LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORP - Quarter Report: 2023 April (Form 10-Q)

Table of Contents

 

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED April 1, 2023

 

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO __________

 

Commission file number 000-18032

 

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

State of Delaware	93-0835214
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5555 NE Moore Court, Hillsboro, OR	97124
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(503) 268-8000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value	LSCC	Nasdaq Global Select Market

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes ☐  No ☒

 

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of April 25, 2023

137,648,760

 

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Table of Contents

 

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve estimates, assumptions, risks, and uncertainties. Any statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. We use words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” "possible," “predict,” “projects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “future,” “potential,” and similar words or phrases to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about: our target or expected financial performance and our ability to achieve those results; future impacts of global pandemics, epidemics, and other public health problems; future impacts of the ongoing military conflict between Ukraine and Russia and the outbreak of new, or expansion of current, military conflicts or terrorism; the impact of any continuing trade or travel restrictions on the export and import of products between the U.S. and China; the impact of any deterioration in relations between Taiwan and China, and other factors affecting military, political, or economic conditions in Taiwan or elsewhere in Asia; the impact of tariffs, trade sanctions, license requirements or similar actions on our suppliers and customers; the impact of inflationary pressures; our business strategy; our opportunities to increase our addressable market; our expectations and strategies regarding market trends and opportunities, including market segment drivers such as 5G communications infrastructure deployments, datacenter servers and networking equipment, client computing platforms, industrial Internet of Things, factory automation, robotics, automotive electronics, smart homes, prosumers, and other applications; our expectations regarding our customer base and the impacts of our customers’ actions on our business; our expectations regarding both new and existing product offerings; our gross margin growth and our strategies to achieve gross margin growth and other financial results; our future investments in research and development; future financial results or accounting treatments; our judgments involved in accounting matters, including revenue recognition, inventories and cost of revenue, and income taxes; actions we may take regarding the design and continued effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting; our use of cash; our beliefs regarding the adequacy of our liquidity, capital resources and facilities; whether we will consider and act upon acquisition opportunities to extend our product, technology and product offerings, and the impact of such opportunities on our business; our expectations regarding taxes, including unrecognized tax benefits, and tax adjustments and allowances; whether we will pursue future stock repurchases and how any future repurchases will be funded; our ability to prevent and respond to information technology system failures, security breaches and incidents, cyber-attacks or fraud; the impact of laws and regulations addressing privacy, data protection, and cybersecurity and our ability to comply with the same; and our beliefs regarding legal proceedings.

These forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those statements expressed in the forward-looking statements. The key factors, among others, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include the effects of pandemics, such as COVID-19, or widespread global health problems and the actions by governments, businesses, and individuals in response to the situation, the effects of which may give rise to or amplify the risks associated with many of these factors listed here; global economic conditions and uncertainty, including as a result of trade-related restrictions or tariffs, inflationary pressures, or the effect of any downturn in the economy on capital markets and credit markets; and other factors more fully described herein or that are otherwise described from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including, but not limited to, the items discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on February 17, 2023 and any additional or updated risk factors discussed in any subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed since that date.

You should not unduly rely on forward-looking statements because our actual results could differ materially from those expressed by us. In addition, any forward-looking statement applies only as of the date of this filing. We do not plan to, and undertake no obligation to, update any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or new events, circumstances or developments, or otherwise.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(unaudited)

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the three-month period ended April 1, 2023:

The following summarizes the changes in total equity for the three-month period ended April 2, 2022:

See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

Lattice Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Lattice,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) develop technologies that we monetize through differentiated programmable logic semiconductor products, silicon-enabling products, system solutions, design services, and licenses.

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In our opinion, they include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of results for the interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by the SEC's rules and regulations for interim reporting. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 ("2022 10-K").

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments affecting the amounts reported in our consolidated condensed financial statements and the accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions, and our beliefs of what could occur in the future considering available information. While we believe that our estimates, assumptions, and judgments are reasonable, they are based on information available when made, and because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, the actual results that we experience may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis.

We describe our accounting methods and practices in more detail in our 2022 10-K. There have been no changes to the significant accounting policies, procedures, or general information described in our 2022 10-K that have had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Fiscal Reporting Periods

We report based on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Our fiscal 2023 will be a 52-week year and will end on December 30, 2023, and our fiscal 2022 was a 52-week year that ended December 31, 2022. Our first quarter of fiscal 2023 and first quarter of fiscal 2022 ended on April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively. All references to quarterly financial results are references to the results for the relevant 13-week fiscal period.

Concentrations of Risk

Potential exposure to concentrations of risk may impact revenue and accounts receivable. Distributors have historically accounted for a significant portion of our total revenue. Revenue attributable to distributors as a percentage of total revenue was 88% and 90% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Distributors also account for a substantial portion of our net accounts receivable. Our two largest distributors accounted for 39% and 35% of net accounts receivable at April 1, 2023 and 47% and 27% of net accounts receivable at December 31, 2022.

Note 2 - Net Income per Share

Our calculation of the diluted share count includes the number of shares from our equity awards with market conditions or performance conditions that would be issuable under the terms of such awards at the end of the reporting period. For equity awards with a market condition, the number of shares included in the diluted share count as of the end of each period presented is determined by measuring the achievement of the market condition as of the end of the respective reporting periods. For equity awards with a performance condition, the number of shares that qualified for vesting as of the end of each period presented are included in the diluted share count when the condition for their issuance was satisfied by the end of the respective reporting periods. See "Note 9 - Stock-Based Compensation" to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of our equity awards with market conditions or performance conditions.

A summary of basic and diluted Net income per share is presented in the following table:

The computation of diluted Net income per share excludes the effects of stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") shares, and equity awards with a market condition or performance condition that are antidilutive, aggregating approximately the following number of shares:

Note 3 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Disaggregation of revenue

The following tables provide information about revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by channel and by geographical market, based on ship-to location of our customer:

Contract balances

Our contract assets relate to our rights to consideration for licenses and royalties due to us as a member of the HDMI Founders consortium. The balance results primarily from the amount of estimated revenue related to HDMI that we have recognized to date, but which has not yet been collected from the customers of the HDMI licensing agent. Contract assets are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes activity during the first three months of fiscal 2023:

Contract liabilities are included in Accrued liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes activity during the first three months of fiscal 2023:

Note 4 - Balance Sheet Components

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable do not bear interest and are shown net of an allowance for expected lifetime credit losses, which reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance, as described in our 2022 10-K.

Inventories

Property and Equipment – Geographic Information

Our Property and equipment, net by country at the end of each period was as follows:

Accrued Liabilities

Included in Accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are the following balances:

Note 5 - Long-Term Debt

On September 1, 2022, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “2022 Credit Agreement”), which provides for a five-year secured revolving loan facility with an aggregate principal amount of up to $350 million. Details of the revolving loan facility, including the basis for interest and covenants are described in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The revolving loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at our discretion, with any remaining outstanding principal amount due and payable on the maturity date of the revolving loan on September 1, 2027. During the first three months of fiscal 2023, we made a discretionary payment of $25 million on the revolving loans outstanding under the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The fair value of our long-term debt approximates the carrying value, which is reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

As of April 1, 2023, the effective interest rate on the revolving loan was 6.05%. We pay a quarterly commitment fee of 0.20% on the unused portion of the revolving facility. Interest expense related to our long-term debt was included in Interest expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:

Subsequent to April 1, 2023, we made a discretionary payment of $60 million on the revolving loans outstanding under the 2022 Credit Agreement.

Note 6 - Restructuring

Restructuring activity in the periods presented consisted of expense adjustments on previous plans, which were recorded to Restructuring charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The restructuring accrual balance is presented in Accrued liabilities and in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table displays the activity related to our restructuring plans:

Note 7 - Leases

We have operating leases for corporate offices, sales offices, research and development facilities, storage facilities, and a data center. All of our facilities are leased under operating leases, which expire at various times through 2028, with a weighted-average remaining lease term of 3.4 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.4% as of April 1, 2023.

We recorded fixed operating lease expenses of $1.9 million and $2.0 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table presents the lease balance classifications within the Consolidated Balance Sheets and summarizes their activity during the first three months of fiscal 2023:

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of April 1, 2023 are as follows:

Lease obligations for facilities restructured prior to the adoption of Topic 842 totaled approximately $5.6 million at April 1, 2023 and continued to be recorded in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 8 - Intangible Assets

In connection with our acquisition of Mirametrix, Inc. in November 2021, we recorded identifiable intangible assets during fiscal year 2021. On our Consolidated Balance Sheets at April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Intangible assets, net are shown net of accumulated amortization of $141.4 million and $140.3 million, respectively. In prior years, we entered into license agreements for third-party technology and have recorded them as intangible assets. These licenses are being amortized to Research and development expense over their estimated useful lives.

We recorded amortization expense related to intangible assets on the Consolidated Statements of Operations as presented in the following table:

Note 9 - Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations is presented in the following table:

Market-Based and Performance-Based Stock Compensation

In the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we granted awards of RSUs with a market condition to certain executives. Under the terms of these grants, the RSUs with a market condition vest over a three-year period based on the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the Russell 3000 index, which condition is measured for the grants on the third anniversary of the grant date. The awards may vest at 250% or 200%, depending upon the executive, if the 75th percentile of the market condition is achieved, with 100% of the units vesting at the 55th percentile, zero vesting if relative TSR is below the 25th percentile, and vesting scaling for achievement between the 25th and 75th percentile.

In the first three months of fiscal 2023, certain awards with a market condition or performance condition granted in prior fiscal years vested. During the first quarter of fiscal 2023, the market condition for awards granted to certain executives in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 exceeded the 75th percentile of their TSR condition, and the second tranche of these awards vested at 250% or 200%, as applicable for the respective executive. Also during the first quarter of fiscal 2023, the first tranche of awards granted in fiscal 2021 with a performance condition vested. Under the terms of these grants, the RSUs with a performance condition will vest based on the Company generating specified levels of year-over-year revenue growth, which will be measured annually for one-fourth of the grants after each fiscal year-end through the end of fiscal 2024, with vesting of each tranche occurring 13 months after the performance condition is met. Vesting of these awards scales for achievement of year-over-year revenue growth compared to certain targets, with maximum vesting up to 200%. The first tranche of these awards vested at the 200% level of achievement, as the Company met the maximum year-over-year revenue growth performance criteria as of January 1, 2022. For the second tranche of these awards, the Company met the year-over-year revenue growth performance criteria at the 200% level of achievement as of December 31, 2022.

For our awards with a market condition or a performance condition, we incurred stock compensation expense of approximately $4.9 million and $6.9 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively, which is recorded as a component of total stock-based compensation.

The following table summarizes the activity for our awards with a market condition or performance condition:

Note 10 - Common Stock Repurchase Program

On August 8, 2022, we announced that our Board of Directors had approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which up to $150 million of outstanding common stock could be repurchased from time to time (the "2023 Repurchase Program"). The duration of the 2023 Repurchase Program is through the end of December 2023. Under the 2023 Repurchase Program during the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we repurchased 119,162 shares for $10.0 million, or an average price paid per share of $83.95. All repurchases were open market transactions funded from available working capital. All shares repurchased pursuant to the 2023 Repurchase Program were retired by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023. As of April 1, 2023, the remaining portion of the amount authorized for the 2023 Repurchase Program is approximately $119.7 million.

Note 11 - Income Taxes

We are subject to federal and state income tax as well as income tax in the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. For the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, we recorded income tax expense of approximately $2.6 million and approximately $1.0 million, respectively. Income taxes for the three-month period ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 represent tax at the federal, state, and foreign statutory tax rates in addition to withholding taxes, excess benefits from stock compensation, as well as other non-deductible items in foreign jurisdictions. The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% and our effective tax rates for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and for the three months ended April 2, 2022 resulted primarily from U.S. valuation allowance, foreign withholding taxes, foreign rate differentials, and the discrete impacts of excess tax benefits from stock compensation.

Our liability recorded for uncertain tax positions (including penalties and interest) was $21.8 million and $21.6 million at April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is included as a component of Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 12 - Contingencies

Legal Matters

On or about December 19, 2018, Steven A.W. De Jaray, Perienne De Jaray and Darrell R. Oswald (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) commenced an action against the Company and several unnamed defendants in the Multnomah County Circuit Court of the State of Oregon, in connection with the sale of certain products by the Company to the Plaintiffs in or around 2008. The Plaintiffs allege that we violated The Lanham Act, engaged in negligence and fraud by failing to disclose to the Plaintiffs the export-controlled status of the subject parts. The Plaintiffs seek damages of $155 million to $268 million, treble damages, and other remedies. In January 2019, we removed the action to the United States District Court for the District of Oregon. At this stage of the proceedings, we do not have an estimate of the likelihood or the amount of any potential exposure to the Company; however, we believe that these claims are without merit and intend to vigorously defend the action.

From time to time, we are exposed to certain additional asserted and unasserted potential claims. We review the status of each significant matter and assess its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and a range of possible losses can be estimated, we then accrue a liability for the estimated loss. Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based only on the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, we reassess the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise estimates.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read along with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2022 10-K.

Overview

Lattice Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Lattice,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) develop technologies that we monetize through differentiated programmable logic semiconductor products, silicon-enabling products, system solutions, design services, and licenses. Lattice is the low power programmable leader. We solve customer problems across the network, from the Edge to the Cloud, in the growing communications, computing, industrial, automotive, and consumer markets. Our technology, long-standing relationships, and commitment to world-class support helps our customers quickly and easily unleash their innovation to create a smart, secure, and connected world.

Lattice has focused its strategy on delivering programmable logic products and related solutions based on low power, small size, and ease of use. We also serve our customers with intellectual property ("IP") licensing and various other services. Our product development activities include new proprietary products, advanced packaging, existing product enhancements, software development tools, soft IP, and system solutions for high-growth applications such as Edge Artificial Intelligence, 5G infrastructure, platform security, and factory automation.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

Critical accounting policies are those that are both most important to the portrayal of a company's financial condition and results of operations, and that require management's most difficult, subjective, and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. There have been no significant changes to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2022 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments affecting the amounts reported in our consolidated condensed financial statements and the accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions, and our beliefs of what could occur in the future considering available information. While we believe that our estimates, assumptions, and judgments are reasonable, they are based on information available when made, and because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis.

Impact of Global Economic Activity and Pandemics on our Business

Increased financial market volatility, inflationary pressure, rising interest rates, recessionary concerns, uncertainty in the financial and banking industry, geopolitical tension, and the global COVID-19 pandemic continue to impact business globally and may impact our operations by causing disruption to our labor markets and supply chains. The global COVID-19 pandemic, due to the periodic resurgence of cases relating to the spread of new variants, has and continues to impact worldwide economic activity and poses the risk that our employees, contractors, suppliers, and other partners may be prevented from conducting business activities. The extent to which increased financial market volatility, inflationary pressures, global pandemics, and related uncertainty will impact our business activities will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time.

Results of Operations

Key elements of our Consolidated Statements of Operations, including as a percentage of revenue, are presented in the following table:

Revenue by End Market

We sell our products globally to a broad base of customers in three primary end market groups: Communications and Computing, Industrial and Automotive, and Consumer. We also provide IP licensing and services to these end markets.

Within these end markets, there are multiple segment drivers, including:

The end market data we use is derived from data provided to us by our customers. With a diverse base of customers who may manufacture end products spanning multiple end markets, the assignment of revenue to a specific end market requires the use of judgment. We also recognize certain revenue for which end customers and end markets are not yet known. We assign this revenue first to a specific end market using historical and anticipated usage of the specific products, if possible, and allocate the remainder to the end markets based on either historical usage for each product family or industry application data for certain product types.

The following are examples of end market applications for the periods presented:

The composition of our revenue by end market is presented in the following table:

Revenue from the Communications and Computing end market increased by 3% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 primarily due to content expansion in datacenter servers, new greenfield client computing opportunities, 5G infrastructure, and datacenter networking.

Revenue from the Industrial and Automotive end market increased by 55% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 primarily due to strong customer adoption in a broad range of applications, including industrial automation and robotics. Growth in Automotive was driven by the adoption of new designs in advanced driver assistance ("ADAS") and infotainment applications.

Revenue from the Consumer end market decreased by 42% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 primarily due to macroeconomic weakness in Consumer.

Revenue by Geography

We assign revenue to geographies based on ship-to location of our customer.

The composition of our revenue by geography is presented in the following table:

Revenue from Customers

We sell our products to independent distributors and directly to customers. Distributors have historically accounted for a significant portion of our total revenue. Revenue attributable to distributors as a percentage of total revenue was 88% and 90% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Gross Margin

The composition of our Gross margin, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

Gross margin, as a percentage of revenue, increased 290 basis points in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022. Improved margins were driven by benefits from our gross margin expansion strategy.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development Expense

The composition of our Research and development expense, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

Research and development expense includes costs for compensation and benefits, stock compensation, engineering wafers, depreciation and amortization, licenses, and outside engineering services. These expenditures are for the design of new products, IP cores, processes, packaging, and software solutions. The increase in Research and development expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 was due primarily to increased headcount-related costs as we continue to invest in our long-term product roadmap, and to increased depreciation and amortization related to our research and development equipment and tools. We believe that investing in research and development is important to delivering innovative products to our customers and, therefore, we expect to continue to increase our investment in research and development.

