LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORP - Quarter Report: 2021 July (Form 10-Q)

 

 

Table of Contents

 

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED July 3, 2021

 

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO __________

 

Commission file number 000-18032

 

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

State of Delaware	93-0835214
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5555 NE Moore Court, Hillsboro, OR	97124
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(503) 268-8000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value	LSCC	Nasdaq Global Select Market

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes ☐  No ☒

 

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of July 30, 2021

136,384,642

 

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Table of Contents

 

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve estimates, assumptions, risks, and uncertainties. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. We use words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” "possible," “predict,” “projects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “future,” “potential,” and similar words or phrases to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about: our target or expected financial performance and our ability to achieve those results; future financial results or accounting treatments; future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including as a result of actions by governments, businesses, and individuals in response to the situation, on consumer, industrial, and financial markets, our business operations, supply chain and partners, financial performance, results of operations, financial position, and the achievement of our strategic objectives; our use of cash; our gross margin growth and our strategies to achieve gross margin growth and other financial results; our opportunities to increase our addressable market; our expectations and strategies regarding market trends and opportunities, including market segment drivers such as 5G infrastructure deployments, cloud and enterprise servers, client computing platforms, industrial Internet of Things, factory automation, automotive electronics, smart homes and prosumers; our judgments involved in accounting matters; actions we may take regarding the design and continued effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; our expectations regarding product offerings; our expectations regarding our customer base; our future investments in research and development and our research and development expense efficiency; the expected costs of our restructuring plans; our expectations regarding taxes, including unrecognized tax benefits, and tax adjustments and allowances; our beliefs regarding the adequacy of our liquidity, capital resources and facilities; whether we will pursue future stock repurchases and how any future repurchases will be funded; and our beliefs regarding legal proceedings.

These forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those statements expressed in the forward-looking statements. The key factors, among others, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions by governments, businesses, and individuals in response to the situation, the effects of which may give rise to or amplify the risks associated with many of these factors listed here; global economic conditions and uncertainty; and other factors more fully described herein or that are otherwise described from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, but not limited to, the items discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 2, 2021 and any additional or updated risk factors discussed in any subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed since that date.

You should not unduly rely on forward-looking statements because our actual results could differ materially from those expressed by us. In addition, any forward-looking statement applies only as of the date of this filing. We do not plan to, and undertake no obligation to, update any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or new events, circumstances or developments, or otherwise.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(unaudited)

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the six month period ended July 3, 2021:

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the six month period ended June 27, 2020:

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (continued)

(unaudited)

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the three month period ended July 3, 2021:

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the three month period ended June 27, 2020:

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

Lattice Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Lattice,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) develop technologies that we monetize through differentiated programmable logic semiconductor products, system solutions, design services, and licenses.

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In our opinion, they include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of results for the interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by the SEC's rules and regulations for interim reporting. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 2, 2021 ("2020 10-K").

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments affecting the amounts reported in our consolidated condensed financial statements and the accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions, and our beliefs of what could occur in the future considering available information. While we believe that our estimates, assumptions, and judgments are reasonable, they are based on information available when made, and because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis.

We describe our accounting methods and practices in more detail in our 2020 10-K. There have been no changes to the significant accounting policies, procedures, or general information described in our 2020 10-K that have had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Fiscal Reporting Periods

We report based on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Our fiscal 2021 will be a 52-week year and will end on January 1, 2022, and our fiscal 2020 was a 53-week year that ended January 2, 2021. Our second quarter of fiscal 2021 and second quarter of fiscal 2020 ended on July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively. All references to quarterly or six months ended financial results are references to the results for the relevant 13-week or 26-week fiscal period.

Concentrations of Risk

Potential exposure to concentrations of risk may impact revenue and accounts receivable. Distributors have historically accounted for a significant portion of our total revenue. Revenue attributable to distributors as a percentage of total revenue was 88% and 85% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively, and 87% and 81% for the six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020, respectively. Distributors also account for a substantial portion of our net accounts receivable. Our two largest distributors accounted for 47% and 36% of net accounts receivable at July 3, 2021 and 47% and 45% of net accounts receivable at January 2, 2021.

Note 2 - Net Income per Share

Our calculation of the diluted share count includes the number of shares from our equity awards with market conditions or performance conditions that would be issuable under the terms of such awards at the end of the reporting period. For equity awards with a market condition, the number of shares included in the diluted share count as of the end of each period presented is determined by measuring the achievement of the market condition as of the end of the respective reporting periods. For equity awards with an EBITDA performance condition, the number of shares that qualified for vestingas of the end of each period presented are included in the diluted share count when the condition for their issuance was satisfied by the end of the respective reporting periods. For equity awards granted in fiscal 2021 with a year-over-year revenue growth performance condition, no shares are included in the diluted share count as of July 3, 2021, as vesting of these awards is contingent upon achievement of the performance condition over certain periods of time, which have not yet transpired.See "Note 9 - Stock-Based Compensation" to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of our equity awards with market conditions or performance conditions.

A summary of basic and diluted Net income per share is presented in the following table:

The computation of diluted Net income per share excludes the effects of stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") shares, and equity awards with a market condition or performance condition that are antidilutive, aggregating approximately the following number of shares:

Note 3 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Disaggregation of revenue

The following tables provide information about revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by major class of revenue, revenue by channel, and by geographical market, based on ship-to location of the customer:

Contract balances

Our contract assets relate to our rights to consideration for licenses and royalties due to us as a member of the HDMI Founders consortium, with collection dependent on events other than the passage of time, such as collection of licenses and royalties from customers by the HDMI licensing agent. The balance results primarily from the amount of estimated revenue related to HDMI that we have recognized to date, but which has not yet been collected by the agent. Contract assets are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes activity during the first six months of fiscal 2021:

Contract liabilities are included in Accrued expenses on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes activity during the first six months of fiscal 2021:

Note 4 - Balance Sheet Components

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable do not bear interest and are shown net of an allowance for expected lifetime credit losses, which reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. We determine this allowance through an assessment of known troubled accounts, analysis of our accounts receivable aging, historical experience, expectations for future economic conditions, management judgment, and other available evidence.

Inventories

Accrued Expenses

Included in Accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are the following balances:

Property and Equipment – Geographic Information

Our Property and equipment, net by country at the end of each period was as follows:

Cloud Based Computing Implementation Costs

Under the guidance in ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), we are capitalizing the implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, mainly for our integrated distributor accounting management systems. These cloud-based computing implementation costs are recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other long-term assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes activity during the first six months of fiscal 2021:

Note 5 - Long-Term Debt

On May 17, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Current Credit Agreement”), which provides for a five-year secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $175.0 million and a five-year secured revolving loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $75.0 million. Details of the term loan and the revolving loan (collectively, "long-term debt"), including the basis for interest, payment terms, and covenants are described in the Current Credit Agreement.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we paid a required quarterly installment of $4.4 million on our long-term debt.  The fair value of our long-term debt approximates the carrying value, which is reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

As of July 3, 2021, the effective interest rate on the term loan was 1.57%, and the effective interest rate on the revolving loan was 1.35%. We pay a commitment fee of 0.20% on the unused portion of the revolving loan. Interest expense related to our long-term debt was included in Interest expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:

Expected future principal payments are based on the schedule of required quarterly installments. As of July 3, 2021, expected future principal payments on our long-term debt were as follows:

Note 6 - Restructuring

Under the Q1 2020 Plan, which is described in the 2020 10-K, we recorded less than $0.1 million and approximately $0.3 million of expense during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively; and we recorded less than $0.1 million and approximately $1.4 million of expense in the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. Approximately $2.0 million of total expense has been incurred through July 3, 2021 under the Q1 2020 Plan. Substantially all actions planned under the Q1 2020 Plan have been implemented.

Under the Q2 2019 Sales Plan, which is described in the 2020 10-K, we recorded no expense and approximately $0.2 million of expense during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively; and we recorded no expense and a net credit adjustment of less than $0.1 million during the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. Approximately $2.1 million of total expense has been incurred through July 3, 2021 under the Q2 2019 Sales Plan. All actions planned under the Q2 2019 Sales Plan have been implemented.

Under the June 2017 Plan, which is described in the 2020 10-K, we incurred restructuring expense related to our partially vacated facility in San Jose, California of approximately $0.2 million and approximately $0.1 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively; and approximately $0.4 million and approximately $0.1 million during the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. We have incurred approximately $21.3 million of total expense through July 3, 2021 under the June 2017 Plan, and all planned actions have been implemented. We expect the total cost of the June 2017 Plan to be approximately $21.5 million to $23.5 million as ROU asset amortization expenses related to our partially vacated facility in San Jose, California will be incurred over the remaining lease term.

These expenses were recorded to Restructuring charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The restructuring accrual balance is presented in Accrued expenses and in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table displays the activity related to our restructuring plans:

Note 7 - Leases

We have operating leases for corporate offices, sales offices, research and development facilities, storage facilities, and a data center, the terms of which are described in our 2020 10-K. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we extended the leases for our Hillsboro, Oregon and Shanghai, China facilities, which resulted in approximately $7.2 million of the increase in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities. All of our facilities are leased under operating leases, which expire at various times through 2028, with a weighted-average remaining lease term of 4.6 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.3% as of July 3, 2021.

We recorded fixed operating lease expenses of $2.0 million and $1.9 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $3.9 and $3.8 million for the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

The following table presents the lease balance classifications within the Consolidated Balance Sheets and summarizes their activity during the first six months of fiscal 2021:

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of July 3, 2021 are as follows:

Lease obligations for facilities restructured prior to the adoption of Topic 842 totaled approximately $7.7 million at July 3, 2021 and continued to be recorded in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 8 - Intangible Assets

On our Consolidated Balance Sheets at July 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021, Intangible assets, net are shown net of accumulated amortization of $133.6 million and $132.0 million, respectively. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we entered into license agreements for third-party technology totaling approximately $1.8 million and have recorded them as intangible assets. These licenses are being amortized to Research and development expense over their estimated useful lives.

We recorded amortization expense related to intangible assets on the Consolidated Statements of Operations as presented in the following table:

Note 9 - Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations is presented in the following table:

Market-Based and Performance-Based Stock Compensation

In the first six months of fiscal 2021, certain awards with a performance condition or market condition granted in prior fiscal years have vested. As of July 3, 2021, the Company had met the "adjusted" EBITDA performance criteria on a trailing four quarter basis for two consecutive trailing four-quarter periods, and the second tranche of 33.3% of the base number of the awards with an EBITDA performance condition qualified for vesting. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the market condition for awards granted to certain executives in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 exceeded the 75^th percentile of the TSR condition, and the second tranche of these awards vested at 200%.

In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we granted awards of RSUs with a market condition to certain executives. Under the terms of these grants, the RSUs with a market condition vest and become payable over a three-year period based on the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the Russell 2000 index, which condition is measured for the grants on the third anniversary of the grant date. The awards may vest at 250% or 200%, depending upon the executive, if the 75th percentile of the market condition is achieved, with 100% of the units vesting at the 55th percentile, zero vesting if relative TSR is below the 25th percentile, and vesting scaling for achievement between the 25th and 75th percentile. We also granted awards of RSUs with a performance condition to certain executives. Under the terms of these grants, the RSUs with a performance condition will vest and become payable based on the Company generating specified levels of year-over-year revenue growth, which will be measured annually for one-fourth of the grants after each fiscal year-end through the end of fiscal 2024, with vesting occurring 13 months after the end of each measurement period. Vesting of these awards scales for achievement of year-over-year revenue growth compared to certain targets, with maximum vesting up to 200%.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2020, the Board of Directors approved a modification to the market condition measurement periods associated with the unvested portions of certain of the Company’s awards with a market condition that were granted prior to fiscal 2020. The modification extended the duration of the measurement period by adjusting the beginning date of each measurement period to the original grant date, resulting in approximately $1.8 million additional stock compensation expense during the first quarter of fiscal 2020.

For our awards with a market condition or a performance condition, we incurred stock compensation expense of approximately $6.7 million in the second quarter of both fiscal 2021 and 2020, and approximately $11.3 million and $10.9 million in the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively, which is recorded as a component of total stock-based compensation

Note 10 - Common Stock Repurchase Program

On February 19, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which up to $60.0 million of outstanding common stock could be repurchased from time to time ("the "2021 Repurchase Program"). The duration of the 2021 Repurchase Program is twelve months. Under the 2021 Repurchase Program during the secondquarter of fiscal 2021, approximately 0.5 million shares were repurchased for $25.1 million, or an average price paid per share of $48.07. As of July 3, 2021, the remaining portion of the amount authorized for the twelve-month program is approximately $19.9 million. All repurchases were open market transactions funded from available working capital. All shares repurchased pursuant to the 2021 Repurchase Program were retired by the end of the secondquarter of fiscal 2021.

Note 11 - Income Taxes

We are subject to federal and state income tax as well as income tax in the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. For the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, we recorded income tax expense of approximately $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and for the first six months of fiscal 2021 and 2020, we recorded income tax expense of approximately $1.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Income taxes for the three and six month periods ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 represent tax at the federal, state, and foreign statutory tax rates in addition to withholding taxes, changes in uncertain tax positions, as well as other non-deductible items in foreign jurisdictions. The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% and our effective tax rates for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and for the three and six months ended June 27, 2020 resulted primarily from the U.S. valuation allowance, foreign withholding taxes, foreign rate differentials, and the discrete impacts of uncertain tax positions due to lapsing of the statute of limitations.

We updated our evaluation of the valuation allowance position in the United States through July 3, 2021 and concluded that we should continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against the net federal and state deferred tax assets. In making this evaluation, we exercised significant judgment and considered estimates about our ability to generate revenue and taxable profits sufficient to offset expenditures in future periods within the U.S. We will continue to evaluate both positive and negative evidence in future periods to determine if we will realize the deferred tax assets. We do not have a valuation allowance in any foreign jurisdictions as we have concluded it is more likely than not that we will realize the net deferred tax assets in future periods.

Our liability recorded for uncertain tax positions (including penalties and interest) was $21.9 million and $22.3 million at July 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021, respectively, and is included as a component of Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 12 - Contingencies

Legal Matters

On or about December 19, 2018, Steven A.W. De Jaray, Perienne De Jaray and Darrell R. Oswald (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) commenced an action against the Company and several unnamed defendants in the Multnomah County Circuit Court of the State of Oregon, in connection with the sale of certain products by the Company to the Plaintiffs in or around 2008. The Plaintiffs allege that we violated The Lanham Act, engaged in negligence and fraud by failing to disclose to the Plaintiffs the export-controlled status of the subject parts. The Plaintiffs seek damages of $138 million, treble damages, and other remedies. In January 2019, we removed the action to the United States District Court for the District of Oregon. At this stage of the proceedings, we do not have an estimate of the likelihood or the amount of any potential exposure to the Company; however, we believe that these claims are without merit and intend to vigorously defend the action.

From time to time, we are exposed to certain additional asserted and unasserted potential claims. We review the status of each significant matter and assess its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and a range of possible losses can be estimated, we then accrue a liability for the estimated loss. Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based only on the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, we reassess the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise estimates.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read along with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2020 10-K.

Overview

Lattice Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Lattice,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) develop technologies that we monetize through differentiated programmable logic semiconductor products, system solutions, design services, and licenses. Lattice is the low power programmable leader. We solve customer problems across the network, from the Edge to the Cloud, in the growing communications, computing, industrial, automotive, and consumer markets. Our technology, long-standing relationships, and commitment to world-class support lets our customers quickly and easily unleash their innovation to create a smart, secure, and connected world.

Lattice has focused its strategy on delivering programmable logic products and related solutions based on low power, small size, and ease of use. We also serve our customers with IP licensing and various other services. Our product development activities include new proprietary products, advanced packaging, existing product enhancements, software development tools, soft IP, and system solutions for high-growth applications such as Edge Artificial Intelligence, 5G infrastructure, platform security, and factory automation.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

Critical accounting policies are those that are both most important to the portrayal of a company's financial condition and results, and that require management's most difficult, subjective, and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Management believes that there have been no significant changes to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2020 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments affecting the amounts reported in our consolidated condensed financial statements and the accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions, and our beliefs of what could occur in the future considering available information. While we believe that our estimates, assumptions, and judgments are reasonable, they are based on information available when made, and because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis.

Impact of COVID-19 on our Business

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and may continue to cause, a global slowdown of economic activity (including a decrease in demand for certain goods and services), and volatility in and disruption to financial markets. The severity, magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences are uncertain, rapidly changing and difficult to predict, and the pandemic’s impact on our operations and financial performance, as well as its impact on our ability to successfully execute our business strategy and initiatives, remains uncertain. We continue to take actions to safeguard the health and well-being of our employees and our business. We implemented social distancing policies at our locations around the world including working from home and eliminating virtually all travel. Furthermore, we continue to manage our cash position and liquidity needs in light of the rapidly changing environment, and we have additional resources available under our Current Credit Agreement, if needed.

The full extent of the COVID-19 pandemic, the related governmental, business and travel restrictions in order to contain this virus are continuing to evolve globally even with the rollout of vaccination programs. We anticipate that these actions and the global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will negatively impact business activity across the globe. Demand for our products may be impacted in Q3 and potentially beyond Q3 given the global reach and economic impact of the virus. For example, governmental actions or policies or other initiatives to contain the virus could lead to reductions in our end customers’ demand under which we would expect to lose revenue. We have previously seen and could again see delays or disruptions in our supply chain due to governmental restrictions. If our suppliers experience similar impacts, we may have difficulty sourcing materials necessary to fulfill customer production requirements and transporting completed products to our end customers.

We will continue to actively monitor the situation and may take further actions altering our business operations that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, suppliers, and stakeholders, or as required by federal, state, or local authorities. It is not clear what the potential effects of any such alterations or modifications may have on our business, including the effects on our customers, employees, and prospects, or on our financial results. The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations and financial position is currently uncertain and will depend on many factors that are not within our control, including, but not limited to: the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; general economic uncertainty in key global markets and financial market volatility; global economic conditions and levels of economic growth; and the pace of recovery when the COVID-19 pandemic subsides. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 2, 2021 for further information about related risks and uncertainties.

Results of Operations

Key elements of our Consolidated Statements of Operations, including as a percentage of revenue, are presented in the following table:

Revenue by End Market

We sell our products globally to a broad base of customers in three primary end market groups: Communications and Computing, Industrial and Automotive, and Consumer. We also provide intellectual property ("IP") licensing and services to these end markets.

Within these end markets, there are multiple segment drivers, including:

We also generate revenue from the licensing of our IP, the collection of certain royalties, patent sales, the revenue related to our participation in consortia and standard-setting activities, and services. While these activities may be associated with multiple markets, Licensing and services revenue is reported as a separate end market as it has characteristics that differ from other categories, most notably a higher gross margin.

The end market data below is derived from data provided to us by our customers. With a diverse base of customers who may manufacture end products spanning multiple end markets, the assignment of revenue to a specific end market requires the use of judgment. We also recognize certain revenue for which end customers and end markets are not yet known. We assign this revenue first to a specific end market using historical and anticipated usage of the specific products, if possible, and allocate the remainder to the end markets based on either historical usage for each product family or industry application data for certain product types.

The following are examples of end market applications for the periods presented:

The composition of our revenue by end market is presented in the following table:

Revenue from the Communications and Computing end market increased by 15% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and increased by 21% for the first six months of fiscal 2021 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2020 primarily due to increased demand for applications in servers, client computing platforms, and 5G infrastructure.

Revenue from the Industrial and Automotive end market increased by 47% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and increased by 33% for the first six months of fiscal 2021 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2020 primarily due to increased demand for our products across multiple applications, such as industrial automation and robotics.

Revenue from the Consumer end market increased by 13% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and increased by 3% for the first six months of fiscal 2021 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2020 primarily due to increased demand for our products in Consumer end market applications.

Revenue from the Licensing and services end market decreased by 27% for the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2020 and decreased by 14% for the first six months of fiscal 2021 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2020 primarily due to a decrease in royalties.

Revenue by Geography

We assign revenue to geographies based on ship-to location of the customer.

The composition of our revenue by geography is presented in the following table:

Revenue from Customers

We sell our products to independent distributors and directly to customers. Distributors have historically accounted for a significant portion of our total revenue, and the two distributor groups noted below accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue in the periods covered by this report.

The composition of our revenue by customer is presented in the following table: