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Kosmos Energy Ltd. - Quarter Report: 2019 September (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
 
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from               to              
 
Commission file number:  001-35167
 
kos_logo.jpg
Kosmos Energy Ltd.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
 
98-0686001
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
 
 
 
8176 Park Lane
 
 
Dallas,
Texas
 
75231
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol
 
Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock $0.01 par value
 
KOS
 
New York Stock Exchange
 
 
 
 
London Stock Exchange
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: +1 214 445 9600
 
Not applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒  No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ☒  No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☒
 
Accelerated filer
☐
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
☐
 
Smaller reporting company
☐
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
☐
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☒
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class
 
Outstanding at November 1, 2019
Common Shares, $0.01 par value
 
401,516,098
 

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Unless otherwise stated in this report, references to “Kosmos,” “we,” “us” or “the company” refer to Kosmos Energy Ltd. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. We have provided definitions for some of the industry terms used in this report in the “Glossary and Selected Abbreviations” beginning on page 3.
 
 
Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
 

2
Table of Contents

KOSMOS ENERGY LTD.
GLOSSARY AND SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS
 
The following are abbreviations and definitions of certain terms that may be used in this report. Unless listed below, all defined terms under Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X shall have their statutorily prescribed meanings.
 
“2D seismic data”
Two-dimensional seismic data, serving as interpretive data that allows a view of a vertical cross-section beneath a prospective area.
 
 
“3D seismic data”
Three-dimensional seismic data, serving as geophysical data that depicts the subsurface strata in three dimensions. 3D seismic data typically provides a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the subsurface strata than 2D seismic data.
 
 
"ANP-STP"
Agencia Nacional Do Petroleo De Sao Tome E Principe.
 
 
“API”
A specific gravity scale, expressed in degrees, that denotes the relative density of various petroleum liquids. The scale increases inversely with density. Thus lighter petroleum liquids will have a higher API than heavier ones.
 
 
“ASC”
Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification.
 
 
“ASU”
Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Update.
 
 
“Barrel” or “Bbl”
A standard measure of volume for petroleum corresponding to approximately 42 gallons at 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
 
 
“BBbl”
Billion barrels of oil.
 
 
“BBoe”
Billion barrels of oil equivalent.
 
 
“Bcf”
Billion cubic feet.
 
 
“Boe”
Barrels of oil equivalent. Volumes of natural gas converted to barrels of oil using a conversion factor of 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel of oil.
 
 
"BOEM"
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.
 
 
“Boepd”
Barrels of oil equivalent per day.
 
 
“Bopd”
Barrels of oil per day.
 
 
"BP"
BP p.l.c.
 
 
“Bwpd”
Barrels of water per day.
 
 
“Debt cover ratio”
The “debt cover ratio” is broadly defined, for each applicable calculation date, as the ratio of (x) total long-term debt less cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, to (y) the aggregate EBITDAX (see below) of the Company for the previous twelve months.
 
 

3
Table of Contents

“Developed acreage”
The number of acres that are allocated or assignable to productive wells or wells capable of production.
 
 
“Development”
The phase in which an oil or natural gas field is brought into production by drilling development wells and installing appropriate production systems.
 
 
"DGE"
Deep Gulf Energy (together with its subsidiaries).
 
 
“Dry hole" or "Unsuccessful well”
A well that has not encountered a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir expected to produce in commercial quantities.
 
 
“EBITDAX”
Net income (loss) plus (i) exploration expense, (ii) depletion, depreciation and amortization expense, (iii) equity‑based compensation expense, (iv) unrealized (gain) loss on commodity derivatives (realized losses are deducted and realized gains are added back), (v) (gain) loss on sale of oil and gas properties, (vi) interest (income) expense, (vii) income taxes, (viii) loss on extinguishment of debt, (ix) doubtful accounts expense and (x) similar other material items which management believes affect the comparability of operating results. The Facility EBITDAX definition includes 50% of the EBITDAX adjustments of Kosmos-Trident International Petroleum Inc for the period it was an equity method investment and includes Last Twelve Months ("LTM") EBITDAX for any acquisitions and excludes LTM EBITDAX for any divestitures.
 
 
"ESP"
Electric submersible pump.
 
 
“E&P”
Exploration and production.
 
 
“FASB”
Financial Accounting Standards Board.
 
 
“Farm-in”
An agreement whereby a party acquires a portion of the participating interest in a block from the owner of such interest, usually in return for cash and/or for taking on a portion of future costs or other performance by the assignee as a condition of the assignment.
 
 
“Farm-out”
An agreement whereby the owner of the participating interest agrees to assign a portion of its participating interest in a block to another party for cash and/or for the assignee taking on a portion of future costs and/or other work as a condition of the assignment.
 
 
"FEED"
Front End Engineering Design.
 
 
“Field life cover ratio”
The “field life cover ratio” is broadly defined, for each applicable forecast period, as the ratio of (x) the forecasted net present value of net cash flow through depletion plus the net present value of the forecast of certain capital expenditures incurred in relation to the Ghana and Equatorial Guinea assets, to (y) the aggregate loan amounts outstanding under the Facility.
 
 
"FLNG"
Floating liquefied natural gas.
 
 
"FPS"
Floating production system.
 
 
“FPSO”
Floating production, storage and offloading vessel.
 
 
"GEPetrol"
Guinea Equatorial De Petroleos.
 
 

4
Table of Contents

"GNPC"
Ghana National Petroleum Corporation.
 
 
"KBSL"
Kosmos BP Senegal Limited.
 
 
"KTIPI"
Kosmos-Trident International Petroleum Inc.
 
 
“Interest cover ratio”
The “interest cover ratio” is broadly defined, for each applicable calculation date, as the ratio of (x) the aggregate EBITDAX (see above) of the Company for the previous twelve months, to (y) interest expense less interest income for the Company for the previous twelve months.
 
 
“Loan life cover ratio”
The “loan life cover ratio” is broadly defined, for each applicable forecast period, as the ratio of (x) net present value of forecasted net cash flow through the final maturity date of the Facility plus the net present value of forecasted capital expenditures incurred in relation to the Ghana and Equatorial Guinea assets, to (y) the aggregate loan amounts outstanding under the Facility.
 
 
"LNG"
Liquefied natural gas.
 
 
“MBbl”
Thousand barrels of oil.
 
 
"MBoe"
Thousand barrels of oil equivalent.
 
 
“Mcf”
Thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
 
 
“Mcfpd”
Thousand cubic feet per day of natural gas.
 
 
“MMBbl”
Million barrels of oil.
 
 
“MMBoe”
Million barrels of oil equivalent.
 
 
"MMBtu"
Million British thermal units.
 
 
“MMcf”
Million cubic feet of natural gas.
 
 
“MMcfd”
Million cubic feet per day of natural gas.
 
 
"MMTPA"
Million metric tonnes per annum.
 
 
“Natural gas liquid” or “NGL”
Components of natural gas that are separated from the gas state in the form of liquids. These include propane, butane, and ethane, among others.
 
 
"Ophir"
Ophir Energy plc.
 
 
“Petroleum contract”
A contract in which the owner of hydrocarbons gives an E&P company temporary and limited rights, including an exclusive option to explore for, develop, and produce hydrocarbons from the lease area.
 
 

5
Table of Contents

“Petroleum system”
A petroleum system consists of organic material that has been buried at a sufficient depth to allow adequate temperature and pressure to expel hydrocarbons and cause the movement of oil and natural gas from the area in which it was formed to a reservoir rock where it can accumulate.
 
 
“Plan of development” or “PoD”
A written document outlining the steps planned to be undertaken to develop a field.
 
 
“Productive well”
An exploratory or development well found to be capable of producing either oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion as an oil or natural gas well.
 
 
“Prospect(s)”
A potential trap that may contain hydrocarbons and is supported by the necessary amount and quality of geologic and geophysical data to indicate a probability of oil and/or natural gas accumulation ready to be drilled. The five required elements (generation, migration, reservoir, seal and trap) must be present for a prospect to work and if any of these fail neither oil nor natural gas may be present, at least not in commercial volumes.
 
 
“Proved reserves”
Estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be economically recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions, as well as additional reserves expected to be obtained through confirmed improved recovery techniques, as defined in SEC Regulation S-X 4-10(a)(2).
 
 
“Proved developed reserves”
Those proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and facilities and by existing operating methods.
 
 
“Proved undeveloped reserves”
Those proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from future wells and facilities, including future improved recovery projects which are anticipated with a high degree of certainty in reservoirs which have previously shown favorable response to improved recovery projects.
 
 
"SNPC"
Société Nationale des Pétroles du Congo.
 
 
“Shelf margin”
The path created by the change in direction of the shoreline in reaction to the filling of a sedimentary basin.
 
 
"Shell"
Shell Exploration Company B.V.
 
 
“Stratigraphy”
The study of the composition, relative ages and distribution of layers of sedimentary rock.
 
 
“Stratigraphic trap”
A stratigraphic trap is formed from a change in the character of the rock rather than faulting or folding of the rock and oil is held in place by changes in the porosity and permeability of overlying rocks.
 
 
“Structural trap”
A topographic feature in the earth’s subsurface that forms a high point in the rock strata. This facilitates the accumulation of oil and natural gas in the strata.
 
 
“Structural-stratigraphic trap”
A structural-stratigraphic trap is a combination trap with structural and stratigraphic features.
 
 

6
Table of Contents

“Submarine fan”
A fan-shaped deposit of sediments occurring in a deep water setting where sediments have been transported via mass flow, gravity induced, processes from the shallow to deep water. These systems commonly develop at the bottom of sedimentary basins or at the end of large rivers.
 
 
“Three-way fault trap”
A structural trap where at least one of the components of closure is formed by offset of rock layers across a fault.
 
 
“Trap”
A configuration of rocks suitable for containing hydrocarbons and sealed by a relatively impermeable formation through which hydrocarbons will not migrate.
 
 
"Trident"
Trident Energy.
 
 
“Undeveloped acreage”
Lease acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of natural gas and oil regardless of whether such acreage contains discovered resources.


7
Table of Contents



KOSMOS ENERGY LTD. 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(In thousands, except share data)
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Assets
 

 
 

Current assets:
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
203,646

 
$
173,515

Restricted cash
7,745

 
4,527

Receivables:
 
 
 
Joint interest billings, net
54,409

 
64,572

Oil sales
54,612

 
48,164

Related party
—

 
5,580

Other
20,016

 
21,690

Inventories
140,218

 
84,827

Prepaid expenses and other
47,315

 
68,040

Derivatives
22,067

 
38,785

Total current assets
550,028

 
509,700

Property and equipment:
 

 
 

Oil and gas properties, net
3,780,989

 
3,444,864

Other property, net
18,047

 
14,837

Property and equipment, net
3,799,036

 
3,459,701

Other assets:
 

 
 

Equity method investment
—

 
51,896

Restricted cash
3,667

 
7,574

Long-term receivables
36,957

 
19,002

Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $14,027 and $12,065 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
6,975

 
8,937

Deferred tax assets
37,838

 
14,004

Derivatives
10,535

 
14,312

Other
23,223

 
3,063

Total assets
$
4,468,259

 
$
4,088,189

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 

 
 

Current liabilities:
 

 
 

Accounts payable
$
171,495

 
$
176,540

Accrued liabilities
292,419

 
195,596

Derivatives
8,461

 
12,172

Total current liabilities
472,375

 
384,308

Long-term liabilities:
 

 
 

Long-term debt, net
2,106,202

 
2,120,547

Derivatives
2,699

 
10,181

Asset retirement obligations
284,526

 
145,336

Deferred tax liabilities
678,808

 
477,179

Other long-term liabilities
32,619

 
9,160

Total long-term liabilities
3,104,854

 
2,762,403

Stockholders’ equity:
 

 
 

Preference shares, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 authorized shares; zero issued at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
—

 
—

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000,000 authorized shares; 445,757,319 and 442,914,675 issued at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
4,458

 
4,429

Additional paid-in capital
2,310,776

 
2,341,249

Accumulated deficit
(1,187,197
)
 
(1,167,193
)
Treasury stock, at cost, 44,263,269 and 44,263,269 shares at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
(237,007
)
 
(237,007
)
Total stockholders’ equity
891,030

 
941,478

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
4,468,259

 
$
4,088,189

See accompanying notes.

8
Table of Contents

KOSMOS ENERGY LTD.
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues and other income:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas revenue
$
357,036

 
$
242,833

 
$
1,049,759

 
$
585,220

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
7,666

 
—

 
7,666

Other income, net
(66
)
 
(280
)
 
(65
)
 
(17
)
Total revenues and other income
356,970

 
250,219

 
1,049,694

 
592,869

Costs and expenses:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas production
95,540

 
55,078

 
266,316

 
151,661

Facilities insurance modifications, net
12,569

 
12,334

 
(5,174
)
 
21,812

Exploration expenses
22,773

 
148,238

 
83,022

 
246,912

General and administrative
24,723

 
25,963

 
88,703

 
65,343

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
146,653

 
80,041

 
416,186

 
208,607

Interest and other financing costs, net
30,721

 
23,549

 
125,565

 
68,113

Derivatives, net
(27,016
)
 
57,357

 
35,884

 
236,107

Gain on equity method investments, net
—

 
(24,841
)
 
—

 
(59,637
)
Other expenses, net
11,472

 
(12,807
)
 
11,798

 
(8,164
)
Total costs and expenses
317,435

 
364,912

 
1,022,300

 
930,754

Income (loss) before income taxes
39,535

 
(114,693
)
 
27,394

 
(337,885
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
23,470

 
11,364

 
47,398

 
(58,329
)
Net income (loss)
$
16,065

 
$
(126,057
)
 
$
(20,004
)
 
$
(279,556
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) per share:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Basic
$
0.04

 
$
(0.31
)
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.70
)
Diluted
$
0.04

 
$
(0.31
)
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.70
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares used to compute net income (loss) per share:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Basic
401,466

 
404,536

 
401,319

 
399,026

Diluted
410,992

 
404,536

 
401,319

 
399,026

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends declared per common share
$
0.0452

 
$
—

 
$
0.1356

 
$
—

 
See accompanying notes.

9
Table of Contents

KOSMOS ENERGY LTD.
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
(In thousands)
 
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common Shares
 
Paid-in
 
Accumulated
 
Treasury
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount 
 
Capital
 
Deficit
 
Stock
 
Total
2019:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2018
442,915

 
$
4,429

 
$
2,341,249

 
$
(1,167,193
)
 
$
(237,007
)
 
$
941,478

Dividends ($0.0452 per share)
—

 
—

 
(18,744
)
 
—

 
—

 
(18,744
)
Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
8,744

 
—

 
—

 
8,744

Restricted stock awards and units
2,610

 
26

 
(26
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Purchase of treasury stock / tax withholdings
—

 
—

 
(1,979
)
 
—

 
—

 
(1,979
)
Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(52,906
)
 
—

 
(52,906
)
Balance as of March 31, 2019
445,525

 
4,455

 
2,329,244

 
(1,220,099
)
 
(237,007
)
 
876,593

Dividends ($0.0452 per share)
—

 
—

 
(18,740
)
 
—

 
—

 
(18,740
)
Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
9,525

 
—

 
—

 
9,525

Restricted stock awards and units
113

 
1

 
(1
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Purchase of treasury stock / tax withholdings
—

 
—

 
(4
)
 
—

 
—

 
(4
)
Net income
—

 
—

 
—

 
16,837

 
—

 
16,837

Balance as of June 30, 2019
445,638

 
4,456

 
2,320,024

 
(1,203,262
)
 
(237,007
)
 
884,211

Dividends ($0.0452 per share)
—

 
—

 
(18,753
)
 
—

 
—

 
(18,753
)
Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
9,507

 
—

 
—

 
9,507

Restricted stock awards and units
119

 
2

 
(2
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income
—

 
—

 
—

 
16,065

 
—

 
16,065

Balance as of September 30, 2019
$
445,757

 
$
4,458

 
$
2,310,776

 
$
(1,187,197
)
 
$
(237,007
)
 
$
891,030

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Balance as of December 31, 2017
398,599

 
$
3,986

 
$
2,014,525

 
$
(1,073,202
)
 
$
(48,197
)
 
$
897,112

Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
8,392

 
—

 
—

 
8,392

Restricted stock awards and units
6,380

 
64

 
(64
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Purchase of treasury stock / tax withholdings
—

 
—

 
(11,364
)
 
—

 
(510
)
 
(11,874
)
Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(50,226
)
 
—

 
(50,226
)
Balance as of March 31, 2018
404,979

 
4,050

 
2,011,489

 
(1,123,428
)
 
(48,707
)
 
843,404

Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
9,821

 
—

 
—

 
9,821

Restricted stock awards and units
2,578

 
26

 
(26
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Purchase of treasury stock / tax withholdings
—

 
—

 
(5,821
)
 
—

 
—

 
(5,821
)
Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(103,273
)
 
—

 
(103,273
)
Balance as of June 30, 2018
407,557

 
4,076

 
2,015,463

 
(1,226,701
)
 
(48,707
)
 
744,131

Acquisition of oil and gas properties
34,994

 
350

 
307,594

 
 
 
 
 
307,944

Equity-based compensation
—

 
—

 
8,915

 
—

 
—

 
8,915

Restricted stock awards and units
305

 
3

 
(3
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(126,057
)
 
—

 
(126,057
)
Balance as of September 30, 2018
$
442,856

 
$
4,429

 
$
2,331,969

 
$
(1,352,758
)
 
$
(48,707
)
 
$
934,933

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
See accompanying notes.