Selling, General, and Administrative Expense

The composition of our Selling, general, and administrative expense, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

Selling, general, and administrative expense includes costs for compensation and benefits related to selling, general, and administrative employees, commissions, depreciation, professional and outside services, trade show, and travel expenses. The increase in Selling, general, and administrative expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 was due primarily to increased headcount-related costs in demand creation to support the growth of our business.

Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets

The composition of our Amortization of acquired intangible assets, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

The decrease in Amortization of acquired intangible assets for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 is due to the end of the amortization period during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 for acquired intangible assets from previous acquisitions.

Restructuring Charges

The composition of our Restructuring charges, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

Restructuring charges are generally comprised of expenses resulting from consolidation of our facilities, cancellation of contracts, and headcount reductions. Restructuring activity was minimal in both of the comparative periods presented.

Acquisition Related Charges

Acquisition related charges of $0.5 million, or 0.3% of revenue, for the first three months of fiscal 2022 were attributable to our acquisition of Mirametrix in November 2021 and were comprised primarily of professional services including legal and accounting fees, as well as closing costs.

Interest Expense, net

The composition of our Interest expense, net, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

Interest expense is primarily comprised of contractual interest on our long-term debt and amortization of original issue discount and debt issuance costs based on the effective interest method, net of interest income. The decrease in Interest expense for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 was driven by the reduction in the principal balance of our long-term debt and the increase in interest income, partially offset by the increase in the applicable base rate for our long-term debt.

Other (Expense) Income, net

The composition of our Other (expense) income, net, including as a percentage of revenue, is presented in the following table:

The changes in Other (expense) income for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 were primarily due to increased foreign currency effects.

Income Taxes

The composition of our Income tax expense is presented in the following table:

Our Income tax expense is composed primarily of taxes on foreign income and withholding taxes, partially offset by benefits resulting from excess tax benefits from stock compensation. The increase in tax expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 as compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2022 is primarily due to increased U.S. tax on foreign operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following sections discuss material changes in our financial condition from the end of fiscal 2022, including the effects of changes in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the effects of our credit arrangements and contractual obligations on our liquidity and capital resources. There continues to be uncertainty around the extent and duration of the disruption to our business, including from the effects of market volatility, inflationary pressures, rising interest rates, recessionary concerns, uncertainty in the financial and banking industry, geopolitical tension, and the global COVID-19 pandemic, which may impact our liquidity and working capital needs in future periods.

We have historically financed our operating and capital resource requirements through cash flows from operations, and from the issuance of long-term debt to fund acquisitions. Cash provided by or used in operating activities will fluctuate from period to period due to fluctuations in operating results, the timing and collection of accounts receivable, and required inventory levels, among other things.

We believe that our financial resources, including current cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from operating activities, and our credit facilities, will be sufficient to meet our liquidity and working capital needs through at least the next 12 months. On September 1, 2022, we entered into our 2022 Credit Agreement, as described in "Note 5 - Long-Term Debt" under Part I, Item 1 of this report. As of April 1, 2023, we did not have significant long-term commitments for capital expenditures. For further information on our cash commitments for operating lease liabilities, see "Note 7 - Leases" under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

In the future, we may continue to consider acquisition opportunities to further extend our product or technology portfolios and further expand our product offerings. In connection with funding capital expenditures, acquisitions, securing additional wafer supply, increasing our working capital, or other operations, we may seek to obtain equity or additional debt financing. We may also seek to obtain equity or additional debt financing if we experience downturns or cyclical fluctuations in our business that are more severe or longer than we anticipated when determining our current working capital needs.

Cash and cash equivalents

As of April 1, 2023, we had Cash and cash equivalents of $112.1 million, of which approximately $21.6 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We manage our global cash requirements considering, among other things, (i) available funds among our subsidiaries through which we conduct business, (ii) the geographic location of our liquidity needs, and (iii) the cost to access international cash balances. The repatriation of non-US earnings may require us to withhold and pay foreign income tax on dividends. This should not result in our recording significant additional tax expense as we have accrued expense based on current withholding rates. As of April 1, 2023, we could access all cash held by our foreign subsidiaries without incurring significant additional expense.

The net decrease in Cash and cash equivalents of $33.6 million between December 31, 2022 and April 1, 2023 was primarily driven by cash flows from the following activities:

Operating activities — Cash provided by operating activities results from net income adjusted for certain non-cash items and changes in assets and liabilities. Cash provided by operating activities for the first three months of fiscal 2023 was $44.9 million compared to $43.2 million for the first three months of fiscal 2022. This increase of $1.7 million was primarily driven by an increase of $20.8 million provided by improved operating performance, partially offset by $19.1 million of net changes in working capital, primarily from cash used by Accrued payroll obligations and Accrued liabilities.

Investing activities — Investing cash flows consist primarily of transactions related to capital expenditures and payments for software and intellectual property licenses. Net cash used by investing activities in the first three months of fiscal 2023 was $11.0 million compared to $7.1 million in the first three months of fiscal 2022. This increase of $3.9 primarily a result of increased capital expenditures.

Financing activities — Financing cash flows consist primarily of tax payments related to the net share settlement of restricted stock units, proceeds from the exercise of options to acquire common stock, activity on our long-term debt, and repurchases of common stock. Net cash used by financing activities in the first three months of fiscal 2023 was $67.6 million compared to $44.4 million in the first three months of fiscal 2022. This $23.2 million increase was due to the following mix of activities. Payments for tax withholdings on vesting of RSUs partially offset by employee exercises of stock options used net cash flows of $32.6 million in the first three months of fiscal 2023, an increase of approximately $7.6 million from the net $25.0 million used in the first three months of fiscal 2022. During the first three months of fiscal 2023, we made a discretionary payment of $25.0 million on our revolving loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement, while in the first three months of fiscal 2022 we paid a required quarterly installment of $4.4 million on our long-term debt under our prior Credit Agreement, dated May 17, 2019. During the first three months of fiscal 2023, we repurchased approximately 0.1 million shares of common stock for $10.0 million compared to repurchases in the first three months of fiscal 2022 of approximately 0.2 million shares of common stock for $15.0 million.

Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net as of April 1, 2023 decreased by approximately $3.2 million, or 3%, compared to December 31, 2022. This decrease resulted primarily from the timing of customer payments between the comparative periods. We calculate Days sales outstanding on the basis of a 365-day year as Accounts receivable, net at the end of the quarter divided by sales during the quarter annualized and then multiplied by 365.

Inventories

Inventories as of April 1, 2023 increased $6.7 million, or approximately 6%, compared to December 31, 2022 primarily to meet the increased demands of our customers and for new product ramps.

The Days of inventory on hand ratio compares the inventory balance at the end of a quarter to the cost of sales in that quarter. We calculate Days of inventory on hand on the basis of a 365-day year as Inventories at the end of the quarter divided by Cost of sales during the quarter annualized and then multiplied by 365.

Credit Arrangements

On September 1, 2022, we entered into our 2022 Credit Agreement. The details of this arrangement are described in "Note 5 - Long-Term Debt" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

As of April 1, 2023, we had no used or unused credit arrangements beyond the secured revolving loan facility described in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

Share Repurchase Program

See Part II, Item 2, “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds,” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information about the share repurchase program.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. We assess these risks on a regular basis and have established policies that are designed to protect against the adverse effects of these and other potential exposures. There have been no material changes to either the foreign currency exchange rate risk or interest rate risk previously disclosed in Part II, Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," of our 2022 10-K.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

In connection with the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We continue to monitor and assess any potential impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the design and operating effectiveness of our internal controls.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information set forth above under "Note 12 - Contingencies - Legal Matters" contained in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors associated with our business previously described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our 2022 10-K. There have been no material changes in the risk factors included in our 2022 10-K, and this report should be read in conjunction with the risk factors set forth in our 2022 10-K. These risk factors are not the only risks facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we may currently deem to be immaterial could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or operating results, including those related to adverse macroeconomic conditions, such as rising inflation and labor shortages, which may affect demand for our products or increase our product or labor costs, negatively impacting our revenues, gross margins, and overall financial results. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected, and the trading price of our common stock could decline. These factors, together with all of the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, should be carefully considered before making an investment decision relating to our common stock.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On August 8, 2022, we announced that our Board of Directors had approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which up to $150 million of outstanding common stock could be repurchased from time to time (the "2023 Repurchase Program"). The duration of the 2023 Repurchase Program is through the end of December 2023. Under the 2023 Repurchase Program during the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we repurchased 119,162 shares for $10.0 million, or an average price paid per share of $83.95. All repurchases were open market transactions funded from available working capital. All shares repurchased pursuant to the 2023 Repurchase Program were retired by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

The following table contains information regarding our repurchases of our common stock that is registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 2, 2023