Lightwave Logic, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________

FORM 10-Q

____________________

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

OR

For the transition period from _____________to _____________

Commission File Number 0-52567

Lightwave Logic, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Date File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ¨ No þ

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of May 9, 2018 was 75,515,193.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Forward-Looking Statements

This report on Form 10-Q contains, and our officers and representatives may from time to time make, "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as: "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "goal," "seek," "believe," "project," "estimate," "expect," “continuing,” “ongoing,” "strategy," "future," "likely," "may," "should," “could,” "will" and similar references to future periods. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding expected operating results, such as anticipated revenue; anticipated levels of capital expenditures for our current fiscal year; our belief that we have sufficient liquidity to fund our business operations during the next 12 months; strategy for gaining customers, growth, product development, market position, financial results and reserves.

Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: lack of available funding; general economic and business conditions; competition from third parties; intellectual property rights of third parties; regulatory constraints; changes in technology and methods of marketing; delays in completing various engineering and manufacturing programs; changes in customer order patterns; changes in product mix; success in technological advances and delivering technological innovations; shortages in components; production delays due to performance quality issues with outsourced components; and other factors beyond the Company's control.

The ultimate correctness of these forward-looking statements depends upon a number of known and unknown risks and events. We discuss our known material risks under Item 1.A “Risk Factors” contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Many factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1

Financial Statements

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018

(UNAUDITED)

1

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

BALANCE SHEETS

See accompanying notes to these financial statements.

2

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDING MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying notes to these financial statements.

3

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

MARCH 31, 2018

See accompanying notes to these financial statements.

4

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(UNAUDITED)

See accompanying notes to these financial statements.

5

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared by Lightwave Logic, Inc. (the Company). These statements include all adjustments (consisting only of its normal recurring adjustments) which management believes necessary for a fair presentation of the statements and have been prepared on a consistent basis using the accounting polices described in the Summary of Accounting Policies included in the 2017 Annual Report. Certain financial information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, although the Company firmly believes that the accompanying disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The interim operating results for the three months ending March 31, 2018 may not be indicative of operating results expected for the full year.

History and Nature of Business

Lightwave Logic, Inc. is a technology company focused on the development of next generation photonic devices and non-linear optical polymer materials systems for applications in high speed fiber-optic data communications and optical computing markets. Currently the Company is in various stages of photonic device and materials development and evaluation with potential customers and strategic partners. The Company expects to obtain a revenue stream from datacom and telecom devices, sales of non-linear optical polymers, and product development agreements prior to moving into full-scale production.

The Company’s current development activities are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including failing to secure additional funding to operationalize the Company’s technology now under development.

Stock-based Payments

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 718, "Compensation - Stock Compensation", which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values on the grant date. The Company estimates the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the shorter of the vesting period or the requisite service periods using the straight-line method. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards to nonemployees in accordance with FASB ASC 505-50, "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees (“ASC 505-50”). Under ASC 505-50, the Company determines the fair value of the warrants or stock-based compensation awards granted as either the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. All issuances of stock options or other equity instruments to non-employees as consideration for goods or services received by the Company are accounted for based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued. Any stock options issued to non-employees are recorded as an expense and additional paid in capital in stockholders’ equity over the applicable service periods. Non-employee equity based payments are recorded as an expense over the service period, as if the Company had paid cash for the services. At the end of each financial reporting period, prior to vesting or prior to the completion of the services, the fair value of the equity based payments will be re-measured and the non-cash expense recognized during the period will be adjusted accordingly. Since the fair value of equity based payments granted to non-employees is subject to change in the future, the amount of the future expense will include fair value re-measurements until the equity based payments are fully vested or the service completed.

Loss Per Share

The Company follows FASB ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”, resulting in the presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Because the Company reported a net loss in 2018 and 2017, common stock equivalents, including stock options and warrants were anti-dilutive; therefore, the amounts reported for basic and dilutive loss per share were the same.

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LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 1- SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

Comprehensive Income

The Company follows FASB ASC 220.10, “Reporting Comprehensive Income.” Comprehensive income is a more inclusive financial reporting methodology that includes disclosure of certain financial information that historically has not been recognized in the calculation of net income (loss). Since the Company has no items of other comprehensive income, comprehensive income (loss) is equal to net loss.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014 and April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 and No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which deferred the effective date of Update 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Since the Company is a development stage company with no revenue, the adoption on January 1, 2018 of this amendment had no effect on the financial statements. When the Company begins to recognize revenue, it will adhere to the guidance in the amendment.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

As of March 31, 2018, there are no recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted which would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE 2 – MANAGEMENT’S PLANS

As a technology company focusing on the development of the next generation photonic devices and non-linear optical polymer materials systems, substantial net losses have been incurred since inception. The Company has satisfied capital requirements since inception primarily through the issuance and sale of its common stock. As of May 10, 2018, the Company has a cash position of approximately $2,750,000. Based upon the current cash position and expenditures of approximately $485,000 per month and no debt service, management believes the Company has sufficient funds to finance its operations through September 2018. In January 2016, the Company signed a purchase agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor to sell up to $20,000,000 of common stock. Under the Purchase Agreement and at Company's sole discretion, the institutional investor has committed to invest up to $20,000,000 in common stock over a 36-month period with the remaining available amount of $11,280,750. The Company has raised $8,268,950 as of March 31, 2018. Since April 1, 2018, the Company has raised an additional $450,300.

