JUNIPER NETWORKS INC - Quarter Report: 2019 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from_________ to_________

Commission file number: 001-34501

JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		77-0422528
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1133 Innovation Way
Sunnyvale, California		94089
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)
(408) 745-2000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer x	Accelerated filer o	Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o	Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share	JNPR	New York Stock Exchange

There were 344,325,417 shares of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.00001, outstanding as of May 3, 2019.

Juniper Networks, Inc.



Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Page
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018	4

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018	6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018	7

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	41

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	41

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	42

Item 1A. Risk Factors	42

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	62

Item 6. Exhibits	63

SIGNATURES	64

Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Juniper Networks, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In millions, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Net revenues:
Product	$	618.7	$	710.8
Service	383.0		371.8
Total net revenues	1,001.7		1,082.6
Cost of revenues:
Product	270.0		306.4
Service	149.4		157.8
Total cost of revenues	419.4		464.2
Gross margin	582.3		618.4
Operating expenses:
Research and development	227.6		269.4
Sales and marketing	228.5		239.4
General and administrative	68.2		56.0
Restructuring charges (benefits)	15.3		(1.9		)
Total operating expenses	539.6		562.9
Operating income	42.7		55.5
Other income (expense), net	1.8		(14.1		)
Income before income taxes	44.5		41.4
Income tax provision	13.4		7.0
Net income	$	31.1	$	34.4

Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.09	$	0.10
Diluted	$	0.09	$	0.10
Shares used in computing net income per share:
Basic	348.1		355.3
Diluted	352.7		360.6

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In millions)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Net income	$	31.1	$	34.4
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Change in net unrealized gains and losses, net of tax (provision) benefit of ($0.6) and $1.4, respectively	1.8		(2.0		)
Net realized losses reclassified into net income, net of tax provisions of zero and zero, respectively	—		0.9
Net change on available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax	1.8		(1.1		)
Cash flow hedges:
Change in net unrealized gains and losses, net of tax provision of $1.3 and $0.3, respectively	2.1		13.1
Net realized (gains) losses reclassified into net income, net of tax provisions of $0.2 and $0.6, respectively	1.2		(5.1		)
Net change on cash flow hedges, net of tax	3.3		8.0
Change in foreign currency translation adjustments	2.2		5.3
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	7.3		12.2
Comprehensive income	$	38.4	$	46.6

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In millions, except par values)



	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,155.6		$	2,489.0
Short-term investments	1,227.4			1,070.1
Accounts receivable, net of allowances	645.4			754.6
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	281.2			268.1
Total current assets	4,309.6			4,581.8
Property and equipment, net	892.4			951.7
Operating lease assets	184.2			—
Long-term investments	119.7			199.0
Purchased intangible assets, net	113.5			118.5
Goodwill	3,109.3			3,108.8
Other long-term assets	409.2			403.5
Total assets	$	9,137.9		$	9,363.3
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	219.1		$	208.8
Accrued compensation	166.8			221.0
Deferred revenue	860.1			829.3
Short-term portion of long-term debt	—			349.9
Other accrued liabilities	243.1			233.5
Total current liabilities	1,489.1			1,842.5
Long-term debt	1,789.6			1,789.1
Long-term deferred revenue	370.8			384.3
Long-term income taxes payable	407.3			404.4
Long-term operating lease liabilities	176.7			—
Other long-term liabilities	53.2			119.8
Total liabilities	4,286.7			4,540.1
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' equity:
Convertible preferred stock, $0.00001 par value; 10.0 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.00001 par value; 1,000.0 shares authorized; 352.0 shares and 346.4 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	—			—
Additional paid-in capital	7,668.6			7,672.8
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10.9		)	(18.2		)
Accumulated deficit	(2,806.5		)	(2,831.4		)
Total stockholders' equity	4,851.2			4,823.2
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	9,137.9		$	9,363.3

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In millions)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	31.1		$	34.4
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Share-based compensation expense	33.9			70.4
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion	48.7			55.7
Other	(2.2		)	1.7
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	108.6			170.8
Prepaid expenses and other assets	0.5			(11.7		)
Accounts payable	10.1			(31.2		)
Accrued compensation	(54.9		)	(14.1		)
Income taxes payable	(5.7		)	(7.6		)
Other accrued liabilities	(27.9		)	(51.1		)
Deferred revenue	17.2			53.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	159.4			271.1
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(27.9		)	(42.2		)
Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities	(884.4		)	(8.1		)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale debt securities	232.8			968.0
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions of available-for-sale debt securities	578.3			215.4
Purchases of equity securities	(5.1		)	(2.0		)
Proceeds from sales of equity securities	2.2			3.3
Subsequent payments related to acquisitions in prior years	—			(22.2		)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(104.1		)	1,112.2
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchase and retirement of common stock	(2.9		)	(754.2		)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	29.5			29.3
Payment of dividends	(66.2		)	(62.1		)
Change in customer financing arrangement	—			(16.6		)
Payment of debt	(350.0		)	—
Net cash used in financing activities	(389.6		)	(803.6		)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1.6			6.2
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(332.7		)	585.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	2,505.8			2,059.1
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	2,173.1		$	2,645.0

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(In millions, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
			Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity
	Shares		Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2018	346.4		$	7,672.8		$	(18.2	)	$	(2,831.4	)	$	4,823.2
Net income	—		—			—			31.1			31.1
Other comprehensive income, net	—		—			7.3			—			7.3
Issuance of common stock	5.7		29.5			—			—			29.5
Repurchase and retirement of common stock	(0.1	)	(1.4		)	—			(1.5		)	(2.9		)
Share-based compensation expense	—		33.9			—			—			33.9
Payments of cash dividends ($0.19 per share of common stock)	—		(66.2		)	—			—			(66.2		)
Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-12 ("Topic 815"), net	—		—			—			0.1			0.1
Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2016-02 ("Topic 842"), net	—		—			—			(4.8		)	(4.8		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	352.0		$	7,668.6		$	(10.9	)	$	(2,806.5	)	$	4,851.2


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
			Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity
	Shares		Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2017	365.5		$	8,042.1		$	(5.4	)	$	(3,355.8	)	$	4,680.9
Net income	—		—			—			34.4			34.4
Other comprehensive income, net	—		—			12.2			—			12.2
Issuance of common stock	7.0		29.3			—			—			29.3
Repurchase and retirement of common stock	(23.5	)	(314.4		)	—			(289.8		)	(604.2		)
Purchase of equity forward contract	—		(150.0		)	—			—			(150.0		)
Share-based compensation expense	—		70.6			—			—			70.6
Payments of cash dividends ($0.18 per share of common stock)	—		(62.1		)	—			—			(62.1		)
Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2014-09 ("Topic 606"), net	—		—			—			313.6			313.6
Reclassification of tax effects upon adoption of ASU 2018-02 ("Topic 220"), net	—		—			5.7			(5.7		)	—
Balance at March 31, 2018	349.0		$	7,615.5		$	12.5		$	(3,303.3	)	$	4,324.7

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Juniper Networks, Inc. (the “Company” or “Juniper”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements at that date. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019, or any future period.

The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”) should be read in conjunction with “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the "Form 10-K").

The preparation of the financial statements and related disclosures in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Except for the change in certain policies upon adoption of the accounting standards described below, there have been no material changes to the Company's significant accounting policies, compared to the accounting policies described in Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies, in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of the Form 10-K.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Cloud Computing Arrangement: On January 1, 2019, the Company early adopted FASB ASU No. 2018-15 (Subtopic 350-40) Intangibles — Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, which provides guidance on a customer's accounting for implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is hosted by a service contract. The Company has adopted the standard prospectively and had no material impact to all applicable implementation costs incurred after the adoption date.

Derivatives and Hedging: On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted FASB ASU No. 2017-12 (Topic 815) Derivatives and Hedging — Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, and an amendment thereafter, which expands an entity's ability to hedge financial and nonfinancial risk components and amends how companies assess effectiveness as well as changes the presentation and disclosure requirements. The Company adopted the standard under the modified retrospective approach, and its amendment and presentation and disclosure requirements on a prospective basis. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 5, Derivative Instruments for additional disclosures required upon adopting the standard.

Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities: On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted FASB ASU No. 2017-08 Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities which shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date. The standard will not impact debt securities held at a discount. The Company adopted the standard under the modified retrospective approach. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Leases: On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted FASB ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and the related subsequent amendments ("ASC 842"), which require recognition by the lessees of right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities for most leases on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company adopted the new standard under the modified retrospective approach, and recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method, financial results reported in periods prior to 2019 are unchanged. The Company elected the package of practical expedients which did not require the reassessment of existing leases under the new guidance. The Company also elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components and to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases.

The cumulative effect of the adjustments made to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of the adoption date is detailed as follows (in millions):

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)



	December 31, 2018						January 1, 2019
	As reported			Adjustments due to ASC 842			As adjusted
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	268.1		$	(1.4	)	$	266.7
Property and equipment, net	951.7			(42.9		)	908.8
Operating lease assets	—			192.5			192.5
Other long-term assets	403.5			1.3			404.8
Total assets	$	9,363.3		$	149.5		$	9,512.8

Liabilities:
Other accrued liabilities	$	233.5		$	35.6		$	269.1
Long-term operating lease liabilities	—			185.5			185.5
Other long-term liabilities	119.8			(66.7		)	53.1
Total liabilities	$	4,540.1		$	154.4		$	4,694.5

Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(2,831.4	)	$	(4.9	)	$	(2,836.3	)

The adoption of the standard had no impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows or debt-covenant compliance under its current agreements. See Note 13, Commitment and Contingencies, for additional disclosures required upon adopting the standard.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company evaluates classification of leases at commencement and, as necessary, at modification. As of March 31, 2019, the Company did not have any finance leases. Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, other accrued liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease.

Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made prior to lease commencement and excludes lease incentives. Variable lease payments not dependent on an index or a rate, are expensed as incurred and are not included within the ROU asset and lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments primarily include reimbursements of costs incurred by lessors for common area maintenance and utilities. The Company's lease terms are the noncancelable period including any rent-free periods provided by the lessor and include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that it will exercise that option. At lease inception, and in subsequent periods as necessary, the Company estimates the lease term based on its assessment of extension and termination options that are reasonably certain to be exercised. Lease costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company does not separate non-lease components from lease components for all underlying classes of assets. In addition, the Company does not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases, which have a lease term of twelve months or less and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. Lease cost for short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Fair Value Measurement: In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13 (Topic 820) Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, adds, and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements under ASC 820. This ASU is to be applied on a prospective basis for certain modified or new disclosure requirements, and all other amendments in the standard are to be applied on a retrospective basis. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment: In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04 (Topic 350) Intangibles—Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the amended guidance, a goodwill impairment charge will now be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. This ASU will be applied on a prospective basis and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (Topic 326) Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which provides more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and changes the loss impairment methodology. Further amendment issued by the FASB in November 2018 clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Topic 326 and should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842. This pronouncement and its amendment are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, using a modified retrospective adoption method. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 3. Cash Equivalents and Investments

Investments in Available-for-Sale Debt Securities

The following table summarizes the Company's unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investments designated as available-for-sale debt securities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in millions):



	As of March 31, 2019									As of December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
Fixed income securities:
Asset-backed securities	$	30.4	$	—	$	(0.1	)	$	30.3	$	46.8	$	—	$	(0.3	)	$	46.5
Certificates of deposit	95.4		—		—			95.4		152.9		—		—			152.9
Commercial paper	377.5		—		—			377.5		393.6		—		—			393.6
Corporate debt securities	363.3		—		(1.3		)	362.0		416.1		—		(3.1		)	413.0
Foreign government debt securities	38.4		—		(0.1		)	38.3		20.0		—		(0.1		)	19.9
Time deposits	84.2		—		—			84.2		278.6		—		—			278.6
U.S. government agency securities	25.7		—		(0.1		)	25.6		87.2		—		(0.2		)	87.0
U.S. government securities	746.6		0.1		(0.3		)	746.4		811.8		—		(0.5		)	811.3
Total fixed income securities	1,761.5		0.1		(1.9		)	1,759.7		2,207.0		—		(4.2		)	2,202.8
Privately-held debt and redeemable preferred stock securities	14.6		37.4		—			52.0		16.6		37.4		—			54.0
Total available-for-sale debt securities	$	1,776.1	$	37.5	$	(1.9	)	$	1,811.7	$	2,223.6	$	37.4	$	(4.2	)	$	2,256.8

Reported as:
Cash equivalents	$	414.4	$	—	$	—		$	414.4	$	936.5	$	—	$	—		$	936.5
Short-term investments	1,226.7		0.1		(1.2		)	1,225.6		1,069.2		—		(1.9		)	1,067.3
Long-term investments	120.4		—		(0.7		)	119.7		201.3		—		(2.3		)	199.0
Other long-term assets	14.6		37.4		—			52.0		16.6		37.4		—			54.0
Total	$	1,776.1	$	37.5	$	(1.9	)	$	1,811.7	$	2,223.6	$	37.4	$	(4.2	)	$	2,256.8

The following table presents the contractual maturities of the Company's total fixed income securities as of March 31, 2019 (in millions):



	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	1,641.1	$	1,640.0
Due between one and five years	120.4		119.7
Total	$	1,761.5	$	1,759.7

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

The following tables present the Company's total fixed income securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in millions):



	As of March 31, 2019
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Fixed income securities:
Asset-backed securities	$	0.2	$	—	$	27.7	$	(0.1	)	$	27.9	$	(0.1	)
Corporate debt securities	47.3		—		278.1		(1.3		)	325.4		(1.3		)
Foreign government debt securities	5.5		—		17.3		(0.1		)	22.8		(0.1		)
U.S. government agency securities	—		—		23.6		(0.1		)	23.6		(0.1		)
U.S. government securities	312.0		—		46.4		(0.3		)	358.4		(0.3		)
Total fixed income securities	$	365.0	$	—	$	393.1	$	(1.9	)	$	758.1	$	(1.9	)



	As of December 31, 2018
	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or Greater					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Fixed income securities:
Asset-backed securities	$	3.1	$	—		$	43.0	$	(0.3	)	$	46.1	$	(0.3	)
Corporate debt securities	72.6		(0.1		)	330.7		(3.0		)	403.3		(3.1		)
Foreign government debt securities	1.5		—			18.4		(0.1		)	19.9		(0.1		)
U.S. government agency securities	2.0		—			45.2		(0.2		)	47.2		(0.2		)
U.S. government securities	344.0		—			63.5		(0.5		)	407.5		(0.5		)
Total fixed income securities	$	423.2	$	(0.1	)	$	500.8	$	(4.1	)	$	924.0	$	(4.2	)

For available-for-sale debt securities that have unrealized losses, the Company assesses impairment by evaluating various factors, including whether (i) it has the intention to sell any of these investments and (ii) whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell any of these investments before recovery of the entire amortized cost basis. As of March 31, 2019, the Company had 382 investments in unrealized loss positions. The gross unrealized losses related to these investments were primarily due to changes in market interest rates. The Company anticipates that it will recover the entire amortized cost basis of such available-for-sale debt securities and has determined that no other-than-temporary impairments associated with credit losses were required to be recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, there were no material gross realized gains or losses from available-for-sale debt securities.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Investments in Equity Securities

The following table presents the Company's investments in equity securities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in millions):



	As of
	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Equity investments with readily determinable fair value
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	$	836.7	$	996.9
Mutual funds⁽²⁾	26.2		24.3
Publicly-traded equity securities	1.8		2.8
Equity investments without readily determinable fair value	42.1		36.4
Total equity securities	$	906.8	$	1,060.4

Reported as:
Cash equivalents	$	825.1	$	985.3
Short-term investments	1.8		2.8
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	11.2		10.9
Other long-term assets	68.7		61.4
Total	$	906.8	$	1,060.4

________________________________


⁽¹⁾	Balance includes $11.6 million and $11.6 million in restricted investments measured at fair value, related to the Company's acquisition-related escrow accounts as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.


⁽²⁾	Balance relates to restricted investments measured at fair value related to the Company's Deferred Compensation Plan.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, there were no material unrealized gains or losses recognized for equity investments.

