Lifevantage Corp - Annual Report: 2010 (Form 10-K)
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
þ | ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010
o | TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 000-30489
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Colorado | 90-0224471 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (IRS Employer | |
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.) | |
11545 W. Bernardo Court, Suite 301 | ||
San Diego, California | 92127 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number: (858) 312-8000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of
the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated
filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company þ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act). Yes o No þ
The aggregate market value of the registrants common stock (par value $0.001) held by
non-affiliates as of the end of the registrants second fiscal quarter, December 31, 2009, was
$13,364,857 million. Shares of the registrants common stock held by each current
executive officer and director and by each shareholder who is known by the registrant to own 10% or
more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded from this computation in that such persons
may be deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. Share ownership information of certain persons
known by the registrant to own greater than 10% of the outstanding common stock for purposes of the
preceding calculation is based solely on information on Schedules 13D and 13G, if any, filed with
the Commission. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive
determination for other purposes.
The number of shares of common stock (par value $0.001) outstanding as of August 31, 2010, was
63,742,673 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, to be filed within 120 days after the end of the registrants fiscal year ended June
30, 2010, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, to the
extent stated therein.
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this report and the information incorporated by reference
herein may contain forward-looking statements (as such term is defined in Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended). These statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, reflect our current
expectations, intentions, or strategies regarding our possible future results of operations,
performance, and achievements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation: statements
regarding future products or product development; statements regarding future selling, general and
administrative costs and research and development spending; statements regarding our product
development strategy; statements regarding the future performance of our network marketing sales
channel; and statements regarding future financial performance, results of operations, capital
expenditures and sufficiency of capital resources to fund our operating requirements. These
forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and common law.
These forward-looking statements may be identified in this report and the information
incorporated by reference by words such as anticipate, believe, could, estimate, expect,
intend, plan, predict, project, should and similar terms and expressions, including
references to assumptions and strategies. These statements reflect our current beliefs and are
based on information currently available to us. Accordingly, these statements are subject to
certain risks, uncertainties, and contingencies, which could cause our actual results, performance,
or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such statements.
The following factors are among those that may cause actual results to differ materially from
our forward-looking statements:
| Limited operating history and lack of significant revenues from operations; | ||
| Our ability to successfully expand our operations and manage our future growth; | ||
| Difficulty in managing growth and expansion; | ||
| Dilutive effects of any potential need to raise additional capital; | ||
| The deterioration of global economic conditions and the decline of consumer confidence and spending; | ||
| We reported material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, and if we are unable to improve our internal control over financial reporting, our financial results may not be accurately reported; | ||
| Environmental liabilities stemming from past operations and property ownership; | ||
| Significant dependence upon a single product; | ||
| Competition in the dietary supplement market; | ||
| The potential failure or unintended negative consequences of our network marketing sales channel; | ||
| Our ability to retain independent distributors or to hire new independent distributors on an ongoing basis; | ||
| The potential for government or third party actions against us resulting from independent distributor activities that violate applicable laws or regulations; | ||
| The potential for third party and governmental actions involving our network marketing sales channel; | ||
| Our ability to protect our intellectual property rights and the value of our product; | ||
| Our ability to continue to innovate and provide products that are useful to consumers; | ||
| The effect of current and future government regulations of the network marketing and dietary supplement industries on our business; |
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| The effect of unfavorable publicity on our business; | ||
| The potential for product liability claims against us; | ||
| Our dependence on third party manufacturers to manufacture our product; | ||
| The ability to obtain raw material for our product; | ||
| Our common stock is currently classified as a penny stock; | ||
| Our stock price may experience future volatility; | ||
| The illiquidity of our common stock; | ||
| Substantial sales of shares of our common stock; | ||
| Other factors not specifically described above, including the other risks, uncertainties, and contingencies described under Description of Business, Risk Factors and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation in Items 1 and 7 of this report. | ||
When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the cautionary statements in this report and the documents incorporated by reference. We have no obligation and do not undertake to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report. |
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PART I
ITEM 1 BUSINESS
Overview
Our company was incorporated in Colorado in June 1988 under the name Andraplex
Corporation. We changed our corporate name to Yaak River Resources, Inc. in January 1992, and
subsequently changed it again in October 2004 to Lifeline Therapeutics, Inc., and in November 2006
to LifeVantage Corporation. In October 2004 and March 2005, we acquired all of the outstanding
common stock of Lifeline Nutraceuticals Corporation, our wholly-owned subsidiary through which we
hold the patent rights in Protandim.
LifeVantage Corporation, the LifeVantage Corporation logo, LifeVantage®, and
Protandim® are trademarks of LifeVantage Corporation in the United States and in other selected
countries. All other brand names or trademarks appearing in this report are the property of their
respective holders. Unless otherwise noted, the terms we, our, us, Company and
LifeVantage refer to LifeVantage Corporation.
General
LifeVantage is a dietary supplement company which markets and sells its products through the
network marketing, or multi-level marketing industry and seeks to enhance life through anti-aging
and wellness products while creating business opportunities. We pursue our mission of helping
people reach their health and wellness goals through science-based solutions to oxidative stress
by providing a financially rewarding business opportunity to distributors and quality products to
distributors and customers who seek a healthy lifestyle. We sell our products in the United States,
Japan and Mexico, through a network of independent distributors, preferred customers and direct
customers.
We offer only what we refer to as true products, which are products backed by science in two
principal categories: a dietary supplement that combats oxidative stress, and anti-aging skincare.
Currently, we manufacture, market, distribute and sell two products, our centerpiece product,
Protandim®, a dietary supplement which has been clinically proven to reduce the effects of
oxidative stress as well as the progressive rate of cellular aging; and our LifeVantage
TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream, a scientifically-based, groundbreaking and unique skin care product.
During the year ended June 30, 2009, we began selling our products through the network
marketing or multi-level marketing distribution channel, which we believe is the most effective and
scaleable way to market and sell our products. As part of that change in business model, we added a
team that includes some of the most sought-after and highest-producing independent distributors in
the network marketing industry, which we believe will continue to significantly impact our ability
to grow sales through the network marketing sales channel. Our move into the network marketing
sales channel is responsible for the significant increase in revenue as well as associated expenses
that occurred during the year ended June 30, 2010.
We believe that the network marketing channel is well suited to marketing our products because
sales of nutritional and personal care products are strengthened by ongoing personal contact
between consumers and distributors. This personal contact enhances consumers nutritional and
health education and motivates consumers to begin and maintain wellness programs. Our products are
backed by facts and science which serve as powerful sales tools, and our distributors use our
products themselves.
LifeVantage is focused on building and maintaining our distributor network by offering
financially rewarding and flexible career opportunities through sales of quality, innovative and
efficacious products to health conscious consumers. We believe the income opportunity provided by
our network marketing program appeals to a broad cross-section of people, particularly those
seeking to supplement family income, start a home-based business or pursue entrepreneurial full and
part-time opportunities. Our independent distributors profit from selling our products and can also
earn commissions and bonuses on sales made by other distributors who join their sales
organizations.
We enable distributors to maximize their potential by providing a broad array of motivational,
educational and support services. We motivate our distributors through our performance-based
compensation plan, individual recognition, reward programs and promotions, and participation in
local and national Company-sponsored sales events. We provide professionally designed training
materials that our distributors use to enhance recruitment and maximize their sales. We and/or our
distributor leadership conduct thousands of training sessions each year to educate and motivate our
distributors. These training events teach our distributors how to develop business-building and
leadership skills and how to differentiate our products to consumers. Our corporate-sponsored
training events provide a forum for distributors, who otherwise operate independently, to share
ideas with us and each other. We believe that our efficient and effective distribution, logistics
and customer care support systems assist our distributors by providing same day or next-day sales
capabilities and support services. We may further aid our distributors by generating additional
publicity and demand for our products through traditional marketing and public relations
activities, such as media coverage and endorsements.
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We sell our products in the United States, Japan and Mexico. While sales within our local
markets may fluctuate due to economic, market and regulatory conditions, competitive pressures,
political and social instability or for Company-specific reasons, we believe that geographic
diversity will help to mitigate our financial exposure as we continue to grow and expand into new
markets.
Market
Dietary Supplements Market
According to the Nutritional Business Journal, Direct-to-Consumer Selling in the Nutrition Industry
Report 2010, in 2009, more than $15 billion in U.S. nutrition industry sales were generated from
non-retail channels, including the Internet, network or multi-level marketers (MLMs), healthcare
practitioners, direct response TV, direct response radio, and mail-order catalogs/direct mail.
This report further suggests that each direct sales channel faces its own set of opportunities and
challenges. On the one hand, both healthcare practitioner and network-marketing supplement firms
benefited in 2009 from consumer trends that increased the year-over-year sales of dietary
supplements. Many consumers turned to vitamins and other nutrition products as a cost-effective
method to protect their health. On the other hand, competition from online and brick-and-mortar
retailers both of which engaged in deep discounting last yearand consumers general lack of
disposable income, eroded U.S. supplement sales growth in the MLM channel in 2009.
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Although the network-marketing channel was affected the most, overall nutrition product sales
growth within the U.S. direct-to-consumer channels was suppressed last year. According to NBJ
estimates, U.S. consumer sales of nutrition products via direct channels grew only 4% in 2009. This
was down from the 7% compound annual growth rate posted by the direct channels from 1997-2009. The
majority of U.S. nutrition industry sales continue to be sold at brick-and-mortar retail locations,
but the direct-to-consumer sales channels remain important to the industrys growth and continue to
play an important role in building brand awareness and driving sales for nutrition products.
Source: Nutritional Business Journal, Direct-to-Consumer Selling in the Nutrition Industry Report
2010.
Anticipated Industry Growth
According to a recent report by the Mercanti Group, an investment banking firm that closely
follows the health and wellness industry, the nutritional supplements industry is expected to grow
as a result of a number of factors, including:
| consumers increasingly moving toward alternative solutions for general wellness issues; | ||
| the changing lifestyles of consumers; | ||
| a growing elderly population; | ||
| aging Baby Boomers and their better off financial status; | ||
| the fact that nutritional supplements can complement or be used as an alternative to traditional pharmaceutical treatments; | ||
| recently gained credibility of nutritional supplements as a result of the Food and Drug Administrations (FDAs) insistence on stringent product quality and testing procedures; | ||
| newly implemented federal Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP); | ||
| increasing research by federal agencies; | ||
| a steady stream of innovative new products that target an expanding range of increasingly specific conditions; and | ||
| the increasing growth of the direct sales industry, with specific product growth especially pronounced among products that are not available in retail stores. |
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The Anti-Aging Market
Reports published by Global Industry Analysts, Inc. (GIA), publishers of off-the-shelf
market research, indicate that demand for products in the worldwide anti-aging products market is
increasing as a result of a several factors, including:
| lifestyle changes effected by consumers to increase their chance of longevity; | ||
| changing practices in personal grooming which have resulted in more time and money being directed to external grooming efforts to minimize the visible effects of aging; | ||
| increased demand for skin lotions, toners, wrinkle-removal creams, skin whiteners, luxury topical skin care products, concealers and cover-ups; | ||
| increasing number of younger age anti-aging consumers becoming more proactive about their skin maintenance routine; and, | ||
| the growing acceptance of vitamins and antioxidants as effective anti-aging nutrients. |
The GIA report also states that growing wariness of harsh chemicals is expected to lead to
increased demand for anti-aging products with organic, natural, herbal and botanical extracts as
active ingredients. Anti-aging products which include chamomile, copper, gold, minerals, and amino
acids are expected to make large gains in the marketplace in coming years.
Marketing and Direct Selling Opportunity
We develop and market branded dietary supplement and skin care products that we believe are
well suited for network marketing. Our distributors sell our products by educating consumers about
the benefits and distinguishing characteristics of our products and by offering personalized
customer service. We attempt to attract and motivate high-caliber, independent distributors with
our focus on product innovation, a competitive compensation plan and distributor support programs.
Direct selling through the network marketing sales channel has proven to be an effective
method of marketing our high-quality products because our distributors can personally educate
consumers on the quality and benefits of our products, differentiating them from our competitors
offerings.
We target our products to several growing market segments:
| the Anti-Aging market; | ||
| the Baby Boomer market, interested in anti-aging through cosmetics, dietary supplements, and supplemental business opportunities; and | ||
| the market created by the current economic crisis, those seeking to supplement income or replace lost income. |
We are focused on building and maintaining our distributor network by offering financially
rewarding career opportunities through the sale of unique, category-creating products that are
backed by science, to health conscious consumers concerned about the effects of aging. We believe
the income potential provided by our business opportunity appeals to a broad cross-section of the
population, particularly those seeking part-time and full-time income due to the global economic
crisis and job loss, those seeking home-based business opportunities, and those seeking
entrepreneurial business income.
In the network marketing industry, we believe we are currently at an advantage as distributors
generally view companies which provide newer opportunities as more attractive than companies who
have been in the industry for a longer period of time. In addition,
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we believe we are attractive to distributors because we offer highly consumable products
backed by science, with third-party substantiation and celebrity and scientific endorsement, and
offer distributors the opportunity to be a part of a publicly traded company. We believe that all
of these factors increase the attractiveness of our products and product sales opportunity to our
distributors and consumers.
According
to the
DSA Fact Sheet for 2009 published by the Direct Selling Association, the direct sales market
is a multi-billion dollar market enjoying steady growth in both sales and in the distributor
salesforce. The Direct Selling Association reports that, although sales dropped slightly from
$29.50 billion to $28.33 billion between 2008 and 2009, the five-year trend is up 1.5% annually.
At the same time, the distributor salesforce increased from 15.1 million people to 16.1 people with
the 5-year trend up 3.5% annually. Our strategy for expanding our distributor network is to
attract established distributors to our products while maintaining our appeal to industry newcomers
who bring their own credibility and energy.
We believe our commitment to developing and manufacturing science-based products will enhance
our ability to attract new consumers and new distributors, to retain distributors, and will help to
increase sales.
Background
Oxidative Stress
Oxidative stress refers to the cellular and tissue damage caused by chemically reactive oxygen
radicals formed as a natural consequence of cellular metabolism and results from utilizing oxygen to generate energy. A small percentage of the oxygen we utilize
generates toxic oxygen free radicals that damage the cells and tissues of the human body and
consequently negatively impact our general health. These reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free
radicals can be elevated under a wide variety of conditions, including radiation, UV light,
smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions such as neurodegenerative
diseases and diabetes, and advancing age.
Elevated ROS levels inflict structural damage to nucleic acid, lipid, carbohydrate and protein
components of cells, thereby directly contributing to or exacerbating tissue dysfunction, disease,
and age-related debilitation. Normally, cellular antioxidant enzymes serve to inactivate ROS and
maintain their levels at those compatible with normal cell function. Important among these enzymes
are superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). However, the levels of these protective
antioxidant enzymes decrease with age and also decrease in a number of disease conditions, while
ROS levels may increase.
SOD is the bodys most effective natural antioxidant. SOD works in conjunction with CAT, and
under some circumstances, the balance may be important. A by-product of SODs potent antioxidant
activity is hydrogen peroxide, a dangerous substance that subsequently needs to be converted into
water and oxygen by CAT. Together, these two enzymes constitute the first line of defense for the
body. Scientists have long believed that increasing levels of SOD and CAT is an important means of
fighting oxidative stress,
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disease, and the effects of aging; however, SOD and CAT oral supplements by
themselves have not been shown either to be absorbed or work in conjunction with each other by oral administration.
Oxidative stress is the result of the metabolic
process and may promote the undesirable effects of aging. As the body
ages, oxidative stress levels increase significantly, as the body is
unable to
maintain equilibrium relative to the free radicals produced through the metabolic process.
Oxidative stress is widely believed to be a
key factor in the aging process by triggering premature cell death. The bodys defenses against oxidative stress and free radicals
decrease with age. Oxidative stress has also been linked as a
causative or associated factor in over 100 diseases, while lowering
oxidative stress levels is known to improve health.
Product Overview
Protandim®
The Protandim product is a patented dietary
supplement that has been shown in a clinical trial to reduce the
age-dependent increase in markers of oxidative stress, and has also been shown to
provide substantial benefits to combat the variety of negative health effects caused by oxidative stress.
The
Protandim supplement combats oxidative stress by
increasing the bodys natural antioxidant protection at the genetic level, inducing the production of naturally occurring protective
antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, and glutathione synthase. The unique blend of phytonutrients in the Protandim product signals
the bodys genes to produce antioxidant enzymes. These enzymes are catalytic, which means that enzymes such as SOD and CAT are not
consumed when they neutralize free radicals.
Protandim has also been associated with Nrf2
activation in animal and cell models. Nrf2 is a protein messenger that sends information to the cells DNA,
which, in the human body, consists of approximately 25,000
genes. Several hundred of these genes, collectively known as
survival genes, are activated by the Protandim product.
These gene products enable cells to survive in conditions of oxidative
stress, caused by due to the imbalance of free radicals and other oxidants.
Nrf2 also affects approximately one hundred
additional genes by decreasing their production. Included in these down-regulated genes are pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes.
Inflammation accompanies many diseases including arthritis, but inflammation also occurs with traumatic injuries, such as cuts, sprains or
bruises. The process of inflammation is designed, in part, to prevent infection by killing foreign microorganisms by creating toxic free
radicals. Thus the pain, redness and swelling associated with a
disease or injury are largely due to inflammation as the body responds
to the threat of infection. With many diseases or traumatic injuries, inflammation is followed by scar tissue formation, referred to as
fibrosis.
In September 2009, we announced that we had been
granted a third patent for the Protandim product. The patent, Methods for Enhancing Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Reducing
C-Reactive Protein Levels, was issued on August 25, 2009. This patent (U.S. Patent No. 7,579,026) claims a method for increasing
antioxidant enzyme activity using compositions, such as Protandim, by reducing plaque formation in the vasculature of a subject,
thereby reducing excessive atherosclerosis or hypertension.
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The newest Protandim patent supplements the coverage of rights previously obtained, which
included exclusive rights to the Protandim composition and methods of manufacture of the Protandim
product and further separates Protandim from other dietary supplements. Additionally, the claims of
the patent are written broadly, and include additional ingredients that may also work but were not
selected for use in the Protandim supplement. Thus, we believe the patent protects the original
formula as well as other formulas we could create to develop a Protandim product line extension.
Clinical Studies
A peer-reviewed human clinical study that we conducted in 2004 and 2005 showed that after
the Protandim supplement was taken for 30 consecutive days, the level of circulating TBARS, the
laboratory markers for oxidative stress in the human body, decreased by an average of 40 percent.,
to levels typical to a 20 year old. When taken for 120
consecutive days, the Protandim supplement
increased the activity of SOD and CAT antioxidant enzymes by up to 54 percent, substantially
increasing the bodys antioxidant defenses. This study was published in the journal Free Radical
Biology and Medicine, vol. 40, pp. 341-7 (2006).
Published and Independent Preclinical Studies
Since the initial clinical studies completed in 2004 and 2005,
Protandim has been, or currently is, the subject of more than 20 studies being conducted at academic medical centers. Five
of the pre-clinical studies have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, including: a
Company-funded study exploring the mechanism of action of the Protandim supplement;
an animal study
using mice to examine the tumor prevention capabilities of Protandim conducted at Louisiana State
University; an animal study exploring pulmonary hypertension and subsequent right heart failure
conducted at Virginia Commonwealth University; an animal study examining the effects of Protandim
in mice with induced Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, and at the University of Colorado; and, the most recent study conducted at
Louisiana State University probing Protandims ability to modulate the relationship between
superoxide dismutase and tumor suppressor p53.
One possible mechanism of action for the Protandim supplement was discovered to be activation
of the transcription factor Nrf2 in a Company-funded study published in February 2009. This study
also demonstrated synergy among the Protandim supplements five active ingredients which would
enable them to be effective while being administered at lower concentrations of each. This
peer-reviewed study was published in Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 46, pp. 430-40 (2009).
The study completed at Louisiana State University (LSU) and sponsored by the Skin Cancer
Foundation was published in the journal PloS ONE, an international, peer-reviewed, open access
journal published by the Public Library of Science. This study, entitled Protandim, a
Fundamentally New Antioxidant Approach in Chemoprevention Using Mouse Two-Stage Skin Carcinogenesis
as a Model, investigated whether Protandim could suppress tumor formation in mice through a
dietary approach. At the end of a two-stage skin carcinogenesis, the mice on the
Protandim-containing basal diet showed a reduction in both skin tumor incidence and multiplicity by
33% and 57% respectively, compared to those on a basal diet.
The Virginia Commonwealth University study was published in Circulation, a journal published
by the American Heart Association. This study, entitled Chronic Pulmonary Artery Pressure
Elevation Is Insufficient to Explain Right Heart Failure, investigated the ability of Protandim to
protect the heart in a laboratory model of pulmonary hypertension in rats. The researchers
concluded that Protandim prevented the death of heart cells in rats and significantly lowered
osteopontin (OPN-1) levels by more than 50%, and that Protandim effectively activated the
transcription factor Nrf2, a signal to the cells DNA to increase expression of a network of
antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic genes.
The study, The Dietary Supplement Protandim Decreases Plasma Osteopontin and Improves
Markers of Oxidative Stress in Muscular Dystrophy Mdx Mice, was published in the Journal of Dietary
Supplements and concluded that Protandim caused a decrease in the bodys production of harmful gene
products such as osteopontin. This study also found that Protandim caused an increase in
production of the bodys Nrf2-regulated protective genes, sometimes referred to as survival
genes. It also concluded that Protandim improves markers of fibrosis in a model of Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). The study was performed by Dr. Brian Tseng and his colleagues at
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the University of Colorado Denver.
The most recent study, titled The Chemopreventive Effects of Protandim: Modulation of p53
Mitochondrial Translocation and Apoptosis during Skin Carcinogenesis, was conducted by researchers
at Louisiana State University and published in the scientific journal PloS ONE. This study further
investigated Protandims ability to increase production of the bodys Nrf2-regulated protective
genes, sometime referred to as survival genes. This study examined the biochemical mechanisms that
underlie the ability of Protandim to suppress tumors in mice.
LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream
In June 2009, we launched our LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream, a
scientifically-based, groundbreaking and unique skin care product which includes natural and effective
ingredients. This new, proprietary skin care formula was developed in association
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with Kimberly Stone, M.D., a Denver-based board certified dermatologist, and was formulated to
protect the skin from a variety of factors that contribute to aging and the symptoms of unhealthy
skin.
The LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream contains
a number of ingredients including those found in the Protandim supplement, and it has been formulated with the intention to improve skin tone and even skin
coloring, diminish the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and provide a vibrant, healthy and
glowing appearance. LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream is also designed to improve skin
smoothness and pigmentation, while increasing skin moisture.
The LifeVantage TrueScience proprietary skin care formula offers:
| Hydration/Moisturizing: LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream features a Lamellar Phase Emulsion System that forms a liquid emulsion barrier for superior moisturizing. This is accomplished by delivering exotic fatty acids to retain the bodys natural moisture and produce a moisturizing effect. It also features sodium hyaluronate, a superior moisture-binding agent that can balance moisture levels at the surface of the skin. | ||
| Toning/Brightening: The turmeric extract in LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream is specially modified to remove the majority of yellow compounds without reducing the effectiveness of its potent curcuminoids. Curcuminoids have been shown to produce skin lightening that evens dispigmentation. Additionally, the leucojum aestivum bulb extract slows the spread of melanocytes, which contributes to uneven skin coloring. | ||
| Wrinkles/Fine Lines: The palm peptides and leucojum aestivum bulb extract in LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream have been shown to visibly reduce signs of wrinkles and fine lines. They also promote improved skin tone and texture. | ||
| Lipid Rejuvenation: LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream delivers multiple ingredients intended to mimic the naturally occurring lipid structure in the skin and retain the bodys own moisturizing lipids. |
Our Business Strategy
Network Marketing Model
The foundation of our distribution system and sales philosophy is network marketing, which we
believe is the most effective and scaleable way to sell our products. We sell our products in the
United States, Japan and Mexico through a network of independent distributors, preferred
customers and direct customers.
In addition to helping our distributors achieve physical health and wellness through use of
our products, we offer our distributors, who are independent contractors, attractive income
opportunities. Distributors may earn income on their own sales and can also earn commissions and
bonuses on sales made by the distributors in their sales organizations. We believe that our
products are particularly well-suited to the network marketing distribution channel because of
their strong scientific backing. Additionally, sales of dietary supplements have historically been
very strong in this channel through ongoing personal contact and coaching between consumers and
distributors.
We believe that this business model will enable us to grow our business with only moderate
investment in our infrastructure and other fixed costs. In addition, our distributors coordinate a
large share of distributor recruiting and training initiatives. Furthermore, based on increasing
demand, we can readily increase production and distribution of our products as a result of our
third party manufacturing relationships.
We develop and market branded dietary supplement and skin care products that we believe are
well suited for network marketing. We attract and motivate high-caliber, independent distributors because
of our focus on product innovation, a competitive compensation plan and our distributor support
programs. Direct selling through the network marketing sales channel has proven to be an effective
method of marketing our high-quality products because our distributors can personally educate
consumers on the quality and benefits of our products, differentiating them from our competitors
offerings.
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As we work to grow our business, we are focused on the following key strategies:
| offering compelling and innovative products backed by science; | ||
| offering rewarding and motivating distributor incentives, training, events, and loyalty / recognition programs; | ||
| continuing to support clinical studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our products; and | ||
| combining traditional public relations and marketing strategies with the viral marketing power of network marketing. |
Distributor Network
To become a distributor in most markets, a person must be enrolled by an existing distributor
and may purchase a business pack. The product and literature contents in the kits vary commensurate
with the size and cost of each kit. Our plan does not require the purchase of product to join, only
to participate in the compensation plan.
Active distributors under our compensation plan are defined as those distributors who have
purchased products for resale or personal consumption during the previous six months and have
enrolled at least one other distributor. In addition, we have implemented a preferred customer
program which allows customers to purchase products directly from us, on a recurring monthly
product subscription basis. We include preferred customers who have purchased products during the
previous six months in our active distributor numbers.
We rely on our distributors to recruit and sponsor new distributors of our products. While we
provide Internet support, product samples, brochures, magazines, and other sales and marketing
materials, distributors are primarily responsible for recruiting and educating new distributors
with respect to products, our compensation plan, and how to build a successful distributorship.
The sponsoring of new distributors creates multiple levels in a network marketing structure.
Individuals that a distributor sponsors are referred to as downline or sponsored distributors.
If downline distributors also sponsor new distributors, they create additional levels in the
structure, but their downline distributors remain in the same downline network as their original
sponsoring distributor.
Sponsoring activities are not required of distributors and we do not pay any commissions for
sponsoring new distributors, unless the new distributors purchase products. However, because of the
financial incentives provided to those who succeed in building and mentoring a distributor network
that resells and consumes products, many of our distributors attempt, with varying degrees of
effort and success, to sponsor additional distributors. People often become distributors after
using our products as regular customers. Once a person becomes a distributor, he or she is able to
purchase products directly from us at wholesale prices. The distributor is also entitled to sponsor
other distributors in order to build a network of distributors and product users. A new distributor
must enter into our standard distributor agreement, which among other things, obligates the
distributor to abide by our policies and procedures.
Distributor Earnings
Distributor earnings are derived from several sources. First, distributors may earn profits by
purchasing our products at wholesale prices, and selling the products to retail customers. Second,
distributors who sponsor other distributors and establish their own sales organizations may earn
commissions on the product purchased by distributors and customers within their own organization.
Each distributors success is dependent on two primary factors: 1) the time, effort and commitment
a distributor puts into his or her LifeVantage business and 2) the product sales made by a
distributor and his or her sales organization.
Distributor Motivation and Training
We believe that motivation and training are essential elements in distributor success and that
we and our distributor supervisors have established a consistent schedule of events to support
these needs. We are also committed to providing professionally-designed training materials
distributors can utilize in their sales and recruiting efforts. During the past year, we and our
distributors have conducted thousands of training sessions to educate and motivate our
distributors, and plan to continue to do so. These training events not only teach our distributors
leadership skills and how to build successful organizations utilizing industry-proven techniques,
but also how to teach the science behind our products to differentiate our products to consumers.
In addition, we sponsor our corporate broadcast network TrueTV, which delivers educational,
motivational, and inspirational content from our executive officers, Scientific Advisory Board,
celebrities, and field leaders.
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We believe our commitment to developing and manufacturing science-based products will enhance
our ability to attract new consumers and new distributors, to continue to retain distributors, and
will help to increase our market share.
Competitive Advantages
We believe that we are competitive within the network marketing industry as a result of
several key factors, including:
| our ability to offer our distributors a compelling business opportunity to market and sell highly consumable products backed by science; | ||
| our experienced executive and network distribution team, comprised of some of the most sought after and high-producing independent distributors in the industry; | ||
| providing a broad array of motivational, educational, and support services; | ||
| third-party substantiation and celebrity and scientific endorsement for our company and products; and | ||
| our ability to motivate our distributors through a performance-based compensation plan, individual recognition, reward programs and incentives, and participation in local and national corporate events. |
We enable distributors to succeed by providing a broad array of motivational, educational, and
support services, including ongoing efforts to secure independent coverage of our science and
products. We have received coverage from, among others, ABC Primetime, NBC Today, PBS Healing
Quest, September 2009 Delicious Living magazine, and the September/October 2009 issue of AARP
Magazine.
Product Portfolio
We believe that we offer our distributors a compelling business opportunity to market and sell
highly consumable products backed by facts and science. We are committed to building distributor,
customer and brand loyalty by providing targeted products for the nutrition and health and wellness
industry.
Compensation Plan
One of our competitive advantages is our sales compensation plan. Our distributors can profit
from selling our products and can also earn royalties and bonuses on sales made by other
distributors who join their sales organizations. Under our compensation plan, a distributor is paid
monthly commissions in the distributors home country, in local currency, for the distributors own
product sales and for product sales in that distributors downline distributor network across all
geographic markets.
We believe the income potential provided by our business opportunity appeals to a broad
cross-section of the population, particularly those seeking part-time and full-time income due to
the global economic crisis and job loss, those seeking home-based business opportunities, and those
seeking entrepreneurial business income.
In July 2009, our Board of Directors approved a Distributor Stock Option Pool totaling 300,000
shares of Common Stock under our 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan, out of which stock option grants
may be granted to distributors as incentives for achieving top distributor levels within our
distributor compensation plan. This has been greeted with great enthusiasm by our distributors and
has been an effective retention tool.
We believe that these programs, along with an increased level of distributor recognition, goal
setting and accountability, will continue to motivate our distributors to drive revenue growth.
Distributor Regulation
We monitor regulations and distributor activity in each market to ensure our independent
distributors comply with federal, state and local laws. Our published independent distributor
policies and procedures establish the rules that distributors must follow. We require our
independent distributors to present products and business opportunities ethically and
professionally. Independent distributors further agree that their presentations to customers must
be consistent with, and limited to, the product claims and representations made in our literature.
Independent distributors must represent to us that their receipt of commissions is based on
retail sales and substantial personal sales efforts. We must produce or pre-approve all sales aids
used by distributors such as brochures and online materials. Products may
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be promoted only by personal contact or by collateral materials produced or approved by us.
Independent distributors may not use our trademarks or other intellectual property without our
consent.
We systematically review reports of alleged independent distributor misbehavior. If we
determine one of our independent distributors has violated any of our policies or procedures, we
may terminate the distributors rights completely. Alternatively, we may impose sanctions, such as
warnings, probation, withdrawal or denial of an award, suspension of privileges of a
distributorship, fines and/or withholding of commissions until specified conditions are satisfied,
or other appropriate injunctive relief.
Manufacturing
We outsource the primary manufacturing, fulfillment, and shipping components of our business
to companies we believe possess a high degree of expertise. Outsourcing allows us to avoid the
relatively high fixed costs of building our own infrastructure to accomplish these same tasks,
while gaining access to advanced manufacturing process capabilities and expertise. Outsourcing also
allows us to minimize our commitment of resources to human capital required to manage these
operational components successfully. Finally, outsourcing provides us with access to additional
inventory without significant advance notice and often at an incremental price lower than the unit
prices for the base service.
In July 2008, we entered into a contract manufacturing agreement with Cornerstone Research &
Development, Inc. (Cornerstone) under which Cornerstone
manufactures and packages the Protandim
supplement.
Cornerstone, as the contract manufacturer of Protandim, has a legal obligation to comply with the
Current Good Manufacturing Practices regulations that are applicable to those who manufacture,
package, label and hold dietary supplements. Additionally,
we are subject to regulations that, among other things, obligate us
to know what and how manufacturing activities are performed so that we
can make decisions related to whether the packaged and labeled
product conforms to our established
specifications and whether to approve and release product for distribution.
We maintain and qualify other manufacturing options in order to keep our
costs low, maintain the quality of our products, and to be prepared for unanticipated demand spikes
or manufacturing failure. Cornerstone delivers product to our fulfillment center based on our
purchase orders.
We outsourced the manufacturing of LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream to Wasatch
Product Development, LLC, (Wasatch). Wasatchs core competency is sourcing and manufacturing
cosmetics for both U.S. and international customers.
Marketing
In fiscal 2009, we launched our network marketing sales channel. We have a sales, marketing,
public relations and customer service group consisting of 13 full-time equivalent employees. We
utilize our network of independent distributors located throughout the United States and in Mexico
and Japan to market and sell our products.
Sales of our Products
We accept orders for our products through independent distributor websites (Virtual Offices)
that we provide to our independent distributors as part of our network marketing program. We also
accept orders for our products through our website at www.lifevantage.com. Orders placed through
Virtual Offices and through our website are forwarded daily to our contract fulfillment center
where orders are processed and shipped to the consumer.
We offer a toll-free number to our distributors and other customers to order product or ask
questions. Our customer service representatives answer customer calls and place orders in the
Companys web order processing system, as well as answer questions, track packages, and provide
refunds to customers. The customer service representatives receive extensive training and are
particularly knowledgeable about our products and adept at up-selling customers to our auto-ship
purchasing option, which allows us to realize recurring revenue on a monthly basis with no further
action required by the customer. We use InfoTrax Systems DataTrax software for orders through
Virtual Offices and tracking independent distributor commissions. DataTrax is widely-used by
network marketing and direct selling companies and incorporates order entry, inventory shipment,
distributor management and commission generation. The DataTrax software accepts and authorizes
credit card submissions for independent distributor orders placed through our website as well as
Virtual Offices. On a daily basis, the DataTrax software charges credit cards and notifies the
fulfillment center of sales shipping needs through a web-enabled application. The operational
system at the fulfillment center responds back to DataTrax when the product has been shipped and we
can recognize revenue. Independent distributors generally pay for products by credit card, prior to
shipment, and we typically carry minimal accounts receivable.
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Research and Development
We continue to spend time, effort, and financial resources on the research and development of
our products. In fiscal years ended 2010 and 2009, we spent $392,691 and $224,366, respectively,
on Company-sponsored research and development.
The Protandim product is currently the subject of approximately 20 independent scientific
studies at various universities and research facilities. The nature and stages of the studies vary,
as some are still in planning stages, while other studies are currently in progress. Universities
and institutions conducting research include the University of Colorado; Colorado State University;
Denver Health Medical Center; Childrens Hospital, Denver; the University of Florida; the
University of Kentucky; the University of Michigan; Louisiana State University; Ohio State
University; Vanderbilt University; Glamorgan University, Wales; Sahlgrenska University Hospital,
Sweden; Harvard University; and the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City. The various
studies deal with the alleviation of oxidative stress under the following conditions: altitude
sickness, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, lung antioxidant status in withdrawing alcoholics,
autonomic physiology and aging, skin cancer, photoaging of the skin, osteoarthritis,
HIV/AIDS-associated lipodystrophy, pulmonary hypertension, periodontal disease, heart disease,
coronary artery bypass graft failure, asthma, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, metabolic syndrome, and
optic neuropathy.
Competition
Direct Antioxidants
Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Coenzyme Q-10, and other sources of exogenous antioxidants are
competitors of the Protandim supplement. However, they are non-enzymatic oxygen radical scavengers and
do not increase the bodys enzymatic elimination of oxidants.
Our research indicates that the Protandim
supplement increases production of natural antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and CAT, within the
cells of the body. Oxygen is consumed by mitochondria in the body, which is where oxidative stress
is at its worst. We believe that the bodys internal antioxidant enzymes, produced at homeostatic
levels, provide a better defense against oxidative stress than exogenous sources of antioxidants.
Oral SOD and CAT
There are many companies performing research into antioxidants, and these companies are
intensely competitive. There are some companies that sell oral forms of SOD and CAT, which make
claims that compete with the Protandim supplement. However, due to research which indicates the lack
of bioavailability and efficacy of such oral delivery, we believe the Protandim supplement to be
superior. It is highly likely that one or more additional entities will develop, purchase or
license from a third party, products which may be competitive with the Protandim supplement.
Network Marketing Companies
We compete with other network marketing companies, many of which have a longer operating
history and greater visibility, name recognition and financial resources than we do. We compete for
new independent distributors on the strength of our business opportunities, product offerings,
compensation plan, management, and our operations. In order to successfully compete in the network
marketing industry and attract and retain independent distributors, we must maintain the
attractiveness of our business opportunities to our distributors.
Product Liability and Other Insurance
We have product liability insurance coverage for the Protandim product that we believe is
adequate for our needs. We have also obtained commercial property and liability coverage, as well
as directors and officers liability insurance.
Intellectual Property
The Protandim product is a proprietary, patented dietary supplement formulation for enhancing
antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT. The patents and patent applications protecting this
formulation are held by our wholly-owned subsidiary, Lifeline Nutraceuticals Corporation.
We use commercially reasonable efforts to protect our intellectual property and license rights
through patent protection, trade secrets, and contractual protections, and intend to continue to
develop a strong brand identity in the Protandim® trademark.
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Our intellectual property is covered, in part, by three U.S. patents issued on July 10, 2007,
June 10, 2008 and August 25, 2009. An additional U.S. Utility Patent application is pending in the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and additional filings are anticipated. Corresponding applications
directed to the Protandim formulation are pending in Australia, Canada, China, Europe, India and
Japan. Our patents and patent applications claim the benefit of priority of seven U.S. provisional
patent applications, the earliest of which was filed on March 23, 2004, and relate to compositions,
methods, and methods of manufacture of various compositions, including those embodied by the
Protandim product. The expected duration of our patent applications is through March 23, 2025.
Protandim® is a registered trademark in the United States, Canada, China, the European
Community, Japan and Taiwan. We have applied for protection of the Protandim mark in China, and
Mexico.
We have applied for registration of the trademark LifeVantage in Canada and through the World
Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). We have registered the mark LifeVantage® in the United
States and Mexico and through WIPO in Australia, China, Japan and the European Community. We also
have pending applications for the mark LifeVantage TrueScience in the United States, Mexico,
Australia, China, Japan, the European Community, and Switzerland. The LifeVantage TrueScience®
mark is registered in Norway and Singapore.
We do not know with reasonable certainty the timing of the final grant or denial of the
applications for registration of these marks in these countries.
In order to protect the confidentiality of our intellectual property, including trade secrets
and know-how and other proprietary technical and business information, it is our policy to limit
access to such information to those who require access in order to perform their functions and to
enter into agreements with employees, consultants and vendors to contractually protect such
information.
Governmental Regulations
FDA Regulations
The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, and advertising of Protandim and the
Companys personal care line of products are subject to regulation by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA). The Company is not required to obtain FDA pre-market approval to sell
the Protandim supplement.
The Protandim product is marketed as a dietary supplement as defined in the Dietary
Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). DSHEA is intended to promote access to safe,
quality dietary supplements, and information about dietary supplements. In 1994, DSHEA established
a new framework governing the composition and labeling of dietary supplements.
DSHEA permits statements of nutritional support to be included in labeling for dietary
supplements without FDA pre-or-post-marketing approval. Such statements may describe how a
particular dietary ingredient may affect the structure, function, or general well-being of the body
or the mechanism of action by which dietary ingredients affect the foregoing. Such statements may
not state or imply that a dietary supplement is intended to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or
prevent a disease unless such claim has been reviewed and approved by the FDA, as a health claim
or qualified health claim. A company that uses a statement of nutritional support in labeling must
possess evidence substantiating that the statement is truthful and not misleading. The FDA may
assert that a particular statement of nutritional support that a company is using is an illegal
claim; that assertion, normally, is in the form of a Warning Letter to which company may respond.
DSHEA also permits certain scientific literature, for example a reprint of a peer-reviewed
scientific publication, to be used in connection with the sale of a dietary supplement to
consumers without the literature being subject to regulation as labeling. However, such literature
must not be false or misleading, the literature may not promote a particular manufacturer, or brand
of dietary supplement and it must include a balanced view of the available scientific information
on the subject matter, among other requirements.
While we exercise care in our formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, and advertising
of the Protandim supplement, we cannot guarantee that the FDA will never inform the Company that the
FDA believes some violation of law has occurred. Any allegations of our non-compliance may result
in time-consuming and expensive defense of our activities. An enforcement action could include a
warning letter that informs us of alleged violations. Although we would be entitled to take
corrective action in response to any such warning letter, the issuance of a warning letter will be
public information. That information could affect our relationships
with our investors, vendors, and consumers. The FDA could also initiate other types of
enforcement actions, including actions for product seizure, inspection, and/or criminal
prosecution.
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FTC Regulations
Advertising and marketing of our products are also subject to regulation by the Federal Trade
Commission (FTC) under the Federal Trade Commission Act (FTC Act). Section 5 of the FTC Act
prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting
commerce. Section 12 of the FTC Act provides that disseminating any false advertisement pertaining
to drugs or foods, which would include dietary supplements, is an unfair or deceptive act or
practice. Under the FTCs Substantiation Doctrine, an advertiser is required to have competent and
reliable scientific evidence for all express and implied health-related product claims before the
claims are made. Failure to substantiate product claims may be considered deceptive or unfair.
Pursuant to this FTC requirement, we are required to have adequate substantiation for all material
advertising claims made for our products. The FTC routinely reviews advertising and websites to
identify questionable advertising claims and practices, and competitors may inform the FTC when
they believe other competitors are violating the FTC Act. The FTC may decide to initiate an
investigation into a companys advertising practices, which may initially involve non-public
pre-lawsuit discovery. Such an investigation may (i) be very expensive to defend, (ii) be lengthy,
and (iii) result in one or more adverse rulings by a court, administrative law judge, or in a
publicly disclosed consent decree.
Additionally, any telemarketing activities we may engage in must comply with the FTCs
Telemarketing Sales Rule, 16 CFR Part 310, and additional telemarketing and marketing statutes and
regulations of the FTC and of various states. Because these activities, in general, are in the
public eye and because it may be difficult to ensure compliance with these laws and regulations by
the individuals who actually make and receive such calls, there is a risk that we could be the
subject of investigation and other enforcement activities that may be brought by the FTC and state
agencies. We regularly train and educate telemarketing representatives to correctly and
appropriately represent our product.
Network marketing activities are regulated by the FTC, as well as various federal, state and
local governmental agencies in the United States and foreign countries. These laws and regulations
are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often referred to as pyramid
schemes, that compensate participants for recruiting additional participants irrespective of
product sales, use high-pressure recruiting methods and/or do not involve legitimate products. The
laws and regulations often:
| impose cancellation/product return, inventory buy-backs and cooling-off rights for consumers and distributors; | ||
| require us or our distributors to register with governmental agencies; | ||
| impose caps on the amount of commission we can pay; | ||
| impose reporting requirements; and | ||
| impose upon us requirements, such as requiring distributors to maintain levels of retail sales to qualify to receive commissions, to ensure that distributors are being compensated for sales of products and not for recruiting new distributors. |
The laws and regulations governing network marketing are modified from time to time, and, like
other network marketing companies, we may be subject from time to time to government investigations
related to our network marketing activities. This may require us to make changes to our business
model and aspects of our compensation plan.
State Regulations
In addition to U.S. federal regulation, each state has enacted its own food and drug laws. We
may receive requests to supply information regarding our sales or advertising to state regulatory
agencies. We remain subject to the risk that, in one or more of our present or future markets, our
products, sales, and advertising could be found non-compliant with state laws and regulations. If
we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, it could have a material adverse effect on our
business in a particular market or in general. In addition, these laws and regulations could affect
our ability to enter new markets.
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The Bioterrorism Act
In June 2002, Congress enacted the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and
Response Act of 2002 (the Bioterrorism Act). The Bioterrorism Act contained new requirements with
regard to the sale and importation of food products in the United States:
1. | Mandatory registration with the FDA of all food manufacturers. | ||
2. | Prior notice to regulators of inbound food shipments. | ||
3. | Recordkeeping requirements, and grant of access to the FDA of applicable records. | ||
4. | Grant of detention authority to the FDA of food products in certain circumstances. |
Under the record keeping requirements, LifeVantage is considered to be a nontransporter of
Protandim® products and must maintain certain records required of nontransporters. We are in the
process of ensuring that we keep all appropriate records required by the Bioterrorism Act.
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Potential FDA and Other Regulation
We could become subject to additional laws or regulations administered by the FDA, FTC, or by
other federal, state, or local regulatory authorities, to the repeal of laws or regulations that we
consider favorable, such as DSHEA, or to more stringent interpretations of current laws or
regulations. For example, the FDA is currently developing a written guidance for New Dietary Ingredients (NDI)
which will clarify the FDAs interpretation of the new dietary ingredient statute. Increased FDA
enforcement could lead the FDA to challenge dietary supplements already being sold in the United
States and is likely to make the introduction and use of novel (new) dietary ingredients in dietary
supplements more difficult.
The Dietary Supplement and Nonprescription Drug Consumer Protection Act, Public Law 109-462,
became effective on December 22, 2007. The law requires us to report
to the FDA all serious
adverse events and to maintain for six years records of all adverse events, whether or not
serious. An adverse event is defined as any health-related event associated with the use of a dietary supplement
that is adverse. In addition, this law requires the label of each dietary supplement, including Protandim,
to include a domestic address or telephone number by which the
company selling the product may receive a report
of a serious adverse event with such product. The label of Protandim complies with that statutory
provision.
Results of Operations
We commenced sales of Protandim in February 2005. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, we generated revenues of $11,478,460 and $4,141,304, respectively, and
incurred net losses of $11,048,328 and $9,114,634, respectively.
Our expenditures have consisted primarily of marketing expenses, operating expenses, payroll
and professional fees, customer service, research and development and product manufacturing for the
marketing and sale of the Protandim supplement. In the third and fourth quarters of our 2009 fiscal
year, we assumed substantial overhead costs as we entered the network marketing sales channel,
including expenses related to the addition of new personnel, legal and marketing expenses necessary
to launch the sales channel. In addition, legal expenses related to the complaint filed, and since
settled, by Zrii were unanticipated and costly. See Legal Proceedings for more information.
Employees
As of June 30, 2010, we had approximately 33 full time employees, including three officers.
We outsource our manufacturing and distribution operations to minimize the number of our employees.
Available Information
Our principal place of business is at 11545 West Bernardo Court, Suite 301, San Diego, CA
92127. Our telephone number is (858) 312-8000 and our fax number is (858) 312-8001. Our website
address is www.lifevantage.com; however, information found on our website is not
incorporated by reference into this report. Our web site address is included in this report as an
inactive textual reference only.
The reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) by us and by our
officers, directors, and significant shareholders are available for review on the SECs website at
www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy materials that we file with the SEC at the SECs Public
Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information on the
operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
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ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS
Because of the following risks, as well as other risks affecting our financial condition and
operating results, past financial performance should not be considered to be a reliable indicator
of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to anticipate results or
trends in future periods. The risks described below are those we currently believe could materially
affect us. The following risk are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause our
actual results of operations to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking
statements in this report.
Risk Factors Relating to Our Company
We have a limited operating history and lack of sufficient revenues from operations.
We did not generate any significant revenues from the sale of Protandim until the last six
months of fiscal 2005. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, we generated revenues of
$4,141,304 and $11,478,460, respectively. For fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, we incurred a net loss of
$11,048,328 and for our fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, we incurred a
net loss of $9,114,619. We may not be successful in continuing to increase revenues or in achieving or
sustaining profitability.
We may not be successful in expanding our operations.
Our ability to finance future operations will depend on our ability to generate additional
revenues and profits from operations. Management has projected that existing cash on hand will be
sufficient to allow us to continue operations through June 30, 2011. A shortfall from projected
sales levels would likely result in expense reductions, which could have a material adverse effect
on our ability to continue operations at current levels.
If we are able to expand our operations, we may be unable to successfully manage our future growth
Since we initiated our network marketing sales channel in fiscal 2009, our business has grown
significantly. This growth has placed substantial strain on our management, operational, financial
and other resources. If we are able to continue to expand our operations, we may experience
periods of rapid growth, including increased resource requirements. Any such growth could place
increased strain on our management, operational, financial and other resources, and we may need to
train, motivate, and manage employees, as well as attract management, sales, finance and
accounting, international, technical, and other professionals. Any failure to expand these areas
and implement appropriate procedures and controls in an efficient manner and at a pace consistent
with our business objectives could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of
operations.
We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting which, if
not remediated, could cause us to fail to timely and accurately report our financial results or
prevent fraud, or result in restatements of our financial statements. As a consequence,
shareholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting and our stock price could suffer.
In connection with the preparation of our financial statements included in this report, as
well as certain previously issued financial statements, we concluded that there were material
weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as described in Item 9A. Controls and
Procedures. We restated our interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter
ended September 30, 2009, in large part due to these inadequate internal control over financial
reporting. These material weaknesses, or difficulties encountered in implementing new or improved
controls or remediation, could prevent us from accurately reporting our financial results, result
in material misstatements in our financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our reporting
obligations. Failure to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could negatively
affect our business, the price of our common stock and market confidence in our reported financial
information.
Although we have begun implementing processes intended to remediate the material weaknesses we
have identified, no assurances can be given when we will remediate all of the material weaknesses
we identified or that we will be successful. Further, if we do not successfully remediate any known
material weaknesses in a timely manner, we could be subject to sanctions by regulatory authorities
such as the SEC or investor perceptions could be negatively affected, each of which could have an
adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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We may need to raise additional capital.
If cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we
may need to raise additional capital, which may be dilutive to our existing shareholders. The
amount of dilution could be increased by the issuance of securities with dilutive characteristics,
such as anti-dilution clauses or price resets. In addition, if we raise additional funds by issuing
securities, the market price of our common stock may decline. If we are unable to raise additional
capital in a timely manner, we would be forced to liquidate some or all of our assets, or to
curtail, suspend, or cease all or certain of our operations.
In addition, our ability to raise debt financing is limited. The terms of our outstanding
convertible debentures due November 2011 generally prohibit us from incurring any indebtedness for
borrowed money of any kind without the consent of the holders of at least a majority of the
principal amount of the then outstanding debentures.
Economic conditions, including the current financial crisis and declining consumer confidence and
spending, could harm our business.
Global economic conditions have deteriorated significantly over the past several years.
Consumer confidence and spending have declined drastically and the global credit crisis has limited
access to capital for many companies. The economic downturn could adversely impact our business in
the future by causing a decline in demand for our products, particularly if the economic conditions
continue to worsen. In addition, such economic conditions may adversely impact access to capital
for us and our suppliers, may decrease our independent distributors ability to obtain or maintain
credit cards, and may otherwise adversely impact our operations and overall financial condition.
Our failure to comply with certain covenants contained in our convertible debentures due November
2011 could require us to redeem such debentures at a premium.
Our convertible debentures due between November 2011 and February 2012 provide that if (i) our company is a party to any
change of control transaction; (ii) our reporting requirements under the Exchange Act are suspended
or terminated; (iii) we fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement
under Rule 144; or (iv) our common stock is not listed or quoted on a national securities exchange
or the OTC Bulletin Board, the holders of such debentures may elect to have us redeem their
debentures at an amount equal to the sum of 130% of the then outstanding principal amount and 100%
of accrued and unpaid interest.
Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by changes in our business
condition or results of our operations, or other events beyond our control. If we were to breach
any of these covenants and the holders elected to have us redeem their debentures, we may not have
the cash on hand to effect the required redemption and may not be able to raise it, thereby
impairing our ability to operate our business or forcing us to seek bankruptcy protection. Even we
did have the cash on hand, the use of such cash to redeem the debentures would impair our ability
to fund ongoing operations, and if we were able raise additional capital to redeem the debentures,
we may be required to issue securities that would be dilutive to our stockholders.
We could be exposed to certain environmental liabilities due to our past operations and property
ownership.
During the 1990s, we owned mining properties in the Yaak River mining district of Montana. We
never conducted any mining operations or ore processing on these properties, nor have we performed
on-site environmental studies on these properties. The State of Montana Department of Environmental
Quality believed that the properties may contain residues from past mining. We may be liable for
material environmental liabilities associated with these properties.
In addition, until November 2004, we owned land in Lawrence, Colorado. We are not aware of any
environmental liabilities with respect to this land. The party that acquired the land from us
assumed any environmental liability related to the land. Nonetheless, a governmental agency or a
private party could seek to hold us accountable for such environmental liabilities, if any.
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Risk Factors Relating to our Business and Industry
We primarily depend on a single product for our revenue.
Although we have introduced new products, we primarily sell Protandim. We cannot rely on a
broad portfolio of other products to support our operations in the event we experience any
difficulty with the manufacture, marketing, sale, or distribution of Protandim. We may be unable
to sustain or increase the price or sales levels for Protandim.
The dietary supplement market is highly competitive.
The dietary supplements retail market is large and highly competitive and fragmented.
Participants include specialty retailers, supermarkets, drugstores, mass merchants, multi-level
marketing organizations, on-line merchants, mail-order companies, and a variety of other smaller
participants. Many of our competitors have greater financial and other resources available to them
and possess better manufacturing, distribution and marketing capabilities. We believe that the
market is also highly sensitive to the introduction of new products, including various prescription
drugs, which may rapidly capture a significant share of the market. In the United States, we also
compete for sales with heavily advertised national brands manufactured by large pharmaceutical and
food companies, as well as other retailers. In addition, as some products become more mainstream,
we experience increased competition for those products as more participants enter the market. Our
international competitors include large international pharmacy chains, major international
supermarket chains, and other large U.S.-based companies with international operations. We may not
be able to compete effectively and our attempt to do so may result in increased pricing pressure,
which may result in lower margins and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations
and financial condition.
Our network marketing sales channel may not be successful.
In fiscal 2009, we initiated a network marketing sales channel through which independent
distributors enter into agreements with us to sell Protandim® and other products that we may
introduce in the market. Our independent distributors may terminate their services at any time,
and, like most network marketing companies, we have experienced and are likely to continue to
experience turnover among independent distributors. Independent distributors who join our company
to purchase our products for personal consumption or for short-term income goals may only stay with
us for a short time. While we take steps to help train, motivate, and retain independent
distributors, we cannot accurately predict the number or productivity of our independent
distributors. We may change the manner in which we use our networking sales channel or discontinue
it completely if its benefits do not outweigh its expenses and risks.
The loss of key high-level distributors could negatively impact the growth of our network marketing
sales channel.
Our independent distributors, together with their extensive networks of downline distributors,
currently account for substantially all of our sales. We compete with other network marketing
companies to attract and retain productive independent distributors. The loss of a high-level
independent distributor or a group of leading distributors in the independent distributors network
of downline distributors, whether by choice or through disciplinary actions for violations of our
policies and procedures, could negatively impact the growth of our network marketing sales channel.
Independent distributor activities that violate laws could result in governmental actions against
us and could otherwise harm our business.
Our independent distributors are independent contractors. They are not employees and they act
independently of us. The network marketing industry is subject to governmental regulation. We
implement strict policies and procedures to try to ensure that our independent distributors comply
with laws. Any determination by the Federal Trade Commission or other governmental agency that we
or our distributors are not in compliance with laws could potentially harm our business. Even if
governmental actions do not result in rulings or orders against us, they could create negative
publicity that could detrimentally affect our efforts to recruit or motivate independent
distributors and attract customers.
Network marketing is heavily regulated.
Various government agencies throughout the world regulate network marketing practices. These
laws and regulations are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often
referred to as pyramid schemes, which compensate participants
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for recruiting additional participants irrespective of product sales, use high pressure
recruiting methods and/or do not involve legitimate products. Complying with these rules and
regulations can be difficult and requires the devotion of significant resources on our part. We
may not be able to continue business in existing markets or commence operations in new markets
because of these laws.
Our business is subject to strict government regulations.
The processing, formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, and distribution
of our products are subject to federal laws and regulation by one or more federal agencies,
including the FDA, the FTC, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the United States Department of
Agriculture, and the Environmental Protection Agency. These activities are also regulated by
various state, local, and international laws and agencies of the states and localities in which our
products are sold. Government regulations may prevent or delay the introduction, or require the
reformulation, of our products, which could result in lost revenues and increased costs to us. For
instance, the FDA regulates, among other things, the composition, safety, labeling, and marketing
of dietary supplements (including vitamins, minerals, herbs, and other dietary ingredients for
human use). The FDA may not accept the evidence of safety for any new dietary ingredient that we
may wish to market, may determine that a particular dietary supplement or ingredient presents an
unacceptable health risk, and may determine that a particular claim or statement of nutritional
value that we use to support the marketing of a dietary supplement is an impermissible drug claim,
is not substantiated, or is an unauthorized version of a health claim. Any of these actions could
prevent us from marketing particular dietary supplement products or making certain claims or
statements of nutritional support for them. The FDA could also require us to remove a particular
product from the market. Any future recall or removal would result in additional costs to us,
including lost revenues from any additional products that we are required to remove from the
market, any of which could be material. Any product recalls or removals could also lead to
liability, substantial costs, and reduced growth prospects.
Additional or more stringent regulations of dietary supplements and other products have been
considered from time to time. These developments could require reformulation of some products to
meet new standards, recalls or discontinuance of some products not able to be reformulated,
additional record-keeping requirements, increased documentation of the properties of some products,
additional or different labeling, additional scientific substantiation, adverse event reporting, or
other new requirements. Any of these developments could increase our costs significantly. For
example, the Dietary Supplement and Nonprescription Drug Consumer Protection Act (S3546) which was
passed by Congress in December 2006, imposes significant regulatory requirements on dietary
supplements including reporting of serious adverse events to FDA and recordkeeping requirements.
This legislation could raise our costs and negatively impact our business. In June 2007, the FDA
adopted final regulations on GMPs in manufacturing, packaging, or holding dietary ingredients and
dietary supplements, which apply to the products we manufacture and sell. These regulations require
dietary supplements to be prepared, packaged, and held in compliance with certain rules. These
regulations could raise our costs and negatively impact our business. Additionally, our third-party
suppliers or vendors may not be able to comply with these rules without incurring substantial
expenses. If our third-party suppliers or vendors are not able to timely comply with these new
rules, we may experience increased cost or delays in obtaining certain raw materials and
third-party products. Also, the FDA has announced that it plans to publish guidance governing the
notification of new dietary ingredients. Although FDA guidance is not mandatory, it is a strong
indication of the FDAs current views on the topic discussed in the guidance, including its
position on enforcement. Depending on its recommendations, particularly those relating to animal or
human testing, such guidance could also raise our costs and negatively impact our business. We may
not be able to comply with new rules without incurring additional expenses, which could be
significant.
Future laws may hinder or prohibit the production or sale of our existing products and any future
products.
We may be subject to additional laws in the future. See BusinessGovernment Regulations. In
addition, laws with which we currently comply may be amended or interpreted more stringently. New
laws or new interpretations of current laws could require us to reformulate our products to meet
new standards, impose additional ingredient restrictions or impose additional claim restrictions.
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Our intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the
value of our products and brand.
The loss of our intellectual property rights in our products could permit our competitors to
manufacture their own version of our products. We have attempted to protect our intellectual
property rights in our products through a combination of patents, patent applications,
confidentiality agreements, non-compete agreements and other contractual protection mechanisms, and
we will continue to do so. While we intend to defend against any threats to our intellectual
property, there can be no assurance that our patents or other agreements will adequately protect
our intellectual property. In addition, we could be required to expend significant amounts to
defend our rights to proprietary information, and may not be successful in such defense. There can
also be no assurance that pending patent applications owned by us will result in patents being
issued to us, that patents issued to or licensed by us in the past or in the future will not be
challenged or circumvented by competitors or that such patents will be found to be valid or
sufficiently broad to protect our products or to provide us with any competitive advantage. Third
parties could also obtain patents that may require us to negotiate licenses to conduct our
business, and there can be no assurance that the required licenses would be available on reasonable
terms or at all. We also rely on confidentiality and non-compete agreements with [certain
employees, consultants and other parties] to protect, in part, trade secrets and other proprietary
rights. There can be no assurance that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have
adequate remedies for any breach, that others will not independently develop substantially
equivalent proprietary information or that third parties will not otherwise gain access to our
trade secrets or proprietary knowledge.
Other parties might claim that we infringe on their intellectual property rights.
Although the dietary supplement industry has historically been characterized by products with
naturally occurring ingredients, recently it is becoming more common for suppliers and competitors
to apply for patents or develop proprietary technologies and processes. Third parties may assert
intellectual property infringement claims against us despite our efforts to avoid such
infringement. Such claims could prevent us from offering competitive products or result in
litigation or threatened litigation.
Unfavorable publicity could materially hurt our business.
We are highly dependent upon consumers perceptions of the safety, quality, and efficacy of
our products, as well as products distributed by other companies. Future scientific research or
publicity may not be favorable to our industry or any particular product. Because of our dependence
upon consumer perceptions, adverse publicity associated with illness or other adverse effects
resulting from the consumption of our product or any similar products distributed by other
companies could have a material adverse impact on us. Such adverse publicity could arise even if
the adverse effects associated with such products resulted from failure to consume such products as
directed. Adverse publicity could also increase our product liability exposure, result in increased
regulatory scrutiny and lead to the initiation of private lawsuits.
We are subject to the risk of investigatory and enforcement action by the FTC.
We will always be subject to the risk of investigatory and enforcement action by the FTC based
on our advertising claims and marketing practices. The FTC routinely reviews product advertising,
including websites, to identify significant questionable advertising claims and practices. The FTC
has brought many actions against dietary supplement companies based upon allegations that
applicable advertising claims or practices were deceptive or not substantiated. If the FTC
initiates an investigation, the FTC can initiate pre-complaint discovery that may be nonpublic in
nature. Any investigation may be very expensive to defend and may result in an adverse ruling or in
a consent decree.
Challenges by regulatory authorities or private parties to the form of our network marketing system
or other regulatory compliance issues could harm our business.
Both regulatory authorities and private parties, including our independent distributors, may
challenge the form of our network marketing system or elements of our network marketing system.
Adverse rulings in any case filed against a network marketing company, even if it is not against
us, could negatively impact our business if they create adverse publicity, modify current
regulatory requirements in a manner that is inconsistent with our current business practices, or
impose fines or other penalties.
Our business is susceptible to product liability claims.
The manufacture and sale of any product for human consumption raises the risk of product
liability claims. These claims may derive from the product itself or a contaminant found in the
product from the manufacturing, packaging, sales process or even due to
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tampering
by unauthorized third parties. Our products consist of vitamins, minerals, herbs, and other ingredients that are classified
as foods or dietary supplements and are not subject to pre-market regulatory approval in the United
States. Our products could contain contaminated substances, and some of our products contain
ingredients that do not have long histories of human consumption. Previously unknown adverse
reactions resulting from human consumption of these ingredients could occur. In addition,
third-party manufacturers produce many of the products we sell. As a distributor of products
manufactured by third parties, we may also be liable for various product liability claims for
products we do not manufacture. We may be subject to various product liability
claims, including, among others, that our products include inadequate instructions for use or
inadequate warnings concerning possible side effects and interactions with other substances. Any
product liability claim against us could result in increased costs and could adversely affect our
reputation with our customers, which in turn could adversely affect our revenues and operating
income.
Even with the insurance we have obtained, there is a
risk that our insurance will not cover our potential exposure completely or would fail to cover a
particular claim, in which case we may not have the financial resources to satisfy such claim. In
addition, certain types of damages, such as punitive damages, are not covered by our insurance
policy.
We are dependent upon third parties to manufacture our product.
We currently only use one manufacturer for each of our products. We are dependent on the
uninterrupted and efficient operation of these manufacturers facilities. If any of our current
manufacturers are unable to fulfill our manufacturing requirements or seek to impose unfavorable
terms, we will have to seek out other manufacturers, which could disrupt our operations and we may
not be successful in finding alternative manufacturing resources. In addition, competitors who
perform their own manufacturing may have an advantage over us with respect to pricing, availability
of product, and in other areas through their control of the manufacturing process.
Raw material for our product may be difficult to obtain or expensive.
Raw materials account for a significant portion of our manufacturing costs. Suppliers may be
unable or unwilling to provide the raw materials our manufacturers need in the quantities
requested, at a price we are willing to pay, or that meet our quality standards. We are also
subject to potential delays in the delivery of raw materials caused by events beyond our control,
including labor disputes, transportation interruptions and changes in government regulations. Any
significant delay in or disruption of the supply of raw materials could, among other things,
substantially increase the cost of such materials, require reformulation or repackaging of
products, require the qualification of new suppliers, or result in our inability to meet customer
demands.
Product returns may adversely affect our business.
Returns are part of our business. We offer a 30-day, money back unconditional guarantee to all
customers. Our return rate since the inception of selling activities is 1% to 4% of sales. We
replace returned product damaged during shipment wholly at our cost, which historically has been
negligible. Future return rates or costs associated with returns may increase. In addition, to
date, product expiration dates have not played any role in product returns; however, it is possible
they will increase in the future.
The loss of key personnel could negatively impact our business.
Future performance will depend upon our ability to attract, retain, and motivate our executive
and senior management team, as well as, scientific staff. Our success depends to a significant
extent both upon the continued services of our current executive and senior management team and
scientific staff, as well as our ability to attract, hire, motivate, and retain additional
qualified management and scientific staff in the future. In addition, competition for executive and
senior staff in the dietary supplement market is intense, and our operations could be adversely
affected if we cannot attract and retain qualified personnel.
All of our employees
are at will employees, which means that any employee may
quit at any time and we may terminate any employee at any time. We do not carry key person
insurance covering members of senior management or scientific staff.
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Economic, political, and other risks associated with our international operations could adversely
affect our revenues and international growth prospects.
In fiscal year 2010 we launched international operations in Mexico and Japan. During such year
we derived less than 10% of our revenues from our international operations. As part of our business
strategy, we intend to expand our international presence. Our international operations are subject
to a number of risks inherent to operating in foreign countries, and any expansion of our
international operations will increase the effects of these risks. These risks include, among
others:
| political and economic instability of foreign markets; | ||
| foreign governments restrictive trade policies; | ||
| inconsistent product regulation or sudden policy changes by foreign agencies or governments; | ||
| the imposition of, or increase in, duties, taxes, government royalties, or non-tariff trade barriers; | ||
| difficulty in collecting international accounts receivable and potentially longer payment cycles; | ||
| increased costs in maintaining international marketing efforts; | ||
| problems entering international markets with different cultural bases and consumer preferences; and | ||
| fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. |
Any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our international operations and
our growth strategy.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
Our common stock is currently classified as penny stock.
Purchase and sale transactions involving penny stocks are subject to additional requirements.
Under Rule 15g-9 promulgated under the Exchange Act, broker-dealers who sell or effect the purchase
of penny stock to persons other than established customers or in certain exempted transactions,
must make a special written disclosure to, and suitability determination for, the purchaser and
receive the purchasers written agreement to a transaction prior to sale. The regulations on penny
stocks limit the ability of broker-dealers to sell our common stock and thus may limit the ability
of our shareholders to sell their shares of our common stock.
If we need additional financing in the future and are required to issue securities that are priced
at less than the conversion price of our convertible debentures or the exercise price of warrants,
it will result in additional dilution.
All of the debentures and warrants we have outstanding contain provisions that will require us
to reduce, respectively, the conversion price and exercise price thereof if we issue additional
securities while such debentures and warrants are outstanding which contain purchase prices,
conversion prices or exercise prices less than the conversion price of the debentures or the
exercise price of the warrants currently outstanding. If this were to occur, our stockholders
would sustain material dilution in their ownership interest.
If the holders of our outstanding convertible debentures, warrants and options convert and exercise
their securities into common stock, we will issue up to 74,967,425 shares, which will materially dilute
the voting power of our currently outstanding common stock and could cause our stock price to
decline.
As of June 30, 2010, we had 61,494,849 shares of common stock outstanding.
In
addition, we may elect to pay all principal and accrued interest on our convertible debentures that
mature on September 26, 2010 and October 31, 2010 in shares of common stock. If we were to pay all
such principal in shares of common stock we would issue an aggregate of 4,625,000 shares.
We also have
outstanding convertible debentures that convert into an additional
aggregate of 23,226,400 shares of common
stock (assuming conversion at the current conversion price and assuming payment of all accrued
interest in cash), warrants that are exercisable for an aggregate of 38,580,294 shares of common
stock and stock options outstanding for an aggregate of 8,535,731 shares of common stock. The
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issuance of these shares will dilute the voting power of our currently outstanding common
stock and could cause our stock price to decline.
The market price of our securities could be adversely affected by sales of restricted securities.
Actual sales or the prospect of future sales of shares of our common stock under Rule 144 may
have a depressive effect upon the price of, and market for, our common stock. In addition, the
shares of common stock we may issue upon conversion of debentures or the cashless exercise of
warrants described above may also be sold in compliance with Rule 144. We cannot predict what
effect, if any, that sales of shares of common stock, or the availability of these shares for sale,
will have on the market prices prevailing from time to time. Historically, the trading volume of
our common stock has been low and the market may not be able to absorb the sale of a substantial
number of shares. In addition, the possibility that substantial amounts of common stock may be sold
in the public market may adversely affect prevailing prices for our common stock and could impair
our ability to raise capital in the future through the sale of equity securities.
Our stock price may experience future volatility.
The trading price of our common stock has historically been subject to wide fluctuations. The
price of our common stock may fluctuate in the future in response to quarter-to-quarter variations
in operating results, material announcements by us or competitors, governmental regulatory action,
conditions in the dietary supplement industry, or other events or factors, many of which are beyond
our control, and some of which do not have a strong correlation to our operating performance.
Our common stock has historically been illiquid.
The average daily trading volume of our common stock on the over-the-counter market was
approximately 125,000 shares per day over the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010. If limited trading
in our stock continues, it may be difficult for investors to sell their shares in the public market
at any given time at prevailing prices.
Substantial sales of shares may impact the market price of our common stock.
If our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock, the market price of our
common stock may decline. These sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity or
equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we consider appropriate.
We have never paid dividends on our capital stock, and we do not anticipate paying any cash
dividends in the foreseeable future.
We have paid no cash dividends on any of our classes of capital stock to date. In addition,
we are currently restricted from paying any dividends on our common stock under the terms of our
outstanding convertible debentures due November 2011. Even absent such restriction, we currently
intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business.
In addition, the terms of any future debt or credit facility, if any, may preclude us from paying
dividends. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be your sole source
of gain for the foreseeable future.
ITEM 1B UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2 PROPERTIES
Corporate Offices
The lease for our corporate headquarters in South Jordan, Utah is a thirty nine (39) month
sublease for approximately 9,600 rentable square feet of office space. The lease term began in
February 2009.
Our San Diego office is approximately 3,200 square feet of office space which we lease under a
5-year lease that began in November 2008.
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In addition, in June 2009 we entered into a recurring three (3) month lease agreement for
office space in Mexico City, Mexico for approximately 150 square feet.
Warehouse Facilities
In September 2009 we entered into an arrangement with Integracore Fulfillment in Salt Lake
City, Utah for assembling distributor kits and fulfillment related to our network marketing sales
channel. There is no long term agreement related to this arrangement.
ITEM 3 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On February 27, 2009, Zrii, LLC filed a complaint against the Company and two former Zrii
independent contractors in the United States District Court for the Southern District of
California. This lawsuit was completely and permanently settled on December 18, 2009. On that day,
the Company and Zrii executed a Settlement Agreement which, among other things, (1) released all
claims that each party, including their respective associated individuals, had against one another,
(2) provided for the dismissal with prejudice of the lawsuit and (3) called for the payment of
$400,000 by the Company to Zrii. That payment was timely made on December 18, 2009. The Stipulation
of Dismissal of the lawsuit was filed with the Court on December 18, 2009. The Order of Dismissal
with Prejudice was entered on December 21, 2009.
ITEM 4 (REMOVED AND RESERVED)
None.
PART II
ITEM 5 MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES
Market Information and Holders
Since February 2, 2007, our common stock has been quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the
symbol LFVN. From October 5, 2004 to February 1, 2007, our common stock was quoted on the OTC
Bulletin Board under the symbol LFLT.
The table below sets forth for the fiscal quarters indicated the reported high and low bid
prices of our common stock, as quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. These prices were reported by an
online service, reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and
may not represent actual transactions. Our fiscal year-end is June 30.
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||
High | Low | High | Low | |||||||||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 0.71 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.13 | ||||||||
Second Quarter |
$ | 0.44 | $ | 0.20 | $ | 0.20 | $ | 0.07 | ||||||||
Third Quarter |
$ | 0.47 | $ | 0.26 | $ | 0.78 | $ | 0.16 | ||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 0.80 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 0.45 |
Our common stock is issued in registered form and the following information is taken from
the records of our current transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company, Inc., located in Golden,
Colorado. As of June 30, 2010, we had 290 shareholders of record and 61,494,849 shares of common
stock outstanding. This does not include an unknown number of persons who hold shares through
brokers and dealers in street name and who are not listed on our shareholder records.
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Dividends
We have not declared any dividends on any class of our equity securities since incorporation
and we do not anticipate that we will declare any dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition,
the terms of our outstanding convertible debentures due November 2011 prohibit us from paying cash
dividends or distributions on our common stock as long as any portion of such debentures remain
outstanding without the consent of the holders of at least a majority of the principal amount of
the then outstanding debentures. Even
absent such restriction, we currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, for use in
our operations and the expansion of our business.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
(c) Number of securities | ||||||||||||
(b) Weighted- | remaining available for | |||||||||||
(a) Number of | average exercise | future issuance under | ||||||||||
securities to be issued | price of | equity compensation | ||||||||||
upon exercise of | outstanding | plans (excluding | ||||||||||
outstanding options, | options, warrants | securities reflected in | ||||||||||
Plan Category | warrants and rights | and rights | column (a)) | |||||||||
Equity
compensation plans
approved by
security holders |
8,535,731 | $ | 0.50 | 304,269 | ||||||||
The Companys board of directors approved an increase to the shares reserved for issuance
under the Companys 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan from 6,000,000 shares to 10,000,000 shares and
this increase was approved by the Companys shareholders at the 2009 Annual Meeting. In June 2010
we issued 1,160,000 shares of restricted stock to distributors under our equity compensation plan.
Unregistered Sales of Securities
Effective June 30, 2009 and August 5, 2009, the Company sold 6,869,369 unregistered shares of
common stock at a price of $0.35 per share. In connection with these issuances, the Company also
issued warrants exercisable for 1,373,852 shares of its common stock. The warrants have an exercise
price of $0.50 per share and may be exercised at any time following issuance during the three-year
exercise period.
Effective November 18, 2009, December 11, 2009, December 31, 2009, January 20, 2010, February
4, 2010 and February 26, 2010, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements with
accredited investors pursuant to which the Company sold an aggregate of $5,000,000 of 8%
convertible debentures and warrants to purchase shares of the Companys common stock with an
exercise price of $0.50 per share. Each investor received a debenture in the principal amount
equal to such investors aggregate subscription amount less the amount equal to the quotient
obtained by dividing such aggregate subscription amount by $1,000. The debenture is convertible
into shares of the Companys common stock at any time at the discretion of the holder at a
conversion price per share of $0.20, subject to adjustment including anti-dilution protection.
Each investor also received a warrant to purchase that number of shares of the Companys common
stock that equals 50% of the quotient obtained by dividing such investors aggregate subscription
amount by $0.20. The Company issued debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $4,995,000 and
warrants to purchase an aggregate of 12,499,999 shares of the Companys common stock. The Company also issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,497,500 shares of the Companys common stock to placement agents in conjunction with this offering.
The maximum number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the debentures and
upon exercise of the warrants the Company issued in this offering is, respectively, 24,974,999 and
14,997,499, assuming the conversion price and exercise price is the initial conversion price and
exercise price at the time of conversion and/or exercise.
The issuances described above were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof and/or Rule 506 promulgated thereunder. The
transaction was not conducted in connection with a public offering, and no public solicitation or
advertisement was made or relied upon by the investors in connection with the offering.
ITEM 6 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.
ITEM 7 MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis in connection with our financial statements
and related notes beginning on page F-1 following Part III of this report.
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Overview
We are a dietary supplement company that manufactures, markets, distributes, and sells
Protandim, a patented dietary supplement intended to increase the bodys natural antioxidant
protection by inducing multiple protective enzymes including superoxide dismustase (SOD) and
catalase (CAT) through network marketing and direct-to-consumer sales channels. We also sell our
LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream, a skin care product, through the same channel.
Our revenue depends significantly upon the number and productivity of our independent
distributors. Independent distributors market and sell our products and recruit new distributors
based on the distinguishing benefits and innovative characteristics of our products. We have
developed a distributor compensation plan and other incentives designed to motivate our independent
distributors to market and sell our products and to build sales organizations. If we experience
delays or difficulties in introducing compelling products or attractive initiatives to independent
distributors, this can have a negative impact on our revenue and harm our business.
Our Products
We primarily sell a single product, Protandim, and in June 2009 we began selling our
LifeVantage TrueScience Anti-Aging Cream (LifeVantage TrueScience) which incorporates the
ingredients in Protandim and other proprietary ingredients. We developed Protandim, a proprietary
blend of ingredients that combats oxidative stress by increasing the bodys natural antioxidant
protection at the genetic level, inducing the production of naturally occurring protective
antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, and glutathione synthase.
We sell Protandim and LifeVantage TrueScience through our network marketing sales channel
utilizing independent distributors and directly to individuals through our preferred customer
program.