NOTE 3 – PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

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LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 4 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consists of the following:

Depreciation expense for the three months ending March 31, 2018 and 2017 was $46,629 and $44,878. During the first quarter of 2018, the Company sold equipment for proceeds of $2,500 and a gain of $2,500. During the three months ending March 31, 2018, the Company retired assets and recorded a loss on the retirement of $12,584. During the three months ending March 31, 2017, the Company did not retire property and equipment.

NOTE 5 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS

This represents legal fees and patent fees associated with the prosecution of patent applications. The Company has recorded amortization expense on patents granted, which are amortized over the remaining legal life. Maintenance patent fees are paid to a government patent authority to maintain a granted patent in force. Some countries require the payment of maintenance fees for pending patent applications. Maintenance fees paid after a patent is granted are expensed, as these are considered ongoing costs to “maintain a patent”. Maintenance fees paid prior to a patent grant date are capitalized to patent costs, as these are considered “patent application costs”. No amortization expense has been recorded on the remaining patent applications since patents have yet to be granted.

Patents consists of the following:

Amortization expense for the three months ending March 31, 2018 and 2017 was $11,743 and $3,973. There were no patent costs written off for the three months ending March 31, 2018 and 2017.

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LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 6 – COMMITMENTS

On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into a new lease to lease approximately 13,420 square feet of office, laboratory and research and development space located in Colorado for the Company’s new principal executive offices and research and development facility. The term of the lease is sixty- one (61) months, beginning on November 1, 2017 and ending on November 30, 2022. The term shall be extended for an additional twenty-four (24) months, subject to certain conditions, waivable solely by Landlord in its sole and absolute discretion. Base rent for the first year of the lease term is approximately $168,824, with an increase in annual base rent of approximately 3% in each subsequent year of the lease term. As specified in the lease, the Company paid the landlord (i) all base rent for the period November 1, 2017 and ending on October 31, 2019, in the sum of $347,045.68; and (ii) the estimated amount of tenant’s proportionate share of operating expenses for the same period in the sum of $186,293.04.

Commencing on November 1, 2019, monthly installments of base rent and one-twelfth of landlord’s estimate of tenant’s proportionate share of annual operating expenses shall be due on the first day of each calendar month. The lease also provides that (i) on November 1, 2019 landlord shall pay the Company for the cost of the cosmetic improvements in the amount of $3.00 per rentable square foot of the premises, and (ii) on or prior to November 1, 2019, the Company shall deposit with Landlord the sum of $36,524.76 as a security deposit which shall be held by landlord to secure the Company’s obligations under the lease. On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with the tenant leasing the premise from the landlord (“Original Lessee”) whereby the Original Lessee agreed to pay the Company the sum of $260,000 in consideration of the Company entering into the lease and landlord agreeing to the early termination of the Original Lessee’s lease agreement with landlord. The consideration of $260,000 was received on November 1, 2017.

The Company is obligated under an operating lease for office and laboratory space. The aggregate minimum future lease payments under the operating leases are as follows:

Rent expense approximating $60,065 and $18,715 is included in research and development and general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Rent expense approximating $25,502 and $4,852 is included in research and development and general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

NOTE 7 – INCOME TAXES

There is no income tax benefit for the losses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 since management has determined that the realization of the net deferred tax asset is not assured and has created a valuation allowance for the entire amount of such benefits.

The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as additional income taxes in the statement of operations. As of January 1, 2018, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits, or any tax related interest or penalties. There were no changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits during the period ended March 31, 2018. The Company did not recognize any interest or penalties during 2017 related to unrecognized tax benefits. With few exceptions, the U.S. and state income tax returns filed for the tax years ending on December 31, 2014 and thereafter are subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities.

9

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 8 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, the Company’s board of directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue series of preferred stock with any designations, rights and preferences as they may from time to time determine. The rights and preferences of this preferred stock may be superior to the rights and preferences of the Company’s common stock; consequently, preferred stock, if issued could have dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the common stock. Additionally, preferred stock, if issued, could be utilized, under special circumstances, as a method of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company’s business or a takeover from a third party.

Common Stock Options and Warrants

In January 2016, the Company signed a Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor to sell up to $20,000,000 of common stock. The Company also entered into a registration rights agreement with the institutional investor whereby the Company agreed to file a registration statement related to the transaction with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission registering 5,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The registration statement was filed on March 25, 2016. The registration statement became effective April 7, 2016. The Company registered an additional 5,000,000 shares pursuant to a registration statement filed on April 19, 2017 which became effective June 15, 2017. Under the Purchase Agreement and at Company's sole discretion, the institutional investor has committed to invest up to $20,000,000 in common stock over a 36-month period. The Company issued 350,000 shares of restricted common stock to the institutional investor as an initial commitment fee valued at $237,965, fair value, and 650,000 shares of common stock are reserved for additional commitment fees to the institutional investor in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement. During the period August 2016 through March 31, 2018, the institutional investor purchased 8,600,000 shares of common stock for proceeds of $8,268,950 and the Company issued 268,753 shares of common stock as additional commitment fee, valued at $297,207, fair value, leaving 381,247 in reserve for additional commitment fees. During the three month period ending March 31, 2018, the institutional investor purchased 900,000 shares of common stock for proceeds of $993,700 and the Company issued 32,298 shares of common stock as additional commitment fee, valued at $37,194, fair value. During April 2018, the institutional investor purchased 400,000 shares of common stock for proceeds of $450,300 and the Company issued 14,636 shares of common stock as additional commitment fee, valued at $17,062, fair value, leaving 366,611 in reserve for additional commitment fees.

NOTE 9 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

During 2007, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2007 Employee Stock Plan (“2007 Plan”) that was approved by the shareholders. Under the Plan, the Company is authorized to grant options to purchase up to 10,000,000 shares of common stock to directors, officers, employees and consultants who provide services to the Company. The Plan is intended to permit stock options granted to employees under the 2007 Plan to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Incentive Stock Options”). All options granted under the 2007 Plan, which are not intended to qualify as Incentive Stock Options are deemed to be non-qualified options (“Non-Statutory Stock Options”). Effective June 24, 2016, the 2007 Plan was terminated. As of March 31, 2018, options to purchase 4,695,000 shares of common stock have been issued and are outstanding.

During 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (“2016 Plan”) that was approved by the shareholders at the 2016 annual meeting of shareholders on May 20, 2016. Under the 2016 Plan, the Company is authorized to grant awards of incentive and non-qualified stock options and restricted stock to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock to employees, directors and consultants. As of March 31, 2018, options to purchase 1,935,000 shares of common stock have been issued and are outstanding and 1,065,000 shares of common stock remain available for grants under the 2016 Plan.

10

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 9 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED)

Both plans are administered by the Board of Directors or its compensation committee which determines the persons to whom awards will be granted, the number of awards to be granted, and the specific terms of each grant. Subject to the provisions regarding Ten Percent Shareholders, the exercise price per share of each option cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. Options granted under the 2016 Plan are generally exercisable for a period of 10 years from the date of grant and may vest on the grant date, another specified date or over a period of time.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of an award, with the following assumptions for 2018: no dividend yield in all years, expected volatility, based on the Company’s historical volatility, 63% to 65%, risk-free interest rate between 1.89% to 2.65% and expected option life of 5.0 to 5.56 years. The expected life is based on the estimated average of the life of options using the "simplified" method, as prescribed in FASB ASC 718, due to insufficient historical exercise activity during recent years.

As of March 31, 2018, there was $224,208 of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested market-based share awards that is expected to be recognized through March 31, 2020.

Share-based compensation was recognized as follows:

The following tables summarize all stock option and warrant activity of the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2018:

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LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2018 AND 2017

NOTE 9 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED)

The aggregate intrinsic value of options and warrants outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2018 was $7,168,711. The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and warrants and the closing stock price of $1.28 for the Company’s common stock on March 31, 2018. No options or warrants were exercised during the three month period ending March 31, 2018.

NOTE 10 – RELATED PARTY

At March 31, 2018 the Company had a legal accrual to a related party of $12,200, accounting service accrual and expense reimbursement to a related party of $14,710 and travel and office expense accruals of officers in the amount of $7,229. At December 31, 2017 the Company had a legal, accounting and computer service accrual to related party of $4,725 and travel and office expense accruals of officers in the amount of $4,045.

During July 2017, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $1.48 per share for professional services to be rendered over a twelve month period commencing July 1, 2017. The warrant was valued at $124,788, fair value upon issuance, using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Formula. The warrant was re-valued at $95,112, fair value at March 31, 2018. The expense is being recognized based on service terms of the agreement over a twelve month period. For the three months ending March 31, 2018, the Company recognized $25,337 of expense.

NOTE 11 – RETIREMENT PLAN

The Company established a 401(k) retirement plan covering all eligible employees beginning November 15, 2013. For the three months ending March 31, 2018 and 2017, a contribution of $5,607 and $5,642 was charged to expense for all eligible non-executive participants.

NOTE 12 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

During April 2018, a warrant to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $0.615 per share was exercised for proceeds of $61,500.

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Item 2

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements, included herewith. This discussion should not be construed to imply that the results discussed herein will necessarily continue into the future, or that any conclusion reached herein will necessarily be indicative of actual operating results in the future. Such discussion represents only the best present assessment of our management. This information should also be read in conjunction with our audited historical financial statements which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2017.

Overview

Lightwave Logic, Inc. is a development stage company whose P²IC^TM technology addresses advanced telecommunication, data communications, and data center markets utilizing its advanced organic electro-optic polymer systems. The Company currently has two business segments to support its development activities, its materials development segment, and its photonic device design and development segment.

