KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC - Quarter Report: 2020 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_________________________

FORM 10-Q



(Mark One)
x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2020
or
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number: 001-15204

Kingsway Financial Services Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_________________________



Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		85-1792291 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

150 E. Pierce Road, Itasca, IL 60143

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

1-416-848-1171

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

_________________________

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T ( 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer o	Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller Reporting Company x	Emerging Growth Company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

The number of shares, including restricted common shares, outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of July 17, 2020 was 22,711,069.



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.



Table Of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS		3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020 (unaudited) and December 31, 2019		3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)		6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)		8
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS		44
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK		56
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES		58
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION		60
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS		60
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS		60
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS		60
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES		60
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES		60
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION		60
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS		61
SIGNATURES		62



	2



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)



	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
	(unaudited)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost of $15,065 and $22,136, respectively)	$	15,247		$	22,195
Equity investments, at fair value (cost of $2,895 and $2,895, respectively)	1,825			2,421
Limited liability investments	3,776			3,841
Limited liability investments, at fair value	30,986			29,078
Investments in private companies, at adjusted cost	1,364			2,035
Real estate investments, at fair value (cost of $10,225 and $10,225, respectively)	10,662			10,662
Other investments, at cost which approximates fair value	841			1,009
Short-term investments, at cost which approximates fair value	156			155
Total investments	64,857			71,396
Cash and cash equivalents	14,036			13,478
Restricted cash	17,891			12,183
Accrued investment income	562			562
Service fee receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $792 and $634, respectively	3,262			3,400
Other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $201 and $201, respectively	11,739			14,013
Deferred acquisition costs, net	8,744			8,604
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $21,596 and $20,503, respectively	98,011			99,064
Right-of-use asset	3,178			3,327
Goodwill	82,104			82,104
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $13,716 and $13,142, respectively	85,850			86,424
Other assets	4,855			5,068
Total Assets	$	395,089		$	399,623
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	27,266			26,993
Income taxes payable	2,805			2,758
Deferred service fees	56,219			56,252
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses	1,691			1,774
Bank loans	8,727			9,240
Notes payable	193,418			194,634
Subordinated debt, at fair value	40,387			54,655
Lease liability	3,392			3,529
Net deferred income tax liabilities	29,146			29,015
Total Liabilities	363,051			378,850

Redeemable Class A preferred stock, no par value; 1,000,000 and 1,000,000 authorized at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; 182,876 and 222,876 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; redemption amount of $6,400 and $7,696 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	5,815			6,819

Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, no par value; 50,000,000 and 50,000,000 authorized at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; 22,211,069 and 21,866,959 issued and outstanding at March 31, 20120 and December 31, 2019, respectively	—			—
Additional paid-in capital	355,067			354,101
Treasury stock, at cost; 247,450 and 247,450 outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	(492		)	(492		)
Accumulated deficit	(389,196		)	(388,082		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	47,078			35,347
Shareholders' equity attributable to common shareholders	12,457			874
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries	13,766			13,080
Total Shareholders' Equity	26,223			13,954
Total Liabilities, Class A preferred stock and Shareholders' Equity	$	395,089		$	399,623

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.



	3



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020				2019
Revenues:

Service fee and commission income	$	11,186			$	9,815
Rental income	3,341				3,341
Other income	142				145
Total revenues	14,669				13,301
Operating expenses:
Claims authorized on vehicle service agreements	2,380				1,887
Loss and loss adjustment expenses	13				107
Commissions	1,303				918
Cost of services sold	403				1,359
General and administrative expenses	10,693				8,402
Leased real estate segment interest expense	1,499				1,527
Total operating expenses	16,291				14,200
Operating loss	(1,622		)		(899		)
Other revenues (expenses), net:
Net investment income	719			—	699
Net realized gains	208			—	315
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments	(597		)	—	78
Gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value	1,899				4,265
Net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments	(670		)		19
Other-than-temporary impairment loss	(117		)	—	(75		)
Non-operating other income	39			—	154
Interest expense not allocated to segments	(2,153		)		(2,102		)
Amortization of intangible assets	(574		)		(521		)
Gain on change in fair value of debt	2,645				576
Equity in net loss of investee	—				(33		)
Total other revenues, net	1,399				3,375
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)	(223		)		2,476
Income tax expense (benefit)	170				(713		)
Net (loss) income	(393		)		3,189
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries	721				211
Less: dividends on preferred stock	377				246
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(1,491	)		$	2,732
(Loss) earnings per share – net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders:
Basic:	$	(0.07	)		$	0.13
Diluted:	$	(0.07	)		$	0.13
Weighted-average shares outstanding (in ‘000s):
Basic:	22,069				21,841
Diluted:	22,069				21,841

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.



	4



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019

Net (loss) income	$	(393	)	$	3,189
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes⁽¹⁾:
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale investments:
Unrealized gains arising during the period	55			111
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income	61			(6		)
Change in fair value of debt attributable to instrument-specific credit risk	11,623			(945		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	11,739			(840		)
Comprehensive income	11,346			2,349
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries	729			217
Comprehensive income attributable to common shareholders	$	10,617		$	2,132
(1) Net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements



	5



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity

(in thousands, except share data)



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Treasury Stock			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Shareholders' Equity Attributable to Common Shareholders			Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries			Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance, December 31, 2019	21,866,959	$	—	$	354,101		$	(492	)	$	(388,082	)	$	35,347	$	874		$	13,080		$	13,954
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of share settlements for tax withholdings	94,110	—		—			—			—			—		—			—			—
Conversion of redeemable Class A preferred stock to common stock	250,000	—		1,381			—			—			—		1,381			—			1,381
Net (loss) income	—	—		—			—			(1,114		)	—		(1,114		)	721			(393		)
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		(377		)	—			—			—		(377		)	—			(377		)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders	—	—		—			—			—			—		—			(43		)	(43		)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—			—			—			11,731		11,731			8			11,739
Stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures	—	—		(38		)	—			—			—		(38		)	—			(38		)
Balance, March 31, 2020	22,211,069	$	—	$	355,067		$	(492	)	$	(389,196	)	$	47,078	$	12,457		$	13,766		$	26,223



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Treasury Stock		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Shareholders' Equity Attributable to Common Shareholders			Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries		Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance, December 31, 2018	21,787,728	$	—	$	353,890		$	—	$	(382,196	)	$	40,768		$	12,462		$	11,796	$	24,258
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of share settlements for tax withholdings	79,231	—		—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Net income	—	—		—			—		2,978			—			2,978			211		3,189
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		(246		)	—		—			—			(246		)	—		(246		)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	—	—		—			—		—			(846		)	(846		)	6		(840		)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		242			—		—			—			242			—		242
Balance, March 31, 2019	21,866,959	$	—	$	353,886		$	—	$	(379,218	)	$	39,922		$	14,590		$	12,013	$	26,603

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements



	6



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(393	)	$	3,189
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Equity in net loss of investee	—			33
Equity in net (income) loss of limited liability investments	(23		)	18
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,667			1,606
Stock-based compensation (benefit) expense, net of forfeitures	(38		)	242
Net realized gains	(208		)	(315		)
Loss (gain) on change in fair value of equity investments	597			(78		)
Gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value	(1,899		)	(4,265		)
Net change in unrealized loss (gain) on private company investments	670			(19		)
Gain on change in fair value of debt	(2,645		)	(576		)
Deferred income taxes, adjusted for Geminus liabilities assumed	131			(849		)
Other-than-temporary impairment loss	117			75
Amortization of fixed maturities premiums and discounts	31			6
Amortization of note payable premium	(225		)	(231		)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Service fee receivable, net, adjusted for Geminus assets acquired	138			(1,071		)
Other receivables, net, adjusted for Geminus assets acquired	2,274			(783		)
Deferred acquisition costs, net	(140		)	(316		)
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses	(83		)	(634		)
Deferred service fees, adjusted for Geminus liabilities assumed	(33		)	1,749
Other, net, adjusted for Geminus assets acquired and liabilities assumed	675			(708		)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	613			(2,927		)
Investing activities:
Proceeds from sales and maturities of fixed maturities	8,646			2,694
Purchases of fixed maturities	(1,549		)	(6,104		)
Net proceeds from limited liability investments	87			—
Net proceeds from limited liability investments, at fair value	77			249
Net proceeds from investments in private companies	60			249
Net proceeds from other investments	52			1,335
Net (purchases of) proceeds from short-term investments	(1		)	7
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	—			(4,321		)
Net purchases of property and equipment, adjusted for Geminus assets acquired	(40		)	(16		)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	7,332			(5,907		)
Financing activities:
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders	(43		)	—
Taxes paid related to net share settlements of restricted stock awards	(83		)	(89		)
Principal proceeds from bank loan, net of debt issuance costs of $981	—			9,019
Principal payments on bank loans	(562		)	(250		)
Principal payments on notes payable	(991		)	(894		)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(1,679		)	7,786
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	6,266			(1,048		)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	25,661			31,578
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	31,927		$	30,530

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.



	7



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

NOTE 1 BUSINESS

Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (the "Company" or "Kingsway") was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on September 19, 1989. Effective December 31, 2018, the Company changed its jurisdiction of incorporation from the province of Ontario, Canada, to the State of Delaware. Kingsway is a holding company with operating subsidiaries located in the United States. The Company owns or controls subsidiaries primarily in the extended warranty, asset management and real estate industries.

NOTE 2 BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements of the Company. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included within our Annual Report on Form 10-K ("2019 Annual Report") for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, as well as certain variable interest entities as further described in Note 6, "Variable Interest Entities," to the consolidated financial statements in the 2019 Annual Report. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in estimates are recorded in the accounting period in which they are determined. The critical accounting estimates and assumptions in the accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements include the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses; valuation of fixed maturities and equity investments; impairment assessment of investments; valuation of limited liability investments, at fair value; valuation of real estate investments; valuation of deferred income taxes; valuation of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock; valuation and impairment assessment of intangible assets; goodwill recoverability; deferred acquisition costs; fair value assumptions for subordinated debt obligations; fair value assumptions for warrant liability; and revenue recognition.

The fair values of the Company's investments in fixed maturities and equity investments, limited liability investments, at fair value, real estate investments, subordinated debt and warrant liability are estimated using a fair value hierarchy to categorize the inputs it uses in valuation techniques. Fair values for other investments approximate their unpaid principal balance. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets approximate fair values for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments and certain other assets and other liabilities because of their short-term nature.

The Company's financial results contained herein are reported in U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated.

NOTE 3 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Except as set forth below there have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies as reported in our 2019 Annual Report.

Holding Company Liquidity

The Company's Extended Warranty subsidiaries fund their obligations primarily through service fee and commission income. The Company's Leased Real Estate subsidiary funds its obligations through rental income. The Company's insurance subsidiaries fund their obligations primarily through investment income and maturities in the investments portfolios.

The liquidity of the holding company is managed separately from its subsidiaries. The obligations of the holding company primarily consist of holding company operating expenses; transaction-related expenses; investments; and any other extraordinary demands on the holding company.



	8



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Actions available to the holding company to increase liquidity in order to meet its obligations include the sale of passive investments; sale of subsidiaries; issuance of debt or equity securities; distributions from the Company’s Extended Warranty subsidiaries, subject to certain restrictions; and giving notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters on the six subsidiary trusts of the Company’s subordinated debt, which right the Company exercised during the third quarter of 2018.

Dividends from the Leased Real Estate segment are not generally considered a source of liquidity for the holding company, except upon the occurrence of certain events that would trigger payment of service fees. There can be no assurance as to the timing of the occurrence, or the resulting outcome, from one of these events.

The holding company’s liquidity, defined as the amount of cash in the bank accounts of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and Kingsway America Inc., was $4.0 million and $2.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, which excludes future actions available to the holding company that could be taken to increase liquidity and reflects approximately nine months of operating cash outflows. These amounts are reflected in the cash and cash equivalents of $14.0 million and $13.5 million reported at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash other than the holding company’s liquidity represent restricted and unrestricted cash held by Kingsway Amigo Insurance Company ("Amigo"), Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation and the Company’s Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate segments.

As of March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020, there are 182,876 shares of the Company’s Class A Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Shares"), issued and outstanding. Any outstanding Preferred Shares would be required to be redeemed by the Company on April 1, 2021 ("Redemption Date") at a redemption value of $6.7 million (assuming all current outstanding Preferred Shares would be redeemed), if the Company has sufficient legally available funds to do so. Additionally, the Company has exercised its right to defer payment of interest on its outstanding subordinated debt ("trust preferred securities") and, because of the deferral which totaled $10.4 million at March 31, 2020, the Company is prohibited from redeeming any shares of its capital stock while payment of interest on the trust preferred securities is being deferred. If, as of April 1, 2021, the Company was required to pay both the deferred interest on the trust preferred securities and redeem all the Preferred Shares currently outstanding, then the Company currently projects that it would not have sufficient legally available funds to do so. However, the Company would be prohibited from doing so under Delaware law and, as such, (a) the interest estimated to be $14.9 million on March 31, 2021 on the trust preferred securities would remain on deferral as permitted under the indentures and (b) in accordance with Delaware law the Preferred Shares would not be redeemed on the Redemption Date (with a redemption value of $6.7 million) and would instead remain outstanding and continue to accrue dividends until such time as the Company has sufficient legally available funds to redeem the Preferred Shares and is not otherwise prohibited from doing so. In such a situation, the Company would continue to operate in the ordinary course.

The Company notes there are several variables to consider in such a situation, and management is currently exploring the following opportunities: negotiating with the holders of the Preferred Shares with respect to the Redemption Date and/or other key provisions, raising additional funds through capital market transactions, as well as the Company’s continued strategy of working to monetize its non-core investments while attempting to maximize the tradeoff between liquidity and value received. The Company also notes that the conversion of any Preferred Shares that might occur prior to April 1, 2021 would impact its analysis as of April 1, 2021.

Based on the Company’s current business plan and revenue prospects, existing cash, cash equivalents, investment balances and anticipated cash flows from operations are expected to be sufficient to meet the Company’s working capital and operating expenditure requirements, excluding the cash that may be required to redeem the Preferred Shares and deferred interest on its trust preferred securities, for the next twelve months. However, the Company’s assessment could also be affected by various risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

NOTE 4 RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

(a) Adoption of New Accounting Standards:

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 was issued to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. This update changes the impairment test by requiring an entity to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount as opposed to comparing the carrying amount of goodwill with its implied fair value. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.



	9



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2018-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities ("ASU 2018-17"). Among other things, ASU 2018-17 changes how all entities that apply the variable interest entity ("VIE") guidance evaluate decision making fees. Under ASU 2018-17, when an entity determines whether a decision-making fee is a variable interest, it considers indirect interests held through related parties under common control on a proportionate basis rather than in their entirety. The new approach is consistent with how indirect interests held by related parties under common control are evaluated when determining whether a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The adoption of ASU 2018-17 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value. The requirements to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements have all been removed. However, the changes in unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period must be disclosed along with the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements (or other quantitative information if it is more reasonable). Finally, for investments measured at net asset value, the requirements have been modified so that the timing of liquidation and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse are only disclosed if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly. As the amendments are only disclosure related, the effect of adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

(b) Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted:

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 replaces the current incurred loss model used to measure impairment losses with an expected loss model for trade, reinsurance, and other receivables as well as financial instruments measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 will require a financial asset measured at amortized cost, including reinsurance balances recoverable, to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by means of an allowance for credit losses that runs through net loss. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will also be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. However, the amendments would limit the amount of the allowance to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. The measurement of credit losses on available-for-sale investments is similar under current GAAP, but the update requires the use of the allowance account through which amounts can be reversed, rather than through irreversible write-downs. On November 15, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, which (1) provides a framework to stagger effective dates for future major accounting standards and (2) amends the effective dates for certain major new accounting standards to give implementation relief to certain types of entities. Specifically, per ASU 2019-10 the Company would adopt ASU 2016-13 beginning January 1, 2023, as the Company is considered to be a smaller reporting company. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2016-13 to determine the potential impact that adopting this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 5 ACQUISITION AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

(a) Acquisition

Geminus Holdings Company, Inc.:

On March 1, 2019, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Geminus Holding Company, Inc. ("Geminus") for cash consideration of $8.4 million, comprised of $7.7 million of cash and an installment payable to the seller of $0.7 million due February 15, 2020. The payable to seller was paid in full by February 15, 2020.

As further discussed in Note 20, "Segmented Information," Geminus is included in the Extended Warranty segment. Geminus is a specialty, full-service provider of vehicle service agreements and other finance and insurance products to used car buyers around the country. Geminus, headquartered in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, has been creating, marketing and administering these products on high-mileage used cars through its subsidiaries, The Penn Warranty Corporation ("Penn") and Prime Auto Care, Inc. ("Prime"), since 1988. Penn and Prime distribute these products via independent used car dealerships and franchised car dealerships, respectively. This acquisition allows the Company to grow its portfolio of warranty companies and further expand into the vehicle service agreement business.

This acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill of $7.4 million was recognized, and $5.7 million of separately identifiable intangible assets were recognized resulting from the



	10



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

valuations of acquired customer relationships and trade names. Refer to Note 9, "Intangible Assets," for further disclosure of the intangible assets related to this acquisition. The goodwill represents the premium paid over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired, which the Company paid to grow its portfolio of warranty companies and acquire an assembled workforce. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:



(in thousands)
	March 1, 2019
Investments	$	4,405
Cash and cash equivalents	755
Restricted cash	2,650
Accrued investment income	32
Service fee receivable	513
Other receivables	12
Property and equipment, net	79
Goodwill	7,445
Intangible assets not subject to amortization - trade names	1,974
Intangible asset subject to amortization - customer relationships	3,732
Other assets	620
Total assets	$	22,217

Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	2,018
Income taxes payable	1
Deferred service fees	10,564
Net deferred income tax liabilities	1,263
Total liabilities	$	13,846

Purchase price	$	8,371

The consolidated statements of operations include the earnings of Geminus from the date of acquisition. From the date of acquisition through March 31, 2019, Geminus earned revenue of $0.9 million and net income of $0.6 million.

(b) Discontinued Operations

Mendota Insurance Company, Mendakota Insurance Company and Mendakota Casualty Company:

On July 16, 2018, the Company announced it had entered into a definitive agreement to sell its non-standard automobile insurance companies Mendota Insurance Company, Mendakota Insurance Company and Mendakota Casualty Company (collectively "Mendota"). On October 18, 2018, the Company completed the previously announced sale of Mendota. As a result of this announcement, Mendota, which was previously disclosed as part of the Insurance Underwriting segment, has been classified as a discontinued operation, and the results of their operations are reported separately for all periods presented. The Company recognized a loss on disposal of Mendota of zero for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019. The Company recognized a loss on disposal of Mendota of $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The final aggregate purchase price of $28.6 million was redeployed primarily to acquire equity investments, limited liability investments, limited liability investment, at fair value and other investments, which were owned by Mendota at the time of the closing, and to fund $5.0 million into an escrow account to be used to satisfy potential indemnity obligations under the definitive stock purchase agreement. As part of the transaction, the Company will indemnify the buyer for any loss and loss adjustment expenses with respect to open claims and certain specified claims in excess of Mendota's carried unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses at June 30, 2018. The maximum obligation to the Company with respect to the open claims is $2.5 million. There is no maximum obligation to the Company with respect to the specified claims. During the first quarter of 2019, Mendota settled one of the two specified claims for $0.5 million, resulting in no loss to the Company. During the fourth quarter of 2019, Mendota notified the Company that Mendota had entered into an agreement to settle the remaining specified claim for $1.6 million. Net



	11



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

of expenses, the Company recorded a loss of $1.5 million related to the settlement of the remaining specified claim, which is reported as loss on disposal of discontinued operations in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. The $1.6 million settlement was funded from the $5.0 million escrow account, and the $3.4 million remaining in the escrow account was released to the Company during the first quarter of 2020 consistent with the terms of the escrow agreement.

NOTE 6 INVESTMENTS

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair value of the Company's available-for-sale investments at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized in the tables shown below:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	$	5,503	$	126	$	—	$	5,629
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	600		3		—		603
Mortgage-backed	4,009		48		3		4,054
Corporate	4,953		22		14		4,961
Total fixed maturities	$	15,065	$	199	$	17	$	15,247



(in thousands)	December 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	$	13,246	$	74	$	4	$	13,316
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	601		—		1		600
Mortgage-backed	2,951		2		14		2,939
Corporate	5,338		8		6		5,340
Total fixed maturities	$	22,136	$	84	$	25	$	22,195

The table below summarizes the Company's fixed maturities at March 31, 2020 by contractual maturity periods. Actual results may differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturity of these obligations.



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	4,166	$	4,183
Due after one year through five years	9,530		9,676
Due after five years through ten years	538		549
Due after ten years	831		839
Total	$	15,065	$	15,247



	12



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The following tables highlight the aggregate unrealized loss position, by security type, of available-for-sale investments in unrealized loss positions as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The tables segregate the holdings based on the period of time the investments have been continuously held in unrealized loss positions.



(in thousands)									March 31, 2020
	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Fixed maturities:
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	$	100	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	100	$	—
Mortgage-backed	354		3		149		—		503		3
Corporate	1,176		12		199		2		1,375		14
Total fixed maturities	$	1,630	$	15	$	348	$	2	$	1,978	$	17



(in thousands)									December 31, 2019
	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	$	305	$	—	$	1,002	$	4	$	1,307	$	4
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	—		—		453		1		453		1
Mortgage-backed	1,063		1		1,271		13		2,334		14
Corporate	2,495		4		526		2		3,021		6
Total fixed maturities	$	3,863	$	5	$	3,252	$	20	$	7,115	$	25

There are approximately 14 and 48 individual available-for-sale investments that were in unrealized loss positions as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The establishment of an other-than-temporary impairment on an investment requires a number of judgments and estimates. The Company performs a quarterly analysis of the individual investments to determine if declines in market value are other-than-temporary. The analysis includes some or all of the following procedures as deemed appropriate by the Company:


•	identifying all unrealized loss positions that have existed for at least six months;


•	identifying other circumstances management believes may affect the recoverability of the unrealized loss positions;


•	obtaining a valuation analysis from third-party investment managers regarding the intrinsic value of these investments based on their knowledge and experience together with market-based valuation techniques;


•	reviewing the trading range of certain investments over the preceding calendar period;


•	assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for debt instruments based on the investment grade credit ratings from third-party rating agencies;


•	assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for any debt instrument with a non-investment grade credit rating based on the continuity of its debt service record;


•	determining the necessary provision for declines in market value that are considered other-than-temporary based on the analyses performed; and


•	assessing the Company's ability and intent to hold these investments at least until any potential investment impairment is recovered.

The risks and uncertainties inherent in the assessment methodology used to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary include, but may not be limited to, the following:


•	the opinions of professional investment managers could be incorrect;


•	the past trading patterns of individual investments may not reflect future valuation trends;



	13



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020


•	the credit ratings assigned by independent credit rating agencies may be incorrect due to unforeseen or unknown facts related to a company's financial situation; and


•	the debt service pattern of non-investment grade instruments may not reflect future debt service capabilities and may not reflect a company's unknown underlying financial problems.

As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the Company recorded write-downs of $0.1 million and zero for other-than-temporary impairment related to other investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and zero and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to limited liability investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively. There were no write-downs recorded for other-than-temporary impairments related to available-for sale investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

The Company has reviewed currently available information regarding investments with estimated fair values less than their carrying amounts and believes these unrealized losses are not other-than-temporary and are primarily due to temporary market and sector-related factors rather than to issuer-specific factors. The Company does not intend to sell those investments, and it is not likely it will be required to sell those investments before recovery of its amortized cost.

The Company does not have any exposure to subprime mortgage-backed investments.

Limited liability investments include investments in limited liability companies and limited partnerships. The Company's interests in these investments are not deemed minor and, therefore, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The most recently available financial statements are used in applying the equity method. The difference between the end of the reporting period of the limited liability entities and that of the Company is no more than three months. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value of limited liability investments totaled $3.8 million and $3.8 million, respectively. Income or loss from limited liability investments is recognized based on the Company's share of the earnings of the limited liability entities and is included in net investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. At March 31, 2020, the Company has no unfunded commitments related to limited liability investments.

Limited liability investments, at fair value represents the underlying investments of the Company’s consolidated entities Net Lease Investment Grade Portfolio LLC ("Net Lease") and Argo Holdings Fund I, LLC ("Argo Holdings"). Prior to the fourth quarter of 2019, limited liability investments, at fair value included the Company's investment in 1347 Investors LLC ("1347 Investors").

The fair value of the Company's investment in 1347 Investors was calculated based on a model that distributed the net equity of 1347 Investors to all classes of membership interests. The model used quoted market prices and significant market observable inputs. The most significant input to the model was the observed stock price of Limbach Holdings, Inc. ("Limbach") common stock.

During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company’s investment in 1347 Investors was dissolved, which resulted in the Company holding shares of Limbach common stock directly. Through the first quarter of 2020, the Limbach common stock price has declined, which has resulted in a loss on change in fair value of $0.6 million.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value of the Company's limited liability investments, at fair value was $31.0 million and $29.1 million, respectively. The Company recorded no impairments related to limited liability investments, at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020, the Company has no unfunded commitments to fund limited liability investments, at fair value.

Investments in private companies consist of convertible preferred stocks and notes in privately owned companies and investments in limited liability companies in which the Company’s interests are deemed minor. The Company's investments in private companies do not have readily determinable fair values. The Company has elected to record investments in private companies at cost, adjusted for observable price changes and impairments. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value of the Company's investments in private companies totaled $1.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, the Company recorded adjustments of zero and less than $0.1 million, respectively, to adjust the fair value of certain investments in private companies for observable price changes, which are included in net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company performs a quarterly impairment analysis of its investments in private companies. The analysis includes some or all of the following procedures as deemed appropriate by the Company:


•	the opinions of external investment and portfolio managers;


•	the financial condition and prospects of the investee;



	14



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020


•	recent operating trends and forecasted performance of the investee;


•	current market conditions in the geographic area or industry in which the investee operates;


•	changes in credit ratings; and


•	changes in the regulatory environment.

As a result of the analysis performed, the Company recorded impairments related to investments in private companies of $0.7 million and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, which are included in net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments in the consolidated statements of operations. The impairment recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is a result of the impact of COVID-19 on the investment's underlying business.

Real estate investments are reported at fair value. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value of the Company's real estate investments totaled $10.7 million.

Other investments include collateral loans and are reported at their unpaid principal balance. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value of other investments totaled $0.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

Net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 is comprised as follows:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Investment income:
Interest from fixed maturities	$	102		$	73
Dividends	45			58
Income (loss) from limited liability investments	23			(18		)
Income from limited liability investments, at fair value	234			235
Income from real estate investments	200			200
Other	127			178
Gross investment income	731			726
Investment expenses	(12		)	(27		)
Net investment income	$	719		$	699

Gross realized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, limited liability investments, limited liability investments, at fair value and investments in private companies for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 are comprised as follows:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
Gross realized gains	$	208	$	315
Gross realized losses	—		—
Net realized gains gains	$	208	$	315

(Loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 is comprised as follows:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net losses recognized on equity investments sold during the period	$	—		$	—
Change in unrealized (losses) gains on equity investments held at end of the period	(597		)	78
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments	$	(597	)	$	78

Short-term investments and fixed maturities with an estimated fair value of $0.2 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, were on deposit with state and provincial regulatory authorities.



	15



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The Company also has restricted cash of $17.9 million and $12.2 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Included in restricted cash are (i) zero and $1.1 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, held in escrow as part of the transaction to sell Mendota; (ii) $15.3 million and $8.6 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, held as deposits by IWS Acquisition Corporation ("IWS"), Professional Warranty Service Corporation ("PWSC"), and Geminus; (iii) $2.0 million and $1.9 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, on deposit with state and provincial regulatory authorities; and (iv) $0.6 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, pledged to third-parties as deposits or to collateralize liabilities. Collateral pledging transactions are conducted under terms that are common and customary to standard collateral pledging and are subject to the Company's standard risk management controls.

Impact of COVID-19 on Investments

As discussed in Note 24, "Subsequent Events," in March 2020 the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of the coronavirus was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, and the outbreak has become increasingly widespread in the United States, including in the markets in which we operate. The COVID-19 outbreak has had a notable impact on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary closures of many businesses; "shelter in place" and other governmental regulations; and reduced consumer spending due to both job losses and other effects attributable to COVID-19. There remain many unknowns.

The Company continues to assess the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic may have on the value of its various investments, which could result in future material decreases in the underlying investment values. Such decreases may be considered temporary or could be deemed to be other-than-temporary, and management may be required to record write-downs of the related investments in future reporting periods.

NOTE 7 INVESTMENT IN INVESTEE

The Company formerly held an investment in the common stock of Itasca Capital Ltd. ("ICL") that was recorded as investment in investee in the consolidated balance sheets. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company sold its remaining investment in the common stock of ICL. See Note 22(b), "Related Parties," for more information. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, equity in net loss of investee was less than $0.1 million.

NOTE 8 DEFERRED ACQUISITION COSTS

Deferred acquisition costs consist primarily of commissions and agency expenses incurred related to successful efforts to acquire vehicle service agreements and are amortized over the period in which the related revenues are earned in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

The components of deferred acquisition costs and the related amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 are comprised as follows:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Beginning balance, net	$	8,604		$	6,904
Additions	1,096			1,201
Amortization	(956		)	(885		)
Balance at March 31, net	$	8,744		$	7,220



	16



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

NOTE 9 INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are comprised as follows:



(in thousands)			March 31, 2020
	Gross Carrying Value			Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Database	$	4,918		$	3,628	$	1,290
Vehicle service agreements in-force	3,680			3,680		—
Customer relationships	12,646			6,044		6,602
In-place lease	1,125			234		891
Non-compete	266			130		136
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Tenant relationship	73,667			—		73,667
Trade names	3,264			—		3,264
Total	$	99,566		$	13,716	$	85,850



(in thousands)			December 31, 2019
	Gross Carrying Value			Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Database	$	4,918		$	3,505	$	1,413
Vehicle service agreements in-force	3,680			3,680		—
Customer relationships	12,646			5,622		7,024
In-place lease	1,125			218		907
Non-compete	266			117		149
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Tenant relationship	73,667			—		73,667
Trade names	3,264			—		3,264
Total	$	99,566		$	13,142	$	86,424

As further discussed in Note 5, "Acquisition and Discontinued Operations," during the first quarter of 2019, the Company recorded $5.7 million of separately identifiable intangible assets, related to acquired customer relationships and trade names, as part of the acquisition of Geminus. The customer relationships intangible asset of $3.7 million is being amortized over ten years based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are expected to be consumed. The trade name intangible assets of $2.0 million are deemed to have indefinite useful lives and are not amortized.

The Company's other intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized either based on the patterns in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are expected to be consumed or using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from 5 to 18 years. Amortization of intangible assets was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

The tenant relationship and trade names intangible assets have indefinite useful lives and are not amortized. No impairment charges were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019.



	17



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

NOTE 10 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are comprised as follows:



(in thousands)					March 31, 2020
	Total Property and Equipment
	Cost		Accumulated Depreciation			Carrying Value
Land	$	21,120	$	—		$	21,120
Site improvements	91,308		15,328			75,980
Buildings	580		54			526
Leasehold improvements	159		111			48
Furniture and equipment	1,127		1,019			108
Computer hardware	5,313		5,084			229
Total	$	119,607	$	21,596		$	98,011



(in thousands)			December 31, 2019
	Total Property and Equipment
	Cost			Accumulated Depreciation		Carrying Value
Land	$	21,120		$	—	$	21,120
Site improvements	91,308			14,295		77,013
Buildings	580			50		530
Leasehold improvements	156			109		47
Furniture and equipment	1,121			1,010		111
Computer hardware	5,282			5,039		243
Total	$	119,567		$	20,503	$	99,064

NOTE 11 VEHICLE SERVICE AGREEMENT LIABILITY

Vehicle service agreement fees include the fees collected to cover the costs of future automobile mechanical breakdown claims and the associated administration of those claims. Vehicle service agreement fees are initially recorded as deferred service fees. On a quarterly basis, the Company compares the remaining deferred service fees balance to the estimated amount of expected future claims under the vehicle service agreement contracts and records an additional accrual if the deferred service fees balance is less than expected future claims costs.

In certain jurisdictions the Company is required to refund to a customer a pro-rata share of the vehicle service agreement fees if a customer cancels the agreement prior to the end of the term. Depending on the jurisdiction, the Company may be entitled to deduct from the refund a cancellation fee and/or amounts for claims incurred prior to cancellation. While refunds vary depending on the term and type of product offered, historically refunds have averaged 9% to 13% of the original amount of the vehicle service agreement fee. Revenues recorded by the Company are net of refunds and the associated refund liability is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. The Company estimates refunds based on the actual historical refund rates by warranty type taking into consideration current observable refund trends in estimating the expected amount of future customer refunds to be paid at each reporting period.



	18



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

A reconciliation of the changes in the vehicle service agreement liability, including deferred service fees related to vehicle service agreements, as of March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 were as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Balance at January 1, net	$	51,723		$	43,734
Vehicle service agreement liability acquired during the year related to the purchase of Geminus	—			10,792
Gross service fees for vehicle service agreements sold	4,666			6,055
Recognition of service fees on vehicle service agreements	(5,701		)	(5,367		)
Liability for claims authorized on vehicle service agreements	2,380			1,887
Payments of claims authorized on vehicle service agreements	(1,475		)	(970		)
Re-estimation of deferred service fees	(121		)	(148		)
Balance at March 31, net	$	51,472		$	55,983

The vehicle service agreement liability is presented as components of deferred services fees and accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Deferred service fees	$	50,946	$	51,226
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	526		497
Balance at end of period, net	$	51,472	$	51,723

NOTE 12 UNPAID LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES

The establishment of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is based on known facts and interpretation of circumstances and is, therefore, a complex and dynamic process influenced by a large variety of factors. These factors include the Company's experience with similar cases and historical trends involving loss payment patterns, pending levels of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, product mix or concentration, loss severity and loss frequency patterns.