10
Table of Contents

KOSMOS ENERGY LTD.
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
(In thousands)
 
(Unaudited)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019

2018
Operating activities
 

 
 

Net loss
$
(20,004
)
 
$
(279,556
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
423,160

 
215,676

Deferred income taxes
(69,840
)
 
(84,095
)
Unsuccessful well costs and leasehold impairments
7,361

 
114,948

Change in fair value of derivatives
34,003

 
232,057

Cash settlements on derivatives, net (including $(27.0) million and $(107.3) million on commodity hedges during 2019 and 2018)
(24,701
)
 
(102,705
)
Equity-based compensation
27,382

 
25,975

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
(7,666
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
24,794

 
4,324

Distributions in excess of equity in earnings
—

 
5,235

Other
9,600

 
1,237

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Decrease in receivables
12,886

 
59,318

(Increase) decrease in inventories
(51,943
)
 
3,978

(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other
23,512

 
(9,732
)
Decrease in accounts payable
(61,909
)
 
(15,178
)
Increase (decrease) in accrued liabilities
65,975

 
(73,569
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
400,276

 
90,247

Investing activities
 

 
 

Oil and gas assets
(240,642
)
 
(149,305
)
Other property
(8,291
)
 
(3,560
)
Acquisition of oil and gas properties, net of cash acquired
—

 
(961,764
)
Return of investment from KTIPI
—

 
142,628

Proceeds on sale of assets
—

 
13,703

Notes receivable from partners
(19,565
)
 
—

Net cash used in investing activities
(268,498
)
 
(958,298
)
Financing activities
 

 
 

Borrowings under long-term debt
175,000

 
1,000,000

Payments on long-term debt
(325,000
)
 
(175,000
)
Net proceeds from issuance of senior notes
641,875

 
—

Redemption of senior secured notes
(535,338
)
 
—

Purchase of treasury stock / tax withholdings
(1,983
)
 
(17,695
)
Dividends
(54,447
)
 
—

Deferred financing costs
(2,443
)
 
(36,745
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(102,336
)
 
770,560

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
29,442

 
(97,491
)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
185,616

 
304,986

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
$
215,058

 
$
207,495

 
 
 
 
Supplemental cash flow information
 

 
 

Cash paid for:
 

 
 

Interest, net of capitalized interest
$
78,691

 
$
86,981

Income taxes
$
27,768

 
$
25,601

Non-cash activity:
 

 
 

Common stock issued for acquisition of oil and gas properties
$
—

 
$
307,944

 See accompanying notes.

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KOSMOS ENERGY LTD.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
 
1. Organization
 
Kosmos Energy Ltd. changed its jurisdiction of incorporation from Bermuda to the State of Delaware, in the United States of America, (the "Redomestication") in December 2018. As a holding company, Kosmos Energy Ltd.’s management operations are conducted through a wholly-owned subsidiary, Kosmos Energy, LLC. The terms “Kosmos,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “ours,” and similar terms refer to Kosmos Energy Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Kosmos is a full-cycle deepwater independent oil and gas exploration and production company focused along the Atlantic Margins. Our key assets include production offshore Ghana, Equatorial Guinea and U.S. Gulf of Mexico, as well as a world-class gas development offshore Mauritania and Senegal. We also maintain a sustainable exploration program balanced between proven basin infrastructure-led exploration (Equatorial Guinea and U.S. Gulf of Mexico), emerging basins (Mauritania, Senegal and Suriname) and frontier basins (Cote d'Ivoire, Namibia, Sao Tome and Principe, and South Africa). Kosmos is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and London Stock Exchange and is traded under the ticker symbol KOS.
 
Kosmos is engaged in a single line of business, which is the exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas. Substantially all of our long-lived assets and all of our product sales are related to operations in four geographic areas: Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Mauritania/Senegal and U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, we have exploration activities in other countries in the Atlantic Margins.
 
2. Accounting Policies
 
General
 
The interim consolidated financial statements included in this report are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results of the interim periods shown in this report are not necessarily indicative of the final results to be expected for the full year. The consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain notes or other financial information that are normally required by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these interim consolidated financial statements. These consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in our annual report on Form 10-K.
 
Reclassifications
 
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. Such reclassifications had no significant impact on our reported net income (loss), current assets, total assets, current liabilities, total liabilities, stockholders’ equity or cash flows. Additionally, as a result of our outstanding shares in KTIPI being transferred for an undivided interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex (effective January 1, 2019), our previously reported equity method investment in KTIPI has been allocated to the respective assets and liabilities on a relative fair value basis. See Note 7 — Equity Method Investments for additional information. 


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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash 

 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
203,646

 
$
173,515

Restricted cash - current
7,745

 
4,527

Restricted cash - long-term
3,667

 
7,574

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows
$
215,058

 
$
185,616


 
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits and funds invested in highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.
 
In accordance with certain of our petroleum contracts, we have posted letters of credit related to performance guarantees for our minimum work obligations. Certain of these letters of credit are cash collateralized in accounts held by us and as such are classified as restricted cash. Upon completion of the minimum work obligations and/or entering into the next phase of the respective petroleum contract, the requirement to post the existing letters of credit will be satisfied and the cash collateral will be released. However, additional letters of credit may be required should we choose to move into the next phase of certain of our petroleum contracts.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories consisted of $123.6 million and $83.4 million of materials and supplies and $16.6 million and $1.4 million of hydrocarbons as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company’s materials and supplies inventory primarily consists of casing and wellheads and is stated at the lower of cost, using the weighted average cost method, or net realizable value.
 
Hydrocarbon inventory is carried at the lower of cost, using the weighted average cost method, or net realizable value. Hydrocarbon inventory costs include expenditures and other charges incurred in bringing the inventory to its existing condition. Selling expenses and general and administrative expenses are reported as period costs and excluded from inventory costs.

Leases (Policy applicable beginning January 1, 2019)

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” ASU 2016-02 was issued to increase transparency and comparability across organizations by recognizing substantially all leases on the balance sheet through the concept of right-of-use lease assets and liabilities. Under prior accounting guidance, lessees did not recognize lease assets or liabilities for leases classified as operating leases. The ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, which added a transition option permitting entities to apply the provisions of the new standard at its adoption date instead of the earliest comparative period presented in the consolidated financial statements. Under this transition option, comparative reporting would not be required, and the provisions of the standard would be applied prospectively to leases in effect at the date of adoption. The Company adopted the guidance prospectively during the first quarter of 2019. As part of our adoption, we elected not to reassess historical lease classification, recognize short-term leases on our balance sheet, nor separate lease and non-lease components for our real estate leases. The adoption and implementation of this ASU resulted in a $21.7 million increase in assets and liabilities related to our leasing activities, which primarily consists of office leases. Our adoption of ASU 2016-02 did not impact retained earnings or other components of equity as of December 31, 2018.

We account for leases in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”). We determine if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. A lease exists when a contract conveys to the customer the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The definition of a lease embodies two conditions: (1) there is an identified asset in the contract that is land or a depreciable asset (i.e., property, plant, and equipment), and (2) the customer has the right to control the use of the identified asset.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various lease agreements for real estate and equipment related to its exploration, development and production activities that are currently accounted for as operating leases. Operating leases are

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included in Other assets, Accrued liabilities, and Other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The lease liabilities are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date.

Key estimates and judgments include how we determined: (1) the discount rate we use to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value; (2) lease term; and (3) lease payments.

1.
ASC 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. As most of our leases where we are the lessee do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest we would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms.

2.
The lease term for all of our leases includes the non-cancellable period of the lease plus any additional periods covered by either an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that we are reasonably certain to exercise, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease controlled by the lessor.

3.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease asset or liability comprise the following: fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), variable payments that depend on index or rate, and the exercise price of a lessee option to purchase the underlying asset if we are reasonably certain to exercise. Amounts expected to be payable under residual value guarantee are also lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability.

The Right-of-use ("ROU") asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received.

For operating leases, the ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We monitor for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment of a lease. When a reassessment results in the re-measurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the corresponding ROU asset unless doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the ROU asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that would result in a negative ROU asset balance is recorded in profit or loss.

We have lease agreements which include lease and non-lease components. We have elected to combine lease and non-lease components for all lease contracts.

We have elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for all short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. We recognize the lease payments associated with our short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We adopted ASU 2016-02 using a modified retrospective transition approach as of the effective date as permitted by the amendments in ASU 2018-11, which provides an alternative modified retrospective transition method. As a result, we were not required to adjust our comparative period financial information for effects of the standard or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the date of adoption (i.e. January 1, 2019). We have elected to adopt the package of transition practical expedients and, therefore, have not reassessed (1) whether existing or expired contracts contain a lease, (2) lease classification for existing or expired leases or (3) the accounting for initial direct costs that were previously capitalized. We did not elect the practical expedient to use hindsight for leases existing at the adoption date.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenues on the volumes of hydrocarbons sold to a purchaser. The volumes sold may be more or less than the volumes to which we are entitled based on our ownership interest in the property. These differences result in a condition known in the industry as a production imbalance. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that we have an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves on such property. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had no oil and gas imbalances recorded in our consolidated financial statements.


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Our oil and gas revenues are recognized when hydrocarbons have been sold to a purchaser at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred and collection is probable. Certain revenues are based on provisional price contracts which contain an embedded derivative that is required to be separated from the host contract for accounting purposes. The host contract is the receivable from oil sales at the spot price on the date of sale. The embedded derivative, which is not designated as a hedge, is marked to market through oil and gas revenue each period until the final settlement occurs, which generally is limited to the month after the sale.
Oil and gas revenue is composed of the following:

 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Revenues from contract with customer - Equatorial Guinea
$
54,894

 
$
—

 
$
207,173

 
$
—

Revenues from contract with customer - Ghana
173,613

 
215,581

 
502,413

 
557,459

Revenues from contract with customers - U.S. Gulf of Mexico
123,861

 
24,177

 
338,292

 
24,177

Provisional oil sales contracts
4,668

 
3,075

 
1,881

 
3,584

Oil and gas revenue
$
357,036

 
$
242,833

 
$
1,049,759

 
$
585,220



Concentration of Credit Risk

Our revenue can be materially affected by current economic conditions and the price of oil. However, based on the current demand for crude oil and the fact that alternative purchasers are readily available, we believe that the loss of our marketing agent and/or any of the purchasers identified by our marketing agent would not have a long‑term material adverse effect on our financial position or results of international operations. For our U.S. Gulf of Mexico operations, crude oil and natural gas are transported to customers using third-party pipelines. For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, revenue from Phillips 66 Company made up approximately 21% and 6%, respectively, and revenue from Shell Trading (US) Company made up approximately11% and 3%, respectively, of our total consolidated revenue and was included in our U.S. Gulf of Mexico segment. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, revenue from Phillips 66 Company made up approximately 22% and 3%, respectively, and revenue from Shell Trading (US) Company made up approximately 9% and 1%, respectively, of our total consolidated revenue and was included in our U.S. Gulf of Mexico segment.

Recent Accounting Standards

In June 2016, ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," was issued requiring measurement of all expected credit losses for certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This standard is effective January 1, 2020, and we are evaluating its potential impact.

3. Acquisitions and Divestitures
 
2019 Transactions

During the first quarter of 2019, we entered into a petroleum contract covering offshore Marine XXI block with the Republic of the Congo, subject to customary governmental approvals. Upon approval, we will hold an 85% participating interest and will be the operator. The Congolese national oil company, SNPC, has a 15% carried interest during the exploration period. Should a commercial discovery be made, SNPC's 15% carried interest will convert to a participating interest of at least 15%. The petroleum contract covers approximately 2,350 square kilometers, with a first exploration period of four years and includes a work program to acquire and interpret 2,200 square kilometers of 3D seismic. There are two optional exploration phases, each for a period of three years, which are subject to additional work program commitments.

During the first quarter of 2019, Kosmos farmed-in to 18 BP-owned blocks in the Garden Banks area of the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, Kosmos can earn an interest in three BP blocks in other areas of the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Kosmos is the designated operator.

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During the first quarter of 2019, Kosmos executed a farm-in agreement with Chevron covering the right to earn an interest in a deepwater block in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Kosmos has been designated operator.

During the first quarter of 2019, Kosmos participated in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Federal Lease Sale 252 and was awarded nine deepwater blocks. During the third quarter of 2019, Kosmos participated in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Federal Lease Sale 253 and was awarded four deepwater blocks.

In March 2019, we completed an agreement to acquire Ophir's remaining interest in Block EG-24, offshore Equatorial Guinea, which increased our participating interest to 80% and named Kosmos as operator. The Equatorial Guinean national oil company, GEPetrol, has a 20% carried interest during the exploration period. Should a commercial discovery be made, GEPetrol's 20% carried interest will convert to a 20% participating interest.

In May 2019, we entered into a farm-out agreement with Shell Sao Tome and Principe B.V. to farm-out a 20% participating interest in Block 6 and a 30% participating interest in Block 11, offshore Sao Tome and Principe, subject to customary governmental approvals, resulting in our participating interests in Blocks 6 and 11 being 25% and 35%, respectively.

In September 2019, we completed a farm-in agreement with OK Energy to acquire a 45% non-operated interest in the Northern Cape Ultra Deep block offshore the Republic of South Africa. The petroleum contract covers approximately 6,930 square kilometers at water depths ranging from 2,500 to 3,100 meters and has an initial exploration phase of two years.
    
2018 Transactions

In March 2018, as part of our alliance with BP, we entered into petroleum contracts covering Blocks 10 and 13 with the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe and BP. We have a 35% participating interest in the blocks and the operator, BP, holds a 50% participating interest. The national petroleum agency, ANP-STP, has a 15% carried interest in the blocks through exploration. The petroleum contracts cover approximately 13,600 square kilometers, with a first exploration period of four years from the effective date (March 2018). The exploration periods can be extended an additional four years at our election subject to fulfilling specific work obligations. The first exploration period work programs include a 13,500 square kilometer 3D seismic acquisition across the two blocks.

