KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 January (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended January 31, 2022

 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from to .

Commission File No. 001-36830

KALVISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		20-0915291
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
55 Cambridge Parkway Suite 901E Cambridge, Massachusetts		02142
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

857-999-0075

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

n/a

Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	KALV	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  NO 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  NO 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer		Accelerated filer	
Non-accelerated filer		Smaller reporting company	
		Emerging growth company	

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES  NO 

As of March 8, 2022, the registrant had 24,543,256 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents


		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)	1

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5

	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	11

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	19

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	19

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	20

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	20

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	20

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	20

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	20

Item 5.	Other Information	21

Item 6.	Exhibits	21

Signatures		22

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	January 31,			April 30,
	2022			2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	45,577		$	50,592
Marketable securities		149,212			198,337
Research and development tax credit receivable		11,287			10,418
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		8,388			4,917
Total current assets		214,464			264,264
Property and equipment, net		2,215			1,791
Right of use assets		8,180			5,758
Other assets		193			200
Total assets	$	225,052		$	272,013
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	2,185		$	1,981
Accrued expenses		6,450			6,930
Lease liability - current portion		1,014			863
Total current liabilities		9,649			9,774
Long-term liabilities:
Lease liability - net of current portion		7,467			5,046
Total long-term liabilities		7,467			5,046
Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 authorized
Shares issued and outstanding: 24,537,094 at January 31, 2022 and 24,422,531 at April 30, 2021		24			24
Additional paid-in capital		436,313			426,437
Accumulated deficit		(226,062	)		(167,836	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(2,339	)		(1,432	)
Total stockholders’ equity		207,936			257,193
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	225,052		$	272,013

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	January 31,						January 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Operating expenses:
Research and development		19,738			9,097			50,954			29,409
General and administrative		6,945			3,560			18,848			10,472
Total operating expenses		26,683			12,657			69,802			39,881
Operating loss		(26,683	)		(12,657	)		(69,802	)		(39,881	)
Other income:
Interest income		258			137			822			589
Foreign currency exchange (loss) gain		(198	)		301			(529	)		715
Other income		4,156			2,171			11,283			7,289
Total other income		4,216			2,609			11,576			8,593
Net loss	$	(22,467	)	$	(10,048	)	$	(58,226	)	$	(31,288	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(445	)		813			(430	)		1,024
Unrealized holding loss on marketable securities		(350	)		(48	)		(773	)		(217	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss (gain) on marketable securities included in net loss		176			(76	)		296			(192	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income		(619	)		689			(907	)		615
Comprehensive loss	$	(23,086	)	$	(9,359	)	$	(59,133	)	$	(30,673	)
Net loss per share to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.92	)	$	(0.56	)	$	(2.38	)	$	(1.75	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		24,479,660			17,961,802			24,449,788			17,905,926

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended January 31, 2022
										Accumulated
					Additional					Other			Total
	Common Stock				Paid-in		Accumulated			Comprehensive			Stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Loss			Equity
Balance at May 1, 2021		24,422,531	$	24	$	426,437	$	(167,836	)	$	(1,432	)	$	257,193
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans		14,984		—		608		—			—			608
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		2,795		—			—			2,795
Net loss		—		—		—		(16,109	)		—			(16,109	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—			49			49
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities		—		—		—		—			(129	)		(129	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on marketable securities included in net loss		—		—		—		—			23			23
Balance at July 31, 2021		24,437,515	$	24	$	429,840	$	(183,945	)	$	(1,489	)	$	244,430
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans		5,917		—		63		—			—			63
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		2,860		—			—			2,860
Net loss		—		—		—		(19,650	)		—			(19,650	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—			(33	)		(33	)
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities		—		—		—		—			(295	)		(295	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on marketable securities included in net loss		—		—		—		—			97			97
Balance at October 31, 2021		24,443,432	$	24	$	432,763	$	(203,595	)	$	(1,720	)	$	227,472
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans		93,662		—		773		—			—			773
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		2,777		—			—			2,777
Net loss		—		—		—		(22,467	)		—			(22,467	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—		—		—		—			(445	)		(445	)
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities		—		—		—		—			(350	)		(350	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on marketable securities included in net loss		—		—		—		—			176			176
Balance at January 31, 2022		24,537,094	$	24	$	436,313	$	(226,062	)	$	(2,339	)	$	207,936


	Nine Months Ended January 31, 2021
										Accumulated
					Additional					Other			Total
	Common Stock				Paid-in		Accumulated			Comprehensive			Stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Loss			Equity
Balance at May 1, 2020		17,845,599	$	18	$	207,208	$	(121,592	)	$	(1,882	)	$	83,752
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans		34,815		—		46		—			—			46
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		1,188		—			—			1,188
Net loss		—		—		—		(10,814	)		—			(10,814	)


Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—			338			338
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities	—		—		—		—			(5	)		(5	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gain) on marketable securities included in net loss	—		—		—		—			(70	)		(70	)
Balance at July 31, 2020	17,880,414	$	18	$	208,442	$	(132,406	)	$	(1,619	)	$	74,435
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options	35,101		—		60		—			—			60
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		1,248		—			—			1,248
Net loss	—		—		—		(10,426	)		—			(10,426	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—			(127	)		(127	)
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities	—		—		—		—			(164	)		(164	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gain) on marketable securities included in net loss	—		—		—		—			(46	)		(46	)
Balance at October 31, 2020	17,915,515	$	18	$	209,750	$	(142,832	)	$	(1,956	)	$	64,980
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $132	97,332		—		1,648		—			—			1,648
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans	8,377		—		55		—			—			55
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		1,241		—			—			1,241
Net loss	—		—		—		(10,048	)		—			(10,048	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—			813			813
Unrealized holding losses from marketable securities	—		—		—		—			(48	)		(48	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on marketable securities included in net loss	—		—		—		—			(76	)		(76	)
Balance at January 31, 2021	18,021,224	$	18	$	212,694	$	(152,880	)	$	(1,267	)	$	58,565

KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands, unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended
	January 31,
	2022			2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(58,226	)	$	(31,288	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		408			397
Stock-based compensation expense		8,432			3,677
Realized loss (gain) from sale of marketable securities		296			(192	)
Non-cash operating lease expense		153			25
Amortization of premium on marketable securities		2,081			247
Foreign currency exchange loss (gain)		698			(441	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Research and development tax credit receivable		(1,477	)		10,135
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(3,659	)		35
Accounts payable		228			(1,182	)
Accrued expenses		(279	)		(539	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(51,345	)		(19,126	)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of marketable securities		(84,415	)		(26,814	)
Sales and maturities of marketable securities		130,686			45,692
Acquisition of property and equipment		(845	)		(49	)
Net cash provided by investing activities		45,426			18,829
Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of common stock, net of offering expenses		-			1,648
Issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans		1,443			161
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,443			1,809
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(539	)		426
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(5,015	)		1,938
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		50,592			15,789
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	45,577		$	17,727
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash activities:
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	3,185		$	-
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses:	$	19		$	-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

The Company

Company Background

KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“KalVista” or the “Company”) is a clinical stage pharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of small molecule protease inhibitors for diseases with significant unmet need. The Company applies its insights into the chemistry and biology of proteases to develop orally delivered, small molecule inhibitors with high selectivity, potency, and bioavailability that it believes will make them successful treatments for disease. The Company has used these capabilities to develop a proprietary portfolio of novel, small molecule plasma kallikrein inhibitors targeting hereditary angioedema (HAE) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

In the first quarter of 2022, the Company announced that it has initiated the Phase 3 KONFIDENT clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of KVD900 as the first potential oral, on-demand therapy for hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks. This worldwide, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial will evaluate the response of adolescents and adults experiencing acute HAE attacks with two different doses of KVD900 and placebo. KVD900 is the most advanced potential oral therapy for acute HAE attacks in clinical development, and is intended to provide a substantial improvement over the current on-demand standard of care for HAE attacks, which currently are only treated with injectable or infused therapies. KVD824 is KalVista’s next oral program to be developed for HAE, currently being developed as a potential oral prophylactic treatment for HAE. This program is enrolling patients in the worldwide Phase 2 KOMPLETE clinical trial. The Company’s next anticipated program is an oral inhibitor of Factor XIIa, which is currently in the research stage and is being advanced towards IND-enabling studies. Factor XIIa plays a significant role in HAE and also has the potential to be developed in additional indications over time.

The Company’s headquarters is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, with additional offices located in Porton Down, United Kingdom, Salt Lake City, Utah and Boston, Massachusetts.

COVID-19

As a result of the ongoing coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (“COVID-19”) pandemic, the Company has experienced delays, with respect to the Company’s clinical trials, and may experience future delays in enrollment, site initiation, participant dosing, distribution of clinical trial materials, study monitoring and data analysis, any of which could materially adversely impact the Company’s business, results of operations and overall financial performance in future periods. Any such delays to the Company’s planned clinical timelines for KVD900 and KVD824 could also impact the use and sufficiency of existing cash reserves, and the Company may be required to raise additional capital earlier than previously planned. The Company may be unable to raise additional capital if and when needed, which may result in further delays or suspension of development plans. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows is uncertain and will continue to be monitored closely.

Liquidity

The Company has devoted substantially all of its efforts to research and development, including preclinical and clinical trials of its product candidates. The Company has not completed the development of any product candidates or commenced commercial operations. Pharmaceutical drug product candidates, like those being developed by the Company, require approvals from the FDA or foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales. There can be no assurance that any product candidates will receive the necessary approvals and any failure to receive approval or delay in approval may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business and financial results. The Company is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties similar to those of other life science companies developing new products, including, among others, the risks related to the necessity to obtain adequate additional financing, to successfully develop product candidates, to obtain regulatory approval of product candidates, to comply with government regulations, to successfully commercialize its potential products, to the protection of proprietary technology and to the dependence on key individuals.

To date, the Company has not generated any product sales revenues and does not have any products that have been approved for commercialization. As of January 31, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $226.1 million and $194.8 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company does not expect to generate significant revenue unless and until it obtains regulatory approval for, and commercializes, one of its current or future product candidates. The Company anticipates that it will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, and it expects those losses to increase as it continues the development of, and seeks regulatory approvals for, product candidates, and begins to commercialize any approved products. The Company is subject to all of the risks inherent in the development of new therapeutic products, and it may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties,

complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect its business. The Company currently anticipates that, based upon its operating plans and existing capital resources, it has sufficient funding to operate for at least the next twelve months.