Materials Development

The Company designs and synthesizes organic chromophores for use in its own proprietary electro-optic polymer systems and photonic device designs. A polymer system is not solely a material, but also encompasses various technical enhancements necessary for its implementation. These include host polymers, poling methodologies, and molecular spacer systems that are customized to achieve specific optical properties. Our organic electro-optic polymer systems compounds are mixed into solution form that allows for thin film application. Our proprietary electro-optic polymers are designed at the molecular level for potentially superior performance, stability and cost-efficiency. We believe they have the potential to replace more expensive, lower-performance materials and devices used in fiber-optic ground, wireless and satellite communication networks.

Our patented and patent pending molecular architectures are based on a well-understood chemical and quantum mechanical occurrence known as aromaticity. Aromaticity provides a high degree of molecular stability that enables our core molecular structures to maintain stability under a broad range of polymerization conditions that otherwise appear to affect other current polymer molecular designs.

We expect our patented and patent-pending optical materials along with trade secrets and licensed materials, to be the core of and the enabling technology for future generations of optical devices, modules, sub-systems and systems that we will develop or potentially out-license to electro-optic device manufacturers. The Company contemplates future applications that may address the needs of semiconductor companies, aerospace companies and government agencies.

Prototype Device Design and Development

Electro-optic Modulators

The Company designs its own proprietary electro-optical modulation devices. Electro-optical modulators convert data from electric signals (binary data) into optical signals that can then be transmitted over high-speed fiber-optic cables. These devices are key components that have historically limited the ability of telecommunications, data communications, data centers networks to keep up with the seemingly endless flow of data in the form of voice calls, text messages, pictures, video streaming that are being transmitted to a growing array of devices.

Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits (P²IC^TM)

The Company also designs its own proprietary Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuits. A Polymer Photonic Integrated Circuit is a photonic device that integrates several photonic functions on a single chip. We believe that our technology can enable the ultra-miniaturization needed to increase the number of photonic functions residing on a semiconductor chip to create a progression like what was seen in the computer integrated circuits, commonly referred to as Moore’s Law.

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Current photonic technology is based on inorganic crystalline materials, which due to physical limitations have not been able to address devices such as slot waveguides that require highly miniaturized geometries. Slot modulators have the potential to scale in integration for increased functionality and would be highly beneficial to data center infrastructure. Organic electro-optic polymers have greater potential because they can be applied as a thin film coating. Our polymers are unique in that they can withstand extremely high semiconductor process temperatures to seamlessly integrate into existing CMOS, Indium Phosphide (InP), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), and other semiconductor manufacturing lines. Our devices, enabled by our organic electro-optic polymer material systems, work by affecting the optical properties of light in the presence of an electric field at extremely high frequencies (wide bandwidths) and possess inherent advantages over current crystalline electro-optic material contained in most modulator devices such as lithium niobate, indium phosphide and gallium arsenide.

Business Strategy

Our business strategy anticipates that our revenue stream will be derived from one or some combination of the following: (i) technology licensing for specific product application; (ii) joint venture relationships with significant industry leaders; or (iii) the production and direct sale of our own electro-optic device components. Our objective is to be a leading provider of proprietary technology and know-how in the electro-optic device market. In order to meet this objective, we intend to:

Create Organic Polymer-Enabled Electro-Optic Modulators

We intend to utilize our proprietary optical polymer technology to create an initial portfolio of commercially feasible electro-optic polymer product devices and applications for various markets, including telecommunications, data communications and data centers. These produce devices will be based on our proprietary photonics integrated circuit (PIC) technology platform (P²IC™).

We expect our initial products will be based with optical polymer technology on our P2IC™ platform operating at data rates up to 50Gbps with standard data encoding of NRZ. Our P²IC™ platform will have the flexibility to allow multiples channels, where 4 modulated channels are expected to operate at 50Gbps per channel. The optical signal output would then operate at 200Gbps with NRZ standard data encoding, or 400Gbps with PAM-4 advance data encoding. This will allow the company to participate in both the 100Gbps (4 channel at 25Gbps) as well as the 400Gbps modulator markets.

Continue to Expand Our Intellectual Property Portfolio and Reliance on Trade Secrets

We plan to continuously advance the development of unique organic electro-optic polymer materials along with proprietary designs and device configurations. We intend to protect our technology by filing patent applications where appropriate or by obtaining exclusive technology rights where available. However, in some cases, we will refrain from protecting certain proprietary with patents in favor of trade secrets.

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Continue to Recruit Technical Expertise

In December 2011, we retained Dr. Frederick Leonberger, PhD as our Senior Advisor. Dr. Leonberger is the former Chief Technology Officer of JDS Uniphase, Inc. We previously retained EOvation Advisors LLC, a technology and business advisory firm founded by Dr. Frederick Leonberger, as a consultant to the Company. Dr. Leonberger is presently assisting our Company with strategic planning and the design of optical modulators that we intend to develop. In May 2017, Dr. Leonberger was elected to our Board of Directors and serves as a member of the operations committee and assists with the technical direction and strategy of the company.

Our Proprietary Products in Development

As part of a two-pronged marketing strategy, our Company is developing several optical devices, which are in various stages of development and that utilize our organic nonlinear optical materials. They include:

Ridge Waveguide Modulator

Our ridge electro-optic waveguide modulator was designed and fabricated in our Longmont, Colorado laboratory. The fabrication of our first in-house device is significant to our entire device program and is an important starting point for modulators that are being developed for target markets. We have multiple generations of new materials that we will soon be optimizing for this specific design. In September 2017 we announced that our initial alpha prototype ridge waveguide modulator, enabled by our P²IC™ polymer system, demonstrated bandwidth performance levels that will enable 50Gbps modulation in fiber-optic communications. This device demonstrated true amplitude (intensity) modulation in a Mach-Zehnder modulator structure incorporating our polymer waveguides. This important achievement will allow users to utilize arrays of 4 x 50Gbps polymer modulators using PAM-4 encoding to access 400Gbps data rate systems. Pulse-Amplitude Modulation (PAM-4) is an encoding scheme that can double the amount of data that can be transmitted. These ridge waveguide modulators are currently being packaged with our partner and will be available for evaluation by potential customers in 2018. In parallel, we are simulating and modeling the modulators for scalability to higher data rates above 50Gbps and lower cost structures that will be competitive with incumbent technology. This provides our technology platform with higher levels of scalability and will provide potential customers with technological solutions that they are currently looking for.

The ridge waveguide modulator represents our first commercially viable device, and targets metro networks (< 10Km) within large scale telecommunications and data communications networks and represents at least a $300M per year market opportunity for us.

Slot Waveguide Modulator

Our functional polymer photonics slot waveguide modulator utilizes an existing modulator structure with one of our proprietary electro-optic polymer material systems as the enabling material layer, and is functional as an operating prototype device.

Preliminary testing and initial data on our polymer photonics slot waveguide modulators demonstrated several promising characteristics. The tested polymer photonic chip had a 1-millimeter square footprint, enabling the possibility of sophisticated integrated optical circuits on a single silicon substrate. In addition, the waveguide structure was approximately 1/20 the length of a typical inorganic-based silicon photonics modulator waveguide.

With the combination of our proprietary electro-optic polymer material and the extremely high optical field concentration in the slot waveguide modulator, the test modulators demonstrated less than 2.2 volts to operate. Initial speeds exceeded 30-35 GHz in the telecom, 1550 nanometer frequency band. This is equivalent to 4 x 10Gbps, inorganic, lithium niobate modulators that would require approximately 12-16 volts to move the same amount of information.

Our material also operates in the 1550 nanometer frequency band, which is suitable for data communications applications. We continued with our collaborative development of our polymer photonic slot waveguide modulator in 2014 and continued our collaboration with an associated third-party research group in 2017 and expect to see initial results in 2018.

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Our Long-Term Device Development Goal - Multichannel Integrated Nanophotonic Transceiver

While we consider our ridge waveguide and slot waveguide modulators currently under development to be commercially viable products, in another sense they are intermediate steps in the development of our long-term goal of a multichannel integrated nanophotonic transceiver for application in data communications.

The transceiver consists of a silicon photonic chip fabricated with nonlinear polymer infused modulators (polymer photonic), multiplexers, demultiplexers, detectors and grating fiber couplers to an external light source. The CMOS-compatible optical modulators are key components for future silicon-based photonic transceivers. Our solution, the silicon-organic hybrid (polymer photonic) platform has been proposed and is being prototyped. In the polymer photonic approach, the optical signal is guided by a silicon waveguide while an organic cladding provides the electro-optic effect.

Our Target Markets

Cloud computing and data centers

Big data is a general term used to describe the voluminous amount of unstructured and semi-structured data a Company creates -- data that would take too much time and cost too much money to load into a relational database for analysis. Companies are looking to cloud computing in their data centers to access all the data. Inherent speed and bandwidth limits of traditional solutions and the potential of organic polymer devices offer an opportunity to increase the bandwidth, reduce costs and improve speed of access.

The overall square footage in datacenters has been growing rapidly over the past 5 years and is expected to continue this trend over the next decade. Data centers are confronted with the problem of moving vast amounts of data not only around the data center itself, but also between data centers. The size of these data center “links” are often measured in kilometers and employ optical modulators to convert stored electrical/binary information to optical and back. Links that are shorter than 500 meters and operate at approximately 10Gbps can employ “direct modulation,” which accomplishes modulation by mechanically turning a laser on and off. However, for links greater than 500 meters and higher data rates such as 25Gbps, 40Gbps, and beyond, it is necessary to employ optical modulators. We intend to target optical devices that are aimed at the 500m to 10km distance segment of the market that operate at 25Gbps and higher data rates. These are single mode fiber links and require polymer optical devices that operate in single optical mode. While some data center customers are planning their architectures using single mode fiber links even below 500m, others are focusing on cost-performance to make their decisions for their particular architectures. Our technology is both single mode and scalable in both increased data rates and low cost, which means that it can be implemented in either data center application depending on how we achieve the customer metrics and specifications. We believe that our single mode modulator solutions will not only be competitive at 500m to 10km link distances at 25Gbps data rates and beyond, but also at distances below 500m at 25Gbps and beyond depending on the customer architecture designs.

Telecommunications/Data Communications

The telecommunications industry has evolved from transporting traditional analogue voice data over copper wire into the movement of digital voice and data. Telecommunication companies are faced with the enormous increasing challenges to keep up with the resulting tremendous explosion in demand for bandwidth. This has been further exacerbated by a recent trend for content providers to store large amounts of data closer to the end user. This results in enormous demands on telecommunication metro networks (less than 10 Kilometers in length) and their ability to facilitate the transportation of content.

We believe that our ridge waveguide modulator, when completed will have the potential to address several segments within telecommunications networks.

Recent Significant Events and Milestones Achieved

In December 2016, we achieved high-speed modulation in our first all-organic polymer ridge waveguide intensity modulator prototype, which constituted one of the most significant moments in the history of our Company. Our initial "alpha" prototype device, enabled by our P²IC™ polymer system, demonstrated bandwidth suitable for data rates up to about 10 Gbps. This performance exceeds the telecom OC-48 standard (2.5 Gbps). This device demonstrated true amplitude (intensity) modulation in a Mach-Zehnder modulator structure incorporating our polymer waveguides.

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In April 2017 we achieved bandwidth suitable for 25Gbps data rates in an all-organic polymer ridge waveguide intensity modulator prototype, a significant improvement over our initial 10Gbps device modulator prototype. This breakthrough was significant because a 25Gbps data rate is important to the optical networking industry because this data rate is a major node to achieve 100 Gbps (using 4 channels of 25 Gbps). In July 2017 we advanced our high-speed modulation performance to satisfy 28Gbps data rates for QSFP28 standards and 100Gbps data center applications.

In September 2017 we achieved outstanding performance of our ridge waveguide Mach-Zehnder modulators ahead of schedule, with bandwidth performance levels that will enable 50Gbps modulation in fiber-optic communications. This important achievement will allow users to utilize arrays of 4 x 50Gbps polymer modulators using PAM-4 encoding to access 400Gbps data rate systems. Pulse-Amplitude Modulation (PAM-4) is an encoding scheme that can double the amount of data that can be transmitted.

During February and March 2018, we moved our Newark, Delaware synthetic laboratory and our Longmont, Colorado optical testing laboratory and corporate headquarters to our new office, laboratory and research and development space located at 369 Inverness Parkway, Suite 350, Englewood, Colorado. The new 13,420 square feet Englewood facility includes fully functional 1,000 square feet of class 1,000 cleanroom, 500 square feet of class 10,000 cleanroom, chemistry laboratories, and analytic laboratories. The new Englewood facility streamlines all of our Company’s research and development workflow for greater operational efficiencies. 

During March 2018, our Company, together with our packaging partner, successfully demonstrated packaged polymer modulators designed for 50Gbps, which we believe will allow us to scale our P²IC™ platform with our Mach-Zehnder ridge waveguide modulator design as well as other photonics devices competitively in the 100Gbps and 400Gbps datacom and telecommunications applications market. We are currently fine-tuning the performance parameters of these prototypes in preparation for customer evaluations.  Polymer modulators that operate both at 25Gbps and 50Gbps are expected to be attractive to customers for characterization as the 25Gbps data rate is critical for the 100Gbps data communications and telecommunications market while the 50Gbps data rate allows the ability to address the 400Gbps and 800Gbps systems with a high-performance, cost-effective solution. The datacom and telecommunications application markets represent a market opportunity for our PIC-based technologies with fiber-based transceivers that in total is forecasted to grow to over $25B by 2025.

As we move forward through 2018, we expect to continue building our world-class design team for both polymer materials and integrated photonics technology platform to further optimize our P²IC™ platform. With the now consolidated facility in Englewood, Colorado, we can keep key technologies and processes internal to the Company. We are in the process of completing the upgrade of our Englewood facility in areas of test, characterization, fabrication, and chemistry. We will package our modulators for customer evaluation and will continue to design our polymers for improved data rates and lower power operation. We will engage with customers to fine tune our technology to meet customer expectations, and we will scale our technology to provide cost effective technological solutions for the fiber communications market segments. We intend to partner with other companies as necessary, e.g. our packaging partner, to enable us to move quickly towards customer prototypes.

Capital Requirements

As a development stage company, we do not generate revenues. We have incurred substantial net losses since inception. We have satisfied our capital requirements since inception primarily through the issuance and sale of our common stock.

Results of Operations

Comparison of three months ended March 31, 2018 to three months ended March 31, 2017

Revenues

As a development stage company, we had no revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017. The Company is in various stages of photonic device and material development and evaluation. We expect the next revenue stream to be in product development agreements, prototype devices and sale of nonlinear optical polymer materials prior to moving into production.

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Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses were $1,476,267 and $1,188,927 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, for an increase of $287,340. This increase in operating expenses was due primarily to increases in research and development salaries and wages, rent and utility expenses, office expenses, laboratory materials and supplies, auditing fees, moving expenses, travel expenses and general and administrative non-cash stock option and warrant amortization offset by decreases in general and administrative salary and wages, research and development non-cash stock option and warrant amortization, laboratory material testing expense and electro-optic device development and consulting fees.

Included in our operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $901,672 for research and development expenses compared to $728,514 for the three months ended March 31, 2017, for an increase of $173,158.  This is primarily due to increases in research and development salaries and wages, rent and utility expenses, laboratory materials and supplies and travel expenses offset by decreases in research and development non-cash stock option and warrant amortization, laboratory material testing expense and electro-optic device development and consulting fees.  