Other factors include the continually evolving and changing regulatory and legal environment; actuarial studies; professional experience and expertise of the Company's claims departments' personnel and independent adjusters retained to handle individual claims; the quality of the data used for projection purposes; existing claims management practices including claims-handling and settlement practices; the effect of inflationary trends on future loss settlement costs; court decisions; economic conditions; and public attitudes.

Consequently, the process of determining the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses necessarily involves risks that the actual loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred by the Company will deviate, perhaps materially, from the estimates recorded.

The Company's evaluation of the adequacy of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses includes a re-estimation of the liability for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses relating to each preceding financial year compared to the liability that was previously established.



	19



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The results of this comparison and the changes in the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of amounts recoverable from reinsurers, as of March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 were as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Balance at beginning of period, gross	$	1,774		$	2,073
Less reinsurance recoverable related to unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses	—			—
Balance at beginning of period, net	1,774			2,073
Incurred related to:
Current year	—			—
Prior years	13			107
Paid related to:
Current year	—			—
Prior years	(96		)	(741		)
Balance at end of period, net	1,691			1,439
Plus reinsurance recoverable related to unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses	—			—
Balance at end of period, gross	$	1,691		$	1,439

The Company reported unfavorable development on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively. The unfavorable development for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 was related to an increase in loss adjustment expenses at Amigo.

NOTE 13 DEBT

Debt consists of the following instruments at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020						December 31, 2019
	Principal		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Principal		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Bank loans:
PWSC Loan	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	437	$	437	$	435
KWH Loan	9,500		8,727		10,966		9,625		8,803		11,820
Total bank loans	9,500		8,727		10,966		10,062		9,240		12,255
Notes payable:
Mortgage	168,938		177,192		182,941		169,818		178,297		182,265
Flower Note	7,226		7,226		7,890		7,337		7,337		8,071
Net Lease Note	9,000		9,000		8,785		9,000		9,000		9,396
Total notes payable	185,164		193,418		199,616		186,155		194,634		199,732
Subordinated debt	90,500		40,387		40,387		90,500		54,655		54,655
Total	$	285,164	$	242,532	$	250,969	$	286,717	$	258,529	$	266,642



	20



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Subordinated debt mentioned above consists of the following trust preferred debt instruments:



Issuer	Principal (in thousands)		Issue date	Interest	Redemption date
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust I	$	15,000	12/4/2002	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 4.00% payable quarterly	12/4/2032
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust II	$	17,500	5/15/2003	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 4.10% payable quarterly	5/15/2033
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust III	$	20,000	10/29/2003	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 3.95% payable quarterly	10/29/2033
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust III	$	15,000	5/22/2003	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 4.20% payable quarterly	5/22/2033
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust IV	$	10,000	9/30/2003	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 3.85% payable quarterly	9/30/2033
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust VI	$	13,000	12/16/2003	annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, plus 4.00% payable quarterly	1/8/2034

(a) Bank loans:

As part of the acquisition of PWSC on October 12, 2017, the Company borrowed a principal amount of $5.0 million from a bank at a fixed interest rate of 5.0% (the "PWSC Loan"). The carrying value of the PWSC Loan represents its unpaid principal balance. The fair value of the PWSC Loan disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of B and B minus rated industrial bonds with similar maturities. The PWSC Loan was scheduled to mature on October 12, 2022; however, the remaining principal was fully repaid on January 30, 2020.

As part of the acquisition of Geminus on March 1, 2019, the Company formed Kingsway Warranty Holdings LLC ("KWH") and contributed IWS and Trinity Warranty Solutions LLC (Trinity") to KWH, which then borrowed a principal amount of $10.0 million from a bank at an annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, having a floor of 2.00%, plus 9.25% (the "KWH Loan"), using most of the proceeds to acquire Geminus. The KWH Loan matures on March 1, 2024. As part of the KWH Loan, KWH also issued warrants (the "KWH Warrants") to the lender exercisable to purchase an aggregate 1.25% membership interest in KWH. The Company allocated $0.4 million of the KWH loan proceeds to a liability, recorded as part of accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, to reflect the estimated fair value of the KWH Warrants, as the warrants contain a put right exercisable by the holder. Changes in the estimated fair value of the KWH Warrants are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company also recorded as a discount to the carrying value of the KWH Loan issuance costs of $1.0 million specifically related to the KWH Loan. The KWH Loan is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its amortized cost, which reflects the quarterly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the discount using the effective interest rate method. The fair value of the KWH Loan disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of BB minus rated industrial bonds with similar maturities. The KWH Loan is secured by certain of the equity interests and assets of KWH and its subsidiaries.

(b) Notes payable:

As part of the acquisition of CMC Industries, Inc. ("CMC") in July 2016, the Company assumed a mortgage, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets ("the Mortgage"). The Mortgage is nonrecourse indebtedness with respect to CMC and its subsidiaries, and the Mortgage is not, nor will it be, guaranteed by Kingsway or its affiliates. The Mortgage was recorded at its estimated fair value of $191.7 million, which included the unpaid principal amount of $180.0 million as of the date of acquisition plus a premium of $11.7 million. The Mortgage matures on May 15, 2034 and has a fixed interest rate of 4.07%. The Mortgage is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its amortized cost, which reflects the monthly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the premium using the effective interest rate method. The fair value of the Mortgage disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of A-rated industrial bonds with similar maturities.

On January 5, 2015, Flower Portfolio 001, LLC ("Flower") assumed a $9.2 million mortgage in conjunction with the purchase of investment real estate properties, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets ("the Flower Note"). The Flower Note requires monthly payments of principal and interest and is secured by certain investments of Flower. The Flower Note matures on December 10, 2031 and has a fixed interest rate of 4.81%. The carrying value of the Flower Note at March 31, 2020 of $7.2 million represents its unpaid principal balance. The fair value of the Flower Note disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of A and BBB plus rated industrial bonds with similar maturities.

On October 15, 2015, Net Lease assumed a $9.0 million mezzanine debt in conjunction with the purchase of investment real estate properties, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets ("the Net Lease Note"). The Net Lease Note requires monthly payments of interest and is secured by certain investments of Net Lease. The Net Lease Note matures on November



	21



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

1, 2020 and has a fixed interest rate of 10.25%. The carrying value of the Net Lease Note at March 31, 2020 of $9.0 million represents its unpaid principal balance. The fair value of the Net Lease Note disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of B and B minus rated industrial bonds with similar maturities. Net Lease is exploring alternatives given that the Net Lease Note matures later this year and has commenced discussions with various parties.

Between December 4, 2002 and December 16, 2003, six subsidiary trusts of the Company issued $90.5 million of 30-year capital securities to third-parties in separate private transactions. In each instance, a corresponding floating rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debenture was then issued by KAI to the trust in exchange for the proceeds from the private sale. The floating rate debentures bear interest at the rate of the London interbank offered interest rate for three-month U.S. dollar deposits ("LIBOR"), plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%. The Company has the right to call each of these securities at par value any time after five years from their issuance until their maturity.

The subordinated debt is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. See Note 21, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," for further discussion of the subordinated debt. Of the $14.3 million decrease in fair value of the Company’s subordinated debt between December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020, $11.6 million is reported as change in fair value of debt attributable to instrument-specific credit risk in the Company's consolidated statements of comprehensive income and $2.6 million reported as gain on change in fair value of debt in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

During the third quarter of 2018, the Company gave notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters, pursuant to the contractual terms of its outstanding Trust Preferred indentures, which permit interest deferral. This action does not constitute a default under the Company's Trust Preferred indentures or any of its other debt indentures. At March 31, 2020, deferred interest payable of $10.4 million is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

The agreements governing our subordinated debt contain a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict the Company’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, make dividends and distributions, and make certain payments in respect of the Company’s outstanding securities.

Pursuant to indentures governing the Company’s subordinated debt, the Company is obligated to deliver audited financial statements for certain of its subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019. Due to the delay in filing its 2019 Annual Report, the Company has been unable to meet this obligation, the failure of which could be declared an event of default under the respective indentures. As of the date of the filing of this report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020, none of the trustees responsible for administering any of our outstanding debt has declared an event of default, if required by the applicable indenture, notified us of an intent to accelerate any portion of the outstanding debt or charge default interest thereon, or pursued any other remedies available to it. Were any of these trustees to declare an event of default, the Company would have a period of time to cure the default. Now that the Company has filed its 2019 Annual Report, the Company expects to be in a position to deliver to the trustees the requisite audited financial statements for certain of its subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019.

NOTE 14 LEASES

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective adoption method. The adoption resulted in an increase of the ROU assets of approximately $2.7 million and lease liabilities of $2.9 million. The difference of $0.2 million relates to straight-line rent accruals and lease incentive liabilities that were reclassified to ROU assets for operating leases.

Lessee Leases

Operating lease costs and variable lease costs included in selling and administrative costs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were $0.2 million and de minimis, respectively.



	22



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The annual maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2020 were as follows:



(in thousands)	Lease Commitments
2020	$	549
2021	802
2022	824
2023	624
2024	550
2025 and thereafter	546
Total undiscounted lease payments	3,895
Imputed interest	503
Total lease liabilities	$	3,392

The weighted-average remaining lease term for our operating leases was 5.46 years as of March 31, 2020. The weighted average discount rate of our operating leases was 5.32% as of March 31, 2020. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities was $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Lessor Leases

The Company owns a parcel of real property consisting of approximately 192 acres located in the State of Texas (the "Real Property") that is subject to a long-term triple net lease agreement with an unrelated third-party. The lease provides for future rent escalations and renewal options. The initial lease term ends in May 2034. The lessee bears the cost of maintenance and property taxes. Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis, based on contractual lease terms with fixed and determinable increases over the non-cancellable term of the related lease when collectability is reasonably assured. Rental income includes a de minimus amount of amortization of below market lease liabilities for the March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019. The estimated aggregate future amortization of below market lease liabilities is $0.1 million for 2020, $0.1 million for 2021, $0.1 million for 2022, $0.1 million for 2023 and $0.1 million for 2024. Realization of the residual values of the assets under lease is dependent on the future ability to market the assets under prevailing market conditions. The lease is classified as an operating lease and the underlying leased assets are included in Property and Equipment (Note 10, "Property and Equipment").

Lease income related to operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 was $3.3 million and $3.3 million, respectively.

The following table provides the net book value of operating lease property included in property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

Land	$	21,120			$21,120
Site improvements	91,308			91,308
Buildings	580			580
Gross property and equipment leased	113,008			113,008
Accumulation depreciation	(15,382		)	(14,345		)
Net property and equipment leased	$	97,626		$	98,663



	23



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

As of March 31, 2020, future undiscounted cash flows to be received in each of the next five years and thereafter, on non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:



(in thousands)
2020	$	8,913
2021	12,099
2022	12,371
2023	12,649
2024	12,934
Thereafter	136,963

NOTE 15 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Revenue from contracts with customers relates to Extended Warranty segment service fee and commission income. Service fee and commission income represents vehicle service agreement fees, GAP commissions, maintenance support service fees, warranty product commissions, homebuilder warranty service fees and homebuilder warranty commissions based on terms of various agreements with credit unions, consumers, businesses and homebuilders. Customers either pay in full at the inception of a warranty contract or commission product sale, or on terms subject to the Company’s customary credit reviews.

The following table disaggregates revenues from contracts with customers by revenue type:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019

Vehicle service agreement fees - IWS and Geminus	$	7,707	$	5,366
GAP commissions - IWS and Geminus	269		265
Maintenance support service fees - Trinity	554		1,968
Warranty product commissions - Trinity	861		582
Homebuilder warranty service fees - PWSC	1,437		1,423
Homebuilder warranty commissions - PWSC	358		211

Service fee and commission income	$	11,186	$	9,815

IWS' vehicle service agreement fees include the fees collected to cover the costs of future automobile mechanical breakdown claims and the associated administration of those claims. Vehicle service agreement contract fees are earned over the duration of the vehicle service agreement contracts as the single performance obligation is satisfied.

IWS' GAP commissions include fees collected from the sale of GAP contracts. IWS acts as an agent on behalf of the third-party insurance company that underwrites and guaranties these GAP contracts. IWS does not assume any insurance risk from the sale of GAP contracts. IWS receives a single commission fee as its transaction price at the time it sells a GAP contract to a customer. Each GAP contract contains two separate performance obligations - sale of a GAP contract and GAP claims administration. The first performance obligation is related to the sale of a GAP contract and is satisfied upon closing the sale. The second performance obligation is related to the administration of claims during the GAP contract period, generally four years.

Standalone selling prices are not directly observable in the GAP contract for each of the separate performance obligations. As a result, IWS has applied the expected cost plus a margin approach to develop models to estimate the standalone selling price for each of its performance obligations in order to allocate the transaction price to the two separate performance obligations identified.

For the model related to the sale of a GAP contract performance obligation, IWS makes judgments about which of its actual costs are associated with selling activities. For the model related to the GAP claims administration performance obligation, IWS makes judgments about which of its actual costs are associated with claim-handling activities, which are performed over the life of the GAP contract period. The relative percentage of expected costs plus a margin associated with the sale of a GAP contract performance obligation is applied to the transaction price to determine the estimated standalone selling price of the sale of a GAP contract performance obligation, which IWS recognizes as earned at the time of the GAP contract sale. The relative percentage of expected costs plus a margin associated with the GAP claims administration performance obligation is applied to the transaction price to



	24



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

determine the estimated standalone selling price of the GAP claims administration performance obligation, which IWS recognizes as earned as services are performed over the GAP contract period.

For the GAP claims administration performance obligation, IWS applies an input method of measurement, based on the expected costs of providing services, to determine the transfer of its services over the GAP contract period. IWS uses historical data regarding the number of claims it receives and activities performed, in addition to the number of GAP contracts sold, to estimate the number of claims to be received by year until coverage expires, which allows IWS to develop a revenue recognition pattern that it believes provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of services over time for the GAP claims administration performance obligation.

Trinity's maintenance support service fees include the service fees collected to administer equipment breakdown and maintenance support services and are earned as services are rendered.

Trinity’s warranty product commissions include the commissions from the sale of warranty contracts for certain new and used heating, ventilation, air conditioning ("HVAC"), standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration equipment. Trinity acts as an agent on behalf of the third-party insurance companies that underwrite and guaranty these warranty contracts. Trinity does not guaranty the performance underlying the warranty contracts it sells. Warranty product commissions are earned at the time of the warranty product sales.

PWSC’s homebuilder warranty service fees include fees collected from the sale of warranties issued by new homebuilders. PWSC receives a single warranty service fee as its transaction price at the time it enters into a written contract with each of its builder customers. Each contract contains two separate performance obligations - warranty administrative services and other warranty services. Warranty administrative services include enrolling each home sold by the builder into the program and the warranty administrative system and delivering the warranty product. Other warranty services include answering builder or homeowner questions regarding the home warranty and dispute resolution services over the warranty term.

Standalone selling prices are not directly observable in the contract for each of the separate performance obligations. As a result, PWSC has applied the expected cost plus a margin approach to develop models to estimate the standalone selling price for each of its performance obligations in order to allocate the transaction price to the two separate performance obligations identified.

For the model related to the warranty administrative services performance obligation, PWSC makes judgments about which of its actual costs are associated with enrolling each home sold by the builder into the program and the warranty administrative system and delivering the warranty product. For the model related to the other warranty services performance obligation, PWSC makes judgments about which of its actual costs are associated with activities, such as answering builder or homeowner questions regarding the home warranty and dispute resolution services, which are performed over the life of the warranty coverage period. The relative percentage of expected costs plus a margin associated with the warranty administrative services performance obligation is applied to the transaction price to determine the estimated standalone selling price of the warranty administrative services performance obligation, which PWSC recognizes as earned at the time the home is enrolled and the warranty product is delivered. The relative percentage of expected costs plus a margin associated with the other warranty services performance obligation is applied to the transaction price to determine the estimated standalone selling price of the other warranty services performance obligation, which PWSC recognizes as earned as services are performed over the warranty coverage period.

For the other warranty services performance obligation, PWSC applies an input method of measurement, based on the expected costs of providing services, to determine the transfer of its services over the warranty coverage period. PWSC uses historical data regarding the number of calls it receives and activities performed, in addition to the number of homes enrolled, to estimate the number of complaints and dispute resolution requests to be received by year until coverage expires, which allows PWSC to develop a revenue recognition pattern that it believes provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of services over time for the other warranty services performance obligation.

PWSC’s homebuilder warranty commissions include commissions from the sale of warranty contracts for those builders who have requested and receive insurance backing of their warranty obligations. PWSC acts as an agent on behalf of the third-party insurance company that underwrites and guaranties these warranty contracts. Homebuilder warranty commissions are earned on the certification date, which is typically the date of the closing of the sale of the home to the buyer. The Company also earns fees to manage remediation or repair services related to claims on insurance-backed warranty obligations, which are earned when the claims are closed.



	25



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Geminus' vehicle service agreement fees include the fees collected to cover the costs of future automobile mechanical breakdown claims and the associated administration of those claims. Vehicle service agreement contract fees are earned over the duration of the vehicle service agreement contracts as the single performance obligation is satisfied.

Receivables from contracts with customers are reported as service fee receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets and at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $3.3 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

The Company records deferred service fees resulting from contracts with customers when payment is received in advance of satisfying the performance obligations. The Company expects to recognize within one year as service fee and commission income approximately 43.7% of the deferred service fees as of March 31, 2020. Approximately $5.5 million of service fee and commission income recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was included in deferred service fees as of December 31, 2019.

NOTE 16 INCOME TAXES

Income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 varies from the amount that would result by applying the applicable U.S. federal corporate income tax rate of 21% to (loss) income before income tax expense (benefit). The following table summarizes the differences:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020				2019
Income tax (benefit) expense at United States statutory income tax rate	$	(47	)		$	520
Valuation allowance	241				(1,331		)
Non-deductible compensation	(43		)	66	9
Investment income	(128		)		(23		)
State income tax	38				26
Change in unrecognized tax benefits⁽¹⁾	68				70
Indefinite life intangibles	54				33
Other	(13		)		(17		)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	170			$	(713	)
(1) Includes interest and penalty expense related to unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company maintains a valuation allowance for its gross deferred tax assets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company's operations have generated substantial operating losses in prior years. These losses can be available to reduce income taxes that might otherwise be incurred on future taxable income; however, it is uncertain whether the Company will generate the taxable income necessary to utilize these losses or other reversing temporary differences. This uncertainty has caused management to place a full valuation allowance on its March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 net deferred tax asset, excluding the deferred income tax asset and liability amounts set forth in the paragraph below. In the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the Company released into income $0.8 million of its valuation allowance, as a result of its acquisition of Geminus, due to net deferred income tax liabilities that are expected to reverse during the period in which the Company will have deferred income tax assets available.

The Company carries net deferred income tax liabilities of $29.1 million and $29.0 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. At March 31, 2020, $8.0 million relates to deferred income tax liabilities scheduled to reverse in periods after the expiration of the Company's consolidated U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, $21.8 million relates to deferred income tax liabilities associated with land and indefinite lived intangible assets and $0.7 million relates to deferred income tax assets associated with state income taxes. At December 31, 2019, $8.0 million relates to deferred income tax liabilities scheduled to reverse in periods after the expiration of the Company's consolidated U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, $21.7 million relates to deferred income tax liabilities associated with land and indefinite lived intangible assets, $0.6 million relates to deferred income tax assets associated with state income taxes and $0.1 million relates to deferred income tax assets associated with alternative minimum tax credits.



	26



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company carried a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $1.4 million which is included in income taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies interest and penalty accruals, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company recorded income tax expense of $0.1 million related to interest and penalty accruals for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company carried an accrual for the payment of interest and penalties of $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively, included in income taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE 17 (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of numerators and denominators for the basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share computation for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019:



(in thousands, except per share data)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Numerator:
Net (loss) income	$	(393	)	$	3,189
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(721		)	(211		)
Less: dividends on preferred stock	(377		)	(246		)
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(1,491	)	$	2,732
Denominator:
Weighted average basic shares
Weighted average common shares outstanding	22,069			21,841
Weighted average diluted shares
Weighted average common shares outstanding	22,069			21,841
Effect of potentially dilutive securities
Stock options	—			—
Unvested restricted stock awards	—			—
Warrants	—			—
Convertible preferred stock	—			—
Total weighted average diluted shares	22,069			21,841
Basic (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.07	)	$	0.13
Diluted (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.07	)	$	0.13

Basic loss per share is calculated using weighted-average common shares outstanding. Diluted loss per share is calculated using weighted-average diluted shares. Weighted-average diluted shares is calculated by adding the effect of potentially dilutive securities to weighted-average common shares outstanding. Potentially dilutive securities consist of stock options, unvested restricted stock awards, warrants and convertible preferred stock. Because the Company is reporting a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020, all potentially dilutive securities outstanding were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share since their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

The following weighted-average potentially dilutive securities are not included in the diluted (loss) earnings per share calculations above because they would have had an antidilutive effect on the (loss) earnings per share from continuing operations:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020	2019
Stock options	40,000	40,000
Unvested restricted stock awards	500,000	976,950
Warrants	4,423,765	4,673,765
Convertible preferred stock	1,142,975	1,392,975
Total	6,106,740	7,083,690



	27



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

NOTE 18 STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

(a) Stock Options

The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2020:




	Number of Options Outstanding	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	40,000	$	4.67	0.3	$	—
Granted	—	—
Expired	—	—
Outstanding at March 31, 2020	40,000	$	4.67	0.1	$	—
Exercisable at March 31, 2020	40,000	$	4.67	0.1	$	—

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and exercisable is the difference between the March 31, 2020 market price for the Company's common shares and the exercise price of the options, multiplied by the number of options where the fair value exceeds the exercise price.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of each option on the date of grant. No options were granted during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(b) Restricted Stock Awards

Under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2013 Plan"), the Company made grants of restricted common stock awards to certain officers of the Company on March 28, 2014 (the "2014 Restricted Stock Awards"). The 2014 Restricted Stock Awards shall become fully vested and the restriction period shall lapse as of March 28, 2024 subject to the officers' continued employment through the vesting date. The 2014 Restricted Stock Awards are amortized on a straight-line basis over the ten-year requisite service period. The grant-date fair value of the 2014 Restricted Stock Awards was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the date of grant. Total unamortized compensation expense related to unvested 2014 Restricted Stock Awards at March 31, 2020 was zero.

On September 5, 2018, the Company executed an Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Award Agreement ("Amended RSA Agreement") with its former Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended RSA Agreement, the Company granted to the former Chief Executive Officer a modified award of 350,000 shares of restricted common stock (the "2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award"). The Company deemed the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award to be taxable to the former Chief Executive Officer on the modification date. As a result, the Company cancelled 102,550 of the 350,000 shares of the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award to satisfy the tax withholding obligation. The remaining 247,450 shares of the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award shall become fully vested after the satisfaction of certain performance conditions, as defined in the Amended RSA Agreement. Pursuant to the Amended RSA Agreement, the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award is to vest upon (i) the completion of the sale by 1347 Investors of its entire interest in the shares of Limbach common stock and (ii) the subsequent completion of the liquidation of 1347 Investors and the distribution of its assets to its members.

Pursuant to a Distribution and Redemption Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2019, by and among 1347 Investors and its members, the Company received distributions of cash proceeds of $0.6 million, 594,750 shares of Limbach common stock and 400,000 warrants, exercisable at $15 and expiring July 20, 2023, on Limbach common shares, which the Company deemed as having satisfied the performance obligations described in the Amended RSA Agreement. On October 31, 2019, the Company executed an agreement to acquire the remaining 247,450 shares of the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award as partial consideration in exchange for selling its remaining investment in the common stock of ICL. See Note 22, "Related Parties," for further discussion.

During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company recorded $0.6 million of compensation expense equal to the fair value of the remaining 247,450 fully vested shares of the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award. The grant-date fair value of the 2018 Modified Restricted Stock Award was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the modification date.



	28



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

On January 31, 2019, the Company executed an Employee Separation Agreement and Release ("2019 Separation Agreement") with a former officer. The 2019 Separation Agreement modified the vesting terms related to 115,500 shares of the original 2014 Restricted Stock Awards ("2014 Modified Restricted Stock Award"), such that they became fully vested on January 31, 2019. The Company deemed the 2014 Modified Restricted Stock Award to be taxable to the former officer on the vesting date. Pursuant to the terms of the 2013 Plan and the 2019 Separation Agreement, the former officer was entitled to satisfy the tax withholding obligation by authorizing the Company to withhold restricted common shares, which would otherwise be deliverable, having an aggregate fair market value, determined as of the tax date, equal to the tax withholding obligation. The former officer chose to satisfy the tax withholding obligation in this manner. As a result, the Company cancelled 36,269 of the 115,500 shares of the 2014 Modified Restricted Stock Award and recognized payroll tax expense of $0.1 million during the first quarter of 2019.

The Company also recorded during the first quarter of 2019 $0.1 million of compensation expense equal to the fair value of the remaining 79,231 fully vested shares of the 2014 Modified Restricted Stock Award. The grant-date fair value of the 2014 Modified Restricted Stock Award was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the grant date.

On February 28, 2020, the Company executed an Employment Separation Agreement and Release ("2020 Separation Agreement") with a former officer. Under the terms of the 2020 Separation Agreement, the former officer forfeited 93,713 shares of the 2014 Restricted Stock Awards. The Company’s accounting policy is to account for forfeitures when they occur. As a result, the Company reversed during the first quarter of 2020 $0.2 million of compensation expense previously recognized from March 28, 2014 through February 28, 2020.

The former officer's remaining 135,787 shares of the original 2014 Restricted Stock Awards ("2020 Restricted Stock Award") became partially vested on February 28, 2020. The Company deemed the 2020 Restricted Stock Award to be taxable to the former officer on the vesting date. Pursuant to the terms of the 2013 Plan, the former officer was entitled to satisfy the tax withholding obligation by authorizing the Company to withhold restricted common shares, which would otherwise be deliverable, having an aggregate fair market value, determined as of the tax date, equal to the tax withholding obligation. The former officer chose to satisfy the tax withholding obligation in this manner. As a result, the Company cancelled 41,677 of the 135,787 shares of the 2020 Restricted Stock Award and recognized payroll tax expense of $0.1 million during the first quarter of 2020. Total unamortized compensation expense related to the unvested 2020 Restricted Stock Award at March 31, 2020 was zero.

On September 5, 2018, the Company granted 500,000 restricted common stock awards to an officer (the "2018 Restricted Stock Award"). The 2018 Restricted Stock Award shall become fully vested and the restriction period shall lapse as of March 28, 2024 subject to the officer's continued employment through the vesting date. The 2018 Restricted Stock Award is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant-date fair value of the 2018 Restricted Stock Award was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the date of grant. Total unamortized compensation expense related to unvested 2018 Restricted Stock Award at March 31, 2020 was $1.5 million.

The following table summarizes the activity related to unvested 2014 Restricted Stock Awards, 2020 Restricted Stock Award and 2018 Restricted Stock Award (collectively "Restricted Stock Awards") for the three months ended March 31, 2020:




	Number of Restricted Stock Awards		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per Share)
Unvested at December 31, 2019	729,500		$	5.23
Vested	(94,110	)	4.14
Cancelled for Tax Withholding	(41,677	)	4.14
Forfeited	(93,713	)	4.14
Unvested at March 31, 2020	500,000		$	5.73

The unvested balance at March 31, 2020 in the table above is comprised of 500,000 shares of the 2018 Restricted Stock Award.



	29



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

PWSC granted 1,000 restricted common stock awards ("PWSC Restricted Stock Award") to an officer of PWSC pursuant to an agreement dated September 7, 2018. The PWSC Restricted Stock Award contains both a service and a performance condition that affects vesting. The service condition vests according to a graded vesting schedule and shall become fully vested on February 20, 2022 subject to the officer's continued employment through the applicable vesting dates. The service condition component of the PWSC Restricted Stock Award is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The performance condition vests on February 20, 2022 and is based on the internal rate of return of PWSC. Accruals of compensation expense for the performance condition component of the PWSC Restricted Stock Award is estimated based on the probable outcome of the performance condition. At March 31, 2020, the Company determined that the performance condition component is not probable of being achieved. As a result, no compensation expense has been recorded related to the performance condition component through March 31, 2020. The grant-date fair value of the PWSC Restricted Stock Award was estimated using a valuation model. At March 31, 2020, there were 750 unvested shares of the PWSC Restricted Stock Award with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $824.47 per share. Total unamortized compensation expense related to unvested PWSC Restricted Stock Award at March 31, 2020 was $0.6 million.

Total stock-based compensation, inclusive of Stock Options, Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Awards of PWSC described above, net of forfeitures, was a benefit of less than $0.1 million and an expense of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

NOTE 19 ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The tables below detail the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 as relates to shareholders' equity attributable to common shareholders on the consolidated balance sheets. However, the unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income present the components of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, only for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 and inclusive of the components attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries.



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31, 2020
	Unrealized Gains on Available-for-Sale Investments		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Change in Fair Value of Debt Attributable to Instrument-Specific Credit Risk		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Balance at January 1, 2020	$	59	$	(3,286	)	$	38,574	$	35,347

Other comprehensive income arising during the period	47		—			11,623		11,670
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	61		—			—		61
Net current-period other comprehensive income	108		—			11,623		11,731

Balance at March 31, 2020	$	167	$	(3,286	)	$	50,197	$	47,078



	30



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Change in Fair Value of Debt Attributable to Instrument-Specific Credit Risk			Equity in Other Comprehensive Loss of Limited Liability Investment			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Balance at January 1, 2019	$	(160	)	$	(3,286	)	$	44,259		$	(45	)	$	40,768

Other comprehensive income (loss) arising during the period	105			—			(945		)	—			(840		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	(6		)	—			—			—			(6		)
Net current-period other comprehensive income income	99			—			(945		)	—			(846		)

Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(61	)	$	(3,286	)	$	43,314		$	(45	)	$	39,922

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income were reclassified to the following lines of the unaudited consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive income from unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments to:
Net realized gains	$	(61	)	$	6
Other-than-temporary impairment loss	—			—
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)	(61		)	6
Income tax expense (benefit)	—			—
Net (loss) income	$	(61	)	$	6

NOTE 20 SEGMENTED INFORMATION

The Company conducts its business through the following two reportable segments: Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate.

Extended Warranty Segment

Extended Warranty includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: IWS, Trinity, PWSC and Geminus (collectively, "Extended Warranty").

IWS is a licensed motor vehicle service agreement company and is a provider of after-market vehicle protection services distributed by credit unions in 27 states and the District of Columbia to their members.

Trinity sells HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration warranty products and provides equipment breakdown and maintenance support services to companies across the United States. As a seller of warranty products, Trinity markets and administers product warranty contracts for certain new and used products in the HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration industries throughout the United States. Trinity acts as an agent on behalf of the third-party insurance companies that underwrite and guaranty these warranty contracts. Trinity does not guaranty the performance underlying the warranty contracts it sells. As a provider of equipment breakdown and maintenance support services, Trinity acts as a single point of contact to its clients for both certain equipment breakdowns and scheduled maintenance of equipment. Trinity will provide such repair and breakdown services by contracting with certain HVAC providers.



	31



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

PWSC sells new home warranty products and provides administration services to home builders and homeowners across the United States. PWSC distributes its products and services through an in house sales team and through insurance brokers and insurance carriers throughout all states except Alaska and Louisiana.

Geminus primarily sells vehicle service agreements to used car buyers across the United States, through its subsidiaries, Penn and Prime. Penn and Prime distribute these products in 32 and 40 states, respectively, via independent used car dealerships and franchised car dealerships.

Leased Real Estate Segment

Leased Real Estate includes the Company's subsidiary, CMC, which was acquired on July 14, 2016. CMC owns the Real Property that is leased to a third party pursuant to a long-term triple net lease. The Real Property is also subject to the Mortgage. When assessing and measuring the operational and financial performance of the Leased Real Estate segment, interest expense related to the Mortgage is included in Leased Real Estate's segment operating income.

Revenues and Operating Income by Reportable Segment

Results for the Company's reportable segments are based on the Company's internal financial reporting systems and are consistent with those followed in the preparation of the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements. The following tables provide financial data used by management. Segment assets are not allocated for management use and, therefore, are not included in the segment disclosures below.

Revenues by reportable segment reconciled to consolidated revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 were:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
Revenues:
Extended Warranty:
Service fee and commission income	$	11,186	$	9,815
Other income	74		75
Total Extended Warranty	11,260		9,890
Leased Real Estate:
Rental income	3,341		3,341
Other income	68		70
Total Leased Real Estate	3,409		3,411
Total revenues	$	14,669	$	13,301



	32



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The operating income by reportable segment in the following table is before income taxes and includes revenues and direct segment costs. Total segment operating income reconciled to the consolidated net (loss) income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 were:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Segment operating income:
Extended Warranty	$	850		$	567
Leased Real Estate	597			452
Total segment operating income	1,447			1,019
Net investment income	719			699
Net realized gains	208			315
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments	(597		)	78
Gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value	1,899			4,265
Net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments	(670		)	19
Other-than-temporary impairment loss	(117		)	(75		)
Interest expense not allocated to segments	(2,153		)	(2,102		)
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net	(3,030		)	(1,764		)
Amortization of intangible assets	(574		)	(521		)
Gain on change in fair value of debt	2,645			576
Equity in net loss of investee	—			(33		)
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)	(223		)	2,476
Income tax expense (benefit)	170			(713		)
Net (loss) income	$	(393	)	$	3,189

NOTE 21 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best evidenced by quoted bid or ask price, as appropriate, in an active market. Where bid or ask prices are not available, such as in an illiquid or inactive market, the closing price of the most recent transaction of that instrument subject to appropriate adjustments as required is used. Where quoted market prices are not available, the quoted prices of similar financial instruments or valuation models with observable market-based inputs are used to estimate the fair value. These valuation models may use multiple observable market inputs, including observable interest rates, foreign exchange rates, index levels, credit spreads, equity prices, counterparty credit quality, corresponding market volatility levels and option volatilities. Minimal management judgment is required for fair values calculated using quoted market prices or observable market inputs for models. Greater subjectivity is required when making valuation adjustments for financial instruments in inactive markets or when using models where observable parameters do not exist. Also, the calculation of estimated fair value is based on market conditions at a specific point in time and may not be reflective of future fair values. For the Company's financial instruments carried at cost or amortized cost, the book value is not adjusted to reflect increases or decreases in fair value due to market fluctuations, including those due to interest rate changes, as it is the Company's intention to hold them until there is a recovery of fair value, which may be to maturity.

