LANNETT CO INC - Quarter Report: 2019 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2019

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File No. 001-31298

LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

State of Delaware		23-0787699
(State of Incorporation)		(I.R.S. Employer I.D. No.)

9000 State Road

Philadelphia, PA 19136

(215) 333-9000

(Address of principal executive offices and telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value		LCI		New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x		Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12B-12 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each class of the registrant’s common stock, as of the latest practical date

Class		Outstanding as of April 30, 2019
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share		39,323,618

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			Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

	ITEM 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

		Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2019 (unaudited) and June 30, 2018	3

		Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	4

		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	5

		Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	6

		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	8

		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	9

	ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	33

	ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	47

	ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	47

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

	ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	48

	ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	48

	ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS	48

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	(Unaudited)
	March 31, 2019			June 30, 2018
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	205,207		$	98,586
Accounts receivable, net	151,804			252,651
Inventories	136,352			141,635
Prepaid income taxes	101			15,159
Assets held for sale	14,644			13,976
Other current assets	7,246			4,863
Total current assets	515,354			526,870
Property, plant and equipment, net	193,121			233,247
Intangible assets, net	401,973			424,425
Goodwill	—			339,566
Deferred tax assets	102,541			22,063
Other assets	18,620			29,133
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,231,609		$	1,575,304

LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	31,564		$	56,767
Accrued expenses	8,423			7,425
Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses	18,677			7,819
Rebates payable	41,873			49,400
Royalties payable	10,423			5,955
Restructuring liability	270			6,706
Liabilities held for sale	847			—
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	66,845			66,845
Total current liabilities	178,922			200,917
Long-term debt, net	711,341			772,425
Other liabilities	2,046			3,047
TOTAL LIABILITIES	892,309			976,389
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12 and 13)

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock ($0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 38,858,670 and 38,256,839 shares issued; 37,908,587, and 37,380,517 shares outstanding at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively)	39			38
Additional paid-in capital	314,591			306,817
Retained earnings	39,661			306,464
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(571		)	(515		)
Treasury stock (950,083 and 876,322 shares at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively)	(14,420		)	(13,889		)
Total stockholders’ equity	339,300			598,915
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	1,231,609		$	1,575,304

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	March 31,						March 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018

Net sales	$	172,794		$	174,386		$	521,566		$	513,652
Cost of sales	99,571			99,036			303,012			267,503
Amortization of intangibles	7,906			8,293			24,286			23,971
Gross profit	65,317			67,057			194,268			222,178
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses	9,838			2,730			29,371			20,861
Selling, general and administrative expenses	21,649			14,112			65,434			61,643
Acquisition and integration-related expenses	—			—			—			83
Restructuring expenses	452			1,421			1,687			2,983
Loss on sale of intangible asset	—			15,514			—			15,514
Asset impairment charges	—			—			369,499			—
Total operating expenses	31,939			33,777			465,991			101,084
Operating income (loss)	33,378			33,280			(271,723		)	121,094
Other income (loss):
Investment income	925			719			1,860			4,208
Interest expense	(21,485		)	(22,842		)	(64,430		)	(64,440		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(413		)	—			(413		)	—
Other	(401		)	(662		)	(1,409		)	2,473
Total other loss	(21,374		)	(22,785		)	(64,392		)	(57,759		)
Income (loss) before income tax	12,004			10,495			(336,115		)	63,335
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,359			(2,275		)	(71,594		)	23,286
Net income (loss)	$	10,645		$	12,770		$	(264,521	)	$	40,049

Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	0.28		$	0.34		$	(7.01	)	$	1.08
Diluted	$	0.27		$	0.33		$	(7.01	)	$	1.05

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	37,842,224			37,136,945			37,729,099			37,064,781
Diluted	39,330,847			38,287,005			37,729,099			38,112,193

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)

	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	March 31,						March 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018

Net income (loss)	$	10,645		$	12,770		$	(264,521	)	$	40,049
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)	(69		)	(103		)	(56		)	(228		)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(69		)	(103		)	(56		)	(228		)
Income tax related to items of other comprehensive income	—			—			—			—
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(69		)	(103		)	(56		)	(228		)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	10,576		$	12,667		$	(264,577	)	$	39,821

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)

	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional				Accumulated Other
	Shares Issued	Amount		Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Stockholders’ Equity

Balance, December 31, 2018	38,767	$	39	$	312,322	$	29,016	$	(502	)	$	(14,364	)	$	326,511
Shares issued in connection with share-based compensation plans	91	—		280		—		—			—			280
Share-based compensation	—	—		1,989		—		—			—			1,989
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—			(56		)	(56		)
Other comprehensive income net of tax	—	—		—		—		(69		)	—			(69		)
Net income	—	—		—		10,645		—			—			10,645
Balance, March 31, 2019	38,858	$	39	$	314,591	$	39,661	$	(571	)	$	(14,420	)	$	339,300

	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	Common Stock			Additional				Accumulated Other
	Shares Issued	Amount		Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Stockholders’ Equity

Balance, December 31, 2017	37,761	$	38	$	298,337	$	305,053	$	(347	)	$	(10,285	)	$	592,796
Shares issued in connection with share-based compensation plans	415	—		2,773		—		—			—			2,773
Share-based compensation	—	—		2,266		—		—			—			2,266
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—			(3,530		)	(3,530		)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(103		)	—			(103		)
Net income	—	—		—		12,770		—			—			12,770
Balance, March 31, 2018	38,176	$	38	$	303,376	$	317,823	$	(450	)	$	(13,815	)	$	606,972

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)

	Nine months ended March 31, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional					Accumulated Other
	Shares Issued	Amount		Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings			Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Stockholders’ Equity

Balance, June 30, 2018	38,257	$	38	$	306,817	$	306,464		$	(515	)	$	(13,889	)	$	598,915
Shares issued in connection with share-based compensation plans	601	1		800		—			—			—			801
Share-based compensation	—	—		6,974		—			—			—			6,974
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		—		—			—			(531		)	(531		)
Other comprehensive income net of tax	—	—		—		—			(56		)	—			(56		)
ASC 606 adjustment	—	—		—		(2,282		)	—			—			(2,282		)
Net loss	—	—		—		(264,521		)	—			—			(264,521		)
Balance, March 31, 2019	38,858	$	39	$	314,591	$	39,661		$	(571	)	$	(14,420	)	$	339,300

	Nine months ended March 31, 2018
	Common Stock			Additional				Accumulated Other
	Shares Issued	Amount		Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Stockholders’ Equity

Balance, June 30, 2017	37,528	$	37	$	292,780	$	277,774	$	(222	)	$	(9,247	)	$	561,122
Shares issued in connection with share-based compensation plans	648	1		3,578		—		—			—			3,579
Share-based compensation	—	—		7,018		—		—			—			7,018
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—			(4,568		)	(4,568		)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(228		)	—			(228		)
Net income	—	—		—		40,049		—			—			40,049
Balance, March 31, 2018	38,176	$	38	$	303,376	$	317,823	$	(450	)	$	(13,815	)	$	606,972

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)

	Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	(264,521	)	$	40,049
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	42,030			40,638
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(80,478		)	34,040
Share-based compensation	6,974			7,018
Asset impairment charges	369,499			—
Loss on sale of assets	933			777
Loss on sale of intangible asset	—			15,514
Gain on investment securities	—			(3,201		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	413			—
Amortization of debt discount and other debt issuance costs	13,440			17,294
Other noncash (income) expenses	(510		)	4
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:
Accounts receivable, net	97,673			(34,701		)
Inventories	1,766			(10,686		)
Prepaid income taxes/Income taxes payable	15,868			(77		)
Other assets	636			(7,972		)
Accounts payable	(24,965		)	5,781
Accrued expenses	1,127			(6,667		)
Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses	11,337			4,485
Rebates payable	(7,527		)	(3,326		)
Royalties payable	4,468			6,525
Restructuring liability	(6,436		)	(2,103		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	181,727			103,392
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(18,501		)	(41,147		)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment	14,171			35
Proceeds from sale of outstanding loan to Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”)	5,600			—
Advance to VIE	—			(9,955		)
Purchase of intangible asset	(2,000		)	(7,038		)
Proceeds from sale of investment securities	—			83,833
Purchase of investment securities	—			(62,630		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(730		)	(36,902		)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayments of long-term debt	(73,488		)	(68,994		)
Proceeds from issuance of stock	801			3,579
Payment of debt issuance costs	(1,102		)	—
Purchase of treasury stock	(531		)	(4,568		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(74,320		)	(69,983		)
Effect on cash and cash equivalents of changes in foreign exchange rates	(56		)	(228		)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	106,621			(3,721		)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD	98,586			117,737
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD	$	205,207		$	114,016
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid (net of capitalized interest of $0 and $1.6 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively)	$	50,725		$	46,740
Income taxes paid (refunded)	$	(6,410	)	$	(6,760	)
Credits issued pursuant to a Settlement Agreement	$	—		$	17,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1. Interim Financial Information

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for the presentation of interim financial statements and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. In the opinion of management, the unaudited financial statements include all the normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019. These unaudited financial statements should be read in combination with the other Notes in this section; “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing in Item 2; and the Consolidated Financial Statements, including the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018. The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2018 was derived from audited financial statements.

Note 2. The Business and Nature of Operations

Lannett Company, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “Lannett”) primarily develop, manufacture, package, market and distribute solid oral and extended release (tablets and capsules), topical, nasal and oral solution finished dosage forms of drugs that address a wide range of therapeutic areas. Certain of these products are manufactured by others and distributed by the Company. The Company also manufactures active pharmaceutical ingredients through its Cody Laboratories, Inc. (“Cody Labs”) subsidiary primarily for use in its finished dosage forms. In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company approved a plan to sell the active pharmaceutical ingredient manufacturing and distribution business of its Cody Laboratories subsidiary (the “Cody API business”). See Note 22 “Assets Held for Sale” for more information.

On November 25, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Kremers Urban Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“KUPI”), the former U.S. specialty generic pharmaceuticals subsidiary of global biopharmaceuticals company UCB S.A. (“UCB”). KUPI is a specialty pharmaceuticals manufacturer focused on the development of products that are difficult to formulate or utilize specialized delivery technologies.

The Company operates pharmaceutical manufacturing plants in Cody, Wyoming; Carmel, New York and Seymour, Indiana. The Company’s customers include generic pharmaceutical distributors, drug wholesalers, chain drug stores, private label distributors, mail-order pharmacies, other pharmaceutical manufacturers, managed care organizations, hospital buying groups, governmental entities and health maintenance organizations. In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company ceased manufacturing functions at its State Road facility in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Company discontinued distribution from its Townsend Road facility in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as of January 31, 2019. The Company has entered into an agreement to sell its Townsend Road facility and expects to finalize the sale by the end of Fiscal 2019.

Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).

Principles of consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Lannett Company, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

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Business Combinations

Acquired businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective estimated fair values. The fair values and useful lives assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on, among other factors, the expected future period of benefit of the asset, the various characteristics of the asset and projected future cash flows. Significant judgment is employed in determining the assumptions utilized as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent measurement period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions described above could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions are required in the determination of revenue recognition and sales deductions for estimated chargebacks, rebates, returns and other adjustments including a provision for the Company’s liability under the Medicare Part D program. Additionally, significant estimates and assumptions are required when determining the fair value of long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, income taxes, contingencies and share-based compensation.

Because of the inherent subjectivity and complexity involved in these estimates and assumptions, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign currency translation

The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. Dollars, the reporting currency of the Company. The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiary are maintained in local currency and translated into U.S. dollars at the end of each reporting period. Assets and liabilities are translated at period-end exchange rates, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the period. The adjustments resulting from the use of differing exchange rates are recorded as part of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under Other income (loss). Amounts recorded due to foreign currency fluctuations are immaterial to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities less than or equal to three months at the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value, and consist of bank deposits and certificates of deposit that are readily convertible into cash. The Company maintains its cash deposits and cash equivalents at well-known, stable financial institutions. Such amounts frequently exceed insured limits.

Investment securities

The Company’s investment securities consisted of publicly-traded equity securities which were classified as trading investments. Investment securities were recorded at fair value based on quoted market prices from broker or dealer quotations or transparent pricing sources at each reporting date. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under Other income (loss). In May 2018, the Company liquidated the remainder of the investment securities portfolio. As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company did not own investment securities.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from its customers and maintains a provision for estimated credit losses. The Company determines its allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time balances are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligations to the Company and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they are determined to be uncollectible.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value by the first-in, first-out method. Inventories are regularly reviewed and write-downs for excess and obsolete inventory are recorded based primarily on current inventory levels, expiration date and estimated sales forecasts.

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Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Repairs and maintenance costs that do not extend the useful life of the asset are expensed as incurred.

Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization of definite-lived intangible assets is computed on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives, generally for periods ranging from 10 to 15 years. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but instead are tested at least annually for impairment. Costs to renew or extend the term of a recognized intangible asset are expensed as incurred.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets, including Intangible Assets other than Goodwill

The Company’s long-lived assets primarily consist of property, plant and equipment and definite and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances (“triggering events”) indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If a triggering event is determined to have occurred, the asset’s carrying value is compared to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted cash flows of the asset, then impairment exists. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or triggering events indicate that the asset might be impaired.

An impairment loss is measured as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value, which in most cases is calculated using a discounted cash flow model. Discounted cash flow models are highly reliant on various assumptions which are considered Level 3 inputs, including estimates of future cash flows (including long-term growth rates), discount rates and the probability of achieving the estimated cash flows.

In-Process Research and Development

Amounts allocated to in-process research and development in connection with a business combination are recorded at fair value and are considered indefinite-lived intangible assets subject to impairment testing in accordance with the Company’s impairment testing policy for indefinite-lived intangible assets. As products in development are approved for sale, amounts will be allocated to product rights and will be amortized over their estimated useful lives. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over the expected lives of the related assets. The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value of in-process research and development, as well as asset lives, can materially impact our results of operations. The Company’s fair value assessments are highly reliant on various assumptions which are considered Level 3 inputs, including estimates of future cash flows (including long-term growth rates), discount rates and the probability of achieving the estimated cash flows.

Goodwill

Goodwill, which represented the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, was carried at cost. Goodwill was tested for impairment on an annual basis on the first day of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or triggering events indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company utilized a quantitative assessment to determine the fair value of our reporting unit (generic pharmaceuticals) based on market data as well as projected cash flows. If the carrying value of our reporting unit exceeded its fair value, the difference would be recorded as a goodwill impairment, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company’s fair value assessments are highly reliant on various assumptions which are considered Level 3 inputs, including estimates of future cash flows (including long-term growth rates), discount rates and the probability of achieving the estimated cash flows. The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value of goodwill can materially impact our results of operations.

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Segment Information

The Company operates in one reportable segment, generic pharmaceuticals. As such, the Company aggregates its financial information for all products. The following table identifies the Company’s net sales by medical indication for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
Medical Indication	2019		2018		2019		2018
Antibiotic	$	3,789	$	3,801	$	12,066	$	10,701
Anti-Psychosis	20,616		9,336		45,540		47,127
Cardiovascular	22,783		18,514		70,233		39,955
Central Nervous System	9,424		8,395		22,808		24,137
Gallstone	3,041		3,828		7,744		15,674
Gastrointestinal	11,735		16,562		36,783		46,171
Glaucoma	659		875		1,719		5,706
Migraine	9,846		12,888		32,134		43,387
Muscle Relaxant	3,238		3,299		9,538		10,309
Pain Management	5,856		6,594		19,771		18,483
Respiratory	498		2,324		2,676		6,200
Thyroid Deficiency	55,210		69,975		197,564		185,983
Urinary	2,105		33		5,262		5,870
Other	16,062		12,376		37,230		38,178
Contract manufacturing revenue	7,932		5,586		20,498		15,771
Net sales	$	172,794	$	174,386	$	521,566	$	513,652

Customer, Supplier and Product Concentration

The following table presents the percentage of total net sales, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, for certain of the Company’s products, defined as products containing the same active ingredient or combination of ingredients, which accounted for at least 10% of net sales in any of those periods:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018

Product 1	32	%	40	%	38	%	36	%
Product 2	11	%	4	%	8	%	8	%

The following table presents the percentage of total net sales, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, for certain of the Company’s customers which accounted for at least 10% of net sales in any of those periods:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018

Customer A	31	%	—	%	16	%	—	%
Customer B	17	%	15	%	16	%	18	%
Customer C	16	%	32	%	21	%	27	%

The Company’s primary finished goods inventory supplier through March 23, 2019 was Jerome Stevens Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“JSP”), in Bohemia, New York. Purchases of finished goods inventory from JSP accounted for approximately 40% and 37% of the Company’s inventory purchases during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Purchases of finished goods inventory from JSP accounted for approximately 36% of the Company’s inventory purchases during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. See Note 21 “Material Contracts with Suppliers” for more information.

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Revenue Recognition

On July 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which superseded ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when (or as) we satisfy our performance obligations by transferring a promised good or service to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration the Company is expected to be entitled. Our revenue consists almost entirely of sales of our pharmaceutical products to customers, whereby we ship product to a customer pursuant to a purchase order. Revenue contracts such as these do not generally give rise to contract assets or contract liabilities because: (i) the underlying contracts generally have only a single performance obligation and (ii) we do not generally receive consideration until the performance obligation is fully satisfied. The new revenue standard impacts the timing of the Company’s revenue recognition by requiring recognition of certain contract manufacturing arrangements to change from “upon shipment or delivery” to “over time”. However, the recognition of these arrangements over time does not currently have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position. The Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. Refer to the “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” section of this footnote for further discussion of the impact of the adoption.

When revenue is recognized, a simultaneous adjustment to gross sales is made for estimated chargebacks, rebates, returns, promotional adjustments and other potential adjustments. These provisions are primarily estimated based on historical experience, future expectations, contractual arrangements with wholesalers and indirect customers and other factors known to management at the time of accrual. Accruals for provisions are presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements as a reduction to gross sales with the corresponding reserve presented as a reduction of accounts receivable or included as rebates payable, depending on the nature of the reserve.

Provisions for chargebacks, rebates, returns and other adjustments require varying degrees of subjectivity. While rebates generally are based on contractual terms and require minimal estimation, chargebacks and returns require management to make more subjective assumptions. Each major category is discussed in detail below:

Chargebacks

The provision for chargebacks is the most significant and complex estimate used in the recognition of revenue. The Company sells its products directly to wholesale distributors, generic distributors, retail pharmacy chains and mail-order pharmacies. The Company also sells its products indirectly to independent pharmacies, managed care organizations, hospitals, nursing homes and group purchasing organizations, collectively referred to as “indirect customers.” The Company enters into agreements with its indirect customers to establish pricing for certain products. The indirect customers then independently select a wholesaler from which to purchase the products. If the price paid by the indirect customers is lower than the price paid by the wholesaler, the Company will provide a credit, called a chargeback, to the wholesaler for the difference between the contractual price with the indirect customers and the wholesaler purchase price. The provision for chargebacks is based on expected sell-through levels by the Company’s wholesale customers to the indirect customers and estimated wholesaler inventory levels. As sales to the large wholesale customers, such as Cardinal Health, AmerisourceBergen and McKesson increase (decrease), the reserve for chargebacks will also generally increase (decrease). However, the size of the increase (decrease) depends on product mix and the amount of sales made to indirect customers with which the Company has specific chargeback agreements. The Company continually monitors the reserve for chargebacks and makes adjustments when management believes that expected chargebacks may differ from the actual chargeback reserve.

Rebates

Rebates are offered to the Company’s key chain drug store, distributor and wholesaler customers to promote customer loyalty and increase product sales. These rebate programs provide customers with credits upon attainment of pre-established volumes or attainment of net sales milestones for a specified period. Other promotional programs are incentive programs offered to the customers. Additionally, as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“PPACA”) enacted in the U.S. in March 2010, the Company participates in a new cost-sharing program for certain Medicare Part D beneficiaries designed primarily for the sale of brand drugs and certain generic drugs if their Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval was granted under a New Drug Application (“NDA”) or 505(b) NDA versus an Abbreviated New Drug application (“ANDA’). Because our drugs used for the treatment of thyroid deficiency and our Morphine Sulfate Oral Solution product were both approved by the FDA as 505(b)(2) NDAs, they are considered “brand” drugs for purposes of the PPACA. Drugs purchased within the Medicare Part D coverage gap (commonly referred to as the “donut hole”) result in additional rebates. The Company estimates the reserve for rebates and other promotional credit programs based on the specific terms in each agreement when revenue is recognized. The reserve for rebates increases (decreases) as sales to certain wholesale and retail customers increase (decrease). However, since these rebate programs are not identical for all customers, the size of the reserve will depend on the mix of sales to customers that are eligible to receive rebates.

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Returns

Consistent with industry practice, the Company has a product returns policy that allows customers to return product within a specified time period prior to and subsequent to the product’s expiration date in exchange for a credit to be applied to future purchases. The Company’s policy requires that the customer obtain pre-approval from the Company for any qualifying return. The Company estimates its provision for returns based on historical experience, changes to business practices, credit terms and any extenuating circumstances known to management. While historical experience has allowed for reasonable estimations in the past, future returns may or may not follow historical trends. The Company continually monitors the reserve for returns and makes adjustments when management believes that actual product returns may differ from the established reserve. Generally, the reserve for returns increases as net sales increase.

Other Adjustments

Other adjustments consist primarily of “price adjustments, also known as “shelf-stock adjustments” and “price protections,” which are both credits issued to reflect increases or decreases in the invoice or contract prices of the Company’s products. In the case of a price decrease, a credit is given for product remaining in customer’s inventories at the time of the price reduction. Contractual price protection results in a similar credit when the invoice or contract prices of the Company’s products increase, effectively allowing customers to purchase products at previous prices for a specified period of time. Amounts recorded for estimated shelf-stock adjustments and price protections are based upon specified terms with direct customers, estimated changes in market prices and estimates of inventory held by customers. The Company regularly monitors these and other factors and evaluates the reserve as additional information becomes available. Other adjustments also include prompt payment discounts and “failure-to-supply” adjustments. If the Company is unable to fulfill certain customer orders, the customer can purchase products from our competitors at their prices and charge the Company for any difference in our contractually agreed upon prices.

Cost of Sales, including Amortization of Intangibles

Cost of sales includes all costs related to bringing products to their final selling destination, which includes direct and indirect costs, such as direct material, labor and overhead expenses. Additionally, cost of sales includes product royalties, depreciation, amortization and costs to renew or extend recognized intangible assets, freight charges and other shipping and handling expenses.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, including all production costs until a drug candidate is approved by the FDA. Research and development expenses include costs associated with internal projects as well as costs associated with third-party research and development contracts.

Contingencies

Loss contingencies, including litigation-related contingencies, are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations when the Company concludes that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. Legal fees for litigation-related matters are expensed as incurred and included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under the Selling, general and administrative expenses line item.

Restructuring Costs

The Company records charges associated with approved restructuring plans to remove duplicative headcount and infrastructure associated with business acquisitions or to simplify business processes. Restructuring charges can include severance costs to eliminate a specified number of employees, infrastructure charges to vacate facilities and consolidate operations and contract cancellation costs. The Company records restructuring charges based on estimated employee terminations, site closure and consolidation plans. The Company accrues severance and other employee separation costs under these actions when it is probable that a liability exists and the amount is reasonably estimable.

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Share-based Compensation

Share-based compensation costs are recognized over the vesting period, using a straight-line method, based on the fair value of the instrument on the date of grant less an estimate for expected forfeitures. The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair value of stock options, the stock price on the grant date to value restricted stock and the Monte-Carlo simulation model to determine the fair value of performance-based shares. The Black-Scholes valuation and Monte-Carlo simulation models include various assumptions, including the expected volatility, the expected life of the award, dividend yield and the risk-free interest rate as well as performance assumptions of peer companies. These assumptions involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions which are generally outside the Company’s control. Changes in these assumptions could have a material impact on share-based compensation costs recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

Self-Insurance

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company self-insures for certain employee medical and prescription benefits. The Company also maintains stop loss coverage with third party insurers to limit its total liability exposure. The liability for self-insured risks is primarily calculated using independent third-party actuarial valuations which take into account actual claims, claims growth and claims incurred but not yet reported. Actual experience, including claim frequency and severity as well as health-care inflation, could result in different liabilities than the amounts currently recorded. The liability for self-insured risks under this plan as of March 31, 2019 totaled $4.3 million. The liability was not material to the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018.

Income Taxes

The Company uses the liability method to account for income taxes as prescribed by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities as measured by the enacted tax rates which will be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax expense (benefit) is the result of changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are adjusted to recognize the effects of changes in tax laws or enacted tax rates in the period during which they are signed into law. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are the Company’s forecast of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Under ASC 740, Income Taxes, a valuation allowance is required when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized through generating sufficient future taxable income. Failure to achieve forecasted taxable income in applicable tax jurisdictions could affect the ultimate realization of deferred tax assets and could result in an increase in the Company’s effective tax rate on future earnings.

The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position claimed on a tax return only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The authoritative accounting standards also provide guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures.

On December 22, 2017, President Trump signed the Tax Cut and Jobs Act legislation (“2017 Tax Reform”) into law, which included a broad range of tax reform provisions affecting businesses, including corporate tax rates, business deductions and international tax provisions. Many of these provisions significantly differ from the then-current U.S. tax law, resulting in pervasive financial reporting implications. As a result of the new law, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of 2017 Tax Reform. SAB 118 requires registrants to report the tax effects of 2017 Tax Reform, inclusive of provisional amounts for which the accounting is incomplete but a reasonable estimate can be determined. SAB 118 also allows for a measurement period of up to one year in cases where a registrant reports a provisional amount or is unable to reasonably estimate the impact of 2017 Tax Reform. In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company finalized the provisional amounts without any further adjustments, in accordance with the expiration of the SAB 118 measurement period.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period including additional shares that would have been outstanding related to potentially dilutive securities. These potentially dilutive securities consist of stock options, unvested restricted stock and performance-based shares. Anti-dilutive securities are excluded from the calculation. Dilutive shares are also excluded in the calculation in periods of net loss because the effect of including such securities would be anti-dilutive.

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Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes all changes in equity during a period except those that resulted from investments by or distributions to the Company’s stockholders. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to gains and losses that are included in comprehensive income (loss), but excluded from income (loss) as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to stockholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09, which created ASC Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The authoritative guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Based on a review of the contracts representing a substantial portion of our revenues, which is primarily generated from product sales, the Company determined that the updated guidance does not have a material impact on our disclosures or the timing and recognition of our revenues. Under the new standard, the Company estimates certain amounts as variable consideration, specifically any “failure-to-supply” adjustments at the point of product sale in future periods.

The new revenue standard also impacts the timing of the Company’s revenue recognition by requiring recognition of certain contract manufacturing arrangements to change from “upon shipment or delivery” to “over time”. However, the recognition of these arrangements over time does not currently have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position.

The cumulative impact of the adoption of ASC 606 resulted in a $2.3 million adjustment, net of tax, to opening retained earnings on July 1, 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize right-of-use assets and liabilities on its balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose quantitative and qualitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period and requires a modified retrospective application, with early adoption permitted. In December 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-20, Leases — Narrow Scope Improvements for lessors, which allows entities to choose an additional transition method of adoption, under which an entity initially applies the new standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company is currently in the process of assessing the impact this guidance will have on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 addresses how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The standard was adopted on July 1, 2018 and did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 4. Restructuring Charges

Cody Restructuring Program

On June 29, 2018, the Company announced a restructuring plan with respect to Cody Labs (the “Cody Restructuring Plan”). The plan focuses on a more select set of opportunities which will result in streamlined operations, improved efficiencies and a reduced cost structure. The Company currently estimates that it will incur approximately $4.5 million of total costs to implement the Cody Restructuring Plan, comprised primarily of approximately $2.5 million of severance and employee-related costs.

The expenses associated with the Cody Restructuring Plan included in restructuring expenses (credits) during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended			Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
Employee separation costs (credits)	$	(89	)	$	(585	)
Facility closure costs	—			—
Total	$	(89	)	$	(585	)

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In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company adjusted separation costs related to changes in stock price for unvested equity awards, which will be paid upon termination to certain employees.

A reconciliation of the changes in restructuring liabilities associated with the Cody Restructuring Plan from June 30, 2018 through March 31, 2019 is set forth in the following table:

(In thousands)	Employee Separation Costs			Facility Closure Costs		Total
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	3,092		$	—	$	3,092
Restructuring charges (credits)	(585		)	—		(585		)
Payments	(2,237		)	—		(2,237		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	270		—		$	270

2016 Restructuring Program

The expenses associated with the restructuring program included in restructuring expenses during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Employee separation costs (credits)	$	377	$	339	$	1,084	$	(41	)
Facility closure costs	164		1,082		1,188		3,024
Total	$	541	$	1,421	$	2,272	$	2,983

A reconciliation of the changes in restructuring liabilities associated with the 2016 Restructuring Program from June 30, 2018 through March 31, 2019 is set forth in the following table:

(In thousands)	Employee Separation Costs			Facility Closure Costs			Total
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	3,614		$	—		$	3,614
Restructuring charges	1,084			1,188			2,272
Payments	(4,698		)	(1,188		)	(5,886		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	—		$	—		$	—

Note 5. Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consisted of the following components at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2019			June 30, 2018
Gross accounts receivable	$	362,148		$	503,175
Less Chargebacks reserve	(99,527		)	(153,034		)
Less Rebates reserve	(30,529		)	(33,102		)
Less Returns reserve	(50,721		)	(43,059		)
Less Other deductions	(28,314		)	(20,021		)
Less Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,253		)	(1,308		)
Accounts receivable, net	$	151,804		$	252,651

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For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a provision for chargebacks, rebates (including rebates presented as rebates payable), returns and other deductions of $221.7 million, $50.4 million, $12.4 million, and $25.6 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded a provision for chargebacks, rebates (including rebates presented as rebates payable), returns and other deductions of $323.1 million, $72.0 million, $7.1 million, and $23.7 million, respectively.

For the nine months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a provision for chargebacks, rebates (including rebates presented as rebates payable), returns, and other deductions of $834.3 million, $194.0 million, $31.1 million, and $60.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded a provision for chargebacks, rebates (including rebates presented as rebates payable), returns, and other deductions of $798.0 million, $228.1 million, $21.7 million, and $52.3 million, respectively.

The following table identifies the activity and ending balances of each major category of revenue-related reserve for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

Reserve Category (In thousands)	Chargebacks			Rebates			Returns			Other			Total
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	153,034		$	82,502		$	43,059		$	20,021		$	298,616
Adjustment related to adoption of ASC 606	—			—			—			3,536			3,536
Current period provision	834,270			194,012			31,069			60,167			1,119,518
Credits issued during the period	(887,777		)	(204,112		)	(23,407		)	(55,410		)	(1,170,706		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	99,527		$	72,402		$	50,721		$	28,314		$	250,964

Reserve Category (In thousands)	Chargebacks			Rebates			Returns			Other			Total
Balance at June 30, 2017	$	79,537		$	87,616		$	42,135		$	11,096		$	220,384
Current period provision	797,964			228,100			21,661			52,329			1,100,054
Credits issued during the period	(764,055		)	(239,665		)	(16,543		)	(40,399		)	(1,060,662		)
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	113,446		$	76,051		$	47,253		$	23,026		$	259,776

For the three months ending March 31, 2019 and 2018, as a percentage of gross sales the provision for chargebacks was 46.7% and 54.3%, the provision for rebates was 10.6% and 12.1%, the provision for returns was 2.6% and 1.2% and the provision for other adjustments was 5.4% and 4.0%, respectively.

For the nine months ending March 31, 2019 and 2018, as a percentage of gross sales the provision for chargebacks was 51.5% and 49.9%, the provision for rebates was 12.0% and 14.3%, the provision for returns was 1.9% and 1.4%, and the provision for other adjustments was 3.7% and 3.3%, respectively.

The decrease in the provision for chargebacks as a percentage of gross sales in the three months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to the same prior-year period was due to the Amneal Distribution and Transition Support Agreement (the “Amneal Agreement”), which shifted the Company’s sales of Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets away from wholesalers and directly to Amneal.

On July 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 which resulted in a $3.2 million pre-tax adjustment to opening retained earnings and accounts receivable, of which $3.5 million related to “failure-to-supply” reserves offset by $0.3 million related to the timing of recognition of certain contract manufacturing arrangements.

The decrease in the chargebacks reserve from June 30, 2018 to March 31, 2019 was primarily due to the expiration of the JSP Distribution Agreement, which resulted in lower Levothyroxine-related chargebacks at March 31, 2019 as compared to June 30, 2018. Increased customer orders in June 2018 in advance of a mid-week holiday as well as a related maintenance shutdown of the Company’s Seymour, Indiana manufacturing facility in the first week of July 2018 also contributed to the decrease in the chargebacks reserve. The activity in the “Other” category for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 includes, shelf-stock, shipping and other sales adjustments including prompt payment discounts and “failure-to-supply” adjustments. Historically, we have not recorded any material amounts in the current period related to reversals or additions of prior period reserves. If the Company were to record a material reversal or addition of any prior period reserve amount, it would be separately disclosed.

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Note 6. Inventories

Inventories at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018
Raw materials	$	55,245	$	64,647
Work-in-process	23,925		19,983
Finished goods	57,182		57,005
Total	$	136,352	$	141,635

Inventory balances were written-down by $19.8 million and $11.9 million at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively, for excess and obsolete inventory amounts. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded write-downs to net realizable value for excess and obsolete inventory of $2.4 million and $4.0 million, respectively. During the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded write-downs to net realizable value for excess and obsolete inventory of $15.2 million and $8.3 million, respectively.

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company approved a plan to sell the Cody API business. As such, all assets, including inventory totaling $3.5 million, and liabilities associated with the Cody API business are recorded in the assets and liabilities held for sale captions in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. See Note 22 “Assets Held for Sale” for more information.

Note 7. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment, net at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following:

(In thousands)	Useful Lives	March 31, 2019			June 30, 2018
Land	—	$	1,783		$	2,900
Building and improvements	10 - 39 years	83,750			105,041
Machinery and equipment	5 - 10 years	158,769			173,988
Furniture and fixtures	5 - 7 years	3,188			4,099
Less: accumulated depreciation		(83,238		)	(89,996		)
		164,252			196,032
Construction in progress		28,869			37,215
Property, plant and equipment, net		$	193,121		$	233,247

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $5.5 million and $5.0 million, respectively. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $17.7 million and $16.1 million, respectively.

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company approved a plan to sell the Cody API business. As such, all assets, including property, plant and equipment totaling $36.8 million, and liabilities associated with the Cody API business are recorded in the assets and liabilities held for sale captions in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. In addition, as part of the held for sale classification, the Company is required to record the assets of the Cody API business at fair value less costs to sell. The Company performed a fair value analysis which resulted in a $29.9 million impairment of the Cody API property, plant and equipment assets. See Note 22 “Assets Held for Sale” for more information. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company had no impairment charges related to property, plant and equipment.

Property, plant and equipment, net included amounts held in foreign countries in the amount of $1.3 million and $1.1 million at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s financial instruments recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and debt obligations. Included in cash and cash equivalents are certificates of deposit with maturities less than or equal to three months at the date of purchase and money market funds. The carrying value of certain financial instruments, primarily cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their estimated fair values based upon the short-term nature of their maturity dates.

The Company follows the authoritative guidance of ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The

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authoritative guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are entirely within Level 1 of the hierarchy as defined below:

Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Directly or indirectly observable inputs, other than quoted prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are material to the fair value of the asset or liability. Financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation are examples of Level 3 assets and liabilities.

If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Reported, at Fair Value

The fair value of our long-term debt was approximately $770 million and $893 million as of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. We estimate the fair value of our debt utilizing market quotations for debt that have quoted prices in active markets. Since our debt does not trade on a daily basis in an active market, the fair value estimates are based on market observable inputs based on borrowing rates currently available for debt with similar terms and average maturities (Level 2).

Note 9. Investment Securities

The Company uses the specific identification method to determine the cost of securities sold, which consisted entirely of equity securities classified as trading.

In May 2018, the Company liquidated the remainder of the investment securities portfolio. As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company does not own investment securities.

The Company had a net gain on investment securities of $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018, which included an unrealized loss related to securities still held at March 31, 2018 of $1.6 million.

The Company had a net gain on investment securities of $3.2 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2018, which included an unrealized loss related to securities still held at March 31, 2018 of $0.4 million.

Note 10. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

(In thousands)	Generic Pharmaceuticals
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	339,566
Goodwill acquired	—
Impairment	(339,566		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	—

On August 17, 2018, JSP notified the Company that it would not extend or renew the JSP Distribution Agreement when the current term expires on March 23, 2019. The Company determined that JSP’s decision represented a triggering event under U.S. GAAP to perform an analysis to determine the potential for impairment of goodwill. On October 4, 2018, the Company completed the analysis based on market data and concluded a full impairment of goodwill was required.

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Intangible assets, net as of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, consisted of the following:

	Weighted	Gross Carrying Amount				Accumulated Amortization						Intangible Assets, Net
(In thousands)	Avg. Life (Yrs.)	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018		March 31, 2019			June 30, 2018			March 31, 2019		June 30, 2018

Definite-lived:
Cody Labs import license	15	$	—	$	581	$	—		$	(386	)	$	—	$	195
KUPI product rights	15	416,154		416,154		(90,648		)	(69,840		)	325,506		346,314
KUPI trade name	2	2,920		2,920		(2,920		)	(2,920		)	—		—
KUPI other intangible assets	15	19,000		19,000		(4,245		)	(3,295		)	14,755		15,705
Silarx product rights	15	10,000		10,000		(2,556		)	(2,056		)	7,444		7,944
Other product rights	13	21,692		19,693		(3,873		)	(1,875		)	17,819		17,818
Total definite-lived		$	469,766	$	468,348	$	(104,242	)	$	(80,372	)	$	365,524	$	387,976

Indefinite-lived:
KUPI in-process research and development	—	$	18,000	$	18,000	$	—		$	—		$	18,000	$	18,000
Silarx in-process research and development	—	18,000		18,000		—			—			18,000		18,000
Other product rights	—	449		449		—			—			449		449
Total indefinite-lived		36,449		36,449		—			—			36,449		36,449
Total intangible assets, net		$	506,215	$	504,797	$	(104,242	)	$	(80,372	)	$	401,973	$	424,425

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded amortization expense of $7.9 million and $8.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded amortization expense of $24.3 million and $24.6 million, respectively.

Future annual amortization expense consisted of the following as of March 31, 2019:

(In thousands) Fiscal Year Ending June 30,	Annual Amortization Expense
2019	$	7,808
2020	31,232
2021	31,232
2022	31,232
2023	31,232
Thereafter	232,788
	$	365,524

Note 11. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt, net consisted of the following:

	March 31,			June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Term Loan A due 2020; 7.50% as of March 31, 2019	$	198,605		$	227,276
Unamortized discount and other debt issuance costs	(7,177		)	(10,178		)
Term Loan A, net	191,428			217,098
Term Loan B due 2022; 7.87% as of March 31, 2019	624,304			670,011
Unamortized discount and other debt issuance costs	(37,546		)	(47,839		)
Term Loan B, net	586,758			622,172
Revolving Credit Facility due 2020	—			—
Total debt, net	778,186			839,270
Less short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	(66,845		)	(66,845		)
Total long-term debt, net	$	711,341		$	772,425

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On December 10, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Senior Secured Credit Facility and the Credit and Guaranty Agreement. Pursuant to the amendment, the Secured Net Leverage Ratio applicable to the financial leverage ratio covenant was increased from 3:25:1.00 to 4.25:1.00 as of December 31, 2019 and prior to September 30, 2020, and then to 4:00:1:00 as of September 30, 2020. In exchange, the Company agreed to include a minimum liquidity covenant of $75 million, a 25-basis point increase to the interest rate margin paid on the Term A Loans and pay a consent fee equal to 50 basis points, paid only to consenting lenders.

Long-term debt amounts due, for the twelve-month periods ending March 31 are as follows:

	Amounts Payable
(In thousands)	to Institutions
2020	$	66,845
2021	210,450
2022	39,344
2023	506,270
Total	$	822,909

Note 12. Legal, Regulatory Matters and Contingencies

State Attorneys General Inquiry into the Generic Pharmaceutical Industry

In July 2014, the Company received interrogatories and subpoena from the State of Connecticut Office of the Attorney General concerning its investigation into the pricing of digoxin. According to the subpoena, the Connecticut Attorney General is investigating whether anyone engaged in any activities that resulted in (a) fixing, maintaining or controlling prices of digoxin or (b) allocating and dividing customers or territories relating to the sale of digoxin in violation of Connecticut antitrust law. In June 2016, the Connecticut Attorney General issued interrogatories and a subpoena to an employee of the Company in order to gain access to documents and responses previously supplied to the Department of Justice. In December 2016, the Connecticut Attorney General, joined by numerous other State Attorneys General, filed a civil complaint alleging that six pharmaceutical companies engaged in anti-competitive behavior related to doxycycline hyclate and gliburide. The Company was not named in the action and does not compete on the products that formed the basis of the complaint. The complaint was later transferred for pretrial purposes to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania as part of a multidistrict litigation captioned In re: Generic Pharmaceuticals Pricing Antitrust Litigation. On October 31, 2017, the state Attorneys General filed a motion in the District Court for leave to amend their complaint to add numerous additional defendants, including the Company, and claims relating to 13 additional drugs. The claim relating to Lannett involves alleged price-fixing for one drug, doxycycline monohydrate, but does not involve the pricing for digoxin. The state Attorneys General also allege that all defendants were part of an overarching, industry-wide conspiracy to allocate markets and fix prices generally. The Court granted that motion on June 5, 2018. The state Attorneys General filed their amended complaint on June 15, 2018. None of the defendants, including the Company, has responded yet to the amended complaint. On May 1, 2019, the Company and one of its employees, along with other generic pharmaceutical manufacturers, received written notice from various state Attorneys General that they intend to bring claims alleging price fixing and anti-competitive behavior with respect to additional drug products, some of which are manufactured and distributed by the Company. Another employee of the Company received notice that the Attorneys General intend to bring claims for the employee’s activities while employed by another company and not while employed at Lannett. The Company does not know when such claims will be filed, what allegations will be made against the Company or any of its employees or other affiliated individuals, or whether allegations against the Company will be related to any of the additional drug products identified in the notice.

The Company maintains that it acted in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and continues to cooperate with the State Attorneys General investigation.