Restricted Cash and Investments

As of March 31, 2019, the carrying value of restricted cash and investments was $55.3 million, of which $28.8 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $26.5 million was included in other long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in millions):



	As of
	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,155.6	$	2,489.0
Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets	17.5		16.8
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	2,173.1	$	2,505.8

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 4. Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table provides a summary of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):



	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2019										Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets For Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Remaining Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Other Unobservable Remaining Inputs (Level 3)		Total			Quoted Prices in Active Markets For Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Remaining Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Other Unobservable Remaining Inputs (Level 3)		Total
Assets:
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Asset-backed securities	$	—	$	30.3		$	—	$	30.3		$	—	$	46.5		$	—	$	46.5
Certificates of deposit	—		95.4			—		95.4			—		152.9			—		152.9
Commercial paper	—		377.5			—		377.5			—		393.6			—		393.6
Corporate debt securities	—		362.0			—		362.0			—		413.0			—		413.0
Foreign government debt securities	—		38.3			—		38.3			—		19.9			—		19.9
Time deposits	—		84.2			—		84.2			—		278.6			—		278.6
U.S. government agency securities	—		25.6			—		25.6			—		87.0			—		87.0
U.S. government securities	412.9		333.5			—		746.4			352.8		458.5			—		811.3
Privately-held debt and redeemable preferred stock securities	—		—			52.0		52.0			—		—			54.0		54.0
Total available-for-sale debt securities	412.9		1,346.8			52.0		1,811.7			352.8		1,850.0			54.0		2,256.8
Equity securities:
Money market funds	836.7		—			—		836.7			996.9		—			—		996.9
Mutual funds	26.2		—			—		26.2			24.3		—			—		24.3
Publicly-traded equity securities	1.8		—			—		1.8			2.8		—			—		2.8
Total equity securities	864.7		—			—		864.7			1,024.0		—			—		1,024.0
Derivative assets:
Foreign exchange contracts	—		8.4			—		8.4			—		5.3			—		5.3
Total assets measured at fair value	$	1,277.6	$	1,355.2		$	52.0	$	2,684.8		$	1,376.8	$	1,855.3		$	54.0	$	3,286.1
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)

Total assets, reported as:
Cash equivalents	$	825.1	$	414.4		$	—	$	1,239.5		$	1,025.2	$	896.6		$	—	$	1,921.8
Short-term investments	406.2		821.2			—		1,227.4			297.5		772.6			—		1,070.1
Long-term investments	8.5		111.2			—		119.7			18.2		180.8			—		199.0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	11.3		8.4			—		19.7			10.8		5.3			—		16.1
Other long-term assets	26.5		—			52.0		78.5			25.1		—			54.0		79.1
Total assets measured at fair value	$	1,277.6	$	1,355.2		$	52.0	$	2,684.8		$	1,376.8	$	1,855.3		$	54.0	$	3,286.1

Total liabilities, reported as:
Other accrued liabilities	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(5.8	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)	$	—	$	(7.1	)

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

The Company's Level 2 available-for-sale debt securities are priced using quoted market prices for similar instruments or non-binding market prices that are corroborated by observable market data. The Company uses inputs such as actual trade data, benchmark yields, broker/dealer quotes, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency which are obtained from quoted market prices, independent pricing vendors, or other sources, to determine the ultimate fair value of these assets. The Company's derivative instruments are classified as Level 2, as they are not actively traded and are valued using pricing models that use observable market inputs. The Company's policy is to recognize asset or liability transfers among Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 at the beginning of the quarter in which a change in circumstances resulted in a transfer. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company had no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy of its assets or liabilities measured at fair value.

All of the Company's privately-held debt and redeemable preferred stock securities are classified as Level 3 assets due to the lack of observable inputs to determine fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of its privately-held debt and redeemable preferred stock securities on a recurring basis using an analysis of the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investee, including recent financing activities and the investee's capital structure. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no significant activities related to privately-held debt and redeemable preferred stock securities.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain of the Company's assets, including intangible assets and goodwill, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, when they are deemed to be other-than temporarily impaired. There were no impairment charges recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Equity investments without readily determinable fair value are measured at fair value, when they are deemed to be impaired or when there is an adjustment from observable price changes. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no material impairment charges or adjustments resulting from observable price changes for equity investments without readily determinable fair value.

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The carrying amounts of the Company's accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the estimated fair value of the Company's total outstanding debt in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was $1,856.2 million and $2,158.7 million, respectively, based on observable market inputs (Level 2). The carrying value of the promissory note issued to the Company in connection with the previously completed sale of Junos Pulse, along with the accumulated interest paid in kind, of $69.0 million approximates its fair value as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Notes receivable are generally classified as Level 3 asset due to the lack of observable inputs to determine fair value. The carrying value of a contract manufacturer deposit of $47.6 million, reported within other long-term assets, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates its fair value as of March 31, 2019. See Note 6, Other Financial Information, for further information on the contract manufacturer deposit.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 5. Derivative Instruments

The Company uses derivatives to partially offset its market exposure to fluctuations in certain foreign currencies and does not enter into derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.

The notional amount of the Company's foreign currency derivatives are summarized as follows (in millions):



	As of
	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash flow hedges	$	377.0	$	497.7
Non-designated derivatives	175.6		158.7
Total	$	552.6	$	656.4

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the Company's planned cost of revenues and operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies. These derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. Execution of cash flow hedge derivatives typically occurs every month with maturities of eighteen months or less. As of March 31, 2019, an estimated $2.8 million of unrealized net gain within accumulated other comprehensive loss is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

The Company recognized an unrealized gain of $3.4 million and $13.4 million in accumulated other comprehensive income for the effective portion of its derivative instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively. The Company reclassified a loss of $1.0 million and a gain of $5.6 million out of accumulated other comprehensive income to cost of revenues and operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively.

See Note 4, Fair Value Measurements, for the fair values of the Company's derivative instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Non-Designated Derivatives

The Company also uses foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate variability in gains and losses generated from the remeasurement of certain monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. These foreign exchange forward contracts typically have maturities of approximately one to three months. The outstanding non-designated derivative instruments are carried at fair value. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives recorded in other expense, net within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were not material during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 6. Other Financial Information

Inventory

Total inventory consisted of the following (in millions):



	As of
	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Production and service materials	$	72.6	$	60.6
Finished goods	21.3		21.4
Inventory	$	93.9	$	82.0

Reported as:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	92.4	$	80.6
Other long-term assets	1.5		1.4
Total	$	93.9	$	82.0

Deposit

The Company has a non-interest bearing deposit balance of $47.6 million, net of an unamortized discount balance of $2.3 million, to a contract manufacturer per the terms of the agreement. The discount is calculated based on an imputed interest rate of 4.8% at March 31, 2019. The imputed interest will be amortized over the term of the deposit to interest income along with a corresponding charge to cost of revenues. The deposit is due on demand in the second quarter of 2020 and has been classified as other long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Warranties

Changes during the three months ended March 31, 2019 in the Company’s warranty reserve as reported within other accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in millions):



Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	28.0
Provisions made during the period	8.6
Actual costs incurred during the period	(7.7		)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	28.9

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Deferred Revenue

Details of the Company's deferred revenue, as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows (in millions):



	As of
	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Deferred product revenue:
Undelivered product commitments and other product deferrals	$	152.3		$	163.3
Deferred gross product revenue	152.3			163.3
Deferred cost of product revenue	(12.7		)	(18.9		)
Deferred product revenue, net	139.6			144.4
Deferred service revenue	1,091.3			1,069.2
Total	$	1,230.9		$	1,213.6
Reported as:
Current	$	860.1		$	829.3
Long-term	370.8			384.3
Total	$	1,230.9		$	1,213.6

Revenue

See Note 10, Segments, for disaggregated revenue by product and service, customer vertical, and geographic region.

The following table summarizes the transaction price for contracts that have not yet been recognized as revenue as of March 31, 2019 and when the Company expects to recognize the amounts as revenue (in millions):



	Revenue Recognition Expected by Period
	Total		Less than 1 year		1-3 years		More than 3 years
Product	$	152.3	$	122.8	$	26.0	$	3.5
Service	1,091.3		750.0		285.8		55.5
Total	$	1,243.6	$	872.8	$	311.8	$	59.0

Deferred Commissions

Deferred commissions were $26.1 million as of March 31, 2019. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, amortization expense for the deferred commissions was $34.9 million. There were no impairment charges recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net, consisted of the following (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Interest income	$	23.5		$	14.9
Interest expense	(24.2		)	(26.0		)
Gain (loss) on investments, net	1.6			(0.5		)
Other	0.9			(2.5		)
Other income (expense), net	$	1.8		$	(14.1	)

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 7. Restructuring Charges

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company initiated a restructuring plan (the "2019 Restructuring Plan") designed to realign its workforce with the Company's sales strategy, improve productivity, and enhance cost efficiencies. The 2019 Restructuring Plan consists of workforce reductions and facility closures.

In connection with the 2019 Restructuring Plan, the Company recorded $15.1 million of severance costs and $0.2 million of facility consolidations, respectively, to restructuring charges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three months ended March 31, 2019

Restructuring liabilities are reported within other accrued liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table provides a summary of changes in the restructuring liabilities for the Company's 2019 and prior year plans (in millions):



	December 31, 2018		Charges		Cash Payments			Other			March 31, 2019
Severance	$	1.1	$	15.1	$	(10.1	)	$	(0.1	)	$	6.0
Facility consolidations	—		0.2		(0.1		)	(0.1		)	—
Total	$	1.1	$	15.3	$	(10.2	)	$	(0.2	)	$	6.0

The Company expects to pay the remaining restructuring liabilities by the end of the third quarter of 2019.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 8. Equity

The following table summarizes dividends paid, stock repurchases and retirements under the Company's stock repurchase program (in millions, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾
Dividends
Per share	$	0.19	$	0.18
Amount	$	66.2	$	62.1

Stock repurchases
Shares	—		23.3
Average price per share	$	—	$	25.80
Amount	$	—	$	750.0

________________________________


⁽¹⁾	Shares repurchased under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program.


⁽²⁾	$750.0 million represents the full amount of the accelerated share repurchase program (the "ASR") for which 23.3 million shares were received initially during the first quarter of 2018, and an additional 6.0 million shares were received at final settlement during the third quarter of 2018.

Cash Dividends on Shares of Common Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.19 per share of common stock on January 29, 2019, which was paid on March 22, 2019 to stockholders of record on March 1, 2019. Any future dividends, and the establishment of record and payment dates, are subject to approval by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Juniper or an authorized committee thereof. See Note 14, Subsequent Event, for discussion of the Company's dividend declaration subsequent to March 31, 2019.

Stock Repurchase Activities

In January 2018, the Board approved a $2.0 billion share repurchase program ("2018 Stock Repurchase Program"). As part of the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program, in February 2018, the Company entered into an ASR to repurchase $750.0 million of its common stock. The Company made an up-front payment of $750.0 million pursuant to the ASR to repurchase its common stock. The aggregate number of shares ultimately repurchased of 29.3 million shares of common stock was determined based on a volume weighted average repurchase price, less an agreed upon discount, of $25.62 per share.

As of March 31, 2019, there were $1.3 billion of authorized funds remaining under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program.

In addition to repurchases under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program, the Company also repurchases common stock from certain employees in connection with the net issuance of shares to satisfy applicable tax withholding requirements upon the vesting of certain stock awards issued to such employees. Repurchases associated with tax withholdings were not material during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of related taxes, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 were as follows (in millions):



	Unrealized Gains/Losses on Available-for- Sale Debt Securities		Unrealized Gains/Losses on Cash Flow Hedges			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	25.5	$	(0.9	)	$	(42.8	)	$	(18.2	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	1.8		2.1			2.2			6.1
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	—		1.2			—			1.2
Other comprehensive income, net	1.8		3.3			2.2			7.3
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	27.3	$	2.4		$	(40.6	)	$	(10.9	)

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 9. Employee Benefit Plans

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company has stock-based compensation plans pursuant to which it has granted stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and performance share awards (“PSAs”). The Company also maintains its 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) for all eligible employees. As of March 31, 2019, 11.4 million and 7.4 million shares were available for future issuance under the Company's 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2015 Plan") and the ESPP, respectively. In connection with past acquisitions, the Company also assumed or substituted stock options, RSUs, RSAs, and PSAs.

Restricted Stock Unit and Performance Share Award Activities

The Company’s RSU and PSA activity and related information as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2019 were as follows (in millions, except per share amounts and years):



	Outstanding RSUs, RSAs and PSAs⁽⁴⁾
	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2018	17.4		$	25.32
RSUs granted ⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾	5.5		25.53
PSAs granted⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	0.7		25.06
RSUs vested	(3.9	)	26.00
RSAs vested	(0.1	)	23.13
PSAs vested	(0.5	)	26.76
RSUs canceled	(0.8	)	26.32
PSAs canceled	(0.6	)	23.25
Balance as of March 31, 2019	17.7		$	25.21	1.5	$	467.8

________________________________

⁽¹⁾

Includes service-based and market-based RSUs. The number of shares subject to market-based condition represents the aggregate maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the award over its full term. The aggregate number of shares subject to market-based condition that would be issued if market criteria determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board are achieved at target is 0.2 million shares. Depending on achievement of such performance goals, the range of shares that could be issued under these awards is zero to 0.4 million shares.

⁽²⁾

The number of shares subject to PSAs granted represents the aggregate maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the award over its full term. The aggregate number of shares subject to these PSAs that would be issued if performance goals determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board are achieved at target is 0.4 million shares. Depending on achievement of such performance goals, the range of shares that could be issued under these awards is zero to 0.7 million shares.

⁽³⁾

The grant date fair value of RSUs and PSAs were reduced by the present value of dividends expected to be paid on the underlying shares of common stock during the requisite and derived service period as these awards are not entitled to receive dividends until vested. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.19 per share of common stock on January 29, 2019.


⁽⁴⁾	0.3 million shares of PSAs were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2019, which relate to PSAs granted in 2018 and PSAs assumed by the Company in connection with acquisitions consummated in 2016. Compensation cost resulting from the modifications totaled $7.7 million to be recognized over the remaining terms of the modified awards.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table summarizes employee stock purchases through the ESPP (in millions, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Shares purchased	1.2		1.3
Average exercise price per share	$	22.04	$	22.23

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

On November 6, 2017, the Company’s Compensation Committee amended and restated the ESPP to provide that the offering period that began on February 1, 2018 would be for 24 months with four 6-month purchase periods. A new 24-month offering period will commence every six months thereafter. The purchase price for the Company’s common stock under the ESPP is 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the shares at (1) the beginning of the applicable offering period or (2) the end of each 6-month purchase period during such offering period. The ESPP will continue in effect until February 25, 2028, unless terminated earlier under the provisions of the ESPP.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

Share-based compensation expense associated with stock options, RSUs, restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), PSAs, and the ESPP was recorded in the following cost and expense categories in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Cost of revenues - Product	$	1.9	$	1.9
Cost of revenues - Service	4.5		4.8
Research and development	12.2		44.1
Sales and marketing	9.4		13.5
General and administrative	5.9		6.1
Total	$	33.9	$	70.4

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense by award type (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Stock options	$	0.1	$	0.1
RSUs, RSAs, and PSAs	29.1		65.6
ESPP	4.7		4.7
Total	$	33.9	$	70.4

As of March 31, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based awards was $369.5 million to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 10. Segments

The Company operates in one reportable segment. The Company's chief executive officer, who is the chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance, accompanied by disaggregated information about net revenues by product and service, customer vertical, and geographic region as presented below.

The following table presents net revenues by product and service (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Routing	$	374.7	$	408.1
Switching	176.4		230.0
Security	67.6		72.7
Total product	618.7		710.8

Total service	383.0		371.8
Total	$	1,001.7	$	1,082.6

The following table presents net revenues by customer vertical^(*) (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Cloud	$	223.1	$	270.9
Service Provider	435.6		480.1
Enterprise	343.0		331.6
Total	$	1,001.7	$	1,082.6

________________________________


^(*)	Certain insignificant prior-period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current-period presentation.

The Company attributes revenues to geographic region based on the customer’s shipping address. The following table presents net revenues by geographic region (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Americas:
United States	$	476.6	$	532.3
Other	67.0		55.3
Total Americas	543.6		587.6
Europe, Middle East, and Africa	286.2		308.0
Asia Pacific	171.9		187.0
Total	$	1,001.7	$	1,082.6

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 11. Income Taxes

The following table provides details of income taxes (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Income before income taxes	$	44.5		$	41.4
Income tax provision	$	13.4		$	7.0
Effective tax rate	30.1		%	16.9		%

The Company's effective tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2019 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to the benefit of the federal research and development ("R&D") credit and foreign earnings taxed at lower rates partially offset in the U.S. by the Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax and state income taxes. The increase in the rate reflects the inability to fully benefit the discrete charges in the period and the net impact of unrecognized tax benefits.

The effective tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2018 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the net impact of previously unrecognized tax benefits.

As of March 31, 2019, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $181.6 million, of which $178.2 million, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.

The Company engages in continuous discussions and negotiations with tax authorities regarding tax matters in various jurisdictions. It is reasonably possible that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits could decrease up to $30.4 million within the next twelve months due to lapses of applicable statutes of limitations and the completion of tax review cycles in various tax jurisdictions.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 12. Net Income per Share

The Company computed basic and diluted net income per share as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	31.1	$	34.4
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used to compute basic net income per share	348.1		355.3
Dilutive effect of employee stock awards	4.6		5.3
Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted net income per share	352.7		360.6
Net income per share
Basic	$	0.09	$	0.10
Diluted	$	0.09	$	0.10

Anti-dilutive shares	5.0		10.4

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Except for the items below, there have been no material changes to the Company's commitments compared to the commitments described in Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of the Form 10-K.

Leases

The Company leases its facilities and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases that have remaining lease terms of 1 to 7 years and 1 to 3 years, respectively. Each leased facility is subject to an individual lease or sublease, which could provide various options to extend or terminate the lease agreement. Facilities are primarily comprised of corporate offices, data centers, and R&D facilities. Equipment includes vehicles and various office equipment. The Company also has variable lease payments that are primarily comprised of common area maintenance and utility charges. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.

The components of lease costs and other information related to leases were as follows (in millions, except years and percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost	$	11.9
Variable lease cost	3.1
Total lease cost	$	15.0

Operating cash outflows from operating leases	$	11.6
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	0.6

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)	6.0
Weighted average discount rate	4.4		%

As of March 31, 2019, future minimum operating lease payments for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in millions):



Years Ending December 31,	Amount
2019	$	32.9
2020	47.3
2021	40.4
2022	32.7
2023	29.8
Thereafter	60.3
Total lease payments	243.4
Less: interest	(30.0		)
Total	$	213.4

Balance Sheet Information
Other accrued liabilities	36.7
Long-term operating lease liabilities	176.7
Total	$	213.4

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Purchase Commitments with Contract Manufacturers and Suppliers

In order to reduce manufacturing lead times and in the interest of having access to adequate component supply, the Company enters into agreements with contract manufacturers and certain suppliers to procure inventory based on the Company's requirements. A significant portion of the Company's purchase commitments arising from these agreements consists of firm and non-cancelable commitments. These purchase commitments totaled $632.4 million as of March 31, 2019.

The Company establishes a liability in connection with purchase commitments related to quantities in excess of its demand forecasts or obsolete materials charges for components purchased by the contract manufacturers based on the Company’s demand forecast or customer orders. As of March 31, 2019, the Company had accrued $32.8 million based on its estimate of such charges.

Indebtedness

In February 2019, the Company paid the aggregate principal amount of $350.0 million on its 3.125% senior notes upon maturity.

Legal Proceedings

Investigations

The Company previously disclosed that it has been the subject of investigations by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the U.S. Department of Justice ("DOJ") into possible violations by the Company of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In cooperation with these investigations, the Company and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, with the assistance of outside counsel and other independent advisors, conducted a thorough internal investigation. As a result of its internal investigation, the Company made significant improvements in its internal controls and carried out a number of disciplinary actions. In the fourth quarter of 2017, the DOJ notified the Company that the DOJ has closed its investigation related to these matters without taking any action against the Company. The Company is continuing to fully cooperate with the SEC’s ongoing investigation, and based on the Company’s recent communications with the Staff of the SEC, the Company believes that it is likely that the Staff of the SEC will seek to bring an enforcement action against the Company. The Company believes it is probable that it could incur a loss and has established an estimated legal reserve of $12.0 million related to the ongoing SEC investigation; however, as discussions are continuing, there can be no assurance as to the timing or the terms of any final resolution of this matter.

Other Litigations and Investigations

In addition to the investigations discussed above, the Company is involved in other investigations, disputes, litigations, and legal proceedings. The Company records an accrual for loss contingencies for legal proceedings when it believes that an unfavorable outcome is both (a) probable and (b) the amount or range of any possible loss is reasonably estimable. The Company intends to aggressively defend itself in these matters, and while there can be no assurances and the outcome of these matters is currently not determinable, the Company currently believes that none of these existing claims or proceedings are likely to have a material adverse effect on its financial position. Notwithstanding the foregoing, there are many uncertainties associated with any litigation and these matters or other third-party claims against the Company may cause the Company to incur costly litigation and/or substantial settlement charges. In addition, the resolution of any intellectual property litigation may require the Company to make royalty payments, which could adversely affect gross margins in future periods. If any of those events were to occur, the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be adversely affected. The actual liability in any such matters may be materially different from the Company's estimates, if any, which could result in the need to adjust the liability and record additional expenses.

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Juniper Networks, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 14. Subsequent Event

Mist Acquisition

On April 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of Mist Systems, Inc. (“Mist”), a software company that provides cloud-managed wireless networks powered by artificial intelligence ("AI") for approximately $365.0 million in cash consideration, subject to adjustments for cash on hand, up to a certain limit, indebtedness, and certain other closing adjustments. A portion of the consideration includes certain share-based awards attributable to services prior to the acquisition.

Credit Facility

In April 2019, the Company entered into a new credit agreement with certain institutional lenders that provides for a five-year $500.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), with an option to increase the Revolving Credit Facility by up to an additional $200.0 million, subject to the lenders' approval. The Revolving Credit Facility will terminate in April 2024, subject to two one-year maturity extension options, on the terms and conditions set forth in the Revolving Credit Facility.

Dividend Declaration

On April 25, 2019, the Company announced that the Board declared a cash dividend of $0.19 per share of common stock to be paid on June 24, 2019 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 3, 2019.

Stock Repurchase Activities

The Board also authorized the Company to enter into an ASR for an amount up to $300.0 million under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program.

On April 29, 2019, the Company entered into an ASR with a financial institution, to repurchase an aggregate of approximately $300.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock. The Company made an up-front payment of $300.0 million pursuant to the ASR and received and retired an initial 8.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock for an aggregate price of $240.0 million based on the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the transaction. The Company has an aggregate of $1.0 billion of authorized funds remaining under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program, as of the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Restructuring

In April 2019, the Company amended the 2019 Restructuring Plan to implement certain additional organizational changes resulting in a realignment of the Company's workforce. As a result, the Company expects to record severance charges of approximately $6.0 million to $7.5 million related to headcount reductions in the second quarter of 2019.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which we refer to as the Report, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future results of Juniper Networks, Inc., which we refer to as “we,” “us,” "Juniper," or the “Company,” that are based on our current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about our business, economic and market outlook, our results of operations, the industry in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “targets,” “goals,” “projects,” “would,” “will,” “could,” “may,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and these forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this Report under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II and elsewhere, and in other reports we file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. While forward-looking statements are based on reasonable expectations of our management at the time that they are made, you should not rely on them. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by applicable law.

The following discussion is based upon our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item I, of this Report, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. In the course of operating our business, we routinely make decisions as to the timing of the payment of invoices, the collection of receivables, the manufacturing and shipment of products, the fulfillment of orders, the purchase of supplies, and the building of inventory and spare parts, among other matters. In making these decisions, we consider various factors, including contractual obligations, customer satisfaction, competition, internal and external financial targets and expectations, and financial planning objectives. Each of these decisions has some impact on the financial results for any given period.

To aid in understanding our operating results for the periods covered by this Report, we have provided an executive overview, which includes a summary of our business and market environment along with a financial results and key performance metrics overview. These sections should be read in conjunction with the more detailed discussion and analysis of our condensed consolidated financial condition and results of operations in this Item 2, our “Risk Factors” section included in Item 1A of Part II of this Report, and our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Report, as well as our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, or Form 10-K.

Business and Market Environment

Juniper designs, develops, and sells products and services for high-performance networks to enable customers to build scalable, reliable, secure and cost-effective networks for their businesses, while achieving agility and improved operating efficiency through automation.

Our products are sold in three geographic regions: Americas; Europe, Middle East and Africa, or EMEA; and Asia Pacific, or APAC. We sell our high-performance network products and service offerings across routing, switching, and security technologies. In addition to our products, we offer our customers services, including maintenance and support, professional services, and education and training programs. Our products and services address high-performance network requirements for our customers within our verticals: Cloud, Service Provider, and Enterprise who view their network as critical to their success. We believe our silicon, systems, and software represent innovations that transform the economics and experience of networking, helping our customers achieve superior performance, greater choice, and flexibility, while reducing overall total cost of ownership.

Further, our intent is to expand our software business by introducing new software solutions to our product portfolio that simplify the operation of networks, and allow our customers across our key verticals flexibility in consumption and deployment. We believe our software revenues as a percentage of total revenues will increase over time as we introduce new software product offerings and business models designed to better monetize the value of our software offerings.

We believe the network needs for our customers in our Cloud, Service Provider, and Enterprise verticals are converging, as these customers recognize the need for high performance networks and are adopting cloud architectures for their infrastructure and service delivery, such as large public and private data centers and service provider edge data centers, for improved agility and greater levels of operating efficiency.

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We remain confident in our strategy and we are executing against our innovation roadmap, as each of our industry verticals transitions to cloud architectures. We believe our understanding of high-performance networking technology and cloud architecture, and our strategy, position us to capitalize on the industry transition to more automated, cost-efficient, scalable networks.

In the first quarter of 2019, we continued to execute on our product and solutions strategy and announced new metro, edge and core innovations to accelerate service providers’ 5G transformation. Our Metro Fabric line expansion includes one and three rack unit ACX700 Universal Metro Routers. We announced a new edge MPC11E line card in the MX2000 Series 5G Universal Routing Platform, delivering an increase in line card and system capacity using our Penta Silicon chip. We also announced our new Triton Silicon enabling end-to-end secure connectivity at scale with 400 gigabit-Ethernet, or GbE, native Media Access Control Security that will be used in the PTX10008 and PTX10016 Universal Chassis. These new solutions will help service providers with their infrastructure transformation.

On April 1, 2019, we acquired Mist Systems, Inc., or Mist, a software company that provides cloud-managed wireless networks powered by artificial intelligence. We believe that the acquisition of Mist will enhance our enterprise networking portfolio by combining Mist’s next-generation Wireless LAN platform with our wired LAN, SD-WAN, and security solutions to deliver end-to-end user and IT experiences.

In the first quarter of 2019, we continued to experience weakness within our Cloud and Service provider verticals. In our Cloud vertical, the pace of deployments in a portion of our Cloud customer’s networks has been slower than expected. Nevertheless, we are focused on the Cloud vertical as well as the transition to 400-gig Ethernet, or 400G, which we believe will present further opportunities for Juniper across our portfolio as our Cloud customers value high-performance, highly compact, power efficient infrastructures, which we support and continue to develop.

We believe we will continue to experience weakness with our Cloud customers in the near-term, as deployment cycles remain difficult to predict; however, we remain confident in our competitive position with our strategic Cloud customers. We are taking a number of actions that we believe will help Juniper achieve year-over-year revenue growth in the fourth quarter of 2019 such as: (1) introducing new product offerings which include new MX line cards to capitalize on 5G carrier initiatives, 400G platforms to capture data center footprint, and new enhancements to our Contrail Enterprise Multicloud platform that make it simpler and more cost effective; (2) transitioning our sales organization to better align with our sales strategy; and (3) monetizing our software offerings through subscriptions. Further, we believe the 400G upgrade cycle, 5G deployments, and enterprise multicloud initiatives each represent large opportunities where we are well positioned to benefit over the next several years.

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Financial Results and Key Performance Metrics Overview

The following table provides an overview of our financial results and key financial metrics (in millions, except per share amounts, percentages, and days sales outstanding, or DSO):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Net revenues	$	1,001.7		$	1,082.6		$	(80.9	)	(7	)%
Gross margin	$	582.3		$	618.4		$	(36.1	)	(6	)%
Percentage of net revenues	58.1		%	57.1		%
Operating income	$	42.7		$	55.5		$	(12.8	)	(23	)%
Percentage of net revenues	4.3		%	5.1		%
Net income	$	31.1		$	34.4		$	(3.3	)	(10	)%
Percentage of net revenues	3.1		%	3.2		%
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.09		$	0.10		$	(0.01	)	(10	)%
Diluted	$	0.09		$	0.10		$	(0.01	)	(10	)%

Operating cash flows	$	159.4		$	271.1		$	(111.7	)	(41	)%
Stock repurchase plan activity	$	—		$	750.0		$	(750.0	)	(100	)%
Cash dividends declared per common stock	$	0.19		$	0.18		$	0.01		6	%
DSO	58			57			1			2	%

	As of
	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			$ Change			% Change
Deferred revenue	$	1,230.9		$	1,213.6		$	17.3		1	%
Product deferred revenue	$	139.6		$	144.4		$	(4.8	)	(3	)%
Service deferred revenue	$	1,091.3		$	1,069.2		$	22.1		2	%

•

Net Revenues: Net revenues decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to lower routing and switching revenues from our Cloud and Service Provider verticals, partially offset by an increase in our Enterprise vertical. While Cloud capacity continued to grow year-over-year, the growth in units was not enough to offset the decline in average selling price, or ASP. We experienced a decline in our Service Provider business due to the timing of deployments. Our service net revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to strong renewal and attach rates of support contracts.

Of our top ten customers for the first quarter of 2019, three were Cloud, six were Service Provider, and one was in Enterprise. Of these customers, four were located outside of the U.S.


•	Gross Margin: Our gross margin as a percentage of net revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to higher service revenues, growth from our software revenue, and lower service delivery costs.

•

Operating Margin: Our operating income as a percentage of net revenues decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to the drivers described in the gross margin discussion above, partially offset by a net decrease in our operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of lower personnel-related expenses, driven by a decrease in share-based compensation expense.


•	Operating Cash Flows: Net cash provided by operations decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower cash collections from customers as a result of lower invoicing, partially offset by a decrease in cash payments to suppliers.

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•	Capital Return: We continue to return capital to our stockholders. In the first quarter of 2019, we paid a quarterly dividend of $0.19 per share, for an aggregate amount of $66.2 million.


•	DSO: DSO is calculated as the ratio of ending accounts receivable, net of allowances, divided by average daily net revenues for the preceding 90 days. DSO for the first quarter of 2019 slightly increased, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to lower revenues, partially offset by lower accounts receivable resulting from lower overall invoicing volume.


•	Deferred Revenue: Total deferred revenue increased as of March 31, 2019, compared to December 31, 2018, primarily due to additional billings on support renewals, partially offset by the timing of the delivery of contractual commitments.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience, and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances to determine reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, except for the change in accounting estimates and changes in certain accounting policies related to the adoption of Topic 842 described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Part II, Item 7 of our Form 10-K.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report, for a full description of the recently adopted accounting standards and recent accounting standards not yet adopted, including the actual and expected dates of adoption and estimated effects on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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Results of Operations

Revenues

The following table presents net revenues by product and service, customer vertical^(*), and geographic region (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Routing	$	374.7		$	408.1		$	(33.4	)	(8	)%
Switching	176.4			230.0			(53.6		)	(23	)%
Security	67.6			72.7			(5.1		)	(7	)%
Total Product	618.7			710.8			(92.1		)	(13	)%
Percentage of net revenues	61.8		%	65.7		%
Total Service	383.0			371.8			11.2			3	%
Percentage of net revenues	38.2		%	34.3		%
Total net revenues	$	1,001.7		$	1,082.6		$	(80.9	)	(7	)%

Cloud	$	223.1		$	270.9		$	(47.8	)	(18	)%
Percentage of net revenues	22.3		%	25.0		%
Service Provider	435.6			480.1			(44.5		)	(9	)%
Percentage of net revenues	43.5		%	44.4		%
Enterprise	343.0			331.6			11.4			3	%
Percentage of net revenues	34.2		%	30.6		%
Total net revenues	$	1,001.7		$	1,082.6		$	(80.9	)	(7	)%

Americas:
United States	$	476.6		$	532.3		$	(55.7	)	(10	)%
Other	67.0			55.3			11.7			21	%
Total Americas	543.6			587.6			(44.0		)	(7	)%
Percentage of net revenues	54.2		%	54.3		%
EMEA	286.2			308.0			(21.8		)	(7	)%
Percentage of net revenues	28.6		%	28.4		%
APAC	171.9			187.0			(15.1		)	(8	)%
Percentage of net revenues	17.2		%	17.3		%
Total net revenues	$	1,001.7		$	1,082.6		$	(80.9	)	(7	)%

________________________________


^(*)	Certain insignificant prior-period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current-period presentation.

Product net revenues decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to Cloud and Service Provider, impacting switching and routing. The decrease in product revenues was partially offset by growth in Enterprise.

Routing and switching revenue decreased year-over-year. While Cloud capacity continued to grow year-over-year, the growth in units was not enough to offset the decline in ASP. The decline in our Service Provider business resulted in lower net revenues from our MX, PTX, and QFX product families. The decline was partially offset by revenue growth in Enterprise routing. Given the strength in our Enterprise vertical, strong customer interest in our new platforms, such as Contrail Enterprise Multicloud, MX 204 and MX10003, and the investments we are making in our enterprise sales strategy, we believe our Enterprise vertical will continue to contribute to revenue growth in 2019. We also saw strength in APAC driven by the aforementioned revenue growth in Enterprise, resulting from our solutions based sales strategy to enable the Telco Cloud transformation and enterprise multicloud initiatives. We expect to return to year-over-year growth in the fourth quarter of 2019.

Security net revenues decreased year-over-year, primarily driven by a decrease in our high-end SRX series as it had been undergoing a product refresh cycle and a decline in our other legacy products.

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Service net revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, due to strong renewal and attach rates of support contracts. Additionally, we saw year-over-year services revenue growth in EMEA and Americas.

Gross Margins

The following table presents gross margins (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Product gross margin	$	348.7		$	404.4		$	(55.7	)	(14	)%
Percentage of product revenues	56.4		%	56.9		%
Service gross margin	233.6			214.0			19.6			9	%
Percentage of service revenues	61.0		%	57.6		%
Total gross margin	$	582.3		$	618.4		$	(36.1	)	(6	)%
Percentage of net revenues	58.1		%	57.1		%

Our gross margins as a percentage of net revenues have been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors, including the mix and average selling prices of our products and services, new product introductions and enhancements, manufacturing, component and logistics costs, expenses for inventory obsolescence and warranty obligations, cost of support and service personnel, customer mix as we continue to expand our footprint with certain strategic customers, the mix of distribution channels through which our products and services are sold, and import tariffs. For example, the United States imposed a tariff on networking products imported from China, which includes certain products that we import into and sell within the United States. These import tariffs did not have a significant impact to our gross margins during the three months ended March 31, 2019. For more information on the potential impact of tariffs on our business, see the “Risk Factors” section of Item 1A of Part II of this Report.

Product gross margin

Product gross margin as a percentage of product revenues decreased slightly during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to lower revenue, partially offset by growth in our software revenue. We continue to undertake specific efforts to address certain factors impacting our product gross margin. These efforts include performance and quality improvements through engineering to increase value across our products; optimizing our supply chain and service business; pricing management; and increasing software and solution sales; however, there can be no guarantee that these efforts will be successful or that they will be realized in the time frame we anticipate.

Service gross margin

Service gross margin as a percentage of service net revenues increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, due to lower service delivery costs and a one-time recovery of goods and services tax.

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Operating Expenses

The following table presents operating expenses (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Research and development	$	227.6		$	269.4		$	(41.8	)	(16	)%
Percentage of net revenues	22.7		%	24.9		%
Sales and marketing	228.5			239.4			(10.9		)	(5	)%
Percentage of net revenues	22.8		%	22.1		%
General and administrative	68.2			56.0			12.2			22	%
Percentage of net revenues	6.8		%	5.2		%
Restructuring charges (benefits)	15.3			(1.9		)	17.2			N/M
Percentage of net revenues	1.6		%	(0.2		)%
Total operating expenses	$	539.6		$	562.9		$	(23.3	)	(4	)%
Percentage of net revenues	53.9		%	52.0		%

______________________

N/M - Not meaningful

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, total operating expenses decreased primarily due to lower personnel-related expenses, driven by a decrease in share-based compensation expense, specifically in research and development, or R&D, and lower salaries and wages driven by a decrease in headcount as a result of restructuring actions. The decrease in total operating expenses was partially offset by restructuring charges in connection with a restructuring plan that was initiated in the first quarter of 2019 (the "2019 Restructuring Plan"), which was designed to realign our workforce with our sales strategy, improve productivity, and enhance cost efficiencies, and by costs related to the acquisition of Mist Systems.

Subsequent to March 31, 2019, we amended the 2019 Restructuring Plan to implement certain additional organizational changes resulting in a realignment of our workforce. As a result, we expect to record severance charges of approximately $6.0 million to $7.5 million related to headcount reductions in the second quarter of 2019.

Other Income (Expense), Net

The following table presents other income (expense), net (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change		% Change
Interest income	$	23.5		$	14.9		$	8.6	58	%
Interest expense	(24.2		)	(26.0		)	1.8		(7	)%
Gain (loss) on investments, net	1.6			(0.5		)	2.1		N/M
Other	0.9			(2.5		)	3.4		N/M
Total other income (expense), net	$	1.8		$	(14.1	)	$	15.9	N/M
Percentage of net revenues	0.2		%	(1.3		)%

______________________

N/M - Not meaningful

Total other income (expense), net increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to an increase in interest income related to our fixed income investment portfolio, as a result of higher yields.

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Income Tax Provision



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change		% Change
Income tax provision	$	13.4		$	7.0		$	6.4	91	%
Effective tax rate	30.1		%	16.9		%

The effective tax rate increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to a change in the level of discrete items in the comparative period. For further explanation of our income tax provision, see Note 11, Income Taxes, in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report.

On July 24, 2018, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, or the Court, issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner requiring related parties in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement to share expenses related to share-based compensation. On August 7, 2018, the Court withdrew its opinion to allow time for a reconstituted panel to confer. We will continue to monitor ongoing developments and potential impacts to the financial statements. Had the Ninth Circuit not withdrawn its opinion, our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 would have been higher.

Our effective tax rate may fluctuate significantly on a quarterly basis and may be adversely affected by lower than anticipated earnings in countries that have lower statutory rates or higher than anticipated earnings in countries that have higher statutory rates, by the effect of U.S. income tax on certain foreign earnings and through the imposition of base-erosion prevention measures which may limit the deduction of certain transfer pricing payments. Our effective tax rate may also fluctuate due to changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles, as well as certain discrete items. See the "Risk Factors" section of Item 1A of Part II of this Report for a description of relevant risks which may adversely affect our results.

As a result of recommendations by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD, on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, certain countries in EMEA and APAC have either enacted new corporate tax legislation or are considering enacting such legislation in the near future. We expect the effect of these reform measures to potentially impact long-standing tax principles, particularly in regard to transfer pricing. Consequently, we expect global tax authorities to increasingly challenge our cost sharing and other intercompany arrangements, and the related sourcing of taxable profits in global jurisdictions.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our business primarily through our operating activities and the issuance of our long-term debt. The following table presents our capital resources (in millions, except percentages):



	As of
	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change			% Change
Working capital	$	2,820.5	$	2,739.3	$	81.2		3	%

Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,155.6	$	2,489.0	$	(333.4	)	(13	)%
Short-term investments	1,227.4		1,070.1		157.3			15	%
Long-term investments	119.7		199.0		(79.3		)	(40	)%
Total cash, cash equivalents, and investments	3,502.7		3,758.1		(255.4		)	(7	)%
Short-term portion of long-term debt	—		349.9		(349.9		)	N/M
Long-term debt	1,789.6		1,789.1		0.5			—	%
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments, net of debt	$	1,713.1	$	1,619.1	$	94.0		6	%

________________________________

N/M - percentage is not meaningful.

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Summary of Cash Flows

The following table summarizes cash flow activity from our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in millions, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	159.4		$	271.1		$	(111.7	)	(41	)%
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	(104.1	)	$	1,112.2		$	(1,216.3	)	(109	)%
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(389.6	)	$	(803.6	)	$	414.0		(52	)%

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operations decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower cash collections from customers as a result of lower invoicing, partially offset by a decrease in cash payments to suppliers.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $104.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $1,112.2 million for the same period in 2018. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, net proceeds from sales, maturities and redemptions of investments was $1,175.3 million, primarily from the liquidation of repatriated offshore investments to fund the accelerated share repurchase program ("2018 ASR") discussed below.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease was primarily due to the payment of $750.0 million pursuant to the 2018 ASR during the three months ended March 31, 2018 as described further below, partially offset by the payment of $350.0 million for our Senior Notes that matured during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Capital Return

In January 2018, our Board of Directors, which we refer to as the Board, approved a $2.0 billion share repurchase program, which we refer to as the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program. As part of the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program in February 2018, we entered into the 2018 ASR to repurchase $750.0 million of our common stock. We made an up-front payment of $750.0 million pursuant to the 2018 ASR to repurchase our common stock. The aggregate number of shares ultimately repurchased of 29.3 million shares of common stock was determined based on a volume weighted average repurchase price, less an agreed upon discount, of $25.62 per share.

As of March 31, 2019, there was $1.3 billion of authorized funds remaining under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program.

On April 29, 2019, we entered into a new accelerated share repurchase program (the "2019 ASR") with a financial institution, to repurchase an aggregate of approximately $300.0 million of our outstanding common stock. We made an up-front payment of $300.0 million pursuant to the 2019 ASR and received and retired an initial 8.6 million shares of our common stock for an aggregate price of $240.0 million based on the market value of our common stock on the date of the transaction.

Future share repurchases under the 2018 Stock Repurchase Program will be subject to a review of the circumstances at that time and will be made from time to time in private transactions or open market purchases as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements. Our 2018 Stock Repurchase Program may be discontinued at any time. See Note 8, Equity, in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report for further discussion of our share purchase program.

We declared and paid cash dividends of $0.19 per share, totaling $66.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019. Any future dividends, and the establishment of record and payment dates, are subject to approval by the Board or an authorized committee thereof. See Note 14, Subsequent Event, in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report for discussion of our dividend declaration subsequent to March 31, 2019.

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Revolving Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2019, we had an unsecured revolving credit facility that was due to expire in June 2019 (the “Prior Revolving Credit Facility”), which enabled borrowings of up to $500.0 million, with the option, subject to the lenders' approval, to increase the amount of the credit facility by up to an additional $200.0 million. As of March 31, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants, and there were no amounts outstanding under our Prior Revolving Credit Facility,

In April 2019, we entered into a new credit agreement with certain institutional lenders that provides for a five-year $500.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), with an option to increase the Revolving Credit Facility by up to an additional $200.0 million, subject to the lenders' approval. The Prior Revolving Credit Facility was terminated substantially concurrently with our entering into the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility will terminate in April 2024, subject to two one-year maturity extension options, on the terms and conditions set forth in the Revolving Credit Facility.

Liquidity and Capital Resource Requirements

Liquidity and capital resources may be impacted by our operating activities as well as acquisitions, investments in strategic relationships, repurchases of additional shares of our common stock, and payment of cash dividends on our common stock. Following the enactment of the Tax Act, we repatriated approximately $3.0 billion of our cash, cash equivalents, and investments balance from outside of the U.S. as of March 31, 2019. We expect the new territorial tax system to provide us lower cost access to nearly all of our global free cash flow on an ongoing basis. Free cash flow is calculated as net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. We intend to use the repatriated cash to invest in the business, support value-enhancing merger and acquisitions, or M&A, and fund our return of capital to stockholders. See Note 14, Subsequent Event, in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report for our subsequent events impacting liquidity.

Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term, and long-term investments, together with cash generated from operations and access to capital markets and the revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our operations; planned stock repurchases and dividends; capital expenditures; commitments and other liquidity requirements; and anticipated growth for at least the next twelve months. However, our future liquidity and capital requirements may vary materially from those now planned depending on many factors, including, but not limited to, our growth rate; the timing and amount we spend to support development efforts; the expansion of sales and marketing activities; the introduction of new and enhanced products and services; the costs to acquire or invest in businesses and technologies; an increase in manufacturing or component costs; and the risks and uncertainties detailed in the “Risk Factors” section of Item 1A of Part II of this Report.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our exposures to market risk have not changed materially since December 31, 2018. For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, in our Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Attached as exhibits to this Report are certifications of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, which are required in accordance with Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). This “Controls and Procedures” section includes information concerning the controls and related evaluations referred to in the certifications and it should be read in conjunction with the certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered in this Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

We adopted the new lease accounting standard Topic 842 on January 1, 2019. Except for the implementation of certain Topic 842 adoption controls on a one-time basis and some changes to existing controls over accounting for leases, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the first quarter of 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information set forth under the “Legal Proceedings” section in Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies, in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Factors That May Affect Future Results

Investments in our securities involve significant risks. Even small changes in investor expectations for our future growth and earnings, whether as a result of actual or rumored financial or operating results, changes in the mix of the products and services sold, acquisitions, industry changes, or other factors, could trigger, and have triggered in the past, significant fluctuations in the market price of our common stock. Investors in our securities should carefully consider all of the relevant factors disclosed by us, including, but not limited to, the following factors, that could affect our business, operating results, and stock price.

Our quarterly results are unpredictable and subject to substantial fluctuations; as a result, we may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts and investors, which could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

Our revenues and operating results may vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control and any of which may cause our stock price to fluctuate.

The factors that may cause our quarterly results to vary quarter by quarter and be unpredictable include, but are not limited to:


•	unpredictable ordering patterns and limited or reduced visibility into our customers’ spending plans and associated revenue;


•	changes in customer mix;


•	changes in the demand for our products and services;


•	changes in the mix of products and services sold;


•	changes in the mix of geographies in which our products and services are sold;


•	changing market and economic conditions;


•	current and potential customer, partner and supplier consolidation and concentration;


•	price and product competition;


•	long sales, qualification and implementation cycles;


•	success in new and evolving markets and emerging technologies;


•	how well we execute on our strategy and operating plans and the impact of changes in our business model that could result in significant restructuring charges;


•	ability of our customers, channel partners, contract manufacturers and suppliers to purchase, market, sell, manufacture or supply our products (or components of our products) and services;


•	financial stability of our customers, including the solvency of private sector customers and statutory authority for government customers to purchase goods and services;


•	our ability to achieve targeted cost reductions;


•	changes in tax laws or accounting rules, or interpretations thereof;


•	changes in the amount and frequency of share repurchases or dividends;


•	regional economic and political conditions; and


•	seasonality.

For example, we, and many companies in our industry, experience adverse seasonal fluctuations in customer spending, particularly in the first quarter. In addition, while we may have backlog orders for products that have not shipped, we believe that our backlog may not be a reliable indicator of future operating results for a number of reasons, including project delays, changes in project scope and the fact that our customers may cancel purchase orders or change delivery schedules without significant penalty. Furthermore, market trends, competitive pressures, commoditization of products, rebates and discounting, increased component or logistics costs, issues with product quality, regulatory impacts and other factors may result in reductions in revenue or pressure on gross margins in a given period, which may necessitate adjustments to our operations. Such adjustments may be difficult or impossible to execute in the short or medium term.

As a result of the factors described above, as well as other variables affecting our operating results, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of operating results are not necessarily a good indication of what our future performance will be. In the past,

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our operating results have been below our guidance, our long-term financial model or the expectations of securities analysts or investors, and this may happen in the future, in which case the price of our common stock may decline and has declined in the past. Such a decline could also occur, and has occurred in the past, even when we have met our publicly stated revenues and/or earnings guidance.

We expect our gross margins and operating margins to vary over time.

We expect our product and service gross margins to vary, both in the near-term and in the long-term, and may be adversely affected in the future by numerous factors, some of which have occurred and may occur in the future, including customer, vertical, product and geographic mix shifts, an increase or decrease in our software sales or services we provide, increased price competition in one or more of the markets in which we compete, changes in the actions of our competitors or their pricing strategies, which may be difficult to predict and respond to, modifications to our pricing strategy in order to gain footprint in certain markets or with certain customers, currency fluctuations that impact our costs or the cost of our products and services to our customers, increases in material, labor, logistics, warranty costs, or inventory carrying costs, excess product component or obsolescence charges from our contract manufacturers, issues with manufacturing or component availability, quality or efficiencies, increased costs due to changes in component pricing or charges incurred due to inaccurately forecasting product demand, warranty related issues, or our introduction of new products and enhancements or entry into new markets with different pricing and cost structures. For example, in fiscal year 2018, our margins decreased as compared to fiscal year 2017, primarily due to lower net revenues and product mix. In fiscal year 2017, our margins decreased as compared to fiscal year 2016, primarily due to lower product net revenues and product mix, resulting from the year-over-year decline in routing revenues, our customers' architectural shifts, and higher costs of certain memory components. In fiscal year 2016, our margins decreased compared to fiscal year 2015, primarily due to elevated pricing pressure and product mix. Failure to sustain or improve our gross margins reduces our profitability and may have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.

Further, while we will continue to remain diligent in our long-term financial objective to increase revenue and operating margins and manage our operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. We expect that our margins will vary with our ability to achieve these goals. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to achieve all or any of the goals of these plans or meet our announced expectations, in whole or in part, or that our plans will have the intended effect of improving our margins on the expected timeline, or at all.

A limited number of our customers comprise a material portion of our revenues and any changes in the way they purchase products and services from us could affect our business. In addition, there is an ongoing trend toward consolidation in the industry in which our customers and partners operate. Any decrease in revenues from our customers or partners could have an adverse effect on our net revenues and operating results.

