KIWA BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORP - Quarter Report: 2008 March (Form 10-Q)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-Q
R |
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
|
For
the
Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2008
□ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For
the
Transition Period from ______ to ______
Commission
File Number: 000-33167
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
77-0632186
|
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
incorporation
or organization)
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
|
415
West Foothill Blvd, Suite 206 Claremont,
California
|
91711-2766
|
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(909)
626-2358
(Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former
name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last
report)
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for
the past 90 days. Yes R
No
□
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See
the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large
accelerated filer □
|
Accelerated
filer □
|
|
Non-accelerated
filer □
|
Smaller
reporting company R
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes □
No
R
Indicate
the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common
stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class
|
Outstanding
at May 8, 2008
|
|
Common
Stock, $0.001 par value per share
|
88,191,960
shares
|
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
PART
I.
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
2
|
ITEM
1.
|
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
2
|
ITEM
2.
|
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
21
|
ITEM
3.
|
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
|
30
|
ITEM
4.
|
CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
|
30
|
PART
II.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
32
|
ITEM
1.
|
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
|
32
|
ITEM
2.
|
UNREGISTERED
SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
|
32
|
ITEM
3.
|
DEFAULTS
UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
|
32
|
ITEM
4.
|
SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
|
32
|
ITEM
5.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
32
|
ITEM
6.
|
EXHIBITS
|
32
|
SIGNATURES
|
34
|
1
PART
I. FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
ITEM
1. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
|
|||||
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
(UNAUDITED)
|
(AUDITED)
|
||||||
ASSETS
|
|
|
|||||
Current
assets
|
|
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
236,929
|
$
|
61,073
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts
of $290,827 and $277,140
|
681,210
|
470,298
|
|||||
Inventories
|
993,098
|
818,329
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses
|
39,980
|
70,460
|
|||||
Other
current assets
|
116,434
|
67,372
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
2,067,651
|
1,487,532
|
|||||
Property,
Plant and Equipment
|
|||||||
Buildings
|
1,209,343
|
1,162,060
|
|||||
Machinery
and equipment
|
687,141
|
660,273
|
|||||
Automobiles
|
79,252
|
76,154
|
|||||
Office
equipment
|
97,023
|
93,231
|
|||||
Computer
software
|
10,279
|
9,877
|
|||||
Property,
plant and equipment - total
|
2,083,038
|
2,001,595
|
|||||
Less:
accumulated depreciation
|
(480,350
|
)
|
(433,690
|
)
|
|||
Property,
plant and equipment - net
|
1,602,688
|
1,567,905
|
|||||
Construction
in progress
|
69,998
|
67,262
|
|||||
Intangible
asset - net
|
291,637
|
296,245
|
|||||
Deferred
financing costs
|
109,293
|
129,793
|
|||||
Deposit
to purchase proprietary technology
|
126,443
|
126,443
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
4,267,710
|
$
|
3,675,180
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$
|
2,135,752
|
$
|
1,850,043
|
|||
Construction
costs payable
|
308,425
|
316,902
|
|||||
Due
to related parties - trade
|
220,829
|
177,970
|
|||||
Due
to related parties - non-trade
|
481,949
|
551,654
|
|||||
Current
portion of bank notes payable
|
6,582
|
2,889
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
3,153,537
|
2,854,458
|
|||||
Long-term
liabilities, less current portion
|
|||||||
Unsecured
loans payable
|
1,638,410
|
1,574,350
|
|||||
Bank
notes payable
|
12,819
|
17,988
|
|||||
Long-term
convertible notes payable
|
2,116,104
|
2,058,625
|
|||||
Less:
discount relating to long-term
convertible notes payable
|
(734,764
|
)
|
(856,308
|
)
|
|||
Long-term
convertible notes payable - net
|
1,381,340
|
1,202,317
|
|||||
Total
long-term liabilities
|
3,032,569
|
2,794,655
|
|||||
|
|||||||
Minority
interest in a subsidiary
|
90,462
|
110,838
|
|||||
|
|||||||
Shareholders’
equity (deficiency)
|
|||||||
Common
stock - $0.001 par value
Authorized
200,000,000 shares. Issued and
outstanding
87,548,642 and 81,519,676 shares at
March
31, 2008 and December 31, 2007
|
87,549
|
81,520
|
|||||
Preferred
stock - $0.001 par value
Authorized
20,000,000 shares, none issued
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
9,940,335
|
9,217,876
|
|||||
Stock-based
compensation reserve
|
(265,909
|
)
|
(307,053
|
)
|
|||
Deficit
accumulated
|
(11,760,717
|
)
|
(11,074,522
|
)
|
|||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
(10,116
|
)
|
(2,592
|
)
|
|||
Total
shareholders’ equity (deficiency)
|
(2,008,858
|
)
|
(2,084,771
|
)
|
|||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
4,267,710
|
$
|
3,675,180
|
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES
|
2
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
|
|||||
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME
|
|||||
(UNAUDITED)
|
Item
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Net
sales
|
$
|
2,184,271
|
$
|
1,384,093
|
|||
Cost
of sales
|
2,121,566
|
1,245,770
|
|||||
Gross
profit
|
62,705
|
138,323
|
|||||
|
|||||||
Operating
expenses
|
|||||||
Consulting
and professional fees
|
118,467
|
189,461
|
|||||
Officers’
compensation
|
59,032
|
65,042
|
|||||
General
and administrative
|
245,370
|
179,024
|
|||||
Selling
expenses
|
48,454
|
143,625
|
|||||
Research
and development
|
45,717
|
49,304
|
|||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
26,177
|
31,273
|
|||||
Allowance
and provision
|
2,381
|
266
|
|||||
Total
operating expenses
|
545,598
|
657,995
|
|||||
Operating
loss
|
(482,893
|
)
|
(519,672
|
)
|
|||
|
|||||||
Interest
expenses
|
(219,547
|
)
|
(125,758
|
)
|
|||
Loss
before minority interest in a subsidiary’s deficit
|
(702,440
|
)
|
(645,430
|
)
|
|||
Minority
interest in a subsidiary’s deficit
|
16,245
|
6,171
|
|||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(686,195
|
)
|
$
|
(639,259
|
)
|
|
|
|||||||
Other
comprehensive loss
|
|||||||
Translation
adjustment
|
(7,524
|
)
|
(123,794
|
)
|
|||
Comprehensive
loss
|
$
|
(693,719
|
)
|
$
|
(763,053
|
)
|
|
|
|||||||
Net
(loss) per common share -basic and diluted
|
$
|
(0.008
|
)
|
$
|
(0.011
|
)
|
|
Weighted
average number of common
shares
outstanding-basic and diluted
|
83,043,939
|
71,794,704
|
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES
|
3
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
|
|||||
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|||||
(UNAUDITED)
|
Item
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||
2008
|
2007
|
||||||
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(686,195
|
)
|
$
|
(639,259
|
)
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
83,624
|
176,233
|
|||||
Amortization
of detachable warrants, options and stocks as compensation
|
271,120
|
122,322
|
|||||
Provision
for doubtful debt and inventory impairment
|
2,381
|
2,758
|
|||||
Minority
interest in a subsidiary
|
16,245
|
(6,171
|
)
|
||||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(213,293
|
)
|
699,548
|
||||
Inventories
|
(174,769
|
)
|
(328,105
|
)
|
|||
Prepaid
expenses
|
(6,963
|
)
|
617
|
||||
Other
current assets
|
(49,062
|
)
|
9,878
|
||||
Accounts
payable
|
390,076
|
297,953
|
|||||
Due
to related parties-trade
|
35,618
|
-
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
(331,218
|
)
|
335,774
|
||||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
|||||||
Purchase
of property and equipment
|
-
|
(89,493
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
-
|
(89,493
|
)
|
||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
|||||||
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock
|
650,000
|
-
|
|||||
Proceeds
from related parties
|
180,457
|
55,818
|
|||||
Repayment
to related parties
|
(319,572
|
)
|
(47,085
|
)
|
|||
Repayment
of long-term borrowings
|
(2,325
|
)
|
(1,364
|
)
|
|||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
508,560
|
7,369
|
|||||
Effect
of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents
|
(1,486
|
)
|
21,904
|
||||
Cash
and cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|||||
Net
increase (decrease)
|
175,856
|
275,554
|
|||||
Balance
at beginning of period
|
61,073
|
498,103
|
|||||
Balance
at end of period
|
$
|
236,929
|
$
|
773,657
|
|||
|
|||||||
Supplemental
Disclosures of Cash flow Information:
|
|||||||
Cash
paid for interest
|
$
|
519
|
$
|
-
|
|||
Cash
paid for taxes
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
|||
Non-cash
investing and financing activities:
|
|||||||
Issuance
of common stock for long-term convertible notes
payable and interest
|
58,888
|
89,482
|
|||||
Issuance
of stock as compensation to consultants
|
19,600
|
-
|
|||||
Issuance
of stock to repay related-party
|
-
|
-
|
|||||
Issuance
of stock for cashless exercise of warrants
|
-
|
1,000
|
|||||
Conversion
of accrued interests into principal
|
112,917
|
-
|
|||||
|
|||||||
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES
|
4
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
|
|||||||||||||||||||
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(DEFICIENCY)
|
|||||||||||||||||||
(UNAUDITED)
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Item
|
Common
Stock
|
Additional
Paid-in
|
Stock-based
Compensation
|
Accumulated
|
Other
Comprehensive
|
Total
Stockholders’
|
||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Amount
|
Capital
|
Reserve
|
Deficits
|
Income
|
Deficiency
|
||||||||||||||||
Balance,
January 1, 2007
|
70,149,556
|
70,150
|
8,311,975
|
(523,468
|
)
|
(7,766,654
|
)
|
1,166
|
93,169
|
|||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock for exercise of warrants at January 5,
2007
|
1,000,000
|
1,000
|
(1,000
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock for cashless exercise of warrants on April 11,
2007
|
610,278
|
610
|
(610
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock for cashless exercise of warrants on April 20,
2007
|
97,844
|
98
|
(98
|
)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock for conversion of principal and interest of 6%
Notes
during 12 months ended December 31, 2007
|
5,821,998
|
5,822
|
353,405
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
359,227
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 700,000 shares of common stock to a consultant on April 18,
2007
|
700,000
|
700
|
125,300
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
126,000
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 140,000 shares of common stock to an investor relations consultant
on
October 24, 2007
|
140,000
|
140
|
20,860
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
21,000
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 3,000,000 shares to two Chinese citizens designated by a related
party
on October 30, 2007
|
3,000,000
|
3,000
|
222,300
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
225,300
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 250,000 shares of warrants to a consultant
|
-
|
-
|
44,414
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
44,414
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortizaton
of fair value of warrants issued to a financing consultant during
fiscal
year ended December 31, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
77,181
|
-
|
-
|
77,181
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortization
of fair value of employee stock option cancelled
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
55,792
|
-
|
-
|
55,792
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortization
of fair value of employee stock options granted in 2006
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
83,442
|
-
|
-
|
83,442
|
|||||||||||||||
Fair
value of warrants issued to a related party in June
|
-
|
-
|
15,172
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
15,172
|
|||||||||||||||
Fair
value of warrants issued to a related party in September
|
-
|
-
|
60,742
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
60,742
|
|||||||||||||||
Fair
value of warrants issued to a related party in December
|
-
|
-
|
65,416
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
65,416
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss for fiscal ended December 31, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(3,307,868
|
)
|
-
|
(3,307,868
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Other
comprehensive income fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(3,758
|
)
|
(3,758
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Balance,
December 31, 2007
|
81,519,676
|
81,520
|
9,217,876
|
(307,053
|
)
|
(11,074,522
|
)
|
(2,592
|
)
|
(2,084,771
|
)
|
|||||||||||
Issuance
of 140,000 shares of common stock to an Investor Relations consultant
on
February 27, 2008
|
140,000
|
140
|
19,460
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
19,600
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of 5,000,000 shares of common stock to an investor for the consideration
of $650,000 on March 14, 2008
|
5,000,000
|
5,000
|
645,000
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
650,000
|
|||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock for conversion of principal and interest of 6%
Notes
during three months ended March, 31, 2008
|
888,966
|
889
|
57,999
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
58,888
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortizaton
of fair value of warrants issued to a financing consultant during
three
months ended March 31, 2008
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
19,295
|
-
|
-
|
19,295
|
|||||||||||||||
Amortization
of fari value of employee stock options granted in 2006
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
21,849
|
-
|
-
|
21,849
|
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss for the three months ended March 31, 2008
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(686,195
|
)
|
-
|
(686,195
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Other
comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31,
2008
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
(7,524
|
)
|
(7,524
|
)
|
|||||||||||||
Balance,
March 31, 2008
|
87,548,642
|
87,549
|
9,940,335
|
(265,909
|
)
|
(11,760,717
|
)
|
(10,116
|
)
|
(2,008,858
|
)
|
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES
|
5
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Notes
to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
References
herein to “we,” “us,” “our” or “the Company” refer to Kiwa Bio-Tech Products
Group Corporation and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries unless
the context specifically states or implies otherwise.
1. Background
and Basis of Presentation
Organization
- We are
the result of a share exchange transaction accomplished on March 12, 2004
between the shareholders of Kiwa Bio-Tech Products Group Ltd. (“Kiwa BVI”), a
company originally organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands on
June 5, 2002 and Tintic Gold Mining Company (“Tintic”), a corporation originally
incorporated in the state of Utah on June 14, 1933 to perform mining operations
in Utah. The share exchange resulted in a change of control of Tintic, with
former Kiwa BVI stockholders owning approximately 89% of Tintic on a fully
diluted basis and Kiwa BVI surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tintic.
Subsequent to the share exchange transaction, Tintic changed its name to Kiwa
Bio-Tech Products Group Corporation. On July 21, 2004, we completed our
reincorporation in the State of Delaware.
We
have
established two subsidiaries in China: (1) Kiwa Bio-Tech Products (Shandong)
Co., Ltd. (“Kiwa Shandong”) in 2002 and (2) Tianjin Kiwa Feed Co., Ltd. (“Kiwa
Tianjin”) in July 2006. The following chart summarizes our organizational and
ownership structure.
Business
- Our
business plan is to develop, manufacture, distribute and market innovative,
cost-effective and environmentally safe bio-technological products for
agriculture markets located primarily in China. We have acquired technologies
to
produce and market bio-fertilizer and bio-enhanced feed products, and also
are
developing a veterinary drug based on AF-01 anti-viral aerosol
technology.
Basis
of Presentation
- The
condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations of the
Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Kiwa BVI and Kiwa Shandong, and
also
its majority-owned subsidiary, Kiwa Tianjin. These condensed consolidated
financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). All significant
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
Use
of Estimates
- The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of
assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the
date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting estimates include
bad
debt provision, impairment of inventory and long-lived assets, depreciation
and
amortization and fair value of warrants and options.
6
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Country
Risk
- As the
Company’s principal operations are conducted in China, the Company is subject to
special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with
companies operating in North America and Western Europe. These risks include,
among others, risks associated with the political, economic and legal
environments and foreign currency exchange limitations encountered in China.
The
Company’s results of operations may be adversely affected by changes in the
political and social conditions in China, and by changes in governmental
policies with respect to laws and regulations, among other things.
In
addition, all of the Company’s transactions undertaken in China are denominated
in China Renminbi (“RMB”), which must be converted into other currencies before
remittance out of China may be made. Both the conversion of RMB into foreign
currencies and the remittance of foreign currencies out of China require the
approval from the Chinese government.
In
recent years, the Chinese government has gradually loosened its control over
foreign exchange, especially with respect to current foreign exchange accounts,
for instance, by removing the requirement for advance examination and approval
to open a current foreign exchange account and by increasing the quota for
foreign exchange accounts.
Credit
Risk
- The
Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and intends to
establish an allowance for doubtful accounts when amounts are not considered
fully collectable. According to the Company’s credit policy, the Company
generally provides 100% bad debt provision for the amounts outstanding over
365
days after the deduction of the amount subsequently settled after the balance
sheet date, which management believes is consistent with industry practice
in
China region.
As
of
March 31, 2008, there was $290,827 in accounts receivable aged over 365 days
old, with respect to which we have established a corresponding allowance for
doubtful accounts in the same amount.
Going
Concern
- The
condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that
the
Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization
of
assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.
The
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the condensed
consolidated financial statements do not purport to represent the realizable
or
settlement values.
As
of
March 31, 2008, the Company’s current ratio was 0.66 and quick ratio was 0.34.
We had an accumulated deficit of $11,760,717, and we incurred net losses of
$686,195 during the three months ended March 31, 2008. This trend is expected
to
continue. Our remaining capital resources are insufficient to allow the Company
to execute its business plan in the near future. To the extent that we are
unable to successfully raise the capital necessary to fund our future cash
requirements on a timely basis and under acceptable terms and conditions, we
will not have sufficient cash resources to maintain operations, and may have
to
curtail operations and consider a formal or informal restructuring or
reorganization. These factors create substantial doubt about our ability to
continue as a going concern.
The
Company’s registered independent public accounting firm, in their report on the
consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31,
2007
and 2006 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2007, have included an explanatory paragraph in their
report indicating that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue
as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments
that
might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
7
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Foreign
Currency Translation
- The
functional currency of the Company is RMB, which is the primary medium of
exchange where Kiwa Shandong and Kiwa Tianjin operate. The Company reports
its
financial results in United States dollars (“U.S. dollars” or
“US$”).
The
Company translates it’s China subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities into U.S.
dollars using the rate of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date (on
March 31, 2008, the prevailing exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against the
RMB
was US$1.00 = RMB 7.0190), and the statement of operations is translated at
the
average rates over each month during the reporting period. Equity items are
translated at historical exchange rates. Adjustments resulting from the
translation from RMB into U.S. dollars are recorded in shareholders’ equity as
part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Gains or losses resulting
from transactions in currencies other than RMB are reflected in the results
of
operations as incurred.
Revenue
Recognition
- The
Company recognizes sales of its products in accordance with Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 101, “Revenue
Recognition in Financial Statements,” as amended by SAB No. 104, “Revenue
Recognition.” Sales represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added
tax (“VAT”), if any, and are recognized upon delivery of goods and passage of
title.
Pursuant
to China’s value-added tax (“VAT”) rules and regulations, Kiwa Shandong as an
ordinary VAT taxpayer is subject to a tax rate of 13% (“output VAT”). Such
output VAT is payable after offsetting VAT paid by Kiwa Shandong on purchases
(“input VAT”).
The
VAT
rate applied for Kiwa Tianjin, as a small-scale VAT taxpayer, is 6%. However
as
a livestock feed producer, it is exempted from VAT if the exemption is approved
by the local tax authority each year. On April 30, 2008, the local tax authority
approved Kiwa Tianjin’s exemption from VAT for 2008 revenues.
Advertising
- The
Company charges all advertising costs to expense when incurred.
Research
and development
-
Research and development costs are charged to expense when
incurred.
Operating
Leases
-
Operating leases represent those leases under which substantially all the risks
and rewards of ownership of the leased assets remain with the lessors. Rental
payments under operating leases are charged to expense on the straight-line
basis over the period of the relevant lease contracts.
Net
Loss Per Common Share
- Basic
loss per common share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average
number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per
common share reflects the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive
securities (stock options, warrants, convertible debt, stock subscription and
other stock commitments issuable) were exercised. These potentially dilutive
securities were not included in the calculation of loss per share for the
periods presented because the Company incurred a loss during such periods and
thus the effect would have been anti-dilutive. Accordingly, basic and diluted
loss per common share is the same for all periods presented. As of March 31,
2008, potentially dilutive securities aggregated 60,300,958 shares of common
stock.
8
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
- The
Company has adopted the SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” which
establishes standards for reporting and presentation of comprehensive income
(loss) and its components in a full set of general-purpose financial statements.
The Company has chosen to report comprehensive income (loss) in the statements
of operations and comprehensive income.
Income
Taxes
- The
Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109,
“Accounting for Income Taxes.” We adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48,
“Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN 48).
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
- Highly
liquid investments with a maturity period of three months or less at the time
of
acquisition are considered to be cash equivalents.
Inventories
-
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted-average
basis, and net realizable value. Work in progress and finished goods are
composed of direct material, direct labor and a portion of manufacturing
overhead. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs to complete and dispose.
Property,
Plant and Equipment
-
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Major expenditures for
betterments and renewals are capitalized while ordinary repairs and maintenance
costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization is provided using
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets after
taking into account the estimated residual value. The estimated useful lives
of
property, plant and equipment are as follows:
Buildings
|
20-35
years
|
Machinery
and equipment
|
4-12
years
|
Automobiles
|
8
years
|
Office
equipments
|
5
years
|
Computer
software
|
3
years
|
Construction
in progress represents factory and office buildings under construction. The
Company capitalizes interest during the construction phase of qualifying assets
in accordance with SFAS No. 34, “Capitalization of Interest Cost.” No interest
was capitalized during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007,
respectively.
Depreciation
costs were charged into costs of production or periodic expenses in accordance
with the utilization of relating property, plant and equipment. However, due
to
the abnormally low production capacity in Kiwa Shandong in the three months
ended March 31, 2007, on a pro rata basis, we charged part of the depreciation
of production facilities to production cost in accordance with the proportion
of
actual capacity to normal capacity, and the rest to operating
expenses.
We
periodically evaluate our investment in long-lived assets, including property
and equipment, for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate the net carrying amount may not be recoverable. Our judgments regarding
potential impairment are based on legal factors, market conditions and
operational performance indicators, among others. In assessing the impairment
of
property and equipment, we make assumptions regarding the estimated future
cash
flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets.
If
these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, we may be
required to record impairment charges for these assets. The Company has
determined that there was no impairment of long-lived assets as of March 31,
2008.
9
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Derivative
Instruments
- The
Company accounts for financial instruments under the provisions of Statement
of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities,” which requires that all derivative
financial instruments be recognized in the consolidated financial statements
and
maintained at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding them.
Changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments are either recognized
periodically in income or stockholders’ equity (as a component of comprehensive
income), depending on whether the derivative is being used to hedge changes
in
fair value or cash flows.
Financial
Instruments and Fair Value
- SFAS
No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires that
the Company disclose estimated fair values of financial
instruments.
The
carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other
receivables, deposits and prepayments, short-term borrowings, accounts payable,
other payables and accruals approximate their fair values because of the short
maturity period of those instruments.
Stock
Issued for Compensation and Financing -
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R) (revised 2004),
“Share Based Payment,” which revises SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB 25. SFAS
No. 123(R) requires that all share-based payments to employees be recognized
in
the financial statements based on their fair values at the date of grant. The
calculated fair value is recognized as expense (net of any capitalization)
over
the requisite service period, net of estimated forfeitures, using the
straight-line attribution method under SFAS No. 123(R).
Related
Parties
-
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly
or
indirectly, to control the other party, or exercise significant influence over
the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also
considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common
significant influence.
Reclassification
from Prior Period Financial Statements
-
Certain prior period comparative figures have been reclassified to conform
to
the current year presentation.
2. Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
March
2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities-an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.” SFAS No. 161
gives financial statement users better information about the reporting entity's
hedges by providing for qualitative disclosures about the objectives and
strategies for using derivatives, quantitative data about the fair value of
and
gains and losses on derivative contracts, and details of credit-risk-related
contingent features in their hedged positions. SFAS No. 161 is effective for
financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008
and interim periods within those years. The Company does not expect the adoption
of SFAS No. 161 to have a material effect on the Company's financial
statements.
Other
recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging
Issues Task Force), the AICPA, and the SEC did not or are not believed by
management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future
consolidated financial statements.
3. Accounts
Receivable
The
following table sets forth gross amount, bad-debt allowance and net amount
of
accounts receivable as of March 31 2008 and December 31, 2007.
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Accounts
receivables - gross
|
$
|
972,037
|
$
|
747,438
|
|||
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
|
(290,827
|
)
|
(277,140
|
)
|
|||
Accounts
receivables - net
|
$
|
681,210
|
$
|
470,298
|
10
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
4. Inventories
The
following table summarizes the Company’s inventories as of March 31, 2008 and
December 31, 2007.
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Raw
materials
|
$
|
890,101
|
$
|
686,290
|
|||
Finished
goods
|
102,997
|
132,039
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
993,098
|
$
|
818,329
|
5. Prepaid
expenses
The
following table outlines prepaid expenses on March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007.
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Prepaid
stock-based compensation to consultants
|
$
|
14,061
|
$
|
46,865
|
|||
Others
|
25,919
|
23,595
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
39,980
|
$
|
70,460
|
Pursuant
to a consulting agreement with an investor relation consultant, on April 18,
2007 we issued to the consultant 700,000 shares of common stock and warrants
to
purchase 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price
equal to $0.25. The fair value of the stock and warrants will be amortized
over
the period that services will be delivered under the agreement (one year
commencing on April 1, 2007).
Pursuant
to a consulting agreement took effective on January 1, 2008, the Company issued
140,000 shares to an investor relations consultant, as partial payment for
services. Fair value of these shares had been calculated based on the closing
price on the issuance date; and will be amortized over the period the services
will the delivered under the agreement (half a year commencing January 1,
2008).
6. Property,
Plant and Equipment
The
following table illustrates gross amount, accumulated depreciation and net
amount of property, plant and equipment on March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007.
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Property
plant and equipment:
|
|||||||
Buildings
|
$
|
1,209,343
|
$
|
1,162,060
|
|||
Machinery
and equipment
|
687,141
|
660,273
|
|||||
Automobiles
|
79,252
|
76,154
|
|||||
Office
equipment
|
97,023
|
93,231
|
|||||
Computer
software
|
10,279
|
9,877
|
|||||
Property
plant and equipment - total
|
$
|
2,083,038
|
$
|
2,001,595
|
|||
Less:
Accumulated depreciation
|
(480,350
|
)
|
(433,690
|
)
|
|||
Property
plant and equipment - net
|
$
|
1,602,688
|
$
|
1,567,905
|
11
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
On
March
31, 2008, gross amount and net amount of property, plant and equipment was
$2,083,038 and $1,602,688, respectively. Net amount of property, plant and
equipment represents 37.6% of our total assets on March 31, 2008. On December
31, 2007, gross amount and net amount of property, plant and equipment was
$2,001,595 and $1,567,905, respectively. The increase in gross amount was solely
due to appreciation of RMB against U.S. dollars during the three months ended
March 31, 2008.
All
of
our property, plant and equipment has been used as collateral to secure the
6%
Notes (See Note 14 below).
7. Intangible
Assets
The
Company’s intangible asset as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is a
single patent, amortized as follows:
|
Accumulated
|
|
Net
value
|
||||||||||
|
Gross
carrying
|
amount
of
|
Net
Value at
|
at
December 31,
|
|||||||||
Amortization
Year
|
value
|
amortization
|
March
31, 2008
|
2007
|
|||||||||
8.5
|
$
|
480,411
|
$
|
188,774
|
$
|
291,637
|
$
|
296,245
|
The
following table presents future expected amortization expense related to the
patent:
Future
expected amortization
|
Amount
|
|||
2008
|
$
|
42,389
|
||
2009
|
56,519
|
|||
2010
|
56,519
|
|||
2011
|
56,519
|
|||
2012
|
56,519
|
|||
Thereafter
|
$
|
23,172
|
This
patent has been used as collateral to secure the 6% Notes (See Note 14 below).
8. Deferred
Financing Costs
The
financing costs relating to 6% Notes (See Note 14 below) were $109,293 and
$129,793 as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. These costs
consist of financing commission paid to an investment bank, legal service fees,
insurance premium and other relevant costs. The costs are being amortized over
the three-year term of the 6% Notes, starting at various dates of each tranche
of 6% Notes in 2006.
12
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
9. Deposit
to Purchase the Proprietary Technology
The
balance of $126,443 as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is partial
payment of the first installment of the transfer fee for the Anti-viral Aerosol
technology pursuant to a Technology Transfer Agreement dated May 8,
2006.
10. Accounts
Payable
The
following table details accounts payable outstanding as of March 31, 2008 and
December 31, 2007:
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Consulting
and professional payables
|
$
|
354,017
|
$
|
436,381
|
|||
Payables
to material suppliers
|
895,922
|
425,306
|
|||||
Interest
payable
|
116,275
|
192,275
|
|||||
Salary
payable
|
253,266
|
212,219
|
|||||
Insurance
payable
|
99,981
|
95,247
|
|||||
Office
rental payable
|
84,255
|
80,960
|
|||||
Credit
card balance
|
81,966
|
84,042
|
|||||
Advances
from customers
|
138,683
|
169,553
|
|||||
Others
|
111,387
|
109,059
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
2,135,752
|
$
|
1,805,043
|
11. Construction
Costs Payable
Construction
costs payable represents remaining amounts to be paid for the first phase of
construction of our bio-fertilizer facility in Shandong.
12. Related
Party Transactions
Amounts
due to related parties consisted of the following as of March 31, 2008 and
December 31, 2007:
Item
|
Nature
|
Notes
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
||||||||
Mr.
