INNOSPEC INC. - Quarter Report: 2017 September (Form 10-Q)

INNOSPEC INC. - Quarter Report: 2017 September (Form 10-Q)

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10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-13879

INNOSPEC INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DELAWARE

98-0181725

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

8310 South Valley Highway

Suite 350

Englewood

Colorado

80112

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (303) 792 5554

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Class		Outstanding as of October 31, 2017
Common Stock, par value $0.01		24,137,575

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	4

Item 1	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	6
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (continued)	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity	10
	Notes To The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements	11
Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017	24
	Critical Accounting Estimates	24
	Results of Operations	24
	Liquidity and Financial Condition	33
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	34
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	35

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	36

Item 1	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A	Risk Factors	36
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
Item 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	36
Item 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	36
Item 5	Other Information	36
Item 6	Exhibits	37

SIGNATURES		38

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT RELATIVE TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts included or incorporated herein may constitute forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include statements (covered by words like “expects,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “may,” “believes,” “feels” or similar words or expressions, for example) which relate to earnings, growth potential, operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future. Although forward-looking statements are believed by management to be reasonable when made, they are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and our actual performance or results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Additional information regarding risks, uncertainties and assumptions relating to Innospec and affecting our business operations and prospects are described in Innospec’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and other reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. You are urged to review our discussion of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from forward-looking statements under the heading “Risk Factors” in such reports. Innospec undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions, except share and per share data)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales	$	332.4		$	205.5		$	953.0		$	645.6
Cost of goods sold		(233.6	)		(126.3	)		(658.2	)		(404.7	)

Gross profit		98.8			79.2			294.8			240.9
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative		(60.7	)		(56.1	)		(176.9	)		(153.1	)
Research and development		(7.9	)		(6.5	)		(23.8	)		(19.6	)
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			2.3			0.0			6.3
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.0	)		(1.4	)
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.8	)		0.0

Total operating expenses		(68.6	)		(60.3	)		(203.5	)		(167.8	)

Operating income		30.2			18.9			91.3			73.1
Other net income/(expense)		1.8			(5.0	)		2.9			3.2
Interest expense, net		(2.1	)		(0.7	)		(6.3	)		(2.2	)

Income before income taxes		29.9			13.2			87.9			74.1
Income taxes		(6.6	)		(1.8	)		(21.3	)		(14.9	)

Net income	$	23.3		$	11.4		$	66.6		$	59.2

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.97		$	0.48		$	2.76		$	2.47

Diluted	$	0.95		$	0.47		$	2.71		$	2.42

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands):
Basic		24,137			23,977			24,119			23,989

Diluted		24,565			24,476			24,569			24,462

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net income	$	23.3		$	11.4		$	66.6		$	59.2

Other comprehensive income:
Changes in cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax of $(0.4) million, $0.1 million, $(1.3) million and $(0.7) million, respectively		18.1			(0.1	)		30.7			(0.3	)
Changes in unrealized gains on derivative instruments, net of tax of $0.0 million, $0.0 million, $0.0 million and $0.0 million, respectively		0.2			0.0			0.2			0.0
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax of $0.0 million, $0.0 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively		(0.2	)		(0.2	)		(0.6	)		(0.7	)
Amortization of actuarial net losses, net of tax of $(0.1) million, $(0.1) million, $(0.6) million and $(0.4) million, respectively		1.1			0.5			3.1			1.6

Total other comprehensive income		19.2			0.2			33.4			0.6

Total comprehensive income	$	42.5		$	11.6		$	100.0		$	59.8

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


(in millions, except share and per share data)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65.5		$	101.9
Trade and other accounts receivable (less allowances of $4.3 million and $4.7 million respectively)		245.6			154.4
Inventories (less allowances of $9.4 million and $8.6 million respectively):
Finished goods		144.7			118.1
Raw materials		66.8			55.7

Total inventories		211.5			173.8
Prepaid expenses		4.1			6.2
Prepaid income taxes		4.0			4.8
Other current assets		2.0			0.0

Total current assets		532.7			441.1
Property, plant and equipment:
Gross cost		312.9			251.8
Less accumulated depreciation		(123.7	)		(94.4	)

Net property, plant and equipment		189.2			157.4
Goodwill		346.8			374.8
Other intangible assets		169.6			144.4
Deferred tax assets		16.3			14.9
Pension asset		54.9			48.0
Other non-current assets		3.1			0.8

Total assets	$	1,312.6		$	1,181.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - (Continued)


(in millions, except share and per share data)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(Unaudited)
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	115.7		$	59.6
Accrued liabilities		94.0			94.3
Current portion of long-term debt		10.3			10.3
Current portion of finance leases		2.6			1.6
Current portion of plant closure provisions		5.9			6.7
Current portion of accrued income taxes		8.2			9.4
Current portion of acquisition-related contingent consideration		1.1			1.1
Current portion of deferred income		0.1			0.1

Total current liabilities		237.9			183.1
Long-term debt, net of current portion		219.0			258.5
Finance leases, net of current portion		3.2			2.9
Plant closure provisions, net of current portion		36.8			32.8
Unrecognized tax benefits, net of current portion		1.8			2.3
Deferred tax liabilities		48.6			32.3
Pension liabilities		16.5			14.2
Deferred income, net of current portion		0.5			0.5
Other non-current liabilities		0.4			1.0

Total liabilities		564.7			527.6

Equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 40,000,000 shares, issued 29,554,500 shares		0.3			0.3
Additional paid-in capital		317.9			315.1
Treasury stock (5,416,924 and 5,483,341 shares at cost, respectively)		(97.1	)		(97.5	)
Retained earnings		619.2			561.8
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(92.8	)		(126.2	)

Total Innospec stockholders’ equity		747.5			653.5
Non-controlling interest		0.4			0.3

Total equity		747.9			653.8

Total liabilities and equity	$	1,312.6		$	1,181.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	$	66.6		$	59.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		37.2			28.5
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			(6.3	)
Deferred taxes		3.7			0.5
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		1.0			1.4
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary		1.8			0.0
Cash contributions to defined benefit pension plans		(0.8	)		(0.8	)
Non-cash movements on defined benefit pension plans		(2.7	)		(4.7	)
Stock option compensation		3.4			2.8
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquired and divested companies:
Trade and other accounts receivable		(83.0	)		12.3
Inventories		(31.5	)		(1.0	)
Prepaid expenses		2.2			(3.0	)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		42.4			(1.0	)
Accrued income taxes		(2.7	)		(0.9	)
Plant closure provisions		2.9			1.5
Unrecognized tax benefits		(0.5	)		(1.6	)
Other assets and liabilities		(4.8	)		0.1

Net cash provided by operating activities		35.2			87.0
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures		(16.4	)		(12.2	)
Business combinations, net of cash acquired		2.6			1.8
Acquisition of intangible asset		(4.2	)		0.0
Internally developed software		(4.1	)		0.0
Sale of short-term investments		0.0			4.7

Net cash used in investing activities		(22.1	)		(5.7	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		10.0			28.0
Repayments of revolving credit facility		(50.0	)		(18.0	)
Repayments of finance leases		(1.7	)		(0.8	)
Payment for acquisition-related contingent consideration		0.0			(44.0	)
Dividend paid		(9.2	)		(8.1	)
Issue of treasury stock		1.0			0.3
Repurchase of common stock		(1.0	)		(8.2	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(50.9	)		(50.8	)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash		1.4			(0.3	)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(36.4	)		30.2
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		101.9			136.9

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	65.5		$	167.1

Amortization of deferred finance costs of $0.5 million (2016 – $0.2 million) are included in depreciation and amortization in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flow but in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statement of income. We have recast certain 2016 amounts to conform to new accounting standards.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)


(in millions)	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital			Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Non- Controlling Interest		Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	0.3	$	315.1		$	(97.5	)	$	561.8		$	(126.2	)	$	0.3	$	653.8
Net income										66.6								66.6
Dividend paid										(9.2	)							(9.2	)
Non-controlling interest																0.1		0.1
Changes in cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax													30.7					30.7
Changes in unrealized gains on derivative instruments, net of tax													0.2					0.2
Treasury stock reissued				(0.6	)		1.4											0.8
Treasury stock repurchased							(1.0	)										(1.0	)
Stock option compensation				3.4														3.4
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax													(0.6	)				(0.6	)
Amortization of actuarial net losses, net of tax													3.1					3.1

Balance at September 30, 2017	$	0.3	$	317.9		$	(97.1	)	$	619.2		$	(92.8	)	$	0.4	$	747.9

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

INNOSPEC INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL

STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and notes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

It is our opinion, however, that all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, unless otherwise disclosed) have been made which are necessary for the condensed consolidated financial statements to be fairly stated. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed on February 15, 2017.

The results for the interim period covered by this report are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

When we use the terms “Innospec,” “the Corporation,” “the Company,” “Registrant,” “we,” “us” and “our,” we are referring to Innospec Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires.

NOTE 2 – SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company reports its financial performance based on the four reportable segments Fuel Specialties, Performance Chemicals, Oilfield Services and Octane Additives.

The Fuel Specialties, Performance Chemicals and Oilfield Services segments operate in markets where we actively seek growth opportunities although their ultimate customers are different. The Octane Additives segment is expected to decline in the near future as our one remaining refinery customer transitions to unleaded fuel.

The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based on operating income. The following tables analyze sales and other financial information by the Company’s reportable segments:


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Net Sales:
Refinery and Performance	$	97.4	$	89.8	$	286.5	$	281.7
Other		32.7		24.6		91.3		85.4

Fuel Specialties		130.1		114.4		377.8		367.1

Personal Care		52.2		33.7		148.4		97.7
Home Care		32.7		0.5		89.0		1.4
Other		25.4		2.6		72.3		7.7

Performance Chemicals		110.3		36.8		309.7		106.8

Oilfield Services		81.9		49.7		224.5		132.4
Octane Additives		10.1		4.6		41.0		39.3

	$	332.4	$	205.5	$	953.0	$	645.6


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Net sales:
Fuel Specialties	$	130.1	$	114.4	$	377.8	$	367.1
Performance Chemicals		110.3		36.8		309.7		106.8
Oilfield Services		81.9		49.7		224.5		132.4
Octane Additives		10.1		4.6		41.0		39.3

	$	332.4	$	205.5	$	953.0	$	645.6

Gross profit:
Fuel Specialties	$	44.6	$	43.8	$	135.9	$	129.5
Performance Chemicals		20.7		12.3		54.8		34.4
Oilfield Services		28.5		20.6		82.9		52.1
Octane Additives		5.0		2.5		21.2		24.9

	$	98.8	$	79.2	$	294.8	$	240.9


Operating income:
Fuel Specialties	$	24.9		$	24.1		$	75.5		$	72.2
Performance Chemicals		9.7			4.2			22.2			13.3
Oilfield Services		1.8			0.0			8.5			(7.1	)
Octane Additives		4.4			1.9			19.2			22.5
Pension credit		1.1			1.6			3.2			5.1
Corporate costs		(11.7	)		(15.2	)		(34.5	)		(37.8	)
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			2.3			0.0			6.3
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.0	)		(1.4	)
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.8	)		0.0

Total operating income	$	30.2		$	18.9		$	91.3		$	73.1

The pension credit relates to the United Kingdom defined benefit pension plan which is closed to future service accrual. The charges related to our other much smaller pension arrangements in the U.S. and overseas are included in the segment and income statement captions consistent with the related employees’ costs.

The following table presents a summary of the depreciation and amortization charges incurred by the Company’s reportable segments:


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017		2016		2017		2016
Depreciation:
Fuel Specialties	$	1.0	$	0.9	$	3.0	$	2.8
Performance Chemicals		2.5		0.5		7.0		1.6
Oilfield Services		1.6		1.7		4.8		4.6
Octane Additives		0.2		0.1		0.6		0.4
Corporate		0.3		0.3		0.7		0.7

	$	5.6	$	3.5	$	16.1	$	10.1

Amortization:
Fuel Specialties	$	0.2	$	0.2	$	0.6	$	0.7
Performance Chemicals		1.9		1.1		5.6		3.1
Oilfield Services		2.9		2.9		8.9		8.9
Corporate		1.9		1.9		5.5		5.5

	$	6.9	$	6.1	$	20.6	$	18.2

NOTE 3 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share includes the effect of options that are dilutive and outstanding during the period. Per share amounts are computed as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Numerator (in millions):
Net income available to common stockholders	$	23.3	$	11.4	$	66.6	$	59.2

Denominator (in thousands):
Weighted average common shares outstanding		24,137		23,977		24,119		23,989
Dilutive effect of stock options and awards		428		499		450		473

Denominator for diluted earnings per share		24,565		24,476		24,569		24,462

Net income per share, basic:	$	0.97	$	0.48	$	2.76	$	2.47

Net income per share, diluted:	$	0.95	$	0.47	$	2.71	$	2.42

In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the average number of anti-dilutive options excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share were 18,843 and 18,843, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 – 0 and 0, respectively).

NOTE 4 – GOODWILL

The following table summarizes goodwill at the balance sheet dates:


(in millions)	Total
At December 31, 2016
Gross cost ⁽¹⁾	$	611.3
Accumulated impairment losses		(236.5	)

Net book amount	$	374.8

Acquisition adjustment		(36.7	)
Exchange effect		8.7
At September 30, 2017
Gross cost ⁽¹⁾	$	583.3
Accumulated impairment losses		(236.5	)

Net book amount	$	346.8

⁽¹⁾	Gross cost for 2017 and 2016 is net of $298.5 million of historical accumulated amortization.

