INNODATA INC - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
106941
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
(Mark
One)
x
Annual
report under section 13 or 15(d)
of the
securities exchange act of 1934
For
the fiscal year ended December
31, 2007
o
Transition
report under section 13 or 15(d)
of the
securities exchange act of 1934
Commission
file number
0-22196
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
13-3475943
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
incorporation
or organization)
|
Three
University Plaza
|
|
Hackensack,
New Jersey
|
07601
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(201)
371-2828
|
|
(Registrant's
telephone number)
|
Securities
registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
Title
of Each Class
|
Name
of Each Exchange on Which Registered
|
|
Common
Stock $.01 par value
|
The
Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC
|
Securities
registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes
o
No
þ
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o
No
þ
Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
past twelve months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes þNo
o
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
Form 10-K. þ
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See
definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act.
Large
accelerated filer o
Accelerated
filer þNon-accelerated
filer o
Smaller
reporting company o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
o
No þ
The
aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates
of the registrant (based on the closing price reported on the Nasdaq Stock
Market on June 30, 2007) was $94,761,108.
The
number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $.01 par value,
as of February 29, 2008 was 24,725,791.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be held on June 5, 2008 are incorporated by reference in Items
10,11,12,13 and 14 of Part III of this Form 10-K.
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC
Form
10-K
For
the Year Ended December 31, 2007
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Page
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Part
I
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Item
1.
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Business
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1
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Item
1A.
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Risk
Factors
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9
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Item
1B.
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Unresolved
Staff Comments
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13
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Item
2.
|
Properties
|
13
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Item
3.
|
Legal
Proceedings
|
13
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Item
4.
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Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
|
14
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Part
II
|
|
Item
5.
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Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
|
15
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Item
6.
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Selected
Financial Data
|
16
|
Item
7.
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Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
|
18
|
Item
7A.
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Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks
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30
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Item
8.
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Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
|
31
|
Item
9.
|
Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
|
31
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Item
9A.
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Controls
and Procedures
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31
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Report
of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
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31
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Item
9B.
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Other
Information
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32
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Part
III
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||
Item
10.
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Directors
and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
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33
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Item
11.
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Executive
Compensation
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33
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Item
12.
|
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
|
33
|
Item
13.
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Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence
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33
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Item
14.
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Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
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33
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Part
IV
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||
Item
15.
|
Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K
|
34
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Signatures
|
35
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PART
I
Disclosures
in this Form 10-K contain certain forward-looking statements, including without
limitation, statements concerning our operations, economic performance, and
financial condition. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to
the
safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
The words “estimate,” “believe,” “expect,” and “anticipate” and other similar
expressions generally identify forward-looking statements, which speak only
as
of their dates.
These
forward-looking statements are based largely on our current expectations, and
are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including without
limitation, continuing revenue concentration in a limited number of clients,
continuing reliance on project-based work, worsening of market conditions,
changes in external market factors, the ability and willingness of our clients
and prospective clients to execute business plans which give rise to
requirements for digital content and professional services in knowledge
processing, difficulty in integrating and deriving synergies from acquisitions,
potential undiscovered liabilities of companies that we acquire, changes in
our
business or growth strategy, the emergence of new or growing competitors,
various other competitive and technological factors, and other risks and
uncertainties set forth under “Risk Factors.”
Our
actual results could differ materially from the results referred to in the
forward-looking statements. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there
can
be no assurance that the results referred to in the forward-looking statements
contained in this release will occur.
We
undertake no obligation to update or review any guidance or other
forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future
developments or otherwise.
Item
1. Description of Business.
Business
Overview
We
provide knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) services, as well as publishing
and
related information technology (IT) services,
that
help leading media, publishing and information services companies create, manage
and maintain their products. We also provide our services to companies in other
information-intensive industries, such as information technology, manufacturing,
aerospace, defense, government, law and intelligence.
We
help
our
clients lower costs, realize productivity gains and improve operations, enabling
them to compete more effectively in demanding global markets.
Our
publishing services include digitization, conversion, composition, data modeling
and XML encoding. Our KPO services include research & analysis, authoring,
copy-editing, abstracting, indexing and other content creation activities.
We
often combine publishing services and KPO services within a single client
engagement, providing an end-to-end content supply chain solution.
Our
staff
of IT systems professionals design, implement, integrate and deploy systems
and
technologies used to improve the efficiency of authoring, managing and
distributing content.
We
use a
distributed global resource model. Our onshore workforce (consisting of
consultants, information architects, solution architects, and program managers)
works from our North American and European offices, as well as from client
sites. Our distributed global workforce (consisting of encoders, graphic
artists, project managers, programmers, and data architects performing
publishing services, and advanced degree holders such as physicians, attorneys,
MBAs and engineers who perform our KPO services) deliver those services from
our
ten offshore facilities in India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Israel.
1
For
fiscal 2007, our revenue was $67.7 million, representing an increase of 65%
over
2006, and our net income was $4.6 million, as compared to a net loss in 2006
of
$7.3 million.
Services
that we anticipate a client will require for an indefinite period generate
what
we regard as recurring revenues. Services that terminate upon completion of
a
defined task generate what we regard as project, or non-recurring, revenues.
Approximately 61%, 61% and 58% of our revenues were recurring in the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
In
2007,
we provided our services to approximately 140 clients’ primarily in four
content-intensive sectors:
·
|
Media,
publishing and information services, including clients such as EBSCO
and
Reed Elsevier;
|
·
|
Defense
and aerospace, including clients such as Hamilton Sundstrand and
Lockheed
Martin;
|
·
|
Government
and advanced programs, including clients such as the Defense Intelligence
Agency and the Financial Accounting Standards Board;
and
|
·
|
Commercial
and technology, including clients such as Alcatel-Lucent and
Nortel.
|
Our
business is organized and managed around three vectors: a vertical industry
focus, a horizontal service/process focus, and a focus on supportive operations.
Our
vertically-aligned groups understand our clients’ businesses and strategic
initiatives and are able to help them meet their goals. With respect to media,
publishing and information services, for example, we have continued to hire
experts out of that sector to establish solutions and services tailored to
companies in that sector. They work with many of the world’s leading media,
publishing and information services companies, dealing with challenges involving
new product creation, product maintenance, digitization, content management
and
content creation.
Our
service/process-aligned groups are comprised of engineering and delivery
personnel responsible for creating the most efficient and cost-effective custom
workflows. These workflows integrate proprietary and third-party technologies,
while harnessing the benefits of a globally distributed workforce. They are
responsible for executing our client engagements in accordance with our
service-level agreements and ensuring client satisfaction.
Our
support groups are responsible for managing a diverse group of enabling
functions, including human resources and recruiting, global technology
infrastructure and physical infrastructure and facilities.
In
2007,
the Company reorganized its management and reporting structure into one
operating segment. Refer to “Management Discussion and Analysis” for further
information.
Our
Opportunity
Media,
publishing and information services companies, as well as companies in other
content-intensive sectors, are increasingly seeking ways to reduce content
costs
as well as to accelerate delivery times and improve quality. Increasingly,
they
view outsourcing, along with technology and process re-engineering, as crucial
strategies for accomplishing these objectives.
2
The
trend
toward outsourcing has accelerated in recent years. Businesses are outsourcing
their internal processes – often to offshore providers – to improve productivity
and manage costs.
By
leveraging offshore talent, companies are increasingly boosting their
profits,
productivity, quality levels, business value and performance. As outsourcing
to
offshore providers has become more accepted, a growing number of organizations
have become more confident in making the decision to outsource business
operations to Asia and other high-value labor markets. Moreover, the notion
of
what can be outsourced and the benefits that can be achieved via outsourcing
continue to expand. Client demands are evolving toward higher value-added and
more complex services,
including research
& analysis, editorial tasks and other knowledge-based functions. This trend
is driven by competitive pressures as well as by advances in technology.
The
KPO
market is in its formative stages, but is expected to become quite large.
Overall demand is expected to range in the tens of billions of dollars within
the next decade.
An
increasing number of companies are outsourcing high-end knowledge work as they
seek to gain cost-savings and operational efficiencies and access the highly
talented workforce in countries such as the Philippines and India. Universities
in those countries are graduating thousands of qualified lawyers, doctors and
scientists each year. As technology makes it possible to move vast amounts
of
data across the globe at relatively low cost, it is now quite cost effective
for
companies to tap into this labor pool.
With
respect to information and content processes, there is growing awareness that
labor cost reduction is only part of the solution. Advances in technologies
for
creating, managing, finding, sharing and delivering content (including text
analytics, semantic technologies and search technologies) have enabled what
were
previously manual tasks to become either fully or partially
automated.
As
a
result, content-driven companies, like media, publishing and information
services companies, are increasingly relying on service providers, such as
Innodata Isogen, to provide both outsourcing and related IT services.
To
meet
this demand, we have assembled dedicated teams of scientists, doctors, lawyers
and other subject matter experts, armed with an in-depth understanding of
complex technical material. For increasing numbers of clients, we are becoming
an extended part of their work teams, helping them enhance and create content,
write technical documentation and deliver research
and analysis services utilizing global resources as well as advanced
technologies.
Our
Services
We
believe that we have developed an effective set of core competencies that enable
us to help information-intensive companies reduce their operating costs, realize
benefits of scale and flexible cost structures and achieve significant process
improvements. Our business model combines a global offshore staff, on-site
staff
and technologists who integrate internally-developed and best-in-class third
party products to continually improve the efficiency of our processes.
We
provide a broad and expanding range of publishing services, knowledge process
outsourcing services and engineering and consulting services.
Publishing
Services – Our
publishing services include activities such as digitization, conversion,
composition, data modeling and XML encoding. Typically, we bill clients for
services based upon the units of information we produce and deliver.
For
example, we are helping several publishers take advantage of the growing
interest in eBooks. We are digitizing and converting thousands of books into
an
eBook-ready format for a global electronics manufacturer that has recently
launched a new digital reading device for consumers.
3
We
are
also helping leading publishers of scientific, technical and medical journals
aggregate content, copy-edit author submissions and compose journal pages for
both online and print publication. For one such publisher, seeking to build
one
of the world’s largest databases of scientific journal citations and references,
we created records of nearly 15,000 journal titles going back almost 13 years,
encoded in a way that supports integrated web searches and seamless linking.
Knowledge
Processing Outsourcing (KPO) Services–
Our
KPO
services specifically target processes that demand advanced information analysis
and interpretation, as well as judgment and decision-making. For information
and
media companies, these services include content creation and enhancement,
analytics, taxonomy and controlled vocabulary development, hyperlinking,
indexing, abstracting, technical writing and editing, copy-editing and general
editorial services, including the provision of synopses and annotations. These
services cover a wide spectrum of disciplines, including medicine, law,
engineering, management, finance, science and the humanities. To provide these
services, we have organized knowledge teams that consist of educated and highly
trained people with expertise in relevant subjects. We typically price our
knowledge services based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized.
For
example, we support several providers of medical informatics products and
clinical decision support systems. Our physicians and health care professionals
create content for these systems by analyzing the latest medical journal
articles and conference proceedings.
In
many
of our engagements, we perform end-to-end services that combine publishing
and
KPO services, using advanced technologies, to provide fully outsourced content
supply chain solutions. For example, under a long-term engagement, we maintain
a
leading bibliographic citations database, managing, on behalf of our client,
a
continuing production process in which we first aggregate, digitize and convert
data from multiple sources and then have healthcare professionals perform
analyses of the data and create derivative data for inclusion in the client
database. Our engineering staff continues to drive the automation of several
of
these underlying processes.
We
are
also using our KPO delivery capabilities that we use to support information
companies as a springboard to enable us to enter new markets and provide new
services. For example, we are using our legal subject matter experts who deliver
KPO services to media, publishing and information services companies to also
provide select KPO services – such as research and document review – to
corporate law offices and law firms.
In
2007,
we launched two new KPO services: research & analysis and technical writing.
For research & analysis projects, we form dedicated teams of subject matter
experts to provide expert research and analysis on a wide range of topics,
from
media analysis and medical studies to technical patent submissions and reports
on energy markets. We provide everything from sophisticated market and
competitive research to detailed financial and trend analysis.
For
example, we are helping a leading
publisher
provide
detailed information on patents to its subscribers – executives at Fortune 500
companies and inventors and scientists at leading research institutes. We are
also helping a leading information
services provider
deliver
critical news to executives in several industries. We
put in
place a streamlined process and an advanced set of tools to
enable
our employees to monitor incoming news, select relevant stories and write daily
summaries, which we then post directly to our client’s website.
We
are
also building upon our extensive experience in technical documentation to
provide outsourcing services for corporate technical writing teams. Most
departments responsible for delivering vital technical information about
products or services are also under increasing pressure to cut costs. We offer
them the ability to blend internal and external resources by basing key staff
at
headquarters while pushing content development to offshore locations. In this
way, we deliver cost savings to our clients, enabling them to provide better
documentation and improve efficiency and productivity.
4
As
an
example, we are currently providing technical writing services for a leading
global technology manufacturer. We have expanded our team from five resources
to
more than 30, which include project managers, writers and editors who work
from
multiple locations across China, the Philippines and the United States.
Co-locating technical documentation teams in both China and the Philippines
has
eased the collaboration process and helped the company establish a stronger
working relationship between its engineers and the writing team. Just as
important, our outsourcing team is helping the company continue to generate
quality documentation – ensuring that our client’s customers use the products
effectively – while also reducing overall costs.
Technology
Services —
Both
our publishing services and KPO services are supported by our technology
engineering teams, comprised of solution architects, analysts, programmers
and
systems integrators. A
number
of our engineering staff have played leadership roles in the development of
structured information standards such as Standard General Markup Language
(SGML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), as well as XML-based standards such
as
Darwin Typing Information Architecture (DITA) and S1000D.
Our
technologists build the workflow and tools that we utilize internally for
projects that we perform for clients on an outsourced basis. They also provide
services directly to clients.
Their
role in outsourced projects is to improve efficiency and quality. They
continually design and develop productivity tools to automate manual processes
and improve the consistency and quality of our work product. These tools include
categorization engines that utilize pattern recognition algorithms based on
comprehensive rule sets and related heuristics, data extraction tools that
automatically retrieve specific types of information from large data sources,
and workflow systems that enable various tasks and activities to be performed
across our multiple facilities.
When
working directly for clients, our engineers provide IT services (which include
systems integration, custom application development, applications maintenance,
tool evaluation and training) which are typically provided on a project basis
that does not generate significant amounts of recurring revenue. Clients who
use
their services typically require publishing, performance support or process
automation systems that enable information to be created, managed and
distributed utilizing the most cost efficient and effective technologies. For
example, the world’s leading software company recently selected our staff to
help create automated processes for reducing the cost of creating online help
information. Our engineering staff created the systems that are used by one
of
the world’s largest IT companies to create and publish multi-lingual product and
technical information. It also collaborated with Lockheed Martin to build a
content management system and digital asset management system for the F-35
Joint
Strike Fighter program. For a leading electronic publisher of financial data,
it
automated the process of extracting and normalizing detailed financial
information from public company filings. Our staff define client requirements
(often working on-site at clients during this process), write specifications
and
design, develop, test and integrate technologies. Projects vary in size and
duration.
For
an
outsourced project for a $10 billion information services company, our
engineering staff is developing a machine-aided indexing solution that uses
lemmatization (the process that determines the most crucial term in a sentence
to reflect its meaning and context) and semantically-driven natural language
analysis to deliver precision and recall at 95% accuracy. Once the text is
tokenized or assigned value according to the words in a particular sentence,
a
set of rules and linguistic filters are then used to identify candidate term
phrases within the text. The system also extracts terms and ranks them based
on
the decreasing likelihood of accuracy against a thesaurus that applies simple
string matching. This automation enables us to add millions of additional topics
to the publisher’s database, which may then be further enhanced by our science
KPO team.
Consulting
Services —
Our publishing services and KPO services are also supported by our consulting
staff, who collaborate with clients in analyzing their publishing and business
environments, identifying opportunities for optimization and creating roadmaps
for significant cost savings and productivity improvement. Their expertise
includes offshoring strategy, technology strategy and business process
re-engineering related to information and content creation, management and
distribution.
5
For
example, our consulting staff is working with one of the world’s largest special
interest publishers, helping it create an optimized content processing function
drawing upon outsourced services and the latest content technologies. With
more
than 3,000 titles in print, the client desires an end-to-end publishing solution
that addresses its current and anticipated requirements for print and online
publishing.
A
leading
$5 billion global information services company engaged our consulting group
to
help re-engineer internal processes and provide recommendations regarding
outsourcing tasks and activities presently performed in-house. The team
performed a detailed as-is analysis and collaborated with the client in
developing a future-state solution that specifically supported the ability
to
re-purpose content, using existing content to develop new information
products.
Clients
In
2007,
we provided our services to approximately 140 clients.
Our
top
four clients generated approximately 61%, 54% and 53% of our revenues in the
fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Revenues
from
clients located in foreign countries (principally in Europe) accounted for
23%,
37% and 35% of our total revenues for each of these respective fiscal years.
We
have
long standing relationships with many of our clients. We have been continually
providing services to our top four clients for over seven years. Approximately
95% of clients are recurring clients, meaning that they have continued to
provide additional projects to us after their initial engagement. Our track
record of delivering high quality services helps us to solidify client
relationships and gain increased business from our existing clients. As a
result, our history of client retention enables us to derive a significant
proportion of revenue from repeat clients.
A
substantial portion of the services we provide to our clients is subject solely
to their needs. Our agreements with clients are in most cases terminable on
30
to 90 days' notice and are typically subject to client
requirements.
Competitive
Strengths
Our
vertical expertise.
We are primarily focused on the media, publishing and information services
vertical market. We maintain a staff of highly skilled experts to provide a
range of end-to-end business solutions. In addition, we utilize our underlying
domain experts in law, medicine, finance and engineering to provide additional
value-added KPO services directly to these sectors.
Our
global delivery model.
We have operations in seven countries in North America, Europe and Asia. We
provide services to our clients through a comprehensive global delivery model
that integrates both local and global resources to obtain the best economic
results. For example, we create high-end website content using teams from India,
the Philippines and Israel that together constitute a global workflow. We use
a
similar approach in providing technical writing services to a large
telecommunications company, virtually joining resources from the United States,
the Philippines and China. Our offshore outsourcing centers are ISO 9001:2000
certified and our engineering and IT facility in Noida meets ISO/IEC
27001:2005 specifications.
