LIVEPERSON INC - Quarter Report: 2005 September (Form 10-Q)
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON,
DC 20549
FORM
10-Q
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the quarterly period ended SEPTEMBER 30, 2005
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For
the transition period from ____________________ to
____________________
Commission
file number: 0-30141
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
|
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
Charter)
|
DELAWARE
|
13-3861628
|
|
(State
or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation
or Organization)
|
(IRS
Employer Identification No.)
|
462
SEVENTH AVENUE, 21ST FLOOR
NEW
YORK, NEW YORK
|
10018
|
|
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
(212)
609-4200
|
(Registrant’s
Telephone Number, Including Area
Code)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant:
(1) has
filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter
period
that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x
No
o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined
in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes x
No
o
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o
No
x
As
of
November 2, 2005, there were 37,589,595 shares of the issuer’s common stock
outstanding.
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
SEPTEMBER
30, 2005
FORM
10-Q
PAGE
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31
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-2-
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
STATEMENTS
IN THIS REPORT ABOUT LIVEPERSON, INC. THAT ARE NOT HISTORICAL FACTS ARE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BASED ON OUR CURRENT EXPECTATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS,
ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS ABOUT LIVEPERSON AND OUR INDUSTRY. THESE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD
CAUSE ACTUAL FUTURE EVENTS OR RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM SUCH STATEMENTS.
ANY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE MADE PURSUANT TO THE SAFE HARBOR
PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995. IT IS
ROUTINE FOR OUR INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS TO CHANGE AS THE YEAR
OR
EACH QUARTER IN THE YEAR PROGRESS, AND THEREFORE IT SHOULD BE CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD
THAT THE INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND BELIEFS UPON WHICH WE BASE OUR EXPECTATIONS
MAY CHANGE PRIOR TO THE END OF EACH QUARTER OR THE YEAR. ALTHOUGH THESE
EXPECTATIONS MAY CHANGE, WE ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO INFORM YOU IF THEY
DO.
OUR COMPANY POLICY IS GENERALLY TO PROVIDE OUR EXPECTATIONS ONLY ONCE PER
QUARTER, AND NOT TO UPDATE THAT INFORMATION UNTIL THE NEXT QUARTER. ACTUAL
EVENTS OR RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE PROJECTIONS
OR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO
SUCH
DIFFERENCES INCLUDE THOSE DISCUSSED IN THE SECTION CAPTIONED “MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS—RISK
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS.”
-3-
PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. |
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
September
30, 2005
|
December
31, 2004
|
||||||
(Unaudited)
|
(Note
1(B))
|
||||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
15,242
|
$
|
12,425
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $84 and
$54 as of
September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively
|
1,482
|
1,641
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
567
|
475
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
17,291
|
14,541
|
|||||
Property
and equipment, net
|
509
|
384
|
|||||
Intangibles,
net
|
1,022
|
1,721
|
|||||
Security
deposits
|
170
|
166
|
|||||
Other
assets
|
404
|
338
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
19,396
|
$
|
17,150
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$
|
158
|
$
|
262
|
|||
Accrued
expenses
|
1,375
|
1,666
|
|||||
Deferred
revenue
|
1,701
|
1,330
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
3,234
|
3,258
|
|||||
Other
liabilities
|
404
|
338
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
|||||||
Stockholders’
equity:
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock, $.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized,
0 shares
issued and outstanding at September 30, 2005 and December 31,
2004
|
–
|
–
|
|||||
Common
stock, $.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized,
37,589,595 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2005
and
37,380,732 shares issued and outstanding at December 31,
2004
|
38
|
37
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
118,249
|
117,440
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(102,529
|
)
|
(103,923
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
15,758
|
13,554
|
|||||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
19,396
|
$
|
17,150
|
|||
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
-4-
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
UNAUDITED
Three
Months Ended
September
30,
|
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
5,724
|
$
|
4,381
|
$
|
15,960
|
$
|
12,796
|
|||||
Operating
expenses:
|
|||||||||||||
Cost
of revenue
|
1,114
|
730
|
2,997
|
2,116
|
|||||||||
Product
development expense
|
663
|
515
|
2,027
|
1,470
|
|||||||||
Sales
and marketing expense
|
1,715
|
1,327
|
4,889
|
3,721
|
|||||||||
General
and administrative expense
|
1,034
|
1,222
|
3,400
|
3,131
|
|||||||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
232
|
204
|
699
|
563
|
|||||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
4,758
|
3,998
|
14,012
|
11,001
|
|||||||||
Income
from operations
|
966
|
383
|
1,948
|
1,795
|
|||||||||
Other
income:
|
|||||||||||||
Interest
income
|
81
|
18
|
184
|
41
|
|||||||||
Total
other income
|
81
|
18
|
184
|
41
|
|||||||||
Income
before provision for income taxes
|
1,047
|
401
|
2,132
|
1,836
|
|||||||||
Provision
for income taxes
|
358
|
25
|
738
|
58
|
|||||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
689
|
$
|
376
|
$
|
1,394
|
$
|
1,778
|
|||||
Basic
net income per common share
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.04
|
$
|
0.05
|
|||||
Diluted
net income per common share
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.04
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in basic net income per common
share
calculation
|
37,555,696
|
37,336,792
|
37,492,285
|
37,222,428
|
|||||||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding used in diluted net income per common
share
calculation
|
39,839,001
|
39,294,832
|
39,528,089
|
39,535,593
|
|||||||||
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
-5-
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
(IN
THOUSANDS)
UNAUDITED
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
|||||||
2005
|
2004
|
||||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Net
income
|
$
|
1,394
|
$
|
1,778
|
|||
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
|||||||
Non-cash
compensation expense
|
--
|
187
|
|||||
Depreciation
|
115
|
172
|
|||||
Amortization
of intangibles
|
699
|
563
|
|||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
697
|
--
|
|||||
Provision
for doubtful accounts, net
|
30
|
15
|
|||||
CHANGES
IN OPERATING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES:
|
|||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
129
|
33
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
(92
|
)
|
(200
|
)
|
|||
Security
deposits
|
(4
|
)
|
(8
|
)
|
|||
Accounts
payable
|
(104
|
)
|
168
|
||||
Accrued
expenses
|
(291
|
)
|
(713
|
)
|
|||
Deferred
revenue
|
371
|
(222
|
)
|
||||
Other
assets and other liabilities, net
|
--
|
19
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
2,944
|
1,792
|
|||||
CASH
FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Purchases
of property and equipment, including capitalized software
|
(240
|
)
|
(293
|
)
|
|||
Acquisition
costs
|
--
|
(206
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(240
|
)
|
(499
|
)
|
|||
CASH
FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of
options
|
113
|
96
|
|||||
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
113
|
96
|
|||||
Net
increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
2,817
|
1,389
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
|
12,425
|
10,898
|
|||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at the end of the period
|
$
|
15,242
|
$
|
12,287
|
Supplemental
Disclosures:
|
|||||||
Cash
paid during the period for:
|
|||||||
Income
taxes
|
$
|
18
|
$
|
51
|
Supplemental
Disclosure of Non-cash Investing Activities:
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company issued 370,894 shares
of
common stock in connection with the acquisition of certain identifiable assets
of Island Data Corporation.
SEE
ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
-6-
LIVEPERSON,
INC.
(IN
THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
(1) |
SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
|
(A) |
SUMMARY
OF OPERATIONS
|
LivePerson,
Inc. (the “Company” or “LivePerson”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware
in 1995. The Company commenced operations in 1996. LivePerson is a provider
of
hosted software solutions for online communications. LivePerson’s
fully-integrated multi-channel communications platform, Timpani, enables
companies to monitor website traffic, to identify likely buyers based on
online
behavior and to proactively engage those visitors primarily via text-based
chat.
The Company’s technology supports and manages key online interaction
channels—chat, email and self-service/knowledgebase.
The
Company’s primary revenue source is from the sale of the LivePerson services
under the brand name Timpani, which is conducted within one operating segment.
The Company’s product development staff, help desk and online sales support are
located in Israel.
(B) |
UNAUDITED
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
The
accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of September
30, 2005 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004
are
unaudited. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed
consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as
the
annual financial statements and reflect all adjustments, which include only
normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the consolidated
financial position of LivePerson as of September 30, 2005, and the consolidated
results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods ended September
30,
2005 and 2004. The financial data and other information disclosed in these
notes
to the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these periods
are
unaudited. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily
indicative of the results of operations for any other future interim period
or
for a full fiscal year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December
31,
2004 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that
date.
Certain
information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have
been
condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities
and
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December
31, 2004, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the
SEC on March 16, 2005, as amended on May 2, 2005.
(C) |
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
|
The
Company charges a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage.
Certain
of the Company’s larger clients, who require more sophisticated implementation
and training, may also pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee and professional
service fees related to implementation. The Company also occasionally charges
professional service fees related to additional training and business consulting
and analysis.