Until such time, if ever, as the Company can generate substantial revenues, it expects to finance its cash needs through a combination of equity or debt financings, collaborations, strategic partnerships and licensing arrangements. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of stock or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of existing stockholders may be diluted, and the terms of these newly issued securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of common stockholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include increased fixed payment obligations and covenants limiting or restricting the Company’s ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, declaring dividends, selling or licensing intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact its ability to conduct business. Additional fundraising through collaborations, strategic partnerships or licensing arrangements with third parties may require the Company to relinquish valuable rights to product candidates, including other technologies, future revenue streams or research programs, or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable. If the Company is unable to raise additional funds when needed, it may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and commercialize other product candidates even if it would otherwise prefer to develop and commercialize such product candidates internally.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Such financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in management’s opinion, necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements. There were no adjustments other than normal recurring adjustments. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending April 30, 2022, or for any other future annual or interim period. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements as of and for the year ended April 30, 2021 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on July 13, 2021.

Segment Reporting: The chief operating decision maker, the CEO, manages the Company’s operations as a single operating segment for the purposes of assessing performance and making operating decisions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain financial instruments, including trade receivables and available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance is effective for the Company as of May 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Net Loss per Share: Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and the number of potential dilutive common share equivalents outstanding during the period. Potential dilutive common share equivalents consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of share options and awards.

Potential dilutive common share equivalents consist of:


	January 31,
	2022		2021
Stock options and awards		3,586,033		3,024,255

In computing diluted earnings per share, common share equivalents are not considered in periods in which a net loss is reported, as the inclusion of the common share equivalents would be anti-dilutive. As a result, there is no difference between the Company’s basic and diluted loss per share for the periods presented.

Fair Value Measurement: The Company classifies fair value measurements using a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows: Level 1, quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, observable inputs other than quoted market prices included in Level 1, such as quoted market prices for markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and Level 3, unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. These fair values are obtained from independent pricing services which utilize Level 1 and Level 2 inputs.

The following tables summarize the cash equivalents and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2022 and April 30, 2021 (in thousands):


							Balance at
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		January 31, 2022
Cash equivalents	$	12,094	$	—	$	—	$	12,094
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities		—		115,041		—		115,041
U.S. government agency securities		—		34,171		—		34,171
	$	12,094	$	149,212	$	—	$	161,306


							Balance at
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		April 30, 2021
Cash equivalents	$	2,985	$	—	$	—	$	2,985
Marketable securities:
Corporate debt securities		—		157,873		—		157,873
U.S. government agency securities		—		40,464		—		40,464
	$	2,985	$	198,337	$	—	$	201,322

Marketable Securities

The objectives of the Company’s investment policy are to ensure the safety and preservation of invested funds, as well as to maintain liquidity sufficient to meet cash flow requirements. The Company invests its excess cash in securities issued by financial institutions, commercial companies, and government agencies that management believes to be of high credit quality in order to limit the amount of its credit exposure. The Company has not realized any material losses from its investments.

The Company classifies all of its debt securities as available-for-sale. Unrealized gains and losses on investments are recognized in accumulated comprehensive loss, unless an unrealized loss is considered to be other than temporary, in which case the unrealized loss is charged to operations. The Company periodically reviews its investments for other than temporary declines in fair value below cost basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company believes the individual unrealized losses represent temporary declines primarily resulting from interest rate changes. Realized gains and losses are included in other income in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and are determined using the specific identification method with transactions recorded on a trade date basis.

The following tables summarize the fair values of the Company’s investments by type as of January 31, 2022 and April 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	January 31, 2022
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	$	115,644	$	3	$	(606	)	$	115,041
Obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies		34,245		—		(74	)		34,171
Total	$	149,889	$	3	$	(680	)	$	149,212


	April 30, 2021
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	$	158,063	$	55	$	(245	)	$	157,873
Obligations of the U.S. Government and its agencies		40,473		7		(16	)		40,464
Total	$	198,536	$	62	$	(261	)	$	198,337

The Company has classified all of its available-for-sale investment securities, including those with maturities beyond one year, as current assets on its condensed consolidated balance sheets based on the highly liquid nature of the investment securities and because these investment securities are considered available for use in current operations.

As of January 31, 2022, unrealized losses related to individual securities that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were insignificant.

The following table summarizes the scheduled maturity for the Company’s marketable securities at January 31, 2022 (in thousands):


	January 31, 2022
Maturing in one year or less	$	109,859
Maturing after one year through two years		23,931
Maturing after two years through five years		15,422
Total	$	149,212

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of January 31, 2022 and April 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	January 31,		April 30,
	2022		2021
Compensation expense	$	3,252	$	3,507
Research expense		2,415		2,476
Professional fees		596		557
Other expenses		187		390
	$	6,450	$	6,930

Commitments and Contingencies

Clinical Studies: The Company enters into contractual agreements with contract research organizations in connection with preclinical and toxicology studies and clinical trials. Amounts due under these agreements are invoiced to the Company on predetermined schedules during the course of the studies and clinical trials and are not refundable regardless of the outcome. The Company has contractual obligations related to the expected future costs to be incurred to complete the ongoing preclinical studies and clinical trials. The remaining commitments, which have cancellation provisions, total $35.7 million at January 31, 2022.

Indemnification: In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnification. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves future claims that may be made against the Company but have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. No amounts associated with such indemnifications have been recorded to date.

Contingencies: From time to time, the Company may have certain contingent liabilities that arise in the ordinary course of business activities. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. There were no contingent liabilities requiring accrual at January 31, 2022.

Leases

The Company has a lease agreement for approximately 8,300 square feet of space for its headquarters located in Cambridge, Massachusetts that runs through September 2028.

The Company has lease agreements for approximately 13,400 square feet of office and research laboratory space located in Porton Down, United Kingdom that run through April 2028, with an option to terminate in April 2023. As of March 2022, the Company does not expect to exercise the option to terminate the leases. Options to renew a lease are not included in the Company’s assessment unless there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew.

The Company has a lease agreement in Salt Lake City, Utah for approximately 6,200 square feet of office space that commenced in November 2021 and runs through February 2032.

Total rent expense was approximately $1,289,000 and $606,000 for the nine months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively and is reflected in general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses as determined by the underlying activities.

The following table summarizes the maturity of undiscounted payments due under lease liabilities and the present value of those liabilities as of January 31, 2022 (in thousands):


Years ending April 30,		Operating Leases
2022		$435
2023		1,631
2024		1,511
2025		1,547
2026		1,585
Thereafter		4,721
Total minimum lease payments		11,430
Less amounts representing interest		2,949
Present value of minimum payments		8,481
Current portion		1,014
Long-term portion		$7,467

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our unaudited interim condensed financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this report are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “could,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “predict,” “seek,” “contemplate,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to, the success, cost and timing of our product development activities and clinical trials as well as other activities we may undertake, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, business strategy, our ability to receive, maintain and recognize the benefits of certain designations received by product candidates and the receipt and timing of potential regulatory designations, approvals and commercialization of product candidates. Any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect our current views with respect to future events or our future financial performance, are based on assumptions, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among other things, those listed under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K or described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future. Unless the context indicates otherwise, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “KalVista,” “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to KalVista Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and, where appropriate, its consolidated subsidiaries.

Management Overview

We are a clinical stage pharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of small molecule protease inhibitors for diseases with significant unmet need. We apply our insights into the chemistry and biology of proteases to develop orally delivered, small molecule inhibitors with high selectivity, potency and bioavailability that we believe will make them successful treatments for diseases. We have used these capabilities to develop a proprietary portfolio of novel, small molecule plasma kallikrein inhibitors targeting hereditary angioedema (“HAE”) and diabetic macular edema (“DME”). In late 2020, we also announced a novel, oral Factor XIIa (“Factor XIIa”) inhibitor program, which initially is being advanced to provide a next generation of HAE therapeutics and which also offers the opportunity for expansion into other high unmet need indications in the future.

Our primary focus is currently on developing oral plasma kallikrein inhibitors for HAE, for which we have two drug program candidates in clinical trials. HAE is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition with symptoms that include episodes of debilitating and often painful swelling in the skin, gastrointestinal tract or airways. Despite having multiple therapies approved, we believe HAE patients are in need of alternatives that better meet their objectives for quality of life and ease of disease control. Other than one oral therapy recently approved for prophylaxis, currently marketed therapies are all administered by injection, which patients can find challenging despite their efficacy because they can be painful, time consuming to deliver and difficult to store. We anticipate that there will be strong interest in safe and effective, orally delivered, small molecule treatments, and our strategy is to develop distinct oral drug candidates for both on-demand and prophylactic use with the goal of providing patients with a complete set of oral options to treat their disease.

Our strategy is based upon extensive patient, physician and payer research to identify the key needs in the market. According to our market research, oral therapy remains the highest unmet need, with 93% of patients surveyed by KalVista expressing a willingness to switch to oral therapy for both on-demand and prophylactic use. Importantly however, the survey data show that patients are not prepared to accept significantly reduced efficacy or safety with a switch to oral therapy, and so we place a high degree of emphasis on advancing program candidates that we believe can compare favorably to existing approved therapies in both those dimensions.

KVD900 is our product candidate being developed for on-demand treatment of HAE attacks. KVD900 is the most advanced potential oral therapy for acute HAE attacks in clinical development and is intended to provide a substantial improvement over the current on-demand standard of care for HAE attacks, which currently are only treated with injectable or infused therapies. KVD900 has received Fast Track designation from the FDA. A Pediatric Investigational Plan (“PIP”) has also been approved by the European Medicines Agency (“EMA”).

In early 2021, we announced data from a Phase 2 clinical trial for KVD900. The trial met its primary endpoint comparing the time to use of rescue treatment within 12 hours on KVD900 versus placebo (p=0.001) with rates of use at 12 hours of 15.1% following

treatment with KVD900 versus 30.2% after placebo. Secondary outcomes included assessment of attack severity using categorical (“PGI-S”) and visual analogue scale (“VAS”) measures and a patient global impression of change (“PGI-C”) scale, with the trial also achieving those endpoints with statistical significance and p<.0001 in all cases. KVD900 also demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with no patients withdrawing due to adverse events.

In the first quarter of 2022 we announced that we have initiated the Phase 3 KONFIDENT clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of KVD900 as the first potential oral, on-demand therapy for HAE attacks. This worldwide, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial will evaluate the response of adolescents and adults experiencing acute HAE attacks with two different doses of KVD900 and placebo.

KONFIDENT will be conducted at up to approximately 60 sites in 20 countries. The trial is intended to enroll a minimum of 84 HAE adolescent and adult patients who will complete the treatment of three attacks: one each with 300 mg KVD900, 600 mg KVD900, and placebo. The trial will be double-blinded and patients will receive their doses in a randomized sequence. The primary endpoint of the trial is time to the beginning of symptom relief, evaluated on a patient global impression of change (PGI-C) scale, and additional endpoints will evaluate other measures of patient response and attack progression, as well as safety. Patients will take each dose upon first recognition of an attack, and all attack types including laryngeal attacks will be eligible for treatment. Patients will be permitted to take an additional dose of investigational drug following their first, if symptoms warrant, and will always have access to their conventional injectable or infused therapy. Study participants also will be allowed to maintain their prophylaxis regimen if they were receiving one at study enrollment.

In preparation for KONFIDENT, we completed an end-of-Phase 2 meeting with the FDA in the fourth quarter of 2021 which confirmed that our proposed Phase 3 trial design, which is similar to the successful Phase 2 trial, is expected to be appropriate to support an NDA submission. We believe that PGI-C is the most appropriate primary measure of efficacy for a pivotal trial of an on-demand HAE therapy because it is patient-oriented and reflects the speed with which patients begin to feel better following treatment, and we believe it is particularly useful due to the study design that encourages patients to treat attacks early, before they become severe. Prior pivotal studies of on-demand treatments icatibant (Firazyr®) and rC1-inh (Ruconest®) required patients to allow their attacks to develop to moderate or severe levels prior to initiating treatment. While this potentially allows the therapies to demonstrate a greater treatment effect, we believe that it also causes patients to suffer needlessly and does not reflect current guidelines that all HAE attacks should be treated as soon as the patient recognizes their onset. Our objective is to provide HAE patients with a therapy that can be taken immediately at the first signs of an attack, and that therefore will halt that attack before it develops the significant physical symptoms that lead to the pain and other debilitating effects.

This trial will be 90% powered to detect the same treatment effect as was observed in the Phase 2 trial, which we believe will meet patient needs for efficacy and yield a commercially attractive profile. We anticipate that data from KONFIDENT will be available in the second half of 2023 and enable filing an NDA with the FDA in the first half of 2024. We already have determined the final formulation of KVD900, including color and coating and, if KVD900 is approved, intend to offer patients a therapy that is comprehensively designed to meet their needs.

KVD824 is our oral product candidate being developed for potential prophylactic treatment of HAE. Our work to optimize the exposure profile of KVD824 has yielded a formulation that maintains the plasma concentrations we believe are required to deliver efficacy that will compete with approved injectable therapies. Twice-daily dosing of this formulation of KVD824 up to 14 days has shown an encouraging safety and tolerability profile.

KOMPLETE is the ongoing worldwide Phase 2 clinical trial of KVD824, and is a randomized, double-blind, parallel group design evaluating twice-daily dosing of 300 mg, 600 mg, and 900 mg KVD824 against placebo for 12 weeks. The trial will enroll 48 HAE patients randomized into four equal arms after they report experiencing a minimum of three attacks during an eight-week run-in period. Patients will take two doses of their assigned medication daily, in the morning and evening. The primary endpoint of the trial is the rate of investigator-confirmed HAE attacks during the treatment period, which is the endpoint that has been used in prior registration trials of proposed HAE prophylaxis therapies. Secondary endpoints include the proportion of subjects without investigator-confirmed HAE attacks, the rate of investigator-confirmed HAE attacks that require conventional treatment, angioedema quality-of-life (AE-QoL) and angioedema control test (AECT) scores, and the proportion of participants with an AECT score greater than or equal to 12. KOMPLETE will be conducted at approximately 36 sites in 13 countries, and we anticipate that data from the study will be available in mid-2023.

Our oral Factor XIIa inhibitor program represents what we believe is a major breakthrough in development of a therapeutic against an important target. Factor XIIa is an enzyme that plays a key role in HAE as the most upstream mechanism in the biochemical pathway that initiates HAE attacks. For this reason, we believe that inhibition of Factor XIIa will block the underlying causes of HAE attacks, including the uncontrolled generation of both plasma kallikrein and bradykinin, which cause swelling and

pain. Clinical studies of an injectable Factor XIIa-inhibitory antibody have demonstrated a high degree of efficacy in preventing HAE attacks and there are no known safety implications of long-term inhibition of this enzyme. We believe that our program has the potential to be the first orally delivered Factor XIIa inhibitor to enter clinical development, initially for HAE and over time for additional indications that are supported by scientific evidence. Based upon our scientific review to date, we believe that Factor XIIa plays a key role in both thrombosis and other types of chronic inflammation, and we are currently working to advance preclinical models in these areas to guide further development.

Our internal research team has discovered multiple series of low nanomolar potency Factor XIIa inhibitors that are both selective and orally bioavailable. We are pursuing comprehensive intellectual property protection for this advanced medicinal chemistry program and currently anticipate filing our first IND for a Factor XIIa inhibitor candidate in 2023.

