LIGHTPATH TECHNOLOGIES INC - Annual Report: 2014 (Form 10-K)

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014

OR

¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 000-27548

LIGHTPATH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value

Series D Participating Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES ¨ NO x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES ¨ NO x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES x    NO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES x    NO ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “non-accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check One):

Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company, (as defined in Rule 12b-2 in the Exchange Act). YES ¨   NO x.

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting stock held by non-affiliates (based on the closing sale price of the registrant’s Common Stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market, and for the purpose of this computation only, on the assumption that all of the registrant’s directors and officers are affiliates as well as two parties filing on Form SC 13-G) was approximately $13,335,091 as of December 31, 2013.

As of September 1, 2014, the number of shares of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock outstanding was 14,296,910.

LightPath Technologies, Inc.

Form 10-K

Table of Contents

CAUTIONARY NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements and information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, projections, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are not statements of historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue,” or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on us. While management believes that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made, there can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we anticipate. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements represent management’s beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should read this Annual Report on Form 10-K completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

PART I

Item 1.    Business.

General 

LightPath Technologies, Inc. (“LightPath”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) manufactures optical components and higher level assemblies including precision molded glass aspheric optics, proprietary high performance fiber-optic collimators, GRADIUM glass lenses and other optical materials used to produce products that manipulate light.  We design, develop, manufacture and distribute optical components and assemblies utilizing advanced optical manufacturing processes. Our products are incorporated into a variety of applications by our customers in many industries, including defense products, medical devices, laser aided industrial tools, automotive safety applications, barcode scanners, optical data storage, hybrid fiber coax datacom, telecom, machine vision and sensors, among others. All the products that we produce enable lasers and imaging devices to function more effectively.  For example:

In November 2005, we formed LightPath Optical Instrumentation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd (“LPOI”), a wholly-owned manufacturing subsidiary, located in Jiading, People’s Republic of China. The manufacturing operations are housed in a 16,000 square foot facility located in the Jiading Industrial Zone near Shanghai.  This plant increased our overall production capacity, enabled LightPath to compete for larger production volumes of optical components and assemblies, and strengthened our partnerships within the Asia/Pacific region.

In December 2013, we formed LightPath Optical Instrumentation (Zhenjiang) Co., Ltd. (“LPOIZ”), a wholly-owned subsidiary that is housed in a 25,833 square foot leased manufacturing facility located in the New City district, in the Jiangsu province, of the People’s Republic of China. Production started at LPOIZ’s new manufacturing facility in April 2014. This new facility will provide a lower cost structure for production of larger volumes of optical components and assemblies.

We also believe the glass aspheres and infrared systems product markets provide significant growth opportunities over the next several years. We have targeted specific applications in each of these areas: laser tools, gun sights, biomedical instruments and telecommunication subsystems for the glass aspheres market; laser line generators, industrial tools, optical cutting/welding, scientific lasers, semiconductors metrology systems and telecommunication subsystems for the specialty optics market; and thermal imaging, security cameras, thermography, gas sensing and defense targeting and tracking for the infrared optics market.  Within the larger overall markets which are estimated to be in the multi-billions of dollars, we believe there is a market of approximately $450 million for our current products and capabilities.

Given these specific markets and applications, our strategy is to leverage our technology, know-how, established low cost manufacturing capability and partnerships to grow our business.

We plan to accomplish this growth by:

Precision Molded Aspheric Lenses. Aspheric lenses are known for their optimal performance. LightPath’s glass molding technology enables the production of high volumes of aspheric optics while still maintaining the highest quality at an affordable price. Molding is the most consistent and economical way to produce aspheres in large volumes. LightPath has perfected this method to offer the most precise molded aspheric lens available.

In recent years, sales of our precision molded optic lenses have increased. We expect this continued growth due to what we believe is the beginning of a multi-year growth cycle of the optical market. This multi-year growth cycle is driven by four major trends: cloud computing; video distribution via digital technology; wireless broadband; and machine to machine connection. Cloud computing is causing a shift in enterprise technology with increased spending for software-as-a-service (“SAAS”) and infrastructure-as-a-service (“IAAS”) capital investments. Delivery of applications and technology using SAAS or IAAS requires larger and faster network bandwidth. The explosion of mobile devices, which includes smartphones and tablet devices, is also requiring the expansion of network bandwidth as users are receiving and transferring larger amounts of data via their mobile devices. The number of mobile devices will exceed the global population by 2016 and is estimated to be 1.4 devices per person. Individuals are also streaming more video on their mobile devices or through their smart TVs. This type of video distribution, which is estimated to be 70% of all network traffic by 2016, is creating a huge demand for larger and faster bandwidth. Finally, machine to machine connection technology allows wireless and wired systems to communicate with other devices of the same type. This type of networking often requires bandwidth in order for the machines to communicate with each other. All of these trends require the expansion of bandwidth, and thus, the growth of optical communication networks. Our products, such as our precision molded optic lenses, can be used as a component in optical communication networks. We also anticipate growth in our precision molded aspheres product revenues as we add new product lenses and applications for a variety of markets and industries, including laser tools, telecom transceivers, micro-projectors, scientific and bench top lasers, range finders, medical devices, bar code scanners and laser based spectrometers.

Infrared Molded Glass Aspheric Lenses & Assemblies. Advances in chalcogenide materials have enabled compression molding for mid- and long-wavelength infrared (MWIR & LWIR) optics in a process similar to precision molded lenses. LightPath’s Molded Infrared Optics technology enables high performance, cost-effective infrared aspheric lenses that do not rely on traditional diamond turning or lengthy polishing methods. Utilizing precision molded aspheric optics significantly reduces the number of lenses required for typical thermal imaging systems and the cost to manufacture these lenses. Traditional germanium or zinc selenide aspheres are manufactured by diamond turning, which is a time-consuming and expensive process. Diamond turned lenses are made one at a time and the lenses suffer from variations in the surface resulting in variations of performance from lens to lens. The infrared optics molding process allows lenses to be manufactured in high volume with a highly repeatable, consistent performance and allows for sophisticated beam shaping or achromatization over a range of wavelengths to be molded directly into the surfaces of the lens.

Overall, we anticipate the growth of infrared optics and increased requirements for systems requiring molded aspheric optics over traditional ground and polished lenses.  Infrared systems, which include thermal imaging cameras, gas sensing devices, spectrometers, night vision systems, automotive driver awareness systems such as blind spot detection, thermal weapon gun sights and infrared counter measure systems, represent a market that is forecasted to grow to greater than $20 billion at the complete systems level by 2016. As infrared imaging systems become widely available, the cost of optical components needs to decrease before the market demand will increase.  LightPath’s aspheric molding process is an enabling technology for the cost reduction and commercialization of infrared imaging systems because the aspheric shape of our lenses enables system designers to reduce the lens element in a system and provide similar performance at a lower cost.

Specialty Products & Assemblies.  LightPath has a group of products that take advantage of our unique technologies and capabilities. These include custom optical designs, mounted lenses, assemblies, collimators and GRADIUM lenses.

Collimators. We are specifically targeting and selling high power collimators in diverse markets such as fiber laser systems, Nd:YAG laser cutting and welding systems and communications systems. Our collimator products provide higher performance in back reflection and insertion loss and can withstand in excess of ten watts of optical power. Customers have passively tested our collimators to over 100 watts in the forward direction. The process to manufacture these collimators uses patented laser fusion technologies and robotics. These products may incorporate aspheric molded optics and GRADIUM lenses.

GRADIUM Lenses.  We developed GRADIUM glass as an optical quality glass material with axially varying refractive index, capable of reducing optical aberrations inherent in conventional lenses and performing with a single lens tasks traditionally performed by multi-element, conventional lens systems. Typical applications include surgical lasers, high power YAG lasers for welding, cutting and marking, defense-market uses, and test and measurement. GRADIUM has a unique capability to handle up to 10 kilowatts of power and is servicing a niche market for laser high-power cutting and laser welding.  

Optical Assemblies.  We produce optical assemblies based on our proprietary technologies. We design, build and sell optical assemblies into markets for test and measurement, medical devices, military, industrial and communications. Many of our assemblies consist of several products that LightPath manufactures.  

Sales and Marketing

Extensive product diversity and varying levels of product maturity characterize the optics industry. Product markets range from consumer (e.g., cameras, copiers) to industrial (e.g., lasers, data storage, infrared imaging), from products where the lenses are the central feature (e.g., telescopes, microscopes, lens systems) to products incorporating lens components (e.g., robotics, semiconductor production equipment) and communications (e.g., various optics are required for bandwidth expansion and improved data transfer for the optical network). As a result, we market our products across a wide variety of customer groups including laser systems manufacturers, laser OEMs, infrared-imaging systems vendors, industrial laser tool manufacturers, telecommunications equipment manufacturers, medical and industrial measurement equipment manufacturers, government defense agencies and research institutions worldwide.

Sales Organization   We have regional sales forces that market and sell our products directly to customers in North America and China.  We also have a master distributor in Europe. We have formalized relationships with fifteen industrial, laser, and optoelectronics distributors and channel partners located in the United States and foreign countries to assist in the distribution of our products in highly specific target markets and have reseller arrangements with the top three product catalogs in the optics and opto-electronics market.  In addition, we also maintain our own product catalog and internet website (www.lightpath.com) as vehicles for broader promotion of our products. We make use of print media advertisements in various trade magazines and participate in appropriate domestic and foreign trade shows.

All of our partners work diligently to expand opportunities in emerging geographic markets and through alternate channels of distribution. We believe that we provide a high level of support in developing and maintaining our long-term relationships with our customers. Customer service and support are provided through our offices and those of our partners that are located throughout the world.

Trade Shows.  We display our product line additions and enhancements at one or more trade shows each year. For example, we participated in several United States based shows including Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers (“SPIE”) Photonics West in January 2014 and SPIE Defense, Security and Sensing in May 2014. We also participate in shows in China such as the China International Optoelectronic Exposition in Shenzhen.  In addition, we partner with key distributors to attend exhibitions such as Laser World of Photonics in Munich, Germany.  Such a strategy underscores LightPath’s strategic directive of broadening our base of innovative optical components and assemblies. These trade shows provide an opportunity to meet with and enhance existing business relationships, meet and develop potential customers, and to distribute information and samples regarding our products.

Competition

The market for optical components generally is highly competitive and highly fragmented. We compete with manufacturers of conventional spherical lenses and optical components, providers of aspheric lenses and optical components and producers of optical quality glass. To a lesser extent, we compete with developers of specialty optical components and assemblies. Many of these competitors have greater financial, manufacturing, marketing and other resources than we do.

We believe our unique capabilities in optical design engineering, our low cost structure and our substantial presence in Asia, particularly in China, provides us with a competitive edge and assists us in securing business. Additionally, we believe that we offer value to some customers as a second or backup source of supply in the United States should they be unwilling to commit all of their supply source of a critical component to a foreign production source. We also have a broad product offering in addition to the molded aspheric lenses with proprietary GRADIUM lens glass, collimators, infrared lenses and assembly technology.

Precision Molded Aspheric Lenses.  Manufacturers of conventional lenses and optical components include companies such Nikon, Olympus Optical Company, Carl Zeiss and Leica AG. Our products compete with these companies’ products. In addition to being substantial producers of optical components, these companies are also some of the primary customers for such components, incorporating them into finished products for sale to end-users. Consequently, these competitors have significant control over certain markets for our products.

Aspheric lenses that improve the shortcomings of conventional lenses significantly compete with our molded glass aspheric lenses. Aspheric lens system manufacturers include Panasonic, ALP’s, Hoya Corporation, as well as newer competitors from China and Taiwan such as E-pin Optical Industry Co. and Kinik Company. The use of aspheric surfaces provides the optical designer with a powerful tool in correcting spherical aberrations and enhancing performance in state-of-the-art optical products.  However, we believe that our optical design expertise and our flexibility in providing custom high performance optical components at a low price are key competitive advantages for us over these competitors.

Plastic molded aspheres and  hybrid plastic/glass aspheric optics, on the other hand, allow for high volume production, but primarily are limited to low cost consumer products that do not place a high demand on performance (such as plastic lenses in disposable or mobile phone cameras). Molded plastic aspheres appear in products that stress cost or weight as their measure of success over performance and durability.   Our low cost structure allows us to compete with these lenses based on higher performance and durability from our glass lenses at only a small premium in price over plastic or plastic/glass hybrid lenses.

Infrared Molded Glass Aspheric Lenses & Assemblies. Our infrared molded aspheric optics competes with traditional infrared lenses manufactured from germanium such as those produced by Janos Technologies, Ophir Optics or Elcan Optical Technologies.  These lenses can either be polished spherical or are diamond turned aspherical.  Our molded lenses compete with spherical lenses because like all aspheres they can replace doublets or triplets based on the higher performance of an aspheric lens.  Diamond turned aspheres from germanium are expensive to produce in high volumes and time consuming to manufacture.  Our molded aspheric lenses compete with these technologies through our low cost, high volume lens business strategy.

Our molded infrared optics competes with products manufactured by Umicore. We believe that our optical design expertise and our flexibility in providing custom high performance infrared optical components are key advantages over Umicore.  A specific advantage over Umicore, a foreign company, is that the infrared market is highly dependent on the United States defense industry, which prefers to purchase from United States based companies such as LightPath.

GRADIUM.  GRADIUM lenses are a well-established technology that has successfully competed in the niche market for high power laser optics.  GRADIUM is derived from unique technology that no other manufacturer possesses to produce lenses in the high power laser optics market.  However, there are other competing technologies such as traditional fused silica doublets and triplets as well as newer large diameter aspheres, such as those manufactured by Asphericon or Edmund Optics.  

Collimators.  LightPath’s collimator line focuses on high performance and high durability fiber optic systems for lasers and optical systems. There are currently only a handful of direct competitors for our collimators, such as Optoskand and Oz Optics. The key difference between our collimators and our competitors’ collimators is our fiber fusion technology.  This fiber fusion technology eliminates the air interface at the tip of a fiber providing a more robust, reliable construction than our competition.

Manufacturing

Facilities. Our manufacturing is performed in a 26,100 square foot production facility in Orlando, Florida, in a 16,000 square foot production facility in Shanghai, by our wholly-owned subsidiary, LPOI, and in a 26,000 square foot production facility in Zhenjiang, by our wholly-owned subsidiary, LPOIZ. With space remaining in the Shanghai, Zhenjiang and Orlando facilities, we believe our facilities are adequate to accommodate our needs over the next year. We are also reviewing our options with respect to the Shanghai facility since our lease terminates in 2016. In evaluating these options, management will consider our growth plans and the extra capacity provided by the new Zhenjiang facility.

Our facilities feature areas for each step of the manufacturing process, including coating work areas, preform manufacturing and a clean room for pressing and integrated assembly. Our facilities include new product development laboratories and space that includes development and metrology equipment. Our Shanghai facility has anti-reflective coating equipment to coat our lenses in-house.

Production and Equipment. Our Orlando facility contains a manufacturing area for our molded glass aspheres, a tooling and machine shop to support new product development, commercial production requirements for our machined parts and the fabrication of proprietary press work stations and mold equipment. We also have glass coring equipment to meet our current needs of GRADIUM product sales worldwide. Our Orlando facility includes a clean room for our collimator assembly workstations. The Orlando facility is also International Traffic in Arms and Regulation (ITAR) compliant. LPOI’s Shanghai facility features a molded glass aspheres manufacturing area, clean room and an area for anti-reflective coating. LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility features a molded glass aspheres manufacturing area and clean room. Our Orlando and Shanghai facilities are ISO 9001:2008 certified, with Zhenjiang expected to be certified by December 2014. For more information regarding our facilities, please see Item 2. Properties, in this Annual Report.

Subcontractors and Strategic Alliances.  We believe that low-cost manufacturing is crucial to our long-term success. In that regard, we generally use subcontractors in our production process to accomplish certain processing steps requiring specialized capabilities. For example, we presently use a number of qualified subcontractors for fabricating, polishing, and coating certain lenses as necessary. We have taken steps to protect our proprietary methods of repeatable high quality manufacturing by patent disclosures and internal trade secret controls.

Suppliers.  We utilize a number of glass compositions in manufacturing our molded glass aspheres and lens array products.  These glasses or equivalents are available from a large number of suppliers, including CDGM Glass Company, Ohara and Sumita. Base optical materials, used in both GRADIUM and collimator products, are manufactured and supplied by a number of optical and glass manufacturers. Optical fiber and collimator housings are manufactured and supplied by a number of manufacturers. We believe that a satisfactory supply of such production materials will continue to be available at reasonable prices, although there can be no assurance in this regard.

We also rely on local and regional vendors for component materials and services such as housings, fixtures, magnets, chemicals and inert gases, specialty ceramics, UV and AR coatings, and other specialty coatings. In addition, certain products require external processing such as anodizing and metallization. To date, we are not dependent on any of these manufacturers and have found a suitable number of qualified vendors and suppliers for these materials and services.

We currently purchase a few key materials from single or limited sources. We believe that a satisfactory supply of production materials will continue to be available at competitive prices, although there can be no assurance in this regard.

Patents and Other Proprietary Intellectual Property

Our policy is to protect our technology by, among other things, patents, trade secret protection, trademarks and copyrights. The products and technologies that we employ use patents that are either owned and maintained by us or licensed to us by others. Patents have been issued, and/or patent applications have been filed, in the areas of glass composition, glass molding, gradient geometries, and certain production processes such as fiber attachment and micro-fabrication. The first of our issued patents expired in 2006; the remainder expire at various times through 2023.

Issued patents owned or available to us may not afford us adequate protection or may be challenged, invalidated, infringed or circumvented. Patent applications relating to our products may not result in patents being issued. Patent rights granted to us for technologies that we may license in the future may not provide competitive advantages to us. Patents that are owned or licensed by us that are issued in one jurisdiction may not be issued in any other jurisdiction. The validity of any of our patents may not be upheld if challenged by others in litigation or if such litigation alleges that our activities infringe upon patents owned by others.

In addition to patent protection, certain process inventions, lens designs and innovations are retained as trade secrets. A key feature of GRADIUM glass is that, once fabricated, it does not reveal our formula upon inspection and, to our knowledge, cannot be reverse-engineered.

We own several registered and unregistered service marks and trademarks which are used in the marketing and sale of our products.  The following sets forth our registered and unregistered service marks and trademarks, whether it is a service mark or trademark, whether it is registered or unregistered, if registered, the country in which the mark is filed, and the renewal date for such mark.

Environmental and Governmental Regulation

Currently, emissions and waste from our manufacturing processes are at such low levels that no special environmental permits or licenses are required. In the future, we may need to obtain special permits for disposal of increased waste by-products. The glass materials we utilize contain some toxic elements in a stabilized molecular form. However, the high temperature diffusion process results in low-level emissions of such elements in gaseous form. If production reaches a certain level, we believe that we will be able to efficiently recycle certain of our raw material waste, thereby reducing disposal levels. We believe that we are presently in compliance with all material federal, state and local laws and regulations governing our operations and have obtained all material licenses and permits necessary for the operation of our business.

We also utilize certain chemicals, solvents and adhesives in our manufacturing process. We believe we maintain all necessary permits and believe we are in full compliance with all applicable regulations.

To our knowledge there are currently no United States federal, state or local regulations that restrict the manufacturing and distribution of our products. Certain end-user applications require government approval of the complete optical system, such as United States Food and Drug Administration approval for use in endoscopy. In these cases, we will generally be involved on a secondary level and the OEM customer will be responsible for the license and approval process.

New Product Development

For many years, we engaged in basic research and development that resulted in the invention of GRADIUM glass and certain proprietary processes for fabricating GRADIUM glass lenses. Thereafter, our new product development efforts led to the development of our capabilities in molded aspheric lenses, infrared lenses and collimators. We incurred expenditures for new product development during fiscal years 2014 and 2013 of approximately $1.2 million and $939,000, respectively. We concentrated our efforts to support existing and new customers in the design and manufacture of items in two of our product lines: lenses and collimators. In fiscal 2013, our infrared product development efforts were in connection with part of the Raytheon Vision Systems (“Raytheon”) purchase order. We charged the costs associated with this product development to cost of goods sold.

We are focusing our new product development efforts on infrared optics products for imaging and sensing, blue lens applications, fiber lasers, defense, medical devices, industrial, optical data storage, machine vision, sensors and environmental monitoring. We currently plan to expend approximately $1.40 million for new product development during fiscal 2015, which could vary depending upon revenue levels, customer requirements and perceived market opportunities.

For more difficult or customized products, we bill our customers for engineering services as a non-recurring engineering fee.

Concentration of Customer Risk

In fiscal 2014, we had sales to three customers that comprised approximately 27% of our annual revenue. In fiscal 2013, we had sales to five customers that comprised approximately 38% of our annual revenue. We continue to diversify our business in order to minimize our sales concentration risk. The loss of any of these customers, or a significant reduction in sales to any such customer, would adversely affect our revenues.

In fiscal 2014, 53% of our net revenue was derived from sales outside of the United States, with 92% of our foreign sales occurring to customers in Europe and Asia.

Employees

As of June 30, 2014, we had 175 full-time equivalent employees, with 57 in Florida and 118 in China. Any employee additions or terminations over the next twelve months will be dependent upon the actual sales levels realized during fiscal 2015. We have 24 employees engaged in management, administrative and clerical functions, 15 in new product development, 9 in sales and marketing and 127 in production and quality functions. We have used and will continue utilizing part-time help, temporary employment agencies and outside consultants, where appropriate, to qualify prospective employees and to ramp up production as required from time to time. None of our employees are represented by a labor union.

Item 2.    Properties.

We occupy a 26,100 square foot facility in Orlando, Florida, which includes a 6,000 square foot clean room and houses our corporate headquarters, engineering, marketing, internal sales, manufacturing management and some manufacturing operations. At our Orlando facility, our molded glass aspheres manufacturing area includes lens pressing equipment, high precision mold production equipment, advanced metrology and inspection equipment and coating facilities. It also features a tooling and machine shop, which can support new product development, commercial production requirements for our machined parts and the fabrication of propriety press workstations and mold equipment. Our Orlando facility has glass coring equipment for our current needs of GRADIUM product sales and also includes a clean room for our collimator assembly workstations which include our proprietary laser fusion and housing equipment, automated testing processes, and laser polishing stations. Our Orlando facility is International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) compliant.

The rental payments for our Orlando facility are approximately $28,000 per month through April 2022, which excludes all charges, common area maintenance, escalation, and certain pass-through of taxes and other operating costs. In July 2014, we negotiated a new lease which increased our space from 22,000 square feet to 26,100 square feet, or by 20%, and reduced our expense by 25%.

Due to the transfer of manufacturing for the majority of our production requirements for our precision molded optic line and our assembly product line to LPOI’s Shanghai facility, we previously reduced the leased space in our Orlando facility from 41,063 square feet to 21,557 square feet, as reflected in the third, fourth and fifth amendments to the Orlando facility lease, effective December 1, 2007, May 1, 2009 and May 1, 2012, respectively. The sixth amendment, effective July 2, 2014, extended the lease term until April 2022 and increased the size from 21,557 square feet to 26,077 square feet. Minimum rental rates for the extension term were established based on annual increases of two and one half percent start in the third year of the extension period. Additionally, there are two 3-year extension options exercisable by the Company. The minimum rental rates for such additional extension options will be determined at the time an option is exercised and will be based on a “fair market rental rate” as determined in accordance with the third lease amendment.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, LPOI, also leases a 16,000 square foot facility located in Jiading, People’s Republic of China. LPOI’s Shanghai facility features a molded glass aspheres manufacturing area, which includes lens pressing equipment, advanced metrology and inspection equipment and coating facilities. The clean room in LPOI’s Shanghai facility features assembly manufacturing equipment and automated dispensing systems. The Shanghai facility also houses our precision dicing equipment and anti-reflective coating equipment.

LPOI signed a two year extension in its lease that will expire April 30, 2016. The Shanghai facility houses 89 employees. The rent is approximately $7,000 per month.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, LPOIZ, leases a 26,000 square foot facility located in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China. LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility features a molded glass aspheres manufacturing area, which includes lens pressing equipment, advanced metrology and inspection equipment. The clean room in LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility features assembly manufacturing equipment and automated dispensing systems.

LPOIZ signed a five year lease that will expire March 31, 2019. The Zhenjiang facility houses 29 employees. The rent is approximately $2,000 per month.

LPOI and LPOIZ’s facilities are used primarily for our manufacturing operations and has increased our overall production capacity, enabling us to compete for larger production volumes of optical components and assemblies at a lower cost. The facilities also strengthen partnerships within the Asia/Pacific region.

We are ISO 9001:2008 certified at both the Orlando and Shanghai facilities. We anticipate that our new Zhenjiang facility will be ISO certified by December 2014. Much of our product qualification is performed in-house at both facilities. Our test and evaluation capabilities include damp heat, high/low temp storage, and a thermal shock oven, which are representative of the equipment required to meet Telecordia requirements and other customer required product specifications. Our New Product Development department has computer aided design (CAD) tools and technical support. The continuing implementation of various statistical process controls (SPCs) is being pursued to improve product yields and allows us to reduce costly manual testing operations. Quality control in manufacturing to ensure a quality end product is critical to our ability to bring our products to market, as our customers may demand rigorous testing prior to their purchase of our products.

With space remaining in the Shanghai, Zhenjiang and Orlando facilities, we believe our facilities are adequate to accommodate our needs over the next year. We are in the process of adding additional production equipment and will add additional work shifts to increase the capacity and meet forecasted demand.

Our territorial sales personnel maintain an office from their homes to serve their geographical territories. 

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. The Company currently has no legal proceeding to which the Company is a party to or to which its property is subject to and, to the best of its knowledge, no adverse legal activity is anticipated or threatened.

PART II

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Our Class A common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market (“NCM”) under the symbol “LPTH”.

The following table sets forth the range of high and low bid prices for the Class A common stock for the periods indicated, as reported by NCM. The quotation information below reflects inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown or commission, and may not represent actual transactions. The closing ask price on June 30, 2014 was $1.36 per share.

Holders

As of July 9, 2014, we estimate there were approximately 242 holders of record and approximately 4,171 street name holders of our Class A common stock.

Dividends

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our Class A common stock and do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain all future earnings in order to finance the operation and expansion of our business. In addition, the payment of dividends, if any, in the future, will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and other relevant factors.

Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance as of the end of fiscal 2014:

Please see section titled “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information relating to compensation plans approved and not approved by our stockholders.

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis by our management of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes.

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Please also see the cautionary language at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K regarding forward-looking statements.

Results of Operations

Operating Results for Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2014 compared to the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2013:

Revenue for fiscal 2014 totaled approximately $11.83 million compared to approximately $11.78 million for fiscal 2013, an increase of 0.4%. Revenue in fiscal year 2013 included approximately $481,000 related to a large purchase order from Raytheon in connection with the DARPA Low Cost Thermal Imaging Manufacturing Program. We were able to replace most of the revenue lost from the completion of the Raytheon purchase order with our underlying precision molded optics and infrared product revenue. Unit shipment volume in precision molded optics in fiscal 2014 was flat compared to fiscal 2013. However, the sales price mix of the precision molded optics changed in fiscal 2014. Revenue for units sold with a sales price of $10 or greater increased by approximately $900,000, while revenue for units sold with a sales price of less than $5 decreased by approximately $600,000. The decrease in revenue for our lower priced lenses was primarily due to the demand for such lenses slowing in China during fiscal 2014. We expect continued growth in sales to be derived primarily from our precision molded optics product line, particularly our low-cost lenses sold in Asia, and the Company’s infrared product line.

Gross margin percentage for fiscal 2014 was 46% compared to 44% in fiscal 2013. Gross margin percentage increased in fiscal 2014 due to an increase in revenue and a decrease in cost of goods sold. Total manufacturing costs of approximately $6.44 million were approximately $164,000 lower in fiscal 2014 as compared to fiscal 2013. This decrease in manufacturing costs resulted from a decrease of $267,000 in project costs on the DARPA program last year offset by an increase of $103,000 in rent and electric expenses. Direct costs, which include material, labor and services, were 25% of revenue in fiscal 2014, as compared to 24% of revenue in fiscal 2013 primarily due to the reclassification of tooling from overhead to direct cost.

We plan to continue emphasizing unit cost reductions by transitioning more production to our new LPOIZ facility, efficiently purchasing raw materials and continuing to increase the amount of anti-reflective coating we do in-house versus outsourcing this service. We also anticipate improvements in productivity at LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility due to a more experienced workforce. We expect lower direct costs due to the lower labor and service costs in Zhenjiang as we continue to move production to this facility.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $523,000 to $4.51 million in fiscal 2014 from $3.99 million in fiscal 2013. The increase was primarily due to start-up costs of approximately $21,000 for LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility, an increase of approximately $39,000 in wages, which were previously reduced during the economic downturn, an increase of approximately $83,000 for higher stock compensation expense, an increase of approximately $150,000 for legal expenses, an increase of approximately $53,000 for higher rent and property taxes, an increase of approximately $114,000 for sales taxes associated with the investments made in new cost reduction equipment and the ramp up of production of our infrared products, and an increase of approximately $63,000 for other miscellaneous expenses. Our fiscal 2015 operating plan projects our selling, general and administrative expenses to remain at the fiscal 2014 level.

New product development costs in fiscal 2014 increased by approximately $276,000 to $1.22 million. This increase was primarily due to an increase in wages and materials and services purchased for ongoing projects. In fiscal 2013, our staff worked on the Raytheon purchase order, and their wages were charged to cost of sales. Our fiscal 2015 operating plan projects an increase in product development spending due to enhanced efforts in the development of the infrared product line.

In fiscal 2014, the amortization of intangibles, which consisted of our patents, was approximately $35,000 compared to $33,000 in fiscal 2013. Our patents are now fully amortized. Interest expense was approximately $37,000 for fiscal 2014 as compared to approximately $100,000 for fiscal 2013. In fiscal 2014, interest expense consisted of amortization of debt costs on the LSA with Avidbank. In fiscal 2013, our convertible debentures accounted for all of the interest expense. This represented periodic interest of 8% per annum, amortization, write-off of the debt issuance costs and debt discount.

In fiscal 2014 and 2013, we recognized a approximately $94,000 in income and $15,000 in expense, respectively, related to the change in the fair value of derivative warrants issued in our June 2012 private placement. This fair value will be re-measured each reporting period throughout the five year life of the warrants, or until exercised.

Investment and other income decreased by approximately $114,000 to $6,000 in fiscal 2014 primarily from the recognition of $54,000 in royalty income in fiscal 2013 and the impact of the foreign exchange rate reflecting the rate change during the receipt of payable invoices and payment of those invoices.

We execute all foreign sales from our Orlando facility and inter-company transactions in United States dollars, mitigating the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.  Assets and liabilities denominated in non-United States currencies, primarily the Chinese Renminbi, are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange for the year. During the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we incurred a loss of $1,055 and $35,522 on foreign currency translation, respectively.

Net loss for fiscal 2014 was approximately $313,000 compared with a net income of approximately $215,000 in fiscal 2013, a change of approximately $528,000. We believe this decrease in net income from fiscal 2014 to fiscal 2013 is due to our investment in several growth oriented initiatives. For example, we increased our research and development expenses by 29% in fiscal 2014, as compared to fiscal 2013, in an effort to further develop our infrared product line. We also increased our selling, general and administrative expenses by 13% in fiscal 2014, as compared to fiscal 2013. This increase was fueled by the start-up costs associated with LPOIZ’s Zhenjiang facility, a facility we believe to be crucial to increasing our production capacity and lowering our costs, as well as an increase in wages. We added a new west coast regional sales manager as well as a new west coast distributor. Finally, we invested approximately $2.0 million in fiscal 2014 in expanding our manufacturing capacity and purchasing new equipment. We believe that in order for the Company to continue to grow in the future, it is necessary to make these type of investments in our products, facilities and people.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At June 30, 2014, we had working capital of $5.0 million and total cash and cash equivalents of $1.2 million, of which $380,000 of the total cash was held by our foreign subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2014, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $205 million compared to approximately $204 million for fiscal year 2013. On September 1, 2014 we had a book cash balance of $898,012.

We generally rely on cash from operations and equity and debt offerings, to the extent available, to satisfy our liquidity needs. From February 1996 (when our initial public offering occurred) through the end of our fiscal 2014, inclusive, we have raised a net total of approximately $105 million from the issuance of common and preferred stock, the sale of convertible debt and the exercise of options and warrants for our common stock.

In fiscal 2014, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “LSA”) with Avidbank Corporate Finance, a division of Avidbank (“Avidbank”). As of June 30, 2014, approximately $165,000 was outstanding as an equipment advance under the LSA. Equipment advances during any particular three month draw period are due and repayable in thirty-six (36) equal monthly payments. Currently, our monthly payment equals approximately $4,600 plus interest. The outstanding equipment advance bears monthly interest due at a rate of Prime Rate plus one and half percent (1.5%) on the outstanding daily balance. Principal and interest payments are due and payable on the tenth (10^th) day of each month so long as the equipment advance is outstanding, and in any event by September 30, 2017.

The Company’s obligations under the LSA are secured by a first priority security interest (subject to permitted liens) in substantially all of the assets of the Company. In addition, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Geltech, Inc. has guaranteed the Company’s obligations under the LSA.

The LSA contains customary covenants, including, but not limited to: (i) a minimum quarterly quick ratio, which measures the Company’s ability to meet its short-term liabilities as a ratio of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents plus all accounts receivable to current liabilities; (ii) a minimum quarterly debt service coverage ratio; (iii) limitations on the disposition of property; (iv) limitations on changing the Company’s business or permitting a change in control; (v) limitations on additional indebtedness or encumbrances; (vi) restrictions on distributions; and (vii) limitations on certain investments. As of June 30, 2014, we were in compliance with the minimum quarterly debt service coverage ratio. As of June 30, 2014, we were not in compliance with the minimum quarterly quick ratio. We entered into the First Amendment to the LSA with Avidbank dated September 2, 2014 (the “First Amendment”), whereby Avidbank waived the default arising from the failure to comply with the minimum quarterly quick ratio. The First Amendment also extended the maturity date of the revolving line from September 30, 2014 to December 30, 2014. In connection with the First Amendment, we paid approximately $2,125 plus Avidbank’s expenses through the date of the First Amendment.

Management has developed an operating plan for fiscal 2015 and believes we have adequate financial resources to achieve this plan and to sustain our current operations in the coming year. We have established milestones that will be tracked to ensure that as funds are expended we are achieving results before additional funds are committed. The fiscal 2015 operating plan and related financial projections we have developed anticipate sales growth primarily from precision molded optics, with the emphasis on low-cost, high-volume applications, optical assemblies including our redesigned collimator product line and infrared products.  We expect further margin improvements based on production efficiencies and reductions in product costs as a result of the shifting of our manufacturing operations to Shanghai and Zhenjiang, as well as yield improvements improved tool life and expanded coating capability.  Through these actions and our continuing cost reduction programs, we are improving our competitive position in the marketplace.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including a decline in revenue or a lack of anticipated sales growth, increased material costs, increased labor costs, planned production efficiency improvements not being realized, increases in property, casualty, benefit and liability insurance premiums and increases in other discretionary spending, particularly sales and marketing related. We will also continue efforts to keep costs under control as we seek renewed sales growth. Our efforts are directed toward reaching positive cash flow and profitability. If these efforts are not successful, we will need to raise additional capital. Should capital not be available to us at reasonable terms, other actions may become necessary in addition to cost control measures and continued efforts to increase sales. These actions may include exploring strategic options for the sale of the Company, the sale of certain product lines, the creation of joint ventures or strategic alliances under which we will pursue business opportunities, the creation of licensing arrangements with respect to our technology, or other alternatives.

Cash Flows – Financings:

Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $1.7 million in fiscal 2014 compared to net cash used in financing activities of approximately $212,000 in fiscal 2013. In fiscal 2013, we expended approximately $40,000 in costs associated with the conversion of certain of our convertible debentures and $180,000 to repay outstanding principal amounts due under the convertible debentures. None of our convertible debentures are outstanding. In fiscal 2014, we received approximately $1.5 million in the exercise of warrants, net of costs. In connection with the exercise of warrants, we issued 1,136,143 shares of Class A common stock. The exercise prices ranged from $0.87 to $1.89 per share of Class A common stock.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) with Pudong Science & Technology (Cayman) Co., Ltd. (“Pudong”), with respect to a private placement of our Class A common stock. The closing of the sale will occur upon satisfaction of certain closing conditions, including receipt of certain governmental approvals. The initial per share purchase price is $1.62, subject to adjustment at the closing pursuant to the terms of the SPA. As adjusted, the final per share purchase price may be higher or lower than the initial per share purchase price, but in no event shall the per share purchase price be less than $1.40. Based on Pudong’s ownership percentage as of the date of the SPA and assuming the final per share purchase price equals the initial per share price, we estimate that the value of the interest to be acquired by Pudong could equal $3,037,500; however, this amount may increase or decrease based upon various factors.

Cash Flows – Operating and Investing:

Cash flow used in operations was approximately $89,000 for the year ended June 30, 2014, a decrease of approximately $645,000 from fiscal 2013. This decrease was primarily due to our net loss and the reclassification of tooling from fixed assets to inventory. Our cash flow provided by operations was approximately $39,000 for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, compared to cash flow provided by operations of approximately $622,000 for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013. This decrease was primarily due to the change in accounts receivable and inventory. Our fiscal 2015 operating plan and related financial projections anticipate improvement in our cash flows provided by operations in future years due to sales growth and continuing margin improvements based on production efficiencies and reductions in product costs, offset by marginal increases in selling, administrative and new product development expenditures. For example, we expect lower glass costs as a result of replacing internally fabricated material with purchased materials from suppliers in Asia and lower coating costs due to larger unit volumes and due to our ability to coat the lenses in-house rather than out-sourcing this service.

During fiscal 2014, we expended approximately $2.0 million for capital equipment as compared to $1.1 million during fiscal 2013. The majority of our capital expenditures during both fiscal 2014 and fiscal 2013 were related to the purchase of equipment used to enhance or expand our production capacity, tooling for our precision molded products and equipment and facility improvements for our new facility in Zhenjiang.  We anticipate lower expenditures during fiscal 2015; however, the total amount expended will depend on opportunities and circumstances.

Key Performance Indicators

How we operate

We have continuing sales of two basic types: occasional sales via ad-hoc purchase orders of mostly standard product configurations (our “turns” business) and the more challenging and potentially more rewarding business of customer product development. In this latter type of business, we work with a customer to help them determine optical specifications and even create certain optical designs for them, including complex multi-component designs that we call “engineered assemblies.” This is followed by “sampling” small numbers of the product for the customer’s test and evaluation. Thereafter, should the customer conclude that our specification or design is the best solution to their product need; we negotiate and “win” a contract (sometimes called a “design win”) – whether of a “blanket purchase order” type or a supply agreement. The strategy is to create an annuity revenue stream that makes the best use of our production capacity as compared to the turns business, which is unpredictable and uneven. This annuity revenue stream can also generate low-cost, high-volume type orders. A key business objective is to convert as much of our business to the design win and annuity model as is possible. We face several challenges in doing so:

Despite these challenges to winning more “annuity” business, we nevertheless believe we can be successful in procuring this business because of our unique capabilities in optical design engineering that we make available on the merchant market, a market that we believe is underserved in this area of service offering. Additionally, we believe that we offer value to some customers as a source of supply in the United States should they be unwilling to commit their entire source of supply of a critical component to foreign merchant production sources. We also continue to have the proprietary GRADIUM lens glass technology to offer to certain laser markets.

Our key indicators

Usually on a weekly basis, management reviews a number of performance indicators. Some of these indicators are qualitative and others are quantitative. These indicators change from time to time as the opportunities and challenges in the business change. They are mostly non-financial indicators such as units of shippable output by major product line, production yield rates by major product line and the output and yield data from significant intermediary manufacturing processes that support the production of the finished shippable product. These indicators can be used to calculate such other related indicators as fully yielded unit production per-shift, which varies by the particular product and our state of automation in production of that product at any given time. Higher unit production per shift means lower unit cost and therefore improved margins or improved ability to compete where desirable for price sensitive customer applications. The data from these reports is used to determine tactical operating actions and changes. We believe that our non-financial production indicators, such as those noted, are proprietary information.

The discussions of our results as presented in this Annual Report include use of the non-GAAP terms “EBITDA” and “gross margin.”  EBITDA is discussed below. Gross margin is determined by deducting the cost of sales from operating revenue. Cost of sales includes manufacturing direct and indirect labor, materials, services, fixed costs for rent, utilities and depreciation, and variable overhead. Gross margin should not be considered an alternative to operating income or net income, which are determined in accordance with GAAP. We believe that gross margin, although a non-GAAP financial measure, is useful and meaningful to investors as a basis for making investment decisions. It provides investors with information that demonstrates our cost structure and provides funds for our total costs and expenses. We use gross margin in measuring the performance of our business and have historically analyzed and reported gross margin information publicly. Other companies may calculate gross margin in a different manner.

Financial indicators that are usually reviewed at the same time include the major elements of the micro-level business cycle:

These indicators are similarly used to determine tactical operating actions and changes and are discussed in more detail below.

Sales Backlog:

 Sales growth has been and continues to be our best indicator of success. Our best view into the efficacy of our sales efforts is in our “order book.” Our order book equates to sales “backlog.” It has a quantitative and a qualitative aspect: quantitatively, our backlog’s prospective dollar value and qualitatively, what percent of the backlog is scheduled by the customer for date-certain delivery. We define our “12-month backlog” as that which is requested by the customer for delivery within one year and which is reasonably likely to remain in the backlog and be converted into revenues. This includes customer purchase orders and may include amounts under supply contracts if they meet the aforementioned criteria. Generally, a higher 12-month backlog is better for us.

The 12-month backlog, as defined above, for the preceding eight fiscal quarters was as follows:

Our 12-month backlog at June 30, 2014 was approximately $4.28 million compared to $4.14 million as of June 30, 2013. Bookings and quote activity have continued to increase for our industrial low-cost lenses in Asia and for our infrared products. We project continued production and shipment growth for infrared and low-cost lenses in Asia during fiscal 2015.

We continue to diversify our business by expanding our customer base in the following markets; digital imaging, laser tools, telecommunications, digital projectors, industrial equipment, weapon sights and green lasers. We expect to show increases in revenue for fiscal 2015 as a result of this diversification.

EBITDA:

EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure used by management, lenders and certain investors as a supplemental measure in the evaluation of some aspects of a corporation's financial position and core operating performance. Investors sometimes use EBITDA as it allows for some level of comparability of profitability trends between those businesses differing as to capital structure and capital intensity by removing the impacts of depreciation and amortization. EBITDA also does not include changes in major working capital items such as receivables, inventory and payables, which can also indicate a significant need for, or source of, cash. Since decisions regarding capital investment and financing and changes in working capital components can have a significant impact on cash flow, EBITDA is not a good indicator of a business's cash flows. We use EBITDA for evaluating the relative underlying performance of the Company's core operations and for planning purposes. We calculate EBITDA by adjusting net income (loss) to exclude net interest expense, income tax expense or benefit, depreciation and amortization, thus the term “Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization” and the acronym “EBITDA.”

We also calculated an Adjusted EBITDA, which excludes the effect of the non-cash expense associated with the mark-to-market adjustments related to the warrants issued in our June 2012 private placement. We believe this Adjusted EBITDA is helpful for investors to better understand the financial results of our business operations.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income (loss) to EBITDA as well as to Adjusted EBITDA for the preceding eight quarters:

The primary reason for the decrease in Adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 from the same period in fiscal 2013 is due to the change in the fair value of the warrants. The primary reason for the increase in EBITDA in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013 was the improvement of net income and the change in the fair value of the warrants. 

Inventory levels:

We manage inventory levels to minimize investment in working capital but still have the flexibility to meet customer demand to a reasonable degree. We review our inventory for obsolete items quarterly. While the mix of inventory is an important factor, including adequate safety stocks of long lead-time materials, an important aggregate measure of inventory in all phases of production is the quarter’s ending inventory expressed as a number of days’ worth of the quarter’s cost of sales, also known as “days cost of sales in inventory,” or “DCSI.” It is calculated by dividing the quarter’s ending inventory by the quarter’s cost of goods sold, multiplied by 365 and divided by 4. Generally, a lower DCSI measure equates to a lesser investment in inventory and therefore more efficient use of capital. The table below shows our DCSI for the immediately preceding eight fiscal quarters: 

Our average DCSI for fiscal 2014 was 188, compared to 98 for fiscal 2013. The increase in DCSI from the prior fiscal year is primarily a result of the reclassification in the second quarter of fiscal 2014 of tooling from fixed and prepaid assets to inventory. Previously, the majority of our tooling costs were classified as property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic amortization of such costs was included in the pool of production overhead costs, a portion of which was capitalized into inventory. We are now classifying tooling costs in inventory.  This reclassification will result in a higher DCSI going forward.

Accounts receivable levels and quality:

Similarly, we manage accounts receivable levels to minimize investment in working capital. We escalate our collection efforts when invoices are fifteen days past the due date.  Weekly, we also review all receivables that are sixty days past terms. These past due accounts are contacted and all future shipments to them are placed on hold. We measure the quality of receivables by the proportions of the total that are at various increments past due from our normally extended terms, which are generally 30-45 days. The most important aggregate measure of accounts receivable is the quarter’s ending balance of net accounts receivable expressed as a number of days’ worth of the quarter’s net revenues, also known as “days sales outstanding,” or “DSO.” It is calculated by dividing the quarter’s ending net accounts receivable by the quarter’s net revenues, multiplied by 365 and divided by 4. Generally, a lower DSO measure equates to a lesser investment in accounts receivable and therefore more efficient use of capital. The table below shows our DSO for the preceding eight fiscal quarters:

Our average DSO for fiscal 2014 was 76 compared to 66 for fiscal 2013. For the past two years over 45% of our quarterly sales are shipped in the third month of each quarter. These revenues will not be collected before the quarter ends, which negatively impacts our DSO. Also international sales, which are approximately one half of our revenues, have a longer collection cycle. We plan to monitor our collections efforts to keep this key indicator as low as reasonably possible. We strive to have DSO no higher than 65.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of income and expense during the reporting periods presented. Our significant estimates include the allowance for trade receivables which is made up of reserves for bad debts, inventory reserves for obsolescence, revenue recognition, valuation of compensation expense on stock-based awards and warrant valuation related to a private placement. Although we believe that these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates given a change in conditions or assumptions that have been consistently applied.

Management has discussed the selection of critical accounting policies and estimates with our board of directors (the “Board”), and the Board has reviewed our disclosure relating to critical accounting policies and estimates in this prospectus. The critical accounting policies used by management and the methodology for its estimates and assumptions are as follows:

Allowance for accounts receivable, is calculated by taking 100% of the total of invoices that are over 90 days past due from the due date and 10% of the total of invoices that are over 60 days past due from the due date for U.S. based accounts and 100% of invoices that are over 120 days past due for China based accounts. Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Recovery of bad debt amounts previously written off is recorded as a reduction of bad debt expense in the period the payment is collected. If the Company’s actual collection experience changes, revisions to its allowance may be required. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.

Inventories, which consist principally of raw materials, tooling, work-in-process and finished lenses, collimators and assemblies are stated at the lower of cost or market, on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventory costs include materials, labor and manufacturing overhead. Acquisition of goods from our vendors has a purchase burden added to cover customs, shipping and handling costs. Fixed costs related to excess manufacturing capacity have been expensed. We look at the following criteria for parts to consider for the inventory reserve: items that have not been sold in two years or that have not been purchased in two years or of which we have more than a two-year supply.  These items as identified are reserved at 100%, as well as reserving 50% for other items deemed to be slow moving within the last twelve months and reserving 25% for items deemed to have low material usage within the last six months. The parts identified are adjusted for recent order and quote activity to determine the final inventory reserve. In the third quarter of fiscal 2013, we placed a 100% reserve on our isolator inventories due to our current sales forecast for this product line.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2014, we changed our classification of tooling costs associated with inventory costing. Previously, the majority of such costs were classified within property and equipment on the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic amortization of such costs was included in the pool of production overhead costs, a portion of which was capitalized into inventory. We are now classifying tooling costs as a direct inventory cost into specific products through our production costing processes.

This change was made to more accurately compute our standard costs and to reflect the process used to quote and internally estimate product costs overall. The Company believes this reclassification is preferable as it will provide greater precision in the costing of inventory and product pricing, which will enable us to better manage our margins, control our pricing and value our inventory. Since this change will more effectively value inventory based on historical tool usage factors and by individual part numbers, the result will be an increase in the accuracy of reporting the value of inventory and an improvement of matching costs with revenue. In addition, since the implementation of the new inventory accounting system, our operations have been managed based on data provided from the perpetual inventory system. By tracking and valuing inventory based on perpetual records, financial reporting is better aligned with operations. Furthermore, the material requirements planning module now provides on hand and projected quantities of tools.

The majority of the impact of this change resulted in a decrease in gross value of property and equipment by approximately $889,000, less accumulated amortization of approximately $463,000, or a net decrease of approximately $426,000 during the second quarter of fiscal 2014.

Revenue is recognized from product sales when products are shipped to the customer, provided that the Company has received a valid purchase order, the price is fixed, title has transferred, collection of the associated receivable is reasonably assured, and there are no remaining significant obligations. Revenues from product development agreements are recognized as milestones and are completed in accordance with the terms of the agreements and upon shipment of products, reports or designs to the customer. Invoiced amounts for sales for value-added taxes (VAT) are posted to the balance sheet and not included in revenue.

Stock-based compensation is measured at grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period.  We estimate the fair value of each restricted stock unit or stock option as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model. Most awards granted under our Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "Plan”) vest ratably over two to four years and generally have four to ten-year contract lives.  The volatility rate is based on historical trends in common stock closing prices and the expected term was determined based primarily on historical experience of previously outstanding awards.  The interest rate used is the U.S. Treasury interest rate for constant maturities. The likelihood of meeting targets for option grants that are performance based are evaluated each quarter. If it is determined that meeting the targets is probable then the compensation expense will be amortized over the remaining vesting period.

Management estimates. Management makes estimates and assumptions during the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes available, which in turn could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.

Derivative financial instruments. The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which requires additional disclosures about the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivative instruments, how the derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for, and how the derivative instruments and related hedging items affect the financial statements.

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risk.  Terms of convertible debt instruments are reviewed to determine whether or not they contain embedded derivative instruments that are required under ASC 815 to be accounted for separately from the host contract, and recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.  The fair value of derivative liabilities, if any, is required to be revalued at each reporting date, with corresponding changes in fair value recorded in current period operating results.

Freestanding warrants issued by the Company in connection with the issuance or sale of debt and equity instruments are considered to be derivative instruments.  Pursuant to ASC 815, an evaluation of specifically identified conditions is made to determine whether the fair value of warrants issued is required to be classified as equity or as a derivative liability.

Recent accounting pronouncements.

There are several new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") which are not yet effective. Management does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements will have a material impact on the Company's financial position or operating results.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, A Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists,” which amends ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” This new guidance requires that a liability related to an unrecognized tax benefit be offset against a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward if certain criteria are met. The provisions of this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15,2013. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance during fiscal 2015 and does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2014-09), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP.

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements and has not yet determined the method by which it will adopt the standard in the quarter ending September 30, 2017.

Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

See index at page F-1 for the Financial Statements for each of the years in the two-year period ended June 30, 2014.

Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of members of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Our CEO and our CFO have concluded, based on their evaluation, that as of June 30, 2014, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the end of the fiscal year to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit with the SEC under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process, including policies and procedures, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Our management assessed our internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control—Integrated Framework 1992 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on the results of this assessment, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2014 based on such criteria.

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met under all potential conditions, regardless of how remote, and may not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within LightPath have been prevented or detected. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Auditor’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit LightPath to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

In connection with our continued monitoring and maintenance of our controls procedures as part of the implementation of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we continue to review, test and improve the effectiveness of our internal controls. There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter and since the year ended June 30, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Item 9B.    Other Information

On September 2, 2014, we entered into the First Amendment with Avidbank to amend the LSA. Pursuant to the LSA, we are required to comply with certain financial covenants, including a minimum quarterly quick ratio. As of June 30, 2014, we were not in compliance with this ratio. The First Amendment waives our failure to comply with the minimum quarterly quick ratio. The First Amendment also extended the maturity date of the revolving line from September 30, 2014 to December 30, 2014. In connection with the First Amendment, we paid approximately $2,125 plus Avidbank’s expenses through the date of the First Amendment. The foregoing description of the Amendment is qualified in its entirety by reference to the First Amendment, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.11 and incorporated by reference herein.

PART III

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Each of our directors and officers serves until his or her successor is elected and qualified. The names and ages of our directors and officers, the years they became directors or officers, their principal occupations or employment for at least the past five years and certain of their other directorships is set forth below. The Class I directors’ term expires at the annual meeting of stockholders proposed to be held in fiscal 2017. The Class II directors’ term expires at the annual meeting of stockholders proposed to be held in fiscal 2016. The Class III directors’ term expires at the annual meeting of stockholders proposed to be held in fiscal 2015.

Class I Directors

Class II Directors

Class III Directors

Executive Officers Who Do Not Serve as Directors

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, requires that our directors and executive officers and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of our common stock (referred to herein as the “Reporting Persons”) file with the SEC various reports as to their ownership of and activities relating to our common stock. To the best of our knowledge, all Reporting Persons complied on a timely basis with all filing requirements applicable to them with respect to transactions during the period covered by this report. In making these statements, the Company has relied solely on its review of copies of the reports furnished to the Company, representations that no other reports were required and other knowledge relating to transactions involving Reporting Persons.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of our employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. The text of our Code of Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at www.lightpath.com or may be obtained free of charge by writing to: Secretary, LightPath Technologies, Inc., 2603 Challenger Tech CT, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826.

Audit Committee and Audit Committee Financial Expert

The Audit Committee, which consists of Dr. Steven Brueck, M. Scott Faris, and Louis Leeburg (Chairman), met four times during fiscal 2014, which meetings included discussions with management and with the Company’s independent auditors to discuss the interim and annual financial statements and the annual report of the Company, and the effectiveness of the Company’s financial and accounting functions and organization. The Audit Committee acts pursuant to a written charter adopted by the Board, a copy of which is available on the Company’s website at www.lightpath.com. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include, among others, direct responsibility for the engagement and termination of the Company’s independent accountants, and overseeing the work of the accountants and determining the compensation for their engagement(s). The Board has determined that the Audit Committee is comprised entirely of independent members as defined under applicable listing standards set out by the SEC, the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) and the NCM. The Board has also determined that at least one member of the Audit Committee, Mr. Leeburg, is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by SEC rules and qualifies as independent in accordance with the NCM rules. Mr. Leeburg’s business experience that qualifies him to be determined an “audit committee financial expert” is described above.

Item 11.    Executive Compensation.

Summary Compensation Table for Named Executive Officers

The following table sets forth certain compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to (i) the Chief Executive Officer and (ii) the two other most highly compensated executive officers of the Company serving as executive officers at the end of fiscal 2014, which includes the Chief Financial Officer. The Company did not have any individuals for whom disclosure would have been required but for the fact that the individual was not serving as an executive officer of the Company as of the end of fiscal 2014.

Notes:

* Other Compensation, as defined by SEC rules does not include the amounts that qualify under the applicable de minimis rule for all periods presented. The de minimis rule does not require reporting of perquisites and other compensation that totals less than $10,000 in the aggregate. The nature of these compensatory items include the Company’s contribution toward the premium cost for employee and dependent medical, dental, life and disability income insurances.

** For valuation assumptions on restricted stock units and stock option awards refer to note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2014. The disclosed amounts reflect the dollar amount recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 and thus may include amounts from awards granted in and prior to fiscal 2014.

Narrative Discussion of Summary Compensation Table of Named Executive Officers

The following is a narrative discussion of the material information which we believe is necessary to understand the information disclosed in the foregoing Summary Compensation Table. The following narrative disclosure is separated into sections, with a separate section for each of our named executive officers. Each named executive officer receives a base salary, and is eligible for an incentive bonus based on attaining certain goals and long-term equity incentive awards, which are designed to reward executive officers for achieving strategic milestones, as well as for retaining executive officers and other key employees.

The goals set for the fiscal 2014 and 2013 incentive bonus plans were not met, so no bonus payments were made to the executive officers. The Compensation Committee did award discretionary stock options to the executive officers for fiscal 2013.

J. James Gaynor 

Cash Compensation (Base Salary).

Mr. Gaynor earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $279,038. This represents his annual base salary for fiscal 2014. The base salary paid to Mr. Gaynor for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 88% of the total compensation paid to Mr. Gaynor as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Stock Option Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $17,762 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $10,363 in fiscal 2014.

On November 3, 2010, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 25,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $8,388 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $8,388 for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $2,797 in fiscal 2015 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 40,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $6,992 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $6,992 for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $6,992 in fiscal 2015 and $1,747 in fiscal 2016 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 25, 2012, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 40,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $3,565 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $4,752 in fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $4,752 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $1,188 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 13,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the options, we recognized $678 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $1,355 in fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $1,355 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $677 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Gaynor was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the options, we recognized $6,580 of compensation expense for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $8,772 in each of fiscal 2015, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2017 and $2,192 in fiscal 2018 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

All Other Compensation.

Mr. Gaynor is eligible to participate in COBRA health insurance and in any other benefits generally available to our employees. He received “other compensation” for these benefits generally available to all of our employees, including insurance payments for health insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, short term disability and long term disability premiums.  

Change of Control Agreement.

Mr. Gaynor is eligible to receive twenty-four months compensation in the event of a change-of-control. For additional details, please see the section titled “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-of-Control”.

Dorothy Cipolla

Cash Compensation (Base Salary).

Ms. Cipolla earned total cash compensation for her services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $190,769. This represents her annual base salary for fiscal 2014. The base salary paid to Ms. Cipolla for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 94% of the total compensation paid to Ms. Cipolla as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Stock Option Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares, of which all are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $3,553 in fiscal 2013 and approximately $2,072 in fiscal 2014.

On November 3, 2010, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 9,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $3,020 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize compensation expense of approximately $1,007 in fiscal 2015 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 12,500 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $2,185 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize compensation expense of approximately $2,185 in fiscal 2015 and $545 in fiscal 2016 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 25, 2012, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 12,500 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $1,114 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $1,485 in fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $1,485 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $371 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 4,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $209 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $417 in fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $417 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $208 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Ms. Cipolla was granted an option to purchase 15,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $1,974 of compensation expense for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $2,632 in each of fiscal 2015, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2017 and $658 in fiscal 2018 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

All Other Compensation.

Ms. Cipolla is eligible to participate in COBRA health insurance and in any other benefits generally available to our employees. She received “other compensation” for these benefits generally available to all of our employees, including insurance payments for health insurance, life insurance, short term disability and long term disability premiums. 

Change of Control Agreement.

Ms. Cipolla is eligible to receive three months compensation in the event of a change-of-control. For additional details, please see the section titled “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-of-Control”.

Alan Symmons

Cash Compensation (Base Salary).

Mr. Symmons earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $174,327. This represents his annual base salary for fiscal 2014. The base salary paid to Mr. Symmons for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 94% of the total compensation paid to Mr. Symmons as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Stock Options Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $3,553 in fiscal 2013 and approximately $2,072 in fiscal 2014.

On November 3, 2010, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 7,000 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $2,349 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize compensation expense of approximately $784 in fiscal 2015 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 12,500 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, the Company recognized compensation expense of $2,185 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize compensation expense of approximately $2,185 in fiscal 2015 and $545 in fiscal 2016 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 25, 2012, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 12,500 shares. One-fourth of the option shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $1,114 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $1,485 in fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $1,485 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $371 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 4,000 shares. One-fourth of the options shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $209 of compensation expense for fiscal 2013 and $417 for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $417 in each of fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $208 in fiscal 2017 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Symmons was granted an option to purchase 15,000 shares. One-fourth of the options shares vests on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the option, we recognized $1,974 of compensation expense for fiscal 2014. We expect to recognize compensation expense of approximately $2,632 in each of fiscal 2015, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2017 and $658 in fiscal 2018 under ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

All Other Compensation.

Mr. Symmons is eligible to participate in COBRA health insurance and in any other benefits generally available to our employees. He received “other compensation” for these benefits generally available to all of our employees, including insurance payments for health insurance, life insurance, short term disability and long term disability premiums. 

Change of Control Agreement.

Mr. Symmons is eligible to receive three months compensation in the event of a change-of-control. For additional details, please see below.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-of-Control

The following table provides change-of-control payments due to the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. These payments would be due to the executive officers in the event of a change-of-control.

All unvested stock options for Mr. Gaynor immediately vests upon a change-of-control. If Mr. Gaynor is terminated without cause, he is entitled to three months paid COBRA benefits.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, a public offering of the common stock of the Company shall not be considered a change-of-control.  

(2) Payments made pursuant to a change-of-control to Mr. Gaynor would be paid in a lump sum and would only be paid out in the event Mr. Gaynor was no longer employed by the Company.

(3) Payments made pursuant to a change-of-control to Ms. Cipolla or Mr. Symmons would occur according to our normal payroll schedule and would only be paid out in the event they were no longer employed by the Company.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The stock options are issued pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan and have a ten year life. The awards will terminate 90 days after termination of employment.

Director Compensation

The Company uses a combination of cash and stock-based incentive compensation to attract and retain qualified candidates to serve on its Board. In setting director compensation, the Company considers the significant amount of time that directors expend in fulfilling their duties to the Company as well as the skill-level required by the Company of members of the Board.

Cash Compensation Paid to Board Members

For fiscal year 2005 through September 30, 2013, all non-employee members of the Board received a retainer of $2,000 per month, paid quarterly. The monthly retainer was increased to $2,500 in October 2013. There are no meeting attendance fees paid unless, by action of the Board, such fees are deemed advisable due to a special project or other effort requiring extra-normal commitment of time and effort. Additionally, the following fees are paid to the Chairman of the Board and Committee Chairmen on a quarterly basis for their responsibilities overseeing their respective functions:

Directors who are employees of the Company receive no compensation for their service as directors.

Stock Option/Restricted Stock Program

All directors are eligible to receive equity incentives under the Company’s Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan, including stock options, restricted stock awards or units. In fiscal 2014, the following directors received grants under the Company’s Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan:

Director Summary Compensation Table

The table below summarizes the compensation paid by the Company to non-employee directors for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014.

Narrative Disclosure of Summary Compensation Table of Directors

The following is a narrative discussion of the material information which we believe is necessary to understand the information disclosed in the previous tables. The following narrative disclosure is separated into sections, with a separate section for each of our directors, expect for Mr. Gaynor.

Robert Ripp

Cash Compensation (Base Fees and Position Fees).

Mr. Ripp earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $88,500 of which $22,500 was due in accounts payable at year end. This represents his retainer and chairman fees for fiscal 2014. The base fees to Mr. Ripp for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 68% of the total fees paid to Mr. Ripp as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Mr. Ripp was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,807 in fiscal 2013 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On November 3, 2010, Mr. Ripp was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,450 in fiscal 2013 and $4,487 in fiscal 2014 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Mr. Ripp was granted a restricted stock unit for 29,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,437 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $3,358 in fiscal 2015 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Ripp was granted a restricted stock unit for 40,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,767 in fiscal 2013 and $11,533 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $11,533 in fiscal 2015 and $5,766 in fiscal 2016 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Ripp was granted a restricted stock unit for 35,460 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $12,519 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $16,296 in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $4,173 in fiscal 2017 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

Sohail Khan

Cash Compensation (Base Fees and Position Fees).

Mr. Khan earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $28,500 of which $7,500 was due in accounts payable at year end. This represents his retainer for fiscal 2014. The base fees to Mr. Khan for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 40% of the total fees paid to Mr. Khan as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Mr. Khan was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,807 in fiscal 2013 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On November 3, 2010, Mr. Khan was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,450 in fiscal 2013 and $4,487 in fiscal 2014 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Mr. Khan was granted a restricted stock unit for 29,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,437 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $3,358 in fiscal 2015 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Khan was granted a restricted stock unit for 40,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,767 in fiscal 2013 and $11,533 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $11,533 in fiscal 2015 and $5,766 in fiscal 2016 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Khan was granted a restricted stock unit for 35,460 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $12,519 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $16,292 in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $4,173 in fiscal 2017 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

Dr. Steven Brueck

Cash Compensation (Base Fees and Position Fees).

Dr. Brueck earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $28,500 of which $7,500 due in accounts payable at year end. This represents his retainer for fiscal 2014. The base fees to Dr. Brueck for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 40% of the total fees paid to Dr. Brueck as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Dr. Brueck was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,807 in fiscal 2013 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On November 3, 2010, Dr. Brueck was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,450 in fiscal 2013 and $4,487 in fiscal 2014 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Dr. Brueck was granted a restricted stock unit for 29,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,437 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $3,358 in fiscal 2015 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Dr. Brueck was granted a restricted stock unit for 40,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,767 in fiscal 2013 and $11,533 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $11,533 in fiscal 2015 and $5,766 in fiscal 2016 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Dr. Brueck was granted a restricted stock unit for 35,460 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $12,519 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $16,692 in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $4,173 in fiscal 2017 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

Louis Leeburg

Cash Compensation (Base Fees and Position Fees).

Mr. Leeburg earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $36,500 of which $9,500 was due in accounts payable at year end. This represents his retainer and audit committee chair fee for fiscal 2014. The base fees to Mr. Leeburg for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 47% of the total fees paid to Mr. Leeburg as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards.

On February 4, 2010, Mr. Leeburg was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,807 in fiscal 2013 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On November 3, 2010, Mr. Leeburg was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares, all of which are now vested. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,450 in fiscal 2013 and $4,487 in fiscal 2014 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 27, 2011, Mr. Leeburg was granted a restricted stock unit for 29,000 shares. One-third of the shares on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $13,437 in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $3,358 in fiscal 2015 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Leeburg was granted a restricted stock unit for 40,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,767 in fiscal 2013 and $11,533 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $11,533 in fiscal 2015 and $5,766 in fiscal 2016 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Leeburg was granted a restricted stock unit for 35,460 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $12,519 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $16,692 in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $4,173 in fiscal 2017 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

M. Scott Faris

Cash Compensation (Base Fees and Position Fees).

Mr. Faris earned total cash compensation for his services to the Company in fiscal 2014 in the amount of $28,500 of which $7,500 was due in accounts payable at year end. This represents his retainer for fiscal 2014. The base fees to Mr. Faris for fiscal 2014 constituted approximately 50% of the total fees paid to Mr. Faris as set forth in the “Total” column in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Long-Term Equity Incentive Awards.

On December 23, 2011, Mr. Faris was granted a restricted stock unit for 15,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $4,950 in both fiscal 2013 and in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $2,061 in fiscal 2015 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On January 31, 2013, Mr. Faris was granted a restricted stock unit for 40,000 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $5,767 in fiscal 2013 and $11,533 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $11,533 in fiscal 2015 and $5,766 in fiscal 2016 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

On October 31, 2013, Mr. Faris was granted a restricted stock unit for 35,460 shares. One-third of the shares vests on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. Based on the vesting schedule of the stock, the Company recognized compensation expense of $12,519 in fiscal 2014 and expects to recognize $16,692 in fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2016 and $4,173 in fiscal 2017 in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation.

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table sets forth as of June 30, 2014, the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal year, information regarding (i) all compensation plans previously approved by our stockholders and (ii) all compensation plans not previously approved by our stockholders:

Equity Compensation Plans

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The following table sets forth, as of September 1, 2014, the number and percentage of outstanding shares of the Company's Class A common stock, owned by: (i) each director (which includes all nominees) at such date, (ii) each of the named executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table for Executive Officers in Item 11 above, (iii) directors and named executive officers of the Company as a group, and (iv) each person known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding Class A common stock of the Company. The number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding as of September 1, 2014 was 14,296,910.

The number of shares beneficially owned by each director, named executive officer and greater than 5% beneficial owner is determined under SEC rules, and the information is not necessarily indicative of the beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares to which the individual has the sole or shared voting power or investment power and also any shares which the individual has the right to acquire within 60 days of September 1, 2014, through the exercise of any stock option or other right to purchase, such as a warrant. Unless otherwise indicated, each person has sole investment and voting power (or shares such power with his or her spouse) with respect to the shares set forth in the following table. In certain instances, the number of shares listed may include, in addition to shares owned directly, shares held by the spouse or children of the person, or by a trust or estate of which the person is a trustee or an executor or in which the person may have a beneficial interest. The table that follows is based upon information supplied in a questionnaire completed by each named executive officer and director and stockholders beneficially owning greater than 5% of our Class A common stock.

*Less than 1%

Notes:

(1) Except as otherwise noted, each of the parties listed above has sole voting and investment power over the securities listed. The address for all directors and officers is “in care of” LightPath Technologies, Inc., 2603 Challenger Tech Court, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32826. The address for Berg & Berg Enterprises, LLC, as filed on a Schedule 13G filed February 14, 2008, is 10050 Bandley Drive, Cupertino, CA, 94014. The address for Pudong Science and Technology (Cayman) Co. Ltd., as filed on a Schedule 13G filed August 15, 2013, is 13 Building, No. 439, Chunxiao Rd., Zhangjiang High-tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, PRC.

(2) Restricted stock units awarded to our directors vest over three years. All directors have elected to defer receipt of the shares until after they leave the Board, either by reason of resignation, termination or otherwise, therefore these shares remain unissued. All unvested restricted stock units for directors will vest upon their resignation or termination from the Board. The amount of restricted stock above reflects both vested and unvested shares included in the restricted stock unit awards. The amounts of vested shares for each director are as follow: Mr. Ripp – 119,366, Mr. Leeburg – 119,366, Mr. Khan – 120,566, Dr. Brueck – 119,366 and Mr. Faris – 23,333.

(3) Does not include 7,812 shares of Class A common stock and warrants to purchase 15,000 shares of Class A common stock which are owned by trusts for Mr. Ripp's adult children and for which he disclaims beneficial ownership.

(4) Includes 36,100 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Mr. Ripp has the right to acquire. Mr. Ripp holds options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 36,100 shares of Class A common stock.

(5) Includes 6,555 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Mr. Leeburg has the right to acquire. Mr. Leeburg holds warrants which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 455 shares of Class A common stock and options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 6,100 shares of Class A common stock.

(6) Includes 6,100 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Mr. Khan has the right to acquire. Specifically, Mr. Khan holds options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 6,100 shares of Class A common stock.

(7) Includes 6,100 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Dr. Brueck has the right to acquire. Dr. Brueck holds options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 6,100 shares of Class A common stock.

(8) Includes 214,728 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Mr. Gaynor has the right to acquire. Mr. Gaynor holds warrants which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 228 shares of Class A common stock and options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 214,500 shares of Class A common stock. This amount does not include 83,500 shares of Class A common stock underlying options which remain unvested.

(9) Includes 82,125 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Ms. Cipolla has the right to acquire. Specifically, Ms. Cipolla holds options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 82,125 shares of Class A common stock. This amount does not include 25,875 shares of Class A common stock underlying options which remain unvested.

(10) Includes 45,625 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Mr. Symmons has the right to acquire. Mr. Symmons holds options which are currently exercisable for an aggregate of 45,625 shares of Class A common stock. This amount does not include 25,375 shares of Class A common stock underlying options which remain unvested.

(11) Excludes 73,233 shares of Class A common stock with respect to which Berg & Berg Enterprises, LLC (“BBE”) may have the right to acquire in the future. BBE holds warrants which would be exercisable for an aggregate of 73,233 shares of Class A common stock. However, neither BBE nor the Company is able to effect any exercise of the warrants to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise BBE would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares issuable upon exercise warrants. Given that BBE currently holds 18.9% of the issued and outstanding share of Class A common stock, the warrants cannot be exercised.

(12) Pudong Science and Technology Investment (Cayman) Co., Ltd. is wholly owned by Shanghai Pudong Science and Technology Investment Co., Ltd., and for purposes hereof is also deemed as a beneficial owner of the shares.

There are no arrangements known to the Company which may at a subsequent date result in a change-in-control.

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

When the Company is contemplating entering into any transaction in which any executive officer, director, nominee or any family member of the foregoing would have any direct or indirect interest, regardless of the amount involved, the terms of such transaction have to be presented to the full Board of Directors (other than any interested director) for approval. The Board has not adopted a written policy for related party transaction review but when presented with such transaction, they are discussed by the full Board of Directors and documented in the board minutes.

We entered into the SPA with Pudong with respect to a private placement of our Class A common stock. At the time we entered into the SPA, Pudong was a stockholder beneficially owning greater than 5% of our Class A common stock. Based on Pudong’s ownership percentage as of the date of the SPA and assuming the final per share purchase price equals the initial per share purchase price, we estimate that the value of the interest to be acquired by Pudong could equal $3,037,500; however, this amount may increase or decrease based upon various factors.

Director Independence

In accordance with NCM and SEC rules, the Board affirmatively determines the independence of each director and nominee for election as a director in accordance with guidelines it has adopted, which include all elements of independence set forth in the NCM listing standards. Based on these standards, the Board has determined that each of the following non-employee directors is independent and has no relationship with the Company, except as a director and stockholder of the Company.

All of the members of the audit and compensation committees are also independent.

Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

The following table presents fees paid or to be paid for professional audit services rendered by Cross, Fernandez & Riley, LLP (“CFR”) for the audit of the Company’s annual financial statements during the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and fees billed for other services rendered by CFR:

The Audit Committee has adopted policies and procedures to oversee the external audit process including engagement letters, estimated fees and solely pre-approving all permitted audit and non-audit work performed by CFR. The Audit Committee has pre-approved all fees for audit and non-audit work performed.

PART IV

Item 15.    Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)   The following documents are filed as part of this report:

  (1)   Financial Statements – See Index on page F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets—As of June 30, 2014 and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income—For the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity—For the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—For the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(b) The following exhibits are filed herewith as a part of this report. 

Notes:

 1.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 (File No: 33-80119) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 1995 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

2.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 10-KSB40 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 11, 1997 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

3.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 1997 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

4.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-47905) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 13, 1998 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

5.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 1998 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

6.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No: 333-94303) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2000 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

7.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 24, 2003 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

8.   This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 10-KSB filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2000 and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

9.   The Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan, dated October 15, 2002 was filed as an exhibit to our Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 12, 2002. Amendment No. 1, dated October 20, 2004 and Amendment No. 2, dated December 6, 2004, were filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-121389) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2004. Amendment No. 3, dated November 1, 2007 and Amendment No. 4, dated January 1, 2009, were filed as an exhibit to our Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 10, 2012. Amendment No. 5 dated January 1, 2013 was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2013.

10. This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 12, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

11. This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 20, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

12.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 9, 2010, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

13.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No, 333-121385) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

14.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 11, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

15.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

16.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 16, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

17.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 8, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

18.  This exhibit was filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 16, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.

* filed herewith

LightPath Technologies, Inc.

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors

LightPath Technologies, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of LightPath Technologies, Inc., and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing our audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2014 and 2013, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Cross, Fernandez and Riley, LLP

Certified Public Accountants

Orlando, Florida

September 4, 2014

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

LIGHTPATH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity

Years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

1.    Organization and History

Organization and History

LightPath Technologies, Inc. (“LightPath”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) was incorporated in Delaware in 1992. It was the successor to LightPath Technologies Limited Partnership formed in 1989, and its predecessor, Integrated Solar Technologies Corporation formed in 1985. On April 14, 2000, the Company acquired Horizon Photonics, Inc. (“Horizon”). On September 20, 2000, the Company acquired Geltech, Inc. (“Geltech”). The Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) during fiscal 1996. In November 2005, we formed LightPath Optical Instrumentation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd (“LPOI”), a wholly-owned manufacturing subsidiary, located in Jiading, People’s Republic of China. In December 2013, we formed LightPath Optical Instrumentation (Zhenjiang) Co., Ltd (“LPOIZ”), a wholly-owned manufacturing subsidiary, located in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China.

LightPath is a manufacturer and integrator of families of precision molded aspheric optics, high-performance fiber-optic collimator, GRADIUM glass lenses and other optical materials used to produce products that manipulate light. The Company designs, develops, manufactures and distributes optical components and assemblies utilizing the latest optical processes and advanced manufacturing technologies. The Company also performs research and development for optical solutions for the traditional optics markets and communications markets. As used herein, the terms LightPath, the Company, we, us or our, refer to LightPath individually or, as the context requires, collectively with its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in the bank and temporary investments with maturities of 90 days or less when purchased.

Allowance for accounts receivable, is calculated by taking 100% of the total of invoices that are over 90 days past due from the due date and 10% of the total of invoices that are over 60 days past due from the due date for U.S. based accounts and 100% of invoices that are over 120 days past due for China based accounts. Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. Recovery of bad debt amounts previously written off is recorded as a reduction of bad debt expense in the period the payment is collected. If the Company’s actual collection experience changes, revisions to its allowance may be required. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.

Inventories, which consist principally of raw materials, tooling, work-in-process and finished lenses, collimators and assemblies are stated at the lower of cost or market, on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventory costs include materials, labor and manufacturing overhead. Acquisition of goods from our vendors has a purchase burden added to cover customs, shipping and handling costs. Fixed costs related to excess manufacturing capacity have been expensed. We look at the following criteria for parts to consider for the inventory reserve: items that have not been sold in two years or that have not been purchased in two years or of which we have more than a two-year supply.  These items as identified are reserved at 100%, as well as reserving 50% for other items deemed to be slow moving within the last twelve months and reserving 25% for items deemed to have low material usage within the last six months. The parts identified are adjusted for recent order and quote activity to determine the final inventory reserve. In the third quarter of fiscal 2013 we placed a 100% reserve on our isolator inventories due to our current sales forecast for this product line.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2014, we changed our classification of tooling costs associated with inventory costing. Previously, the majority of such costs were classified within property and equipment on the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic amortization of such costs was included in the pool of production overhead costs, a portion of which was capitalized into inventory. We are now classifying tooling costs as a direct inventory cost into specific products through our production costing processes.