To date, we have focused our research efforts on investigating various aspects and
consequences of the imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants, an abnormality, which is a central
underlying feature in many disorders. We intend to continue our research, development, and
documentation of the efficacy of Protandim to provide credibility to the market. We also anticipate
undertaking research, development, testing, and licensing efforts to be able to introduce
additional products in the future, although we may not be successful in this endeavor.
Ongoing research and development projects involving Protandim are currently in various stages
of completion with several institutions including the University of Colorado at Denver Health
Science Center, University of Minnesotas Masonic Cancer Center, Ohio State University, University
Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic, University of Michigan and Louisiana State University. The
studies relate to various conditions including pulmonary hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, coronary artery bypass graft failure, renal failure,
diabetes, and photoaging of the skin. The recently completed and published peer-reviewed mouse
study at Louisiana State University found a significant increase in the expression levels of SOD
and catalase enzymes and tumor incidence and multiplicity were reduced in mice fed a Protandim®
diet by 33% and 57%, respectively, compared with mice on a basal diet. Another study, conducted by
a prominent dermatologist using Protandim®, is examining the relationship between anti-aging and
the skins natural ability to rejuvenate at the cellular level.
Results of Operations
We commenced sales of Protandim in February 2005. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, we generated net revenues of, $11,478,460 and $4,141,304, respectively,
and incurred net losses of $11,048,328 and $9,114,634, respectively. Beginning in
fiscal year 2009, we began sales of kits, marketing materials and other sales aides to distributors
in addition to the sales of Protandim.
Our expenditures have consisted primarily of marketing expenses, operating expenses, payroll
and professional fees, customer service, research and development and product manufacturing for the
marketing and sale of Protandim.
To meet our increased expense requirements and achieve profitability, our sales must continue
to increase. Our revenue is highly dependent upon the number and productivity of our independent
distributors. Growth in our sales volume requires an increase in the productivity and/or growth in
the total number of our independent distributors.
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If cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we
may need to raise additional financing. Additional financing may be dilutive to our existing
shareholders. If we are unable to obtain sufficient financing, or increase our
revenues, we will be required to reduce the scope of our existing and\or planned operations,
which could harm our business, financial condition and operating results.
Comparison of Years Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009
Sales. We generated net sales of $11,478,460 during the year ended June 30, 2010 and
$4,141,304 during the year ended June 30, 2009 primarily from the sale of Protandim and
TrueScience. The increase in sales of $7,337,156 was due to significant growth in our network
marketing channel.
Gross Margin. Cost of sales were $1,905,992 for the year ended June 30, 2010, and $852,804 for
the year ended June 30, 2009, resulting in a gross margin of $9,572,468, or 83%, and $3,288,500, or
79%, respectively. The increase in margin of $6,283,968 is due to the increase in sales as well as
a slight increase in margin percentage due to cost savings realized from our new contract
manufacturer during the year.
Operating Expenses. Total operating expenses for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 were
$16,894,420 as compared to operating expenses of $11,093,578 for the fiscal year ended June 30,
2009. Operating expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative,
research and development, and depreciation and amortization. Our launch of our network marketing
sales channel contributed to the increase in operating expenses.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 was
$8,481,496 compared to $4,107,768 in fiscal year 2009 representing an increase of $4,373,728 in
fiscal year 2010. This increase was due primarily to commissions incurred on increased sales.
General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expense for the fiscal year ended
June 30, 2010 was $7,765,331 compared to $6,588,414 in fiscal year 2009. The increase of $1,176,917
was primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense and costs associated with
increased headcount.
Research and Development. Our research and development expense for the fiscal year ended June
30, 2010 was $392,691 compared to $224,366 in fiscal year 2009. The increase of $168,325 was due
to increased fees for our Scientific Advisory Board and research contracts with the University of
Colorado.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization for the fiscal year ended June
30, 2010 was $254,902 compared to $173,030 in fiscal year 2009. The increase of $81,872 is
primarily due to amortization of intangible assets acquired during the year ended June 30, 2010.
Net Other Expense. We recognized net other expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 of
$3,726,376 as compared to $1,309,556 in fiscal year 2009. The increase in other expense of
$2,416,820 is largely the result of increased interest expense related to our private placements
and convertible debentures that we sold in private placement transactions which closed in fiscal
2010 and the fair market valuation of our related derivative warrant and conversion liabilities.
Net Loss. Our net loss for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 was $11,048,328 as compared to
the net loss of $9,114,634 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. This represents an increase in
net loss of $1,933,694.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary liquidity and capital resource requirements are to finance the cost of our planned
sales and marketing efforts, the manufacture and sale of Protandim and our LifeVantage TrueScience
Anti-Aging Skin Cream, and to pay our general and administrative expenses. Our primary sources of
liquidity are cash flow from the sales of our products and funds raised from our 2009 private
placement financing transactions which closed in 2009 and 2010.
In August 2009, we completed a sale of shares of common stock and warrants to purchase Common
Stock. We sold 2,583,668 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $0.35 per share and issued
warrants exercisable for 516,724 shares of Common Stock, for gross proceeds of $904,283. The
warrants sold in the Offering have an exercise price of $0.50 per share and may be exercised at any
time during the three-year period following the issuance.
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Between November 2009 and February 2010, the Company issued convertible debentures in
aggregate principal amount of $4,995,000 that bear interest at 8 percent per annum and have a term
of two years. The Company received aggregate net cash proceeds of $4,035,687, after deducting
placement fees $464,313 and taking into account the conversion of an outstanding note payable as
described below. The convertible debentures are convertible into the Companys common stock at
$0.20 per share during their term. In conjunction with these convertible debentures the Company
issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 14,997,499 shares of the Companys common stock with an
exercise price of $0.50 per share and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,035,866 shares of
common stock with an exercise price of $0.20 per share. In addition, a note payable to a related
party in the amount of $500,000 was converted to a convertible debenture.
At June 30, 2010, our available liquidity was $1,637,676 including available cash and cash
equivalents. This represented an increase of $1,028,881 from the $608,795 in cash, cash equivalents
and marketable securities as of June 30, 2009. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, our net
cash used by operating activities was $4,499,483 as compared to net cash used by operating
activities of $5,206,904 during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009. Our cash used by operating
activities during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 decreased primarily as a result of a decrease
in our operating loss as compared to the prior year.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, our net cash provided by investing activities was
$178,296 primarily due to the redemption of available-for-sale marketable securities offset by
purchases of equipment and intangible assets. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, our net
cash provided by investing activities was $204,492, primarily due to the redemption of
available-for-sale marketable securities offset by purchases of equipment.
Cash provided by financing activities during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 was
$5,381,845, compared to cash provided by financing activities of $5,414,324 during the fiscal year
ended June 30, 2009. Cash provided by financing activities during the fiscal year ended June 30,
2010 was primarily from proceeds from our convertible debenture offerings in 2010. Cash provided by
financing activities during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 was primarily from proceeds from
our private placement offerings in 2009 and proceeds from a revolving line of credit borrowed
against our marketable securities.
We maintain an investment portfolio of marketable securities that is managed by a professional
financial institution. This portfolio of auction rate preferred securities (ARPS) of AA and AAA
rated closed-end funds, which historically have been extremely liquid, has been adversely affected
by the broader national liquidity crisis. We have negotiated a repurchase plan with the financial
institution holding these securities.
We have a line of credit, secured by our marketable securities, which allows us to borrow up
to 80% of the value of the marketable securities. Based upon that line of credit, our management
has classified 80% or $340,000 of our marketable securities as short term. The remaining 20% or
$85,000 of our marketable securities that may not be available in the current year is classified as
long term. However, future economic events could change the portions of these classified as short
term and long term.
At June 30, 2010, we had working capital (current assets minus current liabilities) of
$(2,103,899) compared to working capital of ($748,353) at June 30, 2009. The decrease in working
capital was due primarily to $(1,444,331) of short-term derivative conversion liability related to
our 2007 debenture financing and $(702,361) of short-term convertible debt from our 2007 debenture
financing.
We intend to convert our short-term debentures and related derivative liabilities into
4,625,000 shares of our common stock during the first half of our fiscal 2011. The conversions
should bring our negative working capital to zero or slightly positive. Based on our forecasted
cash flow for fiscal 2011 we have determined that cash on hand will be sufficient to fund our
operations through June 30, 2011 and the foreseeable future thereafter.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of the period ended June 30, 2010.
Critical Accounting Policies
We prepare our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates,
judgments, and assumptions that we believe are reasonable based upon the information available.
These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods
presented. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Our significant accounting policies
are described in Note 2 to our financial statements. Certain of these significant accounting
policies require us to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments or estimates. We consider
an accounting estimate to be critical if (1) the accounting estimate requires us to make
assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made,
and (2) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, or use
of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have a
material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
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There are other items within our financial statements that require estimation, but are not
deemed critical as defined above. Changes in estimates used in these and other items could have a
material impact on our financial statements. Management has discussed the development and selection
of these critical accounting estimates with our board of directors, and the audit committee has
reviewed the following disclosures.
Allowances for Product Returns
We record allowances for product returns at the time we ship the product based on estimated
return rates of 1% to 4%. We offer a 30-day, money back unconditional guarantee to all customers.
In addition, up to 30% of a distributers orders in the prior 12 months may be eligible for a
return and refund subject to certain limitations. As of June 30, 2010, our shipments of
approximately $1,830,840 were subject to the money back guarantee. In addition, we allow
terminating distributors to return 30% of unopened unexpired product that they purchased within the
prior twelve months, subject to certain consumption limitations.
We monitor our return estimate on an ongoing basis and revise the allowances to reflect our
experience. Our allowance for product returns was $343,900 on June 30, 2010, compared with $68,500
on June 30, 2009. To date, product expiration dates have not played any role in product returns,
and we do not expect they will in the future because it is unlikely that we will ship product with
an expiration date earlier than the latest allowable product return date.
Inventory Valuation
We state inventories at the lower of cost or market on a first-in first-out basis. From time
to time, we maintain a reserve for inventory obsolescence and we base this reserve on assumptions
about current and future product demand, inventory whose shelf life has expired, and market
conditions. From time to time, we may be required to make additional reserves in the event there is
a change in any of these variables. We recorded no reserves for obsolete inventory as of June 30,
2010 because our product has a shelf life of at least 3 years based upon testing performed
quarterly in an accelerated aging chamber at our manufacturers facility.
Revenue Recognition
We ship the majority of our product directly to the consumer through the direct to consumer
and network marketing sales channels via UPS and we receive substantially all payment for these
sales in the form of credit card charges. We recognize revenue from direct product sales to
customers upon passage of title and risk of loss to customers when product ships from the
fulfillment facility. Sales revenue and estimated returns are recorded when product is shipped.
Derivative Instruments
In connection with the sale of debt or equity instruments, we may sell options or warrants to
purchase our common stock. In certain circumstances, these options or warrants may be classified as
derivative liabilities, rather than as equity. Additionally, the debt or equity instruments may
contain embedded derivative instruments, such as conversion options, which in certain circumstances
may be required to be bifurcated from the associated host instrument and accounted for separately
as a derivative instrument liability.
We estimate fair values of derivative financial instruments using various techniques that are
considered to be consistent with the objective measurement of fair values. In selecting the
appropriate technique, we consider, among other factors, the nature of the instrument, the market
risks that it embodies and the expected means of settlement. For less complex derivative
instruments, such as freestanding warrants, we generally use the Black Scholes Merton option
valuation technique, adjusted for the effect of dilution, because it embodies all of the requisite
assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms, and risk free rates) necessary to fair
value these instruments. For embedded conversion features we generally use a lattice technique
because it contains all the requisite assumptions to value these features. Estimating fair values
of derivative financial instruments requires the development of significant and subjective
estimates that may, and are likely to, change over the duration of the instrument with related
changes in internal and external market factors. In addition, option-based techniques are highly
volatile and sensitive to changes in the trading market price of our common stock. Since derivative
financial instruments are initially and subsequently carried at fair values, our income or loss
will reflect the volatility in changes to these estimates and assumptions.
Intangible Assets Patent Costs
We review the carrying value of our patent costs and compare to fair value at least annually
to determine whether the patents have continuing value. In determining fair value, we consider
undiscounted future cash flows and market capitalization.
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Stock-Based Compensation
We use the fair value approach to account for stock-based compensation in accordance with
current accounting guidance.
Research and Development Costs
We have expensed all of our payments related to research and development activities.
Commitments and Obligations
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||
Less than | ||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | ||||||||||||
Convertible Debt Obligations (subject to conversion to
common stock) |
5,570,280 | 925,000 | 4,645,280 | | ||||||||||||
Operating Lease Obligations |
730,221 | 316,318 | 305,809 | 108,094 | ||||||||||||
Revolving
line of Credit |
433,985 | 433,985 | | | ||||||||||||
Total |
6,734,486 | 1,675,303 | 4,951,089 | 108,094 |
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Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance which
established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the single source of
authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with
GAAP. This guidance also explicitly recognized rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under
federal securities laws as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. This guidance was effective for
financial statements issued for periods ending after September 15, 2009.
Standards Implemented
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the fair value measurement provisions as
required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure Topic of the Codification, as it relates to
the measurement of nonfinancial assets and liabilities on a non-recurring basis. The adoption of
these provisions did not have an impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted enhanced disclosures about how and why we use
derivative instruments, how they are accounted for, and how they affect our financial performance
as required by the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Codification.
Effective June 30, 2009, the Company adopted the subsequent event provisions of the
Codification. These provisions provide guidance on managements assessment of subsequent events.
The adoption of these provisions did not have an impact on the Companys Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Effective January 1, 2010, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2010-06,
Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements. The ASU amends FASB Codification Topic 820,
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, and requires additional disclosures regarding fair value
measurements.
ITEM 7A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 8 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this Item 8 is set forth in the financial statements included in
Item 15 of this report and is incorporated into this Item 8 by reference.
ITEM 9 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management,
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the
design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. The term disclosure controls and
procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (Exchange Act), means controls and other procedures of a company that are
designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports it files
or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time
periods specified in the SECs rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures also include,
without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to the companys management, including its principal executive and
principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our
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disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2010 at the reasonable
assurance level due to the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting
discussed immediately below.
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our
internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
1. | pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; | ||
2. | provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with the authorization of our management and directors; and | ||
3. | provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent
or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of
June 30, 2010. In making this assessment, management used the framework set forth in the report
entitled Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission, or COSO. The COSO framework summarizes each of the components of a
companys internal control system, including (i) the control environment, (ii) risk assessment,
(iii) control activities, (iv) information and communication, and (v) monitoring.
Identified Material Weaknesses
A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that
results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of our financial statements
would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by our employees in the normal course of
performing their assigned functions. Management identified material weaknesses during our
assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2010. In particular, we
concluded that we did not maintain:
1. | Sufficient personnel with an appropriate level of accounting knowledge, experience and training in the selection and application of technical accounting principles in accordance with GAAP to support our financial accounting and reporting functions; | ||
2. | Adequate oversight of certain accounting functions and did not maintain adequate documentation of management review and approval of accounting transactions and financial reporting processes; | ||
3. | Formal policies governing certain accounting transactions and financial reporting processes; and | ||
4. | A whistleblower hotline. |
An independent consulting firm assisted management with its assessment of the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting, including scope determination, planning, staffing,
documentation, testing, remediation and retesting and overall program management of the assessment
project. In conclusion, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer determined that we
did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2010.
Managements Remediation Initiatives
We are in the process of evaluating our material weaknesses. We have already begun to
remediate many of the material weaknesses. In an effort to remediate the identified material
weaknesses and other deficiencies and to enhance our internal control over financial reporting, we
have initiated, or plan to initiate, the following series of measures:
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1. | Hire staff with experience managing and working in the corporate accounting department of a publicly traded company; | ||
2. | Implement appropriate management oversight and approval activities; | ||
3. | Establish comprehensive formal general accounting policies and procedures and require employees to sign off such policies and procedures as documentation of their understanding of and compliance with company policies; and | ||
4. | Establish a whistleblower hotline and communicate it to appropriate Company stakeholders. |
We anticipate that the above four initiatives will be at least partially, if not fully,
implemented by March 31, 2011. Additionally, we plan to test our updated controls and remediate our
material weaknesses by June 30, 2011.
Conclusion
The above identified material weaknesses resulted in material audit adjustments to our 2010
financial statements. If the identified material weaknesses are not remediated, one or more of the
identified material weaknesses noted above could result in a material misstatement in our reported
financial statements in a future interim or annual period.
In light of the identified material weaknesses, management performed (1) significant
additional substantive review of those areas described above, and (2) additional analyses,
including but not limited to a detailed balance sheet and statement of operations analytical review
that compared changes from the prior periods financial statements and analyzed all significant
differences. These procedures were completed so management could gain assurance that the financial
statements and schedules included in this report fairly present in all material respects our
financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We made no changes during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.
ITEM 9B OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
The information required by Part III is incorporated by reference to the information to be set
forth in our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the Proxy
Statement). The Proxy Statement is to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A of the
Exchange Act, no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 10 DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Incorporated herein by reference to the information to be set forth in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 11 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Incorporated herein by reference to the information to be set forth in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
Incorporated herein by reference to the information to be set forth in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Incorporated herein by reference to the information to be set forth in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 14 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Incorporated herein by reference to the information to be set forth in the Proxy Statement.
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PART IV
ITEM 15 EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following documents are being filed as part of this report:
Financial Statements
See the information beginning on page F-1 of this report.
Exhibits
See the Exhibit Index following the signature page of this report.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
LifeVantage Corporation. a Colorado corporation |
||||
By: | /s/ David W. Brown | |||
David W. Brown | ||||
Its: | Chief Executive Officer | |||
Date: | September 15, 2010 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
Signature | Date | Title | ||
/s/ David W. Brown
|
September 15, 2010 | Chief Executive Officer; Director
(Principal Executive Officer) |
||
/s/ Carrie E. Carlander
|
September 15, 2010 | Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
||
/s/ Garry Mauro
|
September 15, 2010 | Chairman of the Board | ||
/s/ James D. Crapo
|
September 15, 2010 | Chairman of the Audit Committee | ||
/s/ Joe M. McCord
|
September 15, 2010 | Director | ||
/s/ Richard D. Jones
|
September 15, 2010 | Director | ||
/s/ Doug Robinson
|
September 15, 2010 | Director | ||
/s/ C. Mike Lu
|
September 15, 2010 | Director | ||
/s/ Kay Stout Manovich
|
September 15, 2010 | Director | ||
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Exhibit | ||||
No. | Document Description | Incorporation by Reference | ||
3.1
|
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-KSB (file No. 000-30489), filed on September 28, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
3.2
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-KSB (file No. 000-30489), filed on September 28, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.1
|
Form of Warrant. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-148119), filed December 17, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.2
|
Form of Convertible Debenture. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-148119), filed December 17, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.3
|
Form of 2009 Private Placement Warrant. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-30489), filed September 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.4
|
Form of 2009 Unit Subscription Agreement. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-30489), filed September 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.5
|
Form of Debenture issued in connection with November 2009 Financing. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on November 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.6
|
Form of Warrant issued in connection with November 2009 Financing. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on November 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.7
|
Amendment to Debentures and Warrants, dated as of December 11, 2009. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.8
|
Form of Restated Debenture issued pursuant to Amended and Restated Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 11, 2009. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.9
|
Form of Restated Warrant issued pursuant to Amended and Restated Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 11, 2009. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.10
|
Form of 8% Convertible Debentures issued on each of December 31, 2009, January 20, 2010, February 4, 2010 and February 26, 2010. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
4.11
|
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant issued on each of December 31, 2009, January 20, 2010, February 4, 2010 and February 26, 2010. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.1
|
Form of Unit Warrant Certificate. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-126288), filed on June 30, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.2
|
Form of Bridge Warrant Certificate. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-126288), filed on June 30, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.3
|
Form of Placement Agent Warrant Certificate. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-126288), filed on June 30, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.4
|
Form of Placement Agent Warrant Certificate. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2/A (File No. 333-126288), filed on February 6, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference. |
-41-
Table of Contents
Exhibit | ||||
No. | Document Description | Incorporation by Reference | ||
10.5#
|
LifeVantage Corporation 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan. | Filed with the LifeVantage Proxy on Form 14-A (File No. 000-30489) dated October 20, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.6
|
Lease dated July 1, 2008 between Bernardo Regency, L.L.C. and LifeVantage Corporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-KSB (file No. 000-30489), filed on September 23, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.7
|
Sublease dated March 1, 2009 between Broadweave Networks Inc. and LifeVantage Corporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-30489), filed September 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.8
|
Agreement between Cornerstone Research and Development and LifeVantage Corporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-30489), filed September 28, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.9
|
Confidential Termination Agreement and General Release of Claims dated February 14, 2007 between Gerald J. Houston and the Company. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB (file No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.10
|
Letter Agreement dated June 1, 2007 between Aspenwood Capital and LifeVantage Corporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-148119), filed December 17, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.11
|
Letter Agreement dated September 28, 2007 between Bolder Venture Partners and LifeVantage Corporation. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-148119), filed December 17, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.12
|
Purchase Agreement between General Nutrition Distribution, LP and LifeVantage Corporation, dated June 21, 2006. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No. 333-126288), filed on June 30, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.13#
|
Employment Agreement, dated January 10, 2008, between LifeVantage Corporation and David W. Brown. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000- 30489), filed on January 16, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.14#
|
LifeVantage Compensation Plan. | Filed herewith. | ||
10.15#
|
Scientific Advisory Board Agreement effective as of October 1, 2009 by and between the LifeVantage Corporation and Joe McCord, Ph.D. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.16
|
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement entered into in connection with November 2009 Financing. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on November 18, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.17
|
Form of Amended and Restated Securities Purchase Agreement originally dated December 11, 2009. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.18#
|
First Amendment to Chief Executive Officer Employment Agreement dated December 15, 2009 between the LifeVantage Corporation and David W. Brown. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.19
|
Settlement Agreement dated December 18, 2009 by and between Zrii, LLC and William F. Farley, on the one hand, and the LifeVantage Corporation, Wellness Acquisition Group, and the other parties thereto, on the other hand. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.20
|
Amendment to and Acknowledgement of Cancellation of Promissory Note Agreement dated February 4, 2010 by and between the LifeVantage Corporation and C. Mike Lu. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on February 16, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.21
|
Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 31, 2009, among the LifeVantage Corporation and the purchaser parties thereto. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. |
-42-
Table of Contents
Exhibit | ||||
No. | Document Description | Incorporation by Reference | ||
10.22
|
Securities Purchase Agreement dated January 20, 2010, among the LifeVantage Corporation and the purchaser parties thereto. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.23
|
Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 4, 2010, among the LifeVantage Corporation and the purchaser parties thereto. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
10.24
|
Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 26, 2010, among the LifeVantage Corporation and the purchaser parties thereto. | Incorporated by reference to LifeVantage Corporations Form 8-K (File No. 000-30489), filed on May 14, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
21.1
|
List of Subsidiaries. | Filed as an exhibit to LifeVantage Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-KSB (File No. 000-30489), filed on October 13, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. | ||
23.1
|
Consent of Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman PC. | Filed herewith. | ||
31.1
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Filed herewith. | ||
31.2
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Filed herewith. | ||
32.1
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Furnished herewith. | ||
32.2
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Furnished herewith. |
-43-
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-2 | ||||
F-3 | ||||
F-4 | ||||
F-5 | ||||
F-6F-7 | ||||
F-8 |
F-1
Table of Contents
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors
LifeVantage Corporation
San Diego, California
LifeVantage Corporation
San Diego, California
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of LifeVantage Corporation and
subsidiary as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders deficit and comprehensive income, and cash flows for the years then ended. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The
Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control
over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial
reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control
over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no opinion. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of LifeVantage Corporation and subsidiary as
of June 30, 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years
then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
/s/ Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman PC
September 15, 2010
Denver, Colorado
Denver, Colorado
F-2
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of, | ||||||||
June 30, 2010 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,637,676 | $ | 608,795 | ||||
Restricted Cash |
| 259,937 | ||||||
Marketable securities, available for sale |
340,000 | 520,000 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
401,597 | 648,116 | ||||||
Equity raise receivable |
| 119,750 | ||||||
Inventory |
493,858 | 740,014 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and deposits |
153,864 | 89,220 | ||||||
Total current assets |
3,026,995 | 2,985,832 | ||||||
Long-term assets |
||||||||
Marketable securities, available for sale |
85,000 | 130,000 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
196,353 | 274,741 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
2,045,471 | 2,175,281 | ||||||
Deferred debt offering costs, net |
844,792 | 83,023 | ||||||
Deposits |
28,613 | 66,795 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 6,227,224 | $ | 5,715,672 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 770,941 | $ | 2,029,290 | ||||
Commissions payable |
591,035 | 121,635 | ||||||
Reserve for sales returns |
343,937 | 68,542 | ||||||
Other accrued expenses |
809,507 | 631,847 | ||||||
Customer deposits |
34,797 | | ||||||
Escrow for equity offering |
| 259,937 | ||||||
Revolving line of credit and accrued interest |
433,985 | 581,444 | ||||||
Short-term derivative liabilities |
1,444,331 | | ||||||
Short-term convertible debt, net of discount |
702,361 | | ||||||
Capital lease obligations, current portion |
| 41,490 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
5,130,894 | 3,734,185 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities |
||||||||
Deferred rent |
27,191 | 23,677 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities |
17,123,119 | 8,429,710 | ||||||
Convertible debt, net of discount |
121,014 | 382,194 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
22,402,218 | 12,569,766 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
||||||||
Stockholders deficit |
||||||||
Preferred stock par value $0.001, 50,000,000
shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock par value $0.001, 250,000,000
shares authorized and 61,494,849 and 53,968,628
issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2010 and
2009, respectively |
61,495 | 53,969 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
21,457,145 | 16,964,927 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(37,661,857 | ) | (23,872,990 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
(31,777 | ) | | |||||
Total stockholders deficit |
(16,174,994 | ) | (6,854,094 | ) | ||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
$ | 6,227,224 | $ | 5,715,672 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the years ended, | ||||||||
June 30, 2010 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
Sales, net |
$ | 11,478,460 | $ | 4,141,304 | ||||
Cost of sales |
1,905,992 | 852,804 | ||||||
Gross profit |
9,572,468 | 3,288,500 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
Sales and marketing |
8,481,496 | 4,107,768 | ||||||
General and administrative |
7,765,331 | 6,588,414 | ||||||
Research and development |
392,691 | 224,366 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
254,902 | 173,030 | ||||||
Total operating expenses |
16,894,420 | 11,093,578 | ||||||
Operating loss |
(7,321,952 | ) | (7,805,078 | ) | ||||
Other income and (expense): |
||||||||
Interest expense, net |
(6,828,049 | ) | (1,309,556 | ) | ||||
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
3,101,673 | | ||||||
Total other income (expense) |
(3,726,376 | ) | (1,309,556 | ) | ||||
Net loss |
$ | (11,048,328 | ) | $ | (9,114,634 | ) | ||
Net loss per share, basic and diluted |
$ | (0.19 | ) | $ | (0.23 | ) | ||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
57,373,483 | 40,360,592 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009
Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Additional | Accumulated | Comprehensive | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Paid In Capital | Deficit | Income | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balances, July 1, 2008 |
24,766,117 | $ | 24,766 | $ | 17,902,840 | $ | (14,758,356 | ) | $ | | $ | 3,169,250 | |||||||||||||
Options/Warrants issued for
services |
| | 1,454,249 | | | 1,454,249 | |||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of options and warrants |
6,426,810 | 6,427 | 525,403 | | | 531,830 | |||||||||||||||||||
Shares and warrants issued
pursuant to private placement |
21,785,701 | 21,786 | 4,978,214 | | | 5,000,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private placement fees and
shares issued for services |
65,000 | 65 | (402,815 | ) | | | (402,750 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of warrant as
derivative warrant liability |
| | (7,652,023 | ) | | | (7,652,023 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Conversion of debt to equity |
925,000 | 925 | 159,059 | | | 159,984 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (9,114,634 | ) | | (9,114,634 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Balances, June 30, 2009 |
53,968,628 | $ | 53,969 | $ | 16,964,927 | $ | (23,872,990 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,854,094 | ) | ||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
| | (448,619 | ) | (2,740,539 | ) | | (3,189,158 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for services |
1,284,500 | 1,285 | 343,556 | | | 344,841 | |||||||||||||||||||
Options/Warrants issued for
services |
| | 2,315,074 | | | 2,315,074 | |||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of options and warrants |
809,453 | 809 | 11,168 | | | 11,977 | |||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of debt to equity |
2,848,600 | 2,848 | 1,369,335 | | | 1,372,183 | |||||||||||||||||||
Shares and warrants issued
pursuant to private placement |
2,583,668 | 2,584 | 901,704 | | | 904,288 | |||||||||||||||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
| | | | (31,777 | ) | (31,777 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (11,048,328 | ) | | (11,048,328 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
| | | | | (11,080,105 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balances, June 30, 2010 |
61,494,849 | $ | 61,495 | $ | 21,457,145 | $ | (37,661,857 | ) | $ | (31,777 | ) | $ | (16,174,994 | ) | |||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (11,048,328 | ) | $ | (9,114,634 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
254,902 | 173,030 | ||||||
Loss on disposition of equipment |
| 6,652 | ||||||
Stock based compensation to employees |
1,131,657 | 824,974 | ||||||
Stock based compensation to non-employees |
1,528,258 | 629,275 | ||||||
Non-cash interest expense from convertible debentures |
6,190,180 | 343,710 | ||||||
Non-cash interest expense from amortization of deferred offering costs |
376,891 | 85,445 | ||||||
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
(3,101,673 | ) | 777,687 | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
(Increase)/decrease in accounts receivable, net |
246,519 | (550,108 | ) | |||||
Decrease/(increase) in inventory |
246,156 | (635,599 | ) | |||||
Decrease in deposits to manufacturer |
| 271,497 | ||||||
(Increase)/ decrease in prepaid expenses and deposits |
(64,644 | ) | 51,311 | |||||
Decrease/(increase) in deposits |
38,182 | (18,348 | ) | |||||
(Decrease)/increase in accounts payable |
(1,258,349 | ) | 1,889,487 | |||||
Increase in customer deposits |
34,797 | | ||||||
Increase in accrued expenses |
925,969 | 507,433 | ||||||
(Decrease) in deferred revenue |
| (510,765 | ) | |||||
Decrease in deferred expenses |
| 62,049 | ||||||
Net Cash Used by Operating Activities |
(4,499,483 | ) | (5,206,904 | ) | ||||
Cash Flows Provided by Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Redemption of marketable securities |
225,000 | 450,000 | ||||||
(Purchase) of equipment |
(6,075 | ) | (226,701 | ) | ||||
(Purchase) of intangible assets |
(40,629 | ) | (18,807 | ) | ||||
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities |
178,296 | 204,492 | ||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Net proceeds (payments) from revolving line of credit and accrued interest |
(148,367 | ) | 414,824 | |||||
Principal payments under capital lease obligation |
(41,490 | ) | (9,830 | ) | ||||
Issuance of
common stock and warrants |
916,265 | 5,531,830 | ||||||
Receivable from equity raise |
119,750 | (119,750 | ) | |||||
Private placement fees |
(464,313 | ) | (402,750 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from issuance of private placement of convertible debentures & warrants |
5,000,000 | | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities |
5,381,845 | 5,414,324 | ||||||
Foreign Currency Effect on cash |
(31,777 | ) | | |||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |
1,028,881 | 411,912 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents beginning of period |
608,795 | 196,883 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents end of period |
1,637,676 | 608,795 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
||||||||
Conversion of long-term debt to common stock |
$ | 914,720 | $ | 185,000 | ||||
Conversion
of derivative to common stock |
$ | 457,463 | $ | | ||||
Warrants issued for private placement fees |
$ | 674,347 | $ | 689,385 | ||||
Equipment acquired through a capital lease |
| $ | 51,319 | |||||
Write down of deferred offering costs related to conversion of debt |
| $ | 25,016 | |||||
Cash paid for interest expense |
$ | 165,943 | $ | 104,222 | ||||
Cash paid for income taxes |
$ | | $ | |
For the year ended June 30, 2010 the Company issued 694,811 shares of common stock
for a total exercise price of $286,700 through non-cash exercises of 1,099,286 warrants.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Table of Contents
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 Organization and Basis of Presentation:
LifeVantage Corporation (LifeVantage or the Company) was formed under Colorado law in June
1988, under the name Andraplex Corporation. The Company amended its name to Yaak River Resources,
Inc. in January 1992, to Lifeline Therapeutics, Inc. in October 2004 and to LifeVantage Corporation
in November 2006. The Company is in the business of marketing and selling its proprietary products,
primarily Protandim®, to individuals throughout the United States and in Japan and Mexico. The
Company began selling to individuals during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005 and to retail
stores beginning in fiscal year 2006. The Companys headquarters are in San Diego, California and
its principal operations are located in South Jordan, Utah.
In July 2009 the Company formed the wholly owned subsidiaries LifeVantage de México, S. de
R.L. de C.V. (Limited Liability Company), Importadora LifeVantage, S. de R.L. de C.V. (Limited
Liability Company), and Servicios Administrativos para la Importación de Productos Body & Skin,
S.C. to conduct business in Mexico.
On October 26, 2004, the Company consummated an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization with
Lifeline Nutraceuticals Corporation (LNC), a privately held Colorado corporation, formed on July
1, 2003. In October 2004 and March 2005 the shareholders of LNC exchanged 81% of their outstanding shares of common stock for
15,385,110 shares of common stock of the Company, which represented 94% of the then issued and
outstanding shares of the Company. The Company assumed the obligations of LNC note holders as part
of the transaction.
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Consolidation
The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned
subsidiaries LNC, LifeVantage de México, S. de R.L. de C.V.
(Limited Liability Company), Importadora LifeVantage, S. de R.L. de C.V. (Limited Liability
Company), and Servicios Administrativos para la Importación de Productos Body & Skin, S.C. All
inter-company accounts and transactions between the entities have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America (GAAP). In preparing
these statements, we are required to use estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Actual results could differ materially from those estimates and assumptions. On an ongoing basis,
we review our estimates, including those related to allowances for sales returns, income taxes and
tax valuation reserves, share-based compensation, derivative liabilities and loss contingencies.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Accounting guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures requires disclosures about the
fair value for all financial instruments, whether or not recognized, for financial statement
purposes. Disclosures about fair value of financial instruments are based on pertinent information
available to management as of June 30, 2010 and 2009. Accordingly, the estimates presented in these
consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be
realized on disposition of the financial instruments.
Management has estimated the fair values of cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable,
accounts payable, and accrued expenses to be approximately their respective carrying values
reported in these consolidated financial statements because of their short maturities.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value measurement requirements are embodied in certain accounting standards applied in
the preparation of our financial statements. Significant fair value measurements resulted from the
application of guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures to our common stock and warrant
financing arrangements and to our share-based payment arrangements. Accounting guidance on fair
value measurements and disclosures establishes a framework and hierarchy for measuring fair value
in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
F-8
Table of Contents
Fair value hierarchy: |
(1) | Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. |
(2) | Level 2 inputs are inputs which include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. |
(3) | Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs and significant to the fair value measurement. |
Accounting guidance on fair value measurement and disclosures permits entities to choose to
measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. It was effective for our
year beginning July 1, 2008. Upon its adoption and at this time, we do not intend to reflect any of
our current financial instruments at fair value (except that we are required to carry our
derivative financial instruments at fair value). However, we will consider the appropriateness of
recognizing financial instruments at fair value on a case by case basis in future periods.
The summary of fair values of financial instruments as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 are as
follows:
June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Instrument | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Level | Valuation Methodology | ||||||||||||
Marketable Securities |
$ | 425,000 | $ | 425,000 | 2 | Market Price | ||||||||||
Derivative warrant liabilities |
$ | 10,573,084 | $ | 10,573,084 | 3 | Black-Scholes | ||||||||||
Embedded conversion liability |
$ | 7,994,366 | $ | 7,994,366 | 3 | Lattice model |
June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||
Instrument | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Level | Valuation Methodology | ||||||||||||
Marketable Securities |
$ | 650,000 | $ | 650,000 | 2 | Market Price | ||||||||||
Derivative warrant liabilities |
$ | 8,429,710 | $ | 8,429,710 | 3 | Black-Scholes |
The following represents a reconciliation of the changes in fair value of financial
instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3) for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
June 30, 2010 | June 30, 2009 | |||||||
Beginning balance: Derivative liabilities |
$ | 8,429,710 | $ | | ||||
Total (gains) losses |
(3,101,673 | ) | 777,687 | |||||
Adoption of change in accounting principle |
3,267,253 | | ||||||
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net |
9,972,160 | 7,652,023 | ||||||
Ending balance: Derivative liabilities |
$ | 18,567,450 | $ | 8,429,710 | ||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers only its monetary liquid assets with original maturities of three months
or less as cash and cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
As of June 30, 2010 the Company had no restricted cash. As of June 30, 2009, the Company
collected $259,937 of receipts related to an equity offering that closed in August
2009. These funds were held as restricted cash in escrow until the closing.
Marketable Securities
The Company has invested, from time to time, in marketable securities, including auction rate
preferred securities of closed-end funds (ARPS) to maximize interest income. The Company
considered its investment in these instruments as marketable securities available for sale in
accordance with relevant accounting guidance.
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These marketable securities which historically had been liquid have been adversely affected by
the broader national liquidity crisis. The Company entered into an agreement with its investment
advisor, Stifel Nicolaus, to repurchase 100% of the ARPS at par on or prior to June 30, 2012. The
schedule for repurchase over the next three years is as follows:
(a) | The greater of 10 percent or $25,000 to be completed by June 30, 2010; |
(b) | The greater of 10 percent or $25,000 to be completed by June 30, 2011; |
(c) | The balance of outstanding ARPS to be repurchased by June 30, 2012. |
The Company has entered into a line of credit with Stifel Nicolaus to borrow up to 80% of the
par value of the Companys marketable securities, collateralized solely by the ARPS.
Based upon the agreement to expand the line of credit to 80%, management has access to 80% of
its ARPS through borrowing in the current year. Accordingly, management classified 80% or $340,000
of the Companys marketable securities as short term. The remaining 20% or $85,000 of the Companys
marketable securities that may not be available in the current year is classified as long-term.
As of June 30, 2010, in light of the plan for repurchase and the repurchases made during the
year, management has determined that there has not been a change in the fair value of the
securities owned. The Company has not recorded any impairment related to these investments, as
management does not believe that the underlying credit quality of the assets has been impacted by
the reduced liquidity of these investments.
Accounts Receivable
The Companys accounts receivable for the year ended June 30, 2010 consist primarily of credit
card receivables including a percentage holdback by the credit card processor. The Companys
accounts receivable for the year ended June 30, 2009 primarily consisted of receivables from retail
distributors. Based on the Companys verification process for customer credit cards and historical
information available, management has determined that an allowance for doubtful accounts on credit
card sales related to its direct and independent distributor sales as of June 30, 2010 is not
necessary. No bad debt expense has been recorded for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the
first-in, first-out method. The Company has capitalized payments to its contract manufacturer for
the acquisition of raw materials and commencement of the manufacturing, bottling and labeling of
the Companys product. As of June 30, 2010 and June 30, 2009, inventory consisted of:
June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Finished goods |
$ | 326,095 | $ | 522,599 | ||||
Raw materials |
167,763 | 217,415 | ||||||
Total inventory |
$ | 493,858 | $ | 740,014 | ||||
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Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is
expensed in amounts sufficient to relate the expiring costs of depreciable assets to operations
over estimated service lives, principally using the straight-line method. Estimated service lives
range from three to seven years. When such assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and
accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected
in operations in the period of disposal. The cost of normal maintenance and repairs is charged to
expense as incurred. Significant expenditures that increase the useful life of an asset are
capitalized and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the asset. Property and equipment
consist of:
June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Equipment |
$ | 360,699 | $ | 357,135 | ||||
Software |
85,463 | 82,952 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation |
(249,809 | ) | (165,346 | ) | ||||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 196,353 | $ | 274,741 | ||||
Depreciation
expense totaled $84,463 and $59,340 for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
Intangible Assets
The Company has adopted accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets which
establishes standards for accounting for goodwill and other intangibles acquired in business
combinations.
As of June 30, 2010 and June 30, 2009, intangible assets consisted of:
June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Patent costs |
$ | 2,278,953 | $ | 2,255,696 | ||||
Trademark costs |
150,061 | 132,712 | ||||||
Accumulated amortization |
(383,543 | ) | (213,127 | ) | ||||
Intangible assets, net |
$ | 2,045,471 | $ | 2,175,281 | ||||
Amortization
expense totaled $170,439 and $113,690 for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
Patents
The costs of applying for patents are capitalized and, once the patent is granted, will be
amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the patents economic or legal life.
Capitalized costs will be expensed if patents are not granted or it is determined that the patent
is impaired. The Company reviews the carrying value of its patent costs periodically to determine
whether the patents have continuing value and such reviews could result in impairment of the
recorded amounts. As of June 30, 2010, three U.S. patents have been granted, which are being
amortized upon the date of the grant and continuing over their remaining legal lives.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Pursuant to guidance established for impairment or disposal of assets the Company assesses
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a
long-lived asset may not be recoverable. When an assessment for impairment of long-lived assets,
long-lived assets to be disposed of, and certain identifiable intangibles related to those assets
is performed, the Company is required to compare the net carrying value of long-lived assets on the
lowest level at which cash flows can be determined on a consistent basis to the related estimates
of future undiscounted net cash flows for such properties. If the net carrying value exceeds the
net cash flows, then impairment is recognized to reduce the carrying value to the estimated fair
value, generally equal to the future discounted net cash flow.
F-11
Table of Contents
The recurring losses experienced by the Company have resulted in managements assessment of
impairment with respect to the capitalized patent costs. Analysis generated for this assessment
concluded that sales volumes, less the cost of manufacturing the product sold, less the sales and
marketing and general and administrative cost of generating the revenues, support managements
conclusion that no impairment to the capitalized patent costs has occurred as of June 30, 2010.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Accounting guidance for financial instruments, requires disclosure of significant
concentrations of credit risk regardless of the degree of such risk. Financial instruments with
significant credit risk include cash and marketable securities. At June 30, 2010, the Company had
$1,424,984 in cash accounts at one financial institution, $58,914 in foreign banks for our Mexico
and Japan subsidiaries and $153,778 in an investment management account at another financial
institution.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We do not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign
currency risks. However, we have entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts,
such as freestanding warrants and embedded conversion features on convertible debt instruments that
are not afforded equity classification. These instruments are required to be carried as derivative
liabilities, at fair value, in our consolidated financial statements.
Derivative financial instruments consist of financial instruments or other contracts that
contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables (e.g. interest rate, security price
or other variable), require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. Derivative
financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. Further,
derivative financial instruments are initially, and subsequently, measured at fair value and
recorded as liabilities or, in rare instances, assets.
We estimate fair values of derivative financial instruments using various techniques that are
considered to be consistent with the objective measurement of fair values. In selecting the
appropriate technique, we consider, among other factors, the nature of the instrument, the market
risks that it embodies and the expected means of settlement. For less complex derivative
instruments, such as freestanding warrants, we generally use the Black Scholes Merton option
valuation technique, adjusted for the effect of dilution, because it embodies all of the requisite
assumptions (including trading volatility, estimated terms, and risk free rates) necessary to fair
value these instruments. For embedded conversion features we generally use a lattice technique
because it contains all the requisite assumptions to value these features. Estimating fair values
of derivative financial instruments requires the development of significant and subjective
estimates that may, and are likely to, change over the duration of the instrument with related
changes in internal and external market factors. In addition, option-based techniques are highly
volatile and sensitive to changes in the trading market price of our common stock. Since derivative
financial instruments are initially and subsequently carried at fair values, our income or loss
will reflect the volatility in changes to these estimates and assumptions.
Our derivative liabilities are significant to our financial statements for the year ended June
30, 2010. The magnitude of derivative income (expense) reflects the following:
| The market price of our common stock, which significantly affects the fair value of our derivative financial instruments, experienced material price fluctuations. To illustrate, the closing price of our common stock decreased from $0.67 on June 30, 2009 to $0.39 on September 30, 2009 and then to $0.25 on December 31, 2009. The closing price of our common stock then increased to $0.39 on March 31, 2010 and increased further to $0.51 at June 30, 2010. |
Convertible Debt Instruments
We issued convertible debt in September and October 2007, November and December 2009 and
January and February 2010. We review the terms of convertible debt and equity instruments that we
issue to determine whether there are embedded derivative instruments, including the embedded
conversion options that are required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately as derivative
instrument liabilities. Also, in connection with the sale of convertible debt and equity
instruments, we may issue freestanding options or warrants that may, depending on their terms, be
accounted for as derivative instrument liabilities, rather than as equity.
When the embedded conversion option in a convertible debt instrument is not required to be
bifurcated and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument, we review the terms of the
instrument to determine whether it is necessary to record a beneficial conversion feature. When
the effective conversion rate of the instrument at the time it is issued is less than the fair
value of the common stock into which it is convertible, we recognize a beneficial conversion
feature, which is credited to equity and reduces the initial carrying value of the instrument.
F-12
Table of Contents
When convertible debt is initially recorded at less than its face value as a result of
allocating some or all of the proceeds received to derivative instrument liabilities, to a
beneficial conversion feature or to other instruments, the discount from the face amount, together
with the stated interest on the convertible debt, is amortized over the life of the instrument
through periodic charges to income, using the effective interest method.
Revenue Recognition
We ship the majority of our product directly to the consumer via UPS and receive substantially
all payment for these sales in the form of credit card charges. Revenue from direct product sales
to customers is recognized upon passage of title and risk of loss to customers when product is
shipped from the fulfillment facility. Sales revenue and estimated returns are recorded when
product is shipped. The Companys return policy is to provide a 30-day money back guarantee on
orders placed by customers. After 30 days, the Company does not issue refunds to direct sales
customers for returned product. In the network marketing sales channel, the Company allows
terminating distributors to return unopened unexpired product that they have purchased within the
prior twelve months, subject to certain consumption limitations. To date, returns from terminating
distributors have been negligible. The Company has experienced overall monthly returns of
approximately 3% of sales. Our return rate for sales directly to consumers, which excludes sales
through our network marketing channel is approximately 1% of sales based on historical experience
and our return rate for sales through our network marketing channel is approximately 4% of sales
based upon the Companys historical experience and network marketing
industry experience. As of June 30, 2010
and June 30, 2009, the Companys reserve balance for returns and allowances was approximately
$343,900 and $68,500, respectively.
Shipping and Handling
Shipping and handling costs associated with inbound freight and freight out to customers
including independent distributors are included in cost of sales. Shipping and handling fees
charged to all customers are included in sales.
Research and Development Costs
The Company expenses all costs related to research and development activities as incurred.
Research and development expenses for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 were $392,691 and
$224,366, respectively.
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. The Company expensed the cost of producing
commercials when the first commercial ran. Advertising expense for the years ended June 30, 2010
and 2009 were $21,982 and $573,145, respectively. The significantly lower advertising costs in
fiscal year 2010 were a result of the change in marketing strategy and sales channel.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company began using the fair value approach, effective beginning in the first quarter of
fiscal 2007, to account for stock-based compensation, in accordance with the modified version of
prospective application as prescribed by accounting guidance on stock compensation.
The Company adopted and the shareholders approved the Companys 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan
(the Plan), effective November 21, 2006, to provide incentives to certain employees, officers,
directors and consultants who contribute to the strategic and long-term performance objectives and
growth of the Company. A maximum of 10,000,000 shares of the Companys common stock can be issued
under the Plan in connection with the grant of awards. Awards to purchase common stock have been
granted pursuant to the Plan and are outstanding to various employees, officers, directors,
Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) members and independent distributors at prices between $0.21 and
$0.76 per share, vesting over one- to three-year periods. Awards expire in accordance with the
terms of each award and the shares subject to the award are added back to the Plan upon expiration
of the award. As of June 30, 2010 there were awards outstanding, net of awards expired, for the
purchase in aggregate of 8,535,731 shares of the Companys common stock.
In certain circumstances, the Company issued common stock for invoiced services, to pay
contractors and vendors and in other similar situations. In accordance with accounting guidance on
stock compensation, payments in equity instruments to non-employees for goods or services are
accounted for by the fair value method, which relies on the valuation of the service at the date of
the transaction.
F-13
Table of Contents
Compensation expense was calculated using the fair value method during the fiscal years
ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following
assumptions were used for options and warrants granted during the years ended June 30, 2010 and
2009:
1. | risk-free interest rate of between 2.01 and 3.52 percent in fiscal 2010, and between 1.15 and 3.86 percent in fiscal 2009; | ||
2. | dividend yield of -0- percent in fiscal 2010 and 2009; | ||
3. | expected life of 3 to 6 years in fiscal 2010 and 2009; | ||
4. | a volatility factor of the expected market price of the Companys common stock of between 130 and 337 percent in fiscal 2010 and 334 percent in fiscal 2009. |
The Company uses Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 107 guidance to estimate the expected life of
the options. The guidance provides a simplified method for estimating the expected life of the
options. The Company uses this method because it believes that it provides a better estimate than
the Companys historical data
as post vesting exercises have been limited.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using statutory tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets
and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
effective date of the change.
On July 1, 2007, the Company adopted accounting guidance related to accounting for uncertainty
in income taxes, which creates a single model to address uncertainty in income tax positions and
prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being
recognized in financial statements. The Company recognizes tax benefits from an uncertain
position only if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by
taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the issue. The amount recognized is the
largest benefit that the Company believes has greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized upon
settlement.
Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per common share is computed by
dividing net loss by the weighted average common shares and potentially dilutive common share
equivalents. The effects of approximately 75 million common shares issuable pursuant to the
convertible debentures and warrants issued in the Companys private placement offerings,
compensation based warrants issued by the Company and the Companys 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan
are not included in computations when their effect is antidilutive. Because of the net loss for
years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the basic and diluted average outstanding shares are the same,
as including the additional potential common share equivalents would have an antidilutive effect on
the loss per share calculation.
Segment Information
The Companys operations are aggregated into a single reportable operating segment based upon
similar economic and operating characteristics as well as similar markets. The Companys operations
are also subject to similar regulatory environments. The Company conducts its operations in the
U.S., Mexico and Japan. Substantially all long-lived assets are in the U.S. Revenues by
geographic area are as follows:
Years ended June 30, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Revenues from unaffiliated customers |
||||||||
U.S. operations |
$ | 10,886,008 | $ | 4,141,304 | ||||
Japan operations |
436,637 | | ||||||
Mexico operations |
155,815 | | ||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 11,478,460 | $ | 4,141,304 | ||||
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Table of Contents
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income is defined as all changes in equity from non-owner sources. The
components of comprehensive income include the total of net income and currency translation
adjustments. The change in other comprehensive income for the year ended June 30, 2010 was $31,777
from the change in currency translation adjustments.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance which
established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the single source of
authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with
GAAP. This guidance also explicitly recognized rules and interpretive releases of the Securities
and Exchange Commission (SEC) under federal securities laws as authoritative GAAP for SEC
registrants. This guidance was effective for financial statements issued for periods ending after
September 15, 2009
Standards Implemented
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the fair value measurement provisions as
required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure Topic of the Codification, as it relates to
the measurement of nonfinancial assets and liabilities on a non-recurring basis. The adoption of
these provisions did not have an impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted enhanced disclosures about how and why we use
derivative instruments, how they are accounted for, and how they affect our financial performance
as required by the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Codification.
Effective June 30, 2009, the Company adopted the subsequent event provisions of the
Codification. These provisions provide guidance on managements assessment of subsequent events.
The adoption of these provisions did not have an impact on the Companys Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Effective January 1, 2010 the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2010-06,
Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements. The ASU amends FASB Codification Topic 820,
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, and requires additional disclosures regarding fair value
measurements.
Note 3 Convertible Debentures
2007
On September 26, 2007 and October 31, 2007, the Company issued convertible debentures in a
private placement offering that bear interest at 8 percent per annum and have a term of three
years. The convertible debentures are convertible into the Companys common stock at $0.20 per
share during their term and at maturity, at the Companys option, may be repaid in full or
converted into common stock at the lower of $0.20 per share or the average trading price for the 10
days immediately prior to the maturity date on September 26, 2010 and October 31, 2010. The
Company intends to convert the remaining debentures upon maturity. The Company also issued warrants
to purchase shares of the Companys common stock at $0.30 per share in the private placement
offering.
All warrants issued in the offering were subsequently redeemed by the Company in fiscal 2009.
As of June 30, 2010 all amounts are classified as current and all amounts are due in
fiscal 2011. Details of the issuances are in the table below:
F-15
Table of Contents
Discount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Face | Amortized at | Net Value at | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Value | Debt | Face Value | Discount | June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
Date Issued | Issued | Discount | Converted | Converted | 2010 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
September 26, 2007 |
$ | 1,075,000 | $ | (937,510 | ) | $ | (400,000 | ) | $ | 231,415 | $ | 566,332 | $ | 535,237 | ||||||||||
October 31, 2007 |
415,000 | (378,235 | ) | (165,000 | ) | 129,078 | 166,281 | 167,124 | ||||||||||||||||
Totals |
$ | 1,490,000 | $ | (1,315,745 | ) | $ | (565,000 | ) | $ | 360,493 | $ | 732,613 | $ | 702,361 | ||||||||||
As of June 30, 2010 the convertible debentures are convertible into 4,625,000 shares with a
value as of June 30, 2010 of $2,358,750 which exceeds the principal value by $1,433,750. Prior to
conversion or repayment of the convertible debentures, if (i) the Company fails to remain subject
to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act for a period of at least 45 consecutive days,
(ii) the Company fails to materially comply with the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act
for a period of 45 consecutive days, (iii) the Companys common stock is no longer quoted on the
Over the Counter Bulletin Board or listed or quoted on a securities exchange, or (iv) a Change of
Control (as defined in the convertible debentures) is consummated, the Company will be required
upon the election of the holder to redeem the convertible debentures in an amount equal to 150
percent of the principal amount of the convertible debenture plus any accrued or unpaid interest.
F-16
Table of Contents
The Company determined that the conversion option in the convertible debentures did not
satisfy the definition of being indexed to its own stock, as an anti-dilution provision in the
convertible debentures reduces the conversion price dollar for dollar if the Company issues common
stock with a price lower than the conversion price of the convertible debentures. Based on
authoritative guidance effective on July 1, 2009 the embedded conversion option in the convertible
debentures was a liability as of July 1, 2009. The Company has bifurcated the embedded conversion
option from the host contract and accounted for this feature as a separate derivative liability.
The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle was recognized as an adjustment to
accumulated deficit of $2,728,146.
In addition, $448,619 was reclassified from additional paid-in
capital to derivative liabilities.
As of June 30, 2010 the embedded conversion option estimated to be
$1,444,331 is reflected in short-term derivative liabilities on the accompanying consolidated
balance sheet.
In addition, the Company has reviewed the terms of the convertible debentures to determine
whether there are any other embedded derivative instruments that may be required to be bifurcated
and accounted for separately as derivative instrument liabilities. Certain events of default
associated with the convertible debentures, including the holders right to demand redemption in
certain circumstances, have risks and rewards that are not clearly and closely associated with the
risks and rewards of the debt instruments in which they are embedded. The Company has reviewed
these embedded derivative instruments to determine whether they should be separated from the
convertible debentures. However, at this time, the Company has determined that the value of these
derivative instrument liabilities is not material.
The Company allocated the proceeds received in the private placement to the convertible
debentures and warrants to purchase common stock based on their relative estimated fair values. The
Company allocated $661,629 to the embedded derivative, which was recorded as a liability, and
$578,185 to the common stock warrants, which were recorded in additional paid-in-capital. The
discount from the face amount of the convertible debentures represented by the value initially
assigned to any associated warrants is amortized over the period to the due date of each
convertible debenture, using the effective interest method.
Effective
interest associated with the convertible debentures totaled $717,370 and $447,932
for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Effective interest is accreted to
the balance of convertible debt until maturity. Simple interest paid totaled $86,437 and $104,222
for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. A total of $256,568 was paid for
commissions and expenses incurred in the 2007 private placement offering which is being amortized
into interest expenses over the term of the convertible debentures on a straight-line basis. As of
June 30, 2010 the Company has recorded accumulated amortization of 2007 deferred offering costs of
$214,186.
2009
Between November 2009 and February 2010, the Company issued convertible debentures with an
aggregate principal amount of $4,995,000 that bear interest at 8 percent per annum and have a term
of two years. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2010, these amounts are recorded as long-term convertible
debt on the accompanying balance sheet. The Company received aggregate net cash proceeds of
$4,035,687,after deducting placement fees of $464,313 and taking into account the conversion of an
outstanding note payable as described below. The convertible debentures are convertible into the
Companys common stock at $0.20 per share during their term. Subject to meeting certain equity
conditions, the Company has the option to redeem the outstanding principal plus accrued interest
for cash at any time during the term of the debentures. In conjunction with these convertible
debentures the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 14,997,449 shares of the
Companys common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share and warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 2,035,860 shares of the Companys common stock with an exercise price of $0.20 per
share. In addition, a note payable to a related party in the amount of $500,000 was converted to a
convertible debenture. Details of the issuances are in the table below:
Discount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Face | Amortized at | Net Value at | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Value | Debt | Face Value | Discount | June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
Date Issued | Issued | Discount | Converted | Converted | 2010 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
November 18, 2009 |
$ | 246,896 | $ | (246,896 | ) | $ | (79,940 | ) | $ | 74,374 | $ | 4,804 | $ | (762 | ) | |||||||||
December 11, 2009 |
874,125 | (874,125 | ) | (149,900 | ) | 148,704 | 20,188 | 18,992 | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2009 |
254,745 | (254,745 | ) | | 6,799 | 6,799 | ||||||||||||||||||
January 20, 2010 |
1,255,743 | (1,255,743 | ) | | 36,380 | 36,380 | ||||||||||||||||||
February 4, 2010 |
1,849,149 | (1,849,149 | ) | (119,880 | ) | 119,232 | 45,183 | 44,535 | ||||||||||||||||
February 25, 2010 |
514,342 | (514,342 | ) | | | 15,070 | 15,070 | |||||||||||||||||
Totals |
$ | 4,995,000 | $ | (4,995,000 | ) | $ | (349,720 | ) | $ | 342,310 | $ | 128,424 | $ | 121,014 | ||||||||||
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Table of Contents
As of June 30, 2010 the convertible debentures are convertible into an aggregate of 23,226,400
shares with a value as of June 30, 2010 of $11,845,464 which exceeds the principal value by
$7,200,184. Prior to conversion or repayment of the convertible debentures, if (i) the Companys
reporting requirements under the Exchange Act are suspended or terminated, (ii) the Companys
common stock is no longer quoted on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board or listed or quoted on a
securities exchange, (iii) at any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary
of the date the debenture was issued and ending at such time that all of the shares of common stock
issuable upon conversion of that debenture may be sold without the requirement for the Company to
be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to
Rule 144, if the Company shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information
requirement under Rule 144(c) or (iv) a change of control is consummated, the Company will be
required upon the election of the holder to redeem that holders convertible debenture in an amount
equal to 130 percent of the principal amount of the convertible debenture plus any accrued or
unpaid interest.
The Company determined that the convertible debentures did not satisfy the definition of a
conventional convertible instrument, as an anti-dilution provision in the convertible debentures
reduces the conversion price dollar for dollar if the Company issues common stock with a price
lower than the conversion price of the convertible debentures, subject to specified exceptions.
Based on authoritative guidance effective on July 1, 2009 the Company has concluded that the
embedded conversion option in the convertible debentures is required to be bifurcated from the host
contract and accounted for this feature as a separate derivative liability, at fair value, in its
financial statements. In addition, the Company has determined that the warrants issued in
conjunction with the convertible debentures are required to be carried as derivative liabilities,
at fair value, in its financial statements, due to certain anti-dilution provisions.
In addition, the Company has reviewed the terms of the convertible debentures to determine
whether there are any other embedded derivative instruments that may be required to be bifurcated
and accounted for separately as derivative instrument liabilities. Certain events of default
associated with the convertible debentures, including the holders right to demand redemption in
certain circumstances, have risks and rewards that are not clearly and closely associated with the
risks and rewards of the debt instruments in which they are embedded. The Company has reviewed
these embedded derivative instruments to determine whether they should be separated from the
convertible debentures. However, at this time, the Company has determined that the value of these
derivative instrument liabilities is not material.
The Company allocated the proceeds received in the private placements to the embedded
derivative and warrants based on their estimated fair values. As a result, the Company recorded
$6,022,300 to the embedded derivative and $4,752,789 to the warrants, which were recorded as
liabilities. The discount from the face amount of the convertible debentures represented by the
value initially assigned to any associated warrants and embedded derivative is amortized over the
period from the date of issuance to the due date of each convertible debenture, using the effective
interest method. As the total discount exceeded the face value of the
debt by $5,105,742 the
Company recorded interest expense of $5,105,742 and recorded deferred offering costs related to placement
agent warrants of $674,347.
The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation technique, adjusted for the
effects of dilution using trading market values of between $0.21 and $0.38, a term of 5 years,
volatility of between 146% and 161%, risk free rates of between 2.21% and 2.69% and a dividend
yield of zero. The embedded derivatives were valued using a Lattice model using trading market
values of between $0.21 and $0.38, a term of 2 years, volatility of between 159% and 162%, risk
free rates of between .77% and 1.14% and a dividend yield of zero. In addition, the Company
estimated the probability of new issuances below $0.20 using the Black-Scholes Merton model. As
of June 30, 2010, the embedded conversion option is estimated to be $6,550,035 and is recorded in
long-term liabilities.
Effective
interest associated with the convertible debentures totaled $470,734 for the year
ended June 30, 2010. In addition, the Company recorded $5,094,905 of interest expense for the year
ended June 30, 2010 due to excess fair value of the derivative liabilities in excess of proceeds
received. Effective interest is accreted to the balance of convertible debt until maturity. Simple
interest paid was $78,908 for the year ended June 30, 2010. The Company incurred an aggregate of
$1,138,660 in commissions and expenses in connection with the 2009 private placement offerings,
$464,313 of which was paid in cash and the balance of which was reflected in the issuance of
warrants with a fair market value of $674,347. The $1,138,660 in commissions and expenses is being
amortized into interest expense over the term of the convertible debentures. As of June 30, 2010
the Company has recorded accumulated amortization of deferred offering costs of $311,235.
F-18
Table of Contents
Note 4 Capital Leases
As of June 30, 2010 the Company purchased the assets acquired under a capital lease. As of
June 30, 2009 the present value of net minimum lease payments under the capital lease was $41,490.
Note 5 Line of Credit
The Company established a line of credit to borrow up to 80% of cash and marketable securities
up to $580,000. The line is collateralized by the Companys cash and marketable securities. The
interest rate charged through June 30, 2010, 3.00 percent, is 0.25 percentage points below the
published Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, which was 3.25 percent as of June 30, 2010. As of June
30, 2010, the Company has borrowed $433,985 including accrued interest from the line.
Note 6 Stockholders Equity
During the year ended June 30, 2010, the Company issued common stock and warrants in a private
offering, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of $904,283. The Company sold
to participants in the offering an aggregate of 2,583,668 shares of common stock and warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 516,724 shares of common stock. These warrants are exercisable for a
period of five years from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.50 per share. During the
year ended June 30, 2010 the Company issued 2,848,600 shares of common stock as a result of
conversions of convertible debentures, 809,453 shares of common stock as a result of the exercise
of options and warrants and 1,284,500 shares of common stock for services.
The Company granted to certain of its distributors 1,160,000 shares of restricted stock that
are subject to vesting based on continuing service for the Company. The shares of restricted stock
are also subject to restrictions on assignment and transfer. The share grants were in payment for
commitments made in fiscal 2009. The Company recorded an expense of $320,000 associated with this
issuance.
In March and April of 2009 the Company issued and sold to accredited investors an aggregate of
17,500,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase the same number of shares of common
stock. The offering occurred in three closings:
| March 16, 2009: The issuance of 3,925,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 3,925,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $785,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $78,500. | ||
| March 26, 2009: The issuance of 9,115,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 9,115,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $1,823,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $182,300. | ||
| April 6, 2009: The issuance of 4,460,000 shares of common stock of the Company at a purchase price of $0.20 per share and warrants exercisable for 4,460,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Gross proceeds received amounted to $892,000. Total cash fees for this offering were $39,200. |
The Companys Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of preferred shares. However,
as of June 30, 2010, none have been issued nor have any rights or preferences been assigned to the
preferred shares by the Companys Board of Directors.
Note 7 Stock Option Grants and Warrants
Stock Option Grants In accordance with accounting guidance on stock based
compensation, payments in equity instruments for goods or services are accounted for by the fair
value method. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, stock based compensation of
$2,659,915 and $1,454,249 respectively, was reflected as an increase to additional paid in capital.
Of the $2,659,915 stock based compensation for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010, $1,131,657 was
employee related and $1,528,258 was non-employee related. Of the $1,454,249 stock based
compensation for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, $824,974 was employee related and $629,275
was non-employee related. As of June 30, 2010 the unrecognized expense for the options and warrants
outstanding is $148,233.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, the Company granted warrants and options to
consultants for services rendered, In accordance with accounting guidance on stock compensation,
payments in equity instruments to non-employees for goods or services are accounted for by the fair
value method, which relies on the valuation of the service at the date of the transaction, or
public stock sales price, whichever is more reliable as a measurement.
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Table of Contents
The Company granted stock options to various employees, directors and independent distributors
of the Company during the year ended June 30, 2010. The options granted the right to purchase
shares of the Companys common stock at prices between $0.25 and $0.70 per share. The Company
granted options to purchase shares of the Companys common stock during the year ended June 30,
2009 at prices between $0.21 and $0.75 per share. The options are not transferable and expire on
various dates through June 9, 2020.
The following is a summary of stock option activity for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
Weighted | Weighted | |||||||||||
Average | Average Remaining | |||||||||||
Options | Exercise Price | Contractual Term | ||||||||||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2008 |
3,397,116 | $ | 0.45 | 9.22 | ||||||||
Granted |
5,652,000 | $ | 0.62 | 9.73 | ||||||||
Exercised |
(15,000 | ) | $ | 0.21 | 8.37 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(601,693 | ) | $ | 0.57 | | |||||||
Expired or Cancelled |
(24,000 | ) | $ | 3.37 | | |||||||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2009 |
8,408,423 | $ | 0.55 | 9.23 | ||||||||
Granted |
1,840,001 | $ | 0.42 | 9.34 | ||||||||
Exercised |
(35,000 | ) | $ | 0.21 | 7.37 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(1,517,693 | ) | $ | 0.65 | | |||||||
Expired or Cancelled |
(160,000 | ) | $ | 0.75 | 8.85 | |||||||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2010 |
8,535,731 | $ | 0.50 | 8.39 | ||||||||
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Table of Contents
Warrants At June 30, 2010, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 38,580,294 shares
of the Companys common stock were outstanding. The warrants granted during year ended June 30,
2010 are at exercise prices ranging between $0.20 and $0.50 with a weighted average exercise price
of $0.46 and expiration dates ranging from March 31, 2012 to February 4, 2015.
At June 30, 2009, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 22,452,644 shares of the Companys
common stock were outstanding. The warrants granted during year ended June 30, 2009 are at exercise
prices ranging between $0.11 and $0.50 with a weighted average exercise price of $0.49 and
expiration dates ranging from September 19, 2011 to June 30, 2012.
Warrants to purchase 820,000 shares of the Companys common stock were granted to various
consultants for science, public relations, network marketing and advertising services rendered to
the Company during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009.
The following is a summary of the warrants granted for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
Warrants | ||||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2008 |
11,275,080 | |||
Granted |
20,790,128 | |||
Cancelled |
| |||
Exercised |
(9,128,564 | ) | ||
Expired |
(484,000 | ) | ||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2009 |
22,452,644 | |||
Granted |
18,961,602 | |||
Cancelled |
(1,537,858 | ) | ||
Exercised |
(832,864 | ) | ||
Expired |
(463,230 | ) | ||
Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2010 |
38,580,294 | |||
As of June 30, 2010 the Company has classified 17,500,000 warrants issued in conjunction with the
2009 private placement of common stock as a long-term derivative liability. The Company has
estimated the fair value of the liability at June 30, 2010 as $3,888,890 using the Black-Scholes
Merton model with the following assumptions:
1) | risk free rate of 0.61 percent; | ||
2) | dividend yield of -0- percent in fiscal; | ||
3) | expected life of 1.74 to 1.79 years; | ||
4) | a volatility factor of the expected market price of the Companys common stock of between 150 and 155 percent. |
As of June 30, 2010 the Company has classified 17,010,862 warrants issued in conjunction with the
2009 and 2010 convertible debentures as a long-term derivative liability. The Company has
estimated the fair value of the liability at June 30, 2010 as $6,684,195 using the Black-Scholes
Merton model with the following assumptions:
1) | risk free rate of 1.79 percent; | ||
2) | dividend yield of -0- percent in fiscal; | ||
3) | expected life of 4.44 to 4.73 years; | ||
4) | a volatility factor of the expected market price of the Companys common stock of 144 percent. |
F-21
Table of Contents
Note 9 Income Taxes
As of June 30, 2010, the Company had a net operating loss (NOL) carry-forward of
approximately $14,900,000. As of June 30, 2009, the Company had a net operating loss (NOL)
carry-forward of approximately $14,500,000. The NOL may be offset against future taxable income, if
any, through the year ended June 30, 2030. A portion of the net operating loss carryforward begins
to expire in 2011, is subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service, and may be subject to U.S.
Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations. The income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended
June 30 consists of the following:
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Current taxes |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Deferred taxes |
(965,000 | ) | (2,444,000 | ) | ||||
Less: valuation allowance |
965,000 | 2,444,000 | ||||||
Net income tax provision (benefit) |
$ | | $ | | ||||
The effective income tax rate for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 differs from the U.S.
Federal statutory income tax rate due to the following:
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Federal statutory income tax rate |
(34.00 | %) | (34.00 | %) | ||||
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |
(3.41 | %) | (3.06 | %) | ||||
Tax return to provision true-up |
(0.26 | %) | 1.97 | % | ||||
Permanent differences: |
||||||||
interest on convertible debt |
19.60 | % | 1.46 | % | ||||
change in derivative liability |
4.86 | % | 3.30 | % | ||||
stock option compensation |
3.59 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||
other |
0.18 | % | 0.20 | % | ||||
Increase/(Decrease) in valuation allowance |
9.44 | % | 26.63 | % | ||||
Net income tax provision (benefit) |
| | ||||||
The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 are as
follows:
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets: |
||||||||
Federal and state net operating loss carryovers |
$ | 5,677,000 | $ | 5,366,000 | ||||
Research and Development Tax Credits |
25,000 | | ||||||
Contribution carryover |
2,000 | 1,400 | ||||||
Deferred debt offering costs |
51,000 | 300 | ||||||
Stock option compensation |
849,000 | 381,000 | ||||||
Property & Equipment |
20,000 | | ||||||
Accrued vacation & allowance for returns |
175,000 | 71,000 | ||||||
Deferred tax asset |
$ | 6,799,000 | $ | 5,819,700 | ||||
Deferred liabilities |
| (3,700 | ) | |||||
Patents and trademarks |
(637,000 | ) | (685,000 | ) | ||||
Change in tax accounting methods |
(54,000 | ) | | |||||
Property & equipment |
| (38,000 | ) | |||||
Total deferred liabilities |
$ | (691,000 | ) | $ | (726,700 | ) | ||
Net deferred tax asset |
6,108,000 | 5,093,000 | ||||||
Less: valuation allowance |
(6,108,000 | ) | (5,093,000 | ) | ||||
Deferred tax liability |
$ | | $ | | ||||
The Company has provided a valuation allowance for the deferred tax asset at June 30, 2010, as
it is unlikely that the realization of the tax benefit of the net operating loss carryforward will
be utilized in the foreseeable future. The valuation allowance increased by
approximately
$1,015,000 for the year ended June 30, 2010 and the valuation allowance increased by approximately
$2,444,000 for the year ended June 30, 2009.
F-22
Table of Contents
The Company has adopted accounting guidance for uncertain tax positions which provides that in
order to recognize an uncertain tax benefit, the taxpayer must be more likely than not of
sustaining the position, and the measurement of the benefit is calculated as the largest amount
that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon recognition of the benefit. We believe the Company
has no material uncertain tax positions and have fully reserved against the Companys future tax
benefit with a valuation allowance and do not expect significant changes in the amount of
unrecognized tax benefits that may occur within the next twelve months. Accordingly, we have not
reserved for interest or penalties. The tax years open for examination by the Internal Revenue
Service include returns for fiscal years June 30, 2006, 2007 and 2008 and the open tax years by
state tax authorities include returns for fiscal years June 30, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008.
Note 10- Related Parties
During the year ended June 30, 2010 one of the Companys board members earned $224,192 under a
consulting agreement which expired in June 2010. The Company paid the board member $150,778 during
the year and as of June 30, 2010 owed the remaining $73,414. During the year ended June 30, 2009
the Company paid the board member $90,000 under a consulting agreement.
During the year ended June 30, 2010 one of the Companys investors made a bridge loan to the
Company for $500,000 at 3% per month interest. Subsequent to making the loan the investor became a
board member and the principal was converted to convertible debt as part of and under the same
terms as the debenture issuance which closed in February 2010. The accrued interest was repaid in
cash at that time.
During the year ended June 30, 2010 two of the Companys board members each made a bridge loan
to the Company for $100,000 plus 10% interest per annum. The loans were repaid in February 2010.
Note 11 Commitments
Corporate Office
On July 31, 2008 the Company entered a five (5) year lease in San Diego, California. Pursuant
to the agreement regarding the San Diego lease, we prepaid rent of $7,850. Monthly rent payments
began July 1, 2008 and are as follows: $7,850 for July 2008; rent is abated during the months of
August, September and October 2008, $7,850 per month from November 2008 through June 2009; $8,125
per month from July 2009 through June 2010; $8,409 per month from July 2010 through June 2011;
$8,703 per month from July 2011 through June 2012; and $9,008 per month from July 2012 through June
2013.
In March 2009 the Company entered into a thirty nine (39) month sublease in South Jordan,
Utah. Pursuant to the agreement, we prepaid rent of $17,256. Monthly rent payments of $17,256 began
March 1, 2009 and are as follows: $17,256 per month from March 2009 through February 2010; $17,773
per month from March 2010 through February 2011; $18,306 per month from March 2011 through February
2012; and $18,855 per month from March 2012 through May 31, 2012.
Rent expense totaled $333,220 and $203,693 for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009
respectively.
Future minimum lease payments under the non-cancelable leases are as follows:
Year ending June 30, |
||||
2011 |
$ | 316,318 | ||
2012 |
305,809 | |||
2013 |
108,094 | |||
Total future minimum Lease payments |
$ | 730,221 | ||
F-23
Table of Contents
Other Commitments
The Company has made commitments to pay legal fees for several distributors and employees
involved in the Zrii lawsuit. As of June 30, 2009, the legal fees incurred on behalf of
distributors and employees were approximately $1,305,569, $786,154 for distributors and $519,415
for employees. In June 2010 final payments were made to the law firms owed from the commitments
made in connection with the Zrii lawsuit.
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||
Less than | ||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | ||||||||||||
Convertible Debt Obligations (subject to conversion to
common stock) |
5,570,280 | 925,000 | 4,645,280 | |||||||||||||
Operating Lease Obligations |
730,221 | 316,318 | 305,809 | 108,094 | ||||||||||||
Revolving
line of Credit |
433,985 | 433,985 | | | ||||||||||||
Total |
6,734,486 | 1,675,303 | 4,951,089 | 108,094 |
Note 12 Interim Financial Results (Unaudited)
The following summarizes selected quarterly financial information for quarterly periods during
the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
LIFEVANTAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED QUARTERLY RESULTS
(in 000s except per share data)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED QUARTERLY RESULTS
(in 000s except per share data)
Year | ||||||||||||||||||||
Quarter | ended | |||||||||||||||||||
Year ended June 30, 2010 | First | Second | Third | Fourth | June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||||||
Sales, net |
$ | 1,858 | $ | 2,456 | $ | 2,724 | $ | 4,441 | $ | 11,479 | ||||||||||
Gross profit |
1,545 | 2,044 | 2,276 | 3,707 | $ | 9,572 | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 2,865 | $ | (681 | ) | $ | (8,249 | ) | $ | (4,983 | ) | $ | (11,048 | ) | ||||||
Per common share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Loss per share, basic and diluted |
$ | 0.05 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.14 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.19 | ) |
Year | ||||||||||||||||||||
Quarter | ended | |||||||||||||||||||
Year ended June 30, 2009 | First | Second | Third | Fourth | June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||
Sales, net |
$ | 1,274 | $ | 578 | $ | 655 | $ | 1,634 | $ | 4,141 | ||||||||||
Gross profit |
1,038 | 451 | 530 | 1,270 | 3,289 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (131 | ) | $ | (566 | ) | $ | (3,100 | ) | $ | (5,317 | ) | $ | (9,114 | ) | |||||
Per common share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Loss per share, basic and diluted |
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.23 | ) |
Note 13 Subsequent Events
The Company has issued 2,247,825 shares of common stock between July 1, 2010 and August 31,
2010 due to conversions of convertible debentures.
Note 14 Litigation
On February 27, 2009, Zrii, LLC (Zrii) filed a complaint against the Company and two former
Zrii independent contractors in the United States District Court for the Southern District of
California. The Companys Lawsuit with Zrii, LLC was completely and permanently settled on December
18, 2009. On that day, the Company and Zrii, LLC executed a Settlement Agreement which, among other
things, (1) released all claims which each party, including associated individuals, of each, had
against one another (2) provided for the dismissal with prejudice of the Lawsuit and (3) called for
the payment of $400,000 by the Company to Zrii, LLC. That
payment was timely made on December 18, 2009. The Stipulation of Dismissal of the Lawsuit was
filed with the Court on December 18, 2009. The Order of Dismissal with Prejudice was entered on
December 21, 2009.
F-24