The
initial set-up fee is intended to recover certain costs (principally customer
service, training and other administrative costs) prior to the deployment
of the
LivePerson services. Such fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized
ratably over a period of 24 months, representing the estimated term of the
client relationships. Although the Company believes this estimate is reasonable,
this estimate may change in the future. In instances where the Company does
charge a set-up fee, the Company typically does not charge an additional
set-up
fee if an existing client adds more services. Unamortized deferred fees,
if any,
are recognized upon termination of the agreement with the customer. The Company
recognized set-up fees due to client attrition of $0 and $1 in the three
and
nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively, and $0 and $2 in the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
-7-
The
Company also sells certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet
download. These services are marketed as Timpani SB for small- and medium-sized
businesses, and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card
payments accelerate cash flow and reduce the Company’s collection risk, subject
to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the
transactions. Sales of Timpani SB may occur with or without the assistance
of an
online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone
contact that is typically required for traditional direct sales. These sales
typically have no set-up fee, because the Company does not provide the customer
with training and administrative costs are minimal.
The
Company records revenue based upon a monthly fee charged for the LivePerson
services, provided that no significant Company obligations remain and collection
of the resulting receivable is probable. The Company recognizes monthly service
fees as services are provided. The Company’s service agreements typically have
twelve month terms and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without
penalty. The Company recognizes professional service fees upon completion
and
customer acceptance of the professional service engagement.
(D) |
STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION
|
The
Company applies the intrinsic value-based method of accounting prescribed
by
Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued
to Employees,” and related interpretations including Financial Accounting
Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 44, “Accounting for Certain
Transactions Involving Stock Compensation: An Interpretation of APB Opinion
No.
25” (issued in March 2000), to account for its fixed plan stock options. Under
this method, compensation expense is recorded on the date of grant only if
the
current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123, “Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation,” and SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation - Transition and Disclosure” (an amendment to SFAS No. 123),
established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair value-based
method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As permitted
by existing accounting standards, the Company has elected to continue to
apply
the intrinsic value-based method of accounting described above, and has adopted
the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148.
The
Company amortizes deferred compensation on a graded vesting methodology in
accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting for Stock Appreciation
Rights and Other Variable Stock Award Plans.”
The
Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in accounting
for
its stock option grants to employees. Accordingly, except as mentioned below,
no
compensation expense has been recognized relating to these stock option grants
in the consolidated financial statements. Had compensation cost for the
Company’s stock option grants been determined based on the fair value at the
grant date for awards consistent with the method of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s
net income attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 would have decreased to the pro forma amounts
presented below. The Company did not have any employee stock options outstanding
prior to January 1, 1998.
-8-
Three
Months Ended
September
30,
|
Nine
Months Ended
September
30,
|
||||||||||||
2005
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||||||
Net
income as reported
|
$
|
689
|
$
|
376
|
$
|
1,394
|
$
|
1,778
|
|||||
Deduct:
Pro forma stock-based compensation cost
|
$
|
(493
|
)
|
$
|
(304
|
)
|
$
|
(1,501
|
)
|
$
|
(943
|
)
|
|
Pro
forma net income (loss)
|
$
|
196
|
$
|
72
|
$
|
(107
|
)
|
$
|
835
|
||||
Basic
net income (loss) per common share:
|
|||||||||||||
As
reported
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.04
|
$
|
0.05
|
|||||
Pro
forma
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
(0.00
|
)
|
$
|
0.02
|
||||
Diluted
net income (loss) per common share:
|
|||||||||||||
As
reported
|
$
|
0.02
|
$
|
0.01
|
$
|
0.04
|
$
|
0.04
|
|||||
Pro
forma
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
(0.00
|
)
|
$
|
0.02
|
The
per
share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three
months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, was $2.19 and $2.47, respectively.
The
fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions used for grants in 2005 and 2004: dividend yield of zero percent
for
all periods; risk-free interest rates of 4.6% and 4.6%, respectively; and
expected life of five years for all periods. During 2005 and 2004, the Company
used a volatility factor of 84.0% and 91.0%, respectively.
(E) |
BASIC
AND DILUTED NET INCOME PER
SHARE
|
The
Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of
SFAS
No. 128, “Earnings Per Share (“EPS”),” and the guidance of SEC Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 98. Under SFAS No. 128, basic EPS excludes dilution for common
stock equivalents and is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable
to
common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding
for the period. All options, warrants or other potentially dilutive instruments
issued for nominal consideration are required to be included in the calculation
of basic and diluted net income attributable to common stockholders. The
Company
has included 17,339 shares of common stock in the calculation of basic and
diluted net income attributable to common stockholders from October 2000
which
relate to certain options that were originally issued by HumanClick Ltd.
for
nominal consideration and subsequently assumed by the Company in connection
with
its acquisition of HumanClick in October 2000. Diluted EPS reflects the
potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue
common stock were exercised or converted into common stock and resulted in
the
issuance of common stock. Diluted net income per common share for the three
and
nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 includes the effect of options
to
purchase 7,604,597 and 6,225,597 shares of common stock with a weighted average
exercise price of $1.58 and $1.27, respectively, and warrants to purchase
127,802 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of
$0.69.
Diluted net income per common share for the three and nine month periods
ended
September 30, 2005 does not include the effect of options to purchase 1,046,000
and 2,425,000 shares of common stock, respectively, or warrants to purchase
75,000 shares of common stock. Diluted net income per common share for the
three
and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 includes the effect of options
to purchase 5,349,650 and 5,702,150 shares of common stock with a weighted
average exercise price of $1.06 and $1.20, respectively, and warrants to
purchase 202,802 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise
price
of $1.64. Diluted net income per common share for the three and nine month
periods ended September 30, 2004 does not include the effect of options to
purchase 1,296,500 and 944,000 shares of common stock,
respectively.
(F) |
RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING
PRONOUNCEMENTS
|
In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based
Payment,” which addresses the accounting for transactions in which an entity
exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, with a primary focus
on
transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based
payment
transactions. SFAS No. 123(R) is a revision to SFAS No. 123 and supersedes
APB
Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related
implementation guidance. SFAS No. 123(R) requires measurement of the cost
of
employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments
based
on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). Incremental
compensation costs arising from subsequent modifications of awards after
the
grant date must be recognized. In April 2005, the SEC announced a new rule
that
delays the implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) until the fiscal year that begins
after June 15, 2005. The Company expects to adopt the provisions of SFAS
No.
123(R) as of January 1, 2006. The Company is still evaluating the impact
that
adopting SFAS No. 123(R) will have on its financial position, cash flows
and
results of operations, but the Company believes this change in accounting
will
have a material adverse effect on its reported results of operations. Based
upon
the current number of outstanding stock options, the Company expects that
the
impact of this accounting change will decrease net income per common share
by
approximately $0.05 for the fiscal year ended 2006. This figure may change
based
upon additional stock options grants, methodology refinement or other factors.
See Note 1(D) for pro forma disclosure assuming a fair value based method
of
accounting for stock-based awards.
-9-
In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets,”
which eliminates an exception in APB Opinion No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions,” for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and
replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets
that do
not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 will be effective for the Company
for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring on or after January 1,
2006.
(2) |
BALANCE
SHEET COMPONENTS
|
Property
and equipment is summarized as follows:
September
30, 2005
|
December
31, 2004
|
||||||
(Unaudited)
|
|||||||
Computer
equipment and software
|
$
|
1,819
|
$
|
1,712
|
|||
Furniture,
equipment and building improvements
|
177
|
44
|
|||||
1,996
|
1,756
|
||||||
Less
accumulated depreciation
|
1,487
|
1,372
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
509
|
$
|
384
|
Accrued
expenses consist of the following:
September
30, 2005
|
December
31, 2004
|
||||||
(Unaudited)
|
|||||||
Payroll
and related costs
|
$
|
808
|
$
|
1,102
|
|||
Professional
services and consulting fees
|
401
|
448
|
|||||
Sales
commissions
|
97
|
90
|
|||||
Other
|
69
|
26
|
|||||
Total
|
$
|
1,375
|
$
|
1,666
|
(3) |
ASSET
ACQUISITIONS
|
In
December 2003, the Company acquired certain identifiable assets of Island
Data
Corporation (“Island Data”). The purchase price was based on projected revenue
from the acquired customer contracts at the time of their assignment to the
Company. The Company paid approximately $370 in cash, and issued 370,894
shares
of common stock, in connection with the acquisition. The total acquisition
costs
were approximately $2,119. Of the total purchase price, the Company has
allocated approximately $65 to non-compete agreements which will be amortized
over a period of 24 months, representing the terms of the agreements. The
remainder of the purchase price has been allocated to customer contracts
and
will be amortized over a period of 36 months, representing the current estimate
of the term of the acquired client relationships. The net acquisition costs
of
$864 and $1,401 are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on the Company’s
September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 balance sheets,
respectively.
-10-
In
July
2004, the Company acquired certain identifiable assets of FaceTime
Communications, Inc. The transaction transferred certain existing customer
contracts of FaceTime to the Company. The purchase price was based in part
on
future revenue generated from the former FaceTime client base. The total
acquisition costs were approximately $394. The total acquisition cost will
be
amortized ratably over a period of 24 months, representing the current estimate
of the term of the acquired client relationships. The net acquisition costs
of
$158 and $320 are included in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on the Company’s
September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 balance sheets,
respectively.