Acquisition of Huntsman European Differentiated Surfactants Business

On December 30, 2016 the Company acquired the European Differentiated Surfactants business (“Huntsman”) from Huntsman Investments (Netherlands) B.V. for a total consideration of $200.2 million. During the year we have reviewed the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed resulting in a $36.7 million increase in assets acquired and a corresponding decrease in goodwill. The final working capital adjustments of $2.6 million were agreed in the third quarter of 2017.

The measurement period for the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed ends as soon as information on the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition dates become available but does not exceed twelve months. The final fair value of assets and liabilities has not been determined as at September 30, 2017.

Huntsman, and the associated goodwill and other intangible assets, are included within our Performance Chemicals segment for management and reporting purposes. There is currently no goodwill amortizable for tax purposes.

NOTE 5 – OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the other intangible assets movement year on year:


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Gross cost at January 1	$	248.6		$	248.6
Acquisitions		37.7			0.0
Internally developed software		4.1			0.0
Exchange effect		4.1			0.0

Gross cost at September 30		294.5			248.6

Accumulated amortization at January 1		(104.2	)		(79.9	)
Amortization expense		(20.6	)		(18.2	)
Exchange effect		(0.1	)		0.0

Accumulated amortization at September 30		(124.9	)		(98.1	)

Net book amount at September 30	$	169.6		$	150.5

Acquisitions in the year are related to the Huntsman acquisition based on our provisional assessment of the fair value of the other intangible assets acquired. In the first quarter of 2017 we allocated $33.5 million of goodwill to intangibles relating to the acquisition completed on December 30, 2016. The intangible assets relate to customer relationships.

In addition, the Company completed the acquisition of customer and distributor lists in the Americas and Asia Pacific from Huntsman Holland B.V. for $4.2 million in cash on August 9, 2017.

Internally developed software has been capitalized in relation to a new information system platform for the acquired Huntsman business.

Amortization expense


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Product rights	$	(2.8	)	$	(2.8	)
Brand names		(0.9	)		(0.9	)
Technology		(2.5	)		(2.5	)
Customer relationships		(7.6	)		(5.1	)
Non-compete agreements		(0.6	)		(0.7	)
Marketing related		(0.7	)		(0.7	)
Internally developed software		(5.5	)		(5.5	)

Total	$	(20.6	)	$	(18.2	)

NOTE 6 – PENSION PLANS

The Company maintains a defined benefit pension plan (the “Plan”) covering a number of its current and former employees in the United Kingdom, although it does also have other much smaller pension arrangements in the U.S. and overseas. The Plan is closed to future service accrual but has a large number of deferred and current pensioners.


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Plan net pension credit/(charge):
Service cost	$	(0.2	)	$	(0.2	)	$	(0.7	)	$	(0.7	)
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation		(3.9	)		(5.0	)		(11.3	)		(16.0	)
Expected return on plan assets		6.2			7.2			18.2			23.0
Amortization of prior service credit		0.2			0.2			0.7			0.8
Amortization of actuarial net losses		(1.2	)		(0.6	)		(3.7	)		(2.0	)

	$	1.1		$	1.6		$	3.2		$	5.1

The amortization of prior service credit and actuarial net losses is a reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive loss into selling, general and administrative expenses.

The Company also maintains an unfunded defined benefit pension plan covering a number of its current and former employees in Germany (the “German plan”). The German plan is closed to new entrants and has no assets. The net pension charge for the German plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively (three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 - $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively).

As at September 30, 2017, our Performance Chemicals segment has pension obligations in its European businesses with a liability of $4.7 million (December 31, 2016 - $4.1 million).

NOTE 7 – INCOME TAXES

A roll-forward of unrecognized tax benefits and associated accrued interest and penalties is as follows:


(in millions)	Unrecognized Tax Benefits			Interest and Penalties		Total
Opening balance at January 1, 2017	$	2.2		$	0.1	$	2.3
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations		(0.5	)		0.0		(0.5	)

Closing balance at September 30, 2017		1.7			0.1		1.8
Current		0.0			0.0		0.0

Non-current	$	1.7		$	0.1	$	1.8

All of the unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties would impact our effective tax rate if recognized.

We recognize accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of income taxes in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns with the U.S. federal government, and various state and foreign jurisdictions. As previously disclosed, one of the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries is currently subject to a state tax examination in respect of 2012 through to 2014 inclusive, and the Company and its U.S. subsidiaries are currently subject to a federal income tax examination in respect of 2015. The Company currently anticipates that adjustments, if any, arising out of these tax audits would not result in a material change to the Company’s financial position as at September 30, 2017.

The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries remain open to examination by the IRS for years 2014 onwards. The Company’s subsidiaries in foreign tax jurisdictions are open to examination including France (2014 onwards), Germany (2015 onwards), Switzerland (2015 onwards) and the United Kingdom (2015 onwards).

Tax audits have been opened by the Italian tax authorities in respect of Innospec Performance Chemicals Italia Srl, acquired as part of the Huntsman business in respect of the period 2011 to 2013 inclusive. Any additional tax arising as a consequence of the tax audit would be a liability of the previous owner under the terms of the sales and purchase agreement.

The Company is in a position to control whether or not to repatriate foreign earnings and we currently do not expect to make a repatriation in the foreseeable future. No taxes have been provided for on the unremitted earnings of our overseas subsidiaries as any tax basis differences relating to investments in these overseas subsidiaries are considered to be indefinite in duration. The amount of unremitted earnings at December 31, 2016 was approximately $788 million. If these earnings are remitted, additional taxes could result after offsetting foreign income taxes paid although the calculation of the additional taxes is not practicable to compute at this time.

NOTE 8 – LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:


(in millions)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
Revolving credit facility	$	121.0		$	161.0
Term loan		110.0			110.0
Deferred finance costs		(1.7	)		(2.2	)

	$	229.3		$	268.8
Due within one year		(10.3	)		(10.3	)

Due after one year	$	219.0		$	258.5

NOTE 9 – PLANT CLOSURE PROVISIONS

The liability for estimated closure costs of Innospec’s manufacturing facilities includes costs for decontamination and environmental remediation activities (“remediation”). The principal site giving rise to remediation liabilities is the manufacturing site at Ellesmere Port in the United Kingdom. There are also remediation liabilities on a much smaller scale in respect of our other manufacturing sites in the U.S. and Europe.

Movements in the provisions are summarized as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Total at January 1	$	39.5		$	37.7
Charge for the period		4.4			3.5
Utilized in the period		(1.7	)		(2.1	)
Exchange effect		0.5			0.1

Total at September 30		42.7			39.2
Due within one year		(5.9	)		(5.0	)

Due after one year	$	36.8		$	34.2

Amounts due within one year refer to provisions where expenditure is expected to arise within one year of the balance sheet date.

NOTE 10 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table presents the carrying amount and fair values of the Company’s assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis:


	September 30, 2017				December 31, 2016
(in millions)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Assets
Non-derivatives:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65.5	$	65.5	$	101.9	$	101.9
Derivatives (Level 1 measurement):
Other current and non-current assets:
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts		2.0		2.0		0.0		0.0
Interest rate swaps		0.6		0.6		0.4		0.4
Liabilities
Non-derivatives:
Long-term debt (including current portion)	$	229.3	$	229.3	$	268.8	$	268.8
Finance leases (including current portion)		5.8		5.8		4.5		4.5
Derivatives (Level 1 measurement):
Other non-current liabilities:
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts		0.0		0.0		0.6		0.6
Non-financial liabilities (Level 3 measurement):
Stock equivalent units		11.4		11.4		9.8		9.8

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term maturities of such instruments.

Long-term debt and finance leases: Long-term debt principally comprises the term loan and revolving credit facility, which are shown net of deferred finance costs that have been capitalized. The fair value of long-term debt approximates to the carrying value, as the discounting to its present value is offset by the interest rate swaps. Finance leases relate to certain fixed assets in our oilfield services business. The carrying amount of finance leases approximates to the fair value.

Derivatives: The fair value of derivatives relating to foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swaps are derived from current settlement prices and comparable contracts using current assumptions. Interest rate swaps relate to contracts taken out to hedge interest rate risk on a portion of our long-term debt. Foreign currency forward exchange contracts primarily relate to contracts entered into to hedge future known transactions or hedge balance sheet net cash positions. The movements in the carrying amounts and fair values of these contracts are largely due to changes in exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and changes in U.S. LIBOR.

Stock equivalent units: The fair values of stock equivalent units are calculated at each balance sheet date using either the Black-Scholes or Monte Carlo method depending on the terms of each grant.

NOTE 11 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT

The Company enters into various foreign currency forward exchange contracts to minimize currency exchange rate exposure from expected future cash flows. As at September 30, 2017 the contracts have maturity dates of up to twelve months at the date of inception. These foreign currency forward exchange contracts have not been designated as hedging instruments, and their impact on the income statement for the first nine months of 2017 was a loss of $0.6 million (first nine months of 2016: gain of $3.2 million).

The Company enters into interest rate swaps to minimize interest rate exposure related to a part of our borrowing requirements. These interest rate swaps have been designated as hedging instruments, and their impact on accumulated other comprehensive loss for the first nine months of 2017 was a gain of $0.2 million (first nine months of 2016: $0.0 million).

NOTE 12 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal matters

While we are involved from time to time in claims and legal proceedings that result from, and are incidental to, the conduct of our business including business and commercial litigation, employee and product liability claims, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party, or of which any of their property is subject. It is possible, however, that an adverse resolution of an unexpectedly large number of such individual claims or proceedings could in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the results of operations for a particular year or quarter.

Guarantees

The Company and certain of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries are contingently liable for certain obligations of affiliated companies primarily in the form of guarantees of debt and performance under contracts entered into as a normal business practice. This includes guarantees of non-U.S. excise taxes and customs duties. As at September 30, 2017, such guarantees which are not recognized as liabilities in the condensed consolidated financial statements amounted to $3.3 million.

Under the terms of the guarantee arrangements, generally the Company would be required to perform should the affiliated company fail to fulfil its obligations under the arrangements. In some cases, the guarantee arrangements have recourse provisions that would enable the Company to recover any payments made under the terms of the guarantees from securities held of the guaranteed parties’ assets.

The Company and its affiliates have numerous long-term sales and purchase commitments in their various business activities, which are expected to be fulfilled with no adverse consequences material to the Company.

NOTE 13 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company grants stock options and stock equivalent units (“SEUs”) from time to time as a long-term performance incentive. In certain cases the grants are subject to performance conditions such as the Company’s stock price. Where performance conditions apply the Monte Carlo simulation model is used to determine the fair values. Otherwise the Black-Scholes model is used to determine the fair values.

Stock option plans

The following table summarizes the transactions of the Company’s stock option plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:


	Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		570,994		$	20.38	$	21.68
Granted - at discount		79,664		$	0.00	$	61.39
- at market value		18,843		$	70.60	$	16.84
Exercised		(83,255	)	$	12.56	$	23.86
Forfeited		(3,805	)	$	15.91	$	22.47

Outstanding at September 30, 2017		582,441		$	20.64	$	26.68

At September 30, 2017, there were 44,443 stock options that were exercisable, of which 9,421 had performance conditions attached.

The stock option compensation cost for the first nine months of 2017 was $3.4 million (first nine months of 2016 – $2.8 million). The total intrinsic value of options exercised in the first nine months of 2017 was $2.0 million (first nine months of 2016 – $1.8 million).

The total compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized at September 30, 2017 was $6.7 million and this cost is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 2.05 years.

Stock equivalent units

The following table summarizes the transactions of the Company’s SEUs for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:


	Number of SEUs			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016		279,815		$	3.77	$	33.40
Granted - at discount		180,249		$	0.00	$	62.76
- at market value		5,530		$	70.60	$	16.84
Exercised		(34,054	)	$	5.47	$	27.09
Forfeited		(16,075	)	$	0.00	$	33.77

Outstanding at September 30, 2017		415,465		$	3.03	$	46.41

At September 30, 2017 there were 54,759 SEUs that are exercisable, of which 49,391 had performance conditions attached.

The charges for SEUs are spread over the life of the award subject to a revaluation to fair value each quarter. The revaluation may result in a charge or a credit to the income statement in the quarter dependent upon our share price and other performance criteria.

The SEU compensation cost for the first nine months of 2017 was $3.6 million (first nine months of 2016 – $3.7 million). The total intrinsic value of SEUs exercised in the first nine months of 2017 was $1.1 million (first nine months of 2016 – $1.5 million).

The weighted-average remaining vesting period of non-vested SEUs is 1.93 years.

NOTE 14 – RECLASSIFICATIONS OUT OF ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the first nine months of 2017 were:


(in millions) Details about AOCL Components	Amount Reclassified from AOCL			Affected Line Item in the Statement where Net Income is Presented
Foreign currency translation items:
Liquidation of subsidiary	$	1.8		Loss on liquidation of subsidiary
Defined benefit pension plan items:
Amortization of prior service credit	$	(0.7	)	See ⁽¹⁾ below
Amortization of actuarial net losses		3.7		See ⁽¹⁾ below

		4.8		Total before tax
		(0.5	)	Income tax expense

Total reclassifications	$	4.3		Net of tax

⁽¹⁾	These items are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 6 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the first nine months of 2017, net of tax, were:


(in millions)	Derivative instruments		Defined Benefit Pension Plan Items			Cumulative Translation Adjustments			Total
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	0.3	$	(46.0	)	$	(80.5	)	$	(126.2	)

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		0.2		0.0			30.7			30.9
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		0.0		2.5			0.0			2.5

Total other comprehensive income		0.2		2.5			30.7			33.4

Balance at September 30, 2017	$	0.5	$	(43.5	)	$	(49.8	)	$	(92.8	)

NOTE 15 – RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. ASU 2017-07 requires companies to present the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line items in which they report compensation cost. Companies will present all other components of net benefit cost outside operating income, if this subtotal is presented. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has not yet determined the effect of the standard on its ongoing financial reporting.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, Revision to Lease Accounting, which amends ASC Topic 842, Leases. The ASU requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all of their leases (other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease). The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The new standard must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition, and provides for certain practical expedients. Transition will require application of the new guidance at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented. The Company has not yet determined the effect of the standard on its ongoing financial reporting.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09 is based on principles that govern the recognition of revenue at an amount an entity expects to be entitled when products are transferred to customers. The new standard will become effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. ASU 2014-09 may be applied retrospectively to each prior period presented in the financial statements (full retrospective approach) or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the date of adoption (modified retrospective approach). We will adopt the new revenue standard on January 1, 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective approach.

We are spending significant time and efforts evaluating, analyzing and documenting the expected impact of ASU 2014-09 on our financial statements. Our approach includes performing a detailed review of key contracts representative of our different businesses and product lines, reviewing various industry publications, and comparing our current accounting policies to the principles and requirements outlined in the new standard. Our assessment at this stage is that we do not expect the new revenue recognition standard will have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.

NOTE 16 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Mr. Robert I. Paller has been a non-executive director of the Company since November 1, 2009. The Company has retained and continues to retain Smith, Gambrell & Russell, LLP (“SGR”), a law firm with which Mr. Paller holds a position. In the first nine months of 2017 the Company incurred fees from SGR of $0.3 million (first nine months of 2016 – $0.4 million). As at September 30, 2017, the amount due to SGR from the Company was $0.0 million (December 31, 2016 - $0.0 million).

Item 2 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

This discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The policies and estimates that the Company considers the most critical in terms of complexity and subjectivity of assessment are those related to business combinations, environmental liabilities, pensions, deferred tax and uncertain income tax positions, goodwill and property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets (net of amortization). These policies have been discussed in the Company’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Company reports its financial performance based on the four reportable segments Fuel Specialties, Performance Chemicals, Oilfield Services and Octane Additives.

The following table provides operating income by reporting segment:


	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net sales:
Fuel Specialties	$	130.1		$	114.4		$	377.8		$	367.1
Performance Chemicals		110.3			36.8			309.7			106.8
Oilfield Services		81.9			49.7			224.5			132.4
Octane Additives		10.1			4.6			41.0			39.3

	$	332.4		$	205.5		$	953.0		$	645.6

Gross profit:
Fuel Specialties	$	44.6		$	43.8		$	135.9		$	129.5
Performance Chemicals		20.7			12.3			54.8			34.4
Oilfield Services		28.5			20.6			82.9			52.1
Octane Additives		5.0			2.5			21.2			24.9

	$	98.8		$	79.2		$	294.8		$	240.9

Operating income:
Fuel Specialties	$	24.9		$	24.1		$	75.5		$	72.2
Performance Chemicals		9.7			4.2			22.2			13.3
Oilfield Services		1.8			0.0			8.5			(7.1	)
Octane Additives		4.4			1.9			19.2			22.5
Pension credit		1.1			1.6			3.2			5.1
Corporate costs		(11.7	)		(15.2	)		(34.5	)		(37.8	)
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			2.3			0.0			6.3
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.0	)		(1.4	)
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of Subsidiary		0.0			0.0			(1.8	)		0.0

Total operating income	$	30.2		$	18.9		$	91.3		$	73.1

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

The following table shows the change in components of operating income by reporting segment for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and the three months ended September 30, 2016:


	Three Months Ended September 30
(in millions, except ratios)	2017			2016			Change
Net sales:
Fuel Specialties	$	130.1		$	114.4		$	15.7		+14	%
Performance Chemicals		110.3			36.8			73.5		+200	%
Oilfield Services		81.9			49.7			32.2		+65	%
Octane Additives		10.1			4.6			5.5		+120	%

	$	332.4		$	205.5		$	126.9		+62	%

Gross profit:
Fuel Specialties	$	44.6		$	43.8		$	0.8		+2	%
Performance Chemicals		20.7			12.3			8.4		+68	%
Oilfield Services		28.5			20.6			7.9		+38	%
Octane Additives		5.0			2.5			2.5		+100	%

	$	98.8		$	79.2		$	19.6		+25	%

Gross margin (%):
Fuel Specialties		34.3			38.3			-4.0
Performance Chemicals		18.8			33.4			-14.6
Oilfield Services		34.8			41.4			-6.6
Octane Additives		49.5			54.3			-4.8
Aggregate		29.7			38.5			-8.8
Operating expenses:
Fuel Specialties	$	(19.7	)	$	(19.7	)	$	0.0		0	%
Performance Chemicals		(11.0	)		(8.1	)		(2.9	)	+36	%
Oilfield Services		(26.7	)		(20.6	)		(6.1	)	+30	%
Octane Additives		(0.6	)		(0.6	)		0.0		0	%
Pension credit		1.1			1.6			(0.5	)	-31	%
Corporate costs		(11.7	)		(15.2	)		3.5		-23	%
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			2.3			(2.3	)	-100	%

	$	(68.6	)	$	(60.3	)	$	(8.3	)	+14	%

Fuel Specialties

Net sales: the table below details the components which comprise the year on year change in net sales spread across the markets in which we operate:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

Change (%)

Americas

EMEA

ASPAC

AvTel

Total

Volume

-2

-1

Price and product mix

-4

+17

+10

+16

Exchange rates

+21

+14

Volumes in the Americas were higher than the prior year due to higher demand, partly offset by an adverse price and product mix. Volumes in EMEA and ASPAC decreased due to the continuation of customer reformulation to our new technologies. Price and product mix in EMEA and ASPAC benefitted from increased sales of higher margin products from our continuing technology changes. AvTel volumes were higher than the prior year due to variations in the timing of demand, together with a favorable price mix. EMEA benefited from favorable exchange rate movements year over year, driven by a strengthening of the European Union euro against the U.S. dollar.

Gross margin: decreased by 4.0 percentage points as margins returned to be within our expected range after the highs of the prior year. The current year was impacted by adverse sales mix and manufacturing variances, compared to a favorable sales mix in the prior year.

Operating expenses: are consistent with the prior year.

Performance Chemicals

Net sales: the table below details the components which comprise the year on year change in net sales spread across the markets in which we operate:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

Change (%)

Americas

EMEA

ASPAC

Acquisition

Total

Volume

+20

-2

+13

Acquisition

+196

Price and product mix

-16

-5

-10

Exchange rates

-4

+196

+200

Increased Personal Care demand led to higher volumes in the Americas and ASPAC, partly offset by pricing pressures which adversely affected the price and product mix. EMEA experienced a decline in volumes in the quarter due to order phasing, which was offset by a favorable price and product mix. EMEA benefited from favorable exchange rate movements year over year, driven by a strengthening of the European Union euro against the U.S. dollar. Sales growth from the acquisition of our Huntsman business at the end of 2016 has been excluded from the market analysis above and included as one variance for the segment total.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 14.6 percentage points was driven by the dilutive effect of the lower margins for our acquired Huntsman business together with continued pricing pressures. However, gross margin improved 2.2 percentage points sequentially compared to the second quarter, with both the heritage and acquired businesses delivering margin improvements.

Operating expenses: the year on year increase of $2.9 million is due to a $4.2 million increase for the acquisition of our Huntsman business, partly offset by a reduction of $1.0 million relating to a one-off commercial legal settlement in the prior year and lower accruals for share based compensation due to the relative performance of the Innospec share price year over year.

Oilfield Services

Net sales: the year on year increase of $32.2 million was driven by continued improvement in customer activity driving an 8 percent increase sequentially over the second quarter. Overall volumes increased by 83 percent year on year, partly offset by an adverse price and product mix of 18 percent.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 6.6 percentage points is comparing to a very strong comparative quarter and the result of higher costs in the current year related to the effect of Hurricane Harvey on raw material price and availability.

Operating expenses: the year on year increase of $6.1 million was driven by higher selling and technical support expenses required to service the increase in customer demand, together with additional research and development and higher administration costs to support the business growth.

Octane Additives

Net sales: have increased by $5.5 million compared to the prior year, due to the phasing of orders from our one remaining refinery customer.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 4.8 percentage points was due to lower volumes of production in the current year leading to a higher manufacturing cost per tonne.

Operating expenses: are consistent with the prior year.

Other Income Statement Captions

Pension credit: is non-cash, and was a $1.1 million net credit in 2017 compared to a $1.6 million net credit in 2016 primarily due to higher amortization of actuarial losses.

Corporate costs: the year on year decrease of $3.5 million related to $1.7 million non-recurring acquisition-related costs in the prior year for our Huntsman business, partly offset by $0.5 million of integration related costs in the current year; together with lower performance based personnel-related compensation, including lower accruals for share-based compensation due to the relative performance of the Innospec share price year over year; and the benefit of the weaker British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar for our Ellesmere Port cost base.

Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration: in the comparative period there was a contingent consideration credit of $2.3 million related to a previous acquisition.

Other net income: other net income of $1.8 million related to $1.3 million of gains on translation of net assets denominated in non-functional currencies mainly in our European businesses, together with $0.5 million of gains on foreign currency forward exchange contracts. In the prior year, other net expense of $5.0 million primarily related to net losses of $6.7 million on translation of assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies in our European businesses, partly offset by gains of $1.7 million on foreign currency forward exchange contracts.

Interest expense, net: was $2.1 million in 2017 compared to $0.7 million in 2016, driven by the additional term loan related to our Huntsman acquisition, increased working capital requirements funded by our credit facility and the recent rise in LIBOR impacting our credit facility interest.

Income taxes: The effective tax rate was 22.1% and 13.6% in the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The adjusted effective tax rate, once adjusted for the items set out in the following table was 23.8% in the third quarter of 2017 compared with 19.4% in the third quarter of 2016. The 4.4% increase in the adjusted effective tax rate was primarily due to the third quarter of 2017 benefiting, to a lesser extent, from the positive impact of taxable profits in different geographical locations as compared to the third quarter of 2016, together with the impact of stock compensation adjustments as a consequence of the introduction of ASU 2016-09 in 2017. The Company believes that this adjusted effective tax rate, a non-GAAP financial measure, provides useful information to investors and may assist them in evaluating the Company’s underlying performance and identifying operating trends. In addition, management uses this non-GAAP financial measure to evaluate the performance of the Company’s operations and for planning and forecasting in subsequent periods.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the GAAP effective tax rate to the adjusted effective tax rate:


	Three Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Income before income taxes	$	29.9		$	13.2
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			(2.4	)
Adjustment for stock compensation		1.2			0.0

	$	31.1		$	10.8

Income taxes	$	6.6		$	1.8
Tax on adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			(0.9	)
Tax on stock compensation		0.3			0.0
Adjustment of income tax positions		0.5			1.2

	$	7.4		$	2.1

GAAP effective tax rate		22.1	%		13.6	%
Adjusted effective tax rate		23.8	%		19.4	%

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

The following table shows the change in components of operating income by reporting segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016:


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions, except ratios)	2017			2016			Change
Net sales:
Fuel Specialties	$	377.8		$	367.1		$	10.7		+3	%
Performance Chemicals		309.7			106.8			202.9		+190	%
Oilfield Services		224.5			132.4			92.1		+70	%
Octane Additives		41.0			39.3			1.7		+4	%

	$	953.0		$	645.6		$	307.4		+48	%

Gross profit:
Fuel Specialties	$	135.9		$	129.5		$	6.4		+5	%
Performance Chemicals		54.8			34.4			20.4		+59	%
Oilfield Services		82.9			52.1			30.8		+59	%
Octane Additives		21.2			24.9			(3.7	)	-15	%

	$	294.8		$	240.9		$	53.9		+22	%

Gross margin (%):
Fuel Specialties		36.0			35.3			+0.7
Performance Chemicals		17.7			32.2			-14.5
Oilfield Services		36.9			39.4			-2.5
Octane Additives		51.7			63.4			-11.7
Aggregate		30.9			37.3			-6.4
Operating expenses:
Fuel Specialties	$	(60.4	)	$	(57.3	)	$	(3.1	)	+5	%
Performance Chemicals		(32.6	)		(21.1	)		(11.5	)	+55	%
Oilfield Services		(74.4	)		(59.2	)		(15.2	)	+26	%
Octane Additives		(2.0	)		(2.4	)		0.4		-17	%
Pension credit		3.2			5.1			(1.9	)	-37	%
Corporate costs		(34.5	)		(37.8	)		3.3		-9	%
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			6.3			(6.3	)	-100	%
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		(1.0	)		(1.4	)		0.4		-29	%
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary		(1.8	)		0.0			(1.8	)	n/a

	$	(203.5	)	$	(167.8	)	$	(35.7	)	+21	%

Fuel Specialties

Net sales: the table below details the components which comprise the year on year change in net sales spread across the markets in which we operate:

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Change (%)

Americas

EMEA

ASPAC

AvTel

Total

Volume

+10

-6

-4

-15

-2

Price and product mix

-6

+11

Exchange rates

-1

-10

Volumes in the Americas were higher as a result of increased demand following a slower than normal end to 2016. Price and product mix in the Americas was adversely impacted by increased sales of lower margin products. Volumes in EMEA and ASPAC decreased due to customer reformulation to our new technologies. Price and product mix in EMEA and ASPAC benefited from increased sales of higher margin products. AvTel volumes were lower than the prior year due to variations in the timing and level of demand from customers, together with a favorable price mix. EMEA was adversely impacted by exchange rate movements year over year, driven by a weakening of the European Union euro and the British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar.

Gross margin: the year on year increase of 0.7 percentage points was driven by increased sales of higher margin products together with a favorable price and product mix. The effect of weaker exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar did not significantly impact gross margin.

Operating expenses: the year on year increase of $3.1 million was driven by $1.9 million higher selling and administrative expenses, including higher performance based personnel-related compensation; together with $1.2 million higher research and development expenses.

Performance Chemicals

Net sales: the table below details the components which comprise the year on year change in net sales spread across the markets in which we operate:

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Change (%)

Americas

EMEA

ASPAC

Acquisition

Total

Volume

+16

Acquisition

+187

Price and product mix

-6

-9

-4

Exchange rates

-2

-3

-1

+187

+190

Excluding the Huntsman acquisition, increased Personal Care demand led to higher volumes in all our markets. Price and product mix was adversely affected by pricing pressures in the Americas and ASPAC while EMEA benefitted from favorable price and product mix. EMEA and ASPAC were adversely impacted by exchange rate movements year over year, driven by a weakening of the European Union euro and the British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar. Sales growth from the acquisition of our Huntsman business at the end of 2016 has been excluded from the market analysis above and included as one variance for the segment total.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 14.5 percentage points was driven by the dilutive effect of the lower margins for our acquired Huntsman business together with some one-off events for an unplanned plant outage and raw materials purchasing and pricing issues in the second quarter.

Operating expenses: the year on year increase of $11.5 million is due to $12.9 million additional expenses within our acquired Huntsman business, partly offset by a $1.0 million one-off commercial legal settlement in the prior year and lower share based compensation driven by the relative performance of the Innospec share price year over year.

Oilfield Services

Net sales: the year on year increase of $92.1 million was due to an improvement in customer demand for all our product lines following the rise in customer activity as oil prices recovered. Overall volumes increased by 75 percent year on year, partly offset by an adverse price and product mix of 5 percent.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 2.5 percentage points when compared to a strong prior year, was driven by the mix of customer activity and the adverse effect of Hurricane Harvey on raw material price and availability.

Operating expenses: the year on year increase of $15.2 million was driven by higher selling and technical support expenses required to service the increase in customer demand, together with additional research and development and higher administration costs to support the business growth.

Octane Additives

Net sales: have increased by $1.7 million compared to the prior year, due to the phasing of orders from our one remaining refinery customer.

Gross margin: the year on year decrease of 11.7 percentage points was due to lower volumes of production in the current year leading to a higher manufacturing cost per tonne.

Operating expenses: the year on year decrease of $0.4 million was due to a reduction in the provisions for doubtful debts together with continuing cost efficiencies.

Other Income Statement Captions

Pension credit: is non-cash, and was a $3.2 million net credit in 2017 compared to a $5.1 million net credit in 2016, primarily due to higher amortization of actuarial losses in the current year.

Corporate costs: the year on year decrease of $3.3 million related to $2.7 million non-recurring acquisition-related costs in the prior year for our Huntsman business, partly offset by $1.7 million of integration related costs in the current year; together with lower performance based personnel-related compensation; and the benefit of the weaker British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar for our Ellesmere Port cost base.

Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration: in the comparative period there was a contingent consideration credit of $6.3 million related to a previous acquisition.

Loss on disposal of subsidiary: the loss of $1.0 million relates to an indemnity claim in relation to residual testing in the Aroma Chemicals business which was sold in 2015.

Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary: the $1.8 million loss relates to the reclassification of historic foreign exchange translations of net assets from accumulated other comprehensive losses, for our captive insurance company which was liquidated in the first quarter of 2017.

Other net income: other net income of $2.9 million related to $3.5 million of gains on translation of net assets denominated in non-functional currencies mainly in our European businesses, partly offset by losses of $0.6 million on foreign currency forward exchange contracts. In the prior year, other net income of $3.2 million primarily related to net gains on foreign currency forward contracts.

Interest expense, net: was $6.3 million in 2017 compared to $2.2 million in 2016, driven by the additional term loan related to the Huntsman acquisition, increased working capital requirements funded by our credit facility and the recent rise in LIBOR impacting our revolving credit facility borrowing.

Income taxes: The effective tax rate was 24.2% and 20.1% in the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The adjusted effective tax rate, once adjusted for the items set out in the following table, was 24.8% in the first nine months of 2017 compared with 20.2% in the first nine months of 2016. The 4.6% increase in the adjusted effective tax rate was primarily due to the first nine months of 2017 benefiting to a lesser extent from the positive impact of taxable profits in different geographical locations as compared to the first nine months of 2016, together with the impact of stock compensation adjustments as a consequence of ASU 2016-09 in 2017. The Company believes that this adjusted effective tax rate, a non-GAAP financial measure, provides useful information to investors and may assist them in evaluating the Company’s underlying performance and identifying operating trends. In addition, management uses this non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate the performance of the Company’s operations and for planning and forecasting in subsequent periods.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the GAAP effective tax rate to the adjusted effective tax rate:


	Nine Months Ended September 30
(in millions)	2017			2016
Income before income taxes	$	87.9		$	74.1
Adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			(7.1	)
Adjustment to fair value acquisition accounting		1.7			0.0
Loss on disposal of subsidiary		1.0			1.4
Foreign exchange loss on liquidation of subsidiary		1.8			0.0
Adjustment for stock compensation		3.0			0.0

	$	95.4		$	68.4

Income taxes	$	21.3		$	14.9
Tax on adjustment to fair value of contingent consideration		0.0			(2.7	)
Tax on adjustment to fair value acquisition accounting		0.3			0.0
Tax on stock compensation		1.6			0.0
Adjustment of income tax provision		0.5			1.6

	$	23.7		$	13.8

GAAP effective tax rate		24.2	%		20.1	%
Adjusted effective tax rate		24.8	%		20.2	%

LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

Working Capital

The Company believes that adjusted working capital, a non-GAAP financial measure, (defined by the Company as trade and other accounts receivable, inventories, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued liabilities rather than total current assets less total current liabilities) provides useful information to investors in evaluating the Company’s underlying performance and identifying operating trends. Management uses this non-GAAP financial measure internally to allocate resources and evaluate the performance of the Company’s operations. Items excluded from working capital in the adjusted working capital calculation are listed in the table below and represent factors which do not fluctuate in line with the day to day working capital needs of the business.


(in millions)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
Total current assets	$	532.7		$	441.1
Total current liabilities		(237.9	)		(183.1	)

Working capital		294.8			258.0
Less cash and cash equivalents		(65.5	)		(101.9	)
Less prepaid income taxes		(4.0	)		(4.8	)
Add back current portion of accrued income taxes		8.2			9.4
Add back current portion of long-term debt		10.3			10.3
Add back current portion of finance leases		2.6			1.6
Add back current portion of plant closure provisions		5.9			6.7
Add back current portion of acquisition-related contingent consideration		1.1			1.1
Add back current portion of deferred income		0.1			0.1

Adjusted working capital	$	253.5		$	180.5

During the first nine months of 2017 our working capital increased by $36.8 million, while our adjusted working capital has increased by $73.0 million. The difference is primarily due to the exclusion of cash and cash equivalents from the adjusted working capital measure. The Huntsman acquisition accounted for approximately $38 million of these movements which included a one-off working capital funding requirement post acquisition. The remaining movements are primarily driven by increased inventories and accounts receivables across our businesses in line with the timing of demand from our customers.

We had a $91.2 million increase in trade and other accounts receivable primarily related to a $66.6 million increase for the Huntsman acquisition trade receivables in our Performance Chemicals segment. The timing of sales in our Fuel Specialties and Oilfield Services segments has also increased receivables. Days’ sales outstanding in our Fuel Specialties segment increased from 45 days to 57 days; increased in our Performance Chemicals segment from 55 days to 66 days; and increased from 54 days to 61 days in our Oilfield Services segment.

We had a $37.7 million increase in inventories, which is related to increases in all our segments to align with the timing of demand from customers. Days’ sales in inventory in our Fuel Specialties segment increased from 84 days to 106 days; decreased in our Performance Chemicals segment from 94 days to 51 days; and decreased from 72 days to 61 days in our Oilfield Services segment.

Prepaid expenses decreased by $2.1 million from $6.2 million to $4.1 million due to the timing of invoices received and the normal expensing of prepaid invoices.

We had a $55.8 million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities primarily related to a $34.0 million increase for the Huntsman acquisition in our Performance Chemicals segment and a $20.6 million increase for our Oilfield Services segment driven by increased customer activity. Creditor days in our Fuel Specialties segment increased from 28 days to 37 days; in our Performance Chemicals segment increased from 32 days to 48 days; and increased from 32 days to 46 days in our Oilfield Services segment.

Operating Cash Flows

We have generated cash in operating activities of $35.2 million in the first nine months of 2017 compared to $87.0 million in the first nine months of 2016. The year over year change in cash from operating activities is primarily due to the working capital requirements of our acquired Huntsman business, increased customer activity in our Oilfield Services segment and the payment of long-term incentive performance based personnel-related compensation.

Cash

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 we had cash and cash equivalents of $65.5 million and $101.9 million, respectively, of which $54.5 million and $90.2 million, respectively, were held by non-U.S. subsidiaries principally in the United Kingdom. The Company is in a position to control whether or not to repatriate foreign earnings. We currently do not expect to make a repatriation in the foreseeable future and hence have not provided for future income taxes on the cash held by overseas subsidiaries. If circumstances were to change that would cause these earnings to be repatriated, an additional U.S. tax liability could be incurred, and we continue to monitor this position.

Debt

At September 30, 2017, the Company had $121.0 million of debt outstanding under the revolving credit facility, $110.0 million of debt outstanding on our term loan and $5.8 million of obligations under finance leases relating to certain fixed assets within our Oilfield Services segment. Total long-term debt at September 30, 2017 is reported net of deferred finance costs of $1.7 million (December 31, 2016 - $2.2 million).

At December 31, 2016, we had $161.0 million of debt outstanding under the revolving credit facility, $110.0 million of debt outstanding on our term loan and $4.5 million of obligations under finance leases relating to certain fixed assets within our Oilfield Services segment.

The Company has a revolving credit facility that provides for borrowing of up to $200.0 million through November 2020 and may be drawn down in full in the U.S. and the United Kingdom.

Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company uses floating rate debt to finance its global operations. The Company is subject to business risks inherent in non-U.S. activities, including political and economic uncertainty, import and export limitations, and market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The political and economic risks are mitigated by the stability of the major countries in which the Company’s largest operations are located. Credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation and account monitoring procedures are used to minimize bad debt risk. Collateral is not generally required.

From time to time, the Company uses derivatives, including interest rate swaps, commodity swaps and foreign currency forward exchange contracts, in the normal course of business to manage market risks. The derivatives used in hedging activities are considered risk management tools and are not used for trading purposes. In addition, the Company enters into derivative instruments with a diversified group of major financial institutions in order to manage the exposure to non-performance of such instruments. The Company’s objective in managing the exposure to changes in interest rates is to limit the impact of such changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower overall borrowing costs. The Company’s objective in managing the exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates is to reduce volatility on earnings and cash flows associated with such changes.

The Company offers fixed prices for some long-term sales contracts. As manufacturing and raw material costs are subject to variability the Company, from time to time, uses commodity swaps to hedge the cost of some raw materials thus reducing volatility on earnings and cash flows. The derivatives are considered risk management tools and are not used for trading purposes. The Company’s objective is to manage its exposure to fluctuating costs of raw materials.

The Company’s exposure to market risk has been discussed in the Company’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K and there have been no significant changes since that time.

Item 4 Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Based on an evaluation carried out as of the end of the period covered by this report, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) were effective as of September 30, 2017.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company is continuously seeking to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations and of its internal control over financial reporting. This is intended to result in refinements to processes throughout the Company.

On December 30, 2016 we acquired the European Differentiated Surfactants business from Huntsman (“Huntsman”). We excluded the operations of Huntsman from the scope of our Sarbannes-Oxley Section 404 report on internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. We are continuing the process of implementing our internal control structure and in the third quarter of 2017 implemented a new information system platform over the acquired operations. In connection with this implementation, the Company has updated its internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary to accommodate modifications to its business processes and accounting procedures.

There were no other changes to our internal control over financial reporting which were identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 Legal Proceedings

Legal matters

While we are involved from time to time in claims and legal proceedings that result from, and are incidental to, the conduct of our business including business and commercial litigation, employee and product liability claims, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party, or of which any of their property is subject. It is possible, however, that an adverse resolution of an unexpectedly large number of such individual claims or proceedings could, in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on results of operations for a particular year or quarter.

Item 1A Risk Factors

Information regarding risk factors that could have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition are described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part 1 of our 2016 Form 10-K . In management’s view, there have been no material changes in the risk factors facing the Company since that time.

Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There have been no unregistered sales of equity securities.

On November 3, 2015 the Company announced that its board of directors has authorized a share repurchase program which targets to repurchase up to $90 million of common stock over the next three years.

During the three months ended September 30, 2017, no shares of our common stock were repurchased by the Company. There was $82.5 million remaining under the 2015 authorization as at September 30, 2017.

Repurchases of common stock are held as treasury shares unless reissued under equity compensation plans.

Item 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5 Other Information

None.

Item 6 Exhibits



31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101		XBRL Instance Document and Related Items.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		INNOSPEC INC.
		Registrant

Date: November 8, 2017	By	/s/ PATRICK S. WILLIAMS
		Patrick S. Williams
		President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 8, 2017	By	/s/ IAN P. CLEMINSON
		Ian P. Cleminson
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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