Lifevantage Corp - Quarter Report: 2009 September (Form 10-Q)
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2009
o | TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
Commission file number 000-30489
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
COLORADO | 90-0224471 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
11545 W. Bernardo Court, Suite 301, San Diego, California 92127
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Address of principal executive offices)
(858) 312-8000
(Registrants telephone number)
(Registrants telephone number)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting
company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company þ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
The number of shares outstanding of the issuers common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of
October 31, 2009 was 57,002,412.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements (as such term is
defined in section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)).
These statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, reflect our current expectations,
intentions or strategies regarding our possible future results of operations, performance, and
achievements. Forward-looking statements in this report include, without limitation: statements
regarding future products or product development; statements regarding future selling, including
our expectations regarding the success of our network marketing sales channel, general and
administrative costs and research and development spending; statements regarding our product
development strategy; statements regarding the legal complaint filed against the company; and
statements regarding future financial performance, results of operation, capital expenditures and
sufficiency of capital resources to fund our operating requirements. These forward-looking
statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995 and applicable common law and SEC rules.
These forward-looking statements may be identified in this report by using words such as
anticipate, believe, could, estimate, expect, intend, plan, predict, project,
should and similar terms and expressions, including references to assumptions and strategies.
These statements reflect our current beliefs and are based on information currently available to
us. Accordingly, these statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and contingencies,
which could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those
expressed in, or implied by, such statements.
The following factors are among those that may cause actual results to differ materially from
our forward-looking statements:
| The deterioration of global economic conditions and the decline of consumer confidence and spending; | ||
| The potential failure or unintended negative consequences of the implementation of our network marketing sales channel; | ||
| Our lack of significant revenues from operations; | ||
| Our ability to successfully expand our operations and manage our future growth; | ||
| The effect of current and future government regulations of the network marketing and dietary supplement industries on our business; | ||
| The effect of unfavorable publicity on our business; | ||
| Competition in the dietary supplement market; | ||
| Our ability to retain independent distributors or to hire new independent distributors on an ongoing basis; | ||
| The potential for product liability claims against the Company; | ||
| Independent distributor activities that violate applicable laws or regulations and the potential for resulting government or third party actions against the Company; | ||
| The potential for third party and governmental actions involving our network marketing sales channel; | ||
| Our dependence on third party manufacturers to manufacture our product; | ||
| The ability to obtain raw material for our product; | ||
| Our dependence on a limited number of significant customers; | ||
| Our ability to protect our intellectual property rights and the value of our product; | ||
| Our ability to continue to innovate and provide products that are useful to consumers; | ||
| The significant control that our management and significant shareholders exercise over us; |
2
| The illiquidity of our common stock; | ||
| Our ability to access capital markets in light of the global credit crisis or other adverse effects to our business and financial position; | ||
| Our ability to generate sufficient cash from operations, raise financing to satisfy our liquidity requirements, or reduce cash outflows without harm to our business, financial condition or operating results; and | ||
| Other factors not specifically described above, including the other risks, uncertainties, and contingencies under Description of Business, Risk Factors and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation in Item 6 of Part II of our report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009. |
When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the cautionary
statements in this report and the documents incorporated by reference. We have no obligation and
do not undertake to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this report.
3
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION
INDEX
PAGE | ||||||
PART I. Financial Information | ||||||
Item 1. | ||||||
5 | ||||||
6 | ||||||
7 | ||||||
8 | ||||||
Item 2. | 23 | |||||
Item 4T. | 29 | |||||
PART II. Other Information | 30 | |||||
Item 1. | 30 | |||||
Item 1A. | 30 | |||||
Item 2. | 34 | |||||
Item 3. | 34 | |||||
Item 4. | 34 | |||||
Item 5. | 34 | |||||
Item 6. | 34 | |||||
Signatures | 35 | |||||
Certification pursuant to Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
4
PART I Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2009 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 605,261 | $ | 608,795 | ||||
Restricted cash |
| 259,937 | ||||||
Marketable securities, available for sale |
480,000 | 520,000 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
61,352 | 648,116 | ||||||
Equity raise receivable |
| 119,750 | ||||||
Inventory |
748,649 | 740,014 | ||||||
Deposits |
101,762 | 16,482 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses |
27,447 | 72,738 | ||||||
Total current assets |
2,024,471 | 2,985,832 | ||||||
Long-term assets |
||||||||
Marketable securities, available for sale |
120,000 | 130,000 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
250,899 | 274,741 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
2,158,729 | 2,175,281 | ||||||
Deferred debt offering costs, net |
66,474 | 83,023 | ||||||
Deposits |
58,613 | 66,795 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 4,679,186 | $ | 5,715,672 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Revolving line of credit and accrued interest |
$ | 580,432 | $ | 581,444 | ||||
Accounts payable |
1,872,237 | 2,029,290 | ||||||
Accrued expenses |
840,269 | 822,024 | ||||||
Escrow for equity offering |
| 259,937 | ||||||
Short-term notes payable related party |
703,822 | | ||||||
Short-term convertible debt, net of discount |
376,236 | | ||||||
Capital lease obligations, current portion |
26,345 | 41,490 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
4,399,341 | 3,734,185 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities |
||||||||
Deferred rent |
23,677 | 23,677 | ||||||
Derivative warrant liability |
4,134,962 | 8,429,710 | ||||||
Long-term convertible debt, net of discount |
91,661 | 382,194 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
8,649,641 | 12,569,766 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Stockholders deficit |
||||||||
Preferred stock par value $.001,
50,000,000 shares authorized; no shares
issued or outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock par value $.001, 250,000,000
shares authorized; 56,804,520 and 53,968,628
issued and outstanding as of September 30,
2009 and June 30, 2009, respectively |
56,805 | 53,969 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
18,693,654 | 16,964,927 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(22,722,681 | ) | (23,872,990 | ) | ||||
Currency translation adjustment |
1,767 | | ||||||
Total stockholders deficit |
(3,970,455 | ) | (6,854,094 | ) | ||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
$ | 4,679,186 | $ | 5,715,672 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.
5
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
For the three months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Sales, net |
$ | 1,857,997 | $ | 1,273,502 | ||||
Cost of sales |
312,974 | 235,539 | ||||||
Gross profit |
1,545,023 | 1,037,963 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
Sales and marketing |
2,012,166 | 484,804 | ||||||
General and administrative |
2,381,156 | 513,995 | ||||||
Research and development |
106,892 | 52,555 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
53,298 | 40,182 | ||||||
Total operating expenses |
4,553,512 | 1,091,536 | ||||||
Operating loss |
(3,008,489 | ) | (53,573 | ) | ||||
Other income and (expense): |
||||||||
Interest expense |
(135,950 | ) | (77,562 | ) | ||||
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liability |
4,294,748 | | ||||||
Total other income/(expense) |
4,158,798 | (77,562 | ) | |||||
Net income/(loss) |
$ | 1,150,309 | $ | (131,135 | ) | |||
Net income/(loss) per share, basic and diluted |
$ | 0.02 | $ | (0.01 | ) | |||
Weighted average shares, basic |
55,634,601 | 24,766,117 | ||||||
Weighted average shares, diluted |
61,841,866 | 24,766,117 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.
6
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
For the three months ended September 30, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 1,150,309 | $ | (131,135 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used)
provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
53,298 | 40,181 | ||||||
Stock based compensation to employees |
438,867 | 88,000 | ||||||
Stock based compensation to non-employees |
363,381 | 38,022 | ||||||
Non-cash interest expense from convertible debentures |
85,702 | 36,551 | ||||||
Non-cash interest expense from amortization of
deferred offering costs |
16,549 | 21,537 | ||||||
Consulting fees paid in equity |
24,900 | | ||||||
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liability |
(4,294,748 | ) | | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Decrease in accounts receivable |
706,514 | 13,618 | ||||||
(Increase) in inventory |
(8,635 | ) | (16,727 | ) | ||||
Decrease in deposit from manufacturer |
| 20,330 | ||||||
Decrease in prepaid expenses |
45,291 | 111,506 | ||||||
(Increase) in deposits |
(77,098 | ) | (13,088 | ) | ||||
(Decrease) in accounts payable |
(157,053 | ) | (878 | ) | ||||
Increase in accrued expenses |
18,245 | (12,841 | ) | |||||
(Decrease) in deferred revenue |
| (510,765 | ) | |||||
Decrease in deferred expenses |
| 72,049 | ||||||
Net Cash Used by Operating Activities |
(1,634,478 | ) | (243,640 | ) | ||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Redemption of marketable securities |
50,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
Purchase of intangible assets |
(12,904 | ) | (1,896 | ) | ||||
Purchase of equipment |
| | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities |
37,096 | 48,104 | ||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Net payments on/proceeds from revolving line of credit
and accrued interest |
(1,012 | ) | 154,777 | |||||
Principal payments under capital lease obligation |
(15,145 | ) | (631 | ) | ||||
Issuance of common stock |
904,416 | | ||||||
Proceeds from note payable |
703,822 | | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities |
1,592,081 | 154,146 | ||||||
Foreign Currency Effect on Cash |
1,767 | | ||||||
Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents: |
(3,534 | ) | (41,390 | ) | ||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents beginning of period |
608,795 | 196,883 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents end of period |
$ | 605,261 | $ | 155,493 | ||||
Non Cash Investing and Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Warrants issued for private placement fees |
$ | 121,535 | $ | | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||||||
Cash paid for interest expense |
$ | 23,409 | $ | 27,191 | ||||
Cash paid for income taxes |
$ | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.
7
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2009 AND 2008
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2009 AND 2008
(UNAUDITED)
These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes should be read in
conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes of Lifevantage Corporation as of and
for the year ended June 30, 2009 included in our annual report on Form 10-K.
Note 1 Organization and Basis of Presentation:
The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by us,
without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). In the opinion of the management of Lifevantage Corporation (Lifevantage or the
Company), these interim Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal
recurring adjustments, that are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Companys
financial position as of September 30, 2009, and the results of operations for the three month
periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 and the cash flows for the three month periods ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full
year or for any future period. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to
our current period presentation.
The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included herein are presented as
required by Form 10-Q, and do not contain certain information included in the Companys audited
financial statements and notes for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 pursuant to the rules and
regulations of the SEC. For further information, refer to the financial statements and notes
thereto as of and for the year ended June 30, 2009, and included in the Annual report on Form 10-K
on file with the SEC.
On August 5, 2009, the Company issued common stock in a private placement offering. The gross
proceeds received by the Company from the offering of approximately $904,000 are being used to
develop and expand its network marketing sales channel and to increase the Companys working
capital. The Company anticipates raising additional capital to continue to expand the network
marketing sales channel. However, there can be no assurance that any additional funds can be
raised or that revenue generated from this new sales channel will result in positive cash flow.
Effective September 15, 2009, the Company received a bridge loan in the amount of $100,000
from each of Mr. Thompson and Mr. Mauro, members of the Companys board of directors. The terms of
the notes are for one month with interest payable at a rate of 10% per annum. Accrued interest is
payable in cash by the Company upon repayment of the note at the maturity date. All parties have
agreed to an extension of the term of these notes through
December 15, 2009. On September 24, 2009, the Company received an
additional loan for $500,000 from a shareholder with simple interest payable on the unpaid
principal balance equal to 3% per calendar month through March 24, 2010.
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Consolidation
The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned
subsidiary Lifeline Nutraceuticals Corporation (LNC). All inter-company accounts and transactions
between the entities have been eliminated in consolidation.
8
Use of Estimates
Management of the Company has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the
reporting of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial
Instruments, requires disclosures about the fair value for all financial instruments, whether or
not recognized, for financial statement purposes. Disclosures about fair value of financial
instruments are based on pertinent information available to management as of June 30, 2009 and
2008. Accordingly, the estimates presented in these statements are not necessarily indicative of
the amounts that could be realized on disposition of the financial instruments.
Management has estimated the fair values of cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable,
accounts payable, and accrued expenses to be approximately their respective carrying values
reported in these financial statements because of their short maturities.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value measurement requirements are embodied in certain accounting standards applied in
the preparation of our financial statements. Significant fair value measurements include our common
stock and warrant financing arrangements and certain share-based payment arrangements. See Note 7
Common Stock and Warrant Offerings for disclosures related to our common stock and warrant
financing arrangements. The fair value hierarchy is defined below:
Fair value hierarchy:
(1) | Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, or derived therefrom. Our trading market values and the volatilities that are calculated thereupon are level 1 inputs. | ||
(2) | Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable. We use the current published yields for zero-coupon US Treasury Securities, with terms nearest the remaining term of the warrants for our risk free rate. | ||
(3) | Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs. Inputs for which any parts are level 3 inputs are classified as level 3 in their entirety. The remaining term used equals the remaining contractual term as our best estimate of the expected term of the item measured. |
The summary of fair values of financial instruments is as follows at September 30, 2009:
Fair | Carrying | |||||||||||
Instrument: | value | Value | Reference | |||||||||
Short-term marketable
securities |
$ | 480,000 | $ | 480,000 | Note 2 | |||||||
Long-term marketable
securities |
$ | 120,000 | $ | 120,000 | Note 2 | |||||||
Derivative warrant liabilities |
$ | 4,134,962 | $ | 4,134,962 | Notes 2 and 8 |
9
The summary of fair values of financial instruments is as follows at June 30, 2009:
Fair | Carrying | |||||||||||
Instrument: | value | Value | Reference | |||||||||
Short-term marketable
securities |
$ | 520,000 | $ | 520,000 | Note 2 | |||||||
Long-term marketable
securities |
$ | 130,000 | $ | 130,000 | Note 2 | |||||||
Derivative warrant liabilities |
$ | 8,429,710 | $ | 8,429,710 | Notes 2 and 8 |
The following represents a reconciliation of the changes in fair value of financial
instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3) during the three months ended September 30, 2009 and the year ended June 30, 2009:
September 30, 2009 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
Beginning balance: Derivative
financial instruments |
$ | 8,429,710 | $ | | ||||
Total (gains) losses |
(4,294,748 | ) | 777,687 | |||||
Purchases, sales, issuances and
settlements, net |
| 7,652,023 | ||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 4,134,962 | $ | 8,429,710 | ||||
Revenue Recognition
The Company ships the majority of its products sold through the network marketing or
multi-level marketing sales channel directly to the consumer via United Parcel Service (UPS) and
receives substantially all payment for these sales in the form of credit card charges. Revenue
from direct product sales to customers and distributors is recognized upon passage of title and
risk of loss to customers when product is shipped from the fulfillment facility. Sales revenue and
estimated returns are recorded when product is shipped. The Companys standard return policy is to
provide a 30-day money back guarantee on orders placed by customers. After 30 days, the Company
does not issue refunds to direct sales customers for returned product. In the network marketing
sales channel, the Company allows terminating distributors to return unopened unexpired product
that they have previously purchased up to twelve months prior to termination, subject to certain
consumption limitations. To date, returns from terminating distributors have been negligible and
the Company recognizes all such revenue. The Company has experienced overall monthly returns of
approximately 2% of sales. Our direct to consumer return rate, other than network marketing or
multi-level marketing sales, and our retail sales return rate is approximately 1% of sales based on
historical experience and our network marketing sales channel return rate is approximately 4% of
sales based upon network marketing industry experience. As of September 30, 2009 and June 30,
2009, the Companys reserve balance for returns and allowances was approximately $62,300 and
$68,500, respectively.
For its sales to retail distributors, the Company analyzed individual contracts to determine
the appropriate accounting treatment for recognition of revenue on a customer by customer basis.
As of September 30, 2009, the Company has one retail distributor.
Accounts Receivable
The Companys accounts receivable primarily consists of its receivable from its retail
distributor. Management reviews accounts receivable on a regular basis to determine if any
receivables will
10
potentially be uncollectible. The Company has one national retail distributor, GNC, as of
September 30, 2009. Our national distributor comprises approximately 66% of the Companys customer
accounts receivable balance as of September 30, 2009. Based on the current aging of its accounts
receivable, the Company believes that it is not necessary to maintain an allowance for doubtful
accounts.
For credit card sales to independent distributors and direct sales customers, the Company
verifies the customers credit card prior to shipment of product. Any payment not yet received
from credit card sales is treated as a receivable on the accompanying balance sheet. As of June
30, 2009 the Companys credit card processor put a hold on approximately $533,000 of credit card
sales due to higher sales volumes and perceived credit card risks from the Companys change to a
network marketing sales channel for distribution of its products. During the three months ended
September 30, 2009 the Company changed its credit card processor and has subsequently received
substantially all of the reserve deposit.
Based on the Companys verification process for customer credit cards and historical
information available, management does not believe that there is justification for an allowance for
doubtful accounts on credit card sales related to its direct and independent distributor sales as
of September 30, 2009. For direct and independent distributor sales, there is no bad debt expense
for the three month period ended September 30, 2009.
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the
first-in, first-out method. The Company has capitalized payments to its contract product
manufacturer for the acquisition of raw materials and commencement of the manufacturing, bottling
and labeling of the Companys product. As of September 30, 2009 and June 30, 2009, inventory
consisted of:
September 30, 2009 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
Finished goods |
$ | 531,234 | $ | 522,599 | ||||
Raw materials |
217,415 | 217,415 | ||||||
Total inventory |
$ | 748,649 | $ | 740,014 | ||||
Income/(Loss) per share
Basic income or loss per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss by the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share
are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares and potentially dilutive
common share equivalents. The effects of approximately 37.4 million common shares issuable
pursuant to the convertible debentures and warrants issued in the Companys private placement
offerings, compensation based warrants issued by the Company and options granted through the
Companys 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan are not included in computations when their effect is
antidilutive. As the Company reported net income for the three month period ended September 30,
2009, earnings per share is computed using the weighted average common shares and potentially
dilutive common share equivalents. Basic average outstanding shares are used in computing net
loss per share for the three month period ended September 30, 2008 since including the additional
potential common share equivalents would have an antidilutive effect on the loss per share
calculation.
Research and Development Costs
The Company expenses all costs related to research and development activities as incurred.
Research and development expenses for the three month period ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were
$106,892 and $52,555, respectively.
11
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers only its monetary liquid assets with original maturities of three months
or less as cash and cash equivalents.
Marketable Securities
The Company has, from time to time, invested in marketable securities, including auction rate
preferred securities of closed-end funds (ARPS) to maximize interest income. The Company has
classified its investment in these instruments as marketable securities available for sale.
These marketable securities which historically have been liquid have been adversely affected
by the broader national liquidity crisis. During the three months ended September 30, 2009,
$50,000 of the Companys ARPS were redeemed by the underlying fund. The Company entered into an
agreement with its investment advisor, Stifel Nicolaus, to repurchase 100% of the remaining ARPS at
par on or prior to June 30, 2012. The schedule for repurchase of remaining ARPS by Stifel Nicolaus
over the next three years is as follows:
(a) The greater of 10 percent or $25,000 to be completed by June 30, 2010;
(b) The greater of 10 percent or $25,000 to be completed by June 30, 2011;
(c) The balance of outstanding ARPS, if any, to be repurchased by June 30, 2012.
The Company established a line of credit to borrow against marketable securities so that sales
of these securities would not have to occur in order to fund operating needs of the Company. The
interest on amounts borrowed has been approximately the same as the interest being earned from the
underlying securities.
The Company has entered into an agreement to expand the borrowing base of the line of credit
with its investment advisor from 50% to 80% of the par value of the Companys marketable
securities.
Based upon the agreement to expand the line of credit to 80%, management has access to 80% of
its ARPS through borrowing in the current year. Accordingly, management classified 80% or $480,000
of the Companys marketable securities as short term. The remaining 20% or $120,000 of the
Companys marketable securities that may not be available in the current year is classified as
long-term.
As of September 30, 2009, in light of the plan for repurchase and the repurchases made during
the year, management has determined that there has not been a change in the fair value of the
securities owned. The Company has not recorded any impairment related to these investments, as
management does not believe that the underlying credit quality of the assets has been impacted by
the reduced liquidity of these investments. We consider the inputs to valuation of these
securities as level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.
Investment in marketable securities are summarized as follows as of September 30, 2009 and
June 30, 2009:
Unrealized | Estimated Fair | |||||||
(Loss) | Value | |||||||
As of September 30, 2009: |
||||||||
Available for sale securities current |
$ | | $ | 480,000 | ||||
Available for sale securities long
term |
| 120,000 | ||||||
Total marketable securities |
$ | | $ | 600,000 | ||||
12
Unrealized | Estimated Fair | |||||||
(Loss) | Value | |||||||
As of June 30, 2009: |
||||||||
Available for sale securities current |
$ | | $ | 520,000 | ||||
Available for sale securities long
term |
| 130,000 | ||||||
Total marketable securities |
$ | | $ | 650,000 | ||||
Shipping and Handling
Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight and freight out to customers,
including independent distributors, are included in cost of sales. Shipping and handling fees
charged to all customers are included in sales.
Intangible Assets
As of September 30, 2009 and June 30, 2009, intangible assets consisted of:
September 30, | June 30, | |||||||
2009 | 2009 | |||||||
Patent costs |
$ | 2,264,714 | $ | 2,255,696 | ||||
Trademark costs |
136,598 | 132,712 | ||||||
Amortization of patents & trademarks |
(242,583 | ) | (213,127 | ) | ||||
Intangible assets, net |
$ | 2,158,729 | $ | 2,175,281 | ||||
Patents
The costs of applying for patents are capitalized and, once the patent is granted, are
amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the patents economic or legal life.
Capitalized costs will be expensed if patents are not granted or it is determined that the patent
is impaired. The Company reviews the carrying value of its patent costs periodically to determine
whether the patents have continuing value and such reviews could result in impairment of the
recorded amounts. As of September 30, 2009, three U.S. patents have been granted. Amortization of
these patents commenced upon the date of the grant and will continue over their remaining legal
lives.
Stock-Based Compensation
Payments in equity instruments for goods or services are accounted for by the fair value
method. The Company has estimated the forfeiture rate on options to be 20%.
The Company adopted and the shareholders approved the Companys 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan
(the Plan), effective November 21, 2006, to provide incentives to certain eligible employees who
are expected to contribute significantly to the strategic and long-term performance objectives and
growth of the Company. A maximum of 10,000,000 shares of the Companys common stock can be issued
under the Plan in connection with the grant of awards. Awards to purchase common stock have been
granted pursuant to the Plan and are outstanding to various employees, officers, directors,
independent distributors and Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) members at prices between $0.11 and
$0.76 per share, vesting over one- to three-year periods. Awards expire in accordance with the
terms of each award and the shares subject to the award are added back to the Plan upon expiration
of the award. Awards outstanding as of September 30, 2009, net of awards expired, are for the
purchase of 8,619,730 shares of the Companys common stock.
In certain circumstances, the Company issued common stock for invoiced services to pay
contractors and vendors, and in other similar situations. Payments in equity instruments to non-
13
employees for goods or services are accounted for by the fair value method, which relies on
the valuation of the service at the date of the transaction, or public stock sales price, whichever
is more reliable as a measurement.
Compensation expense was calculated using the fair value method during the three month periods
ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation based
options totaling 756,000 were granted during the three month period ended September 30, 2009 and no
compensation based options were granted during the three month period ended September 30, 2008.
Warrants for the purchase of 280,000 shares were granted to consultants and SAB members during the
three month period ended September 30, 2008 and none were granted during the three month period
ended September 30, 2009. The following assumptions were used for options and warrants granted
during the three month period ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:
1. | risk-free interest rate of 2.42 and 3.52 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively; | ||
2. | dividend yield of -0- percent; | ||
3. | expected life of 3 to 6 years; and | ||
4. | a volatility factor of the expected market price of the Companys common stock of 204 and 337 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively. |
Derivative Financial Instruments
We do not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign
currency risks. However, we have entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts,
such as freestanding warrants with features that are not afforded equity classification. These
instruments are required to be carried as derivative liabilities, at fair value, in our financial
statements. See Note 7 Common Stock and Warrant Offerings for additional information.
Derivative financial instruments consist of financial instruments or other contracts that
contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables (e.g. interest rate, security price
or other variable), require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. Derivative
financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. Further,
derivative financial instruments are initially, and subsequently, measured at fair value and
recorded as liabilities or, in rare instances, assets.
We estimate fair values of derivative financial instruments using various techniques (and
combinations thereof) that are considered to be consistent with the objective measurement of fair
values. In selecting the appropriate technique, we consider, among other factors, the nature of the
instrument, the market risks that it embodies and the expected means of settlement. For less
complex derivative instruments, such as freestanding warrants, we generally use the Black Scholes
Merton option valuation technique, adjusted for the effect of dilution, because it embodies all of
the requisite assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms, and risk free rates)
necessary to fair value these instruments. Estimating fair values of derivative financial
instruments requires the development of significant and subjective estimates that may, and are
likely to, change over the duration of the instrument with related changes in internal and external
market factors. In addition, option-based techniques are highly volatile and sensitive to changes
in the trading market price of our common stock. Since derivative financial instruments are
initially and subsequently carried at fair values, our income will reflect the volatility in
changes to these estimates and assumptions.
14
The following table summarizes the effects on our income (expense) associated with changes in
the fair values of our derivative financial instruments for the three months ended September 30,
2009:
Three months ended | ||||
September 30, 2009 | ||||
Investor warrants issued March 16, 2009 |
$ | 986,745 | ||
Investor warrants issued March 26, 2009 |
2,294,245 | |||
Investor warrants issued April 6, 2009 |
1,013,758 | |||
Day-one derivative loss: |
||||
Investor warrants issued April 6, 2009 |
| |||
Total change in fair value of derivative
liability |
$ | 4,294,748 | ||
There were no derivative financial instruments outstanding and no changes to fair value of
derivative liability for the three month period ended September 30, 2008.
Our derivative liabilities are significant to our financial statements for the three month
period ended September 30, 2009. The magnitude of derivative income (expense) reflects the
following:
| The market price of our common stock, which significantly affects the fair value of our derivative financial instruments, experienced material price fluctuations. To illustrate, the closing price of our common stock decreased from $0.67 on June 30, 2009 to $0.38 on September 30, 2009. The lower stock price had the effect of significantly decreasing the fair value of our derivative liabilities and, accordingly, we were required to adjust the derivatives to these lower values with a credit to derivative income. | ||
| In connection with our accounting for the April 6, 2009 financing, we encountered a day-one derivative loss related to the recognition of derivative instruments arising from the arrangement. That means that the fair value of the warrants exceeded the proceeds that we received from the arrangement and we were required to record a loss to record the derivative financial instruments at fair value. The loss that we recorded amounted to $2,605,466. We did not enter into any other financing arrangements during the periods reported that reflected day-one loss. |
The following table summarizes the number of common shares indexed to the derivative financial
instruments classified as liabilities as of June 30, 2009 and September 30, 2009:
Warrants issued March 16, 2009 |
3,925,000 | |||
Warrants issued March 26, 2009 |
9,115,000 | |||
Warrants issued April 6, 2009 |
4,460,000 | |||
Total warrants issued for the purchase of common stock |
17,500,000 | |||
Convertible Debt Instruments
We issued convertible debt in September and October 2007. We review the terms of convertible
debt and equity instruments that we issue to determine whether there are embedded derivative
instruments, including the embedded conversion options, that are required to be bifurcated and
accounted for separately as derivative instrument liabilities. Also, in connection with the sale of
convertible debt and equity instruments, we may issue freestanding options or warrants that may,
depending on their terms, be accounted for as derivative instrument liabilities, rather than as
equity. For
15
option-based derivative financial instruments, we use the Black-Scholes option pricing model
to value the derivative instruments.
When the embedded conversion option in a convertible debt instrument is not required to be
bifurcated and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument, we review the terms of the
instrument to determine whether it is necessary to record a beneficial conversion feature. When
the effective conversion rate of the instrument at the time it is issued is less than the fair
value of the common stock into which it is convertible, we recognize a beneficial conversion
feature, which is credited to equity and reduces the initial carrying value of the instrument.
When convertible debt is initially recorded at less than its face value as a result of
allocating some or all of the proceeds received to derivative instrument liabilities, to a
beneficial conversion feature or to other instruments, the discount from the face amount, together
with the stated interest on the convertible debt, is amortized over the life of the instrument
through periodic charges to income, using the effective interest method.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets
and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
effective date of the change.
Concentration of Credit Risk
We disclose significant concentrations of credit risk regardless of the degree of such risk.
Financial instruments with significant credit risk include cash and marketable securities. At
September 30, 2009, the Company had approximately $479,000 in cash accounts at one financial
institution and approximately $126,000 in an investment management account at another financial
institution.
Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements
We have reviewed recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and do not
believe any such pronouncements will have a material impact on our financial statements.
Note 3 Accounting for Intellectual Property
Long-lived assets of the Company are reviewed at least annually as to whether their carrying
value has become impaired. The Company assesses impairment at least annually or whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be
recoverable. When assessing impairment of long-lived assets, long-lived assets to be disposed of,
and certain identifiable intangibles related to those assets is performed, the Company is required
to compare the net carrying value of long-lived assets on the lowest level at which cash flows can
be determined on a consistent basis to the related estimates of future undiscounted net cash flows
for such properties. If the net carrying value exceeds the net cash flows, then impairment is
recognized to reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair value, generally equal to the future
undiscounted net cash flow.
16
Note 4 Convertible Debentures
On September 26, 2007 and October 31, 2007, the Company issued convertible debentures in a
private placement offering that bear interest at 8 percent per annum and have a term of three
years. The convertible debentures are convertible into the Companys common stock at $0.20 per
share during their term and at maturity, at the Companys option, may be repaid in full or
converted into common stock at the lower of $0.20 per share or the average trading price for the 10
days immediately prior to the maturity date on September 26, 2010 and October 31, 2010.
Gross proceeds of $1,490,000 were distributed to the Company pursuant to the issuance of
convertible debentures in the private placement offering. The Company also issued warrants to
purchase shares of the Companys common stock at $0.30 per share in the private placement offering.
Prior to conversion or repayment of the convertible debentures, if (i) the Company fails to
remain subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act for a period of at least 45
consecutive days, (ii) the Company fails to materially comply with the reporting requirements under
the Exchange Act for a period of 45 consecutive days, (iii) the Companys common stock is no longer
quoted on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board or listed or quoted on a securities exchange, or (iv)
a Change of Control (as defined in the convertible debentures) is consummated, the Company will be
required upon the election of the holder to redeem the convertible debentures in an amount equal to
150 percent of the principal amount of the convertible debenture plus any accrued or unpaid
interest.
The Company determined that the convertible debentures did not satisfy the definition of a
conventional convertible instrument, as an anti-dilution provision in the convertible debentures
reduces the conversion price dollar for dollar if the Company issues common stock with a price
lower than the conversion price of the convertible debentures. However, the Company has reviewed
applicable guidance and concluded that the embedded conversion option in the convertible debentures
qualifies for equity classification, and thus, is not required to be bifurcated from the host
contract. The Company also determined that the warrants issued in the private placement offering
qualify for equity classification.
In addition, the Company has reviewed the terms of the convertible debentures to determine
whether there are any other embedded derivative instruments that may be required to be bifurcated
and accounted for separately as derivative instrument liabilities. Certain events of default
associated with the convertible debentures, including the holders right to demand redemption in
certain circumstances, have risks and rewards that are not clearly and closely associated with the
risks and rewards of the debt instruments in which they are embedded. The Company has reviewed
these embedded derivative instruments to determine whether they should be separated from the
convertible debentures. However, at this time, the Company does not believe that the value of
these derivative instrument liabilities is material.
The Company allocated the proceeds received in the private placement to the convertible
debentures and warrants to purchase common stock based on their relative estimated fair values.
Management determined that the convertible debentures contained a beneficial conversion feature
based on the effective conversion price after allocating proceeds of the convertible debentures to
the common stock purchase warrants. As a result, the Company allocated $174,255 to the convertible
debentures, $578,185 to the common stock warrants, which was recorded in additional
paid-in-capital, and $737,560 to the beneficial conversion feature. The discount from the face
amount of the convertible debentures represented by the value initially assigned to any associated
warrants and to any beneficial conversion feature is amortized over the period to the due date of
each convertible debenture, using the effective interest method.
17
Effective interest associated with the convertible debentures totaled $109,111 and $63,742 for
the three month periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Effective interest is
accreted to the balance of convertible debt until maturity. A total of $256,568 was paid for
commissions and expenses incurred in the 2007 private placement offering which is being amortized
into interest expenses over the term of the convertible debentures on a straight-line basis. As of
September 30, 2009 the Company has recorded accumulated amortization of 2007 deferred offering
costs of $165,078.
Note 5 Line of Credit and Notes Payable
The Company established a line of credit to borrow against its marketable securities and any
cash received from redemption of its marketable securities. Under an agreement to extend the line
of credit from 50% to 80% of the face value of its marketable securities, as of September 30,
2009,the Company can borrow up to $580,000. The line is collateralized by the Companys marketable
securities. The interest rate charged through September 30, 2009, 3.00 percent, is 0.25 percentage
points below the published Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, which was 3.25 percent as of September
30, 2009. As of September 30, 2009, the Company has borrowed approximately $580,000 including
accrued interest from the line.
Effective September 15, 2009, the Company received a bridge loan in the amount of $100,000
from each of Mr. Thompson and Mr. Mauro, members of the Companys board of directors. The terms of
the notes are for one month with interest payable at a rate of 10% per annum. Accrued interest is
payable in cash by the Company upon repayment of the note at the maturity date. All parties have
agreed to an extension of the term of these notes. See Note 9 Subsequent Events for additional
information. On September 24, 2009, the Company received an additional loan for $500,000 from a
shareholder with simple interest payable on the unpaid principal balance equal to 3% per calendar
month through March 24, 2010.
Note 6 Stockholders Equity
During the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Company issued common stock and warrants
in a private offering, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $904,000. The
Company sold an aggregate of 2,583,668 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 516,724
shares of common stock to participants in the offering. These warrants are exercisable for a
period of three years from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.50 per share.
Payments in equity instruments for goods or services are accounted under the guidance of share
based payments, which require use of the fair value method. For the three months ended September
30, 2009 and 2008, stock based compensation of $802,248 and $126,022, respectively, was reflected
as an increase to additional paid in capital. Of the $802,248 stock based compensation for the
three months ended September 30, 2009, $438,867 was employee related and $363,381 was non-employee
related. Of the $126,022 stock based compensation for the three months ended September 30, 2008,
$88,000 was employee related and $38,022 was non-employee related.
Compensation based warrants for the purchase of 280,000 shares of the Companys common stock
were granted to consultants for services rendered during the three month period ended September 30,
2008. The value of these warrants was estimated at $49,235, and was expensed over the service
period. No compensation based warrants were granted during the three month period ended September
30, 2009.
The Companys Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of preferred shares. However,
as of September 30, 2009, none have been issued nor have any rights or preferences been assigned to
the preferred shares by the Companys Board of Directors.
18
Note 7 Common Stock and Warrant Offerings
In March and April of 2009 we issued and sold to accredited investors an aggregate of
17,500,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase the same number of shares of common
stock. The offering occurred in three closings:
| March 16, 2009: The issuance of 3,925,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 3,925,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $785,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $78,500. | ||
| March 26, 2009: The issuance of 9,115,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 9,115,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $1,823,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $182,300. | ||
| April 6, 2009: The issuance of 4,460,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 4,460,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $892,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $39,200. |
The investors in these offerings also received anti-dilution protection which provides that
if, on or before March 6, 2011, the Company issues shares of common stock or certain securities
giving rights to purchase common stock at a price below $0.20, then such investors will be issued
for no additional consideration a number of additional shares of common stock as is calculated
based on a broad-based weighted average anti-dilution formula; provided, that in the case of an
issuance for a price below $0.10 per share, the Company shall only be required to issue to such
investors shares of common stock as if such additional shares were issued or sold at $0.10 per
share.
The Company has the option to redeem the warrants at its option at a redemption price of $0.01
per share provided that (i) the market price of the Companys common stock has equaled or exceeded
200% of the exercise price for any 20 consecutive trading days and (ii) the average trading volume
exceeds 100,000 shares per day.
The overall accounting for the warrants required consideration regarding the classification of
the investor and placement agent warrants. In evaluating the warrants, there were no explicit
conditions that required net cash settlement and the contract permitted us to settle in
unregistered shares. At inception, the warrants met all the requirements for equity classification.
The proceeds were allocated to the common stock and warrants based on their relative fair values.
The following table illustrates how the proceeds from the offerings were allocated on the
relevant closing date:
March 16, 2009 | March 26, 2009 | April 6, 2009 | ||||||||||
Classification | Allocation | Allocation | Allocation | |||||||||
Common stock |
$ | 479,536 | $ | 1,228,291 | $ | | ||||||
Paid-in Capital (Warrants) |
305,464 | 594,709 | 3,510,466 | |||||||||
Day-one derivative loss |
| | (2,605,466 | ) | ||||||||
Allocation |
$ | 785,000 | $ | 1,823,000 | $ | 905,000 | ||||||
In connection with this offering, placement agents received warrants to purchase shares of our
common stock. These warrants are exercisable for a period of three years from the date of issuance
at an exercise price of $0.50 per share. We determined that these placement agent warrants met the
conditions
19
for equity classification. The following is a table of the placement agent warrants issued and
their fair value on the date of issuance:
Common shares | ||||||||
indexed to | ||||||||
the placement | ||||||||
agent warrants | Fair value | |||||||
March 16, 2009 |
392,500 | $ | 100,009 | |||||
March 26, 2009 |
911,500 | 378,819 | ||||||
April 6, 2009 |
196,000 | 154,272 | ||||||
Total |
1,500,000 | $ | 633,100 | |||||
The placement agent warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation technique,
adjusted for the effects of dilution using the following assumptions:
Significant assumptions (or ranges):
March 16, 2009 | March 26, 2009 | April 6, 2009 | ||||||||||
Trading market values (1) |
$ | 0.50 | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.50 | ||||||
Term (years) (3) |
3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
Volatility (1) |
151 | % | 151 | % | 151 | % | ||||||
Risk-free rate (2) |
1.39 | % | 1.39 | % | 1.37 | % | ||||||
Dividends |
| | |
On March 30, 2009, we entered into an Amended Unit Subscription Agreement which included
liquidating damages in the event we do not file our current reports under the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934. This provision resulted in the investor warrants no longer meeting the
applicable requirements for equity classification. As such, warrants issued pursuant to the
offering valued at $7,652,023, were reclassified to liabilities. The placement agent warrants
continued to achieve equity classification.
We estimated the fair value of the warrants on the date they required reclassification as a
liability and each subsequent reporting period, using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation technique,
adjusted for the effect of dilution because that technique embodies all of the assumptions
(including, volatility, expected terms, and risk free rates) that are necessary to fair value
freestanding warrants.
The following table reflects the fair values of these derivative financial instruments:
September 30, 2009 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
Common stock and warrant offering: |
||||||||
March 16, 2009 offering (warrants) |
$ | 922,768 | $ | 1,909,513 | ||||
March 26, 2009 offering (warrants) |
2,152,052 | 4,446,297 | ||||||
April 6, 2009 offering (warrants) |
1,060,142 | 2,073,900 | ||||||
$ | 4,134,962 | $ | 8,429,710 | |||||
Significant assumptions (or ranges): |
||||||||
Trading market values (1) |
$ | 0.38 | $ | 0.67 | ||||
Term (years) (3) |
2.5 | 2.7 | ||||||
Volatility (1) |
153 | % | 154 | % | ||||
Risk-free rate (2) |
0.95-1.45 | % | 1.64 | % | ||||
Dividends |
| |
20
Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair value of these warrants was determined to be
classified as level 3. Total cash fees for this offering were $260,800.
On August 5, 2009 we entered into a Common Stock and Warrant Offering Agreement which involved
the issuance of 2,583,668 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.35 per
share and the issuance of warrants exercisable for 516,724 shares of our common stock. These
warrants are exercisable for a period of three years from the date of issuance at an exercise price
of $0.50 per share. Total proceeds from this transaction were $904,287. Total cash fees for this
offering were $46,013.
In our evaluation of the purchase transaction, we concluded that the Common Stock issued met
equity classification. In evaluating these warrants, there were no explicit conditions that
required net cash settlement and the contract permitted us to settle in unregistered shares and the
warrants met all the requirements for equity classification. The proceeds were allocated to the
common stock and warrants based on their relative fair values.
The following table illustrates how the proceeds from the offerings were allocated on the date
of closing:
August 5, 2009 | ||||
Classification | Allocation | |||
Common stock |
$ | 682,715 | ||
Paid-in Capital (Warrants) |
221,572 | |||
Proceeds |
$ | 904,287 | ||
In connection with this offering, placement agents received warrants to purchase shares of our
common stock. These warrants are exercisable for a period of three years from the date of issuance
at an exercise price of $0.50 per share. We determined that placement agent warrants met the
conditions for equity classification. The following is a table of the placement agent warrants
issued and their fair value on the date of issuance which was recorded in stockholders equity:
Common shares | ||||||||
indexed to the | ||||||||
placement | ||||||||
agent warrants | Fair value | |||||||
August 5, 2009 |
276,473 | $ | 121,535 |
The placement agent warrants and the investor warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes
Merton valuation technique, adjusted for the effects of dilution using the following assumptions:
Significant assumptions (or ranges):
August 5, 2009 | ||||
Trading market values (1) |
$ | 0.60 | ||
Term (years) (3) |
3.00 | |||
Volatility (1) |
151 | % | ||
Risk-free rate (2) |
1.78 | % | ||
Dividends |
|
21
Note 8 Contingencies and Litigation
On February 27, 2009, Zrii, LLC (Zrii) filed a complaint against the Company and two former
Zrii independent contractors in the United States District Court for the Southern District of
California. The complaint makes allegations of intentional interference with contractual relations
with Zrii employees and distributors, intentional interference with Zriis prospective economic
advantage, racketeering, misappropriation of Zriis proprietary information and trade secrets,
violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, the Wiretap Act, the Stored Communications Act, and
unfair competition, in addition to numerous other related claims. Zrii seeks injunctive relief
enjoining the Company from using or disclosing Zriis trade secrets and proprietary information and
from interfering with Zriis employees and distributors, general damages of at least $75 million,
lost profits, royalties, punitive damages, disgorgement of profits, and attorneys fees and costs.
We filed a motion to dismiss on March 17, 2009.
On May l, 2009, Zrii filed a First Amended Complaint, mooting the Motion to Dismiss. The First
Amended Complaint names, as a defendant, the Company and only one of the two individuals, Tyler
Daniels, who were named defendants in the initial Complaint. In the First Amended Complaint, Zrii
alleges that the Company actively conspired with Mr. Daniels, and others, to wrongfully solicit
Zrii employees and business and schemed to take and use Zriis proprietary and trade secret
information. The claims against the Company include Intentional Interference with Contractual
Relations, Intentional Interference with Prospective Economic Advantage, Misappropriation of Trade
Secrets, Violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, Violation of the Wiretap Act, Violation of
Stored Communications Act, Conversion, Unfair Competition, and Unjust Enrichment. One of the claims
in the initial Complaint, namely a claim based upon alleged violations of 18 U.S.C. 196I et. seq.,
a Civil Rico statute, is not present in this First Amended Complaint. In its prayer for relief Zrii
is demanding equitable relief and damages. The Company responded to this new pleading by filing a
Motion to Dismiss.
The Company has retained outside counsel to respond to the claims of Zrii and consider any
potential counter claims by the Company. Management believes that the claims against the Company
lack merit and intends to vigorously defend the action if it is not dismissed based on the pending
motion. While the Company currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.
In the event that the action is not dismissed, there is a risk of a material adverse result.
Note 9 Subsequent Event
Two bridge loans in the amount of $100,000 from each of Mr. Thompson and Mr. Mauro,
members of the Companys board of directors and related parties of the Company, have been extended
two months beyond the initial term to December 15, 2009. All other terms of the notes remain the
same.
22
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the
federal securities laws. We urge you to carefully review our description and examples of forward-
looking statements included in the section entitled Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements at the beginning of this report. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date
of this report and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements to
reflect new information, events or circumstances after the date of this report. Actual events or
results may differ materially from such statements. In evaluating such statements, we urge you to
specifically consider various factors identified in this report, including the matters set forth
below in Part II, Item 1A of this report, any of which could cause actual results to differ
materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. The following discussion and
analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements and related
notes, as well as the Financial Statements and related notes in our Annual report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 and the risk factors discussed therein.
Overview
This managements discussion and analysis discusses the financial condition and results of
operations of Lifevantage Corporation (the Company, Lifevantage, or we, us or our) and
its wholly-owned subsidiary, Lifeline Nutraceuticals Corporation (LNC). The Company experienced
a significant change in fair value of its derivative warrant liability of approximately $4,295,000
which was recorded as other income during the three month period ended September 30, 2009. Absent
the effect of the change in fair value of the derivative warrant liability, the Company would have
reported a loss.
We are a publicly traded dietary supplement company which markets and sells its products
through the network marketing or multi-level marketing industry and seeks to enhance life through
anti-aging and wellness products while creating business opportunities for all people. We offer
products in two principal categories: dietary supplements that
combat oxidative stress and anti-aging skincare. Currently, we manufacture, market, distribute and
sell two products, our centerpiece product, Protandim®, a dietary supplement, and our
Lifevantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream. We primarily sell our products in the United States,
and have recently begun sales into Mexico, through a network of independent distributors, preferred
customers and direct customers. We also currently sell Protandim® through our direct to
consumer sales channel and to one retail store, GNC.
Our revenue significantly depends upon the number and productivity of our independent
distributors. As a result, it is vital to our business that we continuously leverage our research
and development resources to develop and introduce innovative products. We have developed a
distributor compensation plan and other incentives designed to motivate our independent
distributors to market and sell our products and to build sales organizations. If we experience
delays or difficulties in introducing compelling products or attractive initiatives to independent
distributors, this can have a negative impact on our revenue and harm our business.
Our research efforts to date have been focused on investigating various aspects and
consequences of the imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants. We intend to continue our research,
development, and documentation of the efficacy of Protandim® to provide credibility to
the market. We also anticipate undertaking research, development, testing, and licensing efforts
to be able to introduce additional products in the future, although we cannot offer any assurance
that we will be successful in this endeavor.
The primary manufacturing, fulfillment, and shipping components of our business are outsourced
to companies we believe possess a high degree of expertise. Through outsourcing, we hope to
achieve a more direct correlation between the costs we incur and our level of product sales, versus
the relatively high fixed costs of building our own infrastructure to accomplish these same tasks. Outsourcing also
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helps to minimize our commitment of resources to the human capital required to
manage these operational components successfully. Outsourcing also provides additional capacity
without significant advance notice and often at an incremental price lower than the unit prices for
the base service.
Our expenses have consisted primarily of marketing expenses, operating expenses, payroll and
professional fees, customer service, research and development and product manufacturing for the
marketing and sale of Protandim®.
We have taken steps that have caused us to incur significant costs which we believe will help
increase sales, including the launch of our network marketing sales channel announced in October
2008. We believe that sales of our main product, Protandim®, are well-suited for and
will benefit from the network marketing sales channel based upon numerous scientific studies behind
Protandim® which are best communicated in a face to face environment.
Net revenue from Protandim® sales totaled approximately $1,858,000 for the three
months ended September 30, 2009 and approximately $1,274,000 for the three months ended September
30, 2008. During the three months ended September 30, 2008, the Company recognized all
deferred revenue and expenses from GNC and Vitamin Cottage (retail customers at the time which had
unlimited right of return requirements), because the Company determined it has sufficient history to
reasonably estimate returns and meets the retail sales recognition requirements. Excluding the
recognition of prior period deferred revenue of approximately $511,000 from GNC and Vitamin
Cottage, sales for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were approximately $763,000.
Recent Developments
August 2009 Private Placement
The Company issued common stock and warrants in a private placement offering with aggregate
gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $904,000. The Company sold an aggregate of
2,583,668 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $0.35 per share and issued warrants
exercisable for 516,724 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.50 per
share and may be exercised at any time following issuance during the three year exercise period.
Effective September 15, 2009, the Company received a bridge loan in the amount of $100,000
from each of Mr. Thompson and Mr. Mauro, members of the Companys board of directors and related
parties of the Company. The terms of the notes are for one month with interest payable at a rate
of 10% per annum. Accrued interest is payable in cash by the Company upon repayment of the note at
the maturity date. All parties have agreed to an extension of the term of these two bridge
loans through December 15, 2009.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2008
Sales We generated net sales from the sale of our products approximating $1,858,000
during the three months ended September 30, 2009, and generated net sales of approximately $763,000
and recognized approximately $511,000 of previously deferred revenue, or a total of approximately
$1,274,000, during the three months ended September 30, 2008. Excluding the recognition of prior
period deferred revenue of approximately $511,000 from GNC and Vitamin Cottage, sales for the three
months ended September 30, 2008 were approximately $763,000.
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The increase in revenue is due to sales through the network marketing or multi-level marketing
sales channel. During the three month period ended September 30, 2009, most of our marketing effort
was directed toward building this channel.
Gross Margin Our gross profit percentage for the three month periods ended September
30, 2009 and 2008 was 83% and 82%, respectively. The higher gross margin in 2009 was primarily due
to efficiencies and cost reductions obtained through our contract manufacturer.
Operating Expenses Total operating expenses for the three months ended September 30,
2009 were approximately $4,554,000 as compared to operating expenses of approximately $1,092,000
for the three months ended September 30, 2008. Operating expenses consist of marketing and
customer service expenses, general and administrative expenses, research and development, and
depreciation and amortization expenses. Operating expenses increased due to additional personnel
related costs related to the additional staffing requirements for the Companys network marketing
sales channel strategy, commissions for distributors, and higher accrued legal expenses.
Sales and Marketing Expenses Sales and marketing expense increased from approximately
$485,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2008 to approximately $2,012,000 in the three
months ended September 30, 2009. This increase was due to additional sales and marketing
personnel, commissions paid to distributors, website redevelopment and consulting fees.
General and Administrative Expenses Our general and administrative expense increased
from approximately $514,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2008 to approximately
$2,381,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2009. The increase is primarily due to higher
compensation expense for additional personnel related to the rollout of our network marketing sales
channel and higher accrued legal expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2009.
Research and Development Our research and development expenses increased from $53,000
in the three months ended September 30, 2008 to approximately $107,000 in the three months ended
September 30, 2009 as a result of an increase in fees paid to scientific advisory board members
related to the science behind and benefits of Protandim®.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense Depreciation and amortization expense
increased from approximately $40,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2008 to
approximately $53,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2009.
Net Other Income and Expense We recognized net other income of approximately
$4,159,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to net other expense of
approximately $78,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2008. This increase is primarily
the result of the change in fair value of the derivative warrant liability during the three months
ended September 30, 2009 of approximately $4,295,000.
Net Income/Loss The Companys net income was approximately $1,150,000 for the three
month period ended September 30, 2009 compared to a net loss of approximately $131,000 for the
three month period ended September 30, 2008, primarily as a result of the change in fair value of
the Companys derivative warrant liability of approximately $4,295,000. Absent the effect of the
change in fair value of the derivative warrant liability, the Company would have incurred a net
loss of approximately $3,144,000.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary liquidity and capital resource requirements are to finance the cost of additional
personnel required for the rollout of our network marketing sales channel strategy including the
compensation plan to distributors, the manufacture and sale of our products and to pay
our general and administrative expenses. The Companys recent hiring of additional personnel for
its network marketing
sales channel has resulted in substantial additional costs and expenses. In order to meet
these increased expense requirements, the Companys sales must continue to increase or the Company
must raise sufficient amounts of additional capital, and there is no guarantee that either of these
events will occur. To reduce cash outflow related to increased expenses, the Company has reviewed
job functions and eliminated redundant positions.
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flow from the sales of our product and funds raised
from our 2007 and 2009 private placements. As of September 30, 2009, our available liquidity was
approximately $605,000, including available cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. This
represented a decrease of approximately $4,000 from the approximately $609,000 in cash, cash
equivalents and marketable securities as of June 30, 2009. During the three months ended September
30, 2009, our net cash used by operating activities was approximately $1,659,000 as compared to net
cash used by operating activities of approximately $244,000 during the three months ended September
30, 2008. The Companys cash used by operating activities during the three month period ended
September 30, 2009 increased primarily as a result of increased expenditures as previously
discussed.
During the three months ended September 30, 2009, our net cash provided by investing
activities was approximately $37,000, due to the redemption of marketable securities. During the
three months ended September 30, 2008, our net cash provided by investing activities was
approximately $48,000, primarily due to the redemption of marketable securities.
Cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended September 30, 2009 was
approximately $1,617,000, compared to approximately $154,000 during the three months ended
September 30, 2008. Cash provided from financing activities during the three month period ended
September 30, 2009 was due to proceeds from the August 2009 private placement of approximately
$904,000 and notes from two directors and one shareholder totaling $700,000. Cash provided from
financing activities during the three months ended September 30, 2008 was due to proceeds from the
revolving line of credit.
We maintain an investment portfolio of marketable securities that is managed by a professional
financial institution. The portfolio includes ARPS of AA and AAA rated closed-end funds. These
marketable securities which historically have been extremely liquid have been adversely affected by
the broader national liquidity crisis.
Based upon an agreement to expand the Companys line of credit to approximately 80%, which the
Companys marketable securities serve as collateral, management has classified 80% or $480,000 of
the Companys marketable securities as short term. The remaining 20% or $120,000 of the Companys
marketable securities that may not be available in the current year is classified as long-term.
However, future economic events could change the portion of these classified as long term.
At September 30, 2009, we had negative working capital (current assets minus current
liabilities) of approximately $2,375,000, compared to negative working capital of approximately
$748,000 at June 30, 2009. The decrease in working capital was primarily due to the rollout of our
network marketing sales channel and accrued legal expenses related to the complaint filed against
the Company by Zrii, LLC, offset by the capital raised in August 2009.
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In the third and fourth quarters of our 2009 fiscal year, we assumed substantial overhead as
we entered the network marketing sales channel and we subsequently instituted a comprehensive
review of job functions to eliminate redundant positions. As a result, our management implemented
cost reduction initiatives designed to reduce operating costs while increasing our efficiency and
productivity. We believe these initiatives will allow us to retain the most qualified and
essential personnel required for continued operations and growth of our network marketing
distribution model.
Our ability to finance future operations will depend on our existing liquidity and,
ultimately, on our ability to generate additional revenues and profits from operations. Management
has projected that existing cash on hand will be sufficient to allow us to continue operations at
current levels through December 31, 2009. We will need to raise additional capital to continue
operations at current levels beyond that date. A shortfall from projected sales levels would also
have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue operations at current levels. We are
actively seeking to raise additional capital through debt, equity or equity-based financing (such
as convertible debt); however financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all. If we
raise additional funds by selling additional shares of our capital stock, or securities convertible
into shares of our capital stock, the ownership interest of our existing shareholders may be
diluted. The amount of dilution could be increased by the issuance of warrants or securities with
other dilutive characteristics, such as anti-dilution clauses or price resets. If we are unable to
raise additional financing in a timely manner, we would be forced to liquidate some or all of our
assets, and/or to suspend or curtail certain or cease all of our operations.
Critical Accounting Policies
We prepare our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates,
judgments, and assumptions that we believe are reasonable based upon the information available.
These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods
presented. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Our significant accounting policies
are described in Note 2 to our financial statements. Certain of these significant accounting
policies require us to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments or estimates. We consider
an accounting estimate to be critical if (1) the accounting estimate requires us to make
assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made,
and (2) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, or use
of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have a
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
There are other items within our financial statements that require estimation, but are not
deemed critical as defined above. Changes in estimates used in these and other items could have a
material impact on our financial statements. Management has discussed the development and
selection of these critical accounting estimates with our board of directors, and the audit
committee has reviewed the foregoing disclosure.
Allowances for Product Returns We record allowances for product returns at the time
we ship the product based on estimated return rates of 1% to 4%. We base these accruals on the
historical return rate since the inception of our selling activities, and the specific historical
return patterns of the product.
We offer a 30-day, money back unconditional guarantee to all direct customers. As of
September 30, 2009, our September 2009 direct and network marketing sales shipments of
approximately $658,000 were subject to the money back guarantee. We replace product returned due
to damage during shipment wholly at our cost, the total of which historically has been negligible.
In addition, we allow terminating distributors to return 30% of unopened unexpired product that
they have previously purchased up to twelve months prior, subject to certain consumption
limitations.
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We monitor our return estimate on an ongoing basis and may revise the allowances to reflect
our experience. Our allowance for product returns was approximately $62,300 on September 30, 2009,
compared with approximately $68,500 on June 30, 2009. To date, product expiration dates have not
played any role in product returns, and we do not expect they will in the foreseeable future
because it is
unlikely that we will ship product with an expiration date earlier than the latest allowable
product return date.
Inventory Valuation We state inventories at the lower of cost or market on a first-in
first-out basis. From time to time we maintain a reserve for inventory obsolescence and we base
this reserve on assumptions about current and future product demand, inventory whose shelf life has
expired and market conditions. From time to time, we may be required to make additional reserves
in the event there is a change in any of these variables. We recorded no reserves for obsolete
inventory as of September 30, 2009 because our product and raw materials have a shelf life of at
least three (3) years based upon testing performed quarterly in an accelerated aging chamber.
Revenue Recognition We ship the majority of our product directly to the consumer
through the direct to consumer and network marketing sales channels via United Parcel Service,
(UPS), and receive substantially all payment for these shipments in the form of credit card
charges. We recognize revenue from direct product sales to customers upon passage of title and
risk of loss to customers when product ships from the fulfillment facility. Sales revenue and
estimated returns are recorded when product is shipped.
For retail customers, the Company analyzed its distributor contracts to determine the
appropriate accounting treatment for its recognition of revenue on a customer by customer basis.
Where the right of return existed beyond 30 days, revenue and the related cost of sales is deferred
until sufficient sell-through data is received to reasonably estimate the amount of future returns.
As of September 30, 2009, the Company had one retail distributor.
The Company recognized approximately $511,000 of previously deferred retail revenue and its
related costs during the three month period ended September 30, 2008, as it had sufficient
information to reasonably estimate future returns. Prior to July 2008, the Company recognized
retail revenue from its retail distributor on a sell-through basis as product was sold by that
distributor to its customer.
Derivative Instruments In connection with the sale of debt or equity instruments, we
may sell options or warrants to purchase our common stock. In certain circumstances, these options
or warrants may be classified as derivative liabilities, rather than as equity. Additionally, the
debt or equity instruments may contain embedded derivative instruments, such as conversion options,
which in certain circumstances may be required to be bifurcated from the associated host instrument
and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument liability.
The identification of, and accounting for, derivative instruments is complex. For options,
warrants and any bifurcated conversion options that are accounted for as derivative instrument
liabilities, we determine the fair value of these instruments using the Black-Scholes option
pricing model. That model requires assumptions related to the remaining term of the instruments and
risk-free rates of return, our current common stock price and expected dividend yield, and the
expected volatility of our common stock price over the life of the instruments. Because of the
limited trading history for our common stock, we have estimated the future volatility of our common
stock price based on not only the history of our stock price but also the experience of other
entities considered comparable to us. The identification of, and accounting for, derivative
instruments and the assumptions used to value them can significantly affect our financial
statements.
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Intangible Assets Patent Costs We review the carrying value of our patent costs
and compare to fair value at least annually to determine whether the patents have continuing value.
In determining fair value, we consider undiscounted future cash flows and market capitalization.
Stock-Based Compensation We use the fair value approach to account for stock-based
compensation in accordance with the modified version of prospective application.
Research and Development Costs We have expensed all of our payments related to
research and development activities.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
We have reviewed recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and do not
believe any such pronouncements will have a material impact on our financial statements.
Item 4T. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The SEC defines the term disclosure controls and procedures to mean a companys controls and
other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the
reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms. The
Companys management maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that
information required to be disclosed in the Companys reports is recorded, processed, summarized,
and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms, and that such
information is accumulated and evaluated by the Companys management to allow management to make
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Members of the Companys management, including its Chief Executive Officer, David Brown, and
Chief Financial Officer, Carrie E. Carlander, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Companys
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e), as of
September 30, 2009, the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, Mr.
Brown and Ms. Carlander concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of
September 30, 2009.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter
ended September 30, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, our internal control over financial reporting. With the addition of new employees for the
entry and rollout of the Companys network marketing sales strategy, internal controls are being
analyzed and modified where necessary to maintain the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On February 27, 2009, Zrii, LLC (Zrii) filed a complaint against the Company and two former
Zrii independent contractors in the United States District Court for the Southern District of
California. The complaint makes allegations of intentional interference with contractual relations
with Zrii employees and distributors, intentional interference with Zriis prospective economic
advantage, racketeering, misappropriation of Zriis proprietary information and trade secrets,
violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, the Wiretap Act, the Stored Communications Act, and
unfair competition, in addition to numerous other related claims. Zrii seeks injunctive relief
enjoining the Company from using or disclosing Zriis trade secrets and proprietary information and
from interfering with Zriis employees and distributors, general damages of at least $75 million,
lost profits, royalties, punitive damages, disgorgement of profits, and attorneys fees and costs.
We filed a motion to dismiss on March 17, 2009.
On May l, 2009, Zrii filed a First Amended Complaint, mooting the Motion to Dismiss. The First
Amended Complaint names, as a defendant, the Company and only one of the two individuals, Tyler
Daniels, who were named defendants in the initial Complaint. In the First Amended Complaint, Zrii
alleges that the Company actively conspired with Mr. Daniels, and others, to wrongfully solicit
Zrii employees and business and schemed to take and use Zriis proprietary and trade secret
information. The claims against the Company include Intentional Interference with Contractual
Relations, Intentional Interference with Prospective Economic Advantage, Misappropriation of Trade
Secrets, Violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, Violation of the Wiretap Act, Violation of
Stored Communications Act, Conversion, Unfair Competition, and Unjust Enrichment. One of the claims
in the initial Complaint, namely a claim based upon alleged violations of 18 U.S.C. 196I et. seq.,
a Civil Rico statute, is not present in this First Amended Complaint. In its prayer for relief Zrii
is demanding equitable relief and damages. The Company responded to this new pleading by filing a
Motion to Dismiss.
The Company has retained outside counsel to respond to the claims of Zrii and consider any
potential counter claims by the Company. Management believes that the claims against the Company
lack merit and intends to vigorously defend the action if it is not dismissed based on the pending
motion. While the Company currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.
In the event that the action is not dismissed, there is a risk of a material adverse result.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider
the risk factors discussed in Part I. Item 1ARisk Factors in our Annual report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. The risks and uncertainties described in such risk factors and
elsewhere in this report have the potential to materially affect our business, financial condition,
results of operations, cash flows, projected results and future prospects. As of the date of this
report, we do not believe that there have been any material changes to the risk factors previously
disclosed in our Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, other than as
set out below reflecting our recent entry on the network marketing or multi-level marketing sales
channel.
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Deteriorating economic conditions globally, including the current financial crisis and declining
consumer confidence and spending could harm our business.
Global economic conditions have deteriorated significantly over the past several years.
Consumer confidence and spending have declined drastically and the global credit crisis has limited
access to capital for many companies. The economic downturn could adversely impact our business in
the future by causing a decline in demand for our products, particularly if the economic conditions
are prolonged or continue to worsen. In addition, such economic conditions may adversely impact
access to capital for us and our suppliers, may decrease our independent distributors ability to
obtain or maintain credit cards, and may otherwise adversely impact our operations and overall
financial condition.
Our recently initiated network marketing sales channel may not be successful.
We have recently initiated a network marketing sales channel through which independent
distributors will enter into agreements with us to sell Protandim® and other products
that we may introduce in the market. In order to implement our new sales channel, we have recently
hired approximately 50 additional personnel and enrolled several thousand independent distributors
to date. Our recent additions of personnel and independent distributors will result in substantial
additional costs and expenses. In order to meet these increased expense requirements, we must
substantially increase sales of our product or we must raise significant amounts of additional
capital, which we may be unable to accomplish. If our revenue does not increase correspondingly
with these increased costs and expenses, we will be unable to meet the cost requirements of our
network marketing sales channel. In addition, there is no guarantee that our independent
distributors efforts to sell Protandim® or other products will be successful. Should
some of the risks related to the Companys network marketing distribution channel materialize, we
have the option of changing the sales channel and continuing the business.
If we are unable to retain our existing independent distributors and recruit additional independent
distributors, our revenue will not increase and may even decline.
We have recently initiated a network marketing sales channel and we depend on our independent
distributors to generate a significant portion of our revenue through that sales channel. Our
independent distributors may terminate their services at any time, and, like most network marketing
companies, we are likely to experience high turnover among independent distributors from year to
year. Independent distributors who join to purchase our products for personal consumption or for
short-term income goals may only stay with us for a short time. Independent distributors have
highly variable levels of training, skills and capabilities. As a result, in order to maintain
sales and increase sales in the future, we need to continue to retain independent distributors and
recruit additional independent distributors. To increase our revenue, we must increase the number
of and/or the productivity of our independent distributors. The number of our independent
distributors may not increase and could decline. While we take steps to help train, motivate, and
retain independent distributors, we cannot accurately predict how the number and productivity of
independent distributors may fluctuate because we rely primarily upon our independent distributor
leaders to recruit, train, and motivate new independent distributors. Our operating results could
be harmed if we and our independent distributor leaders do not generate sufficient interest in our
business to retain existing independent distributors and attract new independent distributors.
The number and productivity of our independent distributors also depends on several additional
factors, including:
| any adverse publicity regarding us, our products, our distribution channel, or our competitors; | ||
| lack of interest in existing or new products; |
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| lack of a story that generates interest for potential new independent distributors and effectively draws them into the business; | ||
| the publics perception of our products and their ingredients; | ||
| the publics perception of our distributors and direct selling businesses in general; | ||
| our actions to enforce our policies and procedures; | ||
| any regulatory actions of charges against us or others in our industry; | ||
| general economic and business conditions; and |
Because we compete with other network marketing companies in attracting independent
distributors, our operating results could be adversely affected if our existing and new business
opportunities and incentives, products, business tools and other initiatives do not generate
sufficient enthusiasm and economic incentive to retain our existing independent distributors or to
hire new independent distributors on a sustained basis. There can be no assurance that our
initiatives will continue to generate excitement among our independent distributors in the
long-term or that planned initiatives will be successful in maintaining independent distributor
activity and productivity or in motivating independent distributor leaders to remain engaged in
business building and developing new independent distributor leaders. In addition, some initiatives
may have unanticipated negative impacts on our independent distributors, particularly any changes
to our compensation plan. The introduction of a new product or key initiative can also negatively
impact other product lines to the extent our independent distributor leaders focus their efforts on
the new product or initiative.
Although our independent distributors are independent contractors, improper independent distributor
actions that violate laws or regulations could harm our business.
Independent distributor activities in our existing markets that violate governmental laws or
regulations could result in governmental actions against us in markets where we operate, which
would harm our business. Our independent distributors are not employees and act independently of
us. We implement strict policies and procedures to ensure our independent distributors will comply
with legal requirements. However, given the size of our independent distributor force, we may
experience problems with independent distributors from time to time.
Government inquiries, investigations, and actions regarding our network marketing system could harm
our business.
The network marketing industry is subject to governmental regulation, including regulation by
the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Any determination by the FTC or other governmental agency
that we or our distributors are not in compliance with existing laws or regulations regarding the
network marketing industry could potentially harm our business. Even if governmental actions do not
result in rulings or orders against us, they could create negative publicity that could
detrimentally affect our efforts to recruit or motivate independent distributors and attract
customers and, consequently, result in a material adverse effect on our business and results of
operations.
Challenges by private parties to the form of our network marketing system or other regulatory
compliance issues could harm our business.
We may be subject to challenges by private parties, including our independent distributors, to
the form of our network marketing system or elements of our network marketing sales channel. For
example, lawsuits have recently been brought or threatened against some of our competitors that
include allegations that the businesses involve unlawful pyramid schemes as well as other
allegations. Adverse rulings in any of the cases that have been filed or that may be filed in the
future could negatively impact our business if they create adverse publicity, modify current
regulatory requirements in a manner that is
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inconsistent with our current business practices, or impose fines or other penalties. In the United
States, the network marketing industry and regulatory authorities have generally relied on the
implementation of distributor rules and policies designed to promote retail sales to protect
consumers and to prevent inappropriate activities and to distinguish between legitimate network
marketing distribution plans and unlawful pyramid schemes. We have adopted rules and policies based
on case law, rulings of the FTC, discussions with regulatory authorities in several states and
domestic and global industry standards. Legal and regulatory requirements concerning network
marketing systems, however, involve a high level of subjectivity, are inherently fact-based and are
subject to judicial interpretation. As a result, we can provide no assurance that we would not be
harmed by the application or interpretation of statutes or regulations governing network marketing,
particularly in any civil challenge by a current or former independent distributor.
Adverse publicity concerning our business, marketing plan or products could harm our business and
reputation.
The size of our distribution force and the results of our operations can be particularly
impacted by adverse publicity regarding us, the nature of our independent distributor network, our
products or the actions of our independent distributors. Specifically, we are susceptible to
adverse publicity concerning:
| suspicions about the legality and ethics of network marketing; | ||
| the ingredients or safety of our or our competitors products; | ||
| regulatory investigations of us, our competitors and our respective products; | ||
| the actions of our current or former distributors; and | ||
| public perceptions of network marketing generally. |
The loss of key high-level distributors could negatively impact the growth of our network marketing
sales channel.
Approximately 30 of our independent distributors occupy the highest distributor levels under
our compensation plan. These independent distributors, together with their extensive networks of
downline distributors, currently account for substantially all of our sales through our network
marketing sales channel. As a result, the loss of a high-level independent distributor or a group
of leading distributors in the independent distributors network of downline distributors, whether
by choice or through disciplinary actions for violations of our policies and procedures, could
negatively impact the growth of our network marketing sales channel.
Laws and regulations may prohibit or severely restrict our network marketing efforts and regulators
could adopt new regulations that harm our business.
Various government agencies throughout the world regulate network marketing practices. These
laws and regulations are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often
referred to as pyramid schemes, which compensate participants for recruiting additional
participants irrespective of product sales, use high pressure recruiting methods and/or do not
involve legitimate products. Complying with these rules and regulations can be difficult and
requires the devotion of significant resources on our part. If we are unable to continue business
in existing markets or commence operations in new markets because of these laws, this could result
in a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Markets in which we
currently do business could change their laws or regulations to negatively affect or completely
prohibit network marketing efforts.
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There is no assurance that we will be successful in expanding our operations and, if successful,
managing our future growth.
Our ability to finance future operations will depend on our existing liquidity and,
ultimately, on our ability to generate additional revenues and profits from operations. Management
has projected that existing cash on hand will be sufficient to allow us to continue operations at
current levels through December 31, 2009. We will need to raise additional capital to continue
operations at current levels beyond that date. A shortfall from projected sales levels would also
have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue operations at current levels. We are
actively seeking to raise additional capital through debt, equity or equity-based financing (such
as convertible debt); however financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all. If we
raise additional funds by selling additional shares of our capital stock, or securities convertible
into shares of our capital stock, the ownership interest of our existing shareholders may be
diluted. The amount of dilution could be increased by the issuance of warrants or securities with
other dilutive characteristics, such as anti-dilution clauses or price resets. If we are unable to
raise additional financing in a timely manner, we would be forced to liquidate some or all of our
assets, and/or to suspend or curtail certain or cease all of our operations.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended September 30, 2009, the Company sold 2,583,668 unregistered
shares of common stock at a price of $0.35 per share. In connection with that issuance, the
Company also issued warrants exercisable for 516,724 shares of its common stock. The warrants have
an exercise price of $0.50 per share and may be exercised at any time following issuance during the
three-year exercise period. The issuances described above were exempt from registration under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof and/or Rule 506 promulgated
thereunder. The transaction was not conducted in connection with a public offering, and no public
solicitation or advertisement was made or relied upon by the investors in connection with the
offering.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
31.2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 * | ||
32.2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 * |
* | Furnished herewith. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION |
||||
Date: November 12, 2009 | /s/ David W. Brown | |||
David W. Brown | ||||
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
||||
Date: November 12, 2009 | /s/ Carrie E. Carlander | |||
Carrie E. Carlander | ||||
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
||||
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