(4) |
INCOME
TAXES
|
Income
taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under this
method,
deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective
tax
bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets
and
liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to
be
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of
a
change in tax rates is recognized in results of operations in the period
that
the tax change occurs. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary,
to
reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. In assessing
the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it
is
more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets
will
not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent
upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which
those
temporary differences are expected to become deductible. Management considers
the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable
income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon
the
level of historical taxable losses and after considering projections for
future
taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are expected
to
be deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company
will not realize the benefits of these deductible differences. Accordingly,
the
Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax
assets.
Management will continue to assess the valuation allowance. To the extent
it is
determined that a valuation allowance is no longer required with respect
to
certain deferred tax assets, the tax benefit, if any, of such deferred tax
assets will be recognized.
As
of
December 31, 2004, the Company had approximately $9,341 of federal net operating
loss (“NOL”) carryforwards available to offset future taxable income. These NOL
carryforwards expire in various years through 2023. Because a significant
portion of the carryforwards is attributable to tax deductions related to
the
exercise of employee stock options in excess of deductions recognized for
financial reporting purposes, the tax benefit must be allocated to Additional
paid-in capital with the remainder reducing income tax expense. Accordingly,
the
Company recorded income tax expense for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2005 of $358 and $738, respectively, with corresponding increases
in Additional paid-in capital of $344 and $697, respectively. The difference
between the amounts recorded as income tax expense and the increases in
Additional paid-in capital are due to the impact of the federal alternative
minimum tax. The Company recorded income tax expense of $25 and $58 in the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively, because it had
sufficient NOL carryforwards to offset taxable income.
The
difference between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s
effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005
and
2004, is due principally to the release of the valuation allowance related
to
the utilization of federal and state net operating loss
carryforwards.
(5) |
COMMITMENTS
AND CONTINGENCIES
|
The
Company leases facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted
for
as operating leases. These leases generally require the Company to pay all
executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating
leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 was approximately
$173 and $483, respectively, and approximately $128 and $362 for the three
and
nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
-11-
(6) |
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
In
September 2005, the Company received written notification from a former employee
alleging claims related to improper termination of employment. The Company
believes the claims are without merit, and, in the event this matter proceeds
further, the Company intends to vigorously defend against any such claims.
The
Company has not accrued for this contingency as of September 30, 2005, because
the amount of loss, if any, cannot be reasonably estimated at this
time.
The
Company is not currently party to any legal proceedings. From time to time,
the
Company may be subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the
ordinary course of business.
-12-
ITEM 2. |
MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
GENERAL
Our
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
are
based upon our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements,
which are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain
estimates, judgments and assumptions that management believes are reasonable
based upon the information available. We base these estimates on our historical
experience, future expectations and various other assumptions that we believe
to
be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis
for
our judgments that may not be readily apparent from other sources. These
estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the
consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and
expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions relate
to
estimates of collectibility of accounts receivable, the expected term of
a
client relationship, accruals and other factors. We evaluate these estimates
on
an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under
different assumptions or conditions, and any differences could be
material.
The
significant accounting policies which we believe are the most critical to
aid in
fully understanding and evaluating the reported consolidated financial results
include the following:
REVENUE
RECOGNITION
LivePerson
is a provider of hosted software solutions for online communications. Our
fully-integrated multi-channel communications platform, Timpani, enables
companies to monitor website traffic, to identify likely buyers based on
online
behavior and to proactively engage those visitors primarily via text-based
chat.
Our technology supports and manages key online interaction channels - chat,
email and self-service/knowledgebase.
We
charge
a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. Certain of our larger
clients, who require more sophisticated implementation and training, may
also
pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee and professional service fees related
to implementation. We also occasionally charge professional service fees
related
to additional training and business consulting and analysis.
The
initial set-up fee is intended to recover certain costs (principally customer
service, training and other administrative costs) prior to the deployment
of our
services. Such fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably
over
a period of 24 months, representing the estimated term of the client
relationships. Although we believe this estimate is reasonable, this estimate
may change in the future. In instances where we do charge a set-up fee, we
typically do not charge an additional set-up fee if an existing client adds
more
services. Unamortized deferred fees, if any, are recognized upon termination
of
the agreement with the customer. We recognized set-up fees due to client
attrition of $0 and $1,000 in the three and nine months ended September 30,
2005, respectively, and $0 and $2,000 in the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2004, respectively.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as Timpani SB for small- and medium-sized businesses,
and
are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate
cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right
to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of Timpani
SB
may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative,
rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required
for traditional direct sales. These sales typically have no set-up fee, because
we do not provide the customer with training and administrative costs are
minimal.
We
record
revenue based upon a monthly fee charged for the LivePerson services, provided
that no significant Company obligations remain and collection of the resulting
receivable is probable. We recognize monthly service fees as services are
provided. Our service agreements typically have twelve month terms and are
terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. We recognize professional
service fees upon completion and customer acceptance of the professional
service
engagement.
-13-
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
Our
customers are primarily concentrated in the United States. We perform ongoing
credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition (except for customers
who purchase the LivePerson services by credit card via Internet download)
and
have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors
surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other
information that we believe to be reasonable, although they may change in
the
future. If there is a deterioration of a customer’s credit worthiness or actual
write-offs are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of
recoverability for these receivables could be adversely affected. Our
concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number of customers.
No
single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of our total revenue in the
three
and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. One customer accounted
for
approximately 12% of accounts receivable at September 30, 2005. One customer
accounted for approximately 10% of accounts receivable at December 31,
2004.
IMPAIRMENT
OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144,
“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets,” long-lived
assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject
to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be
recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by
a
comparison of the carrying value of an asset to estimated undiscounted future
cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value of
an
asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is
recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds
the
fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented
in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying value or the
fair
value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and
liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale would be presented
separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance
sheet.
RECENTLY
ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based
Payment,” which addresses the accounting for transactions in which an entity
exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, with a primary focus
on
transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based
payment
transactions. SFAS No. 123(R) is a revision to SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation,” and supersedes Accounting Principles Board (“APB”)
Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and its related
implementation guidance. SFAS No. 123(R) requires measurement of the cost
of
employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments
based
on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). Incremental
compensation costs arising from subsequent modifications of awards after
the
grant date must be recognized. In April 2005, the SEC announced a new rule
that
delays the implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) until the fiscal year that begins
after June 15, 2005. We expect to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R)
as of
January 1, 2006. We are still evaluating the impact that adopting SFAS No.
123(R) will have on our financial position, cash flows and results of
operations, but we believe this change in accounting will have a material
adverse effect on our reported results of operations. See Note 1(D),
“Stock-based Compensation,” to our unaudited interim condensed consolidated
financial statements for pro forma disclosure assuming a fair value based
method
of accounting for stock-based awards.
In
December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets,”
which eliminates an exception in APB Opinion No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions,” for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and
replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets
that do
not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 will be effective for us for
nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring on or after January 1, 2006. We are
still
evaluating the impact that adopting SFAS No. 153 will have on our financial
position, cash flows and results of operations.
-14-
OVERVIEW
LivePerson
is a provider of hosted software solutions for online communications. Our
fully-integrated multi-channel communications platform, Timpani, enables
companies to monitor website traffic, to identify likely buyers based on
online
behavior and to proactively engage those visitors primarily via text-based
chat.
Our technology supports and manages key online interaction channels - chat,
email and self-service/knowledgebase.
We
were
incorporated in the State of Delaware in November 1995 and the initial
LivePerson service was introduced in November 1998.
In
July
2002, we acquired all of the existing customer contracts of NewChannel, Inc.
and
associated rights. The purchase price was based, in part, on projected revenue
from each of the former NewChannel clients at the time of their successful
conversion to the LivePerson software platform. The total acquisition costs
were
approximately $1.4 million. The total acquisition cost has been allocated
to
customer contracts and was amortized ratably over a period of 18 months,
representing the then expected term of the client relationships. As of December
31, 2003, the total purchase had been completely amortized.
In
December 2003, we acquired certain identifiable assets of Island Data
Corporation. The purchase price was based on projected revenue from the acquired
customer contracts at the time of their assignment to us. We paid approximately
$370,000 in cash, and issued 370,894 shares of our common stock, in connection
with the acquisition. The total acquisition costs were approximately $2.1
million. Of the total purchase price, we have allocated approximately $65,000
to
non-compete agreements which will be amortized over a period of 24 months,
representing the terms of the agreements. The remainder of the purchase has
been
allocated to customer contracts and will be amortized over a period of 36
months, representing our current estimate of the term of the acquired client
relationships. The net acquisition costs of $864,000 and $1.4 million are
included in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on our September 30, 2005 and December
31, 2004 balance sheets, respectively.
In
January 2004, we filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange
Commission to register the resale of up to 500,000 shares of our common stock
by
Island Data. Our registration of the resale of the shares was required by
our
agreement with Island Data. The shares registered for resale on the registration
statement, but not actually issued to Island Data pursuant to the agreement,
will be deregistered. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of the
shares of common stock covered by the Island Data registration
statement.
In
January 2004, we filed a shelf registration statement with the Securities
and
Exchange Commission relating to 4,000,000 shares of our common stock that
we may
issue from time to time. We have no immediate plans to offer or sell any
shares
under this shelf registration. We presently intend to use the net proceeds
from
any sale of the registered shares for general corporate purposes, working
capital and potential strategic acquisitions. We would announce the terms
of any
issuance in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the time
we
offer or sell the shares.
In
July
2004, we acquired certain identifiable assets of FaceTime Communications,
Inc.
The transaction transferred certain existing customer contracts of FaceTime
to
us. The purchase price was based in part on future revenue generated by us
from
the former FaceTime client base. The total acquisition costs were approximately
$394,000. The total acquisition cost will be amortized ratably over a period
of
24 months, representing our current estimate of the term of the acquired
client
relationships. The net acquisition costs of $158,000 and $320,000 are included
in “Assets - Intangibles, net” on our September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004
balance sheets, respectively.
In
February 2005, we corrected an assumption in the methodology for the calculation
of weighted average shares outstanding used in diluted net income (loss)
per
common share, which affected the weighted average shares outstanding used
in
diluted net income per common share in all quarterly periods in 2004. These
corrections had no impact on reported diluted net income per common share
in
these periods because of the convention of rounding earnings per share to
the
nearest penny.
-15-
REVENUE
Our
clients pay us a monthly fee, which varies by service and client usage. Certain
of our larger clients, who require more sophisticated implementation and
training, may also pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee and professional
service fees related to implementation. Our set-up fee is intended to recover
certain costs incurred by us (principally customer service, training and
other
administrative costs) prior to deployment of our services. Such fees are
recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over a period of 24 months,
representing the estimated term of the client relationships. As a result
of
recognizing set-up fees in this manner, combined with the fact that a small
proportion of our clients are charged a set-up fee, revenue attributable
to our
monthly service fee accounted for 95% and 95% of total LivePerson services
revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively,
and 97% and 96% of total LivePerson services revenue for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. In addition, because we typically
do not charge a set-up fee for sales generated via Internet download, we
expect
the set-up fee to continue to represent a small percentage of total revenue.
In
instances where we do charge a set-up fee, we typically do not charge an
additional set-up fee if an existing client adds more services. Our service
agreements typically have twelve month terms and are terminable upon 30 to
90
days’ notice without penalty. We recognize monthly service fees and professional
service fees as services are provided. Professional service fees consist
of
additional training and business consulting and analysis provided to customers,
both at the initial launch and over the term of the contract. Given the time
required to schedule training for our clients’ operators and our clients’
resource constraints, we have historically experienced a lag between signing
a
client contract and generating revenue from that client. This lag has recently
ranged from 30 days to 60 days. There is no lag for sales generated via Internet
download, because our services are immediately available and fully functional
upon download.
We
also
sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These
services are marketed as Timpani SB for small- and medium-sized businesses,
and
are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate
cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right
to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales of Timpani
SB
may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative,
rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact which is typically
required for traditional direct sales. These sales typically have no set-up
fee,
because we do not provide the customer with training, and administrative
costs
are minimal. We recognize monthly service fees from the sale of Timpani SB
during the month in which services are provided.
We
also
have entered into contractual arrangements that complement our direct sales
force and online sales efforts. These are primarily with Web hosting and
call
center service companies, pursuant to which LivePerson is paid a commission
based on revenue generated by these service companies from our referrals.
To
date, revenue from such commissions has not been material.
OPERATING
EXPENSES
Our
cost
of revenue has principally been associated with the LivePerson services and
has
consisted of:
· |
compensation
costs relating to employees who provide customer service to our
clients;
|
· |
compensation
costs relating to our network support
staff;
|
· |
allocated
occupancy costs and related overhead; and
|
· |
the
cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses related
to
server leases and Internet connectivity, as well as depreciation
of
certain hardware and software.
|
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel, allocated occupancy costs and
related overhead, outsourced labor and expenses for testing new versions
of our
software. Product development expenses are charged to operations as
incurred.
-16-
Our
sales
and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales
personnel and marketing personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related
overhead, advertising, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations,
promotional materials, travel expenses and trade show exhibit
expenses.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting and human resources personnel,
allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, professional fees, provision
for
doubtful accounts and other general corporate expenses.
In
the
nine months ended September 30, 2005, we increased our allowance for doubtful
accounts by $30,000 to approximately $84,000, principally due to an increase
in
accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We base our allowance
for
doubtful accounts on specifically identified credit risks of customers,
historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable.
We
adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts when accounts previously reserved
have been collected.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Due
to
our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of FaceTime in July 2004,
our
acquisition of certain identifiable assets of Island Data in December 2003,
our
acquisition of the NewChannel customer contracts and associated rights in
July
2002 and our limited operating history, we believe that comparisons of our
operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005
and
2004 with each other, or with those of prior periods, are not meaningful
and
that our historical operating results should not be relied upon as indicative
of
future performance.
COMPARISON
OF THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2005 AND
2004
Revenue.
Total
revenue increased to $5.7 million and $16.0 million in the three and nine
months
ended September 30, 2005, respectively, from $4.4 million and $12.8 million
in
the comparable periods in 2004. This increase is primarily attributable to
revenue from new clients of approximately $1.2 million and $2.8 million,
respectively.
Cost
of Revenue.
Cost of
revenue consists of compensation costs relating to employees who provide
customer service to our clients, compensation costs relating to our network
support staff, the cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses
related to server leases and Internet connectivity, as well as depreciation
of
certain hardware and software, and allocated occupancy costs and related
overhead. Cost of revenue increased to $1.1 million and $3.0 million in the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively, from $730,000
and
$2.1 million in the comparable periods in 2004. This increase is attributable
to
increased spending for primary and backup server facilities of approximately
$117,000 and $361,000, respectively, and to costs related to additional account
management personnel to support increased client activity from existing clients
and the addition of new clients in the amount of approximately $187,000 and
$386,000, respectively. As a result, the gross margin in both periods of
2005
decreased as compared to the comparable periods in 2004. The proportion of
our
new clients that are large corporations is increasing. These companies typically
have more significant implementation requirements and more stringent data
security standards. As a result, we have invested additional resources to
support this change in the customer base and in anticipation of a continuation
of this trend, which has increased our cost of revenue and decreased our
gross
margin.
Product
Development.
Our
product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related
expenses for product development personnel. Product development costs increased
to $663,000 and $2.0 million for the three and nine months ended September
30,
2005, respectively, from $515,000 and $1.5 million in the comparable periods
in
2004. This increase is primarily attributable to costs related to additional
product development personnel to support both the launch of a significant
new
release of the LivePerson services under the Timpani brand name and to the
continuing development of our product line as we broaden the range of services
we offer to include a fully integrated, multi-channel software
platform.
Sales
and Marketing.
Our
sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses
for
sales and marketing personnel, as well as advertising and public relations
expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $1.7 million and $4.9
million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively,
from $1.3 million and $3.7 million in the comparable periods in 2004. This
increase is primarily attributable to an increase in costs related to additional
sales and marketing personnel of approximately $302,000 and $566,000,
respectively, and to a lesser extent, an increase in advertising and trade
show
expenses of approximately $312,000 in the nine months ended September 30,
2005
related to our efforts to enhance our brand recognition and increase sales
lead
activity. A significant portion of this increase is driven by our recent
move to
increase our internal marketing resources and external market presence, through
an increased focus on public relations and press activity, trade show
participation and promotional and advertising efforts designed to increase
the
inbound sales lead flow to our direct sales force.
-17-
General
and Administrative.
Our
general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related expenses for executive, accounting, human resources and administrative
personnel. General and administrative expenses decreased to $1.0 million
in the
three months ended September 30, 2005 from $1.2 million in the comparable
period
in 2004. This decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in legal expenses
of approximately $299,000 due to the settlement of a previously disclosed
legal
matter in 2004. General and administrative expenses increased to $3.4 million
in
the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $3.1 million in the comparable
period in 2004. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in
costs
related to additional administrative personnel and related occupancy costs
in
the amount of approximately $436,000 partially offset by a decrease in
accounting fees related to an audit of our internal control over financial
reporting as required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the amount of approximately
$349,000. This decrease is due to higher costs related to documentation of
our
processes in 2004, the initial year of implementation, which required minimal
changes in 2005.
Amortization
of Intangibles.
Amortization expense was $232,000 and $699,000 in the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2005, respectively, and relates to acquisition costs
recorded as a result of our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of
Island
Data Corporation and FaceTime in December 2003 and July 2004, respectively.
Amortization expense was $204,000 and $563,000 in the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2004, respectively, and relates to acquisition costs
recorded as a result of our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of
Island
Data Corporation and FaceTime in December 2003 and July 2004,
respectively.
Other
Income.
Interest
income was $81,000 and $184,000 in the three and nine months ended September
30,
2005, respectively, and $18,000 and $41,000 in the comparable periods in
2004
and consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents generated by
the
receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2000 and preferred
stock
issuances in 2000 and 1999 and, to a lesser extent, cash provided by operating
activities. This increase is primarily attributable to increases in short-term
interest rates.
Provision
for Income Taxes.
Income
tax expense was $358,000 and $738,000 in the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2005, respectively, and $25,000 and $58,000 in the comparable
periods in 2004. This increase is due primarily to the fact that a significant
portion of the remaining federal net operating loss carryforwards available
to
offset 2005 taxable income are attributable to tax deductions related to
the
exercise of employee stock options in excess of deductions recognized for
financial reporting purposes.
Net
Income.
We had
net income of $689,000 and $1.4 million in the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2005, respectively, compared to $376,000 and $1.8 million for
the
comparable periods in 2004.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As
of
September 30, 2005, we had approximately $15.2 million in cash and cash
equivalents, an increase of $2.8 million from December 31, 2004. This increase
is primarily attributable to net cash provided by operating activities offset
in
part by net cash used in investing activities. We regularly invest excess
funds
in short-term money market funds.
Net
cash
provided by operating activities was $2.9 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2005 and consisted primarily of net income and non-cash expenses
related to the amortization of intangibles and an increase in deferred income
taxes, partially offset by decreases in accrued expenses and accounts payable.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.8 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2004 and consisted of net income and non-cash expenses
related to the amortization of intangibles, non-cash compensation and
depreciation offset by decreases in accrued expenses and deferred revenue
and an
increase in prepaid expenses.
-18-
Net
cash
used in investing activities was $240,000 in the nine months ended September
30,
2005 and was due primarily to the purchase of fixed assets. Net cash used
in
investing activities was $499,000 in the nine months ended September 30,
2004
and was due primarily to the purchase of fixed assets and the acquisition
of the FaceTime customer contracts in July 2004.
Net
cash
provided by financing activities was $113,000 and $96,000 for the nine months
ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and consisted of proceeds
from
the issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options
by
employees.
We
have
incurred significant costs to develop our technology and services, to hire
employees in our customer service, sales, marketing and administration
departments, and for the amortization of goodwill and intangible assets,
as well
as non-cash compensation costs. Historically, we incurred significant quarterly
net losses from inception through June 30, 2003, significant negative cash
flows
from operations in our quarterly periods from inception through December
31,
2002 and negative cash flows from operations of $124,000 in the three month
period ended March 31, 2004. As of September 30, 2005, we had an accumulated
deficit of approximately $102.5 million. These losses have been funded primarily
through the issuance of common stock in our initial public offering and,
prior
to the initial public offering, the issuance of convertible preferred
stock.
We
anticipate that our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient
to
satisfy our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next
12
months. However, we cannot assure you that we will not require additional
funds
prior to such time, and we would then seek to sell additional equity or debt
securities through public financings, or seek alternative sources of financing.
We cannot assure you that additional funding will be available on favorable
terms, when needed, if at all. If we are unable to obtain any necessary
additional financing, we may be required to further reduce the scope of our
planned sales and marketing and product development efforts, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating
results. In addition, we may require additional funds in order to fund more
rapid expansion, to develop new or enhanced services or products or to invest
in
complementary businesses, technologies, services or products.
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
We
do not
have any special purposes entities, and other than operating leases, which
are
described below, we do not engage in off-balance sheet financing
arrangements.
We
lease
facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted for as operating
leases. These leases generally require us to pay all executory costs such
as
maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases for the three
and
nine months ended September 30, 2005 was approximately $173,000 and $483,000,
respectively, and approximately $128,000 and $362,000 for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
As
of
September 30, 2005, our principal commitments were approximately $1.2 million
under various operating leases, of which approximately $165,000 is due in
2005.
We do not currently expect that our principal commitments for the year ending
December 31, 2005 will exceed $500,000 in the aggregate. Our capital
expenditures are not currently expected to exceed $500,000 in 2005. Our
contractual obligations at September 30, 2005 are summarized as
follows:
Payments
due by period
|
||||||||||||||||
(in
thousands)
|
||||||||||||||||
Contractual
Obligations
|
Total
|
Less
than 1 year
|
1-3
years
|
3-5
years
|
More
than 5 years
|
|||||||||||
Operating
leases
|
$
|
1,171
|
$
|
165
|
$
|
1,006
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
1,171
|
$
|
165
|
$
|
1,006
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
-19-
RISK
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS
Risks
Related to Our Business
We
have a history of losses, we had an accumulated deficit of $102.5 million
as of
September 30, 2005 and we may incur losses in the future.
Although
we have achieved profitability in each three-month period from and including
the
period ended September 30, 2003, we may, in the future, incur losses and
experience negative cash flow, either or both of which may be significant.
We
recorded a net loss of $6.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2002
and
$816,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. We recorded net income of
$2.1
million in the year ended December 31, 2004 and $1.4 million in the nine
months
ended September 30, 2005. As of September 30, 2005, our accumulated deficit
was
approximately $102.5 million. We cannot assure you that we can sustain or
increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. Failure
to
maintain profitability may materially and adversely affect the market price
of
our common stock.
Our
quarterly revenue and operating results are subject to significant fluctuations,
which may adversely affect the trading price of our common
stock.
Our
quarterly revenue and operating results may fluctuate significantly in the
future due to a variety of factors, including the following factors which
are in
part within our control, and in part outside of our control:
· |
market
acceptance by companies doing business online of real-time sales,
marketing and customer service solutions;
|
· |
our
clients’ business success;
|
· |
our
clients’ demand for our services;
|
· |
our
ability to attract and retain clients;
|
· |
the
amount and timing of capital expenditures and other costs relating
to the
expansion of our operations, including those related to
acquisitions;
|
· |
the
introduction of new services by us or our competitors;
and
|
· |
changes
in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our
competitors.
|
Our
revenue and results may also fluctuate significantly in the future due to
the
following factors that are entirely outside of our control:
· |
economic
conditions specific to the Internet, electronic commerce and online
media;
and
|
· |
general
economic and political conditions.
|
Period-to-period
comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful because of these
factors. You should not rely upon these comparisons as indicators of our
future
performance.
Due
to
the foregoing factors, it is possible that our results of operations in one
or
more future quarters may fall below the expectations of securities analysts
and
investors. If this occurs, the trading price of our common stock could
decline.
-20-
We
may be unable to respond to the rapid technological change and changing client
preferences in the online sales, marketing and customer service industry
and
this may harm our business.
If
we are
unable, for technological, legal, financial or other reasons, to adapt in
a
timely manner to changing market conditions in the online sales, marketing
and
customer service industry or our clients’ or Internet users’ requirements, our
business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially
and
adversely affected. Business on the Internet is characterized by rapid
technological change. In addition, the market for online sales, marketing
and
customer service solutions is relatively new. Sudden changes in client and
Internet user requirements and preferences, frequent new product and service
introductions embodying new technologies, such as broadband communications,
and
the emergence of new industry standards and practices could render the
LivePerson services and our proprietary technology and systems obsolete.
The
rapid evolution of these products and services will require that we continually
improve the performance, features and reliability of our services. Our success
will depend, in part, on our ability to:
· |
enhance
the features and performance of the LivePerson
services;
|
· |
develop
and offer new services that are valuable to companies doing business
online and Internet users; and
|
· |
respond
to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices
in
a cost-effective and timely manner.
|
If
any of
our new services, including upgrades to our current services, do not meet
our
clients’ or Internet users’ expectations, our business may be harmed. Updating
our technology may require significant additional capital expenditures and
could
materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and
financial condition.
If
new
services require us to grow rapidly, this could place a significant strain
on
our managerial, operational, technical and financial resources. In order
to
manage our growth, we could be required to implement new or upgraded operating
and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our failure to expand our
operations in an efficient manner could cause our expenses to grow, our revenue
to decline or grow more slowly than expected and could otherwise have a material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
If
we are not competitive in the market for real-time sales, marketing and customer
service solutions, our business could be harmed.
The
market for sales and customer service technology is intensely competitive
and
characterized by aggressive marketing, evolving industry standards, rapid
technology developments and frequent new product introductions. Relatively
few
substantial barriers to entry exist in this market, other than the ability
to
design and build scalable software and, with respect to outsourced solution
providers, the ability to design, build and manage scalable network
architecture. Established or new entities may enter this market in the near
future, including those that provide real-time interaction online, with or
without the user’s request.
We
compete directly with companies focused on technology that facilitates real-time
sales, email management, searchable knowledgebase applications and customer
service interaction. These markets remain fairly saturated with small companies
that compete on price and features. We also face competition from three customer
service software providers, InstantService, Proficient Systems and RightNow
Technologies, which offer hosted solutions. Furthermore, many of our competitors
offer a broader range of customer relationship management products and services
than we currently offer. We may be disadvantaged and our business may be
harmed
if companies doing business online choose real-time sales, marketing and
customer service solutions from such providers.
We
also
face potential competition from larger enterprise software companies such
as
Oracle and SAP. In addition, established technology companies, including
Aspect
Communications, Avaya, Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, IBM and
Microsoft, may also leverage their existing relationships and capabilities
to
offer real-time sales, marketing and customer service applications.
-21-
Finally,
we face competition from clients and potential clients that choose to provide
a
real-time sales, marketing and customer service solution in-house as well
as, to
a lesser extent, traditional offline customer service solutions, such as
telephone call centers.
We
believe that competition will increase as our current competitors increase
the
sophistication of their offerings and as new participants enter the market.
Many
of our larger current and potential competitors have:
· |
longer
operating histories;
|
· |
greater
brand recognition;
|
· |
more
diversified lines of products and services;
and
|
· |
significantly
greater financial, marketing and other
resources.
|
Some
competitors may enter into strategic or commercial relationships with larger,
more established and better-financed companies. These competitors may be
able
to:
· |
undertake
more extensive marketing campaigns;
|
· |
adopt
more aggressive pricing policies; and
|
· |
make
more attractive offers to businesses to induce them to use their
products
or services.
|
Any
delay
in the general market acceptance of the real-time sales, marketing and customer
service solution business model would likely harm our competitive position.
Delays would allow our competitors additional time to improve their service
or
product offerings, and would also provide time for new competitors to develop
real-time sales, marketing and customer service applications and solicit
prospective clients within our target markets. Increased competition could
result in pricing pressures, reduced operating margins and loss of market
share.
The
success of our business is dependent on the retention of existing clients
and
their purchase of additional LivePerson services.
Our
LivePerson services agreements typically have twelve month terms and are
terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. If a significant number
of our clients, or any one client to whom we provide a significant amount
of
services, were to terminate these services agreements, or reduce the amount
of
services purchased or fail to purchase additional services, our results of
operations may be negatively and materially affected. Dissatisfaction with
the
nature or quality of our services could also lead clients to terminate our
service. We depend on monthly fees from the LivePerson services for
substantially all of our revenue. If our retention rate declines, our revenue
could decline unless we are able to obtain additional clients or alternate
revenue sources. Further, because of the historically small amount of services
sold in initial orders, we depend on sales to new clients and sales of
additional services to our existing clients.
We
are dependent on technology systems that are beyond our
control.
The
success of the LivePerson services depends in part on our clients’ online
services as well as the Internet connections of visitors to their Web sites,
both of which are outside of our control. As a result, it may be difficult
to
identify the source of problems if they occur. In the past, we have experienced
problems related to connectivity which have resulted in slower than normal
response times to Internet user chat requests and messages and interruptions
in
service. The LivePerson services rely both on the Internet and on our
connectivity vendors for data transmission. Therefore, even when connectivity
problems are not caused by the LivePerson services, our clients or Internet
users may attribute the problem to us. This could diminish our brand and
harm
our business, divert the attention of our technical personnel from our product
development efforts or cause significant client relations problems.
-22-
In
addition, we rely on a third-party Web hosting service provider for Internet
connectivity and network infrastructure hosting, security and maintenance.
The
provider has, in the past, experienced problems that have resulted in slower
than normal response times and interruptions in service. If we are unable
to
continue utilizing the services of our existing Web hosting provider or if
our
Web hosting services experience interruptions or delays, it is possible that
our
business could be harmed.
Our
service also depends on third parties for hardware and software, which products
could contain defects. Problems arising from our use of such hardware or
software could require us to incur significant costs or divert the attention
of
our technical personnel from our product development efforts. To the extent
any
such problems require us to replace such hardware or software, we may not
be
able to do so on acceptable terms, if at all.
Technological
defects could disrupt our services, which could harm our business and
reputation.
We
face
risks related to the technological capabilities of the LivePerson services.
We
expect the number of interactions between our clients’ operators and Internet
users over our system to increase significantly as we expand our client base.
Our network hardware and software may not be able to accommodate this additional
volume. Additionally, we must continually upgrade our software to improve
the
features and functionality of the LivePerson services in order to be competitive
in our market. If future versions of our software contain undetected errors,
our
business could be harmed. As a result of major software upgrades at LivePerson,
our client sites have, from time to time, experienced slower than normal
response times and interruptions in service. If we experience system failures
or
degraded response times, our reputation and brand could be harmed. We may
also
experience technical problems in the process of installing and initiating
the
LivePerson services on new Web hosting services. These problems, if unremedied,
could harm our business.
The
LivePerson services also depend on complex software which may contain defects,
particularly when we introduce new versions onto our servers. We may not
discover software defects that affect our new or current services or
enhancements until after they are deployed. It is possible that, despite
testing
by us, defects may occur in the software. These defects could result
in:
· |
damage
to our reputation;
|
· |
lost
sales;
|
· |
delays
in or loss of market acceptance of our products;
and
|
· |
unexpected
expenses and diversion of resources to remedy
errors.
|
Our
clients may experience adverse business conditions that could adversely affect
our business.
Some
of
our clients may experience difficulty in supporting their current operations
and
implementing their business plans. These clients may reduce their spending
on
our services, or may not be able to discharge their payment and other
obligations to us. These circumstances are influenced by general economic
and
industry-specific conditions, and could have a material adverse impact on
our
business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, as
a
result of these conditions, our clients, in particular our Internet-related
clients that may experience (or that anticipate experiencing) difficulty
raising
capital, may elect to scale back the resources they devote to customer service
technology, including services such as ours. If the current environment for
our
clients, including, in particular, our Internet-related clients, does not
improve, our business, results of operations and financial condition could
be
materially adversely affected. In addition, the non-payment or late payment
of
amounts due to us from a significant number of clients would negatively impact
our financial condition. We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts
by
$30,000 to approximately $84,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005,
principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased
sales. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we increased our allowance
for
doubtful accounts by $30,000, principally due to an increase in accounts
receivable as a result of increased sales, and we wrote off approximately
$40,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance of $54,000
at
December 31, 2004.
-23-
Our
business is significantly dependent on our ability to retain our current
key
personnel, to attract new personnel, and to manage staff
attrition.
Our
future success depends to a significant extent on the continued services
of our
senior management team, including Robert P. LoCascio, our founder and Chief
Executive Officer. The loss of the services of any member of our senior
management team, in particular Mr. LoCascio, could have a material and adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We
cannot
assure you that we would be able to successfully integrate newly-hired senior
managers who would work together successfully with our existing management
team.
We
may be
unable to attract, integrate or retain other highly qualified employees in
the
future. If our retention efforts are ineffective, employee turnover could
increase and our ability to provide services to our clients would be materially
and adversely affected. Furthermore, the new requirement to expense stock
options may discourage us from granting the size or type of stock option
awards
that job candidates may require to join our company.
Any
staff
attrition we experience, whether initiated by the departing employees or
by us,
could place a significant strain on our managerial, operational, financial
and
other resources. To the extent that we do not initiate or seek any staff
attrition that occurs, there can be no assurance that we will be able to
identify and hire adequate replacement staff promptly, if at all, and even
that
if such staff is replaced, we will be successful in integrating these employees.
In addition, we may not be able to outsource certain functions. We expect
to
evaluate our needs and the performance of our staff on a periodic basis,
and may
choose to make adjustments in the future. If the size of our staff is
significantly reduced, either by our choice or otherwise, it may become more
difficult for us to manage existing, or establish new, relationships with
clients and other counter-parties, or to expand and improve our service
offerings. It may also become more difficult for us to implement changes
to our
business plan or to respond promptly to opportunities in the marketplace.
Further, it may become more difficult for us to devote personnel resources
necessary to maintain or improve existing systems, including our financial
and
managerial controls, billing systems, reporting systems and procedures. Thus,
any significant amount of staff attrition could cause our business and financial
results to suffer.
We
believe our reported financial results may be adversely affected by changes
in
accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States.
Generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States are subject to
interpretation by the FASB, the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants, the SEC, and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret
appropriate accounting principles. A change in these principles or
interpretations could have a significant effect on our reported financial
results, and could affect the reporting of transactions completed before
the
announcement of a change.
For
example, in December 2004, the FASB announced its decision to require companies
to expense employee stock options by issuing SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),
“Share-Based Payment.” In April 2005, the SEC announced a new rule that delays
the implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) until the fiscal year that begins after
June 15, 2005. We expect to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) as of
January 1, 2006. We believe this change in accounting will have a material
adverse effect on our reported results of operations. Based upon the current
number of outstanding stock options, we expect that the impact of this
accounting change will decrease net income per common share by approximately
$0.05 for the fiscal year ended 2006. This figure may change based upon
additional stock options grants, methodology refinement or other
factors.
We
cannot predict our future capital needs to execute our business strategy
and we
may not be able to secure additional financing.
We
believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from
operations, if any, will be sufficient to fund our working capital and capital
expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. To the extent
that
we require additional funds to support our operations or the expansion of
our
business, or to pay for acquisitions, we may need to sell additional equity,
issue debt or convertible securities or obtain credit facilities through
financial institutions. In the past, we have obtained financing principally
through the sale of preferred stock, common stock and warrants. If additional
funds are raised through the issuance of debt or preferred equity securities,
these securities could have rights, preferences and privileges senior to
holders
of common stock, and could have terms that impose restrictions on our
operations. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of additional
equity or convertible securities, our stockholders could suffer dilution.
We
cannot assure you that additional funding, if required, will be available
to us
in amounts or on terms acceptable to us. If sufficient funds are not available
or are not available on acceptable terms, our ability to fund any potential
expansion, take advantage of acquisition opportunities, develop or enhance
our
services or products, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures would
be
significantly limited. Those limitations would materially and adversely affect
our business, results of operations and financial condition.
-24-
If
we do not successfully integrate potential future acquisitions, our business
could be harmed.
In
the
future, we may acquire or invest in complementary companies, products or
technologies. Acquisitions and investments involve numerous risks to us,
including:
· |
difficulties
in integrating operations, technologies, products and personnel with
LivePerson;
|
· |
diversion
of financial and management resources from efforts related to the
LivePerson services or other then-existing operations; risks of entering
new markets beyond providing real-time sales, marketing and customer
service solutions for companies doing business
online;
|
· |
potential
loss of either our existing key employees or key employees of any
companies we acquire; and
|
· |
our
inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition or
investment costs.
|
These
difficulties could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management
and
employees, increase our expenses and adversely affect our results of operations.
Furthermore, we may incur debt or issue equity securities to pay for any
future
acquisitions. The issuance of equity securities could be dilutive to our
existing stockholders.
We
could face additional regulatory requirements, tax liabilities and other
risks
as we expand internationally.
In
October 2000, we acquired HumanClick, an Israeli-based provider of real-time
online customer service applications. In addition, we are testing an outsourced
sales and marketing service provider to sell the LivePerson services in Western
Europe. There are risks related to doing business in international markets,
such
as changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers,
fluctuations in currency exchange rates, more stringent rules relating to
the
privacy of Internet users and adverse tax consequences. In addition, there
are
likely to be different consumer preferences and requirements in specific
international markets. Furthermore, we may face difficulties in staffing
and
managing any foreign operations. One or more of these factors could harm
any
future international operations.
Our
reputation depends, in part, on factors which are entirely outside of our
control.
Our
services typically appear as a LivePerson-branded, Timpani-branded or a
custom-created icon on our clients’ Web sites. The customer service operators
who respond to the inquiries of our clients’ Internet users are employees or
agents of our clients; they are not our employees. As a result, we have no
way
of controlling the actions of these operators. In addition, an Internet user
may
not know that the operator is an employee or agent of our client, rather
than a
LivePerson employee. If an Internet user were to have a negative experience
in a
LivePerson-powered real-time dialogue, it is possible that this experience
could
be attributed to us, which could diminish our brand and harm our business.
Finally, we believe the success of our services depend on the prominent
placement of the icon on the client’s Web site, over which we also have no
control.
-25-
Our
business and prospects would suffer if we are unable to protect and enforce
our
intellectual property rights.
Our
success and ability to compete depend, in part, upon the protection of our
intellectual property rights relating to the technology underlying the
LivePerson services. It is possible that:
· |
any
issued patent or patents issued in the future may not be broad enough
to
protect our intellectual property rights;
|
· |
any
issued patent or any patents issued in the future could be successfully
challenged by one or more third parties, which could result in our
loss of
the right to prevent others from exploiting the inventions claimed
in the
patents;
|
· |
current
and future competitors may independently develop similar technologies,
duplicate our services or design around any patents we may have;
and
|
· |
effective
patent protection may not be available in every country in which
we do
business, where our services are sold or used, where the laws may
not
protect proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the U.S. or
where
enforcement of laws protecting proprietary rights is not common or
effective.
|
Further,
to the extent that the invention described in any U.S. patent was made public
prior to the filing of the patent application, we may not be able to obtain
patent protection in certain foreign countries. We also rely upon copyright,
trade secret, trademark and other common law in the U.S. and other
jurisdictions, as well as confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions,
to protect our proprietary technology, processes and other intellectual
property, to the extent that protection is sought or secured at all. Any
steps
we might take may not be adequate to protect against infringement and
misappropriation of our intellectual property by third parties. Similarly,
third
parties may be able to independently develop similar or superior technology,
processes or other intellectual property. Policing unauthorized use of our
services and intellectual property rights is difficult, and we cannot be
certain
that the steps we have taken will prevent misappropriation of our technology
or
intellectual property rights, particularly in foreign countries where we
do
business, where our services are sold or used, where the laws may not protect
proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the United States or where
enforcement of laws protecting proprietary rights is not common or effective.
The unauthorized reproduction or other misappropriation of our intellectual
property rights could enable third parties to benefit from our technology
without paying us for it. If this occurs, our business, results of operations
and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition,
disputes concerning the ownership or rights to use intellectual property
could
be costly and time-consuming to litigate, may distract management from operating
our business and may result in our loss of significant rights.
Our
products and services may infringe upon intellectual property rights of third
parties and any infringement could require us to incur substantial costs
and may
distract our management.
We
are
subject to the risk of claims alleging infringement of third-party proprietary
rights. Substantial litigation regarding intellectual property rights exists
in
the software industry. In the ordinary course of our business, our services
may
be increasingly subject to third-party infringement claims as the number
of
competitors in our industry segment grows and the functionality of services
in
different industry segments overlaps. Some of our competitors in the market
for
real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions may have filed
or may
intend to file patent applications covering aspects of their technology.
Any
claims alleging infringement of third-party intellectual property rights
could
require us to spend significant amounts in litigation (even if the claim
is
invalid), distract management from other tasks of operating our business,
pay
substantial damage awards, prevent us from selling our products, delay delivery
of the LivePerson services, develop non-infringing software, technology,
business processes, systems or other intellectual property (none of which
might
be successful), or limit our ability to use the intellectual property that
is
the subject of any of these claims, unless we enter into license agreements
with
the third parties (which may be unavailable on commercially reasonable terms,
or
not available at all). Therefore, such claims could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
We
may be liable if third parties misappropriate personal information belonging
to
our clients’ Internet users.
We
maintain dialogue transcripts of the text-based chats and email interactions
between our clients and Internet users and store on our servers information
supplied voluntarily by these Internet users in surveys. We provide this
information to our clients to allow them to perform Internet user analyses
and
monitor the effectiveness of our services. Some of the information we collect
may include personal information, such as contact and demographic information.
If third parties were able to penetrate our network security or otherwise
misappropriate personal information relating to our clients’ Internet users or
the text of customer service inquiries, we could be subject to liability.
We
could be subject to negligence claims or claims for misuse of personal
information. These claims could result in litigation, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of
security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches.
-26-
The
need
to physically secure and securely transmit confidential information online
has
been a significant barrier to electronic commerce and online communications.
Any
well-publicized compromise of security could deter people from using online
services such as the ones we offer, or from using them to conduct transactions,
which involve transmitting confidential information. Because our success
depends
on the general acceptance of our services and electronic commerce, we may
incur
significant costs to protect against the threat of security breaches or to
alleviate problems caused by these breaches.
Political,
economic and military conditions in Israel could negatively impact our Israeli
operations.
Our
product development staff, help desk and online sales personnel are located
in
Israel. As of September 30, 2005, we had 37 full-time employees in Israel
and as
of December 31, 2004, we had 30 full-time employees in Israel. Although
substantially all of our sales to date have been made to customers outside
Israel, we are directly influenced by the political, economic and military
conditions affecting Israel. Since the establishment of the State of Israel
in
1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its
Arab
neighbors. A state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has caused
security and economic problems in Israel. Further, since September 2000,
there
has been a significant deterioration in the relationship between Israel and
the
Palestinian Authority and serious violence has ensued, the peace process
between
the parties has stagnated, and Israel’s relationship with several Arab countries
has been adversely affected. Moreover, hostilities during 2002, 2003 and
2004
escalated significantly, with increased attacks in Israel and an armed conflict
between Israel and the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. Efforts to
resolve the conflict have failed to result in an agreeable solution. The
future
of relations between the Palestinian Authority and Israel is uncertain, and
the
execution of Israel’s plan of a unilateral disengagement from Gaza and some
parts of the West Bank may negatively affect the overall stability of the
region. Continued hostilities between the Palestinian community and Israel
and
any failure to settle the conflict could adversely affect our operations
in
Israel and our business. Further deterioration of the situation into a
full-scale armed conflict might require more widespread military reserve
service
by some of our Israeli employees and might result in a significant downturn
in
the economic or financial condition of Israel, either of which could have
a
material adverse effect on our operations in Israel and our business. In
addition, several Arab countries still restrict business with Israeli companies.
Our operations in Israel could be adversely affected by restrictive laws
or
policies directed towards Israel and Israeli businesses.
Risks
Related to Our Industry
We
are dependent on the continued use of the Internet as a medium for
commerce.
We
cannot
be sure that a sufficiently broad base of consumers will continue to use
the
Internet as a medium for commerce. Convincing our clients to offer real-time
sales, marketing and customer service technology may be difficult.
The
continuation of the Internet as a viable commercial marketplace is subject
to a
number of factors, including:
· |
continued
growth in the number of users;
|
· |
concerns
about transaction security;
|
· |
continued
development of the necessary technological
infrastructure;
|
· |
development
of enabling technologies;
|
· |
uncertain
and increasing government regulation; and
|
· |
the
development of complementary services and
products.
|
-27-
We
depend on the continued viability of the infrastructure of the
Internet.
To
the
extent that the Internet continues to experience growth in the number of
users
and frequency of use by consumers resulting in increased bandwidth demands,
we
cannot assure you that the infrastructure for the Internet will be able to
support the demands placed upon it. The Internet has experienced outages
and
delays as a result of damage to portions of its infrastructure. Outages or
delays could adversely affect online sites, email and the level of traffic
on
the Internet. We also depend on Internet service providers that provide our
clients and Internet users with access to the LivePerson services. In the
past,
users have experienced difficulties due to system failures unrelated to our
service. In addition, the Internet could lose its viability due to delays
in the
adoption of new standards and protocols required to handle increased levels
of
Internet activity. Insufficient availability of telecommunications services
to
support the Internet also could result in slower response times and negatively
impact use of the Internet generally, and our clients’ sites (including the
LivePerson dialogue windows) in particular. If the use of the Internet fails
to
grow or grows more slowly than expected, if the infrastructure for the Internet
does not effectively support growth that may occur or if the Internet does
not
become a viable commercial marketplace, we may not maintain profitability
and
our business, results of operations and financial condition will
suffer.
We
may become subject to burdensome government regulation and legal
uncertainties.
We
are
subject to federal, state and local regulation, and laws of jurisdictions
outside of the United States, including laws and regulations applicable to
computer software and access to or commerce over the Internet. Due to the
increasing popularity and use of the Internet and various other online services,
it is likely that a number of new laws and regulations will be adopted with
respect to the Internet or other online services covering issues such as
user
privacy, freedom of expression, pricing, content and quality of products
and
services, taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights and information
security. The nature of such legislation and the manner in which it may be
interpreted and enforced cannot be fully determined and, therefore, such
legislation could subject us and/or our clients or Internet users to potential
liability, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
As
a
result of collecting data from live online Internet user dialogues, our clients
may be able to analyze the commercial habits of Internet users. Privacy concerns
may cause Internet users to avoid online sites that collect such behavioral
information and even the perception of security and privacy concerns, whether
or
not valid, may indirectly inhibit market acceptance of our services. In
addition, we or our clients may be harmed by any laws or regulations that
restrict the ability to collect or use this data. The European Union and
many
countries within the E.U. have adopted privacy directives or laws that strictly
regulate the collection and use of personally identifiable information of
Internet users. The United States has adopted legislation which governs the
collection and use of certain personal information. The U.S. Federal Trade
Commission has also taken action against Web site operators who do not comply
with their stated privacy policies. Furthermore, other foreign jurisdictions
have adopted legislation governing the collection and use of personal
information. These and other governmental efforts may limit our clients’ ability
to collect and use information about their Internet users through our services.
As a result, such laws and efforts could create uncertainty in the marketplace
that could reduce demand for our services or increase the cost of doing business
as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or could
in
some other manner have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of
operations and financial condition.
For
example, the LivePerson services allow our clients to capture and save
information about Internet users, possibly without their knowledge.
Additionally, our service uses a tool, commonly referred to as a “cookie,” to
uniquely identify each of our clients’ Internet users. To the extent that
additional legislation regarding Internet user privacy is enacted, such as
legislation governing the collection and use of information regarding Internet
users through the use of cookies, the effectiveness of the LivePerson services
could be impaired by restricting us from collecting information which may
be
valuable to our clients. The foregoing could have a material adverse effect
our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
In
addition to privacy legislation, any new legislation or regulation regarding
the
Internet, or the application of existing laws and regulations to the Internet,
could harm us. Additionally, as we operate outside the U.S., the international
regulatory environment relating to the Internet could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
-28-
Security
concerns could hinder commerce on the Internet.
User
concerns about the security of confidential information online has been a
significant barrier to commerce on the Internet and online communications.
Any
well-publicized compromise of security could deter people from using the
Internet or other online services or from using them to conduct transactions
that involve the transmission of confidential information. If Internet commerce
is inhibited as a result of such security concerns, our business would be
harmed.
Other
Risks
Our
stockholders who each own greater than five percent of the outstanding common
stock, and our executive officers and directors, will be able to influence
matters requiring a stockholder vote.
Our
stockholders who each own greater than five percent of the outstanding common
stock and their affiliates, and our executive officers and directors, in
the
aggregate, beneficially own approximately 45.5% of our outstanding common
stock.
As a result, these stockholders, if acting together, will be able to
significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders,
including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate
transactions. This concentration of ownership could also have the effect
of
delaying or preventing a change in control.
The
future sale of shares of our common stock may negatively affect our stock
price.
If
our
stockholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock, including shares
issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants in the public
market, or if our stockholders are perceived by the market as intending to
sell
substantial amounts of our common stock, the market price of our common stock
could fall. These sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell
equity
securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. The
number of shares of common stock subject to the registration statement we
filed
in January 2004, registering our issuance and sale from time to time of up
to
4,000,000 shares of common stock, is much greater than the average weekly
trading volume for our shares. No prediction can be made as to the effect,
if
any, that market sales of these or other shares of our common stock will
have on
the market price of our common stock.
Our
stock price has been highly volatile and may experience extreme price and
volume
fluctuations in the future, which could reduce the value of your investment
and
subject us to litigation.
Fluctuations
in market price and volume are particularly common among securities of Internet
and other technology companies. The market price of our common stock has
fluctuated significantly in the past and may continue to be highly volatile,
with extreme price and volume fluctuations, in response to the following
factors, some of which are beyond our control:
· |
variations
in our quarterly operating results;
|
· |
changes
in market valuations of publicly-traded companies in general and
Internet
and other technology companies in
particular;
|
· |
our
announcements of significant client contracts, acquisitions and our
ability to integrate these acquisitions, strategic partnerships,
joint
ventures or capital commitments;
|
· |
our
failure to complete significant sales;
|
· |
additions
or departures of key personnel;
|
· |
future
sales of our common stock;
|
· |
changes
in financial estimates by securities analysts;
and
|
· |
terrorist
attacks against the United States or in Israel, the engagement in
hostilities or an escalation of hostilities by or against the United
States or Israel, or the declaration of war or national emergency
by the
United States or Israel.
|
-29-
In
the
past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their
stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. We may
in the
future be the target of similar litigation, which could result in substantial
costs and distract management from other important aspects of operating our
business.
Anti-takeover
provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may make it difficult
for a
third party to acquire us.
Provisions
of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, such as our staggered
Board of Directors, the manner in which director vacancies may be filled
and
provisions regarding the calling of stockholder meetings, could make it more
difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so might be beneficial
to our stockholders. In addition, provisions of our amended and restated
bylaws,
such as advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals, and applicable
provisions of Delaware law, such as the application of business combination
limitations, could impose similar difficulties. Further, provisions of our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation relating to directors,
stockholder meetings, limitation of director liability, indemnification and
amendment of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws may not be amended
without the affirmative vote of not less than 66.67% of the outstanding shares
of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors
(considered for this purpose as a single class) cast at a meeting of our
stockholders called for that purpose. Our amended and restated bylaws may
not be
amended without the affirmative vote of at least 66.67% of our Board of
Directors or without the affirmative vote of not less than 66.67% of the
outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the
election of directors (considered for this purpose as a single class) cast
at a
meeting of our stockholders called for that purpose.
ITEM 3. |
QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
|
Currency
Rate Fluctuations
Through
September 30, 2005, our results of operations, financial condition and cash
flows have not been materially affected by changes in the relative values
of
non-U.S. currencies to the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our
wholly-owned Israeli subsidiary, HumanClick Ltd., is the U.S. dollar. We
do not
use derivative financial instruments to limit our foreign currency risk
exposure.
Collection
Risk
Our
accounts receivable are subject, in the normal course of business, to collection
risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and
business practices to protect against the adverse effects of collection risks.
We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $30,000 to approximately
$84,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, principally due to an
increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. During the
year
ended December 31, 2004, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts
by
$30,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result
of
increased sales, and we wrote off approximately $40,000 of previously reserved
accounts, leaving a net allowance of $54,000 at December 31, 2004.
Interest
Rate Risk
Our
investments consist of cash and cash equivalents. Therefore, changes in the
market’s interest rates do not affect in any material respect the value of the
investments as recorded by us.
ITEM 4. |
CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
|
Our
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
evaluated the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures,” as that
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange
Act
of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of September 30, 2005. Based on
that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of
September 30, 2005 to ensure that the information we are required to disclose
in
the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in
the
Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that such
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including
the
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
-30-
There
were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the
quarter ended September 30, 2005 identified in connection with the evaluation
thereof by our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely
to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 1. |
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
|
In
September 2005, we received written notification from a former employee alleging
claims related to improper termination of employment. We believe the claims
are
without merit, and, in the event this matter proceeds further, we intend
to
vigorously defend against any such claims. We have not accrued for this
contingency as of September 30, 2005, because the amount of loss, if any,
cannot
be reasonably estimated at this time.
We
are
not currently party to any legal proceedings. From time to time, we may be
subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course
of
business.
ITEM 6. |
EXHIBITS
|
The
following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q:
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
-31-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LIVEPERSON, INC. | ||
|
|
|
Date: November 9, 2005 | By: | /s/ ROBERT P. LOCASCIO |
|
||
Name:
Robert P. LoCascio
Title:
Chief Executive Officer (duly authorized
officer)
|
Date: November 9, 2005 | By: | /s/ TIMOTHY E. BIXBY |
|
||
Name:
Timothy E. Bixby
Title:
President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
(principal financial and accounting
officer)
|
-32-
EXHIBIT
INDEX
EXHIBIT
31.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a),
as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002
|