In June 2018, we completed a farm-in agreement with a subsidiary of Ophir for Block EG-24, offshore Equatorial Guinea, whereby we acquired our initial non-operated participating interest of 40%. As part of the agreement, we reimbursed a portion of Ophir's previously incurred exploration costs and agreed to carry Ophir's share of the future costs. The petroleum contract covers approximately 3,500 square kilometers, with a first exploration period of three years from the effective date (March 2018), which can be extended up to four additional years at our election subject to fulfilling specific work obligations. The first exploration period work program includes a 3,000 square kilometer 3D seismic acquisition requirement which was completed in November 2018. The Equatorial Guinean national oil company, GEPetrol, has a 20% carried interest during the exploration period. Should a commercial discovery be made, GEPetrol's 20% carried interest will convert to a 20% participating interest.

In August 2018, we closed a farm-out agreement with Trident, whereby they acquired a 40% participating interest in blocks EG-21, S, and W, offshore Equatorial Guinea, resulting in a $7.7 million gain. After giving effect to the farm-out agreement, we hold a 40% participating interest and are the operator in all three blocks. The Equatorial Guinean national oil company, GEPetrol, has a 20% carried participating interest during the exploration period. Should a commercial discovery be made, GEPetrol's 20% carried participating interest will convert to a 20% participating interest. The petroleum contracts cover approximately 6,000 square kilometers, with a first exploration period of five years from the effective date (March 2018). The first exploration period consists of two sub-periods of three and two years, respectively. The first exploration sub-period work program includes a 6,000 square kilometer 3D seismic acquisition requirement across the three blocks, which was completed in 2018.

In September 2018, we completed the acquisition of DGE, a deepwater company operating in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, from First Reserve Corporation and other shareholders for a total consideration of $1.275 billion, comprised of $952.6 million in cash, $307.9 million in Kosmos common stock, and $14.9 million of transaction related costs. We funded the cash portion of the purchase price using cash on hand and drawings under our existing credit facilities. The DGE acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition.

In October 2018, Kosmos entered into a strategic exploration alliance with Shell to jointly explore in Southern West Africa. Initially the alliance will focus on Namibia where Kosmos has completed a farm-in to Shell's acreage in PEL 39, and Sao Tome and Principe. As part of the alliance, our two companies intend to jointly evaluate opportunities in adjacent geographies. This alliance is consistent with Kosmos’ strategy of partnering with supermajors to leverage complementary skill sets. Shell has deep expertise in carbonate plays, while Kosmos brings significant knowledge of the Cretaceous in West Africa. Furthermore, by

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working with Shell, Kosmos has a partner with the expertise to efficiently move exploration successes through the development stage. 

4. Joint Interest Billings, Related Party Receivables and Notes Receivables
 
Joint Interest Billings

The Company’s joint interest billings generally consist of receivables from partners with interests in common oil and gas properties operated by the Company for shared costs. Joint interest billings are classified on the face of the consolidated balance sheets as current and long-term receivables based on when collection is expected to occur.
 
In 2014, GNPC notified us and our block partners of its request for the contractor group to pay GNPC’s 5% share of the Tweneboa, Enyenra and Ntomme (“TEN”) development costs. The block partners are being reimbursed for such costs plus interest out of a portion of GNPC’s TEN production revenues. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the current portions of the joint interest billing receivables due from GNPC for the TEN fields development costs were $14.0 million and $14.0 million, respectively, and the long-term portions were $17.2 million and $14.0 million, respectively.

Related Party Receivables

The Company's related party receivables consists primarily of receivables from Trident which, until January 2019, we shared a 50% interest in KTIPI. As of December 31, 2018 the balance due from Trident consisted of $5.6 million related to joint interest billings for the exploration blocks and Kosmos' support of KTIPI operations. Subsequent to the unwind of KTIPI, Trident is no longer considered a related party.

Notes Receivables    

In February 2019, Kosmos and BP signed Carry Advance Agreements with the national oil companies of Mauritania and Senegal which obligate us separately to finance the respective national oil company’s share of certain development costs incurred through first gas production for Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Phase 1, currently projected in 2022. Kosmos’ share for the two agreements combined is up to $239.7 million, which is to be repaid with interest through the national oil companies’ share of future revenues. As of September 30, 2019, the balance due from the national oil companies was $19.8 million, which is classified as Long-term receivables in our consolidated balance sheets.


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5. Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment is stated at cost and consisted of the following:
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(In thousands)
Oil and gas properties:
 

 
 

Proved properties
$
4,827,304

 
$
4,236,489

Unproved properties
898,855

 
759,472

Total oil and gas properties
5,726,159

 
4,995,961

Accumulated depletion
(1,945,170
)
 
(1,551,097
)
Oil and gas properties, net
3,780,989


3,444,864

 
 
 
 
Other property
59,515

 
51,987

Accumulated depreciation
(41,468
)
 
(37,150
)
Other property, net
18,047

 
14,837

 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
3,799,036

 
$
3,459,701


 
We recorded depletion expense of $139.1 million and $76.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $394.1 million and $199.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase to oil and gas properties from 2018 to 2019 primarily relates to proportionate consolidation resulting from the unwind of our equity method investment in KTIPI. See Note 7 — Equity Method Investments for additional information. 
 
6. Suspended Well Costs
 
The following table reflects the Company’s capitalized exploratory well costs on drilled wells as of and during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The table excludes $1.4 million in costs that were capitalized and subsequently expensed during the same period.
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
(In thousands)
Beginning balance 
$
367,665

Additions to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved reserves 
55,244

Reclassification due to determination of proved reserves 
(10,711
)
Capitalized exploratory well costs charged to expense 
—

Ending balance 
$
412,198



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The following table provides an aging of capitalized exploratory well costs based on the date drilling was completed and the number of projects for which exploratory well costs have been capitalized for more than one year since the completion of drilling:
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
(In thousands, except well counts)
Exploratory well costs capitalized for a period of one year or less
$
—

 
$
—

Exploratory well costs capitalized for a period of one to two years
77,995

 
299,253

Exploratory well costs capitalized for a period of three years or greater
334,203

 
68,412

Ending balance
$
412,198

 
$
367,665

Number of projects that have exploratory well costs that have been capitalized for a period greater than one year
3

 
3


 
As of September 30, 2019, the projects with exploratory well costs capitalized for more than one year since the completion of drilling are related to the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Unit, which crosses the Mauritania and Senegal maritime border, the Bir Allah discovery (formerly known as the Marsouin discovery) in Block C8 offshore Mauritania, and the Yakaar and Teranga discoveries in the Cayar Offshore Profond block offshore Senegal.
 
Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Unit — In May 2015, we completed the Tortue-1 exploration well in Block C8 offshore Mauritania, which encountered hydrocarbon pay. Three additional wells have been drilled in the unit development area of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim field, Ahmeyim-2 in Mauritania and Guembeul-1 and Greater Tortue Ahmeyim-1 in Senegal. We completed a drill stem test on the Tortue‑1 well in August 2017, which confirmed the production capabilities of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Unit. In December 2018, we made a final investment decision to develop Phase 1 of the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Unit, with first gas production currently estimated in 2022.
 
Bir Allah Discovery — In November 2015, we completed the Marsouin-1 exploration well in the northern part of Block C8 offshore Mauritania, which encountered hydrocarbon pay. Following additional evaluation, a decision regarding commerciality is expected to be made. During the fourth quarter of 2019, we completed the nearby Orca-1 exploration well which encountered hydrocarbon pay. Following additional evaluation, a decision regarding commerciality is expected to be made.
Yakaar and Teranga Discoveries — In May 2016, we completed the Teranga-1 exploration well in the Cayar Offshore Profond block offshore Senegal, which encountered hydrocarbon pay. In June 2017, we completed the Yakaar-1 exploration well in the Cayar Offshore Profond block offshore Senegal, which encountered hydrocarbon pay. In November 2017, an integrated Yakaar-Teranga appraisal plan was submitted to the government of Senegal. In September 2019, we completed the Yakaar-2 appraisal well which encountered hydrocarbon pay. The Yakaar-2 well was drilled approximately nine kilometers from the Yakaar-1 exploration well. Following additional evaluation, a decision regarding commerciality is expected to be made.


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7. Equity Method Investments
Equatorial Guinea

As part of our acquisition of KTIPI in 2017, a corporate joint venture entity in which we owned a 50% interest until January 2019, we acquired an indirect participating interest in Block G offshore Equatorial Guinea. The objective of this transaction was to acquire the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex with the intent to optimize production and increase reserves. Below is a summary of financial information for KTIPI presented on a 100% basis for 2018. The financial information for 2019 is presented as part of our consolidated financial statements based on our direct 40.375% ownership in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex.

 
December 31,
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Assets
 

Total current assets
$
149,950

Property and equipment, net
271,627

Other assets
21

Total assets
$
421,598

 
 
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
Total current liabilities
$
226,311

Total long-term liabilities
536,178

Shareholders' equity:
 
Total shareholders' equity
(340,891
)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$
421,598


 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
(In thousands)
Revenues and other income:
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenue
$
215,408

 
$
600,158

Other income
(72
)
 
44

Total revenues and other income
215,336

 
600,202

 
 
 
 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
Oil and gas production
40,334

 
115,366

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
33,044

 
108,996

Other expenses, net
(58
)
 
(211
)
Total costs and expenses
73,320

 
224,151

 
 
 
 
Income before income taxes
142,016

 
376,051

Income tax expense
50,796

 
134,047

Net income
$
91,220

 
$
242,004

 
 
 
 
Kosmos' share of net income
$
45,610

 
$
121,002

Basis difference amortization(1)
20,769

 
61,365

Equity in earnings - KTIPI
$
24,841

 
$
59,637

______________________________________
(1)
The basis difference, which was associated with oil and gas properties and subject to amortization, has been allocated to the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex. We amortized the basis difference using the unit-of-production method.

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With an effective date of January 1, 2019, our outstanding shares in KTIPI were transferred to Trident in exchange for a 40.375% undivided participating interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex. As a result, our interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex is accounted for under the proportionate consolidation method of accounting going forward. This transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. The carrying value of the equity method investment was allocated to the undivided interest acquired and net working capital based on the estimated relative fair value of the acquired assets.

The estimated fair value measurements of oil and gas assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on inputs that are not observable in the market and therefore represent Level 3 inputs. The fair value of oil and gas properties and asset retirement obligations were measured using the discounted cash flow technique of valuation. Significant inputs to the valuation of oil and gas properties include estimates of: (i) reserves, (ii) future operating and development costs, (iii) future commodity prices, (iv) future plugging and abandonment costs, (v) estimated future cash flows, and (vi) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate.

 
 
Carrying Value Allocation
(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
 
 
Proved oil and gas properties
 
$
372,144

Unproved oil and gas properties
 
103,909

Prepaids and other
 
7,273

Total assets acquired
 
$
483,326

 
 
 
Liabilities assumed:
 
 
Asset retirement obligations
 
$
114,395

Deferred tax liabilities
 
247,636

Accrued liabilities and other
 
69,399

Total liabilities assumed
 
$
431,430

 
 
 
Carrying value:
 
 
Equity method investment carrying value at December 31, 2018
 
$
51,896



8. Debt
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(In thousands)
Outstanding debt principal balances:
 

 
 

Facility
$
1,500,000

 
$
1,325,000

Corporate Revolver
—

 
325,000

Senior Notes
650,000

 
—

Senior Secured Notes
—

 
525,000

Total
2,150,000

 
2,175,000

Unamortized deferred financing costs and discounts(1)
(43,798
)
 
(54,453
)
Long-term debt, net
$
2,106,202

 
$
2,120,547

__________________________________
(1)
Includes $34.4 million and $40.5 million of unamortized deferred financing costs related to the Facility as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively; $9.4 million of unamortized deferred financing costs and discounts related to the Senior Notes as of September 30, 2019; and $14.0 million of unamortized deferred financing costs and discounts related to the Senior Secured Notes as of December 31, 2018, respectively.


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Table of Contents

Facility
 
In February 2018, the Company amended and restated the Facility with a total commitment of $1.5 billion from a number of financial institutions, with additional commitments up to $0.5 billion being available if the existing financial institutions increase their commitments or if commitments from new financial institutions are added. The borrowing base calculation includes value related to the Jubilee, TEN, Ceiba and Okume fields. In March 2019, following the lender's annual redetermination, the available borrowing base under our Facility was limited to the Facility size of $1.7 billion. The Facility supports our oil and gas exploration, appraisal and development programs and corporate activities. As part of the debt refinancing in February 2018, the repayment of borrowings under the existing facility attributable to financial institutions that did not participate in the amended Facility was accounted for as an extinguishment of debt, and $4.1 million of existing unamortized debt issuance costs and deferred interest attributable to those participants was expensed in interest and other financing costs, net in the first quarter of 2018. As of September 30, 2019, we have $34.4 million of unamortized issuance costs related to the Facility, which will be amortized over the remaining term of the Facility. As of September 30, 2019, the undrawn availability under the Facility was $100.0 million. The commitments were reduced by $100.0 million to $1.6 billion following the Senior Notes issuance in April 2019.

The Facility provides a revolving credit and letter of credit facility. The availability period for the revolving credit facility expires one month prior to the final maturity date. The letter of credit facility expires on the final maturity date. The available facility amount is subject to borrowing base constraints and, beginning on March 31, 2022, outstanding borrowings will be constrained by an amortization schedule. The Facility has a final maturity date of March 31, 2025. As of September 30, 2019, we had no letters of credit issued under the Facility.
 
We were in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Facility as of September 30, 2019 (the most recent assessment date). The Facility contains customary cross default provisions.
 
Corporate Revolver
 
In August 2018, we amended and restated the Corporate Revolver from a number of financial institutions, maintaining the borrowing capacity at $400.0 million, extending the maturity date from November 2018 to May 2022 and lowering the margin 100 basis points to 5%. This results in lower commitment fees on the undrawn portion of the total commitments, which is 30% per annum of the respective margin. The Corporate Revolver is available for general corporate purposes and for oil and gas exploration, appraisal and development programs.
 
As of September 30, 2019, the undrawn availability under the Corporate Revolver was $400.0 million. As of September 30, 2019, we have $7.0 million of net deferred financing costs related to the Corporate Revolver, which will be amortized over its remaining term. We were in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Corporate Revolver as of September 30, 2019 (the most recent assessment date). The Corporate Revolver contains customary cross default provisions.
 
Revolving Letter of Credit Facility
 
Our revolving letter of credit facility agreement (“LC Facility”) expired in July 2019, however, as of September 30, 2019, there were six outstanding letters of credit totaling $9.4 million under the LC Facility, which will remain outstanding until the respective letters of credit expire. The LC Facility contains customary cross default provisions.

In 2019, we issued two letters of credit totaling $20.4 million under a new letter of credit arrangement, which does not currently require cash collateral.
 
7.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2021
 
During August 2014, the Company issued $300.0 million of 7.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the "Senior Secured Notes") and received net proceeds of approximately $292.5 million after deducting discounts, commissions and debt issue costs. The Company used the net proceeds to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Facility and for general corporate purposes.
 
During April 2015, we issued an additional $225.0 million of Senior Secured Notes and received net proceeds of $206.8 million after deducting discounts, commissions and other expenses. We used the net proceeds to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Facility and for general corporate purposes. The additional $225.0 million of Senior Secured Notes had identical terms to the initial $300.0 million of Senior Secured Notes, other than the date of issue, the initial price, the first interest payment date and the first date from which interest accrued.
 

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Table of Contents

In April 2019, all of the Senior Secured Notes were redeemed for $543.8 million, including accrued interest and the early redemption premium. The redemption resulted in a $22.9 million loss on extinguishment of debt, which is included in Interest and other financing costs, net on the consolidated statement of operations.
 
7.125% Senior Notes due 2026
In April 2019, the Company issued $650.0 million of 7.125% Senior Notes (the "Senior Notes") and received net proceeds of approximately $640.0 million after deducting commissions and other expenses. We used the net proceeds to redeem all of the Senior Secured Notes, repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Corporate Revolver and pay fees and expenses related to the redemption, repayment and the issuance of the Senior Notes.
The Senior Notes mature on April 4, 2026. We will pay interest in arrears on the Senior Notes each April 4 and October 4, commencing on October 4, 2019. The Senior Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of Kosmos Energy Ltd. and rank equal in right of payment with all of its existing and future senior indebtedness (including all borrowings under the Corporate Revolver) and rank effectively junior in right of payment to all of its existing and future secured indebtedness (including all borrowings under the Facility). The Senior Notes are guaranteed on a senior, unsecured basis by certain subsidiaries owning the Company's Gulf of Mexico assets, and on a subordinated, unsecured basis by certain subsidiaries that guarantee the Facility.
At any time prior to April 4, 2022, and subject to certain conditions, the Company may, on one or more occasions, redeem up to 40% of the original principal amount of the Senior Notes with an amount not to exceed the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 107.1% of the outstanding principal amount of the Senior Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest and premium, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. Additionally, at any time prior to April 4, 2022 the Company may, on any one or more occasions, redeem all or a part of the Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 100%, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, and plus a “make-whole” premium. On or after April 4, 2022, the Company may redeem all or a part of the Senior Notes at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest:

Year
 
Percentage
On or after April 4, 2022, but before April 4, 2023
 
103.6
%
On or after April 4, 2023, but before April 4, 2024
 
101.8
%
On or after April 4, 2024 and thereafter
 
100.0
%


We may also redeem the Senior Notes in whole, but not in part, at any time if changes in tax laws impose certain withholding taxes on amounts payable on the Senior Notes at a price equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes plus accrued interest and additional amounts, if any, as may be necessary so that the net amount received by each holder after any withholding or deduction on payments of the Senior Notes will not be less than the amount such holder would have received if such taxes had not been withheld or deducted.

Upon the occurrence of a change of control triggering event as defined under the Senior Notes indenture, the Company will be required to make an offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at a repurchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of repurchase.
If we sell assets, under certain circumstances outlined in the Senior Notes indenture, we will be required to use the net proceeds to make an offer to purchase the Senior Notes at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
The Senior Notes indenture restricts our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, create liens, pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock, purchase or redeem capital stock, make investments or certain other restricted payments, sell assets, enter into agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make dividends or other payments to us, enter into transactions with affiliates, or effect certain consolidations, mergers or amalgamations. These covenants are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. Certain of these covenants will be terminated if the Senior Notes are assigned an investment grade rating by both Standard & Poor’s Rating Services and Fitch Ratings Inc. and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing.

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Table of Contents

At September 30, 2019, the estimated repayments of debt during the five fiscal year periods and thereafter are as follows:
 
 
Payments Due by Year
 
Total
 
2019(2)
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
(In thousands)
Principal debt repayments(1)
$
2,150,000


$
—


$
—


$
274,800


$
284,200


$
271,600


$
1,319,400

__________________________________
(1)
Includes the scheduled principal maturities for the $650.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes issued in April 2019, and borrowings under the Facility. The scheduled maturities of debt related to the Facility are based on, as of September 30, 2019, our level of borrowings and our estimated future available borrowing base commitment levels in future periods. Any increases or decreases in the level of borrowings or increases or decreases in the available borrowing base would impact the scheduled maturities of debt during the next five years and thereafter.
(2)
Represents payments for the period October 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.

Interest and other financing costs, net
 
Interest and other financing costs, net incurred during the periods is comprised of the following:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Interest expense
$
34,944

 
$
27,317

 
$
111,566

 
$
77,121

Amortization—deferred financing costs
2,285

 
2,346

 
6,974

 
7,069

Loss on extinguishment of debt
—

 
268

 
24,794

 
4,324

Capitalized interest
(7,077
)
 
(7,097
)
 
(21,330
)
 
(21,209
)
Deferred interest
290

 
(194
)
 
1,559

 
(1,284
)
Interest income
(972
)
 
(788
)
 
(2,215
)
 
(2,579
)
Other, net
1,251

 
1,697

 
4,217

 
4,671

Interest and other financing costs, net
$
30,721

 
$
23,549

 
$
125,565

 
$
68,113



9. Derivative Financial Instruments
 
We use financial derivative contracts to manage exposures to commodity price and interest rate fluctuations. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
 
We manage market and counterparty credit risk in accordance with our policies and guidelines. In accordance with these policies and guidelines, our management determines the appropriate timing and extent of derivative transactions. We have included an estimate of non-performance risk in the fair value measurement of our derivative contracts as required by ASC 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.
 

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Table of Contents

Oil Derivative Contracts
 
The following table sets forth the volumes in barrels underlying the Company’s outstanding oil derivative contracts and the weighted average prices per Bbl for those contracts as of September 30, 2019. Volumes and weighted average prices are net of any offsetting derivative contracts entered into.
 

 

 
 
 

Weighted Average Price per Bbl
 

 

 
 
 

Net Deferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

Premium

 

 

 

 

Term

Type of Contract

Index
 
MBbl

Payable/(Receivable)

Swap

Sold Put

Floor

Ceiling

2019:
 
 

 
 
 


 


 


 


 


 


Oct — Dec
 
Three-way collars

Dated Brent
 
2,628


$
1.17


$
—


$
43.81


$
53.33


$
73.57


Oct — Dec
 
Sold calls(1)

Dated Brent
 
230


—


—


—


—


80.00


Oct — Dec

Swaps

NYMEX WTI

265


—


51.61


—


—


—


Oct — Dec

Collars

Argus LLS

250


—


—


—


60.00


88.75


2020:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jan — Dec

Three-way collars

Dated Brent

6,000


$
0.45


$
—


$
45.00


$
57.50


$
80.18


Jan — Dec
 
Swaps with sold puts
 
Dated Brent
 
2,000

 
—

 
60.53

 
48.75

 
—

 
—

 
Jan — Dec

Put spread

Dated Brent

2,000


2.59


—


50.00


60.00


—

 
Jan — Dec
 
Sold calls(1)(2)
 
Dated Brent
 
8,000

 
1.17

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
85.00

 
2021:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jan — Dec

Sold calls(1)

Dated Brent

1,000


$
—


$
—


$
—


$
—


$
75.00

 
__________________________________
(1)
Represents call option contracts sold to counterparties to enhance other derivative positions.
(2)
Deferred premium payable to be paid October 1, 2019 — December 31, 2019.

In October 2019, we entered into put option contracts for 2.0 MMBbls from January 2020 through December 2020 with a floor price of $57.50 per barrel and a sold put price of $50.00 per barrel. In addition, we sold 3.0 MMBbl of calls from January 2021 through December 2021 with an average strike price of $71.67 per barrel. The contracts are indexed to Dated Brent prices.

The following tables disclose the Company’s derivative instruments as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and gain/(loss) from derivatives during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
 
 
 
Asset (Liability)
Type of Contract 
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity(1)
 
Derivatives assets—current
 
$
22,067

 
$
38,785

Commodity(2)
 
Derivatives assets—long-term
 
10,535

 
14,312

Derivative liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity(3)
 
Derivatives liabilities—current
 
(8,461
)
 
(12,172
)
Commodity(4)
 
Derivatives liabilities—long-term
 
(2,699
)
 
(10,181
)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
$
21,442

 
$
30,744

__________________________________
(1)
Includes zero and $0.4 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively which represents our provisional oil sales contract. Also, includes net deferred premiums payable of $4.1 million and $1.6 million related to commodity derivative contracts as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(2)
Includes net deferred premiums payable of $2.6 million and $1.3 million related to commodity derivative contracts as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

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Table of Contents

(3)
Includes net deferred premiums payable of $6.5 million and $18.0 million related to commodity derivative contracts as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(4)
Includes net deferred premiums payable of zero and $0.5 million related to commodity derivative contracts as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
 
 
 
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss)
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss)
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
Type of Contract
 
Location of Gain/(Loss)
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
(In thousands)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commodity(1)
 
Oil and gas revenue
 
$
4,667

 
$
3,075

 
$
1,881

 
$
3,584

Commodity
 
Derivatives, net
 
27,016

 
(57,357
)
 
(35,884
)
 
(236,107
)
Interest rate
 
Interest expense
 
—

 
15

 
—

 
466

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
$
31,683

 
$
(54,267
)
 
$
(34,003
)
 
$
(232,057
)
__________________________________
(1)
Amounts represent the change in fair value of our provisional oil sales contracts.
Offsetting of Derivative Assets and Derivative Liabilities
 
Our derivative instruments which are subject to master netting arrangements with our counterparties only have the right of offset when there is an event of default. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was not an event of default and, therefore, the associated gross asset or gross liability amounts related to these arrangements are presented on the consolidated balance sheets.

10. Fair Value Measurements
 
In accordance with ASC Topic 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, fair value measurements are based upon inputs that market participants use in pricing an asset or liability, which are classified into two categories: observable inputs and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs represent market data obtained from independent sources, whereas unobservable inputs reflect a company’s own market assumptions, which are used if observable inputs are not reasonably available without undue cost and effort. We prioritize the inputs used in measuring fair value into the following fair value hierarchy:
 
•
Level 1 — quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
•
Level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
•
Level 3 — unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. The fair value input hierarchy level to which an asset or liability measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the measurement in its entirety.


26
Table of Contents

The following tables present the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, for each fair value hierarchy level:
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using:
 
Quoted Prices in
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Active Markets for
 
Significant Other
 
Significant
 
 
 
Identical Assets
 
Observable Inputs
 
Unobservable Inputs
 
 
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
September 30, 2019
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Assets:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commodity derivatives
$
—

 
$
32,602

 
$
—

 
$
32,602

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity derivatives
—

 
(11,160
)
 
—

 
(11,160
)
Total
$
—

 
$
21,442

 
$
—

 
$
21,442

December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity derivatives
$
—

 
$
53,097

 
$
—

 
$
53,097

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity derivatives
—

 
(22,353
)
 
—

 
(22,353
)
Total
$
—

 
$
30,744

 
$
—

 
$
30,744


 
The book values of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash approximate fair value based on Level 1 inputs. Joint interest billings, oil sales and other receivables, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Our long-term receivables, after any allowances for doubtful accounts, and other long-term assets approximate fair value. The estimates of fair value of these items are based on Level 2 inputs.
 
Commodity Derivatives
 
Our commodity derivatives represent crude oil collars, put options, call options and swaps for notional barrels of oil at fixed Dated Brent, NYMEX WTI or Argus LLS oil prices. The values attributable to our oil derivatives are based on (i) the contracted notional volumes, (ii) independent active futures price quotes for the respective index, (iii) a credit-adjusted yield curve applicable to each counterparty by reference to the credit default swap (“CDS”) market and (iv) an independently sourced estimate of volatility for respective index. The volatility estimate was provided by certain independent brokers who are active in buying and selling oil options and was corroborated by market-quoted volatility factors. The deferred premium is included in the fair market value of the commodity derivatives. See Note 9 — Derivative Financial Instruments for additional information regarding the Company’s derivative instruments.
 
Provisional Oil Sales
 
The value attributable to provisional oil sales derivatives is based on (i) the sales volumes and (ii) the difference in the independent active futures price quotes for the respective index over the term of the pricing period designated in the sales contract and the spot price on the lifting date.
 

27
Table of Contents

Debt
 
The following table presents the carrying values and fair values at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
(In thousands)
Senior Notes
$
642,318

 
$
670,514

 
$
—

 
$
—

Senior Secured Notes
—

 
—

 
511,873

 
525,026

Corporate Revolver
—

 
—

 
325,000

 
325,000

Facility
1,500,000

 
1,500,000

 
1,325,000

 
1,325,000

Total
$
2,142,318

 
$
2,170,514

 
$
2,161,873

 
$
2,175,026


 
The carrying value of our Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes represents the principal amounts outstanding less unamortized discounts. The fair value of our Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes is based on quoted market prices, which results in a Level 1 fair value measurement. The carrying value of the Facility approximates fair value since it is subject to short-term floating interest rates that approximate the rates available to us for those periods.
 
11. Equity-based Compensation
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
We record equity-based compensation expense equal to the fair value of share-based payments over the vesting periods of the Long Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) awards. We recorded compensation expense from awards granted under our LTIP of $9.5 million and $8.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $27.4 million and $26.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total tax benefit for the three months ended was $3.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, and $5.9 million and $5.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Additionally, we recorded a net tax shortfall (windfall) related to equity-based compensation of nil and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1.2 million and $(0.3) million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The fair value of awards vested during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $0.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively, and $14.7 million and $83.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company granted restricted stock units with service vesting criteria and a combination of market and service vesting criteria under the LTIP. Substantially all these grants vest over three years. Upon vesting, restricted stock units become issued and outstanding stock.
 
The following table reflects the outstanding restricted stock units as of September 30, 2019:
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
Market / Service
 
Weighted-
 
Service Vesting
 
Average
 
Vesting
 
Average
 
Restricted Stock
 
Grant-Date
 
Restricted Stock
 
Grant-Date
 
Units
 
Fair Value
 
Units
 
Fair Value
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
4,115

 
$
6.42

 
6,716

 
$
9.02

Granted(1)
3,096

 
4.96

 
3,160

 
6.02

Forfeited(1)
(134
)
 
6.11

 
(295
)
 
9.87

Vested
(1,999
)
 
5.92

 
(1,300
)
 
6.32

Outstanding at September 30, 2019
5,078

 
5.73

 
8,281

 
8.39


__________________________________
(1)
The restricted stock units with a combination of market and service vesting criteria may vest between 0% and 200% of the originally granted units depending upon market performance conditions. Awards vesting over or under target shares of 100% results in additional shares granted or forfeited, respectively, in the period the market vesting criteria is determined.

28
Table of Contents

 
As of September 30, 2019, total equity-based compensation to be recognized on unvested restricted stock units is $38.3 million over a weighted average period of 1.97 years. In March 2018, the board of directors approved an amendment to the LTIP to add 11.0 million shares to the plan, which was approved by our stockholders at the Annual General Meeting in June 2018. The LTIP provides for the issuance of 50.5 million shares pursuant to awards under the plan. At September 30, 2019, the Company had approximately 9.8 million shares that remain available for issuance under the LTIP.
 
For restricted stock units with a combination of market and service vesting criteria, the number of common shares to be issued is determined by comparing the Company’s total shareholder return with the total shareholder return of a predetermined group of peer companies over the performance period and can vest in up to 200% of the awards granted. The grant date fair value ranged from $4.83 to $12.96 per award. The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the award grant and calculates the fair value of the award. The expected volatility utilized in the model was estimated using our historical volatility and the historical volatilities of our peer companies and ranged from 44.0% to 52.0%. The risk-free interest rate was based on the U.S. treasury rate for a term commensurate with the expected life of the grant and ranged from 0.8% to 2.5%.
  
12. Income Taxes

We provide for income taxes based on the laws and rates in effect in the countries in which our operations are conducted. The relationship between our pre‑tax income or loss from continuing operations and our income tax expense or benefit varies from period to period as a result of various factors, which include changes in total pre‑tax income or loss, the jurisdictions in which our income (loss) is earned, and the tax laws in those jurisdictions. We evaluate our estimated annual effective income tax rate each quarter, based on current and forecasted business results and enacted tax laws, and apply this tax rate to our ordinary income or loss to calculate our estimated tax expense or benefit. The Company excludes zero tax rate and tax-exempt jurisdictions from our evaluation of the estimated annual effective income tax rate. The tax effect of discrete items are recognized in the period in which they occur at the applicable statutory tax rate. The company was not subject to taxation at the parent company level for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.
For 2019, the income tax provision consists of United States, Ghanaian, and Equatorial Guinean income taxes, and Texas margin taxes. For 2018, results from operations in Equatorial Guinea were reported net of tax, as Gain on equity method investments, net in our consolidated statement of operations, and were not included in our 2018 income tax provision. Our operations in other foreign jurisdictions have a 0% effective tax rate because they reside in countries with a 0% statutory rate or we have incurred losses in those countries and have full valuation allowances against the corresponding net deferred tax assets.
 
Income (loss) before income taxes is composed of the following:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
United States
$
3,464

 
$
(53,136
)
 
$
(70,776
)
 
$
(49,967
)
Bermuda
—

 
(15,513
)
 
—

 
(47,474
)
Foreign—other
36,071

 
(46,044
)
 
98,170

 
(240,444
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
$
39,535

 
$
(114,693
)
 
$
27,394

 
$
(337,885
)

 
For the three months ended, September 30, 2019, and 2018, our effective tax rate was 59% and 10%, respectively. For the nine months ended, September 30, 2019, and 2018, our effective tax rate was 173% and 17%, respectively.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by the difference in our 21% U.S. income tax reporting rate and the 35% statutory tax rates applicable to our Ghanaian and Equatorial Guinean operations, non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S., Ghanaian, and Equatorial Guinean operations, and other losses and expenses, primarily related to exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such losses or expenses.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S. and Ghanaian operations and other losses and expenses, primarily related to

29
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exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such losses or expenses.
 
The Company files income tax returns in all jurisdictions where such requirements exist, however, our primary tax jurisdictions are the United States, Ghana and Equatorial Guinea. The Company is open to tax examinations in the United States, for federal income tax return years 2016 through 2018, in Ghana to federal income tax return years 2014 through 2018, and in Equatorial Guinea to federal income tax return year2018.
 
As of September 30, 2019, the Company had no material uncertain tax positions. The Company’s policy is to recognize potential interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
 
13. Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 
The following table is a reconciliation between net income (loss) and the amounts used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share and the weighted average shares outstanding used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
Numerator:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income (loss) allocable to common stockholders
$
16,065

 
$
(126,057
)
 
$
(20,004
)
 
$
(279,556
)
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
401,466

 
404,536

 
401,319

 
399,026

Restricted stock units(1)
9,526

 
—

 
—

 
—

Diluted
410,992

 
404,536

 
401,319

 
399,026

Net income (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.04

 
$
(0.31
)
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.70
)
Diluted
$
0.04

 
$
(0.31
)
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.70
)
__________________________________
(1)
We excluded outstanding restricted stock awards and units of 0.7 million and 13.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 15.4 million and 14.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, from the computations of diluted net income (loss) per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.  

14. Commitments and Contingencies
 
From time to time, we are involved in litigation, regulatory examinations and administrative proceedings primarily arising in the ordinary course of our business in jurisdictions in which we do business. Although the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes none of these matters, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a material effect upon the Company’s financial position; however, an unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on our results from operations for a specific interim period or year.
 
We currently have a commitment to drill one exploration well in each of Sao Tome and Principe and Namibia and two exploration wells in Mauritania. In Sao Tome and Principe, we also have 3D seismic acquisition requirements of approximately 13,500 square kilometers. In South Africa we have 2D seismic acquisition requirements of approximately 500 line kilometers.

Leases

We have commitments under operating leases primarily related to office leases. Our leases have initial lease terms ranging from one year to ten years. Certain lease agreements contain provisions for future rent increases.


30
Table of Contents

The components of lease cost for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are as follows:

 
Three months ended September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Operating lease cost
$
1,279

 
$
4,288

 
Short-term lease cost
960

 
1,547

 
Total lease cost
$
2,239

 
$
5,835

 

    
Other information related to operating leases at September 30, 2019, is as follows:

 
September 30, 2019
 
(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
 
 
Balance sheet classifications
 
 
Other assets (right-of-use assets)
$
20,436

 
Accrued liabilities (current maturities of leases)
1,294

 
Other long-term liabilities (non-current maturities of leases)
22,480

 
 
 
 
Weighted average remaining lease term
9.1 years

 
 
 
 
Weighted average discount rate
9.8
%
 


The table below presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:

 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$
3,077

 


Future minimum rental commitments under our leases at September 30, 2019, are as follows:
 
Operating Leases(1)
 
 
(In thousands)
 
2019(2)
$
483

 
2020
4,098

 
2021
4,148

 
2022
4,199

 
2023
4,249

 
Thereafter
19,480

 
Total undiscounted lease payments
$
36,657

 
Less: Imputed interest
(12,883
)
 
Total lease liabilities
$
23,774

 
__________________________________
(1)
Does not include purchase commitments for jointly owned fields and facilities where we are not the operator and excludes commitments for exploration activities, including well commitments, in our petroleum contracts.
(2)
Represents payments for the period from October 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.


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Table of Contents

Performance Obligations

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had performance bonds totaling $208.7 million and $200.9 million, respectively, for our supplemental bonding requirements stipulated by the BOEM and $3.7 million and $3.7 million, respectively, to another operator related to costs anticipated for the plugging and abandonment of certain wells and the removal of certain facilities in our U.S. Gulf of Mexico fields. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had zero and $0.6 million, respectively, of cash collateral against these secured performance bonds which is classified as Other long term assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

Dividends

On November 1, 2019, we declared our quarterly cash dividend of $0.0452 per common share for the fourth quarter payable on December 23, 2019 to stockholders of record as of December 2, 2019.

15. Additional Financial Information
 
Accrued Liabilities
 
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
December 31,
2018
 
(In thousands)
Accrued liabilities:
 

 
 

Exploration, development and production
$
114,833

 
$
92,613

Revenue payable
33,721

 
24,379

Current asset retirement obligations
5,844

 
6,617

Operating leases
1,294

 
—

General and administrative expenses
31,913

 
39,373

Interest
27,913

 
18,152

Income taxes
69,938

 
8,958

Taxes other than income
2,060

 
4,613

Derivatives
2,975

 
441

Other
1,928

 
450

 
$
292,419

 
$
195,596




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Table of Contents

Asset Retirement Obligations
 
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company's asset retirement obligations:
 
 
September 30,
2019
 
(In thousands)
Asset retirement obligations:
 

Beginning asset retirement obligations
$
151,953

Additions associated with Equatorial Guinea - Ceiba Field and Okume Complex
114,395

Liabilities incurred during period
9,706

Liabilities settled during period
(4,384
)
Revisions in estimated retirement obligations
905

Accretion expense
17,795

Ending asset retirement obligations
$
290,370



With an effective date of January 1, 2019, our outstanding shares in KTIPI were transferred to Trident in exchange for a 40.375% undivided interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex. As a result, our interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex going forward is accounted for under the proportionate consolidation method of accounting, which includes additions to our asset retirement obligations.
 
Facilities Insurance Modifications, Net
 
Facilities insurance modifications, net consists of costs associated with the long-term solution to convert the Jubilee FPSO to a permanently spread moored facility, net of related insurance reimbursements. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred approximately $12.6 million and $12.3 million, respectively in expenditures with no offsetting insurance recoveries. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we incurred approximately $34.8 million and $31.5 million, respectively in expenditures offset by approximately $40.0 million and $9.7 million, respectively in insurance recoveries.
 
Other Expenses, Net
 
Other expenses, net incurred during the period is comprised of the following:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
(Gain) loss on disposal of inventory
$
1,232

 
$
(2
)
 
$
1,419

 
$
(26
)
(Gain) loss on ARO liability settlements
(746
)
 
—

 
1,167

 
—

Disputed charges and related costs, net of recoveries
1,677

 
(12,682
)
 
1,663

 
(9,721
)
Other, net
9,309

 
(123
)
 
7,549

 
1,583

Other expenses, net
$
11,472

 
$
(12,807
)
 
$
11,798

 
$
(8,164
)

 
The disputed charges and related costs, net of recoveries arise from the final award issued by the International Chamber of Commerce ("ICC") in favor of Kosmos in its arbitration against Tullow Ghana Limited, related to expenditures arising from Tullow's contract with Seadrill for use of the West Leo drilling rig. Other, net is primarily related to an $8.7 million indirect tax settlement with tax authorities in Senegal.
 

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Table of Contents

16. Business Segment Information
Kosmos is engaged in a single line of business, which is the exploration, development and production of oil and gas. At September 30, 2019, substantially all of our long-lived assets and all of our product sales are related to operations in four geographic reporting segments: Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Mauritania/Senegal and the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In addition, we have exploration activities in other countries in the Atlantic Margins. To assess performance of the reporting segments, the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") reviews capital expenditures. Capital expenditures, as defined by the Company, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and should be considered in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Financial information for each area is presented below:
 
Ghana
 
Equatorial Guinea
 
Mauritania/Senegal
 
U.S. Gulf of Mexico
 
Corporate & Other
 
Eliminations
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues and other income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenue
$
177,797

 
$
55,378

 
$
—

 
$
123,861

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
357,036

Other income, net
1

 
—

 
—

 
200

 
5,706

 
(5,973
)
 
(66
)
Total revenues and other income
177,798

 
55,378

 
—

 
124,061

 
5,706

 
(5,973
)
 
356,970

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production
42,017

 
21,369

 
—

 
32,154

 
—

 
—

 
95,540

Facilities insurance modifications, net
12,569

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
12,569

Exploration expenses
82

 
2,437

 
1,260

 
10,625

 
8,369

 
—

 
22,773

General and administrative
3,886

 
1,719

 
2,678

 
7,002

 
38,897

 
(29,459
)
 
24,723

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
73,347

 
16,019

 
15

 
56,359

 
913

 
—

 
146,653

Interest and other financing costs, net(1)
16,821

 
—

 
(6,703
)
 
5,083

 
17,304

 
(1,784
)
 
30,721

Derivatives, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,745
)
 
(25,271
)
 
—

 
(27,016
)
Other expenses, net
(25,357
)
 
615

 
9,141

 
550

 
1,253

 
25,270

 
11,472

Total costs and expenses
123,365

 
42,159

 
6,391

 
110,028

 
41,465

 
(5,973
)
 
317,435

Income (loss) before income taxes
54,433

 
13,219

 
(6,391
)
 
14,033

 
(35,759
)
 
—

 
39,535

Income tax expense (benefit)
10,585

 
6,110

 
—

 
2,942

 
3,833

 
—

 
23,470

Net income (loss)
$
43,848

 
$
7,109

 
$
(6,391
)
 
$
11,091

 
$
(39,592
)
 
$
—

 
$
16,065

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated capital expenditures
$
28,398

 
$
15,397

 
$
842

 
$
49,629

 
$
13,127

 
$
—

 
$
107,393


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Table of Contents

 
Ghana
 
Equatorial Guinea
 
Mauritania/Senegal
 
U.S. Gulf of Mexico
 
Corporate & Other
 
Eliminations
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues and other income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenue
$
502,800

 
$
208,667

 
$
—

 
$
338,292

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
1,049,759

Other income, net
2

 
—

 
—

 
459

 
97,594

 
(98,120
)
 
(65
)
Total revenues and other income
502,802

 
208,667

 
—

 
338,751

 
97,594

 
(98,120
)
 
1,049,694

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
—

 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production
117,027

 
60,645

 
—

 
88,644

 
—

 
—

 
266,316

Facilities insurance modifications, net
(5,174
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5,174
)
Exploration expenses
189

 
8,080

 
9,745

 
32,834

 
32,174

 
—

 
83,022

General and administrative
15,844

 
5,303

 
6,505

 
19,288

 
127,416

 
(85,653
)
 
88,703

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
204,108

 
55,323

 
46

 
153,768

 
2,941

 
—

 
416,186

Interest and other financing costs, net(1)
56,500

 
—

 
(20,020
)
 
16,654

 
77,782

 
(5,351
)
 
125,565

Derivatives, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
28,768

 
7,116

 
—

 
35,884

Other expenses, net
6,761

 
(1,629
)
 
9,783

 
2,695

 
1,304

 
(7,116
)
 
11,798

Total costs and expenses
395,255

 
127,722

 
6,059

 
342,651

 
248,733

 
(98,120
)
 
1,022,300

Income (loss) before income taxes
107,547

 
80,945

 
(6,059
)
 
(3,900
)
 
(151,139
)
 
—

 
27,394

Income tax expense (benefit)
30,285

 
33,403

 
—

 
(824
)
 
(15,466
)
 
—

 
47,398

Net income (loss)
$
77,262

 
$
47,542

 
$
(6,059
)
 
$
(3,076
)
 
$
(135,673
)
 
$
—

 
$
(20,004
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated capital expenditures
$
96,861

 
$
36,448

 
$
7,132

 
$
136,688

 
$
41,177

 
$
—

 
$
318,306

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
1,603,170

 
$
460,044

 
$
428,596

 
$
1,263,945

 
$
43,281

 
$
—

 
$
3,799,036

Total assets
$
1,844,328

 
$
489,564

 
$
568,743

 
$
3,309,044

 
$
12,078,321

 
$
(13,821,741
)
 
$
4,468,259

______________________________________
(1)
Interest expense is recorded based on actual third-party and intercompany debt agreements. Capitalized interest is recorded on the business unit where the assets reside.


35
Table of Contents


 
Ghana
 
Equatorial Guinea(1)
 
Mauritania/Senegal
 
U.S. Gulf of Mexico(2)
 
Corporate & Other
 
Eliminations(3)
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues and other income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenue
$
218,656

 
$
107,704

 
$
—

 
$
24,177

 
$
—

 
$
(107,704
)
 
$
242,833

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
7,666

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
7,666

Other income, net
—

 
(317
)
 
—

 
—

 
78,166

 
(78,129
)
 
(280
)
Total revenues and other income
218,656

 
115,053

 
—

 
24,177

 
78,166

 
(185,833
)
 
250,219

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production
49,280

 
20,167

 
—

 
4,467

 
1,331

 
(20,167
)
 
55,078

Facilities insurance modifications, net
12,334

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
12,334

Exploration expenses
57,818

 
16,584

 
1,203

 
50,176

 
22,457

 
—

 
148,238

General and administrative
5,786

 
1,761

 
1,396

 
4,026

 
42,072

 
(29,078
)
 
25,963

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
70,799

 
37,291

 
15

 
8,190

 
1,037

 
(37,291
)
 
80,041

Interest and other financing costs, net(4)
21,989

 
(4
)
 
(6,441
)
 
2,085

 
7,704

 
(1,784
)
 
23,549

Derivatives, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
10,082

 
47,275

 
—

 
57,357

(Gain) loss on equity method investments, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(24,841
)
 
(24,841
)
Other expenses, net
34,610

 
(976
)
 
(13
)
 
—

 
846

 
(47,274
)
 
(12,807
)
Total costs and expenses
252,616

 
74,823

 
(3,840
)
 
79,026

 
122,722

 
(160,435
)
 
364,912

Income (loss) before income taxes
(33,960
)
 
40,230

 
3,840

 
(54,849
)
 
(44,556
)
 
(25,398
)
 
(114,693
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
21,862

 
25,398

 
—

 
(12,324
)
 
1,826

 
(25,398
)
 
11,364

Net income (loss)
$
(55,822
)
 
$
14,832

 
$
3,840

 
$
(42,525
)
 
$
(46,382
)
 
$
—

 
$
(126,057
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated capital expenditures
$
32,501

 
$
2,913

 
$
3,319

 
$
52,488

 
$
17,970

 
$
—

 
$
109,191

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

36
Table of Contents

 
Ghana
 
Equatorial Guinea(1)
 
Mauritania/Senegal
 
U.S. Gulf of Mexico(2)
 
Corporate & Other
 
Eliminations(3)
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
Nine months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues and other income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas revenue
$
561,043

 
$
300,079

 
$
—

 
$
24,177

 
$
—

 
$
(300,079
)
 
$
585,220

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
7,666

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
7,666

Other income, net
(17
)
 
22

 
—

 
—

 
315,771

 
(315,793
)
 
(17
)
Total revenues and other income
561,026

 
307,767

 
—

 
24,177

 
315,771

 
(615,872
)
 
592,869

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production
143,860

 
57,683

 
—

 
4,467

 
3,334

 
(57,683
)
 
151,661

Facilities insurance modifications, net
21,812

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
21,812

Exploration expenses
58,076

 
33,665

 
6,603

 
50,176

 
98,392

 
—

 
246,912

General and administrative
15,651

 
3,768

 
3,628

 
4,026

 
122,558

 
(84,288
)
 
65,343

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
197,260

 
115,862

 
46

 
8,190

 
3,111

 
(115,862
)
 
208,607

Interest and other financing costs, net(4)
65,357

 
(9
)
 
(18,704
)
 
2,085

 
24,735

 
(5,351
)
 
68,113

Derivatives, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
10,082

 
226,025

 
—

 
236,107

(Gain) loss on equity method investments, net
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(59,637
)
 
(59,637
)
Other expenses, net
216,319

 
(1,138
)
 
(13
)
 
—

 
2,695

 
(226,027
)
 
(8,164
)
Total costs and expenses
718,335

 
209,831

 
(8,440
)
 
79,026

 
480,850

 
(548,848
)
 
930,754

Income (loss) before income taxes
(157,309
)
 
97,936

 
8,440

 
(54,849
)
 
(165,079
)
 
(67,024
)
 
(337,885
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(49,148
)
 
67,024

 
—

 
(12,324
)
 
3,143

 
(67,024
)
 
(58,329
)
Net income (loss)
$
(108,161
)
 
$
30,912

 
$
8,440

 
$
(42,525
)
 
$
(168,222
)
 
$
—

 
$
(279,556
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated capital expenditures
$
71,330

 
$
27,891

 
$
9,633

 
$
52,488

 
$
102,651

 
$
—

 
$
263,993

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, net
$
1,727,595

 
$
3,801

 
$
403,111

 
$
1,340,479

 
$
34,551

 
$
—

 
$
3,509,537

Total assets
$
2,073,825

 
$
145,823

 
$
465,352

 
$
3,473,501

 
$
10,660,832

 
$
(12,489,869
)
 
$
4,329,464

______________________________________
(1)
Includes our proportionate share of our equity method investment in KTIPI, including our basis difference which is reflected in depletion, depreciation and amortization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, except for capital expenditures. See Note 7 - Equity Method Investments for additional information regarding our equity method investments.
(2)
No activity prior to September 14, 2018, the DGE acquisition date.
(3)
Includes elimination of proportionate consolidation amounts recorded for KTIPI to reconcile to (Gain) loss on equity method investments, net as reported in the consolidated statements of operations.
(4)
Interest expense is recorded based on actual third-party and intercompany debt agreements. Capitalized interest is recorded on the business unit where the assets reside.

37
Table of Contents

 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Consolidated capital expenditures:
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Investing activities:
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas assets
$
240,642

 
$
149,305

 
Other property
8,291

 
3,560

 
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
Changes in capital accruals
11,083

 
13,965

 
Exploration expense, excluding unsuccessful well costs(1)
75,661

 
131,964

 
Capitalized interest
(21,330
)
 
(21,209
)
 
Proceeds on sale of assets
—

 
(13,703
)
 
Other
3,959

 
111

 
Total consolidated capital expenditures
$
318,306

 
$
263,993

 
______________________________________
(1)
Unsuccessful well costs are included in oil and gas assets when incurred.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained herein and our annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in our annual report on Form 10-K along with the section Management’s Discussion and Analysis of financial condition and Results of Operations contained in such annual report. Any terms used but not defined in the following discussion have the same meaning given to them in the annual report. Our discussion and analysis includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and should be read in conjunction with “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of this report and in the annual report, along with “Forward-Looking Information” at the end of this section for information about the risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to be materially different than our forward-looking statements.
 
Overview
 
We are a full-cycle deepwater independent oil and gas exploration and production company focused along the Atlantic Margins. Our key assets include production offshore Ghana, Equatorial Guinea and U.S. Gulf of Mexico, as well as a world-class gas development offshore Mauritania and Senegal. We also maintain a sustainable exploration program balanced between proven basin infrastructure-led exploration (Equatorial Guinea and U.S. Gulf of Mexico), emerging basins (Mauritania, Senegal and Suriname) and frontier basins (Cote d'Ivoire, Namibia, Sao Tome and Principe, and South Africa).
 
Recent Developments
    
Ghana
 
Jubilee
 
During the third quarter of 2019, Jubilee production averaged approximately 90,300 Bopd (gross). Oil production rates remain constrained by gas handling capacity. Work to enhance gas handling capacity has been deferred by the operator to Q1 2020.
Tweneboa, Enyenra and Ntomme ("TEN")
During the third quarter of 2019, TEN production averaged approximately 66,000 Bopd (gross).

U.S. Gulf of Mexico

Production from the U.S. Gulf of Mexico averaged approximately 25,800 Boepd (net) for the third quarter of 2019.

In the second quarter of 2019, we announced the Gladden Deep exploration well located in Mississippi Canyon Block 800 (20.0% working interest) made an oil discovery. Gladden Deep is a subsea tieback that was brought online in September 2019 through the existing Gladden pipeline to the Medusa SPAR.

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In August 2019, we entered into a letter of intent for a cross assignment of our interest in Mississippi Canyon Block 728 with Hess Corporation on their interest in an adjacent block, Mississippi Canyon Block 684, after which Kosmos will have a 40% interest in the two blocks, and Hess Corporation having a 60% interest.

In September 2019, we spud the Resolution prospect, located in Garden Banks Block 492 (50% working interest). We expect well results during the fourth quarter.

In October 2019, we drilled the Moneypenny prospect which was unsuccessful. The well was designed as an inexpensive exploration tail of an Odd Job development well.

During the third quarter of 2019, Kosmos participated in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Federal Lease Sale 253 and was ultimately awarded four additional deepwater blocks.

Equatorial Guinea
    
Production in Equatorial Guinea averaged approximately 36,400 Bopd gross in the third quarter of 2019. Our ESP program is supporting field production with four ESPs completed during the first three quarters of 2019. We completed one more ESP conversion early in the fourth quarter of 2019.

In October 2019, the S-5 exploration well was drilled to a total depth of 4,400 meters offshore Equatorial Guinea, encountering 39 meters of net oil pay in high-quality Santonian reservoir. The well is located within tieback range of the Ceiba FPSO and work is currently ongoing to establish the scale of the discovered resource and evaluate the optimum development solution.

Mauritania and Senegal

Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Unit

In July 2019, we announced the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim-1 (GTA-1) appraisal well was drilled on the eastern anticline within the unit development area of Greater Tortue Ahmeyim field. The GTA-1 well encountered approximately 30 meters of net gas pay in high quality Albian reservoir. The well was drilled in approximately 2,500 meters of water, approximately 10 kilometers inboard of the Guembeul-1A and Tortue-1 wells, to a total depth of 4,884 meters.
    
Yakaar / Teranga
    
In September 2019, we announced the Yakaar-2 appraisal well was drilled approximately nine kilometers from the Yakaar-1 exploration well and further delineated the southern extension of the field. The Yakaar-2 well encountered approximately 30 meters of net gas pay in similar high-quality Cenomanian reservoir to the Yakaar-1 exploration well. The Yakaar-2 well was drilled in approximately 2,500 meters of water to a total depth of approximately 4,800 meters.

Bir Allah / Orca

In October 2019, we announced the Orca-1 exploration well, located in Block C-8 offshore Mauritania, made a major gas discovery. The Orca-1 well, which targeted a previously untested Albian play, encountered 36 meters of net gas pay in excellent quality reservoirs. In addition, the well extended the Cenomanian play fairway by confirming 11 meters of net gas pay in a down-structure position relative to the original Marsouin-1 discovery well. The location of the Orca-1 proved the structural and stratigraphic trap. The Orca-1 well was drilled in approximately 2,510 meters of water to a total measured depth of around 5,266 meters.

Republic of the Congo

In March 2019, we entered into a petroleum contract covering the offshore Marine XXI block with the Republic of the Congo, subject to customary governmental approvals. Upon approval, we will hold an 85% participating interest and are the operator. The Congolese national oil company, SPNC, has a 15% carried participating interest during the exploration period. Should a commercial discovery be made, SNPC's 15% carried interest will convert to a participating interest of at least 15%. The petroleum contract covers approximately 2,350 square kilometers, with a first exploration period of four years and includes a work program to acquire and interpret 2,200 square kilometers of 3D seismic. There are two optional exploration phases, each for a period of three years, which are subject to additional work program commitments.

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Sao Tome and Principe

In July 2019, the petroleum contract for Block 11 offshore Sao Tome and Principe was amended to remove any well commitment from the second exploration phase and add a contingent well to the third exploration phase in addition to the existing firm well. We also entered the second exploration phase which will expire in August 2021.

Republic of South Africa

In September 2019, we completed a farm-in agreement with OK Energy to acquire a 45% non-operated interest in the Northern Cape Ultra Deep block offshore the Republic of South Africa. Shell owns 45% of the block and is the operator and OK Energy retained 10%. The petroleum contract covers approximately 6,930 square kilometers at water depths ranging from 2,500 to 3,100 meters and has an initial exploration phase of two years.


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Results of Operations
 
All of our results, as presented in the table below, represent operations from Jubilee and TEN fields in Ghana, the U.S. Gulf of Mexico (commencing September 14, 2018, the DGE acquisition date), and Equatorial Guinea, which was accounted for as an equity method investment during 2018. Certain operating results and statistics for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are included in the following tables:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
(In thousands, except per volume data)
Sales volumes:
 
 
 
 
Oil (MBbl)
5,698

 
16,239

 
Gas (MMcf)
1,189

 
4,653

 
NGL (MBbl)
142

 
393

 
Total (MBoe)
6,038

 
17,408

 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
Oil sales
$
351,537

 
$
1,031,687

 
Gas sales
3,969

 
11,776

 
NGL sales
1,530

 
6,296

 
Total revenues
$
357,036

 
$
1,049,759

 
 
 
 
 
 
Average oil sales price per Bbl
$
61.69

 
$
63.53

 
Average gas sales price per Mcf
3.34

 
2.53

 
Average NGL sales price per Bbl
10.77

 
16.02

 
Average total sales price per Boe
59.13

 
60.30

 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs:
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production, excluding workovers
$
87,410

 
$
245,476

 
Oil and gas production, workovers
8,130

 
20,840

 
Total oil and gas production costs
$
95,540

 
$
266,316

 
 
 
 
 
 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
$
146,653

 
$
416,186

 
 
 
 
 
 
Average cost per Boe:
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production, excluding workovers
$
14.48

 
$
14.10

 
Oil and gas production, workovers
1.35

 
1.20

 
Total oil and gas production costs
15.83

 
15.30

 
 
 
 
 
 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
24.29

 
23.91

 
Oil and gas production cost and depletion costs
$
40.12

 
$
39.21

 


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Three Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Kosmos
 
Equity Method Investment - Equatorial Guinea(1)
 
Total
 
Kosmos
 
Equity Method Investment - Equatorial Guinea(1)
 
Total
 
(In thousands, except per volume data)
Sales volumes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil (MBbl)
3,247

 
1,448

 
4,695

 
8,076

 
4,278

 
12,354

Gas (MMcf)
309

 
—

 
309

 
309

 
—

 
309

NGL (MBbl)
24

 
—

 
24

 
24

 
—

 
24

Total (MBoe)
3,323

 
1,448

 
4,771

 
8,152

 
4,278

 
12,430

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil sales
$
241,139

 
$
107,704

 
$
348,843

 
$
583,526

 
$
300,079

 
$
883,605

Gas sales
975

 
—

 
975

 
975

 
—

 
975

NGL sales
719

 
—

 
719

 
719

 
—

 
719

Total revenues
$
242,833

 
$
107,704

 
$
350,537

 
$
585,220

 
$
300,079

 
$
885,299

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average oil sales price per Bbl
$
74.27

 
$
74.38

 
$
74.30

 
$
72.25

 
$
70.14

 
$
71.52

Average gas sales price per Mcf
3.16

 
—

 
3.16

 
3.16

 
—

 
3.16

Average NGL sales price per Bbl
29.96

 
—

 
29.96

 
29.96

 
—

 
29.96

Average total sales price per Boe
73.08

 
74.38

 
73.47

 
71.79

 
70.14

 
71.22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production, excluding workovers
$
55,363

 
$
20,167

 
$
75,530

 
$
149,517

 
$
57,683

 
$
207,200

Oil and gas production, workovers
(285
)
 
—

 
(285
)
 
2,144

 
—

 
2,144

Total oil and gas production costs
$
55,078

 
$
20,167

 
$
75,245

 
$
151,661

 
$
57,683

 
$
209,344

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
$
80,041

 
$
37,291

 
$
117,332

 
$
208,607

 
$
115,862

 
$
324,469

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average cost per Boe:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas production, excluding workovers
$
16.66

 
$
13.93

 
$
15.83

 
$
18.34

 
$
13.48

 
$
16.67

Oil and gas production, workovers
(0.09
)
 
—

 
(0.06
)
 
0.26

 
—

 
0.17

Total oil and gas production costs
16.57

 
13.93

 
15.77

 
18.60

 
13.48

 
16.84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
24.09

 
25.75

 
24.59

 
25.59

 
27.08

 
26.10

Oil and gas production cost and depletion costs
$
40.66

 
$
39.68

 
$
40.36

 
$
44.19

 
$
40.56

 
$
42.94

__________________________________
(1)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we have presented our 50% share of the results of operations, including our basis difference which is reflected in depletion, depreciation and amortization. Under the equity method of accounting, we only recognize our share of the net income of KTIPI as adjusted for our basis differential, which is recorded in (gain) loss on equity method investments, net in the consolidated statement of operations.



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The following table shows the number of wells in the process of being drilled or in active completion stages, and the number of wells suspended or waiting on completion as of September 30, 2019:
 
 
Actively Drilling or
 
Wells Suspended or
 
Completing
 
Waiting on Completion
 
Exploration
 
Development
 
Exploration
 
Development
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
 
Gross
 
Net
Ghana
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jubilee Unit
—

 
—

 
1

 
0.24

 
—

 
—

 
9

 
2.17

TEN
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
7

 
1.19

Equatorial Guinea
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Block S
1

 
0.40

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

U.S. Gulf of Mexico
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nearly Headless Nick
1

 
0.22

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Odd Job 214#2
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
0.61

Resolution
1

 
0.50

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Mauritania
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C8
1

 
0.28

 
—

 
—

 
3

 
0.84

 
1

 
0.28

Senegal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Saint Louis Offshore Profond
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
0.30

 
—

 
—

Cayar Profond
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3

 
0.90

 
—

 
—

Total
4

 
1.40

 
1

 
0.24

 
7

 
2.04

 
18

 
4.25



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The discussion of the results of operations and the period-to-period comparisons presented below analyze our historical results. The following discussion may not be indicative of future results.
 
Three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to three months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
 
Increase
 
2019
 
2018
 
(Decrease)
 
(In thousands)
Revenues and other income:
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas revenue
$
357,036

 
$
242,833

 
$
114,203

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
7,666

 
(7,666
)
Other income, net
(66
)
 
(280
)
 
214

Total revenues and other income
356,970

 
250,219

 
106,751

Costs and expenses:
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas production
95,540

 
55,078

 
40,462

Facilities insurance modifications, net
12,569

 
12,334

 
235

Exploration expenses
22,773

 
148,238

 
(125,465
)
General and administrative
24,723

 
25,963

 
(1,240
)
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
146,653

 
80,041

 
66,612

Interest and other financing costs, net
30,721

 
23,549

 
7,172

Derivatives, net
(27,016
)
 
57,357

 
(84,373
)
Gain on equity method investment, net
—

 
(24,841
)
 
24,841

Other expenses, net
11,472

 
(12,807
)
 
24,279

Total costs and expenses
317,435

 
364,912

 
(47,477
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
39,535

 
(114,693
)
 
154,228

Income tax expense
23,470

 
11,364

 
12,106

Net income (loss)
$
16,065

 
$
(126,057
)
 
$
142,122

 
Oil and gas revenue.  Oil and gas revenue increased by $114.2 million as a result of having a full quarter of revenue from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the three months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition versus 16 days of revenue in the previous year's period. The current year period also benefited from the inclusion of revenue from Equatorial Guinea on a consolidated basis for the three months ended September 30, 2019, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment. The revenue increase from higher sales volumes was impacted by lower oil prices during the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018. We sold 6,038 MBoe at an average realized price per barrel equivalent of $59.13 during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 3,323 MBoe at an average realized price per barrel equivalent of $73.08 during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

Oil and gas production.  Oil and gas production costs increased by $40.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018. This is a result of having a full quarter of oil and gas production costs from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the three months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition, versus 16 days of costs in the previous year's period. The current year period was also impacted by the inclusion of Equatorial Guinea costs on a consolidated basis for the three months ended September 30, 2019, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment.
 
Facilities insurance modifications, net. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, we incurred $12.6 million of facilities insurance modifications costs associated with the long-term solution to the Jubilee turret bearing issue versus $12.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2018. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, there were no offsetting hull and machinery insurance proceeds.
 
Exploration expenses.  Exploration expenses decreased by $125.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily a result of unsuccessful well costs recorded in 2018 associated with the write off of $57.7 million related to the Akasa-1 and Wawa-1 exploration wells in Ghana and

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$12.6 million of unsuccessful well costs associated with our Suriname drilling. Additionally, we incurred approximately $50.0 million related to seismic acquisition costs in our Gulf of Mexico business unit during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

Depletion, depreciation and amortization.  Depletion, depreciation and amortization increased $66.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase is a result of having a full quarter of depletion and depreciation costs from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the three months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition, versus 16 days of costs in the previous year's period. The current year period was also impacted by the inclusion of depletion and depreciation costs associated with the Equatorial Guinea business unit, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment.
 
Interest and other financing costs, net.  Interest and other financing costs, net increased $7.2 million primarily a result of an increased outstanding debt balance, the result of the DGE acquisition during the third quarter of 2018.

Derivatives, net.  During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded a gain of $27.0 million and a loss of $57.4 million, respectively, on our outstanding hedge positions. The amounts recorded were a result of changes in the forward oil price curve during the respective periods.

Gain on equity method investment, net. During the three months ended September 30, 2018 we recognized a $24.8 million gain on our equity method investment in KTIPI. Effective January 1, 2019, our equity method investment in KTIPI was exchanged for a direct interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex, which was accounted for under the proportionate consolidation method of accounting during the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Other expenses, net.  Other expenses, net increased $24.3 million primarily related to the recovery of disputed charges of $12.9 million related to the arbitration award against Tullow Ghana during 2018 and an $8.7 million indirect tax settlement with tax authorities in Senegal.

Income tax expense (benefit).  For the three months ended September 30, 2019, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by the difference in our 21% U.S. income tax reporting rate and the 35% statutory tax rates applicable to our Ghanaian and Equatorial Guinean operations, non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S., Ghanaian, and Equatorial Guinean operations, and other losses and expenses, primarily related to exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such losses or expenses.

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S. and Ghanaian operations and other losses and expenses, primarily related to exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such expenses or losses.



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Nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
 
Increase
 
2019
 
2018
 
(Decrease)
 
(In thousands)
Revenues and other income:
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas revenue
$
1,049,759

 
$
585,220

 
$
464,539

Gain on sale of assets
—

 
7,666

 
(7,666
)
Other income, net
(65
)
 
(17
)
 
(48
)
Total revenues and other income
1,049,694

 
592,869

 
456,825

Costs and expenses:
 

 
 

 
 

Oil and gas production
266,316

 
151,661

 
114,655

Facilities insurance modifications, net
(5,174
)
 
21,812

 
(26,986
)
Exploration expenses
83,022

 
246,912

 
(163,890
)
General and administrative
88,703

 
65,343

 
23,360

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
416,186

 
208,607

 
207,579

Interest and other financing costs, net
125,565

 
68,113

 
57,452

Derivatives, net
35,884

 
236,107

 
(200,223
)
Gain on equity method investment, net
—

 
(59,637
)
 
59,637

Other expenses, net
11,798

 
(8,164
)
 
19,962

Total costs and expenses
1,022,300

 
930,754

 
91,546

Income (loss) before income taxes
27,394

 
(337,885
)
 
365,279

Income tax expense
47,398

 
(58,329
)
 
105,727

Net income (loss)
$
(20,004
)
 
$
(279,556
)
 
$
259,552


Oil and gas revenue.  Oil and gas revenue increased by $464.5 million as a result of the inclusion of revenue from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition, versus 16 days of revenue in the previous year's period. The current year period also benefited from the inclusion of revenue from Equatorial Guinea on a consolidated basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment. The revenue increase from higher sales volumes was impacted by lower oil prices during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018. We sold 17,408 MBoe at an average realized price per barrel equivalent of $60.30 during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 8,152 MBoe at an average realized price per barrel equivalent of $71.79 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
 
Oil and gas production.  Oil and gas production costs increased by $114.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This is a result of the inclusion of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit, related to the DGE acquisition having a full nine months of oil and gas production costs from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 versus 16 days of costs in the previous year's period. The current year period was also impacted by the inclusion of production costs from Equatorial Guinea on a consolidated basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment.
 
Facilities insurance modifications, net. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we incurred $34.8 million of facilities insurance modifications costs associated with the long-term solution to the Jubilee turret bearing issue versus $31.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, these costs were offset by $40.0 million and $9.7 million, respectively, of hull and machinery insurance proceeds.
 
Exploration expenses.  Exploration expenses decreased by $163.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily a result of unsuccessful well costs recorded in 2018 associated with the write off of $57.7 million related to the Akasa-1 and Wawa-1 exploration wells in Ghana and $57.1 million of unsuccessful well costs associated with our Suriname drilling. Additionally, we incurred approximately $50.0 million related to seismic acquisition costs in our Gulf of Mexico business unit during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
 

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General and administrative.  General and administrative costs increased by $23.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This is primarily a result of having a full nine months of G&A costs from our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition, versus 16 days of costs in the previous year's period.


Depletion, depreciation and amortization.  Depletion, depreciation and amortization increased $207.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase is primarily a result of depletion and depreciation costs associated with the acquired U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit and the Equatorial Guinea business unit, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment.
 
Interest and other financing costs, net.  Interest and other financing costs, net increased $57.5 million primarily a result of an increased outstanding debt balance, the result of the DGE acquisition during the third quarter of 2018, and a $24.8 million loss on extinguishment of debt primarily associated with the refinancing of our senior notes recorded during the second quarter of 2019.
 
Derivatives, net.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded a loss of $35.9 million and a loss of $236.1 million, respectively, on our outstanding hedge positions. The losses recorded were a result of changes in the forward curve of oil prices during the respective periods.

Gain on equity method investment, net. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 we recognized a $59.6 million gain on our equity method investment in KTIPI. Effective January 1, 2019, our equity method investment in KTIPI was exchanged for a direct interest in the Ceiba Field and Okume Complex, which was accounted for under the proportionate consolidation method of accounting during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
 
Other expenses, net.  Other expenses, net increased $20.0 million primarily related to the recovery of disputed charges of $12.9 million related to the arbitration against Tullow Ghana during 2018 and an $8.7 million indirect tax settlement with tax authorities in Senegal.
 
Income tax expense (benefit).  For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by the difference in our 21% U.S. income tax reporting rate and the 35% statutory tax rates applicable to our Ghanaian and Equatorial Guinean operations, non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S., Ghanaian, and Equatorial Guinean operations, and other losses and expenses, primarily related to exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such losses or expenses.


For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, our overall effective tax rate was impacted by non-deductible and non-taxable items associated with our U.S. and Ghanaian operations and other losses and expenses, primarily related to exploration operations in tax-exempt jurisdictions or in taxable jurisdictions where we have valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, and therefore, we do not realize any tax benefit on such expenses or losses.


Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We are actively engaged in an ongoing process of anticipating and meeting our funding requirements related to our strategy as a full-cycle exploration and production company. We have historically met our funding requirements through cash flows generated from our operating activities and obtained additional funding from issuances of equity and debt, as well as partner carries.
While we are presently in a strong financial position, commodity prices are volatile and could negatively impact our ability to generate sufficient operating cash flows to meet our funding requirements. To partially mitigate this price volatility, we maintain a hedging program. Our investment decisions are based on longer-term commodity prices based on the nature of our projects and development plans. Also, BP has agreed to partially carry our exploration, appraisal and development program in Mauritania and Senegal up to a contractually agreed cap. Current commodity prices, combined with our hedging program, partner carries and our current liquidity position support our dividend and remaining capital program for 2019.

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Sources and Uses of Cash
 
The following table presents the sources and uses of our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(In thousands)
Sources of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:
 

 
 

Net cash provided by operating activities
$
400,276

 
$
90,247

Net proceeds from issuance of senior notes
641,875

 
—

Return of investment from KTIPI
—

 
142,628

Borrowings under long-term debt
175,000

 
1,000,000

Proceeds on sale of assets
—

 
13,703

 
1,217,151

 
1,246,578

Uses of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:
 

 
 

Oil and gas assets
240,642

 
149,305

Other property
8,291

 
3,560

Acquisition of oil and gas properties
—

 
961,764

Notes receivable from partners
19,565

 
—

Payments on long-term debt
325,000

 
175,000

Redemption of senior secured notes
535,338

 
—

Purchase of treasury stock
1,983

 
17,695

Dividends
54,447

 
—

Deferred financing costs
2,443

 
36,745

 
1,187,709

 
1,344,069

Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
29,442

 
$
(97,491
)
 
Net cash provided by operating activities.  Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $400.3 million compared with net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 of $90.2 million. The increase in cash provided by operating activities is a result of the inclusion of our U.S. Gulf of Mexico business unit during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to the DGE acquisition, which was completed during the third quarter of 2018. It is also the result of the inclusion of operations from Equatorial Guinea on a consolidated basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, which was previously accounted for as an equity method investment.
 

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The following table presents our net debt and liquidity as of September 30, 2019:
 
 
September 30, 2019
 
(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
203,646

Restricted cash
11,412

Senior Notes at par
650,000

Borrowings under the Facility
1,500,000

Borrowings under the Corporate Revolver
—

Net debt
$
1,934,942


 

Availability under the Facility
$
100,000

Availability under the Corporate Revolver
$
400,000

Available borrowings plus cash and cash equivalents
$
703,646


 
Capital Expenditures and Investments
 
We expect to incur capital costs as we:
•
drill additional wells and execute exploitation activities in Ghana, Equatorial Guinea and in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico;
•
execute infrastructure-led exploration efforts in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and Equatorial Guinea;
•
execute appraisal and exploration activities in a number of our exploration license areas; and
•
acquire and analyze seismic on existing licenses and purchase seismic over new prospective areas.

We have relied on a number of assumptions in budgeting for our future activities. These include the number of wells we plan to drill, our participating, paying and carried interests in our prospects including disproportionate payment amounts, the costs involved in developing or participating in the development of a prospect, the timing of third‑party projects, the availability of suitable equipment and qualified personnel and our cash flows from operations. We also evaluate potential corporate and asset acquisition opportunities to support and expand our asset portfolio which may impact our budget assumptions. These assumptions are inherently subject to significant business, political, economic, regulatory, environmental and competitive uncertainties, contingencies and risks, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. We may need to raise additional funds more quickly if market conditions deteriorate, or one or more of our assumptions proves to be incorrect, or if we choose to expand our acquisition, exploration, appraisal, development efforts or any other activity more rapidly than we presently anticipate. We may decide to raise additional funds before we need them if the conditions for raising capital are favorable. We may seek to sell equity or debt securities or obtain additional bank credit facilities. The sale of equity securities could result in dilution to our shareholders. The incurrence of additional indebtedness could result in increased fixed obligations and additional covenants that could restrict our operations.
 
2019 Capital Program
 
We estimate we will spend approximately $425 - $475 million of capital, net of carry amounts related to the Mauritania and Senegal transactions with BP, for the year ending December 31, 2019. However, the ultimate amount of capital we will spend may vary or fluctuate materially based on market conditions and the success of our drilling results among other factors. Through September 30, 2019, we have spent approximately $318 million.


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Significant Sources of Capital
 
Facility
 
In February 2018, the Company amended and restated the Facility with a total commitment of $1.5 billion from a number of financial institutions, with additional commitments up to $0.5 billion being available if the existing financial institutions increase their commitments or if commitments from new financial institutions are added. The borrowing base calculation includes value related to the Jubilee, TEN, Ceiba and Okume fields. In March 2019, following the lender's annual redetermination, the available borrowing base under our Facility was limited to the Facility size of $1.7 billion. The Facility supports our oil and gas exploration, appraisal and development programs and corporate activities. As part of the debt refinancing in February 2018, the repayment of borrowings under the existing facility attributable to financial institutions that did not participate in the amended Facility was accounted for as an extinguishment of debt, and $4.1 million of existing unamortized debt issuance costs and deferred interest attributable to those participants was expensed in interest and other financing costs, net in the first quarter of 2018. As of September 30, 2019, we have $34.4 million of unamortized issuance costs related to the Facility, which will be amortized over the remaining term of the Facility. The commitments were reduced by $100 million to $1.6 billion following the Senior Notes issuance in April 2019.

The Facility provides a revolving credit and letter of credit facility. The availability period for the revolving credit facility expires one month prior to the final maturity date. The letter of credit facility expires on the final maturity date. The available facility amount is subject to borrowing base constraints and, beginning on March 31, 2022, outstanding borrowings will be constrained by an amortization schedule. The Facility has a final maturity date of March 31, 2025. As of September 30, 2019, we had no letters of credit issued under the Facility.
 
We were in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Facility as of September 30, 2019 (the most recent assessment date). The Facility contains customary cross default provisions.
 
Corporate Revolver
 
In August 2018, we amended and restated the Corporate Revolver from a number of financial institutions, maintaining the borrowing capacity at $400.0 million, extending the maturity date from November 2018 to May 2022 and lowering the margin 100 basis points to 5%. This results in lower commitment fees on the undrawn portion of the total commitments, which is 30% per annum of the respective margin. The Corporate Revolver is available for general corporate purposes and for oil and gas exploration, appraisal and development programs.
 
As of September 30, 2019, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Corporate Revolver and the undrawn availability under the Corporate Revolver was $400 million. We were in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Corporate Revolver as of September 30, 2019 (the most recent assessment date). The Corporate Revolver contains customary cross default provisions.
 
Revolving Letter of Credit Facility
 
We had a revolving letter of credit facility agreement (“LC Facility”), which matured in July 2019. As of September 30, 2019, there were six outstanding letters of credit totaling $9.4 million under the LC Facility. The LC Facility contains customary cross default provisions.

In 2019, we issued two letters of credit totaling $20.4 million under a new letter of credit arrangement, which does not require cash collateral. This arrangement contains customary cross default provisions.
 
7.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2021
 

In April 2019, all of the Senior Secured Notes were redeemed for $543.8 million, including accrued interest and the early redemption premium. The redemption resulted in a $22.9 million loss on extinguishment of debt, which is included in Interest and other financing costs, net on the Consolidated Statement of Operations during the second quarter.

7.125% Senior Notes due 2026

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In April 2019, the Company issued $650.0 million of 7.125% Senior Notes (the "Senior Notes") and received net proceeds of approximately $640.0 million after deducting commissions and other expenses. We used the net proceeds to redeem all of the Senior Secured Notes, repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under the Corporate Revolver and pay fees and expenses related to the redemption, repayment and the issuance of the Senior Notes.
The Senior Notes mature on April 4, 2026. We will pay interest in arrears on the Senior Notes each April 4 and October 4, commencing on October 4, 2019. The Senior Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of Kosmos Energy Ltd. and rank equal in right of payment with all of its existing and future senior indebtedness (including all borrowings under the Corporate Revolver) and rank effectively junior in right of payment to all of its existing and future secured indebtedness (including all borrowings under the Facility). The Senior Notes are guaranteed on a senior, unsecured basis by certain subsidiaries owning the Company's Gulf of Mexico assets, and on a subordinated, unsecured basis by certain subsidiaries that guarantee the Facility.
At any time prior to April 4, 2022, and subject to certain conditions, the Company may, on one or more occasions, redeem up to 40% of the original principal amount of the Senior Notes with an amount not to exceed the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 107.1% of the outstanding principal amount of the Senior Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest and premium, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. Additionally, at any time prior to April 4, 2022 the Company may, on any one or more occasions, redeem all or a part of the Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 100%, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, and plus a “make-whole” premium. On or after April 4, 2022, the Company may redeem all or a part of the Senior Notes at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest:

Year
 
Percentage
On or after April 4, 2022, but before April 4, 2023
 
103.6
%
On or after April 4, 2023, but before April 4, 2024
 
101.8
%
On or after April 4, 2024 and thereafter
 
100.0
%

We may also redeem the Senior Notes in whole, but not in part, at any time if changes in tax laws impose certain withholding taxes on amounts payable on the Senior Notes at a price equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes plus accrued interest and additional amounts, if any, as may be necessary so that the net amount received by each holder after any withholding or deduction on payments of the Senior Notes will not be less than the amount such holder would have received if such taxes had not been withheld or deducted.

Upon the occurrence of a change of control triggering event as defined under the Senior Notes indenture, the Company will be required to make an offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at a repurchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of repurchase.
If we sell assets, under certain circumstances outlined in the Senior Notes indenture, we will be required to use the net proceeds to make an offer to purchase the Senior Notes at an offer price in cash in an amount equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
The Senior Notes indenture restricts our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, create liens, pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock, purchase or redeem capital stock, make investments or certain other restricted payments, sell assets, enter into agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make dividends or other payments to us, enter into transactions with affiliates, or effect certain consolidations, mergers or amalgamations. These covenants are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. Certain of these covenants will be terminated if the Senior Notes are assigned an investment grade rating by both Standard & Poor’s Rating Services and Fitch Ratings Inc. and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing.


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Contractual Obligations
 
The following table summarizes by period the payments due for our estimated contractual obligations as of September 30, 2019:
 
 
Payments Due By Year(4)
 
Total
 
2019(5)
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
(In thousands)
Principal debt repayments(1)
$
2,150,000

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
274,800

 
$
284,200

 
$
271,600

 
$
1,319,400

Interest payments on long-term debt(2)
618,914

 
45,266

 
127,318

 
114,764

 
102,899

 
86,169

 
142,498

Operating leases(3)
36,657

 
483

 
4,098

 
4,148

 
4,199

 
4,249

 
19,480

__________________________________
(1)
Includes the scheduled principal maturities for the $650.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes issued in April 2019, and borrowings under the Facility. The scheduled maturities of debt related to the Facility are based on, as of September 30, 2019, our level of borrowings and our estimated future available borrowing base commitment levels in future periods. Any increases or decreases in the level of borrowings or increases or decreases in the available borrowing base would impact the scheduled maturities of debt during the next five years and thereafter.
(2)
Based on outstanding borrowings as noted in (1) above and the LIBOR yield curves at the reporting date and commitment fees related to the Facility and Corporate Revolver and the interest on the Senior Secured Notes.
(3)
Primarily relates to corporate office and foreign office leases.
(4)
Does not include purchase commitments for jointly owned fields and facilities where we are not the operator and excludes commitments for exploration activities, including well commitments and seismic obligations, in our petroleum contracts. The Company's liabilities for asset retirement obligations associated with the dismantlement, abandonment and restoration costs of oil and gas properties are not included. See Note 15 — Additional Financial Information for additional information regarding these liabilities.
(5)
Represents the period from October 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.

We currently have a commitment to drill one exploration well in each of Sao Tome and Principe and Namibia and two exploration wells in Mauritania. In Sao Tome and Principe, we also have 3D seismic acquisition requirements of approximately 13,500 square kilometers. In South Africa we have 2D seismic acquisition requirements of approximately 500 line kilometers.

 The following table presents maturities by expected debt maturity dates, the weighted average interest rates expected to be paid on the Facility given current contractual terms and market conditions, and the debt’s estimated fair value. Weighted-average interest rates are based on implied forward rates in the yield curve at the reporting date. This table does not include amortization of deferred financing costs.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Liability)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value at
 
Years Ending December 31,
 
September 30,
 
2019(3)
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
2019
 
(In thousands, except percentages)
Fixed rate debt:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Senior Secured Notes
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
650,000

 
$
(670,514
)
Fixed interest rate
7.13
%
 
7.13
%
 
7.13
%
 
7.13
%
 
7.13
%
 
7.13
%
 
 
Variable rate debt:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Facility(1)
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
274,800

 
$
284,200

 
$
271,600

 
$
669,400

 
$
(1,500,000
)
Weighted average interest rate(2)
5.30
%
 
4.83
%
 
4.55
%
 
4.91
%
 
5.03
%
 
5.52
%
 
 

__________________________________
(1)
The amounts included in the table represent principal maturities only. The scheduled maturities of debt are based on the level of borrowings and the available borrowing base as of September 30, 2019. Any increases or decreases in the level of borrowings or increases or decreases in the available borrowing base would impact the scheduled maturities of debt during the next five years and thereafter.

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(2)
Based on outstanding borrowings as noted in (1) above and the LIBOR yield curves plus applicable margin at the reporting date. Excludes commitment fees related to the Facility and Corporate Revolver.
(3)
Represents the period October 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We may enter into off-balance sheet arrangements and transactions that can give rise to material off-balance sheet obligations. As of September 30, 2019, our material off-balance sheet arrangements and transactions include short-term operating leases and undrawn letters of credit. There are no other transactions, arrangements, or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons that are reasonably likely to materially affect Kosmos’ liquidity or availability of or requirements for capital resources.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
We consider accounting policies related to our revenue recognition, exploration and development costs, receivables, income taxes, derivative instruments and hedging activities, estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves, asset retirement obligations, leases and impairment of long-lived assets as critical accounting policies. The policies include significant estimates made by management using information available at the time the estimates are made. However, these estimates could change materially if different information or assumptions were used. Other than the implementation of the new lease standard discussed in Note 2 — Accounting Policies, there have been no changes to our critical accounting policies which are summarized in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section in our annual report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2018.
 
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements
 
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains estimates and forward-looking statements, principally in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Our estimates and forward-looking statements are mainly based on our current expectations and estimates of future events and trends, which affect or may affect our businesses and operations. Although we believe that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to several risks and uncertainties and are made in light of information currently available to us. Many important factors, in addition to the factors described in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K, may adversely affect our results as indicated in forward-looking statements. You should read this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, the annual report on Form 10-K and the documents that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Our estimates and forward-looking statements may be influenced by the following factors, among others:
 
•
our ability to find, acquire or gain access to other discoveries and prospects and to successfully develop and produce from our current discoveries and prospects;
•
uncertainties inherent in making estimates of our oil and natural gas data;
•
the successful implementation of our and our block partners’ prospect discovery and development and drilling plans;
•
projected and targeted capital expenditures and other costs, commitments and revenues;
•
termination of or intervention in concessions, rights or authorizations granted to us by the governments of the countries in which we operate (or their respective national oil companies) or any other federal, state or local governments or authorities;
•
our dependence on our key management personnel and our ability to attract and retain qualified technical personnel;
•
the ability to obtain financing and to comply with the terms under which such financing may be available;
•
the volatility of oil, natural gas and NGL prices;
•
the availability, cost, function and reliability of developing appropriate infrastructure around and transportation to our discoveries and prospects;
•
the availability and cost of drilling rigs, production equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield services;
•
other competitive pressures;
•
potential liabilities inherent in oil and natural gas operations, including drilling and production risks and other operational and environmental risks and hazards;
•
current and future government regulation of the oil and gas industry or regulation of the investment in or ability to do business with certain countries or regimes;
•
cost of compliance with laws and regulations;
•
changes in environmental, health and safety or climate change or greenhouse gas (“GHG”) laws and regulations or the implementation, or interpretation, of those laws and regulations;

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•
adverse effects of sovereign boundary disputes in the jurisdictions in which we operate;
•
environmental liabilities;
•
geological, geophysical and other technical and operations problems, including drilling and oil and gas production and processing;
•
military operations, civil unrest, outbreaks of disease, terrorist acts, wars or embargoes;
•
the cost and availability of adequate insurance coverage and whether such coverage is enough to sufficiently mitigate potential losses and whether our insurers comply with their obligations under our coverage agreements;
•
our vulnerability to severe weather events, including tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico;
•
our ability to meet our obligations under the agreements governing our indebtedness;
•
the availability and cost of financing and refinancing our indebtedness;
•
the amount of collateral required to be posted from time to time in our hedging transactions, letters of credit, performance bonds and other secured debt;
•
the result of any legal proceedings, arbitrations, or investigations we may be subject to or involved in;
•
our success in risk management activities, including the use of derivative financial instruments to hedge commodity and interest rate risks; and
•
other risk factors discussed in the “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K.

The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “aim,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” “plan” and similar words are intended to identify estimates and forward-looking statements. Estimates and forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and, except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or to review any estimate and/or forward-looking statement because of new information, future events or other factors. Estimates and forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. As a result of the risks and uncertainties described above, the estimates and forward-looking statements discussed in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q might not occur, and our future results and our performance may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements due to, including, but not limited to, the factors mentioned above. Because of these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about our potential exposure to market risks. The term “market risks” as it relates to our currently anticipated transactions refers to the risk of loss arising from changes in commodity prices and interest rates. These disclosures are not meant to be precise indicators of expected future losses, but rather indicators of reasonably possible losses. This forward-looking information provides indicators of how we view and manage ongoing market risk exposures. We enter into market-risk sensitive instruments for purposes other than to speculate.
 
We manage market and counterparty credit risk in accordance with our policies. In accordance with these policies and guidelines, our management determines the appropriate timing and extent of derivative transactions. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Note 2 — Accounting Policies, Note 9 — Derivative Financial Instruments and Note 10 — Fair Value Measurements” section of our annual report on Form 10-K for a description of the accounting procedures we follow relative to our derivative financial instruments.
 
The following table reconciles the changes that occurred in fair values of our open derivative contracts during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:
 
 
Derivative Contracts Assets (Liabilities)
 
 
Commodities
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Fair value of contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2018
$
30,744

 
Changes in contract fair value
(34,003
)
 
Contract maturities
24,701

 
Fair value of contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2019
$
21,442

 
 

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Table of Contents

Commodity Price Risk
 
The Company’s revenues, earnings, cash flows, capital investments and, ultimately, future rate of growth are highly dependent on the prices we receive for our crude oil, which have historically been very volatile. Substantially all of our oil sales are indexed against Dated Brent, Eugene Island, Heavy Louisiana Sweet and Mars crude.

Commodity Derivative Instruments
 
We enter into various oil derivative contracts to mitigate our exposure to commodity price risk associated with anticipated future oil production. These contracts currently consist of collars, put options, call options and swaps. In regards to our obligations under our various commodity derivative instruments, if our production does not exceed our existing hedged positions, our exposure to our commodity derivative instruments would increase.
 
Commodity Price Sensitivity
 
The following table provides information about our oil derivative financial instruments that were sensitive to changes in oil prices as of September 30, 2019. Volumes and weighted average prices are net of any offsetting derivatives entered into.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Price per Bbl
Asset (Liability)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Deferred
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value at
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30,
Term
 
Type of Contract
 
Index
 
MBbl
 
Payable/(Receivable)
 
Swap
 
Sold Put
 
Floor
 
Ceiling
 
2019(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(In thousands)
2020:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Oct — Dec
 
Three-way collars
 
Dated Brent
 
2,628

 
$
1.17

 
$
—

 
$
43.81

 
$
53.33

 
$
73.57

 
$
(1,701
)
Oct — Dec
 
Sold calls(1)
 
Dated Brent
 
230

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
80.00

 
(2,355
)
Oct — Dec
 
Swaps
 
NYMEX WTI
 
265

 
—

 
51.61

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(563
)
Oct — Dec
 
Collars
 
Argus LLS
 
250

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
60.00

 
88.75

 
1,026

2020:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jan — Dec
 
Three-way collars
 
Dated Brent
 
6,000

 
$
0.45

 
$
—

 
$
45.00

 
$
57.50

 
$
80.18

 
$
21,019

Jan — Dec
 
Swaps with sold puts
 
Dated Brent
 
2,000

 
—

 
60.53

 
48.75

 
—

 
—

 
3,074

Jan — Dec
 
Put spread
 
Dated Brent
 
2,000

 
2.59

 
—

 
50.00

 
60.00

 
—

 
4,139

Jan — Dec
 
Sold calls(1)(2)
 
Dated Brent
 
8,000

 
1.17

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
85.00

 
(1,940
)
2021:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jan — Dec
 
Sold calls(1)
 
Dated Brent
 
1,000

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
75.00

 
(1,257
)
__________________________________
(1)
Represents call option contracts sold to counterparties to enhance other derivative positions.
(2)
Deferred premium payable to be paid October 1, 2019 — December 31, 2019.
(3)
Fair values are based on the average forward oil prices on September 30, 2019.

In October 2019, we entered into put option contracts for 2.0 MMBbls from January 2020 through December 2020 with a floor price of $57.50 per barrel and a sold put price of $50.00 per barrel. In addition, we sold 3.0 MMBbl of calls from January 2021 through December 2021 with an average strike price of $71.67 per barrel. The contracts are indexed to Dated Brent prices.

At September 30, 2019, our open commodity derivative instruments were in a net asset position of $21.4 million. As of September 30, 2019, a hypothetical 10% price increase in the commodity futures price curves would decrease future pre-tax earnings by approximately $37.6 million. Similarly, a hypothetical 10% price decrease would increase future pre-tax earnings by approximately $35.3 million.
 

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Interest Rate Sensitivity
 
At September 30, 2019, we had indebtedness outstanding under the Facility of $1,500 million, which bore interest at floating rates. The interest rate on this indebtedness as of September 30, 2019 was approximately 5.3%. If LIBOR increased by 10% at this level of floating rate debt, we would pay an additional $3.1 million in interest expense per year. The commitment fees on the undrawn availability under the Facility and the Corporate Revolver are not subject to changes in interest rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. This evaluation considered the various processes carried out under the direction of our disclosure committee in an effort to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the SEC reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accurate, complete and timely. However, a control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefit of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Consequently, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2019, in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, including that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 
 
There have been no material changes from the information concerning legal proceedings discussed in the “Item 3. Legal Proceedings” section of our annual report on Form 10-K.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
There have been no material changes from the risks discussed in the “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, other than the following:

Changes in the method of determining London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest expense related to our outstanding debt.
Changes in the method of determining London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest expense related to outstanding debt. On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority in the United Kingdom announced that it would no longer persuade or compel panel banks to submit the rates required to calculate LIBOR after the end of 2021. The announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR on the current basis cannot and will not be guaranteed after 2021. The continued existence of LIBOR after 2021, therefore, remains highly uncertain. While various governmental working groups are pursuing replacement rates, if LIBOR ceases to exist, we may need to renegotiate our Facility and Corporate Revolver and may not be able to do so on terms that are favorable to us.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 

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None.

Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 5.    Other Information.
 
There have been no material changes required to be reported under this Item that have not previously been disclosed in the annual report on Form 10-K.
 
Item 6. Exhibits
 
The information required by this Item 6 is set forth in the Index to Exhibits accompanying this quarterly report on Form 10‑Q.

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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
Kosmos Energy Ltd.
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Date
November 4, 2019
 
/s/ THOMAS P. CHAMBERS
 
 
Thomas P. Chambers
 
 
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)


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INDEX OF EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description of Document
10.1
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
 
 
 
32.1
 
 
 
 
32.2
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document




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