6
Our
proven track record and reputation.
By consistently providing high quality services, we have achieved a track record
of project successes. This track record is embodied by our reputation as a
leader in the KPO marketplace, especially within the media, publishing and
information services sector. This reputation or brand provides an assurance
of
expertise, quality execution and risk mitigation.
Our
focus on technology and engineering.
Rather than simply relying on labor cost arbitrage to create value for clients,
our engineering team optimizes efficiency by integrating proprietary and
best-in-class third party tools into our workflows. In addition, our engineering
team provides work directly to our clients, helping them achieve better improved
efficiencies within their own operations.
Our
long-term relationships with clients. We have long-term
relationships with many of our clients, who frequently retain us for additional
projects after a successful initial engagement. In 2007, existing clients from
prior years generated more than 98% of our revenues. We believe there are
significant opportunities for additional growth with our existing clients,
and
we seek to expand these relationships by increasing the depth and breadth of
the
services we provide. This strategy allows us to use our in-depth client-specific
knowledge to provide more fully integrated KPO services and develop closer
relationships with those clients.
Our
ability to scale.
We have demonstrated the ability to expand our teams and facilities to meet
the
needs of our clients. By virtue of the significant numbers of professional
staff
working on projects, we are able to build teams for new engagements quickly.
We
have also demonstrated the ability to hire and train people
quickly.
Our
internal infrastructure.
We utilize established facilities, technology and communications infrastructure
to support our business model. We
own
and operate some of the most advanced content production facilities in the
world, which are linked by multi-redundant data connections. Our Wide Area
Network – along with our Local Area Networks, Storage Area Networks and data
centers – is configured with full redundancy, often with more than one backup to
ensure 24x7 availability. Our infrastructure is built to accommodate
advanced tools, processes and technologies that support our content and
technical experts.
Our
focus on quality.
We believe strongly in quality throughout our organization. We maintain
independent quality assurance capabilities in all geographies where we operate.
Our quality teams are compliant and certified to the ISO 9000:2000 quality
management system standards.
Sales
and Marketing
We
market
and sell our services directly through our professional staff, senior management
and direct sales personnel operating out of our corporate headquarters outside
New York City, our Dallas office and our Paris office. We have four
executive-level business development and marketing professionals, and during
2007, we maintained approximately 15 full-time sales and marketing personnel.
We
also
deploy solutions architects, technical support experts and consultants who
support the development of new clients and new client engagements. These
resources work within teams (both permanent and ad hoc) that provide support
to
clients.
Our
sales
professionals identify and qualify prospects, securing direct personal access
to
decision makers at existing and prospective clients. They facilitate
interactions between client personnel and our service teams to better define
ways in which we can assist clients with their goals. For each prospective
client engagement, we assemble a team of our senior employees drawn from various
disciplines within our company. The team members assume assigned roles in a
formalized process, using their combined knowledge and experience to understand
the client’s goals and collaborate with the client on a solution.
Sales
activities include the design and generation of presentations and proposals,
account and client relationship management and the organization of account
activities.
Personnel
from our project analysis group and our engineering services group closely
support our direct sales effort. These individuals assist the sales force in
understanding the technical needs of clients and providing responses to these
needs, including demonstrations, prototypes, pricing quotations and time
estimates. In addition, account managers from our customer service group support
our direct sales effort by providing ongoing project-level support to our
clients.
7
Our
marketing organization is responsible for developing and increasing the
visibility and awareness of our brand and our service offerings, defining and
communicating our value proposition, generating qualified, early-stage leads
and
furnishing effective sales support tools.
Primary
marketing outreach activities include event marketing (including exhibiting
at
trade shows, conferences and seminars), direct and database marketing; public
and media relations (including speaking engagements and active participation
in
industry and technical standard bodies), and web marketing (including integrated
marketing campaigns, search engine optimization, search engine marketing and
the
maintenance and continued development of external websites).
Research
and Development
In
2006
and 2005, we spent approximately $922,000 and $770,000, respectively, on
research and development. We did not incur any research and development costs
in
2007.
Competition
The
market for publishing services and related KPO and IT services is highly
competitive, fragmented and intense. Our major competitors include SPI
Technologies, Apex CoVantage, Aptara, Thomson Digital, MacMillan India, Satyam
and Cenveo.
We
believe that we compete successfully by offering high quality services and
favorable pricing that
leverages our technical skills, IT infrastructure, process knowledge, offshore
model and economies of scale. Our competitive advantages are especially
attractive to clients for undertakings that are technically sophisticated,
require “high-end” talent, are sizable in scope or scale, are continuing, or
that require a highly fail-safe environment with technology redundancy.
As
a
provider of these services, we also compete with in-house personnel at existing
or prospective clients who may attempt to duplicate our services in-house.
Locations
We
are
headquartered in Hackensack, New Jersey, just outside New York City. We have
additional offices in Dallas, Texas, Paris, France and Beijing, China. We have
ten production facilities in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel.
We
were incorporated in Delaware in 1988.
Employees
As
of
December 31, 2007, we employed 68 persons in the United States and Europe and
approximately 7700 persons in ten
production facilities in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel. Most
of
our employees have graduated from at least a two-year college program. Many
of
our employees hold advanced degrees in law, business, technology, medicine
and
social sciences. No employees are currently represented by a labor union, and
we
believe that our relations with our employees are satisfactory.
Corporate
Information
Our
principal executive offices are located at Three University Plaza, Hackensack,
New Jersey 07601, and our telephone number is (201) 371-2828. Our website is
www.innodata-isogen.com,
and
information contained on our website is not included as a part of, or
incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. There we make
available, free of charge, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports
on
Form 10-Q, current report on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports
as
soon as reasonably practical after we electronically file that material with
or
furnish it to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Our SEC reports
can
be obtained through the Investor Relations section of our website or from the
Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov.
8
Item
1A. Risk Factors.
We
have historically relied on a very limited number of clients that have accounted
for a significant portion of our revenues and our results of operations could
be
adversely affected if we lose one or more of these significant
clients.
We
have
historically relied on a very limited number of clients that have accounted
for
a significant portion of our revenues. Our top four clients generated
approximately 61%, 54% and 53% of our revenues in the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We may lose any of these or
our
other major clients as a result of our failure to meet or satisfy our clients’
requirements, the completion or termination of a project or engagement, or
the
selection of another service provider.
In
addition, the volume of work performed for our major clients may vary from
year
to year and services they require from us may change from year to year. If
the
volume of work performed for our major clients varies of if the services they
require from us change, our revenues and results of operations could be
adversely affected and we may incur a loss from operations. Our services are
typically subject to client requirements, and in most cases are terminable
upon
30 to 90 days’ notice.
A
significant portion of our services is provided on a non-recurring basis for
specific projects, and our inability to replace large projects when they are
completed has adversely affected, and could in the future adversely affect,
our
revenues and results of operations.
We
provide a portion of our services for specific projects that generate revenues
that terminate on completion of a defined task and we regard these revenues
as
non-recurring. Non-recurring revenues derived from these project-based
arrangements accounted for approximately 39%, 39% and 42% of our total revenues
in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. While
we seek wherever possible to counterbalance periodic declines in revenues on
completion of large projects with new arrangements to provide services to the
same client or others, our inability to obtain sufficient new projects to
counterbalance any decreases in such work may adversely affect our future
revenues and results of operations.
A
large portion of our accounts receivable is payable by a limited number of
clients; the inability of any of these clients to pay its accounts receivable
would adversely affect our results of operations.
Several
significant clients account for a large percentage of our accounts receivable.
As of December 31, 2007, 50% or $5.3 million, of our accounts
receivable was due from one client. If any of these clients were unable, or
refuse, for any reason, to pay our accounts receivable, our results of
operations would be adversely affected.
Quarterly
fluctuations in our results of operations could make financial forecasting
difficult and could negatively affect our stock price.
We
have
experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant fluctuations
in
our quarterly revenues and results of operations. During the past eight
quarters, our net income ranged from a loss of approximately $3.0 million
to a profit of approximately $2.2 million.
9
Our
quarterly operating results are also subject to certain seasonal fluctuations.
We generally experience lower revenue in the first quarter as we replace
projects that were brought to end in the fourth quarter and we begin new
projects, which may have some normal start up delays during the first quarter.
These and other seasonal factors may contribute to fluctuations in our results
of operations from quarter to quarter.
A
high
percentage of our operating expenses, particularly personnel and rent, are
relatively fixed in advance of any particular quarter. As a result,
unanticipated variations in the number and timing of our projects or in employee
wage levels and utilization rates may cause us to significantly underutilize
our
production capacity and employees, resulting in significant variations in our
operating results in any particular quarter, and could result in
losses.
We
compete in highly competitive markets that have low barriers to
entry.
The
markets for our services are highly competitive and fragmented. We may not
be
able to compete successfully against our competitors in the future. Some of
our
competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater financial,
human, technical and other resources and greater name recognition than we do.
If
we fail to be competitive with these companies in the future, we may lose market
share, which could adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
There
are
relatively few barriers preventing companies from competing with us. We do
not
own any patented technology that would preclude or inhibit others from entering
our market. As a result, new market entrants also pose a threat to our business.
We also compete with in-house personnel at current and prospective clients,
who
may attempt to duplicate our services using their own personnel. We cannot
assure you that our clients will outsource more of their needs to us in the
future, or that they will not choose to provide internally the services that
they currently obtain from us. If we are not able to compete effectively, our
revenues and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We
are the subject of continuing litigation, including litigation by certain of
our
former employees.
We
are
subject to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary
course of business. In addition, in connection with the cessation of all
operations at certain of our foreign subsidiaries, certain former employees
have
filed various actions against one of our Philippine subsidiaries and have
purported also to sue us and certain of our officers and directors. An
unfavorable ruling in any of these proceedings could adversely affect our
financial condition and results of operations. See “Legal Proceedings."
Our
international operations subject us to risks inherent in doing business on
an
international level, any of which could increase our costs and hinder our
growth.
The
major
part of our operations is carried on in the Philippines, India and Sri Lanka,
while our headquarters are in the United States and our clients are primarily
located in North America and Europe. While we do not depend on revenues from
sources internal to the countries in which we operate, we are nevertheless
subject to certain adverse economic factors relating to overseas economies
generally, including inflation, external debt, a negative balance of trade
and
underemployment. Other risks associated with our international business
activities include:
• |
difficulties
in staffing international projects and managing international operations,
including overcoming logistical and communications challenges;
|
• |
local
competition, particularly in the Philippines, India and Sri Lanka;
|
• |
imposition
of public sector controls;
|
10
• |
trade
and tariff restrictions;
|
• |
price
or exchange controls;
|
• |
currency
control regulations;
|
• |
foreign
tax consequences;
|
• |
labor
disputes and related litigation and liability;
|
• |
limitations
on repatriation of earnings; and
|
• |
the
burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws and regulations.
|
One
or
more of these factors could adversely affect our business and results of
operations.
Our
international operations subject us to currency exchange fluctuations, which
could adversely affect our results of operations.
To
date,
most of our revenues have been denominated in U.S. dollars, while a significant
portion of our expenses, primarily labor expenses in the Philippines, India
and
Sri Lanka, is incurred in the local currencies of countries in which we operate.
For financial reporting purposes, we translate all non-United States denominated
transactions into dollars in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States. As a result, we are exposed to the risk that
fluctuations in the value of these currencies relative to the dollar could
increase the dollar cost of our operations and therefore adversely affect our
results of operations.
The
Philippines has historically experienced high rates of inflation and major
fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Philippine peso and the U.S.
dollar. Continuing inflation without a corresponding devaluation of the peso
against the dollar, or any other increase in the value of the peso relative
to
the dollar, could adversely affect our results of operations.
There
is
no guarantee that our financial results will not be adversely affected by
currency exchange rate fluctuations or that any efforts by us to engage in
foreign currency hedging activities would be effective. Finally, as most of
our
expenses are incurred in currencies other than those in which we bill for the
related services and any increase in the value of certain foreign currencies,
against the U.S. Dollar could increase our operating costs.
New
regulation of the Internal Revenue Service may impose significant U.S. income
taxes on our subsidiaries in the Philippines.
Our
subsidiaries incorporated in the Philippines were domesticated in Delaware
as
limited liability companies. In August 2004, the Internal Revenue Service
promulgated regulations, effective August 12, 2004, that treat certain
companies incorporated in foreign jurisdictions and also domesticated as
Delaware limited liability companies as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal
income tax purposes. We have effected certain filings with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware to ensure that these subsidiaries are no longer
domesticated in Delaware. As a result, commencing January 1, 2005,
these subsidiaries are not treated as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income
tax purposes under the regulations and are not subject to U.S. federal income
taxes commencing as of such date.
In
the
preamble to such regulations, the I.R.S. expressed its view that dual registered
companies described in the preceding sentence are also treated as U.S.
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes for periods prior to August
12, 2004. In 2006, the IRS issued its final regulations, stating that neither
the temporary regulations nor these final regulations are retroactive. Further,
additional guidance was released by the IRS which clarified that the regulations
upon which we relied were not binding on pre-existing entities until May 2006.
For periods prior to this date these final regulations apply (i.e., prior to
August 12, 2004) and the classification of dually chartered entities is governed
by the pre-existing regulations. As such, we believe that our historic treatment
of these subsidiaries as not having been required to pay taxes in the United
States for the period prior to August 12, 2004 is correct, and we have made
no
provision for U.S. taxes in its financial statements for these entities for
the
periods prior to August 12, 2004.
11
However,
we cannot assure you that the Internal Revenue Service will not assert other
positions with respect to the foregoing matters, including positions with
respect to our treatment of the tax consequences of the termination of the
status of our Philippine subsidiaries as Delaware limited liability companies
that, if successful, could increase materially our liability for U.S. federal
income taxes.
If
certain tax authorities in North America and Europe challenge the manner in
which we allocate our profits, our net income will
decrease.
Substantially
all of the services provided by our Asian subsidiaries are performed on behalf
of clients based in North America and Europe. We believe that profits from
our
Asian operations are not sufficiently connected to jurisdictions in North
America or Europe to give rise to income taxation in those jurisdictions. Tax
authorities in any of our jurisdictions could, however, challenge the manner
in
which we allocate our profits among our subsidiaries, and we may not prevail
in
this type of challenge. If such a challenge were successful, our worldwide
effective tax rate could increase, thereby decreasing our net income.
An
expiration or termination of our current tax holidays could adversely affect
our
results of operations.
We
currently benefit from income tax holiday incentives in the Philippines, India
and Sri Lanka which provide that we pay reduced income taxes in those
jurisdictions for a fixed period of time that varies depending on the
jurisdiction. An expiration or termination of our current tax holidays could
substantially increase our worldwide effective tax rate, thereby decreasing
our
net income and adversely affecting our results of operations. The income tax
holiday of one of our Philippine subsidiaries will expire in May
2008.
Regional
instability in the Philippines, India and Sri Lanka could adversely affect
business conditions in those regions, which could disrupt our operations and
adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We
conduct a majority of our operations in the Philippines, India and Sri Lanka.
These operations remain vulnerable to political unrest. Political instability
could adversely affect the legal environment for our business activities in
those regions.
In
particular, the Philippines have experienced ongoing problems with insurgents.
The Abu Sayyaf group of kidnappers, which is purported to have ties to the
Al
Qaeda terrorist organization, is concentrated on Basilan Island. While Basilan
Island is not near our facilities and the government of the Philippines has
taken action to eradicate this group, we cannot assure you that these efforts
will be successful or that the Abu Sayyaf group will not attempt to disrupt
activities or commit terrorist acts in other areas of the Philippines or South
Asia.
While
the
threat of military confrontation between India and Pakistan in Kashmir has
receded, political uncertainty in Pakistan may have spill over effects to its
relationship with India. Further, the government of Sri Lanka has
terminated the Norwegian-brokered ceasefire with its rebels and there are
concerns that hostilities may escalate.
12
Further
political tensions and an escalation in these hostilities could adversely
affect
our operations based in India, the Philippines and Sri Lanka and therefore
adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
Terrorist
attacks or a war could adversely affect our results of
operations.
Terrorist
attacks, such as the attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States,
and other acts of violence or war, such as the conflict in Iraq, could affect
us
or our clients by disrupting normal business practices for extended periods
of
time and reducing business confidence. In addition, these attacks may make
travel more difficult and may effectively curtail our ability to serve our
clients' needs, any of which could adversely affect our results of operations.
It
is unlikely that we will pay dividends.
We
have
not paid any cash dividends since our inception and do not anticipate paying
any
cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We expect that our earnings, if any,
will be used to finance our growth.
Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None
Item
2. Properties.
Our
services are primarily performed from our Hackensack, New Jersey headquarters,
our Dallas, Texas office, and nine overseas facilities, all of which are leased.
In addition, we have a technology and tools development facility in Gurgaon,
India, which is also leased. The square footage of all our leased properties
is
approximately 450,000. Rental payments on property leases were approximately
$2.5 million in 2007.
We
currently lease property sufficient for our business operations, although we
may
need to lease additional property in the future. We also believe that we will
be
able to obtain suitable additional facilities on commercially reasonable terms
on an “as needed” basis.
Item
3. Legal Proceedings.
In
connection with the cessation of operations in 2002 at certain Philippine
subsidiaries, and the failure in 2001 to arrive at agreeable terms for a
collective bargaining agreement with one of these subsidiaries, certain former
employees and the Innodata Employee Association (IDEA) filed various actions
against subsidiaries of Innodata Isogen, Inc., and also purportedly against
Innodata Isogen, Inc. and certain of the Company’s officers and directors. The
Supreme Court of the Republic of the Philippines, Manila (Case No. G.R. No.
178603-04 Innodata Philippines, Inc. vs. Innodata Employees Association, et
al.
10 September 2007) has refused to review a decision in these actions by a lower
appellate court (Court Of Appeals of the Republic of the Philippines in Manila,
Case Nos. CA-G.R. SP No. 93295 Innodata Employees Association (IDEA), Eleanor
Tolentino, et al. vs. Innodata Philippines, Inc., et al., and CA-G.R. SP No.
90538 Innodata Philippines, Inc. vs. Honorable Acting Secretary Manuel G. Imson,
et al 28 June 2007) against one of these subsidiaries in the Philippines that
is
inactive and has no material assets, and purportedly also against Innodata
Isogen, Inc., that orders the reinstatement of certain former employees to
their
former positions and payment of back wages and benefits that aggregate
approximately $7.5 million. A motion filed by the Philippine subsidiary with
the
Supreme Court to reconsider the refusal of the Supreme Court to review the
decision of the lower appellate court was denied by the Supreme Court, and
the
Philippine subsidiary has filed a second motion with the Supreme Court to
reconsider the refusal of the Supreme Court to review the decision of the lower
appellate court. All other Company affiliates were found by the lower appellate
court to have no liability. Based on consultation with legal counsel, the
Company believes that should the order of the lower appellate court be upheld,
recovery against Innodata Isogen, Inc. would nevertheless be
unlikely.
13
The
Company is also subject to various legal
proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of
business.
While
management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings
will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or
overall trends in results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent
uncertainties. Substantial recovery against the Company in the above referenced
Philippines actions could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and
unfavorable rulings or recoveries in the other proceedings could have a material
adverse impact on the operating results of the period in which the ruling or
recovery occurs.
Item
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None
14
PART
II
Item
5. Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant’s Common Equity and Related
Stockholder Matters.
Innodata
Isogen, Inc. (the “Company”) Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National
Market System under the symbol “INOD.” On February 29, 2008, there were 103
stockholders of record of the Company’s Common Stock based on information
provided by the Company's transfer agent. Virtually all of the Company’s
publicly held shares are held in “street name” and the Company believes the
actual number of beneficial holders of its Common Stock to be approximately
3,760.
The
following table sets forth the high and low sales prices on a quarterly basis
for the Company's Common Stock, as reported on Nasdaq, for the two years ended
December 31, 2007.
Common
Stock
|
|||||||
Sale
Prices
|
|||||||
2006
|
High
|
Low
|
|||||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
4.05
|
$
|
2.35
|
|||
Second
Quarter
|
3.06
|
2.06
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
2.48
|
1.53
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
2.41
|
1.61
|
|||||
2007
|
High
|
Low
|
|||||
First
Quarter
|
$
|
3.75
|
$
|
1.95
|
|||
Second
Quarter
|
4.25
|
2.55
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
4.30
|
2.56
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
6.38
|
3.36
|
Dividends
The
Company has never paid cash dividends on its Common Stock and does not
anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. The future payment
of
dividends, if any, on the Common Stock is within the discretion of the Board
of
Directors and will depend on the Company's earnings, its capital requirements
and financial condition and other relevant factors.
15
Securities
Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The
following table sets forth the aggregate information for the Company's equity
compensation plans in effect as of December 31, 2007:
Number
of
|
||||||||||
Securities to be Issued
|
Weighted-Average
|
Number of Securities
|
||||||||
Upon Exercise of
|
Exercise Price of
|
Remaining Available For
|
||||||||
Outstanding Options,
|
Outstanding Options,
|
Future Issuance Under
|
||||||||
Plan
Category
|
Warrants and Rights
|
Warrants and Rights
|
Equity Compensation Plans
|
|||||||
|
(a)
|
(b)
|
(c)
|
|||||||
Equity
compensation plans approved by security holders (1)
|
3,168,000
|
$
|
2.69
|
2,366,000
|
||||||
Equity
compensation plans not approved by security holders
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Total
|
3,168,000
|
$
|
2.69
|
2,366,000
|
(1)
|
1998,
2001 and 2002 Stock Option Plans, approved by the stockholders, see
Note 9
to Consolidated Financial Statements, contained herein.
|
Recent
Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered
Securities.
Since
January 1, 2007 and through December 31, 2007, the Company has issued
the following securities:
On
September 12, 2007, the Company’s Chairman and CEO (the “CEO”) exercised
1,139,160 stock options at a total exercise price of $882,844. The CEO paid
the
exercise price by surrendering to the Company 229,310 of the shares of common
stock he would have otherwise received on the option exercise. In addition, the
CEO surrendered 395,695 shares to the Company in consideration of the payment
by
the Company on his behalf of $1,523,426 of the Company’s minimum withholding tax
requirement payable in respect of the option exercise. Because the payment
value
attributable to the surrendered shares upon settlement does not exceed the
fair
value of the option, no compensation cost was recognized at the date of
settlement. In connection with this transaction, the Company issued a net total
of 514,155 shares of common stock to the CEO.
Treasury
Stock
In
August, 2006, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0
million of its common stock of which approximately $681,000 remains available
for repurchase under the program as of December 31, 2007. During the year ended
December 31, 2007, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common
stock. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company had repurchased
182,262 shares of its common stock at a cost of $319,000. There is no expiration
date associated with the program.
Item
6. Selected Financial Data.
The
following table sets forth our selected consolidated historical financial data
as of the dates and for the periods indicated. Our selected consolidated
financial data set forth below as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 has been
derived from the audited financial statements included elsewhere herein. Our
selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of December 31,
2005, 2004 and 2003 and for each of the years ended December 31, 2004 and
2003 are derived from the audited financial statements not included elsewhere
herein. Our selected consolidated financial information for 2007, 2006 and
2005
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and
the
Notes and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations” which are included elsewhere in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
16
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
|||||||
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
||||||||||||||||
STATEMENT
OF OPERATIONS DATA:
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
67,731
|
$
|
40,953
|
$
|
42,052
|
$
|
53,949
|
$
|
36,714
|
||||||
Operating
costs and expenses
|
||||||||||||||||
Direct
operating expenses
|
48,581
|
34,141
|
30,920
|
33,050
|
27,029
|
|||||||||||
Selling
and administrative expenses
|
15,281
|
14,284
|
13,684
|
10,205
|
8,898
|
|||||||||||
Restructuring
costs
|
-
|
604
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||
63,862
|
49,029
|
44,604
|
43,255
|
35,927
|
||||||||||||
Income
(loss) from operations
|
3,869
|
(8,076
|
)
|
(2,552
|
)
|
10,694
|
787
|
|||||||||
Other
(income) expenses
|
||||||||||||||||
Terminated
offering costs
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
625
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Bad
debt recovery, net
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(963
|
)
|
-
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
33
|
7
|
18
|
25
|
9
|
|||||||||||
Interest
income
|
(678
|
)
|
(683
|
)
|
(457
|
)
|
(87
|
)
|
(30
|
)
|
||||||
Income
(loss) before (benefit from)
|
||||||||||||||||
provision
for income taxes
|
4,514
|
(7,400
|
)
|
(2,113
|
)
|
11,094
|
808
|
|||||||||
(Benefit
from) provision for income taxes
|
(52
|
)
|
(77
|
)
|
(462
|
)
|
3,237
|
333
|
||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4,566
|
$
|
(7,323
|
)
|
$
|
(1,651
|
)
|
$
|
7,857
|
$
|
475
|
||||
Income
(loss) per share:
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$
|
.19
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
$
|
.35
|
$
|
.02
|
||||
Diluted
|
$
|
.18
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
$
|
.32
|
$
|
.02
|
||||
Cash
dividends per share
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
December
31,
|
||||||||||||||||
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
2003
|
|
|||||||
(In
thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
BALANCE
SHEET DATA:
|
||||||||||||||||
Working
capital
|
$
|
16,329
|
$
|
14,292
|
$
|
21,432
|
$
|
22,209
|
$
|
11,983
|
||||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
38,449
|
$
|
30,329
|
$
|
37,611
|
$
|
37,211
|
$
|
25,146
|
||||||
Long
term obligations
|
$
|
2,128
|
$
|
1,564
|
$
|
548
|
$
|
150
|
$
|
272
|
||||||
Stockholders’
equity
|
$
|
23,230
|
$
|
19,009
|
$
|
26,814
|
$
|
26,737
|
$
|
17,404
|
17
Item
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of
Operations.
The
following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated
financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report.
In
addition to historical information, this discussion includes forward-looking
information that involves risks and assumptions which could cause actual results
to differ materially from management’s expectations. See “Forward-Looking
Statements” included elsewhere in this report.
Executive
Overview
We
provide a broad and expanding range of knowledge process outsourcing services
as
well as publishing and related information technology services that help
companies create and manage information more effectively and economically.
Our
solutions enable organizations to find new ways to transform inefficient
business processes, improve operations and reduce costs.
In
2007,
we commenced a reorganization of our management and operating structure. Prior
to 2007, our operations were classified into two operating segments: (1)
content-related BPO and KPO services and (2) IT professional services. In this
reorganization, we merged the content-related BPO and KPO services and IT
professional services segments (ceasing to monitor its operations by these
two
segments). With this reorganization, our
Company
consists of one business that generates revenues and expenses. The structure
of our Company's current operating segment reflects the way the chief
operating decision maker looks at the overall Company to evaluate performance
and makes executive decisions (including the allocation of resources) about
the
business. There is no end to end responsibility or management other than at
the
consolidated level and discrete financial information is available at the
consolidated level.
The
following table sets forth, for the period indicated, certain financial data
expressed for the three years ended December 31, 2007:
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
2007
|
% of revenue
|
2006
|
% of revenue
|
2005
|
% of revenue
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
67.7
|
100.0
|
%
|
$
|
41.0
|
100.0
|
%
|
$
|
42.1
|
100
|
%
|
|||||||||
Direct
operating costs
|
48.6
|
71.8
|
%
|
34.1
|
83.2
|
%
|
30.9
|
73.4
|
%
|
||||||||||||
Selling
and administrative expenses
|
15.3
|
22.6
|
%
|
14.3
|
34.8
|
%
|
13.7
|
32.5
|
%
|
||||||||||||
Restructuring
costs
|
-
|
-
|
0.6
|
1.5
|
%
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
Income
(loss) from operations
|
3.8
|
5.6
|
%
|
(8.0
|
)
|
(19.5
|
)%
|
(2.5
|
)
|
(5.9
|
)%
|
||||||||||
Other
(income) expenses
|
(0.7
|
)
|
(0.6
|
)
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Income
(loss) before benefit from income
taxes
|
4.5
|
(7.4
|
)
|
(2.1
|
)
|
||||||||||||||||
Benefit
from income taxes
|
(0.1
|
)
|
(0.1
|
)
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4.6
|
6.8
|
%
|
$
|
(7.3
|
)
|
(17.8
|
)%
|
$
|
(1.7
|
)
|
(4.0
|
)%
|
Revenues
Our
publishing services include digitization, conversion, composition, data modeling
and XML encoding and KPO services include research and analysis, authoring,
copy-editing, abstracting, indexing and other content creation activities.
Our
IT system professionals support the design, implementation, integration and
deployment of digital systems used to author, manage and distribute content.
Services that we anticipate a client will require for an indefinite period
generate what we regard as recurring revenues. Services that are provided for
a
specific project generate revenues that terminate on completion of a defined
task and we regard these revenues as non-recurring. We price our publishing
services and KPO services based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized
and recognize revenue in the period in which the services are performed and
delivered. A substantial majority of our IT professional services is
provided on a project basis that generates non-recurring revenues. We price
our
professional services on an hourly basis for actual time and expense incurred,
or on a fixed-fee turn-key basis. Revenues for contracts billed on a time and
materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under
fixed-fee contracts are recognized on the percentage of completion method of
accounting as services are performed or milestones are achieved.
18
Recurring
revenues consisted of 61%, 61% and 58% of total revenues for the years ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We have historically relied
on a
very limited number of clients that have accounted for a significant portion
of
our revenues. Our top four clients generated approximately 61%, 54% and 53%
of
our revenues is the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. We may lose any of these or our other major clients as a result
of
our failure to meet or satisfy our clients’ requirements, the completion or
termination of a project or engagement, or the selection of another service
provider.
In
addition, the revenues we generate from our major clients may decline or grow
at
a slower rate in future periods than in the past. If we lose any of our
significant clients, our revenues and results of operations could be adversely
affected and we may incur a loss from operations. Our services are typically
subject to client requirements, and in most cases are terminable upon 30 to
90
days’ notice.
Refer
to
“Risk Factors.”
Direct
Operating Costs
Direct
operating costs consist of direct payroll, occupancy costs, depreciation,
telecommunications, computer services and supplies. We anticipate our cost
of
labor to increase in 2008 by approximately $500,000 per quarter as a result
of
general wage increases.
Selling
and Administrative Expenses
Selling
and administrative expenses consist of management and administrative salaries,
sales and marketing costs, new services research and related software
development, and administrative overhead.
Results
of Operations
Year
Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to the Year Ended December 31,
2006
Revenues
Revenues
were $67.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to
$41.0 million for the similar period in 2006, an increase of approximately
65%. The $26.7 million increase in revenues, which is principally attributable
to four clients (three existing clients and one new client), reflects a $20.9
million increase from recurring revenue and $5.8 million from non-recurring
project revenue. Furthermore, more than 62% of the total revenue increase
is attributable to knowledge services.
Our
top
four clients generated approximately 61% and 54% of our revenues is the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Further,
for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, revenues from clients located
in
foreign countries (principally in Europe) accounted for 23% and 37%
respectively, of our total revenues.
For
the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, approximately 61% of our revenue was
recurring and the 39% balance was non-recurring.
19
We
have
provided our services to approximately 150 clients as of December 31, 2007
as
compared to approximately 130 clients as of December 31, 2006.
Direct
Operating Costs
Direct
operating costs were $48.6 million and $34.1 million for the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, an increase of
approximately 43%. Direct operating costs as a percentage of revenues were
72%
for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 83% for the year ended
December 31, 2006.
The
increase in direct operating costs was principally attributable to the increase
in variable labor (management and production personnel) and other operating
costs in support of higher revenue volume. The direct operating expenses as
a
percentage of revenues were lower in 2007 as compared to 2006, principally
due
to decreased variable costs as a percent of revenues, and increased operating
leverage resulting from the increase in revenues with no significant increase
in
fixed costs. These favorable results were offset in part by $2.6 million in
direct operating costs resulting from a weakened US dollar against the
Philippine peso and India rupee.
Selling
and Administrative Expenses
Selling
and administrative expenses were $15.3 million and $14.3 million for
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, an increase
of approximately 7%. Selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of
revenues were 23% and 35% for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
respectively. The lower percentage reflects sustained operating costs levels
on
a higher revenue base.
Selling
and administrative expenses in 2006 includes approximately $246,000 received
as
an inducement to terminate our Dallas office lease prior to its contractual
expiration dates, accrued severance costs of approximately $275,000 related
to
the termination of an executive’s employment and approximately $922,000 in
research and development for new services. After excluding the effect of these
non-recurring adjustments, the resulting increase in selling and administrative
expenses principally reflects increased sales and administrative payroll and
payroll related costs associated with annual salary increases and increased
professional fees, including fees associated with Section 404 of the Sarbanes
Oxley incurred in 2007.
Restructuring
Costs
As
part
of an overall cost reduction plan to reduce operating costs, in September 2006
we announced a worldwide workforce reduction of slightly under 300 employees,
the majority of whom were based in Asia. Most employees were terminated prior
to
September 30, and we substantially implemented the plan at end of
2006.
As
a
result, the Company recorded total charges of $604,000 in 2006 associated with
the restructuring plan. The 2006 charge consisted of $531,000 of employee
severance costs and $73,000 of costs to implement the plan. Of the total amount,
$60,000 represents charges relating to stock option modifications.
In
connection with the restructuring, the Company paid cash of $544,000 and
recognized costs amounting to $60,000 for stock option modifications. The
Company currently expects no future costs to be incurred associated with the
restructuring plan.
As
of
December 31, 2006, accrued expenses included approximately $102,000 related
to
the restructuring charges, which were paid in 2007.
20
Income
Taxes
For
the
year ended December 31, 2007, the benefit from income taxes as a percentage
of income before income taxes was 1%. The 2007 benefit from income taxes is
lower than the U.S. Federal statutory rate, principally due to the U.S. net
operating losses which were not recognized as a result of a valuation allowance.
In addition, certain overseas income is neither subject to foreign income taxes
because of tax holidays granted to us, nor subject to tax in the U.S. unless
repatriated.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, the benefit from income taxes as a percentage
of loss before income taxes was 1%. The 2006 benefit from income taxes is lower
than the U.S. Federal statutory rate, principally due to the U.S. net operating
losses which were not recognized as a result of a valuation allowance. In
addition, certain overseas income is neither subject to foreign income taxes
because of tax holidays granted to us, nor subject to tax in the U.S. unless
repatriated.
In
assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is
more
likely than not that all or some portion of our deferred tax assets will not
be
realized. Our ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent
upon
our generating future taxable income during the periods in which temporary
differences are deductible and net operating losses are utilized. Based on
a
consideration of these factors, we have established a valuation allowance of
approximately $4.6 million at December 31, 2007. In 2007, we have utilized
$2.1 million of net operating losses.
Pursuant
to an income tax audit by the Indian bureau of taxation, on March 27, 2006,
one
of our Indian subsidiaries received a tax assessment approximating $404,000,
including interest through December 31, 2007, for the fiscal tax year ended
March 31, 2003. We disagree with the basis of the tax assessment, and
have filed an appeal against the assessment, which we will fight vigorously.
The
Indian bureau of taxation has also completed an audit of our Indian subsidiary’s
income tax return for the fiscal tax year ended March 31, 2004. The
ultimate outcome was favorable, and there was no tax assessment imposed for
the
fiscal tax year ended March 31, 2004. On March 20, 2007, the
Indian bureau of taxation commenced an audit of our subsidiary’s income tax
return for the fiscal year ended 2005. We cannot determine the ultimate outcome
at this time.
As
a
result of an IRS audit settlement, we recognized approximately $234,000 of
previously unrecognized tax benefits for the year ended December 31, 2007.
An
additional $176,000 of unrecognized tax benefits relating to uncertain income
tax positions was provided for the year ended December 31, 2007.
We
are
subject to various tax audits and claims which arise in the ordinary course
of
business. Management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these
audits and claims will not have a material adverse effect on our financial
position or results of operations.
Our
liability for net unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2007 and 2006
was approximately $411,000 and $481,000, respectively. This liability represents
an accrual relating to uncertain income tax positions we have taken on our
domestic and foreign tax returns. We report interest expense and penalties
related to income tax liabilities as a component of our provision for income
taxes. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had accrued a liability for interest
and penalties totaling approximately $153,000 and $138,000,
respectively.
Furthermore
we had unrecognized tax benefits of $176,000 and $167,000 as of December 31,
2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively, which, if recognized, would increase
our net operating loss carry forward. This increase, if recognized, would not
have an impact on our effective tax rate since the increase to our deferred
tax
assets would result in a corresponding increase to our valuation
allowance.
21
In
August
2004, IRS promulgated regulations, effective August 12, 2004, that had the
effect of making certain of our overseas entities that
are
incorporated in foreign jurisdictions and also domesticated as Delaware limited
liability companies as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
In the
preamble to such regulations, the IRS expressed its view that dual registered
companies described in the preceding sentence are also treated as U.S.
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes for periods prior to August
12, 2004. As a result, in December 2004, the Company effected certain filings
in
Delaware to ensure that these subsidiaries will not be treated as U.S.
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes as of the date of filing
and
as such, were not subject to U.S. federal income taxes commencing
January 1, 2005. On January 30, 2006, the IRS issued its final
regulations, stating that neither the temporary regulations nor these final
regulations are retroactive. In December 2007, the Company received a
notification from IRS for the entitlement of the refund for taxes paid and
the
interest amounting to approximately $395,000 and $60,000, respectively. The
Company appropriately recorded a benefit and an income tax receivable at
December 31, 2007.
Net
Loss/Income
We
recorded net income of $4.6 million in 2007 compared with a net loss of
$7.3 million in 2006. The change was principally attributable to the increase
in
gross margin resulting from increased revenues and lower selling and
administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues.
Year
Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to the Year Ended December 31,
2005
Revenues
Revenues
were $41.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to
$42.1 million for the similar period in 2005, a decrease of 3%. The decrease
in
revenue is primarily attributable to non-recurring projects that reached
completion.
Three
clients accounted for 28%, 12% and 10% of the Company’s revenues in the year
ended December 31, 2006. Two clients accounted for 27% and 12% of the Company’s
revenues in the year ended December 31, 2005. Further, for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005 revenues from clients located in foreign
countries (principally in Europe) accounted for 37% and 35% of our total
revenues, respectively.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, approximately 61% of our revenue was recurring
and
the 39% balance was non-recurring, compared with 58% and 42%, respectively,
for
the year ended December 31, 2005.
Direct
Operating Costs
Direct
operating costs were $34.1 million and $30.9 million for the years
ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, an increase of 10%. Direct
operating costs as a percentage of revenues were 83% for the year ended
December 31, 2006 and 73% for the year ended December 31,
2005.
The
increase in direct operating costs, both in total dollar amount and as a
percentage of revenues, is principally attributable to increases in pay rates
for both management and production personnel, growth in our engineering
technology department, and increases in various fixed expenses.
Selling
and Administrative Expenses
Selling
and administrative expenses were $14.3 million and $13.7 million for
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, an increase
of 4%. Selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues were
35%
and 33% for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 respectively.
Included as a reduction in selling and administrative expenses in 2006 is
approximately $246,000 received as an inducement to terminate our Dallas office
lease prior to its contractual expiration date. Selling and administrative
expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 also includes accrued severance
costs of approximately $275,000 related to the termination of an executive’s
employment. In addition, in the year ended December 31, 2006, we spent
approximately $922,000 in new services research and development compared to
$770,000 in the comparable 2005 period. The balance of the increase from 2005
principally reflects general increases in administrative costs.
22
Restructuring
Costs
As
part
of an overall cost reduction plan to reduce operating costs, in September 2006
we announced a worldwide workforce reduction of slightly under 300 employees,
the majority of whom were based in Asia. Most employees were terminated prior
to
September 30, and we substantially implemented the plan at end of
2006.
As
a
result, the Company recorded total charges of $604,000 in 2006 associated with
the restructuring plan of which $531,000 and $73,000 represent severance costs
and costs to implement, respectively. The total amount, which includes $60,000
non-cash consideration via stock option has been charged to earnings, of which
$102,000 has been accrued and included under the caption “Accrued Expenses” in
the balance sheet as at December 31, 2006.
In
connection with the restructuring, the Company paid cash of $442,000 and
recognized costs amounting to $60,000 for a stock option modification and paid
the balance of $102,000 during the first two quarters of 2007.
Income
Taxes
For
the
year ended December 31, 2006, the benefit from income taxes as a percentage
of loss before income taxes was 1%. The 2006 benefit from income taxes is lower
than the U.S. Federal statutory rate, principally due to the U.S. net operating
losses which were not recognized as a result of a valuation allowance. In
addition, certain overseas income is neither subject to foreign income taxes
because of tax holidays granted to us, nor subject to tax in the U.S. unless
repatriated.
For
the
year ended December 31, 2005, the benefit from income taxes as a percentage
of
loss before income taxes was 22%. The 2005 benefit from income taxes is lower
than the U.S. Federal statutory rate, principally due to a portion of the U.S.
net operating losses which were not recognized, offset in part by certain
overseas income which is neither subject to foreign income taxes because of
tax
holidays granted to us, nor subject to tax in the U.S. unless
repatriated.
Net
Loss/Income
We
recorded a net loss of $7.3 million in 2006 compared with a net loss of
$1.7 million in 2005. The principal reasons for the increase in net loss in
2006
were a decline in revenues, increases in operating costs and expenses and a
$604,000 restructuring charge.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Selected
measures of liquidity and capital resources, expressed in thousands are as
follows:
December
31,
|
||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
14,751
|
$
|
13,597
|
$
|
20,059
|
||||
Working
capital
|
16,329
|
14,292
|
21,432
|
23
At
December 31, 2007, we had cash and cash equivalents of $14.8 million. We have
used, and plan to use, such cash for (i) expansion of existing operations;
(ii)
general corporate purposes, including working capital; and (iii) possible
acquisitions of related businesses. As of December 31, 2007, we had no third
party debt and had working capital of approximately $16 million as compared
to
working capital of approximately $14 million at December 31, 2006. Accordingly,
we do not anticipate any near-term liquidity issues.
Our
quarterly operating results are also subject to certain seasonal fluctuations.
We generally experience lower revenue in the first quarter as we replace
projects that were brought to end in the fourth quarter and we begin new
projects, which may have some normal start up delays during the first quarter.
These and other seasonal factors may contribute to fluctuations in our results
of operations from quarter to quarter.
Net
Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities
Cash
provided by our operating activities in 2007 was $6 million resulting from
a net
income of $4.6 million, adjustments for non-cash items of $3.9 million and
$2.5
million used for working capital. Adjustments for non-cash items primarily
consisted of $3.2 million for depreciation and amortization and $0.7 million
for
pension costs. Working capital activities primarily consisted of a use of cash
of $4.2 million for an increase in accounts receivable primarily related to
increase in revenue, a source of cash of $1.0 million of an increase in accounts
payable due to timing of expenditure, a source of cash of $1.7 million for
an
increase in accrued salaries and wages due to an increase in the number of
employees and higher labor rates in support of higher revenue volume and a
use
of cash of $1.5 million due to payment of minimum withholding taxes on the
net
settlement of stock options exercised by the Chairman and CEO.
Cash
used
in our operating activities in 2006 was $3.4 million resulting from a net loss
of $7.3 million, offset by adjustments for non-cash items of $3.8 million and
$0.1 million generated by working capital. Adjustments for non-cash items
primarily consisted of $3.4 million for depreciation and amortization and $0.3
million for pension costs. Working capital activities primarily consisted of
a
source of cash of $0.7 million for a decrease in accounts receivable primarily
related to decrease in our revenues and timing of collections, a use of cash
of
0.5 million for a decrease in accounts payable representing payments made to
the
vendors, a source of cash of $0.7 million for an increase in accrued expenses
and accrued salaries and wages primarily related to the accruals for bonus
and
retirement benefits and a use of cash of $0.7 million due to increase in prepaid
expenses and other current assets.
Cash
provided by our operating activities in 2005 was $1.1 million resulting from
a
net loss of $1.7 million, offset by adjustments for non-cash items of $3.7
million and $0.9 million used for working capital. Adjustments for non-cash
items primarily consisted of $3.1 million for depreciation and amortization
and
$0.3 million for pension costs. Working capital activities primarily consisted
of a source of cash of $0.9 million for a decrease in accounts receivable
primarily related to decrease in our revenues and timing of collections, a
use
of cash of $1.2 million for an increase in refundable income taxes and a use
of
cash of $0.9 million for a decrease in accrued expenses and accrued salaries
and
wages primarily related to timing of payment of management
incentives.
At
December 31, 2007, our days’ sales outstanding were approximately 52 days as
compared to 56 days as of December 31, 2006 and 55 days as of December 31,
2005.
Net
Cash Used in Investing Activities
During
2007, 2006 and 2005, cash used in our investing activities was $4.4 million,
$2.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively for capital expenditures. Capital
spending in 2007 related principally to normal technology equipment and facility
upgrades. Capital spending in 2006 and 2005 related principally to normal
ongoing equipment upgrades, project requirement specific equipment, and
improvements in infrastructure. Furthermore, in 2007, we financed the
acquisition of certain computer and communications equipment approximating
$0.8
million whereas we purchased software licenses totaling approximately $0.2
million and $1.6 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. During the next twelve
months, we anticipate that capital expenditures for ongoing technology,
hardware, equipment and infrastructure upgrades will approximate $4.5 million,
a
portion of which we may finance.
24
Net
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Cash
proceeds received from the exercise of stock options amounted to approximately
$0.5 million, $0.3 million and $1.3 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
In
August,
2006, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0 million
of
its common stock of which we repurchased 182,262 shares of our common stock.
We
paid $0.3 million to repurchase these shares. No shares were repurchased in
2007.
In
2005,
we entered into an agreement with a vendor to acquire certain additional
software licenses and to receive support and subsequent software upgrades on
this and other currently owned software licenses through February 2008 for
a
total cost of approximately $1.6 million, representing a non-cash investing
and financing activity. Approximately $0.6 million, $0.5 million and $0.5
million was paid in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively with no remaining balance
due as of December 31, 2007.
In
2006,
additional software licenses amounting to $164,000 were acquired under staggered
payment terms. Total payment made on these purchases in 2007 and 2006 amounted
to $78,000 and $82,000, respectively with the remaining balance to be paid
by
January 2008.
In
2007,
the Company financed the acquisition of certain computer and communication
equipments. The capital lease obligations bear interest at rates ranging from
6%
to 10% and are payable over two to five years.
As
we
operate in a number of countries around the world, we face exposure to adverse
movements in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over
time as business practices evolve and may have a material adverse impact on
our
consolidated financial results. Our primary exposure relate to non-U.S. based
operating expenses in Asia. In October 2007, we entered into foreign currency
forward contracts, with a maximum term of two months and an aggregate notional
amount of $4.5 million, to sell U.S. Dollars for Philippine Peso and Indian
Rupee that were all settled in November and December 2007. Our U.S. Corporate
headquarters funds expenditure for our foreign subsidiaries based in the
Philippines and India. We are exposed to foreign exchange risk and therefore
we
use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate our exposure of fluctuating
future cash flows arising due to changes in foreign exchange rates. There were
no unsettled contract at December 31, 2007 and all realized gains and losses
were reported in our consolidated statement of operations.
Other
than the aforementioned forward contracts, we have not engaged in any hedging
activities nor have we entered into off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements
or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that are
likely to affect liquidity or the availability of our requirements for capital
resources.
Future
Liquidity and Capital Resource Requirements
The
Company has an uncommitted line of credit of $5 million which expires on
May 31, 2008. Under the terms of the agreement any amounts drawn against this
facility must be secured by a certificate of deposit of an equal amount.
Additionally, any amounts drawn will bear interest at the bank’s alternate base
rate plus ½% or LIBOR plus 3%. The Company has no outstanding obligations under
this credit line as of December 31, 2007.
25
We
believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from our
operating activities and funds available under our credit facility will provide
sufficient sources of liquidity to satisfy our financial needs for the next
twelve months. However, if circumstances change, we may need to raise debt
or
additional equity capital in the future. We fund our foreign expenditures from
our U.S. Corporate headquarters on an as-needed basis.
Contractual
Obligations
The
table
below summarizes our contractual obligations (in thousands) at December 31,
2007, and the effect that those obligations are expected to have on our
liquidity and cash flows in future periods.
Payments
Due by Period
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
Obligations
|
Total
|
|
Less
than
1
year
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
4-5
years
|
|
After
5
years
|
|||||||
Capital
lease obligations
|
$
|
659
|
$
|
260
|
$
|
393
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
-
|
||||||
Non-cancelable
operating leases
|
2,554
|
980
|
1,293
|
281
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Long-term
vendor obligations
|
4
|
4
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||||||
Total
contractual cash obligations
|
$
|
3,217
|
$
|
1,244
|
$
|
1,686
|
$
|
287
|
$
|
-
|
Future
expected obligations under the Company’s pension benefit plan have not been
included in the contractual cash obligations table above.
Inflation,
Seasonality and Prevailing Economic Conditions
To
date,
inflation has not had a significant impact on our operations. We generally
perform work for our clients under project-specific contracts,
requirements-based contracts or long-term contracts. Contracts are typically
subject to numerous termination provisions.
Our
quarterly operating results are subject to certain seasonal fluctuations. Our
fourth and first quarters include the months of December and January, when
billable services activity by professional staff, as well as engagement
decisions by clients, may be reduced due to client budget planning cycles.
Demand for our services generally may be lower in the fourth quarter due to
reduced activity during the holiday season and fewer working days for our
Philippines-based staff during this period. These and other seasonal factors
may
contribute to fluctuations in our operating results from quarter to quarter.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Basis
of Presentation and Use of Estimates
Our
discussion and analysis of our results of operations, liquidity and capital
resources are based on our consolidated financial statements which have been
prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial
statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported
amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our
estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition,
allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets,
goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, value of securities underlying
stock-based compensation, litigation accruals, post retirement benefits and
estimated accruals for various tax exposures. We base our estimates on
historical and anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions
that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions
as
to future events. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about
the
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree
of
uncertainty. Actual results may differ from our estimates and could have a
significant adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more
significant estimates and judgments in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements.
26
Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts
We
establish credit terms for new clients based upon management’s review of their
credit information and project terms, and perform ongoing credit evaluations
of
our customers, adjusting credit terms when management believes appropriate
based
upon payment history and an assessment of their current credit worthiness.
We
record an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from
the inability of our clients to make required payments. We determine this
allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time
trade
accounts receivable are past due, our previous loss history, our estimate of
the
client’s current ability to pay its obligation to us, and the condition of the
general economy and the industry as a whole. While credit losses have generally
been within expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee
that credit loss rates in the future will be consistent with those experienced
in the past. In addition, we have credit exposure if the financial condition
of
one of our major clients were to deteriorate. In the event that the financial
condition of our clients were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of
their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be necessary.
Revenue
Recognition
We
recognize revenue in the period in which we perform services and deliver in
accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin 104.
We
recognize IT professional services revenues from custom application and systems
integration development which requires significant production, modification
or
customization of software in a manner similar to SOP No. 81-1 “Accounting
for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.”
We
recognize revenue for such services billed under fixed fee arrangements using
the percentage-of-completion method under contract accounting as we perform
services or reach output milestones. We measure the percentage completed either
by the percentage of labor hours incurred to date in relation to estimated
total
labor hours or in consideration of achievement of certain output milestones,
depending on the specific nature of each contract. For arrangements in which
percentage-of completion accounting is used, we record cash receipts from
customers and billed amounts due from customers in excess of recognized revenue
as billings in excess of revenues earned on contracts in progress (which is
included in accounts receivable). Revenues from fixed-fee projects accounted
for
less than 10% of our total revenue for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2007. We recognize revenue billed on a time and
materials basis as we perform the services.
Long-lived
Assets
We
account for long-lived assets under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(“SFAS”) 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets. We
assess the recoverability of our long-lived assets, which consist primarily
of
fixed assets and intangible assets with finite useful lives, whenever events
or
changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
The following factors, if present, may trigger an impairment review:
(i) significant underperformance relative to
expected historical or projected future operating
results; (ii) significant negative industry or economic
trends; (iii) significant decline in our stock price for a
sustained period; and (iv) a change in our
market capitalization relative to net book value. If the recoverability of
these
assets is unlikely because of the existence of one or
more of the above-mentioned factors, we perform an impairment
analysis using a projected discounted cash flow method. We must make
assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine
the fair value of these respective assets. If these estimates or related
assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record an impairment
charge. Impairment charges would be included in general and
administrative expenses in our statements of
operations, and would result in reduced carrying amounts of the
related assets on our balance sheets. We did not recognize an
impairment in any of our long lived assets in each
of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.
27
Income
Taxes
We
determine our deferred taxes based on the difference between the financial
statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates,
as
well as any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce
taxes payable in future years. We provide a valuation allowance when it is
more
likely than not that some or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.
We have provided a valuation allowance for net operating loss carryforwards
which may not be realized and for deferred tax assets in foreign jurisdictions
which may not be realized because of our current tax holidays. Unremitted
earnings of foreign subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated
financial statements without giving effect to the United States taxes that
may
be payable on distribution to the United States to the extent such earnings
are
not anticipated to be remitted to the United States. In addition we have
provided for an accrual for potential tax obligations resulting from income
tax
audits and other potential tax obligations.
The
Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation
No. 48 (“FIN 48”) “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” on
January 1, 2007. FIN 48 requires companies to determine whether it is “more
likely than not” that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the
appropriate taxing authorities before any tax benefit can be recorded in the
financial statements. It also provides guidance on the recognition, measurement,
classification and disclosure in the financial statements for uncertain tax
positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. No cumulative effect
of
a change in accounting principle or adjustment to the liability for unrecognized
tax benefits was recognized as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. Accordingly,
the adoption of FIN 48 did not have an effect on the results of operations
or
financial position of the Company.
Goodwill
and Other Intangible Assets
SFAS
142
requires that we test goodwill for impairment using a two-step fair value based
test. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential
impairment, compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying
amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds
its fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be
performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. If impairment
is
determined, we will recognize additional charges to operating expenses in the
period in which they are identified, which would result in a reduction of
operating results and a reduction in the amount of goodwill. Our most recent
test for impairment was conducted as of September 30, 2007, in which the
estimated fair values of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount,
including goodwill. As such, no impairment was identified or
recorded.
Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation
We
are
authorized under the 1998, 2001 and 2002 Stock Options Plans to grant stock
options to officers, directors and employees of the Company.
28
Effective
January 1, 2006, we were required to account for stock-based awards in
accordance with the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised
2004) Share-Based
Payment (“SFAS123(R)”),
which required the measurement and recognition of stock-based compensation
expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors
based
on estimated fair value at the grant date and is recognized over the requisite
service period. Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant
date requires judgment, including estimating the expected term of stock options
and the expected volatility of our stock. The fair value is determined using
the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We recorded stock-based compensation
expense
of approximately $174,000 and $241,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007
and
2006, respectively.
Legal
Proceedings
We
are
subject to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary
course of business. In addition, in connection with the cessation of all
operations at certain of our foreign subsidiaries, certain former employees
have
filed various actions against one of our Philippine subsidiaries and have
purported also to sue us and certain of our officers and directors. Our
legal
reserves related to these proceedings and claims are based on a determination
of
whether or not the loss is either probable or reasonably possible. We review
outstanding claims and proceedings with external counsel to assess probability
and estimates of loss. The reserves are adjusted if necessary. If circumstances
change, we may be required to record adjustments that could be material to
its
reported financial condition and results of operation. Based on consultation
with legal counsel, the Company believes that recovery against us for the legal
proceedings and claims would nevertheless be unlikely.
Pension
Development
Costs of Software
We
expense as research and development costs for the development of new software
to
be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed as a separate product or as part of
a
product or process, and substantial enhancements to such existing software
products, until technological feasibility has been established, at which time
any additional development costs are capitalized until the product is available
for general release to customers. We expense all other research and
development costs as incurred.
We
did
not capitalize any software development costs during any of the three years
in
the period ended December 31, 2007. Included in selling and
administrative expense are research and development costs totaling approximately
$922,000 and $770,000 for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. The Company did not incur any research and development costs
in
2007.
29
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,
Fair
Value Measurements
(“SFAS 157”), to define fair value, establish a framework for measuring
fair value in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the
United Sates of America, which expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. SFAS 157 requires quantitative disclosures using a tabular
format in all periods (interim and annual) and qualitative disclosures about
the
valuation techniques used to measure fair value in all annual periods.
SFAS 157 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2008. We do not
believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,
The
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities
(“SFAS
159”). SFAS 159 expands opportunities to use fair value measurements in
financial reporting and permits entities to choose to measure many financial
instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 will be
effective for us on January 1, 2008. We
do not
believe that the adoption of SFAS 159 will have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In.
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS
141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles
and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial
statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any
non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The
Statement also establishes disclosure requirements which will enable users
to
evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS
141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The
adoption of SFAS 141(R) will have an impact on accounting for business
combinations once adopted, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at
that
time.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB
No. 51.
SFAS
No. 160 requires entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests as
a component of shareholders’ equity on the balance sheet; include all earnings
of a consolidated subsidiary in consolidated results of operations; and treat
all transactions between an entity and noncontrolling interest as equity
transactions between the parties. SFAS
No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those
fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is
prohibited. SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively as of the beginning
of the fiscal year in which SFAS No. 160 is initially applied, except for
the presentation and disclosure requirements. The presentation and disclosure
requirements are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company
does not have a noncontrolling interest in one or more subsidiaries.
Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate that the initial application of
SFAS No. 160 will have an impact on the Company.
Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk.
Interest
rate risk
We
are
exposed to interest rate change market risk with respect to our credit line
with
a financial institution which is priced based on the bank’s alternate base rate
(7.25% at December 31, 2007) plus ½% or LIBOR (4.38% at December 31, 2007) plus
3%. We have not borrowed under this line in 2007. To the extent we utilize
all
or a portion of this line of credit, changes in the interest rate will have
a
positive or negative effect on our interest expense.
Foreign
currency risk
We
have
operations in foreign countries. Our U.S. Corporate headquarters funds operating
expenses of our foreign subsidiaries based in the Philippines and India. We
are
exposed to foreign exchange risk and therefore entered into foreign currency
forward contracts in October 2007 to mitigate our exposure to fluctuating future
cash flows due to changes in foreign exchange rates. These forward contracts
were entered into for a maximum term of two months and had an aggregate notional
amount of $4.5 million to sell U.S. Dollars for Philippine Peso and Indian
Rupee
We may continue to enter into such instruments in the future to reduce foreign
currency exposure to appreciation or depreciation in the value of these foreign
currencies. There were no unsettled contracts at December 31, 2007. Other than
the aforementioned forward contracts, we have not engaged in any hedging
activities nor have we entered into off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements
or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that are
likely to affect liquidity or the availability of our requirements for capital
resources. As of December 31, 2007 our foreign locations held cash totaling
approximately $9.5 million.
30
Item
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See
Financial Statements and Financial Statement Index commencing on page F-1
hereof.
Item
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure.
None
Item
9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
In
accordance with Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e), we carried out an evaluation,
under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of
our
disclosure controls and procedures as required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b)
as
of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation,
our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2007.
Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There
have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting
(as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) under the Exchange
Act)
during the last fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting.
Our
management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting for the company. Internal control over
financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the
reliability of our financial reporting for external purposes in accordance
with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Internal control over financial reporting includes maintaining records that
in
reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions; providing
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation
of our financial statements; providing reasonable assurance that receipts and
expenditures of company assets are made in accordance with management
authorization; and providing reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition,
use or disposition of company assets that could have a material effect on our
financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not
intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial
statements would be prevented or detected.
31
Management
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting based on the framework in Internal
Control – Integrated Framework
issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Based
on this evaluation, management concluded that the company’s internal control
over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007. There were
no
changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter
ended December 31, 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
The
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2007, was audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing on pages
F-2, which expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007.
Item
9B. Other information.
None
32
PART
III
Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate
Governance.
The
information called for by Item 10 is incorporated by reference from the
Company’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act no later than
120
days after the end of the Company’s 2007 fiscal year.
The
Company has a code of ethics that applies to all of its employees, officers,
and
directors, including its principal executive officer, principal financial and
accounting officer, and controller. The text of the Company’s code of ethics is
posted on its website at www.innodata-isogen.com. The Company intends to
disclose future amendments to, or waivers from, certain provisions of the code
of ethics for executive officers and directors in accordance with applicable
NASDAQ and SEC requirements.
Item
11. Executive Compensation.
The
information called for by Item 11 is incorporated by reference from the
Company’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act no later than
120
days after the end of the Company’s 2007 fiscal year.
Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
The
information called for by Item 12 is incorporated by reference from the
Company’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act no later than
120
days after the end of the Company’s 2007 fiscal year.
Item
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence.
The
information called for by Item 13 is incorporated by reference from the
Company’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act no later than
120
days after the end of the Company’s 2007 fiscal year.
Item
14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The
information called for by Item 14 is incorporated by reference from the
Company’s definitive proxy statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act no later than
120
days after the end of the Company’s 2007 fiscal year.
33
PART
IV
Item
15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form
8-K.
(a) | 1. |
Financial
Statements. See Item 8. Index to Financial
Statements.
|
2. |
Financial
Statement Schedules. Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying
Accounts.
|
3. |
Exhibits
– See Exhibit Index attached hereto and incorporated by reference
herein.
|
34
SIGNATURES
In
accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
INNODATA ISOGEN, INC. | |
By
|
/s/
Jack Abuhoff
|
Jack
Abuhoff
|
|
Chairman
of the Board of Directors,
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer and
President
|
In
accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on
the
dates indicated.
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
||
/s/
Jack Abuhoff
|
Chairman
of the Board of Directors,
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
Jack
Abuhoff
|
Chief
Executive Officer and President
|
|||
/s/
Steven L. Ford
|
Executive
Vice President,
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
Steven
L. Ford
|
Chief
Financial Officer
and
Principal Accounting Officer
|
|||
/s/
Haig S. Bagerdjian
|
Director
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
Haig
S. Bagerdjian
|
||||
/s/
Louise C. Forlenza
|
Director
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
Louise
C. Forlenza
|
||||
/s/
John R. Marozsan
|
Director
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
John
R. Marozsan
|
||||
/s/
Peter H. Woodward
|
Director
|
March
13, 2008
|
||
Peter
H. Woodward
|
||||
35
Item
8. Financial Statements.
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PAGE
|
|
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
F-2
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
F-3
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the three years ended December
31, 2007
|
F-4
|
Consolidated
Statement of Stockholders’ Equity for the three years ended December
31, 2007
|
F-5
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December
31, 2007
|
F-6
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-7
|
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board
of
Directors and Stockholders of
Innodata
Isogen, Inc.
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Innodata Isogen, Inc.
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the
related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits
of
the basic financial statements included the financial statement schedule listed
in the index appearing under Item 15. We also have audited Innodata Isogen,
Inc.
and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007, based on criteria established in Internal
Control—Integrated Framework issued
by
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
The
Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial
statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial
reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control
over
financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express
an
opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule and
an
opinion on Innodata Isogen, Inc. and subsidiaries’ internal control over
financial reporting based on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining,
on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of Innodata Isogen, Inc. and
subsidiaries’ as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its
operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in
the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the related financial
statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial
statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the
information set forth therein.
In
our
opinion, Innodata Isogen, Inc. and subsidiaries’ maintained, in all material
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December
31,
2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework
issued by COSO.
As
discussed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
changed its method of accounting for share-based compensation effective January
1, 2006 in connection with the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment”. Also, as discussed in
Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for
Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans”, in 2006.
/s/
GRANT
THORNTON LLP
Edison,
New Jersey
March
11,
2008
F-2
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER
31, 2007 AND 2006
(in
thousands, except share data)
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
14,751
|
$
|
13,597
|
|||
Accounts
receivable-net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $127 and $70
at
December 31, 2007 and 2006 respectively
|
10,673
|
6,484
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
2,117
|
1,589
|
|||||
Refundable
income taxes
|
453
|
1,062
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
202
|
190
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
28,196
|
22,922
|
|||||
Property
and equipment, net
|
7,160
|
4,564
|
|||||
Other
assets
|
2,037
|
1,912
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
381
|
256
|
|||||
Goodwill
|
675
|
675
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
38,449
|
$
|
30,329
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$
|
1,973
|
$
|
987
|
|||
Accrued
expenses
|
2,227
|
1,969
|
|||||
Accrued
salaries, wages and related benefits
|
5,244
|
3,554
|
|||||
Income
and other taxes
|
2,053
|
1,295
|
|||||
Current
portion of long term obligations
|
370
|
825
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
11,867
|
8,630
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
1,224
|
1,126
|
|||||
Long
term obligations
|
2,128
|
1,564
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
|||||||
STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY:
|
|||||||
Serial
preferred stock; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none
outstanding
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Common
stock, $.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 24,881,000
issued and
24,699,000
outstanding at December 31, 2007; and 24,087,000 shares issued
and 23,905,000
outstanding at December 31, 2006
|
249
|
241
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
16,323
|
17,225
|
|||||
Retained
earnings
|
7,188
|
2,622
|
|||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
(211
|
)
|
(760
|
)
|
|||
23,549
|
19,328
|
||||||
Less:
treasury stock, 182,000 shares at cost
|
(319
|
)
|
(319
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
23,230
|
19,009
|
|||||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
38,449
|
$
|
30,329
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
67,731
|
$
|
40,953
|
$
|
42,052
|
||||
Operating
costs and expenses
|
||||||||||
Direct
operating costs
|
48,581
|
34,141
|
30,920
|
|||||||
Selling
and administrative expenses
|
15,281
|
14,284
|
13,684
|
|||||||
Restructuring
costs
|
-
|
604
|
-
|
|||||||
63,862
|
49,029
|
44,604
|
||||||||
Income
(loss) from operations
|
3,869
|
(8,076
|
)
|
(2,552
|
)
|
|||||
Other
(income) expenses
|
||||||||||
Interest
expense
|
33
|
7
|
18
|
|||||||
Interest
income
|
(678
|
)
|
(683
|
)
|
(457
|
)
|
||||
Income
(loss) before benefit from income taxes
|
4,514
|
(7,400
|
)
|
(2,113
|
)
|
|||||
Benefit
from income taxes
|
(52
|
)
|
(77
|
)
|
(462
|
)
|
||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4,566
|
$
|
(7,323
|
)
|
$
|
(1,651
|
)
|
||
Income
(loss) per share:
|
||||||||||
Basic:
|
$
|
.19
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
||
Diluted:
|
$
|
.18
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
||
Weighted
average shares outstanding:
|
||||||||||
Basic:
|
24,142
|
24,021
|
23,009
|
|||||||
Diluted:
|
25,327
|
24,021
|
23,009
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
YEARS
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
(In
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
Common
Stock
|
|
Paid-in
|
|
Retained
|
|
Comprehensive
|
|
Treasury
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Capital
|
|
Earnings
|
|
Loss
|
|
Stock
|
|
Total
|
|
|||||||
January
1, 2005
|
22,679
|
$
|
227
|
$
|
14,914
|
$
|
11,596
|
-
|
-
|
$
|
26,737
|
|||||||||||
Net
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,651
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(1,651
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock upon exercise of stock options
|
990
|
10
|
1,287
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1,297
|
|||||||||||||||
Income
tax benefit from exercise of stock options
|
-
|
-
|
334
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
334
|
|||||||||||||||
Non-cash
equity compensation
|
-
|
-
|
97
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
97
|
|||||||||||||||
December
31, 2005
|
23,669
|
237
|
16,632
|
9,945
|
-
|
-
|
26,814
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(7,323
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
(7,323
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock upon exercise of stock options
|
418
|
4
|
352
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
356
|
|||||||||||||||
Purchase
of treasury stock
|
(182
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(319
|
)
|
(319
|
)
|
||||||||||||
Non-cash
equity compensation
|
-
|
-
|
241
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
241
|
|||||||||||||||
Adjustment
to initially apply FASB Statement 158, net of
tax
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(760
|
)
|
-
|
(760
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
December
31, 2006
|
23,905
|
241
|
17,225
|
2,622
|
(760
|
)
|
(319
|
)
|
19,009
|
|||||||||||||
Net
income
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
4,566
|
-
|
-
|
4,566
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock upon exercise of stock options
|
794
|
8
|
447
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
455
|
|||||||||||||||
Payment
of minimum withholding taxes on net settlement of stock
options
|
-
|
-
|
(1,523
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(1,523
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Non-cash
equity compensation
|
-
|
-
|
174
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
174
|
|||||||||||||||
Change
in transitional projected benefit obligation, net of
tax
|
-
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
549
|
-
|
549
|
|||||||||||||||
December
31, 2007
|
24,699
|
$
|
249
|
$
|
16,323
|
$
|
7,188
|
$
|
(211
|
)
|
$
|
(319
|
)
|
$
|
23,230
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
INNODATA
ISOGEN INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 AND 2005
(In
thousands)
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Cash
flow from operating activities:
|
||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4,566
|
$
|
(7,323
|
)
|
$
|
(1,651
|
)
|
||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
|
||||||||||
provided
by (used in) operating activities:
|
||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
3,156
|
3,437
|
3,160
|
|||||||
Stock-based
compensation
|
174
|
241
|
97
|
|||||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
(87
|
)
|
(222
|
)
|
215
|
|||||
Pension
cost
|
667
|
313
|
251
|
|||||||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
|
||||||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(4,189
|
)
|
685
|
850
|
||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
(976
|
)
|
(665
|
)
|
167
|
|||||
Refundable
income taxes
|
609
|
153
|
(1,215
|
)
|
||||||
Other
assets
|
(147
|
)
|
(189
|
)
|
(355
|
)
|
||||
Accounts
payable
|
986
|
(542
|
)
|
80
|
||||||
Accrued
expenses
|
258
|
367
|
(211
|
)
|
||||||
Payment
of minimum withholding taxes on net settlement of stock
options
|
(1,523
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Accrued
salaries and wages
|
1,745
|
379
|
(663
|
)
|
||||||
Income
and other taxes
|
758
|
(68
|
)
|
393
|
||||||
Net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
5,997
|
(3,434
|
)
|
1,118
|
||||||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
||||||||||
Capital
expenditures
|
(4,449
|
)
|
(2,329
|
)
|
(2,335
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(4,449
|
)
|
(2,329
|
)
|
(2,335
|
)
|
||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
||||||||||
Payment
of long-term obligations
|
(849
|
)
|
(736
|
)
|
(684
|
)
|
||||
Proceeds
from exercise of stock options
|
455
|
356
|
1,297
|
|||||||
Purchase
of treasury stock
|
-
|
(319
|
)
|
-
|
||||||
Net
cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
(394
|
)
|
(699
|
)
|
613
|
|||||
Increase
(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
1,154
|
(6,462
|
)
|
(604
|
)
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents, beginning of period
|
13,597
|
20,059
|
20,663
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents, end of period
|
$
|
14,751
|
$
|
13,597
|
$
|
20,059
|
||||
Supplemental
disclosures of cash flow information:
|
||||||||||
Cash
paid for income taxes
|
$
|
325
|
$
|
340
|
$
|
504
|
||||
Cash
paid for interest
|
$
|
33
|
$
|
7
|
$
|
18
|
||||
Non-cash
investing and financing activities:
|
||||||||||
Acquisition
of equipment utilizing capital leases
|
$
|
770
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
||||
Vendor
financed software licenses acquired
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
164
|
$
|
1,583
|
See
notes
to consolidated financial statements
F-6
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.
|
Description
of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies
|
Description
of Business-Innodata
Isogen, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”), is a leading provider of
knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) services as well as publishing and related
information technology services that help organizations create, manage, use
and
distribute information more effectively and economically. Our publishing
services include digitization, conversion, composition, data modeling and XML
encoding and KPO services include research and analysis, authoring,
copy-editing, abstracting, indexing and other content creation activities.
Our
IT system professional supports the design, implementation, integration and
deployment of digital systems used to author, manage and distribute
content.
Principles
of Consolidation-The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Isogen,
Inc.
and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use
of Estimates-In
preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America, management is required
to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date
of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Significant estimates include those related to revenue
recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived
assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, value of securities
underlying stock-based compensation, litigation accruals, post retirement
benefits and estimated accruals for various tax exposures.
Revenue
Recognition-Revenue
is recognized in the period in which services are performed and delivery has
occurred and when all the criteria of Staff Accounting Bulletin 104 have been
met.
The
Company recognizes its IT professional services revenues from custom application
and systems integration development which requires significant production,
modification or customization of software in a manner similar to SOP
No. 81-1 “Accounting
for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.”
Revenue
from such services billed under fixed fee arrangements is recognized using
the
percentage-of-completion method under contract accounting as services are
performed or output milestones are reached. The percentage completed is measured
either by the percentage of labor hours incurred to date in relation to
estimated total labor hours or in consideration of achievement of certain output
milestones, depending on the specific nature of each contract. For arrangements
in which percentage-of completion accounting is used, the Company records cash
receipts from customers and billed amounts due from customers in excess of
recognized revenue as billings in excess of revenues earned on contracts in
progress (which is included in accounts receivable). Revenues from fixed-fee
projects accounted for less than 10% of our total revenue for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Revenue billed on a time and
materials basis is recognized as services are performed.
Foreign
Currency Translation-The
functional currency for the Company’s production operations located in the
Philippines, India and Sri Lanka is U.S. dollars. As such, transactions
denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lanka rupees were translated
to
U.S. dollars at rates which approximate those in effect on transaction dates.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at
December 31, 2007 and 2006 were translated at the exchange rate in effect
as of those dates. Included in direct operating costs are exchange gains and
losses resulting from such transactions were approximately $404,000, $28,000
and
$74,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Foreign
Exchange-In
2007,
the Company entered into foreign currency forward contracts against the
Philippine Peso and Indian Rupee primarily to hedge its exposure of fluctuating
future cash flows. There were no foreign currency forward contracts outstanding
at December 31, 2007. The realized gains resulting from such contracts were
not
material in 2007.
F-7
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Cash
Equivalents-For
financial statement purposes (including cash flows), the Company considers
all
highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three
months or less to be cash equivalents.
Property
and Equipment-Property
and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated on the straight-line method
over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which is generally two
to
five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over
the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lives of the leases. Certain
assets under capital leases are amortized over the lives of the respective
leases or the estimated useful lives of the assets, whichever is shorter.
Long-lived
Assets-The
Company accounts for long lived assets under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards (“SFAS”) 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived
Assets. Management assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets, which
consist primarily of fixed assets and intangible assets with finite useful
lives, whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying
value may not be recoverable. The following factors, if present, may trigger
an
impairment review: (i) significant
underperformance relative to expected historical
or projected future operating results; (ii) significant
negative industry or economic trends; (iii) significant
decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained
period; and (iv) a change in the Company’s market
capitalization relative to net book value. If the recoverability of these assets
is unlikely because of the existence of one or more of the
above-mentioned factors, an impairment analysis is performed initially
using a projected undiscounted cash flow method. Management must make
assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine
the fair value of these respective assets. If these estimates or related
assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to record an
impairment charge. Impairment charges, which would be based on discounted cash
flows, would be included in general and administrative
expenses in the Company’s statements of
operations, and would result in reduced carrying amounts of the
related assets on the Company’s balance sheets. No
impairment was identified or recorded in each
of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.
Goodwill
and Other Intangible Assets-Goodwill
represents the excess purchase price paid over the fair value of net assets
acquired. Effective July 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142, Goodwill
and
Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”). Under SFAS 142, the Company tests its
goodwill on an annual basis using a two-step fair value based test. The first
step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment,
compares the fair value of a reporting unit, with its carrying amount, including
goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value,
the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be performed to measure
the
amount of the impairment loss, if any. If impairment is determined, the Company
will recognize additional charges to operating expenses in the period in which
they are identified, which would result in a reduction of operating results
and
a reduction in the amount of goodwill.
Prior
to
2007, the Company’s operations were classified into two operating segments: (1)
content-related BPO services and (2) IT professional services. These operating
segments qualified as reporting units under SFAS 142. In 2007, the Company
commenced a reorganization of its management and operating structure. In this
reorganization, management merged the content-related BPO and KPO services
and
IT professional services segments (Refer note 11 to consolidated financial
statements). The
Company's current operating segment structure reflects the way the chief
operating decision maker looks at the overall Company to evaluate performance
and makes executive decisions (including the allocation of resources) about
the
business. With
this
reorganization, the Company no longer has two reporting units and two operating
segments, but consists
of one business that generates revenues and expenses. Thus, the entire goodwill
is allocated to the consolidated company for the purposes of goodwill impairment
test.
In
the
annual impairment test conducted by the Company on September 30, 2007, 2006
and
2005 the estimated fair values of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying
amount, including goodwill. As such, no impairment was identified or
recorded.
F-8
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Income
Taxes-Deferred
taxes are determined based on the difference between the financial statement
and
tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, as well as any
net
operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce taxes payable
in
future years. A valuation allowance is provided when it is not considered more
likely than not that all of some portion of the deferred tax assets will be
realized. Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2007, have been included in the
consolidated financial statements without giving effect to the United States
taxes that may be payable on distribution to the United States to the extent
such earnings are not anticipated to be remitted to the United States.
The
Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation
No. 48 (“FIN 48”) “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” on
January 1, 2007. FIN 48 requires companies to determine whether it is “more
likely than not” that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the
appropriate taxing authorities before any tax benefit can be recorded in the
financial statements. It also provides guidance on the recognition, measurement,
classification and disclosure in the financial statements for uncertain tax
positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. No cumulative effect
of
a change in accounting principle or adjustment to the liability for unrecognized
tax benefits was recognized as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. Accordingly,
the adoption of FIN 48 did not have an effect on the results of operations
or
financial position of the Company.
Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation
- Effective
January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions
of
SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004) Share-Based
Payment (“SFAS123(R)”),
which required the measurement and recognition of stock-based compensation
expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors
based
on estimated fair value at the grant date. The stock-based compensation expense
is recognized over the requisite service period. The fair value is determined
using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
The
stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s various stock option
plans was allocated as follows (in thousands):
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|
||||||
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||
Cost
of sales
|
$
|
74
|
$
|
80
|
|||
Selling
and adminstrative expenses
|
100
|
101
|
|||||
Restructuring
costs
|
—
|
60
|
|||||
Total
stock-based compensation
|
$
|
174
|
$
|
241
|
Prior
to
adopting the provisions of SFAS 123(R), the Company recorded stock-based
compensation expense for employee stock options using the assumptions described
in Note 9, “Stock Options” pursuant to Accounting Principles Board (“APB”)
Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and provided the
required pro forma disclosures of SFAS 123. The following table illustrates
the
pro forma effect on net loss and basic and diluted net loss per share for 2005
had the Company accounted for employee stock-based compensation in accordance
with SFAS No. 123:
F-9
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year
Ended
|
||||
December 31, 2005
|
||||
(in thousands, except
|
||||
per share amounts)
|
||||
Net
loss, as reported
|
$
|
(1,651
|
)
|
|
Deduct:
Total stock-based employee compensation determined under the fair
value
method, net of related tax effects
|
(6,731
|
)
|
||
Add:
Stock-based compensation expense included in the determination
of net loss
as reported, net of related tax effects, related to extension of
stock
options
|
79
|
|||
Pro
forma net loss
|
$
|
(8,303
|
)
|
|
Net
loss per share, basic and diluted:
|
||||
As
reported
|
$
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
Pro
forma
|
$
|
(0.36
|
)
|
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments-The
carrying amounts of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents,
accounts receivable and accounts payable approximated fair value as of December
31, 2007 and 2006 because of the relative short maturity of these instruments.
The carrying amounts of long term obligations approximated their fair value
as
of December 31, 2007 and 2006 based upon rates currently available to the
Company.
Accounts
Receivable-The
majority of the Company’s accounts receivable are due from secondary publishers
and information providers. The Company establishes credit terms for new clients
based upon management’s review of their credit information and project terms,
and performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers, adjusting credit
terms
when management believes appropriate based upon payment history and an
assessment of their current credit worthiness. The Company records an allowance
for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of
its
clients to make required payments. The Company determines its allowance by
considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts
receivable are past due (accounts outstanding longer than the payment terms
are
considered past due), the Company’s previous loss history, the client’s current
ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general
economy and the industry as a whole. While credit losses have generally been
within expectations and the provisions established, the Company cannot guarantee
that credit loss rates in the future will be consistent with those experienced
in the past. In addition, there is credit exposure if the financial condition
of
one of the Company’s major clients were to deteriorate. In the event that the
financial condition of the Company’s clients were to deteriorate, resulting in
an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may
be
necessary.
Concentration
of Credit Risk-The
Company maintains its cash with high quality financial institutions,
located primarily in the United States. To the extent that such cash exceeds
the
maximum insurance levels, the Company is uninsured. The Company has not
experienced any losses in such accounts.
Earnings
per Share-
Basic
income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding during the year. Diluted income (loss) per share is computed
by considering the impact of the potential issuance of common shares, using
the
treasury stock method, on the weighted average number of shares outstanding.
As
the Company was in a net loss position for the year ended December 31, 2006
and
2005, the potential common shares derived from stock options were excluded
from
the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share as the shares would have
had
an anti-dilutive effect.
F-10
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Development
Costs for Software-Costs
for
the development of new software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed as
a
separate product or as part of a product or process, and substantial
enhancements to such existing software products, are expensed as research and
development costs as incurred until technological feasibility has been
established, at which time any additional development costs are capitalized
until the product is available for general release to customers. All other
research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
No
software development costs were capitalized during each of the three years
in
the period ended December 31, 2007. Included in selling and
administrative expense are research and development costs totaling approximately
$922,000 and $770,000 for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. The Company did not incur any research and development costs
in
2007.
Pension-The
Company records annual pension costs based on calculations, which include
various actuarial assumptions including discount rates, compensation increases
and other assumptions involving demographic factors. The Company reviews its
actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the
assumptions based on current rates and trends. The Company believes that the
assumptions used in recording its pension obligations are reasonable based
on
its experience, market conditions and inputs from its actuaries.
Reclassifications-Certain
reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ consolidated financial
statements to conform to the current year presentation.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,
Fair
Value Measurements
(“SFAS 157”), to define fair value, establish a framework for measuring
fair value in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United Sates of America, which expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. SFAS 157 requires quantitative disclosures using a tabular
format in all periods (interim and annual) and qualitative disclosures about
the
valuation techniques used to measure fair value in all annual periods.
SFAS 157 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2008. We do not
believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,
The
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities
(“SFAS
159”). SFAS 159 expands opportunities to use fair value measurements in
financial reporting and permits entities to choose to measure many financial
instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 will be
effective for us on January 1, 2008. We do not believe that the adoption of
SFAS 157 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial
statements.
In.
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS
141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles
and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial
statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any
non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The
Statement also establishes disclosure requirements which will enable users
to
evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS
141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The
adoption of SFAS 141(R) will have an impact on accounting for business
combinations once adopted, but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at
that
time.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB
No. 51.
SFAS
No. 160 requires entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests as
a component of shareholders’ equity on the balance sheet; include all earnings
of a consolidated subsidiary in consolidated results of operations; and treat
all transactions between an entity and noncontrolling interest as equity
transactions between the parties. SFAS
No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those
fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is
prohibited. SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively as of the beginning
of the fiscal year in which SFAS No. 160 is initially applied, except for
the presentation and disclosure requirements. The presentation and disclosure
requirements are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company
does not have a noncontrolling interest in one or more subsidiaries.
Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate that the initial application of
SFAS No. 160 will have an impact on the Company.
F-11
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2.
|
Property
and equipment
|
Property
and equipment, which include amounts recorded under capital leases, are stated
at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization (in thousands), consist
of the following:
December
31,
|
|
||||||
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||
Equipment
|
$
|
18,648
|
$
|
14,475
|
|||
Software
|
3,293
|
3,150
|
|||||
Furniture
and office equipment
|
1,672
|
1,328
|
|||||
Leasehold
improvements
|
3,550
|
3,317
|
|||||
Total
|
27,163
|
22,270
|
|||||
Less
accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
(20,003
|
)
|
(17,706
|
)
|
|||
$
|
7,160
|
$
|
4,564
|
Depreciation
expense was approximately $2,622,000, $2,750,000 and $2,561,000 for each of
the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.
At
December 31, 2007 and 2006, equipment under capital leases had a gross cost
of
approximately $1,481,000 and $707,000, respectively. Amortization of assets
under capital leases is included under depreciation expense.
3.
|
Income
taxes
|
The
significant components of the benefit from income taxes for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2007 (in thousands) are as follows:
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Current
income tax expense (benefit):
|
||||||||||
Foreign
|
$
|
441
|
$
|
191
|
$
|
144
|
||||
Federal
|
(359
|
)
|
(35
|
)
|
(821
|
)
|
||||
State
and local
|
(54
|
)
|
(11
|
)
|
-
|
|||||
28
|
145
|
(677
|
)
|
|||||||
Deferred
income tax expense (benefit) provision
|
||||||||||
Foreign
|
$
|
(103
|
)
|
$
|
(222
|
)
|
$
|
(52
|
)
|
|
Federal
|
31
|
-
|
139
|
|||||||
State
and local
|
(8
|
)
|
-
|
128
|
||||||
$
|
(80
|
)
|
$
|
(222
|
)
|
$
|
215
|
|||
Benefit
from income taxes
|
$
|
(52
|
)
|
$
|
(77
|
)
|
$
|
(462
|
)
|
F-12
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The
reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate
for each of the three years ended December 31, is summarized as
follows:
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Federal
statutory rate
|
34.0
|
%
|
(34.0
|
)%
|
(34.0
|
)%
|
||||
Effect
of:
|
||||||||||
State
income taxes (net of federal tax benefit)
|
(11.3
|
)
|
-
|
3.9
|
||||||
Taxes
on foreign income at rates that differ from US
|
||||||||||
Statutory
rate
|
(2.5
|
)
|
(6.4
|
)
|
(29.4
|
)
|
||||
Change
in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets
|
(4.8
|
)
|
39.1
|
33.4
|
||||||
IRS
refund for foreign subsidiaries
|
(8.7
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
||||||
Other
|
(7.8
|
)
|
0.3
|
4.2
|
||||||
Effective
rate
|
(1.1
|
)%
|
(1.0
|
)%
|
(21.9
|
)%
|
Tax
benefits related to stock option exercises were $334,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2005. Such benefits were recorded as a reduction of income taxes
payable and an increase in additional paid-in capital. No such benefit was
recorded in the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 due to net
operating loss carryforwards.
Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or non-current according
to
the classification of the related asset or liability. Significant components
of
the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, are as
follows (in thousands):
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||||
Deferred
income tax assets:
|
|||||||
Allowances
not currently deductible
|
$
|
88
|
$
|
145
|
|||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
95
|
239
|
|||||
Equity
compensation not currently deductible
|
212
|
559
|
|||||
Net
operating loss carryforward
|
4,682
|
4,396
|
|||||
Expenses
not deductible until paid
|
890
|
302
|
|||||
Total
gross deferred income tax assets before valuation
allowance
|
5,967
|
5,641
|
|||||
Valuation
allowance
|
(4,627
|
)
|
(4,340
|
)
|
|||
Net
deferred income tax assets
|
1,340
|
1,301
|
|||||
Deferred
income tax liabilities:
|
|||||||
Foreign
source income, not taxable until repatriated
|
(1,981
|
)
|
(1,981
|
)
|
|||
Net
deferred liability
|
$
|
(641
|
)
|
$
|
(680
|
)
|
|
Net
deferred income tax asset-current
|
202
|
190
|
|||||
Net
deferred income tax asset-long term
|
381
|
256
|
|||||
Net
deferred income tax liability-non-current
|
(1,224
|
)
|
(1,126
|
)
|
|||
Net
deferred income tax liability
|
$
|
(641
|
)
|
$
|
(680
|
)
|
F-13
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In
assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether
it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets
will not be realizable. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets
is
dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in
which temporary differences are deductible and net operating losses are
utilized. Based on a consideration of these factors, the Company has established
a valuation allowance of approximately $4,627,000 and $4,340,000 at
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase resulted primarily
from net operating losses incurred for which realization is uncertain. The
net
change in the total valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005 was an increase of $287,000, $3,213,000 and $1,127,000,
respectively. In 2007, the Company has utilized $2.1 million of net operating
losses. The 2006 increase was offset by a reversal of a valuation allowance
of
approximately $420,000 which has been recorded for one of the Company’s Indian
subsidiaries.
United
States and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes for each
of
the three years ended December 31, (in thousands) are as follows:
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
United
States
|
$
|
2,750
|
$
|
(9,707
|
)
|
$
|
(4,019
|
)
|
||
Foreign
|
1,764
|
2,307
|
1,906
|
|||||||
Total
|
$
|
4,514
|
$
|
(7,400
|
)
|
$
|
(2,113
|
)
|
Certain
of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are subject to tax holidays for various
periods ranging from 2007 to 2014, pursuant to which the income tax rate for
these subsidiaries is substantially reduced. Unless renewed, as the tax holidays
expire, the Company’s overall effective tax rate will be negatively impacted.
The tax benefit for tax holidays was approximately $95,000, $450,000 and
$500,000 for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.
The income tax holiday of one of our Philippine subsidiaries will expire in
May
2008.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has U.S. Federal and New Jersey state net
operating loss carryforwards available of approximately $11.7 million and $10
million, respectively, of which $2 million relates to exercise of stock options,
which when utlized would increase the additional paid in capital. These net
operating loss carryforwards expire at various times through 2027.
The
Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation
No. 48 (“FIN 48”) “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” on
January 1, 2007. FIN 48 requires companies to determine whether it is “more
likely than not” that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the
appropriate taxing authorities before any tax benefit can be recorded in the
financial statements. It also provides guidance on the recognition, measurement,
classification and disclosure in the financial statements for uncertain tax
positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. No cumulative effect
of
a change in accounting principle or adjustment to the liability for unrecognized
tax benefits was recognized as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. Accordingly,
the adoption of FIN 48 did not have an effect on the results of operations
or
financial position of the Company.
The
Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $740,000 and $786,000 at December
31,
2007 and 2006, respectively. The portion of unrecognized tax benefits relating
to interest and penalties were $153,000 and $138,000 at December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively. $564,000 and $549,000 of our unrecognized tax benefits
as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively if recognized, would have an impact
on
the Company’s effective tax rate.
F-14
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The
following presents a roll forward of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and
associated interest for the year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in
thousands):
|
Unrecognized tax
benefits
|
|||
Balance
- January 1, 2007
|
$
|
786
|
||
Settlement
of IRS income tax audit
|
(234
|
)
|
||
Increase
for current year position
|
176
|
|||
Interest
accrual
|
12
|
|||
Balance –
December 31, 2007
|
$
|
740
|
The
Company is subject to US federal income tax as well as income tax in various
states and foreign jurisdictions. In the third quarter of 2007, the IRS
completed the audit for the Company’s 2004 and 2005 income tax returns, which
resulted in a decrease to the Company’s net operating loss carryforward of
approximately $70,000. The Company is no longer subject to examination of
federal and New Jersey taxing authorities for years prior to 2006. Various
foreign subsidiaries currently have open tax years ranging from 2003 through
2006.
Pursuant
to an income tax audit by the Indian bureau of taxation, on March 27, 2006,
one
of the Company’s Indian subsidiaries received a tax assessment approximating
$404,000, including interest through December 31, 2007, for the fiscal tax
year
ended March 31, 2003. Management disagrees with the basis of the tax
assessment, and has filed an appeal against the assessment, which it will fight
vigorously. The Indian bureau of taxation has also completed an audit of the
Company’s Indian subsidiary’s income tax return for the fiscal tax year ended
March 31, 2004. The ultimate outcome was favorable, and there was no
tax assessment imposed for the fiscal tax year ended March 31, 2004.
On March 20, 2007, the Indian bureau of taxation commenced an audit of
the subsidiary’s income tax return for the fiscal year ended 2005. The ultimate
outcome cannot be determined at this time.
In
August
2004, IRS promulgated regulations, effective August 12, 2004, that had the
effect of making certain of our overseas entities that
are
incorporated in foreign jurisdictions and also domesticated as Delaware limited
liability companies as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
In the
preamble to such regulations, the IRS expressed its view that dual registered
companies described in the preceding sentence are also treated as U.S.
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes for periods prior to August
12, 2004. As a result, in December 2004, the Company effected certain filings
in
Delaware to ensure that these subsidiaries will not be treated as U.S.
corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes as of the date of filing
and
as such, were not subject to U.S. federal income taxes commencing
January 1, 2005. On January 30, 2006, the IRS issued its final
regulations, stating that neither the temporary regulations nor these final
regulations are retroactive. In December 2007, the Company received a
notification from IRS for the entitlement of the refund for taxes paid and
the
interest amounting to approximately $395,000 and $60,000, respectively. The
Company appropriately recorded a benefit and an income tax receivable at
December 31, 2007.
4.
|
Long
term obligations
|
Total
long-term obligation as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 consist of the
following:
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||||
Vendor
obligations
|
|||||||
Capital
lease obligations (1)
|
$
|
659
|
$
|
23
|
|||
Deferred
lease payments
|
131
|
177
|
|||||
Microsoft
license
|
4
|
609
|
|||||
Pension
obligations
|
|||||||
Accrued
pension liability
|
1,704
|
1,580
|
|||||
$
|
2,498
|
$
|
2,389
|
||||
Less:
Current portion of long-term obligations
|
370
|
825
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
2,128
|
$
|
1,564
|
F-15
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1)
In
2007, the Company financed the acquisition of certain computer and communication
equipments. The capital lease obligations bear interest at rates ranging from
6%
to 10% and are payable over two to five years. The Company paid in full its
capital lease obligation for software licenses acquired in 2006 in January
2008.
The
future minimum lease payments required under the capital leases and the present
value of the net minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2007 are as follows
(in thousands):
2008
|
$
|
303
|
||
2009
|
297
|
|||
2010
|
124
|
|||
2011
|
7
|
|||
Total
minimum lease payments
|
731
|
|||
Less:
Amount representing interest
|
72
|
|||
Present
value of net minimum lease payments
|
659
|
|||
Less:
Current maturities of capital lease obligations
|
260
|
|||
Long-term
capital lease obligations
|
$
|
399
|
5.
|
Commitments
and contingencies
|
Line
of Credit-The
Company has an uncommitted line of credit of $5 million which expires on
May 31, 2008. Under the terms of the agreement any amounts drawn against this
facility must be secured by a certificate of deposit of an equal amount.
Additionally, any amounts drawn will bear interest at the bank’s alternate base
rate plus ½% or LIBOR plus 3%. The Company has no outstanding obligations under
this credit line as of December 31, 2007.
Leases-The
Company is obligated under various operating lease agreements for office and
production space. Certain agreements contain escalation clauses and requirements
that the Company pay taxes, insurance and maintenance costs. Company leases
that
include escalated lease payments are expensed on a straight-line basis over
the
non-cancelable base lease period in accordance with SFAS 13.
Lease
agreements for production space in most overseas facilities, which expire
through 2030, contain provisions pursuant to which the Company may cancel the
leases with a minimal notice period, generally subject to forfeiture of security
deposit. The annual rental for the cancelable leased space in 2007 is
approximately $1,519,000. For each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2007, rent expense, principally for office and production
space, totaled approximately $2,575,000, $2,163,000 and $1,956,000,
respectively.
In
addition, the Company leases certain equipment under short-term operating lease
agreements. For each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2007, rent expense for equipment totaled approximately $207,000, $45,000 and
$71,000, respectively.
Future
minimum lease payments, by year and in the aggregate, under non-cancelable
operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of
December 31, 2007 (in thousands) are as follows:
F-16
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years
Ending December 31,
|
||||
2008
|
$
|
980
|
||
2009
|
813
|
|||
2010
|
480
|
|||
2011
|
165
|
|||
2012
|
116
|
|||
|
||||
Total
minimum lease payments
|
$
|
2,554
|
In
connection with the relocation of the Company’s Dallas office, the lessor agreed
to pay approximately $246,000 as incentive to terminate the lease prior to
its
contractual expiration date. In connection with this transaction, the Company
recognized income of approximately $246,000 in 2006 and in included in selling
and administrative expenses.
Litigation
-
In
connection with the cessation of operations in 2002 at certain Philippine
subsidiaries, and the failure in 2001 to arrive at agreeable terms for a
collective bargaining agreement with one of these subsidiaries, certain former
employees and the Innodata Employee Association (IDEA) filed various actions
against subsidiaries of Innodata Isogen, Inc., and also purportedly against
Innodata Isogen, Inc. and certain of the Company’s officers and directors. The
Supreme Court of the Philippines has refused to review a decision in these
actions by a lower appellate court against one of these subsidiaries in the
Philippines that is inactive and has no material assets, and purportedly also
against Innodata Isogen, Inc., that orders the reinstatement of certain former
employees to their former positions and payment of back wages and benefits
that
aggregate approximately $7.5 million. A motion filed by the Philippine
subsidiary with the Supreme Court to reconsider the refusal of the Supreme
Court
to review the decision of the lower appellate court was denied by the Supreme
Court, and the Philippine subsidiary has filed a second motion with the Supreme
Court to reconsider the refusal of the Supreme Court to review the decision
of
the lower appellate court. All other Company affiliates were found by the lower
appellate court to have no liability. Based on consultation with legal counsel,
the Company believes that should the order of the lower appellate court be
upheld, recovery against Innodata Isogen, Inc. would nevertheless be
unlikely.
The
Company is also subject to various legal proceedings and claims which arise
in
the ordinary course of business.
While
management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings
will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or
overall trends in results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent
uncertainties. Substantial recovery against the Company in the above referenced
Philippines actions could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and
unfavorable rulings or recoveries in the other proceedings could have a material
adverse impact on the operating results of the period in which the ruling or
recovery occurs. In addition, the Company’s estimate of potential impact on the
Company’s financial position or overall results of operations for the above
legal proceedings could change in the future.
Foreign
Currency-The
Company’s production facilities are located in the Philippines, India and Sri
Lanka. To the extent that the currencies of these countries fluctuate, the
Company is subject to risks of changing costs of production after pricing is
established for certain customer projects. However, most significant contracts
contain provisions for price renegotiation.
Indemnifications-The
Company is obligated under certain circumstances to indemnify directors, certain
officers and employees against costs and liabilities incurred in actions or
threatened actions brought against such individual because such individuals
acted in the capacity of director and/or officer or fiduciary of the Company.
In
addition, the Company has contracts with certain clients pursuant to which
the
Company has agreed to indemnify the client for certain specified and limited
claims. These indemnification obligations are in the ordinary course of business
and, in many cases, do not include a limit on potential maximum future payments.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company has not recorded a liability for any
obligations arising as a result of these indemnifications.
F-17
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Liens-In
connection with the procurement of tax incentives at two of the Company’s
foreign subsidiaries, the foreign zoning authority was granted a first lien
on
the subsidiary’s property and equipment. As of December 31, 2007, the
net book value of the property and equipment were $859,000.
6.
|
PENSION
BENEFITS
|
U.S.
Defined Contribution Pension Plan - The
Company has a defined contribution plan qualified under Section 401(k) of
the Internal Revenue Code, pursuant to which substantially all of
its U.S. employees are eligible to participate after completing six months
of
service. Participants may elect to contribute a portion of their compensation
to
the plan. Under the plan, the Company has the discretion to match a portion
of
participants’ contributions.
The Company intends to match approximately $126,000 to the plan for the year
ended December 31, 2007. For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005,
the Company’s matching contributions were approximately $131,000 and $71,000
respectively.
Non-U.S.
Pension benefits
-
In
September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 158, Employers’
Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an
amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R) (“FAS 158”). FAS
158 requires an employer to recognize a net liability or asset and an offsetting
adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income to report the funded status
of defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans effective
for
the Company’s year ended December 31, 2006. As required, the Company has
adopted this statement and applied it prospectively beginning with the Company’s
fiscal year-end December 31, 2006. The adoption resulted in recognition of
additional pension liabilities of $877,000, an increase of 117,000 to total
assets and a decrease to stockholders equity of $760,000.
Most
of
the non-U.S. subsidiaries provide for government mandated defined pension
benefits. For certain of these subsidiaries, vested eligible employees are
provided a lump sum payment upon retiring from the Company at a defined age.
The
lump sum amount is based on the salary and tenure as of retirement date. Other
non-U.S subsidiaries provide for a lump sum payment to vested employees on
retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, based upon
the
salary and tenure as of the date employment ceases. The liability for such
defined benefit obligations is determined and provided on the basis of actuarial
valuations as of December 31, 2007. Pension expense for foreign subsidiaries
totaled approximately $667,000, $313,000 and $251,000 for each
of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.
Included
in accrued salaries, wages and related benefits as of December 31, 2007 and
2006
are accrued pension liabilities related to the above unfunded plans totaling
approximately $920,000 and $703,000.
The
following table summarizes gain and (losses) net of taxes recognized in
accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands):
F-18
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|
||||||
|
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|||
Amount
recognized on adoption of SFAS 158
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(760
|
)
|
||
Amortization
of transition obligation
|
83
|
—
|
|||||
Actuarial
gain (loss)
|
466
|
—
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
549
|
$
|
(760
|
)
|
||
Amounts
in accumulated other comprehensive loss not yet reflected
in net periodic benefit cost, net of
taxes:
|
|||||||
Acturial
(gain) loss
|
$
|
(466
|
)
|
$
|
—
|
||
Transition
obligation
|
677
|
760
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
211
|
$
|
760
|
|||
Amounts
in accumulated other comprehensive loss expected to be
amortized in fiscal 2008 net periodic benefit cost, net of
taxes:
|
|||||||
|
|||||||
Acturial
(gain) loss
|
$
|
(46
|
)
|
||||
Transition
obligation
|
83
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
37
|
The
following table sets out the status of the non-U.S pension benefits and the
amounts (in thousands) recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.
Benefit
Obligations:
Change
in the benefit obligation
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
Projected
benefit obligation at beginning of the year
|
$
|
1,580
|
$
|
493
|
$
|
327
|
||||
Service
cost
|
404
|
176
|
129
|
|||||||
Interest
cost
|
121
|
68
|
34
|
|||||||
Actuarial
loss (gain)
|
(442
|
)
|
903
|
54
|
||||||
Foreign
currency exchange rate changes
|
259
|
26
|
-
|
|||||||
Benefits
paid
|
(62
|
)
|
(86
|
)
|
(51
|
)
|
||||
Projected
benefit obligation at end of year
|
$
|
1,860
|
$
|
1,580
|
$
|
493
|
Components
of Net Periodic Pension Cost:
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||||
Service
cost
|
$
|
404
|
$
|
176
|
$
|
129
|
||||
Interest
cost
|
121
|
68
|
34
|
|||||||
Amortization
for increase (decrease) in liability
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Actuarial
loss (gain) recognized
|
142
|
45
|
54
|
|||||||
Net
periodic pension cost
|
$
|
667
|
$
|
289
|
$
|
217
|
F-19
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Actuarial
assumptions for all non-U.S. plans are described below. The discount rates are
used to measure the year end benefit obligations and the earnings effects for
the subsequent year.
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
Discount
rate
|
8%-10%
|
|
6.5%-10%
|
|
7.5%-14%
|
|
||||
Rate
of increase in compensation levels
|
10-13%
|
|
7%-10%
|
|
7%-10%
|
|
Estimated
Future Benefit Payments:
The
following benefit payments (in thousands), which reflect expected future
service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
Years
Ending December 31,
|
||||
2008
|
41
|
|||
2009
|
46
|
|||
2010
|
56
|
|||
2011
|
50
|
|||
2012
|
54
|
|||
2013
to 2017
|
459
|
7.
|
RESTRUCTURING
COST
|
In
September 2006, as
part of
an overall cost reduction plan to reduce operating costs, the Company announced
a worldwide workforce reduction of slightly under 300 employees, the majority
of
whom were based in Asia. Most employees were terminated prior to September
2006,
and the plan was substantially implemented by the end of 2006.
As
a
result, the Company recorded total charges of $604,000 in 2006 associated with
the restructuring plan. The 2006 charge consisted of $531,000 of employee
severance costs and $73,000 of costs to implement the plan. Of the total amount,
$60,000 represents charges relating to stock option modifications.
In
connection with the restructuring, the Company paid cash of $544,000 and
recognized costs amounting to $60,000 for stock option modifications. The
Company currently expects no future costs to be incurred associated with the
restructuring plan.
As
of
December 31, 2006, accrued expenses included approximately $102,000 related
to
the restructuring charges, which were paid in 2007.
Relative
to the restructuring, the Company modified the expiration date of an option
held
by a departing officer to purchase 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock
at an exercise price of $2.59. The option, which was scheduled to expire at
a
rate of 20,000 shares per year commencing on May 31, 2009, was modified wherein
20,000 shares continue to expire on May 31, 2009, 20,000 shares continue to
expire on May 31, 2010 and the remaining 60,000 shares will also expire on
May 31, 2010. The modification also provided that the option will survive the
termination of the officer’s employment with the Company. The Company
recognized, as part of the restructuring cost, $60,000 related to the stock
option modification.
F-20
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8. CAPITAL
STOCK
Common
Stock - The Company is
authorized to issue 75,000,000 shares of common stock. Each share of common
stock has one vote. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any
outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled
to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by the Board
of
Directors. No common stock dividends have been declared to date.
Preferred
Stock - The
Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000
shares of preferred stock. The
Board
of Directors is authorized to fix the terms, rights, preferences and limitations
of the preferred stock and to issue the preferred stock in series which differ
as to their relative terms, rights, preferences and limitations.
Stockholder
Rights Plan - On
December 16, 2002, the Board of Directors adopted a Stockholder Rights Plan
(“Rights Plan”) in which one right (“Right”) was declared as a dividend for each
share of the Company’s common stock outstanding. The purpose of the plan is to
deter a hostile takeover of the Company. Each Right entitles its holders to
purchase, under certain conditions, one one-thousandth of a share of newly
authorized Series C Participating Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”), with
one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock intended to be the economic
and
voting equivalent of one share of the Company’s common stock. Rights will be
exercisable only if a person or group acquires beneficial ownership of 15%
(25%
in the case of specified executive officers of the Company) or more of the
Company’s common stock or commences a tender or exchange offer, upon the
consummation of which such person or group would beneficially own such
percentage of the common stock. Upon such an event, the Rights enable dilution
of the acquiring person’s or group’s interest by providing that other holders of
the Company’s common stock may purchase, at an exercise price of $4.00, the
Company’s common stock having a market value of $8.00 based on the then market
price of the Company’s common stock, or at the discretion of the Board of
Directors, Preferred Stock, having double the value of such exercise price.
The
Company will be entitled to redeem the Rights at $.001 per Right under certain
circumstances set forth in the Rights Plan. The Rights themselves have no voting
power and will expire on December 26, 2012, unless earlier exercised,
redeemed or exchanged.
Common
Stock Reserved - As
of
December 31, 2007, the Company had reserved for issuance approximately
5,534,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the Company’s stock option plans.
Treasury
Stock - In
August, 2006, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0
million of its common stock of which approximately $681,000 remains available
for repurchase under the program as of December 31, 2007. During the year ended
December 31, 2007, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common
stock. During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company had repurchased
182,262 shares of its common stock at a cost of $319,000. There is no expiration
date associated with the program.
9. STOCK
OPTIONS
The
Company adopted, with stockholder approval, 1998, 2001, and 2002 Stock Option
Plans (the “1998 Plan,” “2001 Plan,” and “2002 Plan”, and collectively the
“Plans”) which provide for the granting of options to purchase not more than an
aggregate of 3,600,000, 900,000, and 950,000 shares of common stock,
respectively, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. Such options
may be incentive stock options (“ISOs”) within the meaning of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or options that do not qualify as ISOs
(“Non-Qualified Options”).
The
option exercise price per share may not be less than the fair market value
per
share of common stock on the date of grant (110% of such fair market value
for
an ISO, if the grantee owns stock possessing more than 10% of the combined
voting power of all classes of the Company’s stock). Options may be granted
under the Stock Option Plans to all officers, directors, and employees of the
Company and, in addition, Non-Qualified Options may be granted to other parties
who perform services for the Company. No options may be granted under the 1998
Plan after July 8, 2008; under the 2001 Plan after May 31, 2011; and
under the 2002 Plan after June 30, 2012.
F-21
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The
Plans
may be amended from time to time by the Board of Directors of the Company.
However, the Board of Directors may not, without stockholder approval, amend
the
Plans to increase the number of shares of common stock which may be issued
under
the Plans (except upon changes in capitalization as specified in the Plans),
decrease the minimum exercise price provided in the Plans or change the class
of
persons eligible to participate in the Plans.
The
fair
value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option pricing model. The weighted average fair values of the options granted
and weighted average assumptions are as follows:
For
the Years Ended December 31,
|
||||||||||
2007
|
2006
(1)
|
2005
|
||||||||
Weighted
average fair value of options granted
|
$
|
2.99
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
3.28
|
||||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
4.61
|
%
|
—
|
4.39
|
%
|
|||||
Expected
life (years)
|
8.00
|
—
|
8.00
|
|||||||
Expected
volatility factor
|
122
|
%
|
—
|
150
|
%
|
|||||
Expected
dividends
|
None
|
—
|
None
|
(1)
There
were no options granted in 2006.
The
Company estimates the risk-free interest rate using the U.S. Treasury yield
curve for periods equal to the expected term of the options in effect at the
time of grant. The expected term of options granted is based on a combination
of
vesting schedules, term of the options and historical experience. Expected
volatility was based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock.
The
Company uses an expected dividend yield of zero since it has never declared
or
paid any dividends on its capital stock.
A
summary
of option activity under the Plans as of December 31, 2007, and changes during
the year then ended is presented below:
Number
of
Shares
|
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
|
Weighted-Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (years)
|
Aggregate Intrinsic
Value
|
||||||||||
Outstanding
as January 1, 2007
|
4,548,950
|
$
|
2.14
|
||||||||||
Granted
|
105,000
|
$
|
3.21
|
||||||||||
Exercised
|
(1,418,937
|
)
|
$
|
0.94
|
|||||||||
Forfeited
|
(65,000
|
)
|
$
|
3.13
|
|||||||||
Expired
|
(1,750
|
)
|
$
|
4.00
|
|||||||||
Outstanding
as December 31, 2007
|
3,168,263
|
$
|
2.69
|
5.6
|
$
|
8,423,669
|
|||||||
Exercisable
at December 31, 2007
|
3,089,335
|
$
|
2.67
|
5.5
|
$
|
8,279,397
|
F-22
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The
number and weighted-average grant-date fair value of non-vested stock options
is
as follows:
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
|
||||
Non-vested
January 1, 2007
|
70,783
|
$
|
2.92
|
||||
Granted
|
105,000
|
2.99
|
|||||
Forfeited
|
(38,021
|
)
|
2.81
|
||||
Vested
|
(58,834
|
)
|
2.25
|
||||
Non-vested
December 31, 2007
|
78,928
|
$
|
3.56
|
The
total
compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized as
of
December 31, 2007 totaled approximately $227,000. These costs are
expected to be recognized over a weighted- average term of 2.49
years.
Because
of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards, no tax benefits resulting
from the exercise of stock options have been recorded, thus there was no effect
on cash flows from operating or financing activities.
The
total
intrinsic value of options exercised for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2007 was approximately $4,339,000, $1,131,000 and
$1,728,000, respectively. The total fair value of stock options vested during
the year ended December 31, 2007 was approximately $132,000.
The
stock
options granted have a maximum term of up to ten years and generally vest over
a
four year period. In
2005,
the Company granted to officers and directors, fully vested options to purchase
760,000 shares of the Company's common stock ("Option Shares") at an exercise
price of ranging between $3.00 and $3.46 per share. The options expire on the
earlier of (i) ten years after date of grant, (ii) 60 days after employment
ceases and (iii) 12 months following the termination of employment as a result
of his or her death or disability. Furthermore, no Option Shares may be sold
during the first year after the date of grant; no more than 25% of the Option
Shares may be sold during the second year after the date of grant; no more
than
50% of the Option Shares may be sold during the second and third years after
the
date of grant, and no more than 75% of the Option Shares may be sold during
the
second, third and fourth years after the date of grant. No restrictions on
sales
apply after the fourth anniversary of the date of grant.
In
May 2005, the Company and certain of its officers and directors agreed to
change the initial exercise price and initial expiration date of vested options
to purchase 1,390,346 shares of the Company’s common stock held by such officers
to a new price of $2.59, and to new expiration dates as follows:
Quantity
|
Initial
Price
|
Initial Expiration Date
|
New
Price
|
New Expiration Date
|
|||||||||
540,346
|
$
|
1.56
|
May
31, 2005
|
$
|
2.59
|
108,000
per year commencing May 31, 2009, remainder on May 31,
2013
|
|||||||
810,000
|
$
|
2.25
|
770,000
on October, 8, 2005 and 40,000 on October 18, 2005
|
$
|
2.59
|
162,000
per year commencing September 30, 2009 until September 30, 2012,
8,000 on
September 30, 2013 and 154,000 on March 31, 2014
|
|||||||
40,000
|
$
|
2.50
|
October
3, 2005
|
$
|
2.59
|
October
3, 2010
|
F-23
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In
connection with the extension, the option holders agreed not to sell, pledge
or
otherwise dispose of any of the shares of common stock received upon exercise
of
their respective option(s) referred to above until the earliest to occur of
(i)
May 16, 2007; (ii) the first day on which the closing market price for the
Company’s stock is at least $5.00 per share for ten consecutive trading days; or
(iii) the termination of employment or directorship (as applicable) with the
Company either (A) by the Company, for reasons other than “for cause” or (B) by
the option holder, upon mutual agreement between the option holder and the
Company.
In
addition, the Chief Executive Officer further agreed to pay to the Company
any
pre-tax net profit earned from the sale of the shares of common stock received
upon exercise of his options set forth above if he directly or indirectly
competes with the Company or solicits Company customers or clients during the
period from May 16, 2005 until the first anniversary of the termination of
his
employment for any reason.
No
equity
compensation expense was recognized because the exercise price of the modified
options was equal to the price of the underlying common stock on the date the
grants were modified. In addition, pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force
(“EITF”) 00-23, Issues Related to the Accounting for Stock Compensation under
APB Opinion No. 25 and FASB Interpretation No. 44, the Company has determined
that the modified grants continue to qualify for fixed accounting
treatment.
In
December 2005, the Company accelerated the vesting of options to purchase
790,000 shares of Common Stock that were previously granted to the Chief
Executive Officer and certain officers and directors. Pursuant to the
modification agreement, the officers and directors agreed to not sell, pledge
or
otherwise dispose of more than a certain number of shares issued or issuable
upon exercise of these options during the period of time that such option shares
would otherwise have not vested. As a result of the accelerated vesting,
approximately $1.3 million of future non-compensation charges was not required
effective January 1, 2006 because of the Company’s adoption of SFAS 123
(R).
On
September 12, 2007, the Company’s Chairman and CEO (the “CEO”) exercised
1,139,160 stock options at a total exercise price of $882,844. The CEO paid
the
exercise price by surrendering to the Company 229,310 of the shares of common
stock he would have otherwise received on the option exercise. In addition,
the
CEO surrendered 395,695 shares to the Company in consideration of the payment
by
the Company on his behalf of $1,523,426 of the Company’s minimum withholding tax
requirement payable in respect of the option exercise. Because the payment
value
attributable to the surrendered shares upon settlement does not exceed the
fair
value of the option, no compensation cost was recognized at the date of
settlement. In connection with this transaction, the Company issued a net total
of 514,155 shares of common stock to the CEO.
10.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The
components of comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in
thousands):
December
31,
|
|||||||
2007
|
2006
|
||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4,566
|
($7,323
|
)
|
|||
Pension
liability adjustment
|
549
|
(760
|
)
|
||||
Comprehensive
income (loss)
|
$
|
5,115
|
($8,083
|
)
|
F-24
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss as reflected in the consolidated balance sheet consists
of pension liability adjustments.
11. SEGMENT
REPORTING AND CONCENTRATIONS
In
2007,
the Company commenced a reorganization of its management and operating
structure. Prior to 2007, the Company’s operations were classified into two
operating segments: (1) content-related BPO and KPO services and (2) IT
professional services. In this reorganization, management merged the
content-related BPO services and IT professional services segments (ceasing
to
monitor its operations by these two segments). With this reorganization,
the
Company consists of one business that generates revenues and expenses.
The
Company’s chief
operating decision maker reviews the full operating results of the entire
Company at the consolidated level. Thus, the Company's current operating segment
structure reflects the way the chief operating decision maker looks at the
overall Company to evaluate performance and makes executive decisions (including
the allocation of resources) about the business. There is no end to end
responsibility or management other than at the consolidated level and discrete
financial information is available at the consolidated level. Thus,
as
of December 31, 2007, the Company has one operating segment.
The
Company’s services revenues are generated principally from its production
facilities located in the Philippines, India and Sri Lanka. The Company does
not
depend on revenues from sources internal to the countries in which the Company
operates; nevertheless, the Company is subject to certain adverse economic
and
political risks relating to overseas economies in general, such as inflation,
currency fluctuations and regulatory burdens.
Long-lived
assets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively by geographic region
are
comprised of:
2007
|
2006
|
||||||
(in
thousands)
|
|||||||
United
States
|
$
|
1,643
|
$
|
1,928
|
|||
Foreign
countries:
|
|||||||
Philippines
|
3,785
|
2,250
|
|||||
India
|
1,898
|
626
|
|||||
Sri
Lanka
|
509
|
456
|
|||||
Total
foreign
|
6,192
|
3,332
|
|||||
$
|
7,835
|
$
|
5,260
|
The
Company's top four clients generated approximately 61%, 54% and 53% of our
revenues is the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. No other client accounted for 10% or more of revenues during
these
periods. Further, in the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
revenues to non-US clients accounted for 23%, 37% and 35%, respectively, of
the
Company's revenues.
Revenues
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, by geographic
region (determined based upon customer’s domicile), are as follows:
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
(in
thousands)
|
||||||||||
United
States
|
$
|
52,017
|
$
|
25,951
|
$
|
27,243
|
||||
The
Netherlands
|
9,070
|
10,200
|
10,819
|
|||||||
Other
- principally Europe
|
6,644
|
4,802
|
3,990
|
|||||||
$
|
67,731
|
$
|
40,953
|
$
|
42,052
|
F-25
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A
significant amount of the Company's revenues are derived from clients in the
publishing industry. Accordingly, the Company's accounts receivable generally
include significant amounts due from such clients. In addition, as of
December 31, 2007, approximately 18% of the Company's accounts receivable
was from foreign (principally European) clients and 50% of accounts receivable
was due from one client. As of December 31, 2006, approximately 28% of the
Company's accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) clients
and 21% of accounts receivable was due from one client.
12.
INCOME
(LOSS) PER SHARE
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
(in
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
4,566
|
$
|
(7,323
|
)
|
$
|
(1,651
|
)
|
||
Weighted
average common shares outstanding
|
24,142
|
24,021
|
23,009
|
|||||||
Dilutive
effect of outstanding options
|
1,185
|
-
|
-
|
|||||||
Adjusted
for dilutive computation
|
25,327
|
24,021
|
23,009
|
|||||||
Basic
income (loss) per share
|
$
|
.19
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
||
Diluted
income (loss) per share
|
$
|
.18
|
$
|
(.30
|
)
|
$
|
(.07
|
)
|
Basic
income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding during the year. Diluted income (loss) per share is computed
by considering the impact of the potential issuance of common shares, using
the
treasury stock method, on the weighted average number of shares outstanding.
Options to purchase 2.8 million shares of common stock in 2006 and 3.1 million
shares of common stock in 2005 were outstanding but not included in the
computation of diluted income per share because the options’ exercise price was
greater than the average market price of the common shares and therefore, the
effect would have been antidilutive. In addition, diluted net loss per share
does not include 0.8 million and 1.7 million potential common shares derived
from stock options for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively
because
as a result of the Company incurring losses, their effect would have been
antidilutive.
13. QUARTERLY
FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
The
quarterly results of operations are summarized below:
First
Quarter
|
Second
Quarter
|
Third
Quarter
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
||||||||||
(in
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
|||||||||||||
2007
|
|||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
12,729
|
$
|
16,347
|
$
|
18,138
|
$
|
20,517
|
|||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
(643
|
)
|
$
|
862
|
$
|
2,115
|
$
|
2,232
|
||||
Basic
net income (loss) per share
|
$
|
(.03
|
)
|
$
|
.04
|
$
|
.09
|
$
|
.09
|
||||
Diluted
net income (loss) per share
|
$
|
(.03
|
)
|
$
|
.03
|
$
|
.08
|
$
|
.09
|
||||
2006
|
|||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$
|
10,285
|
$
|
9,721
|
$
|
10,400
|
$
|
10,547
|
|||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(1,346
|
)
|
$
|
(2,952
|
)
|
$
|
(2,196
|
)
|
$
|
(829
|
)
|
|
Basic
net loss per share
|
$
|
(.06
|
)
|
$
|
(.12
|
)
|
$
|
(.09
|
)
|
$
|
(.03
|
)
|
|
Diluted
net loss per share
|
$
|
(.06
|
)
|
$
|
(.12
|
)
|
$
|
(.09
|
)
|
$
|
(.03
|
)
|
F-26
Exhibits
which are indicated as being included in previous filings are incorporated
herein by reference.
Exhibit
|
Description
|
Filed
as Exhibit
|
||
3.1
(a)
|
Restated
Certificate of Incorporation filed on April 29, 1993
|
Filed
as Exhibit 3.1(a) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December
31,
2003
|
||
3.1
(b)
|
Certificate
of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Innodata Corporation
filed
on March 1, 2001
|
Filed
as Exhibit 3.1(b) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December
31,
2003
|
||
3.1
(c)
|
Certificate
of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Innodata Corporation
Filed
on November 14, 2003
|
Filed
as Exhibit 3.1(c) to our Form 10-K for the year ended December
31,
2003
|
||
3.2
|
Form
of Amended and Restated By-Laws
|
Exhibit
3.1 to Form 8-K dated December 16, 2002
|
||
3.3
|
Form
of Certificate of Designation of Series C Participating Preferred
Stock
|
Filed
as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K dated December 16,
2002
|
||
4.2
|
Specimen
of Common Stock certificate
|
Exhibit
4.2 to Form SB-2 Registration Statement No. 33-62012
|
||
4.3
|
Form
of Rights Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2002 between Innodata
Corporation and American Stock Transfer & Trust Co., as Rights
Agent
|
Exhibit
4.1 to Form 8-K dated December 16, 2002
|
||
10.1
|
1994
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated August 9, 1994
|
||
10.2
|
1993
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
10.4 to Form SB-2 Registration Statement No. 33-62012
|
||
10.3
|
Form
of Indemnification Agreement between us and our directors and one
of our
officers
|
Filed
as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-K dated December 31, 2002
|
||
10.4
|
1994
Disinterested Directors Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
B to Definitive Proxy dated August 9, 1994
|
||
10.5
|
1995
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated August 10, 1995
|
||
10.6
|
1996
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated November 7, 1996
|
||
10.7
|
1998
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated November 5, 1998
|
||
10.8
|
2001
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated June 29, 2001
|
||
10.9
|
2002
Stock Option Plan
|
Exhibit
A to Definitive Proxy dated September 3, 2002
|
||
10.10
|
Employment
Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004 with George
Kondrach
|
Filed
as Exhibit 10.10 to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2003
|
||
10.11
|
Letter
Agreement dated as of August 9, 2004, by and between us and The
Bank of
New York
|
Filed
as Exhibit 10.2 to Form S-3 Registration statement No.
333-121844
|
||
10.12
|
Employment
Agreement dated as of December 22,2005 22, 2005, by and between
us and
Steven L. Ford
|
Exhibit
10.1 to Form 8-K dated December 28, 2005
|
||
10.13
|
Form
of 2001 Stock Option Plan Grant Letter, dated December 22, 2005Employment
Agreement dated as of December 22,2005 Dated December 22,
2005
|
Filed
as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K dated December 28, 2005
|
||
10.14
|
Form
of 1995 Stock Option Agreement
|
Exhibit
10.4 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.15
|
Form
of 1998 Stock Option Agreement for Directors
|
Exhibit
10.5 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.16
|
Form
of 1998 Stock Option Agreement for Officers
|
Exhibit
10.6 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
F-27
10.17
|
Form
of 2001 Stock Option Agreement
|
Exhibit
10.7 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.18
|
Form
of new vesting and lock-up agreement for each of Haig Bagerdjian,
Louise
Forlenza, John Marozsan and Todd Solomon
|
Exhibit
10.8 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.19
|
Form
of new vesting and lock-up agreement for Jack Abuhoff
|
Exhibit
10.9 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.20
|
Form
of new vesting and lock-up agreement for George Kondrach
|
Exhibit
10.10 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.21
|
Form
of new vesting and lock-up agreement for Stephen Agress
|
Exhibit
10.11 to Form 8-K dated December 15, 2005
|
||
10.22
|
Form
of 2001 Stock Option Plan Grant Letter, dated December 31, 2005,
for
Messrs. Abuhoff, Agress and Kondrach
|
Exhibit
10.2 to Form 8-K dated January 5, 2006
|
||
10.23
|
Form
of 2001 Stock Option Plan Grant Letter, dated December 31, 2005,
for
Messrs. Bagerdjian and Marozsan and Ms. Forlenza
|
Exhibit
10.3 to Form 8-K dated January 5, 2006
|
||
10.24
|
Transition
Agreement Dated as of September 29, 2006 2006 with Stephen
Agress
|
Exhibit
10.1 to Form 8-K dated October 3, 2006
|
||
10.25
|
Form
of Stock Option Modification Agreement with With Stephen
Agress
|
Exhibit
10.2 to Form 8-K dated October 3, 2006
|
||
10.26
|
Employment
Agreement dated as of February 1, 2006 with Jack Abuhoff
|
Exhibit
10.2 to Form 8-K dated April 27, 2006
|
||
10.27
|
Employment
Agreement dated as of January 1, 2007 with Ashok
Mishra
|
Filed
as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q dated June 30, 2007
|
||
10.28
|
Innodata
Isogen Incentive Compensation Plan
|
Exhibit
10.1 to Form 8-K dated February 13, 2008
|
||
21
|
Significant
subsidiaries of the registrant
|
Filed
herewith
|
||
23
|
Consent
of Grant Thornton LLP
|
Filed
herewith
|
||
31.1
|
Certificate
of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002
|
Filed
herewith
|
||
31.2
|
Certificate
of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
|
Filed
herewith
|
||
32.1
|
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section
906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
Filed
herewith
|
||
32.2
|
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section
906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
Filed
herewith
|
F-28
INNODATA
ISOGEN, INC.
SCHEDULE
II
VALUATION
AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(Dollars
in Thousands)
Activity
in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was as follows:
Additions
|
||||||||||||||||
Period
|
Balance at Beginning of Period |
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
|
Charged to
Other Accounts
|
Deductions
|
Balance at
End of Period
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
$
|
70
|
$
|
108
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(75
|
)
|
$
|
127
|
|||||
2006
|
$
|
111
|
$
|
(9
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(33
|
)
|
$
|
70
|
||||
2005
|
$
|
135
|
$
|
9
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(33
|
)
|
$
|
111
|