M/I HOMES, INC. - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the
transition period from
______ to ______
Commission
File No. 1-12434
M/I
HOMES, INC.
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(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its
charter)
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Ohio
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31-1210837
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|||
(State
or other jurisdiction
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(I.R.S.
Employer
|
|||
of
incorporation or organization)
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Identification
No.)
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3
Easton Oval, Suite 500, Columbus, Ohio 43219
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(Address
of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s
telephone number, including area code: (614)
418-8000
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Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name
of each exchange on
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Title
of each class
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which
registered
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Common
Shares, par value $.01
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New
York Stock Exchange
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Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
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(Title
of Class)
|
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes
|
No
|
X
|
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes
|
No
|
X
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days.
Yes |
X
|
No
|
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ ]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting
company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated
filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act. (Check one):
Large
accelerated filer
|
Accelerated
filer
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X
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||
Non-accelerated
filer
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Smaller
reporting company
|
|||
(Do
not check if a smaller reporting company)
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act).
Yes
|
No
|
X
|
As of
June 30, 2007, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed
second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of voting common shares held
by non-affiliates of the registrant (13,279,627 shares) was approximately
$353,238,000. The number of common shares of the registrant
outstanding on February 22, 2008 was 14,004,890.
DOCUMENT
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
2
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
PAGE
NUMBER
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Part
I
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Item
1. Business
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4
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Item
1A. Risk Factors
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11
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Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
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16
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Item
2. Properties
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16
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Item
3. Legal
Proceedings
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16
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Item
4. Submission of Matters to a
Vote of Security Holders
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16
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Part
II
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Item
5. Market for Registrant’s Common
Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and
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17
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Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
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Item
6. Selected Financial
Data
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19
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Item
7. Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
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20
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of
Operations
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Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk
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40
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Item
8. Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data
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42
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Item
9. Changes in and Disagreements
With Accountants on Accounting and
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73
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Financial
Disclosure
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Item
9A. Controls and Procedures
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73
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Item
9B. Other Information
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73
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Part
III
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Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers and
Corporate Governance
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75
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Item
11. Executive Compensation
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75
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Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management and
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Related
Shareholder Matters
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75
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Item
13. Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions, and Director Independence
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77
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Item
14. Principal Accounting Fees and
Services
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75
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Part
IV
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Item
15. Exhibits and Financial Statement
Schedules
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76
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Signatures
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81
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3
ITEM
1. BUSINESS
Company
M/I
Homes, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company” or “we”) is one of the nation’s
leading builders of single-family homes. The Company was
incorporated, through predecessor entities, in 1973 and commenced homebuilding
activities in 1976. Since that time, the Company has sold and
delivered over 71,000 homes. We sell and construct single-family
homes, attached townhomes and condominiums to first-time, move-up, empty-nester
and luxury buyers under the M/I Homes and Showcase Homes trade
names. In 2007, our average sales price of homes delivered was
$296,000 compared to $308,000 in 2006. During the year ended December
31, 2007, we delivered 3,173 homes with revenues from continuing operations of
$1.0 billion and a net loss from continuing operations of $92.5
million. At December 31, 2007, we had 712 homes in backlog with a
sales value of approximately $220 million compared to 1,433 homes with a sales
value of $484 million at December 31, 2006.
Our homes
are sold in the following geographic markets - Columbus and Cincinnati, Ohio;
Tampa and Orlando, Florida; Charlotte and Raleigh, North Carolina; Indianapolis,
Indiana; and the Virginia and Maryland suburbs of Washington, D.C. In
late 2007, we announced our intention to exit our West Palm Beach, Florida
market. Hence, the results of operation and financial position of
this decision have been reported as discontinued operation. For
additional information on this discontinued operation, please refer to Note 2,
“Discontinued Operation” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements. In 2007, we also announced our decision to enter the
Chicago market and plan to commence active homebuilding operations there in
2008. We are the leading homebuilder in the Columbus, Ohio market,
and have been the number one builder of single-family detached homes in this
market for each of the last nineteen years. In addition, we are one
of the top ten homebuilders in the Indianapolis, Cincinnati and Tampa markets,
based on homes delivered. Our current operating strategy is focused
on the following key initiatives:
·
|
Emphasizing
our product, customer service and premier locations;
|
·
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Improving
affordability through design and other cost reduction
efforts;
|
·
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Decreasing
our expenses to reflect current business conditions;
and
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·
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Reducing
our land and lot inventory by curtailing our land purchases, phasing
and/or delaying land development, and selectively pursuing the sale of
certain owned land.
|
We
believe that we distinguish ourselves from competitors by offering homes in
select areas with a high level of design and construction quality within a given
price range, and by providing customers with the confidence they can only get
from superior customer service. Offering homes at a variety of price
points allows us to attract a wide range of buyers. We support our
homebuilding operations by providing mortgage financing services through our
wholly-owned subsidiary, M/I Financial Corp. (“M/I Financial”), and title and
insurance brokerage services through subsidiaries that are either wholly- or
majority-owned by the Company.
Our
financial reporting segments consist of the following: Midwest homebuilding;
Florida homebuilding; Mid-Atlantic homebuilding; and financial
services. Our homebuilding operations comprise the most substantial
part of our business, representing more than 98% of consolidated revenue during
each of the past three years. Our homebuilding operations generate
over 94% of their revenue from the sale of completed homes, with the remaining
amount generated from the sale of land and lots. Our financial
services operations generate revenue from originating and selling mortgages,
collecting fees for title insurance and closing services, and collecting
commissions as a broker of property and casualty insurance
policies. Financial information, including revenue, operating income
and identifiable assets for each of our reporting segments, is included in Note
21, “Business Segments” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Our
business strategy emphasizes the following:
Superior
homeowner service. Our core operating philosophy is to provide
superior service to our homeowners. We attempt to involve the
homeowner in many phases of the building process in order to enhance
communication, knowledge and involvement of the homeowner. Our
selling process focuses on the homes’ features, benefits, quality and design, as
opposed to merely price and square footage. In most of our markets,
we utilize design centers to better promote the sale of options and enable
buyers to make more informed choices. This enhances the selling
process and increases the sale of optional features that typically carry higher
margins. We believe all of this leads to a more satisfied
homeowner.
4
Product diversity
and innovative design. We devote significant resources to the
research and design of our homes to meet the needs of our buyers. We
offer a number of distinct product lines and approximately 600 different floor
plans, with some of those floor plans being built in multiple
elevations. We also offer a high level of design and construction
quality within each of our price ranges.
Build confidence
in all areas of our company. Our unique designs, superior
quality and craftsmanship, premier customer service and customer-focused
financing options are all designed to build superior customer confidence in both
our product and our company.
Premier locations
and highly desirable communities. As a key strategic element
of our business, we focus on locating and controlling land in the most desirable
areas of our markets. We also focus on the overall design and
appearance of our communities. Through our community planning and
design process, we create well-planned communities with careful attention to a
wide variety of aesthetic elements. We focus on the location and
design of our communities because we believe these are important factors our
homebuyers consider when making a decision to purchase a new home.
Profitability. We focus on
profitability while maintaining the high quality of our homes and customer
service. We focus on margins by carefully managing the selling
process in order to emphasize the features, benefits, quality and design of our
homes. In addition, profitability is enhanced by managing expenses and
minimizing speculative building. We are also focused on reducing our
overhead costs by right-sizing our operations, along with continuing to reduce
our construction costs by working with our vendors and subcontractors to
continue to provide attractive features while minimizing raw material and
construction costs. We also focus on profitability through our land
strategies which presently call for reducing our investment in land and lot
inventory to levels more closely matched with our projected future sales
absorption levels.
Maintain market
position in existing markets. Though most of our markets have
experienced a slowdown in new homebuilding construction as a result of various
economic factors, we believe in their long term prospects for growth and
successful homebuilding operations. In late 2007, we announced our
decision to exit the West Palm Beach, Florida market due to that market’s
challenges and unpredictable revenue production.
Sales
and Marketing
Throughout
our markets, we market and sell our homes exclusively under the M/I Homes trade
name, except in Columbus, where a limited number of our homes are also marketed
under the Showcase Homes trade name. Company-employed sales personnel
conduct home sales from on-site offices within our furnished model
homes. Each sales consultant is trained and prepared to meet the
buyer’s expectations and build their confidence by fully explaining the features
and benefits of our homes, helping each buyer determine which home best
suits their needs, explaining the construction process, and assisting the buyer
in choosing the best financing. Significant attention is given to the
ongoing training of all sales personnel to assure the highest level of
professionalism and product knowledge. As of December 31, 2007, we
employed 122 sales consultants and operated 171 model homes.
We
advertise using newspapers, magazines, direct mail, billboards, radio and
television. The particular marketing mediums used differ from market
to market based on area demographics and other competitive
factors. We have also significantly increased our advertising on the
internet through expansion of our website at mihomes.com and through a third
party’s website. Our messaging across all of these mediums,
promotional or otherwise, are unified, highly synergistic and designed to build
strong equity in the M/I Homes brand. In addition, we encourage independent
broker participation and, from time to time, utilize promotions and incentives
to attract interest from these brokers. Our commitment to quality
design and construction, along with our reputation for superior service, has
resulted in a strong referral base and numerous repeat buyers.
To
further enhance the selling process, we operate design centers in most of our
Midwest and Florida markets, and recently opened design centers in our Charlotte
and Raleigh markets. These design centers are staffed with interior
design specialists who assist buyers in selecting interior and exterior colors,
standard options and upgrades. In our Washington, D.C. market, this
selection process is handled directly by our sales consultants. From
time to time, we also add to the selling process by offering unique,
below-market fixed rate financing options to our customers through M/I
Financial, which has branches in all of our markets except for
Chicago. M/I Financial originates loans for purchasers of our
homes. The loans are then sold, along with the servicing rights, to
outside mortgage lenders. Title-related services are provided to
purchasers of our homes in the majority of our markets through affiliated
entities. In addition, in 2007, the financial services segment began
collecting commissions as a broker of property and casualty insurance policies
through a majority-owned subsidiary, M/I Insurance Agency, LLC.
5
We
generally do not commence construction of a home until we obtain a sales
contract and preliminary oral advice from the buyer’s lender that financing
should be approved. However, in certain markets, contracts may be
accepted contingent upon the sale of an existing home, and construction may be
authorized through a certain phase prior to satisfaction of that
contingency. In addition, speculative, or “spec,” homes (i.e., homes
started in the absence of an executed contract) may be built to facilitate
delivery of homes on an immediate-need basis and to provide presentation of new
products.
We have
participated in charitable down-payment assistance programs for a small
percentage of our homebuyers. Through these programs, we make a
donation to a non-profit organization that provides financial assistance to a
homebuyer who would not otherwise have sufficient funds for a down
payment.
Design
and Construction
We devote
significant resources to the research, design and development of our homes in
order to distinguish ourselves from other homebuilders and fulfill the needs of
homebuyers in all of our markets. We offer approximately 600
different floor plans that are tailored to meet the requirements of buyers
within each of our markets. We spent $2.5 million, $4.7 million and
$4.4 million in the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively,
for research and development of our homes.
The
construction of each home is supervised by a Personal Construction Supervisor
who reports to a Production Manager, both of whom are employees of the
Company. Buyers are introduced to their Personal Construction
Supervisor prior to commencement of home construction at a pre-construction
“buyer/builder conference.” The purpose of this conference is to
review the home plans and all relevant construction details and to explain the
construction process and schedule. We encourage our buyers to
actively monitor and observe the construction of their home and see the quality
being built into their home. All of this is part of our exclusive
“Confidence Builder Program” which, consistent with our business philosophy, is
designed to “put the buyer first” and enhance the total home-buying
experience.
Homes
generally are constructed according to standardized designs and meet applicable
Federal Housing Authority (“FHA”) and Veterans Administration (“VA”)
requirements. To allow maximum design flexibility, we limit the use
of pre-assembled building components. The efficiency of the building
process is enhanced through the use of standardized materials available from a
variety of sources. We utilize independent subcontractors for the
installation of site improvements and the construction of our
homes. Our on-site construction supervisors manage the development
and construction process. Subcontractor work is performed pursuant to
written agreements. The agreements are generally short-term, with
terms from six to twelve months, and specify a fixed price for labor and
materials. The agreements are structured to provide price protection
for a majority of the higher-cost phases of construction for homes in our
backlog. The construction of our homes typically takes approximately
four to six months from the start of construction to completion of the home,
depending on the size and complexity of the particular home being
built. We did not experience any significant issues with availability
of building materials or skilled labor during 2007. As of December
31, 2007, we had a total of 712 homes with $219.5 million aggregate sales value
in backlog in various stages of completion, including homes that are under
contract but for which construction has not yet begun. As of December
31, 2006, we had a total of 1,433 homes with $483.6 million aggregate sales
value in backlog. Homes included in year-end backlog are typically
included in homes delivered in the subsequent year.
Warranty
We
provide a variety of warranties in connection with our homes and have a program
to perform several inspections on each home that we sell. Immediately
prior to closing and again approximately three months after a home is delivered,
we inspect each home with the buyer. At the homeowner’s request, we
will also provide a one-year drywall inspection. During the third
quarter of 2007, the Company implemented a new limited warranty program (“Home
Builder’s Limited Warranty”) in conjunction with its thirty-year transferable
structural limited warranty, on homes closed after the implementation
date. The Home Builder’s Limited Warranty covers construction defects for
a statutory period based on geographic market and state law (currently ranging
from five to ten years for the states in which the Company operates) and
includes a mandatory arbitration clause. Prior to this new warranty
program, the Company provided up to a two-year limited warranty on materials and
workmanship and a twenty-year (for homes closed between 1989 and 1998) and a
thirty-year (for homes closed during or after 1998) limited warranty against
major structural defects. To increase the value of the thirty-year warranty, the
warranty is transferable in the event of the sale of the home. The
Home Builder’s Limited Warranty provides coverage for construction defects and
certain resultant damage caused by any construction defects. The warranty period
varies by state in accordance with the statute of limitations for construction
defects for each state. We also pass along to our homebuyers all
warranties
6
provided
by the manufacturers or suppliers of components installed in each
home. Our warranty expense was approximately 0.8%, 0.7% and 0.9% of
total housing revenue for the years ended December 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Markets
Our
operations are organized into ten homebuilding divisions within three regions to
maximize operating efficiencies and use of local management. Each of
our divisions is managed by an area president with each region being managed by
a region president. Our current homebuilding operating structure is
as follows:
Year
|
||||
Operations
|
||||
Region
|
Division
|
Commenced
|
||
Midwest
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Columbus,
Ohio
|
1976
|
||
Midwest
|
Cincinnati,
Ohio
|
1988
|
||
Midwest
|
Indianapolis,
Indiana
|
1988
|
||
Midwest
|
Chicago,
Illinois
|
2007
|
||
Florida
|
Tampa,
Florida
|
1981
|
||
Florida
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Orlando,
Florida
|
1984
|
||
Mid-Atlantic
|
Charlotte,
North Carolina
|
1985
|
||
Mid-Atlantic
|
Raleigh,
North Carolina
|
1986
|
||
Mid-Atlantic
|
Maryland
and Virginia suburbs of Washington D.C.
|
1991
|
Columbus
is the capital of Ohio, with federal, state and local governments providing
significant employment. Private industries including education,
healthcare, and professional services have notably contributed to this market as
well. Single-family permits were approximately 4,400 in 2007, a
decline of 23% from 2006’s permits of approximately 5,700. Columbus
is our home market, where we have had operations since 1976.
Cincinnati
is characterized by an employment base highly concentrated in the
service-producing industry; however, the area has experienced a decline in the
manufacturing, construction, and retail sectors. Although Cincinnati
leads the state in economic growth, presently it is slow and remains below the
national average. Single-family permits were approximately 5,300 in
2007, a decline of 29% from 2006’s permits of nearly 7,500.
Indianapolis
is a market noted for its diverse industry. Significant industries
include construction, leisure/hospitality, transportation/utilities and retail
services. Single-family permits were approximately 7,100 in 2007, a
decline of 24% from 2006’s permits of nearly 9,300.
Chicago
is the business center of the Midwest. Growth in the Chicago area has
been dependent on business, financial and transportation industries, along with
tourism. The area has recently experienced a decline in existing and
new home sales. Single-family permits were approximately 18,200 in
2007, a decline of 36% from 2006’s permits of approximately 28,600.
Tampa’s
labor demand softened in 2007 resulting in an increase in
unemployment. The construction and financial industries, which had
previously anchored the metro area, have experienced a decline in growth as the
housing market weakens; however, commercial real estate markets have maintained
a strong presence. Single-family housing permits were approximately
8,100 in 2007 compared to approximately 18,300 in 2006, a decline of
56%.
Orlando’s
housing market experienced a significant decline in 2007. Commercial
real estate remains strong in the metro area. Predominant industries
include tourism, high-tech and manufacturing. The rise in
unemployment, along with an imbalance in the housing market, has contributed to
the decline of permits. In 2007, single-family permits were
approximately 11,800, a decline of 50% from 2006’s permits of approximately
23,500.
Charlotte
is home to numerous firms in the banking industry, as well as a growing presence
of corporate headquarters. The demographics continue to support
long-term growth, with strong in-migration and an educated
workforce. In 2007, housing activity decreased 25% with nearly 15,200
single-family permits compared to approximately 20,300 in 2006.
Raleigh
is the capital of North Carolina, with state government, three major
universities within the greater metro area, and pharmaceutical and biotech
industries contributing to its employment base. Single-family housing
permits declined almost 10% in 2007 with nearly 16,600 single-family permits
compared to approximately 18,300 in 2006.
7
Washington,
D.C.’s major contributors to employment come from the construction, technology
and government sectors. Single-family housing permits were
approximately 21,300 in 2007 compared to approximately 26,700 in 2006, a decline
of 20%. Our operations are located throughout the Maryland and
Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C.
Product
Lines
On a
regional basis, we offer homes ranging in base sales price from approximately
$115,000 to $875,000, and ranging in square footage from approximately 1,100 to
5,700 square feet. In addition to single-family detached homes, we
also offer attached townhomes in most of our markets as well as condominiums in
our Columbus, Orlando, and Washington, D.C. markets. By offering a
wide range of homes, we are able to attract first-time, move-up, empty-nester
and luxury homebuyers. It is our goal to sell more than one home to
our buyers, and we have been successful in this pursuit.
In each
of our home lines, upgrades and options are available to the homebuyer for an
additional charge. Major options include fireplaces, additional
bathrooms and higher-quality flooring, cabinets and appliances. The
options are typically more numerous and significant on our more expensive homes,
and typically options carry a higher margin than our standard
selections.
Land
Acquisition and Development
In 2007,
our percent of land internally developed reduced to 85% compared to 90% in
previous years. This was, in part, due to the sale of our West Palm
Beach assets as well as the Company’s focus to reduce our internally developed
land position. In the future, we plan to source the majority of our
land through developed lot option contracts. We continue to
constantly evaluate our alternatives to satisfy the need for lots in the most
cost effective manner. We seek to limit our investment in undeveloped
land and lots to the amount reasonably expected to be sold in the next three to
six years. Although we purchase land and engage in land development
activities primarily for the purpose of furthering our homebuilding activities,
we have, on a very select and limited basis, developed land with the intention
of selling a portion of the lots to outside homebuilders in certain
markets.
To limit
the risk involved in land ownership, we acquire land primarily through the use
of contingent purchase agreements. These agreements require the
approval of our corporate land committee and frequently condition our obligation
to purchase land upon approval of zoning, utilities, soil and subsurface
conditions, environmental and wetland conditions, market analysis, development
costs, title matters and other property-related criteria. Only after
this thorough evaluation has been completed do we make a commitment to purchase
undeveloped land.
We
periodically enter into limited liability company (“LLC”) arrangements with
other entities to develop land. At December 31, 2007, we had
interests varying from 33% to 50% in each of nineteen LLCs. Four of
the LLCs are located in Tampa, Florida, one of the LLCs is located in Orlando,
Florida and the remaining LLCs are located in Columbus, Ohio. Three
of the LLCs have obtained financing from a third party lender, and all of the
remaining LLCs are equity financed by the Company and our partners in the
LLCs.
During
the development of lots, we are required by some municipalities and other
governmental authorities to provide completion bonds or letters of credit for
sewer, streets and other improvements. At December 31, 2007,
$81.1 million of
completion bonds and $27 million of letters of credit were outstanding for these
purposes.
We seek
to balance the economic risk of owning lots and land with the necessity of
having lots available for our homes. At December 31, 2007, we had
4,781 developed lots and 614 lots under development in inventory. We
also owned raw land expected to be developed into approximately 5,614
lots. In addition, at December 31, 2007, our interest in lots held by
unconsolidated LLCs consisted of no unsold lots, 423 lots under development and
raw land expected to be developed into 2,318 lots.
At
December 31, 2007, we had purchase agreements to acquire 1,969 developed lots
and raw land to be developed into approximately 454 lots for a total of 2,423
lots, with an aggregate current purchase price of approximately $133.9
million. Purchase of these properties is generally contingent upon
satisfaction of certain requirements by us and the sellers, such as zoning
approval and availability of building permits. We currently believe
that our maximum exposure as of December 31, 2007 related to these agreements is
equal to the amount of our outstanding deposits, which totaled $9.1 million,
including cash deposits of $4.4 million, prepaid acquisition costs of $1.3
million, letters of credit of $1.9 million and corporate promissory notes of
$1.5 million. Further details relating to our land option agreements
are included in Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
8
The
following table sets forth our land position in lots (including lots held in
unconsolidated LLCs) at December 31, 2007:
Lots
Owned
|
|||||||||||
Finished
|
Lots
Under
|
Undeveloped
|
Total
Lots
|
Lots
Under
|
|||||||
Region
|
Lots
|
Development
|
Lots
|
Owned
|
Contract
|
Total
|
|||||
Midwest
|
2,028
|
192
|
4,182
|
6,402
|
565
|
6,967
|
|||||
Florida
|
1,660
|
633
|
3,011
|
5,304
|
540
|
5,844
|
|||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
1,093
|
212
|
739
|
2,044
|
1,318
|
3,362
|
|||||
Total
|
4,781
|
1,037
|
7,932
|
13,750
|
2,423
|
16,173
|
Financial
Services
We
provide mortgage financing services to purchasers of our homes through M/I
Financial. M/I Financial provides financing services in all of our
housing markets except for Chicago. During the year ended December
31, 2007, we captured 79% of the available business from purchasers of our
homes, originating approximately $586.5 million of mortgage
loans. The mortgage loans originated by M/I Financial are generally
sold to a third party within two weeks of originating the loan.
M/I
Financial has been approved by the Department of Housing and Urban Development
and the Veterans Administration to originate mortgages that are insured and/or
guaranteed by these entities. In addition, M/I Financial has been
approved by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and by the Federal
National Mortgage Association as a seller and servicer of
mortgages.
We also
provide title services to purchasers of our homes through our wholly-owned
subsidiaries, TransOhio Residential Title Agency, Ltd. and M/I Title Agency,
Ltd, and our majority-owned subsidiary, Washington/Metro Residential Title
Agency, LLC. Through these entities, we serve as a title insurance
agent by providing title insurance policies, examination and closing services to
purchasers of our homes in all of our housing markets except Raleigh, Charlotte
and Chicago. We assume no underwriting risk associated with the title
policies. In addition, we collect commissions as a broker of property
and casualty insurance policies through M/I Insurance Agency, LLC, a
majority-owned subsidiary. As a broker, the Company does not retain
any risk associated with these insurance policies.
Corporate
Operations
Our
corporate operations and home office are located in Columbus, Ohio, where we
perform the following functions at a centralized level:
●
|
Establish
strategy, goals and operating policies;
|
●
|
Ensure
brand integrity and consistency across all local and regional
communications;
|
●
|
Monitor
and manage the performance of our operations;
|
●
|
Allocate
capital resources;
|
●
|
Provide
financing and perform all cash management functions for the Company, as
well as maintain our relationship with lenders;
|
●
|
Maintain
centralized information and communication systems; and
|
●
|
Maintain
centralized financial reporting and internal audit
functions.
|
Competition
In each
of our markets, we compete with numerous national, regional and local
homebuilders, some of which have greater financial, marketing, land acquisition
and sales resources. Builders of new homes compete not only for
homebuyers, but also for desirable properties, financing, raw materials and
skilled subcontractors. In addition, we also face competition with
the existing home resale market. We believe that we have a very
strong competitive position in the markets in which we operate because of our
commitment to quality and customer service and our dedication to building
confidence in our product and our company. However, due to the current
over-supply of housing inventory in many of the markets in which we operate,
combined with significant discounting by certain homebuilding competitors, the
housing markets in which we operate have become more competitive than in the
past.
9
Regulation
and Environmental Matters
The
homebuilding industry, including the Company, is subject to various local, state
and federal (including FHA and VA) statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations
concerning zoning, building, design, construction, sales and similar
matters. These regulations affect construction activities, including
types of construction materials that may be used, certain aspects of building
design, sales activities and dealings with consumers. We are required
to obtain licenses, permits and approvals from various governmental authorities
for development activities. In many areas, we are subject to local
regulations which impose restrictive zoning and density requirements in order to
limit the number of homes within the boundaries of a particular
locality. We strive to reduce the risks of restrictive zoning and
density requirements by using contingent land purchase agreements, which state
that land must meet various requirements, including zoning, prior to our
purchase.
Development
may be subject to periodic delays or precluded entirely due to building
moratoriums. Generally, these moratoriums relate to insufficient
water or sewage facilities or inadequate road capacity within specific market
areas or communities. The moratoriums we have experienced have not
been of long duration and have not had a material effect on our
business.
Each of
the states in which we operate has a wide variety of environmental protection
laws. These laws generally regulate developments which are of
substantial size and which are in or near certain specified geographic
areas. Furthermore, these laws impose requirements for development
approvals which are more stringent than those that land developers would have to
meet outside of these geographic areas.
Additional
requirements may be imposed on homebuilders and developers in the future, which
could have a significant impact on us and the industry. Although we
cannot predict the effect of any such additional requirements, such requirements
could result in time-consuming and expensive compliance programs. In
addition, the continued effectiveness of current licenses, permits or
development approvals is dependent upon many factors, some of which may be
beyond our control.
Seasonality
Our
homebuilding operations experience significant seasonality and
quarter-to-quarter variability in homebuilding activity levels. In
general, homes delivered increase substantially in the second half of the
year. We believe that this seasonality reflects the tendency of
homebuyers to shop for a new home in the spring with the goal of closing in the
fall or winter, as well as the scheduling of construction to accommodate
seasonal weather conditions. Our financial services operations also
experience seasonality because loan originations correspond with the delivery of
homes in our homebuilding operations.
Employees
At
February 29, 2008, we employed 690 people (including part-time employees), of
which 538 were employed in homebuilding operations, 62 in financial services and
90 in management and administrative services. No employees are
represented by a collective bargaining agreement.
NYSE
Certification
We
submitted our 2006 Annual CEO Certification with the New York Stock Exchange on
May 15, 2007. The certification was not qualified in any
respect.
Available
Information
We file
annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These
filings are available to the public over the internet on the SEC’s website at
www.sec.gov. Our periodic reports and other information filed with
the SEC may be inspected without charge and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference
Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call
the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public
Reference Room.
Our
principal internet address is mihomes.com. We
make available, free of charge, on or through our website, our annual reports on
Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K that
are furnished or filed, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably
practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to,
the SEC. Our website also includes printable versions of our
Corporate Governance guidelines, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and
Charters for each of our Audit, Compensation and
10
Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committees. The contents of our website are
not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS
Factors
That May Affect Our Future Results (Cautionary Statements Under the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995):
Certain information
included in this report or in other materials we have filed or will file with
the SEC (as well as information included in oral statements or other written
statements made or to be made by us) contains or may contain forward-looking
statements, including, but not limited to, statements regarding our
future financial performance and financial condition. Words such as
“expects,” “anticipates,” “targets,” “goals,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,”
“believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” variations of such words and similar
expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking
statements. These statements involve a number of risks and
uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements that we make herein and
in future reports and statements are not guarantees of future performance, and
actual results may differ materially from those in such forward-looking
statements as a result of various factors relating to the economic environment,
interest rates, availability of resources, competition, market concentration,
land development activities and various governmental rules and regulations, as
more fully discussed in this Risk Factors section. Any
forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date made. We
undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements or
risk factors, whether as a result of new information, future events or
otherwise. However, any further disclosures made on related subjects
in our subsequent reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K should be
consulted. This discussion is provided as permitted by the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and all of our forward-looking
statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary
statements contained or referenced in this section.
Discussions
of our business and operations included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K
should be read in conjunction with the risk factors set forth
below. The following cautionary discussion of risks, uncertainties
and assumptions relevant to our business includes factors we believe could cause
our actual results to differ materially from expected and historical
results. Other factors beyond those listed below, including factors
unknown to us and factors known to us which we have not currently determined to
be material, could also adversely affect us.
Homebuilding Market and
Economic Risks
The
homebuilding industry is in the midst of a significant downturn. A continuing
decline in demand for new homes coupled with an increase in the inventory of
available new homes and alternatives to new homes could adversely affect our
sales volume and pricing even more than has occurred to date.
The
homebuilding industry is in the midst of a significant downturn. As a
result, we have experienced a significant decline in demand for newly built
homes in almost all of our markets. Homebuilders’ inventories of unsold
new homes have increased as a result of increased cancellation rates on pending
contracts as new homebuyers sometimes find it more advantageous to forfeit a
deposit than to complete the purchase of the home. In addition, an
oversupply of alternatives to new homes, such as rental properties and existing
homes, has depressed prices and reduced margins. This combination of lower
demand and higher inventories affects both the number of homes we can sell and
the prices at which we can sell them. For example, in 2007 we experienced
a significant decline in our sales results, significant reductions in our
margins as a result of higher levels of sales incentives and price concessions,
and a higher than normal cancellation rate. We do not know how long demand
and supply will remain out of balance in markets where we operate or whether,
even if demand and supply come back in balance, sales volumes or pricing will
return to prior levels.
Demand
for new homes is sensitive to economic conditions over which we have no control,
such as the availability of mortgage financing.
Demand
for homes is sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as the level of
employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, the availability of financing,
and interest rate levels. During 2007, the mortgage lending industry
experienced significant challenges. As a result of increased default
rates, particularly (but not entirely) with regard to sub-prime and other
non-conforming loans, many lenders have reduced their willingness to make, and
tightened their credit requirements with regard to, residential mortgage loans.
Fewer loan products and stricter loan qualification standards have made it
more difficult for some borrowers to finance the purchase of our homes.
Although our finance company subsidiary offers mortgage loans to potential
buyers of most of the homes we build, we may no longer be able to offer
financing terms that are attractive to our potential buyers.
11
Unavailability
of mortgage financing at acceptable rates reduces demand for the homes we build,
including, in some instances, causing potential buyers to cancel contracts they
have signed.
Increasing
interest rates could cause defaults for homebuyers who financed homes using
non-traditional financing products, which could increase the number of homes
available for resale.
During
the period of high demand in the homebuilding industry prior to 2006, many
homebuyers financed their purchases using non-traditional adjustable rate or
interest only mortgages or other mortgages, including sub-prime mortgages, that
involved, at least during initial years, monthly payments that were
significantly lower than those required by conventional fixed rate mortgages.
As a result, new homes became more affordable. However, as monthly
payments for these homes increase either as a result of increasing adjustable
interest rates or as a result of principal payments coming due, some of these
homebuyers could default on their payments and have their homes foreclosed,
which would increase the inventory of homes available for resale.
Foreclosure sales and other distress sales may result in further declines
in market prices for homes. In an environment of declining prices, many
homebuyers may delay purchases of homes in anticipation of lower prices in the
future. In addition, as lenders perceive deterioration in credit quality
among homebuyers, lenders have been eliminating some of the available
non-traditional and sub-prime financing products and increasing the
qualifications needed for mortgages or adjusting their terms to address
increased credit risk. In addition, tighter lending standards for mortgage
products and volatility in the sub-prime and alternative mortgage markets may
have a negative impact on our business by making it more difficult for certain
of our homebuyers to obtain financing or resell their existing
homes. During 2007, approximately 6% of our closings were in the
sub-prime category and approximately 10% were in the alternative category, with
the majority of these sub-prime and alternative loans being brokered to third
party mortgage companies. We define sub-prime mortgages as
conventional loans with a credit score below 620 or government loans with a
credit score below 575, and we define alternative loans as loans that do not fit
in the conforming categories due to a variety of reasons such as documentation,
residency or occupancy. In general, to the extent mortgage rates
increase or lenders make it more difficult for prospective buyers to finance
home purchases, it becomes more difficult or costly for customers to purchase
our homes, which has an adverse affect on our sales volume.
Our
land investment exposes us to significant risks, including potential impairment
write-downs that could negatively impact our profits if the market value of our
inventory declines.
We must
anticipate demand for new homes several years prior to those homes being sold to
homeowners. There are significant risks inherent in controlling or
purchasing land, especially as the demand for new homes
decreases. There is often a significant lag time between when we
acquire land for development and when we sell homes in neighborhoods we have
planned, developed and constructed. The value of undeveloped land,
building lots and housing inventories can fluctuate significantly as a result of
changing market conditions. In addition, inventory carrying costs can
be significant and fluctuations in value can result in reduced
profits. Economic conditions could result in the necessity to sell
homes or land at a loss, or hold land in inventory longer than planned, which
could significantly impact our financial condition, results of operations, cash
flows and stock performance. As a result of softened market
conditions in most of our markets, since 2006, we recorded a loss of $215.6
million for impairment of inventory and investments in unconsolidated LLCs and
wrote-off $10.6 million relating to abandoned land transactions. It
is possible that the estimated cash flows from these inventory positions may
change and could result in a future need to record additional valuation
adjustments. Additionally, if conditions in the homebuilding industry
worsen in the future, we may be required to evaluate additional inventory for
potential impairment, which may result in additional valuation adjustments which
could be significant and could negatively impact our financial results and
condition. We cannot make any assurances that the measures we employ
to manage inventory risks and costs will be successful.
Operational
Risks
If we are not
able to obtain suitable financing, our business may be negatively
impacted.
The
homebuilding industry is capital intensive because of the length of time from
when land or lots are acquired to when the related homes are constructed on
those lots and delivered to homebuyers. Our business and earnings
depend on our ability to obtain financing to support our homebuilding operations
and to provide the resources to carry inventory. We may be required
to seek additional capital, whether from sales of equity or debt or additional
bank borrowings, to support our business. Our ability to secure the
needed capital at terms that are acceptable to us may be impacted by factors
beyond our control.
12
Reduced
numbers of home sales force us to absorb additional carrying costs.
We incur
many costs even before we begin to build homes in a community. These
include costs of preparing land and installing roads, sewage and other
utilities, as well as taxes and other costs related to ownership of the land on
which we plan to build homes. Reducing the rate at which we build homes
extends the length of time it takes us to recover these additional costs.
Also, we frequently acquire options to purchase land and make deposits
that will be forfeited if we do not exercise the options within specified
periods. Because of current market conditions, we have terminated a number
of these options, resulting in significant forfeitures of deposits we made with
regard to the options.
The
terms of our indebtedness may restrict our ability to operate.
The
Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 6, 2006 (the “Credit
Facility”) and the indenture governing our senior notes impose restrictions on
our operations and activities. The most significant restrictions
under the indenture governing our senior notes relate to debt incurrence, sales
of assets, cash distributions and investments by us and certain of our
subsidiaries. In addition, our Credit Facility requires compliance with
certain financial covenants, including a minimum adjusted consolidated tangible
net worth requirement and a maximum permitted leverage ratio.
Under the
interest coverage covenant contained in our Credit Facility, we are required to
maintain a minimum ratio of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation,
amortization and non-cash charges (“EBITDA”) to interest incurred (as defined in
the Credit Facility). The minimum ratio of EBITDA to interest
incurred on a rolling four quarter basis is as follows, subject to certain
exceptions discussed below: (1) for the quarter ending March 31, 2008, a ratio
of 1.25 to 1.0; (2) for the quarters ending June 30, 2008 through March 31,
2009, a ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; (3) for the quarters ending June 30, 2009 and
September 30, 2009, a ratio of 1.25 to 1.0; and (4) for each of the quarters
including and after December 31, 2009, a ratio of 1.5 to 1.0. The
Credit Facility permits this interest coverage ratio to be less than 1.0 to 1.0
for up to three quarters at any time during the term of the Credit Facility,
provided that our leverage ratio is less than 1.0 to 1.0 at the end of such
quarter. In addition to the rolling four quarter interest coverage ratio,
we are also required to maintain a minimum quarter interest coverage ratio of
1.0 to 1.0. The Credit Facility permits this quarter interest
coverage ratio to be less than 1.0 to 1.0 for a maximum of four consecutive
quarters during the term of the Credit Facility. In addition, under
the Credit Facility, we are required to maintain a minimum tangible net
worth. At December, 31, 2007 our tangible net worth exceeded the
minimum tangible net worth required by this covenant by approximately $40
million. Should economic conditions deteriorate further and
significant impairments occur as a result, we may be unable to meet this
covenant.
Based on
our current estimates, we believe we will meet the interest coverage covenant
and minimum net worth covenant through 2008 unless we are required to take
significant additional impairment charges. If recording significant
impairment charges and/or deferred tax valuation allowances in the future causes
us not to comply with the minimum net worth covenant under the Credit Facility,
the lender would have the right to terminate the Credit Facility and cause any
amounts we owe under the Credit Facility to become due
immediately. We monitor these and other covenant requirements
closely. We can provide no assurance that we will be successful in
complying with all restrictions of our indebtedness or in obtaining waivers in
the event of a covenant violation.
The
indenture covering our senior notes contains various covenants, including
limitations on additional indebtedness, affiliate transactions, sale of assets
and a restriction on certain payments. Payments for dividends and
share repurchases are subject to a limitation, with increases in the limitation
resulting from issuances of equity interests and quarterly net earnings, and
decreases in the limitation resulting from quarterly net losses, with such
increases and decreases being cumulative since the March 2005 issuance of the
notes. As of December 31, 2007, there was $98.5 million available for
the payment of dividends or share repurchases under this
covenant.
