KULR Technology Group, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2019 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2019

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                     to                    

Commission File Number:

000-55564

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 408-663-5247

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) N/A

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b- 2 of the Exchange Act. 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of August 12, 2019, there were 80,975,655 shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding.  

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

KULR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Organization and Operations

KULR Technology Group, Inc., through its wholly-owned subsidiary, KULR Technology Corporation (collectively referred to as “KULR” or the “Company”), develops and commercializes high-performance thermal management technologies for electronics, batteries, and other components across a range of applications. Currently, the Company is focused on targeting the following applications: electric vehicles and autonomous driving systems (collectively referred to herein as “E-Mobility”); artificial intelligence and Cloud computing; energy storage; and 5G communication technologies. KULR provides heat management solutions to enhance the performance and safety of battery packs used in electric vehicles, communication devices aerospace and defense.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and for the three and six months then ended. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year ending December 31, 2019 or any other period. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related disclosures as of December 31, 2018 and for the year then ended, which were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on Form 10-K on March 29, 2019.

The Company has not yet achieved profitability and expects to continue to incur cash outflows from operations. It is expected that its research and development and general and administrative expenses will continue to increase and, as a result, the Company will eventually need to generate significant product revenues to achieve profitability. These conditions indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statement issuance date.

The Company is currently funding its operations on a month-to-month basis by means of private placements. Although the Company’s management believes that it has access to capital resources, there are currently no commitments in place for new financing at this time and there is no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain funds on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate funds on reasonable terms, it may be required to significantly curtail or discontinue operations or obtain funds by entering into financing agreements on unattractive terms. The Company’s operating needs include the planned costs to operate its business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures. 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might become necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Since the date of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies, except as disclosed in this note. 

Concentrations

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. A significant portion of the Company’s cash is held at one major financial institution. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. Cash held in US bank institutions is currently insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000 at each institution. There were no uninsured cash balances as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Customer concentrations are as follows:

* Less than 10%

There is no assurance the Company will continue to receive significant revenues from any of these customers. A reductions or delay in operating activity from any of the Company’s significant customers, or a delay or default in payment by any significant customer, or termination of agreements with significant customers, could materially harm the Company’s business and prospects. Because of the Company’s significant customer concentrations, its gross profit and operating income could fluctuate significantly due to changes in political, environmental, or economic conditions, or the loss of, reduction of business from, or less favorable terms with any of the Company’s significant customers.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The core principle of ASC 606 requires that an entity recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, it is possible more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. 

The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

The Company recognizes revenue primarily from the following different types of contracts:

The following table summarizes our revenue recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations:

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any contract assets or contract liabilities from contracts with customers. The contract liabilities represent payments received from customers for which the Company had not yet satisfied its performance obligation under the contract. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods.

Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of vested common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common-equivalent shares outstanding during each period. Dilutive common-equivalent shares consist of shares of non-vested restricted stock, if not anti-dilutive.

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive common shares because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: 

Operating Leases

The Company leases properties under operating leases. For leases in effect upon adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” at January 1, 2019 and for any leases commencing thereafter, the Company recognizes a liability to make lease payments, the “lease liability”, and an asset representing the right to use the underlying asset during the lease term, the “right-of-use asset”. The lease liability is measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use asset is measured at the amount of the lease liability adjusted for the remaining balance of any lease incentives received, any cumulative prepaid or accrued rent if the lease payments are uneven throughout the lease term, any unamortized initial direct costs, and any impairment of the right-of-use-asset. Operating lease expense consists of a single lease cost calculated so that the remaining cost of the lease is allocated over the remaining lease term on a straight-line basis, variable lease payments not included in the lease liability, and any impairment of the right-of-use asset.

The Company evaluated their operating leases and elected to apply the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption in which the right of use assets and lease liabilities are not recognized for short-term leases.