We have devoted substantially all our efforts to research and development, including clinical trials of our product candidates. We have not completed the development of any product candidates. Pharmaceutical drug product candidates, like those being developed by us, require approvals from the FDA or foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales. There can be no assurance that any product candidates will receive the necessary approvals and any failure to receive approval or delay in approval may have a material adverse impact on our business and financial results. We are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties similar to those of other life science companies developing new products, including, among others, the risks related to the necessity to obtain adequate additional financing, to successfully develop product candidates, to obtain regulatory approval of product candidates, to comply with government regulations, to successfully commercialize our potential products, to the protection of proprietary technology and to our dependence on key individuals.

The extent of the impact of the ongoing coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the pandemic, the emergence of future variant strains of COVID-19, the availability and distribution of effective medical treatments and vaccines, vaccination rates, the impact on our preclinical and clinical trials, employee or industry events, effect on our suppliers and manufacturers, and impact on the healthcare systems, all of which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. The COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse effects continue to affect the locations where we, our manufacturers, suppliers or third-party business partners conduct business. Although we have continued our operations and clinical trials to date, we have experienced, and if there are renewed or continued closures of business in the European Union, the United States or the United Kingdom, or other impacted areas, we may continue to experience, further delays in our preclinical studies or planned clinical trials, which could materially adversely impact our business, results of operations and overall financial performance in future periods. In addition, we may experience impact from changes in how we and companies worldwide conduct business due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in connection with spread and resurgence of infections, including but not limited to continued or new restrictions on travel and in-person meetings, delays in future site activations and future enrollment of clinical trials, prioritization of hospital resources toward the COVID-19 pandemic effort, delays in review by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory agencies, and disruptions in our supply chain for our product candidates. As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, the extent to which ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may impact our financial condition, results of operations or guidance is uncertain. See “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2021, for further information of the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business.

Financial Overview

Revenue

We have not generated any revenue in the current fiscal year. To date, we have not generated any revenues from the sale of products, and we do not have any products that have been approved for commercialization. We do not expect to generate product revenue unless and until we obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize, one of our current or future product candidates.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses primarily consist of costs associated with our research activities, including the preclinical and clinical development of product candidates. We contract with clinical research organizations to manage our clinical trials under agreed upon budgets for each study, with oversight by our clinical program managers. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Costs for certain research and development activities, such as manufacturing development activities and clinical studies are recognized based on the contracted amounts, as adjusted for the percentage of work completed to date. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the contractual arrangements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as prepaid or accrued expenses. We defer and capitalize non-refundable advance payments made for research and development activities until the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed.

We expect to continue to incur substantial expenses related to development activities for the foreseeable future as we conduct clinical development, manufacturing, and toxicology studies. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials, additional drug manufacturing requirements, and later stage toxicology studies such as carcinogenicity studies. The process of conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory approval is costly and time consuming. The probability of success for each product candidate is affected by numerous factors, including preclinical data, clinical data, competition, manufacturing capability and commercial viability. Accordingly, we may never succeed in achieving marketing approval for any of our product candidates.

Completion dates and costs for clinical development programs as well as our research program can vary significantly for each current and future product candidate and are difficult to predict. As a result, we cannot currently estimate with any degree of certainty the costs associated with development of our product candidates. We anticipate making determinations as to which programs and product candidates to pursue and how much funding to direct to each program and product candidate on an ongoing basis in response to the scientific success of early research programs, results of ongoing and future clinical trials, our ability to enter into collaborative agreements with respect to programs or potential product candidates, as well as ongoing assessments as to the commercial potential of each current or future product candidate.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of the costs associated with general management, obtaining and maintaining our patent portfolio, commercial planning, professional fees for accounting, auditing, consulting and legal services, and general overhead expenses.

We expect ongoing general and administrative expenses to increase in the future as we expand our operating activities, maintain and expand the patent portfolio and incur additional costs associated with the management of a public company and maintain compliance with exchange listing and SEC requirements. These potential increases will likely include management costs, legal fees, accounting fees, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance premiums, and expenses associated with investor relations, among others.

Other Income

Other income consists of interest income earned on bank interest and marketable securities, research and development tax credits from the United Kingdom government’s tax incentive programs set up to encourage research and development in the United Kingdom, and realized and unrealized exchange rate gains/losses on cash held in foreign currencies and transactions settled in foreign currencies.

Income Taxes

We historically have incurred net losses and had no corporation tax liabilities. We file U.S. Federal tax returns, as well as certain state returns. We also file returns in the United Kingdom. Under the U.K. government’s research and development tax incentive scheme, we have incurred qualifying research and development expenses and filed claims for research and development tax credits in accordance with the relevant tax legislation. The research and development tax credits are paid out to us in cash and reported as other income. Because of the operating losses and the full valuation allowance provided on all deferred tax assets, including the net operating losses, no tax provision has been recognized in the three months ended January 31, 2022.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth the key components of our results of operations for the three months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	January 31,				Increase
	2022		2021		(decrease)

Revenue	$	—	$	—		—
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses		19,738		9,097		10,641
General and administrative expenses		6,945		3,560		3,385
Other income
Interest, exchange rate gain and other income		4,216		2,609		1,607

Revenue. No revenue was recognized in the quarters ended January 31, 2022 or 2021.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses increased $10.6 million due increases in spending on KVD900 of $4.5 million, KVD824 of $1.9 million, preclinical activities of $1.8 million, and an increase in personnel costs of $2.4 million compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The impact of exchange rates on research and development expenses resulted in an increase to expenses of $0.1 million in the three months ended January 31, 2022 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, which is reflected in the figures above.

Research and development expenses by major programs or categories were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	January 31,
	2022		2021

Program-specific costs
KVD001	$	50	$	78
KVD900		7,265		2,736
KVD824		3,798		1,925
Unallocated costs
Personnel		5,250		2,764
Preclinical activities		3,375		1,594
Total	$	19,738	$	9,097

Expenses for the KVD001 program were consistent with the same period in the prior year. We anticipate that expenses will remain at a low rate as we determine next steps for the KVD001 program.

Expenses for the KVD900 program increased primarily due to preparation for the Phase 3 KONFIDENT trial that was recently initiated. We anticipate that these expenses will increase above current levels as we advance the Phase 3 clinical trial of KVD900 in 2022.

Expenses for KVD824 increased primarily due to the activities related to the ongoing Phase 2 KOMPLETE clinical trial. We anticipate that these expenses will increase above current levels as this clinical trial progresses.

Personnel expenses increased primarily due to higher research and development headcount compared to the same period in the prior year. We anticipate that these expenses will continue to increase to support the growth of the ongoing clinical trials and preclinical activity.

Expenses for preclinical activities increased primarily due to additional projects compared to the same period in the prior year. We anticipate that these expenses will continue to increase as we continue to progress our oral Factor XIIa inhibitor program and conduct other preclinical activities.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $3.4 million due to an increase in compensation expense of $1.9 million from increased headcount and stock-based compensation, an increase in professional fees of $0.6 million, an increase in commercial planning expenses of $0.5 million, an increase in facility expenses of $0.2 million, and an increase in other administrative expenses of $0.2 million. We anticipate that expenses will continue at or above current levels as we continue to expand to support the growth of the Company.

Other Income. Other income increased $1.6 million primarily due to an increase of $2.3 million in income from research and development tax credits and an increase of $0.1 million in interest income, offset by a decrease of $0.5 million in foreign currency exchange rate gains from transactions denominated in foreign currencies in our U.K. subsidiary and a decrease of $0.3 million in realized gains from the sale of available-for-sale securities.

Comparison of the nine months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth the key components of our results of operations for the nine months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	January 31,				Increase
	2022		2021		(decrease)

Revenue	$	—	$	—		—
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses		50,954		29,409		21,545
General and administrative expenses		18,848		10,472		8,376
Other income
Interest, exchange rate gain and other income		11,576		8,593		2,983

Revenue. No revenue was recognized in the nine months ended January 31, 2022 or 2021.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses increased $21.6 million due to increases in spending on KVD900 of $6.6 million, personnel costs of $6.4 million, preclinical activities of $4.9 million, and KVD824 of $3.7 million compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The impact of exchange rates on research and development expenses resulted in an increase to expenses of $2.2 million in the nine months ended January 31, 2022 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, which is reflected in the figures above.

Research and development expenses by major programs or categories were as follows (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	January 31,
	2022		2021

Program-specific costs
KVD001	$	123	$	222
KVD900		16,556		9,944
KVD824		10,277		6,594
Unallocated costs
Personnel		14,454		8,013
Preclinical activities		9,544		4,636
Total	$	50,954	$	29,409

Expenses for the KVD001 program were consistent with the same period in the prior year. We anticipate that expenses will remain at a low rate as we determine next steps for the KVD001 program.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $8.4 million due to an increase in compensation expense of $5.0 million from increased headcount and stock-based compensation, an increase in commercial planning expenses of $1.2 million, an increase in professional fees of $1.0 million, an increase in facility expenses of $0.5 million, an increase in travel expenses of $0.2 million and an increase in other administrative expenses of $0.5 million. We anticipate that expenses will continue at or above current levels as we continue to expand to support the growth of the Company.

Other Income. Other income increased $3.0 million primarily due to an increase of $4.5 million in income from research and development tax credits and an increase of $0.2 million in interest income, offset by a decrease of $1.2 million in foreign currency exchange rate gains from transactions denominated in foreign currencies in our U.K. subsidiary and a decrease of $0.5 million in realized gains from the sale of available-for-sale securities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded operations primarily through the issuance of capital stock. Our working capital, primarily cash and marketable securities, is anticipated to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months from the date these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are issued.

Cash Flows

The following table shows a summary of the net cash flow activity for the nine months ended January 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	January 31,
	2022			2021

Cash flows used in operating activities	$	(51,345	)	$	(19,126	)
Cash flows provided by investing activities		45,426			18,829
Cash flows provided by financing activities		1,443			1,809
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(539	)		426
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	(5,015	)	$	1,938

Net cash used in operating activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $51.3 million for the nine months ended January 31, 2022 and primarily consisted of a net loss of $58.2 million adjusted for stock-based compensation of $8.4 million, an increase in the research and development tax credit receivable of $1.5 million, an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $3.7 million, and other changes in net working capital. The cash flows from the research and development tax credit decreased due to the timing of the receipt of prior year tax credits offset by new tax credit deferrals as compared to the same period in the prior year. Net cash used in operating activities was $19.1 million for the nine months ended January 31, 2021 and primarily consisted of a net loss of $31.3 million adjusted for stock-based compensation expense of $3.7 million, cash flow favorable increases from the research and development tax credit receivable of $10.1 million, and other changes in net working capital.

Net cash provided by investing activities

Net cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended January 31, 2022 was $45.4 million and primarily consisted of the sales and maturities of marketable securities of $130.7 million offset by purchases of marketable securities of $84.4 million, as compared to $18.8 million provided by investing activities during the same period in the prior year primarily due to the sales and maturities of marketable securities of $45.7 million offset by purchases of marketable securities of $26.8 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2022 was $1.4 million and consisted of the issuance of common stock from equity incentive plans, compared to $1.8 million in the same period in the prior year which primarily consisted of the sale of common stock pursuant to an at-the-market sales agreement, which was terminated in February 2021.

In May 2021, we entered into a Controlled Equity Offering Sales Agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the “2021 Sales Agreement”), through which we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering of up to $100.0 million through Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., as our sales agent. We will pay the sales agents a commission of up to 3% of the gross proceeds of sales made through the 2021 Sales Agreement. During the nine months ended January 31, 2022, we did not offer or sell any shares under the 2021 Sales Agreement.

Operating Capital Requirements

To date, we have not generated any revenues from the sale of products, and we do not have any products that have been approved for commercialization. We do not expect to generate product revenue unless and until we obtain regulatory approval for, and commercialize, one of our current or future product candidates. We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future, and we expect the losses to increase as we continue the development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, product candidates, and begin to commercialize any approved products. We are subject to all of the risks inherent in the development of new therapeutic products, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other unknown factors that may adversely affect our business. We currently anticipate that, based upon our operating plans and existing capital resources, we have sufficient funding to operate for at least the next twelve months. The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and results of our preclinical and clinical development efforts, including any potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our clinical product development efforts.

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial revenues, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity and debt financings, collaborations, strategic partnerships, and licensing arrangements. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of stock or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these newly issued securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of common stockholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include increased fixed payment obligations and covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, declaring dividends, selling or licensing intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct business. Additional fundraising through collaborations, strategic partnerships or licensing arrangements with third parties may require us to relinquish valuable rights to product candidates, including our other technologies, future revenue streams or research programs, or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and commercialize other product candidates even if we would otherwise prefer to develop and commercialize such product candidates internally.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

We enter into contracts in the normal course of business with contract research organizations and clinical trial sites for the conduct of clinical trials, preclinical and clinical studies, professional consultants and other vendors for clinical supply manufacturing or other services. These contracts generally provide for termination on notice, and therefore are cancelable contracts and not included in the table of contractual obligations and commitments in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, filed with the SEC on July 13, 2021. We are party to several operating leases for office and laboratory space as of January 31, 2022.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At January 31, 2022 we were not a party to any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported revenue and expenses during the reported periods. We evaluate these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, contractual milestones

and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. See Note 2 to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a description of our significant accounting policies and assumptions used in applying those policies. The accounting policies and estimates that we deem to be critical are discussed in more detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, filed with the SEC on July 13, 2021.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Not applicable.

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of January 31, 2022. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute assurance of achieving the desired objectives. Also, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of January 31, 2022.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter ended January 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, even though most of our employees are working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the COVID-19 pandemic on our internal controls to minimize the impact on the operating effectiveness.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in the section captioned “Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, except for the following Risk Factor, which has been updated to reflect risks associated with current global conditions:

Unstable or unfavorable global market and economic conditions may have adverse consequences on our business, financial condition and stock price.

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by general conditions in the global economy and in the global financial markets. Global credit and financial markets have experienced extreme volatility and disruptions in the past several years, including severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability. We cannot assure you that further deterioration in credit and financial markets and confidence in economic conditions will not occur. Our general business strategy and stock price may be adversely affected by any such economic downturn, volatile business environment or large-scale unpredictable or unstable market conditions, including a prolonged government shutdown or as a result of a global pandemic such as the COVID-19 pandemic. While the potential economic impact brought by and the duration of the pandemic may be difficult to assess or predict, it has already caused, and is likely to result in further, significant disruption of global financial markets, which may reduce our ability to access capital either at all or on favorable terms. In addition, a recession, depression or other sustained adverse market event resulting from the spread of COVID-19 could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our common stock. If the current equity and credit markets deteriorate, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult, more costly and more dilutive. Failure to secure any necessary financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on our growth strategy, financial performance and stock price and could require us to delay or abandon development plans. There is also a risk that one or more of our current service providers, manufacturers and other partners may not survive these difficult economic times, which could directly affect our ability to attain our operating goals on schedule and on budget. In addition, regarding the current conflict in Ukraine, we do not have any clinical trial sites or operations in Ukraine or Russia. However, if the current conflict in the region continues, there is the potential for trial sites in other eastern European countries to slow or stop enrollment, or to be unable to administer our clinical trials.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in the section captioned “Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 filed with the SEC on July 13, 2021, which may materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or operating results.

Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

Item 6. EXHIBITS


		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	File No.	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed Herewith
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					X

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					X

32.1#	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.					X

101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document

101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

# This certification is deemed not filed for purpose of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	KALVISTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Date: March 10, 2022	By:	/s/ T. Andrew Crockett
		T. Andrew Crockett Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: March 10, 2022

By:

/s/ Benjamin L. Palleiko

Benjamin L. Palleiko

Chief Business Officer and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)