This change was made to more accurately compute our standard costs and to reflect the process used to quote and internally estimate product costs overall. The Company believes this reclassification is preferable as it will provide greater precision in the costing of inventory and product pricing, which will enable us to better manage our margins, control our pricing and value our inventory. Since this change will more effectively value inventory based on historical tool usage factors and by individual part numbers, the result will be an increase in the accuracy of reporting the value of inventory and an improvement of matching costs with revenue. In addition, since the implementation of the new inventory accounting system, our operations have been managed based on data provided from the perpetual inventory system. By tracking and valuing inventory based on perpetual records, financial reporting is better aligned with operations. Furthermore, the material requirements planning module now provides on hand and projected quantities of tools.

The majority of the impact of this change resulted in a decrease in gross cost of property and equipment by approximately $889,000, less accumulated amortization of approximately $463,000, or a net decrease of approximately $426,000 during the second quarter of fiscal 2014.

Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets ranging from one to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method.

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to its estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.

Deferred rent relates to certain of the Company’s operating leases containing predetermined fixed increases of the base rental rate during the lease term being recognized as rental expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has recorded the difference between the amounts charged to operations and amounts payable under the leases as deferred rent in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred revenue relates to a $1.1 million purchase order from Raytheon Vision Systems (“Raytheon”) for which revenue is recognized on a percentage of completion basis. The Company is using the “cost-to-cost method” to allow it to measure progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs. The Company recorded in deferred revenue, or other receivables, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, based on the difference between the amounts invoiced on the project and the amount recognized into revenue or expenses incurred. As of June 30, 2014, the Company invoiced $988,500 and recognized $1,060,629 as revenue with the difference of $72,030 recorded as other receivables which was billed in the first quarter of fiscal 2015. At June 30, 2014, we had $25,000 of billed accounts receivable outstanding with respect to this purchase order. The project was completed in July 2014.

The Company recognized and recorded $50,000 in license income in “other income (expense), net” in September 2012. The transaction is being accounted for under the guidance of ASC 605-10, Revenue Recognition, in which all fees under the agreement are expected to be collectible in full, the licensing arrangement is exclusive and the term of the license extends beyond the remaining life of the patents.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed on the basis of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based upon enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances have been established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company has not recognized a liability for uncertain tax positions. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits or penalties has not been provided since there has been no unrecognized benefit or penalty. If there were an unrecognized tax benefit or penalty, the Company would recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses.

The Company files U.S. Federal income tax returns, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company's open tax years subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and the Florida Department of Revenue generally remain open for three years from the date of filing.

Revenue is recognized from product sales when products are shipped to the customer, provided that the Company has received a valid purchase order, the price is fixed, title has transferred, collection of the associated receivable is reasonably assured, and there are no remaining significant obligations. Revenues from product development agreements are recognized as milestones and are completed in accordance with the terms of the agreements and upon shipment of products, reports or designs to the customer. Invoiced amounts for sales for value-added taxes (VAT) are posted to the balance sheet and not included in revenue.

New product development costs are expensed as incurred.

Stock-based compensation is measured at grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period.  We estimate the fair value of each restricted stock unit or stock option as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model. Most awards granted under our Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan (the"Plan”) vest ratably over two to four years and generally have four to ten-year contract lives.  The volatility rate is based on historical trends in common stock closing prices and the expected term was determined based primarily on historical experience of previously outstanding awards.  The interest rate used is the U.S. Treasury interest rate for constant maturities. The likelihood of meeting targets for option grants that are performance based are evaluated each quarter. If it is determined that meeting the targets is probable then the compensation expense will be amortized over the remaining vesting period.

Management estimates. Management makes estimates and assumptions during the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes available, which in turn could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.

Financial instruments. The Company accounts for financial instruments in accordance with ASC 820, which provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands required disclosure about fair value measurements of assets and liabilities.  ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing.

Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of June 30, 2014.  

The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values.  These financial instruments which include cash, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities.  Fair values were assumed to approximate carrying values for these financial instruments since they are short term in nature and their carrying amounts approximate fair values or they are receivable or payable on demand. The fair value of the Company’s loan payable approximates its carrying value based upon current rates available to the Company.

The Company values its warrant liabilities based on open-form option pricing models which, based on the relevant inputs, render the fair value measurement at Level 3. The Company bases its estimates of fair value for warrant liabilities on the amount it would pay a third-party market participant to transfer the liability and incorporates inputs such as equity prices, historical and implied volatilities, dividend rates and prices of convertible securities issued by comparable companies maximizing the use of observable inputs when available. See further discussion at Note 17.

The Company does not have any other financial or non-financial assets or liabilities that would be characterized as Level 2 or Level 3 instruments.

Derivative financial instruments. The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which requires additional disclosures about the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivative instruments, how the derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for, and how the derivative instruments and related hedging items affect the financial statements.

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risk.  Terms of convertible debt instruments are reviewed to determine whether or not they contain embedded derivative instruments that are required under ASC 815 to be accounted for separately from the host contract, and recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.  The fair value of derivative liabilities, if any, is required to be revalued at each reporting date, with corresponding changes in fair value recorded in current period operating results.

Freestanding warrants issued by the Company in connection with the issuance or sale of debt and equity instruments are considered to be derivative instruments.  Pursuant to ASC 815, an evaluation of specifically identified conditions is made to determine whether the fair value of warrants issued is required to be classified as equity or as a derivative liability.

Comprehensive income (loss) of the Company is defined as the change in equity (net assets) of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources.  It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.  Comprehensive income (loss) has two components, net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), and is included on the statement of operations and comprehensive income. Our other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments made for financial reporting purposes.

Business segments are required to be reported by the Company. As the Company only operates in principally one business segment, no additional reporting is required.

Recent accounting pronouncements. There are several new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") which are not yet effective. Management does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements will have a material impact on the Company's financial position or operating results.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, A Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists,” which amends ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” This new guidance requires that a liability related to an unrecognized tax benefit be offset against a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward if certain criteria are met. The provisions of this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15,2013. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance during fiscal 2015 and does not expect the adoption to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2014-09), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP.

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements and has not yet determined the method by which it will adopt the standard in the quarter ending September 30, 2017.

3.    Inventories – net

The components of inventories include the following:

During fiscal years 2014 and 2013, the Company evaluated all reserved items and disposed of $77,564 and $9,174, respectively, of parts and wrote them off against the reserve.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2014, gross tooling costs of $889,000, less accumulated amortization of approximately $463,000, were reclassified from fixed assets and $20,102 was reclassified from prepaid expenses into inventory. The value of tooling in raw materials was $912,573 at June 30, 2014.

Inventory increase $1.55 million from June 30, 2013 primarily due to higher tool inventory, the start-up of the LPOI2 Zhenjiang facility and the ramp up of infrared production. $913,000 of this inventory change was related to tooling. $466,000 was due to a re-class of tooling from fixed assets and prepaid expenses to inventory. The remainder of the tooling change was due to a business decision to increase the level of raw material used in the fabrication of our tooling.

4.     Property and Equipment – net

Property and equipment consist of the following:

During fiscal years 2014 and 2013, fully depreciated manufacturing equipment and computer equipment in the amount of $0 and $4,800, respectively, was written off as abandoned assets. In fiscal 2013, tooling once fully amortized was disposed. Disposals for tooling were $553,300 for fiscal 2013.

5.    Intangible Assets – net

Intangible assets consist of the following:

Amortization expense related to intangible assets totaled approximately $35,000 and $33,000 during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The intangible assets are fully amortized as of June 30, 2014.

6.    Accounts Payable

The accounts payable balance includes $54,500 and $51,300 representing earned but unpaid board of directors’ fees as of June 30, 2014 and June 30, 2013, respectively.

7.    Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred stock—The Company’s preferred stock consists of the following:

Authorized 5,000,000 shares of Series D preferred stock, $.01 par value. The stockholders of Series D preferred stock are entitled to one vote for each share held.

Common stock—The Company’s common stock consists of the following:

Authorized 40,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $.01 par value. The stockholders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held.

Warrants

Warrants shares outstanding at June 30, 2014 equal 2,127,230 and include:

  During fiscal 2014, the Company received approximately $1,539,000 in net proceeds from the exercise of warrants. The Company issued 1,136,143 shares of common stock in connection with these exercises. The exercise prices ranged from $0.87 to $1.89 per share of common stock.

8.    Income Taxes

Due to the Company’s losses from operations, no provision for income taxes during the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows at June 30:

The reconciliation of income tax attributable to operations computed at the United States federal statutory tax rates and the actual tax provision of zero results primarily from the change in the valuation allowance.

In assessing the potential future recognition of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. In order to fully realize the deferred tax asset, the Company will need to generate future taxable income of approximately $88.0 million prior to the expiration of net operating loss carry-forwards from 2015 through 2034. Based on the level of historical taxable income, management has provided for a valuation adjustment against the deferred tax assets of $35,136,000 at June 30, 2014, a decrease of approximately $2,098,000 over June 30, 2013.

At June 30, 2014, in addition to net operating loss carry forwards, the Company also has research and development credit carry forwards of approximately $1,454,000, of which $38,505 will expire if unused by June 30, 2019. A portion of the net operating loss carry forwards may be subject to certain limitations of the Internal Revenue Code Sections 382 and 383 which would restrict the annual utilization in future periods due principally to changes in ownership in prior periods.

9.    Compensatory Equity Incentive Plan and Other Equity Incentives

Share-based payment arrangements — The Company’s Amended and Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) included several available forms of stock compensation of which incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units have been granted to date.

These plans are summarized below:

The 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) permits employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions, which may not exceed 15% of an employee’s compensation, at a price not less than 85% of the market value of the stock on specified dates (June 30 and December 31). In no event may any participant purchase more than $25,000 worth of shares in any calendar year and an employee may purchase no more than 4,000 shares on any purchase date. This discount of $755 and $898 for fiscal 2014 and 2013, respectively, is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying financial statements.

Grant Date Fair Values and Underlying Assumptions; Contractual Terms—The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option as of the date of grant. The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model. The ESPP fair value is the amount of the discount the employee obtains at the date of the purchase transaction.

For stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted in the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the Company estimated the fair value of each stock award as of the date of grant using the following assumptions:

Most awards granted under the Company’s Plan vest ratably over two to four years and generally have three-year to ten-year contract lives. The initial assumed forfeiture rate used in calculating the fair value of option grants with both performance and service conditions was approximately 20% for 2014 and 2013. The forfeiture rate for RSUs was 0% for both 2014 and 2013. The volatility rate is based on historical trends in common stock closing prices and the expected term was determined based primarily on historical experience of previously outstanding awards. The interest rate used is the treasury interest rate for constant maturities. The forfeiture rate for RSUs for directors is 0% because upon termination of service as a director, all outstanding RSUs immediately vest.

Information Regarding Current Share-based Payment Awards—A summary of the activity for share-based payment awards in the years ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 is presented below: