LGL GROUP INC - Annual Report: 2019 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2019

OR

For the transition period from _________________ to ______________________

Commission file number: 001-00106

The LGL Group, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (407) 298-2000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the registrant's voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the $8.15 per share closing price of the registrant's common stock on June 28, 2019, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $23,907,854. Solely for the purpose of this calculation, shares held by directors and executive officers of the registrant have been excluded. Such exclusion should not be deemed a determination or an admission by the registrant that such individuals are, in fact, affiliates of the registrant.

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock was 5,210,788 as of March 27, 2020.

THE LGL GROUP, INC.

PART I

Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

This annual report on Form 10-K (this "Report") and the Company's (as defined below) other communications and statements may contain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements about the Company's beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, estimates, projections and intentions. These statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, many of which are beyond the Company's control. The words "may," "could," "should," "would," "believe," "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "target," "goal," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in the Company's forward-looking statements. For information concerning these factors and related matters, see "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A in this Report, and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 in this Report. However, other factors besides those referenced could adversely affect the Company's results, and you should not consider any such list of factors to be a complete set of all potential risks or uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements made by the Company herein speak as of the date of this Report. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law. As a result, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

The LGL Group, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the "Company," "LGL," "we," "us," or "our") is a globally-positioned producer of industrial and commercial products and services. We operate in two identified segments. Our electronic components segment is currently focused on the design and manufacture of highly-engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products. These electronic components ensure reliability and security in aerospace and defense communications, low noise and base accuracy for laboratory instruments, and synchronous data transfers throughout the wireless and Internet infrastructure. Our electronic instruments segment is focused on the design and manufacture of high-performance Frequency and Time reference standards that form the basis for timing and synchronization in various applications. The Company was incorporated in 1928 under the laws of the State of Indiana, and in 2007, the Company was reincorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware as The LGL Group, Inc. We maintain our executive offices at 2525 Shader Road, Orlando, Florida, 32804. Our telephone number is (407) 298-2000. Our common stock is traded on the NYSE American under the symbol "LGL."

We operate through our two principal subsidiaries, M-tron Industries, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, "MtronPTI"), which has design and manufacturing facilities in Orlando, Florida; Yankton, South Dakota; and Noida, India, and Precise Time and Frequency, LLC ("PTF"), which has a design and manufacturing facility in Wakefield, Massachusetts. We also have local sales and customer support offices in Sacramento, California; Austin, Texas; and Hong Kong.

Our primary objective is to create long-term growth with a market-based approach of designing and offering new products to our customers through both organic research and development, and through strategic partnerships, joint ventures, acquisitions or mergers. We seek to leverage our core strength as an engineering leader to expand client access, add new capabilities and continue to diversify our product offerings. Our focus is on investments that will differentiate us, broaden our portfolio and lead toward higher levels of integration organically and through joint venture, merger and acquisition opportunities. We believe that successful execution of this strategy will lead to a transformation of our product portfolio towards longer product life cycles, better margins and improved competitive position.

Overview of MtronPTI

Originally founded in 1965, MtronPTI designs, manufactures and markets highly-engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products. 

These component-level devices are used extensively in infrastructure equipment for the telecommunications and network equipment industries, as well as in electronic systems for applications in defense, aerospace, earth-orbiting satellites, down-hole drilling, medical devices, instrumentation, industrial devices and global positioning systems. As an engineering-centric company, MtronPTI provides close support to the customer throughout its products' entire life

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cycle, including product design, prototyping, production, and subsequent product upgrades. This collaborative approach has resulted in the development of long-standing business relationships with its blue-chip customer base.

All of MtronPTI’s production facilities are ISO 9001:2008 certified, ITAR registered and Restriction of Hazardous Substances (“RoHS”) compliant. In addition, its U.S. production facilities in Orlando and Yankton are AS9100 Rev D and MIL-STD-790 certified.

MtronPTI Products

MtronPTI's portfolio is divided into two product groupings, Frequency Control and Spectrum Control, and has expanded from primarily crystal-based components to include higher levels of integration, advanced materials science, cavity-based products, and various types of compensation methods employing integrated circuits and other methods to create products geared for applications that require high reliability in harsh environments. These products are differentiated by their precise level of accuracy, their stability over time and within harsh environments, and their very low phase noise.

MtronPTI's Frequency Control product group includes a broad portfolio of XTAL, clock oscillators, VCXO, TCXO OCXO and DOCXO devices which meet some of the tightest specifications, including IEEE 1588 standards. These devices may be based on quartz, quartz MEMS, or advanced materials science designed to achieve higher performance levels than quartz. MtronPTI's products offer high reliability over a wide temperature range and are well-suited for harsh environments, including shock and vibration-resistant oscillators with low-g sensitivity. These products are designed for applications within aerospace and defense, telecommunications infrastructure and instrumentation markets.

MtronPTI's Spectrum Control product group includes a wide array of radio frequency (“RF”), microwave and millimeter wave filters and diplexers covering a frequency range from 1 MHz to 90 GHz, and solid-state power amplifiers covering a frequency range from 300 MHz to 26 GHz, with power output from 10 Watts to 10 kWatts. Filter devices include crystal, ceramic, LC, tubular, combline, cavity, interdigital and metal insert waveguide, as well as digital, analog and mechanical tunable filters, switched filter arrays and RF subsystems. Power amplifiers add active devices to MtronPTI's portfolio and include GaN, GaAS FET, LDMOS and chip and wire technologies in narrow or broadband, module or rack-mounted packages. These products are employed in applications within the aerospace, defense and commercial markets.

New product development continues to be a key focus for MtronPTI as it continues to push its roadmap to meet the needs of its served markets. Within Frequency Control, design efforts are focused on smaller packages, lower power, and use of new materials to provide compensation and harsh environment performance that surpasses customer requirements. Spectrum Control seeks to develop higher power handling, higher levels of integration and a range of integrated products within the RF subsystem.

Overview of PTF

PTF designs, manufactures and markets for sale time and frequency products. The industries PTF serves include computer networking, satellite earth stations, electric utilities, broadcasting, and telecommunication systems. PTF was originally founded in 2002 and the company's assets were acquired by LGL in September 2016 through a business acquisition, making us a broader-based supplier of highly engineered products for the generation of time and frequency references for synchronization and control. Since its inception, PTF has developed a comprehensive portfolio of time and frequency instruments complemented by a wide range of ancillary products such as distribution amplifiers and redundancy auto switches.

PTF Products

PTF's products range from simple, low cost time and frequency solutions, to premium products designed to deliver maximum performance for the most demanding applications. PTF's products include Frequency and Time Reference Standards, distribution amplifiers, redundancy auto switches and NTP servers, all of which are used in a broad range of applications worldwide.

PTF's Frequency and Time Reference Standards include quartz Frequency Standards, GPS/GNS Frequency and Time Standards and rubidium atomic Frequency Standards. The de facto standard for many highly demanding applications, such as satellite communications, is PTF's range of GPS/GNS disciplined quartz frequency and time standards. Because of the high quality quartz oscillators utilized they deliver outstanding phase noise and short-term stability performance for applications where low noise is paramount. This outstanding short-term performance, coupled with

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the long-term stability and accuracy of the external GPS/GNS reference, provides the user excellent all-around performance that is highly cost-effective.

When two or more computers are involved, accurate time keeping is a challenge especially when the computers are in different locations. PTF's range of GNS Time and Frequency References and Network Time Servers deliver a high level of performance that allows customers to synchronize to Universal Time Coordinated, in a number of cost- effective forms to meet a multitude of time and frequency reference requirements. Applications range from low phase noise, highly stable and accurate, system frequency references for Sat-Com and Digital Broadcasting applications, to computer networks, shipboard time code references and e-commerce time stamping applications.

PTF's portfolio of distribution amplifiers covers multiple signal types including RF, digital, time code, configurable and optical. The distribution range is designed to complement the high quality of the frequency and time references and provide the most effective cost/performance solution for the application, including options for full remote monitoring/control (including RF analog signal monitoring) and optional level control.

The distribution product range includes standard fixed configuration units with either 12 or 16 channels, together with more flexible units that allow the user to define specific configurations including different types of input/output signals combined into a convenient 1U or 2U package with up to 36 output channels.

PTF's series of redundancy auto switches range from simple level detection through to highly sophisticated sensing capability, extremely fast switching options and full Ethernet connectivity, to provide remote monitoring control, and including integration with SNMP management systems. The most recent model includes multi-channel input capability as well as the ability to switch up to three input types of signals.

Customers

We primarily work directly with original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) to define the right solutions for their unique applications, including the design of custom parts with unique part numbers. Actual sales of production parts may be directly to the OEM or through either their designated contract manufacturers or through franchised distributors of our products. As a result, we have highly-skilled sales engineers who work directly with the designers and program managers at their OEMs, providing a high-level of engineering support at all points within the process.

In 2019, our largest customer, an electronics contract manufacturing company in the aerospace and defense markets, accounted for $5,522,000, or 17.3%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $4,436,000, or 17.8%, in 2018.

As of December 31, 2019, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $1,841,000, or 40%, of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2018, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $1,043,000, or 30%, of accounts receivable. The insolvency of any of these customers could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity.

Research and Development

Utilizing our understanding of market requirements, we employ a disciplined approach to capital allocation when selecting new product development projects. A cross-functional team comprised of engineering, marketing, operations, sales and finance reviews the merits of specific projects, seeking to invest in products that will exceed a specific return on investment level and a payback expectation within one to two years. In addition, the team considers the inherent value of intellectual property that each project presents with consideration for technical roadmap objectives.

Research and development expense was approximately $2,004,000 and $1,947,000 in 2019 and 2018, respectively, and will remain a significant part of the Company's efforts to revitalize our intellectual property position.

Marketing and Sales

We have a highly skilled team of sales engineers who work in tandem with a worldwide network of more than 30 independent external manufacturer representatives and franchised electronics distributors to market and sell our products. An important part of the sales process is gaining qualification of specific products from the OEM, confirming suitability for use in a specific system design, which is commonly referred to as a "design-win." Through direct contact with our clients and through our representative network, we are able to understand the needs of the marketplace and then guide our product development process to allocate resources to meeting those requirements.

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Seasonality

Our business is not seasonal, although shipment schedules may be affected by the production schedules of our customers or their contract manufacturers based on regional practices or customs.

Domestic Revenues

Our domestic revenues were $23,397,000 in 2019, or 73.4% of total consolidated revenues, compared to $18,673,000, or 75.1% of total consolidated revenues, in 2018.

International Revenues

Our international revenues were $8,500,000 in 2019, or 26.6% of total consolidated revenues, compared to $6,197,000, or 24.9% of total consolidated revenues, in 2018. In each of 2019 and 2018, these revenues were derived mainly from customers in Asia, with significant sales in Malaysia. We avoid significant currency exchange risk by transacting and settling substantially all of our international sales in United States dollars.

Order Backlog

Our order backlog was $21,857,000 and $17,506,000 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The backlog of unfilled orders includes amounts based on signed contracts as well as agreed letters of intent, which we have determined are firm orders and likely to proceed. Although backlog represents only firm orders that are considered likely to be fulfilled within the 12 months following receipt of the order, cancellations or scope adjustments may and do occur.

Order backlog is adjusted quarterly to reflect project cancellations, deferrals, revised project scope and cost. We expect to fill our entire 2019 order backlog in 2020, but cannot provide assurances as to what portion of the order backlog will be fulfilled in a given year

Investment in SPAC

The Company has invested $3.35 million in LGL Systems Acquisition Holding Company, LLC, who serves as the sponsor (the “Sponsor”) of LGL Systems Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company, commonly referred to as a “SPAC”, or blank check company, formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination in the aerospace, defense and communications industries (the “SPAC”).

The Sponsor holds 20% of the shares in the SPAC along with 5,200,000 warrants at a strike price of $11.50. On November 7, 2019, the SPAC raised $172.5 million through the sale of 17.25 million shares and was listed as a publicly traded company on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the ticker symbol ‘DFNS’. The IPO closed on November 12, 2019. Prior to and immediately following the IPO, the Sponsor held 4,312,500 shares of the SPAC, which are restricted and non-tradable.

If the SPAC does not complete a business combination within 24 months from the closing of the SPAC’s initial public offering, the proceeds from the sale of the private warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the shares sold in the SPAC’s initial public offering (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and the private warrants will expire worthless.

Raw Materials

Generally, most raw materials used in the production of our products are available in adequate supply from a number of sources and the prices of these raw materials are relatively stable. However, some raw materials, including printed circuit boards, quartz and certain metals including steel, aluminum, silver, gold, tantalum and palladium, are subject to greater supply fluctuations and price volatility, as experienced in recent years. In general, we have been able to include some cost increases in our pricing, but in some cases our margins were adversely impacted.

