LHC Group, Inc - Quarter Report: 2008 June (Form 10-Q)
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
þ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
or
o | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 0-8082
LHC GROUP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Delaware (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
71-0918189 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
420 West Pinhook Rd, Suite A
Lafayette, LA 70503
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)
Lafayette, LA 70503
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)
(337) 233-1307
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer þ | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company o | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
Number of shares of common stock, par value $0.01, outstanding as of August 4, 2008: 18,290,909
shares
LHC GROUP, INC.
INDEX
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EX-31.1 SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION OF CEO | ||||||||
EX-31.2 SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION OF CFO | ||||||||
EX-32 SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION OF CEO AND CFO |
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PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
LHC GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash |
$ | 2,880 | $ | 1,155 | ||||
Receivables: |
||||||||
Patient account receivable, less allowance for uncollectible accounts of
$8,913 and $8,953, respectively |
59,903 | 70,033 | ||||||
Other receivables |
3,578 | 2,425 | ||||||
Amounts due from governmental entities |
1,249 | 1,459 | ||||||
Total receivables, net |
64,730 | 73,917 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
3,092 | 2,946 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
4,227 | 4,423 | ||||||
Prepaid income taxes |
1,234 | | ||||||
Assets held for sale |
436 | 556 | ||||||
Total current assets |
76,599 | 82,997 | ||||||
Property, building and equipment, net |
14,610 | 12,523 | ||||||
Goodwill |
94,312 | 62,227 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
15,162 | 14,055 | ||||||
Other assets |
3,460 | 3,183 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 204,143 | $ | 174,985 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities |
$ | 9,424 | $ | 6,103 | ||||
Salaries, wages, and benefits payable |
13,404 | 11,303 | ||||||
Amounts due to governmental entities |
3,162 | 3,162 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
| 863 | ||||||
Current portion of capital lease obligations |
102 | 88 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
529 | 433 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
26,621 | 21,952 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
4,218 | 3,243 | ||||||
Revolving credit facility |
8,081 | | ||||||
Capital lease obligations, less current portion |
| 63 | ||||||
Long-term debt, less current portion |
4,751 | 2,847 | ||||||
Minority interests subject to exchanges contract and/or put options |
59 | 121 | ||||||
Other minority interests |
3,371 | 3,388 | ||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock $0.01 par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 20,830,083 and
20,725,713 shares issued and 17,876,295 and 17,775,284 shares outstanding,
respectively |
179 | 177 | ||||||
Treasury stock 2,953,788 and 2,950,429 shares at cost, respectively |
(2,939 | ) | (2,866 | ) | ||||
Additional paid-in capital |
83,987 | 81,983 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
75,815 | 64,077 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
157,042 | 143,371 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 204,143 | $ | 174,985 | ||||
See accompanying notes.
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LHC GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Net service revenue |
$ | 90,115 | $ | 70,564 | $ | 173,588 | $ | 139,291 | ||||||||
Cost of service revenue |
45,559 | 36,081 | 87,455 | 70,698 | ||||||||||||
Gross margin |
44,556 | 34,483 | 86,133 | 68,593 | ||||||||||||
Provision for bad debt |
3,623 | 2,137 | 7,309 | 3,878 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
28,723 | 23,005 | 55,596 | 43,932 | ||||||||||||
Operating income |
12,210 | 9,341 | 23,228 | 20,783 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(80 | ) | (94 | ) | (228 | ) | (176 | ) | ||||||||
Non-operating income |
407 | 305 | 808 | 598 | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations before
income taxes and minority
interest allocations |
12,537 | 9,552 | 23,808 | 21,205 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
3,907 | 3,071 | 7,270 | 6,865 | ||||||||||||
Minority interest |
2,259 | 1,107 | 4,698 | 2,914 | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
6,371 | 5,374 | 11,840 | 11,426 | ||||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations (net of
income tax benefit of $24, $215, $108 and
$382, respectively) |
37 | 336 | 167 | 602 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
6,334 | 5,038 | 11,673 | 10,824 | ||||||||||||
Redeemable minority interests |
(36 | ) | 122 | 65 | 156 | |||||||||||
Net income available to common
stockholders |
$ | 6,298 | $ | 5,160 | $ | 11,738 | $ | 10,980 | ||||||||
Earnings per share basic and diluted: |
||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations |
$ | 0.35 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.64 | ||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net |
| (0.02 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.03 | ) | |||||||||
Net income |
0.35 | 0.28 | 0.65 | 0.61 | ||||||||||||
Redeemable minority interests |
| 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders |
$ | 0.35 | $ | 0.29 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.62 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
17,849,820 | 17,754,632 | 17,824,895 | 17,751,412 | ||||||||||||
Diluted |
17,883,964 | 17,798,952 | 17,875,527 | 17,813,395 |
See accompanying notes
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LHC GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended | ||||||||
June 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Operating activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 11,673 | $ | 10,824 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization expense |
1,757 | 1,449 | ||||||
Provision for bad debts |
7,663 | 4,089 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
816 | 581 | ||||||
Minority interest in earnings of subsidiaries |
4,545 | 2,711 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
829 | (337 | ) | |||||
Gain on sale of assets |
(339 | ) | | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |
||||||||
Receivables |
1,240 | (13,782 | ) | |||||
Prepaid income taxes |
(1,234 | ) | (3,382 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
506 | (340 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
4,282 | (1,377 | ) | |||||
Net amounts due governmental entities |
210 | (56 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
31,948 | 380 | ||||||
Investing activities |
||||||||
Purchases of property, building and equipment |
(6,467 | ) | (1,517 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of assets |
3,090 | | ||||||
Cash paid for acquisitions, primarily goodwill and intangible assets |
(32,855 | ) | (9,477 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(36,232 | ) | (10,994 | ) | ||||
Financing activities |
||||||||
Proceeds from line of credit |
30,057 | | ||||||
Payments on line of credit |
(21,976 | ) | | |||||
Proceeds from debt issuance |
5,050 | | ||||||
Principal payments on debt |
(3,050 | ) | (69 | ) | ||||
Payments on capital leases |
(49 | ) | (127 | ) | ||||
Excess tax benefits from vesting of restricted stock |
33 | 91 | ||||||
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan |
253 | 173 | ||||||
Minority interest distributions, net |
(4,309 | ) | (3,013 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
6,009 | (2,945 | ) | |||||
Change in cash |
1,725 | (13,559 | ) | |||||
Cash at beginning of period |
1,155 | 26,877 | ||||||
Cash at end of period |
$ | 2,880 | $ | 13,318 | ||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information |
||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 228 | $ | 148 | ||||
Income taxes paid |
$ | 8,485 | $ | 11,336 | ||||
See accompanying notes.
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LHC GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
1. Organization
LHC Group, Inc. (the Company) is one of the largest providers of home nursing services in
the United States providing quality cost effective health care services to patients within the
comfort and privacy of their home or place of residence. The Company provides home-based services,
primarily through home nursing agencies and hospices and facility-based services, primarily through
long-term acute care hospitals and outpatient rehabilitation clinics. As of the date of this
report, the Company, through its wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries, equity joint ventures and
controlled affiliates, operated in Louisiana, Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Texas, Virginia, West
Virginia, Kentucky, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee, Ohio and Missouri. During the six months ending
June 30, 2008, the Company acquired 20 home health agencies, one hospice and initiated operations
at eight home health agencies.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information
The unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2008, the related consolidated
statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, consolidated
statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 and related notes
(collectively, these statements are referred to herein as the interim financial information) have
been prepared by LHC Group, Inc. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of
normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation in accordance with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles (US GAAP) have been included. Operating results for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be
expected for the year ending December 31, 2008.
Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements
prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted from the interim financial
information presented. This report should be read in conjunction with the Companys consolidated
financial statements and related notes included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 17,
2008, which includes information and disclosures not included herein.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported
revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Critical Accounting Policies
The most critical accounting policies relate to the principles of consolidation, revenue
recognition and accounts receivable and allowances for uncollectible accounts.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include all subsidiaries and entities controlled by the
Company. Control is generally defined by the Company as ownership of a majority of the voting
interest of an entity. The consolidated financial statements include entities in which the Company
receives a majority of the entities expected residual returns, absorbs a majority of the entitys
expected losses, or both, as a result of ownership, contractual or other financial interests in the
entity.
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All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Business combinations, which are accounted for as purchases, have been included in the consolidated
financial statements from the respective dates of acquisition.
The following describes the Companys consolidation policy with respect to its various
ventures excluding wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Equity Joint Ventures
The Companys joint ventures are structured as limited liability companies in which the
Company typically owns a majority equity interest ranging from 51 to 99 percent. Each member of all
but one of the Companys equity joint ventures participates in profits and losses in proportion to
their equity interests; the Company has one joint venture partner whose participation in losses is
limited. The Company consolidates these entities as the Company receives a majority of the
entities expected residual returns, absorbs a majority of the entities expected losses and
generally has voting control over the entity.
License Leasing Arrangements
The Company, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, leases home health licenses necessary to
operate certain of its home nursing agencies. As with wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Company owns
100 percent of the equity of these entities and consolidates them based on such ownership as well
as the Companys right to receive a majority of the entities expected residual returns and the
Companys obligation to absorb a majority of the entities expected losses.
Management Services
The Company has various management services agreements under which the Company manages certain
operations of agencies and facilities. The Company does not consolidate these agencies or
facilities, because the Company does not have an ownership interest and does not have a right to
receive a majority of the agencies or facilities expected residual returns or an obligation to
absorb a majority of the agencies or facilities expected losses.
The following table summarizes the percentage of net service revenue earned by type of
ownership or relationship the Company had with the operating entity:
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Wholly-owned subsidiaries |
49.2 | % | 46.9 | % | 48.0 | % | 46.2 | % | ||||||||
Equity joint ventures |
46.9 | 41.0 | 48.1 | 41.5 | ||||||||||||
License leasing arrangements |
2.1 | 10.0 | 2.1 | 9.8 | ||||||||||||
Management services |
1.8 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
Revenue Recognition
The Company reports net service revenue at the estimated net realizable amount due from
Medicare, Medicaid, commercial insurance, managed care payors, patients and others for services
rendered. Under Medicare, the Companys home nursing patients are classified into a group referred
to as a home health resource group prior to the receipt of services. Based on the home health
resource group, the Company is entitled to receive a prospective Medicare payment for delivering
care over a 60-day period referred to as an episode. Medicare adjusts these prospective payments
based on a variety of factors, such as low utilization, patient transfers and the level of services
provided. In calculating the Companys reported net service revenue from home nursing services, the
Company adjusts the prospective Medicare payments by an estimate of the adjustments. The
adjustments are calculated using a historical average of prior adjustments. For home nursing
services, the Company recognizes revenue based on the number of days elapsed during the episode of
care within the reporting period.
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Revenue is recognized as services are provided for the Companys long-term acute care
hospitals. Under Medicare, patients in the Companys long-term acute care facilities are classified
into long-term diagnosis-related groups. Medicare provides a fixed payment, based on the group
classification, which is subject to adjustments due to factors such as short stays. The net service
revenue for the period is reduced for the prospective payment amounts by an estimate of the
adjustments. The Company calculates the adjustment based on a historical average of prior
adjustments for claims paid.
Medicare pays the Company a per diem payment for hospice services. The Company receives one of
four predetermined daily or hourly rates based upon the level of care the Company provided. The
Company records net service revenue from hospice services based on the daily or hourly rate. The
Company recognizes revenue for hospice as services are provided.
Under Medicare, the Company is reimbursed for rehabilitation services based on a fee schedule
for services provided, which is adjusted based on the geographical area in which the facility is
located. The Company recognizes revenue as the services are provided.
The Companys Medicaid reimbursement is based on a predetermined fee schedule applied to each
service provided. Therefore, revenue is recognized for Medicaid services as services are provided
based on the fee schedule. The Companys managed care payors reimburse the Company in a manner
similar to either Medicare or Medicaid. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue from managed
care payors in the same manner as the Company recognizes revenue from Medicare or Medicaid.
The Company records management services revenue as services are provided in accordance with
the various management services agreements to which the Company is a party. As described in the
agreements, the Company provides billing, management and other consulting services suited to and
designed for the efficient operation of the applicable home nursing agency or inpatient
rehabilitation facility. The Company is responsible for the costs associated with the locations and
personnel required for the provision of the services. The Company is generally compensated based on
a percentage of net billings or an established base fee. The Company is also eligible to earn
incentive compensation on certain of the management agreements.
Net service revenue was comprised of the following:
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Home-based services |
84.8 | % | 82.2 | % | 83.4 | % | 81.2 | % | ||||||||
Facility-based services |
15.2 | 17.8 | 16.6 | 18.8 | ||||||||||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
The following table sets forth the percentage of net service revenue earned by category of
payor:
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Payor: |
||||||||||||||||
Medicare |
82.9 | % | 82.0 | % | 82.7 | % | 82.0 | % | ||||||||
Medicaid |
5.4 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.9 | ||||||||||||
Other |
11.7 | 12.4 | 12.0 | 12.1 | ||||||||||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
Home-Based Services
Home Nursing Services. The Company receives a standard prospective Medicare payment for
delivering care. The base payment, established through federal legislation, is a flat rate that is
adjusted upward or downward based
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upon differences in the expected resource needs of individual patients as indicated by
clinical severity, functional severity and service utilization. The magnitude of the adjustment is
determined by each patients categorization into one of 153 payment groups, known as home health
resource groups, and the costliness of care for patients in each group relative to the average
patient. The Companys payment is also adjusted for differences in local prices using the hospital
wage index. The Company performs payment variance analyses to verify that the models used in
projecting total net service revenue are accurately reflecting the payments to be received.
Medicare rates are subject to change. Due to the length of the Companys episodes of care, a
situation may arise where Medicare rate changes affect a prior periods net service revenue. In the
event that Medicare rates experience change, the net effect of that change will be reflected in the
current reporting period.
Final payments from Medicare may reflect one of four retroactive adjustments to ensure the
adequacy and effectiveness of the total reimbursement: (a) an outlier payment if the patients care
was unusually costly; (b) a low utilization adjustment if the number of visits was fewer than five;
(c) a partial payment if the patient transferred to another provider before completing the episode;
or (d) a payment adjustment based upon the level of therapy services required in the population
base. Management estimates the effect of these payment adjustments based on historical experience
and records this estimate during the period the services are rendered.
Hospice Services. The Companys Medicare hospice reimbursement is based on a prospective
payment system, which is updated annually. Hospice payments are subject to two caps. One cap
relates to individual programs receiving more than 20 percent of their total Medicare reimbursement
from inpatient care services. The second cap relates to individual programs receiving
reimbursements in excess of a cap amount, calculated by multiplying the number of beneficiaries
during the period by a statutory amount that is indexed for inflation. The determination for each
cap is made annually based on the 12-month period ending on October 31 of each year. This limit is
computed on a program-by-program basis. None of the Companys hospices exceeded either cap during
the six months ended June 30, 2008 or 2007.
Facility-Based Services
Long-Term Acute Care Services. The Company is reimbursed by Medicare for services provided
under the long-term acute care hospital prospective payment system, which was implemented on
October 1, 2002. Each patient is assigned a long-term care diagnosis-related group. The Company is
paid a predetermined fixed amount applicable to that particular group. The payment is intended to
reflect the average cost of treating a Medicare patient classified in that particular long-term
care diagnosis-related group. For selected patients, the amount may be further adjusted based on
length of stay and facility-specific costs, as well as in instances where a patient is discharged
and subsequently readmitted, among other factors. Similar to other Medicare prospective payment
systems, the rate is also adjusted for geographic wage differences. Revenue from patients covered
by private insurance is recognized in accordance with the terms of the individual contracts.
Outpatient Therapy Services. Outpatient therapy services are reimbursed based on a fee
schedule, subject to annual limitations. Outpatient therapy providers receive a fixed fee for each
procedure performed, adjusted for geographical area in which the facility is located. The Company
recognizes revenue as the services are provided. There are also annual Medicare beneficiary caps
that limit Medicare coverage for outpatient therapy services.
Accounts Receivable and Allowances for Uncollectible Accounts
The Company reports accounts receivable net of estimated allowances for uncollectible accounts
and adjustments. Accounts receivable are uncollateralized and primarily consist of amounts due from
third-party payors and patients. To provide for accounts receivable that could become uncollectible
in the future, the Company establishes an allowance for uncollectible accounts to reduce the
carrying amount of such receivables to their estimated net realizable value. The credit risk for
other concentrations of receivables is limited due to the significance of Medicare as the primary
payor. The Company does not believe that there are any other significant concentrations of
receivables from any particular payor that would subject it to significant credit risk in the
collection of accounts receivable.
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The amount of the provision for bad debts is based upon the Companys assessment of historical
and expected net collections, business and economic conditions and trends in government
reimbursement. Uncollectible accounts are written off when the Company has determined the account
will not be collected.
A portion of the estimated Medicare prospective payment system reimbursement from each
submitted home nursing episode is received in the form of a request for accelerated payment (RAP).
The Company submits a RAP for 60 percent of the estimated reimbursement for the initial episode at
the start of care. The full amount of the episode is billed after the episode has been completed.
The RAP received for that particular episode is deducted from the final payment. If a final bill
is not submitted within the greater of 120 days from the start of the episode, or 60 days from the
date the RAP was paid, any RAPs received for that episode will be recouped by Medicare from other
Medicare claims in process for that particular provider. The RAP and final claim must then be
re-submitted. For subsequent episodes of care contiguous with the first episode for a particular
patient, the Company submits a RAP for 50 percent instead of 60 percent of the estimated
reimbursement. The remaining 50 percent reimbursement is requested upon completion of the episode.
The Company has earned net service revenue in excess of billings rendered to Medicare. Only a
nominal portion of the amounts due to the Medicare program represent cash collected in advance of
providing services.
Medicare reimbursement is a prospectively set amount that can be determined at the time
services are rendered. Medicaid reimbursement is based on a predetermined fee schedule applied to
each individual service provided by the Company. The Companys managed care contracts are
structured similar to either the Medicare or Medicaid payment methodologies. Because of the payor
mix, the Company is able to calculate the actual amount due at the patient level and adjust the
gross charges to the actual amount expected to be received for services at the time of billing. An
estimated contractual allowance is therefore not needed at the time the Company reports net service
revenue for each reporting period.
Other Significant Accounting Policies
Earnings Per Share
Basic per share information is computed by dividing the relevant amounts from the Consolidated
Statements of Income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted per share information is computed by dividing the relevant amounts from the Consolidated
Statements of Income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding plus dilutive potential
shares.
The following table sets forth shares used in the computation of basic and diluted per share
information:
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding for basic per share
calculation |
17,849,820 | 17,754,632 | 17,824,895 | 17,751,412 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive potential shares: |
||||||||||||||||
Options |
2,379 | 7,871 | 2,789 | 7,856 | ||||||||||||
Restricted stock |
31,765 | 36,449 | 47,843 | 54,127 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted weighted average shares
for diluted per share calculation |
17,883,964 | 17,798,952 | 17,875,527 | 17,813,395 | ||||||||||||
Minority Interest Subject to Exchange Contracts
One of the Companys joint venture agreements allows the minority interest holders to put
their minority interest to the Company. The put option allows the minority interest holder to
exchange their minority interest for cash
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based on the joint ventures EDITDA for the prior fiscal year and the Companys stock price.
During the first quarter of 2008, certain minority interest holders redeemed their interest in the
joint venture, resulting in a cash payment of approximately $89,000. In connection with the
partial redemption of certain minority interests, the Company decreased minority interests by
approximately $84,000 and increased retained earnings by the same amount, representing the fair
value at December 31, 2007 of the shares converted during the first quarter of 2008.
Simultaneously, the Company recorded goodwill of $89,000 to represent the value of the minority
interests redeemed. The Company also recorded a mark to market expense of $19,000 for the six
months ended June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, all but two of the minority interest holders have
converted their interests to cash.
Reclassifications
Excess tax benefits from the vesting of restricted stock has been reclassified from operating
activities to financing activities on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months
ended June 30, 2007 to conform to the current year presentation.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS 141R). Under
SFAS 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all assets acquired and liabilities
assumed in a transaction at fair value on the acquisition-date, with limited exceptions. SFAS 141R
changes the accounting treatment and disclosure requirements for certain items in a business
combination. For instance, acquisition-related costs, with the exception of debt or equity
issuance costs, are to be recognized as an expense in the period that the costs are incurred and
the services are received. Currently, these costs are included as part of the purchase price and
allocated to the assets acquired including goodwill. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business
combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual
reporting period beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company
expects SFAS 141R will have an effect on accounting for business combinations once adopted but the
effect is dependent upon acquisitions subsequent to adoption.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financial Statements An Amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS 160). SFAS 160 establishes new
accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the
deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after
December 15, 2008. Management has not yet completed its evaluation of the potential effect of the
adoption of SFAS 160 on the Companys consolidated financial position, results of operations and
cash flows.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), which
defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in US GAAP and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value
measurements but rather eliminates inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting
pronouncements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-2, which deferred
the effective date for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, until
fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
These nonfinancial items include assets and liabilities such as reporting units measured at fair
value in goodwill impairment tests and nonfinancial assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a
business combination. The Company adopted SFAS 157 for financial assets and liabilities recognized
at fair value on recurring bases effective January 1, 2008. The partial adoption of SFAS 157 for
financial assets and liabilities did not have a material effect on the Companys consolidated
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159). Under SFAS 159, companies may elect to measure certain
financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The standard requires that unrealized
gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported in
operations. SFAS 159 was effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2008. The
Company did not elect to fair value any eligible items during the first quarter of 2008.
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Therefore, the adoption of SFAS 159 did not affect the Companys consolidated financial position,
results of operations or cash flows.
3. Acquisitions and Divestitures
The following acquisitions were completed pursuant to the Companys strategy of becoming the
leading provider of post-acute health care services in the United States. The purchase price of
each acquisition was determined based on the Companys analysis of comparable acquisitions and the
target markets potential cash flows. Goodwill generated from the acquisitions was recognized based
on the expected contributions of each acquisition to the overall corporate strategy.
2008 Acquisitions
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company acquired the existing operations of
three entities operating a total of 16 agencies and a majority ownership in four entities operating
a total of five agencies. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was $32.5 million,
including $1.2 million of acquisition costs. Goodwill of $31.5 million was assigned to the
home-based services segment related to the acquisitions, of which $9.0 million is not deductible
for income tax purposes. The Company also acquired an additional ownership interest in one of its
majority-owned hospitals for $1.0 million, paid by issuing 51,736 shares of its common stock.
Goodwill of $1.0 million related to this acquisition, which is nondeductible for income tax
purposes, was assigned to the facility-based services segment.
The allocation of the purchase price for certain acquisitions during the six months ended June
30, 2008 has not been finalized and is subject to change upon completion of final valuation.
In conjunction with certain minority interest holders redeeming their interest in one of the
Companys joint ventures, $89,000 of goodwill, which is not deductible for income tax purposes, was
recognized in the facility-based services segment. See Footnote 7 for further detail.
The changes in recorded goodwill by segment for the six months ended June 30, 2008 were as
follows:
Six Months | ||||
Ended | ||||
June 30, 2008 | ||||
(in thousands) | ||||
Home-based services segment: |
||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
$ | 57,884 | ||
Goodwill acquired during the period from acquisitions |
30,962 | |||
Balance at June 30, 2008 |
$ | 88,846 | ||
Facility-based services segment: |
||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
$ | 4,343 | ||
Goodwill acquired during the period from redemption of minority interest |
1,123 | |||
Balance at June 30, 2008 |
$ | 5,466 | ||
There were no dispositions during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
The above transactions were considered to be immaterial individually and in the aggregate.
Accordingly, no supplemental pro forma information is required.
4. Credit Arrangements
Long-Term Debt
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Long-term debt consisted of the following:
June 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Notes payable: |
|||||||||||
Due in monthly installments of $28,056 through February 2015 at
LIBOR
plus 1.90% (5.06% at June 30, 2008) |
$ | 4,938 | $ | | |||||||
Due in monthly installments of $12,500 through November 2009 at 5.78% |
192 | 260 | |||||||||
Due in yearly installments of $50,000 through August 2010 at 6.25% |
150 | 150 | |||||||||
Due in monthly installments of $20,565 through October 2015 at LIBOR
plus 2.25% (6.71% at December 31, 2007) |
| 2,870 | |||||||||
5,280 | 3,280 | ||||||||||
Less current portion of long-term debt |
529 | 433 | |||||||||
$ | 4,751 | $ | 2,847 | ||||||||
In February 2008, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Capital One, National
Association (Capital One) for a term note in the amount of $5.1 million for the purchase of a
1999 Cessna 560 aircraft. The aircraft is collateral for the term note, which is payable in 84
monthly installments of principal plus interest commencing on March 6, 2008 and ending on February
6, 2015. The term note bears interest at the LIBOR Rate (adjusted monthly) plus the Applicable
Margin of 1.9 percent.
On February 28, 2008, the Company paid its prior promissory note with Bancorp Equipment
Finance, Inc. in full. The note was collateralized by the Companys previous aircraft, which was
sold in February 2008 for $3.1 million. The sale resulted in a gain of $315,000.
Certain of the Companys loan agreements contain restrictive covenants, including limitations
on indebtedness and the maintenance of certain financial ratios. At June 30, 2008 and December 31,
2007, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
Credit Facilities
On February 20, 2008, the Company entered into a new credit facility agreement with Capital
One (New Credit Facility), which was amended on March 6, 2008 to include an additional lender,
First Tennessee Bank, N.A., to increase the line of credit from $25 million to $37.5 million and to
amend the Eurodollar Margin for each Eurodollar Loan (as those terms are defined in the New Credit
Facility) issued under the New Credit Facility. The Credit Agreement was amended and restated on
June 12, 2008 to add Branch Banking and Trust Company as a Lender and to increase the maximum
aggregate principal amount of the line of credit from $37.5 million to $75.0 million. The New
Credit Facility is unsecured, has a term of two years and a letter of credit sublimit of $2.5
million. The annual facility fee is 0.125 percent of the total availability. The interest rate
for borrowings under the New Credit Agreement is a function of the prime rate (Base Rate) or the
Eurodollar rate (Eurodollar), as elected by the Company, plus the applicable margin based on the
Leverage Ratio as defined in the New Credit Facility. At June 30, 2008, $8.1 million was
outstanding under the New Credit Facility.
On February 20, 2008, the Company terminated its credit facility agreement with C.F.
Blackburn, LLC successor by assignment to Residential Funding Company, LLC, f/k/a Residential
Funding Corporation (Former Credit Facility). No amounts were outstanding under this facility at
December 31, 2007. The Former Credit Facility was due to expire on April 15, 2010.
5. Income Taxes
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in interest
expense and general and administrative expense, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the Company has
no unrecognized tax benefit and no accrued interest or penalties relating to unrecognized income
tax benefits recognized in the statements of income.
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The Company is subject to both federal and state income tax for jurisdictions in which it
operates. Within these jurisdictions, the Company is open to examination for tax years ended after
December 31, 2003.
6. Stockholders Equity
The following table summarizes the activity in stockholders equity for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands, except share data):
Common Stock | Additional | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issued | Treasury | Paid-In | Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Capital | Earnings | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2007 |
$ | 177 | 20,725,713 | $ | (2,866 | ) | 2,950,429 | $ | 81,983 | $ | 64,077 | $ | 143,371 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | | 11,673 | 11,673 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock to
joint venture partners in
exchange for a portion of
their minority ownership |
1 | 51,736 | | | 1,033 | | 1,034 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nonvested stock compensation |
| | | | 816 | | 816 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of non-vested
restricted stock |
| 39,659 | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Treasury shares redeemed to
pay income tax |
| | (73 | ) | 3,359 | | | (73 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Excess tax benefits from
issuance of nonvested stock |
| | | | (97 | ) | | (97 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock
under Employee Stock
Purchase Plan |
1 | 12,975 | | | 252 | | 253 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Recording minority interest
in joint venture at
redemption
value |
| | | | | 65 | 65 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at June 30, 2008 |
$ | 179 | 20,830,083 | $ | (2,939 | ) | 2,953,788 | $ | 83,987 | $ | 75,815 | $ | 157,042 | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Stock
As discussed in Footnote 3, the Company issued 51,736 shares of common stock to purchase an
additional ownership percentage in one of its majority-owned hospitals. The stock was valued as of
May 14, 2008, the effective date of the acquisition.
Share Based Compensation
On January 20, 2005, the board of directors and stockholders of the Company approved the 2005
Long Term Incentive Plan (the Incentive Plan). The Incentive Plan provides for 1,000,000 shares
of common stock that may be issued or transferred pursuant to awards made under the plan. A
variety of discretionary awards for employees, officers, directors and consultants are authorized
under the Incentive Plan, including incentive or non-qualified statutory stock options and
restricted stock. All awards must be evidenced by a written award certificate which will include
the provisions specified by the compensation committee of the board of directors. The compensation
committee will determine the exercise price for non-statutory stock options. The exercise price
for any option cannot be less than the fair market value of our common stock as of the date of
grant.
Also on January 20, 2005, the 2005 Director Compensation Plan was adopted. The shares issued
under our 2005 Director Compensation Plan are issued from the 1,000,000 shares reserved for
issuance under our Incentive Plan.
Stock Options
As of June 30, 2008, 19,000 options were issued and exercisable. During the six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, no options were forfeited and no options were granted. There were no
options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2008. During the six months ended June 30,
2007, 2,000 options were exercised.
Nonvested Stock
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During the six months ended June 30, 2008, 16,100 nonvested shares of stock were granted to
our independent directors under the 2005 Director Compensation Plan. All of these shares vest one
year from the grant date. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, 124,528 nonvested shares were
granted to employees pursuant to the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. All of these shares vest over
a five year period. The fair value of nonvested shares is determined based on the closing trading
price of the Companys shares on the grant date. The weighted average grant date fair value of
nonvested shares granted during the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $17.00.
The following table represents the nonvested stock activity for the six months ended June 30,
2008:
Weighted | ||||||||
average | ||||||||
Number of | grant date | |||||||
Shares | fair value | |||||||
Nonvested shares outstanding at December 31, 2007 |
218,832 | $ | 24.83 | |||||
Granted |
140,628 | $ | 17.00 | |||||
Vested |
(39,659 | ) | $ | 26.22 | ||||
Forfeited |
(19,572 | ) | $ | 22.38 | ||||
Nonvested shares outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
300,229 | $ | 22.10 |
As of June 30, 2008, there was $7.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to
nonvested shares granted. That cost is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period
of 3.9 years. The total fair value of shares vested in the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
was $1.0 million and $419,000, respectively. The Company records compensation expense related to
nonvested share awards at the grant date for shares that are awarded fully vested, and over the
vesting term on a straight line basis for shares that vest over time. The Company has recorded
$816,000 and $581,000 of compensation expense related to nonvested stock grants in the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company has a plan whereby eligible employees may purchase the Companys common stock at
95 percent of the market price on the last day of the calendar quarter. There are 250,000 shares
reserved for the plan. The Company issued 5,658 shares of common stock under the plan at a per
share price of $23.73 during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 7,317 shares at a per share
price of $15.96 during the three months ended June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008 there were
213,036 shares available for future issuance.
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Contingencies
The terms of several joint venture operating agreements provide buy/sell terms that would
require the Company to either purchase or sell the existing membership interest in the joint
venture upon receipt of the notice to exercise the provision. Both the Company and its joint
venture partners have the right to exercise the buy/sell agreement. The party receiving the
exercise notice has the right to purchase the interests held by the other party, sell its interests
to the other party, or dissolve the partnership. The purchase price formula for the interests is
set forth in the joint venture agreement and is generally based on a multiple of the earnings
before income taxes and depreciation and amortization of the joint venture. The Company has not
received notice from any joint venture partners of their intent to exercise the terms of the
buy/sell agreement nor has the Company notified any joint venture partners of its intent to
exercise the terms of the buy/sell agreement.
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of
business. Although the results of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management
believes the outcome of pending litigation will not have a material adverse effect, after
considering the effect of the Companys insurance coverage, on the Companys consolidated financial
statements.
Compliance
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The laws and regulations governing the Companys operations, along with the terms of
participation in various government programs, regulate how the Company does business, the services
offered and its interactions with patients and the public. These laws and regulations and their
interpretations, are subject to frequent change. Changes in existing laws or regulations, or their
interpretations, or the enactment of new laws or regulations could materially and adversely affect
the Companys operations and financial condition.
The Company is subject to various routine and non-routine governmental reviews, audits and
investigations. In recent years, federal and state civil and criminal enforcement agencies have
heightened and coordinated their oversight efforts related to the health care industry, including
with respect to referral practices, cost reporting, billing practices, joint ventures and other
financial relationships among health care providers. Violation of the laws governing the Companys
operations, or changes in the interpretation of those laws, could result in the imposition of
fines, civil or criminal penalties, termination of the Companys rights to participate in federal
and state-sponsored programs and suspension or revocation of the Companys licenses.
If the Companys long-term acute care hospitals fail to meet or maintain the standards for
Medicare certification as long-term acute care hospitals, such as average minimum length of patient
stay, they will receive payments under the prospective payment system applicable to general acute
care hospitals rather than payment under the system applicable to long-term acute care hospitals.
Payments at rates applicable to general acute care hospitals would likely result in the Company
receiving less Medicare reimbursement than currently received for patient services. Moreover, all
of the Companys long-term acute care hospitals are subject to additional Medicare criteria because
they operate as separate hospitals located in space leased from, and located in, a general acute
care hospital, known as a host hospital. This is known as a hospital within a hospital model.
These additional criteria include requirements concerning financial and operational separateness
from the host hospital.
The Company anticipates there may be changes to the standard episode-of-care payment from
Medicare in the future. Due to the uncertainty of the revised payment amount, the Company cannot
estimate the effect that changes in the payment rate, if any, will have on its future financial
statements.
The Company believes that it is in material compliance with all applicable laws and
regulations and is not aware of any pending or threatened investigations involving allegations of
potential wrongdoing. While no such regulatory inquiries have been made, compliance with such laws
and regulations can be subject to future government review and interpretation as well as
significant regulatory action, including fines, penalties and exclusion from the Medicare program.
8. Segment Information
The Companys segments consist of home-based services and facility-based services. Home-based
services include home nursing services and hospice services. Facility-based services include
long-term acute care services and outpatient therapy services. The accounting policies of the
segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Home-Based | Facility-Based | |||||||||||
Services | Services | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net service revenue |
$ | 76,419 | $ | 13,696 | $ | 90,115 | ||||||
Cost of service revenue |
37,443 | 8,116 | 45,559 | |||||||||
Provision for bad debts |
3,085 | 538 | 3,623 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
25,058 | 3,665 | 28,723 | |||||||||
Operating income |
10,833 | 1,377 | 12,210 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
(62 | ) | (18 | ) | (80 | ) | ||||||
Non-operating income |
360 | 47 | 407 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income
taxes and minority interest |
11,131 | 1,406 | 12,537 | |||||||||
Minority interest |
1,978 | 281 | 2,259 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |
9,153 | 1,125 | 10,278 | |||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 181,362 | $ | 22,781 | $ | 204,143 |
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Three Months Ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Home-Based | Facility-Based | |||||||||||
Services | Services | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net service revenue |
$ | 57,992 | $ | 12,572 | $ | 70,564 | ||||||
Cost of service revenue |
27,711 | 8,370 | 36,081 | |||||||||
Provision for bad debts |
1,422 | 715 | 2,137 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
19,375 | 3,630 | 23,005 | |||||||||
Operating
income (loss) |
9,484 | (143 | ) | 9,341 | ||||||||
Interest expense |
(63 | ) | (31 | ) | (94 | ) | ||||||
Non-operating income |
213 | 92 | 305 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income
taxes and minority interest |
9,634 | (82 | ) | 9,552 | ||||||||
Minority interest |
987 | 120 | 1,107 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |
8,647 | (202 | ) | 8,445 | ||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 129,856 | $ | 33,205 | $ | 163,061 |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Home-Based | Facility-Based | |||||||||||
Services | Services | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net service revenue |
$ | 144,782 | $ | 28,806 | $ | 173,588 | ||||||
Cost of service revenue |
70,822 | 16,633 | 87,455 | |||||||||
Provision for bad debts |
6,331 | 978 | 7,309 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
48,219 | 7,377 | 55,596 | |||||||||
Operating income |
19,410 | 3,818 | 23,228 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
(163 | ) | (65 | ) | (228 | ) | ||||||
Non-operating income |
645 | 163 | 808 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income
taxes and minority interest |
19,892 | 3,916 | 23,808 | |||||||||
Minority interest |
3,717 | 981 | 4,698 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |
16,175 | 2,935 | 19,110 | |||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 181,362 | $ | 22,781 | $ | 204,143 |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Home-Based | Facility-Based | |||||||||||
Services | Services | Total | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net service revenue |
$ | 113,058 | $ | 26,233 | $ | 139,291 | ||||||
Cost of service revenue |
53,739 | 16,959 | 70,698 | |||||||||
Provision for bad debts |
2,646 | 1,232 | 3,878 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses |
35,986 | 7,946 | 43,932 | |||||||||
Operating income |
20,687 | 96 | 20,783 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
(116 | ) | (60 | ) | (176 | ) | ||||||
Non-operating income |
416 | 182 | 598 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income
taxes and minority interest |
20,987 | 218 | 21,205 | |||||||||
Minority interest |
2,408 | 506 | 2,914 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |
18,579 | (288 | ) | 18,291 | ||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 129,856 | $ | 33,205 | $ | 163,061 |
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations,
beliefs, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions
concerning matters that are not historical facts or that necessarily depend upon future events. The
words may, will, should, could, would, expect, plan, intend, anticipate,
believe, estimate, project, predict, potential or other similar expressions are intended
to identify forward-looking statements. Specifically, this report contains, among others,
forward-looking statements about:
§ | our expectations regarding financial condition or results of operations for periods after June 30, 2008; | ||
§ | our critical accounting policies; | ||
§ | our business strategies and our ability to grow our business; | ||
§ | our participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs; | ||
§ | the reimbursement levels of Medicare and other third-party payors; | ||
§ | the prompt receipt of payments from Medicare and other third-party payors; | ||
§ | our future sources of and needs for liquidity and capital resources; | ||
§ | the value of our investments; | ||
§ | the effect of any changes in market rates on our operations and cash flows; | ||
§ | our ability to obtain financing; | ||
§ | our ability to make payments as they become due; | ||
§ | the outcomes of various routine and non-routine governmental reviews, audits and investigations; | ||
§ | our expansion strategy, the successful integration of recent acquisitions and, if necessary, the ability to relocate or restructure our current facilities; | ||
§ | the value of our proprietary technology; | ||
§ | the impact of legal proceedings; | ||
§ | our insurance coverage; | ||
§ | the costs of medical supplies; | ||
§ | our competitors and our competitive advantages; | ||
§ | our ability to attract and retain valuable employees; | ||
§ | the payment of dividends; | ||
§ | the price of our stock; | ||
§ | our compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; | ||
§ | our compliance with health care laws and regulations; | ||
§ | our compliance with Security and Exchange Commission laws and regulations and Sarbanes-Oxley requirements; |
18
Table of Contents
§ | the impact of federal and state government regulation on our business; and | ||
§ | the impact of changes in our future interpretations of fraud, anti-kickbacks or other laws. |
The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our current views about future
events and are based on assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties.
Many important factors could cause actual results or achievements to differ materially from any
future results or achievements expressed in or implied by our forward-looking statements. Many of
the factors that will determine future events or achievements are beyond our ability to control or
predict. Important factors that could cause actual results or achievements to differ materially
from the results or achievements reflected in our forward-looking statements include, among other
things, the factors discussed in the Part II, Item 1A Risk Factors, included in this report and
in other of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC), including our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2007. This report should be read in conjunction with that annual report on Form 10-K,
and all our other filings, including quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form
8-K, made with the SEC through the date of this report.
You should read this report, the information incorporated by reference into this report and
the documents filed as exhibits to this report completely and with the understanding that our
actual future results or achievements may be materially different from what we expect or
anticipate.
The forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our views and assumptions only
as of the date this report is signed. Except as required by law, we assume no responsibility for
updating any forward-looking statements.
We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. In addition,
with respect to all of our forward-looking statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor
for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Unless the context otherwise requires, we, us, our, and the Company refer to LHC
Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Overview
We provide post-acute health care services, through our home nursing agencies, hospices,
long-term acute care hospitals (LTACHs) and an outpatient rehabilitation clinic. Our founders
began operations in 1994 with one home nursing agency in Palmetto, Louisiana. Since then, we have
grown to 198 service providers in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, Arkansas, Virginia, West
Virginia, Kentucky, Florida, Tennessee, Georgia, Ohio and Missouri as of June 30, 2008.
Segments
We operate in two segments for financial reporting purposes: home-based services and
facility-based services. During the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, home-based services
accounted for 84.8% and 82.2%, respectively, of our net service revenue and 83.4% and 81.2% for the
six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The remaining net service revenue balance
relates to our facility-based services segment.
Through our home-based services segment we offer a wide range of services, including skilled
nursing, private duty nursing, medically-oriented social services, hospice care and physical,
occupational and speech therapy. As of June 30, 2008, we owned and operated 167 home nursing
locations, 10 hospices, two private duty agencies and two diabetes self management companies. We
also manage the operations of four locations in which we have no ownership interest. Of our 185
home-based services locations, 107 are wholly-owned by us, 67 are majority-owned or controlled by
us through joint ventures, seven are license lease arrangements and we manage the operations of the
remaining four locations. We intend to increase the number of home nursing agencies that we operate
through continued acquisitions and development throughout the United States. As we acquire and
develop home nursing agencies, we anticipate the percentage of our net service revenue and
operating income derived from our home-based services segment will increase.
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We provide facility-based services principally through our LTACHs and an outpatient
rehabilitation clinic. As of June 30, 2008, we owned and operated four long-term acute care
hospitals with seven locations, of which all but one are located within host hospitals. We also
owned and operated one outpatient rehabilitation clinic, two medical equipment locations, a health
club and a pharmacy. Of these twelve facility-based services locations, six are wholly-owned by us
and six are majority-owned or controlled by us through joint ventures. We also manage the
operations of one inpatient rehabilitation facility in which we have no ownership interest. Due to
our emphasis on expansion through the acquisition and development of home nursing agencies, we
anticipate that the percentage of our net service revenue and operating income derived from our
facility-based services will decline.
Recent Developments
Medicare
Home-Based Services. The base payment rate for Medicare home nursing in 2008 is $2,270.32 per
a 60-day episode. Since the inception of the prospective payment system in October 2000, the base
episode rate payment has varied due to both the impact of annual market basket based increases and
Medicare-related legislation. Home health payment rates are updated annually by either the full
home health market basket percentage, or by the home health market basket percentage as adjusted by
Congress. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) establish the home health market
basket index, which measures inflation in the prices of an appropriate mix of goods and services
included in home health services.
In August 2007, CMS released a final rule, updating and making major refinements to the
Medicare home health prospective payment system for 2008 (the Final Rule). The Final Rule,
including any amendments thereto, was effective on January 1, 2008. CMS instituted these changes
to the home health payment system to account for reported increases over the past several years in
the home health case-mix, which CMS believes have been caused by changes in home health agencies
(HHA) coding practices and documentation not by the treatment of resource-intense patients.
CMS thus designed the new case-mix model to better predict the resource-intensity required by home
health beneficiaries over the 60-day episode of care, which would, in turn, improve the accuracy of
Medicare reimbursement to HHAs. To effectuate the improvements, the new model does the following:
(1) enables more precise coding for co-morbidities and the differing health characteristics of
longer-stay patients; (2) accounts more accurately for the effect of rehabilitation services on
resource use; and (3) lessens the risk of overutilization of therapy services by replacing the
single threshold (10 visits per episode) with three thresholds (at 6, 14 and 20 visits), as well as
a graduated bonus system based on severity between each threshold.
Also, to address the increases in case-mix that CMS views as unrelated to home health
patients clinical conditions, the Final Rule implemented a reduction in the
national standardized 60-day episode payment rate for four years. A 2.75 percent reduction began
in 2008 and will continue for three years, with a 2.71 percent reduction in the fourth year. Also,
in the Final Rule, CMS finalized the market basket increase of 3.0 percent, a 0.1 percent increase
from the proposed rule. When the market basket update is viewed in conjunction with (1) the 2.75
percent reduction in home health payment rates for 2008; (2) the implementation of the new case-mix
adjustment system; (3) the changes in the wage index; and
(4) the other changes made in the Final
Rule CMS predicts a 0.8 percent increase in payments for urban HHAs and a 1.77 percent decrease
in payments for rural HHAs. Collectively, the changes in the final rule (not including the
case-mix or wage index adjustments) decrease the national 60-day episode payment rate for HHAs from
the 2007 level of $2,339.00 to $2,270.32 in 2008.
In July 2008, the U.S. Senate passed H.R. 6331 (The Medicare Improvement for Patients and
Providers Act of 2008) which preserved the 2009 market basket inflation updates for Medicare home
health care and hospice providers. The market basket increase for home health care and hospice
providers is currently estimated to be 3.0 percent for 2009. The Medicare Improvement for Patients
and Providers Act of 2008 did not include a rural add-on for home health providers in 2009.
In June 2007, CMS announced a 3.3 percent rate increase for hospice care and hospice services
provided during the twelve-month period beginning on October 1, 2007 through September 30, 2008. In
addition, CMS also announced that the hospice cap amount for the year ending October 31, 2007 was
$21,410.
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Facility-Based Services. LTACHs are primarily engaged in the hospital treatment of medically
complex patients requiring long inpatient stays. In doing so, they utilize a physician directed
multi-disciplinary team of health care practitioners. Patients are assessed before admission for
appropriateness and, if admitted, an individualized goal oriented treatment plan is developed with
re-assessments occurring at least weekly.
Until 2002, LTACHs were paid by Medicare on a reasonable cost basis. Since that time,
LTACHs are paid under a prospective payment system called MS-LTC-DRGs which, rather than cost, pays
based on the resources typically utilized to care for patients with the same diagnoses. The
standard Medicare rate per discharge for fiscal year 2009 is $39,114.36. Payments are increased or
decreased from the standard rate to account for age, co-morbidities, complications, and procedures.
Beginning in 2004, LTACHs that are co-located with another hospital have special payment
limitations if certain percentage thresholds of Medicare patients are admitted from the co-located
hospital. Six of our LTACH locations are co-located.
On December 29, 2007, the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Extension Act (MMSEA) became
effective. Under MMSEA, the percentage threshold for each of our co-located facilities was
increased to 75 percent. Consequently, beginning with our next cost reporting year, September 1,
2008, there will be no reduction in Medicare reimbursement unless more than 75 percent of Medicare
patients are admitted from the co-located hospital. As none of our locations have ever admitted
more than 60 percent of its Medicare patients from a co-located hospital, the MMSEA percentage
threshold increase should have a positive impact on the Company.
In addition to the percentage threshold increase, MMSEA created a three year moratorium,
absent qualification for narrow exceptions, on new LTACHs and satellite facilities of LTACHs, as
well as a prohibition on bed increases in existing facilities. Accordingly, competition among
LTACH providers during the moratorium should be limited. MMSEA also provided for a three year
delay in a scheduled 3.75 percent payment reduction in the LTACH Standard Rate, as well as a delay
in reduction in payments for very short stay patients.
MMSEA also imposed new criteria on providers in order to be paid as an LTACH. In addition to
being required to maintain an average length of stay for Medicare patients in excess of 25 days,
all LTACHs must now be primarily engaged in providing inpatient services by or under the
supervision of a physician to Medicare beneficiaries whose medically complex condition require a
long stay. Also, LTACHs must now document in the Medicaid record a patient review process that
screens patients prior to admission for appropriateness; validates within 48 hours of admission
that patients meet admission criteria for long term care hospitals; regularly evaluates patients
throughout their stay for continuation of LTACH care; and assesses the available discharge options
when patients no longer meet continued stay criteria. In addition, the LTACH must have active
physician involvement with patients during their treatment through an organized medical staff,
physician directed treatment with physician on-site availability on a daily basis to review patient
progress. Consulting physicians must be on call and capable of being at the patients side
within a moderate amount of time.
MMSEA also requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to conduct a study and report
to Congress within 18 months on the establishment of a new LTACH payment system based on the
establishment of LTACH facility and patient criteria for purposes of determining medical necessity,
appropriateness of admission and continued stay.
Finally, MMSEA also established expanded medical necessity review by fiscal intermediaries and
Medicare administrative contractors. The reviews are retroactive to October 1, 2007, and must
guarantee that at least 75 percent of overpayments to LTACHs for medically unnecessary services are
recovered.
Under Medicare, the Company is reimbursed for rehabilitation services based on a fee schedule
for services provided adjusted by the geographical area in which the facility is located. On
February 1, 2006, Congress passed the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, which implemented, among other
things, an annual $1,740 Medicare Part B
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outpatient therapy cap that was effective on January 1,
2006. CMS subsequently increased the therapy cap to $1,780 on January 1, 2007, and to $1,810
January 1, 2008. The legislation also required CMS to implement a broad process for reviewing
medically necessary therapy claims, creating an exception to the cap. The exception process, which
was set to expire on January 1, 2007, was included in the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006
and continued to
function as an exception to the Medicare Part B outpatient therapy cap until January 1, 2008. The
MMSEA further extended the Medicare Part B outpatient therapy
cap until June 30, 2008. H.R. 6331 extended the therapy cap exception for outpatient rehabilitation
clinics to December 31, 2009.
Office of Inspector General
The Office of Inspector General (OIG) has a responsibility to report both to the Secretary
of the Department of Health and Human Services and to Congress any program and management problems
related to programs such as Medicare. The OIGs duties are carried out through a nationwide
network of audits, investigations and inspections. Each year, the OIG outlines areas it intends to
study relating to a wide range of providers. In its fiscal year 2008 workplans, the OIG indicated
its intent to study topics relating to, among others, home health, hospice, long-term care
hospitals and certain outpatient rehabilitation services. No estimate can be made at this time
regarding the impact, if any, of the OIGs findings.
Results of Operations
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts
At June 30, 2008, the Companys allowance for uncollectible accounts, as a percentage of
patient accounts receivable, was approximately 13.0%, or $8.9 million, compared to 11.3% at
December 31, 2007.
The following table sets forth as of June 30, 2008, the aging of accounts receivable (based on
the billing date) and the total allowance for uncollectible accounts expressed as a percentage of
the related aged accounts receivable:
Payor | 0-30 | 31-60 | 61-90 | 91-120 | 121-150 | 151-180 | 181-240 | 241+ | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medicare |
$ | 20,662 | $ | 1,042 | $ | 3,354 | $ | 3,170 | $ | 2,746 | $ | 2,952 | $ | 1,174 | $ | 7,986 | $ | 43,086 | ||||||||||||||||||
Medicaid |
2,667 | 474 | 745 | 540 | 535 | 976 | 519 | 3,405 | 9,861 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
6,429 | 1,092 | 1,355 | 985 | 972 | 1,450 | 406 | 3,180 | 15,869 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 29,758 | $ | 2,608 | $ | 5,454 | $ | 4,695 | $ | 4,253 | $ | 5,378 | $ | 2,099 | $ | 14,571 | $ | 68,816 | ||||||||||||||||||
Allowance as a
percentage of
receivable |
4.9 | % | 9.9 | % | 6.4 | % | 5.7 | % | 6.6 | % | 17.1 | % | 25.3 | % | 33.2 | % | 13.0 | % |
For home-based services, we calculate the allowance for uncollectible accounts
as a percentage of total patient receivables. The percentage changes
depending on the payor and increases as the patient receivables age.
For facility-based services, we calculate the allowance for
uncollectible accounts based on a claim by claim review. As a result,
the allowance percentages presented in the table above vary between
aging categories because of the mix of claims in each category.
Consolidated Net Service Revenues:
Consolidated net service revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $90.1 million,
an increase of $19.5 million, or 27.7%, from $70.6 million for the three months ended June 30,
2007. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, home-based services accounted for 84.8% of revenue
and facility-based services accounted for 15.2% of revenue compared with 82.2% and 17.8%,
respectively, for the comparable quarter last year.
Consolidated net service revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $173.6 million,
an increase of $34.3 million, or 24.6%, from $139.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, home-based services accounted for 83.4% of revenue and
facility-based services accounted for 16.6% of revenue compared with 81.2% and 18.8%, respectively,
for the comparable period in the prior year.
Home-Based Services. Net service revenue for home-based services for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 was $76.4 million, an increase of
$18.4 million, or 31.8%, from $58.0 million for the three
months ended June 30, 2007. Total admissions increased 24.7% to 13,499 during the current period,
versus 10,825 for the same period in 2007. Average home-based patient census for the three months
ended June 30, 2008, increased 25.7% to 20,469 patients as
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compared with 16,283 patients for the
three months ended June 30, 2007.
Net service revenue for home-based services for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $144.8
million, an increase of $31.7 million, or 28.1%, from $113.1 million for the six months ended June
30, 2007. Total admissions increased 24.4% to 26,679 during the current period, versus 21,440 for
the same period in 2007. Average home-based patient census for the six months ended June 30, 2008,
increased 23.1% to 19,714 patients as compared to 16,009 patients for the six months ended June 30,
2007.
As detailed in the table below, the increase in revenue is explained by organic growth, our
internal acquisition growth, as defined below, and the growth from our acquisitions during the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
Organic Growth
Organic growth includes growth on same store locations (those owned for greater than 12
months) and growth from de novo locations. We calculate organic growth by dividing organic growth
generated in a period by total revenue generated in the same period of the prior year. Revenue
from acquired agencies contributes to organic growth beginning with the thirteenth month after
acquisition. During the first twelve months after an acquisition, we are able to grow the acquired
agencies revenue. This growth is called internal acquisition growth
(IAG). Internal growth, or
the combination of IAG and organic growth, provides a more complete measure of the Companys actual
growth between two periods.
The following table details the Companys revenue growth and percentages for organic and total
growth:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 (in thousands except census and episode data)
Same | Organic | Internal | Internal | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Store(1) | De Novo(2) | Organic(3) | Growth % | Growth(4) | Growth % | Acquired(5) | Growth | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 62,093 | $ | 2,291 | $ | 64,384 | 11.0 | % | $ | 65,901 | 13.6 | % | $ | 12,035 | $ | 76,419 | 31.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Medicare |
$ | 51,171 | $ | 1,936 | $ | 53,107 | 13.1 | % | $ | 54,551 | 16.1 | % | $ | 10,345 | $ | 63,452 | 35.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Average Census |
16,044 | 627 | 16,671 | 2.4 | % | 17,369 | 6.7 | % | 3,798 | 20,469 | 25.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Medicare Census |
12,757 | 508 | 13,265 | 8.5 | % | 13,852 | 13.3 | % | 3,279 | 16,544 | 35.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Episodes |
23,416 | 747 | 24,163 | 24.2 | % | 25,608 | 31.6 | % | 4,762 | 28,925 | 48.7 | % |
(1) | Same store location that has been in service with the Company for greater than 12 months. | |
(2) | De Novo internally developed location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less. | |
(3) | Organic combination of same store and de novo. | |
(4) | Internal organic plus IAG | |
(5) | Acquired purchased location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 (in thousands except census and episode data)
Same | Organic | Internal | Organic & IAG | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Store(1) | De Novo(2) | Organic(3) | Growth % | Growth(4) | Growth % | Acquired(5) | Growth | Growth % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 119,997 | $ | 3,233 | $ | 123,230 | 9.0 | % | $ | 126,072 | 11.5 | % | $ | 21,552 | $ | 144,782 | 28.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Medicare |
$ | 98,881 | $ | 2,731 | $ | 101,612 | 10.9 | % | $ | 104,607 | 14.1 | % | $ | 18,600 | $ | 120,212 | 31.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Average Census |
15,516 | 542 | 16,058 | 0.3 | % | 16,614 | 3.8 | % | 3,656 | 19,714 | 23.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Medicare Census |
12,160 | 440 | 12,600 | 5.5 | % | 13,018 | 9.0 | % | 3,110 | 15,710 | 31.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Episodes |
45,555 | 1,095 | 46,650 | 26.7 | % | 49,292 | 33.9 | % | 7,690 | 54,340 | 47.6 | % |
(1) | Same store location that has been in service with the Company for greater than 12 months. | |
(2) | De Novo internally developed location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less. | |
(3) | Organic combination of same store and de novo. |
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(4) | Internal Growth organic plus IAG | |
(5) | Acquired purchased location that has been in service with the Company for 12 months or less. |
Facility-Based Services. Net service revenue for facility-based services for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 increased $1.1 million, or 8.9%, to $13.7 million compared to $12.6 million for the
three months ended June 30, 2007. While patient days decreased 1.4% to 11,298 in the three months
ended June 30, 2008, from 11,453 in the three months ended June 30, 2007, the higher acuity of
patients caused an increase in revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Net service revenue for facility-based services for the six months ended June 30, 2008,
increased $2.6 million, or 9.8%, to $28.8 million compared to $26.2 million for the six months
ended June 30, 2007. Patient days increased 0.9% to 23,332 in the six months ended June 30, 2008,
from 23,127 in the six months ended June 30, 2007. Both the increase in patient days and the
higher acuity of patients contributed to the growth in net service revenue for the six months ended
June 30, 2008.
Cost of Service Revenue
Cost of service revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2008, was $45.6 million, an
increase of $9.5 million, or 26.3%, from $36.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
Cost of service revenue represented approximately 50.6% and 51.1% of our net service revenue for
the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Cost of service revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2008, was $87.5 million, an increase
of $16.8 million, or 23.8%, from $70.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Cost of
service revenue represented approximately 50.4% and 50.8% of net service revenue for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Home-Based Services. Cost of home-based service revenue for the three months ended June 30,
2008 was $37.4 million, an increase of $9.7 million, or 35.0%, from $27.7 million for the three
months ended June 30, 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, cost of home-based service
revenue was $70.8 million, an increase of $17.1 million, or 31.8%, from $53.7 million for the
comparable period in the prior year. The following table summarizes cost of service revenue
(amounts in thousands).
Three Months | Six Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended June 30, | Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Salaries, wages and benefits |
$ | 32,128 | $ | 23,352 | $ | 60,764 | $ | 45,987 | ||||||||
Transportation |
2,866 | 2,221 | 5,072 | 3,976 | ||||||||||||
Supplies and services |
2,449 | 2,138 | 4,986 | 3,776 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 37,443 | $ | 27,711 | $ | 70,822 | $ | 53,739 | ||||||||
Percentage of net service revenue |
49.0 | % | 47.8 | % | 48.9 | % | 47.5 | % |
The increase in cost of home-based service revenue as a percentage of home-based net service
revenue for the three months ending June 30, 2008 relates primarily to the increase in salaries,
wages and benefits. During the three months ended June 30, 2008, we acquired and initiated
operations at 21 agencies, adding an additional $3.2 million to salaries, wages and benefits,
versus only 13 agencies, that added $2.1 million to salaries, wages and benefits during the three
months ended June 30, 2007.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, acquisitions added $5.8 million to salaries, wages
and benefits versus $3.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2007, causing salaries, wages
and benefits to increase to 42.0% of home-based service revenue at June 30, 2008, compared to
40.7% of home-based service revenue at June 30, 2007.
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Facility-Based Services. Cost of facility-based service revenue for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 was $8.1 million, a decrease of $0.3 million, or 3.6%, from $8.4 million for the
three months ended June 30, 2007. Cost of facility-based service revenue for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 was $16.6 million, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 2.4%, from $17.0 million for the
six months ended June 30, 2007. The following table summarizes our cost of service revenue
(amounts in thousands).
Three Months | Six Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended June 30, | Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Salaries, wages and benefits |
$ | 5,102 | $ | 5,034 | $ | 10,637 | $ | 10,412 | ||||||||
Transportation |
98 | 84 | 174 | 140 | ||||||||||||
Supplies and services |
2,916 | 3,252 | 5,822 | 6,407 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,116 | $ | 8,370 | $ | 16,633 | $ | 16,959 | ||||||||
Percentage of net service revenue |
59.3 | % | 66.6 | % | 57.7 | % | 64.6 | % |
The decrease in cost of facility-based service revenue as a percentage of net service revenue
relates to the increase in revenue from increased patient acuity during the three and six months ended June
30, 2008 compared to the same periods in the prior year.
Provision for Bad Debts
Provision for bad debts for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $3.6 million, an increase
of $1.5 million, from $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. For the three months
ended June 30, 2008, the provision for bad debts was approximately 4.0% of net service revenue
compared to 3.0% for the same period in 2007.
Provision for bad debts for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $7.3 million, an increase
of $3.4 million, from $3.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. For the six months
ended June 30, 2008, the provision for bad debts was approximately 4.2% of net service revenue
compared to 2.8% for the same period in 2007.
The increase in the provision for bad debts as a percentage of net service revenue for both
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods in the prior year relates
to commercial claims and increased collection difficulties from those payors.
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of the following expenses incurred
by our home office and administrative field personnel:
| Home office: |
| salaries and related benefits; | ||
| insurance; | ||
| costs associated with advertising and other marketing activities; and | ||
| rent and utilities; |
| Supplies and services: |
| accounting, legal and other professional services; and | ||
| office supplies; |
| Depreciation; and | ||
| Other: |
| advertising and marketing expenses; | ||
| recruitment; | ||
| field office rent; and | ||
| taxes. |
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General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2008 were $28.7
million compared to $23.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. General and
administrative expenses as a percent of net service revenue remained relatively consistent at 31.9%
and 32.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2008 were $55.6 million
compared to $43.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. General and administrative
expenses as a percent of net service revenue remained relatively static, measuring approximately
32.0% and 31.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Home-Based Services. General and administrative expenses in the home-based services for the
three months ended June 30, 2008 were $25.1 million and $19.4 million for the three months ended
June 30, 2007. General and administrative expenses in the home-based services segment represented
approximately 32.8% and 33.4% of our net service revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, respectively.
General and administrative expenses in the home-based services for the six months ended June
30, 2008 were $48.2 million and $36.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. General and
administrative expenses in the home-based services segment represented approximately 33.3% and
31.8% of our net service revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The 1.5% increase in general and administrative expenses as a percent of net service revenue
relates to $2.0 million (1.4% of home-based net service revenue) of consulting services, primarily
supporting our billing and collections of patient receivables.
Facility-Based Services. General and administrative expenses in the facility-based services
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 were $3.7 million and $3.6 million for the three months
ended June 30, 2007. General and administrative expenses in the facility-based services segment
represented approximately 26.8% and 28.9% of our net service revenue for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
General and administrative expenses in the facility-based services for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 were $7.4 million, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 6.3%, from $7.9 million for the six
months ended June 30, 2007. General and administrative expenses in the facility-based services
segment represented approximately 25.6% and 30.3% of our net service revenue for the six months
ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The decrease in general and administrative expenses as a percent of net service revenue is
primarily due to increased revenue from increased patient acuity during the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008 compared to the same periods in the prior year.
Income Tax Expense
The effective tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were 38.0% and
36.4%, respectively.
The effective tax rates for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were 38.0% and 37.5%,
respectively.
Minority Interest
Minority interest expense increased $1.2 million to $2.3 million for the three months ended
June 30, 2008 from $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. A majority of the
increase relates to the minority interest on equity joint ventures entered into after June 30,
2007.
Minority interest expense increased $1.8 million to $4.7 million for the six months ended June
30, 2008 from $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The entire increase relates to
the minority interest on equity joint ventures entered into after June 30, 2007.
Discontinued Operations
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In the second quarter of 2007, the Company placed its critical access hospital into
discontinued operations. The sale of the hospital was completed on July 1, 2007.
Discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2008 did not generate revenue.
Net service revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2007 was $1.0 million. Costs, expenses and
minority interest were $61,000 and $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007,
respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2008, the loss from discontinued operations after
tax was $37,000 as compared to a loss from discontinued operations of $336,000 for the same period
in 2007.
Net service revenue from discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and
2007 was $52,000 and $2.1 million, respectively. Costs, expenses and minority interest were
$328,000 and $3.0 million, for the six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. For the
six months ended June 30, 2008, the loss from discontinued operations after tax was $167, 000 as
compared to a loss from discontinued operations of $602,000 for the same period in 2007.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal source of liquidity for operating activities is the collection of our accounts
receivable, most of which are collected from governmental and third party commercial payors. Our
reported cash flows from operating activities are affected by various external and internal
factors, including the following:
| Operating Results Our net income has a significant effect on our operating cash flows. Any significant increase or decrease in our net income could have a material effect on our operating cash flows. | ||
| Receipt of payments from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Operating cash flows are dependent upon our collections from CMS. Process lags within the CMS system affect our operating cash flows. | ||
| Start-Up Costs Following the completion of an acquisition, we generally incur substantial start-up costs in order to implement our business strategy. There is generally a delay between our expenditure of these start-up costs and the increase in net service revenue, and subsequent cash collections, which adversely affects our cash flows from operating activities. | ||
| Timing of Payroll Our employees are paid bi-weekly on Fridays; therefore, operating cash flows decline in reporting periods that end on a Friday. Conversely, for those reporting periods ending on a day other than Friday, our cash flows are higher because we have not yet paid our payroll. | ||
| Medical Insurance Plan Funding We are self-funded for medical insurance purposes. Any significant changes in the amount of insurance claims submitted could have a direct effect on our operating cash flows. | ||
| Medical Supplies The cost of medical supplies is a significant expense associated with our business. Any increase in the cost of medical supplies, or in the use of medical supplies by our patients, could have a material effect on our operating cash flows. |
The following table summarizes changes in cash (amounts in thousands):
Six Months | ||||||||
Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 31,948 | $ | 380 | ||||
Cash used in investing activities |
(36,232 | ) | (10,994 | ) | ||||
Cash provided (used in) financing activities |
6,009 | (2,945 | ) | |||||
Change in cash |
1,725 | (13,559 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
period |
1,155 | 26,877 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 2,880 | $ | 13,318 | ||||
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Net income provided $11.7 million of operating cash flows during the six months ended June 30,
2008. Non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization, provision for bad debts, stock
compensation, minority interest in earnings of subsidiaries, deferred income taxes and gain on the
sale of assets totaled $15.3 million.
Investing cash outflows increased $25.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
During the six month period ending June 30, 2008 we paid approximately $32.3 million for
acquisitions compared to $8.5 million for the same period ending 2007. The remaining increase is
primarily due to the net effect of acquiring the Companys current aircraft for $5.1 million offset
by proceeds from selling the previous aircraft of $3.1 million.
Financing activities provided cash of $6.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008,
an increase of $9.0 million from the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase primarily
relates to the draw on the revolving line of credit to finance the Companys acquisitions during
the three months ended June 30, 2008. Financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008
also includes the financing arrangements on the purchase of the Companys aircraft discussed above.
In February 2008 we entered into a new loan agreement with Capital One for $5.1 million and paid
off our December 31, 2007 outstanding loan with a balance of $2.9 million.
Days sales outstanding, or DSO, at June 30, 2008, was 60 days compared to 75 days at June 30,
2007. When adjusted for acquisitions and unbilled accounts receivables, DSO at June 30, 2008 was
55 days. The adjustment takes into account $5.4 million of unbilled receivables that the Company is
delayed in billing due to the lag time in receiving the change of ownership after acquisitions. For
the comparable period in 2007, adjusted DSO was 70 days, taking into account $3.7 million in
unbilled accounts receivable.
At June 30, 2008, we had working capital of $50.0 million compared to $61.0 million at
December 31, 2007, a decrease of $11.0 million, or 18.0%. The decrease in working capital relates
to a decrease in patient accounts receivable of $10.1 million as of June 30, 2008 compared to
December 31, 2007 and the investing of funds generated into acquisitions. Current
liabilities increased $4.7 million, primarily accounts payable, accrued liabilities and accrued
salaries, wages and benefits at June 30, 2008 compared to December 31, 2007; the increase is
primarily due to the timing of paying those liabilities.
Indebtedness
Our total long-term indebtedness was $13.5 million at June 30, 2008 and $3.4 million at
December 31, 2007, including the current portions of $631,000 and $521,000, respectively. At June
30, 2008, long-term debt included $8.1 million outstanding on the revolving line of credit, which
was used to fund acquisitions.
On February 20, 2008, the Company entered into a new credit facility agreement with Capital
One (New Credit Facility), which was amended on March 6, 2008 to include an additional lender,
First Tennessee Bank, N.A., to increase the line of credit from $25 million to $37.5 million and to
amend the Eurodollar Margin for each Eurodollar Loan (as those terms are defined in the New Credit
Facility) issued under the New Credit Facility. The Credit Agreement was amended and restated on
June 12, 2008 to add Branch Banking and Trust Company as a Lender and to increase the maximum
aggregate principal amount of the line of credit from $37.5 million to $75.0 million. The New
Credit Facility is unsecured, has a term of two years and a letter of credit sublimit of $2.5
million. The annual facility fee is 0.125 percent of the total availability. The interest rate
for borrowings under the New Credit Agreement is a function of the prime rate (Base Rate) or the
Eurodollar rate (Eurodollar), as elected by the Company, plus the applicable margin based on the
Leverage Ratio as defined in the New Credit Facility.
The interest rate for borrowings under the New Credit Agreement is a function of the prime
rate (Base Rate) or the Eurodollar rate (Eurodollar), as elected by the Company, plus the
applicable margin as set forth below:
Eurodollar | Base Rate | |||||||
Leverage Ratio | Margin | Margin | ||||||
<1.00:1.00 |
1.75 | % | (0.25 | )% | ||||
³1.00:1.00<1.50:1.00 |
2.00 | % | 0 | % | ||||
³1.50:1.00<2.00:1.00 |
2.25 | % | 0 | % | ||||
³2.00:1.00 |
2.50 | % | 0 | % |
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Our New Credit Facility contains customary affirmative, negative and financial covenants. For
example, we are restricted in incurring additional debt, disposing of assets, making investments,
allowing fundamental changes to our business or organization, and making certain payments in
respect of stock or other ownership interests, such as dividends and stock repurchases. Under the
New Credit Facility we are also required to meet certain financial covenants with respect to fixed
charge coverage, leverage, working capital and liabilities to tangible net worth ratios. At June
30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
Our New Credit Facility also contains customary events of default. These include bankruptcy
and other insolvency events, cross-defaults to other debt agreements, a change in control involving
us or any subsidiary guarantor, and the failure to comply with certain covenants.
On February 20, 2008, the Company terminated its credit facility agreement with C.F.
Blackburn, LLC successor by assignment to Residential Funding Company, LLC, f/k/a Residential
Funding Corporation (Former Credit Facility). No amounts were outstanding under this facility at
December 31, 2007. The Former Credit Facility was due to expire on April 15, 2010.
On February 28, 2008, the Company paid its promissory note with Bancorp Equipment Finance,
Inc. in full. The note was collateralized by the Companys previous aircraft, which was sold in
February 2008 for $3.1 million. The sale resulted in a gain of $315,000.
In February 2008, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Capital One, National
Association (Capital One) for a term note in the amount of $5.1 million for the purchase of a
1999 Cessna 560 aircraft. The aircraft is collateral for the term note, which is payable in 84
monthly installments of principal plus interest commencing on March 6, 2008 and ending on February
6, 2015. The term note bears interest at the LIBOR Rate (adjusted monthly) plus the Applicable
Margin of 1.9 percent.
Contingencies
For a discussion of contingencies, see Item 1, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 7 Commitments and Contingencies of this Form 10-Q.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or
financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose
entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet
arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. In addition, we do not engage in
trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. As such, we are not materially exposed
to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in these
relationships.
Critical Accounting Policies
For a discussion of critical accounting policies, see Item 1, Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements Note 2 Significant Accounting Policies of this Form 10-Q.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of June 30, 2008, we had cash of $2.9 million. Cash in excess of requirements is deposited
in highly liquid money market instruments with maturities of less than 90 days. Because of the
short maturities of these instruments, a sudden change in market interest rates would not be
expected to have a material impact on the fair value of the portfolio. We would not expect our
operating results or cash flows to be materially affected by the effect of a sudden change in
market interest rates on our portfolio. At times, cash in banks is in excess of the FDIC insurance
limit. The Company has not experienced any loss as a result of those deposits and does not expect
any in the future.
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Our exposure to market risk relates to changes in interest rates for borrowings under the New
Credit Facility we entered into in February 2008. The New Credit Facility is a revolving credit
facility and as such the Company borrows, repays and re-borrows amounts as needed, changing the
average daily balance outstanding under the facility. A hypothetical 100
basis point increase in interest rates on the average daily amounts
outstanding under the New Credit Facility would have only increased interest expense $4,000
for the three months ended June 30, 2008.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act))
that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the
Companys reports filed under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms. Such information is also
accumulated and communicated to management, including the Companys Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management of the Company, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the
Companys disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report.
As reported in the Companys Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, management identified
a material weakness in the Companys internal control over financial reporting related to the
process of estimating the allowance for uncollectible accounts. The Companys process for
determining the allowance for uncollectible accounts focused primarily on evaluating the
appropriate percentage of gross revenues to record during a particular period. However, as of
December 31, 2007, the Company did not have a process or controls in place that enabled management
to appropriately evaluate, document and review the adequacy of the allowance for uncollectible
accounts as of a particular period end. As a result, the Company recorded adjustments to increase
the allowance for doubtful accounts by $3.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Because of this material weakness, management concluded that the Company did not maintain
effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. During the first
quarter of 2008, management implemented two primary measures to address the material weakness.
First, the Company enhanced the controls and processes for calculating the allowance for
uncollectible accounts. The enhancements include estimating and documenting the collectability of
receivables at the end of a period based on the aging categories and timely review of the
documentation by senior management and our outside consultants, Simione Consultants (Simione).
Second, the Company engaged outside consultants, Simione, to oversee the Companys billing and
collection efforts with regards to commercial, managed care, and non Private Fee-For-Service
Medicare Advantage plan payors beginning in February 2008. Simiones oversight has improved
collection efforts and provided an additional evaluation of the collectability of the accounts.
This valuation and measurement of the estimated allowance for doubtful accounts was applied
consistently throughout the second quarter of 2008.
Although the Companys remediation efforts with respect to the above referenced material
weakness are substantially completed, management will not be able to affirmatively conclude that
the internal controls over financial reporting implemented to remediate the material weakness are
operating effectively until such controls are effectively operational for a period of time and are
successfully tested. As of June 30, 2008, the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer concluded that because additional testing is required to determine if the
material weakness described in the Companys annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2007 has been fully remedied, the Company did not maintain effective internal control over
financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Changes in Internal Controls
Except for the controls implemented to address the material weakness identified in the
Companys report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, there have been no changes in
the Companys internal control
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over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) that occurred during the
six months ended June 30, 2008, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
We are involved in litigation and proceedings in the ordinary course of business. We do not
believe that the outcome of any of the matters in which we are currently involved, individually or
in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition, or
results of operations.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
There have been no material changes from the Risk Factors we previously disclosed in our Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
March 17, 2008.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
None
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
Our annual meeting of stockholders was held on June 12, 2008 (the Annual Meeting). At the
Annual Meeting the following matters were voted on with the following results:
Election of Directors. Ted W. Hoyt, George A. Lewis and Keith G. Myers were elected to serve
as Class III directors for a three-year term expiring at the 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Voting results were as follows:
Name of Director | Votes For | Votes Withheld | ||||||
Ted W. Hoyt |
15,352,442 | 1,484,319 | ||||||
George A. Lewis |
15,537,373 | 1,299,388 | ||||||
Keith G. Myers |
15,728,185 | 1,108,576 |
The following persons continued as directors following the Annual Meeting: John L. Indest, Ronald
T. Nixon, W.J. Billy Tauzin, Monica F. Azare, John B. Breaux and Dan S. Wilford.
Ratification of Stockholder Protection Rights Agreement. Although none of the Companys
Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws or applicable law required stockholder approval of the
stockholder rights protection agreement, the Board of Directors of the Company submitted the
agreement to the stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate governance. The
Stockholder Protection Rights Agreement entered into between the Company and Computershare Trust
Company, N.A. Voting results were as follows:
Votes For | Votes Against | Abstentions | Non Votes | |||||||||
13,116,677 |
1,770,430 | 82,968 | 1,866,686 |
Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors. Although the ratification by the
stockholders of the selection Companys independent auditors is not required by law or by the
Bylaws of the Company, the Board of Directors submitted the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP for
the ratification of the stockholders as a matter of good corporate practice. The stockholders
ratified the appointment of the independent accounting firm Ernst &
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Young LLP to serve as the Companys independent auditors. Voting results were as follows:
Votes For | Votes Against | Abstentions | ||||||
16,756,210
|
71,461 | 9,090 |
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
3.1
|
Certificate of Incorporation of LHC Group, Inc. (previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-1/A (File No. 333-120792) on February 14, 2005). | |
3.2
|
Bylaws of LHC Group, Inc. as amended on December 31, 2007 (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K on January 4, 2008). | |
4.1
|
Specimen Stock Certificate of LHCs Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-1/ A (File No. 333-120792) on February 14, 2005). | |
4.2
|
Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 (previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-1/A (File No. 333-120792) on February 14, 2005 and May 9, 2005, respectively). | |
4.3
|
Form of Stockholder Protection Rights Agreement, between LHC Group, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K on March 11, 2008). | |
10.1
|
Employment Agreement between LHC Group, Inc. and Daryl J. Doise dated January 1, 2008, to be effective June 1, 2008 (previously filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Form 8-K on January 4, 2008). | |
10.2
|
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and between LHC Group, Inc., Capital One, National Association, First Tennessee Bank, N.A., Branch Banking and Trust Company dated June 12, 2008 (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K on June 17, 2008) | |
31.1
|
Certification of Keith G. Myers, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2
|
Certification of Peter J. Roman, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32*
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of LHC Group, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* | This exhibit is furnished to the SEC as an accompanying document and is not deemed to be filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, and the document will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LHC GROUP, INC. |
||||
Date August 7, 2008 | /s/ Peter J. Roman | |||
Peter J. Roman | ||||
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
33