A material portion of our net revenues, across each customer vertical, depends on sales to a limited number of customers and distribution partners. Changes in the business requirements or focus, vendor selection, project prioritization, financial prospects, capital resources, and expenditures, or purchasing behavior (including product mix purchased or delays in deployment) of our key customers could significantly decrease our sales to such customers or could lead to delays or cancellations of planned purchases of our products or services, which increases the risk of quarterly fluctuations in our revenues and operating results. Any of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, in recent years, there has been movement towards consolidation in the telecommunications industry (for example, CenturyLink, Inc.'s acquisition of Level 3 Communications, Inc., Vodafone India’s acquisition of Idea Cellular Ltd. and T-Mobile US, Inc.'s proposed acquisition of Sprint Corp.) and that consolidation trend has continued. Certain telecommunications companies have also moved towards vertical consolidation through acquisitions of media and content companies, such as Verizon’s acquisition of Yahoo, AT&T’s acquisition of Time Warner, and Comcast's acquisition of Sky. If our customers or partners are parties to consolidation transactions they may delay, suspend or indefinitely reduce or cancel their purchases of our products or other direct or indirect unforeseen consequences could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Fluctuating economic conditions make it difficult to predict revenues and gross margin for a particular period and a shortfall in revenues or increase in costs of production may harm our operating results.

Our revenues and gross margin depend significantly on general economic conditions and the demand for products in the markets in which we compete. Economic weakness or uncertainty, customer financial difficulties, and constrained spending on network expansion and enterprise infrastructure have in the past resulted in, and may in the future result in, decreased revenues and earnings. Such factors could make it difficult to accurately forecast revenues and operating results and could negatively affect our ability to provide accurate forecasts to our contract manufacturers and manage our contract manufacturer relationships and other expenses.

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In addition, economic instability or uncertainty, as well as continued turmoil in the geopolitical environment in many parts of the world, have, and may continue to, put pressure on economic conditions, which has led and could lead, to reduced demand for our products, to delays or reductions in network expansions or infrastructure projects, and/or higher costs of production. More generally-speaking, economic weakness may also lead to longer collection cycles for payments due from our customers, an increase in customer bad debt, restructuring initiatives and associated expenses, and impairment of investments. Furthermore, instability in the global markets may adversely impact the ability of our customers to adequately fund their expected expenditures, which could lead to delays or cancellations of planned purchases of our products or services. Our operating expenses are largely based on anticipated revenue trends and a high percentage of our expenses is, and will continue to be, fixed in the short and medium term. Uncertainty about future economic conditions also makes it difficult to forecast operating results and to make decisions about future investments. Future or continued economic weakness, failure of our customers and markets to recover from such weakness, customer financial difficulties, increases in costs of production, and reductions in spending on network maintenance and expansion could result in price concessions in certain markets or have a material adverse effect on demand for our products and consequently on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our success depends upon our ability to effectively plan and manage our resources and restructure our business through rapidly fluctuating economic and market conditions, and such actions may have an adverse effect on our financial and operating results.

Our ability to successfully offer our products and services in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning, forecasting, and management process to enable us to effectively scale and adjust our business and business models in response to fluctuating market opportunities and conditions.

From time to time, we have increased investment in our business by, for example, increasing headcount, acquiring companies, and increasing our investment in R&D, sales and marketing, and other parts of our business. Conversely, in 2017, 2018, and 2019, we initiated restructuring plans to realign our workforce as a result of organizational and leadership changes, align our execution priorities, increase operational efficiencies, and to consolidate facilities which resulted in restructuring charges in each of these years. Some of our expenses related to such efforts are fixed costs that cannot be rapidly or easily adjusted in response to fluctuations in our business or numbers of employees. Rapid changes in the size, alignment or organization of our workforce, including sales account coverage, could adversely affect our ability to develop and deliver products and services as planned or impair our ability to realize our current or future business and financial objectives. Our ability to achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from our restructuring initiatives within the expected time frame is subject to many estimates and assumptions, which are subject to significant economic, competitive and other uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. If these estimates and assumptions are incorrect, if we are unsuccessful at implementing changes, or if other unforeseen events occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We face intense competition that could reduce our revenues and adversely affect our business and financial results.

Competition is intense in the markets that we serve. The routing and switching markets have historically been dominated by Cisco, with competition coming from other companies such as Nokia Corporation, Arista, HPE, and Huawei. In the security market, we face intense competition from Cisco and Palo Alto Networks, as well as companies such as Check Point, and Fortinet. Further, a number of other small public and private companies have products or have announced plans for new products to address the same challenges and markets that our products address.

In addition, actual or speculated consolidation among competitors, or the acquisition by, or of, our partners and/or resellers by competitors can increase the competitive pressures faced by us as customers may delay spending decisions or not purchase our products at all. A number of our competitors have substantially greater resources and can offer a wider range of products and services for the overall network equipment market than we do. In addition, some of our competitors have become more integrated, including through consolidation and vertical integration, and offer a broader range of products and services, which could make their solutions more attractive to our customers. Many of our competitors sell networking products as bundled solutions with other IT products, such as compute and storage systems. If we are unable to compete successfully against existing and future competitors on the basis of product offerings or price, we could experience a loss in market share and revenues and/or be required to reduce prices, which could reduce our gross margins, and which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Our partners and resellers generally sell or resell competing products on a non-exclusive basis and consolidation could delay spending or require us to increase discounts to compete, which could also adversely affect our business.

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The long sales and implementation cycles for our products, as well as our expectation that some customers will sporadically place large orders with short lead times, may cause our revenues and operating results to vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter.

A customer's decision to purchase certain of our products, particularly new products, involves a significant commitment of its resources and a lengthy evaluation and product qualification process. As a result, the sales cycle may be lengthy. In particular, customers making critical decisions regarding the design and implementation of large network deployments may engage in very lengthy procurement processes that may delay or impact expected future orders. Throughout the sales cycle, we may spend considerable time educating and providing information to prospective customers regarding the use and benefits of our products. Even after making the decision to purchase, customers may deploy our products slowly and deliberately. Timing of deployment can vary widely and depends on the skill set of the customer, the size of the network deployment, the complexity of the customer's network environment, and the degree of hardware and operating system configuration necessary to deploy the products. Customers with large networks usually expand their networks in large increments on a periodic basis. Accordingly, we may receive purchase orders for significant dollar amounts on an irregular basis. These long cycles, as well as our expectation that customers will tend to sporadically place large orders with short lead times, both of which may be exacerbated by the impact of global economic weakness, may cause revenues and operating results to vary significantly and unexpectedly from quarter-to-quarter.

The timing of product orders and/or our reliance on revenue from sales of certain software or subscriptions and professional, support and maintenance services may cause us to recognize revenue in a different period than the one in which a transaction takes place.

Due to the cost, complexity and custom nature of configurations required by our customers, we generally build our network equipment products as orders are received. The volume of orders received late in any given fiscal quarter remains unpredictable. If orders for certain products are received late in any quarter, we may not be able to recognize revenue for these orders in the same period, which could adversely affect our ability to meet our expected revenues for such quarter.

In addition, services revenue accounts for a significant portion of our revenue, comprising 33%, 31%, and 29% of total revenue in fiscal year 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Sales of new or renewal professional services, support and maintenance contracts may decline and/or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including end-customers’ level of satisfaction with our products and services, the prices of our products and services or those offered by our competitors, and reductions in our end-customers’ spending levels. We recognize professional services, support and maintenance revenue periodically over the term of the relevant service period.

The introduction of new software products and services is part of our intended strategy to expand our software business, and certain software revenues may be recognized periodically over the term of the relevant use period or subscription period. As a result, certain software, subscription and support and maintenance revenue we report each fiscal quarter is the recognition of deferred revenue from contracts entered into during previous fiscal quarters. Consequently, a decline in such new or renewed contracts in any one fiscal quarter will not be fully or immediately reflected in revenue in that fiscal quarter but will negatively affect our revenue in future fiscal quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant downturns in new or renewed sales of certain software products, subscriptions or support and maintenance is not reflected in full in our operating results until future periods. Also, it is difficult for us to rapidly increase such software or services revenue through additional sales in any period, as revenue from those software, subscription and support and maintenance contracts must be recognized over the applicable period.

Additionally, we determine our operating expenses largely on the basis of anticipated revenues and technology roadmap and a high percentage of our expenses are fixed in the short and medium term. As a result, a failure or delay in generating or recognizing revenue could cause significant variations in our operating results and operating margin from quarter-to-quarter.

We sell our products to customers that use those products to build networks and IP infrastructure, and if the demand for network and IP systems does not continue to grow, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

A substantial portion of our business and revenues depends on the growth of secure IP infrastructure and customers that depend on the continued growth of IP services to deploy our products in their networks and IP infrastructures. As a result of changes in the economy, capital spending or the building of network capacity in excess of demand (all of which, have in the past, particularly affected telecommunications service providers), spending on IP infrastructure can vary, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, a number of our existing customers are evaluating the build-out of their next generation networks. During the decision-making period when our customers are determining the design of those networks and the selection of the software and equipment they will use in those networks, such customers may greatly

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reduce or suspend their spending on secure IP infrastructure. For example, in recent years, our switching and routing results were adversely affected by spending delays from our largest Cloud customers, who we believe are in the process of implementing a networking architectural shift. The duration of the delay is difficult to predict, in part because each Cloud customer will migrate their network architecture based on their own constraints. Such delays in purchases can make it more difficult to predict revenues from customers, can cause fluctuations in the level of spending by customers and, even where our products are ultimately selected, can have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we do not successfully anticipate technological shifts, market needs and opportunities, and develop products, product enhancements and business strategies that meet those technological shifts, needs and opportunities, or if those products are not made available or strategies are not executed in a timely manner or do not gain market acceptance, we may not be able to compete effectively and our ability to generate revenues will suffer.

The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements, continuous pricing pressures and a constantly evolving industry. We may not be able to anticipate future technological shifts, market needs and opportunities or be able to develop new products, product enhancements or business strategies to meet such technological shifts, needs or opportunities in a timely manner or at all. For example, the move from traditional wide area network, or WAN, infrastructures towards software-defined WAN, or SD-WAN, has been receiving considerable attention. In our view, it will take several years to see the full impact of SD-WAN, and we believe the successful products and solutions in this market will combine hardware and software elements. If we fail to anticipate market requirements or opportunities or fail to develop and introduce new products, product enhancements or business strategies to meet those requirements or opportunities in a timely manner, it could cause us to lose customers, and such failure could substantially decrease or delay market acceptance and sales of our present and future products and services, which would significantly harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, if we invest time, energy and resources in developing products for a market that doesn't develop, it could likewise significantly harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Even if we are able to anticipate, develop, and commercially introduce new products, enhancements or business strategies, there can be no assurance that new products, enhancements or business strategies will achieve widespread market acceptance.

In recent years, we have announced a number of new products and enhancements to our hardware and software products across routing, switching and security. The success of our new products depends on several factors, including, but not limited to, component costs, timely completion and introduction of these products, prompt resolution of any defects or bugs in these products, our ability to support these products, differentiation of new products from those of our competitors and market acceptance of these products.

The introduction of new software products is part of our intended strategy to expand our software business. We have also begun to disaggregate certain software from certain hardware products, such that customers would be able to purchase or license our hardware and software products independently, which we expect could in time enable our hardware to be deployed with third- party networking applications and services and our software to be used with third-party hardware. The success of our strategy to expand our software business, including our strategy to disaggregate software from certain hardware products, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including:


•	the additional development efforts and costs required to create new software products and/or to make our disaggregated products compatible with multiple technologies;


•	the possibility that our new software products or disaggregated products may not achieve widespread customer adoption;


•	the possibility that our strategy could erode our revenue and gross margins;


•	the impact on our financial results of longer periods of revenue recognition for certain types of software products

and changes in tax treatment associated with software sales;


•	the additional costs associated with regulatory compliance and changes we need to make to our distribution chain in connection with increased software sales;


•	the ability of our disaggregated hardware and software products to operate independently and/or to integrate with current and future third-party products; and


•	issues with third-party technologies used with our disaggregated products may be attributed to us.

If any of our new products or business strategies do not gain market acceptance or meet our expectations for growth, our ability

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to meet future financial targets may be adversely affected and our competitive position and our business and financial results could be harmed.

We are dependent on contract manufacturers with whom we do not have long-term supply contracts, and changes to or disruptions in those relationships or manufacturing processes, expected or unexpected, may result in delays that could cause us to lose revenues and damage our customer relationships.

We depend on independent contract manufacturers (each of which is a third-party manufacturer for numerous companies) to manufacture our products. Although we have contracts with our contract manufacturers, these contracts do not require them to manufacture our products on a long-term basis in any specific quantity or at any specific price. In addition, it is time-consuming and costly to qualify and implement additional contract manufacturer relationships. Therefore, if we fail to effectively manage our contract manufacturer relationships, which could include failing to provide accurate forecasts of our requirements, or if one or more of them experiences delays, disruptions, or quality control problems in their manufacturing operations, or if we had to change or add additional contract manufacturers or contract manufacturing sites, our ability to ship products to our customers could be delayed. We have experienced in the past and may experience in the future an increase in the expected time required to manufacture our products or ship products. Such delays could result in supply shortfalls that damage our ability to meet customer demand for those products and could cause our customers to purchase alternative products from our competitors. Also, the addition of manufacturing locations or contract manufacturers or the introduction of new products by us would increase the complexity of our supply chain management. Moreover, a significant portion of our manufacturing is performed in China and other foreign countries and is therefore subject to risks associated with doing business outside of the United States, including import tariffs or regional conflicts. For example, the United States recently imposed a tariff on networking products imported from China; this includes certain products that we import into and sell within the United States. If we cannot mitigate the impact of the tariffs, the increased cost could translate into higher prices for our customers, reduced customer demand or increased cost of goods sold. In addition, increased costs of production or delays in production caused by any relocation of contract manufacturing facilities could impact the global competitiveness of our products. Each of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are dependent on sole source and limited source suppliers, including for key components, which makes us susceptible to shortages, quality issues or price fluctuations in our supply chain, and we may face increased challenges in supply chain management in the future.

We rely on single or limited sources for many of our components. During periods of high demand for electronic products, component shortages are possible, and the predictability of the availability of such components may be limited. For example, we have recently experienced industry-wide supply constraints related to power management components. In addition, some components used in our networking solutions have in the past and may in the future experience extended lead times and higher pricing, given the demand in the market. Any future spike in growth in our business, the use of certain components we share in common with other companies, in IT spending or the economy in general, is likely to create greater short-term pressures on us and our suppliers to accurately forecast overall component demand and to establish optimal component inventories. If shortages or delays persist, we may not be able to secure enough components at reasonable prices or of acceptable quality to build and deliver products in a timely manner, and our revenues, gross margins and customer relationships could suffer. Additionally, if certain components that we receive from our suppliers have defects or other quality issues, we may have to replace or repair such components, and we could be subject to claims based on warranty, product liability, epidemic or delivery failures that could lead to significant expenses. We maintain product liability insurance, but there is no guarantee that such insurance will be available or adequate to protect against all such claims. We have experienced, and from time-to-time may experience, component shortages or quality issues that resulted, or could result, in delays of product shipments, revenue charges that impact our gross margins, and/or warranty or other claims or costs. We also currently purchase numerous key components, including ASICs and other semiconductor chips, from single or limited sources and many of our component suppliers are concentrated in China and Korea. In addition, there has been consolidation among certain suppliers of our components. For example, GLOBALFOUNDRIES acquired IBM’s semiconductor manufacturing business, Avago Technologies Limited acquired Broadcom Corporation and Intel Corporation acquired Altera Corporation. Consolidation among suppliers can result in the reduction of the number of independent suppliers of components available to us, which could negatively impact our ability to access certain component parts or the prices we have to pay for such parts. In addition, our suppliers may determine not to continue a business relationship with us for other reasons that may be beyond our control. Any disruptions to our supply chain could decrease our sales, earnings and liquidity or otherwise adversely affect our business and result in increased costs. Such a disruption could occur as a result of any number of events, including, but not limited to, increases in wages that drive up prices, the imposition of regulations, quotas or embargoes on components, labor stoppages, transportation failures affecting the supply chain and shipment of materials and finished goods, third-party interference in the integrity of the products sourced through the supply chain, the unavailability of raw materials, severe weather conditions, natural disasters, civil unrest, military conflicts, geopolitical developments, war or terrorism and disruptions in utility and other services.

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The development of alternate sources for components is time-consuming, difficult, and costly. In addition, the lead times associated with certain components are lengthy and preclude rapid changes in quantities and delivery schedules. Also, long-term supply and maintenance obligations to customers increase the duration for which specific components are required, which may further increase the risk of component shortages or the cost of carrying inventory. In the event of a component shortage or supply interruption from these suppliers, we may not be able to develop alternate or second sources in a timely manner. If we are unable to buy these components in quantities sufficient to meet our requirements on a timely basis, we will not be able to deliver products and services to our customers, which would seriously affect present and future sales, which would, in turn, adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, the development, licensing, or acquisition of new products in the future may increase the complexity of supply chain management. Failure to effectively manage the supply of components and products would adversely affect our business.

If we fail to accurately predict our manufacturing requirements, we could incur additional costs or experience manufacturing delays, which would harm our business.

We provide demand forecasts for our products to our contract manufacturers and original design manufacturers, who order components and plan capacity based on these forecasts. If we overestimate our requirements, our original design or contract manufacturers may assess charges, or we may have liabilities for excess inventory, each of which could negatively affect our gross margins. For example, in certain prior quarters, our gross margins were reduced as a result of an inventory charge resulting from inventory we held in excess of forecasted demand. In addition, some optical modules we use are experiencing faster product transitions than our other products, which increases the risk that we could have excess inventory of those modules. Conversely, lead times for required materials and components vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms, and the demand for each component at a given time. Given that our contract manufacturers are third-party manufacturers for numerous other companies, if we underestimate our requirements, as we have in certain prior quarters with respect to certain products, our contract manufacturers may have inadequate time, materials, and/or components required to produce our products. This could increase costs or delay or interrupt manufacturing of our products, resulting in delays in shipments and deferral or loss of revenues and could negatively impact customer satisfaction.

System security risks, data protection breaches, and cyber-attacks could compromise our and our customers’ proprietary information, disrupt our internal operations and harm public perception of our products, which could cause our business and reputation to suffer and adversely affect our stock price.

In the ordinary course of business, we store sensitive data, including intellectual property, personal data, our proprietary business information and that of our customers, suppliers and business partners on our networks. In addition, we store sensitive data through cloud-based services that may be hosted by third parties and in data center infrastructure maintained by third parties. The secure maintenance of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. The growing cyber risk environment means that individuals, companies, and organizations of all sizes, including Juniper, have been and are increasingly subject to the threat of intrusions on their networks and systems by a wide range of actors, including but not limited to nation states, criminal enterprises, and terrorist organizations, on an ongoing and regular basis. Despite our security measures, and those of our third-party vendors, our information technology and infrastructure has experienced breaches and may be vulnerable in the future to breach or attacks by computer programmers, hackers or sophisticated nation-state and nation-state supported actors or breached due to employee error or wrongful conduct, malfeasance, or other disruptions. If any breach or attack compromises our networks, creates system disruptions or slowdowns or exploits security vulnerabilities of our products, the information stored on our networks or those of our customers could be accessed and modified, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen, and we may be subject to liability to our customers, suppliers, business partners and others, and suffer reputational and financial harm. In addition, hardware, components and operating system software and applications that we produce or procure from third parties may contain defects in design or manufacture, including "bugs", vulnerabilities and other problems that could unexpectedly interfere with the operation of our networks or expose us or our products to cyber attacks. This can be true even for “legacy” products that have been determined to have reached an end of life engineering status but will continue to operate for a limited amount of time. Furthermore, third parties may attempt to exfiltrate data through the introduction into the Information and Communications Technology supply chain of malicious products and components that are designed to defeat or circumvent encryption and other cybersecurity measures, and if successful, such actions could diminish customer trust in our products, harm our business reputation, and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

When vulnerabilities are discovered, we evaluate the risk, apply patches or take other remediation actions as required and notify customers and suppliers when appropriate. All of this requires significant time and attention from management and our employees.

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As a result of any actual or perceived breach of network security that occurs in our network or in the network of a customer of our products, regardless of whether the breach is attributable to our products, the market perception of the effectiveness of our products and our overall reputation could be harmed. As a large, well known provider of networking products, cyber attackers may specifically target our products or attempt to imitate us or our products in order to compromise a network. Because the techniques used by attackers, many of whom are highly sophisticated and well-funded, to access or sabotage networks change frequently and generally are not recognized until after they are used, we may be unable to anticipate or immediately detect these techniques or the vulnerabilities they have caused. This could impede our sales, manufacturing, distribution or other critical functions, which could have an adverse impact on our financial results. The economic costs to us to eliminate or alleviate cyber or other security problems, bugs, viruses, worms, malicious software systems and security vulnerabilities could be significant and may be difficult to anticipate or measure, because the damage may differ based on the identity and motive of the attacker, which are often difficult to pinpoint. Additionally, we could be subject to regulatory investigations, potential fines and litigation in connection with a security breach or related issue and be liable to third parties for these types of breaches.

We rely on value-added and other resellers, as well as distribution partners, to sell our products, and disruptions to, or our failure to effectively develop and manage, our distribution channel and the processes and procedures that support it could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues from the sale of our products.

Our future success is highly dependent upon establishing and maintaining successful relationships with a variety of value-added and other reseller and distribution partners, including our worldwide strategic partners such as Ericsson, IBM, Dimension Data and NEC Corporation. The majority of our revenues are derived through value-added resellers and distributors, most of which also sell our competitors’ products, and some of which sell their own competing products. Our revenues depend in part on the performance of these partners. The loss of or reduction in sales to our resellers or distributors could materially reduce our revenues. Our competitors may in some cases be effective in leveraging their market share positions or in providing incentives to current or potential resellers and distributors to favor their products or to prevent or reduce sales of our products. If we fail to develop and maintain relationships with our partners, fail to develop new relationships with value-added resellers and distributors in new markets, fail to expand the number of distributors and resellers in existing markets, fail to manage, train or motivate existing value-added resellers and distributors effectively, determine that we cannot continue to do business with these partners for any reason or if these partners are not successful in their sales efforts, sales of our products may decrease, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations would suffer.

In addition, we recognize a portion of our revenues at the time we sell products to our distributors. If these sales are made based on inaccurate or untimely information, the amount or timing of our revenues could be adversely impacted. Further, our distributors may increase orders during periods of product shortages, cancel orders if their inventory is too high, or delay orders in anticipation of new products. They also may adjust their orders in response to the supply of our products and the products of our competitors that are available to them, and in response to seasonal fluctuations in end-user demand.

We are also vulnerable to third parties who illegally distribute or sell counterfeit, stolen or unfit versions of our products, which has happened in the past and could happen in the future. Such sales could have a negative impact on our reputation and business.

Further, in order to develop and expand our distribution channel, we must continue to offer attractive channel programs to potential partners and scale and improve our processes and procedures that support the channel. As a result, our programs, processes and procedures may become increasingly complex and inherently difficult to manage. We have previously entered into OEM agreements with partners pursuant to which they rebrand and resell our products as part of their product portfolios. These types of relationships are complex and require additional processes and procedures that may be challenging and costly to implement, maintain and manage. Our failure to successfully manage and develop our distribution channel and the programs, processes and procedures that support it could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues from the sale of our products. We also depend on our global channel partners to comply with applicable legal and regulatory requirements. To the extent that they fail to do so, that could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our ability to process orders and ship products in a timely manner is dependent in part on our business systems and performance of the systems and processes of third parties as well as the interfaces between our systems and the systems of such third parties. Dependence on outsourced information technology and other administrative functions may impair our ability to operate effectively.

Some of our business processes depend upon our IT systems, the systems and processes of third parties, and the interfaces between the two. For example, on December 31, 2018, we entered into a Master Services Agreement and certain Statements of Work with IBM pursuant to which we will outsource significant portions of our IT and other administrative functions following a transition

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period. These cloud providers, third party providers, and off-site facilities are vulnerable to damage, interruption or performance problems from earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunications failures, equipment failure, adverse events caused by operator error, cybersecurity attacks and similar events. In addition, because we lease off-site data center facilities, we cannot be assured that we will be able to expand our data center infrastructure to meet user demand in a timely manner, or on favorable economic terms. If we have issues receiving and processing data, this may delay our ability to provide products and services to our customers and damage our business. We also rely upon the performance of the systems and processes of our contract manufacturers to build and ship our products. If those systems and processes experience interruption or delay, our ability to build and ship our products in a timely manner may be harmed. Since IT is critical to our operations, any failure to perform on the part of our IT providers could impair our ability to operate effectively. In addition to the risks outlined above, problems with any of the third parties we rely on for our IT systems could result in lower revenue and unexecuted efficiencies, and impact our results of operations and our stock price.

Integration of acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition and stock price and may dilute the ownership of our stockholders.

We have made, and may continue to make, acquisitions in order to enhance our business. For example, we acquired Mist Systems in 2019, HTBase in 2018 and Cyphort in 2017. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including, but not limited to, problems combining the purchased operations, technologies or products, unanticipated costs, liabilities, litigation, and diversion of management's attention from our core businesses, adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers, risks associated with entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience, and where competitors in such markets have stronger market positions, initial dependence on unfamiliar supply chains or relatively small supply partners, and the potential loss of key employees, customers, distributors, vendors and other business partners of the companies we acquire. There can be no assurance that we will be able to integrate successfully any businesses, products, technologies, or personnel that we might acquire. The integration of businesses that we may acquire is likely to be a complex, time-consuming, and expensive process and we may not realize the anticipated revenues or other benefits associated with our acquisitions. If we fail to successfully manage, operate or integrate any acquired business or if we are unable to efficiently operate as a combined organization utilizing common information and communication systems, operating procedures, financial controls, and human resources practices, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected.

In connection with certain acquisitions, we may agree to issue common stock , or assume equity awards, that dilute the ownership of our current stockholders, use a substantial portion of our cash resources, assume liabilities (both known and unknown), record goodwill and amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing on a regular basis and potential periodic impairment charges, incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets, and incur large and immediate write-offs and restructuring and other related expenses, all of which could harm our financial condition and results of operations.

We are a party to lawsuits, investigations, proceedings, and other disputes, which are costly to defend and, if determined adversely to us, could require us to pay fines or damages, undertake remedial measures or prevent us from taking certain actions, any or all of which could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

We, and certain of our current and former officers and current and former members of our Board of Directors, have been or are subject to various lawsuits. We have been served with lawsuits related to employment matters, commercial transactions and patent infringement, as well as securities laws. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, is conducting, and the U.S. Department of Justice, or the DOJ, was previously conducting investigations into possible violations by the Company of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, in a number of countries. The Company's Audit Committee, with the assistance of independent advisors, conducted a thorough internal review of possible violations of the FCPA, and the Company made improvements in its internal controls and carried out a number of disciplinary actions. The Company is continuing to fully cooperate with the SEC’s ongoing investigation, and based on the recent communications with the Staff of the SEC, the Company believes it is likely that the Staff of the SEC will seek to bring an enforcement action against the Company. The Company believes it is probable that it could incur a loss and has established an estimated legal reserve of $12.0 million related to the ongoing SEC investigation. Litigation and investigations are inherently uncertain. We therefore cannot predict the duration, scope, outcome or consequences of litigation and government investigations. In connection with any government investigations, including those in which we are currently involved as described above, if the government takes action against us or we agree to settle the matter, we may be required to pay substantial fines and incur other sanctions, which may be material, and suffer reputational harm. The lawsuits and investigations are expensive and time-consuming to defend, settle, and/or resolve, and may require us to implement certain remedial measures that could prove costly or disruptive to our business and operations. The unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

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We are a party to litigation and claims regarding intellectual property rights, resolution of which may be time-consuming and expensive, as well as require a significant amount of resources to prosecute, defend, or make our products non-infringing.

Our industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. We expect that infringement claims may increase as the number of products and competitors in our market increases and overlaps occur. Third parties have asserted and may in the future assert claims or initiate litigation related to patent, copyright, trademark, and other intellectual property rights to technologies and related standards that are relevant to our products. The asserted claims and/or initiated litigation may include claims against us or our manufacturers, suppliers, partners, or customers, alleging that our products or services infringe proprietary rights. In addition, increased patent litigation brought by non-practicing entities in recent years may result, and in some cases has resulted, in our customers requesting or requiring us to absorb a portion of the costs of such litigation or providing broader indemnification for litigation, each of which could increase our expenses and negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Regardless of the merit of these claims, they have been and can be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, and may require us to develop non-infringing technologies, enter into license agreements, or cease engaging in certain activities or offering certain products or services. Furthermore, because of the potential for high awards of damages or injunctive relief that are not necessarily predictable, even arguably unmeritorious claims may be settled for significant amounts of money. If any infringement or other intellectual property claim made against us or anyone we are required to indemnify by any third-party is successful, if we are required to settle litigation for significant amounts of money, if we fail to develop non-infringing technology, if we incorporate infringing technology in our products or if we license required proprietary rights at material expense, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

As we seek to sell more products to telecommunications, cable and cloud service provider companies and other large customers, we may be required to agree to terms and conditions that could have an adverse effect on our business or impact the amount of revenues to be recognized.

Telecommunications, cable and cloud service provider companies, which comprise a significant portion of our customer base, and other large companies, generally have greater purchasing power than smaller entities and, accordingly, often request and receive more favorable terms from suppliers. For example, our customers France Telecom-Orange and Deutsche Telekom AG have formed a company for the purpose of purchasing products from, and negotiating more favorable contractual terms with, suppliers. As we seek to sell more products to this class of customer, we may be required to agree to such terms and conditions, which may include terms that affect the timing of our ability to recognize revenue, increase our costs and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Consolidation among such large customers can further increase their buying power and ability to require onerous terms.

In addition, service providers have purchased products from other vendors who promised but failed to deliver certain functionality and/or had products that caused problems or outages in the networks of these customers. As a result, these customers may request additional features from us and require substantial penalties for failure to deliver such features or may require substantial penalties for any network outages that may be caused by our products. These additional requests and penalties, if we are required to agree to them, may impact the amount of revenue recognition from such sales, which may negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, increased patent litigation brought against customers by non-practicing entities in recent years, may result, and in some cases has resulted, in customers requesting or requiring vendors to absorb a portion of the costs of such litigation or providing broader indemnification for litigation, each of which could increase our expenses and negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Regulation of our industry in general and the telecommunications industry in particular could harm our operating results and future prospects.

We are subject to laws and regulations affecting the sale of our products in a number of areas. For example, some governments have regulations prohibiting government entities from purchasing security products that do not meet country-specific safety, conformance or security certification criteria or in-country test requirements. Other regulations that may negatively impact our business include local content or local manufacturing requirements most commonly applicable for government, state-owned enterprise or regulated industry procurements. These types of regulations are in effect or under consideration in several jurisdictions where we do business.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act includes disclosure requirements applicable to public companies regarding the use of “conflict minerals” mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries, which we refer to collectively as the DRC, and procedures regarding a manufacturer's efforts to prevent the sourcing of such “conflict minerals.” These minerals are present in our products. In addition, the European Union reached agreement in late 2016 on an EU-wide conflict

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minerals rule under which most EU importers of tin, tungsten, tantalum, gold and their ores will have to conduct due diligence to ensure the minerals do not originate from conflict zones and do not fund armed conflicts. Large manufacturers also will have to disclose how they plan to monitor their sources to comply with the rules. The regulation was adopted in 2017 with compliance required by 2021.

In addition, environmental laws and regulations relevant to electronic equipment manufacturing or operations, including laws and regulations governing the hazardous material content of our products and laws relating to the collection of and recycling of electrical and electronic equipment, may adversely impact our business and financial condition. These laws and regulations include, among others, the European Union, or EU, Restriction on the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances Directive, or RoHS. The EU RoHS and the similar laws of other jurisdictions limit the content of certain hazardous materials, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium, in electronic equipment, including our products. Currently, our products comply with the EU RoHS requirements. However, certain exemptions are scheduled to lapse. The lapse of any exemption, further changes to this or other laws, or passage of similar laws in the EU or other jurisdictions, would require us to cease selling non-compliant products and to reengineer our products to use components compatible with these regulations. This reengineering and component substitution could result in additional costs to us, disrupt our operations or logistics, and result in an adverse impact on our operating results. In addition, in validating the compliance of our products with applicable hazardous materials restrictions, we rely substantially on affirmations by our component suppliers as to the compliance of their products with respect to those same restrictions. Failure by our component suppliers to furnish accurate and timely information could subject us to penalties or liability for violation of such hazardous materials restrictions, interrupt our supply of products to the EU, and result in our customers refusing or being unable to purchase our products. Additionally, the EU and a number of other jurisdictions have adopted regulations requiring producers of electrical and electronic equipment to assume certain responsibilities for collecting, treating, recycling and disposing of products when they have reached the end of their useful life. Finally, the EU REACH regulations regulate the handling of certain chemical substances that may be used in our products.

In addition, as a contractor and subcontractor to U.S. government departments and agencies, we are subject to federal regulations pertaining to our IT systems. For instance, as a subcontractor to the U.S. Department of Defense, or DOD, the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement, or DFARS, required that our IT systems comply with the security and privacy controls described in National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 800-171, or NIST SP 800-171. The DFARS also requires that we flow the security control requirement down to certain of our own subcontractors. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in a loss of federal government business, subject us to claims or other remedies for non-compliance and negatively impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The telecommunications industry is highly regulated, and our business and financial condition could be adversely affected by changes in regulations relating to the Internet telecommunications industry. Similarly, while there are currently few laws or regulations that apply directly to access to or commerce on IP networks, future regulations could include sales taxes on products sold via the Internet and Internet service provider access charges. We could be adversely affected by regulation of IP networks and commerce in any country where we market equipment and services to service providers or cloud provider companies. Regulations governing the range of services and business models that can be offered by service providers or cloud provider companies could adversely affect those customers' needs for products. For instance, in December 2017, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission repealed its 2015 regulations governing aspects of fixed broadband networks and wireless networks. This change in regulatory treatment of networks might impact service provider and cloud provider business models and their need for Internet telecommunications equipment and services. At the same time, several states have enacted their own laws and regulations governing certain aspects of fixed and wireless networks in the manner of the 2015 FCC regulations. These laws and regulations enacted by the states are or will be subject to legal challenges from the federal government and/or regulated providers. Also, many jurisdictions are evaluating or implementing regulations relating to cyber security, supply chain integrity, privacy and data protection, any of which can affect the market and requirements for networking and security equipment.

The adoption and implementation of additional regulations could reduce demand for our products, increase the cost of building and selling our products, result in product inventory write-offs, impact our ability to ship products into affected areas and recognize revenue in a timely manner, require us to spend significant time and expense to comply, and subject us to fines and civil or criminal sanctions or claims if we were to violate or become liable under such regulations. Any of these impacts could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Governmental regulations and economic sanctions affecting the import or export of products generally or affecting products containing encryption capabilities, in particular, could negatively affect our revenues and operating results.

The United States and various foreign governments have imposed controls and restrictions on the export of, among other things, products that contain or use encryption technology. Most of our products contain or use encryption technology and, consequently,

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are subject to such controls, requirements and restrictions. Certain governments, like those of Russia and China, control importation and in-country use of encryption items and technology. The scope, nature and severity of such controls vary widely across different countries and may change frequently over time.

Increasingly, governments have begun using export and import controls not only to further national security objectives but also to protect local industries and restrict proliferation of locally developed “emerging or foundational technology." For example, in 2018 the U.S. enacted the Export Control Reform Act, which expands the power of the Commerce Department to use export controls to protect domestic industry and to restrict the export of emerging and foundational technologies not currently subject to controls. In furtherance of that law, on November 19, 2018, the United States Department of Commerce sought public comment on how to define emerging technologies. Our ability to market and sell our products overseas may be impacted by such export controls.

In addition, the U.S. and other governments have especially broad sanctions and embargoes prohibiting provision of goods or services to certain countries, and territories, and to certain sanctioned governments, legal entities and individuals. Some of these restrictions have been imposed not just to protect national security but also to protect domestic industries and to achieve political aims. For instance, the U.S. Department of Commerce in 2018 added to its Entity List a Chinese semiconductor manufacturer on the express basis that it threatens the viability of U.S. competitors; the Entity List traditionally is used to restrict exports to end users that pose a security risk. Particularly far reaching and complex are restrictions imposed by the U.S. and EU on exports to Russia and, in particular, to the disputed region of Crimea. We have implemented systems to detect and prevent sales into these restricted countries or to prohibited entities or individuals, but there can be no assurance that our third party, downstream resellers and distributors will abide by these restrictions or have processes in place to ensure compliance, especially where local government regulation might prohibit adherence to such restrictions.

Certain governments also impose special local content, certification, testing, source code review, escrow and governmental recovery of private encryption keys, or other cybersecurity feature requirements to protect network equipment and software procured by or for the government. Similar requirements also may be imposed in procurements by state owned entities (“SOE’s”) or even private companies forming part of “critical network infrastructure” or supporting sensitive industries. For example, China, Vietnam and India have promulgated cybersecurity regulations affecting networking products that may impair our ability to profitably market and sell our products there. China, in particular, is expected to require implementation of non-standard Chinese encryption algorithms in products sold into certain government, SOE, critical infrastructure and sensitive industry (such as financial institutions) markets. In the U.S., there are new restrictions on the use of certain Chinese-origin components or systems either (1) in items sold to the U.S. government or (2) in the internal networks of government contractors and subcontractors (even if those networks are not used for government-related projects). The U.S. government also might restrict or ban the use of certain Chinese-origin components and systems in next generation mobile communications networks (e.g. 5G).

In addition, governments sometimes impose additional taxes on certain imported products. For example, the United States and Chinese governments each have imposed tariffs on certain products originating from the other country. In 2018, the United States imposed tariffs on a large variety of products of China origin. As a result, beginning September 24, 2018, a large portion of Juniper products manufactured in China became subject to a 10% tariff on importation into the U.S. While the United States government postponed a planned rate increase to 25% while bilateral trade negotiations were on-going, the President announced on May 5, 2019, that the 25% rate would go into effect on May 10, 2019 due to the lack of negotiation progress. On May 5, 2019 the U.S. President also reiterated his readiness to further expand the scope of the tariffs on Chinese goods if negotiations are not successful; such action could subject an even wider range of Juniper products to tariff on importation into the U.S. Depending upon its duration and implementation, as well as our ability to mitigate their impact, these tariffs could materially affect our business, including in the form of increased cost of goods sold, increased pricing for customers, and reduced sales.

Governmental regulation of encryption or IP networking technology and regulation of imports or exports, or our failure to obtain required import or export approval for our products, or related economic sanctions could harm our international and domestic sales and adversely affect our revenues and operating results. In addition, failure to comply with such regulations could result in harm to our reputation and ability to compete in international markets, penalties, costs, seizure of assets (including source code) and restrictions on import or export privileges or adversely affect sales to government agencies or government-funded projects.

Our actual or perceived failure to adequately protect personal data could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A wide variety of provincial, state, national, foreign, and international laws and regulations apply to the collection, use, retention, protection, disclosure, transfer, and other processing of personal data. These privacy- and data protection-related laws and regulations are evolving, with new or modified laws and regulations proposed and implemented frequently and existing laws and

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regulations subject to new or different interpretations. Further, our legal and regulatory obligations in foreign jurisdictions are subject to unexpected changes, including the potential for regulatory or other governmental entities to enact new or additional laws or regulations, to issues rulings that invalidate prior laws or regulations, or to increase penalties significantly. Compliance with these laws and regulations can be costly and can delay or impede the development and offering of new products and services.

For example, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which became effective in May 2018, imposes more stringent data protection requirements, and provides for significantly greater penalties for noncompliance, than the EU laws that previously applied. Additionally, California recently enacted legislation, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which will become effective January 1, 2020. The CCPA will, among other requirements, require covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers, and allow such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. Legislators have stated that they intend to propose amendments to the CCPA before the effective date. It remains unclear the extent of the modifications that will be made to the CCPA, or how such modifications will be interpreted. The effects of the CCPA potentially are significant and may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply. We may also be subject to additional obligations relating to personal data by contract that industry standards apply to our practices. Our actual or perceived failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations or other obligations to which we may be subject relating to personal data, or to protect personal data from unauthorized access, use, or other processing, could result in enforcement actions and regulatory investigations against us, claims for damages by customers and other affected individuals, fines, damage to our reputation, and loss of goodwill, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial performance, and business. Further, evolving and changing definitions of personal data and personal information, within the EU, the U.S., U.K., and elsewhere, including the classification of IP addresses, machine identification information, location data, and other information, may limit or inhibit our ability to operate or expand our business, including limiting business relationships and partnerships that may involve the sharing or uses of data, and may require significant costs, resources, and efforts in order to comply.

Our ability to develop, market, and sell products could be harmed if we are unable to retain or hire key personnel.

Our future success depends upon our ability to recruit and retain the services of executive, engineering, sales and marketing, and support personnel. The supply of highly qualified individuals, in particular engineers in very specialized technical areas, or sales people with specialized industry expertise, is limited and competition for such individuals is intense. None of our officers or key employees is bound by an employment agreement for any specific term. The loss of the services of any of our key employees, the inability to attract or retain personnel in the future or delays in hiring required personnel, engineers and sales people, and the complexity and time involved in replacing or training new employees, could delay the development and introduction of new products, and negatively impact our ability to market, sell, or support our products.

A number of our team members are foreign nationals who rely on visas and entry permits in order to legally work in the United States and other countries. In recent years, the United States has increased the level of scrutiny in granting H-1(B), L-1 and other business visas. In addition, the current U.S. administration has made immigration reform a priority. Compliance with United States immigration and labor laws could require us to incur additional unexpected labor costs and expenses or could restrain our ability to retain skilled professionals. Any of these restrictions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial conditions.

Our financial condition and results of operations could suffer if there is an impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets with indefinite lives.

We are required to test intangible assets with indefinite lives, including goodwill, annually or more frequently if certain circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit and intangible assets below their carrying values. As of March 31, 2019, our goodwill was $3,109.3 million and our intangible assets with indefinite lives was $49.0 million. When the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value of goodwill, or if the carrying amount of an intangible asset with an indefinite life exceeds its fair value, a charge to operations is recorded. Either event would result in incremental expenses for that quarter, which would reduce any earnings or increase any loss for the period in which the impairment was determined to have occurred. We have in the past recorded goodwill impairment charges. Declines in our level of revenues or declines in our operating margins, or sustained declines in our stock price, increase the risk that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives may become impaired in future periods.

Our goodwill impairment analysis is sensitive to changes in key assumptions used in our analysis, such as expected future cash flows, the degree of volatility in equity and debt markets, and our stock price. If the assumptions used in our analysis are not realized, it is possible that an impairment charge may need to be recorded in the future. We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets. However, any such impairment would have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

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Changes in effective tax rates or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns could adversely affect our results.

Our future effective tax rates could be subject to volatility or adversely affected by the following: earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated earnings in countries where we have higher statutory rates; changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities; expiration of, or lapses in, the R&D tax credit laws applicable to us; transfer pricing adjustments related to certain acquisitions, including the license of acquired intangibles under our intercompany R&D cost sharing arrangement; costs related to intercompany restructuring; tax effects of share-based compensation; challenges to our methodologies for valuing developed technology or intercompany arrangements; limitations on the deductibility of net interest expense; or changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof. For example, on July 24, 2018, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, or the Court, issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner requiring related parties in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement to share expenses related to share-based compensation. On August 7, 2018, the Court withdrew its opinion to allow time for a reconstituted panel to confer. We are monitoring this case and any impact the final opinion may have on our financial statements. In addition, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”), which was signed into law on December 22, 2017, made significant changes to the taxation of U.S. business entities that may have a meaningful impact to our provision for income taxes. These changes included a reduction to the federal corporate income tax rate, the current taxation of certain foreign earnings, the imposition of base-erosion prevention measures which may limit the deduction of certain transfer pricing payments, and possible limitations on the deductibility of net interest expense or corporate debt obligations. Accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Act required significant judgments and estimates that are based on current interpretations of the Tax Act. The U.S. Department of the Treasury continues to issue Proposed Regulations that affect various components of the Act. Our future effective tax rate may be impacted by changes in interpretation of the regulations, as well as additional legislation and guidance regarding the Act.

Furthermore, on October 5, 2015, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD, an international association of 35 countries including the U.S., published final proposals under its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, or BEPS, Action Plan. The BEPS Action Plan includes fifteen Actions to address BEPS in a comprehensive manner and represents a significant change to the international corporate tax landscape. These proposals, as adopted by countries, may increase tax uncertainty and adversely affect our provision for income taxes. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, and other tax authorities. It is possible that tax authorities may disagree with certain positions we have taken and any adverse outcome of such a review or audit could have a negative effect on our financial position and operating results. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes, but the determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires significant judgment by management, and there are transactions where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from continuous examinations will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may face difficulties enforcing our proprietary rights, which could adversely affect our ability to compete.

We generally rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions on disclosure of confidential and proprietary information, to establish and maintain proprietary rights in our technology and products. Although we have been issued numerous patents and other patent applications are currently pending, there can be no assurance that any of our patent applications will result in issued patents or that any of our patents or other proprietary rights will not be challenged, invalidated, infringed or circumvented or that our rights will, in fact, provide competitive advantages to us or protect our technology, any of which could result in costly product redesign efforts, discontinuance of certain product offerings and other competitive harm.

In addition, despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. We generally enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants, vendors, and customers, and generally limit access to and distribution of our proprietary information. However, we cannot assure you that we have entered into such agreements with all parties who may have or have had access to our confidential information or that the agreements we have entered into will not be breached. We cannot guarantee that any of the measures we have taken will prevent misappropriation of our technology.

Furthermore, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. The outcome of any actions taken in these foreign countries may be different than if such actions were determined

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under the laws of the United States. Although we are not dependent on any individual patents or group of patents for particular segments of the business for which we compete, if we are unable to protect our proprietary rights in a market, we may find ourselves at a competitive disadvantage to others who need not incur the substantial expense, time, and effort required to create innovative products that have enabled our success.

We are subject to risks arising from our international operations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from our international operations, and we plan to continue expanding our business in international markets. We conduct significant sales and customer support operations directly and indirectly through our distributors and value-added resellers in countries throughout the world and depend on the operations of our contract manufacturers and suppliers that are located outside of the United States. In addition, a portion of our R&D and our general and administrative operations are conducted outside the United States. In some countries, we may experience reduced intellectual property protection.

As a result of our international operations, we are affected by economic, business regulatory, social, and political conditions in foreign countries, including the following:


•	changes in general IT spending,


•	the imposition of government controls, inclusive of critical infrastructure protection;


•	changes or limitations in trade protection laws or other regulatory requirements, which may affect our ability to import or export our products from various countries;


•	laws that restrict sales of products developed or manufactured outside of the country;


•	varying and potentially conflicting laws and regulations;


•	fluctuations in local economies;


•	wage inflation or a tightening of the labor market;


•	tax policies that could have a business impact;


•	import tariffs imposed by the United States and reciprocal tariffs imposed by foreign countries;


•	data privacy rules and other regulations that affect cross border data flow; and


•	the impact of the following on customer spending patterns: political considerations, unfavorable changes in tax treaties or laws, natural disasters, epidemic disease, labor unrest, earnings expatriation restrictions, misappropriation of intellectual property, military actions, acts of terrorism, political and social unrest and difficulties in staffing and managing international operations.

Any or all of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, the U.K.’s exit from the EU, commonly referred to as Brexit, has caused, and may continue to cause, uncertainty in the global markets. Brexit, if implemented, will take some period of time to complete and could result in regulatory changes that impact our business. For example, changes to the way service providers conduct business and transmit data between the U.K. and the EU could require us to make changes to the way we handle customer data. We will also review the impact of any resulting changes to EU or U.K. law that could affect our operations, such as labor policies, financial planning, product manufacturing, and product distribution. Political and regulatory responses to the vote are still developing and we are in the process of assessing the impact the vote may have on our business as more information becomes available. Nevertheless, because we conduct business in the EU, including the U.K., any of the effects of Brexit, including those we cannot anticipate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows.

There remains significant risk that the U.K. will exit from the EU without agreement between the EU and U.K. on terms addressing customs and trade matters. If it occurs, this “Hard Brexit” scenario would mean, among other things, that U.K. Customs would have to clear a far greater daily volume of imports than it has ever had to before. If U.K. Customs is not able to handle such

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increased volume, significant delays in imports may very well result, thereby potentially producing a short-term material adverse effect on our business. Hard Brexit could result in further short-term uncertainty and currency volatility. Additional currency volatility could drive a weaker British pound, which increases the cost of goods imported into our U.K. operations and may decrease the profitability of our U.K. operations. A weaker British pound versus the U.S. dollar also causes local currency results of our U.K. operations to be translated into fewer U.S. dollars during a reporting period. Any adjustments we make to our business and operations as a result of Brexit could result in significant time and expense to complete. Our business is also impacted by the negotiation and implementation of free trade agreements between the United States and other nations. Such agreements can reduce barriers to international trade and thus the cost of conducting business overseas. For instance, the United States recently reached a new trilateral trade agreement with the Governments of Canada and Mexico to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). If the United States withdraws from NAFTA and the three countries fail to approve the new agreement, known as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (U.S.MCA), our cost of doing business within the three countries could increase.

Moreover, local laws and customs in many countries differ significantly from or conflict with those in the United States or in other countries in which we operate. In many foreign countries, it is common for others to engage in business practices that are prohibited by our internal policies and procedures or U.S. regulations applicable to us. There can be no assurance that our employees, contractors, channel partners, and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies and procedures, which are designed to ensure compliance with U.S. and foreign laws and policies. Violations of laws or key control policies by our employees, contractors, channel partners, or agents could result in termination of our relationship, financial reporting problems, fines, and/or penalties for us, or prohibition on the importation or exportation of our products, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our products are highly technical and if they contain undetected defects, errors or malware or do not meet customer quality expectations, our business could be adversely affected, and we may be subject to additional costs or lawsuits or be required to pay damages in connection with any alleged or actual failure of our products and services.

Our products are highly technical and complex, are critical to the operation of many networks, and, in the case of our security products, provide and monitor network security and may protect valuable information. Our products have contained and may contain one or more undetected errors, defects, malware, or security vulnerabilities. These errors may arise from hardware or software we produce or procure from third parties. Some errors in our products may only be discovered after a product has been installed and used by end-customers.

Any errors, defects, malware or security vulnerabilities discovered in our products after commercial release could result in monetary penalties, negative publicity, loss of revenues or delay in revenue recognition, loss of customers, loss of future business and reputation, penalties, and increased service and warranty cost, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, in the event an error, defect, malware, or vulnerability is attributable to a component supplied by a third-party vendor, we may not be able to recover from the vendor all of the costs of remediation that we may incur. In addition, we could face claims for product liability, tort, or breach of warranty or indemnification. Defending a lawsuit, regardless of its merit, is costly and may divert management’s attention. If our business liability insurance coverage is inadequate, or future coverage is unavailable on acceptable terms or at all, our financial condition and results of operations could be harmed. Moreover, if our products fail to satisfy our customers' quality expectations for whatever reason, the perception of and the demand for our products could be adversely affected.

We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which could negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Because a substantial portion of our business is conducted outside the United States, we face exposure to adverse movements in non-U.S. currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as business practices evolve and could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

The majority of our revenues and expenses are transacted in U.S. Dollars. We also have some transactions that are denominated in foreign currencies, primarily the British Pound, Chinese Yuan, Euro, and Indian Rupee related to our sales and service operations outside of the United States. An increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar could increase the real cost to our customers of our products in those markets outside the United States in which we sell in U.S. Dollars. This could negatively affect our ability to meet our customers' pricing expectations in those markets and may result in erosion of gross margin and market share. A weakened U.S. Dollar could increase the cost of local operating expenses and procurement of raw materials to the extent we must purchase components in foreign currencies.

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Currently, we hedge currency exposures associated with certain assets and liabilities denominated in nonfunctional currencies and periodically hedge anticipated foreign currency cash flows, with the aim of offsetting the impact of currency fluctuations on these exposures. However, hedge activities can be costly, and hedging cannot fully offset all risks, including long-term declines or appreciation in the value of the U.S. Dollar. If our attempts to hedge against these risks are not successful, or if long-term declines or appreciation in the value of the U.S. Dollar persist, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

If we fail to adequately evolve our financial and managerial control and reporting systems and processes, our ability to manage and grow our business will be negatively affected.

Our ability to successfully offer our products and implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning, forecasting, and management process to enable us to effectively scale and adjust our business and business models in response to fluctuating market opportunities and conditions. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial control and our reporting systems and procedures in order to manage our business effectively in the future. If we fail to effectively improve our systems and processes or we fail to monitor and ensure that these systems and processes are being used correctly, our ability to manage our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be negatively affected.

If our products do not interoperate with our customers’ networks, installations will be delayed or cancelled and could harm our business.

Our products are designed to interface with our customers’ existing networks, each of which have different specifications and utilize multiple protocol standards and products from other vendors. Many of our customers’ networks contain multiple generations of products that have been added over time as these networks have grown and evolved. Our products must interoperate with many or all of the products within these networks as well as future products in order to meet our customers’ requirements. If we find errors in the existing software or defects in the hardware used in our customers’ networks, we may need to modify our software or hardware to fix or overcome these errors so that our products will interoperate and scale with the existing software and hardware, which could be costly and could negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, if our products do not interoperate with those of our customers’ networks, demand for our products could be adversely affected or orders for our products could be cancelled. This could hurt our operating results, damage our reputation, and seriously harm our business and prospects.

Our products incorporate and rely upon licensed third-party technology, and if licenses of third-party technology do not continue to be available to us or are not available on terms acceptable to us, our revenues and ability to develop and introduce new products could be adversely affected.

We integrate licensed third-party technology into certain of our products. From time to time, we may be required to renegotiate our current third-party licenses or license additional technology from third-parties to develop new products or product enhancements or to facilitate new business models. Third-party licenses may not be available or continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms. The failure to comply with the terms of any license, including free open source software, may result in our inability to continue to use such license. Some of our agreements with our licensors may be terminated for convenience by them. In addition, we cannot be certain that our licensors are not infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties or that our licensors have sufficient rights to the licensed intellectual property in all jurisdictions in which we may sell our products. Third- party technology we incorporate into our products that is deemed to infringe on the intellectual property of others may result, and in some cases has resulted, in limitations on our ability to source technology from those third parties, restrictions on our ability to sell products that incorporate the infringing technology, increased exposure to liability that we will be held responsible for incorporating the infringing technology in our products and increased costs involved in removing that technology from our products or developing substitute technology. Our inability to maintain or re-license any third-party licenses required in our products or our inability to obtain third-party licenses necessary to develop new products and product enhancements, could require us, if possible, to develop substitute technology or obtain substitute technology of lower quality or performance standards or at a greater cost, any of which could delay or prevent product shipment and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We rely on the availability and performance of information technology services provided by third parties, including IBM which will manage a significant portion of our systems.

Under the terms of our recent Master Services Agreement and certain Statements of Work, following a transition period, IBM will provide us with a broad range of information technology services, such as applications, including support, development and maintenance; infrastructure management and support, including for servers storage and network devices; and end user support including service desk. We expect that our businesses will become dependent on the services provided and systems operated for us by IBM and its third-party providers. While we believe that we conducted appropriate due diligence before entering into this

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agreement, the failure of one or more of these entities to meet our performance standards and expectations, including with respect to data security, may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Our success is dependent on our ability to maintain effective relationships with IBM and other third-party technology and service providers as well as the ability of IBM and any other third-party providers to perform as expected. We may terminate our agreement with IBM and any and all Statements of Work at any time on short notice for cause, convenience, certain specific performance failures, a breach of warranties by IBM, failure to transition, failure to transform, changes in law, force majeure, or a change in the control of either IBM or us. Depending on the type and timing of a termination, we may be required to pay certain termination amounts to IBM. IBM's only right to terminate the agreement is based on our failure to comply with certain terms applying to disputed payments.

Our ability to realize the expected benefits of this arrangement is subject to various risks, some of which are not within our complete control. These risks include, but are not limited to, disruption in services and the failure to protect the security and integrity of the Company's data under the terms of the agreement. We are unable to provide assurances that some or all of these risks will not occur. Failure to effectively mitigate these risks, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results. In addition, we could face significant additional costs or business disruption if our arrangement with IBM is terminated or impaired and we cannot find alternative IT services or support on commercially reasonable terms or on a timely basis or if we are unable to hire new employees in order to return these services in-house.

We are required to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and publicly disclose material weaknesses in our controls. Any adverse results from such evaluation may adversely affect investor perception, and our stock price.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires our management to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and to disclose in our filing if such controls were unable to provide assurance that a material error would be prevented or detected in a timely manner. We have an ongoing program to review the design of our internal controls framework in keeping with changes in business needs, implement necessary changes to our controls design and test the system and process controls necessary to comply with these requirements. If in the future, our internal controls over financial reporting are determined to be not effective resulting in a material weakness or significant deficiency, investor perceptions regarding the reliability of our financial statements may be adversely affected which could cause a decline in the market price of our stock and otherwise negatively affect our liquidity and financial condition.

Failure to maintain our credit ratings could adversely affect our cost of funds and related margins, liquidity, competitive position and access to capital markets.

The major credit rating agencies routinely evaluate our indebtedness. This evaluation is based on a number of factors, which include financial strength as well as transparency with rating agencies and timeliness of financial reporting. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our credit ratings and failure to do so could adversely affect our cost of funds and related margins, liquidity, competitive position and access to capital markets.

We may be unable to generate the cash flow to satisfy our expenses, make anticipated capital expenditures or service our debt obligations, including the Notes and the Revolving Credit Facility.

As of March 31, 2019, we have issued $1,800.0 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes, which we refer to collectively as the Notes, and had $1,789.6 million in total outstanding debt. In April 2019, we entered into a new credit agreement with certain institutional lenders that provides for a five-year $500.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility, which we refer to as the Revolving Credit Facility, with an option to increase the Revolving Credit Facility by up to an additional $200.0 million. The Credit Agreement will terminate in April 2024, at which point all amounts borrowed must be repaid (subject to two one-year maturity extension options). As of March 31, 2019, no amounts were outstanding under our prior revolving credit agreement that was due to expire in June 2019 and was terminated in connection with our entry into the Revolving Credit Facility.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to enable us to satisfy our expenses, make anticipated capital expenditures or service our indebtedness, including the Notes and the Revolving Credit Facility (if drawn upon). Our ability to pay our expenses, satisfy our debt obligations, refinance our debt obligations and fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors beyond our control. Based upon current levels of operations, we believe cash flow from operations and available cash will be adequate for at least the next twelve months to meet our anticipated requirements for working capital, capital expenditures and scheduled payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness, including the Notes and the Revolving Credit Facility (if drawn upon).

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However, if we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations or to borrow sufficient funds in the future to service our debt, we may be required to sell assets, reduce capital expenditures, refinance all or a portion of our existing debt (including the Notes) or obtain additional financing. There is no assurance that we will be able to refinance our debt, sell assets or borrow more money on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

The indentures that govern the Notes contain various covenants that limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things:


•	incur liens;


•	incur sale and leaseback transactions; and


•	consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of our assets to, another person.

The Credit Agreement contains two financial covenants along with customary affirmative and negative covenants that include the following:


•	maintenance of a leverage ratio no greater than 3.0x (provided that the leverage ratio can be greater than 3.5x under material M&A for up to four quarters) and an interest coverage ratio no less than 3.0x


•	covenants that limit or restrict the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to, among other things, grant liens, merge or consolidate, dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, change their accounting or reporting policies, change their business and incur subsidiary indebtedness, in each case subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size and type.

As a result of these covenants, we are limited in the manner in which we can conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs. Accordingly, these restrictions may limit our ability to successfully operate our business. A failure to comply with these restrictions could lead to an event of default, which could result in an acceleration of the indebtedness. Our future operating results may not be sufficient to enable compliance with these covenants to remedy any such default. In addition, in the event of an acceleration, we may not have or be able to obtain sufficient funds to make any accelerated payments, including those under the Notes, and the Revolving Credit Facility (if drawn upon).

In addition, certain changes under the Tax Act may result in limitations on the deductibility of our net business interest expenses. The Tax Act generally limits the annual deduction for net business interest expense to an amount equal to 30% of adjusted taxable income. As a result, if our taxable income were to decline, we may not be able to fully deduct our net interest expense. These changes, among others under the Tax Act, could result in increases to our future U.S. tax expenses, which could have a material impact on our business.

A portion of the transaction consideration we received from the divestiture of our Junos Pulse product portfolio is in the form of a non-contingent seller promissory note and we may not receive the amount owed to us (including accrued interest), including in the time frame contemplated, by the buyer under the note.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we completed the sale of our Junos Pulse product portfolio to an affiliate of Siris Capital, a private equity firm, for total consideration of $230.7 million, of which $125.0 million was in the form of an 18-month non-contingent interest-bearing promissory note issued to the Company. On May 1, 2017, we received a principal payment in the amount of $75.0 million and outstanding interest on the note, and we and the issuer agreed to further amend the terms of the note with respect to the remaining approximately $58.0 million to, among other things, extend the maturity date from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2022, provided that interest due can be paid in kind by increasing the outstanding principal amount of the note and subordinate the note to other debt issued by senior lenders. Since a portion of the transaction consideration is in the form of a non-contingent seller promissory note and the note is subordinated to debt issued by senior lenders, there is the risk that we may not receive the amount owed to us (including accrued interest), including in the time frame contemplated, under the note. In the event that the promissory note is not repaid on the terms we contemplate, any collection or restructuring efforts we undertake may be costly and require significant time and attention from our management and there is no guarantee that we will be able to recover the amounts owed to us in full.

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Our failure to pay quarterly dividends to our stockholders or the failure to meet our commitments to return capital to our stockholders could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.

Our ability to pay quarterly dividends or achieve our intended capital return policy will be subject to, among other things, our financial position and results of operations, available cash and cash flow, capital and debt service requirements, use of cash for acquisitions and other factors. Any failure to pay or increase future dividends as announced, or a reduction or discontinuation of quarterly dividends could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.

In November 2018, we announced that for 2019, we intend to target a capital return policy, inclusive of share repurchases and dividends, of approximately 75% of annual free cash flow. Free cash flow is calculated as net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. In January 2018, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a new $2.0 billion buyback authorization, which replaced our prior authorization. In February 2018, as a part of our new buyback authorization, we entered into a $750.0 million accelerated share repurchase program, or ASR, which was completed in the third quarter of 2018, and our Board of Directors declared an increase to our quarterly cash dividend to $0.18 per share, which reflects an increase of 80% compared to previous quarterly dividends. In January 2019, our Board of Directors declared an increase to our quarterly cash dividend to $0.19 per share. Any failure to meet our commitments to return capital to our stockholders could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.

The investment of our cash balance and our investments in government and corporate debt securities and equity securities are subject to risks, which may cause losses and affect the liquidity of these investments.

At March 31, 2019, we had $2,155.6 million in cash and cash equivalents and $1,347.1 million in short-and long-term investments. We have invested these amounts primarily in asset-backed securities, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, corporate debt securities, foreign government debt securities, money market funds, mutual funds, time deposits, U.S. government agency securities, and U.S. government securities. We also have $94.1 million in other long-term assets for our investments in privately-held companies. Certain of our investments are subject to general credit, liquidity, market, sovereign debt, and interest rate risks. Our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or if the decline in fair value of our publicly traded debt or equity investments is judged to be other-than-temporary. These market risks associated with our investment portfolio may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our amended and restated bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware) is the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers, or other employees to us or to our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our restated certificate of incorporation, or our bylaws; (iv) any action or proceeding asserting a claim as to which Delaware General Corporation Law confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery or (v) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The exclusive forum provisions in our bylaws may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our current or former directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our current or former directors, officers, and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the exclusive forum provisions contained in our bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could have a material and adverse impact on our business.

Uninsured losses could harm our operating results.

We self-insure against many business risks and expenses, such as intellectual property litigation, cybersecurity and our medical benefit programs, where we believe we can adequately self-insure against the anticipated exposure and risk or where insurance is either not deemed cost-effective or is not available. We also maintain a program of insurance coverage for various types of property, casualty, and other risks. We place our insurance coverage with various carriers in numerous jurisdictions. The types and amounts of insurance that we obtain vary from time to time and from location to location, depending on availability, cost, and our decisions with respect to risk retention. The policies are subject to deductibles, policy limits, and exclusions that result in our retention of a level of risk on a self-insurance basis. In addition, our insurance coverage may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses or failures that may occur. Losses not covered by insurance could be substantial and unpredictable and could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

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Our stock price may fluctuate.

Historically, our common stock has experienced substantial price volatility, particularly as a result of variations between our actual financial results and the published expectations of analysts and as a result of announcements by our competitors and us. Furthermore, speculation in the press or investment community about our strategic position, financial condition, results of operations, business, security of our products, or significant transactions can cause changes in our stock price. In addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price of many technology companies in particular and that have often been unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. From time to time, economic weakness has contributed to extreme price and volume fluctuations in global stock markets that have also reduced the market price of many technology company stocks, including ours. These factors, as well as general economic and political conditions and the announcement of proposed and completed acquisitions or other significant transactions, or any difficulties associated with such transactions, by us or our current or potential competitors, may materially adversely affect the market price of our common stock in the future.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no share repurchases under our Board approved 2018 Stock Repurchase Program, which authorized us to purchase an aggregate of up to $2.0 billion of our common stock. Future share repurchases will be subject to a review of the circumstances in place at that time and will be made from time to time in private transactions or open market purchases as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements, including Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the Exchange Act. This program may be discontinued at any time.

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Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit Number		Description of Document
10.1		Credit Agreement, dated as of April 25, 2019, by and among Juniper Networks, Inc., the lenders from time to time party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent*

10.2		Share Repurchase Transaction Agreement, dated April 29, 2019 between Juniper Networks, Inc. and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, National Association*

31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350**

32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350**

101		The following materials from Juniper Network Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text*

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document*

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*

*Filed herewith.

**Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant had duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	Juniper Networks, Inc.

May 9, 2019	By:	/s/ Kenneth B. Miller
		Kenneth B. Miller
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)