Research and development expenses currently consist primarily of compensation for employees and consultants engaged in internal research, product development activities; laboratory operations, internal material and device fabrication testing and prototype electro-optic device design, development and prototype device processing; costs; and related operating expenses.  

We expect to continue to incur substantial research and development expense to develop and commercialize our photonic devices PIC development and electro-optic materials platform. These expenses will increase as a result of accelerated development effort to support commercialization of our non-linear optical polymer materials technology; to build photonic device prototypes in our in-house laboratories; hiring additional technical and support personnel; engaging a senior technical advisor; pursuing other potential business opportunities and collaborations; customer testing and evaluation; and incurring related operating expenses.

Wages and salaries increased $137,294 from $285,149 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $422,443 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The reason for the variation was primarily due to an increase in full time technical personnel working on device development and change in research and development allocation.

Rent and utilities increased $52,410 from $31,743 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $84,153 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The primary reason for the increase was due to acquiring a larger facility in order to consolidate all the Company’s operations into one facility.

Laboratory materials and supplies also increased $26,127 from $34,852 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $60,979 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The primary reason for the increase was fabrication of materials and prototype devices.

Travel expenses increased $12,361 from $21,283 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $33,644 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to employee travel for relocation planning.  

Research and development non-cash stock option amortization decreased $45,939 from $152,390 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $106,451 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The reason for the variation in decreased amortization was the vesting schedules.

Product prototype development and material testing expenses decreased $21,538 from $28,863 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $7,325 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to the move to the new facility and transitioning of outside services in-house.  

Product development consulting expenses decreased $12,857 from $104,521 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $91,664 for the year ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in consulting hours during this period.  

General and administrative expense consists primarily of compensation and support costs for management staff, and for other general and administrative costs, including executive, sales and marketing, investor relations, accounting and finance, legal, consulting and other operating expenses.  

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General and administrative expenses increased $114,182 to $574,595 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $460,413 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase is primarily due to increases in office expenses, auditing fees, rent and utility expenses, moving expenses and general and administrative non-cash stock option and warrant amortization offset by decreases in general and administrative salary and wages.

Office expenses increased $49,359 to $60,555 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $11,196 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reason for the variation was due to relocating into a larger facility.

Auditing fees increased $25,000 to $54,000 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $29,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The primary reason for the increase was due to the Company’s change in status to an Accelerated Filer, which requires additional testing by the auditors.

Rent and utilities increased $23,801 to $32,653 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $8,852 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The primary reason for the increase was due to acquiring a larger facility in order to move all the Company’s operations building.

Moving expenses increased $20,606 to $20,606 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reason for the variation was due to moving to a new facility.

General and administrative non-cash stock option and warrant amortization increased $11,861 to $95,461 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $83,600 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reason for the variation was due to stock options and warrants vesting schedules.

Salary and wages decreased $49,578 to $117,266 for the three months ending March 31, 2018 from $166,844 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The primary reason for the variance is a decrease in administrative salaries and change in general and administrative allocation.

We expect general and administrative expense to increase in future periods as we increase the level of corporate and administrative activity, including increases associated with our operation as a public company; and significantly increase expenditures related to the future production and sales of our products.

Other Income (Expense)

Other expense increased $12,440 to $37,194 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $24,692 for the three months ended March 31, 2017, relating to the commitment fee associated with the purchase of shares by an institutional investor for sale under a stock purchase agreement.

Net Loss

Net loss was $1,513,399 and $1,213,619 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, for an increase of $299,780, was due primarily to increases in research and development salaries and wages, rent and utility expenses, office expenses, laboratory materials and supplies, auditing fees, moving expenses, commitment fee associated with the purchase of shares by an institutional investor for resale under a stock purchase agreement, travel expenses and general and administrative non-cash stock option and warrant amortization offset by decreases in general and administrative salary and wages, research and development non-cash stock option and warrant amortization, laboratory material testing expense and electro-optic device development and consulting fees.

Significant Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates based upon historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ materially from these estimates.

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We believe our significant accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 contains a discussion of these significant accounting policies. There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies since December 31, 2017. See our Note 1 in our unaudited financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as set forth herein for a complete discussion of our Company’s accounting policies.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, net cash used in operating activities was $1,048,251 and net cash used in investing activities was $533,886, which was due primarily to the Company’s research and development activities, capital equipment and general and administrative expenditures. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $910,571. At March 31, 2018, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $2,810,761, our assets totaled $5,625,674, our liabilities totaled $889,552, and we had stockholders’ equity of $4,736,122.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, net cash used in operating activities was $820,053 and net cash used in investing activities was $26,320, which was due primarily to the Company’s research and development activities and general and administrative expenditures. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $1,072,160. At March 31, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $2,182,631, our assets totaled $3,389,626, our liabilities totaled $204,820, and we had stockholders’ equity of $3,184,806.

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our future expenditures and capital requirements will depend on numerous factors, including: the progress of our research and development efforts; the rate at which we can, directly or through arrangements with original equipment manufacturers, introduce and sell products incorporating our polymer materials technology; the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights; market acceptance of our products and competing technological developments; and our ability to establish cooperative development, joint venture and licensing arrangements. We expect that we will incur approximately $475,000 of expenditures over the next 12 months. Our cash requirements are expected to increase at a rate consistent with the Company’s path to revenue growth as we expand our activities and operations with the objective of commercializing our electro-optic polymer technology during 2018.

On January 29, 2016, we signed a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”) to sell up to $20,000,000 of common stock whereby subject to certain conditions and at our sole discretion, Lincoln Park has committed to purchase up to $20,000,000 of our common stock over a 36-month period. Our most recent registration statement relating to the Purchase Agreement became effective in June 2017, which registered for resale by Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement 5,000,000 shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park is obligated to make purchases as the Company directs in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, which may be terminated by the Company at any time, without cost or penalty. Sales of shares will be made in specified amounts and at prices that are based upon the market prices of our common stock immediately preceding the sales to Lincoln Park. We expect this financing to provide us with sufficient funds to maintain our operations for the foreseeable future. With the additional capital, we expect to achieve a level of revenues attractive enough to fulfill our development activities and adequate enough to support our business model for the foreseeable future. We cannot assure you that we will meet the conditions of the Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park in order to obligate Lincoln Park to purchase our shares of common stock. In the event we fail to do so, and other adequate funds are not available to satisfy long-term capital requirements, or if planned revenues are not generated, we may be required to substantially limit our operations. This limitation of operations may include reductions in capital expenditures and reductions in staff and discretionary costs.

There are no trading volume requirements or restrictions under the Purchase Agreement and we will control the timing and amount of any sales of our common stock to Lincoln Park. Lincoln Park has no right to require any sales by us, but is obligated to make purchases from us as we direct in accordance with the Purchase Agreement. We can also accelerate the amount of common stock to be purchased under certain circumstances. There are no limitations on use of proceeds, financial or business covenants, restrictions on future funding, rights of first refusal, participation rights, penalties or liquidated damages in the Purchase Agreement. Lincoln Park may not assign or transfer its rights and obligations under the purchase agreement.

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We expect that our cash used in operations will increase during 2018 and beyond as a result of the following planned activities:

·

The addition of management, sales, marketing, technical and other staff to our workforce;

·

Increased spending for the expansion of our research and development efforts, including purchases of additional laboratory and production equipment;

·

Increased spending in marketing as our products are introduced into the marketplace;

·

Developing and maintaining collaborative relationships with strategic partners;

·

Developing and improving our manufacturing processes and quality controls; and

·

Increases in our general and administrative activities related to our operations as a reporting public company and related corporate compliance requirements.

Analysis of Cash Flows

For the three months ended March 31, 2018

Net cash used in operating activities was $1,048,251 for the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily attributable to the net loss of $1,513,399 adjusted by $25,337 in warrants issued for services, $176,575 in options issued for services, $37,194 in common stock issued for services, $58,372 in depreciation expenses and patent amortization expenses, ($2,500) gain on the sale of equipment, $12,584 loss on asset write off, $17,960 in prepaid expenses and $139,626 in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Net cash used in operating activities consisted of payments for research and development, legal, professional and consulting expenses, rent and other expenditures necessary to develop our business infrastructure.

Net cash used by investing activities was $533,886 for the three months ended March 31, 2018, consisting of $21,527 in cost for intangibles and $514,859 in asset additions primarily for the new Colorado headquarter facility offset by proceeds of $2,500 on the sale of equipment.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $910,571 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and consisted of $993,700 in proceeds from resale of common stock to an institutional investor, offset by $83,129 repayment of equipment purchased.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017

Net cash used in operating activities was $820,053 for the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily attributable to the net loss of $1,213,619 adjusted by $122,470 in warrants issued for services, $113,520 in options issued for services, $30,753 in common stock issued for services, $48,851 in depreciation expenses and patent amortization expenses, $1,038 in prepaid expenses and $76,934 in accounts payable and accrued expenses.  Net cash used in operating activities consisted of payments for research and development, legal, professional and consulting expenses, rent and other expenditures necessary to develop our business infrastructure.

Net cash used by investing activities was $26,320 for the three months ended March 31, 2017, consisting of $12,310 in cost for intangibles and $14,010 in asset additions primarily for the Colorado lab facility

Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,072,160 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and consisted of $1,072,160 in proceeds from resale of common stock to an institutional investor.

Inflation and Seasonality

We do not believe that our operations are significantly impacted by inflation. Our business is not seasonal in nature.

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Item 3

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates. As of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2,810,761 and $3,482,327, respectively, held primarily in regular checking accounts. Our primary exposure to market risk is interest rate sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. If a 10% change in interest rates had occurred on March 31, 2018, this change would not have had a material effect on the fair value of our investment portfolio as of that date. Due to the short holding period of our investments and the nature of our investments, we have concluded that we do not have a material financial market risk exposure.

Item 4

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of March 31, 2018. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2018 the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in that they provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6

Exhibits

The following exhibits are included herein:

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

LIGHTWAVE LOGIC, INC.

Registrant

Date: May 10, 2018

Date: May 10, 2018

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