Federal Investigation into the Generic Pharmaceutical Industry

The Company and certain affiliated individuals and customers have been served with grand jury subpoenas relating to a federal investigation of the generic pharmaceutical industry into possible violations of the Sherman Act. The subpoenas request corporate documents of the Company relating to corporate, financial and employee information, communications or correspondence with competitors regarding the sale of generic prescription medications and the marketing, sale, or pricing of certain products, generally for the period of 2005 through the dates of the subpoenas.

The Company received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the Department of Justice on May 14, 2018. The CID requests information regarding allegations that the generic pharmaceutical industry engaged in market allocation, price fixing, payment of illegal remuneration and submission of false claims. The CID requests information from 2009-present. The Company is in the process of responding to the CID.

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Based on reviews performed to date by outside counsel, the Company currently believes that it has acted in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and continues to cooperate with the federal investigation.

Texas Medicaid Investigation

In August 2015, KUPI received a letter from the Texas Office of the Attorney General alleging that it had inaccurately reported certain price information in violation of the Texas Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act. UCB, KUPI’s previous parent company is handling the defense and is evaluating the allegations and cooperating with the Texas Attorney General’s Office. Per the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement between the Company and UCB (“Stock Purchase Agreement”) dated September 2, 2015, the Company is fully indemnified for any pre-acquisition amounts. In December 2018, KUPI and the State of Texas settled the allegations for the sum of $8.0 million, which is fully indemnified by UCB. UCB forwarded the $8.0 million to KUPI in December 2018 and, following its receipt of the fully executed settlement agreement, KUPI forwarded the settlement funds to the State of Texas in January 2019.

Government Pricing

During the quarter ended December 31, 2016, the Company completed a contract compliance review, for the period January 1, 2012 through June 30, 2016, for one of KUPI’s government-entity customers. As a result of the review, the Company identified certain commercial customer prices and other terms that were not properly disclosed to the government-entity resulting in potential overcharges. As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company’s best estimate of the liability for potential overcharges was approximately $9.3 million. For the period January 1, 2012 through November 24, 2015 (“the pre-acquisition period”), the Company is fully indemnified per the Stock Purchase Agreement. Accordingly, the Company has recorded an indemnification asset and related liability of $8.3 million related to the pre-acquisition period. The Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of this matter will have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

EPA Violation Notice

On July 13, 2017, the United States Department of Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) sent a Finding of Violation to KUPI alleging several violations of national emissions standards for hazardous air pollutants at KUPI’s Seymour, Indiana facility. The EPA and KUPI have entered into an agreed Administrative Consent Order and Consent Assessment and Final Order to resolve the alleged violations, whereby KUPI made a payment of $60,000 to the EPA and escrowed the sum of $225,000 to be used to fund an environmental project. The Orders were fully executed on December 31, 2018.

Private Antitrust and Consumer Protection Litigation

The Company and certain competitors have been named as defendants in a number of lawsuits filed in 2016 and 2017 alleging that the Company and certain generic pharmaceutical manufacturers have conspired to fix prices of generic digoxin, levothyroxine, ursodiol and baclofen. These cases are part of a larger group of more than 100 lawsuits generally alleging that over 30 generic pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors conspired to fix prices for at least 18 different generic drugs in violation of the federal Sherman Act, various state antitrust laws, and various state consumer protection statutes. The United States also has been granted leave to intervene in the cases. On April 6, 2017, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (the “JPML”) ordered that all of the cases alleging price-fixing for generic drugs be consolidated for pretrial proceedings in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania under the caption In re: Generic Pharmaceuticals Pricing Antitrust Litigation. The various plaintiffs are grouped into three categories — Direct Purchaser Plaintiffs, End Payer Plaintiffs, and Indirect Reseller Purchasers — and filed Consolidated Amended Complaints (“CACs”) against the Company and the other defendants on August 15, 2017.

The CACs naming the Company as a defendant involve generic digoxin, levothyroxine, ursodiol and baclofen. Pursuant to a court-ordered schedule grouping the 18 different drug cases into three separate tranches, the Company and other generic pharmaceutical manufacturer defendants on October 6, 2017 filed joint and individual motions to dismiss the CACs involving the six drugs in the first tranche, including digoxin. On October 16, 2018, the Court (with one exception) denied defendants’ motions to dismiss plaintiffs’ Sherman Act claims with respect to the drugs in the first tranche. On March 15, 2019, the Company and other defendants filed answers to the Sherman Act claims. In addition, on February 15, 2019, the Court granted defendants’ motions to dismiss certain of the plaintiffs’ state law claims brought under the laws of Illinois, Rhode Island, Georgia, South Carolina, Montana, West Virginia, Alabama, New Jersey, Michigan and Nevada, but denied the remainder of defendants’ motions to dismiss. The Court set a deadline of April 1, 2019 for certain plaintiffs to amend their existing complaints to reflect the rulings set forth in the Court’s February 15, 2019 ruling on the state law motions to dismiss. Those plaintiffs amended their complaints, but further motions to dismiss the state-law claims have been deferred until the Court decides pending motions to dismiss the plaintiffs’ various overarching-conspiracy claims.

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On January 22, 2018, three opt-out direct purchasers filed a complaint alleging an overarching conspiracy and individual conspiracies on behalf of the Company and numerous other defendants to fix the prices of and allocate markets for at least 30 different drugs, including digoxin, doxycycline, levothyroxine, ursodiol and baclofen. On August 3, 2018, another opt-out direct purchaser filed a complaint alleging an overarching conspiracy and individual conspiracies on behalf of the Company and numerous other defendants to fix the prices of and allocate markets for 16 different drugs, including digoxin, doxycycline, levothyroxine, ursodiol and baclofen. On February 21, 2019, the Company and the other defendants filed motions to dismiss the overarching conspiracy claims. Briefing for those motions is ongoing and is scheduled to be completed by June 13, 2019. On January 16, 2019, another opt-out direct purchaser filed a complaint alleging an overarching conspiracy and individual conspiracies on behalf of the Company and numerous other defendants to fix the prices of and allocate markets for the 30 different drugs, including digoxin, doxycycline, levothyroxine, ursodiol, baclofen and acetazolamide. None of the defendants, including the Company, has responded yet to this particular complaint.

In addition to the lawsuits brought by private plaintiffs, the Attorneys General of 48 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico have filed parens patriae lawsuits alleging price-fixing conspiracies by various generic pharmaceutical manufacturers. The JPML has consolidated the suits by the state Attorneys General in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania as part of the multidistrict litigation. The original lawsuits did not name the Company, but the state Attorneys General filed an amended complaint on June 5, 2018 to add numerous additional defendants, including the Company, and claims relating to 13 additional drugs. The claim relating to Lannett involves alleged price-fixing for one drug, doxycycline monohydrate, although the state Attorneys General allege that all defendants were part of an overarching, industry-wide conspiracy to allocate markets and fix prices generally. On February 21, 2019, the Company and the other defendants filed motions to dismiss the overarching conspiracy claims. Briefing for those motions is ongoing and is scheduled to be completed by June 13, 2019.

Following the lead of the state Attorneys General, the Direct Purchaser Plaintiffs, End Payer Plaintiffs and Indirect Reseller Plaintiffs have filed their own complaints also alleging an overarching conspiracy, making similar allegations to those contained in the state Attorneys General complaint, relating to 14 generic drugs in the End Payer complaint and 15 generic drugs in the Indirect Reseller complaint. The End Payer Plaintiffs filed their complaint on June 7, 2018, the Indirect Reseller Plaintiffs filed their complaint on June 18, 2018, and the Direct Purchaser Plaintiffs filed their complaint on June 22, 2018. Although the complaints allege an overarching conspiracy with respect to all of the drugs identified, the specific allegations related to drugs Lannett makes involve acetazolamide and doxycycline monohydrate. On February 21, 2019, the Company and the other defendants filed motions to dismiss the overarching conspiracy claims. Briefing for those motions is ongoing and is scheduled to be completed by June 13, 2019.

On September 25, 2018, two other alleged direct purchasers filed a purported class action complaint alleging an overreaching, industry-wide horizontal and vertical conspiracy involving the company, other generic pharmaceutical manufacturers, and various pharmaceutical distributors to allocate markets and fix prices generally for a variety of generic drugs. The case has been added to the multidistrict litigation. On December 21, 2018, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. On February 21, 2019, the Company and the other defendants filed motions to dismiss the overarching conspiracy claims. Briefing for those motions is ongoing and is scheduled to be completed by June 13, 2019.

The Company believes that it acted in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. Accordingly, the Company disputes the allegations set forth in these class actions.

Shareholder Litigation

In November 2016, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against the Company and two of its officers claiming that the Company damaged the purported class by including in its securities filings false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s drug pricing methodologies and internal controls. An amended complaint was filed in May 2017, and the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint in September 2017. In December 2017, counsel for the putative class filed a second amended complaint, and the Court denied as moot the Company’s motion to dismiss the first amended complaint. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint in February 2018. In July 2018, the court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the second amended complaint. In September 2018, counsel for the putative class filed a third amended complaint. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the third amended complaint in November 2018. In February 2019, counsel for the putative class filed a brief in opposition to the Company’s motion to dismiss. In March 2019, the Company filed a reply brief in support of its motion to dismiss. The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of the suit at this time.

In July 2018, a shareholder derivative complaint was filed against the Company and certain of its current and former directors and executives in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. The derivative complaint alleges that the Company engaged in an illegal conspiracy to fix generic drug prices and that the Company’s directors and executives violated their fiduciary duties by allowing the Company to violate the applicable laws and regulations and failing to take any action to curtail management’s deliberate price-fixing scheme. The derivative complaint includes causes of action for violation of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, violation of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act, violation of Section 29(a) of the Exchange Act, and for breach of fiduciary duty. In October 2018, the Court issued an order stating the derivative suit for all purposes for a period of 180 days or until the Court issues an order on the motion to dismiss the third amended complaint filed in the matter of Utesch v. Lannett Co., Inc., et al., No. 2:16cv-05932, whichever is later. The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of the suit at this time.

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In October 2018, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against the Company and two of its officers in the federal court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, alleging that the Company, its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer damaged the purported class by making false and misleading statements in connection with the possible renewal of the JSP Distribution Agreement. The Company and the corporate executives named in the complaint deny that they made any false or misleading statements. In December 2018, counsel for the putative class filed an amended complaint. The Company moved to dismiss the amended complaint in January 2019. In March 2019, the Court granted in part and denied in part the Company’s motion to dismiss. The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of this suit at this time.

In December 2018, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors received a letter sent on behalf of two purported shareholders demanding that the Company’s Board of Directors investigate and commence legal proceedings against certain former and/or current directors, officers, and agents of the Company relating to alleged breaches of fiduciary duties, corporate waste, and unjust enrichment. The Company and the Company’s Board of Directors responded to the demand letter by requesting that the purported shareholders provide proof of their status as shareholders of the Company. In January 2019, the Company and the Company’s Board of Directors received a reply to the letter sent in response to the demand letter and reviewed the information provided. The Company and the Company’s Board of Directors subsequently requested additional documentation from the purported shareholders relating to their status as shareholders of the Company and received a response to that request in late January 2019. Thereafter, the Company’s Board of Directors formed a special committee to investigate the allegations made in the demand letter. The special committee retained independent counsel to assist it in connection with its investigation, which is ongoing. At this time the Company cannot reasonably predict what outcome, if any, will follow from the Company and the Company’s Board of Director’s receipt of the demand letter.

Genus Life Sciences

In December 2018, Genus Lifesciences, Inc. (“Genus”) sued the Company, Cody Labs, and others in California federal court, alleging violations of the Lanham Act, Sherman Act, and California false advertising law. Genus received FDA approval for a cocaine hydrochloride product in December 2018, and its claims are premised in part on allegations that the Company falsely advertises its unapproved cocaine hydrochloride product, C-Topical. The Company denies that it is falsely advertising its C-Topical product and continues to market its unapproved product relying on the Guidance for FDA Staff and Industry, Marketed Unapproved Drugs — Compliance Policy Guide, pending approval of its 505(b)(2) application. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. On May 3, 2019, the Court issued a written decision granting in part and denying in part the motion to dismiss. The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of this suit at this time.

Patent Infringement (Paragraph IV Certification)

There is substantial litigation in the pharmaceutical industry with respect to the manufacture, use and sale of new products which are the subject of conflicting patent and intellectual property claims. Certain of these claims relate to paragraph IV certifications, which allege that an innovator patent is invalid or would not be infringed upon by the manufacture, use, or sale of the new drug.

Zomig®

The Company filed with the FDA an ANDA No. 206350, along with a paragraph IV certification, alleging that the two patents associated with the Zomig® nasal spray product (U.S. Patent No. 6,750,237 and U.S. Patent No. 67,220,767) are invalid.

In July 2014, AstraZeneca AB, AstraZeneca UK Limited and Impax Laboratories, Inc. filed two patent infringement lawsuits in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, alleging that the Company’s filing of ANDA No. 206350 constitutes an act of patent infringement and seeking a declaration that the two patents at issue are valid and infringed.

In September 2014, the Company filed a motion to dismiss one patent infringement lawsuit for lack of standing and responded to the second lawsuit by denying that any valid patent claim would be infringed. In the second lawsuit, the Company also counterclaimed for a declaratory judgment that the patent claims are invalid and not infringed. The Court has consolidated the two actions and denied the motion to dismiss the first action without prejudice.

In July 2015, the Company filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) a Petition for Inter Partes Review of each of the patents in suit seeking to reject as invalid all claims of the patents in suit. The USPTO has issued a decision denying initiation of the Inter Partes Review.

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A trial was conducted in September 2016. The Court issued its decision on March 29, 2017, finding that Lannett did not prove that the patents at issue are invalid. The Company has appealed the decision. All briefing to the appellate court has been submitted, and oral argument before the appellate court was conducted on April 5, 2018. The appellate court issued an opinion on June 28, 2018, upholding the decision of the District Court. The Company requested a rehearing by the appellate court on August 13, 2018. The appellate court denied the request on September 14, 2018, and issued its mandate terminating the appeal on September 21, 2018.

Other Litigation Matters

The Company is also subject to various legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of its business including, but not limited to, product liability, intellectual property, patent infringement claims and antitrust matters. It is not possible to predict the outcome of these various proceedings. An adverse determination in any of these proceedings in the future could have a significant impact on the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.

Note 13. Commitments

Leases

The Company leases certain manufacturing and office equipment, in the ordinary course of business. These leases are typically renewed annually. Rental and lease expense was not material for all periods presented.