The Company employs a fair value hierarchy to categorize the inputs it uses in valuation techniques to measure the fair value. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1:


•	Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.


•	Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.


•	Level 3 – Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable.

The Company classifies its investments in fixed maturities as available-for-sale and reports these investments at fair value. The Company's equity investments, limited liability investments, at fair value, real estate investments, subordinated debt and warrant liability are measured and reported at fair value.



	33



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Fixed maturities - Fair values of fixed maturities for which no active market exists are derived from quoted market prices of similar instruments or other third party evidence. All classes of the Company’s fixed maturities, primarily consisting of investments in US. Treasury bills and government bonds; obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions; mortgage-backed securities; and corporate securities, are classified as Level 2. Level 2 is applied to valuations based upon quoted prices for similar assets in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are inactive; or valuations based on models where the significant inputs are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

The Company engages a third-party vendor who utilizes third-party pricing sources and primarily employs a market approach to determine the fair values of our fixed maturities. The market approach includes primarily obtaining prices from independent third-party pricing services as well as, to a lesser extent, quotes from broker-dealers. Our third-party vendor also monitors market indicators, as well as industry and economic events, to ensure pricing is appropriate. All classes of our fixed maturities are valued using this technique. The Company has obtained an understanding of our third-party vendor’s valuation methodologies and inputs. Fair values obtained from our third-party vendor are not adjusted by the Company.

The following is a description of the significant inputs, by asset class, used by the third-party pricing services to determine the fair values of our fixed maturities included in Level 2:


•	U.S. government, government agencies and authorities are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets and maturity.


•	States, municipalities and political subdivisions are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, new issuances and credit spreads.


•	Mortgage-backed securities are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, expected prepayments, expected credit default rates, delinquencies and issue specific information including, but not limited to, collateral type, seniority and vintage.


•	Corporate securities are generally priced using the market approach using pricing vendors. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, issuer rating, benchmark yields, maturity and credit spreads.

Equity investments - Fair values of equity investments, including warrants, reflect quoted market values based on latest bid prices, where active markets exist, or models based on significant market observable inputs, where no active markets exist.

Limited liability investments, at fair value - Limited liability investments, at fair value include the underlying investments of Net Lease and Argo Holdings. Net Lease owns investments in limited liability companies that hold investment properties. Argo Holdings makes investments in limited liability companies and limited partnerships that hold investments in search funds and private operating companies.

•

The fair value of Net Lease's investments in limited liability companies is based upon the net asset values of the underlying investments companies as a practical expedient to estimate fair value. The Company applies the net asset value practical expedient to Net Lease's limited liability investments on an investment-by-investment basis unless it is probable that the Company will sell a portion of an investment at an amount different from the net asset value of the investment. Investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value practical expedient are not required to be classified using the fair value hierarchy.

•

The fair value of Argo Holdings' limited liability investments that hold investments in search funds is based on the initial investment in the search funds. The fair value of Argo Holdings' limited liability investments that hold investments in private operating companies is valued using a market approach including valuation multiples applied to corresponding performance metrics, such as earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization; revenue; or net earnings. The selected valuation multiples were estimated using multiples provided by the investees and review of those multiples in light of investor updates, performance reports, financial statements and other relevant information. These investments are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Real estate investments - The fair value of real estate investments involves a combination of the market and income valuation techniques. Under this approach, a market-based capitalization rate is derived from comparable transactions, adjusted for any unique characteristics of each asset, and applied to the asset under consideration. The cap rates used during underwriting and subsequent valuation incorporate the consideration of risks of vacancy and collection loss, administrative costs of owning net



	34



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

leased assets and possible capital expenditures that could be determined a landlord expense. These investments are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Subordinated debt - The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated using a model based on significant market observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party. These inputs include credit spread assumptions developed by a third party and market observable swap rates. The subordinated debt is categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Warrant liability - As described in Note 13, "Debt," the Company issued the KWH Warrants on March 1, 2019. The KWH Warrants are measured and reported at fair value and are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrant liability is estimated using an internal model without relevant observable market inputs. The significant inputs used in the model include an enterprise value multiple applied to earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization. The implied enterprise value is reduced by the remaining debt associated with the KWH Loan to determine an implied equity value. The liability classified warrants are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.



	35



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The balances of the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows. Certain investments in limited liability companies that are measured at fair value using the net asset value practical expedient are not required to be classified using the fair value hierarchy, but are presented in the following tables to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets:



(in thousands)					March 31, 2020
	Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using

	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Measured at Net Asset Value
Recurring fair value measurements:

Assets:
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	$	5,629	$	—	$	5,629	$	—	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	603		—		603		—		—
Mortgage-backed	4,054		—		4,054		—		—
Corporate	4,961		—		4,961		—		—
Total fixed maturities	15,247		—		15,247		—		—
Equity investments:
Common stock	1,817		1,817		—		—		—
Warrants	8		3		5		—		—
Total equity investments	1,825		1,820		5		—		—
Limited liability investments, at fair value	30,986		—		—		4,413		26,573
Real estate investments	10,662		—		—		10,662		—
Other investments	841		—		841		—		—
Short-term investments	156		—		156		—		—
Total assets	$	59,717	$	1,820	$	16,249	$	15,075	$	26,573

Liabilities:
Subordinated debt	$	40,387	$	—	$	40,387	$	—	$	—
Warrant liability	216		—		—		216		—
Total liabilities	$	40,603	$	—	$	40,387	$	216	$	—



	36



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020



(in thousands)					December 31, 2019
			Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using

	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Measured at Net Asset Value
Recurring fair value measurements:

Assets:
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	$	13,316	$	—	$	13,316	$	—	$	—
States municipalities and political subdivisions	600		—		600		—		—
Mortgage-backed	2,939		—		2,939		—		—
Corporate	5,340		—		5,340		—		—
Total fixed maturities	22,195		—		22,195		—		—
Equity investments:
Common stock	2,406		2,406		—		—		—
Warrants	15		5		10		—		—
Total equity investments	2,421		2,411		10		—		—
Limited liability investments, at fair value	29,078		—		—		4,392		24,686
Real estate investments	10,662		—		—		10,662		—
Other investments	1,009		—		1,009		—		—
Short-term investments	155		—		155		—		—
Total assets	$	65,520	$	2,411	$	23,369	$	15,054	$	24,686

Liabilities:
Subordinated debt	$	54,655	$	—	$	54,655	$	—	$	—
Warranty liability	249		—		—		249		—
Total liabilities	$	54,904	$	—	$	54,655	$	249	$	—



	37



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

The following table provides a reconciliation of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019:



(in thousands)	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Assets:
Limited liability investments, at fair value:
Beginning balance	$	4,392		$	4,124
Purchases	—			75
Distributions received	(77		)	(324		)
Realized gains included in net (loss) income	86			69
Change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value included in net (loss) income	12			116
Ending balance	$	4,413		$	4,060
Unrealized gains on limited liability investments, at fair value held at end of period:
Included in net (loss) income	$	12		$	116
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	$	—		$	—
Real estate investments:
Beginning balance	$	10,662		$	10,662
Change in fair value of real estate investments included in net (loss) income	—			—
Ending balance	$	10,662		$	10,662
Unrealized gains recognized on real estate investments held at end of period:
Included in net (loss) income	—			—
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—			—
Ending balance - assets	$	15,075		$	14,722
Liabilities:
Warrant liability:
Beginning balance	$	249		$	—
Issuance of warrants	—			361
Change in fair value of warrant liability included in net (loss) income	(33		)	(44		)
Ending balance - liabilities	$	216		$	317
Unrealized gains recognized on warrant liability held at end of period:
Included in net (loss) income	$	(33	)	$	(44	)
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	$	—		$	—

The following table summarizes the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs utilized in determining fair values for the Company's investments that are categorized as Level 3 at March 31, 2020 :



Categories	Fair Value		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Input Value(s)
Limited liability investments, at fair value	$	4,413	Market approach	Valuation multiples	3.1x-7.0x
Real estate investments	$	10,662	Market and income approach	Cap rates	7.5	%
Warrant liability	$	216	Market approach	Valuation multiple	6.0x



	38



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020



Categories	Fair Value		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Inputs	Input Value(s)
Limited liability investments, at fair value	$	4,392	Market approach	Valuation multiples	3.1x-7.0x
Real estate investments	$	10,662	Market and income approach	Cap rates	7.5	%
Warrant liability	$	249	Market approach	Valuation multiple	6.0x

Investments Measured Using the Net Asset Value per Share Practical Expedient

The following table summarizes investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient at March 31, 2020:



Category	Fair Value (in thousands)		Unfunded Commitments	Redemption Frequency	Redemption Notice Period
Limited liability investments, at fair value	$	26,573	n/a	n/a	n/a

The following table summarizes investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient at December 31, 2019:



Category	Fair Value (in thousands)		Unfunded Commitments	Redemption Frequency	Redemption Notice Period
Limited liability investments, at fair value	$	24,686	n/a	n/a	n/a

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including assets that are adjusted for observable price changes or written down to fair value as a result of an impairment. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded adjustments to increase the fair value of an certain investments in private companies for observable price changes of zero and less than $0.1 million, respectively, which are included in net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded impairments related to investments in private companies of $0.7 million and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, which are included in net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments in the consolidated statements of operations. The impairment recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is a result of the impact of COVID-19 on the investment's underlying business. To determine the fair value of investments in these private companies, the Company considered rounds of financing and third-party transactions, discounted cash flow analyses and market-based information, including comparable transactions, trading multiples and changes in market outlook, among other factors. The Company has classified the fair value measurements of these investments in private companies as Level 3 because they involve significant unobservable inputs.

NOTE 22 RELATED PARTIES

Related party transactions, including services provided to or received by the Company's subsidiaries, are measured in part by the amount of consideration paid or received as established and agreed by the parties. Except where disclosed elsewhere in these unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, the following is a summary of related party relationships and transactions.

(a) Argo Management Group, LLC

The Company acquired Argo Management Group, LLC ("Argo Management") in April 2016. Argo Management's primary business is to act as Managing Member of Argo Holdings. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, each of the Company, John T. Fitzgerald ("Fitzgerald"), the Company's Chief Executive Officer and President, and certain of Fitzgerald’s immediate family members owns equity interests in Argo Holdings, all of which interests were acquired prior to the Company’s acquisition of Argo Management. Subject to certain limitations, Argo Holdings' governing documents require all individuals and entities owning an equity interest in Argo Holdings to fund upon request his/her/its pro rata share of any funding requirements of Argo Holdings up to an aggregate maximum amount equal to his/her/its total capital commitment (each request for funds being referred to as a "Capital Call"). During 2020 and 2019, the Company funded approximately zero and $0.6 million, respectively, in response to Capital Calls. During 2019, Fitzgerald and Fitzgerald’s immediate family members funded their respective Capital Calls. Argo



	39



KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

Holdings used the proceeds of the Capital Calls to make investments, cover general operating expenses and pay the management fee owed to Argo Management. Argo Holdings made no Capital Calls during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(b) Itasca Capital Ltd.

The Company formerly held an investment in the common stock of ICL, a publicly traded Canadian corporation, that was recorded as investment in investee in the consolidated balance sheets. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company sold its remaining investment in the common stock of ICL. The Company owned zero common shares of ICL at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Fitzgerald has served as a member of the ICL Board of Directors since June 9, 2016. Fitzgerald joined the Company as an Executive Vice President in April 2016 following the Company’s acquisition of Argo. Fitzgerald has served as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer since September 5, 2018 and has served on the Company’s Board of Directors since April 21, 2016.

On October 9, 2019, the Company executed an agreement to sell 1,974,113 shares of ICL common stock, at a price of C$0.35 per share, to a third party for cash proceeds totaling C$0.7 million. On October 31, 2019, the Company executed an agreement to sell 3,011,447 shares of ICL common stock, at a price of C$0.35 per share, to Larry G. Swets, Jr. ("Swets") for consideration totaling C$1.1 million, comprised of cash proceeds of C$0.2 million and 247,450 shares of the Company’s common stock. Both transactions closed during the fourth quarter of 2019.

The 247,450 shares of the Company’s common stock were awarded to Swets pursuant to the Amended RSA Agreement executed on September 5, 2018 related to Swets’ departure from the Company. Refer to Note 18, "Stock-Based Compensation," for further information. Pursuant to the Amended RSA Agreement, Swets retained 350,000 shares of restricted Company common stock that were to vest upon (i) the completion of the sale by 1347 Investors of its entire interest in the shares of Limbach common stock and (ii) the subsequent completion of the liquidation of 1347 Investors and the distribution of its assets to its members. Pursuant to a Distribution and Redemption Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2019, by and among 1347 Investors and its members, the Company received distributions of cash proceeds of $0.6 million, 594,750 shares of Limbach common stock and 400,000 warrants, exercisable at $15 and expiring July 20, 2023, on Limbach common shares, which the Company deemed as having satisfied the performance obligations described in the Amended RSA Agreement. Also, pursuant to the Amended RSA Agreement, Swets exercised his right to authorize the Company to withhold 102,550 shares of restricted Company common stock, which would otherwise have been delivered or available for vesting, in order to satisfy all federal, state, local or other taxes required to be withheld or paid in connection with such award, leaving Swets with 247,450 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Swets served as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer from July 1, 2010 until September 5, 2018 and served on the Company’s Board of Directors from September 16, 2013 through December 21, 2018.

Insurance Income Strategies Ltd. ("IIS") is a Bermuda corporation, formed in October 2017, organized to offer collateralized reinsurance in the property catastrophe market through its wholly owned operating subsidiary IIS Re Ltd. The Company held 100% of the outstanding common stock of IIS at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company did not invest any capital against the common shares and has not invested any capital in IIS via any other security of IIS. The Company also does not have any commitment to provide capital to IIS.

Effective August 10, 2018, simultaneous with IIS issuing preferred stock to a third-party investor, the Company and IIS entered into a management service agreement, which describes the Company’s duties and rights to remuneration. The management service agreement describes the Company’s duties to include (a) identification and due diligence of potential transaction counterparties for consideration by IIS management; (b) advice on capital structure and corporate development opportunities; (c) support for compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC; and (d) other periodic and special requests deemed within the scope of the management service agreement. The management service agreement provides for a fee 0.9% of the assets of IIS and 9% of the annual net profits.

Pursuant to other agreements executed August 10, 2018 simultaneous with IIS issuing preferred stock to a third-party investor, the Company (a) is obligated to share with the IIS third-party investor 50% of any future fees generated under the management service agreement and (b) waives its right to receive any fees until such time that the IIS third-party investor is either redeemed or exchanged into publicly traded equity shares of IIS, in either case for consideration not less than the IIS third-party investor’s



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

original $15.0 million investment. As of March 31, 2020, neither of these scenarios had occurred, so the Company is not entitled to any fees under the management service agreement and has not recorded any such fees.

(d) Limited liability investments

The Company’s investments include investments in limited liability companies in which an officer of the Company is named as a Manager or is authorized to act on behalf of the Manager under the respective operating agreement.

1347 Energy Holdings LLC:

1347 Energy Holdings LLC ("Energy") was formed on April 20, 2016 for the purpose of making investments in hydrocarbon assets as described in the operating agreement. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company owned zero of the membership interests. Fitzgerald owned zero of the membership interests at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Energy was managed through a Board of Managers comprised of five managers, one of whom, Fitzgerald, was appointed by 1347 Capital LLC, a former wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. With respect to any matter before the Board of Managers, the act of a majority of the managers constituting a quorum constituted the act of the Board. During 2018, Energy entered into a purchase and sale agreement dated, February 12, 2018, for the sale of Energy to an unrelated third party, pursuant to which the Company’s $1.8 million collateralized loan to Energy and a $0.7 million surety deposit were repaid in full and the Company’s equity investment, previously written down to zero under the equity method of accounting, was purchased. The transaction closed in a series of installments during the fourth quarter of 2018 and the first quarter of 2019.

1347 Investors LLC:

1347 Investors was formed on April 15, 2014 for the purpose of investing in and holding securities of 1347 Capital Corp., which subsequently merged with Limbach, a publicly traded company. The Company owned zero of the membership units at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company's investment in 1347 Investors prior to liquidation in the fourth quarter of 2019 was accounted for at fair value and reported as limited liability investments, at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets, with any changes in fair value to be reported in gain on change in fair value of limited liability investment, at fair value in the consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of this investment is calculated based on a model that distributes the net equity of 1347 Investors to all classes of membership interests. The model uses quoted market prices and significant market observable inputs. The most significant input to the model is the observed stock price of Limbach common stock.

ICL owned 100.0% of the membership units at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and Fitzgerald has served as a member of the ICL Board of Directors since June 9, 2016.

Pursuant to a Distribution and Redemption Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2019, by and among 1347 Investors and its members, the Company received distributions on November 19, 2019 of cash proceeds of $0.6 million, 594,750 shares of Limbach common stock and 400,000 warrants, exercisable at $15 and expiring July 20, 2023, on Limbach common shares. As a result of this distribution, the Company no longer owns membership units in 1347 Investors.

(e) Atlas Financial Holdings, Inc.

In November 2010, the Company issued promissory notes (the "Notes") to five employees (each a "Debtor" and collectively the "Debtors") for a total of $1.1 million, each Note bearing an interest rate of 3% (not compounding). The Debtors used the proceeds to purchase shares of common stock in Atlas Financial Holdings, Inc. ("Atlas"). Atlas was created via a triangular merger and spun-off from the Company in December 2010, at which time the Debtors became employees of Atlas and were no longer employees of the Company. The Notes required annual payments of interest on the anniversary date of the Notes, with the principal and any unpaid interest due in full on or before January 1, 2017, in the case of one of the Debtors, and November 1, 2017, in the case of the other four Debtors. Each Debtor was required to pledge to the Company the shares purchased utilizing the Notes proceeds, and such pledge was to be released once the note was paid in full. The current market value of the pledged shares is $0.1 million.

The Notes have been amended three times since their issuance, generally to extend payments of principal while also requiring progress payments that were not part of the original Notes. No principal has been waived, and interest continues to accrue on unpaid principal. The remaining principal amount outstanding on the Notes was $0.5 million as of March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a write-down of $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to the Notes for one of the Debtors. The remaining Debtors are current with the amended terms of the Notes. The Company



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

has concluded there are no indications the remaining Debtors were experiencing financial difficulties at the time of the amendments, and the Company expects to collect all remaining amounts due.

(f) Other related party transactions

On February 28, 2020, the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement (the "Consulting Agreement") with William A. Hickey, Jr. ("Hickey"), its former Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to which Hickey will provide consulting and transition support through at least April 30, 2020, subject to renewal thereafter by agreement of the parties. In accordance with the Consulting Agreement, Hickey will receive a consulting fee of $0.1 million for the months of March and April 2020 and an hourly consulting fee of $165 for time worked in subsequent months.

NOTE 23 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

(a) Legal proceedings:

In April 2018, TRT LeaseCo, LLC ("TRT LeaseCo"), an indirect subsidiary of Kingsway, was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York relating to CMC and its subsidiaries. Kingsway indirectly owns 81% of CMC. TRT LeaseCo (an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of CMC) entered into a Management Services Agreement (the "MSA") with DGI-BNSF Corp. ("DGI") (an affiliate of the entity that owns the remaining 19% of CMC) in July 2016 pursuant to which, among other things, DGI agreed to provide services to TRT LeaseCo in exchange for the fees specified in the MSA. The complaint filed by DGI alleges that DGI is owed certain fees under the MSA that have not been paid. If the case is decided against TRT LeaseCo, CMC and its subsidiaries (including TRT LeaseCo) would be unable to fulfill certain payment obligations to Kingsway under the transaction documents such that Kingsway may no longer be able to realize a material portion of the economic benefits originally anticipated to result from the CMC transaction, which could have a material adverse effect on Kingsway’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Kingsway disagrees with DGI’s allegations and is vigorously defending these claims; however, there can be no assurance that Kingsway will ultimately prevail. The Company’s potential exposure under these agreements is not reasonably determinable, and no liability has been recorded in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements at March 31, 2020. No assurances can be given, however, that the Company will not be required to perform under these agreements in a manner that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flow.

In May 2016, Aegis Security Insurance Company ("Aegis") filed a complaint for breach of contract and declaratory relief against the Company in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania alleging, among other things, that the Company breached a contractual obligation to indemnify Aegis for certain customs bond losses incurred by Aegis under the indemnity and hold harmless agreements provided by the Company to Aegis for certain customs bonds reinsured by Lincoln General Insurance Company ("Lincoln General") during the period of time that Lincoln General was a subsidiary of the Company. Lincoln General was placed into liquidation in November 2015 and Aegis subsequently invoked its rights to indemnity under the indemnity and hold harmless agreements. Effective January 20, 2020, Aegis and the Company entered into a Settlement Agreement with respect to such litigation pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay Aegis a one-time settlement amount of $0.9 million, which the Company reported in its consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020, and to reimburse Aegis for 60% of future losses that Aegis may sustain in connection with such customs bonds, up to a maximum reimbursement amount of $4.8 million. The Company’s potential exposure under these agreements was not reasonably determinable at March 31, 2020, and no liability has been recorded in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements at March 31, 2020.

(b) Guarantee:

As further discussed in Note 5, "Acquisition and Discontinued Operations," as part of the transaction to sell Mendota, the Company will indemnify the buyer for loss and loss adjustment expenses with respect to open claims in excess of Mendota's carried unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses at June 30, 2018 related to the open claims. The Company's potential exposure under these agreements was not reasonably determinable at March 31, 2020, and no liability has been recorded in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements at March 31, 2020.

The Company has entered into subscription agreements to commit up to $2.6 million of capital to allow for participation in limited liability investments. At March 31, 2020, the unfunded commitment was zero.

NOTE 24 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) March 31, 2020

(a) COVID-19

In March 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of the coronavirus was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, and the outbreak has become increasingly widespread in the United States, including in the markets in which we operate. The COVID-19 outbreak has had a notable impact on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary closures of many businesses; "shelter in place" and other governmental regulations; and reduced consumer spending due to both job losses and other effects attributable to COVID-19. The near-term impacts of COVID-19 are primarily with respect to the Company’s Extended Warranty segment. As consumer spending has been impacted, including a decline in the purchase of new and used vehicles, and many businesses through which the Company distributes its products remain closed, the Company has seen cash flows being affected by a reduction in new warranty sales for vehicle service agreements. With respect to homeowner warranties, the Company has seen a reduction in new enrollments in its home warranty programs associated with the impact of COVID-19 on new home sales in the United States. There remain many unknowns and the Company continues to monitor the expected trends and related demand for its services and has and will continue to adjust its operations accordingly.

The Company could experience other potential impacts as a result of COVID-19, including, but not limited to, potential impairment charges to the carrying amounts of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and long-lived assets, as well as the loss in value of investments. Actual results may differ materially from the Company’s current estimates as the scope of COVID-19 evolves or if the duration of business disruptions is longer than initially anticipated.

(b) Paycheck Protection Program

In April 2020, certain subsidiaries of the Company received loan proceeds under the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), totaling $2.9 million with a stated annual interest rate of 1.00%. The PPP, established as part of the CARES Act, provides for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times of the average monthly payroll costs (as defined for purposes of the PPP) of the qualifying business. The loans and accrued interest are forgivable as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, costs, rent and utilities, during the twenty-four week period following the borrower’s receipt of the loan and maintains its payroll levels and employee headcount. The amount of loan forgiveness will be reduced if the borrower reduces its employee headcount below its average employee headcount during a benchmark period or significantly reduces salaries for certain employees during the covered period. The Company intends to use the entire loan amount for qualifying expenses, but there is no guarantee that the loans will be forgiven.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Management's Discussion and Analysis includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are not historical facts, and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “seeks” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect Kingsway management’s current beliefs, based on information currently available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, see Kingsway’s securities filings, including its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 ("2019 Annual Report"). The Company's securities filings can be accessed on the Canadian Securities Administrators’ website at www.sedar.com, on the EDGAR section of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov or through the Company’s website at www.kingsway-financial.com. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements because of new information, future events or otherwise.

OVERVIEW

Kingsway is a Delaware holding company with operating subsidiaries located in the United States. The Company owns or controls subsidiaries primarily in the extended warranty, asset management and real estate industries. Kingsway conducts its business through two reportable segments: Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate.

Extended Warranty includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: IWS Acquisition Corporation ("IWS"), Trinity Warranty Solutions LLC ("Trinity"), Professional Warranty Service Corporation ("PWSC") and Geminus Holding Company, Inc. ("Geminus"). Throughout Management's Discussion and Analysis, the term "Extended Warranty" is used to refer to this segment.

Trinity sells heating, ventilation, air conditioning ("HVAC"), standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration warranty products and provides equipment breakdown and maintenance support services to companies across the United States. As a seller of warranty products, Trinity markets and administers product warranty contracts for certain new and used products in the HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration industries throughout the United States. Trinity acts as an agent on behalf of the third-party insurance companies that underwrite and guaranty these warranty contracts. Trinity does not guaranty the performance underlying the warranty contracts it sells. As a provider of equipment breakdown and maintenance support services, Trinity acts as a single point of contact to its clients for both certain equipment breakdowns and scheduled maintenance of equipment. Trinity will provide such repair and breakdown services by contracting with certain HVAC providers.

Geminus primarily sells vehicle service agreements to used car buyers across the United States, through its subsidiaries, The Penn Warranty Corporation ("Penn") and Prime Auto Care, Inc. ("Prime"). Penn and Prime distribute these products in 32 and 40 states, respectively, via independent used car dealerships and franchised car dealerships.

Leased Real Estate includes the Company's subsidiary, CMC Industries, Inc. ("CMC"). CMC owns, through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary (the "Property Owner"), a parcel of real property consisting of approximately 192 acres located in the State of Texas (the "Real Property"), which is subject to a long-term triple net lease agreement. The Real Property is also subject to a mortgage, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets (the "Mortgage"). Throughout Management's Discussion and Analysis, the term "Leased Real Estate" is used to refer to this segment.

Impact of COVID-19



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

we operate. The COVID-19 outbreak has had a notable impact on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary closures of many businesses; "shelter in place" and other governmental regulations; and reduced consumer spending due to both job losses and other effects attributable to COVID-19. There remain many unknowns.

The near-term impacts of COVID-19 are primarily with respect to our Extended Warranty segment. As consumer spending has been impacted, including a decline in the purchase of new and used vehicles, and many businesses through which we distribute our products remain closed, we have seen cash flows being affected by a reduction in new warranty sales for vehicle service agreements. With respect to homeowner warranties, we have seen a reduction in new enrollments in our home warranty programs associated with the impact of COVID-19 on new home sales in the United States.

On March 27, 2020, the President of the United States signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act, a substantial tax-and-spending package intended to provide additional economic stimulus to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We continue to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak closely, as well as any effects that may result from the CARES Act. However, the extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak will impact our operations or financial results is uncertain.

NON-U.S. GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURE

Throughout this quarterly report, we present our operations in the way we believe will be most meaningful, useful and transparent to anyone using this financial information to evaluate our performance. Our unaudited consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information. In addition to the U.S. GAAP presentation of net loss, we present segment operating income as a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, which we believe is valuable in managing our business and drawing comparisons to our peers. Below is a definition of our non-U.S. GAAP measure and its relationship to U.S. GAAP.

Segment Operating Income

Segment operating income represents one measure of the pretax profitability of our segments and is derived by subtracting direct segment expenses from direct segment revenues. Revenues and expenses are presented in the unaudited consolidated statements of operations, but are not subtotaled by segment; however, this information is available in total and by segment in Note 20, "Segmented Information," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, regarding reportable segment information. The nearest comparable U.S. GAAP measure is (loss) income before income tax expense (benefit) that, in addition to segment operating income, includes net investment income, net realized gains, (loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments, gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value, net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments, other-than-temporary impairment loss, interest expense not allocated to segments, other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net, amortization of intangible assets, gain on change in fair value of debt and equity in net loss of investee. A reconciliation of segment operating income to (loss) income before income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 is presented in Table 1 of the "Results of Continuing Operations" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of unaudited consolidated interim financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in estimates are recorded in the accounting period in which they are determined. The critical accounting estimates and assumptions in the accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements include the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses; valuation of fixed maturities and equity investments; impairment assessment of investments; valuation of limited liability investments, at fair value; valuation of real estate investments; valuation of deferred income taxes; valuation of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock; valuation and impairment assessment of intangible assets; goodwill recoverability; deferred acquisition costs; fair value assumptions for subordinated debt obligations; fair value assumptions for warrant liability; and revenue recognition.

The Company’s critical accounting estimates and assumptions are described in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the 2019 Annual Report. There has been no material change subsequent to December 31, 2019 to the information previously disclosed in the 2019 Annual Report with respect to these critical accounting estimates and assumptions.

RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS



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A reconciliation of total segment operating income to net (loss) income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 is presented in Table 1 below:

Table 1 Segment Operating Income

(in thousands of dollars)



	For the three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019			Change
Segment operating income:
Extended Warranty	$	850		$	567		$	283
Leased Real Estate	597			452			145
Total segment operating income	1,447			1,019			428
Net investment income	719			699			20
Net realized gains	208			315			(107		)
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of equity investments	(597		)	78			(675		)
Gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value	1,899			4,265			(2,366		)
Net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments	(670		)	19			(689		)
Other-than-temporary impairment loss	(117		)	(75		)	(42		)
Interest expense not allocated to segments	(2,153		)	(2,102		)	(51		)
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net	(3,030		)	(1,764		)	(1,266		)
Amortization of intangible assets	(574		)	(521		)	(53		)
Gain on change in fair value of debt	2,645			576			2,069
Equity in net loss of investee	—			(33		)	33
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)	(223		)	2,476			(2,699		)
Income tax expense (benefit)	170			(713		)	883
Net (loss) income	$	(393	)	$	3,189		$	(3,582	)

Net (Loss) Income

In the first quarter of 2020, we reported net loss of $0.4 million compared to net income of $3.2 million in the first quarter of 2019. The net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is primarily due to interest expense not allocated to segments and other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net, partially offset by gain on change in fair value of debt and gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value. The net income for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is primarily due operating income in Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate, net investment income, income tax benefit and gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value, partially offset by interest expense not allocated to segments and other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net.

Extended Warranty

The Extended Warranty service fee and commission income increased 14.3% (or $1.4 million) to $11.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $9.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in service fee and commission income is primarily due to:


•	The inclusion of Geminus for the entire first quarter of 2020 following its acquisition effective March 1, 2019. Geminus service fee and commission income was $0.0 million and $0.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively;


•	A $0.2 million increase at IWS, primarily driven by an increase of policies-in-force, and a $0.2 million increase at PWSC; and


•	A $1.1 million decrease at Trinity, driven by reduced revenues in its equipment breakdown and maintenance support services, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The Extended Warranty operating income was $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is primarily reflective of the inclusion of Geminus for the entire first quarter of 2020 following its acquisition effective March 1, 2019. Geminus operating income was $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with an operating loss of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease in service fee and commission income for the three



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months ended March 31, 2020 noted above from Trinity’s equipment breakdown and maintenance support services was largely offset by a related decrease in cost of services sold.

Leased Real Estate

Leased Real Estate rental income was $3.3 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The rental income is derived from CMC's long-term triple net lease. Leased Real Estate operating income was $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is primarily attributable to lower litigation expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. See Note 23, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements for further details. Leased Real Estate operating income includes interest expense of $1.5 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and and 2019.

Net Realized Gains

Net realized gains were $0.2 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $0.3 million in the first quarter of 2019. The net realized gains for the three months ended March 31, 2020 relate primarily to sales of fixed maturities and distributions received from one of the Company’s investments in which its carrying value previously had been written down to zero as a result of prior distributions. The net realized gains for the three months ended March 31, 2019 relate primarily to a realized gain on the sale of 1347 Energy Holdings LLC ("Energy"). See Note 22, "Related Parties," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for further information about the sale of Energy.

(Loss) Gain on Change in Fair Value of Equity Investments

Loss on change in fair value of equity investments was $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to a gain of $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2019. The loss on change in fair value of equity investments includes net realized losses of zero and less than $0.1 million on equity investments sold during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively and unrealized losses of $0.6 million and unrealized gains of $0.1 million on equity investments held during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Gain on Change in Fair Value of Limited Liability Investments, at Fair Value

Gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value was $1.9 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $4.3 million in the first quarter of 2019. The gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value includes an increase in fair value of $1.9 million and a decrease in fair value of less than $0.1 million related to Net Lease Investment Grade Portfolio LLC ("Net Lease") during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively, and increases in fair value of zero and $4.2 million related to 1347 Investors LLC (“1347 Investors”) during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company’s investment in 1347 Investors was dissolved. See Note 22, "Related Parties," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements for further information about the dissolution of 1347 Investors.

Net Change in Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Private Company Investments

Net change in unrealized (loss) gain on private company investments was a loss of $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to a gain of less than $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2019. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, the Company recorded adjustments of zero and less than $0.1 million, respectively, to adjust the fair values of certain investments in private companies for observable price changes. Also, as part of the Company’s quarterly impairment analysis of its investments in private companies, the Company determined it should write down one of its investments by 90%, or $0.7 million, for other-than-temporary impairment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 on the investment’s underlying business.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Loss

As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the Company recorded write-downs of $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to other investments and limited liability investments, respectively, for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Interest Expense not Allocated to Segments

Interest expense not allocated to segments for the first quarter of 2020 was $2.2 million compared to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2019. The net increase for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is attributable to:



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•	The KWH Loan, related to the acquisition of Geminus effective March 1, 2019, being outstanding for the entire first quarter of 2020. Interest expense related to the KWH Loan was $0.3 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively;


•	A decrease in interest expense related to the PWSC Loan, which was fully repaid on January 30, 2020; and

•

The Company’s subordinated debt, which resulted from generally lower London interbank offered interest rates for three-month U.S. dollar deposits ("LIBOR") during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The Company's subordinated debt bears interest at the rate of LIBOR, plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%. See Note 5, "Acquisition and Discontinued Operations," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements and “Debt" section below for further details.

Other Income and Expenses not Allocated to Segments, Net

Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net was a net expense of $3.0 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $1.8 million in the first quarter of 2019. The increase for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is primarily attributable to higher professional services fees incurred with the Company’s outside auditors related to the Company's 2018 Annual Report, which was filed on February 27, 2020, and $0.9 million of expense recorded pursuant to a settlement agreement related to outstanding litigation between the Company and Aegis Security Insurance Company. See Note 23, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for further discussion.

Amortization of Intangible Assets

The Company's intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Amortization of intangible assets was $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2019. The increase in amortization of intangible assets is reflective of the inclusion of Geminus for the entire first quarter of 2020 following its acquisition effective March 1, 2019. Amortization of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 includes $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, related to the Company’s acquisition of Geminus. See Note 5, "Acquisition and Discontinued Operations," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements for further details on the Company’s acquisition of Geminus.

Gain on Change in Fair Value of Debt

Gain on change in fair value of debt amounted to $2.6 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $0.6 million in the first quarter of 2019. The gains for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 reflect decreases in the fair value of the subordinated debt resulting from changes in inputs, other than the instrument-specific credit risk, to the Company’s fair value model which were primarily a result of lower overall LIBOR rates. See "Debt" section below for further information.

Equity in Net Loss of Investee

Equity in net loss of investee for the first quarter of 2019 was less than $0.1 million. Equity in net loss of investee represents the Company's investment in Itasca Capital Ltd. ("ICL"). During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company sold its remaining investment in the common stock of ICL. See Note 7, "Investment in Investee," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for further discussion.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense for the first quarter of 2020 was $0.2 million compared to a benefit of $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2019. See Note 16, "Income Taxes," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for additional detail of the income tax expense (benefit) recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019.

INVESTMENTS

Portfolio Composition

The following is an overview of how we account for our various investments:



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.


•	Investments in fixed maturities are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value.


•	Equity investments are reported at fair value.


•	Limited liability investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The most recently available financial statements of the limited liability investments are used in applying the equity method. The difference between the end of the reporting period of the limited liability investments and that of the Company is no more than three months.


•	Limited liability investments, at fair value represent the underlying investments of the Company’s consolidated entities Net Lease and Argo Holdings.


•	Investments in private companies consist of: convertible preferred stocks and notes in privately owned companies; and investments in limited liability companies in which the Company’s interests are deemed minor. These investments do not have readily determinable fair values and, therefore, are reported at cost, adjusted for observable price changes and impairments.


•	Real estate investments are reported at fair value.


•	Other investments include collateral loans and are reported at their unpaid principal balance.


•	Short-term investments, which consist of investments with original maturities between three months and one year, are reported at cost, which approximates fair value.

At March 31, 2020, we held cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and investments with a carrying value of $96.8 million.

Investments held by our insurance subsidiary, Amigo, must comply with domiciliary state regulations that prescribe the type, quality and concentration of investments. Our U.S. operations typically invest in U.S. dollar-denominated instruments to mitigate their exposure to currency rate fluctuations.

Table 2 below summarizes the carrying value of investments, including cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, at the dates indicated.

TABLE 2 Carrying value of investments, including cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

(in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)



Type of investment	March 31, 2020	% of Total		December 31, 2019	% of Total
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities	5,629	5.8	%	13,316	13.7	%
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	603	0.6	%	600	0.6	%
Mortgage-backed	4,054	4.2	%	2,939	3.0	%
Corporate	4,961	5.1	%	5,340	5.5	%
Total fixed maturities	15,247	15.7	%	22,195	22.8	%
Equity investments:
Common stock	1,817	1.9	%	2,406	2.5	%
Warrants	8	—	%	15	—	%
Total equity investments	1,825	1.9	%	2,421	2.5	%
Limited liability investments	3,776	3.9	%	3,841	4.0	%
Limited liability investments, at fair value	30,986	32.0	%	29,078	30.0	%
Investments in private companies	1,364	1.4	%	2,035	2.1	%
Real estate investments	10,662	11.0	%	10,662	11.0	%
Other investments	841	0.9	%	1,009	1.0	%
Short-term investments	156	0.2	%	155	0.2	%
Total investments	64,857	67.0	%	71,396	73.6	%
Cash and cash equivalents	14,036	14.5	%	13,478	13.9	%
Restricted cash	17,891	18.5	%	12,183	12.5	%
Total	96,784	100.0	%	97,057	100.0	%

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

The Company performs a quarterly analysis of its investments classified as available-for-sale to determine if declines in market value are other-than-temporary. Further information regarding our detailed analysis and factors considered in establishing an other-than-temporary impairment on an investment is discussed within Note 6, "Investments," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

As a result of the analysis performed with respect to other investments, the Company recorded write-downs for other-than-temporary impairment of $0.1 million and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

As a result of the analysis performed with respect to limited liability investments, the Company recorded write-downs for other-than-temporary impairment of zero and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

As a result of the analysis performed with respect to investments in private companies, the Company recorded write-downs for other-than-temporary impairment of $0.7 million and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

There were no write-downs recorded for other-than-temporary impairments related to available-for sale investments or limited liability investments, at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019.

The length of time a fixed maturity investment may be held in an unrealized loss position may vary based on the opinion of the investment manager and their respective analyses related to valuation and to the various credit risks that may prevent us from recapturing the principal investment. In the case of a fixed maturity investment where the investment manager determines that there is little or no risk of default prior to the maturity of a holding, we would elect to hold the investment in an unrealized loss position until the price recovers or the investment matures. In situations where facts emerge that might increase the risk associated with recapture of principal, the Company may elect to sell a fixed maturity investment at a loss.

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the gross unrealized losses for fixed maturities amounted to less than $0.1 million, and there were no unrealized losses attributable to non-investment grade fixed maturities. At each of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all unrealized losses on individual investments were considered temporary.

Impact of COVID-19 on Investments

As discussed in Note 24, "Subsequent Events" to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, in March 2020 the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of the coronavirus was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, and the outbreak has become increasingly widespread in the United States, including in the markets in which we operate. The COVID-19 outbreak has had a notable impact on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary closures of many businesses; "shelter in place" and other governmental regulations; and reduced consumer spending due to both job losses and other effects attributable to COVID-19. There remain many unknowns.

UNPAID LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES

Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated liabilities for reported loss events, incurred but not reported loss events and the related estimated loss adjustment expenses.

Tables 3 and 4 present distributions, by line of business, of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses gross and net of external reinsurance, respectively.

TABLE 3 Provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses - gross

(in thousands of dollars)



Line of Business	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019
Non-standard automobile	403	475
Commercial automobile	129	73
Other	1,159	1,226
Total	1,691	1,774

TABLE 4 Provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses - net of reinsurance recoverable

(in thousands of dollars)



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.



Line of Business	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019
Non-standard automobile	403	475
Commercial automobile	129	73
Other	1,159	1,226
Total	1,691	1,774

Non-Standard Automobile

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the gross provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for our non-standard automobile business were $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The decrease is due to payments of loss and loss adjustment expenses at Amigo.

Commercial Automobile

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the gross provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for our commercial automobile business were $0.1 million.

Other

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the gross provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for our other business were $1.2 million.

Information with respect to development of our provision for prior years' loss and loss adjustment expenses is presented in Table 5.

TABLE 5 Increase in prior years' provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses

(in thousands of dollars)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020	2019
Unfavorable change in provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses for prior accident years	13	107

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company reported less than $0.1 million of unfavorable development for loss and loss adjustment expenses from prior accident years compared with unfavorable development of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The unfavorable development reported for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 was related to an increase in loss and loss adjustment expenses due to the continuing voluntary run-off of Amigo.

See the "Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition included in the 2019 Annual Report for additional information pertaining to the Company’s process of estimating the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses.

DEBT

Bank Loans

On October 12, 2017, the Company borrowed a principal amount of $5.0 million from a bank to partially finance its acquisition of PWSC (the "PWSC Loan"). The PWSC Loan has a fixed interest rate of 5.0% and is carried in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019 at its unpaid principal balance. The PWSC Loan was scheduled to mature on October 12, 2022; however, the principal was fully repaid on January 30, 2020.

On March 1, 2019, the Company borrowed a principal amount of $10.0 million from a bank to finance its acquisition of Geminus (the "KWH Loan"). The KWH Loan matures on March 1, 2024 and has an annual interest rate equal to LIBOR, having a floor of 2.00%, plus 9.25%. The KWH Loan is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its amortized cost, which reflects the quarterly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the discount using the effective interest rate method. See Note 13, "Debt," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements for further details.

The KWH Loan contains a number of covenants, including, but not limited to, minimum adjusted EBITDA, a leverage ratio and fixed charge ratio, all of which are as defined in and calculated pursuant to the KWH Loan that, among other things, restrict the



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Company’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens, make dividends and distributions, engage in mergers, acquisitions and consolidations, make certain payments and investments and dispose of certain assets.

Notes Payable

As part of the acquisition of CMC in July 2016, the Company assumed the Mortgage and recorded the Mortgage at its estimated fair value of $191.7 million, which included the unpaid principal amount of $180.0 million as of the date of acquisition plus a premium of $11.7 million. The Mortgage matures on May 15, 2034 and has a fixed interest rate of 4.07%. The Mortgage is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its amortized cost, which reflects the monthly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the premium using the effective interest rate method.

On January 5, 2015, Flower Portfolio 001, LLC assumed a $9.2 million mortgage in conjunction with the purchase of investment real estate properties ("the Flower Note"). The Flower Note matures on December 10, 2031 and has a fixed interest rate of 4.81%. The Flower Note is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its unpaid principal balance.

On October 15, 2015, Net Lease assumed a $9.0 million mezzanine debt in conjunction with the purchase of investment real estate properties ("the Net Lease Note"). The Net Lease Note matures on November 1, 2020 and has a fixed interest rate of 10.25%. The Net Lease Note is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its unpaid principal balance. Net Lease is exploring alternatives given that the Net Lease Note matures later this year and has commenced discussions with various parties. The Net Lease Note is non-recourse and, as such, the Company’s cash flows would not be significantly impacted should the Net Lease Note come due on November 1, 2020. However, such a situation could have a material adverse impact on the value of the Net Lease investment.

Subordinated Debt

Between December 4, 2002 and December 16, 2003, six subsidiary trusts of the Company issued $90.5 million of 30-year capital securities to third parties in separate private transactions. In each instance, a corresponding floating rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debenture was then issued by Kingsway America Inc. to the trust in exchange for the proceeds from the private sale. The floating rate debentures bear interest at the rate of LIBOR, plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%. The Company has the right to call each of these securities at par value any time after five years from their issuance until their maturity.

The Company's subordinated debt is measured and reported at fair value. At March 31, 2020, the carrying value of the subordinated debt is $40.4 million. The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated using a model based on significant market observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party. For a description of the market observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party used in determining fair value of debt, see Note 21, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the market observable swap rates changed, and the Company experienced an increase in the credit spread assumption developed by the third party. Changes in the market observable swap rates affect the fair value model in different ways. An increase in the LIBOR swap rates has the effect of increasing the fair value of the Company's subordinated debt while an increase in the risk-free swap rates has the effect of decreasing the fair value. The increase in the credit spread assumption has the effect of decreasing the fair value of the Company's subordinated debt while a decrease in the credit spread assumption has the effect of increasing the fair value. The other primary variable affecting the fair value of debt calculation is the passage of time, which will always have the effect of increasing the fair value of debt. The changes to the credit spread and swap rate variables during the three months ended March 31, 2020, along with the passage of time, contributed to the $14.3 million decrease in fair value of the Company’s subordinated debt between December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020.

Of the $14.3 million decrease in fair value of the Company’s subordinated debt between December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020, $11.6 million is reported as decrease in fair value of debt attributable to instrument-specific credit risk in the Company's unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income and $2.6 million is reported as gain on change in fair value of debt in the Company’s unaudited consolidated statements of operations.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. As a result of the adoption, a cumulative $40.5 million change in fair value of subordinated debt attributable to instrument-specific credit risk was reclassified from accumulated deficit to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of January 1, 2018. As long as the Company repays its subordinated debt at maturity, it can be expected that this $40.5 million reclassification will reverse without being reported in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Though changes in the market observable swap rates will continue to introduce some volatility each quarter to the Company’s reported gain or loss on change in fair value of debt, changes in the credit spread assumption developed by the third party will no longer introduce volatility to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the Company’s subordinated debt will eventually equal the principal value of the subordinated debt by the time of the stated redemption date of each trust, beginning with the trust maturing on December 4, 2032 and continuing through January 8, 2034, the redemption date of the last of the Company’s outstanding trusts.

For a description of each of the Company's six subsidiary trusts, see Note 13, "Debt," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

Paycheck Protection Program

In April 2020, certain subsidiaries of the Company received loan proceeds under the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), totaling $2.9 million with a stated annual interest rate of 1.00%. The PPP, established as part of the CARES Act, provides for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times of the average monthly payroll costs (as defined for purposes of the PPP) of the qualifying business. The loans and accrued interest are forgivable as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll costs, rent and utilities, during the twenty-four week period following the borrower’s receipt of the loan and maintains its payroll levels and employee headcount. The amount of loan forgiveness will be reduced if the borrower reduces its employee headcount below its average employee headcount during a benchmark period or significantly reduces salaries for certain employees during the covered period. The Company intends to use the entire loan amount for qualifying expenses, but there is no guarantee that the loans will be forgiven.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note 4, "Recently Issued Accounting Standards," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for discussion of certain accounting standards that may be applicable to the Company's current and future consolidated financial statements.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The purpose of liquidity management is to ensure there is sufficient cash to meet all financial commitments and obligations as they fall due. The liquidity requirements of the Company and its subsidiaries have been met primarily by funds generated from operations, capital raising, disposal of discontinued operations, investment maturities and income and other returns received on investments or from the sale of investments. Cash provided from these sources is used primarily for making investments and for warranty expenses and loss and loss adjustment expense payments, debt servicing and other operating expenses. The timing and amount of payments for loss and loss adjustment expenses may differ materially from our provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, which may create increased liquidity requirements.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Cash Flows

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company reported on the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows $0.6 million of net cash provided by operating activities. The reconciliation between the Company's reported net loss of $0.4 million and the $0.6 million of net cash provided by operating activities can be explained primarily by the $1.7 million of depreciation and amortization expense, the $0.7 million net change in unrealized loss on private company investments, the $0.6 million loss on change in fair value of equity investments, the $2.3 million decrease in other receivables and the $0.7 million of other, net, partially offset by the $1.9 million gain on change in fair value of limited liability investments, at fair value, the $2.6 million gain on change in fair value of debt, the $0.2 million of amortization of note payable premium and $0.2 million in net realized gains.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the net cash provided by investing activities as reported on the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows was $7.3 million. This source of cash was primarily attributed to proceeds from sales and maturities of fixed maturities in excess of purchases of fixed maturities.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the net cash used in financing activities as reported on the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows was $1.7 million. This use of cash was primarily attributed to principal repayments on bank loans of $0.6 million and principal repayments of $1.0 million on the notes payable.

In summary, as reported on the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company's net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $6.3 million.

Receipt of dividends from the Company's insurance subsidiaries has not generally been considered a source of liquidity for the holding company. The insurance subsidiaries require regulatory approval for the return of capital and, in certain circumstances, prior to the payment of dividends. At March 31, 2020, the insurance subsidiaries of the Company were restricted from making any dividend payments to the holding company without regulatory approval pursuant to the domiciliary insurance regulations.

Actions available to the holding company to increase liquidity in order to meet its obligations include the sale of passive investments; sale of subsidiaries; issuance of debt or equity securities; distributions from the Company’s Extended Warranty subsidiaries, as further described below; and giving notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters on the six subsidiary trusts of the Company’s subordinated debt, which right the Company exercised during the third quarter of 2018.

On March 1, 2019, the Company closed on the acquisition of Geminus, a specialty, full-service provider of vehicle service agreements and other finance and insurance products offered through its subsidiaries, Penn and Prime. Geminus, Penn and Prime are included in Extended Warranty. Related to the Geminus acquisition, the Company secured the KWH Loan. IWS, Trinity, Geminus, Penn and Prime are borrowers under the KWH Loan. Pursuant to satisfying the covenants under the KWH Loan, IWS, Trinity, Geminus, Penn and Prime are permitted to make distributions to the holding company in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1.5 million in any 12-month period.

Separately, pursuant to covenants under the PWSC Loan secured to partially finance the acquisition of PWSC on October 12, 2017, PWSC was not permitted to make distributions to the holding company without the consent of the lender. The PWSC Loan was scheduled to mature on October 12, 2022; however, the remaining principal totaling $0.3 million was fully repaid on January 30, 2020 and, as such, PWSC is no longer subject to such restrictions.

Dividends from the Leased Real Estate segment are not generally considered a source of liquidity for the holding company. The Company executed a lease amendment in 2017 whereby the tenant will pay an aggregate $25.0 million of additional rental income through May 2034, the remaining term of the lease (the "Lease Amendment"). Because of the Lease Amendment, CMC may be in a position to distribute to the Company some of the cash received from the additional rental income. Any material cash flow to the Company, however, to help the Company meet its holding company obligations remains likely to occur only upon the occurrence of one of the three events described in the next paragraph that would trigger payment of service fees. There can be no assurance as to the timing of the occurrence, or the resulting outcome, from one of these events.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Pursuant to the terms of the management services agreement entered into at the closing of the acquisition of CMC, an affiliate of the seller (the "Service Provider") will provide certain services to CMC and its subsidiaries in exchange for service fees. Such services (collectively, the "Services") will include (i) causing an affiliate of the Service Provider to guaranty certain obligations of the Property Owner (pursuant to an Indemnity and Guaranty Agreement between such affiliate and the holder of the Mortgage (the "Mortgagor")), (ii) providing certain individuals to serve as members of the board of directors and/or certain executive officers of CMC and/or its subsidiaries and (iii) providing asset management services with respect to the Real Property. In exchange for the Services, the Property Owner will pay certain fees to the Service Provider. The payment of such service fees may be triggered by (i) a sale of the Real Property, (ii) a restructuring of the lease to which the Real Property is subject or (iii) a refinancing or restructuring of the Mortgage. The amount of the service fees will range from 40%-80% of the net proceeds generated by the event triggering the payment of the service fees (depending on the nature and timing of the triggering event). The Company has concluded the Lease Amendment has not triggered the payment of service fees to the Service Provider. See Note 23, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, for further discussion.

The holding company’s liquidity, defined as the amount of cash in the bank accounts of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and Kingsway America Inc., was $4.0 million and $2.3 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts are reflected in the cash and cash equivalents of $14.0 million and $13.5 million reported at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash other than the holding company’s liquidity represent restricted and unrestricted cash held by Amigo, Kingsway Re and the Company’s Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate subsidiaries and are not considered to be available to meet holding company obligations, except as described above with respect to the Company’s Extended Warranty subsidiaries, which primarily consist of holding company operating expenses; transaction-related expenses; investments; and any other extraordinary demands on the holding company.

The holding company’s liquidity of $4.0 million at March 31, 2020 represented approximately nine months of regularly recurring operating expenses before any transaction-related expenses, any new holding company investments or any other extraordinary demands on the holding company. As of the filing date of this report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020, the holding company’s liquidity of $1.8 million represented approximately four months of regularly recurring operating expenses before any transaction-related expenses, any new holding company investments or any other extraordinary demands on the holding company. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company gave notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters, pursuant to the contractual terms of its outstanding Trust Preferred indentures, which permit interest deferral.

The holding company’s liquidity at March 31, 2020 and as of the filing date of this report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020 represents only actual cash on hand and does not include cash that would be made available to the holding company from the sale of investments, particularly investments in publicly traded securities, owned by the holding company. In addition, the holding company has access to some of the operating cash generated by the Extended Warranty subsidiaries as described above. While these sources do not represent cash of the holding company as of the filing date of this report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020, they do represent future sources of liquidity.

As of March 31, 2020, there are 182,876 shares of the Company’s Class A Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Shares"), issued and outstanding. Any outstanding Preferred Shares would be required to be redeemed by the Company on April 1, 2021 ("Redemption Date") at a redemption value of $6.7 million (assuming all current outstanding Preferred Shares would be redeemed), if the Company has sufficient legally available funds to do so. Additionally, the Company has exercised its right to defer payment of interest on its outstanding subordinated debt ("trust preferred securities") and, because of the deferral which totaled $10.5 million at March 31, 2020, the Company is prohibited from redeeming any shares of its capital stock while payment of interest on the trust preferred securities is being deferred. If, as of April 1, 2021, the Company was required to pay both the deferred interest on the trust preferred securities and redeem all the Preferred Shares currently outstanding, then the Company currently projects that it would not have sufficient legally available funds to do so. However, the Company would be prohibited from doing so under Delaware law and, as such, (a) the interest estimated to be $14.9 million on March 31, 2021 on the trust preferred securities would remain on deferral as permitted under the indentures and (b) in accordance with Delaware law the Preferred Shares would not be redeemed on the Redemption Date (with a redemption value of $6.7 million) and would instead remain outstanding and continue to accrue dividends until such time as the Company has sufficient legally available funds to redeem the Preferred Shares and is not otherwise prohibited from doing so. In such a situation, the Company would continue to operate in the ordinary course.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Regulatory Capital

In the United States, a risk-based capital ("RBC") formula is used by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") to identify property and casualty insurance companies that may not be adequately capitalized. In general, insurers reporting surplus as regards policyholders below 200% of the authorized control level, as defined by the NAIC, at December 31 are subject to varying levels of regulatory action, including discontinuation of operations. As of December 31, 2019, surplus as regards policyholders reported by Amigo exceeded the 200% threshold.

During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company began taking steps to place all of Amigo into voluntary run-off. In April 2013, Kingsway filed a comprehensive run-off plan with the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation, which outlines plans for Amigo's run-off. Amigo remains in compliance with that plan.

Kingsway Re, our reinsurance subsidiary domiciled in Barbados, is required by the regulator in Barbados to maintain minimum statutory capital of $125,000. Kingsway Re is currently operating with statutory capital near the regulatory minimum, requiring us to periodically contribute capital to fund operating expenses. Kingsway Re incurs operating expenses of approximately $0.1 million per year.

New York Stock Exchange Listing Standards

On April 17, 2020, the Company received notification from the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") of the Company's noncompliance with certain NYSE standards for continued listing of its common shares. Specifically, Kingsway is below the NYSE's continued listing criteria because its average total market capitalization over a recent 30 consecutive trading day period was less than $50.0 million at the same time that reported shareholders' equity was below $50.0 million. Under the NYSE's continued listing criteria, a NYSE-listed company must maintain average market capitalization of not less than $50.0 million over a 30 consecutive trading day period or reported shareholders' equity of not less than $50.0 million.

The Company had 90 days from the date of the notice to submit a business plan to the NYSE demonstrating its ability to achieve compliance with the listing standards within 18 months of receiving the notice. The Company submitted a business plan to the NYSE on June 1, 2020, intended to demonstrate its ability to achieve compliance with the listing standards within 18 months of receiving the notice. On July 9, 2020, the NYSE notified us that our plan has been accepted. There can be no assurances that the Company will maintain compliance with the plan. If we are unable to comply with the plan or we are unable to meet the continued listing standard by December 26, 2021, we will be subject to the prompt initiation of NYSE suspension and delisting procedures.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Company has off-balance sheet arrangements related to guarantees, which are further described in Note 23, "Commitments and Contingent Liabilities," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in interest or currency exchange rates and equity prices. We have exposure to market risk through our investment activities and our financing activities.

Given our U.S. operations typically invest in U.S. dollar denominated fixed maturity instruments, our primary market risk exposures in the investments portfolio are to changes in interest rates. Periodic changes in interest rate levels generally affect our financial results to the extent that the investments are recorded at market value and reinvestment yields are different than the original yields on maturing instruments. During periods of rising interest rates, the market values of the existing fixed maturities will generally decrease. The reverse is true during periods of declining interest rates.

We manage our exposure to risks associated with interest rate fluctuations through active review of our investment portfolio by our management and Board of Directors, consultation with third-party financial advisors and by managing the maturity profile of our fixed maturity portfolio. Our goal is to maximize the total after-tax return on all of our investments. An important strategy



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

we employ to achieve this goal is to try to hold enough in cash and short-term investments in order to avoid liquidating longer-term investments to pay loss and loss adjustment expenses or warranty contract expenses.

Table 6 below summarizes the fair value by contractual maturities of the fixed maturities portfolio, excluding cash and cash equivalents, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

TABLE 6 Fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturity date

(in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)



	March 31, 2020	% of Total		December 31, 2019	% of Total
Due in less than one year	4,183	27.4	%	7,011	31.6	%
Due in one through five years	9,676	63.5	%	13,554	61.1	%
Due after five through ten years	549	3.6	%	672	3.0	%
Due after ten years	839	5.5	%	958	4.3	%
Total	15,247	100.0	%	22,195	100.0	%

At March 31, 2020, 90.9% of fixed maturities, including treasury bills, government bonds and corporate bonds, had contractual maturities of five years or less. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain issuers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The Company holds cash and high-grade short-term assets that, along with fixed maturities, management believes are sufficient in amount for the payment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, warranty contract expenses and other obligations on a timely basis. In the event additional cash is required to meet obligations to our policyholders and customers, we believe the high-quality investments in the portfolios provide us with sufficient liquidity.

Based upon the results of interest rate sensitivity analysis, Table 7 below shows the interest rate risk of our investments in fixed maturities, measured in terms of fair value (which is equal to the carrying value for all our fixed maturity securities), at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

TABLE 7 Sensitivity analysis on fixed maturities

(in thousands of dollars)



	100 Basis Point Decrease in Interest Rates		No Change		100 Basis Point Increase in Interest Rates
As of March 31, 2020
Estimated fair value	$	15,483	$	15,247	$	15,011
Estimated increase (decrease) in fair value	$	236	$	—	$	(236	)

As of December 31, 2019
Estimated fair value	$	22,494	$	22,195	$	21,896
Estimated increase (decrease) in fair value	$	299	$	—	$	(299	)

We use both fixed and variable rate debt as sources of financing. Because our subordinated debt and KWH Loan are LIBOR-based, our primary market risk related to financing activities is to changes in LIBOR. As of March 31, 2020, each one hundred basis point increase in LIBOR would result in an approximately $1.0 million increase in our annual interest expense.

Equity Risk

Equity risk is the risk we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in equity prices. Our exposure to changes in equity prices results from our holdings of common stock. We principally manage equity price risk through industry and issuer diversification and asset allocation techniques and by continuously evaluating market conditions.

Credit Risk

Credit risk is defined as the risk of financial loss due to failure of the other party to a financial instrument to discharge an obligation. Credit risk arises from our positions in short-term investments, corporate debt instruments and government bonds.



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The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for the oversight of key investment policies and limits. These policies and limits are subject to annual review and approval by the Investment Committee. The Investment Committee is also responsible for ensuring these policies are implemented and procedures are in place to manage and control credit risk.

Table 8 below summarizes the composition of the fair values of fixed maturities, excluding cash and cash equivalents, at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, by rating as assigned by Standard and Poor's ("S&P") or Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's"). Fixed maturities consist of predominantly high-quality instruments in corporate and government bonds with 94.0% of those investments rated 'A' or better at March 31, 2020.

TABLE 8 Credit ratings of fixed maturities

(ratings as a percentage of total fixed maturities)



Rating (S&P/Moody's)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
AAA/Aaa	54.1	%	73.7	%
AA/Aa	12.1		22.9
A/A	27.8		2.5
Percentage rated A/A2 or better	94.0	%	99.1	%
BBB/Baa	6.0		0.9
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") as of March 31, 2020. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s management recognizes that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to meet reasonable assurance standards. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints that require the Company’s management to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2020, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as a result of unremediated material weaknesses in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that were discovered during the course of the 2018 external audit of the accounts, relating to the accounting for and disclosure of certain complex and nonrecurring transactions; the accounting for and disclosure of certain other items; monitoring the collectability of accounts receivable balances; other-than-temporary impairment on equity method investments; and certain account reconciliations; as well as the result of a material weakness in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that was discovered during the course of the 2019 external audit of the accounts, relating to the accounting for certain investments at fair value (collectively, "Identified Material Weaknesses"). Not all material weaknesses necessarily present the same risks from period to period as a result of differing events and transactions which have occurred or may occur in current and future periods.

Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A material weakness is defined as a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

With respect to the accounting for and disclosure of certain complex and nonrecurring transactions, the execution of the controls over the application of accounting literature did not operate effectively with respect to:



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.


•	the reclassification of investment income, related to equity method investments, from loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes to net investment income in the consolidated statement of operations;


•	the identification, accounting and disclosure of investments demonstrating characteristics of variable interest entities, including the consolidation of certain investments;


•	the adoption and application of ASU 2014-09;


•	identification, disclosure and accounting for equity-classified warrants; and


•	purchase accounting, as it relates to the identification and valuation of intangible assets and goodwill.

Concerning the accounting for and disclosure of certain other items, the execution of the controls over the application of accounting literature did not operate effectively with respect to separating restricted cash from cash and cash equivalents on the face of the consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, the Company did not have adequate controls in place pertaining to disclosure of related parties.

Regarding the collectability of accounts receivable balances, the Company did not have adequate controls and procedures with respect to evaluating balances for collectability, including the lack of a formal policy governing the review of accounts, as well as calculating and documenting necessary reserves.

With respect to other-than-temporary impairment on equity method investments, the Company did not properly apply the accounting literature when performing its analysis in determining whether its investment in investee was other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2018.

With respect to the lack of adequate procedures regarding certain account reconciliations, there were errors in the reconciliation of account balances as they were not performed timely and/or at a level of precision to identify errors and incorrect balance sheet and income statement classification for certain cash, receivable, deposit, accounts payable, deferred revenue, escheat liability and investment income accounts.

Finally, with respect to the accounting for certain investments at fair value, the Company did not properly update the fair value of certain limited liability investments, at fair value as of December 31, 2019.

These matters were discovered during the course of the external audits of the accounts and were reviewed with the Company's Audit Committee. Certain of the 2018 material weaknesses resulted in the restatement described in Note 3, "Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements," to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed on February 27, 2020.

As a result of the identified material weaknesses, the Company’s management directed a comprehensive review of its consolidated financial statements to assess the possibility of further material misstatements that may remain unidentified. As a result of such review, and notwithstanding the material weaknesses described above, the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that the unaudited consolidated financial statements contained in this Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP.

Remediation Process

The Company has been evaluating the material weaknesses and is in process of executing its plan to strengthen the effectiveness of the design and operation of its internal control environment. The remediation plan includes the following actions:


•	Perform a comprehensive assessment of all existing accounting policies and revise existing policies and/or introduce new policies, as needed;


•	Enhance the formality of its review procedures with respect to its accounting for any new investments, as well as the periodic evaluation of existing investments;


•	Implement additional review procedures with respect to its accounting under ASU 2014-09 to ensure the Company’s accounting will continue to be in accordance with that standard on a go-forward basis;


•	Implement additional identification, accounting and review controls with respect to complex and nonrecurring transactions, as well as augment existing staff with outside skilled accounting resources, as appropriate, and strengthen the review process to improve the operation of financial reporting and corresponding internal controls;


•	Enhance the formality and rigor with respect to identifying and tracking all material related party transactions, as well updating its disclosures controls to enhance the focus on related party disclosure requirements;


•	Enhance the formality and rigor of review with respect to the collectability of accounts receivable balances, and the account reconciliation procedures; and


•	Update its policy for accounting for limited liability investments, at fair value to include calculating and reviewing the fair value of such investments on a quarterly basis.



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

The actions that the Company is taking are subject to ongoing senior management review as well as Audit Committee oversight. The Company is committed to maintaining a strong internal control environment and believes that these remediation efforts will represent significant improvements in its controls. The Company has started to implement these steps; however, some of these steps will take time to be fully integrated and confirmed to be effective and sustainable. Additional controls may also be required over time. Until the remediation steps set forth above are fully implemented and tested, the Identified Material Weaknesses described above will continue to exist.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period beginning January 1, 2020, and ending March 31, 2020, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Information concerning pending legal proceedings is incorporated herein by reference to Note 23, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements in Part I of this Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes with respect to those risk factors previously disclosed in our 2019 Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Item 6. Exhibits



31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase



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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



			KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

Date:	July 17, 2020	By:	/s/ John T. Fitzgerald
			John T. Fitzgerald, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
			(principal executive officer)

Date:	July 17, 2020	By:	/s/ Kent A. Hansen
			Kent A. Hansen, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President
			(principal financial officer)



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