Recently, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) (the “coronavirus”) has caused a global pandemic that has disrupted supply chains and the ability to obtain components and raw materials around the world for most companies, including us. The short-term and long-term impact of the coronavirus pandemic on our ability to obtain the raw materials necessary to conduct our business and operations is not yet fully understood; however, the inability to obtain the raw materials required for our business would have a material negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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Competition

We design, manufacture and market products for the generation, synchronization and control of time and frequency as well as spectrum control products. There are numerous domestic and international manufacturers who are capable of providing custom-designed products comparable in quality and performance to our products. Our competitive strategy begins with our focus on niche markets where precise specification and reliability are the major requirements. Competitors in our electronic components segment include, but are not limited to, Vectron International (a division of Knowles Corporation), K&L Microwave (a division of Dover Corporation), Symmetricom (a division of Microsemi Corporation), and Rakon Limited. Competitors in our electronic instruments segment include, but are not limited to, Symmetricom, Spectracom Corporation and Brandywine Communications.

Shelf Offering and ATM

The Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-235767), as filed by the Company with the SEC on December 31, 2019, relating to $90,000,000 of its securities, which was declared effective on January 8, 2020.

On January 22, 2020, the Company entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Jefferies LLC, as sales agent (“Jefferies”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through Jefferies, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $15,000,000 (the “Shares”). Shares sold under the Agreement will be issued pursuant to the shelf registration statement. The Company filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC on January 23, 2020 in connection with the offer and sale of the common shares pursuant to the Agreement.

The Company is not obligated to sell any Shares under the Agreement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement, Jefferies will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable laws and regulations, to sell Shares from time to time based upon the Company’s instructions, including any price, time or size limits specified by the Company, subject to certain limitations. Under the Agreement, Jefferies may sell the Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including block transactions, sales made directly on the NYSE American or sales made into any other existing trading market of the Company’s common stock.

Through the date of this report, there have been 263,725 shares sold under this Agreement, at an average price per share of $13.65 and generating net proceeds of approximately $3,491,000.

Intellectual Property

We have no patents, trademarks or licenses that are considered to be significant to our business or operations. Rather, we believe that our technological position depends primarily on the technical competence and creative ability of our engineering and technical staff in areas of product design and manufacturing processes, including our staff’s ability to customize products to meet difficult specifications, as well as proprietary know-how and information.

Employees

As of December 31, 2019, we employed 353 people, including 183 full-time, and 10 part-time employees, along with 160 contractors. Of this total, the Company has 173 full-time, 9 part-time, and three contract employees within the U.S., with 139 located in Orlando, Florida, 41 in Yankton, South Dakota, and five within its subsidiary PTF in Wakefield, Massachusetts. The Company has two full-time and one part-time employee in Hong Kong, and eight full-time employees and 157 contractors in Noida, India. None of the Company's employees are represented by a labor union and the Company considers its relationships with employees to be good.

As an engineered products and solutions company, a significant number of our workforce consists of degreed engineers offering their expertise to product design and process development.

Environmental

Our manufacturing operations, products, and/or product packaging are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the handling, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances, wastes and other chemicals. In addition, more stringent environmental regulations may be enacted in the future, both within the United States and internationally, and we cannot presently determine the modifications, if any, in our

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operations that any future regulations might require, or the cost of compliance that would be associated with these regulations.

To date, capital expenditures, earnings and competitive position of the Company have not been materially affected by compliance with current federal, state, and local laws and regulations (domestic and foreign) relating to the protection of the environment. However, we cannot predict the effect of future laws and regulations.

Investing in our securities involves risks. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks described below. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or prospects, and could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face, but represent those risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our business.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We are dependent on a single line of business.

Prior to our September 2016 acquisition of PTF, we were engaged only in the design, manufacture and marketing of standard and custom-engineered electronic components that are used primarily to control the frequency or timing of signals in electronic circuits. Although our acquisition of PTF added an additional product line of electronic instruments that includes highly engineered products for the generation of time and frequency references for synchronization and control, until we see significant growth from the PTF electronic instruments product line or develop or acquire additional product lines, we will remain dependent on our electronic components line of business. Virtually all of our 2019 and 2018 revenues came from sales of electronic components, which consist of packaged quartz crystals, oscillator modules, electronic filters and integrated modules. We expect that this product line will continue to account for substantially all of our revenues in 2020.

Given our reliance on this single line of business, any decline in demand for this product line or failure to achieve continued market acceptance of existing and new versions of this product line may harm our business and our financial condition. Additionally, unfavorable market conditions affecting this line of business would likely have a disproportionate impact on us in comparison with certain competitors, who have more diversified operations and multiple lines of business. Should this line of business fail to generate sufficient sales to support ongoing operations, there can be no assurance that we will be able to develop alternate business lines.

Our operating results vary significantly from period to period.

We experience fluctuations in our operating results. Some of the principal factors that contribute to these fluctuations include: changes in demand for our products; our effectiveness in managing manufacturing processes, costs and inventory; our effectiveness in engineering and qualifying new product designs with our OEM customers and in managing the risks associated with offering those new products into production; changes in the cost and availability of raw materials, which often occur in the electronics manufacturing industry and which affect our margins and our ability to meet delivery schedules; macroeconomic and served industry conditions; and events that may affect our production capabilities, such as labor conditions and political instability. In addition, due to the prevailing economic climate and competitive differences between the various market segments which we serve, the mix of sales between our communications, networking, aerospace, defense, industrial and instrumentation market segments may affect our operating results from period to period.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had net income of approximately $7,016,000 and $1,405,000, respectively. Our revenues are derived primarily from MtronPTI, whose future rate of growth and profitability are highly dependent on the development and growth of demand for our products in the communications, networking, aerospace, defense, instrumentation and industrial markets, which are cyclical. We cannot be certain whether we will generate sufficient revenues or sufficiently manage expenses to sustain profitability.

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We have a large customer that accounts for a significant portion of our revenues, and the loss of this customer, or decrease in its demand for our products, could have a material adverse effect on our results.

In 2019, our largest customer, an electronics contract manufacturing company, accounted for $5,522,000, or 17.3%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $4,436,000, or 17.8%, in 2018. The Company’s second largest customer, a defense contract manufacturer, accounted for $3,187,000, or 10.0%, of the Company's total revenues, compared to $1,617,000, or 7.2%, in 2018. The loss of either of these customers, or a decrease in their demand for our products, could have a material adverse effect on our results.

A relatively small number of customers account for a significant portion of our accounts receivable, and the insolvency of any of these customers could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity.

As of December 31, 2019, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $1,841,000, or 40%, of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2018, four of our largest customers accounted for approximately $1,043,000, or 30%, of accounts receivable. The insolvency of any of these customers could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity.

Our order backlog may not be indicative of future revenues.

Our order backlog is comprised of orders that are subject to specific production release, orders under written contracts, oral and written orders from customers with which we have had long-standing relationships and written purchase orders from sales representatives. Our customers may order products from multiple sources to ensure timely delivery when backlog is particularly long and may cancel or defer orders without significant penalty. They also may cancel orders when business is weak and inventories are excessive. As a result, we cannot provide assurances as to the portion of backlog orders to be filled in a given year, and our order backlog as of any particular date may not be representative of actual revenues for any subsequent period.

We are a holding company, and therefore are dependent upon the operations of our subsidiaries to meet our obligations.

We are a holding company that transacts business through our operating subsidiaries. Our primary assets are cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, the shares of our operating subsidiaries and intercompany loans. Should our cash and cash equivalents be depleted, our ability to meet our operating requirements and to make other payments will depend on the surplus and earnings of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends or to advance or repay funds.

Our future rate of growth and profitability are highly dependent on the development and growth of the communications, networking, aerospace, defense, instrumentation and industrial markets, which are cyclical.

In 2019 and 2018, the majority of our revenues were derived from sales to manufacturers of equipment for the defense, aerospace, instrumentation and industrial markets for frequency and spectrum control devices, including indirect sales through distributors and contract manufacturers. During 2020, we expect a significant portion of our revenues to continue to be derived from sales to these manufacturers. Often OEMs and other service providers within these markets have experienced periods of capacity shortage and periods of excess capacity, as well as periods of either high or low demand for their products. In periods of excess capacity or low demand, purchases of capital equipment may be curtailed, including equipment that incorporates our products. A reduction in demand for the manufacture and purchase of equipment for these markets, whether due to cyclical, macroeconomic or other factors, or due to our reduced ability to compete based on cost or technical factors, could substantially reduce our net sales and operating results and adversely affect our financial condition. Moreover, if these markets fail to grow as expected, we may be unable to maintain or grow our revenues. The multiple variables which affect the communications, networking, aerospace, defense, instrumentation and industrial markets for our products, as well as the number of parties involved in the supply chain and manufacturing process, can impact inventory levels and lead to supply chain inefficiencies. As a result of these complexities, we have limited visibility to forecast revenue projections accurately for the near and medium-term timeframes.

The market share of our customers in the communications, networking, aerospace, defense, instrumentation and industrial markets may change over time, reducing the potential value of our relationships with our existing customer base.

We have developed long-term relationships with our existing customers, including pricing contracts, custom designs and approved vendor status. If these customers lose market share to other equipment manufacturers in the

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communications, networking, aerospace, defense, instrumentation and industrial markets with whom we do not have similar relationships, our ability to maintain revenue, margin or operating performance may be adversely affected.

We may make acquisitions that are not successful, or we may fail to integrate acquired businesses into our operations properly.

We intend to continue exploring opportunities to buy other businesses or technologies that could complement, enhance, or expand our current business or product lines, or that might otherwise offer us growth opportunities. We may have difficulty finding such opportunities or, if such opportunities are identified, we may not be able to complete such transactions for reasons including a failure to secure necessary financing.

Any transactions that we are able to identify and complete may involve a number of risks, including:

In addition, we may not be able to integrate, operate, maintain or manage, successfully or profitably, our newly acquired operations or employees. We may not be able to maintain uniform standards, controls, policies and procedures, and this may lead to operational inefficiencies.

Any of these difficulties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

If we are unable to introduce innovative products, demand for our products may decrease.

Our future operating results are dependent on our ability to develop, introduce and market innovative products continually, to modify existing products, to respond to technological change and to customize some of our products to meet customer requirements. There are numerous risks inherent in this process, including the risks that we will be unable to anticipate the direction of technological change or that we will be unable to develop and market new products and applications in a timely or cost-effective manner to satisfy customer demand.

Our markets are highly competitive, and we may lose business to larger and better-financed competitors.

Our markets are highly competitive worldwide, with low transportation costs and few import barriers. We compete principally on the basis of product quality and reliability, availability, customer service, technological innovation, timely delivery and price. Within the industries in which we compete, competition has become increasingly concentrated and global in recent years.

Many of our major competitors, some of which are larger than us, and potential competitors have substantially greater financial resources and more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing and customer support capabilities. If we are unable to successfully compete against current and future competitors, our operating results will be adversely affected.

Our success depends on our ability to retain key management and technical personnel and attracting, retaining, and training new technical personnel.

Our future growth and success will depend in large part upon our ability to recruit highly-skilled technical personnel, including engineers, and to retain our existing management and technical personnel. The labor markets in which we operate are highly competitive and some of our operations are not located in highly populated areas. As a result, we may not be able to recruit and retain key personnel. Our failure to hire, retain or adequately train key personnel could have a negative impact on our performance.

We purchase certain key components and raw materials from single or limited sources and could lose sales if these sources fail to fulfill our needs for any reason, including the inability to obtain these key components or raw materials due to the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.

If single-source components or key raw materials were to become unavailable on satisfactory terms, and we could not obtain comparable replacement components or raw materials from other sources in a timely manner, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed. On occasion, one or more of the components used in our

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products have become unavailable, resulting in unanticipated redesign and related delays in shipments. Recently, the coronavirus outbreak has caused a global pandemic that has disrupted supply chains and the ability to obtain components and raw materials around the world for all companies, including us. We cannot give assurance that we will be able to obtain the necessary components and raw materials necessary to conduct our business during the coronavirus pandemic, and we also cannot give assurance that similar delays will not occur in the future. In addition, our suppliers may be impacted by compliance with environmental regulations including RoHS and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment ("WEEE"), which could disrupt the supply of components or raw materials or cause additional costs for us to implement new components or raw materials into our manufacturing processes.

As a supplier to U.S. Government defense contractors, we are subject to a number of procurement regulations and other requirements and could be adversely affected by changes in regulations or any negative findings from a U.S. Government audit or investigation.

A number of our customers are U.S. Government contractors. As one of their suppliers, we must comply with significant procurement regulations and other requirements. We also maintain registration under the International Traffic in Arms Regulations for all of our production facilities. One of those production facilities must comply with additional requirements and regulations for its production processes and for selected personnel in order to maintain the security of classified information. These requirements, although customary within these markets, increase our performance and compliance costs. If any of these various requirements change, our costs of complying with them could increase and reduce our operating margins.

We operate in a highly regulated environment and are routinely audited and reviewed by the U.S. Government and its agencies such as the Defense Contract Audit Agency and Defense Contract Management Agency. These agencies review our performance under our contracts, our cost structure and our compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards, as well as the adequacy of, and our compliance with, our internal control systems and policies. Systems that are subject to review include our purchasing systems, billing systems, property management and control systems, cost estimating systems, compensation systems and management information systems. 

Any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed or must be refunded if already reimbursed. If an audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspension, or prohibition from doing business as a supplier to contractors who sell products and services to the U.S. Government. In addition, our reputation could be adversely affected if allegations of impropriety were made against us.

From time to time, we may also be subject to U.S. Government investigations relating to our or our customers' operations and products, and are expected to perform in compliance with a vast array of federal laws, including the Truth in Negotiations Act, the False Claims Act, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations promulgated under the Arms Export Control Act, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. We or our customers may be subject to reductions of the value of contracts, contract modifications or termination, and the assessment of penalties and fines, which could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition, or result in a diminution in revenue from our customers, if we or our customers are found to have violated the law or are indicted or convicted for violations of federal laws related to government security regulations, employment practices or protection of the environment, or are found not to have acted responsibly as defined by the law. Such convictions could also result in suspension or debarment from serving as a supplier to government contractors for some period of time. Such convictions or actions could have a material adverse effect on us and our operating results. The costs of cooperating or complying with such audits or investigations may also adversely impact our financial results.

Our operating subsidiaries do not have available lines of credit to fund their businesses.

Our operating subsidiaries do not have access to any bank credit facilities and rely on the holding company for financial support in the event their operations require cash to operate or expand their businesses.

Our products are complex and may contain errors or design flaws, which could be costly to correct.

When we release new products, or new versions of existing products, they may contain undetected or unresolved errors or defects. The vast majority of our products are custom-designed for requirements of specific OEM systems. The expected business life of these products ranges from less than one year to more than 10 years depending on the application. Some of the customizations are modest changes to existing product designs while others are major product redesigns or new product platforms.

9

Despite testing, errors or defects may be found in new products or upgrades after the commencement of commercial shipments. Undetected errors and design flaws have occurred in the past and could occur in the future. These errors could result in delays, loss of market acceptance and sales, diversion of development resources, damage to the Company's reputation, product liability claims and legal action by its customers and third parties, failure to attract new customers and increased service costs.

Communications and network infrastructure equipment manufacturers increasingly rely upon contract manufacturers, thereby diminishing our ability to sell our products directly to those equipment manufacturers.

There is a continuing trend among communications and network infrastructure equipment manufacturers to outsource the manufacturing of their equipment or components. As a result, our ability to persuade these OEMs to utilize our products in customer designs could be reduced and, in the absence of a manufacturer's specification of our products, the prices that we can charge for them may be subject to greater competition.

Future changes in our environmental liability and compliance obligations may increase costs and decrease profitability.

Our present and past manufacturing operations, products, and/or product packaging are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, and the handling, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances, wastes and other chemicals. In addition, more stringent environmental regulations may be enacted in the future, and we cannot presently determine the modifications, if any, in our operations that any future regulations might require, or the cost of compliance that would be associated with these regulations.

Environmental laws and regulations may cause us to change our manufacturing processes, redesign some of our products, and change components to eliminate some substances in our products in order to be able to continue to offer them for sale.

We have significant international operations and sales to customers outside of the United States that subject us to certain business, economic and political risks.

We have office and manufacturing space in Noida, India, and a sales office in Hong Kong. Additionally, foreign revenues for 2019 and 2018 (primarily to Malaysia) accounted for 26.6% and 24.9% of our 2019 and 2018 consolidated revenues, respectively. We anticipate that sales to customers located outside of the United States will continue to be a significant part of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Our international operations and sales to customers outside of the United States subject our operating results and financial condition to certain business, economic, political, health, regulatory and other risks, including but not limited to:

Additionally, to date, very few of our international revenue and cost obligations have been denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in the value of the United States dollar relative to foreign currencies may affect our competitiveness in foreign markets. We do not currently engage in foreign currency hedging activities, but may do so in the future to the extent that we incur a significant amount of foreign-currency denominated liabilities.

Our business and operations may be adversely affected by the recent coronavirus outbreak or other similar outbreaks.

We derive a significant portion of our consolidated revenues from products that are manufactured and form part of our supply chain within our international operations. We have office and manufacturing space in Noida, India, and a sales

10

office in Hong Kong. As a result of the recent coronavirus outbreak, first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and increasingly in other locations, or other adverse public health developments, our international operations, and those of our customers and suppliers, may experience delays or disruptions, such as difficulty obtaining raw materials, logistics and supply-chain problems, and temporary suspensions of operations. In addition, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the coronavirus outbreak. 

In addition, the timeline and potential magnitude of the coronavirus outbreak is currently unknown. This disease has already resulted in a widespread health crisis that has adversely affected the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that could affect demand for our products and our operating results. The continuation or amplification of this disease over a longer period of time would have increasing adverse effects on the global economy, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on information technology systems to conduct our business, and disruption, failure or security breaches of these systems could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We rely on information technology ("IT") systems in order to achieve our business objectives. We also rely upon industry accepted security measures and technology to securely maintain confidential information maintained on our IT systems. However, our portfolio of hardware and software products, solutions and services and our enterprise IT systems may be vulnerable to damage or disruption caused by circumstances beyond our control such as catastrophic events, power outages, natural disasters, computer system or network failures, computer viruses, cyber-attacks or other malicious software programs. The failure or disruption of our IT systems to perform as anticipated for any reason could disrupt our business and result in decreased performance, significant remediation costs, transaction errors, loss of data, processing inefficiencies, downtime, litigation and the loss of suppliers or customers. A significant disruption or failure could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, financial performance and financial condition.

Cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information, and/or damage to our business relationships, all of which could negatively impact our financial results.

A cyber incident is considered to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information resources. These incidents may be an intentional attack or an unintentional event and could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. The result of these incidents may include disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to our tenant and investor relationships. As our reliance on technology increases, so will the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those we outsource. There is no guarantee that any processes, procedures and internal controls we have implemented or will implement will prevent cyber intrusions, which could have a negative impact on our financial results, operations, business relationships or confidential information.

In connection with the preparation of our annual financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. Any failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could harm us.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In connection with our audit of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, we identified a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting regarding our ineffective controls over a significant transaction in connection with the investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis. This control deficiency resulted in misstatements relating to the treatment of our investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary, which was corrected prior to the issuance of our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in this annual report on Form 10-K. As this deficiency created a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement would not be prevented or detected in a timely basis, management concluded that the control deficiency represented a material weakness and accordingly our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2019.

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We are still considering the full extent of the procedures to implement in order to remediate the material weakness described above; however, the current remediation plan includes implementing controls over calculations and conclusions associated with non-routine transactions at a more precise level of operation. We cannot assure you that any of our remedial measures will be effective in resolving this material weakness or that we will not suffer from other material weaknesses in the future.

If our management is unable to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting, or to certify the effectiveness of such controls, or if additional material weaknesses in our internal controls are identified in the future, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of public confidence, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and our stock price. In addition, if we do not maintain adequate financial and management personnel, processes and controls, we may not be able to manage our business effectively or accurately report our financial performance on a timely basis, which could cause a decline in our common stock price and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Investments

We have made a significant investment in a subsidiary that is the sponsor of a blank check company commonly referred to as a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”), and will suffer the loss of all of our investment if the SPAC does not complete an acquisition within 2 years.

In November 2019, we invested $3.35 million into a subsidiary that is obligated as the sponsor of LGL Systems Acquisition Corp (NYSE: DFNS), a blank check company. Prior to a business combination, the Sponsor holds 100% of the B shares outstanding of DFNS. The B shares equal 20% of the outstanding common stock of DFNS. Upon the successful completion of an acquisition the proforma ownership of the new company will vary depending on the business combination terms.

The Company is expected to own approximately a 43.57% interest in the sponsor through its direct investment. Assuming the terms of the business combination are identical in capital structure as that of DFNS, the Company anticipates its economic interest will include approximately 8.7% of the SPAC’s pro-forma equity immediately following a successful business combination. There can be no assurances that this scenario and the resulting ownership will manifest, as changes may be made depending upon business combination terms.

There is no assurance that the SPAC will be successful in completing a business combination or that any business combination will be successful. The Company can lose its entire investment in the SPAC if a business combination is not completed within 24 months or if the business combination is not successful, which may adversely impact our stockholder value.

Risks Related to Our Securities

The price of our common stock has fluctuated considerably and is likely to remain volatile, in part due to the limited market for our common stock.

From January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019, the high and low closing sales prices for our common stock were $15.86 and $6.00, respectively, and the average daily trading volume in our common stock during that time period was approximately 16,400 shares per day. There is a limited public market for our common stock, and we cannot provide assurances that a more active trading market will develop or be sustained. As a result of limited trading volume in our common stock, the purchase or sale of a relatively small number of shares could result in significant price fluctuations and it may be difficult for holders to sell their shares without depressing the market price for our common stock.

Additionally, the market prices of our common stock may continue to fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:

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Our officers, directors and 10% stockholders have significant voting power and may vote their shares in a manner that is not in the best interest of other stockholders.

Our officers, directors and 10% or greater stockholders control approximately 38.3% of the voting power represented by our outstanding shares of common stock as of March 27, 2020. If these stockholders act together, they may be able to exert significant control over our management and affairs requiring stockholder approval, including approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and might adversely affect the market price of our common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of all of our stockholders.

Provisions in our corporate charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of the Company, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, as well as provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware ("DGCL"), may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of the Company, even if such a change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These provisions include prohibiting our stockholders from fixing the number of directors, and establishing advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings and nominations to our board of directors (the "Board").

Additionally, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a person who owns in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or combining with us for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person acquired in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock, unless the merger or combination is approved in a prescribed manner. We have not opted out of the restrictions under Section 203, as permitted under DGCL.

None.

The Company's principal executive offices are located in Orlando, Florida within an MtronPTI operating facility. MtronPTI's operations are located in Orlando, Florida; Yankton, South Dakota; and Noida, India. PTF's operations are located in Wakefield, Massachusetts. We also have sales offices in Sacramento, California; Austin, Texas; and Hong Kong.

MtronPTI owns a facility in Orlando, Florida, containing approximately 71,000 square feet on approximately five acres of land. MtronPTI owns a facility in Yankton, South Dakota, containing approximately 32,000 square feet on approximately 11 acres of land. MtronPTI also leases approximately 13,000 square feet of office and manufacturing space in Noida, India. PTF leases approximately 3,600 square feet of office and manufacturing space in Wakefield, Massachusetts. We also lease approximately 700 square feet of office space in Hong Kong and approximately 400 square feet of office space in Sacramento, California. It is our opinion that the facilities referred to above are in good operating condition, suitable, and adequate for present uses.

None.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Market for Common Equity

Our common stock is traded on the NYSE American, under the symbol "LGL." Based upon information furnished by our transfer agent, at March 27, 2020, we had 421 holders of record of our common stock. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices for our common stock for the periods indicated as reported by the NYSE American:

On August 29, 2011, the Board authorized the Company to repurchase up to 100,000 shares of its common stock in accordance with applicable securities laws. This authorization increased the total number of shares authorized and available for repurchase under the Company's existing share repurchase program to 540,000 shares, at such times, amounts and prices as the Company shall deem appropriate. There is no expiration date for this program. As of December 31, 2019, the Company has repurchased a total of 81,584 shares of common stock under this program at a cost of $580,000, which shares are currently held in treasury; however, no shares were repurchased by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2019.

Dividend Policy

Our Board has adhered to a practice of not paying cash dividends. This policy takes into account our long-term growth objectives, including our anticipated investments for organic growth, potential technology acquisitions or other strategic ventures, and stockholders' desire for capital appreciation of their holdings. No cash dividends have been paid to our stockholders since January 30, 1989, and none are expected to be paid for the foreseeable future.

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You should read the following selected consolidated financial data together with ''Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations'' and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report.

The selected consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, are derived from our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The selected consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, are derived from our audited financial statements not included in this report. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Our historical results may not be indicative of the operating results to be expected in any future period.

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You should read the following discussion and analysis together with our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. This discussion contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding our expected financial position, business and financing plans. These statements involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this Report, particularly under the headings "Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements" and "Risk Factors."

Results of Operations

Factors Which May Influence Results of Operations

We are not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, other than national economic conditions affecting our industry generally, that may reasonably be expected to have a material impact, favorable or unfavorable, on our revenues or income other than those listed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, due to the recent outbreak of the coronavirus in the U.S. and globally, our business and operations may be impacted. The impact of the coronavirus on our future results could be significant and will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the coronavirus, the success of actions taken to contain or treat the coronavirus, and reactions by consumers, companies, governmental entities and capital markets.

2019 Compared to 2018

Consolidated Revenues, Gross Margin and Backlog

Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $31,897,000, an increase of $7,027,000, or 28.3% from revenues of $24,870,000 in 2018. The increase was primarily due to an increase in filter sales of $4,230,000.

Consolidated gross margin, which is consolidated revenues less manufacturing cost of sales, as a percentage of revenues increased to 39.2% from 38.8% for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to the prior year. The increase reflects our strategy to move away from the low margin commodities business and focus on achieving revenue growth through the development of more complex, higher margin products, particularly in the aerospace and defense product markets.

As of December 31, 2019, our order backlog was $21,857,000, an increase of 24.9% compared to a backlog of $17,506,000 as of December 31, 2018. The significant increase in backlog is primarily due to receiving orders much earlier than expected. The backlog of unfilled orders includes amounts based on signed contracts as well as agreed letters of intent, which we have determined are firm orders likely to be fulfilled in the next 12 months.

Order backlog is adjusted quarterly to reflect project cancellations, deferrals, revised project scope and cost, and sales of subsidiaries, if any. We expect to fill our entire order backlog as of December 31, 2019 in 2020, but cannot provide assurances as to what portion of the order backlog will be fulfilled in a given year.

Operating Income

Operating income of $3,439,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019, was an improvement of $2,009,000 from the year ended December 31, 2018 operating income of $1,430,000. The improvement was primarily due to the $2,857,000 increase in gross margins as a result of increased sales, offset partially by increased operating expenses of ($848,000). Engineering, selling and administrative expenses were 28.4% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 33.1% of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Interest Income, Net

Interest income, net, showed income of $2,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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Other Income, Net

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, other income, net was $484,000 and $138,000, respectively, an increase of $346,000 in the current year. This increase resulted directly from the investment income from our investment portfolio.

Income Tax Provision

We must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, tax benefits and deductions and in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of our deferred tax assets will or will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become realizable. Based upon the weighting of positive and negative evidence, the Company has determined the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income that it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets of $3,307,000 at December 31, 2019 will be utilized in the foreseeable future. At December 31, 2019, the Company’s remaining valuation allowance was $388,000, consisting primarily of tax credits expiring between 2020 and 2024. Should a change in circumstances lead to a change in judgment about the ability to realize deferred tax assets in future years, the Company will adjust related valuation allowances in the period that the change in circumstances occurs, along with a corresponding increase or charge to income.

We recorded an income tax (benefit) provision for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 of ($3,107,000) and $165,000, respectively. The change in our income tax (benefit) provision from the prior year was primarily due to the reversal of ($3,344,000) from the valuation allowance in the third quarter of 2019.

Net Income

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $7,016,000 compared with income of $1,405,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018. Basic net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1.44 and $0.30, respectively. Diluted net income per share for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1.41 and $0.29, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, cash and cash equivalents were $12,453,000 and $15,508,000, respectively.

Cash provided by operating activities was $2,666,000 and $1,656,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $1,010,000 increase was primarily due to the improvement in net income of $5,611,000, offset by the change in deferred tax assets of ($3,226,000), changes in operating assets and liabilities of ($1,210,000), and the increased gain on marketable securities of $(234,000).

Cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was ($6,163,000) and ($324,000), respectively. In 2019, we purchased marketable securities totaling $(5,050,000), and sold marketable securities totaling $3,400,000 and invested $(3,350,000) in an unconsolidated subsidiary. The capital expenditures in 2019 related primarily to improvements to the facilities of $622,000 along with the purchase of production machinery of $330,000.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, financing activity related to proceeds from stock options exercised of $442,000. For the year ended December 31, 2018, financing activity related to the $927,000 received as a result of warrant exercises, along with $27,000 received from exercises of stock options, and payments of ($28,000) related to issuance costs for the rights offering in 2017.

As of December 31, 2019, our consolidated working capital was $24,586,000, compared to $24,633,000 as of December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2019, we had current assets of $28,910,000, current liabilities of $4,324,000 and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 6.69 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2018, we had current assets of $27,385,000, current liabilities of $2,752,000 and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 9.95 to 1.00.

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Management continues to focus on efficiently managing working capital requirements to match operating activity levels, and will seek to deploy the Company’s working capital where it will generate the greatest returns.

We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our ongoing working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months from the date of this filing. However, we are continuing to monitor the outbreak of the coronavirus and its impact on our customers and suppliers, as well as our industry as a whole. The magnitude and duration of the pandemic and its impact on our operations and liquidity is uncertain as of the filing date of our report as this continues to evolve globally. However, if the outbreak continues on its current trajectory, such impacts could grow and become material. To the extent that our customers and suppliers continue to be impacted by the coronavirus outbreak, or by the other risks disclosed in our report, this could materially disrupt our business operations.

Our Board has adhered to a practice of not paying cash dividends. This policy takes into account our long-term growth objectives, including our anticipated investments for organic growth, potential technology acquisitions or other strategic ventures, and stockholders' desire for capital appreciation of their holdings. No cash dividends have been paid to the Company's stockholders since January 30, 1989, and none are expected to be paid for the foreseeable future.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our significant accounting policies are described in Note A. "Accounting and Reporting Policies" in the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company's discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company's consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to the carrying value of inventories, the likelihood of collecting outstanding accounts receivable, value of stock-based compensation, and the provision for income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. In the past, actual results have not been materially different from our estimates. However, results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Not applicable.

See the financial statements included at the end of this report beginning on page 31.

None.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to us, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

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As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, an evaluation as of December 31, 2019 was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our controls over significant transactions, as of December 31, 2019, were not effective due to the material weakness noted below.

During 2019, the Company undertook a significant transaction in connection with its investment in an unconsolidated subsidiary. Management initially concluded that the Sponsor should be consolidated, when it was later determined that the Company did not have voting control over the Sponsor and should apply the equity method instead. Furthermore, the Company wrongfully concluded that the SPAC was a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”), when it did not meet the criteria to be considered a VIE.

Despite the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, based on the corrections made to the results contained in these financial statements, our management has concluded that, notwithstanding the material weakness described above, the financial statements fairly present in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates, and for the periods presented, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management is still considering potential remediation measures to be implemented before the next significant transaction occurs. The remediation efforts, which are expected to be implemented during fiscal year 2020, will include the design and implementation of controls and processes surrounding the identification, evaluation, and approval of significant transactions.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on that evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2019.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Other than the material weakness described above that occurred during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2019, or in other factors that could significantly affect the controls, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

None.

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PART III

Directors

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors, including their business experience for the past five years (and, in some instances, for prior years) and their specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that led to the conclusion that they should serve as directors.

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21

Executive Officers

The following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers as of December 31, 2019, including their business experience for the past five years and prior years.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among our executive officers and directors. Michael J. Ferrantino, Jr. is the son of our former CEO, Michael J. Ferrantino, Sr., who resigned effective December 31, 2019.

Code of Ethics

We adopted a code of ethics as part of our Business Conduct Policy, which applies to all of our employees, including our principal executive, financial and accounting officers. Our Business Conduct Policy is available at www.lglgroup.com. Amendments to and waivers of our code of ethics and Business Conduct Policy will be disclosed on our website.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee of the Board (the "Audit Committee") consists of Messrs. Hunter, Kalha and Foufas. The Board has determined that all Audit Committee members are financially literate and independent under applicable NYSE American listing standards. Mr. Hunter serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee, and the Board has determined that he qualifies as the Audit Committee financial expert, as defined under the Exchange Act.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information with respect to compensation earned by the named executive officers:

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Employment Agreements

Michael J. Ferrantino, Sr.

Pursuant to an offer letter entered into between the Company and Michael J. Ferrantino, Sr. (the "Offer Letter") on May 21, 2014, and as revised on January 11, 2017 (the “Revised Offer Letter”), Mr. Ferrantino was eligible to receive an annual incentive payment (the "Annual Incentive Payment") based on the increase in the economic value of the Company ("EV"), as further described in the Revised Offer Letter, over the prior fiscal year. The total amount of the Annual Incentive Payments payable for any fiscal year shall be equal to 3.0% of the increase in EV over the prior fiscal year. Mr. Ferrantino's Annual Incentive Payment is included in the Summary Compensation Table above.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

There were no outstanding equity awards at fiscal year-end for any of the executives.

Non-Employee Director Compensation

The following table sets forth information with respect to compensation earned by or awarded to each non-employee director who served on the Board during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019:

In 2019, our directors also received the following in addition to the equity awards granted as part of their base compensation: (i) their annual base cash compensation of $10,000; (ii) $2,000 for each meeting of the Board attended in person or $750 for each meeting held telephonically; and (iii) the Audit Committee Chairman received a $2,000 annual cash retainer and the Nominating Committee Chairman, and Compensation Committee Chairman each received a $1,000 annual cash retainer.

The following table sets forth information regarding the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned on March 27, 2020, by:

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The amounts and percentages of common stock beneficially owned are reported on the basis of regulations of the SEC governing the determination of beneficial ownership of securities. Under the rules of the SEC, a person is deemed to be a "beneficial owner" of a security if that person has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or direct the voting of a security, or investment power, which includes the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of a security. A person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any securities of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days. Under these rules, more than one person may be deemed a beneficial owner of the same securities and a person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities as to which such person has no economic interest. Except as otherwise indicated in these footnotes, each of the beneficial owners listed has, to our knowledge, sole voting and investment power with respect to the indicated shares of common stock.

Except as otherwise set forth below, the address of each of the persons listed below is: The LGL Group, Inc., 2525 Shader Road, Orlando, Florida 32804.

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2019 about our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all of our existing equity compensation plans (including individual arrangements):

Transactions with Related Persons, Promoters and Certain Control Persons

Certain balances held and invested in various mutual funds are managed by a related entity (the "Fund Manager"), which is related through a director who is also a 10% stockholder and currently serves as an executive officer of the Fund Manager. As of December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the balance with the Fund Manager totaled $14,613,000 and $16,270,000, respectively. Fund management fees earned by the Fund Manager are anticipated to average less than 0.35% of the asset balances under management on an annual basis. The brokerage and fund transactions in 2019 and 2018 were directed solely at the discretion of the Company’s management.

Marc Gabelli, our Non-Executive Chairman also serves as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the SPAC and has invested in the SPAC’s Sponsor, and is the initial managing member of LGL Systems Nevada Management Partners LLC (“Nevada GP”), the manager of the SPAC’s Sponsor. Timothy Foufas, a member of LGL’s board of directors, is also a member of the SPAC’s Sponsor and Chief Operating Officer of the SPAC, has invested in the SPAC’s Sponsor and is a member of Nevada GP. Patrick Huvane, LGL’s senior vice president of business development, is a member of both LGL and the SPAC’s management team. Michael J. Ferrantino, Jr., a member of LGL’s board of directors, is also a member of the SPAC’s Sponsor and a board member for the SPAC. Under separate arrangement, these people may be eligible to receive incentive compensation should the SPAC complete a successful acquisition.

All transactions between us and any of our officers, directors, director nominees, principal stockholders or their immediate family members are to be approved by the Audit Committee, and are to be on terms no less favorable to us than we could obtain from unaffiliated third parties. Such policy and procedures are set forth in a resolution of the Board.

Director Independence

As required under NYSE American rules, a majority of the members of a listed company's board of directors must qualify as "independent," as affirmatively determined by such board of directors. The Board has determined that Messrs. Foufas, Hunter, Kalha and Lazar are independent within the meaning of NYSE American rules.

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Audit Fees

Aggregate audit fees for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, were $262,630 and $221,634, respectively, and include fees billed by RSM US LLP ("RSM") as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Audit fees include services relating to auditing the Company's annual financial statements, reviewing the Company's financial statements included in the Company's quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and annual report on Form 10-K.

Audit-Related Fees

During 2019, RSM rendered audit-related services in connection with the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-235767) for the Company’s securities offering and charged fees of $37,800 during the year ended December 31, 2019 for these services. RSM did not render any audit-related services during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Tax Fees

During the year ended December 31, 2019, RSM rendered tax services in connection with the Company’s required federal and state income tax reporting. Total fees charged during the year ended December 31, 2019 totaled $64,433. RSM did not render any tax services during the year ended December 31, 2018.

All Other Fees

RSM did not render any other services during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

The Audit Committee policy and procedures for the pre-approval of audit and non-audit services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm are reflected in the Audit Committee Charter. The Audit Committee Charter provides that the Audit Committee shall pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm and shall not engage the independent registered public accounting firm to perform the specific non-audit services proscribed by law or regulation. The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to a member of the Audit Committee. The decisions of any Audit Committee member to whom pre-approval authority is delegated must be presented to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.

If any services other than audit services are rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm, the Audit Committee determines whether such services are compatible with maintaining our independent registered public accounting firm's independence.

All services performed by our independent registered public accounting firm were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.

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PART IV

None.

3. Exhibit Index

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Form 10-K:

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* Filed herewith

** Furnished herewith. In accordance with Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit is not deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

⁺ Indicates management or compensatory plan.

The exhibits listed above have been filed separately with the SEC in conjunction with this Annual Report on Form 10-K or have been incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Upon request, the Company will furnish to each of its stockholders a copy of any such exhibit. Requests should be addressed to the Corporate Secretary, The LGL Group, Inc., 2525 Shader Road, Orlando, Florida 32804.

None.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of The LGL Group, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The LGL Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements (collectively, the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ RSM US LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2011.

Orlando, Florida

March 30, 2020

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THE LGL GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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THE LGL GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

33

THE LGL GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Dollars in Thousands)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

34

THE LGL GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in Thousands)

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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THE LGL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A. Accounting and Reporting Policies

Organization

The LGL Group, Inc. (the "Company"), incorporated in 1928 under the laws of the State of Indiana and reincorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 2007, is a diversified holding company with subsidiaries engaged in the design, manufacturing and marketing of highly-engineered, high reliability frequency and spectrum control products used to control the frequency or timing of signals in electronic circuits and in the design of high performance Frequency and Time Reference Standards that form the basis for timing and synchronization in various applications.

As of December 31, 2019, the subsidiaries of the Company are as follows: