity). IWS Biometric Engine is technology and biometric agnostic, enabling the use of biometric devices and algorithms from any vendor, and the support of the following biometric types: finger, face, iris, hand geometry, palm, signature, DNA, voice, 3D face and retina. IWS Biometric Engine is a second-generation solution from ImageWare Systems that is based on field-proven ImageWare technology solutions that have been used to manage millions of biometric records since 1997 and is ideal for a variety of applications including: criminal booking, background checks (civil and criminal), watch list, visa/passport and border control (air, land and sea), physical and logical access control, and other highly-secure identity management environments.

IWS Biometric Engine is scalable, and biometric images and templates can be enrolled either live or offline.   Because it stores the enrolled images, a new algorithm can be quickly converted to support new or alternate algorithms and capture devices. The Biometric Engine is built to be hardware “agnostic”, and currently supports over 107 hardware capture devices and over 93 biometric algorithms.
 
In 2006, ImageWare launched an expanded suite of application solutions based on the award-winning IWS Biometric Engine. The IWS Biometric Engine has previously been available as a Software Development Kit (SDK), as well as a platform for custom configurations to meet specific customer requirements. The added suite of products provide government, law enforcement, border management and enterprise businesses, a wide variety of application-specific solutions that address specific government mandates and technology standards. It also provides the ability to integrate into existing legacy systems and expand based upon specific customer requirements. This enables users to integrate a complete solution or components as needed. The application suite of products includes packaged solutions for:

 
·
HSPD-12 Personal Identity Verification (PIV)

 
·
Border Management

 
·
ePassport & eVisa

 
·
Applicant Identity Vetting

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·
Mobile Acquisition

 
·
Physical Access Control

 
·
Single-Sign-On and Logical Access Control

IWS PIV MANAGEMENT APPLICATION

ImageWare provides a set of Enterprise Server products within our complete PIV solution, and these software products supply server-based features and functions, while the use case for PIV requires client-based presentation of PIV data and workflow.  The IWS PIV Management Application supplies the web-based graphical user interface that presents the user or client interface to the various server functions.  Furthermore, since the server-based applications perform specific functions for specific phases of the PIV life-cycle, these server-based applications need to be bound together with additional workflow processes.  Again, the IWS PIV Management Application meets this need with software modules that interface and interconnect the server-based applications.

IWS PIV MIDDLEWARE

The IWS PIV Middleware product, which is NIST certified and listed on the GSA approved product list, is a library of functions that connect a card reader & PIV card on the hardware side with a software application. The library implements the specified PIV Middleware API functions that support interoperability of PIV Cards.  This ImageWare software has been developed in conformance with the FIPS-201 specification, and the software has been certified by the NIST Personal Identification Verification Program (NPIVP) Validation Authority as being compliant.

IWS BACKGROUND SERVER

The IWS Background Server is a software application designed specifically for government and law enforcement organizations to support the first stage of biometric identity management functions such as identity proofing and vetting. IWS Background Check Server automatically processes the submission of an applicant’s demographic and biographic data to investigative bureaus for background checks prior to issuing a credential.

IWS DESKTOP SECURITY

IWS Desktop Security is a highly flexible, scalable and modular authentication management platform that is optimized to enhance network security and usability. This architecture provides an additional layer of security to workstations, networks and systems through advanced encryption and authentication technologies. Biometric technologies (face, fingerprint, iris, voice or signature), can be seamlessly coupled with TPM chips to further enhance corporate security. USB tokens, smart cards and RFID technologies can also be readily integrated. Additional features include:
 
 
·
Support for multiple authentication tools including Public Key Infrastructure (PK) within a uniformed platform and privilege Management Infrastructure (PMI) technology to provide more advanced access control services and assure authentication and data integrity.
 
 
·
Integration with IWS Biometric Engine for searching and match capabilities (1:1, 1:N and X:N)

 
·
Integration with IWS EPI Builder for the production and management of secure credentials

 
·
Support for both BioAPI and BAPI standards

 
·
Supports a single sign-on feature that securely manages Internet Explorer and Windows application ID and password information.

 
·
Supports file and folder encryption features.

 
·
Supports various operating systems, including Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003.

IWS BIOMETRIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT & ENHANCEMENT (IWS Biometric IQA&E)

The IWS Biometric IQA&E is a biometric image enhancement and assessment solution that assists government organizations with the ability to evaluate and enrich millions of biometric images automatically, saving time and costs associated with biometric enrollment while maintaining image and database integrity.

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The IWS Biometric IQA&E improves the accuracy and effectiveness of biometric template enrollments. The software may be used stand-alone or in conjunction with the IWS Biometric Engine. IWS Biometric IQA&E provides automated image quality assessment with respect to relevant image quality standards from organizations such as International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), International Organization for Standards (ISO) and American Association of Motor Vehicle Association (AAMVA). IWS Biometric IQA&E also enables organizations to conduct multi-dimensional facial recognition which further enhances accuracy for numerous applications including driver licenses, passports and watch lists.

IWS Biometric IQA&E automatically provides real-time biometric image quality analysis and feedback to improve the overall effectiveness of biometric images thus increasing the biometric verification performance, and maintaining database and image data integrity. IWS Biometric IQA&E provides a complete platform that includes an image enhancement library for biometric types including face, finger and iris.

 
Secure Credential

Our Identification and Secure Credential Products consist of the following products:

IWS CARD MANAGEMENT

The IWS Card Management System (CMS) is a comprehensive solution to support and manage the issuance of smart cards complete with the following capabilities:

·
Biometric enrollment and identity proofing with Smart Card encoding of biometrics

·
Flexible models of central or distributed issuance of credentials

·
Customizable card life-cycle workflow managed by the CMS
 
· 
Integration of the CMS data with other enterprise solutions, such as physical access control and logical access control (i.e. Single-Sign-On – SSO)
 

IWS EPI SUITE

This is an ID software solution for producing, issuing, and managing secure credentials and personal identification cards. Users can efficiently manage large amounts of data, images and card designs, as well as track and issue multiple cards per person; automatically populate multiple cards and eliminate redundant data entry. IWS EPI Suite was designed to integrate with our customers’ existing security and computing infrastructure. We believe that this compatibility may be an appealing feature to corporations, government agencies, transportation departments, school boards, and other public institutions.

IWS EPI BUILDER

This is a software developer’s kit and a leading secure credential component of identity management and security solutions, providing all aspects of ID functionality from image and biometric capture to the enrollment, issuance and management of secure documents. It contains components which developers or systems integrators can use to support and produce secure credentials including national IDs, passports, International Civil Aviation Office (ICAO)-compliant travel documents, smart cards and driver licenses. IWS EPI Builder enables organizations to develop custom identification solutions or incorporate sophisticated identification capabilities into existing applications including the ability to capture images, biometric and demographic data; enable biometric identification and verification (1:1 and 1:X) as well as support numerous biometric hardware and software venders. It also enables users to add electronic identification functionality for other applications, including access control, tracking of time and attendance, point of sale transactions, human resource systems, school photography systems, asset management, inventory control, warehouse management, facilities management and card production systems.

IDENTIFIER FOR WINDOWS

This family of products combines the ability to capture photographic images digitally with the ability to create a database and to print identification cards. Identifier for Windows offers a powerful, versatile, and user-friendly application which can be used by schools, hospitals, corporations and governments.

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IWS PRINTFARM

While it is the last stage of PIV Card Issuance, the PIV smart card printing process is by no means the least important stage.  Production printing of tens of thousands of PIV cards requires a significant investment and a well-engineered system.  The IWS EPI PrintFarm software offers a cost-effective yet high-performance method for high-volume card printing.

IWS PIV ENCODER

PIV smart cards must be programmed with specific mandatory data, digital signatures and programs in order to maintain the interoperability as well as the security features specified for the cards. The IWS PIV Encoder could be considered to be a complex device driver that properly programs the PIV smart cards.  The Encoder interacts with the Card Management System for data payload elements. It interacts with the Certificate Authority to encrypt or sign the PIV smart card data with trusted certificates. Finally, it acts as the application-level device driver to make the specific PIV smart card encoding system properly program the smart card, regardless if the system is a standalone encoding system or one integrated into a card printer.

Law Enforcement and Public Safety

We believe our integrated suite of software products significantly reduces the inefficiencies and expands the capabilities of traditional booking and mugshot systems. Using our products, an agency can create a digital database of thousands of criminal history records, each including one or more full-color facial images, finger and palm prints, text information and images of other distinctive physical features such as scars, marks and tattoos. This database can be quickly searched using text queries or by using our biometric facial recognition or AFIS technology which can compare biometric characteristics of an unknown suspect with those in the database.

Our investigative software products can also be used to create, edit and enhance digital images and to search databases of other agencies to which our customers have access.

Our IWS Law Enforcement solution consists of software modules, which may also be purchased individually. The IWS Law Enforcement Capture and Investigative module make up our booking system and database. Our add-on modules include Livescan, Facial Recognition, Suspect ID, a Wireless module, and a PDA add-on module.

IWS LAW ENFORCEMENT

IWS Law Enforcement is a digital booking, identification and investigative solution that enables users to digitally capture, search, store and retrieve images and demographic data including mug shots, scars, marks and tattoos (SMTs) and fingerprints. Law enforcement can submit fingerprint data directly to the State AFIS, FBI criminal repository, or other agencies as required. Additional features and functionality include real-time access to images and data, creation of digital composite sketches, photo lineups, and production of identification cards and credentials.  IWS Law Enforcement also uses off-the-shelf hardware and is designed to comply with open industry standards so that it can operate on an array of systems ranging from a stand-alone personal computer to a wide area network. To avoid duplication of entries, the system can be integrated easily with several other information storage and retrieval systems, such as a records management system or an automated fingerprint identification system.

CAPTURE

This software module allows users to capture and store facial images as well as images of distinguishing features such as scars, tattoos and other marks. Each entry contains both images and text information in an easy-to-view format made up of distinct fields. Current customers of this module range from agencies that capture a few thousand mugshots per year to those that capture hundreds of thousands of mugshots each year.

LIVESCAN

This software module is FBI certified which complies with the FBI Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) Image Quality Specifications (IQS) while utilizing the latest FBI certified Livescan device from most major vendors. Livescan allows users to capture single to ten prints and palm data, providing an integrated biometric management for civil and law enforcement use. By adding Livescan capabilities, law enforcement organizations further enhance the investigative process by providing additional identifiers to identify suspects involved in a crime.  In addition, officers no longer need to travel to multiple booking stations to capture fingerprints and mug shots.  All booking information including images will be located at a central designation and can be routed to the State AFIS or the FBI criminal history record repository.

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INVESTIGATIVE

This software module allows users to search the database created with IWS Law Enforcement. Officers can conduct text searches in many fields, including file number, name, alias, distinctive features, and other information such as gang membership and criminal history. The Investigative module creates a catalogue of possible matches, allowing officers or witnesses to save time by looking only at mugshots that closely resemble the description of the suspect. This module can also be used to create a line-up of similar facial images from which a witness may identify the suspect.

FACIAL RECOGNITION

This software module uses biometric facial recognition and retrieval technology to help authorities identify possible suspects. Images taken from surveillance videos, digital sketches or photographs can be searched against a digital database of facial images to retrieve any desired number of faces with similar characteristics. This module can also be used at the time of booking to identify persons using multiple aliases. Using biometrics-based technology, the application can search through thousands of facial images in a matter of seconds, reducing the time it would otherwise take a witness to flip through a paper book of facial images that may or may not be similar to the description of the suspect. The Facial Recognition module then creates a selection of possible matches ranked in order of similarity to the suspect, and a percentage confidence level is attributed to each possible match. The application incorporates search engine technology which we license from various facial recognition algorithm providers.

SUSPECT ID

This software module allows officers and witnesses to quickly create full-color, photo-realistic suspect composites. The digital composites are constructed from libraries of facial features based upon actual color photographs of such features. Suspect ID allows officers with minimal computer training and artistic talent to create a suspect composite by pointing and clicking with a mouse. This module can be installed on a laptop computer and taken into the field, allowing officers to conduct interviews and create composites before witnesses’ memories fade. For rapid identification, officers can distribute completed composites within minutes via fax or e-mail.

WIRELESS

The Wireless module enables authorized personnel to access and search a county’s booking records stored in IWS Law Enforcement through a standard Web browser from within the county’s intranet. This module allows remote access to the IWS Law Enforcement database without requiring the user to be physically connected to the customer’s network. This application requires only that the user have access to the Internet and authorization to access the county’s intranet.

PDA

The PDA module is a powerful investigative tool that allows officers to access IWS Law Enforcement booking photos and related data in the field on a handheld Pocket PC compatible device.

Maintenance and Customer Support

As part of our installation of a system, we offer to train our customers’ employees as to the effective use of our products. We offer training both on-site and at our facilities. We offer on-site hardware support to our customers, generally within 24 hours of the customer request. Customers can contract with us for technical support that enables them to use a toll-free number to speak with our technical support center for software support and general assistance 24 hours a day, seven days a week. As many of our government customers operate around the clock and perceive our systems as critical to their day-to-day operations, a very high percentage contract for technical support. Customer support services typically provide us with annual revenue of 12% to 18% of the initial sales price of the hardware and software purchased by our customers.  For the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, maintenance revenues accounted for approximately 43% and 33% of our total revenues.

Software Customization and Fulfillment

We directly employ computer programmers and also retain independent programmers to develop our software and perform quality control. We provide customers with software that we specifically customize to operate on their existing computer system. We work directly with purchasers of our system to ensure that the system they purchase will meet their unique needs. We configure and test the system either at our facilities or on-site and conduct any customized programming necessary to connect the system with any legacy systems already in place.  We can also provide customers with a complete computer hardware system with our software already installed and configured. In either case, the customer is provided with a complete turnkey solution which can be used immediately. When we provide our customers with a complete solution including hardware, we use off-the-shelf computers, cameras and other components purchased from other companies such as Dell or Hewlett Packard. Systems are assembled and configured either at our facilities or at the customer’s location.

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OUR STRATEGY

Our strategy is to provide open-architected identity management solutions including multi-biometric, secure credential and law enforcement technologies that are stand alone, integrated and/or bundled with key partners including channel relationships and large systems integrators such as Honeywell, Boeing, GE Security, CSC, Unisys, HP, IBM, Oracle, Motorola, among others. Key elements of our strategy for growth include the following:

Fully Exploit the Biometrics, Access Control and Identification Markets

The establishment of the Department of Homeland Security coupled with the movement by governments around the world to authenticate the identity of their citizens, employees and contractors has accelerated the adoption of biometric identification systems that can provide secure credentials and instant access to centrally maintained records for real-time verification of identity and access (physical and logical) privileges. Using our products, an organization can create secure credentials that correspond to records including images and biographic data in a digital database. A border guard or customs agent can stop an individual to quickly and accurately verify his identity against a database of authorized persons, and either allow or deny access as required. Our technology is also standards based and applied to facilitate activities such as federal identification mandates while complying with personal identification verification standards (HSPD-12), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards, American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) driver licenses, voter registration, immigration control and welfare fraud identification.

With the identity management market growing at a rapid pace, biometric identifiers are becoming recognized and accepted as integral components to the identification process in the public and private sectors.  As biometric technologies (facial recognition, fingerprint, iris, etc) are adopted, identification systems must be updated to enable their use in the field.  We have built our solutions to enable the incorporation of one or multiple biometrics, which can be associated with a record and stored both in a database and on a card for later retrieval and verification without regard to the specific hardware employed.  We believe the increasing demand for biometric technology will drive demand for our solutions.  Our identity management products are built to accommodate the use of biometrics and meet the demanding requirements across the entire identity life cycle.

Expand Law Enforcement and Public Safety Markets

We intend to use our successful installations with customers such as the Arizona Department of Public Safety, New South Wales Police, and the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department as reference accounts and to market IWS Law Enforcement as a superior technological solution. Our recent addition of the Livescan module and support for local AFIS to our IWS Law Enforcement will enhance its functionality and value to the law enforcement customer as well as increase the potential revenue the Company can generate from a system sale.  We primarily sell directly to the law enforcement community. Our sales strategy is to increase sales to new and existing customers including renewing supporting maintenance agreements. We have also established relationships with large systems integrators such as Sagem Morpho to OEM our law enforcement solution utilizing their worldwide sales force. We will focus our sales efforts in the near term to establish IWS Law Enforcement as the integrated mug shot and Livescan system adopted in as many countries, states, large counties and municipalities as possible. Once we have a system installed in a region, we intend to then sell additional systems or retrieval seats to other agencies within the primary customer’s region and in neighboring regions. In addition, we plan to market our integrated investigative modules to the customer, including the Facial Recognition and Wireless modules, Suspect ID, WitnessView, Wireless module, and PDA module. As customer databases of digital mug shots grow, we expect that the perceived value of our investigative modules, and corresponding revenues from sales of those modules, will also grow.

SALES AND MARKETING

We market and sell our products through our direct sales force and through indirect distribution channels, including systems integrators. As of December 31, 2008 we had sales and account representatives based domestically in Virginia, Maryland, Arizona, and California. Geographically, our sales and marketing force consisted of 10 persons in the United States.  As of January 28, 2010 we have sales and account representatives based domestically in Virginia, Maryland and California. Geographically, our sales and marketing force consists of 9 persons in the United States, one person in Canada and one person in Mexico.

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We sell through a direct sales organization which is supported by the marketing organization.  Our sales professionals are supported by our technical experts who are available by telephone and conduct on-site customer presentations.

The typical sales cycle for IWS Biometric Engine and IWS Law Enforcement includes a pre-sale process to define the potential customer’s needs and budget, an on-site demonstration and conversations between the potential customer and existing customers. Government agencies are typically required to purchase large systems by including a list of requirements in a Request For Proposal, known as an “RFP,” and by allowing several companies to openly bid for the project by responding to the RFP. If our response is selected, we enter into negotiations for the contract and, if successful, ultimately receive a purchase order from the customer. This process can take anywhere from a few months to over a year.

Our Biometric and ID products are also sold to large integrators, direct via our sales force and to end users through distributors. Depending on the customer’s requirements, there may be instances that require an RFP. The sales cycle can vary from a few weeks to a year.

In addition to our direct sales force, we have developed relationships with a number of systems integrators who contract with government agencies for the installation and integration of large computer and communication systems. By acting as a subcontractor to these systems integrators, we are able to avoid the time consuming and often-expensive task of submitting proposals to government agencies, and we also gain access to large clients.

We also work with companies that offer complementary products, where value is created through product integration. Through teaming arrangements we are able to enhance our products and to expand our customer base through the relationships and contracts of our strategic partners.

We promote our products through trade journal advertisements, direct mail and attendance at industry trade shows, including those sponsored by the Biometric Consortium, International Association for Biometrics, American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, International Association for Identification, American Society of Industrial Security and the International Association of Chiefs of Police. We also target other media through public relations efforts, including non-industry publications, daily newspapers, local and national news programs, and television programs related to law enforcement. Articles regarding our products have appeared in Business Week, Los Angeles Times, Chicago Tribune, The Wall Street Journal and a number of other publications.

We plan to continue to market and sell our products internationally. Some of the challenges and risks associated with international sales include the difficulty in protecting our intellectual property rights, difficulty in enforcing agreements through foreign legal systems and volatility and unpredictability in the political and economic conditions of foreign countries. We believe we can work to successfully overcome these challenges.

CUSTOMERS

We have a wide variety of domestic and international customers. Most of our IWS Law Enforcement customers are government agencies at the federal, state and local levels in the United States. Our products are also being used in Australia, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Mexico, Colombia, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Singapore, Indonesia and the Philippines. The customer base for our digital identification systems includes domestic and foreign government agencies, universities, airports, and private sector companies, many of which are Fortune 500 or Fortune 1000 companies.  In 2008, the US Government accounted for approximately 17% of our revenues. In 2007, Unisys Corporation accounted for approximately 18% of our revenues.

COMPETITION

The Law Enforcement and Public Safety Markets

Due to the fragmented nature of the law enforcement and public safety market and the modular nature of our product suite, we face different degrees of competition with respect to each IWS Law Enforcement module. We believe the principal bases on which we compete with respect to all of our products are:

 
·
the unique ability to integrate our modular products into a complete biometric, Livescan, imaging and investigative system;

 
·
our reputation as a reliable systems supplier;

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·
the usability and functionality of our products; and

 
·
the responsiveness, availability and reliability of our customer support.

Our law enforcement product line faces competition from other companies such as DataWorks Plus and Cogent Systems, Inc.  Internationally, there are often a number of local companies offering solutions in most countries.

Identification Markets

Due to the breadth of our software offering in the secure ID market space, we face differing degrees of competition in certain market segments. The strength of our competitive position is based upon:

 
·
our strong brand reputation with a customer base which includes small and medium-sized businesses, Fortune 500 corporations and large government agencies;

 
·
the ease of integrating our technology into other complex applications; and

 
·
the leveraged strength that comes from offering customers software tools, packaged solutions and Web-based service applications that support a wide range of hardware peripherals.

Our software faces competition from Datacard Corporation, a privately held manufacturer of hardware, software and consumables for the ID market. There are also a considerable number of smaller software competitors such as Number Five Software Ltd., Loronix Information Systems, Inc. and Fox Technology Pty Ltd. who compete in differing geographical markets, primarily in the packaged product segment.

Biometric Market

The market to provide biometric systems to the identity management market is evolving and we face competition from a number of sources. We believe that the strength of our competitive position is based on:

 
·
our ability to provide a system which enables the enrollment, management and authentication of multiple biometrics managing population databases of unlimited sizes;

 
·
searches can be 1:1 (verification), 1:N (identification) and X:N (investigative); and N:N (database integrity)

 
·
the system is technology and biometric agnostic, enabling the use of biometric devices and algorithms from any vendor, and the support of the following biometric types: finger, face, iris, hand geometry, palm, DNA, signature, voice, and 3D face and retina;

Our multi-biometric product faces competition from L-1 Identity Solutions, Inc., Ireland-based Daon, and French-based Sagem none of which have offerings with the scope and flexibility of our IWS Biometric Engine.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

We rely on trademark, patent, trade secret and copyright laws and confidentiality and license agreements to protect our intellectual property. We have several unregistered and federally registered trademarks including the trademark ImageWare, as well as trademarks for which there are pending trademark registrations with the United States, Canadian and other International Patent & Trademark Offices.  We hold several issued patents and have several other patent applications pending for elements of our products.  We license and depend on intellectual property from third parties for our biometric products and modules which utilize third party biometric encoding and matching technologies.

We regard our software as proprietary and retain title to and ownership of the software we develop.  We attempt to protect our rights in the software primarily through trade secrets.  We have not published the source code of most of our software products and require employees and other third-parties who have access to the source code and other trade secret information to sign confidentiality agreements acknowledging our ownership and the nature of these materials as our trade secrets.

Despite these precautions, it may be possible for unauthorized parties to copy or reverse-engineer portions of our products.  While our competitive position could be threatened by disclosure or reverse engineering of this proprietary information, we believe that copyright and trademark protection are less important than other factors such as the knowledge, ability, and experience of our personnel, name recognition and ongoing product development and support.

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Our software products are licensed to end users under a perpetual, nontransferable, nonexclusive license that stipulates which modules can be used and how many concurrent users may use them.  These forms of licenses are typically not signed by the licensee and may be more difficult to enforce than signed agreements in some jurisdictions.

Although our products have never been the subject of an infringement claim, we cannot assure that third parties will not assert infringement claims against us in the future or that any such assertion will not require us to enter into royalty arrangements or result in costly litigation.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Our research and development team was made up of 29 and 25 programmers, engineers and other employees as of December 31, 2008 and January 28, 2010 respectively. We also contract with outside programmers for specific projects as needed. We spent approximately $3.0 million and$3.7 million on research and development in 2008 and 2007, respectively. We continually work to increase the speed, accuracy, and functionality of our existing products. We anticipate that our research and development efforts will continue to focus on new technology and products for the identity management markets.

EMPLOYEES

We had a total of 65 and 58 full-time employees as of December 31, 2008 and January 28, 2010 respectively. Our employees are not covered by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. before investing in our common stock, you should consider carefully the specific risks detailed in this “Risk Factors” section and any applicable prospectus or prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information contained in this Report and any prospectus or prospectus supplement. If any of these risks occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed, the price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

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RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

Risks Related to Our Business

We have a history of significant recurring losses totaling approximately $87.2million, and these losses may continue in the future.

As of December 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $87.2 million, and these losses may continue in the future. We will need to raise capital to fund our continuing operations, and financing may not be available to us on favorable terms or at all. In the event financing is not available in the time frame required, we will be forced to sell certain of our assets or license our technologies to others. We expect to continue to incur significant sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses. As a result, we will need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability and we may never achieve profitability.

Our operating results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future. We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations as a result of:

 
·
varying demand for and market acceptance of our technology and products;

 
·
changes in our product or customer mix;

 
·
the gain or loss of one or more key customers or their key customers, or significant changes in the financial condition of one or more of our key customers or their key customers;

 
·
our ability to introduce, certify and deliver new products and technologies on a timely basis;

 
·
the announcement or introduction of products and technologies by our competitors;

 
·
competitive pressures on selling prices;

 
·
costs associated with acquisitions and the integration of acquired companies, products and technologies;

 
·
our ability to successfully integrate acquired companies, products and technologies;

 
·
our accounting and legal expenses; and

 
·
general economic conditions.

These factors, some of which are not within our control, may cause the price of our stock to fluctuate substantially. To respond to these and other factors, we may need to make business decisions that could result in failure to meet financial expectations. If our quarterly operating results fail to meet or exceed the expectations of securities analysts or investors, our stock price could drop suddenly and significantly. Most of our expenses, such as employee compensation, inventory and debt repayment obligations, are relatively fixed in the short term. Moreover, our expense levels are based, in part, on our expectations regarding future revenue levels. As a result, if our revenue for a particular period were below our expectations, we would not be able to proportionately reduce our operating expenses for that period. Any revenue shortfall would have a disproportionately negative effect on our operating results for the period.

We received a “going concern” opinion from our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, which may negatively impact our business.

We received a report from Stonefield Josephson, Inc., our independent registered public accounting firm (“Stonefield Josephson”), regarding our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, which included an explanatory paragraph stating that the consolidated financial statements were prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. The report also stated that our substantial net losses and monetary liabilities have raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  The “going concern” opinion for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, may fail to dispel any continuing doubts about our ability to continue as a going concern and could adversely affect our ability to enter into collaborative relationships with business partners, to raise additional capital and to sell our products, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We currently have limited cash resources and we will require additional funding to finance our working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months.

We currently have limited cash resources and we will require financing to fund our anticipated working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. If we are not able to generate positive cash flows from operations in the near future, we will be required to seek additional funding through public or private equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are required to sell equity to raise additional funds, our existing stockholders may incur substantial dilution and any shares so issued may have rights, preferences and privileges superior to the rights, preferences and privileges of our outstanding common stock. If we seek debt financing, the terms of the financing may require us to agree to restrictive covenants or impose other obligations that limit our ability to grow our business, acquire necessary assets or take other actions that we consider necessary or desirable.  Also, we may be required to obtain funds through arrangements with third parties that require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies or products that we would seek to develop or commercialize ourselves.

Our current ineligibility to use the Registration Statement on Form S-3 may affect our ability to finance our working capital requirements for the next twelve months.

As a result of the fact that we have not been able to remain current with our periodic filings with the SEC we have been ineligible to register shares of our common stock on Form S-3 Registration Statement. Certain investors, for whom the ability to resell their shares relatively soon after they acquire them is important, may only be willing to participate in private financings by us if we can register their shares using a Form S-3 Registration Statement.  Therefore, our ineligibility to use Form S-3 could limit our ability to raise additional capital for at least the next 12 months or such longer period that we are ineligible to use the Form S-3 Registration Statement.

We depend upon a small number of large system sales ranging from $500,000 to in excess of $2,000,000, and we may fail to achieve one or more large system sales in the future.

Historically, we have derived a substantial portion of our revenues from a small number of sales of large, relatively expensive systems, typically ranging in price from $500,000 to $2,000,000. If we fail to receive orders for these large systems in a given sales cycle on a consistent basis, our business could be significantly harmed. Further, our quarterly results are difficult to predict because we cannot predict in which quarter, if any, large system sales will occur in a given year. As a result, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our results of operations are not a good indication of our future performance. In some future quarters, our operating results may be below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, in which case the market price of our common stock may decrease significantly.

Our lengthy sales cycle may cause us to expend significant resources for as long as one year in anticipation of a sale to certain customers, yet we still may fail to complete the sale.

When considering the purchase of a large computerized identity management system, potential customers of ours may take as long as one year to evaluate different systems and obtain approval for the purchase. Under these circumstances, if we fail to complete a sale, we will have expended significant resources and received no revenue in return. Generally, customers consider a wide range of issues before committing to purchase our products, including product benefits, ability to operate with their current systems, product reliability and their own budgetary constraints. While potential customers are evaluating our products, we may incur substantial selling costs and expend significant management resources in an effort to accomplish potential sales that may never occur. In times of economic recession, our potential customers may be unwilling or unable to commit resources to the purchase of new and costly systems.

A significant number of our customers and potential customers are government agencies that are subject to unique political and budgetary constraints and have special contracting requirements which may affect our ability to obtain new and retain current government customers.

A significant number of our customers are government agencies. These agencies often do not set their own budgets and therefore have little control over the amount of money they can spend from quarter-to-quarter or year-to-year. In addition, these agencies experience political pressure that may dictate the manner in which they spend money. Due to political and budgetary processes and other scheduling delays that may frequently occur relating to the contract or bidding process, some government agency orders may be canceled or substantially delayed, and the receipt of revenues or payments from these agencies may be substantially delayed. In addition, future sales to government agencies will depend on our ability to meet government contracting requirements, certain of which may be onerous or impossible to meet, resulting in our inability to obtain a particular contract. Common requirements in government contracts include bonding requirements, provisions permitting the purchasing agency to modify or terminate at will the contract without penalty, and provisions permitting the agency to perform investigations or audits of our business practices, any of which may limit our ability to enter into new contracts or maintain our current contracts.

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We occasionally rely on systems integrators to manage our large projects, and if these companies do not perform adequately, we may lose business.

We occasionally act as a subcontractor to systems integrators who manage large projects that incorporate our systems, particularly in foreign countries. We cannot control these companies, and they may decide not to promote our products or may price their services in such a way as to make it unprofitable for us to continue our relationship with them. Further, they may fail to perform under agreements with their customers, in which case we might lose sales to these customers. If we lose our relationships with these companies, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

If the patents we own or license, or our other intellectual property rights, do not adequately protect our products and technologies, we may lose market share to our competitors and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Our success depends significantly on our ability to protect our rights to the technologies used in our products. We rely on patent protection, trade secrets, as well as a combination of copyright and trademark laws and nondisclosure, confidentiality and other contractual arrangements to protect our technology. However, these legal means afford only limited protection and may not adequately protect our rights or permit us to gain or keep any competitive advantage. In addition, we cannot be assured that any of our current and future pending patent applications will result in the issuance of a patent to us. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) may deny or require significant narrowing of claims in our pending patent applications, and patents issued as a result of the pending patent applications, if any, may not provide us with significant commercial protection or be issued in a form that is advantageous to us. We could also incur substantial costs in proceedings before the PTO. These proceedings could result in adverse decisions as to the claims included in our patents.

Our issued and licensed patents and those that may be issued or licensed in the future may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, which could limit our ability to stop competitors from marketing related products. Additionally, upon expiration of our issued or licensed patents, we may lose some of our rights to exclude others from making, using, selling or importing products using the technology based on the expired patents. We also must rely on contractual rights with the third parties that license technology to us to protect our rights in the technology licensed to us. Although we have taken steps to protect our intellectual property and technology, there is no assurance that competitors will not be able to design around our patents. We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. We cannot assure you that we can meaningfully protect all our rights in our unpatented proprietary technology or that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary products or processes or otherwise gain access to our unpatented proprietary technology. We seek to protect our know-how and other unpatented proprietary technology with confidentiality agreements and intellectual property assignment agreements with our employees. However, such agreements may not provide meaningful protection for our proprietary information in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure or other breaches of the agreements or in the event that our competitors discover or independently develop similar or identical designs or other proprietary information. In addition, we rely on the use of registered and common law trademarks with respect to the brand names of some of our products. Our common law trademarks provide less protection than our registered trademarks. Loss of rights in our trademarks could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Furthermore, the laws of foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. If we fail to apply for intellectual property protection or if we cannot adequately protect our intellectual property rights in these foreign countries, our competitors may be able to compete more effectively against us, which could adversely affect our competitive position, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If third parties claim that we infringe their intellectual property rights, we may incur liabilities and costs and may have to redesign or discontinue selling certain products.

Whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues, the determination of which is often uncertain. We face the risk of claims that we have infringed on third parties’ intellectual property rights. Searching for existing intellectual property rights may not reveal important intellectual property and our competitors may also have filed for patent protection, which is not as yet a matter of public knowledge, or claimed trademark rights that have not been revealed through our availability searches. Our efforts to identify and avoid infringing on third parties’ intellectual property rights may not always be successful. Any claims of patent or other intellectual property infringement, even those without merit, could:

 
·
increase the cost of our products;

 
·
be expensive and time consuming to defend;

 
·
result in us being required to pay significant damages to third parties;
 
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·
force us to cease making or selling products that incorporate the challenged intellectual property;

 
·
require us to redesign, reengineer or rebrand our products;

 
·
require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements in order to obtain the right to use a third party’s intellectual property, the terms of which may not be acceptable to us;

 
·
require us to indemnify third parties pursuant to contracts in which we have agreed to provide indemnification to such parties for intellectual property infringement claims;

 
·
divert the attention of our management; and

 
·
result in our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of the affected products until the litigation is resolved.

In addition, new patents obtained by our competitors could threaten a product’s continued life in the market even after it has already been introduced.


We operate in foreign countries and are exposed to risks associated with foreign political, economic and legal environments and with foreign currency exchange rates.

With our acquisition of G&A Imaging Ltd. in 2001, we have significant foreign operations. As a result, we are exposed to risks, including among others, risks associated with foreign political, economic and legal environments and with foreign currency exchange rates. Our results may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in government policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflation measures, currency conversions, collection of receivables abroad and rates and methods of taxation.

We depend on key personnel, the loss of any of whom could materially adversely affect future operations.

Our success will depend to a significant extent upon the efforts and abilities of our executive officers and other key personnel. The loss of the services of one or more of these key employees and any negative market or industry perception arising from the loss of such services could have a material adverse effect on us and the trading price of our common stock.  Our business will also be dependent upon our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Acquiring and keeping these personnel could prove more difficult or cost substantially more than estimated and we cannot be certain that we will be able to retain such personnel or attract a high caliber of personnel in the future.

Compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 may result in substantial costs to us and a diversion of management attention and resources, and failure to maintain adequate internal controls over financial reporting could result in our business being harmed and our stock price declining.
 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires us to document and test the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with an established control framework and to report on our management’s conclusion as to the effectiveness of these internal controls over financial reporting beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007.  This section also requires that our independent registered public accounting firm provide an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2010. Our management completed its evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008 and concluded that our internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of that date. As of the end of the third quarter of 2008, we were faced with limited funds for operations and were compelled to suspend SEC filings. Management has determined that this late filing situation was due to shortages in capital resources and is not related to internal controls over financial reporting.
 
The standards that must be met for management to continue to assess the internal control over financial reporting are complex and will require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation to meet the detailed standards.  In addition, the attestation process that must be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm is new and complex. We may encounter problems or delays in completing the activities necessary to continue to make assessments of our internal control over financial reporting, completing the implementation of any requested improvements, or receiving an unqualified attestation of our assessment by our independent registered public accountants.  Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be evaluated frequently, so compliance with these new rules could require us to incur substantial costs and may require a significant amount of time and attention of management, which could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. If we are unable to continue to our internal control over financial reporting as effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to provide an unqualified attestation report on our assessment, investors may lose confidence in us and our stock price may be negatively impacted.

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We face competition from companies with greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources, and, if we are unable to compete effectively with these competitors, our market share may decline and our business could be harmed.

We face competition from other established companies. A number of our competitors have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, significantly greater financial, technological, sales, marketing and other resources than we do.  As a result, our competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or client requirements, more quickly develop new products or devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products and services than we can.  Likewise, their greater capabilities in these areas may enable them to better withstand periodic downturns in the identity management solutions industry and compete more effectively on the basis of price and production.  In addition, new companies may enter the markets in which we compete, further increasing competition in the identity management solutions industry.

We believe that our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors, including the type and quality of our products and the strength of our brand names, as well as many factors beyond our control. We may not be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors, and increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced profit margins, loss of market share and an inability to generate cash flows that are sufficient to maintain or expand the development and marketing of new products, any of which would adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Securities

Our common stock is no longer listed on the AMEX or the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board and is now traded on the Pink Sheets.

In May of 2008 the AMEX removed ImageWare’s common stock from being listed on their exchange as we failed to comply with AMEX’s continued listing standards.  In December of 2008 our common stock was removed from being quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board as we failed to make the required filings with the SEC in the required timeframe.  As of the end of the third quarter of 2008 we were faced with limited funds for operations and were compelled to suspend SEC filings and the associated costs until such time as we had sufficient resources to cover ongoing operations and the expenses of maintaining compliance with SEC filing requirements.   There is no assurance that we will be able to attain compliance with SEC filing requirements in the future, and if we are able to attain compliance, there is no assurance we will be able to maintain compliance.  If we are not able to attain and maintain compliance with SEC reporting requirements for the minimum required periods, we will not be eligible for re-listing on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board or other exchanges.

The holders of our preferred stock have certain rights and privileges that are senior to our common stock, and we may issue additional shares of preferred stock without stockholder approval that could have a material adverse effect on the market value of the common stock.

Our Board of Directors (“Board”) has the authority to issue a total of up to 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions, including voting rights, of the preferred stock, which typically are senior to the rights of the common stockholders, without any further vote or action by the common stockholders. The rights of our common stockholders will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of the preferred stock that have been issued, or might be issued in the future. Preferred stock also could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock. This could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control. Furthermore, holders of preferred stock may have other rights, including economic rights, senior to the common stock. As a result, their existence and issuance could have a material adverse effect on the market value of the common stock. We have in the past issued and may from time to time in the future issue, preferred stock for financing or other purposes with rights, preferences, or privileges senior to the common stock. As of December 31, 2008, we had three series of preferred stock outstanding, Series B preferred stock, Series C 8% convertible preferred stock and Series D 8% convertible preferred stock.

The provisions of our Series B Preferred Stock prohibit the payment of dividends on the common stock unless the dividends on those preferred shares are first paid. In addition, upon a liquidation, dissolution or sale of our business, the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive, in preference to any distribution to the holders of common stock, initial distributions of $2.50 per share, plus all accrued but unpaid dividends.  Pursuant to the terms of our Series B Preferred Stock we are obligated to pay cumulative cash dividends on shares of Series B Preferred Stock from legally available funds at the annual rate of $0.2125 per share, payable in two semi-annual installments of $0.10625 each, which cumulative dividends must be paid prior to payment of any dividend on our common stock. As of December 31, 2008, we had cumulative undeclared dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock of approximately $34,000.

19

The Series C Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference equal to its stated value, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon and any other fees or liquidated damages owing thereon. The Series C Preferred Stock accrues cumulative dividends at the rate of 8.0% of the stated value per share per annum.  At the option of the Company, the dividend payment may be made in the form of cash, after the payment of cash dividends to the holders of Series B Preferred Stock, or common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock.  Each share of Series C Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into a number of shares of common stock equal to the stated value (initially $1,000 per share, subject to adjustment), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, divided by the conversion price (initially $1.50 per share, subsequently adjusted to $0.50 per share and subject to further adjustment). Subject to certain limitations, the conversion price per share shall be adjusted in the event of certain subsequent stock dividends, splits, reclassifications, dilutive issuances, rights offerings, and reclassifications.  Certain activities may not be undertaken by the Company without the affirmative vote of a majority of the holders of the outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2008, we had cumulative undeclared dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock of approximately $404,000.

The Series D Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference equal to its stated value, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon and any other fees or liquidated damages owing thereon. The Series D Preferred Stock accrues cumulative dividends at the rate of 8.0% of the stated value per share per annum.  At the option of the Company, the dividend payment may be made in the form of cash, after the payment of cash dividends to the holders of Series B and Series C Preferred Stock, or common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock.  Each share of Series D Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into a number of shares of common stock equal to the stated value (initially $1,000 per share, subject to adjustment), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, divided by the conversion price (initially $1.90 per share, subsequently adjusted to 0.50 per share and subject to further adjustment). Subject to certain limitations, the conversion price per share shall be adjusted in the event of certain subsequent stock dividends, splits, reclassifications, dilutive issuances, rights offerings, and reclassifications.  Certain activities may not be undertaken by the Company without the affirmative vote of a majority of the holders of the outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2008, we had cumulative undeclared dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock of approximately $230,000.
 
Our stock price has been volatile, and your investment in our common stock could suffer a decline in value.

There has been significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of equity securities, which is unrelated to the financial performance of the companies issuing the securities. These broad market fluctuations may negatively affect the market price of our common stock. You may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you pay for those shares due to fluctuations in the market price of our common stock caused by changes in our operating performance or prospects and other factors.

Some specific factors that may have a significant effect on our common stock market price include:

 
·
actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results or future prospects;

 
·
our announcements or our competitors’ announcements of new products;

 
·
the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

 
·
strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;

 
·
new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;

 
·
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;

 
·
changes in our growth rates or our competitors’ growth rates;

 
·
developments regarding our patents or proprietary rights or those of our competitors;

 
·
our inability to raise additional capital as needed;

 
·
substantial sales of common stock underlying warrants and preferred stock;

 
·
concern as to the efficacy of our products;

 
·
changes in financial markets or general economic conditions;

 
·
sales of common stock by us or members of our management team; and

 
·
changes in stock market analyst recommendations or earnings estimates regarding our common stock, other comparable companies or our industry generally.

20

Our future sales of our common stock could adversely affect its price and our future capital-raising activities could involve the issuance of equity securities, which would dilute shareholders’ investments and could result in a decline in the trading price of our common stock.

We may sell securities in the public or private equity markets if and when conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock and our ability to raise capital. We may issue additional common stock in future financing transactions or as incentive compensation for our executive management and other key personnel, consultants and advisors. Issuing any equity securities would be dilutive to the equity interests represented by our then-outstanding shares of common stock. The market price for our common stock could decrease as the market takes into account the dilutive effect of any of these issuances. Furthermore, we may enter into financing transactions at prices that represent a substantial discount to the market price of our common stock. A negative reaction by investors and securities analysts to any discounted sale of our equity securities could result in a decline in the trading price of our common stock.

If registration rights that we have previously granted are exercised, then the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

We have agreed to register with the SEC certain shares of our common stock which we issued in unregistered offerings.  In the event these securities are registered with the SEC, they may be freely sold in the open market provided the registration statement relating to such shares becomes effective and subject to trading restrictions to which our affiliates holding the shares may be subject from time to time. We expect that we also will be required to register any securities sold in future private financings. Additionally, the number of shares of our common stock underlying issued and outstanding warrants and preferred stock registered under prior registration statements, many of which are now available for resale under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, is substantial and sales of such underlying stock could cause significant dilution.  The sale of a significant amount of shares in the open market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline or become highly volatile.

Our corporate documents and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition involving us that our stockholders may consider favorable. For example, our certificate of incorporation authorizes preferred stock, which carries special rights, including voting and dividend rights. With these rights, preferred stockholders could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us.

We are also subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Under these provisions, if anyone becomes an “interested stockholder,” we may not enter into a “business combination” with that person for three years without special approval, which could discourage a third party from making a takeover offer and could delay or prevent a change of control. For purposes of Section 203, “interested stockholder” means, generally, someone owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock or an affiliate of ours that owned 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock during the past three years, subject to certain exceptions as described in Section 203.

We do not expect to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate that any cash dividends will be paid on the common stock for the foreseeable future. The payment of any cash dividend by us will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, capital, regulatory requirements and financial condition. Furthermore, the terms of our Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock directly limit our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock.

Securities analysts may not continue to cover our common stock or may issue negative reports, and this may have a negative impact on our common stock’s market price.

There is no guarantee that securities analysts will continue to cover our common stock. If securities analysts do not cover our common stock, the lack of research coverage may adversely affect our common stock’s market price. The trading market for our common stock relies in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about our business or us. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrades our stock, our stock price may decline rapidly. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our common stock, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline. In addition, rules mandated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and a global settlement reached between the SEC, other regulatory analysts and a number of investment banks in April 2003, may lead to a number of fundamental changes in how analysts are reviewed and compensated. In particular, many investment banking firms will now be required to contract with independent financial analysts for their stock research. It may be difficult for companies with smaller market capitalizations, such as our company, to attract independent financial analysts that will cover our common stock, which could have a negative effect on our market price.

21

The large number of holders and lack of concentration of ownership of our common stock may make it difficult for us to reach a quorum or obtain an affirmative vote of our stockholders at future stockholder meetings.

Our stock is held in a large number of individual accounts. As a result, it may be difficult for us to reach a quorum or obtain an affirmative vote of a majority of our stockholders where either of those thresholds are measured based on the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding. Difficulty in obtaining a stockholder vote could impact our ability to complete any financing or strategic transaction requiring stockholder approval or effect basic corporate governance changes, such as an increase in the authorized number of shares of our preferred stock and our common stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties.
 
As of December 31, 2008 our corporate headquarters were located in San Diego, California where we occupied approximately 16,000 square feet of office space and approximately 1,000 square feet of warehouse space. Our lease for this facility was for an indefinite term subject to termination on a 60 day notice at a cost of approximately $13,000 per month.  As of January 28, 2010 the monthly rate for our corporate headquarters was reduced to a cost of approximately $10,000 per month.  We occupy 6,768 square feet in Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Canada. These premises are leased until September 2013, at a cost of approximately $14,000 per month. As of December 31, 2008 we occupied 3,470 square feet of office space in Portland, Oregon at a cost of approximately $7,300 per month.  Our lease for this facility expired in October 2009.  As of January 28, 2010 we occupy 6,024 square feet of office space in Portland, Oregon at a cost of approximately $11,044 per month and continues through October 2012.  As of January 28, 2010 we occupy approximately 500 square feet of office space in Mexico City, Mexico.  Our lease for this facility is for an indefinite term at a cost of approximately $800 per month.
 
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We are periodically engaged in litigation in the ordinary course of business and do not believe that any of such litigation is material to our ongoing operations.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.

Market Information.

Our Common Stock is quoted under the symbol “IWSY” on the Pink Sheets.

The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices per share for our Common Stock  for each quarter in 2008 and 2007:

2008 Fiscal Quarters
 
High
   
Low
 
First Quarter
  $ 1.610     $ 0.950  
Second Quarter
  $ 1.150     $ 0.250  
Third Quarter
  $ 0.800     $ 0.340  
Fourth Quarter
  $ 0.480     $ 0.050  

2007 Fiscal Quarters
 
High
   
Low
 
First Quarter
  $ 2.810     $ 1.450  
Second Quarter
  $ 2.740     $ 1.450  
Third Quarter
  $ 2.180     $ 1.400  
Fourth Quarter
  $ 2.000     $ 1.400  

There is no public trading market for our preferred stock.

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Holders.

As of January 28, 2010, there were approximately 600 holders of record of our Common Stock.

Dividends.

We have never declared or paid dividends on our Common Stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our shares of Common Stock in the foreseeable future. We are obligated to pay cumulative cash dividends on shares of Series B Preferred Stock from legally available funds at the annual rate of $0.2125 per share, payable in two semi-annual installments of $0.10625 each, which cumulative dividends must be paid prior to payment of any dividend on our Common Stock.  The holders of our Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends, at the option of the Company, payable (i) in common stock upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock, or (ii) in cash after the payment of cash dividends to the holders of our Series B Preferred Stock at the rate of 8% per annum (as a percentage of stated value per share).  The holders of our Series D Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends, at the option of the Company, payable (i) in common stock upon conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock, or (ii) in cash after the payment of cash dividends to the holders of our Series B Preferred Stock at the rate of 8% per annum (as a percentage of stated value per share).

As of December 31, 2008, the Company had cumulative undeclared dividends of approximately $34,000 relating to our Series B Preferred Stock, approximately $404,000 relating to our Series C Preferred Stock, and approximately $230,000 relating to our Series D Preferred Stock.

Repurchases.

We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during fiscal 2008.

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Item 7.                      Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.  This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.  Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A above.  Due to such fluctuations, historical results and percentage relationships are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any future period.

24

OVERVIEW

ImageWare Systems, Inc. is a leader in the emerging market for software-based identity management solutions, providing biometric, secure credential and law enforcement technologies.  Our “flagship” product is the IWS Biometric Engine™.  Scalable for small city, enterprise or worldwide deployment, our biometric engine is a multi-biometric platform that is hardware and algorithm independent, enabling the enrollment and management of unlimited population sizes.  Our identification products are used to manage and issue secure credentials including national IDs, passports, driver licenses, smart cards and access control credentials. Our law enforcement products provide law enforcement with integrated mug shot, fingerprint Livescan and investigative capabilities.  Biometric technology is now an integral part of all markets we address, and all of our products are integrated into the Biometric Engine Platform.  Elements of the biometric engine can be used as investigative tools to law enforcement potentially utilizing multiple biometrics and forensic data elements, and to enhance security and authenticity of public and private sector credentials.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principals generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to utilize accounting policies and make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingencies as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during a fiscal period. The SEC considers an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to a company’s financial condition and results of operations, and if it requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. Although we believe that our judgments and estimates are appropriate and correct, actual results may differ from those estimates.
 
The following are our critical accounting policies because we believe they are both important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require critical management judgments and estimates about matters that are uncertain. If actual results or events differ materially from those contemplated by us in making these estimates, our reported financial condition and results of operations for future periods could be materially affected.  For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies, see Note 2 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, beginning on page 68.

Revenue Recognition

Our revenue recognition policy is significant because our revenue is a key component of our consolidated results of operations. We recognize revenue from the following major revenue sources:

 
·
Long-term fixed-price contracts involving significant customization

 
·
Fixed-price contracts involving minimal customization

 
·
Software licensing

 
·
Sales of computer hardware and identification media

 
·
Postcontract customer support (PCS)
 
The Company’s revenue recognition policies are consistent with U. S. GAAP including Statements of Position 97-2 “Software Revenue Recognition” and 98-9 “Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition With Respect to Certain Transactions”, Statement of Position 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts “Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin 104 , Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-21 “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 03-05 “Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables in an Arrangement Containing More-Than-Incidental Software”. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

25

We recognize revenue and profit as work progresses on long-term, fixed-price contracts involving significant amount of hardware and software customization using the percentage of completion method based on costs incurred to date compared to total estimated costs at completion. Revenue from contracts for which we cannot reliably estimate total costs or there are not significant amounts of customization are recognized upon completion. Determining when a contract should be accounted for using the percentage of completion method involves judgment. Critical items that are considered in this process are the degree of customization and related labor hours necessary to complete the required work as well as ongoing estimates of the future labor hours needed to complete the contract. We also generate non-recurring revenue from the licensing of our software. Software license revenue is recognized upon the execution of a license agreement, upon deliverance, fees are fixed and determinable, collectability is probable and when all other significant obligations have been fulfilled. We also generate revenue from the sale of computer hardware and identification media. Revenue for these items is recognized upon delivery of these products to the customer. Our revenue from periodic maintenance agreements is generally recognized ratably over the respective maintenance periods provided no significant obligations remain and collectability of the related receivable is probable.

For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies, see Note 1 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, beginning on page 67.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We provide an allowance for our accounts receivable for estimated losses that may result from our customers’ inability to pay.  We determine the amount of allowance by analyzing historical losses, customer concentrations, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends, the age of the accounts receivable balances, and changes in our customer payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Our accounts receivables balance was $503,000, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $28,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Valuation of Goodwill, Other Intangible and Long-Lived Assets

We assess impairment of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:

·
Significant underperformance relative to historical or expected future operating results;

·
Significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy of our overall business;

·
Significant negative industry or economic trends;
 
When we determine that the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we measure any impairment based upon fair value methodologies. Goodwill and other net intangible assets amounted to approximately $3,416,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008.  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, we completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc.  We recorded goodwill from this acquisition of approximately $1,036,000 after the allocation of purchase price as determined by employing fair value methodologies. In March2008, we amended the purchase agreement for the acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc. originally consummated December 19, 2007. As a result of this amendment, which reduced the purchase price of the Sol Logic assets, we reversed previously recorded goodwill from this acquisition of approximately $1,036,000 as originally reflected in the 2007 consolidated financial statements.

In 2002, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” became effective, and as a result we ceased to amortize goodwill. In lieu of amortization, we performed an initial impairment review of our goodwill in June, 2002 and will perform an annual impairment review thereafter in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year.  Our tests were conducted by determining and comparing the fair value of our reporting units, as defined in SFAS 142, to the reporting unit’s carrying value as of that date.

With the sale of our Digital Photography component in 2006, we reassessed the composition of our operating segments and determined that we no longer operate in separate, distinct market segments but rather operate in one market segment, such segment being identity management.  The Company’s determination was based on fundamental changes in the Company’s business structure due to the consolidation of operations, restructuring of the Company’s operations and management team, and the integration of what where previously distinct, mutually exclusive technologies.  This has resulted in changes in the manner by which the Company’s chief decision maker assesses performance and makes decisions concerning resource allocation.  As a result of our operation in one market segment, such segment being identity management, our 2008 and 2007 goodwill impairment review consisted of the comparison of the fair value of our identity management segment as determined by the quoted market prices of our common stock to the carrying amount of the segment. As the fair value exceeded the carrying value by a substantial margin, we determined that our goodwill was not impaired.

26

There are many management assumptions and estimates underlying the determination of an impairment loss, and estimates using different, but reasonable, assumptions could produce significantly different results. Significant assumptions include estimates of future levels of revenues and operating expenses. Therefore, the timing and recognition of impairment losses by us in the future, if any, may be highly dependent upon our estimates and assumptions.  There can be no assurance that goodwill impairment will not occur in the future.

We account for long-lived assets in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”  This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.  Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.  If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.  Fair value is determined based on discounted cash flows or appraised values, depending upon the nature of the asset.  Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount of fair value less costs to sell.  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 we completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc.  Pursuant to this acquisition, we recorded approximately $2,311,000 in identifiable intangible assets.  The assets acquired were a covenant not to compete valued at approximately $200,000, customer base valued at approximately $93,000 and developed technology valued at approximately $2,018,000.  The allocation of the purchase price was based on fair value methodologies.

In 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $742,000 related to our intangible assets related to our acquisition of Sol Logic in 2007.  This loss reflects the amount by which the carrying value of this asset exceeded its estimated fair value determined by the assets’ future discounted cash flows.  The impairment loss is recorded as a component of “Operating expenses” in the Statement of Operations for 2008.  We recorded no impairment losses for long-lived or intangible assets during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. There are many management assumptions and estimates underlying the determination of an impairment loss, and estimates using different, but reasonable, assumptions could produce significantly different results. Significant assumptions include estimates of future levels of revenues and operating expenses. Therefore, the timing and recognition of impairment losses by us in the future, if any, may be highly dependent upon our estimates and assumptions.  There can be no assurance that intangible asset impairment will not occur in the future.

Stock-Based Compensation

Upon adoption of SFAS No. 123R “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation” on January 1, 2006, we began estimating the value of employee stock options on the grant date using the Black-Scholes model. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the value of each employee stock option was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model for the purpose of the pro forma financial disclosure in accordance with SFAS No. 123R. The determination of fair value of stock-based payment awards on the grant date using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards and the actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. We calculated our expected volatility assumption required in the Black-Scholes model based on the historical volatility of our stock. As of January 1, 2006 we have adopted the modified prospective transition method and its effect is included in our consolidated financial statements for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008.  We will update these assumptions on at least an annual basis and on an interim basis if significant changes to the assumptions are warranted.

27

Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007

Revenues

Product Revenues

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
   
DECEMBER 31,
 
($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
Change
   
2007
   
                     
Product revenues:
                   
Software and Royalties
 
$
2,362
   
-52
%
 
$
4,966
   
Percentage of total net product revenue
 
64
%
 
-24
%
 
88
%
 
Hardware and consumables
 
$
171
   
-51
%
 
$
350
   
Percentage of total net product revenue
 
5
%
 
-2
%
 
6
%
 
Services
 
$
1,174
   
250
%
 
$
336
   
Percentage of total net product revenue
 
31
%
 
25
%
 
6
%
 
Total net product revenues
 
$
3,707
   
-34
%
 
$
5,652
   

Identity management software and royalty revenues decreased 52% or approximately $2,605,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007.  The decrease is due primarily to lower project-oriented revenues of our Personal Identity Verification (“PIV”) and Biometric Engine software solutions of approximately $1,706,000, lower identification software royalties and license revenues of approximately $520,000 relating  primarily to our Desktop Security product, lower sales of our boxed identity management software through our distribution channel of approximately $248,000 and lower Law Enforcement project-oriented revenues of approximately $131,000.
 
Revenues from the sale of hardware and consumables decreased 51% or $179,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007.  The decrease reflects lower revenues from project solutions containing hardware and consumable components.
 
Services revenues are comprised primarily of software integration services, system installation services and customer training.  Such revenues increased approximately $838,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 due primarily to higher service revenues being generated from software integration of our biometric engine and PIV products into project solutions offset by a decrease in our installation of hardware products.

We expect service revenues to continue to be a significant component of our revenues  through our implementation of large-scale high-end installations.

We believe that the period-to-period fluctuations of identity management software revenue in project-oriented solutions are largely due to the timing of government procurement with respect to the various programs we are pursuing.  Based on management’s current visibility into the timing of potential government procurements, we believe that we will see a significant increase in government procurement and implementations with respect to identity management initiatives however we cannot predict the timing of such initiatives.
 
Our backlog of product orders as of December 31, 2008, was approximately $1,839,000.  At December 31, 2008, we also had maintenance and support backlog of approximately $872,000 under existing maintenance agreements.  Product revenue is typically recognized within a three to six month period for projects not requiring significant customization. Projects that require significant customization can range from six months to two years depending upon the required degree of customization and customer implementation schedules. Historically, we have experienced a very minimal risk of order cancellation and do not anticipate order cancellations in excess of 5%.  Our revenue from maintenance agreements is generally recognized ratably over the respective maintenance periods provided no significant obligations remain and collectability of the related receivable is probable.

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Maintenance Revenues

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
   
DECEMBER 31,
($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
Change
   
2007
                 
Maintenance revenues
 
$
2,808
   
-1
%
 
$
2,836

Maintenance revenues decreased 1% or approximately $28,000.  The decrease in maintenance revenues reflects lower revenues generated due to the expiration of maintenance contracts on certain identification software solutions combined with lower maintenance revenues generated from our Desktop Security product due to the expiration of certain maintenance contracts related to this product.

We anticipate continued growth of our installed base through the retention of existing customers combined with the completion of project-oriented work; however we cannot predict the timing of this anticipated growth.

Cost of Product Revenues

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
($ in thousands)
 
DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2008
   
Change
   
2007
 
Cost of Product Revenues:
                 
Software and Royalties
  $ 419       -58 %   $ 1,008  
Percentage of software and royalty net product revenue
    18 %     -2 %     20 %
Hardware and consumables
  $ 157       -47 %   $ 295  
Percentage of hardware and consumables net product revenue
    92 %     8 %     84 %
Services
  $ 486       531 %   $ 77  
Percentage of services net product revenue
    41 %     18 %     23 %
Total net product revenues
  $ 1,062       -23 %   $ 1,380  
Percentage of total net product revenues
    29 %     5 %     24 %

The cost of software and royalty product revenue decreased 58% or $589,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 due to lower software and royalty revenues generated during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008.  In addition to changes in costs of software and royalties product revenues caused by revenue level fluctuations, costs of products can also vary as a percentage of product revenue from period to period depending upon the level of software customization and third party software license content included in product sales during a given period.

Costs of product revenues of our hardware and consumables revenues decreased approximately 47% or $138,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period of 2007 due to lower sales of hardware and consumables.  Sales of hardware decreased approximately $140,000 and sales of consumables decreased approximately $40,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007. These revenue decreases resulted in lower cost of sales of approximately $60,000 related to hardware and lower cost of sales of approximately $78,000 related consumables.

Costs of service revenues increased approximately 531% or $409,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period of 2007 due to an increase in integration services and system installation services generated from project work

29

Costs of products also can vary as a percentage of product revenue from period to period depending upon product mix and the third party software license content, hardware content, and print media consumable content included in systems installed during a given period.

Maintenance Cost of Revenues

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
($ in thousands)
 
DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2008
   
Change
   
2007
 
                   
Total maintenance cost of revenues
  $ 1,146       -2 %   $ 1,166  
Percentage of total maintenance revenues
    41 %     0 %     41 %

Costs of maintenance revenues decreased 2% or $20,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 due to lower maintenance costs for replacement hardware and a greater percentage of maintenance revenues being derived from software maintenance which typically has lower costs than hardware maintenance.
 

Product Gross Profit

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
($ in thousands)
 
DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2008
   
Change
   
2007
 
Product gross profit 
                 
Software and royalties
  $ 1,944       -51 %   $ 3,959  
Percentage of software and royalty product revenue
    82 %     2 %     80 %
Hardware and consumables
  $ 13       -75 %   $ 54  
Percentage of hardware and consumables product revenue
    8 %     -8 %     16 %
Services
  $ 688       166 %   $ 259  
Percentage of services product revenue
    59 %     -18 %     77 %
Total product gross profit
  $ 2,645       -37 %   $ 4,272  
Percentage of total product revenues
    71 %     -5 %     76 %

Total product gross profit as a percentage of product revenues decreased approximately 5%.  The dollar decrease of $1,627,000 reflects lower product revenues generated in the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2008.  In addition to changes in costs of software and royalties product revenues caused by revenue level fluctuations, costs of products can also vary as a percentage of product revenue from period to period depending upon the level of software customization and third party software license content included in product sales during a given period.

The dollar decrease in gross profit of software and royalties of approximately 51% or $2,015,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 reflects lower sales of software and royalties into project-oriented work of approximately $2,605,000 in the twelve month period ending December 31, 2008.
 
Hardware and consumable gross profit as a percentage of hardware and consumable product revenue decreased approximately $41,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 due to lower sales of hardware and consumables of approximately $180,000 in the twelve month period ending December 31, 2008.

30

Services gross profit increased approximately $429,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period of 2007 due to higher project revenues for the integration and customization of our Biometric Engine and PIV products into project solutions.


Maintenance Gross Profit

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
($ in thousands)
 
DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2008
   
Change
   
2007
 
Maintenance gross profit
                 
Total maintenance gross profit
  $ 1,662       2 %   $ 1,670  
Percentage of total maintenance revenues
    59 %     0 %     59 %

Total gross profit dollars related to maintenance revenues decreased approximately $8,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 and reflect lower maintenance revenues of approximately $28,000 offset by lower maintenance costs of $20,000.  Our decrease in maintenance revenues reflects lower revenues generated due to the expiration of maintenance contracts on certain identification software solutions combined with lower maintenance revenues generated from our Desktop Security product due to the expiration of certain maintenance contracts related to this product.  Our decrease in the cost of maintenance revenues reflects lower maintenance costs for replacement hardware and a greater percentage of maintenance revenues being derived from software maintenance which typically has lower costs than hardware maintenance.

Operating Expenses

   
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
 
   
DECEMBER 31,
 
($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
Change
   
2007
 
                   
Operating expenses:
                 
General & administrative
  $ 3,553       -8 %   $ 3,865  
Percentage of total net revenue
    55 %     9 %     46 %
Sales and marketing
  $ 2,111       -20 %   $ 2,647  
Percentage of total net revenue
    32 %     1 %     31 %
Research & development
  $ 2,956       -19 %   $ 3,669  
Percentage of total net revenue
    45 %     2 %     43 %
Impairment loss
  $ 742       100 %   $ 0  
     Percentage of total net revenue
    11 %     11 %     0 %
Depreciation and amortization
  $ 772       200 %   $ 258  
Percentage of total net revenue
    12 %     9 %     3 %

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses are comprised primarily of salaries and other employee-related costs for executive, financial, and other infrastructure personnel. General legal, accounting and consulting services, insurance, occupancy and communication costs are also included with general and administrative expenses.

General and administrative expenses decreased during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007 by approximately $312,000.  Major components of this change are:

 
·
Decrease in stock-based compensation expense of approximately $111,000 due the vesting of certain restricted stock grants combined with lower expenses recorded pursuant to SFAS 123(R) due to the expiration of vesting periods for certain prior year share-based payment issuances.

 
·
Decrease in consulting and professional fees expense of approximately $229,000 due to the termination of various consulting agreements.

 
·
Decrease in insurance expense of approximately $24,000; decrease in facilities related expense of approximately $32,000 and decrease in bad debt expense of approximately $25,000.

 
·
Increase in salaries and related personnel costs of approximately $22,000 and increases in royalty and license expense of approximately $87,000.

31

The percentage increase is reflective of lower total net revenues during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007.
 
We are continuing to focus our efforts on achieving additional future operating efficiencies by reviewing and improving upon existing business processes and evaluating our cost structure. We believe these efforts will allow us to continue to gradually decrease our level of general and administrative expenses expressed as a percentage of total revenues.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of the salaries, commissions, other incentive compensation, employee benefits and travel expenses of our sales force.

Selling and marketing expenses decreased in 2008 by approximately $536,000.  Major components of this change are:

 
·
Decrease in salaries and personnel costs of approximately $242,000 due to reductions in headcount.

 
·
Decrease in advertising and trade show expenses of approximately $109,000.

 
·
Decrease in travel related expenses $91,000.

 
·
Decrease in equipment and supplies of approximately $36,000.

 
·
Decrease in professional services of approximately $58,000.

We anticipate that the level of expenses incurred for sales and marketing during the twelve months ended December 31, 2009 will increase as we pursue large project solution opportunities.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries, employee benefits and outside contractors for new product development, product enhancements and custom integration work.

Research and development expenses were approximately $2,956,000 and $3,669,000 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  Such expenses decreased 19% or approximately $713,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007.  The decrease reflects reductions in contract programming expenditures of approximately $656,000 combined with reductions in salaries and employee benefits of approximately $73,000 due to reductions in headcount.  These reductions were offset by increases in facilities related expenses of $32,000.  Travel expenditures decreased by $16,000.

 Our level of expenditures in research and development reflects our belief that to maintain our competitive position in markets characterized by rapid rates of technological advancement, we must continue to invest significant resources in new systems and software as well as continue to enhance existing products.

Impairment Losses

Impairment losses represent the amount by which the carrying amount of long-lived assets exceeds their fair value.  Fair value is determined based on the best information available in the circumstances, including present value techniques.  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2008, we recorded impairment losses of $742,000 for long-lived intangible assets acquired in the Company’s December 2007 purchase of certain assets of Sol Logic, Inc.
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization increased during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the corresponding period in 2007.  This increase reflects higher amortization expense of approximately $509,000 for certain definite long-lived intangible assets acquired in the Company’s December 2007 purchase of certain assets of Sol Logic, Inc.  Depreciation expense increased approximately $4,000 due to the depreciation of fixed assets acquired in the Company’s December 2007 purchase of certain assets of Sol Logic, Inc.

32

Interest Expense, Net

For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recognized interest income of $11,000 and interest expense of $30,000. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we recognized interest income of $48,000 and interest expense of $263,000.

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 contains 3 components approximating $248,000 related to our secured notes payable issued in March 2006 and paid in full in March 2007: $19,000 of coupon interest, $213,000 in note discount amortization, and $16,000 in deferred financing fee amortization classified as interest expense.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As of December 31, 2008, we had total current assets of $884,000 and total current liabilities of $5,069,000, or negative working capital of $4,185,000. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had available cash of $171,000 and $1,044,000, respectively. In 2009, we secured a line of credit facility through the issuance of a secured promissory note whereby we borrowed an aggregate amount of approximately $2,325,000 and subsequently repaid $350,000. In 2009, we also undertook a series of warrant financings whereby we raised approximately $1,371,000 in cash.  Despite securing these financing arrangements, we still have negative working capital and will need to secure additional new financing to fund working capital and operations should we be unable to generate positive cash flow from operation in the near future.
 
Net cash used in operating activities was $2,192,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared to $2,875,000 for the corresponding period in 2007. We used cash to fund net losses of $3,421,000, excluding non-cash expenses (depreciation, amortization, debt issuance costs, debt discount, stock-based compensation, and provision for losses on accounts receivable, reductions in inventory valuation allowance, and write-down of investments in equity securities) of $2,297,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008.  We used cash to fund net losses of $3,568,000, excluding non-cash expenses (depreciation, amortization, accretion of beneficial conversion feature on convertible debt, debt discount, stock-based compensation, increases in inventory valuation allowance, impairment losses recorded on intangible assets and write-down of prepaid royalties) of $1,117,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007.  For the year ended December 31, 2008, we used cash of $53,000 to fund increases in current assets and generated cash of $1,282,000 through increases in current liabilities (excluding debt). For the year ended December 31, 2007, we generated cash of $913,000 through reductions in current assets and used cash of $220,000 from decreases in current liabilities (excluding debt).

Net cash used by investing activities was $122,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008.  Net cash used by investing activities was $522,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we used cash to fund capital expenditures of computer equipment and software, furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements of approximately $67,000. The level of equipment purchases resulted primarily from continued growth of the business and replacement of older equipment.  For the year ended December 31, 2008, we generated cash of $132,000 from the expiration of certain letters of credit securing our performance on software implementation contracts. For the year ended December 31, 2008 we used cash of $187,000 for our acquisition of Sol Logic, Inc. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we used cash to fund capital expenditures of computer equipment and software, furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements of approximately $86,000. The level of equipment purchases resulted primarily from continued growth of the business and replacement of older equipment. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we also used cash of $410,000 for our acquisition of Sol Logic, Inc. and used cash of $26,000 to fund increases in restricted cash securing our performance of certain software implementation contracts.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,404,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008. We generated cash of $810,000 from our issuance of preferred stock in a private placement net of transaction costs of $33,000.  We also generated cash of $542,000 from our issuance of common stock pursuant to warrant exercises.  We also generated cash of $110,000 for our issuance of convertible notes payable.  In 2008, we used cash of $25,000 for the payment of dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock In 2007, we used cash of $1,310,000 to repay notes payable and used cash of $51,000 for the payment of dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock and incurred financing related expenses of $54,000.  Net cash provided by financing activities was $3,560,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007. We generated cash of $2,621,000 from our issuance of common stock in a private placement and generated cash of $1,233,000 from our issuance of preferred stock in a private placement.  We also generated cash of $1,121,000 from our issuance of common stock pursuant to warrant exercises.  In 2007, we used cash of $1,310,000 to repay notes payable and used cash of $51,000 for the payment of dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock and incurred financing related expenses of $54,000.

33

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

We conduct operations in leased facilities under operating leases expiring at various dates through 2013.  We also have various short-term notes payable and capital lease obligations due at various times during 2009.
 
The report of the Company’s independent accountants included with this Annual Report contains an explanatory paragraph regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.  We are seeking additional financing that we believe is necessary to fund our working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months in conjunction with the successful implementation of our business plan. Our business plan includes, among other things, the monitoring and controlling of operating expenses, collection of significant trade and other accounts receivables, and controlling of capital expenditures.  If we are unable to secure additional financing or successfully implement our business plan, we will be required to seek funding from alternate sources and/or institute cost reduction measures.  We may seek to sell equity or debt securities, secure a bank line of credit, or consider strategic alliances.  The sale of equity or equity-related securities could result in additional dilution to our shareholders.  There can be no assurance that additional financing, in any form, will be available at all or, if available, will be on terms acceptable to us.  In addition, our ability to raise additional capital may be impacted by the markets on which our common stock is quoted and our ability to maintain compliance with SEC filing requirements.  In May of 2008 the AMEX removed ImageWare’s common stock from being listed on their exchange as we failed to comply with AMEX’s continued listing standards.  In December of 2008 our common stock was removed from being quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board as we failed to make the required filings with the SEC in the required timeframe.  As of the end of the third quarter of 2008 we were faced with limited funds for operations and were compelled to suspend SEC filings and the associated costs until such time as we had sufficient resources to cover ongoing operations and the expenses of maintaining compliance with SEC filing requirements.   There is no assurance that we will be able to attain compliance with SEC filing requirements in the future, and if we are able to attain compliance, there is no assurance we will be able to maintain compliance.  If we are not able to attain and maintain compliance for minimum required periods, we will not be eligible for re-listing on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin board or other exchanges.
 
Insufficient funds may require us to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our activities, and if we are unable to obtain additional funding there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

The index to our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm appears in Part IV of this Form 10-K.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

Not applicable

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting of the Company.
 
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.  Our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of December 31, 2008 (the “Evaluation Date”), have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective as of December 31, 2008. As of the end of the third quarter of 2008, we were faced with limited funds for operations and were compelled to suspend SEC filings. Management has determined that this late filing situation was due to shortages in capital resources and is not related to internal controls over financial reporting.
 
The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 in accordance with the standards set forth by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”).  In accordance with these standards, management assessed and tested, on a sample basis, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting according to a comprehensive risk analysis using the Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, (“COSO”).  It is management’s opinion that the testing methodology of the internal control framework is appropriate and provides reasonable assurance as to the integrity and reliability of our internal controls over financial reporting. Based on the results of its evaluation, the Company’s management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.  .This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.  Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to the temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report

34

Changes in internal controls.  There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2008, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information.

Not applicable.

35

PART III

Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

DIRECTORS

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors as of January 28, 2010:
 
Name
 
Age
 
Principal Occupation/Position
Held With the Company
Mr. S. James Miller, Jr.
 
56
 
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
Mr. John Callan
 
63
 
Director
Mr. David Carey
 
65
 
Director
Mr. Guy Steven Hamm
 
62
 
Director
Mr. John Holleran
 
83
 
Director
Mr. David Loesch
 
65
 
Director

On March 16, 2008, Mr. Patrick Downs, a member of our board of directors, passed away.  We have not yet filled the vacancy resulting from Mr. Downs’ untimely passing.

S. James Miller, Jr. has served as our Chief Executive Officer since 1990 and Chairman of the Board since 1996. He also served as our President from 1990 until 2003. From 1980 to 1990, Mr. Miller was an executive with Oak Industries, Inc., a manufacturer of components for the telecommunications industry. While at Oak Industries, Mr. Miller served as a director and as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Chairman/President of Oak Industries’ Pacific Rim subsidiaries. He has a J.D. from the University of San Diego School of Law and a B.A. from the University of California, San Diego.
 
John Callan was appointed to the Board in September 2000.  Since July 2008, Mr. Callan returned to Ursa Major Associates, the consulting firm he co-founded in 2001.  He now serves as Managing Director.  From February 2007 to July 2008, Mr. Callan served as Vice President, Strategy and Business Development at DHL Global Mail, Americas. From March 2006 to February 2007, Mr. Callan served DHL Global Mail as Vice President - Domestic Product Management. From 2001 to 2006, Mr. Callan served as Principal of Ursa Major Associates, LLC, the logistics strategy consulting firm he co-founded. From 1997 to 2002, he was an independent business strategy consultant in the imaging and logistics fields. From 1995 to 1997, Mr. Callan served as Chief Operating Officer for Milestone Systems, a shipping systems software company. From 1987 to 1995, he served as Director of Entertainment Imaging at Polaroid Corporation. Mr. Callan is a graduate of the University of North Carolina.

David Carey was appointed to the Board in February 2007. Mr. Carey is a former Executive Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Since April 2005, Mr. Carey has served as Executive Director for Blackbird Technologies, which provides state-of-the-art IT security expertise, where he assists the company with business development and strategic planning. Prior to joining Blackbird Technologies, Mr. Carey was Vice President, Information Assurance for Oracle Corporation from September 2001 to April 2005. In addition, Mr. Carey worked for the CIA for 32 years until 2001. During his career at the CIA, Mr. Carey held several senior positions including that of Executive Director, often referred to as the Chief Operating Officer, or No. 3 person in the agency, from 1997 to 2001. Before assuming that position, Mr. Carey was Director of the DCI Crime and Narcotics Center, the Director of the Office of Near Eastern and South Asian Analysis, and Deputy Director of the Office of Global Issues. Mr. Carey is a graduate of Cornell University and the University of Delaware.

Guy Steven Hamm was appointed to the Board in October 2004. Mr. Hamm served Aspen Holding, a privately held insurance provider, as CFO from December 2005 to February 2007. In 2002, Mr. Hamm retired from PricewaterhouseCoopers, where he was a national partner-in-charge of middle market. Mr. Hamm was instrumental in growing the Audit Business Advisory Services (ABAS) Middle Market practice at PricewaterhouseCoopers, where he was responsible for $300 million in revenue and more than 100 partners. Mr. Hamm is a graduate of San Diego State University.

36

John Holleran was appointed to the Board in May 1996. Since 1974, Mr. Holleran has been a management and investment consultant. Prior to consulting, Mr. Holleran served as the Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Southwest Gas Corporation. He served as Executive Vice President of the Hawaii Corporation, a diversified holding company, and as President and Chairman of Property Research Financial Corporation, a real estate investment and syndication firm, from 1972 to 1974. Mr. Holleran has also served as a director of Kilroy Industries, a national office building and office park developer, as a director of Walker & Lee, a national full service real estate firm, and as a director of NTN Communications, Inc., a company engaged in the interactive television business. Mr. Holleran is a graduate of Woodbury University.

David Loesch was appointed to the Board in September 2001 after 29 years of service as a Special Agent with the Federal Bureau of Investigations (“FBI”). At the time of his retirement from the FBI, Mr. Loesch was the Assistant Director in Charge of the Criminal Justice Information Services Division of the FBI. Mr. Loesch was awarded the Presidential Rank Award for Meritorious Executive in 1998 and has served on the board of directors of the Special Agents Mutual Benefit Association since 1996. He is also a member of the International Association of Chiefs of Police and the Society of Former Special Agents of the FBI, Inc. Mr. Loesch served in the United States Army as an Officer with the 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam. He holds a Bachelor’s degree from Canisius College and a Master’s degree in Criminal Justice from George Washington University. Mr. Loesch is currently a private consultant on public safety and criminal justice solutions.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions for our executive officers and certain significant employees not discussed above as of January 28, 2010:

Name
 
Age
 
Principal Position(s) Held With the Company
 
Mr. Wayne Wetherell
 
57
 
Sr. Vice President, Administration, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer
 
Mr. Charles AuBuchon
 
66
 
Vice President, Business Development
 
Mr. David Harding
 
40
 
Vice President and Chief Technical Officer
 

Wayne Wetherell has served as our Senior Vice President, Administration and Chief Financial Officer since May 2001 and additionally as our Secretary and Treasurer since October 2005. From 1996 to May 2001, he served as Vice

 
President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer. From 1991 to 1996, Mr. Wetherell was the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Bilstein Corporation of America, a manufacturer and distributor of automotive parts. Mr. Wetherell holds a B.S. degree in Management and an M.S. degree in Finance from San Diego State University.

SIGINIFICANT EMPLOYEES

Chuck AuBuchon has served as our Vice President, Business Development since January 2007. From 2004 to 2007 he served as Vice President, Sales. From 2003 to 2004, he served as Director of North American Sales. From 2000 to 2003, Mr. AuBuchon was Vice President Sales & Marketing at Card Technology Corporation, a manufacturer of Card Personalization Systems, where he was responsible for distribution within the Americas, Asia Pacific and EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) regions. From 1992 to 2000, Mr. AuBuchon held various sales management positions, including Vice President Sales and Marketing, for Gemplus and Datacard. Mr. AuBuchon is a graduate of Pennsylvania State University.

David Harding has served as our Vice President and Chief Technology Officer since January 2006. Before joining us, Mr. Harding was the Chief Technology Officer at IC Solutions, Inc., where he was responsible for all technology departments including the development and management of software development, IT and quality assurance as well as their respective hardware, software and human resource budgets from 2001 to 2003. He was the Chief Technology Officer at Thirsty.com from 1999 to 2000, the Chief Technology Officer at Fulcrum Point Technologies, Inc., from 1996 to 1999, and consultant to Access360, which is now part of IBM/Tivoli, from 1995 to 1996.

37

COMPLIANCE WITH FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS
    
 Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), requires our directors and executive officers, and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of common stock and other equity securities of the company. Executive officers, directors and greater than 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish us copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.
    
 To our knowledge, based solely upon review of the copies of such reports furnished to us during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, no director, officer or beneficial holder of more than 10% of any class of our equity securities failed to file on a timely basis reports required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during the most recent fiscal year.
 
CODE OF ETHICS    
 
The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics policy that applies to our directors and employees (including the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions).  The Company intends to promptly disclose (i) the nature of any amendment to this code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions and (ii) the nature of any waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of this code of ethics that is granted to one of these specified individuals, the name of such person who is granted the waiver and the date of the waiver on our website in the future.  A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics can be obtained from our website at http://www.iwsinc.com.
 
THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Company’s Audit Committee of the Board of Directors consists of Guy Steven Hamm, David Loesch and John Holleran. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a written charter.  The charter addresses the purpose, duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee.

The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of our independent registered public accountants. The Audit Committee also monitors the integrity of the company’s financial statements and the independence and performance of the independent registered public accountants and reviews our financial reporting processes. The Audit Committee reviews and reports to the Board of Directors the scope and results of audits by the company’s independent registered public accountants and reviews other professional services rendered by the company’s independent registered public accountants. It reviews transactions between the company and our directors and officers, the company’s policies regarding those transactions and compliance with our Ethics Code and conflict of interest policies.

The Board has determined that all members of the Audit Committee meet the SEC’s requirements with respect to independence of listed company audit committee members.  The Board has determined that at least one member of the Audit Committee, Guy Steven Hamm, meets the SEC’s definition of an “audit committee financial expert”.

The Audit Committee met four times during 2008.

Item 11.
Executive Compensation

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

The following table sets forth information regarding the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and two of our significant employees who were not serving as executive officers at December 31, 2008, collectively referred to as our named executive officers.

38

                 
Stock
   
Option
   
All Other
       
Name and Principal Position
   
Year
   
Salary
   
Awards
   
Awards(1)(2)
   
Compensation
   
Total
 
                                       
S. James Miller, Jr.
   Chairman of the Board
   and Chief Executive
   Officer
   
2008
   
$
308,988
   
$
64,718
(3)
 
$
109,026
(5)
 
$
12,448
(4)
 
$
495,180
 
     
2007
     
314,791
     
126,119
(3)
   
52,325
(5)
   
12,244
(6)
   
505,479
 
                                                 
Wayne G. Wetherell
   Senior Vice President
   Administration, Chief
   Financial Officer,
   Secretary, and
   Treasurer
   
2008
     
183,160
     
31,032
(7)
   
62,966
(5)
   
10,324
(8)
   
287,482
 
     
2007
     
186,631
     
67,136
(7)
   
35,588
(5)
   
10,019
(9)
   
299,374
 
                                                 
Charles AuBuchon
   Vice President Business
   Development
   
2008
     
152,600
     
     
89,603
(5)
   
     
242,203
 
     
2007
     
155,581
     
     
62,439
(5)
   
     
218,020
 
                                                 
David Harding
   Vice President and Chief
   Technical Officer
   
2008
     
185,029
     
     
62,482
(5)
   
     
248,511
 
     
2007
     
182,132
     
     
48,251
(5)
   
     
230,383
 

(1)
 
All option awards were granted under the 1999 Plan.
     
(2)
 
The amounts reflect the dollar amount recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R and thus may include amounts from awards granted prior to 2008. We have elected to use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, and interest rates. We are required to make various assumptions in the application of the Black-Scholes option pricing model and have determined that the best measure of expected volatility is based on the historical weekly volatility of our common stock. Historical volatility factors utilized in our Black-Scholes computations range from 64.4% to 98.5%. We have elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the SEC approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107. Under this formula, the expected term is equal to: ((weighted-average vesting term + original contractual term)/2). The expected term used by us as computed by this method ranges from 3.5 years to 6.1 years. The interest rate used is the risk free interest rate and is based upon U.S. Treasury rates appropriate for the expected term. Interest rates used in our Black-Scholes calculations range from 2.7% to 4.6%. Dividend yield is zero as we do not expect to declare any dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future. In addition to the key assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model, the estimated forfeiture rate at the time of valuation is a critical assumption. We have estimated an annualized forfeiture rate of 10% for corporate officers, 4% for members of the Board of Directors and 24% for all other employees. We review the expected forfeiture rate annually to determine if that percent is still reasonable based on historical experience.
     
(3)
 
Represents the quarterly vesting of 124,162 restricted shares granted on March 30, 2004, and the vesting of 109,700 restricted shares granted on September 27, 2005 for Mr. Miller. The restricted shares granted in September 2005 vest one-third after one year with the remainder vesting ratably on a quarterly basis over two years ending September 27, 2008.
     
(4)
 
Consists of $9,200 in 401(K) matching contributions, $1,248 in life insurance premiums and $2,000 in club membership.
 
39

(5)
 
The amounts reflect the dollar amount recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R and thus may include amounts from awards granted prior to 2007. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, included in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2008.
     
(6)
 
Consists of $9,000 in 401(K) matching contributions, $1,244 in life insurance premiums and $2,000 in club membership.
     
(7)
 
Represents the quarterly vesting of 80,281 restricted shares granted on March 30, 2004 and the vesting of 52,600 restricted shares granted on September 27, 2005. The restricted shares granted in September 2005 vest one-third after one year with the remainder vesting ratably on a quarterly basis over two years ending September 27, 2008.
     
(8)
 
Consists of $7,466 in 401(K) matching contributions, $858 in life insurance premiums and $2,000 in club membership.
     
(9)
 
Consists of $7,221 in 401(K) matching contributions, $798 in life insurance premiums and $2,000 in club membership.


2008 GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to each grant of an award made to a named executive officer in 2008 under our plans.

       
All Other
             
       
Stock
             
       
Awards:
   
Exercise or
   
Grant Date
 
       
Number of
   
Base
   
Fair Value
 
       
Securities
   
Price of
   
of Stock
 
   
Grant
 
Underlying
   
Option
   
and Option
 
Name
 
Date
 
Options(1)
   
Awards ($/Sh)(2)
   
Awards(3)
 
                       
S. James Miller, Jr.
 
1/2/2008
   
100,000
   
$
1.45
   
$
94,000
 
                             
Wayne Wetherell
 
1/2/2008
   
60,000
   
$
1.45
     
56,400
 
                             
Charles AuBuchon
 
1/2/2008
   
50,000
   
$
1.45
     
47,000
 
                             
David Harding
 
1/2/2008
   
50,000
   
$
1.45
     
47,000
 

(1) The shares subject to each option vest over a three year period, with 33 1/3% of the shares subject to each option vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date and then 8.33% vesting on  each subsequent quarterly anniversary of the grant date. The options expire ten years from the date of grant.
(2) The exercise price is the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
(3) The fair value of our stock options is computed using the Black-Scholes valuation model.

40

 OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END

The following table sets forth information regarding unexercised options, stock that has not vested and equity incentive awards held by each of the named executive officers outstanding as of December 31, 2008.
 
   
Option Awards
 
   
Number of
   
Number of
             
   
Securities
   
Securities
             
   
Underlying
   
Underlying
             
   
Unexercised
   
Unexercised
             
   
Unearned
   
Unearned
   
Option
       
   
Options:
   
Options:
   
Exercise
   
Option
 
     #      #    
Price
   
Expiration
 
Name
 
Exercisable
   
Unexercisable
   
($)
   
Date
 
S. James Miller, Jr.
   
75,000
     
   
$
3.00
   
9/12/2011
 
     
25,000
     
   
$
1.97
   
5/28/2013
 
     
100,000
     
   
$
2.40
   
10/28/2014
 
     
100,000
     
   
$
2.62
   
8/16/2015
 
     
109,700
     
   
$
2.36
   
9/27/2015
 
     
9,000
(1)
   
9,000
   
$
2.49
   
4/3/2017
 
     
(4)
   
100,000
   
$
1.45
   
1/2/2018
 
                               
Wayne G. Wetherell
   
25,000
     
   
$
3.00
   
9/12/2011
 
     
10,000
     
   
$
1.97
   
5/28/2013
 
     
50,000
     
   
$
2.40
   
10/28/2014
 
     
60,000
     
   
$
2.62
   
8/16/2015
 
     
52,600
     
   
$
2.36
   
9/27/2015
 
     
7,500
(1)
   
7,500
   
$
2.49
   
4/3/2017
 
     
(4)
   
60,000
   
$
1.45
   
1/2/2018
 
                               
Charles AuBuchon
   
10,000
     
   
$
3.00
   
9/12/2011
 
     
40,000
     
   
$
2.30
   
10/15/2014
 
     
30,000
     
   
$
3.19
   
4/1/2015
 
     
60,000
     
   
$
2.62
   
8/16/2015
 
     
55,000
(2)
   
5,000
   
$
1.99
   
1/13/2016
 
     
5,002
(1)
   
4,998
   
$
2.49
   
4/3/2017
 
     
(4)
   
50,000
   
$
1.45
   
1/2/2018
 
                               
David Harding
   
91,675
(3)
   
8,325
   
$
1.65
   
1/31/2016
 
     
12,550
(1)
   
12,450
   
$
2.49
   
4/3/2017
 
     
(4)
   
50,000
   
$
1.45
   
1/2/2018
 

(1)
 
These options vest over three years with one third vesting 4/2/2008 and the remainder vesting in equal quarterly installments thereafter.
(2)
 
These options vest over three years with one third vesting 1/13/2007 and the remainder vesting in equal quarterly installments thereafter.
(3)
 
These options vest over three years with one third vesting 1/31/2007 and the remainder vesting in equal quarterly installments thereafter.
(4)
 
These options vest over three years with one third vesting 1/02/2009 and the remainder vesting in equal quarterly installments thereafter.

41

OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED

The following table sets forth information regarding exercises of stock options and vesting of stock for each of the named executive officers during 2008.

   
Stock Awards
 
   
Number of
       
   
Shares
   
Value
 
   
Acquired on
   
Realized
 
Name
 
Vesting
   
on Vesting
 
             
S. James Miller, Jr.(1)
    27,423     $ 21,299  
                 
Wayne G. Wetherell(2)
    13,149       10,212  

(1)
 
Represents the quarterly vesting of 109,700 restricted shares granted on September 27, 2005. The restricted shares granted in September 2005 vest one-third after one year with the remainder vesting ratably on a quarterly basis over two years ending September 27, 2008.
     
(2)
 
Represents the quarterly vesting of 52,600 restricted shares granted on September 27, 2005. The restricted shares granted in September 2005 vest one-third after one year with the remainder vesting ratably on a quarterly basis over two years ending September 27, 2008.
 
EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
 
Employment Agreement with S. James Miller, Jr. On October 1, 2005, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Miller pursuant to which Mr. Miller serves as President and Chief Executive Officer. This agreement was  for a three-year term ending September 30, 2008.  On September 27, 2008 this agreement was amended to change the expiration from September 30, 2008 to June 30, 2009.   On April 6, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2009.   On December 10, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2011. This agreement provides for annual base compensation in the amount of $291,048, which amount will be increased based on cost-of-living increases. Under this agreement, we will reimburse Mr. Miller for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with our business. Under the terms of the agreement, Mr. Miller will be entitled to the following severance benefits if we terminate his employment without cause or in the event of an involuntary termination: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to twenty-four months’ base salary; (ii) continuation of Mr. Miller’s fringe benefits and medical insurance for a period of three years; and (iii) immediate vesting of 50% of Mr. Miller’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards. In the event that Mr. Miller’s employment is terminated within six months prior to or thirteen months following a change of control (defined below), Mr. Miller is entitled to the severance benefits described above, except that 100% of Mr. Miller’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards will immediately vest.
 
Employment Agreement with Wayne Wetherell. On October 1, 2005, we entered into an amended employment agreement with Mr. Wetherell pursuant to which Mr. Wetherell will serve as our Chief Financial Officer. This agreement is for a three-year term ending September 30, 2008. On September 27, 2008 this agreement was amended to change the expiration from September 30, 2008 to June 30, 2009.   On April 6, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2009.   On December 10, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2010.   This agreement provides for annual base compensation in the amount of $174,100, which amount will be increased based on cost-of-living increases and may also be increased based on performance reviews. Under this agreement, we will reimburse Mr. Wetherell for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with our business. Under the terms of the agreement, Mr. Wetherell will be entitled to the following severance benefits if we terminate his employment without cause or in the event of an involuntary termination: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to twelve months; (ii) continuation of Mr. Wetherell’s fringe benefits and medical insurance for a period of three years; (iii) immediate vesting of 50% of Mr. Wetherell’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards. In the event that Mr. Wetherell’s employment is terminated within six months prior to or thirteen months following a change of control (defined below),
 
42

Mr. Wetherell is entitled to the severance benefits described above, except that 100% of Mr. Wetherell’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards will immediately vest.

Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement with Charles AuBuchon. On October 31, 2005, we entered into a Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement with Mr. Charles AuBuchon, our Vice President of Sales. This agreement has a three-year term, commencing on October 31, 2005. On September 27, 2008 this agreement was amended to change the expiration from October 31, 2008 to June 30, 2009.   On April 6, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2009.   On December 10, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2010. Subject to the conditions and other limitations set forth therein, Mr. AuBuchon will be entitled to the following severance benefits if we terminate his employment without cause prior to the closing of any change of control transaction: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to six months of base salary; and (ii) continuation of Mr. AuBuchon’s health insurance benefits until the earlier of six (6) months following the date of termination, the date on which he is no longer entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to COBRA or the date that he obtains comparable health insurance coverage. In the event that Mr. AuBuchon’s employment is terminated within the twelve months following a change of control, he is entitled to the severance benefits described above, plus his stock options will immediately vest and become exercisable. Mr. AuBuchon’s eligibility to receive severance payments or other benefits upon his termination is conditioned upon him executing a general release of liability.

Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement with David Harding. On May 21, 2007, we entered into a Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement with Mr. David Harding, our Vice President and Chief Technical Officer. This agreement has a two-year term, commencing on May 21, 2007. On September 27, 2008 this agreement was amended to change the expiration from May 21, 2009 to June 30, 2009.  On April 6, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2009.   On December 10, 2009 this agreement was amended to change the expiration to December 31, 2010.  Subject to the conditions and other limitations set forth therein, Mr. Harding will be entitled to the following severance benefits if we terminate his employment without cause prior to the closing of any change of control transaction: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to six months of base salary; and (ii) continuation of Mr. Harding’s health insurance benefits until the earlier of six (6) months following the date of termination, the date on which he is no longer entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to COBRA or the date that he obtains comparable health insurance coverage. In the event that Mr. Harding’s employment is terminated within the twelve months following a change of control, he is entitled to the severance benefits described above, plus his stock options will immediately vest and become exercisable. Mr. Harding’s eligibility to receive severance payments or other benefits upon his termination is conditioned upon him executing a general release of liability.
 
For purposes of each of the above-referenced agreements, termination for “cause” generally means the executive’s commission of an act of fraud or similar conduct which is intended to result in substantial personal enrichment of the executive, conviction or plea of  nolo contendere  to a felony, gross negligence or breach of fiduciary duty that results in material injury to us, material breach of the executive’s proprietary information agreement that is materially injurious to us, willful and material failure to perform his duties as an officer or employee of ours or material breach of his employment agreement and the failure to cure such breach in a specified period of time or a violation of a material policy of ours that is materially injurious to us. A “change in control” as used in these agreements generally means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the acquisition by any person or group of 50% or more of our outstanding voting stock, (ii) the consummation of a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or similar transaction other than a transaction: (1) in which substantially all of the holders of our voting stock hold or receive directly or indirectly 50% or more of the voting stock of the resulting entity or a parent company thereof, in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to the transaction; or (2) in which the holders of our capital stock immediately before such transaction will, immediately after such transaction, hold as a group on a fully diluted basis the ability to elect at least a majority of the directors of the surviving corporation (or a parent company); (iii)  there is consummated a sale, lease, exclusive license, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of us and our Subsidiaries, other than a sale, lease, license, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of us and our Subsidiaries to an entity, 50% or more of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are owned by our stockholders in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to such sale, lease, license, or other disposition; or (iv)  individuals who, on the date the applicable agreement was adopted by the Board, are Directors (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Directors; provided, however, that if the appointment or election (or nomination for election) of any new Director was approved or recommended by a majority vote of the members of the Incumbent Board then still in office, such new member shall, for purposes of the applicable agreement, be considered as a member of the Incumbent Board.
 
43

POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE IN CONTROL

The following tables summarize the potential payments to certain of our named executive officers upon a termination of employment or a change in control. The amounts shown in the tables are only estimates and apply the assumption that employment terminated on December 31, 2008. The calculations of payments related to equity reflect the closing price of our common stock on December 31, 2008. The amounts set forth below do not include accrued obligations such as salary and other amounts payable with respect to days previously worked, accrued vacation time and other accrued amounts that were fully earned and vested as of December 31, 2008, and would be payable in connection with the executive’s employment.

 
S. James Miller, Jr. The following table describes the potential payments upon termination or a change in control for Mr. Miller, our Chief Executive Officer.

           
Involuntary
       
Executive Benefits and Payments
   
Voluntary
   
Not for Cause
   
Change in
 
Upon Termination(1)
   
Termination
   
Termination
   
Control
 
                     
Cash
   
$
   
$
662,856
(2)
 
$
662,856
(2)
Equity
   
$
   
$
(3)(4)
 
$
(3)(4)
Fringe Benefits
   
$
   
$
72,634
(5)
 
$
72,634
(5)

(1)
 
For purposes of this analysis, we assumed Mr. Miller’s compensation is based on his current base salary of $331,428.
     
(2)
 
Mr. Miller’s cash severance benefit under an involuntary, good reason termination or a termination due to a change in control is equal to two times annual compensation.
     
(3)
 
Mr. Miller’s equity severance benefit under an involuntary or good reason termination is the immediate vesting of 50% of Mr. Miller’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards. In the event that Mr. Miller’s employment is terminated within six months prior to or thirteen months following a change in control, Mr. Miller is entitled to the immediate vesting of 100% of Mr. Miller’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards.
     
(4)
 
This amount was calculated from the unexercisable stock options and unvested stock awards held by Mr. Miller on December 31, 2008. The stock option award amount was calculated by multiplying the number of securities underlying the unexercisable options by the difference between the option price and the price per share of common stock on the date of termination. The unvested stock award amount was calculated by multiplying the number of unvested shares of stock by the price per share on the date of termination.
     
(5)
 
Mr. Miller’s fringe benefits consist of medical and life insurance for a period of three years.

44

Wayne G. Wetherell. The following table describes the potential payments upon termination or a change in control for Mr. Wetherell, our Sr. Vice President Administration, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer.

           
Involuntary
       
Executive Benefits and Payments
   
Voluntary
   
Not for Cause
   
Change in
 
Upon Termination(1)
   
Termination
   
Termination
   
Control
 
                     
Cash
   
$
   
$
198,291
(2)
 
$
198,291
(2)
Equity
   
$
   
$
(3)(4)
 
$
(3)(4)
Fringe Benefits
   
$
   
$
73,120
(5)
 
$
73,120
(5)

(1)
 
For purposes of this analysis, we assumed Mr. Wetherell’s compensation is based on his current base salary of $198,291.
     
(2)
 
Mr. Wetherell’s cash severance benefit under an involuntary, good reason termination or a termination due to a change in control is equal to the amount of his annual compensation.
     
(3)
 
Mr. Wetherell’s equity severance benefit under an involuntary or good reason termination is the immediate vesting of 50% of Mr. Wetherell’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards. In the event that Mr. Wetherell’s employment is terminated within six months prior to or thirteen months following a change in control, Mr. Wetherell is entitled to the immediate vesting of 100% of Mr. Wetherell’s outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards.
     
(4)
 
This amount was calculated from the unexercisable stock options and unvested stock awards held by Mr. Wetherell on December 31, 2008. The stock option award amount was calculated by multiplying the number of securities underlying the unexercisable options by the difference between the option price and the price per share of common stock on the date of termination.  The unvested stock award amount was calculated by multiplying the number of unvested shares of stock by the price per share on the date of termination.
     
(5)
 
Mr. Wetherell’s fringe benefits consist of medical and life insurance for a period of three years.

 
Charles AuBuchon. The following table describes the potential payments upon termination or a change in control for Mr. AuBuchon, our Vice President Business Development.

           
Involuntary
       
Executive Benefits and Payments
   
Voluntary
   
Not for Cause
   
Change in
 
Upon Termination(1)
   
Termination
   
Termination
   
Control
 
                     
Cash
   
$
   
$
82,500
(2)
 
$
77,500
(2)
Equity
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
Fringe Benefits
   
$
   
$
19,264
(3)
 
$
19,264
(3)

(1)
 
For purposes of this analysis, we assumed Mr. AuBuchon’s compensation is based on his current base salary of $165,000.
     
(2)
 
Mr. AuBuchon’s cash severance benefit under an involuntary, good reason termination or a termination due to a change in control is equal to six months of annual compensation.
     
(3)
 
Mr. AuBuchon’s fringe benefits consist of medical and life insurance for a period of six months.

45

David Harding. The following table describes the potential payments upon termination or a change in control for Mr. Harding, our Vice President and Chief Technical Officer.
 
           
Involuntary
       
Executive Benefits and Payments
   
Voluntary
   
Not for Cause
   
Change in
 
Upon Termination(1)
   
Termination
   
Termination
   
Control
 
                     
Cash
   
$
   
$
95,500
(2)
 
$
92,500
(2)
Equity
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
Fringe Benefits
   
$
   
$
7,030
(3)
 
$
7,030
(3)

(1)
 
For purposes of this analysis, we assumed Mr. Harding’s compensation is based on his current base salary of $191,000.
     
(2)
 
Mr. Harding’s cash severance benefit under an involuntary, good reason termination or a termination due to a change in control is equal to six months of annual compensation.
     
(3)
 
Mr. Harding’s fringe benefits consist of medical and life insurance for a period of six months.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Each of our non-employee directors receives a monthly retainer of $3,000 for serving on the Board. Board members who also serve on the Audit Committee receive additional monthly compensation of $458.33 for the Chairman and $208.33 for the remaining members of the Audit Committee.   Board members who also serve on the Compensation Committee receive additional monthly compensation of $416.67 for the Chairman and $208.33 for the remaining members of the Compensation  Committee.  The members of the Board of Directors are also eligible for reimbursement for their expenses incurred in attending Board meetings in accordance with our policies. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, the Board held the payment of fees for the period from April 1, 2008 till December 31, 2008 in light of the limited cash resources of the company.  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 the total amounts paid to non-employee directors as compensation (excluding reimbursable expenses) was $36,625.  During that same period a total of $115,375 was accrued as board fees but not paid.

Each of our non-employee directors is also eligible to receive stock option grants under the 1999 Plan. Options granted under the 1999 Plan are intended by us not to qualify as incentive stock options under the Code.

The term of options granted under the 1999 Plan is 10 years. In the event of a merger of us with or into another corporation or a consolidation, acquisition of assets or other change-in-control transaction involving us, an equivalent option will be substituted by the successor corporation, provided, however, that we may cancel outstanding options upon consummation of the transaction by giving at least thirty (30) days notice.
 
During the last fiscal year, we granted 25,000 options under the 1999 Plan to our non-employee directors. The fair market value of the common stock underlying such options on the date of grant is based on the closing sales price reported on AMEX for the date of each such grant, as detailed in the following table:

Name (1) 
 
Option
Awards
(number of
shares)
   
Exercise Price
Per Share
 
Fair Market Value
on Option Grant
Date (2)
 
                 
John Callan
   
5,000
   
$
1.45
 
$
1.45
 
                     
John Holleran
   
5,000
     
1.45
   
1.45
 
                     
David Loesch
   
5,000
     
1.45
   
1.45
 
                     
Guy Steve Hamm
   
5,000
     
1.45
   
1.45
 
                     
David Carey
   
5,000
     
1.45
   
1.45
 

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(1)
 
As of December 31, 2008, no options had been exercised by non-employee directors under any plans maintained by us.
     
(2)
 
The fair market value of the common stock underlying such options on the date of grant is based on the closing sales price reported for the date of each such grant.
     
 
 
The following table sets forth the compensation of our directors for the 2008 fiscal year.

Name and Principal Position
 
Fees
Earned or
Paid in
Cash
   
Option
Awards(1)(2)(3)
   
Total
 
                   
John Callan
 
$
28,250
   
$
11,749
   
$
39,999
 
                         
John Holleran
   
29,450
     
11,749
     
41,199
 
                         
David Loesch
   
28,875
     
12,882
     
41,757
 
                         
Guy Steven Hamm
   
31,125
     
6,609
     
37,734
 
                         
David Carey
   
27,625
     
13,044
     
40,669
 

(1)
 
The grant date per share fair value of options issued to Messrs. Callan, Downs, Holleran, Loesch, Hamm and Carey in 2008 was $.94.
     
(2)
 
The amounts reflect the dollar amount recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R and thus may include amounts from awards granted prior to 2008. We have elected to use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, and interest rates. We are required to make various assumptions in the application of the Black-Scholes option pricing model and have determined that the best measure of expected volatility is based on the historical weekly volatility of our common stock. Historical volatility factors utilized in our Black-Scholes computations range from 64.4% to 98.5%. We have elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the SEC approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107. Under this formula, the expected term is equal to: ((weighted-average vesting term + original contractual term)/2). The expected term used by us as computed by this method ranges from 3.5 years to 6.1 years. The interest rate used is the risk free interest rate and is based upon U.S. Treasury rates appropriate for the expected term. Interest rates used in our Black-Scholes calculations range from 2.7% to 4.6%. Dividend yield is zero as we do not expect to declare any dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future. In addition to the key assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model, the estimated forfeiture rate at the time of valuation is a critical assumption. We have estimated an annualized forfeiture rate of 10% for corporate officers, 4% for members of the Board of Directors and 24% for all other employees. We review the expected forfeiture rate annually to determine if that percent is still reasonable based on historical experience.
     
(3)
 
The aggregate number of stock option awards outstanding at the end of fiscal 2008 for each director was as follows: John Callan (42,535); John Holleran (40,261); David Loesch (47,000); Guy Steven Hamm (27,000); and David Carey (20,000).
 
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Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
 
The following table sets forth information as of January 28, 2010 with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by (i) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of our common stock, (ii) each director, (iii) each named executive officer and (iv) all directors and executive officers as a group.

             
Beneficial Ownership(1)
           
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner
 
Number of
Shares
   
Percent of
Class (2)
 
Directors and Named Executive Officers:
           
S. James Miller, Jr.(3)
   
913,150
     
4.1
 
John Callan(4)
   
77,193
     
*
 
David Carey(5)
   
33,672
     
*
 
G. Steve Hamm(6)
   
65,072
     
*
 
John Holleran(7)
   
26,491
     
*
 
David Loesch(8)
   
93,072
     
*
 
Wayne Wetherell(9)
   
346,200
     
1.6
 
Charles AuBuchon(10)
   
440,078
     
2.8
 
David Harding (11)
   
 121,672
     
**
 
Total Shares Held By Directors and Executive Officers
   
2,116,600
     
9.3
 
5% Stockholders:
               
Gruber & McBaine Capital Management LLC 50
Osgood Place San Francisco, CA(12)
   
10,941,260
     
36.5
 
Bruce Toll (13)
   
8,539,851
     
27.9
 
Goldman Capital (14)
   
3,400,121
     
14.2
 

*
Less than one percent.
 
(1)
This table is based our records and Schedules 13D and 13G filed with the SEC. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table and subject to community property laws where applicable, we believe that each of the stockholders named in this table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares indicated as beneficially owned. Unless otherwise indicated, the address for each listed stockholder is c/o ImageWare Systems, Inc., 10883 Thornmint Road, San Diego, CA 92127.
 
(2)
The percentages set forth below are based on 22,104,483 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 28, 2010.
 
(3)
Mr. Miller serves as the Chairman of our Board of Directors and our Chief Executive Officer. Includes 75,201 shares held jointly with spouse and 33,400 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.  Also includes  122,727 warrants and a convertible notes convertible into 89,679 shares of common stock.
 
48

(4)
Includes 1,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.
 
(5)
Includes 1,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.
 
(6)
Includes 1,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.  Also includes 27,271 warrants and a convertible notes convertible into 19,929 shares of common stock.
 
(7)
Includes 1,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.
 
(8)
Includes 1,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.   Also includes 27,271 warrants and a convertible notes convertible into 19,929 shares of common stock.
 
(9)
Includes 20,000 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.
 
(10)
Includes 41,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.  Also includes 122,727 warrants and a convertible notes convertible into 89,679 shares of common stock.
 
(11)
Includes 16,672 options exercisable within 60 days of January 28, 2010.
 
(12)
Based on certain of our records and Schedule 13G filed with the SEC as of February 12, 2010.   Includes 1,096,081 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants.  Also included are 6,760,619 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series C and Series D Convertible Preferred Stock.
 
(13)
Based on Schedule 13D filed with the SEC on October 5, 2009. Includes 6,710,000 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants.  Also included are 845,556 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series C and Series D Convertible Preferred Stock.
 
(14)
Includes 1,000,000 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants.  Also included are 900,121 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock.
 
The following table sets forth additional information as of December 31, 2008, with respect to the shares of common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options and other rights under our existing equity compensation plans and arrangements. The information includes the number of shares covered by and the weighted average exercise price of, outstanding options and other rights and the number of shares remaining available for future grants, excluding the shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and other rights.

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

Plan category
 
Number of securities
 to be issued
upon exercise of
 outstanding
options, warrants
 and rights
   
Weighted-
average exercise
 price of
outstanding
 options, warrants
 and rights
   
Number of securities
 remaining available 
for future issuance
under equity
 compensation plans
(excluding securities 
reflected in
column (a))
 
   
(a)
   
(b)
   
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders:
                 
1994 Employee Stock Option
Plan
   
24,250
   
$
2.15
     
 
1999 Stock Award Plan amended
and restated as of June 7, 2005
   
1,378,495
   
$
2.19
     
1,035,208
 
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders:
                       
2001 Equity Incentive Plan
   
345,654
   
$
2.89
     
 
Total
   
1,748,399
   
$
2.33
     
1,035,208
 


DESCRIPTION OF EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS NOT APPROVED BY SECURITY HOLDERS.

2001 Equity Incentive Plan.
 
On September 12, 2001, our Board of Directors adopted the 2001 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”). Under the terms of the 2001 Plan, we may issue stock awards to our employees, directors and consultants, and such stock awards may be given as non-statutory stock options (options not intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code), stock bonuses, and rights to acquire restricted stock. The number of options issued and outstanding and the number of options remaining available for future issuance are shown in the table above.

The 2001 Plan is administered by the Board of Directors or a Committee of the Board as provided in the 2001 Plan. The exercise price of options  granted under the 2001 Plan shall not be less than 85% of the market value of our common stock on the date of the grant, and, in some cases, may not be less than 110% of such fair market value. The term of options granted under the 2001 Plan as well as their vesting is determined by the Board and to date, options have been granted with a ten-year term and vesting over a three-year period. While the Board may suspend or terminate the 2001 Plan at any time, if not terminated earlier, it will terminate on the day before its tenth anniversary of the date of adoption. The Board has determined not to issue any future awards under the 2001 Plan.
 
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS

On November 14, 2006, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain accredited investors (the “Series C Investors”) pursuant to which we issued an aggregate of 2,300 shares of our Series C 8% Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) and issued to the Series C Investors warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 115,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,300,000 (the “Series C Financing”).

On March 9, 2007, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain accredited investors (the “Series D Investors”) pursuant to which we issued an aggregate of 1,500 shares of our Series D 8% Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series D Preferred Stock”) and issued to the Series D Investors warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 59,207 shares of our common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,500,000 (the “Series D Financing”).

50

On September 25, 2007, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”) pursuant to which we sold to the Investors an aggregate of 2,016,666 shares of our common stock, and issued to the Investors warrants (the “September 2007 Investor Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,008,333 shares of our common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3,000,000 (the “September 2007 Private Placement”).

On March 12, 2008, we agreed to reduce the price of the September 2007 Investor Warrants, which initially had an exercise price of $1.67 per share, to an exercise price of $1.00 per share, in consideration for their immediate exercise (the “Warrant Repricing”) by the Investors who participated in the Warrant Repricing (the “Participating Investors”).  In addition, we also issued to the Participating Investors new warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 270,833 shares of our common stock.  We received aggregate gross proceeds of $541,666 from the Warrant Repricing.

Gruber & McBaine Capital Management, LLC and its affiliates, which include Lagunitas Partners, LP and Gruber & McBaine International, beneficially own more than 10% of our issued and outstanding common stock. J. Patterson McBaine, together with Jon D. Gruber, exercises voting and investment control over the shares held by Gruber & McBaine Capital Management, LLC, Lagunitas Partners, LP, and Gruber & McBaine International.

Gruber & McBaine International purchased 400 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock in the Series C Financing; 135 shares of Series D Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 5,328 shares of common stock in the Series D Financing; and 60,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock in the September 2007 Private Placement.

Lagunitas Partners LP purchased 1,200 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock in the Series C Financing; 440 shares of Series D Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 17,368 shares of common stock in the Series D Financing; and 240,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock in the September 2007 Private Placement.

J. Patterson McBaine purchased 400 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock in the Series C Financing; 100 shares of Series D Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 3,947 shares of common stock in the Series D Financing; and 50,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 25,000 shares of common stock in the September 2007 Private Placement.

In addition to the employment agreements with Messrs. Miller and Wetherell and the Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreements with Messrs. AuBuchon and Harding, we have entered into indemnity agreements with certain officers and directors that provide, among other things, that we will indemnify such officer or director, under the circumstances and to the extent provided for therein, for expenses, damages, judgments, fines and settlements he or she may be required to pay in actions or proceedings which he or she is or may be made a party by reason of his or her position as a director, officer or other agent of ours, and otherwise to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law and our Bylaws.

REVIEW, APPROVAL OR RATIFICATION OF TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS

As provided in the charter of our Audit Committee, it is our policy that we will not enter into any transactions required to be disclosed under Item 404 of the SEC’s Regulation S-K unless the Audit Committee or another independent body of our Board of Directors first reviews and approves the transactions.

In addition, pursuant to our Code of Ethical Conduct and Business Practices, all employees, officers and directors of ours and our subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in any relationship or financial interest that is an actual or potential conflict of interest with us without approval. Employees, officers and directors are required to provide written disclosure to the Chief Executive Officer as soon as they have any knowledge of a transaction or proposed transaction with an outside individual, business or other organization that would create a conflict of interest or the appearance of one.

 
DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Our Board of Directors has the responsibility for establishing corporate policies and for our overall performance, although it is not involved in day-to-day operations. As required under the listing standards of AMEX, a majority of the members of a listed company’s board of directors must qualify as “independent,” as affirmatively determined by the Board. Consistent with these considerations, after review of all relevant transactions or relationships between each director, or any of his family members, and ImageWare, our senior management and our independent auditors, our Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that all of our directors are independent directors within the meaning of the applicable AMEX listing standards, except for Mr. Miller, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer.

51

Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The following table represents aggregate fees billed to the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 by Stonefield Josephson, Inc., the Company’s principal accountant for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

   
Fiscal Year Ended
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Audit Fees
 
$
195,642
   
$
150,892
 
                 
Audit-Related Fees
   
11,422
     
28,682
 
                 
Tax Fees
   
     
 
                 
All Other Fees
   
26,224
     
22,821
 
Total Fees
 
$
233,288
   
$
202,395
 
 
 
All fees described above were approved by the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures.

The Audit Committee has adopted a policy and procedures for the pre-approval of audit and non-audit services rendered by our independent auditor, Stonefield Josephson, Inc. The policy generally pre-approves specified services in the defined categories of audit services, audit-related services, and tax services up to specified amounts. Pre-approval may also be given as part of the Audit Committee’s approval of the scope of the engagement of the independent auditor or on an individual explicit case-by-case basis before the independent auditor is engaged to provide each service. The pre-approval of services may be delegated to one or more of the Audit Committee’s members, but the decision must be reported to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.

52

PART IV

Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)  1. Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements.

53

 (b)  Exhibits

The following Exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Report on Form 10-K:

Item 16.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)  Exhibits
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
2.1
 
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated March 1, 2005, between the Registrant and Argus Solutions Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 9, 2005).
2.2
 
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated October 27, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Annex A to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed November 15, 2005).
3.1
 
Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Annex B to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed November 15, 2005).
3.2
 
Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Annex C to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed November 15, 2005).
3.3
 
Certificate of Designations of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series C 8% Convertible Preferred Stock dated November 2, 2006, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 20, 2006).
3.4
 
Certificate of Designations of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series D 8% Convertible Preferred Stock dated March 8, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 15, 2007).
4.1
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock in favor of Imperial Bank, dated January 15, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (No. 333-93131), filed December 20, 1999, as amended).
4.2
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 22, 2002, by and between the Registrant and Perseus 2000 L.L.C. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 24, 2002).
4.3
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated June 13, 2003, issued by the Registrant to L.F. Global Holdings, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 20, 2003).
4.4
 
Form of Warrant dated November 24, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
4.5
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated November 24, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
4.6
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated March 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, filed May 15, 2003).
4.7
 
Form of Warrant dated January 29, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
4.8
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated January 29, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.8 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
4.9
 
Form of Warrant dated July 22, 2005 and dated July 28, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 26, 2005).
4.10
 
Form of Warrant dated March 17, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 22, 2006).
4.11
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 14, 2006 by and among the Registrant and certain investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 20, 2006).
4.12
 
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock dated November 14, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 20, 2006).
4.13
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 9, 2007, by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 15, 2007).
4.14
 
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock dated March 9, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 15, 2007).
4.15
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 25, 2007, by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 26, 2007).
4.16
 
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock dated September 25, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 26, 2007).
 
54

 
4.17
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 19, 2007, by and among the Registrant, Sol Logic, and Wink Jones, as the representative of Sol Logic (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 21, 2007).
4.18
 
Amendment No. 1 to Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 28, 2008, by and among the Registrant, Sol Logic, and Wink Jones, as the representative of Sol Logic, and Wink Jones, as the representative of Sol Logic (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 1, 2008).
4.19
 
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock dated September 5, 2008.
4.20
 
Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock dated November 14, 2008.
4.21
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 12, 2009, between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
4.22
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated February 12, 2009, issued by the Registrant to BET Funding, LLC.
4.23
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated June 9, 2009, issued by the Registrant to BET Funding, LLC.
4.24
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated June 22 2009, issued by the Registrant to BET Funding, LLC.
4.25
 
Warrant to Purchase Common Stock, dated October 5 2009, issued by the Registrant to BET Funding, LLC.
10.1
 
Employment Agreement, dated September 27, 2005, between the Registrant and S. James Miller (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 30, 2005).
10.2
 
Employment Agreement, dated September 27, 2005, between the Registrant and Wayne G. Wetherell (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 30, 2005).
10.3
 
Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated October 31, 2005, between Registrant and Charles Aubuchon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 3, 2005).
10.4
 
Offer of Employment Letter Agreement, dated December 19, 2007, between the Registrant and Frank Mitchell (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 21, 2007).
10.5
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into by the Registrant with its directors and executive officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (No. 333-93131), filed December 20, 1999, as amended).
10.6
 
1994 Employee Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (No. 333-93131), filed December 20, 1999, as amended).
10.7
 
1994 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (No. 333-93131), filed December 20, 1999, as amended).
10.8
 
Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Plan Award (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed November 21, 2007).
10.9
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 14, 2005).
10.10
 
2001 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, filed November 14, 2001).
10.11
 
Form of Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed November 27, 2001).
10.12
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed November 27, 2001).
10.13
 
Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated May 22, 2002, by and between the Registrant and Perseus (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 24, 2002).
10.14
 
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated November 14, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
10.15
 
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated January 29, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 9, 2004).
10.16
 
Offer of Restricted Stock in Exchange for Certain Stock Options Previously Granted — Offer Made to James Miller (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, filed August 16, 2004).
10.17
 
Offer of Restricted Stock in Exchange for Certain Stock Options Previously Granted — Offer Made to Wayne Wetherell, dated March 30, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, filed August 16, 2004).
10.18
 
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated July 22, 2005 and July 28, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 26, 2005).
10.19
 
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated November 14, 2006 by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 20, 2006).
10.20
 
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 9, 2007, by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 15, 2007).
10.21
 
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated September 25, 2007, by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 26, 2007).
10.22
 
Asset Purchase Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, among Sol Logic, Frank Mitchell, as shareholder of Sol Logic, and Wink Jones, as the representative of Sol Logic (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 21, 2007).
 
55

 
10.23
 
Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase and Plan of Reorganization, by and between the Registrant and Wink Jones, as the representative of Sol Logic (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 1, 2008).
10.24
 
Product Line Purchase Agreement, dated November 30, 2006, by and between the Registrant and PhotoLynx, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 26, 2006).
10.25
 
Standard Commercial Lease, dated September 26, 2003, by and between Thornmint I and the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB, filed November 14, 2003).
10.26
 
Amendment to Office Lease, dated June 12, 2006, by and between Thornmint I and the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 14, 2006).
10.27
 
Office Lease, dated September 7, 2006, by and between Union Bank of California as Trustee for Quest Group Trust VII and the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed November 20, 2006).
10.38
 
Office Space Lease between I.W. Systems Canada Registrant and Dundeal Canada (GP) Inc. dated June 1, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed April 17, 2007).
10.39
 
Office Space Lease between I.W. Systems Canada Registrant and GE Canada Real Estate Equity dated July 25, 2008).
10.40
 
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 29, 2008 by and among the Registrant and certain accredited investors.
10.41
 
Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated September 27, 2008, between Registrant and Charles Aubuchon.
10.42
 
Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated September 27, 2008, between Registrant and David Harding.
10.43
 
First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated September 27, 2008, between the Registrant and S. James Miller.
10.44
 
First Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated September 27, 2008, between the Registrant and Wayne Wetherell.
10.45
 
Form of Convertible Note dated November 14, 2008.
10.46
 
Secured Note Agreement, dated February 12, 2009, by and between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
10.47
 
Security Agreement, dated February 12, 2009, by and between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC
10.48
 
Second Amendment to Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated April 6, 2009, between Registrant and Charles Aubuchon.
10.49
 
Second Amendment to Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated April 6, 2009, between Registrant and David Harding.
10.50
 
Second Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated April 6, 2009, between the Registrant and S. James Miller.
10.51
 
Second Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated April 6, 2009, between the Registrant and Wayne Wetherell.
10.52
 
Waiver and Amendment Agreement to Secured Note Agreement, dated June 9, 2009 between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC
10.53
 
Second Amendment to Secured Note Agreement, dated June 22, 2009 between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
10.54
 
Office Space Lease between the Registrant and Allen W. Wooddell, dated July 25, 2008.
10.55
 
Third Amendment to Secured Note Agreement, dated October 5, 2009 between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
10.56
 
Fourth Amendment to Secured Note Agreement, dated November 11, 2009 between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
10.57
 
Assignment of Receivable dated November 11, 2009 between the Registrant and BET Funding, LLC.
10.58
 
Third Amendment to Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated December 10, 2009, between Registrant and Charles Aubuchon.
10.59
 
Third Amendment to Change of Control and Severance Benefits Agreement, dated December 10, 2009, between Registrant and David Harding.
10.60
 
Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated December 10, 2009, between the Registrant and S. James Miller.
10.61
 
Third Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated December 10, 2009, between the Registrant and Wayne Wetherell.
21.1
 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
31.1
 
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)
31.2
 
Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)
32.1
 
Certification by the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

56

SIGNATURES

In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
     
     
February 23, 2010
By:
/s/ S. JAMES MILLER, JR.
   
S. James Miller, Jr.
   
Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board of Directors

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ S. JAMES MILLER, JR.
 
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
 
February 24, 2010
S. James Miller, Jr.
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
   
         
/s/ WAYNE G. WETHERELL
 
Senior Vice President of Administration and Chief Financial Officer
 
February 24, 2010
Wayne G. Wetherell
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
   
         
/s/ JOHN CALLAN
 
Director
 
February 24, 2010
John Callan
       
         
/s/ JOHN L. HOLLERAN
 
Director
 
February 24, 2010
John L. Holleran
       
         
/s/ DAVID LOESCH
 
Director
 
February 24, 2010
David Loesch
       
         
/s/ STEVE HAMM
 
Director
 
February 24, 2010
Steve Hamm
       
         
/s/ DAVID CAREY
 
Director
 
February 24, 2010
David Carey
       

57

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
59
   
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
 
   
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
60
   
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
61
   
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
62
   
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
64
   
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
65
   
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
67

58

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders
ImageWare Systems, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ImageWare Systems, Inc. as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008.  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of ImageWare Systems, Inc. as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern.  As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has incurred substantial losses since inception, experienced negative cash flows from operations, and has negative working capital as of December 31, 2008.  These matters, among others, raise  substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  Management’s plans concerning these matters are described in Note 1.  These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classifications of recorded assets, or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary in the event the Company cannot continue in existence.
 
/s/ Stonefield Josephson, Inc.
Irvine, California
February 23, 2010
 
59

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share amounts)

   
December 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
 
ASSETS
           
             
Current Assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 171     $ 1,044  
    Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $28 and $0                
        at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively
    503       425  
Inventories, net
    19       130  
Other current assets
    191       441  
Total Current Assets
    884       2,040  
                 
Property and equipment, net
    108       288  
Other assets
    37       24  
Pension assets
    682       694  
Intangible assets, net
    110       2,437  
Goodwill
    3,416       4,452  
Total Assets
  $ 5,237     $ 9,935  
                 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY
               
                 
Current Liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 2,388     $ 1,415  
Deferred revenue
    872       1,011  
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts
    279        
Accrued expenses
    1,530       1,341  
Acquisition related obligation
          1,502  
Total Current Liabilities
    5,069       5,269  
                 
Notes payable to related parties
    98        
Pension obligation
    1,102       1,139  
        Total Liabilities
    6,269       6,408  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
           
                 
Shareholders’ equity
               
Preferred stock, authorized 4,000,000 shares:
               
                 
        Series B convertible preferred stock, designated 750,000 shares,                
           389,400 shares issued, and 239,400 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008                
           and 2007, liquidation preference $632 at December 31, 2008 and $607 at December 31, 2007
    2       2  
                 
        Series C convertible preferred stock, designated 3,500 shares,                
           2,500 shares issued, and 2,200 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008                
           and 2007, liquidation preference of $2,604 at December 31, 2008 and $2,434 at December 31, 2007
           
                 
        Series D convertible preferred stock, designated 3,000 shares,                
           2,310 and 1,500 shares issued at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and                
           2,198 and 1,388 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively,                
           liquidation preference $2,428 and $1,486 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively
           
                 
        Common stock, $.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 18,163,487 and                
           17,797,826 shares issued at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively,                
           18,156,783 and 17,791,122 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008                
           and 2007, respectively
    180       177  
                 
Additional paid in capital
    86,007       79,294  
Treasury stock, at cost - 6,704 shares
    (64 )     (64 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    44       7  
Accumulated deficit
    (87,201 )     (75,889 )
Total shareholders’ (deficit) equity
    (1,032     3,527  
                 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ (Deficit)Equity
  $ 5,237     $ 9,935  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
60

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Thousands, except share and per share amounts)

   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
 
             
 
 
2008
   
2007
 
             
Revenues:
           
Product
  $ 3,707     $ 5,652  
Maintenance
    2,808       2,836  
      6,515       8,488  
Cost of revenues:
               
Product
    1,062       1,380  
Maintenance
    1,146       1,166  
                 
Gross profit
    4,307       5,942  
                 
Operating expenses:
               
General and administrative
    3,553       3,865  
Sales and marketing
    2,111       2,647  
Research and development
    2,956       3,669  
Impairment of intangible assets
    742        
Depreciation and amortization
    772       258  
      10,134       10,439  
                 
Loss from operations
    (5,827 )     (4,497 )
                 
Interest (income) expense, net
    19       215  
                 
Other (income) expense, net
    (110     23  
                 
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes
    (5,736 )     (4,735 )
                 
Income tax benefit (expense)
           
                 
Loss from continuing operations
    (5,736 )     (4,735 )
                 
Discontinued operations:
               
Gain from operations of discontinued Digital Photography Component
  $ 18     $ 50  
Income tax benefit (expense)
           
Gain (loss) on discontinued operations
    18       50  
                 
Net loss
    (5,718 )     (4,685 )
Preferred dividends
    (5,928 )     (1,171 )
Net loss available to common shareholders
  $ (11,646 )   $ (5,856 )
                 
Basic and diluted loss per common share - see Note 2
               
Continuing operations
  $ (0.32 )   $ (0.31 )
Discontinued operations
           
Preferred dividends
    (0.33 )     (0.08
Basic and diluted loss per common available to common shareholders
  $ (0.65 )   $ (0.39 )
                 
Weighted-average shares outstanding (basic and diluted)
    18,056,026       15,070,308  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
61

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands)

   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
             
Cash flows from operating activities
           
Net loss
    (5,718 )   $ (4,685 )
    Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:                
    Depreciation and amortization
    772       258  
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs
    6       229  
Stock based compensation
    596       556  
Accretion of beneficial conversion feature of convertible debt….
    6        
Prepaid royalty impairment
    100        
Allowance for doubtful accounts
          25  
Impairment of certain long-lived intangible assets
    742        
Impairment of investment in equity securities
          85  
Increase (decreases) in inventory obsolescence reserve
    75       (36
Change in assets and liabilities
               
Accounts receivable
    (106     1,222  
Inventories
    37       (37
Other assets
    4       (187
Pension assets
    12       (85 )
Accounts payable
    972       (303
Accrued expenses
    180       207  
Deferred revenue
    (111 )     (248
Contract costs
    279        
Pension obligation
    (38     123  
                 
Total adjustments
    3,526       1,809  
                 
Net cash used by operating activities
    (2,192 )     (2,876 )
                 
Cash flows from investing activities
               
Purchase of property and equipment
    (67 )     (86 )
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
    132       (26
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired of $0
    (187 )     (410
                 
Net cash used by investing activities
    (122 )     (522 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities
               
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs of $33 and $267, respectively
    777       1,233  
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $0 and $404, respectively
          2,621  
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable with warrants
    110        
Other financing issuance costs
          (54 )
Repayment of notes payable
          (1,310 )
Dividends paid
    (25 )     (51 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock purchase warrants
    542       1,121  
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,404       3,560  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    37       (57 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (873     105  
 
62

 
   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    1,044       939  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 171     $ 1,044  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
               
Cash paid for interest
  $     $ 46  
Cash paid for income taxes
  $     $  
Summary of non-cash investing and financing activities:
               
Beneficial conversion feature of preferred stock
  $ 5,568     $ 814  
Resolution of purchase accounting contingency
  $ 1060     $  
Changes in minimum pension liability
  $ (48 )   $ (37 )
Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 28     $  
Warrants issued with notes payable
  $ 13     $  
Equipment received in lieu of cash on accounts receivable
  $     $ 50  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

63

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In Thousands)

   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
   
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
             
Net loss
  $ (5,718 )   $ (4,685 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities arising during period
          39  
Additional minimum pension liability
    48       37  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (11 )     (94 )
Comprehensive loss
  $ (5,681 )   $ (4,703 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
64

ImageWare Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)
for the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2008
(In thousands, except share amounts)
 
 
Series B
Convertible,
 
Series C
 
Series D
               
Addit-
ional
 
Accum-
ulated
Other
     
   
Redeemable
 
Convertible,
 
Convertible,
                 
Paid-
 
Compre-
 
Accum-
   
   
Preferred
 
Preferred
 
Preferred
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
In
 
hensive
 
ulated
   
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Capital
 
Loss
 
Deficit
 
Total
 
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2006
 
239,400
 
2
 
2,500
 
-
 
-
 
-
 
13,700,849
 
136
 
(6,704
)
(64
)
71,553
 
25
 
(70,333
)
1,320
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock pursuant to warrant exercises
                         
795,956
 
8
         
1,113
         
1,121
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock as compensation
                         
63,240
 
1
         
203
         
204
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock for cash, net
                         
2,016,666
 
20
         
2,601
         
2,621
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock for asset purchase
                         
935,089
 
9
         
1,468
         
1,477
 
                                                           
Issuance of preferred stock for cash, net of financing commissions
                 
1,500
 
-
                 
1,233
         
1,233
 
                                                           
finanincing related expenses
                                         
(54
)
       
(54
)
                                                           
Beneficial conversion feature of series D preferred stock
                                         
814
     
(814
)
-
 
                                                           
Stock-based compensation option expense
                                         
359
         
359
 
                                                           
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                             
(94
)
   
(94
)
                                                           
Unrealized holding losses on securities
                                             
39
     
39
 
                                                           
Additional minumum pension liability
                                             
37
     
37
 
                                                           
Conversion of preferred stock to common
         
(300
)
-
         
206,778
 
2
         
(2
)
       
-
 
                                                           
Conversion of preferred stock to common
                 
(112
)
-
 
74,666
 
1
         
(1
)
       
-
 
                                                           
Dividends on Series B Preferred stock
                                                 
(51
)
(51
)
                                                           
Conversion of Accrued Dividends on Series D Preferred stock to common
                         
4,582
 
-
         
7
     
(7
)
-
 
                                                           
Net loss
                                                 
(4,685
)
(4,685
)
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2007
 
239,400
 
2
 
2,200
 
-
 
1,388
 
-
 
17,797,826
 
177
 
(6,704
)
(64
)
79,294
 
7
 
(75,889
)
3,527
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
65

ImageWare Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)
for the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2008
(In thousands, except share amounts)
(continued)
 
   
Series B
Convertible,
 
Series C
 
Series D
                 
Addit
-ional
 
Accum-ulated
Other
         
   
Redeemable
 
Convertible,
 
Convertible,
                 
Paid-
 
Compre-
 
Accum-
     
   
Preferred
 
Preferred
 
Preferred
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
In
 
hensive
 
ulated
     
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Capital
 
Loss
 
Deficit
 
Total
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock pursuant to warrant exercises
                         
541,666
 
5
         
536
         
541
 
                                                           
Issuance of preferred stock for cash, net of financing commissions
                 
810
 
-
                 
777
         
777
 
                                                           
Issuance of common stock as compensation
                         
81,144
 
1
         
191
         
192
 
                                                           
Issuance of restricted stock grants to consultants in lieu of cash
                                         
54
         
54
 
                                                           
Warrants issued in conjunction with debt to related parties
                                         
13
         
13
 
                                                           
Beneficial conversion feature of debt
                                         
12
         
12
 
                                                           
Stock-based compensation option expense
                                         
341
         
341
 
                                                           
Beneficial conversion feature of series C and D preferred stock
                                         
5,568
     
(5,568
)
-
 
                                                           
Recission of shares previously issued to Sol Logic
                         
(257,149
)
(3
)
       
(648
)
       
(651
)
                                                           
Registration costs for shares issued in connection with Sol Logic acquisition
                                         
(131
)
       
(131
)
                                                           
Dividends on Series B Preferred stock
                                                 
(26
)
(26
)
                                                           
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                             
(11
)
   
(11
)
                                                           
Additional minimum pension liability
                                             
48
     
48
 
                                                           
Net loss
                                                 
(5,718
)
(5,718
)
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2008
 
239,400
 
2
 
2,200
 
-
 
2,198
 
-
 
18,163,487
 
180
 
(6,704
)
(64
)
86,007
 
44
 
(87,201
)
(1,032
)
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
66

IMAGEWARE SYSTEMS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007

 
1.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND OPERATIONS

Overview

ImageWare Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) is a leader in the emerging market for software-based identity management solutions, providing biometric, secure credential, law enforcement and enterprise authorization.  Our “flagship” product is the IWS Biometric Engine.  Scalable for small city business or worldwide deployment, our biometric engine is a multi-biometric platform that is hardware and algorithm independent, enabling the enrollment and management of unlimited population sizes.  Our identification products are used to manage and issue secure credentials, including national IDs, passports, driver licenses, smart cards and access control credentials. Our law enforcement products provide law enforcement with integrated mug shot, fingerprint LiveScan and investigative capabilities. We also provide comprehensive authentication security software.  Biometric technology is now an integral part of all markets we address, and all of our products are integrated into the Biometric Engine Platform.  Elements of the IWS Biometric Engine can be used as investigative tools for law enforcement utilizing multiple biometrics and forensic data elements, and to enhance security and authenticity of public and private sector credentials.

Our biometric technology is a core software component of an organization’s security infrastructure and includes a multi-biometric identity management solution for enrolling, managing, identifying and verifying the identities of people by the physical characteristics of the human body. We develop, sell and support various identity management capabilities within government (federal, state and local), law enforcement, commercial enterprises, and transportation and aviation markets for identification and verification purposes. Our IWS Biometric Engine is a biometric identity management platform for multi-biometric enrollment, management and authentication, managing population databases of virtually unlimited sizes. It is also offered as a Software Development Kit (SDK) based search engine, enabling developers and system integrators to implement a biometric solution or integrate biometric capabilities into existing applications without having to derive biometric functionality from pre-existing applications.  The IWS Biometric Engine combined with our secure credential platform, IWS EPI Builder, provides a comprehensive, integrated biometric and secure credential solution that can be leveraged for high-end applications such as passports, driver licenses, national IDs, and other secure documents. It can also be utilized within our law enforcement systems to incorporate any number of various multiple biometrics into one system.
 
Our law enforcement solutions enable agencies to quickly capture, archive, search, retrieve, and share digital images, fingerprints and criminal history records on a stand-alone, networked, wireless or Web-based platform. We develop, sell and support a suite of modular software products used by law enforcement and public safety agencies to create and manage criminal history records and to investigate crime. Our IWS Law Enforcement solution consists of six software modules: a Capture and Investigative module, which provides a criminal booking system and related database; a Facial Recognition module, which uses biometric facial recognition to identify suspects; a Suspect ID module, which facilitates the creation of full-color, photo-realistic suspect composites; a wireless module, which provides access to centrally stored records over the Internet in a connected or wireless fashion; a PDA add-on module, which enables access to centrally stored records while in the field on a handheld Pocket PC compatible device combined with central repository services which allows for inter-agency data sharing on a local, regional, and/or national level; and a LiveScan module, which incorporates LiveScan capabilities into IWS Law Enforcement providing integrated fingerprint and palm print biometric management for civil and law enforcement use.

Our Secure Credential ID solutions empower customers to create secure and smart digital identification documents with complete ID systems. We develop, sell and support software and design systems which utilize digital imaging in the production of photo identification cards and credentials and identification systems. Our products in this market consist of IWS EPI Suite, IWS EPI Builder (SDK) and Identifier for Windows.  These products allow for the production of digital identification cards and related databases and records and can be used by, among others, schools, airports, hospitals, corporations or governments.  We have added the ability to incorporate multiple biometrics into the ID systems with the integration of IWS Biometric Engine to our Secure Credential ID product line.

67

Our enterprise authentication software includes the IWS Desktop Security product which is a comprehensive authentication management infrastructure solution providing added layers of security to workstations, networks and systems through advanced encryption and authentication technologies. IWS Desktop Security is optimized to enhance network security and usability, and uses multi-factor authentication methods to protect access, verify identity and help secure the computing environment without sacrificing ease-of-use features such as quick login. Additionally, IWS Desktop Security provides an easy integration with various smart card-based credentials including the Common Access Card (CAC), Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12) Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credential, and Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) with an organization’s access control process. IWS Desktop Security provides the crucial end-point component of a Logical Access Control System (LACS), and when combined with a Physical Access Control System (PACS), organizations benefit from a complete door to desktop access control and security model.

Going Concern

As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has continuing losses, negative working capital and negative cash flows from operations. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

In May 2008, the AMEX removed the Company’s common stock from being listed on their exchange as we failed to comply with AMEX’s continued listing standards.  In December of 2008 our common stock was removed from being quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board as we failed to make the required filings with the SEC in the required timeframe.  As of the end of the third quarter of 2008, we were faced with limited funds for operations and were compelled to suspend SEC filings and the associated costs until such time as the Company had sufficient resources to cover ongoing operations and the expenses of maintaining compliance with SEC filing requirements.   There is no assurance that we will be able to attain compliance with SEC filing requirements in the future, and if we are able to attain compliance, there is no assurance we will be able to maintain compliance.  If we are not able to attain and maintain compliance for minimum required periods, we will not be eligible for re-listing on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board or other exchanges.

The delisting could adversely affect the public price of the Company’s common stock and limit the Company’s stockholders’ ability to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations as to the prices of, the Company’s common stock. Moreover, the Company’s ability to obtain financing on favorable terms, or at all, may be adversely affected by the delisting because certain institutional investors that have policies against investments in companies that are not traded on a national securities exchange and other investors may refrain from purchasing the Company’s common stock because of the delisting.  The Company’s ability to obtain financing may also be more limited in numerous states because the Company will no longer benefit from state exemptions from registration which are dependent upon the listing of the Company’s common stock on AMEX.

Despite securing financing arrangements in 2008 and 2009, additional new financing will be required to fund working capital and operations should the Company be unable to generate positive cash flow from operations in the near future. The Company is exploring the possible sale of equity securities and/or debt financing. However, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available.

Insufficient funds will require the Company to sell certain of the Company’s assets or license the Company’s technologies to others and if the Company is unable to obtain additional funding there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

In view of the matters described in the preceding paragraph, recoverability of a major portion of the recorded asset amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet is dependent upon continued operations of the Company, which, in turn, is dependent upon the Company’s ability to continue to raise capital and generate positive cash flows from operations. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classifications of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue its existence.
 
The Company operates in markets that are emerging and highly competitive. There is no assurance that the Company will operate at a profit or positive cash flows in the future.

2.           SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

68

Operating Cycle

Assets and liabilities related to long-term contracts are included in current assets and current liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet, although they will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion which may take more than one operating cycle.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, calculation of our tax provision, inventory obsolescence reserve, the determination of other than temporary impairment on our marketable securities, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, accounting for loss contingencies, recoverability of goodwill and acquired intangible assets and amortization periods, assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model to calculate the fair value of share based payments, assumptions used in the application of fair value methodologies to calculate the fair value of acquired assets and revenue and cost of revenues recognized under the percentage of completion method. Actual results could differ from estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit, certificates of deposit, money market accounts, and investment grade commercial paper that are readily convertible into cash with original maturities of three months or less or that are redeemable upon demand.

Accounts Receivable
 
In the normal course of business, the Company extends credit without collateral requirements to its customers that satisfy pre-defined credit criteria. Accounts receivable are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company records its allowance for doubtful accounts based upon its assessment of various factors. The Company considers historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, the credit quality of its customers, current economic conditions and other factors that may affect customers’ ability to pay to determine the level of allowance required.  Accounts receivable are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when all collection efforts by the Company have been unsuccessful.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenues and notes payable to related parties, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”). FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of FAS 157 were adopted January 1, 2008. In February 2008, the FASB staff issued Staff Position No. 157-2 “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP FAS 157-2”). FSP FAS 157-2 delayed the effective date of FAS 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The provisions of FSP FAS 157-2 are effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2009.
 
FAS 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FAS 157 are described below:
 
 
Level 1
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
 
 
Level 2
Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
 
 
Level 3
Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).
 
69

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy. As required by FAS 157, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
 
   
Fair Value at December 31, 2008
($ in thousands)
 
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
                         
Assets:
                       
  Pension assets
 
$
682
   
$
682
   
$
   
$
 
  Totals
 
$
682
   
$
682
   
$
   
$
 
Liabilities:
                               
  None
 
$
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
 
The Company’s Pension assets are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using market prices. The Pension assets are valued based on market prices in active markets and are primarily comprised of the cash surrender value of insurance contracts. All plan assets are managed in a policyholder pool in Germany by outside investment managers.  The investment objectives for the plan are the preservation of capital, current income and long-term growth of capital.
 
 The Company had no financial assets or liabilities which were being measured at Level 2 or 3.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, with the objective of improving financial reporting by mitigating volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. The provisions of FAS 159 were adopted January 1, 2008. The Company did not elect the Fair Value Option for any of its financial assets or liabilities, and therefore, the adoption of FAS 159 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements

Property and equipment, consisting of furniture and equipment, are stated at cost and are being depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to five years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Major renewals or improvements are capitalized. When assets are sold or abandoned, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is recognized. Expenditures for leasehold improvements are capitalized. Depreciation of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined using the First-In, First-Out method or market.
 
Goodwill
 
The Company accounts for its intangible assets under the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, intangible assets with a definite life are accounted for impairment under SFAS No. 144 and intangible assets with an indefinite life are accounted for impairment under SFAS No. 142. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, goodwill, or the excess of cost over fair value of net assets acquired, is no longer amortized but is tested for impairment using a fair value approach at the “reporting unit” level. A reporting unit is the operating segment, or a business one level below that operating segment (referred to as a component) if discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by management at the component level. The Company’s reporting unit is at the entity level. The Company recognizes an impairment charge for any amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value. The Company uses fair value methodologies to establish fair values.
 
The Company did not record any goodwill impairment charges for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 
70

Intangible and Long-lived assets

In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets SFAS No. 144 requires that long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, including those of discontinued operations, be measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell, whether reported in continuing operations or in discontinued operations. SFAS No. 144 broadens the reporting of discontinued operations to include all components of an entity with operations that can be distinguished from the rest of the entity and that will be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity in a disposal transaction. SFAS No. 144 also establishes a “primary-asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. At December 31, 2008, the Company recorded impairment losses on certain long-lived assets of approximately $742,000 related to certain acquired intangible assets for developed technologies, customer base and non-compete agreements.  The impairment reflects the amount by which the carrying value of these assets exceeded their estimated fair values.  The impairment loss is recorded as a component of “Operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for 2008. At December 31, 2007 there was no impairment of the Company’s intangible or long-lived assets.

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. The Company places its cash with high quality financial institutions and at times during the years ended Dec 31, 2007 and 2008 exceeded the FDIC insurance limits of $250,000 for 2008 and $100,000 for 2007. Sales are typically made on credit and the Company generally does not require collateral. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $28,000 and $0 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 one customer accounted for approximately 17% of total revenues. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 one customer accounted for approximately 18% of total revenues.
 
As of December 31, 2008, there was one customer who accounted for approximately 37% of total accounts receivable.  The account was in good standing.  As of December 31, 2007, there was one customer who accounted for approximately 27% of total accounts receivable.

Stock-based compensation

At December 31, 2008, the Company had three stock-based compensation plans for employees and nonemployee directors which authorize the granting of various equity-based incentives including stock options and restricted stock.
 
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method.  SFAS 123(R) requires companies to measure and recognized the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of those awards. For share option instruments issued subsequent to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), compensation cost is recognized ratably using the straight-line attribution method over the expected vesting period. For equity options issued prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), compensation cost is recognized using a graded vesting attribution method. In addition, pursuant to SFAS 123(R), the Company is required to estimate the amount of expected forfeitures when calculating compensation costs, instead of accounting for forfeitures as incurred, which was our previous method. Prior periods are not restated under this transition method. Options previously awarded and classified as equity instruments continue to maintain their equity classification under SFAS 123(R).  Stock-based compensation expense related to equity options was approximately $341,000 and $359,000 for the twelve month ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

SFAS No. 123(R) requires cash flows resulting from excess tax benefits to be classified as a financing activity. Excess tax benefits are realized from tax deductions for exercised options in excess of the deferred tax asset attributable to stock compensation costs for such options. The Company did not record any excess tax benefits as a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) in the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 because the Company is currently providing a full valuation on future tax benefits realized in the United States until it can sustain a level of profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize the assets.

71

SFAS No. 123(R) requires the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, the Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, and interest rates. The Company is required to make various assumptions in the application of the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company has determined that the best measure of expected volatility is based on the historical weekly volatility of the Company’s common stock. Historical volatility factors utilized in the Company’s Black-Scholes computations range from 64.4% to 96.2%. The Company has elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the SEC approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107. Under this formula, the expected term is equal to: ((weighted-average vesting term + original contractual term)/2). The expected term used by the Company as computed by this method range from 3.5 years to 6.1 years. The interest rate used is the risk free interest rate and is based upon U. S. Treasury rates appropriate for the expected term. Interest rates used in the Company’s Black-Scholes calculations range from 2.7% to 4.6%. Dividend yield is zero as we do not expect to declare any dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future.

In addition to the key assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model, the estimated forfeiture rate at the time of valuation is a critical assumption.  The Company has estimated an annualized forfeiture rate of approximately 10% for corporate officers, 4% for members of the Board of Directors and 25% for all other employees.  The Company reviews the expected forfeiture rate annually to determine if that percent is still reasonable based on historical experience.
 
A summary of the activity under the Company’s stock option plans for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007are as follows:
 
   
Options
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
 
Balance at December 31, 2006
    1,603,164     $ 2.45       7.84  
                         
Granted
    165,250     $ 2.38       9.32  
Forfeited
    (103,206 )   $ 2.58       5.69  
Exercised
                 
                         
Balance at December 31, 2007
    1,665,208     $ 2.44       7.74  
Granted
    821,221     $ 0.89       9.42  
Forfeited
    (437,115 )   $ 2.19       6.9  
Exercised
        $        
                         
Balance at December 31, 2008
    2,049,314     $ 1.87       7.2  
 
Options exercisable at December 31, 2008 totaled 1,239,422 at a weighted-average price of $2.42, with a remaining weighted average contractual term of approximately 6.0 years.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 was $0.54.
 
The following table sets forth a summary of the status and changes of the Company’s unvested shares related to its stock option plans as of and during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
 
   
Options
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per Share
 
Balance at December 31, 2006
    761,782     $ 1.63  
Granted
    165,250     $ 1.48  
Vested
    (418,529 )   $ 1.64  
Forfeited
    (56,048 )   $ 1.61  
                 
Balance at December 31, 2007
    452,455     $ 1.63  
Granted
    821,221     $ 0.54  
Vested
    (431,848 )   $ 1.62  
Forfeited
    (31,966 )   $ 1.15  
                 
Balance at December 31, 2008
    809,892     $ 0.64  
 
At December 31, 2008, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options amounted to approximately $383,707, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 9.3 years.  At December 31, 2007, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options amounted to approximately $308,897, amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 1.41 years.
 
On March 30, 2004, the Company entered into a stock exchange agreement with certain employees whereby the employees would receive 255,792 shares of restricted stock in exchange for 426,321 options previously granted under various stock option plans. Under the terms of the agreement, the employees will receive three shares of restricted stock for each five options exchanged. The restricted stock will vest over three years on a quarterly basis and will fully vest upon either a change in control or the sale of the Company.

On September 27, 2005, the Company issued to certain employees 162,300 shares of restricted stock. The restricted stock will vest over three years on a quarterly basis and will fully vest upon either a change in control or the sale of the Company.

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In conjunction with these restricted stock agreements, the Company has recognized stock-based compensation expense of $96,000 and $197,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Income taxes

Current income tax expense or benefit is the amount of income taxes expected to be payable or refundable for the current year. A deferred income tax asset or liability is computed for the expected future impact of differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax credits and loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Foreign currency translation

The financial position and results of operations of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are measured using the foreign subsidiary’s local currency as the functional currency. Revenues and expenses of such subsidiaries have been translated into U.S. dollars at average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Assets and liabilities have been translated at the rates of exchange on the balance sheet date. The resulting translation gain and loss adjustments are recorded directly as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, unless there is a sale or complete liquidation of the underlying foreign investments. The Company translates foreign currencies of its German and Canadian subsidiaries. The cumulative translation adjustment account, which is part of accumulated other comprehensive income, decreased approximately $11,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and decreased approximately $94,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of net gains and losses affecting shareholders’ equity that, under generally accepted accounting principles, are excluded from net income (loss). For the Company, the only items are the cumulative translation adjustment, unrealized holding losses on marketable securities classified as available-for-sale and the additional minimum liability related to the Company’s defined benefit pension plan, recognized pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87 (“SFAS 87”), Employers’ Accounting for Pensions and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans (an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132R)”.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from the following major revenue sources:

 
·
Long-term fixed-price contracts involving significant customization
 
·
Fixed-price contracts involving minimal customization
 
·
Software licensing
 
·
Sales of computer hardware and identification media
 
·
Postcontract customer support (PCS)
 
The Company follows the provisions of Statements of Position 97-2 “Software Revenue Recognition” and 98-9 “Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition With Respect to Certain Transactions”, Statement of Position 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts", Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin 104 , Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-21 “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 03-05 “Applicability of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables in an Arrangement Containing More-Than-Incidental Software”. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonable assured.

The Company recognizes revenue and profit as work progresses on long-term, fixed-price contracts involving significant amount of hardware and software customization using the percentage of completion method based on costs incurred to date compared to total estimated costs at completion. The primary components of costs incurred are third party software and direct labor cost including fringe benefits.  Revenue from contracts for which we cannot reliably estimate total costs or there are not significant amounts of customization are recognized upon completion. The Company also generates non-recurring revenue from the licensing of its software. Software license revenue is recognized upon the execution of a license agreement, upon deliverance, when fees are fixed and determinable, when collectability is probable and when all other significant obligations have been fulfilled. The Company also generates revenue from the sale of computer hardware and identification media. Revenue for these items is recognized upon delivery of these products to the customer. Our revenue from periodic maintenance agreements is generally recognized ratably over the respective maintenance periods provided no significant obligations remain and collectability of the related receivable is probable. Sales tax collected from customers is excluded from revenue.

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Advertising costs

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expense totaled approximately $0 and $29,000 and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Loss per share

Basic loss per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per common share is calculated by dividing net loss available to common shareholders for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, increased to include, if dilutive, the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued at the date of issuance. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options is included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share, if dilutive, using the treasury stock method. During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company has excluded the following securities from the calculation of diluted loss per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net loss:
 
Potential Dilutive Securities:
 
Number of
Common Shares
Convertible into
at
December 31,
2008
   
Number of
Common Shares
Convertible into
at
December 31,
2007
 
Convertible notes payable
    199,998        
Convertible preferred stock – Series B
    45,384       45,384  
Convertible preferred stock – Series C
    5,150,290       1,466,666  
Convertible preferred stock – Series D
    4,799,395       925,333  
Stock options
    2,049,314       1,665,208  
Restricted stock grants
    120,000        
Warrants
    10,471,167       5,955,830  
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Numerator – loss from continuing operations:
           
Net loss from continuing operations
  $ (5,736 )   $ (4,735 )
Less preferred stock dividends
    (5,928 )     (1,171 )
Net loss from continuing operations available to common shareholders
  $ (11,664 )   $ (5,906 )
                 
Numerator – gain (loss) from discontinued operations:
               
Net loss from discontinued operations
    18       50  
                 
Denominator
               
Weighted-average shares outstanding
    18,056,026       15,070,308  
                 
Basic and Diluted loss per share:
               
Continuing operations
  $ (0.32 )   $ (0.31 )
Discontinued operations
  $     $  
Preferred dividends
  $ (0.33 )   $ (0.08 )
Net loss per share
  $ (0.65 )   $ (0.39 )

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Segment information

Prior to its acquisitions during 2001 of G & A, Castleworks and E-Focus, the Company operated in one business segment. With its acquisition of G & A, Castleworks and E-Focus, the Company determined it was comprised of three reportable segments based on the management approach as prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 (As Amended), “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”, (“SFAS 131”).  These segments were determined to be: Law Enforcement, Identification and Digital Photography.  With the sale of its entire Digital Photography product line in November 2006, the Company reassessed the composition of its operating segments and determined that it no longer operates in separate, distinct market segments but rather operates in one market segment, that segment being identity management.  The Company’s determination was based on fundamental changes in the Company’s business structure due to the consolidation of operations, restructuring of the Company’s operations and management team, and the integration of what where previously distinct, mutually exclusive technologies.  This has resulted in changes in the manner by which the Company’s chief decision maker assesses performance and makes decisions concerning resource allocation.

As of result of the Company’s determination that operates in one market segment, that segment being identify management, the Company has amended its segment disclosure beginning with its annual report as filed on Form 10-K for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, Partial Deferral of the Effective Date of Statement 157 (“FSP FAS 157-2”). FSP FAS 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  The Company does not expect the provisions of FSP FAS 157-2 to have an impact on our results of operations or financial position. 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” and SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements”. The standards are intended to improve, simplify, and converge internationally the accounting for business combinations and the reporting of non-controlling interests in consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all (and only) the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors and other users all of the information they need to evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. SFAS 141(R) will be applied to business combinations occurring after the effective date.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an Amendment of ARB 51 (“SFAS No. 160”), which requires non-controlling interests (previously referred to as minority interests) to be treated as a separate component of equity. SFAS No. 160 is effective for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier application is prohibited. In addition, SFAS No. 160 shall be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which it is initially applied, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements. The presentation and disclosure requirements shall be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. We do not have an outstanding non-controlling interest in one or more subsidiaries and therefore, SFAS No. 160 is not applicable to us at this time.

In December 2007, the FASB ratified the consensus reached by the EITF on Issue No. 07-1 (“EITF 07-1”), Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements. EITF 07-1 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009 and will be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented for all collaborative arrangements existing as of the effective date. EITF 07-1 defines collaborative arrangements and establishes reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties. The Company does not expect the provisions of EITF 07-1 to have an impact on our financial position and results of operations.
 
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In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“FAS 161”), which is effective January 1, 2009. FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about derivative instruments and hedging activities to allow for a better understanding of their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Among other things, FAS 161 requires disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and associated gains and losses in a tabular format. Since FAS 161 affects only disclosure requirements, there will be no effect on our results of operations or financial position.

In April 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position FSP FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”). The FSP amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. The intent of the FSP is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under other accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is prohibited. The guidance for determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset shall be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. Certain disclosure requirements shall be applied prospectively to all intangible assets recognized as of, and subsequent to, the effective date. FSP FAS 142-3 will be applied to intangible assets acquired after the effective date.

In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The new standard is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for nongovernmental entities. FAS No. 162 is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  Previous references to GAAP accounting standards will no longer be used in our disclosures for financial statements ending after the effective date. The adoption of SFAS No. 162 will not have an impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (“FSP APB 14-1”).  FSP APB 14-1 clarifies that convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) are not addressed by paragraph 12 of APB Opinion No. 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants. Additionally, this FSP specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is assessing the impact of adoption of FSP No EITF 03-6-1 on its financial position and results of operations.

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities,” (FSP EITF 03-6-1). FSP EITF 03-6-1 states that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. FSP EITF 03-6-1 becomes effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the provisions of FSP No. EITF 03-6-1to have a material impact on our results of operations or financial position. 

In January 2009, the FASB issued FSP EITF 99-20-1, "Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99 - Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets". FSP EITF 99-20-1 changes the impairment model included within EITF 99-20 to be more consistent with the impairment model of SFAS No. 115. FSP EITF 99-20-1 achieves this by amending the impairment model in EITF 99-20 to remove its exclusive reliance on "market participant" estimates of future cash flows used in determining fair value. Changing the cash flows used to analyze other-than-temporary impairment from the "market participant" view to a holder's estimate of whether there has been a "probable" adverse change in estimated cash flows allows companies to apply reasonable judgment in assessing whether another-than-temporary impairment has occurred. The adoption of FSP EITF 99-20-1 is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or liquidity. 

In April 2009 the FASB issued FSP No. 141R-1 Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies, or FSP 141R-1. FSP 141R-1 amends the provisions in SFAS 141R for the initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosures for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations. The FSP eliminates the distinction between contractual and non-contractual contingencies, including the initial recognition and measurement criteria in SFAS 141R and instead carries forward most of the provisions in SFAS 141 for acquired contingencies. FSP 141R-1 is effective for contingent assets and contingent liabilities acquired in business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of FSP No. 141R-1 is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or liquidity. 

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         In April 2009 the FASB issued three related Staff Positions: (i) FSP No. 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly, or FSP 157-4, (ii) FSP 115-2 and FSP No. 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments , or FSP 115-2 and FSP 124-2, and (iii) FSP 107-1 and APB No. 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments, or FSP 107 and APB 28-1, which are effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. FSP 157-4 provides guidance on how to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities under SFAS 157 in the current economic environment and reemphasizes that the objective of a fair value measurement remains an exit price. If we were to conclude that there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity of the asset or liability in relation to normal market activities, quoted market values may not be representative of fair value and the Company may conclude that a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. FSP 115-2 and FSP 124-2 modify the requirements for recognizing other-than-temporarily impaired debt securities and revise the existing impairment model for such securities, by modifying the current intent and ability indicator in determining whether a debt security is other-than-temporarily impaired. FSP 107 and APB 28-1 enhance the disclosure of instruments under the scope of SFAS 157 for both interim and annual periods. We do not expect the adoption of these standards to have a material effect on our financial position of results of operations.

         In May 2009 the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, Subsequent Events, or SFAS 165. SFAS 165 establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. SFAS 165 requires the disclosure of the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for that date, that is, whether the date represents the date the financial statements were issued or were available to be issued. SFAS 165 is effective in the first interim period ending after June 15, 2009. We expect that SFAS 165 will have an impact on disclosures in our consolidated financial statements, but the nature and magnitude of the specific effects will depend upon the nature, terms and value of any subsequent events occurring after adoption. 

         In June 2009 the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), or SFAS 167, that will change how we determine when an entity that is insufficiently capitalized or is not controlled through voting (or similar rights) should be consolidated. Under SFAS No. 167, determining whether a company is required to consolidate an entity will be based on, among other things, an entity's purpose and design and a company's ability to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance. SFAS 167 is effective for financial statements after January 1, 2010. We are currently evaluating the requirements of SFAS 167 and the impact of adoption on their consolidated financial statements, if any. 

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Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications were made to prior years’ consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.

3.           Intangible Assets

The following disclosure presents certain information about the Company’s acquired intangible assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. All intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, as indicated below, with no estimated residual values.
     
Gross Carrying
                     
Pro Rata Reduction
   
Impairment
       
     
Amount Before
                     
of Sol Logic Assets
   
Charge on Sol
       
     
Impairment
   
Accumulated
               
From Purchase
   
Logic Intangible
       
     
Charge
   
Amortization
   
Net Balance
   
Amortization
   
Accounting
   
Assets Recorded
   
Net Balance
 
   Amortization  
at December
   
at December
   
at December
   
Recorded
   
Contingency
   
at December 31,
   
at December
 
($ in thousands)
Period
  31, 2007     31, 2007     31, 2007    
During 2008
   
Resolution
    2008     31, 2008  
                                                       
Technology
5 years
  $ 3,178     $ (1,160 )   $ 2,018     $ (420 )   $ (940 )   $ (658 )   $ -  
                                                           
Trademark and Tradenames
14.5 years
  $ 377     $ (251 )   $ 126     $ (16 )   $ -     $ -     $ 110  
                                                           
Customer relationship
5 years
  $ 293     $ (200 )   $ 93     $ (19 )   $ (43 )   $ (30 )   $ -  
                                                           
Non-Compete Agreement
3 years
  $ 325     $ (125 )   $ 200     $ (69 )   $ (77 )   $ (54 )   $ -  
                                                           
Patents
4 years
  $ 60     $ (60 )   $ -     $ -     $ -             $ -  
                                                           
Totals
    $ 4,233     $ (1,796 )   $ 2,437     $ (525 )   $ (1,060 )   $ (742 )   $ 110  

As more fully described in Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements, in December 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc. resulting in acquired intangible assets of approximately $2,311,000.  Based on fair value methodologies, the Company recorded approximately $2,018,000 in intangibles assets for developed technology, $93,000 in customer relationship intangible assets and $200,000 for a non-compete agreement.

In 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of approximately $742,000 related to our intangible assets related to our acquisition of Sol Logic in 2007.  This loss reflects the amount by which the carrying value of this asset exceeded its estimated fair value determined by the assets’ future discounted cash flows.  The impairment loss is recorded as a component of Operating expenses in the consolidated Statement of Operations for 2008.  We recorded no impairment losses for long-lived or intangible assets during the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.

Amortization expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $525,000 and $16,000, respectively.

The estimated acquired intangible amortization expense for the next five fiscal years is as follows:

Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
Estimated Amortization Expense   ($ in thousands)
 
2009
 
$16
 
2010
 
16
 
2011
 
16
 
2012
 
16
 
2013
 
16
 
Thereafter
 
30
 
Totals
 
$110
 

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4.           Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

($ in thousands)
 
Total
 
Balance of Goodwill as of January 1, 2007
  $ 3,416  
         
Goodwill acquired
    1,036  
Impairment losses
       
         
Balance of Goodwill as of December 31, 2007
  $ 4,452  
         
De-recognition of goodwill resulting from amended purchase accounting agreement
    (1,036
Impairment losses
     
         
Balance of Goodwill as of December 31, 2008
  $ 3,416  

As more fully described in Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements, in December 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc. resulting in goodwill acquired of approximately $1,036,000.  On March 28, 2008, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement Amendment”) to amend the Purchase Agreement. The terms of the Purchase Agreement Amendment resulted in the de-recognition of the goodwill originally recorded of $1,036,000.

The Company annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate a need, tests the carrying amount of goodwill for impairment. The Company performs its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of each year. A two-step impairment test is used to first identify potential goodwill impairment and then measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss, if any. These tests were conducted by determining and comparing the fair value of our reporting units, as defined in SFAS 142, to the reporting unit’s carrying value. In 2006, we determined that our only reporting unit is Identity Management. Based on the results of these impairment tests, we determined that our goodwill assets were not impaired as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.

5.             Investments

In conjunction with the sale of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Digital Imaging Asia Pacific, as more fully described in Note 7 to these consolidated financial statements, in March 2005, the Company and Argus Solutions Ltd each agreed to purchase $250,000 of each others common stock at a per share price equal to 108% of the closing price of each others’ stock as determined by the American Stock Exchange and Australian Stock Exchange, respectively. As legal consideration, each Company paid the other cash of $250,000. The Company and Argus consummated the transaction through the exchange of common shares. The Company exchanged 71,225 shares of its common stock for 1,929,914 shares of common stock of Argus Solutions Ltd., which represents approximately one percent of the voting equity of Argus. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 153, “Exchange of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29”, the Company recorded this transaction as a nonmonetary exchange based on the fair value of the shares exchanged as determined by the closing price of the Company’s shares on the American Stock Exchange on the transaction date of $3.25 or $231,000.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” and based on the Company’s intentions regarding these instruments, they were classified as marketable equity securities into trading or available-for-sale categories. Marketable securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings. Marketable securities not classified as trading are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in the determination of comprehensive income and reported in shareholders’ equity. Marketable equity securities are included in other non-current assets. The Company reviews its marketable equity holdings in publicly-traded companies on a regular basis to determine if any security has experienced an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. The Company considers the investee company’s cash position, earnings and revenue outlook, and stock price performance, among other factors, in its review. If it is determined that an other-than-temporary decline exists in a marketable equity security, the Company writes down the investment to its market value and records the related write-down as an investment loss in its Statement of Operations.

At December 31, 2007, the Company wrote off its remaining investment in Argus common stock as the market value of the common stock was determined to be $0.  The write-down amounted to $39,000 and was due to a decline in the fair value of the equity security which, in the opinion of management, was considered to be other than temporary.  The write-down is included in the caption Other income, net in the accompanying consolidated Statement of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
 
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6.             Acquisition

In December 2007, the Company entered into an agreement for the purchase of certain assets of Sol Logic, Inc. (“Sol Logic”) pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”).  The assets acquired include certain customer contracts, software licenses and intellectual property (collectively, the “Acquired Assets”).  As a result of this asset acquisition, the Company integrated real-time voice recognition, multiple language translation and voice analytic capabilities into its biometric offerings. The Asset Purchase Agreement contained various customary representations and warranties on behalf of Sol Logic.

In consideration for the acquisition of the Acquired Assets, the Company: (1) issued to Sol Logic on December 19, 2007 (the “Closing”) 935,089 shares of restricted common stock of the Company (the “Initial Shares”), and (2) on June 19, 2008 (the “Additional Issuance Date”) was required to issue to Sol Logic that number of shares of restricted common stock (the “Additional Shares” and collectively with the Initial Shares, the “Shares”) equal to the quotient obtained by dividing $1,502,000 by the greater of (A) $1.633 and (B) the volume weighted average closing price of the Company’s common stock over the 20 trading-day period ending on June 18, 2008, as reported on the Over-the-Counter Bullet Board (“OTCBB”).  Fifty percent of the Initial Shares and ten percent of the Additional Shares were held in escrow until the one-year anniversary of the Closing. The Company recorded the obligation to issue the required number of shares on the Additional Issuance Date as a current liability in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2007 under the caption “Acquisition related obligation”.

On March 28, 2008, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement Amendment”) to amend the Purchase Agreement.  The Purchase Agreement Amendment provided that in consideration for the Acquired Assets, the Company issue to Sol Logic an aggregate of 677,940 shares of restricted Common Stock (the “Initial Shares”). Of these shares, 467,545 were issued to Sol Logic on December 19, 2007, the date of the Purchase Agreement. The remaining 210,395 shares were issued to Sol Logic upon execution of the Purchase Agreement Amendment.  In conjunction with these issuances, the Company simultaneously rescinded the issuance of 257,149 common shares originally placed into escrow on December 19, 2007.

In the event the Company’s revenues on certain specified products set forth in the Purchase Agreement Amendment either equal or exceed $3,000,000 for the six-month period commencing on March 6, 2008 and ending on September 6, 2008 or equal or exceed $5,000,000 for the eighteen-month period commencing on March 6, 2008 and ending on September 6, 2009, the Company was obligated to issue that number of additional shares of Common Stock (the “Additional Shares” and together with the Initial Shares, the “Shares”) obtained by dividing $1,921,924 by the greater of $1.10 or the volume weighted average closing price of the Company’s common stock over the 20 trading-day period immediately prior to the date the Additional Shares are issued, subject to the terms of the escrow described below.  Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement Amendment, the maximum number of Additional Shares that may be issued is 1,747,204. The Company did not attain the specified revenue levels required pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement Amendment and on September 6, 2009, the contingent consideration provision contained in the Purchase Agreement Amendment expired with no additional consideration due.
 
Concurrently with the execution of the Purchase Agreement Amendment, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to Registration Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement Amendment”) to amend the Rights Agreement.  Under the terms of the Rights Agreement Amendment, the Company was required to register an additional 371,755 of the Initial Shares, for a total of 677,940 shares of Common Stock, for resale by Sol Logic.

As a result of recording the terms of the Purchase Agreement Amendment, the aggregate purchase price, not including direct transaction costs of approximately $274,000 was approximately $1,019,000. The value of the 677,940 common shares issued was determined based on the average market price of the Company’s common stock over the 2-day period before and after the terms of the Purchase Agreement Amendment were consummated on March 6, 2008 in accordance with EITF 99-12, “Determination of the Measurement Date for the Market Price of Acquirer Securities Issued in a Purchase Business Combination’. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had incurred approximately $131,000 in expenses related to the issuance and registration of the Company’s equity securities issued pursuant to the Sol Logic asset purchase. Such issuance and registration costs have been recognized as a reduction of the fair value of the Company’s common stock in accordance with FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 141, “Business Combinations” (“FAS 141”).
 
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In connection the Purchase Agreement Amendment, the Company agreed to pay additional consideration in future periods, based upon the attainment of certain revenue levels on certain specified products. FAS 141 requires, in situations involving a contingent consideration agreement that might result in the recognition of an additional element of cost when the contingency is resolved, the recognition of a purchase accounting liability in an amount equal to the lesser of the maximum amount of contingent consideration or the excess (the amount by which the amounts assigned to the assets acquired exceeds the cost of the acquired entity). Accordingly, the Company, upon execution of the Purchase Agreement Amendment, recorded a purchase accounting liability of approximately $1,060,000 as a current liability. When the contingency is resolved and the consideration is issued or becomes issuable, any excess of the fair value of the contingent consideration issued or issuable over the amount that was recognized as a liability shall be recognized as an additional cost of the acquisition. Any such additional cost would result in increases in goodwill. If the amount initially recognized as a liability exceeds the fair value of the consideration issued or issuable, that excess shall be allocated as a pro rata reduction of the amounts assigned to the acquired assets. As more fully described in Note 4 to these consolidated financial statements, the Company determined that the intangible assets acquired in the Sol Logic acquisition were impaired at December 31, 2008 as the carrying value of these assets exceeded their estimated fair value determined by the assets’ future discounted cash flows.  The Company did not attain the specified revenue levels required pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement Amendment and on September 6, 2009, the contingent consideration provision contained in the Purchase Agreement Amendment expired with no additional consideration due. The Company has recorded the resolution of the purchase accounting contingency as a recognized subsequent event and has allocated the excess of the contingent liability of $1,060,000 as a pro rata reduction of the amounts assigned to the acquired assets prior to the recording of an impairment charge of approximately $742,000.

The following table presents the allocation of the acquisition cost, including professional fees and other related acquisition costs, to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair values:

($ in thousands)
 
As recorded per
Dec. 19, 2007
Asset
Purchase
Agreement
   
As adjusted per
Mar. 6, 2008
Purchase
Agreement
Amendment
 
             
Fixed assets, net
 
$
42
   
$
42
 
Covenant not to compete
   
200
     
200
 
Customer base
   
93
     
93
 
Developed technology
   
2,018
     
2,018
 
Goodwill
   
1,036
     
 
Total assets acquired
 
$
3,389
   
$
2,353
 
                 
Cash and direct transaction costs
 
$
(410
)
 
$
(466
)
Acquisition liability
   
(1,502
)
   
(1,060
)
Common stock
   
(9
)
   
(7
)
Additional paid in capital
   
(1,468
)
   
(820
)
Total consideration issued and liabilities incurred
 
$
(3,389
)
 
$
(2,353
)
                 
Number of shares issued
   
935,089
     
677,940
 

The following (unaudited) pro forma consolidated results of operations have been prepared as if the acquisition of Sol Logic, Inc. had occurred at January 1, 2007:
 
($ in thousands)
 
Twelve Months
Ended December
31, 2007
 
   
(unaudited)
 
Sales
 
$
8,902
 
Net loss available to common shareholders
 
$
(6,690
)
Net loss per share available to common shareholders
 
$
(0.44
)

The pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that actually would have been achieved had the acquisition been consummated as of that time, nor is it intended to be a projection of future results.
 
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7.             Sale of Businesses and Discontinued Operations

On November 30, 2006, the Company completed the sale of its entire Digital Photography (“PDI”) product line and inventory (the “PDI Products”) to an unaffiliated third party for a total of $400,000, including an initial cash payment of $25,000.  The purchaser is required to pay up to the full remaining amount of $375,000 in a series of quarterly installments equal to 12.5% of all newly acquired sales and license revenues relating to the PDI product line (the “Percentage Payments”).  Until such time when the Company has received the full purchase price of $400,000, during any 12-month period during which the aggregate Percentage Payments to the Company are less than $50,000, the purchaser will pay the Company the difference between the Percentage Payments and $50,000.  This component of the Company’s business was previously classified as the Company’s Digital Photography segment.

The Company decided to sell this component because it has incurred significant operating losses in each of the last five years and has lost significant market share in the last three years.  The assets sold consisted primarily of a suite of software and related inventory including source, copyrights, trademarks, documentation and client base.
 
In 2007, the Company recognized a gain of approximately $50,000 from the disposal of this component representing the cash proceeds received less the value of net assets sold.  At December 31, 2007, the Company has recorded the fair value of the remaining amount due of $325,000 offset by a full valuation allowance due to the uncertainty of the ultimate collectability of such amounts. This determination was based upon the maximum repayment period of 6.5 years of amounts owing the Company combined with the purchaser operating in a highly competitive business environment evidenced by rapid technological change.  Accordingly, the Company has deferred any remaining gain from the disposal of this component until such time as the Company determines that the realization of the remaining amounts owed is reasonably assured.

In 2008, the Company recognized a gain of approximately $18,000 from the disposal of this component representing the cash proceeds received less the value of net assets sold. At December 31, 2008, the Company has continued to record the fair value of the remaining amount due of $307,000 offset by a full valuation allowance due to the uncertainty of the ultimate collectability of such amounts. This determination was based upon the maximum repayment period of 5.5 years of amounts owing the Company combined with the purchaser operating in a highly competitive business environment evidenced by rapid technological change.  Accordingly, the Company has deferred any remaining gain from the disposal of this component until such time as the Company determines that the realization of the remaining amounts owed is reasonably assured.

8.             Related Parties
 
As more fully described in Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements, on November 14, 2008, the Company entered in to a series of convertible promissory notes (the” Convertible Notes”), aggregating $110,000 with certain officers and members of the Company’s Board of Directors. The Convertible Notes bear interest at 7.0% per annum and were originally due February 14, 2009 for which a forbearance waiver was obtained which is more fully described in Notes 13.

In conjunction with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company issued an aggregate of 149,996 warrants to the note holders to purchase Common Stock of the Company. The warrants have an exercise price $0.55 per share and may be exercised at any time from November 14, 2008 until November 14, 2013.

9.             Inventory

Inventories at December 31, 2008 were comprised of work in process of $9,000 representing direct labor costs on in-process projects and finished goods of $10,000 net of reserves for obsolete and slow-moving items of $93,000.  Inventories at December 31, 2007 were comprised of work in process of $29,000 representing direct labor costs on in-process projects and finished goods of $101,000 net of reserves for obsolete and slow-moving items of $16,000.  Appropriate consideration is given to obsolescence, excessive levels, deterioration, and other factors in evaluating net realizable value and required reserve levels.
 
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10.           Property and Equipment

Property and equipment at December 31, 2008 and 2007, consists of:

($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
             
Equipment
  $ 1,397     $ 1,411  
Leasehold improvements
    31       149  
Furniture
    162       162  
      1,590       1,722  
Less accumulated depreciation
    (1,482 )     (1,434 )
    $ 108     $ 288  

Total depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $247,000 and $242,000, respectively.

11.           Costs and Estimated Earnings on Uncompleted Contracts

The Company recognizes sales and cost of sales on long-term, fixed price contracts involving significant amounts of customization using the percentage of completion method based on costs incurred to date compared to total estimated costs at completion.  Such amounts are included in the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 under the caption “Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contract”.

Costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts and related amounts billed under contract provisions as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are as follows:

($ in thousands)
 
December 31, 
2008
   
December 31, 
2007
 
             
Costs incurred on uncompleted contract
 
$
108
   
$
 
Estimated earnings
   
397
     
 
     
505
     
 
                 
Less: Billings to date
   
(784
)
   
 
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contract
 
$
(279
)
 
$
 


12.           Accrued Liabilities

Principal components of accrued liabilities consist of:

($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
             
Compensated absences
  $ 230     $ 215  
Wages and sales commissions
    128       113  
Customer deposits
    336       267  
Liquidated damages
    280       280  
Royalties
    251       251  
Professional fees
    28       73  
Employee benefit plans
    113       10  
Other
    164       132  
      1,530     $ 1,341  

13.           Notes Payable and Line of Credit

Notes payable consist of the following:

($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Notes payable to related parties:
           
Convertible promissory notes to accrue interest at 7%. Face value of note $110,
     net of unamortized discount on note at December 31, 2008 of $12. Note due January 31, 2010
    98     $  
Total notes payable to related parties
    98        
                 
Total notes payable
    98     $  
Less current portion
           
Long-term notes payable
    98     $  
 
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     Future maturities of long-term debt are as follows as of December 31, 2008:

($ in thousands)
       
2009
 
$
 
2010
 
$
98
 
2011
 
$
 
2012
 
$
 
2013
 
$
 
   
$
98
 
 
On November 14, 2008, the Company entered in to a series of convertible promissory notes (the” Convertible Notes”), aggregating $110,000 with certain officers and members of the Company’s Board of Directors. The Convertible Notes bear interest at 7.0% per annum and were originally due February 14, 2009 for which a forbearance waiver was obtained. The principal amount of the Convertible Notes plus accrued but unpaid interest is convertible at the option of the holder into Common Stock of the Company. The number of shares into which the Convertible Notes are convertible shall be calculated by dividing the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest by $0.55 (the “Conversion Price”).

In conjunction with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company issued an aggregate of 149,996 warrants to the note holders to purchase Common Stock of the Company. The warrants have an exercise price $0.55 per share and may be exercised at any time from November 14, 2008 until November 14, 2013.

The Company initially recorded the convertible notes net of a discount equal to the fair value allocated to the warrants using the relative fair value method of approximately $13,000.  The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: term of 5 years, a risk free interest rate of 2.53%, a dividend yield of 0%, and volatility of 96%.  The convertible notes also contained a beneficial conversion feature, which resulted in additional debt discount of $12,000.  The beneficial conversion amount was measured using the accounting intrinsic value, i.e. the excess of the aggregate fair value of the common stock into which the debt is convertible over the proceeds allocated to the security.  The Company is accreting the beneficial conversion feature over the life of the note.  For the twelve months ended December 31, 2008 the Company recorded $12,000 as interest expense from the amortization of the discount related to the fair value of the warrants and from the accretion of the beneficial conversion feature.
 
In August 2009, the Company received from the Convertible Note holders a waiver of default and extension to January 31, 2010 of the maturity date of the Convertible Notes.  As consideration for the waiver and note extension, the Company issued to the Convertible Note holders an aggregate of 150,000 warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock.  The warrants have an exercise price of $0.54 per share and expire on August 25, 2014.  The Company is currently seeking an additional waiver of default from the holders of the Convertible Notes.

14.           Income Taxes

The significant components of the income tax provision (benefit) are as follows:

($ in thousands)
 
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Current
           
Federal
  $     $  
State
           
Foreign
           
                 
Deferred
               
Federal
           
State
           
Foreign
           
                 
    $     $  

84

The principal components of the Company’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) at December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
             
Net operating loss carryforwards
  $ 17,306     $ 16,118  
Intangible assets
    784       713  
Impairment loss on intangible assets
    296       -  
Stock based compensation
    552       426  
Reserves and accrued expenses
    37       (4
Other
    (46 )     (46 )
      18,929       17,207  
Less valuation allowance
    (18,929 )     (17,207 )
                 
  Net deferred tax assets
  $     $  

A reconciliation of the provision (benefit) for income taxes to the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rates to loss before income taxes is as follows:

   
2008
   
2007
 
             
Amounts computed at statutory rates
  $ (1,944 )   $ (1,593 )
State income tax, net of federal benefit
    (190 )     (125 )
Expiration of net operating loss carryforwards
    418       485  
Federal research and development credit
           
Other
    (5     6  
Net change in valuation allowance
    1,721       1,227  
                 
    $     $  

The Company has established a valuation allowance against its deferred tax asset due to the uncertainty surrounding the realization of such asset. Management periodically evaluates the recoverability of the deferred tax asset. At such time as it is determined that is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are realizable, the valuation allowance will be reduced.

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $45,490,000 and $42,330,000, respectively, state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $31,514,000 and $29,576,000, respectively, which may be available to offset future taxable income for tax purposes. The federal net operating loss carryforwards expire at various dates from 2009 through 2028. The state net operating loss carryforwards expire at various dates from 2009 through 2018.

The Internal Revenue Code (“the Code”) limits the availability of certain tax credits that arose prior to certain cumulative changes in a corporation’s ownership resulting in a change of control of the Company.  The Company has reduced its deferred tax assets to zero relating to its federal and state research credits because of such limitations.

The Code also limits the availability of net operating losses that arose prior to certain cumulative changes in a corporation’s ownership resulting in a change of control of the Company. The Company’s use of its net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards will be significantly limited because the Company underwent “ownership changes” in 1991, 1995, 2000, 2003 and 2004.
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company’s financial statements. The interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.

The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. The implementation of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. At the adoption date on January 1, 2007, and as of December 31, 2007 and 2008, the Company recorded no cumulative effect adjustments related to the adoption of FIN 48.

Upon adoption of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007, and as of December 31, 2007, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits or accruals for the potential payment of interest and penalties. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, no interest or penalties were recorded.
 
85

The Company files tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is not aware of any jurisdictions currently under examination by tax authorities.
 
15.           Commitments and Contingencies

Employment Agreements

The Company has employment agreements with its Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President of Administration and Chief Financial Officer. The Company may terminate the agreements with or without cause. Subject to the conditions and other limitations set forth in each respective employment agreement, each executive will be entitled to the following severance benefits if the Company terminates the executive’s employment without cause or in the event of an involuntary termination  (as defined in the employment agreements) by the Company or by the executive: (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to between six months and twenty-four months of base salary, based upon specific agreements; (ii) continuation of the executive’s fringe benefits and medical insurance for a period of three years; and (iii) immediate vesting of 50% of each executive’s outstanding restricted stock awards and stock options. In the event that the executive’s employment is terminated within the six months prior to or the thirteen months following a change of control (as defined in the employment agreements), the executive is entitled to the severance benefits described above, except that 100% of each executive’s restricted stock awards outstanding and stock options will immediately vest. Each executive’s eligibility to receive any severance payments or other benefits upon his termination is conditioned upon him executing a general release of liability.
 
Litigation

The Company is involved in certain legal proceedings generally incidental to its normal business activities. While the outcome of such proceedings cannot be accurately predicted, the Company does not believe the ultimate resolution of any such existing matters should have a material effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Leases
 
The Company currently leases office and research and development space under operating leases which expire at various dates through December 2013.

At December 31, 2008, future minimum lease payments are as follows:

($ in thousands)
       
2009
 
$
251
 
2010
 
$
161
 
2011
 
$
164
 
2012
 
$
164
 
2013
 
$
108
 
   
$
848
 

Rental expense from continuing operations incurred under operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $545,000 and $579,000, respectively.
 
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16.
Equity

The Company’s Articles of Incorporation were amended effective August 31, 1994 and authorize the issuance of two classes of stock to be designated “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock,” provide that both Common and Preferred Stock shall have a par value of $.01 per share and authorize the Company to issue 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 4,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock may be divided into such number of series and with the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as the Board of Directors may determine.

Series B Convertible, Redeemable Preferred Stock

In April 1995, the Company’s Articles of Incorporation were amended to authorize 750,000 shares of Series B Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series B”). Each 5.275 shares of Series B are convertible into one share of the Company’s common stock.

The holders of Series B are entitled to cumulative preferred dividends payable at the rate of $.2125 per share per annum commencing April 30, 1996, subject to legally available funds. The Series B plus accrued but unpaid dividends are convertible at the option of the holder into shares of common stock at a conversion price equal to the original Series B issue price as adjusted to prevent dilution. The Series B will automatically be converted into shares of common stock upon the closing of an underwritten public offering at a price per common share of not less than $31.65. If the public offering price is less than $31.65 but at least $21.10 per share, the conversion shall still be automatic upon written consent of a majority of the then outstanding shareholders of Series B.

The holders of Series B, on an as-converted basis, have the same voting rights per share as the Company’s common shares; provided, that the holders of Series B has a special right to elect one director if the Company defaults in the payment of any dividend to the holders of Series B. The holders of Series B are entitled to initial distributions of $2.50 per share of Series B outstanding, upon liquidation and in preference to common shares and any other series of preferred stock plus all accrued but unpaid dividends.

Any time after December 31, 2000, the Company has the right to redeem all or some of the outstanding shares of Series B at a price equal to the original issue price, plus all accrued but unpaid dividends.

The Company had 239,400 shares of Series B outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.  At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had cumulative undeclared dividends of approximately $34,000 and $9,000 respectively.
 
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock

In November 2006, the Company’s Articles of Incorporation were amended to authorize 3,500 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series C”). Each share of Series C Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into a number of shares of common stock equal to the stated value (initially $1,000 per share, subject to adjustment), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, divided by the conversion price (initially $1.50 per share, subsequently adjusted to $0.50 per share and subject to further adjustment). Subject to certain limitations, the conversion price per share shall be adjusted in the event of certain subsequent stock dividends, splits, reclassifications, dilutive issuances, rights offerings, and reclassifications.  Certain activities may not be undertaken by the Company without the affirmative vote of a majority of the holders of the outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock.  The Series C preferred stock does not have voting rights and is not redeemable except at liquidation. The Company may be subject to losses arising from non-delivery of shares within a specified period of time under the “buy in” provision. At January 1, 2007, the Company had issued a total of 2,500 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock.
 
The holders of Series C are entitled to receive cumulative dividends, at the option of the Company, (i) in common stock upon conversion of the Series C preferred stock, or (ii) in cash after the payment of cash dividends to the holders of Series B Preferred Stock at the rate per share (as a percentage of the stated value per share) of 8% per annum.

The holders of Series C are entitled to initial distributions of $1,000 per share of Series C outstanding, upon liquidation and in preference to common shares and any other series of preferred stock with the exception of Series B Preferred Stock, plus all accrued but unpaid dividends.

The Company had 2,200 shares of Series C outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.  At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had cumulative undeclared dividends of approximately $404,000 and $234,000.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 300 shares of Series C were converted into 206,778 shares of the Company’s common stock.  There were no conversions during the corresponding period in 2008.
 
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock

In March 2007, the Company’s Articles of Incorporation were amended to authorize 2,000 shares of Series D 8% Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”). In August 2008, the Company’s Articles of Incorporation were further amended to increase the number of authorized shares of Series D Preferred Stock from 2,000 to 3,000.  Each share of Series D Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into a number of shares of common stock equal to the stated value (initially $1,000 per share, subject to adjustment), plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, divided by the conversion price (initially $1.90 per share, subsequently adjusted to 0.50 per share and subject to further adjustment). Subject to certain limitations, the conversion price per share shall be adjusted in the event of certain subsequent stock dividends, splits, reclassifications, dilutive issuances, rights offerings, and reclassifications.  Certain activities may not be undertaken by the Company without the affirmative vote of a majority of the holders of the outstanding shares of Series D Preferred Stock.  The Series D Preferred Stock does not have voting rights and is not redeemable except at liquidation. The Company may be subject to losses arising from non-delivery of shares within a specified period of time under the “buy in” provision.
 
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The Company had 2,198 and 1388 shares of Series D outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had cumulative undeclared dividends of approximately $230,000 and $98,000.

During March 2007, the Company issued a total of 1,500 shares of Series D Preferred Stock and generated gross proceeds of $1.5 million.  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 112 shares of Series D were converted into 79,248 shares of the Company’s common stock.

In conjunction with the March 2007 issuance of the Series D Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to the holders of the Series D Preferred Stock to purchase 59,207 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.33 per share. These warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the balance sheet.  The proceeds from the Series D Preferred Stock financing were allocated to the warrants and the Series D Preferred Stock based on the relative fair value of each on the date of issuance.  This allocation process resulted in the initial recognition of a discount attributable to an embedded beneficial conversion feature of approximately $344,000.  The discount was amortized over the minimum period from the date of issuance to the date at which the preferred shareholders are permitted to convert as a dividend to the Series D Preferred Stock shareholders.

The issuance of common stock and warrants pursuant to the Common Stock Financing triggered certain antidilution clauses in the Company’s Series D Preferred Stock agreement. As a result of these antidilution clauses, the Company was required to adjust the conversion price of the Series D Preferred Stock from $1.90 per share to $1.50 per share.  This antidilution feature will cause an additional 210,528 common shares to be issued upon conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock into common stock. In accordance with EITF Issue 00-27, “Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments”, this antidilution feature resulted in the additional recognition of a discount attributable to an embedded beneficial conversion feature of approximately $470,000.  This discount was amortized over the minimum period from the date of the conversion price adjustment to the date at which the preferred shareholders are permitted to convert as a dividend to the Series D Preferred Stock shareholders.

Commencing in August 2008 and ending in September 2008, (the”2008 Series D Preferred Stock Financing”), the Company issued to certain investors 810 shares of Series D Preferred Stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $810,000.  In conjunction with the 2008 Series D Preferred Stock Financing, the Company issued warrants to the investors of the Series D Preferred Stock to purchase 1,620,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.50 per share.  These warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2008. The proceeds from the 2008 Series D Preferred Stock Financing were allocated to the warrants and the Series D Preferred Stock based on the relative fair value of each on the date of issuance.  This allocation process resulted in the initial recognition of a discount attributable to an embedded beneficial conversion feature of approximately $186,000.  This discount was amortized over the minimum period from date of issuance to the date at which the preferred shareholders are permitted to convert as a dividend to the Series D Preferred Stock shareholders.

The issuance of the Series D Preferred Stock and warrants pursuant to the 2008 Series D Preferred Stock Financing triggered certain antidilution clauses in the Company’s Series C and previously issued Series D Preferred Stock agreements.  As a result of these antidilution clauses, the Company was required to adjust the conversion price of the Series C and Series D Preferred Stocks from $1.00 to $0.50 per share.  This antidilution feature will cause an additional 3,588,000 common shares to be issued upon conversion of the Series C and Series D Preferred Stocks into common stock.  In accordance with EITF Issue 00-27,”Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments”, this antidilution feature resulted in the additional recognition of a discount attributable to an embedded beneficial conversion feature of approximately $3,588,000.  This discount was amortized over the minimum period from date of issuance to the date at which the preferred shareholders are permitted to convert as a dividend to the Series D Preferred Stock shareholders.

As compensation to the placement agent for the 2008 Series D Preferred Stock Financing, the Company agreed to pay approximately $33,000 in cash.  The cash payment has been recorded as an adjustment to additional paid in capital as a reduction of net proceeds.
 
88

Common Stock
 
On March 12, 2008, the Company received $541,666 from the exercise of 541,666 warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Warrant Financing”). The warrants were originally issued in connection with a private placement of Common Stock to certain accredited investors (the “Investors”). The Financing was previously reported in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 26, 2007. The Company agreed to reprice all warrants issued in the Financing, which originally had an exercise price of $1.67 per share, to an exercise price of $1.00 per share, in consideration for their immediate exercise (the “Warrant Repricing”) by the Investors who participated in the Warrant Repricing or their transferees, as applicable (the “Participating Investors”).
 
In connection with the Warrant Repricing, the Company also issued to the Participating Investors new warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 270,833 shares of Common Stock with an exercise price of $1.20 per share. The Warrants may be exercised at any time from March 12, 2008 until March 12, 2013. In addition, if the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants are not registered for resale with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before the later of September 12, 2008 or the end of the applicable holding period for resales of securities by non-affiliates under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, but in any event no later than March 12, 2009, the Warrants may be exercised by the Participating Investors by “cashless” exercise.

As more fully disclosed in Note 6 to these condensed consolidated financial statements, in March 2008 the Company amended the Asset Purchase Agreement relating to the purchase of certain assets of Sol Logic, Inc. As a result of amending the Asset Purchase Agreement, the Company rescinded the issuance of 257,149 shares of common stock originally issued to Sol Logic and placed into escrow on December 19, 2007.

In 2008 and 2007, the Company issued 81,144 and 63,240 shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to stock-based compensation agreements with certain employees.

The issuance of common stock and warrants in March 2008 pursuant to the Warrant Financing triggered certain antidilution clauses in the Company’s Series C and Series D Preferred Stock agreements. As a result of these antidilution clauses, the Company was required to adjust the conversion price of the Series C and Series D Preferred Stock from $1.50 per share to $1.00 per share. This antidilution feature will cause an additional 733,335 common shares to be issued upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock into common stock and an additional 462,669 common shares to be issued upon conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock into common stock. In accordance with EITF Issue 00-27, “Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments”, this antidilution feature resulted in the additional recognition of a discount attributable to an embedded beneficial conversion feature of approximately $1,100,000 related to Series C Preferred Stock and $694,000 related to Series D Preferred Stock. This discount was amortized over the minimum period from the date of the conversion price adjustment to the date at which the preferred shareholders are permitted to convert as a dividend to the Series C and Series D Preferred Stock shareholders.

On September 25, 2007, the Company sold to certain accredited investors a total of 2,016,666 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $1.50 per share for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,025,003 (the “Common Stock Financing”).

In conjunction with the issuance of the common stock, the Company issued to the investors warrants (the “Investor Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,008,333 shares of Common Stock with an exercise price of $1.67 per share. The Investor Warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the balance sheet in accordance with the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock”.

The issuance of common stock and warrants pursuant to the Common Stock Financing triggered certain antidilution and exercise price reduction clauses in existing warrant agreements. As a result of these modifications, the Company was required to issue an additional 113,834 warrants and reduce the exercise price of certain previously issued warrants. As these warrants were classified as permanent equity, and the adjustment was related to antidilution features within these financial instruments, this increase in warrants and reduction of exercise price resulted in no adjustments to the financial statements.

As compensation to the placement agent for the Common Stock Financing, the Company paid approximately $212,000 in placement agent fees and agreed to reimburse up to $25,000 of placement agent legal expense incurred in connection with this financing.  In addition, the Company issued the placement agent for the financing, and certain of its affiliates, a 5.5 year warrant (the “Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 151,249 shares of Common Stock on the same terms and conditions included in the Investor Warrants. The cash payment has been recorded as adjustment to additional paid in capital as a reduction of net proceeds.  The Placement Agent Warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the balance sheet.
 
89

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 the Company issued 206,778 shares of its common stock pursuant to the conversion of 300 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and issued 79,248 shares of its common stock pursuant to the conversion of 112 shares of Series D Preferred Stock.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, the Company issued 795,956 shares of its common stock pursuant to the exercise of common stock purchase warrants.  The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $1,121,000 from these warrant exercises.

In December 2007, the Company issued 935,089 shares of its common stock pursuant to its acquisition of substantially all the assets of Sol Logic, Inc.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 300 shares of Series C were converted into 206,778 shares of the Company’s common stock.  During the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 112 shares of Series D were converted into 79,248 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Warrants

As of December 31, 2008, warrants to purchase 10,471,167 shares of common stock at prices ranging from $0.50 to $5.48 were outstanding. All warrants are exercisable as of December 31, 2008, and expire at various dates through March 2013.

The following table summarizes warrant activity for the following periods:

   
Warrants
   
Weighted-
Average 
Exercise Price
 
             
Balance at December 31, 2006
    5,821,149     $ 2.37  
Granted
    1,286,776     $ 1.34  
Expired / Canceled
    (224,998 )   $ 3.16  
Exercised
    (927,097 )   $ 1.59  
Balance at December 31, 2007
    5,955,830     $ 2.24  
Granted
    6,251,984     $ 0.53  
Expired / Canceled
    (1,194,981 )   $ 2.39  
Exercised
    (541,666 )   $ 1.00  
Balance at December 31, 2008
    10,471,167     $ 1.00  
 
The following table summarized information about warrants outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2008:

Exercise Price
 
Number 
Outstanding
 
Weighted—Average 
Remaining Life
(Years)
 
Weighted—Average 
Exercise Price
             
$
.50
 
8,124,138
 
2.0
 
$
.50
             
$
.55
 
149,996
 
4.9
 
$
.55
             
$
1.20
 
270,833
 
4.2
 
$
1.20
             
$
1.43
 
75,149
 
5.0
 
$
1.43
             
$
1.67
 
617,916
 
4.24
 
$
1.67
             
$
2.14
 
34,600
 
0.9
 
$
2.14
             
$
2.68
 
635,767
 
1.56
 
$
2.68
             
$
4.66
 
63,012
 
0.1
 
$
4.66
             
$
5.48
 
499,756
 
0.1
 
$
5.48
             
   
10,471,167
       
 
90

In conjunction with the issuance of the Series D Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to the holders of the Series D Preferred Stock to purchase 1,620,000 of the Company’s common stock at $0.50 per share.  These warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the balance sheet.

As partial compensation to the placement agent for the Preferred Stock Financing, the Company issued the placement agent for the financing, and certain of its affiliates, a 5 year warrant (the “Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 65,600 shares of Common Stock on the same terms and conditions included in the Investor Warrants. The cash payment has been recorded as adjustment to additional paid in capital as a reduction of net proceeds.  The Placement Agent Warrants have been classified as equity instruments on the balance sheet.
 
The issuance of common stock and warrants pursuant to the Common Stock Financing triggered certain antidilution and exercise price reduction clauses in existing warrant agreements. As a result of these modifications, the Company was required to issue an additional 4,145,555 warrants and reduce the exercise price of certain previously issued warrants. As these warrants were classified as permanent equity and their anti-dilution rights were likewise classified as equity, the adjustment was related to the execution of an existing warrant features within these financial instruments rather than an actual modification and this increase in warrants and reduction of exercise price resulted in no adjustment to the financial statements.
 
17.
Stock Option Plans

On August 31, 1994, the directors of the Company adopted the Company’s 1994 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “1994 Plan”) and the 1994 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan (the “Nonqualified Plan”). The 1992 Stock Option Plan and options previously granted were cancelled by the Board of Directors.

The 1994 Plan originally provided for officers and other key employees to receive nontransferable incentive stock options to purchase up to 170,616 shares of the Company’s common stock. The number of stock options issued and outstanding and the number of stock options remaining available for future issuance are shown in the table below. The option price per share must be at least equal to 100% of the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and the term may not exceed ten years.

The Nonqualified Plan originally provided for directors and consultants to receive nontransferable options to purchase up to 18,957 shares of the Company’s common stock. The number of options issued and outstanding and the number of options remaining available for future issuance are shown in the table below. The option price per share must be at least equal to 85% of the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and the term may not exceed five years.

Both the 1994 Plan and the Nonqualified Plan are administered by the Board of Directors or a Committee of the Board which determines the employees, directors or consultants which will be granted options and the terms of the options, including vesting provisions which to date has been over a three year period. Both the 1994 Plan and the Nonqualified Plan expired on August 31, 2004.

On December 17, 1999, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the ImageWare Systems, Inc. Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option Plan (the “1999 Plan”). Under the terms of the 1999 Plan, the Company could, originally, issue up to 350,000 non-qualified or incentive stock options to purchase common stock of the Company. The number of options issued and outstanding and the number of options remaining available for future issuance are shown in the table below. The 1999 Plan has substantially the same terms as the 1994 Employee Stock Option Plan and the 1994 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan and expires on December 17, 2009.
 
91

·
We increased the share reserve of the amended and restated 1999 plan by 883,000 shares of our common stock. This number consists of an increase in the share reserve of 800,000 of our shares of common stock and 83,000 shares of our common stock that were reserved and available for grants under the 2001 Equity Incentive Plan, which we refer to as the 2001 plan. Prior to amendment, the 1999 plan had 350,000 shares reserved for issuance under the 1999 plan.

·
Any shares not issued in connection with awards outstanding under the 2001 plan or the 1994 Employee Stock Option Plan (which we refer to as the 1994 plan) on June 7, 2005, will become available for issuance under the amended and restated 1999 plan.

·
Any shares not issued in connection with awards granted under the 1999 plan, will become available for issuance under the amended and restated 1999 plan.

·
The amended and restated 1999 plan prohibits the grant of stock option or stock appreciation right awards with an exercise price less than fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant.

·
The amended and restated 1999 plan also generally prohibits the “re-pricing” of stock options or stock appreciation rights, although awards may be bought out for a payment in cash or our stock.

·
The amended and restated 1999 plan permits the grant of stock based awards other than stock options, including the grant of “full value” awards such as restricted stock, stock units and performance shares.
 
·
The amended and restated 1999 plan permits the qualification of awards under the plan (payable in either stock or cash) as “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code.

On September 12, 2001, the Company’s Board of Directors approved adoption of the 2001 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”). Under the terms of the 2001 Plan, the Company may issue stock awards to employees, directors and consultants of the Company, and such stock awards may be given for non-statutory stock options (options not intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), stock bonuses, and rights to acquire restricted stock. The Company originally reserved 1,000,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the 2001 Plan. The number of options issued and outstanding and the number of options remaining available for future issuance are shown in the table below.

The 2001 Plan is administered by the Board of Directors or a Committee of the Board as provided in the 2001 Plan. Options granted under the 2001 Plan shall not be less than 85% of the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, and, in some cases, may not be less than 110% of such fair market value. The term of options granted under the 2001 Plan as well as their vesting are determined by the Board and to date, options have been granted with a ten year term and vesting over a three year period. While the Board may suspend or terminate the 2001 Plan at any time, if not terminated earlier, it will terminate on the day before its tenth anniversary of the date of adoption.
 
On November 9, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment to the 1999 Plan, subject to shareholder approval, pursuant to which an additional 1,000,000 shares would be reserved for issuance under the plan.  In December 2007, the Company’s shareholders approved this amendment resulting in 1,000,000 shares being added to the 1999 Plan.

Stock Option Plans
As of December 31, 2008

   
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of 
outstanding options 
(a)
   
Number of securities 
remaining available for 
future issuance under equity 
compensation plans
(excluding securities 
reflected in column (a))
 
1994 Plan
    20,250       -0-  
1999 Plan
    1,773,047       653,089  
2001 Plan
    256,017       -0-  
Total
    2,049,314       653,089  
 
92

The following table summarizes employee stock option activity since December 31, 2006:

   
Options
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
 
             
Balance at December 31, 2006
    1,603,164     $ 2.45  
Granted
    165,250     $ 2.38  
Expired/canceled
    (103,206   $ 2.58  
Exercised
        $  
                 
Balance at December 31, 2007
    1,665,208     $ 2.44  
Granted
    821,221     $ 0.89  
Expired/canceled
    (437,115   $ 2.19  
Exercised
        $    
                 
Balance at December 31, 2008
    2,049,314     $ 1.87  

At December 31, 2008, a total of 1,239,422 options were exercisable at a weighted average price of $2.42 per share. At December 31, 2007, a total of 1,212,753 options were exercisable at a weighted average price of $2.50 per share. At December 31, 2006, a total of 810,527 options were exercisable at a weighted average price of $2.66 per share.
 
The intrinsic value of options exercised during the twelve months ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $0. The intrinsic value of options exercisable at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $0.

The following table summarizes information about employee stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2008:

   
Options Outstanding
     
Options Exercisable
Exercise Price
 
Number 
Outstanding
 
Weighted- 
Average
Remaining Life 
(Years)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
 
Number
Exercisable
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
                     
$ .17 – .52  
321,221
 
9.8
 
$
.20
 
0
 
$
0
$ .58 - 1.04  
96,000
 
9.3
 
$
.92
 
0
 
$
0
$ 1.45 - 1.71  
455,672
 
8.4
 
$
1.52
 
126,531
 
$
1.64
$ 1.97 – 2.15  
157,336
 
5.4
 
$
2.01
 
150,255
 
$
1.97
$ 2.20 – 2.49  
552,318
 
6.5
 
$
2.39
 
495,869
 
$
2.31
$ 2.62 – 2.74  
276,000
 
6.6
 
$
2.63
 
276,000
 
$
2.63
$ 3.00 – 6.51  
190,767
 
3.5
 
$
3.28
 
190,767
 
$
3.28
Total
 
2,049,314
         
1,239,422
   

The weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of options granted to employees during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $0.54 and $1.48, respectively.

18.           Employee Benefit Plan

During 1995, the Company adopted a defined contribution 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”). All U.S. based employees aged 21 years and older are eligible to become participants after the completion of 60 days employment. The Plan provides for annual contributions by the Company of 50% of employee contributions not to exceed 8% of employee compensation.  Participants may contribute up to 100% of the annual contribution limitations determined by the Internal Revenue Service.

Employees are fully vested in their share of the Company’s contributions after the completion of five years of service. In 2007, the Company made contributions of approximately $28,000 for the 2006 plan year and made contributions of approximately $75,000 for the 2007 plan year and has accrued a contribution of approximately $6,000 for the 2007 plan year which was paid in January 2008. In 2008, the Company has accrued a contribution of approximately $108,000 for the 2008 plan year which was paid in 2009.
 
93

19.           Pension Plan
 
One of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries maintains a defined benefit pension plan that provides benefits based on length of service and final average earnings. The following table sets forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the Company’s plan; amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements; and the assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the benefit obligations as of December 31:

($ in thousands)
 
2008
   
2007
 
Change in benefit obligation:
           
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
  $ 1,636     $ 1,457  
Service cost
    2       2  
Interest cost
    84       76  
Actuarial gain (loss)
    (9 )     (8 )
Effect of exchange rate changes
    (54     109  
Effect of curtailment
           
Benefits paid
           
Benefit obligation at end of year
    1,659       1,636  
                 
Change in plan assets
               
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
    497       441  
Actual return of plan assets
    14       11  
Company contributions
    47       45  
Benefits paid
           
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
    558       497  
                 
Funded status
    (1,101 )     (1,139 )
Unrecognized actuarial loss (gain)
    363       342  
Unrecognized prior service (benefit) cost
           
Additional minimum liability
    (363 )     (342 )
Unrecognized transition (asset) liability
           
Net amount recognized
    (1,101 )   $ (1,139 )
                 
The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for the
        years ended December 31 were:
               
Discount rate
    4.60 %     4.60 %
Expected return on plan assets
    4.00 %     4.00 %
Rate of compensation increase
    N/A       N/A  
                 
Plan Assets
               
Pension plan assets were comprised of the following asset categories at December 31,
               
Equity securities
    4.60 %     6.90 %
Debt securities
    92.00 %     89.50 %
Other
    3.40 %     3.60 %
Total
    100 %     100 %
                 
Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:
               
Service cost
    2       2  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligations
    84       76  
Expected return on plan assets
           
Amortization of prior service costs
           
Amortization of actuarial loss
           
Net periodic benefit costs
    86       78  
                 
The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for
        the years ended December 31, were
               
Discount rate
    4.60 %     4.60 %
Expected return on plan assets
    4.00 %     4.00 %
Rate of compensation increase
    N/A       N/A  
The following discloses information about our defined benefit pension plan that had
        an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31,
               
Projected benefit obligation
    1,659       1,636  
Accumulated benefit obligation
    1,659       1,636  
Fair value of plan assets
    558       497  
 
94

The following benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:

2009
     
2010
     
2011
     
2012
     
2013
     
2014 — 2018
    126  

The Company made contributions to the plan of approximately $40,289 during 2010.

The investment objectives for the plan are the preservation of capital, current income and long-term growth of capital. All plan assets are managed in a policyholder pool in Germany by outside investment managers. The measurement date used to determine the benefit information of the plan was January 1, 2009.

20.        SUBSEQUENT EVENTS  
 
In February 2009, the Company entered in to a secured promissory note (the ‘Note”), for Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) with a third-party lender (“the Lender”). The Note secures a credit facility for a total of up to Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000). The initial advance under the Note was One Million Dollars ($1,000,000). Subsequent advances shall be in increments of $1,000,000 and are subject to the discretion of the Lender. The Note shall bear interest at 5.0% per annum on the outstanding principal. Principal and interest was originally due June 30, 2010. The Company will also pay the Lender additional interest on the maturity date or such earlier date as may be required under the terms of the Note equal to the greater of Four Hundred Thousand Dollars ($400,000) or an amount equal to 2,000,000 multiplied by the average of the Closing prices for the Common Stock of the Company for the ten (10) trading day period immediately preceding the date of the payment of such interest payment.
 
The Note is secured by all of the assets of the Company. Under the terms of the Note, the entire outstanding balance together with all accrued interest shall be payable on (i) the maturity date (June 30, 2010), (ii) a change of control transaction, (iii) receipt by the Company of proceeds from the sale of equity or equity linked securities of the Company in excess of $2,500,000, (iv) receipt by the Company of proceeds from the issuance by the Company of any type of additional debt instruments, or upon the occurrence of an event of default under the terms of the Note.
 
In conjunction with the issuance of the Note, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 4,500,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company. The warrant has an exercise price $0.50 per share and may be exercised at any time from February 12, 2009 until February 12, 2014. Additionally, the Company entered into a Registration Rights Agreement requiring the Company to provide certain registration rights to the Lender relative to the 4,500,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company issuable pursuant to the warrant.
 
            The Company intends to use the proceeds from the Note for general working capital purposes.
 
On May 19, 2009, ImageWare Systems, Inc. formed a wholly owned subsidiary in Mexico in order to support the Company’s efforts to develop new business and service existing contracts to provide products and service in Mexico.  The Mexican subsidiary, ImageWare Mexico, S. DE R.L., is located in Mexico City and has one employee. 
 
            In June 2009, the Lender and the Company agreed to amend the Note (“Amendment No.1”) whereby the Company received a waiver of default and extension of certain date sensitive covenants contained in the Note.  As consideration for the waiver and extension, the Company issued to the Lender warrants to purchase 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $0.50 per share.  Such warrants may be exercised at any time from June 9, 2009 until June 9, 2014.  In conjunction with the June 2009 waiver and extension, the interest rate on the Note was changed to 9% per annum, retroactive to February 2009.
 
95

In June 2009, the Lender and the Company further amended the Note (“Amendment No.2”) whereby the Lender advanced the Company an additional $350,000 and amended certain terms of the Note.  As consideration for the additional advance, the Company issued to the Lender warrants to purchase 700,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $0.50 per share.  Such warrants may be exercised at any time from June 22, 2009 until June 22, 2014.  
 
            In July and August 2009, the Company undertook a series of warrant financings whereby the Company issued 2,401,075 warrants with an exercise price of $0.50 per share to incentivize certain warrant holders to exercise their existing warrant of cash.  Pursuant to this series of warrant financings, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,741,075 shares of common stock and raised approximately $1,371,000 in cash. 
 
             In July and August 2009, holders of existing warrants exercised 929,395 of their warrants pursuant to cashless exercise provisions and received 353,702 shares of common stock.
 
            In October 2009, the Lender and the Company amended the Note (“Amendment No. 3”) whereby the Lender agreed to make additional advances in an aggregate amount up to One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) to only be used for the purpose of compromising certain of the Company’s outstanding vendor payables or for paying the audit of the Company’s financial statements.  The amendment calls for the Company to repay the lender in full the amount of any and all Third Amendment Advances, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, on or before January 31, 2010.  On October 5, 2009, the Lender made an advance of $300,000 to the Company pursuant to these provisions.  As consideration for the additional advance, the Company issued to the Lender warrants to purchase 200,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $0.60 per share.  Such warrants may be exercised at any time from October 5, 2009 until October 5, 2014.  As additional consideration, the Company assigned certain patents related to discontinued product lines to the Lender with the condition that the Company would participate in future proceeds generated from efforts by the Lender to monetize the patents.
 
            On November 4, 2009, the Lender and the Company amended the Note (“Amendment No. 4”) whereby the Lender made an additional $350,000 advance (the “Additional Advance”) under the Note.  As consideration for the Additional Advance, the Company executed an assignment of all accounts receivable (the”Assignment of Receivables”) whereby the Company assigned to the Lender all of the Company’s rights, title and interest in all accounts receivable as of the date of Amendment No. 4.  In December 2009, the Company paid back the $350,000 advance plus accrued interest.  
 
 In December 2009, the Lender advanced an additional $325,000 under Amendment No.3.
 
 In January of 2010, holders of existing warrants exercised 13,120 of their warrants pursuant to cashless exercise provisions and received 5,665 shares of common stock.
 
In January of 2010, the Company issued 847,258 shares of restricted stock to members of management and the Board.  These shares will vest quarterly over a three year period.  The restricted shares were issued as compensation for the cancellation of 1,412,096 warrants held by members of management and the Board.
 
In February 2010, the Lender and the Company amended the Note “(Amendment No. 5”) whereby the Lender extended the due date of amounts due on January 31, 2010 to March 15, 2010.
 
 
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