Lucid Diagnostics Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

OR

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File Number: 001-40901

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(212) 949-4319

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of  “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to section 13(c) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 12, 2022 there were 38,138,036 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, issued (with such number of shares inclusive of shares of common stock underlying unvested restricted stock awards granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan as of such date).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

and SUBSIDIARY

(a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data - unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

and SUBSIDIARY

(a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data - unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

and SUBSIDIARY

(a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

for the THREE MONTHS ENDED March 31, 2022 and 2021

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data - unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

and SUBSIDIARY

(a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands except number of shares and per share data - unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

LUCID DIAGNOSTICS INC.

and SUBSIDIARY

(a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.)

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in these accompanying notes are presented in thousands, except number of shares and per-share amounts.)

Note 1 — Summary Description of the Company

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are those of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. (“Lucid Diagnostics” or “the Company”), which was incorporated in the State of Delaware on May 8, 2018. Lucid Diagnostics Inc. is a majority-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc., as discussed below.

The Company operates in one segment as a commercial-stage medical diagnostics technology company focused on the millions of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease - “GERD” - which is also known as chronic heartburn, acid reflux or simply reflux, who are at risk for developing esophageal precancer and cancer, specifically highly lethal esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. entered into a patent license agreement with Case Western Reserve University (“CWRU”), captioned the Amended and Restated License Agreement, dated August 23, 2021 (“Amended CWRU License Agreement”). The Amended CWRU License Agreement is a successor to and replaced in its entirety the previous CWRU License Agreement, dated May 12, 2018. The Amended CWRU License Agreement terminates upon the expiration of certain related patents, or on May 12, 2038 in countries where no such patents exist, or upon expiration of any exclusive marketing rights granted by the FDA or other U.S. government agency, whichever comes later.

The Amended CWRU License Agreement (as did the predecessor CWRU License Agreement) provides for the exclusive worldwide license of the intellectual property rights for the proprietary technologies of two distinct technology components - the “EsoCheck Cell Collection Device” referred to as “EsoCheck®” and a panel of proprietary methylated DNA biomarkers, a laboratory developed test (“LDT”), referred to as “EsoGuard®” and together are collectively referred to as the “EsoGuard Technology”. See Note 3, Patent License Agreement – Case Western Reserve University, for a discussion of the Amended CWRU License Agreement.

Since its inception, the Company has advanced the proprietary technologies underlying EsoGuard and EsoCheck from the academic research laboratory to commercial diagnostics tests and devices with scalable manufacturing capacity. The Company is presently focused on expanding commercialization across multiple sales channels, including: the communication and education of medical practitioners and clinicians of the EsoGuard LDT; and establishing “Lucid Diagnostics Test Centers” for the collection of cell samples using EsoCheck Up and until February 25, 2022, delivery of the collected cell samples were sent to ResearchDX Inc. (“RDx”), a CLIA certified commercial laboratory service provider, for the performance of the EsoGuard LDT. See LucidDx Labs, Inc. and Asset Purchase Agreement-February 2022 below. Additionally, the Company is conducting two concurrent clinical trials, including each of: the “EsoGuard screening study” (“ESOGUARD-BE-1”); and the “EsoGuard case control study” (“ESOGUARD-BE-2”), to support a United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) pre-market approval (“PMA”) of the use of EsoGuard and EsoCheck as an in-vitro diagnostic medical device (“IVD”). Further, the Company is developing expanded clinical evidence to support recommendation of our products in professional society guidelines.

Note 1 — Summary Description of the Company - continued

Since its inception and through the date of the Company’s IPO on October 14, 2021, the operations of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. have been funded by PAVmed Inc. providing working capital cash advances and the payment by PAVmed Inc. of certain operating expenses on-behalf-of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. Additionally, the daily operations of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. continue to be managed by personnel employed by PAVmed Inc., for which Lucid Diagnostics Inc. incurs expense according to the provisions of a Management Services Agreement between Lucid Diagnostics Inc. and PAVmed Inc. See Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for information with respect to the Management Services Agreement; and Note 6, Due To PAVmed Inc., for further information with respect to amounts owed to PAVmed Inc. by Lucid Diagnostics Inc.

The Company is subject to all of the risks and uncertainties typically faced by medical device and diagnostic and medical device companies that devote substantially all of their efforts to the commercialization of their initial product and services and ongoing research and development activities and conducting clinical trials. The Company expects to continue to experience recurring losses from operations and will continue to fund its operations with debt and equity financing transactions. Notwithstanding, however, with the cash on-hand as of the date hereof and other debt and equity committed sources of capital with Lucid and its parent company, PAVmed, the Company expects to be able to fund its future operations for one year from the date of the issue of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as included herein in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2022.

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. Initial Public Offering - October 14, 2021

On October 14, 2021, Lucid Diagnostics Inc. completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of its common stock under an effective registration statement on Form S-1 (SEC File No. 333-259721), wherein a total of 5.0 million IPO shares of common stock were issued, with such total IPO shares inclusive of 571,428 IPO shares issued to PAVmed Inc., at an IPO price of $14.00 per share, resulting gross proceeds of $70.0 million, before underwriting fees of $4.9 million, and approximately $0.7 million of offering costs incurred by the Company.

LucidDx Labs Inc.

In December 2021, Lucid Diagnostics, Inc. formed a new wholly owned subsidiary, LucidDx Labs Inc., principally to construct and operate a Company-owned Commercial Lab Improvements Act (“CLIA”) certified, College of American Pathologists (“CAP”) accredited commercial clinical laboratory.

On February 25, 2022, LucidDx Labs, Inc., entered into an asset purchase agreement (“APA”) with ResearchDx, Inc. (“RDx”), an unrelated third-party - “RDx APA”. Under the RDx APA, LucidDx Labs Inc. acquired certain assets from RDx to be combined with LucidDx Labs Inc. purchased and leased property and equipment to establish a Company-owned CLIA certified, CAP accredited commercial clinical laboratory capable of performing the EsoGuard® Esophageal DNA assay, inclusive of DNA extraction, next generation sequencing (“NGS”) and specimen storage. See Note 7, Acquisitions - Asset Purchase Agreement - Research Dx Inc., for a further discussion of the RDx APA.

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards Updates

Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are as disclosed in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the SEC on April 6, 2022, except as otherwise noted herein below.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), and applicable rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, LucidDx Labs Inc. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Lucid Diagnostics Inc. (“the Company”) is a majority-owned consolidated subsidiary of PAVmed Inc., which has a majority equity ownership interest and has financial control of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. The Company manages its operations as a single operating segment for the purposes of assessing performance and making operating decisions.

All amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and these notes thereto are presented in thousands of dollars, if not otherwise noted as being presented in millions of dollars, except for shares and per share amounts.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent losses, as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates in these consolidated financial statements include those related to the estimated fair value of stock-based equity awards and contingent consideration. Other significant estimates include the provision or benefit for income taxes and the corresponding valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. Additionally, management’s assessment of the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern involves the estimation of the amount and timing of future cash inflows and outflows. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Due to inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may be affected by changes in these estimates.

Contingent Consideration

Contingent Consideration relates to the potential payment for an acquisition that is contingent upon the achievement of the acquired business meeting certain milestones. The Company records contingent consideration at fair value at the date of acquisition based on the consideration expected to be transferred. For potential payments related to milestone achievements, the Company estimated the fair value based on the probability of achievement of such milestones. The assumptions utilized in the calculation of the acquisition date fair value include probability of success and the discount rates. Contingent consideration involves certain assumptions requiring significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts. Contingent consideration is remeasured each reporting period, and subsequent changes in fair value, including accretion for the passage of time, are recognized within other income (expense), net in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards Updates - continued

Recent Accounting Standards Updates Adopted

Effective December 31, 2021, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”). ASC 842 established a right-of-use (“ROU”) model requiring a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and a lease liability for all leases with terms greater-than 12 months. Leases are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The Company’s adoption of ASC 842 did not have an effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 9, Leases.

Note 3 — Patent License Agreement - Case Western Reserve University

The Company has a patent license agreement with CWRU which provides for each of patent fees reimbursement payments, milestone payments and royalty payments - each as discussed below. For further details of this agreement, see Note 3 of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. is responsible for reimbursement of certain CWRU billed patent fees. See Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for patent fee reimbursement payments paid to CWRU in the periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

The CWRU License Agreement contained milestones for which a $75 research and development expense was recognized and paid with respect to the achievement of the regulatory milestone related to FDA clearance of EsoCheck. The CWRU License Agreement was amended effective February 12, 2021 such that a regulatory milestone related to FDA PMA submission of a licensed product (“PMA Milestone”) is included in the Amended CWRU License Agreement, and is the sole remaining unachieved milestone, for which a $200 milestone payment would be payable to CWRU upon its achievement.

Note 3 — Patent License Agreement - Case Western Reserve University - continued

Under the Amended CWRU License Agreement, the Company is required to pay a royalty fee to CWRU with respect to the “Licensed Products” (as defined in the CWRU License Agreement) of a percentage of “Net Sales”, as defined in the Amended CWRU License Agreement, as follows: 5.0% of Net Sales up to $100.0 million per year; and 8.0% of Net Sales of $100.0 million or greater per year, with such amounts subject-to a minimum annual royalty fee. The Company recorded a royalty expense of $10 for the three months ended March 31, 2022

Note 4 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue is recognized when the satisfaction of the performance obligation occurs, which is when the delivery of product and /or the provision of service is rendered, and is measured as the amount of estimated consideration expected to be realized. In the period ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized revenue under the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, dated August 1, 2021, as discussed below.

EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement

The Company entered into the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, dated August 1, 2021, with its CLIA certified commercial laboratory service provider, ResearchDX Inc. (“RDx”), an unrelated third-party. The EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement initial term was on a month-to-month basis and was terminated on February 25, 2022 upon the execution of the RDx APA. See Note 7, Acquisitions - Asset Purchase Agreement - Research Dx Inc., for a further discussion of the RDx APA.

Revenue Recognized

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized total revenue of $189 under the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, which represents the minimum fixed monthly fee of $100 for the period January 1, 2022 to the February 25, 2022 termination date as discussed above. The monthly fee was deemed to be collectible for such period as RDx has timely paid the applicable respective monthly fee.

Cost of Revenue

The cost of revenue recognized with respect to the revenue recognized under the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement for the period January 1, 2022 to February 25, 2022 totaled $369, inclusive of employee related costs of employees engaged in the delivery of the administration to patients of the EsoCheck cell sample collection procedure, EsoCheck devices and EsoGuard mailers (cell sample shipping costs) distributed to medical practitioners’ locations and the Lucid Test Centers; Lucid Test Centers operating expenses, including rent expense and supplies; and royalty fees incurred under the Amended CWRU License Agreement.

Note 5 — Related Party Transactions

Case Western Reserve University and Physician Inventors - CWRU License Agreement

Case Western Reserve University (“CWRU”) and each of the three physician inventors of the intellectual property licensed under the CWRU License Agreement (“Physician Inventors”) each hold equity ownership minority interests in Lucid Diagnostics Inc. The expenses incurred with respect to the CWRU License Agreement and the three Physician Inventors, as classified in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the periods indicated are summarized as follows:

Schedule of Incurred Expenses of Minority Shareholders

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. entered into consulting agreements with each of the three Physician Inventors, with each such consulting agreement providing for compensation on a contractual rate per hour for consulting services provided, and an expiration date of May 12, 2024, upon the agreements’ renewal effective May 12, 2021. Additionally, as discussed below, each of the Physician Inventors have been granted stock options under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan, and stock options and restricted stock awards under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan.

Under each of their respective (initial) consulting agreements with Lucid Diagnostics Inc., the three Physician Inventors were each granted 25,000 stock options under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, with a grant date of May 12, 2018, an exercise price of $1.59 per share of common stock of PAVmed Inc., vesting ratably on a quarterly basis commencing June 30, 2018 and ending March 31, 2021, and a contractual period of ten years from the date of grant. As of March 31, 2021, such stock options were fully vested and exercisable. Subsequent to March 31, 2021, each of the Physician Inventors were granted 50,000 stock options under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, with a grant date of June 21, 2021, an exercise price of $6.41 per share of common stock of PAVmed Inc., vesting ratably on a quarterly basis commencing June 30, 2021 and ending March 31, 2024, and a contractual period of ten years from the date of grant.

On March 1, 2021, restricted stock awards were granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan to each of the three Physician Inventors, with such restricted stock awards having a single vesting date of March 1, 2023, with the fair value of such restricted stock awards recognized as stock-based compensation expense ratably on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which is commensurate with the service period. The restricted stock awards are subject to forfeiture if the requisite service period is not completed.

Note 5 — Related Party Transactions - continued

PAVmed Inc. - Management Services Agreement

The daily operations of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. are managed by personnel employed by PAVmed Inc., for which Lucid Diagnostics Inc. incurs a service fee, referred to as the “MSA Fee”, according to the provisions of a Management Services Agreement (“MSA”) with PAVmed Inc. The MSA does not have a termination date, but may be terminated by the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. board of directors. The MSA Fee is charged on a quarterly basis and is subject-to periodic adjustment corresponding with changes in the number of PAVmed Inc. employees providing services to Lucid Diagnostics Inc., with the change in the MSA Fee approved by each of the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. and PAVmed Inc. board of directors.

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. recognized MSA Fee expense of $1,170 and $770 in the periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The MSA Fee expense classification in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the periods noted is as follows:

Schedule of MSA Fee Expense Classification in Unaudited Condensed Statement of Operations

The classification of the MSA Fee as presented above is based on the PAVmed Inc. classification of employee salary expense. In this regard, PAVmed Inc. classifies employee salary expense as cost-of-revenue for employees engaged in service delivery under the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, and sales and marketing expenses for employees performing sales, marketing, and reimbursement activities and functions, general and administrative, and research and development except for those employees who are engaged in product and services engineering development and design and /or clinical trials activities, for which such employee salary is classified as research and development expense.

Other Related Party Transactions

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. previously entered into a consulting agreement with Stanley N. Lapidus, effective June 2020 with such consulting agreement providing for compensation on a contractual rate per hour for consulting services provided. In July 2021, Mr. Lapidus was appointed as Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. Lucid Diagnostics Inc. recognized general and administrative expense of $6 in the period ended March 31, 2021 in connection with the consulting agreement.

Note 6 — Due To PAVmed Inc.

The aggregate Due To: PAVmed Inc., inclusive of the Senior Unsecured Promissory Note, for the periods indicated is summarized as follows:

 Schedule of Senior Unsecured Promissory Note

Prior to the Company’s initial public offering (IPO), it principally financed its operations through working capital cash advances from PAVmed Inc. and the periodic payment of certain operating expenses by PAVmed Inc. on-behalf-of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. (the “PAVmed Inc. OBO Payments”). Additionally, the daily operations of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. are managed by personnel employed by PAVmed Inc., for which the Company incurs expense according to the provisions of a Management Services Agreement (the “MSA”) between the Company and PAVmed Inc (the “MSA Fee”). See Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for further information regarding the MSA.

Note 7 — Acquisitions

Asset Purchase Agreement - ResearchDx Inc.

On February 25, 2022, LucidDx Labs, Inc., entered into an asset purchase agreement (“APA”) with ResearchDx, Inc. (“RDx”), an unrelated third-party - “RDx APA”. Under the RDx APA, LucidDx Labs Inc. acquired certain assets from RDx to be combined with LucidDx Labs Inc. purchased and leased property and equipment to establish a Company-owned CLIA certified, CAP accredited commercial clinical laboratory capable of performing the EsoGuard® Esophageal DNA assay, inclusive of DNA extraction, next generation sequencing (“NGS”) and specimen storage. Prior to consummation of the RDx APA, RDx provided such laboratory services at its owned CLIA-certified, CAP-accredited laboratory.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company’s preliminary analysis is the RDx APA transaction is a business combination, resulting in the recognition and measurement of a preliminary purchase consideration in accordance with the valuation methodology described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards Updates.

Under the terms of the RDx APA, LucidDx Labs Inc. will pay RDx an aggregate purchase price of up to $6.2 million for the acquired assets. The total of $6.2 million is comprised of non-contingent purchase consideration of $1.0 million (included in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of March 31, 2022), and contingent purchase consideration of a total of $5.2 million face value, with such contingent purchase consideration having a preliminary $4,714 initial estimated fair value as of the transaction date. The preliminary $5,714 purchase consideration (inclusive of both the non-contingent and contingent purchase consideration discussed above) is unallocated as of March 31, 2022, and as such is included in intangible assets in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet. The preliminary estimated fair value of the contingent purchase price consideration and the identification and estimated fair value of acquired assets are subject-to further revision.

Concurrent with the RDx APA, LucidDx Labs Inc. and RDx also entered into a management services agreement (“RDx MSA”), with a term of three years, and a total of approximately $1.8 million payable in equal quarterly payments.

Pro Forma Information.

The RDx APA transaction impact for purposes of pro forma financial statement disclosures would have primarily impacted the Company’s EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement with RDx, summarized as follows:

 Schedule of Business Acquisition Pro Forma Information

Note 8 — Prepaid Expenses, Deposits, and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following as of:

 Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Note 9 — Leases

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information related to the Company’s cash and non-cash activities with its leases are as follows:

 Schedule of Cash Flow Supplemental Information

As of March 31, 2022, the Company’s right-of-use assets from operating leases are $2,224, which are reporting in right-of-use assets - operating leases in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has outstanding operating lease obligations of $2,224, of which $769 is reported in operating lease liabilities, current portion and $1,455 is reporting in operating lease liabilities less current portion in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company did not have operating leases as of December 31, 2021. The Company calculates its incremental borrowing rates for specific lease terms, used to discount future lease payments, as a function of the financing terms the Company would likely receive on the open market.

Note 10 — Financial Instruments Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy table for the reporting dates noted is as follows:

 Schedule of Fair value Measurement on Recurring Basis

Fair value measurements of contingent consideration

The Company recorded $4.9 million, which is the fair value, of contingent consideration related to the RDx acquisition. The Company is required to make contingent consideration payments of up to $5.2 million related to the RDx APA agreement. The contingent agreement is based on achieving milestones to obtain certain certifications and licensing rights. The Company estimated the fair value on a probability based model that assessed achievement of such milestones. The model used present value factors, that applied probability ranges of 94-99%, a discount rate of 7.875% and achievement times ranging from one month to six months to achieve the respective milestones.

The final settlement of contingent consideration liabilities for the acquisition could vary from current estimates based on the actual results of the financial measures described above. This liability is considered to be a Level 3 financial liability that is re-measured each reporting period. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for these acquisitions is included in other income (expense), net.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

 Schedule of Reconciliation of Liability Measured at Fair Value Recurring Basis Using Unobservable Inputs

As of December 31, 2021 there were no fair value measurements.

Note 11 — Stock-Based Compensation

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan

The Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan (“Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan”) is separate and apart from the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan discussed below. The Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan is designed to enable Lucid Diagnostics Inc. to offer employees, officers, directors, and consultants, as defined, an opportunity to acquire shares of common stock of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. The types of awards that may be granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan include stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and other stock-based awards subject to limitations under applicable law. All awards are subject to approval by the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. board of directors.

A total of 5,644,000 shares of common stock of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. are reserved for issuance under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan, with 733,541 shares available for grant as of March 31, 2022. The share reservation is not diminished by a total of 473,300 Lucid Diagnostics Inc. stock options and restricted stock awards granted outside the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan, as of March 31, 2022.

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan - Stock Options

Stock options issued and outstanding under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan and including Lucid Diagnostics stock options granted outside the plan is as follows:

 Schedule of Stock Options Issued and Outstanding Activities

See Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for a summary of the stock-based compensation expense recognized with respect to the stock options granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan to the Physician Inventors.

Note 11 — Stock-Based Compensation - continued

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan – Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of restricted stock award activity is as follows:

 Schedule of Restricted Stock Award Activity

On January 7, 2022, 320,000 restricted stock awards were granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc 2018 Equity Plan, with such restricted stock awards having a single vesting date on January 7, 2025, and an aggregate grant date fair value of approximately $1.4 million, measured as the grant date closing price of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. common stock, with such aggregate estimated fair value recognized as stock-based compensation expense ratably on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which is commensurate with the service period. The restricted stock awards are subject to forfeiture if the requisite service period is not completed.

PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan

The PAVmed Inc. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Equity Plan (the “PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan”), is separate and apart from the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan (as such equity plan is discussed above).

The three Physician Inventors were each granted 25,000 stock options under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, with a grant date of May 12, 2018, an exercise price of $1.59 per share of common stock of PAVmed Inc., vesting ratably on a quarterly basis commencing June 30, 2018 and ending March 31, 2021, and a contractual period of ten years from the date of grant. Additionally, the three Physician Inventors were each granted 50,000 stock options under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, with a grant date of June 21, 2021, an exercise price of $6.41 per share of common stock of PAVmed Inc., vesting ratably on a quarterly basis commencing June 30, 2021 and ending March 31, 2024, and a contractual period of ten years from the date of grant. See Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for a summary of the stock-based compensation expense recognized with respect to the stock options granted under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan to the Physician Inventors.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The stock-based compensation expense recognized by the Company for both the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan and the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, for the periods indicated, was as follows:

 Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The stock-based compensation expense, as presented above, is inclusive of: stock options and restricted stock awards granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan to employees of PAVmed Inc., the Physician Inventors (as discussed above), and members of the board of directors of Lucid Diagnostics Inc., as well as the stock options granted under the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan to the Physician Inventors (as discussed above).

Note 11 — Stock-Based Compensation - continued

As of March 31, 2022, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense and weighted average remaining requisite service period with respect to stock options and restricted stock awards issued under each of the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan and the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan, as discussed above, is as follows:

 Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Expense and Weighted Average Remaining Service Period

Stock-based compensation expense recognized with respect to stock options granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan was based on a weighted average estimated fair value of such stock options of $2.95 per share during the year ended March 31, 2022. There were no stock-based awards granted under the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan during the period ended March 31, 2021. The stock-based compensation was calculated using the following weighted average Black-Scholes valuation model assumptions:

 Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Valuation Assumptions

Lucid Diagnostics, Inc Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)

The Lucid Diagnostics Inc Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“Lucid Diagnostics Inc ESPP”), initial six-month stock purchase period is April 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022. The Lucid Diagnostics Inc. ESPP has a total reservation of 500,000 shares of common stock for which all shares are available-for-issue as of March 31, 2022.

Note 12 — Stockholders’ Equity

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. Common Stock

There were 35,171,796 and 34,917,907 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. As of March 31, 2022, PAVmed Inc. holds 27,927,190 shares, representing a majority-interest equity ownership and has a controlling financial interest in Lucid Diagnostics Inc.

Committed Equity Facility - March 28, 2022

On March 28, 2022, Lucid Diagnostics, Inc. entered into a committed equity facility with an affiliate of Cantor Fitzgerald (“Cantor”). Under the terms of the committed equity facility, Cantor has committed to purchase up to $50 million of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. common stock from time to time at the request of the Company. While there are distinct differences, the facility is structured similarly to a traditional at-the-market equity facility, insofar as it allows the Company to raise primary equity capital on a periodic basis at prices based on the existing market price.

In connection with the execution of the agreement for the committed equity facility, the Company agreed to pay Cantor $1.0 million as consideration for its irrevocable commitment to purchase the shares upon the terms and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in such agreement. In addition, pursuant to the agreement, we agreed to reimburse Cantor for certain of its expenses. the Company also entered into a registration rights agreement with Cantor. the Company has the right to terminate the agreement at any time after initial satisfaction of the conditions to Cantor’s obligation to purchase shares under the facility, at no cost or penalty, upon three trading days’ prior written notice.

Note 13 — Net Loss Per Share

The “Net loss per share basic and diluted” for the respective periods indicated - is as follows:

 Schedule of Basic and Fully Diluted Net Loss Per Share

Basic weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 include the shares of the Company issued and outstanding during such periods, each on a weighted average basis. The basic weighted average number of shares common stock outstanding excludes common stock equivalent incremental shares, while diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding includes such incremental shares. However, as the Company was in a loss position for all periods presented, basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding are the same, as the inclusion of the incremental shares would be anti-dilutive. The common stock equivalents excluded from the computation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding are as follows:

Schedule of Anti-dilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Diluted Earnings Per Share

The total of stock options and unvested restricted stock awards presented in the table above, are inclusive of 423,300 stock options as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, and 50,000 restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2022, granted outside the Lucid Diagnostics Inc. 2018 Equity Plan. 

Note 14 — Subsequent Events

CapNostics, LLC

On October 5, 2021, PAVmed Subsidiary Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc., acquired all of the outstanding common stock of CapNostics, LLC (“CapNostics”) for total (gross) purchase consideration of approximately $2.1 million of cash, paid at the closing of the transaction. In April 2022, following the approval from both the PAVmed and Lucid board of directors, the respective companies entered into an agreement to transfer the CapNostics, LLC assets from PAVmed to Lucid as well as transferring the consulting agreement with the previous principal owner of CapNostics, LLC. The transfer price is $2.1 million for the assets.

EsoCure

EsoCure has been in development as an Esophageal Ablation Device by PAVmed, with the intent to allow a clinician to treat dysplastic BE before it can progress to EAC, a highly lethal esophageal cancer, and to do so without the need for complex and expensive capital equipment. In April 2022, following the approval from both the PAVmed and Lucid board of directors have the Companies entered into an intercompany license between PAVmed and Lucid such that Lucid will be granted the rights to commercialize EsoCure for the treating dysplastic Barrett’s Esophagus, including a royalty arrangement whereby Lucid will pay PAVmed a 5% royalty on all EsoCure sales up to $100 million per calendar year, and 8% above that threshold. Lucid will obligated to fund ongoing development costs and cumulative patent expenses. EsoCure will become part of an integrated suite of Lucid products addressing BE-EAC.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the “Form 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We are a majority-owned consolidated subsidiary of PAVmed Inc.

Unless the context otherwise requires, references herein to “we”, “us”, and “our”, and to the “Company” or “Lucid Diagnostics” are to Lucid Diagnostics Inc and its subsidiary LucidDx Labs Inc. (“LucidDx Labs”).

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”), including the following discussion and analysis of our (unaudited) condensed consolidated financial condition and results of operations, contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Company’s actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A of Part I of the Form 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors.”

Important factors that may affect our actual results include:

In addition, our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future financings, acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.

We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, and /or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. You should read this Form 10-Q and the Form 10-K, and the documents we have filed as exhibits to this Form 10-Q and the Form 10-K, completely and with the understanding our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

Overview

We are a commercial-stage, cancer prevention, medical diagnostics technology company focused on the millions of patients with long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (“GERD”) who are at risk of developing esophageal precancer and cancer, specifically highly lethal esophageal adenocarcinoma (“EAC”), which is expected to lead to approximately 16,000 U.S. deaths in 2021.

We believe that our lead products, the EsoGuard Esophageal DNA Test performed on samples collected with the EsoCheck Esophageal Cell Collection Device, constitute the first and only commercially available diagnostic test capable of serving as a widespread screening tool to prevent EAC deaths, through early detection of esophageal precancer in at-risk GERD patients.

EsoGuard is commercialized in the U.S. as a laboratory developed test (“LDT”). It was previously performed by our unrelated third-party commercial clinical laboratory service partner ResearchDx Inc. (with a d/b/a “Pacific Dx”) (“RDx”), at their Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (“CLIA”) certified commercial clinical laboratory, located in Irvine, CA. Beginning in March 2022, the EsoGuard LDT has been performed at our own CLIA-certified commercial clinical laboratory, located in Lake Forest, CA. Additionally, RDx also manufactures our EsoGuard Specimen Kits. EsoCheck is commercialized in the U.S. as a 510(k) cleared esophageal cell collection device currently manufactured for us by our contract manufacturing partner, Sage Product Development Inc., located in Foxborough, MA. We are in the process of transferring EsoCheck manufacturing to Coastline International Inc., a high-volume manufacturer headquartered in San Diego, CA with plants in Mexico. Both EsoGuard and EsoCheck have completed the CE Mark certification process. While EsoGuard and EsoCheck may be marketed separately, they are not presently approved for marketing together as an in vitro diagnostic device (“IVD”). EsoGuard, used with EsoCheck as an IVD, was granted FDA Breakthrough Device designation and is the subject of two large, actively enrolling, international multicenter PMA clinical trials.

The EsoGuard PLA code 0114U secured final Medicare payment determination of $1,938.01, effective January 1, 2021. The CLIA certified laboratory where the EsoGuard assay is performed has begun to submit claims and receive out-of-network private insurance payments. We are awaiting Medicare local coverage determination. We are also aggressively pursuing EsoGuard U.S. private payor payment and coverage as well as payment in Europe.

We are working to expand EsoGuard commercialization across multiple channels by building a direct sales and marketing team targeting primary care physicians, specialists, institutions and consumers. To assure sufficient testing capacity and geographic coverage, as part of this expansion, we are building our own network of Lucid Test Centers, staffed by Lucid-employed clinical personnel, where patients can undergo the EsoCheck procedure and have the sample sent for EsoGuard testing, starting with three test centers launched in the Phoenix metropolitan area and have recently expanded our test centers into Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Washington, Oregon and Idaho. We’ve also established an EsoGuard Telemedicine Program, in partnership with UpScript, LLC, an independent third-party telemedicine provider, that can accommodate EsoGuard self-referrals from direct-to-consumer marketing.

We are a majority owned subsidiary of PAVmed. We are party to an amended and restated patent license agreement with CWRU, dated August 23, 2021 (“Amended CWRU License Agreement”), which provides for the exclusive worldwide license of the intellectual property rights for the proprietary technologies underlying EsoCheck and EsoGuard.

Recent Developments

Business

Clinical Guideline Update - ACG

In April 2022, the American College of Gastroenterology (“ACG”) updated its clinical guideline to support esophageal precancer (“Barrett’s Esophagus”, “BE”) screening to prevent highly lethal esophageal cancer (“EAC”) utilizing our EsoGuard® DNA Test on samples collected with our EsoCheck® Cell Collection Device. The clinical guideline reiterates the ACG’s long-standing recommendation for esophageal precancer screening in at-risk patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (“GERD”), commonly known as chronic heartburn, acid reflux or simply reflux. In its Recommendation 5, the ACG suggests a single screening endoscopy in patients with chronic GERD symptoms and 3 or more additional risk factors for BE, including male sex, age >50 yr, White race, tobacco smoking, obesity, and family history of BE or EAC in a first-degree relative. Furthermore, and importantly for the first time, the clinical guideline also endorses nonendoscopic biomarker screening as an acceptable alternative to costly and invasive endoscopy by stating in its Recommendation 6 that the ACG suggests that a swallowable, nonendoscopic capsule device combined with a biomarker is an acceptable alternative to endoscopy for screening for BE. The clinical guideline specifically mentions EsoCheck, along with Lucid’s EsophaCap® device, as such swallowable, nonendoscopic esophageal cell collection devices, as well as methylated DNA biomarkers such as EsoGuard. The summary of evidence for this recommendation cites the seminal NIH-funded multicenter, case-control study published in 2018 in Science Translational Medicine, which demonstrated that EsoGuard is highly accurate at detecting esophageal precancer and cancer, including on samples collected with EsoCheck.

Local Coverage Determination Update - CMS

In April 2022, a proposed Local Coverage Determination (“LCD”) DL39256, entitled “Molecular Testing for Detection of Upper Gastrointestinal Metaplasia, Dysplasia, and Neoplasia” was published on the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) website by MAC Palmetto GBA. The proposed LCD is a further step in Lucid’s efforts to secure Medicare coverage and payment for EsoGuard.

The proposed LCD, which the CMS website explicitly characterizes as a “work in progress” for “public review,” outlines criteria that MolDX expects upper gastrointestinal precancer and cancer molecular diagnostic tests to meet. These criteria include active GERD with at least two risk factors, as well as evidence of analytic validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility. Although it found that no currently existing test has fulfilled all these criteria, it indicated that it will “monitor the evidence and will provide coverage based on the pertinent literature and society recommendations.” Notably, the proposed LCD pre-dated, and therefore does not include consideration of, the most recent ACG clinical guideline update endorsing swallowable, nonendoscopic capsule devices combined with a biomarker, such as EsoCheck and EsoGuard. The publication of the proposed LCD included a written comment period that extended through May 14, 2022. MolDX held an open meeting on May 10, 2022, during which stakeholders and other interested parties had the opportunity to address the proposed LCD.

We have used the written comment process and the open meeting to bring to MolDX essential information that was not incorporated into the proposed LCD. These include: the updated ACG clinical guideline; the fact that EsoGuard’s published performance is at or above accepted performance criteria for detection of lower gastrointestinal cancers in approved and currently effective Medicare coverage determinations; and data from ongoing clinical utility studies Lucid and clinical investigators are performing. A final LCD will not be issued until the MAC has had the opportunity to assess and consider the comments and input from the written comment period and the open meeting.

MediNcrease Health Plans

In May 2022 LucidDx Labs, Inc. entered into a participating provider agreement with MediNcrease Health Plans, LLC (“MediNcrease”). A national directly-contracted, multi-specialty PPO provider network with over 8 million lives covered through its clients and payers, which include regional and national health plans, insurance companies, third party administrators, self-insured employer groups, municipalities, unions and other entities involved in the management of medical claims. Pursuant to the agreement, persons covered by MediNcrease clients and payers will have in-network access to Lucid’s EsoGuard® DNA test, the first and only commercially available test capable of serving as a widespread tool to prevent esophageal cancer deaths through the early detection of esophageal precancer in at-risk chronic heartburn patients. The agreement provides rates of reimbursement as a percent of charges for services rendered to such covered persons by LucidDx Labs, including the performance of the EsoGuard test.

Recent Developments - continued

Business - continued

CLIA Lab Acquisition

In February 2022, Lucid Diagnostics, Inc. through its wholly owned subsidiary LucidDx Labs, Inc. entered into an asset purchase agreement (“APA”) with ResearchDx, Inc. (“RDx”) Under the APA, LucidDx Labs acquired certain licenses and other related assets necessary to operate a CLIA-certified, CAP-accredited clinical laboratory. The acquired assets, together with certain additional assets necessary to commence laboratory operations that were separately purchased by LucidDx Labs, will be used by Lucid to perform the EsoGuard® Esophageal DNA assay.

EsoCure Intercompany License

In April 2022, we entered into an intercompany license between PAVmed and Lucid such that Lucid has been granted the rights to commercialize EsoCure for treating dysplastic Barrett’s Esophagus, including a royalty arrangement whereby Lucid will pay PAVmed will be obligated to fund ongoing development costs and cumulative patent expenses. EsoCure will become part of an integrated suite of Lucid products addressing BE-EAC. EsoCure is in development as an “Esophageal Ablation Device” with the intent to allow a clinician to treat dysplastic BE before it can progress to EAC, a highly lethal esophageal cancer, and to do so without the need for complex and expensive capital equipment. We have successfully completed a pre-clinical feasibility animal study of EsoCure demonstrating excellent, controlled circumferential ablation of the esophageal mucosal lining. We plan to conduct additional development work and animal testing of EsoCure to support a planned FDA 510(k) submission in the second half of 2022.

EsophaCap Intercompany Assignment

In April 2022, following the approval from both the PAVmed and Lucid board of directors, the respective companies entered into an agreement to transfer the CapNostics, LLC assets from PAVmed to Lucid as well as transferring the consulting agreement with the previous principal owner of CapNostics, LLC. The transfer price is $2.1 million for the assets. On October 5, 2021, PAVmed Subsidiary Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of PAVmed Inc., acquired all of the outstanding common stock of CapNostics, LLC (“CapNostics”) for a total (gross) purchase consideration of approximately $2.1 million of cash, paid at the closing of the transaction.

Financing

In March 2022, Lucid Diagnostics, Inc. entered into a committed equity facility with an affiliate of Cantor Fitzgerald (“Cantor”). Under the terms of the facility, Cantor has committed to purchase up to $50 million of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. common stock from time to time at the request of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. While there are distinct differences, the facility is structured similarly to a traditional at-the-market equity facility, insofar as it allows Lucid Diagnostics Inc. to raise primary capital on a periodic basis at prices based on the existing market price.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 - COVID-19 Pandemic

Previously, in December 2019, there was an outbreak of a novel strain of a coronavirus occurred, with such coronavirus designated by the United Nations World Health Organization (“WHO”) as the “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2” - or “SARS-CoV-2”. The SARS-CoV-2 spread on a global basis to other countries, including the United States. On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared a pandemic resulting from SARS-CoV-2, with such pandemic commonly referred to by its resulting illness of coronavirus disease 2019, or “COVID-19”. The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, and we continue to monitor the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States national economy, the global economy, and our business.

The COVID-19 pandemic may have an adverse impact on our operations, supply chains, and distribution systems and /or those of our contractors, and increase our expenses, including as a result of impacts associated with preventive and precautionary measures being taken, restrictions on travel, quarantine polices, and social distancing. Such adverse impact may include, for example, the inability of our employees and /or those of our contractors to perform their work or curtail their services provided to us.

We expect the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the extent of its effect on our consolidated financial condition and consolidated operational results and cash flows, to be dictated by the success of United States and global efforts to mitigate the spread of and /or to contain the SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of such efforts.

In addition, the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 has disrupted the United States’ healthcare and healthcare regulatory systems which could divert healthcare resources away from, or materially delay United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval with respect to our products.

Furthermore, our clinical trials have been and may be further affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, as site initiation and patient enrollment may be delayed, for example, due to prioritization of hospital resources toward the virus and /or illness response, as well as travel restrictions imposed by governments, and the inability to access clinical test sites for initiation and monitoring.

The COVID-19 pandemic may have an adverse impact on the economies and financial markets of many countries, including the USA, resulting in an economic downturn that could adversely affect demand for our products and services and /or our product candidates.

Although we are continuing to monitor and assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (or a similar health epidemic) is highly uncertain and subject to change, and therefore, its impact on our consolidated financial condition, consolidated results of operations, and /or consolidated cash flows, the adverse impact could be material.

Results of Operations

Overview

Revenue

Revenue was recognized with respect to the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, dated August 1, 2021, between the Company’s majority-owned subsidiary, Lucid Diagnostics Inc., and ResearchDX Inc. (“RDx”), a CLIA certified commercial laboratory service provider. On February 25, 2022, the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement was terminated upon the execution of an Asset Purchase Agreement between LucidDx Labs Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lucid Diagnostics Inc. and RDx.

Cost of revenue

The cost of revenue recognized with respect to the revenue recognized under the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement is inclusive of: a royalty fee incurred under the Amended CWRU License Agreement; the MSA Fee (as defined and discussed herein below) allocated to cost of revenue, which is principally employee related costs of PAVmed employees engaged in the administration to patients of the EsoCheck cell sample collection procedure (principally at the LUCID Test Centers); the EsoCheck devices and EsoGuard mailers (cell sample shipping costs) distributed to medical practitioners locations and the LUCID Test Centers; and LUCID Test Centers operating expenses, including rent expense and supplies.

Sales and marketing expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of the portion of the MSA Fee allocated to sales and marketing expenses, which are principally employee related costs of PAVmed employees, as well as advertising and promotion expenses. We anticipate our sales and marketing expenses will increase in the future, as we anticipate an increase in payroll and related expenses related to the roll-out of our commercial sales and marketing operations as we execute on our business strategy.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional fees, accounting and legal services, consultants and expenses associated with obtaining and maintaining patents within our intellectual property portfolio, along with the portion of the MSA Fee allocated to general and administrative expenses.

We anticipate our general and administrative expenses will increase in the future, as we anticipate an increase in the MSA Fee allocated to general and administrative expense, related to continued expansion of our overall business operations. We also anticipate expenses related to being a public company, including professional services fees for legal, accounting, tax, audit, employees involved in third-party payor reimbursement contract negotiations and regulatory services associated with maintaining compliance as a public company, along with insurance premiums, investor relations, and other corporate expenses.

Results of Operations - continued

Overview - continued

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses are recognized in the period they are incurred and consist principally of internal and external expenses incurred for the development of our technologies and conducting clinical trials, including:

We plan to incur research and development expenses for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of our existing products as well as new innovations. Our research and development activities are focused principally on obtaining FDA approvals and developing product improvements or extending the utility of the lead products in our pipeline, including EsoCheck and EsoGuard.

Presentation of Dollar Amounts

All dollar amounts in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are presented in thousands of dollars, if not otherwise indicated as being presented as dollars in millions, except for the number of shares and per share amounts.

Three Months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to three months ended March 31, 2021

Revenue

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, revenue was $0.2 million as compared to no revenue in the corresponding period in the prior year. The $0.2 million increase principally relates to our EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement, dated August 1, 2021, which resulted in revenue recognition of $0.1 million per month beginning August 2021 - through the February 25, 2022 termination date of such agreement.

Cost of revenue

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, cost of revenue was approximately $0.4 million, compared to no cost of revenue in the corresponding period in the prior year. The $0.4 million increase principally relates to costs associated with the EsoGuard Commercialization Agreement noted above.

Sales and marketing expenses

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, sales and marketing costs were approximately $3.3 million, compared to $0.7 million for the corresponding period in the prior year. The net increase of $2.6 million was principally related to:

General and administrative expenses

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, general and administrative costs were approximately $5.7 million, compared to $1.2 million for the corresponding period in the prior year. The net increase of $4.5 million was principally related to:

Three Months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to three months ended March 31, 2021 - continued

Research and development expenses

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, research and development costs were approximately $2.9 million, compared to $1.8 million for the corresponding period in the prior year. The net increase of $1.1 million was principally related to:

See our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for each of: Note 5, Related Party Transactions, for a discussion of the consulting fee expense and stock based compensation expense recognized with respect to the Physician Inventors consulting agreements and stock options and restricted stock awards; and the MSA between Lucid Diagnostics and PAVmed; and Note 11, Stock-Based Compensation, for information regarding each of the Lucid Diagnostics 2018 Equity Plan and the PAVmed Inc. 2014 Equity Plan.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our operations principally through advances from PAVmed and through the issuance of common stock in our initial public offering (“IPO”). We are subject to all of the risks and uncertainties typically faced by medical device and diagnostic companies that devote substantially all of their efforts to the commercialization of their initial product and services and ongoing R&D activities and clinical trials. We expect to continue to experience recurring losses from operations, and will continue to fund our operations with debt and/or equity financing transactions. Notwithstanding, however, with the cash on-hand as of March 31, 2022, we expect to be able to fund our future operations for one year from the date of the issue of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as included herein in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2022.

Due To: PAVmed Inc.

Since our inception in May 2018 through our IPO in October 2021, our operations were been funded by PAVmed providing working capital cash advances and the payment by PAVmed of certain operating expenses on-our-behalf. Additionally, our daily operations have been and continue to be principally managed by personnel employed by PAVmed, for which we incur a MSA Fee expense according to the provisions of the MSA discussed above.

As of March 31, 2022, we had a Due To: PAVmed Inc. payment obligation liability of an aggregate of approximately $1.8 million payable to reimburse for employee related costs and certain operating expenses paid by PAVmed Inc. on our behalf. See our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements Note 6, Due To PAVmed Inc.

Lucid Diagnostics Inc. Committed Equity Facility

In March 2022, we entered into a committed equity facility with an affiliate of Cantor Fitzgerald (“Cantor”). Under the terms of the facility, Cantor has committed to purchase up to $50 million in our shares of our common stock from time to time at our request. While there are distinct differences, the facility is structured similarly to a traditional at-the-market equity facility, insofar as it allows the Company to raise primary equity capital on a periodic basis at prices based on the existing market price.

Upon the initial satisfaction of the conditions to Cantor’s obligation to purchase shares under the facility, including that a registration statement registering the resale by Cantor of the Shares under the Securities Act is declared effective by the SEC and a final prospectus relating thereto is filed with the SEC, we will have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at our sole discretion until the first day of the month next following the expiration of the 36-month period after the effective date of the registration statement, to direct Cantor to purchase shares in accordance with the terms of the facility, by delivering written notice to Cantor prior to the commencement of trading on any trading day, subject to certain maximum amounts. The purchase price of the shares will be 96% of the volume weighted average price of the shares of common stock during the trading date on which we have timely delivered written notice to Cantor directing it to purchase shares under the facility.

We will not sell, and Cantor will not purchase, any shares pursuant to the facility, if the aggregate number of shares of common stock issued pursuant to the facility would exceed 7,482,763 shares of common stock, unless we obtain approval of our stockholders for the sale of shares in excess of such amount. In addition, we will not sell, and Cantor will not purchase, any shares pursuant to the facility, which, when aggregated with all other shares of common stock then beneficially owned by Cantor and its affiliates, would result in the beneficial ownership by Cantor and its affiliates of more than 4.99% of our outstanding voting power or shares of common stock.

In connection with the execution of the agreement for the facility, we agreed to pay Cantor $1.0 million as consideration for its irrevocable commitment to purchase the shares upon the terms and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in such agreement. In addition, pursuant to the agreement, e agreed to reimburse Cantor for certain of its expenses. We also entered into a registration rights agreement with Cantor. We have the right to terminate the agreement at any time after initial satisfaction of the conditions to Cantor’s obligation to purchase shares under the facility, at no cost or penalty, upon three trading days’ prior written notice.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our (unaudited) financial condition and consolidated results of operations is based on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and equity, along with the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the corresponding periods. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Please see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Standards Updates, of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein in this Form 10-Q, for a summary of significant accounting policies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2022. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of such date to provide reasonable assurance the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes to Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internals control over financial reporting.

Part II - Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of our business, particularly as it begins commercialization of its products, the Company may be subject to certain other legal actions and claims, including product liability, consumer, commercial, tax and governmental matters, which may arise from time to time. Except as otherwise noted herein, the Company does not believe it is currently a party to any other pending legal proceedings. Notwithstanding, legal proceedings are subject-to inherent uncertainties, and an unfavorable outcome could include monetary damages, and excessive verdicts can result from litigation, and as such, could result in a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations, and /or cash flows. Additionally, although the Company has specific insurance for certain potential risks, the Company may in the future incur judgments or enter into settlements of claims which may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations, and /or cash flows.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth in the “Exhibit Index” below.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

EXHIBIT INDEX

* Filed herewith.

‡ Certain exhibits and schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. The registrant hereby undertakes to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule upon request by the Securities and Exchange Commission.