Deferred expenses consist of labor and materials that are attributable to customer contracts that the Company has not completed its performance obligation under the contract and, as a result, has not recognized revenue. As of June 30, 2019, deferred expenses were $92,516, which consisted of labor and materials, totaling $43,843 and $48,673, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, there were no deferred expenses.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:

The Company has agreed to issue an aggregate of 43,895 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock for consulting fees. As of June 30, 2019, the stock and warrants had not been issued and, as a result, $49,459 of accrued issuable equity at fair value was included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities – related parties consist of a liability of $58,919 and $83,919 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, to Energy Science Laboratories, Inc. (“ESLI”), a company controlled by the Company’s Chief Technology Officer (“CTO”), in connection with consulting services provided to the Company associated with the development of the Company’s CFV thermal management solutions.

Common Stock

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company sold an aggregate of 1,361,059 shares of common stock at $0.66 per share to accredited investors for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $898,300.

Stock-Based Compensation

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $45,171 and $93,111 (which includes the issuance of 25,000 shares of immediately-vested common stock for legal fees of $36,060), respectively, and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of  $124,835 and $307,792, respectively, related to restricted common stock, stock options and warrants, which are included within general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2019, there was $137,003 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense that will be recognized over the weighted average remaining vesting period of 2.5 years.

Securities Purchase Agreement

On April 2, 2019, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the stockholders (the “Sellers”) holding 100% of the ownership interest in TECHTOM Co., Ltd. (“TECHTOM”), a Japanese limited liability company, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from the Sellers, subject to the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, all ownership interests in TECHTOM and any and all claims, notes and other liabilities owed by TECHTOM to the Sellers (the “Acquisition”). Although no assurances can be made that the Acquisition will be completed, upon such Acquisition, TECHTOM would become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to pay the Sellers, against delivery of all Ownership and Claims, the following aggregate acquisition price: (i) $1,700,000 cash consideration (the “Cash Consideration”); and (ii) one hundred (100) shares of the Company’s Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred”), which class of Series C Preferred is to be designated prior to the closing of the Acquisition. It is contemplated that the Series C Preferred will have, among others, the following rights, preferences and limitation: (i) a stated value of $10,000 per share; (ii) no right to receive dividends; (iii) the right to convert each share into twenty thousand shares of the Company’s common stock, which right is subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation; and (iv) the right to vote with the Company’s shareholders on an as-converted basis. The rights and preferences of the Series C Preferred are set forth in further detail in the form of Certificate of Designation attached as an exhibit to the Purchase Agreement and which description is qualified in its entirety to such exhibit, which is incorporated herein by reference.

See Note 10 - Subsequent Events for details associated with the termination of the Purchase Agreement.

The Company has two operating leases for real estate which have remaining terms that are less than one year. The Company elected not to recognize short-term leases on the balance sheet and all costs were recognized as selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, operating lease expense was $40,103 and $80,488, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, operating lease expense was $31,505 and $46,666, respectively. As of June 30, 2019, the Company does not have any financing leases.

Patent License Agreement

On March 21, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (“NREL”) granting the Company an exclusive license to commercialize its patented Internal Short Circuit technology. The agreement shall be effective for as long as the licensed patents are enforceable, subject to certain early termination provisions specified in the agreement. In consideration, the Company agreed to pay to NREL the following: (i) a cash payment of $12,000 payable over one year, (ii) royalties ranging from 1.5% to 3.75% on the net sales price of the licensed products, as defined in the agreement, with minimum annual royalty payments ranging from $0 to $7,500. In addition, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to bring the licensed products to market through a commercialization program that requires that certain milestones be met, as specified in the agreement. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded royalties of $690 that were included within cost of revenues. There were no sales of the licensed products during 2018, such that no royalties were earned during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.

Securities Purchase Agreement

On April 2, 2019, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the stockholders (the “Sellers”) holding 100% of the ownership interest in TECHTOM Co., Ltd. (“TECHTOM”), a Japanese limited liability company, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from the Sellers, subject to the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, all ownership interests in TECHTOM and any and all claims, notes and other liabilities owed by TECHTOM to the Sellers (the “Acquisition”).

On July 5, 2019, the Company entered into a Rescission and Termination Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with the Sellers (each Seller, individually, and the Company, a “Party” or collectively, the “Parties”) holding 100% of the ownership interest in TECHTOM to terminate the Purchase Agreement.

Pursuant to the Termination Agreement, each of the Parties mutually agreed (i) to rescind and terminate the Purchase Agreement, relieving each Party of their respective duties and obligations arising under the Purchase Agreement; and (ii) to a general release of all other respective Parties from all claims arising out of the Purchase Agreement or the Termination Agreement. Each Party is responsible for all costs and expenses incurred by such Party in connection with the Purchase Agreement or the Termination Agreement.

Common Stock

On July 8, 2019, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock at $0.66 per share in connection with services provided.

On July 9, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 39,790 shares of common stock at $0.66 per share in connection with services provided.

Registration Statement

On July 11, 2019, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The shelf registration was declared effective by the SEC, on August 1, 2019. The registration statement will allow the Company to issue, from time to time at prices and on terms to be determined at or prior to the time of the offering, shares of its common stock, shares of our preferred stock or warrants, either individually or in units, with a total value of up to $50,000,000.

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

Subsequent to June 30, 2019, holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock converted an aggregate of 16,371 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock into an aggregate of 818,550 shares of common stock.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of KULR Technology Group, Inc. ("KULR" and, including its subsidiary, KULR Technology Corporation (“KULR”), the “Company”) as of June 30, 2019 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes to those financial statements that are included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related disclosures as of December 31, 2018 and for the year then ended, which are included in the Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 29, 2019. References in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations to “us”, “we”, “our” and similar terms refer to the Company. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains statements that are forward-looking. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risk, uncertainties and other factors. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. Actual results could differ materially because of the factors discussed in “Risk Factors” elsewhere in this Report, in our other reports filed with the SEC, and other factors that we may not know.

Overview

KULR Technology Group, Inc., through our wholly-owned subsidiary KULR Technology Corporation, develops and commercializes high-performance thermal management technologies for electronics, batteries, and other components across an array of applications. Currently, we are focused on targeting the following applications: electric vehicles and autonomous driving systems (collectively referred to herein as “E-Mobility”); artificial intelligence and Cloud computing; energy storage; and 5G communication technologies. Our proprietary core technology is a carbon fiber material, with roots in aerospace and defense, that provides what we believe to be superior thermal conductivity and heat dissipation in an ultra-lightweight and pliable material. By leveraging our proprietary cooling solutions that have been developed through longstanding partnerships with NASA, the Jet Propulsion Lab and others, our products and services make E-Mobility battery powered products safer and more stable.

Our management believes that the E-Mobility industry has created and will create significant new opportunities for the application of our technology and know-how. We believe these new opportunities will be further driven by certain changing preferences that we’ve observed in younger generations that must increasingly cope with higher population density, global warming, and the rapidly evolving communications and computing needs of their personal devices and the surrounding infrastructure. As a result, we predict that the younger generations will increasingly prefer to attend meetings by video conference; rent a car, bike, or scooter, or call an app-based car service instead of owning a vehicle; and leverage the Cloud to perform tasks traditionally done in person, such as shopping for lunch, clothes, electronics and other consumer goods that also leverages an expanding E-Mobility delivery network.

In addition to evolving demands led by consumer-preferences, we have observed trending manufacturer-led opportunities in industries that have become increasingly more reliant on the Cloud, on portability and on high-demand processing power. For example, car manufacturers are increasingly providing options that take over the responsibility for driving, diagnosing its own service requirements and analyzing on-board systems data and efficiency. The communications and entertainment industries are leveraging increasingly more powerful and portable devices to deliver live and high-definition content and experiences. These innovations will require high bandwidth communication devices that can handle the power drain and computational requirements to keep up with the sophisticated security and software tools that will power these advanced product offerings. As a result of these manufacturer and consumer trends, we believe that the new generations of high-powered, small form-factor semiconductors are out-pacing the ability to control unwanted heat generation in lithium ion batteries.

The above-described advances in micro technology, portable power, and compact energy efficient devices linked to an ever-widening Internet of Things (“IoT”) via the Cloud are driving opportunities that forms the focus of the Company’s business development plan. We believe that our core technology and historical development focus on improving lithium-ion battery performance and safety, positions us in a competitively advantageous position to enhance key components to the evolving mobile applications for a wide range of consumer products and IoT. We have found that as chip performance increases, power consumption increases, and more heat is generated as a byproduct. When chip size reduces, there is an increased potential for a hot spot on the chip, which can degrade system performance, or even cause spontaneous combustion. However, electronic system components must operate within a specific temperature range on both the high and low end to operate properly. After strenuous testing, we believe we have developed heat management solutions that significantly improve upon traditional heat storage and dissipation solutions and improve upon their rigidity and durability. We also believe that the traditional solutions are not equipped to handle the evolving marketplace. However, through a combination of custom design services and provision of proprietary hardware solutions, our products reduce manufacturing complexity and provide a lighter weight solution than traditional thermal management materials and, we believe, can meet the heat management demands of components and batteries being designed into the newest mobile technologies and applications.

Our management’s growth strategy has put particular focus on targeting E-Mobility applications for its core technology. We believe we are well-positioned to provide a broad range of E-mobility solutions, and intend to expand our business through internal growth and acquisition. In the case of acquisitions, we seek to acquire businesses in related markets that are synergistic to our existing operations, technologies, and management experience. This focus will highlight markets in which we can: (1) integrate our existing technology into the acquiree’s product offerings or simultaneously offer our products and services through the acquiree’s customer base and channels; (2) gain a leading market position and provide vertically integrated services where we can secure economies of scale, premium market positioning, and operational synergies; and/or (3) establish a leading position in selected markets and channels of the acquiree through a joint broad-based, hi-tech, E-Mobility branding campaign. We have developed an acquisition discipline based on a set of financial, market and management criteria to evaluate opportunities. If we were to successfully close an acquisition, we would seek to integrate it while minimizing disruption to our existing operations and those of the acquired business, while exploiting the technical and managerial synergies from integration.

We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations. It is expected that our research and development and general and administrative expenses will continue to increase and, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant product revenues to achieve profitability. These conditions indicate that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statement issuance date. Historically, we have been able to raise funds to support our business operations, although there can be no assurance that we will be successful in raising additional funds in the future.

Recent Developments

Termination of the Securities Purchase Agreement

On July 5, 2019, the Company entered into a Rescission and Termination Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with the stockholders (the “Sellers”) (each Seller, individually, and the Company, a “Party” or collectively, the “Parties”) holding 100% of the ownership interest in TECHTOM Co., Ltd. (“TECHTOM”) to terminate the Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and the Sellers, dated April 2, 2019 (the “Purchase Agreement”). The Company originally entered into the Purchase Agreement to, among other things, purchase all the ownership interests of TECHTOM from the Sellers, as previously disclosed in the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 3, 2019.

Pursuant to the Termination Agreement, each of the Parties mutually agreed (i) to rescind and terminate the Purchase Agreement, relieving each Party of their respective duties and obligations arising under the Purchase Agreement; and (ii) to a general release of all other respective Parties from all claims arising out of the Purchase Agreement or the Termination Agreement. Each Party is responsible for all costs and expenses incurred by such Party in connection with the Purchase Agreement or the Termination Agreement.

Change of Ticker Symbol

Effective on July 11, 2019, the Company changed its trading symbol from “KUTG” to “KULR.”

Results of Operations

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared With Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

Revenues

Our revenues consisted of the following:

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we generated $56,310 and $171,091 of revenues, a decrease of $114,781, or 67%. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of product sales, as well as the decrease in service contract completions during the second quarter of 2019.

Our revenues during the three months ended June 30, 2019 primarily consisted of sales of our component product, CFV thermal management solution, ISC battery cell products, as well as certain research and development contract and onsite engineering services. Our revenues during the three months ended June 30, 2018 consisted of sales of our component product, CFV thermal management solution as well as certain research and development contract services.

Our revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was generated from 4 and 6 different customers, respectively.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we generated $251,262 and $399,131 of revenues, a decrease of $147,869, or 37%. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in service contract completions during the 2019 period.

Our revenues during the six months ended June 30, 2019 consisted of our component product, CFV thermal management solution, ISC battery cell products as well as certain research and development contract and onsite engineering services Our revenues during the six months ended June 30, 2018 consisted of sales of our component product, CFV thermal management solution, sales of an Original Equipment Manufacturer (“OEM”) product as well as certain research and development contract services.

Our revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was generated from 13 and 10 different customers, respectively.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues consists of the cost of our products as well as labor expenses directly related to product sales or research contract services.

Generally, we earn greater margins on revenue from products compared to revenue from services, so product mix plays an important part in our reported average margins for any period. Also, we are introducing new products in the early stages of our development cycle and the margins earned can vary significantly between period, customers and products due to the learning process, customer negotiating strengths, and product mix.

Our customers and prospective customers are large organizations with multiple levels of management, controls/procedures, and contract evaluation/authorization. Furthermore, our solutions are new and do not necessarily fit into pre-existing patterns of purchase commitment. Accordingly, the business activity cycle between expression of initial customer interest to shipping, acceptance and billing can be lengthy, unpredictable and lumpy, which can influence the timing, consistency and reporting of sales growth.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cost of revenues was $28,550 and $33,470, respectively, a decrease of $4,920, or 15%. The decrease was primarily due to lower sales of higher margin products. The gross margin percentage was 49% and 80% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease in margins during the 2019 period was primarily due to a reduction in sales of higher margin products as compared to the 2018 period.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cost of revenues was $90,067 and $183,417, respectively, a decrease of $93,350, or 51%. The decrease was primarily due to increased volume of contracts in the 2018 period, which requested additional labor and materials. The gross margin percentage was 64% and 54% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase during the 2019 period resulted primarily from a more favorable product mix being sold as compared to the previous period.

Research and Development

Research and development (“R&D”) includes expenses incurred in connection with the R&D of our CFV thermal management solution. R&D expenses are expensed as they are incurred.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, R&D expenses decreased by $4,459, or 4%, to $114,547 from $119,006 for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease is attributable to expenses associated with R&D supplies.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, R&D expenses decreased by $10,951, or 5%, to $227,739 from $238,690 for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease is attributable to expenses associated with R&D supplies.

We expect that our R&D expenses will increase as we expand our future operations.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries, payroll taxes and other benefits, legal and professional fees, stock-based compensation, marketing, travel, rent and office expenses.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $128,756, or 19%, to $534,262 from $663,018 for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily due to decreased professional fees of approximately $50,000 resulting from the termination of multiple consulting agreements, non-cash stock-based compensation expense of approximately $80,000, payroll and benefit expense of approximately $31,000, partially offset by increased travel expense of approximately $26,000.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $327,505, or 23%, to $1,119,753 from $1,447,258 for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily due to a reduction in payroll and benefit expenses of $66,000, professional fees of approximately $75,000, non-cash stock-based compensation expense of approximately $215,000, partially offset by increased rent expense of approximately $34,000.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash used in operating activities was $968,882 and $779,380, respectively. Our cash used in operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $1,187,109, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $99,234, partially offset by $118,993 of net cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities. Our cash used in operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily attributable to our net loss of $1,470,467, adjusted for non-cash expenses in the aggregate amount of $316,316, partially offset by $374,771 of net cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash used in investing activities was $0 and $8,350, respectively. Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2018 was due to purchases of equipment.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018, cash provided by financing activities was $883,300 and $0, respectively. Cash provided by financing activities the six months ended June 30, 2019 consisted of approximately $898,000 proceeds from sale of common stock, partially offset by the payment of $15,000 of deferred offering costs.

We have not yet achieved profitability and expect to continue to incur cash outflows from operations. It is expected that our research and development and general and administrative expenses will continue to increase and, as a result, we will eventually need to generate significant product revenues and/or raise additional capital to fund our operations. These conditions indicate that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statement issuance date. 

We are currently funding our operations on a month-to-month basis. Although our management believes that we have access to capital resources, there are currently no commitments in place for new financing at this time and there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain funds on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate funds on reasonable terms, we may be required to significantly curtail or discontinue operations or obtain funds by entering into financing agreements on unattractive terms. Our operating needs include the planned costs to operate our business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), which contemplate our continuation as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements between us and any other entity that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on financial conditions, changes in financial conditions, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to stockholders.

Critical Accounting Policies

For a description of our critical accounting policies, see Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The Company is a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1), and is not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the second quarter of 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, except as noted above.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K which was filed with the SEC on March 29, 2019.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits. 

*Filed herewith

**Furnished herewith

(1) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on January 7, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference

(2) Previously filed as an exhibit to Form 8-K on April 3, 2019 and incorporated herein by this reference

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this quarterly report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.