Future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year) for the remainder of Fiscal 2019 and the twelve-month periods ending June 30 thereafter are as follows:

(In thousands)	Amounts Due
Remainder of 2019	$	461
2020	1,855
2021	1,406
2022	1,080
2023	1,080
Thereafter	4,158
Total	$	10,040

Other Commitment

During the third quarter of Fiscal 2017, the Company signed an agreement with a company operating in the pharmaceutical business, under which the Company agreed to provide up to $15.0 million in revolving loans, which expires in seven years and bears interest at 2.0%, for the purpose of expansion and other business needs. The decision to provide any portion of the revolving loan is at the Company’s sole discretion. Prior to the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company had the option to convert the first $7.5 million into a 50% ownership interest in the entity. The board of the entity is comprised of five members, one of which is an employee of the Company.

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company sold 50% of the outstanding loan to a third party for $5.6 million and, in addition to assigning 50% of all right, title and interest in the loan and loan documents, the Company relinquished its right to convert a portion of the outstanding loan balance to an equity interest in the entity. As of March 31, 2019, $5.8 million was outstanding under the revolving loan and is included in other assets. Based on the guidance set forth in ASC 810-10 Consolidation, the Company has concluded that it has a variable interest in the entity. However, the Company is not the primary beneficiary to the entity and as such, is not required to consolidate the entity’s results of operations.

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Note 14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The Company’s Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss was comprised of the following components as of March 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018
Foreign Currency Translation
Beginning Balance, June 30	$	(515	)	$	(222	)
Net gain (loss) on foreign currency translation (net of tax of $0 and $0)	(56		)	(228		)
Reclassifications to net income (net of tax of $0 and $0)	—			—
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(56		)	(228		)
Ending Balance, March 31	(571		)	(450		)
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(571	)	$	(450	)

Note 15. Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

A dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is required on the face of the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations as well as a reconciliation of the computation of basic earnings per common share to diluted earnings per common share. Basic earnings (loss) per common share excludes the dilutive impact of potentially dilutive securities and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed using the treasury stock method and includes the effect of potential dilution from the exercise of outstanding stock options and treats unvested restricted stock and performance-based shares as if they were vested. Potentially dilutive securities have been excluded in the weighted average number of common shares used for the calculation of earnings per share in periods of net loss because the effect of including such securities would be anti-dilutive. A reconciliation of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share was as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except share and per share data)	2019		2018

Net income	$	10,645	$	12,770

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	37,842,224		37,136,945
Effect of potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock awards	1,488,623		1,150,060
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	39,330,847		38,287,005

Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.28	$	0.34
Diluted	$	0.27	$	0.33

	Nine Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except share and per share data)	2019			2018

Net income (loss)	$	(264,521	)	$	40,049

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	37,729,099			37,064,781
Effect of potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock awards	—			1,047,412
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	37,729,099			38,112,193

Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	(7.01	)	$	1.08
Diluted	$	(7.01	)	$	1.05

The number of anti-dilutive shares that have been excluded in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were 481 thousand and 3.0 million, respectively. The number of anti-dilutive shares that have been excluded in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were 2.0 million and 3.0 million, respectively.

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Note 16. Warrant

In connection with the KUPI acquisition on November 25, 2015, Lannett issued to UCB Manufacturing a warrant to purchase up to a total of 2.5 million shares of Lannett’s common stock (the “Warrant”).

The Warrant had a term of three years (expiring November 25, 2018) and an exercise price of $48.90 per share, subject to customary adjustments, including for stock splits, dividends and combinations. The Warrant also contained a “weighted average” anti-dilution adjustment provision. The fair value included as part of the total consideration transferred to UCB at the acquisition date was $29.9 million. The fair value assigned to the Warrant was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The Company concluded that the warrant was indexed to its own stock and therefore the Warrant was classified as an equity instrument. On November 25, 2018, the Warrant expired and was not exercised.

Note 17. Share-Based Compensation

At March 31, 2019, the Company had two share-based employee compensation plans (the 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan “LTIP” and the 2014 “LTIP”). Together these plans initially authorized an aggregate total of 4.5 million shares to be issued. On January 23, 2019, the shareholders of the Company approved an Amendment to and Restatement of the 2014 LTIP to increase the number of shares authorized to be issued by 2.0 million shares. As of March 31, 2019, the plans have a total of 2.7 million shares available for future issuances.

The Company issues share-based compensation awards with a vesting period ranging up to 3 years and a maximum contractual term of 10 years. The Company issues new shares of stock when stock options are exercised. As of March 31, 2019, there was $12.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation awards. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.

Stock Options

The Company measures share-based compensation cost for options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following table presents the weighted average assumptions used to estimate fair values of the stock options granted during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Nine Months Ended
	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018
Risk-free interest rate	2.9		%	2.12		%
Expected volatility	58.4		%	57.6		%
Expected dividend yield	—		%	—		%
Forfeiture rate	6.5		%	6.5		%
Expected term (in years)	5.3 years			5.4 years
Weighted average fair value	$	6.52		$	11.25

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the price of our common shares during the historical period equal to the expected term of the option. The Company uses historical information to estimate the expected term, which represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate for the period equal to the expected life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The forfeiture rate assumption is the estimated annual rate at which unvested awards are expected to be forfeited during the vesting period. This assumption is based on our actual forfeiture rate on historical awards. Periodically, management will assess whether it is necessary to adjust the estimated rate to reflect changes in actual forfeitures or changes in expectations. Additionally, the expected dividend yield is equal to zero, as the Company has not historically issued and has no immediate plans to issue, a dividend.

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A stock option roll-forward as of March 31, 2019 and changes during the nine months then ended, is presented below:

(In thousands, except for weighted average price and life data)	Awards		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (yrs.)

Outstanding at June 30, 2018	1,057		$	22.46	$	2,584	5.4
Granted	73		$	12.20
Exercised	(52	)	$	4.16	$	237
Forfeited, expired or repurchased	(376	)	$	33.57
Outstanding at March 31, 2019	702		$	16.81	$	751	5.0

Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2019	694		$	16.83	$	751	4.9
Exercisable at March 31, 2019	599		$	17.09	$	751	4.3

Restricted Stock

The Company measures restricted stock compensation costs based on the stock price at the grant date less an estimate for expected forfeitures. The annual forfeiture rate used to calculate compensation expense was 6.5% and 5.6% for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

A summary of restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2019 and changes during the nine months then ended, is presented below:

(In thousands, except for weighted average price and life data)	Awards		Weighted Average Grant - date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Non-vested at June 30, 2018	704		$	20.06
Granted	1,176		$	9.90
Vested	(407	)	$	20.04	$	3,918
Forfeited	(128	)	$	14.00
Non-vested at March 31, 2019	1,345		$	11.76

Performance-Based Shares

On September 22, 2017 and July 30, 2018, the Company approved and granted performance-based awards to certain key executives. The stock-settled awards will vest based on relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) over a three-year period. The Company measures share-based compensation cost for TSR awards using a Monte-Carlo simulation model.

A summary of performance-based share awards as of March 31, 2019 and changes during the current fiscal year, is presented below:

(In thousands, except for weighted average price and life data)	Awards	Weighted Average Grant - date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value

Non-vested at June 30, 2018	20	$	25.58
Granted	52	$	17.69
Vested	—	$	—	$	—
Forfeited	—	$	—
Non-vested at March 31, 2019	72	$	19.92

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In February 2003, the Company’s stockholders approved an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Employees eligible to participate in the ESPP may purchase shares of the Company’s stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the calendar quarter or the last day of the calendar quarter. Under the ESPP, employees can authorize the Company to withhold up to 10% of their compensation during any quarterly offering period, subject to certain limitations. The ESPP was implemented on April 1, 2003 and is qualified under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. The Board of Directors authorized an aggregate total of 1.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock for issuance under the ESPP. During the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, 143 thousand shares and 46 thousand shares were issued under the ESPP, respectively. As of March 31, 2019, 750 thousand total cumulative shares have been issued under the ESPP.

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The following table presents the allocation of share-based compensation costs recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations by financial statement line item:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	1,125	$	1,638	$	4,434	$	5,350
Research and development expenses	208		149		608		477
Cost of sales	656		478		1,932		1,191
Total	$	1,989	$	2,265	$	6,974	$	7,018

Tax benefit at statutory rate	$	447	$	668	$	1,569	$	2,070

Note 18. Employee Benefit Plan

The Company has a 401k defined contribution plan (the “Plan”) covering substantially all employees. Pursuant to the Plan provisions, the Company is required to make matching contributions equal to 50% of each employee’s contribution, not to exceed 4% of the employee’s compensation for the Plan year. Contributions to the Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Contributions to the Plan during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were $1.7 million.

Note 19. Income Taxes

The Company uses the liability method to account for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities as measured by the enacted tax rates which will be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax expense (benefit) is the result of changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The federal, state and local income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $1.4 million compared to an income tax benefit of $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were 11.3% and (21.7)%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily due to a revision in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 of a provisional calculation pursuant to 2017 Tax Reform for timing items related to the filing of its Fiscal 2017 tax return. The increase was partially offset by additional changes included in 2017 Tax Reform, which resulted in a federal statutory tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 of 21% compared to a blended federal statutory tax rate of 28% in the prior-year period as well as a discrete tax benefit recorded in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 related to the Company’s foreign subsidiary.

The federal, state and local income tax benefit for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was $71.6 million compared to income tax expense of $23.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2018. The effective tax rates for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were 21.3% and 36.8%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was lower compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2018 primarily due to the application of 2017 Tax Reform in the prior-year period, which resulted in a revaluation of the Company’s net long term deferred tax assets. In addition, the federal statutory tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was 21% compared to a blended federal statutory tax rate of 28% in the prior-year period.

As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company has total unrecognized tax benefits of $2.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively, which would impact the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. As a result of the positions taken during the period, the Company has not recorded any interest and penalties for the period ended March 31, 2019 in the statement of operations and no cumulative interest and penalties have been recorded either in the Company’s statement of financial position as of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018. The Company will recognize interest accrued on unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and any related penalties in operating expenses.

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As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company had net long term deferred tax assets of $102.5 million and $22.1 million, respectively. The significant increase was primarily a result of the goodwill impairment charge recorded in the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, which negatively impacted book income, but is excluded from the calculation of taxable income.

The Company files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various states. The Company’s tax returns for Fiscal Year 2015 and prior generally are no longer subject to review as such years generally are closed. The Company’s Fiscal Year 2016 federal return is currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). The Company cannot reasonably predict the outcome of the examination at this time. In July 2018, the Company was notified that the IRS will also expand their examination to include the Company’s Fiscal 2015 and Fiscal 2017 federal returns. In October 2018, the Company was notified that the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania will conduct a routine field audit of the Company’s Fiscal 2016 and Fiscal 2017 corporate tax returns.

Note 20. Related Party Transactions

The Company had sales of $0.9 million and $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, to a generic distributor, Auburn Pharmaceutical Company (“Auburn”), which is a member of the Premier Buying Group. Sales to Auburn for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were $2.4 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Jeffrey Farber, a current board member, is the owner of Auburn. Accounts receivable includes amounts due from Auburn of $0.8 million and $0.6 million at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

The Company also had sales of $0.5 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, to a generic distributor, KeySource, which is a member of the OptiSource Buying Group. Sales to KeySource for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were $2.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Albert Paonessa, a current board member, was appointed the CEO of KeySource in May 2017. Accounts receivable includes amounts due from KeySource of $0.6 million and $0.5 million as of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

The Company incurred no expenses during the three months ending March 31, 2019 and incurred $0.4 million of expenses during the nine months ended March 31, 2019, respectively, for online medical benefit services provided by a subsidiary of a variable interest entity. See Note 13 “Commitments” for more information. There were no amounts due to the variable interest entity as of March 31, 2019. The liability was not material to the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018.

Note 21. Material Contracts with Suppliers

Jerome Stevens Pharmaceuticals Distribution Agreement:

The Company’s primary finished goods inventory supplier through March 23, 2019 was JSP, in Bohemia, New York. Purchases of finished goods inventory from JSP accounted for approximately 40% and 37% of the Company’s inventory purchases in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Purchases of finished goods inventory from JSP accounted for approximately 36% of the Company’s inventory purchases in the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

On August 19, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with JSP to extend its initial contract to continue as the exclusive distributor in the United States of three JSP products: Butalbital, Aspirin, Caffeine with Codeine Phosphate Capsules USP; Digoxin Tablets USP; and Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets USP. The amendment to the original agreement extended the initial contract, which was due to expire on March 22, 2014, for five years through March 2019. In connection with the amendment, the Company issued a total of 1.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock to JSP and JSP’s designees. In accordance with its policy related to renewal and extension costs for recognized intangible assets, the Company recorded a $20.1 million expense in cost of sales, which represents the fair value of the shares on August 19, 2013. On March 23, 2019, the JSP Distribution Agreement expired and was not renewed or extended.

Note 22. Assets Held for Sale

Cody API Business

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company approved a plan to sell the Cody API business, which includes the manufacturing and distribution of active pharmaceutical ingredients for use in finished goods production. As such, all assets and liabilities associated with the Cody API business are recorded in the assets and liabilities held for sale captions in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. As part of the held for sale classification, the Company recorded the assets of the Cody API business at fair value less costs to sell. The Company performed a fair value analysis which resulted in a $29.9 million impairment of the Cody long-lived assets.

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The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the Cody API business as of March 31, 2019:

(In thousands)	March 31, 2019
Assets
Inventories	$	3,517
Other current assets	334
Property, plant and equipment	6,905
Intangible assets, net	166
Other assets	804
Total assets held for sale	$	11,726
Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	238
Accrued expenses	129
Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses	480
Total liabilities held for sale	$	847

The following table summarizes the financial results of the Cody API business for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net sales	$	—		$	749		$	2,142		$	1,835
Pretax loss attributable to Cody API business	(2,502		)	(4,920		)	(41,837		)	(14,877		)

The loss attributable to the Cody API business during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 includes the $29.9 million impairment charge to adjust the long-lived assets to their fair value less costs to sell.

Townsend Road Facility

In the third quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the Townsend Road facility located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for $4.4 million. The carrying value of the property is included within the Assets Held for Sale line of the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. The Company discontinued distribution from its Townsend Road facility in January 2019. The Company intends to finalize the sale by the end of Fiscal 2019.

Note 23. Amneal Distribution and Transition Support Agreement

On November 9, 2018, the Company entered into the Amneal Agreement, pursuant to which Amneal was the Company’s sole customer for Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets USP (the “Product”) from December 1, 2018 through March 23, 2019 and Amneal would re-sell the Product to its customers. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $50 million, which guaranteed the Company $50 million of gross profit on approximately $80 million of net sales of the Product during the term of the Agreement, subject to certain adjustments. The Company continued to distribute Butalbital, Aspirin, Caffeine with Codeine Phosphate Capsules USP and Digoxin Tablets USP pursuant to its distribution agreement with JSP through March 23, 2019. Upon the effective date of the agreement on December 1, 2018, the Company received an upfront payment of $43.0 million, which was recorded as deferred revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, with the remaining $7.0 million to be received on February 1, 2019. In February 2019, the agreement was amended to allow the Company to sell through additional Product to other customers. As of March 31, 2019, all amounts under the Agreement were fully recognized and recorded in the Statement of Operations.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements

This Report on Form 10-Q and certain information incorporated herein by reference contains forward-looking statements which are not historical facts made pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not promises or guarantees and investors are cautioned that all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the impact of competitive products and pricing, product demand and market acceptance, new product development, acquisition-related challenges, the regulatory environment, interest rate fluctuations, reliance on key strategic alliances, availability of raw materials, fluctuations in operating results and other risks detailed from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These statements are based on management’s current expectations and are naturally subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. We caution you not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date made. Lannett is under no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any such obligation to, update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

The following information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018. All references to “Fiscal 2019” or “Fiscal Year 2019” shall mean the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019 and all references to “Fiscal 2018” or “Fiscal Year 2018” shall mean the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018.

Company Overview

Lannett Company, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”, “Lannett”, “we” or “us”) primarily develop, manufacture, package, market and distribute solid oral and extended release (tablets and capsules), topical, liquids, nasal and oral solution finished dosage forms of drugs, generic forms of both small molecule and biologic medications, that address a wide range of therapeutic areas. Certain of these products are manufactured by others and distributed by the Company. Additionally, the Company is pursuing partnerships, research contracts and internal expansion for the development and production of other dosage forms including: ophthalmic, nasal, patch, foam, buccal, sublingual, suspensions, soft gel, injectable and oral dosages.

On November 25, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of Kremers Urban Pharmaceutical, Inc. (“KUPI”), the former subsidiary of global biopharmaceuticals company UCB S.A. KUPI is a specialty pharmaceuticals manufacturer focused on the development of products that are difficult to formulate or utilize specialized delivery technologies. Strategic benefits of the acquisition include expanded manufacturing capacity, a diversified product portfolio and pipeline and complementary research and development expertise.

JSP Distribution Agreement

On March 23, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with JSP (the “JSP Distribution Agreement”) for the exclusive distribution rights in the United States to four different JSP products, in exchange for 4.0 million shares of the Company’s common stock. On August 19, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with JSP to extend the JSP Distribution Agreement to continue as the exclusive distributor in the United States of three JSP products: Butalbital, Aspirin, Caffeine with Codeine Phosphate Capsules USP; Digoxin Tablets USP; and Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets USP. The amendment to the JSP Distribution Agreement extended the term of the initial contract, which was due to expire on March 22, 2014, for five years through March 23, 2019. In connection with the amendment, the Company issued a total of 1.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock to JSP and JSP’s designees.

Net sales of JSP products totaled $253.1 million and $201.7 million in Fiscal Year 2018 and the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2019, respectively. Of that amount, Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets USP net sales totaled $245.9 million and $197.6 million in Fiscal Year 2018 and the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2019, respectively. Gross margins were approximately 60% in Fiscal Year 2018 and the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2019, respectively.

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On March 23, 2019, the JSP Distribution Agreement expired and was not renewed or extended.

Because products covered by the JSP Distribution Agreement generated a significant portion of our revenues and gross profits, JSP’s decision not to renew or extend its distribution agreement with us will materially adversely affect our future operating results and cash flows beginning in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019. When announced on August 20, 2018, this resulted in a significant decline in the Company’s market capitalization.

As noted above, JSP’s decision not to renew or extend its distribution agreement with us will materially adversely affect our future operating results, liquidity and cash flows, which could impact our ability to comply with the financial and other covenants in our Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility. On December 10, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Senior Secured Credit Facility and the Credit and Guaranty Agreement. Pursuant to the amendment, the Secured Net Leverage Ratio applicable to the financial leverage ratio covenant was increased from 3.25:1.00 to 4.25:1.00 as of December 31, 2019 and prior to September 30, 2020, and then to 4.00:1:00 as of September 30, 2020. As of March 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants. As of March 31, 2019, cash and cash equivalents totaled $205.2 million in addition to availability under our undrawn Revolver totaling $125.0 million.

Based on its projections over the next twelve months, the Company expects to have sufficient liquidity and cash flows to meet its operating and debt service requirements for at least the next twelve months from the issuance of the March 31, 2019 consolidated financial statements. The Company also expects to be in compliance with its financial covenants during the same period.

Although management cannot predict with certainty the precise impact its plans will have on offsetting the loss of the JSP Distribution Agreement, management is continuing to finalize plans to offset the impact of the loss on a short- and long-term basis. These plans currently include, among other things, an emphasis on reducing cost of sales, research and development (“R&D”) and selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses; continuing to accelerate new product launches; increasing the level of strategic partnerships; and reducing capital expenditures. To that end, the Company has already launched more than 15 new products since January 2018, which are expected to generate annualized net sales of approximately $75 million, and plans to maintain this pace going forward. The Company has also signed several distribution and in-licensing agreements during this fiscal year that will provide immediate contribution margins in the near future. Additionally, the Company continues to supplement existing in-process cost reduction plans with additional cost savings initiatives, which is expected to generate annualized cost savings of approximately $66.0 million by the end of Fiscal 2020 when compared to the Fiscal 2018 expenses, of which approximately half will be reinvested into other business growth opportunities. Management will also continue its emphasis on accelerating ANDA filings, as evidenced by the five ANDAs filed with the FDA in the first half of Fiscal 2019. Management also plans to attempt, at the appropriate time, to refinance a significant portion of its outstanding long-term debt to reduce principal repayment requirements and eliminate existing financial covenants, which we expect will increase related interest expense, but will positively impact short-term cash flows.

Amneal Distribution and Transition Support Agreement

On November 9, 2018, the Company entered into the Amneal Agreement, pursuant to which Amneal was the Company’s sole customer for Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets USP (the “Product”) from December 1, 2018 through March 23, 2019 and Amneal would re-sell the Product to its customers. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $50 million, which guaranteed the Company $50 million of gross profit on approximately $80 million of net sales of the Product during the term of the Agreement, subject to certain adjustments. The Company continued to distribute Butalbital, Aspirin, Caffeine with Codeine Phosphate Capsules USP and Digoxin Tablets USP pursuant to its distribution agreement with JSP through March 23, 2019. Upon the effective date of the agreement on December 1, 2018, the Company received an upfront payment of $43.0 million, which was recorded as deferred revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, with the remaining $7.0 million received on February 1, 2019. In February 2019, the agreement was amended to allow the Company to sell through additional Product to other customers. As of March 31, 2019, all amounts under the Agreement were fully recognized and recorded in the Statement of Operations.

Sale of Cody API Business

The Company is analyzing and exploring various financing and operational courses to improve the Company’s base business, including a focus on nearer term opportunities and an overall strategic shift toward the Company’s core competencies and optimization of its cost structure. In connection therewith, the Company approved a plan in September 2018 to sell the Cody API business. As part of its decision, the Company considered (i) the Cody API business’s timeline to profitability, (ii) continuing investment needed to be competitive and (iii) the reduction to the Company’s operating expenses, estimated to be approximately $18 million on an annualized basis, that would result from a sale of the Cody API business. Excluded from the sale will be the manufacturing of the finished dosage form of the Company’s Cocaine Hydrochloride product line.

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As a result of the decision to sell the Cody API business, all of the assets, excluding the Cocaine Hydrochloride product line mentioned above, and all of the liabilities associated with the Cody API business, are classified as assets and liabilities held for sale on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019, with such assets and liabilities recorded at fair value less costs to sell. As a result of a fair value analysis of the Cody API business, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $29.9 million in the first quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Cody Restructuring Plan

On June 29, 2018, the Company announced a restructuring plan related to the future of Cody Laboratories, Inc. and the Company’s operations (the “Cody Restructuring Plan”). The plan focuses on a more select set of opportunities which will result in streamlined operations, improved efficiencies and a reduced cost structure. The Company currently estimates that it will incur approximately $4.5 million of total costs to implement the Cody Restructuring Plan, comprised primarily of approximately $2.5 million of severance and employee-related costs. These amounts are preliminary estimates based on the information currently available to management. It is possible that additional charges and future cash payments could occur in relation to the restructuring actions.

2016 Restructuring Plan

On February 1, 2016, in connection with the acquisition of KUPI, the Company announced a plan related to the future integration of KUPI and the Company’s operations (the “2016 Restructuring Program”). The plan focused on the closure of KUPI’s corporate functions and the consolidation of manufacturing, sales, research and development and distribution functions. The restructuring activities under the 2016 Restructuring Program are complete as of March 31, 2019. The Company incurred an aggregate of approximately $21.0 million in restructuring charges for actions that have been announced or communicated since the 2016 Restructuring Program began. Of this amount, approximately $11.0 million related to employee separation costs, approximately $1.0 million related to contract termination costs and approximately $9.0 million related to facility closures costs and other actions. In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company ceased manufacturing functions at its State Road facility in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Company discontinued distribution from its Townsend Road facility in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as of January 31, 2019. The Company has entered into an agreement to sell its Townsend Road facility and expects to finalize the sale by the end of Fiscal 2019.

Financial Summary

For the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2019, net sales decreased to $172.8 million compared to $174.4 million in the same prior-year period. Gross profit decreased to $65.3 million compared to $67.1 million in the prior-year period and gross profit percentage remained consistent at 38% to the prior-year period. R&D expenses increased to $9.8 million compared to $2.7 million in the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2018 while SG&A expenses increased to $21.6 million from $14.1 million in the prior-year period. Restructuring expenses decreased to $0.5 million from $1.4 million in the prior-year period. Operating income for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2019 was $33.4 million compared to $33.3 million, which included a $15.5 million loss on sale of an intangible asset, in the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2018. Net income for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2019 was $10.6 million, or $0.27 per diluted share compared to $12.8 million, or $0.33 per diluted share in the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2018.

For the first nine months of Fiscal 2019, net sales increased to $521.6 million compared to $513.7 million in the same prior-year period. Gross profit decreased to $194.3 million compared to $222.2 million in the prior-year period. Gross profit percentage decreased to 37% compared to 43% in the prior-year period. R&D expenses increased to $29.4 million compared to $20.9 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 while SG&A expenses increased to $65.4 million from $61.6 million in the prior-year period. Restructuring expenses decreased to $1.7 million from $3.0 million in the prior-year period. Operating loss for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019, which included asset impairment charges totaling $369.5 million was $271.7 million compared to operating income of $121.1 million, which included a $15.5 million loss on sale of intangible asset, in the prior-year period. Net loss for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 was $264.5 million, or $7.01 per diluted share compared to net income of $40.0 million, or $1.05 per diluted share in the prior-year period. A more detailed discussion of the Company’s financial results can be found below.

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Results of Operations - Three months ended March 31, 2019 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2018

Net sales decreased 1% to $172.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The following table identifies the Company’s net product sales by medical indication for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31,
Medical Indication	2019		2018
Antibiotic	$	3,789	$	3,801
Anti-Psychosis	20,616		9,336
Cardiovascular	22,783		18,514
Central Nervous System	9,424		8,395
Gallstone	3,041		3,828
Gastrointestinal	11,735		16,562
Glaucoma	659		875
Migraine	9,846		12,888
Muscle Relaxant	3,238		3,299
Pain Management	5,856		6,594
Respiratory	498		2,324
Thyroid Deficiency	55,210		69,975
Urinary	2,105		33
Other	16,062		12,376
Contract manufacturing revenue	7,932		5,586
Net sales	$	172,794	$	174,386

The decrease in net sales was driven by decreased average selling price of products of $17.8 million, partially offset by increased volumes of $16.2 million. Average selling prices were negatively impacted by unfavorable changes in product mix, changes within distribution channels and, to a lesser extent, competitive pricing pressures. Although the Company has benefited in the past from favorable pricing trends, these trends have reversed. Volumes were favorably impacted primarily due to additional sales of Levothyroxine related to the Amneal Agreement as well as increased market share of a key product.

In January 2017, a provision in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 required drug manufacturers to pay additional rebates to state Medicaid programs if the prices of their generic drugs rise at a rate faster than inflation. The provision negatively impacted the Company’s net sales by $8.0 million and $9.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which contributed to the overall decreased average selling price.

The following chart details price and volume changes by medical indication:

Medical indication	Sales volume change %		Sales price change %
Antibiotic	3	%	(3)	%
Anti-Psychosis	95	%	26	%
Cardiovascular	(15)	%	38	%
Central Nervous System	15	%	(2)	%
Gallstone	27	%	(48)	%
Gastrointestinal	(31)	%	2	%
Glaucoma	(21)	%	(4)	%
Migraine	(14)	%	(10)	%
Muscle Relaxant	(2)	%	—	%
Pain Management	(2)	%	(9)	%
Respiratory	(76)	%	(2)	%
Thyroid Deficiency	11	%	(32)	%
Urinary	4,492	%	1,815	%

Central Nervous System. Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended Release Tablets (“Methylphenidate ER”)

Per a teleconference in November 2014, the FDA informed KUPI that it was changing the therapeutic equivalence rating of its Methylphenidate ER product from “AB” (therapeutically equivalent) to “BX.” A BX-rated drug is a product for which data is insufficient to determine therapeutic equivalence; it is still approved and can be prescribed, but the FDA does not recommend it as automatically substitutable for the brand-name drug at the pharmacy.

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During the November 2014 teleconference, the FDA also asked KUPI to either voluntarily withdraw its product or to conduct new bioequivalence (“BE”) testing in accordance with the recommendations for demonstrating bioequivalence to Concerta proposed in a new draft BE guidance that the FDA issued earlier that November. The Company agreed to conduct new BE studies per the new draft BE guidance. KUPI submitted the data from those studies to the FDA in June 2015 and met with the FDA to discuss the results in July 2015.

On October 18, 2016, the Company received notice from the FDA that it will seek to withdraw approval of the Company’s ANDA for Methylphenidate ER. The FDA’s notice includes an opportunity for the Company to request a hearing on this matter. Following the Company’s request under the Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”) for documents to support its request for a hearing, the FDA granted an extension to submit all data, information and analyses upon which the request for a hearing relies. The FDA has not yet made a decision as to whether to grant a hearing to the Company.

The Company intends to continue working with the FDA to regain the “AB” rating, and in the meantime, maintain the drug on the U.S. market with a BX rating. However, there can be no assurance as to when or if the Company will regain the “AB” rating or be permitted to remain on the market. The Company agreed to potential acquisition-related contingent payments to UCB related to Methylphenidate ER if the FDA reinstates the AB-rating and certain sales thresholds are met. Such potential contingent payments are set to expire after December 31, 2020.

In August 2018, the Company entered into an exclusive perpetual licensing agreement with Andor Pharmaceuticals, LLC (“Andor”) for Methylphenidate ER tablets USP (CII) in 18 mg, 27 mg, 36 mg and 54 mg strengths. Andor’s ANDA of Methylphenidate included all bioequivalence metrics recommended by the FDA and is an AB-rated generic equivalent to the brand Concerta®. In April 2019, Andor received approval from the FDA of its Methylphenidate ER tablets USP (CII) ANDA. The Company anticipates commencing the launch of the product in 18mg, 27mg, 36mg and 54mg strengths in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Under the licensing agreement with Andor, Lannett will primarily provide sales, marketing and distribution support of Andor’s Methylphenidate ER product, for which it will receive a percentage of the net profits.

Pain Management. Cocaine Topical Solution (“C-Topical”)

In December 2017, a competitor received approval from the FDA to market and sell a Cocaine Hydrochloride topical product. This approval affects the Company’s right to market and sell its unapproved C-Topical product. According to FDA guidance, the FDA allowed the Company to continue marketing its unapproved product for a period of time following approval of the competitor’s product. Upon the recent request of the FDA to cease manufacturing and distributing our unapproved C-Topical product as a result of an approved product on the market, the Company has agreed to cease manufacturing its unapproved C-Topical 4% on June 15, 2019 and cease distributing the product on August 15, 2019. The Company also committed to not manufacture or distribute C-Topical 10% as of April 15, 2019, which has not been sold this fiscal year. The Company does not believe the discontinuation will have a material impact on our future expected results of operations as we had anticipated the withdrawal of this product. Additionally, the Company anticipates the approval of its NDA for its cocaine hydrochloride product around the end of calendar year 2019. During the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s net sales of the unapproved C-Topical product were $10.0 million and $15.9 million, respectively.

The competitor’s Cocaine Hydrochloride topical product first appeared in FDA’s Orange Book in January 2018, and the Orange Book listing was updated in February 2018 to include New Chemical Entity (“NCE”) exclusivity. Under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act, the grant of NCE exclusivity provides that additional applications for approval of the same product under Section 505(b)(2) may not be submitted to the FDA for approval before the expiration of five years from the date of the approval of the first application. Because the Company submitted its application for approval prior to the date of approval of the competitor’s Cocaine Hydrochloride topical application, the Company does not believe the NCE exclusivity will apply to the Company’s application. The FDA continues to review the Company’s application, and in July 2018 issued a Complete Response Letter which required an additional study and other information. The Company is in the process of addressing the Complete Response Letter and cannot say for certain when or if the application will be approved.

The competitor filed a citizen petition with the FDA in February 2019, claiming that the grant of the NCE exclusivity blocks the approval of the Company’s application for five years and requesting that the FDA refuse to accept any further submissions in furtherance of the Company’s Section 505(b)(2) application, treat as withdrawn any submissions made by the Company after December 2017 and withdraw the Company’s Section 505(b)(2) application. On April 24, 2019, the Company filed an opposition to the citizen petition requesting that it be denied.

At this time, the Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the citizen petition.

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Gastrointestinal. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)3350 (“Glycolax”)

On April 2, 2018, the FDA issued a Federal Register notice (Docket No. FDA-2008-N-0549) indicating that it was affirming a preliminary summary judgment decision that the FDA issued in 2014, denying a hearing, and withdrawing all ANDAs for prescription PEG 3350 products, including the Company’s Glycolax product. The FDA’s decision is based on the FDA finding that there are no meaningful differences between Rx PEG 3350 products and OTC PEG 3350 products and, therefore, that the Rx products are misbranded. The FDA ordered the Company’s ANDA withdrawn effective May 2, 2018, after which the Company would no longer be permitted to market or sell its Glycolax product. The Company disputes the FDA’s finding that there are no meaningful differences and disputes that summary judgment was appropriate in light of the factual issues raised by the ANDA holders. On April 9, 2018, the Company, along with three other PEG 3350 ANDA holders, filed a request for a stay of the FDA order pending appeal of the decision to the District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals. On April 16, 2018, the FDA granted a stay of its order withdrawing the Company’s ANDA through November 2, 2018, after which the Company will no longer be permitted to market or sell its Glycolax product. The Company filed an appeal of the FDA withdrawal order to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. In July 2018, the Company filed a brief in support of the appeal. All briefing was completed by September 15, 2018 and an argument hearing was held on October 12, 2018. In October 2018, the Appeals Court issued a ruling affirming the FDA’s withdrawal of the ANDA and on November 2, 2018, the ANDA was withdrawn and the Company ceased marketing the product. The Company continues to market its OTC PEG 3350 products. During the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s net sales of Rx PEG 3350 were $6.5 million and $13.1 million, respectively, although gross profit percentages for this product were in the single-digits in each of these periods.

Thalomid®

The Company filed with the FDA an ANDA No. 206601, along with a paragraph IV certification, alleging that the fifteen patents associated with the Thalomid drug product are invalid, unenforceable and/or not infringed. On January 30, 2015, Celgene Corporation and Children’s Medical Center Corporation filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, alleging that the Company’s filing of ANDA No. 206601 constitutes an act of patent infringement and seeking a declaration that the patents at issue are valid and infringed. A settlement agreement was reached and the Court dismissed the lawsuit in October 2017. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Company entered into a license agreement that permits Lannett to manufacture and market in the U.S. its generic thalidomide product as of August 1, 2019 or earlier under certain circumstances. In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company received a Major Complete Response Letter related to issues at its API supplier. As a result, the Company expects its product launch to be delayed until calendar year 2020.

The Company sells its products to customers in various distribution channels. The table below presents the Company’s net sales to each distribution channel for the three months ended March 31:

(In thousands) Customer Distribution Channel	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018
Wholesaler/Distributor	$	150,726	$	130,268
Retail Chain	11,841		29,785
Mail-Order Pharmacy	2,295		8,747
Contract manufacturing revenue	7,932		5,586
Net sales	$	172,794	$	174,386

Net sales to wholesalers/distributors increased significantly primarily due to additional sales of Levothyroxine related to the Amneal Agreement. Net sales to retail chains decreased significantly as a result of additional sales to a customer in the three months ended March 31, 2018 that was unable to obtain supply from a competitor due to a temporary disruption in the competitor’s supply chain.

Cost of Sales, including amortization of intangibles. Cost of sales, including amortization of intangibles, for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 remained relatively consistent at $107.5 million as compared to $107.3 million in the same prior-year period. Cost of sales increased primarily due to increased volumes of products sold, and to a lesser extent, increased product royalties, offset by manufacturing efficiencies as a result of cost reduction initiatives as well as product mix. Product royalties expense included in cost of sales totaled $10.7 million for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2019 and $8.7 million for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2018. Amortization expense included in cost of sales totaled $7.9 million for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to $8.3 million for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018.

Gross Profit. Gross profit for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 decreased to $65.3 million or 38% of net sales. In comparison, gross profit for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 was $67.1 million or 38% of net sales. Gross profit percentage was negatively impacted by lower average selling price of certain key products and increased product royalties, offset by manufacturing efficiencies and the positive impact of product mix.

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Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses for the third quarter increased to $9.8 million in Fiscal 2019 from $2.7 million in Fiscal 2018. The increase was primarily due to lower R&D expense in Fiscal 2018 related to a cancelled order for pre-launch inventory purchased in Fiscal 2017, and to a lesser extent, higher incentive-based compensation in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $21.6 million in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared with $14.1 million in Fiscal 2018. The increase was primarily due to higher incentive-based compensation, depreciation related to software integration costs, and increased legal and financial advisory costs, partially offset by a reduction of selling and marketing expenses related to product salesforce.

The Company is focused on controlling operating expenses and has executed on its 2016 Restructuring Plan and Cody Restructuring Plan as noted above, however increases in personnel and other costs to facilitate enhancements in the Company’s infrastructure and expansion may continue to impact operating expenses in future periods.

Restructuring Expenses. Restructuring expenses decreased $1.0 million to $0.5 million for the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2019 compared to the prior-year period primarily due to lower facility closure costs associated with the completion of the 2016 Restructuring Program. See Note 4 “Restructuring Charges” for more information.

Other Income (Loss). Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 totaled $21.5 million compared to $22.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The weighted average interest rate for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 and 2018 was 10.0% and 9.7%, respectively. Investment income totaled $.9 million in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared with $0.7 million in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018.

In March 2019, the Company completed the purchase of $24.2 million principal amount of its Term Loans in open market transactions. As a result of the purchases, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.4 million.

Income Tax. The Company recorded income tax expense in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 of $1.4 million compared to an income tax benefit of $2.3 million in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018. The effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were 11.3% and (21.7)%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily due to a revision in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 of a provisional calculation pursuant to 2017 Tax Reform for timing items related to the filing of its Fiscal 2017 tax return. The increase was partially offset by additional changes included in 2017 Tax Reform, which resulted in a federal statutory tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 of 21% compared to a blended federal statutory tax rate of 28% in the prior-year period as well as a discrete tax benefit recorded in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 related to the Company’s foreign subsidiary.

Net Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company reported net income of $10.6 million, or $0.27 per diluted share. Comparatively, net income in the corresponding prior-year period was $12.8 million, or $0.33 per diluted share.

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Results of Operations - Nine months ended March 31, 2019 compared with the nine months ended March 31, 2018

Net sales increased 2% to $521.6 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019. The following table identifies the Company’s net product sales by medical indication for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands)	Nine Months Ended March 31,
Medical Indication	2019		2018
Antibiotic	$	12,066	$	10,701
Anti-Psychosis	45,540		47,127
Cardiovascular	70,233		39,955
Central Nervous System	22,808		24,137
Gallstone	7,744		15,674
Gastrointestinal	36,783		46,171
Glaucoma	1,719		5,706
Migraine	32,134		43,387
Muscle Relaxant	9,538		10,309
Pain Management	19,771		18,483
Respiratory	2,676		6,200
Thyroid Deficiency	197,564		185,983
Urinary	5,262		5,870
Other	37,230		38,178
Contract manufacturing revenue	20,498		15,771
Net sales	$	521,566	$	513,652

The increase in net sales was driven by increased volumes of $80.0 million, partially offset by decreased average selling price of products of $72.1 million. Volumes were favorably impacted due to increased sales of Levothyroxine as customer demand increased in anticipation of the transition of the Product. Additional sales in the Cardiovascular medical indication related to a distribution agreement entered into with Aralez in November 2017 also contributed to increased volumes. On August 10, 2018, Aralez filed a Chapter 11 petition in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York and continues to operate its business in the normal course. The Company does not believe this will materially affect our distribution agreement with Aralez. Average selling prices were negatively impacted by price protection and shelf-stock adjustments in the second quarter of Fiscal 2019 as a result of anticipated price increases and decreases, respectively, on certain products. Average selling prices were also impacted by product mix, changes within distribution channels and, to a lesser extent, competitive pricing pressures. Although the Company has benefited in the past from favorable pricing trends, these trends have reversed.

In January 2017, a provision in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 required drug manufacturers to pay additional rebates to state Medicaid programs if the prices of their generic drugs rise at a rate faster than inflation. The provision negatively impacted the Company’s net sales by $23.0 million and $22.2 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which contributed to the overall decreased average selling price.

The following chart details price and volume changes by medical indication:

Medical indication	Sales volume change %		Sales price change %
Antibiotic	10	%	3	%
Anti-Psychosis	16	%	(19)	%
Cardiovascular	75	%	1	%
Central Nervous System	(4)	%	(2)	%
Gallstone	7	%	(58)	%
Gastrointestinal	(10)	%	(10)	%
Glaucoma	(53)	%	(17)	%
Migraine	(16)	%	(10)	%
Muscle Relaxant	—	%	(8)	%
Pain Management	19	%	(12)	%
Respiratory	(55)	%	(2)	%
Thyroid Deficiency	21	%	(15)	%
Urinary	(14)	%	4	%

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The Company sells its products to customers in various distribution channels. The table below presents the Company’s net sales to each distribution channel for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

(In thousands) Customer Distribution Channel	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018
Wholesaler/Distributor	$	420,720	$	377,833
Retail Chain	61,509		88,786
Mail-Order Pharmacy	18,839		31,262
Contract manufacturing revenue	20,498		15,771
Net sales	$	521,566	$	513,652

Net sales to wholesalers/distributors increased significantly primarily due to additional sales of Levothyroxine related to the Amneal Agreement. Net sales to retail chains decreased significantly as a result of additional sales in the nine months ended March 31, 2018 to a customer that was unable to obtain supply from a competitor due to a temporary disruption in the competitor’s supply chain.

Cost of Sales, including amortization of intangibles. Cost of sales, including amortization of intangibles for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 increased to $327.3 million from $291.5 million in the same prior-year period. The increase was primarily attributable to increased volumes of products sold, and to a lesser extent, increased product royalties, partially offset by product mix and manufacturing efficiencies as a result of cost reduction initiatives. Product royalties expense included in cost of sales totaled $27.4 million for the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2019 and $22.7 million for the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2018. Amortization expense included in cost of sales totaled $24.3 million for the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2019 and $24.0 million for the first nine months of Fiscal Year 2018.

Gross Profit. Gross profit for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 decreased to $194.3 million or 37% of net sales. In comparison, gross profit for the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 was $222.2 million or 43% of net sales. The decrease in gross profit percentage was primarily attributable to price protection and shelf-stock adjustments in the second quarter of Fiscal 2019 as well as lower average selling price of certain key products and increased product royalties related to a distribution agreement entered into with Aralez in November 2017.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses for the first nine months increased to $29.4 million in Fiscal 2019 from $20.9 million in Fiscal 2018. The increase was primarily due to lower R&D expense in Fiscal 2018 related to a cancelled order for pre-launch inventory purchased in Fiscal 2017, higher product development expenses in Fiscal 2019 related to various pipeline projects as well as higher incentive compensation-related expenses.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $65.4 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared with $61.6 million in Fiscal 2018. The increase was primarily due to higher incentive-based compensation, depreciation related to software integration costs, and increased legal and financial advisory costs, partially offset by a reduction of selling and marketing expenses related to product salesforce.

Restructuring Expenses. Restructuring expenses decreased 43% to $1.7 million compared to the prior-year period primarily due to a reversal of employee separation costs related to the Cody Restructuring Program in the second quarter of Fiscal 2019. See Note 4 “Restructuring Charges” for more information.

Asset Impairment Charges. In the first quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company approved a plan to sell the Cody API business. As such, all assets and liabilities associated with the Cody API business are recorded in the assets and liabilities held for sale captions in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. As part of the held for sale classification, the Company recorded the assets of the Cody API business at fair value less costs to sell. The Company performed a fair value analysis which resulted in a $29.9 million impairment of the Cody long-lived assets. See Note 22 “Assets Held for Sale” for more information.

On August 17, 2018, JSP notified the Company that it will not extend or renew the JSP Distribution Agreement when the current term expires on March 23, 2019. The Company determined that JSP’s decision represented a triggering event under U.S. GAAP to perform an analysis to determine the potential for impairment of goodwill. On October 4, 2018, the Company completed the analysis based on market data and concluded that it would record a full impairment of goodwill totaling $339.6 million. See Note 10 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” for more information.

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Other Income (Loss). Interest expense in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 and Fiscal 2018 totaled $64.4 million. The weighted average interest rate for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 and 2018 was 9.6% and 8.8%, respectively. Investment income in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 totaled $1.9 million compared with investment income of $4.2 million in Fiscal 2018.

Income Tax. The Company recorded an income tax benefit in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 of $71.6 million compared to income tax expense of $23.3 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was 21.3% compared to 36.8% for the nine months ended March 31, 2018. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was lower compared to the same prior-year period primarily due to the application of 2017 Tax Reform in the prior-year period, which resulted in a revaluation of the Company’s net long term deferred tax assets. In addition, the federal statutory tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was 21% compared to a blended federal statutory tax rate of 28% in the prior-year period.

Net Income (Loss). For the nine months ended March 31, 2019, the Company reported net loss of $264.5 million, or $7.01 per diluted share. Comparatively, net income in the corresponding prior-year period was $40.0 million, or $1.05 per diluted share.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Until November 25, 2015, the date of the KUPI acquisition, the Company had historically financed its operations with cash flow generated from operations supplemented with borrowings from various government agencies and financial institutions. At March 31, 2019, working capital was $336.4 million as compared to $326.0 million at June 30, 2018, an increase of $10.4 million. Current product portfolio sales as well as sales related to future product approvals are anticipated to continue to generate positive cash flow from operations.

Net cash provided by operating activities of $181.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 reflected net loss of $264.5 million, adjustments for non-cash items of $352.3 million, as well as cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $93.9 million. In comparison, net cash provided by operating activities of $103.4 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2018 reflected net income of $40.0 million, adjustments for non-cash items of $112.1 million, as well as cash used by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $48.7 million.

Significant changes in operating assets and liabilities from June 30, 2018 to March 31, 2019 were comprised of:

· A decrease in accounts receivable of $97.7 million primarily as a result of the collection of receivables related to Levothyroxine sales as well as of the timing of receipts. The Company’s days sales outstanding (“DSO”) at March 31, 2019, based on gross sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and gross accounts receivable at March 31, 2019 was 60 days. The level of DSO at March 31, 2019 was significantly lower than the Company’s expectations that DSO will be in the 70 to 85 day range based on customer payment terms, due to the receipt of an upfront payment of Levothyroxine sales under the Amneal Agreement.

· A decrease in prepaid income taxes totaling $15.9 million primarily due to receipt of approximately $15.2 million in tax refunds from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”).

· An increase in accrued payroll and payroll-related costs of $11.3 million primarily due to higher accrued incentive compensation-related costs and, to a lesser extent, the timing of payroll payments.

· A decrease in accounts payable totaling $25.0 million primarily due to a lower balance as of March 31, 2019 related to the expiration of the JSP Distribution Agreement. The timing of payments also contributed to the decrease in accounts payable.

Significant changes in operating assets and liabilities from June 30, 2017 to March 31, 2018 were comprised of:

· An increase in accounts receivable of $34.7 million mainly due to increased sales as well as the timing of collections during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2017. The Company’s days sales outstanding (“DSO”) at March 31, 2018, based on gross sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2018 and gross accounts receivable at March 31, 2018 was 78 days. The level of DSO at March 31, 2018 was comparable to the Company’s expectations that DSO will be in the 70 to 80 day range based on customer payment terms.

· An increase in other assets totaling $8.0 million primarily due to prepaid inventory in connection with a distribution agreement entered into during the second quarter of Fiscal 2018.

· An increase in inventories totaling $10.7 million primarily due to the timing of customer order fulfillment.

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· An increase in accrued payroll and payroll-related costs of $4.5 million primarily due to the timing of payroll payments as well as approximately $2.6 million related to severance benefits for the former chief executive officer.

Net cash used in investing activities of $0.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 is mainly the result of purchases of property, plant and equipment of $18.5 million and purchases of an intangible asset of $2.0 million, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment of $14.2 million and proceeds from the sale of an outstanding VIE loan to a third party of $5.6 million. Net cash used in investing activities of $36.9 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2018 is mainly the result of purchases of investment securities of $62.6 million and purchases of property, plant and equipment of $41.1 million, loan advances to a variable interest entity of $10.0 million and the purchase of an intangible asset of $7.0 million, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of investment securities of $83.8 million.

Net cash used in financing activities of $74.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to debt repayments of $73.5 million, of which $23.4 million were open market repurchases, payments of debt issuance costs totaling $1.1 million and purchases of treasury stock totaling $0.5 million, partially offset by proceeds from issuance of stock pursuant to stock compensation plans of $0.8 million. Net cash used in financing activities of $70.0 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2018 was primarily due to debt repayments of $69.0 million, purchases of treasury stock totaling $4.6 million, partially offset by proceeds from issuance of stock pursuant to stock compensation plans of $3.6 million.

Credit Facility and Other Indebtedness

The Company has previously entered into and may enter into future agreements with various government agencies and financial institutions to provide additional cash to help finance the Company’s various capital investments and potential strategic opportunities. These borrowing arrangements as of March 31, 2019 are as follows:

Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility

On November 25, 2015, in connection with its acquisition of KUPI, Lannett entered into a credit and guaranty agreement (the “Credit and Guaranty Agreement”) among certain of its wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries, as guarantors, Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as administrative agent and collateral agent and other lenders providing for a senior secured credit facility (the “Senior Secured Credit Facility”). The Senior Secured Credit Facility consisted of Term Loan A in an aggregate principal amount of $275.0 million, Term Loan B in an aggregate principal amount of $635.0 million and a revolving credit facility providing for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $125.0 million.

On June 17, 2016, Lannett amended the Senior Secured Credit Facility and the Credit and Guaranty Agreement to raise an incremental term loan in the principal amount of $150.0 million (the “Incremental Term Loan”) and amended certain sections of the agreement (the “Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility”). The terms of this Incremental Term Loan are substantially the same as those applicable to the Term Loan B. The Company used the proceeds of the Incremental Term Loan and cash on hand to repurchase the outstanding $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of Lannett’s 12.0% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “Senior Notes”) issued in connection with the KUPI acquisition.

In February 2019, a Special Committee of the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50 million of its Term Loans. In March 2019, the Company completed the purchase of $24.2 million principal amount of its Term Loans in open market transactions. The purchases comprised $8.0 million and $16.2 million of the Term A Loans and Term B Loans, respectively. In order to reduce future cash interest payments, as well as future amounts due at maturity, Lannett may, from time to time, purchase our debt for cash in open market purchases and/or privately negotiated transactions. Lannett will evaluate any such transactions in light of then-existing market conditions, taking into account the Company’s current liquidity among other factors. The amounts involved in any such transactions, individually or in the aggregate, may be material.

Refer to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 for further details on the Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility.

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Other Liquidity Matters

Refer to the “JSP Distribution Agreement” section above for the impact of the nonrenewal of the JSP agreement on our future liquidity.

Future Acquisitions

We are continuously evaluating the potential for product and company acquisitions as a part of our future growth strategy. In conjunction with a potential acquisition, the Company may utilize current resources or seek additional sources of capital to finance any such acquisition, which could have an impact on future liquidity.

We may also from time to time depending on market conditions and prices, contractual restrictions, our financial liquidity and other factors, seek to prepay outstanding debt or repurchase our outstanding debt through open market purchases, privately negotiated purchases, or otherwise. The amounts involved in any such transactions, individually or in the aggregate, may be material and may be funded from available cash or from additional borrowings.

Research and Development Arrangements

In the normal course of business, the Company has entered into certain research and development and other arrangements. As part of these arrangements, the Company has agreed to certain contingent payments which generally become due and payable only upon the achievement of certain developmental, regulatory, commercial and/or other milestones. In addition, under certain arrangements, we may be required to make royalty payments based on a percentage of future sales, or other metric, for products currently in development in the event that the Company begins to market and sell the product. Due to the inherent uncertainty related to these developmental, regulatory, commercial and/or other milestones, it is unclear if the Company will ever be required to make such payments.

In the second quarter of Fiscal 2019, the Company entered into an agreement in principle with North South Brother Pharmacy Investment Co., Ltd. and HEC Group PTY, Ltd. (collectively, “HEC”) to develop an insulin glargine product that would be biosimilar to Lantus Solostar pursuant to a License and Collaboration Agreement to be executed by the parties. This agreement modifies and supersedes a May 3, 2016 Collaboration and Supply Agreement with HEC. Under the terms of the deal, among other things, the Company shall fund up to $32 million of the development costs and split 50/50 any development costs in excess thereof. Lannett shall receive an exclusive license to distribute and market the product in the United States upon FDA approval under the 50/50 profit split for the first ten years following commercialization, followed by a 60/40 split in favor of HEC for the following five years.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission requires the use of estimates and assumptions. A listing of the Company’s significant accounting policies is detailed in Note 3 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” A subsection of these accounting policies have been identified by management as “Critical Accounting Policies.” Critical accounting policies are those which require management to make estimates using assumptions that were uncertain at the time the estimates were made and for which the use of different assumptions, which reasonably could have been used, could have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations.

Management has identified the following as “Critical Accounting Policies”: Revenue Recognition, Inventories, Income Taxes, Valuation of Long-Lived Assets, including Goodwill and Intangible Assets, In-Process Research and Development and Share-based Compensation.

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Revenue Recognition

On July 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which superseded ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when title and risk of loss of promised goods or services have transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration the Company is expected to be entitled. Our revenue consists almost entirely of sales of our pharmaceutical products to customers, whereby we ship product to a customer pursuant to a purchase order. Revenue contracts such as these do not generally give rise to contract assets or contract liabilities because: (i) the underlying contracts generally have only a single performance obligation and (ii) we do not generally receive consideration until the performance obligation is fully satisfied. The new revenue standard also impacts the timing of the Company’s revenue recognition by requiring recognition of certain contract manufacturing arrangements to change from “upon shipment or delivery” to “over time”. However, the recognition of these arrangements over time does not currently have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position. The Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. Refer to the “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” section of this footnote for further discussion of the impact of the adoption.

Chargebacks

Rebates

Rebates are offered to the Company’s key chain drug store, distributor and wholesaler customers to promote customer loyalty and increase product sales. These rebate programs provide customers with credits upon attainment of pre-established volumes or attainment of net sales milestones for a specified period. Other promotional programs are incentive programs offered to the customers. Additionally, as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“PPACA”) enacted in the U.S. in March 2010, the Company participates in a new cost-sharing program for certain Medicare Part D beneficiaries designed primarily for the sale of brand drugs and certain generic drugs if their FDA approval was granted under a NDA or 505(b) NDA versus an ANDA. Because our drugs used for the treatment of thyroid deficiency and our Morphine Sulfate Oral Solution product were both approved by the FDA as 505(b)(2) NDAs, they are considered “brand” drugs for purposes of the PPACA. Drugs purchased within the Medicare Part D coverage gap (commonly referred to as the “donut hole”) result in additional rebates. The Company estimates the reserve for rebates and other promotional credit programs based on the specific terms in each agreement when revenue is recognized. The reserve for rebates increases (decreases) as sales to certain wholesale and retail customers increase (decrease). However, since these rebate programs are not identical for all customers, the size of the reserve will depend on the mix of sales to customers that are eligible to receive rebates.

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Returns

Other Adjustments

Refer to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 for a description of our remaining Critical Accounting Policies.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

On November 25, 2015, in connection with the acquisition of KUPI, the Company entered into a Senior Secured Credit Facility, which was subsequently amended in June 2016 and December 2018. Based on the variable-rate debt outstanding at March 31, 2019, each 1/8% increase in interest rates would yield $1.0 million of incremental annual interest expense.

The Company has historically invested in equity securities, U.S. government agency securities and corporate bonds, which are exposed to market and interest rate fluctuations. The market value, interest and dividends earned on these investments may vary based on fluctuations in interest rate and market conditions.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, management performed, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Based upon the evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Lannett’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Change in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in Lannett’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Information pertaining to legal proceedings can be found in Note 12. “Legal, Regulatory Matters and Contingencies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and is incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Lannett Company, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 includes a detailed description of its risk factors.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

(a) A list of the exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K to be filed as a part of this Form 10-Q is shown on the Exhibit Index filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		LANNETT COMPANY, INC.

Dated: May 6, 2019	By:	/s/ Timothy C. Crew
		Timothy C. Crew
		Chief Executive Officer


Dated: May 6, 2019	By:	/s/ Martin P. Galvan
		Martin P. Galvan
		Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer


Dated: May 6, 2019	By:	/s/ G. Michael Landis
		G. Michael Landis
		Senior Director of Finance, Principal Accounting Officer and Treasurer

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Exhibit Index

31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed Herewith

31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed Herewith

32	Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed Herewith

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document