Wei Li ("Mr. Li")
|
Non-trade
|
(1)
|
|
$
|
466,041
|
$
|
377,218
|
||||||
Discount
of loans due to Mr. Li with detachable
warrants
|
Non-trade
|
(36,805
|
)
|
(88,195
|
)
|
||||||||
China
Star Investment Management Co., Ltd. ("China
Star")
|
Non-trade
|
(2)
|
|
(22,287
|
)
|
205,631
|
|||||||
Ms.
Yvonne Wang ("Ms. Wang")
|
Non-trade
|
(3)
|
|
75,000
|
57,000
|
||||||||
Subtotal
|
|
$
|
481,949
|
$
|
551,654
|
||||||||
Kiwa-CAU
R&D Center
|
Trade
|
(4)
|
|
206,582
|
164,280
|
||||||||
Tianjin
Challenge Feed Co., Ltd. ("Challenge Feed")
|
Trade
|
(5)
|
|
14,247
|
13,690
|
||||||||
Subtotal
|
$
|
220,829
|
$
|
177,970
|
|||||||||
Total
|
$
|
702,778
|
$
|
729,624
|
(1)
Mr. Li
Mr.
Li is
the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company.
13
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Advances
and Loans
As
of
December 31, 2007, the remaining balance due to Mr. Li was $377,218. During
the
three months ended March 31, 2008, Mr. Li advanced $109,207 to the Company
and
was repaid $20,384. As of March 31, 2008, the balance due to Mr. Li was
$466,041. Mr. Li has agreed that the Company may repay the balance when its
cash
flow circumstance allows.
As
of
March 31, 2008, the balance of the discount on loans with the warrants issued
to
Mr. Li was $36,805.
Motor
Vehicle Lease
In
December 2004, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Li, pursuant to which
Mr.
Li leases to the Company a motor vehicle. The monthly rental payment is
RMB15,000 (approximately $2,137). We have extended this lease agreement with
Mr.
Li to the end of fiscal 2008.
Guarantees
for the Company
Mr.
Li
has pledged without any compensation from the Company all of his common stock
of
the Company as collateral security for the Company’s obligations under the 6%
Notes.
(2)
China Star
China
Star is a private company 28% owned by Mr. Li.
On
December 31, 2007, the amount due to China Star was $205,631. During three
months ended March 31, 2008, China Star advanced $71,269 and was repaid
$299,188. The balance due from China Star on March 31, 2008 was
$22,287.
(3)
Ms. Wang
Ms.
Wang
is the Secretary of the Company.
On
December 31, 2007, the amount due to Ms. Wang was $57,000. During three months
ended March 31, 2008, Ms. Wang advanced $18,000 to the Company. As of March
31,
2008, the amount due to Ms. Wang was $75,000. Ms. Wang has agreed that the
Company may repay the balance when its cash flow circumstance
allows.
(4)
Kiwa-CAU R&D Center
Pursuant
to the agreement with China Agricultual Universtiy (“CAU”), we agree to invest
RMB 1 million (approximately $142,500) each year to fund research at Kiwa-CAU
R&D Center. Prof. Qi Wang, one of our directors, is also the director of
Kiwa-CAU R&D Center.
14
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
On
December 31, 2007, the amount due to Kiwa-CAU R&D Center was $164,280.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we paid nil to Kiwa-CAU R&D
Center. As of March 31, 2008, the outstanding balance due to Kiwa-CAU R&D
Center was $206,582.
(5)
Challenge Feed
Challenge
Feed owns 20% of Kiwa Tianjin’s equity, and Mr. Wenbin Li, one of Challenge
Feed’s shareholders, is also in charge of daily operation of Kiwa Tianjin. As of
March 31, 2008, the outstanding balance due to Challenge Feed was $14,247,
which
was unpaid rental from operating lease.
Lease
Agreement
The
Company has entered into an agreement with Challenge Feed to lease the following
facilities for three years commencing on August 1, 2006: (1) an office building
with floor area of approximately 800 square meters; (2) storehouses with floor
area of approximately 2,500 square meters; (3) a concentrated feed production
line for fowl and livestock; and (4) two workshops with floor area of
approximately 1,200 square meters. The total monthly rent is RMB50,000
(approximately $7,100). During the three months ended March 31, 2008, all
scheduled rent payments were paid. There remains an outstanding balance of
past
due rent to Challenge Feed of $14,247.
13. Unsecured
Loans Payable
The
balance of unsecured loans payable was $1,638,410 and $1,574,350 as of March
31,
2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. The difference of $$64,060 or 4.1%
was
due to the different exchange rates prevailing at the two dates. Unsecured
loans
payable consisted of the following at March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007:
Item
|
March
31, 2008
|
December
31, 2007
|
|||||
Unsecured
loan payable to Zoucheng Municipal Government,
|
|||||||
non-interest
bearing, becoming due within three years from
|
|||||||
Kiwa
Shandong’s first profitable year on a formula basis,
|
|||||||
interest
has not been imputed due to the undeterminable
|
|||||||
repayment
date
|
$
|
1,282,234
|
$
|
1,232,100
|
|||
Unsecured
loan payable to Zoucheng Science & Technology
|
|||||||
Bureau,
non-interest bearing, it is due in Kiwa Shandong’s
|
|||||||
first
profitable year, interest has not been imputed due to the
|
|||||||
undeterminable
repayment date
|
356,176
|
342,250
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
1,638,410
|
$
|
1,574,350
|
The
Company qualifies for non-interest bearing loans under a Chinese government
sponsored program to encourage economic development in certain industries and
locations in China. To qualify for the favorable loan terms, a company must
meet
the following criteria: (1) be a technology company with innovative technology
or product (as determined by the Science Bureau of the central Chinese
government); (2) operate in specific industries that the Chinese government
has
determined are important to encourage development, such as agriculture,
environmental, education, and others; and (3) be located in an undeveloped
area
such as Zoucheng, Shandong Province where the manufacturing facility of the
Company is located.
According
to the project agreement, Zoucheng Municipal Government granted the Company
use
of at least 15.7 acres in Shandong Province, China at no cost for 10 years
to
construct a manufacturing facility. Under the agreement, the Company has the
option to pay a fee of RMB480,000 ($68,386) per acre for the land use right
after the 10-year period. The Company may not transfer or pledge the temporary
land use right. The Company also committed to invest approximately $18 million
to $24 million for developing the manufacturing and research facilities in
Zoucheng, Shandong Province. As of March 31, 2008, the Company invested
approximately $2.86 million for the property, plant and equipment of the
project. Management believes that neither the Company nor management will be
liable for compensation or penalty if such commitment is not
fulfilled.
15
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
14. Long-Term
Convertible Notes Payable
On
June
29, 2006, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the
“Purchase Agreement”) with six institutional investors (collectively, the
“Purchasers”) for the issuance and sale of (1) 6% secured convertible notes, due
three years from the date of issuance, in the aggregate principal amount of
$2,450,000 (the “6% Notes”), convertible into shares of the Company’s common
stock, and (2) warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase 12,250,000 shares of the
Company’s common stock.
In
conjunction with the sale and issuance of the 6% Notes, the Company entered
into
a Registration Rights Agreement, amended in October 2006, the requirements
of
which the Company met by filing its registration statement on Form SB-2 on
August 11, 2006 and subsequently amended on October 20, 2006 and June 29,
2007.
Closings
for the sale of the 6% Notes occurred on June 29, August 15 and October 31,
2006
for $857,500, $735,000 and $857,500 principal amount, respectively. The Company
received $2,450,000 in aggregate from the three sales of the 6%
Notes.
The
conversion price of the 6% Notes is based on a 40% discount to the average
of
the trading price of the Company’s common stock on the OTC Bulletin Board over a
20-day trading period. The conversion price is also adjusted for certain
subsequent issuances of equity securities of the Company at prices below the
conversion price then in effect. The 6% Notes contain a volume limitation that
prohibits the holder from converting further 6% Notes if doing so would cause
the holder and its affiliates to hold more than 4.99% of the Company’s
outstanding common stock. In addition, each holder of 6% Notes agrees that
they
may not convert more than their pro-rata share (based on original principal
amount) of the greater of $120,000 principal amount of 6% Notes per calendar
month or the average daily dollar volume calculated during the 10 business
days
prior to a conversion, per conversion.
The
exercise price of the Warrants is $0.45 per share, subject to anti-dilution
adjustments pursuant to a broad-based weighted average formula for subsequent
issues of equity securities by the Company below the trading price of the
shares. The Purchase Agreement requires the Company to maintain a reserve of
authorized common stock equal to 110% of the number of shares issuable upon
full
conversion of the 6% Notes and exercise of the Warrants. The Purchase Agreement
imposes financial penalties in cash (equal to 2% of the number of shares that
the Purchaser is entitled to multiplied by the market price for each day) if
the
authorized number of shares of common stock is insufficient to satisfy the
reserve requirements. The 6% Notes and the Warrants also impose financial
penalties on the Company if it fails to timely deliver common stock upon
conversion of the 6% Notes and exercise of the Warrants,
respectively.
To
enable
reservation of a sufficient amount of authorized shares that may be issued
pursuant to conversion of the 6% Notes and exercise of the Warrants, the
Purchase Agreement required the Company to amend its Certificate of
Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock.
At
our annual meeting held on September 12, 2006, a proposal to amend our
Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of
common stock, from 100,000,000 shares to 200,000,000 shares was approved by
the
required vote of our stockholders. The Company incurs a financial penalty in
cash or shares at the option of the Company (equal to 2% of the outstanding
amount of the Notes per months plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes,
prorated for partial months) if it breaches this or other affirmative covenants
in the Purchase Agreement, including a covenant to maintain a sufficient number
of authorized shares under its Certificate of Incorporation to cover at least
110% of the stock issuable upon full conversion of the Notes and the
Warrants.
16
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The
6%
Notes require the Company to procure the Purchaser’s consent to take certain
actions including to pay dividends, repurchase stock, incur debt, guaranty
obligations, merge or restructure the Company, or sell significant
assets.
The
Company’s obligations under the 6% Notes and the Warrants are secured by a first
priority security interest in the Company’s intellectual property pursuant to an
Intellectual Property Security Agreement with the Purchasers, and by a first
priority security interest in all of the Company’s other assets pursuant to a
Security Agreement with the Purchasers. In addition, the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer has pledged all of his common stock of the Company as
collateral security for the Company’s obligations under the 6% Notes and the
Warrants. The Purchasers are accredited investors as defined under the
Securities Act and the 6% Notes and the Warrants and the underlying common
stock
upon conversion and exercise will be issued without registration under the
Securities Act in reliance on the exemption provided by Rule 506 under
Regulation D under the Securities Act.
The
fair
value of the Warrants underlying the three sales of the 6% Notes (amounting
to
4,287,500 shares, 3,675,000 shares and 4,287,500 shares respectively) at the
time of their issuance was determined to be $545,477, $416,976 and $505,503
calculated pursuant to the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value
was recorded as a reduction to 6% Notes payable and was charged to operations
as
interest expense in accordance with effective interest method within the period
of the 6% Notes.
The
Purchasers of the 6% Notes and Warrants were introduced to the Company by an
investment bank pursuant to an engagement letter agreement with the Company.
Pursuant to the engagement, the investment bank received a cash fee equal to
8%
of the aggregate proceeds raised in the financing and to warrants in the
quantity equal to 8% of the securities issued in the financing. The Company
recorded the cash fee and other direct costs incurred for the issuance of the
convertible loan in aggregate of $30,000 as deferred debt issuance costs. Debt
issuance costs were amortized on the straight-line method over the term of
the
6% Notes, with the amounts amortized being recognized as interest
expense.
The
warrants issued to the investment bank in connection with each tranche of 6%
Notes (amounting to 343,000 shares, 294,000 shares and 343,000 shares) are
exercisable for three years and have an exercise price equal to $0.2598. The
fair value of these warrants at the time of their issuance was determined to
be
$94,005, $60,324 and $77,214 calculated pursuant to the Black-Scholes option
pricing mode.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, six investors converted $55,438 principal
and $3,450 interest into 2,003,186 and 43,510 shares, respectively. As of March
31, 2008, 7,404,406 shares of our common stock were issued in total pursuant
to
conversions of 6% Notes. The average conversion price was $0.068 per share.
As
of March 31, 2008, the outstanding principal balance of the 6% Notes was
$2,003,187.
17
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
On
January 31, 2008, we entered into three Callable Secured Convertible Notes
Agreements (“2% Notes”) with four of our 6% Notes purchasers converting their
unpaid interest of $112,917 in total, into principal with an interest rate
of 2%
per annum, which will be due on January 31, 2011. Other terms of the 2% Notes
are similar to 6% Notes. No principal of 2% Notes has been converted so far.
As
of March 31, 2008, outstanding principal balance on the 2% Notes was
$112,917.
15. Equity-Based
Transactions
As
of
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had 87,548,642 and 81,519,676
shares of common stock outstanding, respectively. From January 1, 2008 to March
31, 2008, the Company has engaged in the following equity-based
transactions:
On
February 27, 2008, we issued 140,000 shares of common stock as partial
compensation to an investor relation consultant for consulting
services.
On
March
14, 2008, the Company issued 5,000,000 shares of common stock to an investor
for
consideration of $650,000 cash pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated
February 19, 2008.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, the Company issued 888,966 shares of
common stock for conversions of principal and interest under our 6%
Notes.
16. Stock-based
Compensation
On
December 12, 2006, we granted options for 2,000,000 shares of our common stock
under our 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. During fiscal 2007, 362,100 stock options
were returned to the Company when the holders separated from the Company without
exercising the options. As of March 31, 2008, 1,637,900 options were
outstanding.
The
exercise price of all of our outstanding options was $0.175 per share, equal
to
the closing price of our common stock on December 12, 2006. On each of the
first
and second anniversaries of the grant date, 33% percent of the options will
become exercisable. On the third anniversary of the grant date, 34% of the
options will become exercisable.
The
Company has adopted SFAS 123R effective as of January 1 2006. The fair value
of
the options granted at the grant date was determined to be $320,154
(approximately $0.16 per share), calculated pursuant to the Black-Scholes option
pricing model. The calculated fair value is recognized as expense over the
applicable vesting periods, using the straight-line attribution method.
Unamortized fair value of stock options granted to those who separated from
the
Company has been charged to expense, while the options returned to the Company.
During the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, we charged
$9,288 and $12,514 to options expense.
18
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
17. Segment
Reporting
In
2006
we had three principal business segments, bio-fertilizer, livestock feed and
urea entrepot trade. Commencing July 2007, when we terminated all agreements
relating to urea entrepot trade, we treated urea entrepot trade as discontinued
and have been operating the remaining two segments management believes that
the
following table highlights the most relevant operational factors for measuring
business performance and financing needs of the Company and for preparing the
corporate budget and other items. As most of the Company’s customers are located
in China, no geographical segment information is presented.
Item
|
Bio-fertilizer
|
Livestock
Feed
|
Urea
Entrepot Trade (1) |
Corporate (2)
|
Total
|
|||||||||||
Three
months ended March 31, 2008
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
sales
|
$
|
148,104
|
$
|
2,036,167
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
2,184,271
|
||||||
Gross
profit
|
45,332
|
17,373
|
-
|
-
|
62,705
|
|||||||||||
Operating
expenses
|
80,371
|
98,615
|
-
|
366,612
|
545,598
|
|||||||||||
Operating
profit (loss)
|
(35,039
|
)
|
(81,242
|
)
|
-
|
(366,612
|
)
|
(482,893
|
)
|
|||||||
Interest
income (expense)
|
(176
|
)
|
17
|
-
|
(219,388
|
)
|
(219,547
|
)
|
||||||||
Minority
interest in subsidiary
|
-
|
16,245
|
-
|
-
|
16,245
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
(35,215
|
)
|
$
|
(64,980
|
)
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
(586,000
|
)
|
$
|
(686,195
|
)
|
||
Total
assets as of March 31, 2008
|
$
|
2,213,590
|
$
|
1,431,473
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
622,647
|
$
|
4,267,710
|
||||||
Three
months ended March 31, 2007
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
sales
|
$
|
11,976
|
$
|
1,372,117
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
$
|
1,384,093
|
||||||
Gross
profit
|
2,863
|
135,460
|
-
|
-
|
138,323
|
|||||||||||
Operating
expenses
|
77,319
|
166,361
|
48,458
|
365,857
|
657,995
|
|||||||||||
Operating
profit (loss)
|
(74,456
|
)
|
(30,901
|
)
|
(48,458
|
)
|
(365,857
|
)
|
(519,672
|
)
|
||||||
Interest
income (expense)
|
(2,545
|
)
|
46
|
-
|
(123,259
|
)
|
(125,758
|
)
|
||||||||
Minority
interest in subsidiary
|
-
|
6,171
|
-
|
-
|
6,171
|
|||||||||||
Net
income (loss)
|
$
|
(77,001
|
)
|
$
|
(24,684
|
)
|
$
|
(48,458
|
)
|
$
|
(489,116
|
)
|
$
|
(639,259
|
)
|
|
Total
assets as of March 31, 2007
|
$
|
2,141,060
|
$
|
840,769
|
$
|
833,104
|
$
|
473,083
|
$
|
4,288,016
|
(1) In
July
2007, the Company has entered three termination agreements with each party
of
the Urea entrepot trade for the termination of contracts between Kiwa BVI
and
Shengkui Technologies, Hua Yang Roneo Corporation and UPB International
Sourcing
Limited. Pursuant to these termination agreements, the Company will have
neither
rights nor obligations under previous contracts in connection with the
urea
entrepot trade except for a commission due to UPB. Based on these facts,
we
recognized relevant expenses in the second quarter of 2007.
(2) Beijing
Representative Office of Kiwa Shandong fulfills part of corporate managerial
function. Most of its expenses relating to this function were categorized
into
corporate segment.
18. Commitments
and Contingencies
The
Company has the following material contractual obligations:
Operating
lease commitments
The
Company leased an office in the United States under a commercial lease agreement
with a third party expiring in June 2008, with an aggregate monthly lease
payment of approximately $1,000. Pursuant to the lease agreements, rent expense
for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $3,000.
The
Company leased an office in Beijing under an operating lease since May 2005
with
an aggregate monthly lease payment of approximately RMB 40,767 ($5,808) and
the
lease was terminated with the consent of both the lessor and the Company on
July
14, 2007. The Company leased a new office in Beijing on July 15, 2007. The
operating lease agreement will expire at January 14, 2009. The monthly rental
payment for the new office is RMB 82,322 (approximately $11,700). Rent expense
under the operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
was $35,100 and 17,400, respectively.
The
Company has entered into an agreement with Challenge Feed, its joint venture
partner in Kiwa Tianjin, to lease several facilities for three years commencing
on August 1, 2006. The total monthly rental is RMB50,000 (approximately $7,100).
Pursuant to the lease agreement, rent expense for the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007 was both $21,300 (See Note 12 above).
19
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
NOTES
TO
CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Lease
commitments under the foregoing lease agreements are as follows:
Fiscal
year
|
Amount
|
||
2008
|
$
|
167,490
|
|
2009
|
53,140
|
||
Total
|
$
|
220,630
|
Technology
acquisition
On
May 8,
2006 the Company entered into a Technology Transfer Agreement with Jinan
Kelongboao Bio-Tech Co. Ltd. ("JKB"). Pursuant to the agreement, JKB agreed
to
transfer its AF-01 Anti-viral Aerosol technology for veterinary medicines to
the
Company. Pursuant to the agreement the Company will pay JKB a transfer fee
of
RMB10 million (approximately $1.42 million), of which RMB6 million is to be
paid
in cash and RMB4 million is to be paid in stock. The cash portion is to be
paid
in installments, the first installment RMB3 million was set for May 23, 2006
initially, of which RMB1 million has been paid and both parties have agreed
to
extend the remaining RMB2 million to the date when the application for new
veterinary drug certificate is accepted. Three other installments of RMB1
million are due upon the achievement of certain milestones, the last milestone
being the issuance by the PRC Ministry of Agriculture of a new medicine
certificate in respect of the technology. The RMB4 million stock payment will
be
due 90 days after the AF-01 technology is approved by the appropriate PRC
department for use as a livestock disinfector for preventing bird flu. The
agreement will become effective when the first installment has been fully paid.
Operation
of Kiwa-CAU R&D Center
Pursuant
to the agreement on joint incorporation of the research and development center
between CAU and Kiwa Shandong dated November 14, 2006, Kiwa Shandong agreed
to
invest RMB1 million (approximately $142,000) each year to fund research at
the
R&D Center. The term of this Agreement is ten years starting July 1, 2006.
Prof. Qi Wang, one of our directors, is also the Director of Kiwa-CAU R&D
Center.
Investment
in manufacturing and research facilities in Zoucheng, Shandong Province in
China
According
to the Project Agreement with Zoucheng Municipal Government in 2002, the Company
committed to invest approximately $18 million to $24 million for developing
the
manufacturing and research facilities in Zoucheng, Shandong Province. As of
November 13, 2006, the Company had invested approximately $1.79 million for
the
project. Management believes that neither the Company nor management will be
liable for compensation or penalty if the commitment is not
fulfilled.
19. Subsequent
Event
None.
20
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS.
This
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2008 contains
“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities
and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements that include the
words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” or similar expressions. These
forward-looking statements include, among others, statements concerning our
expectations regarding our working capital requirements, financing requirements,
business, growth prospects, competition and results of operations, and other
statements of expectations, beliefs, future plans and strategies, anticipated
events or trends, and similar expressions concerning matters that are not
historical facts. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2008 involve known and unknown
risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results,
performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in or
implied by the forward-looking statements contained herein.
Overview
The
Company took its present corporate form in March 2004 when shareholders of
Kiwa
Bio-Tech Products Group Ltd. (“Kiwa BVI”), a company originally organized under
the laws of the British Virgin Islands on June 5, 2002 and Tintic Gold Mining
Company (“Tintic”), a corporation originally incorporated in the state of Utah
on June 14, 1933 to perform mining operations in Utah, entered into a share
exchange transaction. The share exchange transaction left the shareholders
of
Kiwa BVI owning a majority of Tintic and Kiwa BVI a wholly-owned subsidiary
of
Tintic, See Note 1 “Background and Basis of Presentation” under Item 1. For
accounting purposes this transaction was treated as an acquisition of Tintic
Gold Mining Company by Kiwa BVI in the form of a reverse triangular merger
and a
recapitalization of Kiwa BVI and its wholly owned subsidiary, Kiwa Bio-Tech
Products (Shandong) Co., Ltd. (“Kiwa Shandong”). On July 21, 2004, we completed
our reincorporation in the State of Delaware.
We
have
established two subsidiaries in China: (1) Kiwa Shandong in 2002, a wholly-owned
subsidiary, and (2) Tianjin Kiwa Feed Co., Ltd. (“Kiwa Tianjin”) in July 2006,
of which we hold 80% equity. (See Note 1, Background and Basis of Presentation
under Item 1).
We
generated approximately $2.2 million and $1.4 million in revenue in the three
months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, reflecting an increase
of
approximately $800,000 or 57.8%. The marked increase is mainly due to the
notable expansion in our principal operations, including our bio-fertilizer
business and bio-enhanced feed business: (1) During the first quarter of 2008,
revenue generated from our bio-fertilizer business increased from approximately
$12,000 to $148,000, representing an eleven-fold increase; (2) net sales
contributed by the bio-enhanced feed business increased 48.4%, from $1.37
million in first quarter of 2007 to $2.04 million in first quarter of 2008.
We
incurred a net loss of $686,000 (including non-cash expenses of approximately
$290,000) and $639,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007,
respectively.
Due
to
our limited revenues from sales and continuing losses, we have relied on the
proceeds from the sale of our equity securities and loans from both unrelated
and related parties to provide the resources necessary to fund the development
of our business plan and operations. During three months ended March 31, 2008,
we entered into a stock purchase agreement with an investor. Pursuant to this
agreement, we issued five million shares of our common stock for $650,000 cash.
Our financing activities generated $508,560 net cash inflow in total during
the
three months ended March 31, 2008. These funds are insufficient to execute
our
business plan as currently contemplated. Management is currently looking for
alternative sources of capital to fund our operations.
21
Going
Concern
Our
condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that
we
will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets
and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated
financial statements do not purport to represent the realizable or settlement
values.
As
of
March 31, 2008, we had an accumulated deficit of $11,760,717, of which $686,195
(including non-cash expenses of $290,285) and $639,259 (including non-cash
expenses of $274,151) was occurred during the three months ended March 31,
2008
and 2007, respectively. Though revenues from our principal operations increased
significantly in the first quarter of 2008 as compared with 2007, we still
incurred a net loss. Net sales from our bio-fertilizer business remain
relatively low and our bio-enhanced feed business’s profit margin declined. We
currently do not have sufficient revenues to support our business activities
and
we expect operating losses to continue. We will require additional capital
to
fund our operations.
As
of
March 31, 2008, our current liabilities were $3,153,537, which exceeded current
assets by $1,085,886, representing a current ratio of 0.66 and a quick ratio
0.34; comparably, on December 31, 2007, our current liabilities exceeded current
assets by $1,366,926, resulting in a current ratio of 0.52 and a quick ratio
of
0.23. The improvement of short-term liquidity is mainly due to a
6800% increase in net cash inflow from financing activities, increased
$501,191 in the first quarter of 2008 to $508,560 as compared to $7,369 in
2007.
If we can achieve the necessary financing to increase our working capital,
we
believe the Company will be well-positioned to further increase sales of our
products and to generate more revenues in the future. There can be no assurances
that we will be successful in obtaining this financing or in increasing our
sales revenue if we do obtain the financing.
Our
independent auditors have added an explanatory paragraph to their audit opinion
issued in connection with our financial statements for the latest five years,
which states that the financial statements raise substantial doubt as to our
ability to continue as a going concern. Our ability to make operations
profitable or obtain additional funding will determine our ability to continue
as a going concern.
Trends
and Uncertainties in Regulation and Government Policy in China
Agricultural
Policy Changes in China
Economic
growth in China has averaged 9.5% over the past two decades and seems likely
to
continue at that pace for some time. Per China Statistics Bureau, gross domestic
product in 2006 increased 10.7% compared to 2005. However China now faces an
imbalance between urban and rural environments as well as the manufacturing
and
agricultural industries. Since 2004, the Chinese central government has
consecutively announced a so-called No. 1 Document each year concerning the
countryside. The latest No.1 document unveiled on January 30, 2008 contains
a
wide range of policies aimed at promoting sustainable development of
agriculture, for example, by promoting the income level of eight-hundred million
Chinese farmers, strengthening supervision of farm inputs and actively
developing green-food and organic food. We should benefit from these favorable
policies as farmers will retain more of their income and will most likely spend
some of that income on our products, resulting in greater sales. In addition,
we
anticipate receiving additional governmental support in marketing our products
to farmers due to additional procedural changes included with the new policy.
22
General
Fiscal and Monetary Policy Changes in China
China
has
experienced price inflation starting about the second half of 2007. During
the
three months ended March 31, 2008, the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) increased
8.0% as compared to the same period of 2007. On the other hand, average income
of rural residents increased 18.5% during the same period.
Foreign
Investment Policy Change
On
March
16, 2007, China's parliament, the National People's Congress, adopted the
Enterprise Income Tax Law, which took effective on January 1, 2008. The new
income tax law sets unified income tax rate for domestic and foreign companies
at 25% and abolishes the favorable policy for foreign invested enterprises.
After this law takes effect, newly established foreign invested enterprises
will
not, in general, enjoy favorable tax treatment as in effect under previous
tax
laws. However, a 15% corporate income tax rate for qualified high and new
technology enterprises survives and will not be geographically restricted to
high and new tech areas recognized by the central government. Foreign invested
enterprises that formerly benefited from other favorable tax treatment will
continue to enjoy favorable tax treatment, although the conditions under which
the benefit is available have narrowed. For example, according to the enterprise
income tax law previously in effect, our PRC subsidiaries, Kiwa Shandong and
Kiwa Tianjin, were exempt from corporate income taxes for their first two
profitable years and were entitled to a 50% tax reduction for the succeeding
three years. Now that the new income tax law is in effect, fiscal year 2008
is
regarded as the first profitable year even if Kiwa Shandong or Kiwa Tianjin
are
not profitable that year; thereby narrowing the time period when the favorable
tax treatment may be available to us. Although less favorable than before the
adoption of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, we believe the beneficial tax status
we enjoy will make an investment in our Company relatively more attractive
to
both foreign and domestic investors in China, which could improve our liquidity
or provide additional capital resources. However, the PRC is undergoing a
significant transition period in the development of its tax policy for private
industry and it is possible that the tax laws could be modified in the future
such that we would be ineligible for these benefits. In such case our tax
liability will increase and our liquidity will decrease.
Foreign
Exchange Policy Changes
China
is
considering allowing its currency to be freely exchangeable for other major
currencies. This change will result in greater liquidity for revenues generated
in RMB. We would benefit by having easier access to and greater flexibility
with
capital generated in and held in the form of RMB. The majority of our assets
are
located in China and most of our earnings are currently generated in China,
and
are therefore denominated in RMB. Changes in the RMB-U.S. Dollar exchange rate
will impact our reported results of operations and financial condition. In
the
event that RMB appreciates over the next year as compared to the U.S. Dollar,
our earnings will benefit from the appreciation of RMB. However, if we have
to
use U.S. Dollars to invest in our Chinese operations, we will suffer from the
depreciation of U.S. Dollars against RMB. On the other hand, if the value of
RMB
were to depreciate compared to U.S. Dollars, then our reported earnings and
financial condition would be adversely affected when converted to U.S. Dollars.
23
On
July
21, 2005, the People’s Bank of China announced it would appreciate the RMB,
increasing the RMB-U.S. Dollar exchange rate from approximately US$1.00 =
RMB8.28 to approximately US$1.00 = RMB8.11. So far the trend of such
appreciation continues; the exchange rate of U.S. Dollar against RMB on March
31, 2008 was US$1.00 = RMB7.0190.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
We
prepared our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The
preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Management periodically evaluates the estimates and judgments made.
Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on
various factors that are believed to be reasonable under current circumstances.
Actual results may differ from these estimates as a result of different
assumptions or conditions.
The
following critical accounting policies affect the more significant judgments
and
estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
In
addition, you should refer to our accompanying balance sheets as of March 31,
2008 (unaudited) and December 31, 2007 (audited), and the statements of
operations, equity movement and cash flows for the three months ended March
31,
2008 and 2007 (unaudited), and the related notes thereto, for further discussion
of our accounting policies.
Accounts
Receivables
The
Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and establishes
an
allowance for doubtful accounts when amounts are not considered fully
collectable. Generally speaking, the Company’s credit policy is to provide 100%
bad debt provision for the amounts outstanding over 365 days after the deduction
of the amount subsequently settled after the balance sheet date, which
management believes is consistent with industry practice in the China region.
We
also provide 100% bad debt provision to those accounts receivable being
outstanding for less than 365 days but specifically identified as
uncollectable.
As
of
March 31, 2008, there was $290,827 in accounts receivable over 365 days old.
We
established a doubtful accounts reserve for the full amount based on our policy
of recording a provision for total accounts receivable over one year.
Terms
of
our sales vary from cash on delivery to a credit term up to three to twelve
months. Depending on the results of our credit investigations, we require our
customers to pay between 20% and 60% of the purchase price of an order placed
prior to shipment, depending on the results of our credit investigations, prior
to shipment. The remaining balance is due within twelve months, unless other
terms are approved by management. The agriculture-biotechnology market in China
is in the early stages of development and we are still in the process of
exploring the new market. We may also distribute our bio-products to special
wholesalers with favorable payment terms with a focus on the future. We maintain
a policy that all sales are final and we do not allow returns. However, in
the
event of defective products, we may allow customers to exchange the defective
products for new products within the quality guarantee period. In the event
of
any exchange, the customers pay all transportation expenses.
24
Inventories
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost, determined on the weighted average method,
and
net realizable value. Work in progress and finished goods are composed of direct
material, direct labor and a portion of manufacturing overhead. Net realizable
value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs to complete and dispose.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
Our
long-lived assets consist of property, equipment and intangible assets. As
of
March 31, 2008, the net value of property and equipment and intangible assets
was $1,602,688 and $291,637, respectively, which represented approximately
37.6%
and 6.8% of our total assets, respectively.
We
periodically evaluate our investment in long-lived assets, including property
and equipment, for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate the net carrying amount may not be recoverable. Our judgments regarding
potential impairment are based on legal factors, market conditions and
operational performance indicators, among others. In assessing the impairment
of
property and equipment, we make assumptions regarding the estimated future
cash
flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets.
If
these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, we may be
required to record impairment charges for these assets. The actual production
capacity of Kiwa Shandong in fiscal 2007 and the first quarter of 2008 was
significantly lower than its normal capacity because the upgrade in our
fermentation facility has not yet fully completed. Our production capacity
is
increasing gradually and steadily. It is expected that the second stage upgrade
will be completed in the first half of 2008 and Kiwa Shandong’s production
capacity will continue to increase throughout fiscal 2008.
Based
on
our analysis, we have determined that there was no impairment to our current
production facilities and intangible assets as of March 31, 2008 and December
31, 2007.
Fair
value of warrants and options
We
have
adopted SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities” to recognize warrants relating to loans and warrants issued to
consultants as compensation as derivative instruments in our consolidated
financial statements.
We
also
adopt SFAS No. 123(R) “Share Based Payment” to recognize options granted to
employees as derivative instruments in our consolidated financial statements.
We
calculate fair value of the warrants and options with Black-Schole Model.
Revenue
Recognition
We
recognize revenue for our products in accordance with Securities and Exchange
Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in
Financial Statements,” as amended by SAB No. 104, “Revenue Recognition.” Sales
represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added tax, supplied to
customers, and are recognized upon delivery of goods and passage of
title.
25
Income
Taxes
The
Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109,
“Accounting for Income Taxes”, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets
and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have
been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequence
attributable to the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities
and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets
and
liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rate expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of
a
change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
enactment date. The Company establishes a valuation when it is more likely
than
not that the assets will not be recovered.
Major
Customers and Suppliers
Bio-fertilizer
products
We
had a
total of 14 customers as of March 31, 2008, of which two customers accounted
for
63.8% and 17.2% of our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2008,
respectively. No other single customer accounted for more than 8% of our
revenues. Three customers accounted for 26.7%, 24.1% and 23.3% of our net sales
for the three months ended March 31, 2007, respectively.
Four
suppliers accounted for 24.0%, 16.8%, 16.4% and 12.8% of our net purchase during
the three months ended March 31, 2008. Comparably, three suppliers accounted
for
23.8%, 16.9% and 16.3% of our net purchases for the three months ended March
31,
2007, respectively. Historically our existing suppliers have met our needs.
In
addition, the raw materials used in our bio-fertilizer products are widely
available from a variety of alternative sources.
Bio-enhanced
feed
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, we had 50 customers in total. Our three
largest customers accounted for 15%, 9.1% and 6.0% of our net sales
respectively. One customer accounted for 18.8% of our net sales for the three
months ended March 31, 2007. No other single customer accounted for more than
8%
of our net sales.
Our
two
largest suppliers accounted for 25.3% and 12.1% of our net purchases for the
three months ended March 31, 2008, no other individual supplier account for
more
than 10.0% of our net purchases. Four suppliers accounted for 21.5%, 15.3%,
10.9% and 10.4% of our net purchases for the three months ended March 31, 2007,
respectively. No other single supplier accounted for more than 10%. Raw
materials used in our production of bio-enhanced feed products are available
from a wide variety of alternative sources.
Results
of Operations
Net
Sales
Net
sales
were $2,184,271 and $1,384,093 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and
2007, respectively, representing an increase of $800,178 or 57.8%. The marked
increase is mainly due to the notable expansion in our principal operations,
including our bio-fertilizer business and bio-enhanced feed business. During
the
first quarter of 2008, revenue generated from our bio-fertilizer business
increased from $11,976 to $148,104, representing a 1136.7% increase. Net sales
contributed by our bio-enhanced feed business increased 48.4%, from $1,372,117
in the first quarter of 2007 to $2,036,167 in first quarter of
2008.
26
Cost
of Sales
Cost
of
sales was $2,121,566 and $1,245,770 for the three months ended March 31, 2008
and 2007, respectively. The increase of $875,796 or 70.3% in cost of sales
was
primarily due to the rapid increase of sales.
Gross
Profit
Gross
profit was $62,705 and $138,323, respectively, in the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007.
This
decrease of $75,618 or 54.7% in gross profit was mainly caused by the decrease
in gross profit margin for our bio-enhanced feed business from 9.9% to 0.9%.
The
significant decrease in profit margin in the bio-enhanced feed business was
due
to a sharp increase in prices of raw materials. Although we adjusted the prices
of our products in response, materials prices rose faster than we could adjust
product prices.
Bio-fertilizer
|
Changes
|
Bio-enhanced
feed
|
Changes
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2008
Q1
|
2007
Q1
|
Amount
|
Percentage
|
2008
Q1
|
2007
Q1
|
Amount
|
Percentage
|
||||||||||||||||||
Net
Sales
|
$
|
148,104
|
$
|
11,976
|
$
|
136,128
|
1136.7
|
%
|
$
|
2,036,169
|
$
|
1,372,117
|
$
|
664,052
|
48.4
|
%
|
|||||||||
Cost
of Sales
|
102,772
|
9,113
|
93,659
|
1027.8
|
%
|
2,018,794
|
1,236,657
|
782,137
|
63.2
|
%
|
|||||||||||||||
Gross
Profit
|
$
|
45,332
|
$
|
2,863
|
$
|
42,469
|
1483.4
|
%
|
$
|
17,375
|
$
|
135,460
|
$
|
(118,085
|
)
|
-87.2
|
%
|
||||||||
Gross
Profit Margin
|
30.6
|
%
|
23.9
|
%
|
0.9
|
%
|
9.9
|
%
|
In
the
first quarter of 2008, the gross profit margin of our bio-fertilizer business
increased 6.7%, from 23.9% to 30.6%. The variance in gross profit margin is
related to the shift in products sold during the respective quarters. In the
three months ended March 31, 2008, two of our best-selling products (Organic
Fertilizer and Di Fu Kang) had profit margins of 29.5% and 33.1%, respectively,
which accounted for 64.6% and 22.3% of our net sales. During the first quarter
of 2007, our top two selling products (Yi Mu Ling and Zhi Guang You II) had
gross profit margins of 11.1% and 34.7%, respectively, which accounted for
56.6%
and 28.8% of our net sales.
During
three months ended March 31, 2008, gross profit of bio-enhanced feed decreased
9.0% from 9.9% to 0.9%. The reduced profit margin was mainly contributable
to
the increase of production cost, especially, raw material price, which is
quicker than our adjustment of products selling prices.
Consulting
and Professional Fees
Consulting
and professional fees occurred were $118,467 and $189,461 for the first quarter
of 2008 and 2007, respectively, representing a decrease of $70,994 or
37.5%.
27
Most
of
these fees in the first quarter of 2008 are related to investor relations,
fundraising commission amortization and public company operations. The decrease
in consulting and professional fees is primarily attributable to reduced
investor relations fees for the first quarter of 2008 as compared to
2007.
Officers’
Compensation
Officers’
compensation was $59,032 and $65,042 for the three months ended March 31, 2008
and 2007, respectively. This represents a $6,010 or 9.2% reduction in officers’
compensation. The reduction in officers’ compensation is mainly due to the
resignation of a high-salary executive in the second quarter of
2007.
General
and Administrative
General
and administrative expenses were $245,370 and $179,024 for the three months
ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, an increase of $66,346 or 37.1%. General and
administrative expenses include salaries, travel and entertainment, rent, office
expense, telephone expense and insurance costs. The increase was primarily
due
to the expansion of our operating activities, which led to increased rental,
salary, travel and office expenses.
Selling
expenses
During
first quarter of 2008, selling expenses were $48,454, a decrease of $95,171
or
66.3% from $143,625, our selling expenses in the comparable period in 2007.
This
decrease is mainly attributable to our adjustment of marketing and sales
policies in our bio-enhanced feed business.
Research
and Development
Research
and development expenses decreased by $3,587 or 7.3% to $45,717, for the three
months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $49,304 for the three months ended
March 31, 2007.
Depreciation
and Amortization
Depreciation
and amortization, excluding depreciation included in cost of production and
deprecation of research equipment, decreased $5,096 or 16.3% to $26,177, for
the
three months ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $31,273 for the same period
of
2007. The decrease in depreciation and amortization is mainly due to the
abnormally low production volume in Kiwa Shandong in the first quarter of 2007.
During 2007, partial depreciation of manufacturing facilities was booked as
operating expense, which would normally be booked as production costs when
production capacity reaches an adequate level.
Allowance
and Provision
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008 we accrued allowance and provision of
$2,381 in total as compared to $266 in the same period of 2007. The increase
is
mainly due to a bad debt provision accrued for accounts receivable outstanding
over 365 days.
Net
Interest Expense
Net
interest expense was $219,547 in the first quarter of 2008 and $125,758 in
the
same period of 2007, representing a $93,789 or 74.6% increase. The increase
is
mainly attributable to amortization of the discount on long-term convertible
notes and other loans with detachable warrants, which has been charged to
interest expense. The amortization increased from $76,347 in the first quarter
of 2007 to $172,932 in the comparable period of 2008.
28
Net
Loss
Our
net
loss for the first quarter of 2008 was $686,195 (including non-cash expenses
of
$290,285), an increase of $46,936 or 7.3% compared to net loss in the same
period of 2007, which was $639,259 (including non-cash expenses of $274,151).
This increase resulted from the following factors: (1) decrease in gross profit
of $75,618 or 54.7%; (2) decrease in operating expenses of $112,397 or 17.1%;
(3) increase in interest expenses of $93,789 or 74.6%; and (4) minority interest
in subsidiary in first quarter of 2008 was $16,245 and was $6,171 in first
quarter of 2007.
Comprehensive
Loss
Comprehensive
loss decreased by $69,334 to $693,719 for the three months ended March 31,
2008,
as compared to $763,053 for the comparable period of 2007. The decrease in
comprehensive loss in the current period as compared to the comparable period
in
2007 is due to an increase of $46,936 in net loss and a decrease of $116,270
in
other comprehensive loss.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Since
inception of our ag-biotech business in 2002, we have relied on the proceeds
from the sale of our equity securities and loans from both unrelated and related
parties to provide the resources necessary to fund our operations and the
execution of our business plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2008,
we
raised $650,000 from sales of equity. To the extent of our fundraisings, our
short-term liquidity has improved, however, as of March 31, 2008, our current
liabilities exceeded current assets by $1,085,886, reflecting a current ratio
of
0.66:1 and a quick ratio of 0.34:1. Comparably, as of December 31, 2007, our
current liabilities exceeded current assets by $1,366,926, denoting current
ratio of 0.52:1 and quick ratio of 0.23:1.
As
of
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had cash of $236,929 and $61,073,
respectively. The change is outlined as follows:
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, our operations utilized cash of $331,218
as compared with positive cash inflow of $335,774 in same period of 2007. Such
cash was mainly used for working capital for our bio-fertilizer and bio-enhanced
feed businesses, including increase of inventories and accounts
receivable.
During
the first quarter of 2008, we utilized nil in investing activities.
Comparatively, in the same period of 2007 we spent $89,493 for the purchase
of
property and equipment.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, we generated $508,560 from financing
activities, consisting of proceeds from issuance of common stock of $650,000
and
loans from related parties of $180,457, which was offset by repayment of
$319,572 to related parties and long-term borrowings of $2,325. During the
same
period of 2007, we generated $7,369 from financing activities, consisting of
the
proceeds of $55,818 from advances or loans from related parties, which was
offset by the repayments to related parties of $47,085 and long-term borrowings
of $1,364.
29
Currently,
we have insufficient cash resources to accomplish our objectives and also do
not
anticipate generating sufficient positive operating cash inflow in the rest
of
2008 to fund our planned operations. We are actively looking for new sources
of
capital. To the extent that we are unable to successfully raise the capital
necessary to fund our future cash requirements on a timely basis and under
acceptable terms and conditions, we will not have sufficient cash resources
to
maintain operations, and may have to curtail operations and consider a formal
or
informal restructuring or reorganization.
Commitments
and Contingencies
See
Note
18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1 in Part I.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
At
March
31, 2008, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or
financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance
or special purpose entities, established for the purpose of facilitating
off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited
purposes. As such, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or
credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such
relationships.
ITEM
3. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign
Currency Exchange Rate Risk
All
of
our revenues and the majority of our expenses and liabilities incurred are
in
RMB. Thus, our revenues and operating results may be impacted by exchange rate
fluctuations of RMB. Up to now we have not reduced our exposure to exchange
rate
fluctuations by using hedging transactions or any other measures to avoid our
exchange rate risks. Accordingly, we may experience economic losses and negative
impacts on earnings and equity as a result of foreign exchange rate
fluctuations. For the first quarter of 2008, foreign currency translation
adjustments to our comprehensive income were $7,524, primarily as a result
of
RMB appreciating against the U.S. dollar.
ITEM
4. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls.
As of
the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, we carried out an
evaluation, under the supervision of, and with the participation of our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer
and
Chief Financial Officer have concluded that: (i) as of the end of the
period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective to enable us to record, process, summarize and report information
required to be included in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange
Act within the time periods required; and (ii) as of the end of the period
covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective
in
ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that
we
file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our
management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial
officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely
decisions regarding required disclosure.
30
Changes
in internal control over financial reporting.
There
were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting
during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or
are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
31
PART
II. OTHER
INFORMATION
ITEM
1. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
The
Company is not currently involved in any material pending legal
proceedings.
ITEM
2. UNREGISTERED
SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
We
issued
detachable warrants to Mr. Li to purchase the aggregate of 876,490 shares of
common stock of the Company, in connection with the advance agreement with
Mr.
Li dated January 10, 2008, under which Mr. Li advanced $213,923 to the Company
in the fourth quarter of 2007. The per share exercise price of the warrants
is
$0.12.
On
February 27, 2008 we issued 140,000 shares of common stock to an investor
relation consultant for services to be rendered pursuant to a consulting
agreement between us and the consultant dated December 20, 2007. A copy of
the
Consulting Agreement is included as an exhibit to this report.
On
March
14, 2008, we issued 5,000,000 shares of our common stock to a Chinese citizen
for aggregate consideration of $650,000 cash.
The
above-mentioned issuances were unregistered sale of equity securities, relying
on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated
under the Securities Act for its exemption from the registration requirements
of
the Securities Act.
ITEM
3. DEFAULTS
UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM
4. SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
ITEM
5. OTHER
INFORMATION.
None.
ITEM
6. EXHIBITS.
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
Incorporated
by Reference in Document
|
Exhibit
No. in Incorporated Document
|
3.1
|
Certificate
of Incorporation, effective as of July 21, 2004.
|
Form
8-K filed on July
23
2004
|
3.1
|
3.2
|
Bylaws,
effective as of July 22, 2004.
|
FORM
8-K FILED ON JULY
23, 2004
|
3.2
|
3.3
|
Certificate
of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, effective as of September
27, 2006.
|
Form
10-QSB filed on November 15, 2006
|
3.3
|
32
Exhibit
No.
|
Description
|
Incorporated
by Reference in Document
|
Exhibit
No. in Incorporated Document
|
10.1
|
Consulting
Agreement between the Company and Robert Schechter dated January
10,
2008
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
21
|
List
of Subsidiaries
|
Form
10-KSB filed on April 2, 2007
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
Filed
herewith.
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
Filed
herewith.
|
33
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant
has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto
duly authorized.
KIWA
BIO-TECH PRODUCTS GROUP CORPORATION
(Registrant)
/s/
Wei Li
|
May
8, 2008
|
Chief
Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of
Directors
|
Wei
Li
|
(Principal
Executive Officer)
|
|
/s/
Lianjun Luo
|
May
8, 2008
|
Chief
Financial Officer and Director
|
Lianjun
Luo
|
(Principal
Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)
|
34