One
unconsolidated entity in which we have investments may not be able to modify the
terms of its loan agreement
In one of
our joint ventures with financing we have not met certain obligations under the
loan agreement which has resulted in the joint venture being in
default. The joint venture is redefining the business plan and
continues to proceed in discussions with the lender. Although we
continue to have discussions with both our builder partner and lender, there can
be no assurance that we will be able to successfully re-negotiate or extend, on
terms we deem acceptable, the joint venture loan. The loan is
non-recourse to the Company. If we are unsuccessful in these efforts,
it may result in the write-off of our investment of $3.3 million.
13
We
may be unable to obtain suitable financing and bonding for the development of
our communities.
Our
business depends upon our ability to obtain financing for the development of our
residential communities and to provide bonds to ensure the completion of our
projects. We currently use our credit facility to provide some of the financing
we need. The willingness of lenders to make funds available to us has
been affected both by factors relating to us as a borrower, and by a decrease in
the willingness of banks and other lenders to lend to homebuilders generally. If
we were unable to finance the development of our communities through our credit
facility or other debt, or if we were unable to provide required surety bonds
for our projects, our business operations and revenues could suffer a material
adverse effect.
The
credit facilities of our Financial Services segment will expire in
2008.
Our
Financial Services segment has the M/I Financial First Amended and Restated
Revolving Credit Agreement (the “MIF Credit Facility”) totaling $40.0 million,
with an increase to $65.0 million during the period from December 15, 2007 to
January 15, 2008. This segment uses the MIF Credit Facility to
finance its lending activities until the loans are delivered to third party
buyers. The MIF Credit Facility will expire on April 25, 2008. In the
past, we have been able to obtain renewals of the MIF Credit Facility at the
time of its maturity. If we are unable to renew or replace the MIF Credit
Facility when it matures in April 2008, it could seriously impede the activities
of our Financial Services segment.
We
may not be able to utilize all of our deferred tax assets.
We
currently believe that we are likely to have sufficient taxable income in the
future to realize the benefit of all our net deferred tax assets (consisting
primarily of valuation adjustments, reserves and accruals that are not currently
deductible for tax purposes, as well as operating loss carryforwards from losses
we incurred during fiscal 2007). However, some or all of these deferred
tax assets could expire unused if we are unable to generate sufficient taxable
income in the future to take advantage of them or we enter into transactions
that limit our right to use them. If it became more likely than not that
deferred tax assets would expire unused, we would have to increase our valuation
allowance to reflect this fact, which could materially increase our income tax
expense and adversely affect our results of operations and tangible net worth in
the period in which it is recorded.
Our
income tax provision and other tax liabilities may be insufficient if taxing
authorities are successful in asserting tax positions that are contrary to our
position.
From time
to time, we are audited by various federal, state and local authorities
regarding income tax matters. Significant judgment is required to determine our
provision for income taxes and our liabilities for federal, state, local and
other taxes. Our audits are in various stages of completion; however, no
outcome for a particular audit can be determined with certainty prior to the
conclusion of the audit, appeal and, in some cases, litigation process.
Although we believe our approach to determining the appropriate tax
treatment is supportable and in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109, “Accounting for Income
Taxes,” and Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation
No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” it is possible that
the final tax authority will take a tax position that is materially different
than that which is reflected in our income tax provision and other tax
reserves. As each audit is conducted, adjustments, if any, are
appropriately recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements in the period
determined. Such differences could have a material adverse effect on our
income tax provision or benefit, or other tax reserves, in the reporting period
in which such determination is made and, consequently, on our results of
operations, financial position and/or cash flows for such period.
Homebuilding
is subject to warranty and liability claims in the ordinary course of business
that can be significant.
As a
homebuilder, we are subject to home warranty and construction defect claims
arising in the ordinary course of business. We record warranty and
other reserves for homes we sell based on historical experience in our markets
and our judgment of the qualitative risks associated with the types of homes
built. We have, and require the majority of our subcontractors to
have, general liability, workers’ compensation and other business
insurance. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of
our risk of loss from claims, subject to certain self-insured retentions,
deductibles and other coverage limits. We reserve for the costs to
cover our self-insured retentions and deductible amounts under these policies
and for any costs of claims and lawsuits based on an analysis of our historical
claims, which includes an estimate of claims incurred but not yet
reported. Because of the uncertainties inherent to these matters, we
cannot provide assurance that our insurance coverage, our subcontractors’
arrangements and our reserves will be adequate to address all of our warranty
and construction defect claims in the future. For example,
contractual indemnities can be difficult to enforce, we may be responsible for
applicable self-insured retentions, and some types of claims may not
be
14
covered
by insurance or may exceed applicable coverage limits. Additionally,
the coverage offered and the availability of general liability insurance for
construction defects are currently limited and costly. We have
responded to the recent increases in insurance costs and coverage limitations by
increasing our self-insured retentions. There can be no assurance
that coverage will not be further restricted and may become even more costly or
may not be available at rates that are acceptable to us.
Natural
disasters and severe weather conditions could delay deliveries, increase costs
and decrease demand for homes in affected areas.
Several
of our markets, specifically our operations in Florida, North Carolina and
Washington, D.C., are situated in geographical areas that are regularly impacted
by severe storms, hurricanes and flooding. In addition, our
operations in the Midwest can be impacted by severe storms, including
tornados. The occurrence of these or other natural disasters can
cause delays in the completion of, or increase the cost of, developing one or
more of our communities, and as a result could materially and adversely impact
our results of operations.
Supply
shortages and other risks related to the demand for skilled labor and building
materials could increase costs and delay deliveries.
The
residential construction industry has, from time to time, experienced
significant material and labor shortages in insulation, drywall, brick, cement
and certain areas of carpentry and framing, as well as fluctuations in lumber
prices and supplies. Any shortages of long duration in these areas
could delay construction of homes, which could adversely affect our business and
increase costs. We have not experienced any significant issues with
availability of building materials or skilled labor.
We
are subject to extensive government regulations which could restrict our
homebuilding or financial services business.
The
homebuilding industry is subject to increasing local, state and federal
statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning zoning, resource
protection, building design and construction and similar
matters. This includes local regulations that impose restrictive
zoning and density requirements in order to limit the number of homes that can
eventually be built within the boundaries of a particular
location. Such regulation also affects construction activities,
including construction materials that must be used in certain aspects of
building design, as well as sales activities and other dealings with
homebuyers. We must also obtain licenses, permits and approvals from
various governmental agencies for our development activities, the granting of
which are beyond our control. Furthermore, increasingly stringent
requirements may be imposed on homebuilders and developers in the
future. Although we cannot predict the impact on us to comply with
any such requirements, such requirements could result in time-consuming and
expensive compliance programs. In addition, we have been, and in the
future may be, subject to periodic delays or may be precluded from developing
certain projects due to building moratoriums. These moratoriums
generally relate to insufficient water supplies or sewage facilities, delays in
utility hookups, or inadequate road capacity within the specific market area or
subdivision. These moratoriums can occur prior to, or subsequent to,
commencement of our operations, without notice or recourse.
We are
also subject to a variety of local, state and federal statutes, ordinances,
rules and regulations concerning the protection of health and the
environment. The particular environmental laws that apply to any
given project vary greatly according to the project site and the present and
former uses of the property. These environmental laws may result in
delays, cause us to incur substantial compliance costs (including substantial
expenditures for pollution and water quality control), and prohibit or severely
restrict development in certain environmentally sensitive
regions. Although there can be no assurance that we will be
successful in all cases, we have a general practice of requiring resolution of
environmental issues prior to purchasing land in an effort to avoid major
environmental issues in our developments.
In
addition to the laws and regulations that relate to our homebuilding operations,
M/I Financial is subject to a variety of laws and regulations concerning the
underwriting, servicing and sale of mortgage loans.
We are dependent
on the services of certain key employees, and the loss of their services could
hurt our business.
Our
future success depends, in part, on our ability to attract, train and retain
skilled personnel. If we are unable to retain our key employees or
attract, train and retain other skilled personnel in the future, it could impact
our operations and result in additional expenses for identifying and training
new personnel.
15
ITEM
1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM
2. PROPERTIES
We own
and operate an approximately 85,000 square foot office building for our home
office in Columbus, Ohio and lease all of our other offices.
Due to
the nature of our business, a substantial amount of property is held as
inventory in the ordinary course of business. See “ITEM 1. BUSINESS –
Land Acquisition and Development.”
ITEM
3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are
involved in routine litigation incidential to our business. Management
does not believe any of this litigation is material to our business or our
consolidated financial statements.
ITEM
4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
16
PART
II
ITEM
5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER
MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The
Company’s common shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the
symbol “MHO.” As of February 22, 2008, there were approximately 460
record holders of the Company’s common shares. At that date, there
were 17,626,123 common shares issued and 14,004,890 common shares
outstanding. The table below presents the highest and lowest sales
prices for the Company’s common shares during each of the quarters
presented:
2007
|
HIGH
|
LOW
|
||
First
quarter
|
$ 38.25
|
$ 26.46
|
||
Second
quarter
|
31.40
|
25.11
|
||
Third
quarter
|
29.74
|
13.45
|
||
Fourth
quarter
|
18.02
|
8.91
|
||
2006
|
||||
First
quarter
|
$ 49.44
|
$ 35.00
|
||
Second
quarter
|
49.05
|
29.95
|
||
Third
quarter
|
37.72
|
30.12
|
||
Fourth
quarter
|
39.11
|
33.16
|
The
highest and lowest sales prices for the Company’s common shares from January 1,
2008 through February 22, 2008 were $18.50 and $7.21, respectively.
The
Company typically declares dividends on a quarterly basis, as approved by the
Board of Directors. Dividends paid to common shareholders totaled
$1.4 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006. On both November 14, 2007 and February 13, 2008, the Board of
Directors approved a $0.025 per share cash dividend payable to shareholders of
record of its common shares on January 2, 2008 and April 1, 2008, respectively,
payable on January 17, 2008 and April 18, 2008,
respectively.
The
Company is required under its revolving credit facility to maintain a certain
amount of tangible net worth, and as of December 31, 2007, had approximately
$40.0 million available for payment of dividends. Under the indenture
covering our senior notes, payments for dividends and share repurchases are
subject to a limitation, with increases in the limitation resulting from
issuances of equity interests and quarterly net earnings and decreases in the
limitation resulting from quarterly net losses, with such increases and
decreases being cumulative since the March 2005 issuance of the
notes. As of December 31, 2007, there was $98.5 million available for
the payment of dividends under this covenant.
Performance
Graph
The
following graph illustrates the Company’s performance in the form of cumulative
total return to shareholders for the last five calendar years through December
31, 2007, assuming a hypothetical investment of $100 and reinvestment of all
dividends paid on such investment, compared to the cumulative total return of
the same hypothetical investment in both the Standard and Poor’s 500 Index and
the Standard & Poor’s 500 Homebuilding Index.
17
Period
Ending
|
||||||
Index
|
12/31/02
|
12/31/03
|
12/31/04
|
12/31/05
|
12/31/06
|
12/31/07
|
M/I
Homes, Inc.
|
100.00
|
140.85
|
199.22
|
147.14
|
138.70
|
38.37
|
S&P
500
|
100.00
|
128.68
|
142.69
|
149.70
|
173.34
|
182.86
|
S&P
500 Homebuilding Index
|
100.00
|
197.82
|
264.37
|
334.65
|
267.72
|
110.05
|
Share
Repurchases
On
November 8, 2005, the Company obtained authorization from the Board of Directors
to repurchase up to $25 million worth of its outstanding common
shares. The purchases may occur in the open market and/or in
privately negotiated transactions as market conditions
warrant. During the twelve month period ended December 31, 2007, the
Company did not repurchase any shares. As of December 31, 2007, the
Company had approximately $6.7 million available to repurchase outstanding
common shares from the November 2005 Board approval.
Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Total
Number of Shares
Purchased
|
Average
Price
Paid
per
Share
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced
Program
|
Approximate
Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
(a)
|
||||
October
1 to October 31, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
$6,715,000
|
|||
November
1 to November 30, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
$6,715,000
|
|||
December
1 to December 31, 2007
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
$6,715,000
|
|||
Total
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
$6,715,000
|
(a)
|
As
of February 22, 2008, the Company had purchased a total of 473,300 shares
at an average price of $38.63 per share pursuant to the existing
Board-approved $25 million repurchase program that was publicly announced
on November 10, 2005, and had approximately $6.7 million remaining
available for repurchase under the $25 million repurchase program, which
expires on November 8, 2010.
|
18
ITEM
6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA (a)
The
following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial data as of the
dates and for the periods indicated. This table should be read
together with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our Consolidated Financial
Statements, including the Notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
|||||||||
Income
Statement (Year Ended December 31):
|
||||||||||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 1,016,460 | $ | 1,274,145 | $ | 1,312,504 | $ | 1,132,002 | $ | 1,038,805 | ||||
Gross
margin (b)
|
$ | 35,487 | $ | 247,719 | $ | 329,917 | $ | 286,602 | $ | 258,550 | ||||
Net
(loss) income from continuing operations (b)
|
$ | (92,480 | ) | $ | 29,297 | $ | 98,574 | $ | 73,516 | $ | 53,287 | |||
Discontinued
operations, net of tax
|
$ | (35,646 | ) | $ | 9,578 | $ | 2,211 | $ | 18,018 | $ | 28,443 | |||
Net
(loss) income
|
$ | (128,126 | ) | $ | 38,875 | $ | 100,785 | $ | 91,534 | $ | 81,730 | |||
Preferred
dividends
|
$ | 7,313 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
Net
(loss) income to
common
shareholders (b)
|
$ | (135,439 | ) | $ | 38,875 | $ | 100,785 | $ | 91,534 | $ | 81,730 | |||
(Loss)
earnings per share to common shareholders:
|
||||||||||||||
Basic:
(b)
|
||||||||||||||
Continuing
operations
|
$ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 2.10 | $ | 6.89 | $ | 5.21 | $ | 3.69 | |||
Discontinuing
operations
|
$ | (2.55 | ) | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.16 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.97 | |||
Total
|
$ | (9.69 | ) | $ | 2.78 | $ | 7.05 | $ | 6.49 | $ | 5.66 | |||
Diluted:
(b)
|
||||||||||||||
Continuing
operations
|
$ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 2.07 | $ | 6.78 | $ | 5.10 | $ | 3.59 | |||
Discontinuing
operations
|
$ | (2.55 | ) | $ | 0.67 | $ | 0.15 | $ | 1.25 | $ | 1.92 | |||
Total
|
$ | (9.69 | ) | $ | 2.74 | $ | 6.93 | $ | 6.35 | $ | 5.51 | |||
Weighted
average shares outstanding:
|
||||||||||||||
Basic
|
13,977 | 13,970 | 14,302 | 14,107 | 14,428 | |||||||||
Diluted
|
13,977 | 14,168 | 14,539 | 14,407 | 14,825 | |||||||||
Dividends
per common share
|
$ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | ||||
Balance
Sheet (December 31):
|
||||||||||||||
Inventory
|
$ | 797,329 | $ | 1,092,739 | $ | 984,279 | $ | 761,077 | $ | 576,000 | ||||
Total
assets
|
$ | 1,117,645 | $ | 1,477,079 | $ | 1,329,678 | $ | 978,526 | $ | 746,872 | ||||
Notes
and mortgage notes payable
|
$ | 162,103 | $ | 446,844 | $ | 313,165 | $ | 317,370 | $ | 129,614 | ||||
Senior
notes
|
$ | 198,912 | $ | 198,656 | $ | 198,400 | - | - | ||||||
Subordinated
notes
|
- | - | - | - | $ | 50,000 | ||||||||
Shareholders’
equity
|
$ | 581,345 | $ | 617,052 | $ | 592,568 | $ | 487,611 | $ | 402,409 |
(a)
|
In
December 2007, we sold substantially all of our assets in our West Palm
Beach, Florida market and announced our exit from this
market. The results of operations for this market for all years
presented have been reclassified as discontinued operations in accordance
with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets.”
|
(b)
|
2007
and 2006 includes the impact of charges relating to the impairment of
inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs, reducing gross margin by
$148.4 million and $67.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively. Those charges, along with the write-off of
land deposits, intangibles and pre-acquisition costs, reduced net (loss)
income from continuing operations by $96.9 million and $46.7 million and
(loss) earnings per diluted share by $6.71 and $3.29 for the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
|
19
ITEM
7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND
|
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. (the “Company” or “we”) is one of the nation’s leading builders of
single-family homes, having delivered over 71,000 homes since we commenced
homebuilding in 1976. The Company’s homes are marketed and sold under
the trade names M/I Homes and Showcase Homes. The Company has
homebuilding operations in Columbus and Cincinnati, Ohio; Indianapolis, Indiana;
Tampa and Orlando, Florida; Charlotte and Raleigh, North Carolina; and the
Virginia and Maryland suburbs of Washington, D.C. In 2006, the latest
year for which information is available, we were the 21st largest
U.S. single-family homebuilder (based on homes delivered) as ranked by Builder
Magazine.
Included
in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations are the following topics relevant to the Company’s performance and
financial condition:
●
|
Information
Relating to Forward-Looking Statements;
|
●
|
Our
Application of Critical Accounting Estimates and
Policies;
|
●
|
Our
Results of Operations;
|
●
|
Discussion
of Our Liquidity and Capital Resources;
|
●
|
Summary
of Our Contractual Obligations;
|
●
|
Discussion
of Our Utilization of Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements;
and
|
●
|
Impact
of Interest Rates and Inflation.
|
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
|
Certain information
included in this report or in other materials we have filed or will file with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) (as well as information
included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by
us) contains or may contain forward-looking statements, including, but
not limited to, statements regarding our future financial performance and
financial condition. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,”
“targets,” “goals,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,”
“estimates,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to
identify such forward-looking statements. These statements involve a
number of risks and uncertainties. Any forward-looking statements
that we make herein and in future reports and statements are not guarantees of
future performance, and actual results may differ materially from those in such
forward-looking statements as a result of various factors relating to the
economic environment, interest rates, availability of resources, competition,
market concentration, land development activities and various governmental rules
and regulations, as more fully discussed in the “Risk Factors” section of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any forward-looking statement speaks only
as of the date made. Except as required by applicable law or the
rules and regulations of the SEC, we undertake no obligation to publicly update
any forward-looking statements or risk factors, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise. However, any further
disclosures made on related subjects in our subsequent reports on Forms 10-K,
10-Q and 8-K should be consulted. This discussion is provided as
permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and all of
our forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by the
cautionary statements contained or referenced in this section.
APPLICATION OF CRITICAL
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND POLICIES
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and
expenses during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates
and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the
basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities
that are not readily apparent from other sources. On an ongoing
basis, management evaluates such estimates and judgments and makes adjustments
as deemed necessary. Actual results could differ from these estimates
using different estimates and assumptions, or if conditions are significantly
different in the future. Listed below are those estimates that we
believe are critical to our financial condition and results of operations and
require the use of complex judgment in their application.
Revenue
Recognition. Revenue from the sale of a home is recognized
when the closing has occurred, title has passed, and an adequate initial and
continuing investment by the homebuyer is received, in accordance
with
20
Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate”
(“SFAS 66”), or when the loan has been sold to a third party
investor. Revenue for homes that close to the buyer having a deposit
of 5% or greater, home closings financed by third parties and all home closings
insured under FHA or VA government-insured programs are recorded in the
financial statements on the date of closing.
Revenue
related to all other home closings initially funded by our wholly-owned
subsidiary, M/I Financial Corp. (“M/I Financial”), is recorded on the date that
M/I Financial sells the loan to a third party investor, because the receivable
from the third party investor is not subject to future subordination and the
Company has transferred to this investor the usual risks and rewards of
ownership that is in substance a sale and does not have a substantial continuing
involvement with the home, in accordance with SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”
(“SFAS 140”).
All
associated homebuilding costs are charged to cost of sales in the period when
the revenues from home closings are recognized. Homebuilding costs
include land and land development costs, home construction costs (including an
estimate of the costs to complete construction), previously capitalized
interest, real estate taxes, indirect costs, and estimated warranty
costs. All other costs are expensed as incurred. Sales
incentives, including pricing discounts and financing costs paid by the Company,
are recorded as a reduction of Revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements
of Operations. Sales incentives in the form of options or upgrades
are recorded in homebuilding costs in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force
No. 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer
(Including a Reseller of a Vendor’s Products).”
We
recognize the majority of the revenue associated with our mortgage loan
operations when the mortgage loans and related servicing rights are sold to
third party investors. We defer the application and origination fees,
net of costs, and recognize them as revenue, along with the associated gains or
losses on the sale of the loans and related servicing rights, when the loans are
sold to third party investors in accordance with SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for
Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans”
(“SFAS 91”). The revenue recognized is reduced by the fair value of
the related guarantee provided to the investor. The fair value of the
guarantee is recognized in revenue when the Company is released from its
obligation under the guarantee. Generally, all of the financial
services mortgage loans and related servicing rights are sold to third party
investors within two weeks of origination. We recognize financial
services revenue associated with our title operations as homes are closed,
closing services are rendered, and title policies are issued, all of which
generally occur simultaneously as each home is closed. All of the
underwriting risk associated with title insurance policies is transferred to
third party insurers.
Inventories. We
use the specific identification method for the purpose of accumulating costs
associated with land acquisition and development, and home
construction. Inventories are recorded at cost, unless events and
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the land may be
impaired. In addition to the costs of direct land acquisition, land
development and related costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) and
home construction costs, inventories include capitalized interest, real estate
taxes, and certain indirect costs incurred during land development and home
construction. Such costs are charged to cost of sales simultaneously
with revenue recognition, as discussed above. When a home is closed,
we typically have not yet paid all incurred costs necessary to complete the
home. As homes close, we compare the home construction budget to
actual recorded costs to date to estimate the additional costs to be incurred
from our subcontractors related to the home. We record a liability
and a corresponding charge to cost of sales for the amount we estimate will
ultimately be paid related to that home. We monitor the accuracy of
such estimate by comparing actual costs incurred in subsequent months to the
estimate. Although actual costs to complete in the future could
differ from the estimate, our method has historically produced consistently
accurate estimates of actual costs to complete closed homes.
The
Company assesses inventories for recoverability in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”), which requires that long-lived assets be
reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in local or national economic
conditions indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. In conducting our quarterly review for indicators of
impairment on a community level, we evaluate, among other things, the margins on
homes that have been delivered, margins on sales contracts in backlog, projected
margins with regard to future home sales over the life of the community,
projected margins with regard to future land sales, and the value of the land
itself. We pay particular attention to communities in which inventory
is moving at a slower than anticipated absorption pace and communities whose
average sales price and/or margins are trending downward and are anticipated to
continue to trend downward. From this review, we identify communities
whose carrying values may exceed their undiscounted cash flows.
21
Operating
communities. For existing operating communities, the
recoverability of assets is measured on a quarterly basis by comparing the
carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to
be generated by the assets based on home sales. These estimated cash flows
are developed based primarily on management’s assumptions relating to the
community. The significant assumptions used to evaluate the
recoverability of assets include the timing of development and/or marketing
phases; projected sales price and sales pace of each existing or planned
community; the estimated land development, home construction and selling costs
of the community; overall market supply and demand; the local market and
competitive conditions. Management reviews these assumptions on a
quarterly basis. While we consider available information to determine
what we believe to be our best estimates as of the end of a reporting period,
these estimates are subject to change in future reporting periods as facts and
circumstances change.
Future
communities. For raw land or land under development that
management anticipates will be utilized for future homebuilding activities, the
recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the
assets to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets
based on home sales, consistent with the evaluations performed for operating
communities discussed above.
For raw
land, land under development or lots that management intends to market for sale
to a third party, but that do not meet all of the criteria to be classified as
land held for sale as discussed below, the recoverability of the assets is
determined based on either the estimated net sales proceeds expected to be
realized on the sale of the assets or the estimated fair value determined using
cash flow valuation techniques.
If the
Company has not yet determined whether raw land or land under development will
be utilized for future homebuilding activities or marketed for sale to a third
party, the Company assesses the recoverability of the inventory using a
probability-weighted approach, in accordance with SFAS 144.
Land held for
sale. Land held for sale includes land that meets all of the
following six criteria defined in SFAS 144: (1) management, having
the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset; (2)
the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only
to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets; (3) an active
program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to
sell the asset have been initiated; (4) the sale of the asset is probable, and
transfer of the asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed
sale, within one year; (5) the asset is being actively marketed for sale at a
price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and (6) actions
required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant
changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be
withdrawn. In accordance with SFAS 144, the Company records land held
for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less costs to
sell. In performing impairment evaluation for land held for sale,
management considers, among other things, prices for land in recent comparable
sales transactions, market analysis and recent bona fide offers received from
outside third parties, as well as actual contracts. If the estimated
fair value less the costs to sell an asset is less than the current carrying
value, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value less costs to
sell.
For all
of the above categories, the key assumptions relating to the valuations are
dependent on project-specific local market and/or community conditions and are
inherently uncertain. Local market-specific factors that may impact our project
assumptions include:
·
|
historical project results such as average sales price and sales rates, if
closings have occurred in the project;
|
·
|
competitors’ local market and/or community presence and their competitive
actions;
|
·
|
project-specific attributes such as location desirability and uniqueness
of product offering;
|
·
|
potential for alternative product offerings to respond to local market
conditions; and
|
·
|
current local market economic and demographic conditions and related
trends and forecasts.
|
These and
other local market-specific conditions that may be present are considered by
personnel in our homebuilding divisions as they prepare or update the forecasted
assumptions for each community. Quantitative and qualitative factors other than
home sales prices could significantly impact the potential for future
impairments. The sales objectives can differ between communities,
even within a given sub-market. For example, facts and circumstances
in a given community may lead us to price our homes with the objective of
yielding a higher sales absorption pace, while facts and circumstances in
another community may lead us to price our homes to minimize deterioration in
our gross margins, although it may result in a slower sales absorption
pace. Furthermore, the key assumptions included in our estimated
future undiscounted cash flows may be interrelated. For example, a
decrease in estimated base sales price or an increase in home sales incentives
may result in a corresponding increase in sales absorption
pace. Additionally, a decrease in the average sales price of homes to
be sold and closed in future reporting periods for one community that has not
been generating what management believes to be an adequate sales
22
absorption
pace may impact the estimated cash flow assumptions of a nearby
community. Changes in our key assumptions, including estimated
construction and development costs, absorption pace, selling strategies, or
discount rates could materially impact future cash flow and fair value
estimates. Due to the number of possible scenarios that would result
from various changes in these factors, we do not believe it is possible to
develop a sensitivity analysis with a level of precision that would be
meaningful.
As of
December 31, 2007, our projections generally assume a gradual improvement in
market conditions over time, along with a gradual increase in
costs. These gradual increases begin in either 2009 or 2010,
depending on the market. If communities are not recoverable based on
undiscounted cash flows, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the
amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the
assets. The fair value of a community is determined by discounting
management’s cash flow projections using an appropriate risk-adjusted interest
rate. As of December 31, 2007, we utilized discount rates ranging
from 12% to 15% in the above valuations. The discount rate used in
determining each asset’s fair value depends on the community’s projected life,
development stage, and the inherent risks associated with the related estimated
cash flow stream. For example, construction in progress inventory
which is closer to completion will generally require a lower discount rate than
land under development in communities consisting of multiple phases spanning
several years of development. We believe our assumptions on discount
rates are critical because the selection of a discount rate affects the
estimated fair value of the homesites within a community. A higher discount rate
reduces the estimated fair value of the homesites within the community, while a
lower discount rate increases the estimated fair value of the homesites within a
community.
Our
quarterly assessments reflect management’s estimates. However, if
homebuilding market conditions and our operating results change, or if the
current challenging market conditions continue for an extended period, future
results could differ materially from management’s judgments and
estimates.
Consolidated
Inventory Not Owned. We enter into land option agreements in
the ordinary course of business in order to secure land for the construction of
homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we
typically provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to
purchase land at different times in the future, usually at pre-determined
prices. If the entity holding the land under option is a variable
interest entity, the Company’s deposit (including letters of credit) represents
a variable interest in the entity, and we must use our judgment to determine if
we are the primary beneficiary of the entity. Factors considered in
determining whether we are the primary beneficiary include the amount of the
deposit in relation to the fair value of the land, the expected timing of our
purchase of the land, and assumptions about projected cash flows. We
consider our accounting policies with respect to determining whether we are the
primary beneficiary to be critical accounting policies due to the judgment
required.
We also
periodically enter into lot option arrangements with third-parties to whom we
have sold our raw land inventory. We evaluate these transactions in
accordance with SFAS No. 49, “Accounting for Product Financing Arrangements,” to
determine if we should record an asset and liability at the time we sell the
land and enter into the lot option contract.
Investment in
Unconsolidated Limited Liability Companies. We invest in
entities that acquire and develop land for distribution to us in connection with
our homebuilding operations. In our judgment, we have determined that
these entities generally do not meet the criteria of variable interest entities
because they have sufficient equity to finance their operations. We
must use our judgment to determine if we have substantive control over these
entities. If we were to determine that we have substantive control
over an entity, we would be required to consolidate the
entity. Factors considered in determining whether we have substantive
control or exercise significant influence over an entity include risk and reward
sharing, experience and financial condition of the other partners, voting
rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating decisions, and
continuing involvement. In the event an entity does not have
sufficient equity to finance its operations, we would be required to use
judgment to determine if we were the primary beneficiary of the variable
interest entity. We consider our accounting policies with respect to
determining whether we are the primary beneficiary or have substantive control
or exercise significant influenceover an
entity to be critical accounting policies due to the judgment
required. Based on the application of our accounting policies, these
entities are accounted for by the equity method of accounting.
In
accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method
of Investments In Common Stock,” and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.M,
“Other Than Temporary Impairment of Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities,” the Company evaluates its investment in unconsolidated limited
liability companies (“LLCs”) for potential impairment on a quarterly
basis. If the fair value of the investment is less than the
investment’s carrying value and the Company has determined that the decline in
value is other than temporary, the Company would write down the value of the
investment to fair value. The determination of whether an
investment’s
23
fair
value is less than the carrying value requires management to make certain
assumptions regarding the amount and timing of future contributions to the
limited liability company, the timing of distribution of lots to the Company
from the limited liability company, the projected fair value of the lots at the
time of distribution to the Company, and the estimated proceeds from, and timing
of, the sale of land or lots to third parties. In determining the
fair value of investments in unconsolidated LLCs, the Company evaluates the
projected cash flows associated with the LLC using a probability-weighted
approach based on the likelihood of different outcomes. As of
December 31, 2007, the Company used a discount rate of 15% in determining the
fair value of investments in unconsolidated LLCs. In addition to the
assumptions management must make to determine if the investment’s fair value is
less than the carrying value, management must also use judgment in determining
whether the impairment is other than temporary. The factors
management considers are: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the
market value has been less than cost; (2) the financial condition and near-term
prospects of the Company; and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to
retain its investment in the limited liability company for a period of time
sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. In
situations where the investments are 100% equity financed by the partners, and
the joint venture simply distributes lots to its partners, the Company evaluates
“other than temporary” by preparing an undiscounted cash flow model as described
in inventories above for operating communities. If such model results
in positive value versus carrying value, the Company determines that the
impairment is temporary; otherwise, the Company determines that the impairment
is other than temporary and impairs the investment. Because of the
high degree of judgment involved in developing these assumptions, it is possible
that the Company may determine the investment is not impaired in the current
period but, due to passage of time or change in market conditions leading to
changes in assumptions, impairment could occur.
Guarantees and
Indemnities. Guarantee and indemnity liabilities are
established by charging the applicable income statement or balance sheet line,
depending on the nature of the guarantee or indemnity, and crediting a
liability. M/I Financial provides a limited-life guarantee on loans
sold to certain third parties and estimates its actual liability related to the
guarantee and any indemnities subsequently provided to the purchaser of the
loans in lieu of loan repurchase based on historical loss
experience. Actual future costs associated with loans guaranteed or
indemnified could differ materially from our current estimated
amounts. The Company has also provided certain other guarantees and
indemnifications in connection with the purchase and development of land,
including environmental indemnifications, guarantees of the completion of land
development, a loan maintenance and limited payment guaranty and minimum net
worth guarantees of certain subsidiaries. The Company estimates these
liabilities based on the estimated cost of insurance coverage or estimated cost
of acquiring a bond in the amount of the exposure. Actual future
costs associated with these guarantees and indemnifications could differ
materially from our current estimated amounts.
Warranty. Warranty
accruals are established by charging cost of sales and crediting a warranty
accrual for each home closed. The amounts charged are estimated by
management to be adequate to cover expected warranty-related costs for materials
and outside labor required under the Company’s warranty programs. Accruals
are recorded for warranties under the following warranty programs:
●
|
Home Builder's Limited Warranty - new warranty program which became effective for homes closed starting with the third quarter of 2007; |
●
|
30-year transferable structural warranty- effective for homes closed after April 25, 1998; |
●
|
two-year limited warranty program - effective prior to the implementationo f the Home Builder's Limited Warranty; and |
●
|
20-year transferable structural warranty - effective for homes closed between September 1, 1989 and April 24, 1998. |
The
warranty accruals for the Home Builder’s Limited Warranty and two-year limited
warranty program are established as a percentage of average sales price, and the
structural warranty accruals are established on a per unit basis. Our
warranty accruals are based upon historical experience by geographic area and
recent trends. Factors that are given consideration in determining
the accruals include: (1) the historical range of amounts paid per average sales
price on a home; (2) type and mix of amenity packages added to the home; (3) any
warranty expenditures included
in the above not considered to be normal and recurring; (4) timing of payments;
(5) improvements in quality of construction expected to impact future warranty
expenditures; (6) actuarial estimates which reflect both Company and industry
data; and (7) conditions that may affect certain projects and require a
different percentage of average sales price for those specific
projects.
Changes
in estimates for warranties occur due to changes in the historical payment
experience and differences between the actual payment pattern experienced during
the period and the historical payment pattern used in our evaluation of the
warranty accrual balance at the end of each quarter. Actual future
warranty costs could differ from our current estimated amount.
24
Self-insurance. Self-insurance
accruals are made for estimated liabilities associated with employee health
care, Ohio workers’ compensation and general liability insurance. Our
self-insurance limit for employee health care is $250,000 per claim per year for
fiscal 2007, with stop loss insurance covering amounts in excess of $250,000 up
to $2,000,000 per claim per year. Our self-insurance limit for
workers’ compensation is $400,000 per claim with stop loss insurance covering
all amounts in excess of this limit. The accruals related to employee
health care and workers’ compensation are based on historical experience and
open cases. Our general liability claims are insured by a third
party; the Company generally has a $7.5 million deductible per occurrence and
$18.25 million in the aggregate, with lower deductibles for certain types of
claims. The Company records a general liability accrual for claims
falling below the Company’s deductible. The general liability accrual
estimate is based on an actuarial evaluation of our past history of claims and
other industry specific factors. The Company has recorded expenses
totaling $3.8 million, $7.0 million and $6.4 million, respectively, for all
self-insured and general liability claims during the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005. Because of the high degree of judgment required
in determining these estimated accrual amounts, actual future costs could differ
from our current estimated amounts.
Stock-Based
Compensation. We account for stock-based compensation in
accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share Based Payment,” which
requires that companies measure and recognize compensation expense at an amount
equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted under compensation
arrangements. We calculate the fair value of stock options using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model. Determining the fair value of
share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment in developing
assumptions, which involve a number of variables. These variables
include, but are not limited to, the expected stock price volatility over the
term of the awards, the expected dividend yield, and the expected term of the
option. In addition, we also use judgment in estimating the number of
share-based awards that are expected to be forfeited.
Derivative
Financial Instruments. To meet financing needs of our
home-buying customers, M/I Financial is party to interest rate lock commitments
(“IRLCs”), which are extended to customers who have applied for a mortgage loan
and meet certain defined credit and underwriting criteria. These
IRLCs are considered derivative financial instruments under SFAS No. 133,
“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS
133”). M/I Financial manages interest rate risk related to its IRLCs
and mortgage loans held for sale through the use of forward sales of
mortgage-backed securities (“FMBSs”), use of best-efforts whole loan delivery
commitments and the occasional purchase of options on FMBSs in accordance with
Company policy. These FMBSs, options on FMBSs and IRLCs covered by
FMBSs are considered non-designated derivatives. In determining fair
value of IRLCs, M/I Financial considers the value of the resulting loan if sold
in the secondary market. That value includes the price that the loan
is expected to be sold for along with the value of excess
servicing. Neither servicing release premiums nor net normal
servicing cash flows are included in determining the value. This
determines the initial fair value, which is indexed to zero at
inception. Subsequent to inception, M/I Financial estimates an
updated fair value which is compared to the initial fair value. In
addition, M/I Financial uses fallout estimates which fluctuate based on the rate
of the IRLC in relation to current rates. In accordance with SFAS 133
and related Derivatives Implementation Group conclusions, gains or losses are
recorded in financial services revenue. Certain IRLCs and mortgage
loans held for sale are committed to third party investors through the use of
best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments. In accordance with SFAS
133, the IRLCs and related best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments, which
generally are highly effective from an economic standpoint, are considered
non-designated derivatives and are accounted for at fair value with gains or
losses recorded in financial services revenue. Under the terms of
these best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments covering mortgage loans held
for sale, the specific committed mortgage loans held for sale are identified and
matched to specific delivery commitments on a loan-by-loan basis. The
delivery commitments are designated as fair value hedges of the mortgage loans
held for sale, and both the delivery commitments and loans held for sale are
recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in financial
services revenue.
Income
Taxes—Valuation
Allowance. In accordance
with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”), a valuation
allowance is recorded against a deferred tax asset if, based on the weight of
available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not (a likelihood of more than 50%)
that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. The
realization of a deferred tax asset ultimately depends on the existence of
sufficient taxable income in either
the carryback or carryforward periods under tax law. The four sources of taxable
income to be considered in determining whether a valuation allowance is required
include:
●
|
future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (i.e., offset
gross deferred tax assets against gross deferred tax
liabilities);
|
●
|
taxable income in prior carryback years;
|
●
|
tax planning strategies; and
|
●
|
future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and
carryforwards.
|
25
Determining
whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is necessary requires an
analysis of both positive and negative evidence regarding realization of the
deferred tax assets. Examples of positive evidence may include:
●
|
a strong
earnings history exclusive of the loss that created the deductible
temporary differences, coupled with evidence indicating that the loss is
the result of an aberration rather than a continuing
condition;
|
●
|
an excess
of appreciated asset value over the tax basis of a company's net
assets in an amount sufficient to realize the deferred tax asset;
and
|
●
|
existing backlog
that will produce more than enough taxable income to realize the deferred
tax asset based on existing sales prices and cost
structures.
|
Examples
of negative evidence may include:
●
|
the existence of "cumulative losses" (defined as a pre-tax cumulative loss for the business cycle - in our case four years); |
●
|
an expectation of being in a cumulative loss position in a future reporting period; |
●
|
a carryback or carryforward period that is so brief that it would limit the realization of tax benefits; |
●
|
a history of operating loss or tax credit carryforwads expiring unused; and |
●
|
unsettled circumstances that, if unfavorable resolved, would adversely affect future operations and profit levels on a continuing basis. |
The
weight given to the potential effect of negative and positive evidence should be
commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. A company
must use judgment in considering the relative impact of positive and negative
evidence. At December 31, 2007, after considering a number of factors, most
notably our strong earnings history, we did not establish a valuation allowance
except for $250,000 related to the phase out of income taxes in the state of
Ohio.
Future
adjustments to our deferred tax asset valuation allowance will be
determined based upon changes in the expected realization of our net deferred
tax assets. For example, the valuation allowance could change
significantly if the $67.9 million of net deferred tax assets remaining at
December 31, 2007 is not realized during fiscal 2008 through federal
or state carryback or reversals of existing taxable temporary differences.
This could occur if actual levels of home closings and/or land sales
during 2008 are less than currently projected. Additionally, our
determination with respect to recording a valuation allowance may be further
impacted by, among other things:
●
|
additional inventory impairments; |
●
|
additional pre-tax operating losses; or |
●
|
the utlization of tax planning strategies that could accelerate the realization of certain deferred tax assets. |
Because a
valuation allowance can be impacted by any one or a combination of the foregoing
factors, we do not believe it is possible to develop a meaningful sensitivity
analysis associated with potential adjustments to the valuation allowance on our
deferred tax assets. Additionally, due to the considerable estimates utilized in
establishing a valuation allowance and the potential for changes in facts and
circumstances in future reporting periods, it is reasonably possible that we
will be required to either increase or decrease our valuation allowance in
future reporting periods.
Income
Taxes—FIN 48. The Company
evaluates tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken in tax
returns, and records the associated tax benefit or liability in accordance with
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes”. Tax positions are recognized when it is
more-likely-than-not that the tax position would be sustained upon
examination. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of
benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon
settlement. Interest and penalties for all uncertain tax positions
are recorded within (Benefit) Provision for Income Taxes in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations.
RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
|
In
conformity with SFAS No. 131, “Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and
Related Information” (“SFAS 131”), the Company’s segment information is
presented on the basis that the chief operating decision makers use in
evaluating segment performance. The Company’s chief operating
decision makers evaluate the Company’s performance in various ways, including:
(1) the results of our ten individual homebuilding operating segments and the
results of the financial services operation; (2) the results of our three
homebuilding regions; and (3) our consolidated financial results. We
have determined our reportable segments in accordance with SFAS 131 as follows:
Midwest homebuilding, Florida homebuilding, Mid-Atlantic homebuilding and
financial services operations. The homebuilding operating segments
that are included within each reportable segment have similar operations and
exhibit similar economic characteristics, and therefore meet the aggregation
criteria in SFAS 131.
26
Our
homebuilding operations include the acquisition and development of land, the
sale and construction of single-family attached and detached homes, and the
occasional sale of lots and land to third parties. The homebuilding
operating segments that comprise each of our reportable segments are as
follows:
Midwest
|
Florida
(2)
|
Mid-Atlantic
|
Columbus,
Ohio
|
Tampa,
Florida
|
Maryland
|
Cincinnati,
Ohio
|
Orlando,
Florida
|
Virginia
|
Indianapolis,
Indiana
|
Charlotte,
North Carolina
|
|
Chicago,
Illinois (1)
|
Raleigh,
North Carolina
|
|
(1)
The Company announced its entry into the Chicago market during the second
quarter of 2007, and has not purchased any land or sold or closed any
homes in this market as of December 31,
2007.
|
|
(2) In
December 2007, we sold substantially all of our assets in our West Palm
Beach, Florida market and announced our exit from this
market. The results of operations for this segment for all
years presented have been reclassified as discontinued operations in
accordance with SFAS 144 are not included in this
segment.
|
The
financial services operations include the origination and sale of mortgage loans
and title and insurance agency services for purchasers of the Company’s
homes.
Highlights
and Trends for the Year Ended December 31, 2007
Overview
The
housing market continued to deteriorate throughout 2007. Consumer confidence in
housing declined, while the mortgage market began to experience a severe
tightening, reducing financing availability, which in turn
exacerbated existing conditions, lowering demand and new
contracts. The overall market became more and more competitive as the
year progressed, and we experienced a great deal of downward pricing through the
use of incentives, price reductions and incentivized brokerage
fees. Excess inventory of new and existing homes and weakening demand
continue to impact us in virtually all of our markets. All of these
factors have led to further price competition and margin compression in all of
our markets. As a result of these conditions, we incurred impairment charges
related to both inventory and investments on continuing operations of $148.4
million. These charges by region were as follows: Midwest - $8.1
million, Florida - $86.5 million and Mid-Atlantic - $53.8 million. We
also incurred an additional $58.9 million of inventory impairments in West Palm
Beach, Florida, a market we exited in December 2007 and are treating as a
discontinued operation for all periods presented in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. In addition to these impairment
charges, we wrote off $3.6 million related to abandoned land transactions and
$5.2 million of intangible assets, and incurred $5.4 million of severance
costs. However, in the midst of these unprecedented industry
conditions, we believe we have made progress on a number of fronts during the
year to better position us for the future:
●
|
We
reduced our owned inventory position by 30%, generating cash from land
sales of $83 million and net cash from operations of $119
million. As a result of our land sales, we were able to
monetize the loss on sale using carry backs for federal income tax
purposes and received a $50 million tax refund in the first quarter of
2008.
|
●
|
We
completed a $100 million preferred share offering in 2007’s first quarter,
which we believe improves our overall capital
structure.
|
●
|
As
a result of the first two actions, our homebuilding net debt to capital
ratio now stands at 33% versus 44% a year ago. We plan to
further reduce our inventory of owned lots with additional land sales, and
limit land and lot purchases and land development spending. We
expect to generate positive cash flow during 2008 and completely pay off
the debt under our homebuilding credit facility by the end of
2008. The remaining $200 million aggregate principal amount of
our senior notes is not due until 2012.
|
●
|
We reduced, and continue to reduce overhead, in an effort to be "right-sized" for anticipated lower volume levels. While it has been challenging to stay ahead of rapidly adjusting market conditions and resulting revenue reductions, we have reduced our workforce to date by over 40% from our peak in early 2006. |
27
Key Financial
Results
●
|
For
the year ended December 31, 2007, total revenue decreased $257.7 million
(20%) from 2006 due to a decrease in housing revenue from $1.2 billion to
$939.5 million. The decrease in housing revenue was due to a
19% decrease in homes delivered to 3,173 in 2007 from 3,901 in 2006 and a
decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered of 4%, from
$308,000 in 2006 to $296,000 in 2007. Revenue from the sale of
land to outside parties increased $9.5 million (19%) from $48.9 million in
2006 to $58.3 million in 2007. Our financial services revenue
decreased 30% from $27.1 million in 2006 to $19.1 million in 2007 due to a
14% decrease in loan originations, from 2,729 in 2006 to 2,340 in
2007. We currently estimate 2008 homes delivered to be
approximately 2,500, with regional breakdown of 50% in the Midwest, 20% in
Florida and 30% in the Mid-Atlantic region.
|
●
|
For
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, our gross margin percentages
were 3.5% and 19.4%, respectively. Excluding impairment charges
referred to above and 2006 impairment charges, our gross margin
percentages for 2007 and 2006 were 18.1% and 24.7%, respectively. Gross
margin percentage excluding impairment charges is a non-GAAP financial
measure disclosed by certain of our competitors and has been presented by
us because we find it useful in evaluating our operating performance and
believe that it helps readers of our financial statements compare our
operations with those of our competitors.
|
●
|
Income
before taxes decreased $196.2 million, from income of $45.3 million in
2006 to a loss of ($150.9) million in 2007. The decrease was
driven by the $148.4 million of charges relating to the impairment of
inventory and investments in unconsolidated LLCs in certain of our
markets. Partially offsetting the decrease in income before
taxes was the decrease in general and administrative expenses of $5.2
million largely driven by a reduction of payroll due to reduced headcount,
and a decrease in selling expenses of $10.3 million due to a reduction in
variable selling expenses (sales commissions and realtor commissions) and
advertising expenses as a result of volume declines.
|
●
|
New
contracts for 2007 were down 12%, from 2,800 in 2006 to 2,452 in
2007. As a result of deteriorating market conditions, all of
our regions experienced reduced traffic levels, weaker demand, an
over-supply of inventory and significant competitor
discounting. Despite the current conditions, we saw a decrease
in our cancellation rate, which was 32.7% for the year ended December 31,
2007 compared to 36.8% for the same period in 2006. As a result
of the continued softened market conditions and oversupply of inventory,
we experienced an 18% decrease in new contracts in our Florida region and
a 21% decline in new contracts in our Midwest region. Our
Mid-Atlantic region new contracts increased 12% due primarily to sales
results in our Raleigh and Washington, D.C. markets.
|
●
|
As
a result of lower refinance volume for outside lenders and increased
competition, during 2008 we expect to experience continued pressure on our
mortgage company’s capture rate, which was approximately 79% during 2007
and 80% during 2006. This could continue to negatively impact
earnings.
|
●
|
As
discussed above, we are experiencing changes in market conditions that
require us to constantly monitor the value of our inventories and
investments in unconsolidated LLCs in those markets in which we operate,
in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we
recorded $148.4 million of charges relating to the impairment of inventory
and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and $58.9 million of inventory
impairment on our discontinued operation. We generally believe
that we will see a gradual improvement in market conditions beginning in
2009. During 2008, we will continue to update our
evaluation of the value of our inventories and investments for impairment,
and could be required to record additional impairment charges, which would
negatively impact earnings, should market conditions deteriorate further
or results differ from management’s assumptions.
|
●
|
Our
effective income tax rate for 2007 was 38.7%, compared to 35.3% for
2006. The increase in the effective rate is primarily due to
the impact of losing the Section 199 deduction taken in previous years
that is now disallowed as a result of our loss position and our carryback
to those years. Refer to Note 19 to our Consolidated
Financial Statements for further information regarding our income
taxes.
|
28
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Revenue:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 358,441 | $ | 493,156 | $ | 650,689 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
312,930 | 496,998 | 347,372 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
326,451 | 260,059 | 286,926 | ||||||
Other
homebuilding – unallocated (a)
|
(424 | ) | 647 | 6,622 | |||||
Financial
services
|
19,062 | 27,125 | 28,635 | ||||||
Intercompany
eliminations
|
- | (3,840 | ) | (7,740 | ) | ||||
Total
revenue
|
$ | 1,016,460 | $ | 1,274,145 | $ | 1,312,504 | |||
Operating
income (loss):
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding (b)
|
$ | (10,377 | ) | $ | 897 | $ | 74,652 | ||
Florida
homebuilding (b)
|
(63,117 | ) | 100,390 | 58,337 | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding (b)
|
(43,547 | ) | (21,955 | ) | 46,601 | ||||
Other
homebuilding – unallocated (a)
|
386 | 156 | 1,234 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
8,517 | 15,816 | 18,420 | ||||||
Less:
Corporate selling, general and administrative expense (c)
|
(27,395 | ) | (34,191 | ) | (27,804 | ) | |||
Total
operating (loss) income
|
$ | (135,533 | ) | $ | 61,113 | $ | 171,440 | ||
Interest
expense:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 4,788 | $ | 6,408 | $ | 6,793 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
5,877 | 4,609 | 2,637 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
3,815 | 4,384 | 3,754 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
636 | 406 | 371 | ||||||
Corporate
|
227 | - | - | ||||||
Total
interest expense
|
$ | 15,343 | $ | 15,807 | $ | 13,555 | |||
(Loss)
income from continuing operations before income taxes
|
$ | (150,876 | ) | $ | 45,306 | $ | 157,885 | ||
Assets:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 356,958 | $ | 432,572 | $ | 467,824 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
252,324 | 426,806 | 310,619 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
276,895 | 349,929 | 299,789 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
59,658 | 61,145 | 77,111 | ||||||
Corporate
|
157,212 | 110,661 | 79,732 | ||||||
Assets
of discontinued operation
|
14,598 | 95,966 | 94,603 | ||||||
Total
assets
|
$ | 1,117,645 | $ | 1,477,079 | $ | 1,329,678 | |||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 15,705 | $ | 17,570 | $ | 20,160 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
24,638 | 32,078 | 29,750 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
- | - | - | ||||||
Financial
services
|
- | - | 19 | ||||||
Total
investment in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | 40,343 | $ | 49,648 | $ | 49,929 | |||
Depreciation
and amortization:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 543 | $ | 182 | $ | 148 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
1,603 | 1,689 | 834 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
849 | 244 | 46 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
498 | 383 | 88 | ||||||
Corporate
|
4,495 | 4,229 | 3,381 | ||||||
Total
depreciation and amortization
|
$ | 7,988 | $ | 6,727 | $ | 4,497 |
(a) Other
homebuilding – unallocated consists of the net impact in the period due to
timing of homes delivered with low down-payment loans (buyers put less than 5%
down) funded by the Company’s financial services operations not yet sold to a
third party. In accordance with SFAS 66 and SFAS 140, recognition of
such revenue must be deferred until the related loan is sold to a third
party.
(b) The
years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006 include the impact of charges relating
to the impairment of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and the
write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs of $152.0 million and $74.2
million, respectively. These charges reduced operating income by $8.8
million and $25.0 million in the Midwest region, $88.3 million and $7.3 million
in the Florida region, and $54.9 million and $41.9 million in the Mid-Atlantic
region, respectively.
(c) The
years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006 include the impact of severance charges
of $5.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively. The Company did not
have any severance charges in 2005. The year ended December 31, 2007
also includes the write-off of $5.2 million of intangibles.
29
Seasonality
and Variability in Quarterly Results
We have
experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant seasonality and
quarter-to-quarter variability in homebuilding activity levels. In
general, homes delivered increase substantially in the third and fourth
quarters.
We
believe that this seasonality reflects the tendency of homebuyers to shop for a
new home in the spring with the goal of closing in the fall or winter, as well
as the scheduling of construction to accommodate seasonal weather
conditions. We also have experienced, and expect to continue to
experience, seasonality in our financial services operations, because loan
originations correspond with the delivery of homes in our homebuilding
operations. The following table reflects this cycle for the Company
during the four quarters of 2007 and 2006:
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||
December
31,
|
September
30,
|
June
30,
|
March
31,
|
||||
2007
|
2007
|
2007
|
2007
|
||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
|||
Revenue
|
$340,460
|
$232,983
|
$226,448
|
$216,569
|
|||
Unit
data:
|
|||||||
New
contracts
|
293
|
546
|
682
|
931
|
|||
Homes
delivered
|
984
|
765
|
738
|
686
|
|||
Backlog
at end of period
|
712
|
1,403
|
1,622
|
1,678
|
|||
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||
December
31,
|
September
30,
|
June
30,
|
March
31,
|
||||
2006
|
2006
|
2006
|
2006
|
||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
|||
Revenue
|
$442,979
|
$296,414
|
$305,966
|
$228,786
|
|||
Unit
data:
|
|||||||
New
contracts
|
381
|
575
|
747
|
1,097
|
|||
Homes
delivered
|
1,275
|
903
|
970
|
753
|
|||
Backlog
at end of period
|
1,433
|
2,327
|
2,655
|
2,878
|
A home is
included in “new contracts” when our standard sales contract is
executed. “Homes delivered” represents homes for which the closing of
the sale has occurred. “Backlog” represents homes for which the
standard sales contract has been executed, but which are not included in homes
delivered because closings for these homes have not yet occurred as of the end
of the period specified.
30
Reportable
Segments
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Midwest
Region
|
||||||||
Homes
delivered
|
1,436 | 1,821 | 2,388 | |||||
Average
sales price per home delivered
|
$ | 247 | $ | 265 | $ | 268 | ||
Revenue
homes
|
$ | 354,000 | $ | 481,773 | $ | 639,820 | ||
Revenue
third party land sales
|
$ | 4,441 | $ | 11,383 | $ | 10,869 | ||
Operating
(loss) income homes (a)
|
$ | (10,665 | ) | $ | 2,574 | $ | 72,591 | |
Operating
income (loss) land (a)
|
$ | 288 | $ | (1,677 | ) | $ | 2,061 | |
Interest
expense
|
$ | 4,788 | $ | 6,408 | $ | 6,793 | ||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
$ | 543 | $ | 182 | $ | 148 | ||
Assets
|
$ | 356,958 | $ | 432,572 | $ | 467,824 | ||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | 15,705 | $ | 17,570 | $ | 20,160 | ||
New
contracts, net
|
1,195 | 1,513 | 2,018 | |||||
Backlog
at end of period
|
391 | 632 | 940 | |||||
Average
sales price of homes in backlog
|
$ | 273 | $ | 274 | $ | 288 | ||
Aggregate
sales value of homes in backlog
|
$ | 107,000 | $ | 173,000 | $ | 271,000 | ||
Number
of active communities
|
76 | 83 | 86 | |||||
Florida
Region
|
||||||||
Homes
delivered
|
877 | 1,389 | 1,166 | |||||
Average
sales price per home delivered
|
$ | 313 | $ | 333 | $ | 283 | ||
Revenue
homes
|
$ | 274,297 | $ | 462,316 | $ | 329,650 | ||
Revenue
third party land sales
|
$ | 38,633 | $ | 34,682 | $ | 17,722 | ||
Operating
(loss) income homes (a)
|
$ | (28,071 | ) | $ | 89,614 | $ | 55,866 | |
Operating
(loss) income land (a)
|
$ | (35,046 | ) | $ | 10,776 | $ | 2,471 | |
Interest
expense
|
$ | 5,877 | $ | 4,609 | $ | 2,637 | ||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
$ | 1,603 | $ | 1,689 | $ | 834 | ||
Assets
|
$ | 252,324 | $ | 426,806 | $ | 310,619 | ||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | 24,638 | $ | 32,078 | $ | 29,750 | ||
New
contracts, net
|
505 | 615 | 1,392 | |||||
Backlog
at end of period
|
121 | 493 | 1,267 | |||||
Average
sales price of homes in backlog
|
$ | 292 | $ | 371 | $ | 334 | ||
Aggregate
sales value of homes in backlog
|
$ | 35,000 | $ | 183,000 | $ | 423,000 | ||
Number
of active communities
|
34 | 41 | 28 | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
Region
|
||||||||
Homes
delivered
|
860 | 691 | 642 | |||||
Average
sales price per home delivered
|
$ | 362 | $ | 372 | $ | 424 | ||
Revenue
homes
|
$ | 311,195 | $ | 257,244 | $ | 272,191 | ||
Revenue
third party land sales
|
$ | 15,256 | $ | 2,815 | $ | 14,735 | ||
Operating
(loss) income homes (a)
|
$ | (31,264 | ) | $ | (21,958 | ) | $ | 43,848 |
Operating
(loss) income land (a)
|
$ | (12,283 | ) | $ | 3 | $ | 2,753 | |
Interest
expense
|
$ | 3,815 | $ | 4,384 | $ | 3,754 | ||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
$ | 849 | $ | 244 | $ | 46 | ||
Assets
|
$ | 276,895 | $ | 349,929 | $ | 299,789 | ||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | - | $ | - | - | |||
New
contracts, net
|
752 | 672 | 687 | |||||
Backlog
at end of period
|
200 | 308 | 327 | |||||
Average
sales price of homes in backlog
|
$ | 388 | $ | 415 | $ | 431 | ||
Aggregate
sales value of homes in backlog
|
$ | 78,000 | $ | 128,000 | $ | 141,000 | ||
Number
of active communities
|
36 | 34 | 32 | |||||
|
||||||||
Total
Homebuilding Regions
|
||||||||
Homes
delivered
|
3,173 | 3,901 | 4,196 | |||||
Average
sales price per home delivered
|
$ | 296 | $ | 308 | $ | 296 | ||
Revenue
homes
|
$ | 939,492 | $ | 1,201,333 | $ | 1,241,661 | ||
Revenue
third party land sales
|
$ | 58,330 | $ | 48,880 | $ | 43,326 | ||
Operating
(loss) income homes (a)
|
$ | (70,000 | ) | $ | 70,230 | $ | 172,305 | |
Operating
(loss) income land (a)
|
$ | (47,041 | ) | $ | 9,102 | $ | 7,285 | |
Interest
expense
|
$ | 14,480 | $ | 15,401 | $ | 13,184 | ||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
$ | 2,995 | $ | 2,115 | $ | 1,028 | ||
Assets
|
$ | 886,177 | $ | 1,209,307 | $ | 1,078,232 | ||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | 40,343 | $ | 49,648 | $ | 49,910 | ||
New
contracts, net
|
2,452 | 2,800 | 4,097 | |||||
Backlog at end of period | 712 | 1,433 | 2.534 | |||||
Average sales price of homes in backlog | $ | 308 | $ | 338 | $ | 330 | ||
Aggregate sales value of homes in backlog | $ | 220,000 | $ | 484,000 | $ | 835,000 | ||
Number of active communities | 146 | 158 | 146 |
31
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Financial
Services
|
||||||||
Number
of loans originated
|
2,340 | 2,729 | 2,959 | |||||
Value
of loans originated
|
$ | 586,520 | $ | 666,863 | $ | 666,684 | ||
Revenue
|
$ | 19,062 | $ | 27,125 | $ | 28,635 | ||
General
and administrative expenses
|
$ | 10,545 | $ | 11,309 | $ | 10,215 | ||
Interest
expense
|
$ | 636 | $ | 406 | $ | 371 | ||
Income
before income taxes
|
$ | 7,881 | $ | 15,410 | $ | 18,049 |
(a) Amount
includes impairment charges for 2007 and 2006 as follows:
December
31,
|
|||||
2007
|
2006
|
||||
Midwest:
|
|||||
Homes
|
$ | 8,803 | $ | 23,099 | |
Land
|
- | 1,921 | |||
Florida:
|
|||||
Homes
|
78,392 | 7,249 | |||
Land
|
9,878 | - | |||
Mid-Atlantic:
|
|||||
Homes
|
54,574 | 41,906 | |||
Land
|
342 | - | |||
Total
|
|||||
Homes
|
$ | 141,769 | $ | 72,254 | |
Land
|
$ | 10,220 | $ | 1,921 |
Year Ended December 31, 2007
Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
Midwest
Region. For the year ended December 31, 2007, Midwest
homebuilding revenue was $358.4 million, a 27% decrease compared to 2006’s
homebuilding revenue of $493.2 million. The revenue decrease was
primarily due to the 21% decrease in the number of homes
delivered. For the year ended December 31, 2007, the Midwest region
had an operating loss of $10.4 million (3% of revenue) compared to income of
$0.9 million (0.2% of revenue) in 2006. The $11.3 million decrease in
operating income was the result of fewer homes delivered and a reduction in
profit due to sales incentives offered to customers. In addition, the
decrease in operating income was due to an $8.8 million charge relating to the
impairment of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and the write-off
of certain land and lot deposits and pre-acquisition costs in our Midwest
region. For 2007, the Midwest region’s new contracts declined 21%
compared to 2006 due to softness in market conditions in the
Midwest. Year end backlog declined 38% in units and 38% in total
sales value, with an average sales price in backlog of $273,000 at December 31,
2007 compared to $274,000 at December 31, 2006. Market conditions in
the Midwest are very challenging, and we anticipate these challenging conditions
will continue throughout 2008.
Florida
Region. For
the year ended December 31, 2007, Florida homebuilding revenue decreased from
$497.0 million in 2006 to $312.9 million in 2007, a decrease of
37%. The decrease in revenue is primarily due to a 37% decrease in
the number of homes delivered in 2007 compared to 2006, along with a decrease in
the average sales price, from $333,000 in 2006 to $313,000 in
2007. There was an increase of $3.9 million in revenue from the sale
of land to third parties, from $34.7 million in 2006 to $38.6 million in
2007. Operating income decreased $163.5 million, from $100.4 million
of income in 2006 to a loss of $63.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2007, with 2007 including an $88.3 million charge relating to the impairment of
inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and the write-off of certain
land and lot deposits and pre-acquisition costs in our Florida
region. For 2007, our Florida region’s new contracts decreased 18%,
from 615 in 2006 to 505 in 2007, primarily due to the current oversupply of
inventory driven by many investors exiting the market and the resulting impact
on consumer confidence. Management anticipates even more challenging
conditions in our Florida markets in 2008 based on the decrease in backlog units
from 493 at the end of 2006 compared to 121 at the end of 2007, and a decrease
in the average sales price of the homes in backlog from $371,000 at December 31,
2006 to $292,000 at December 31, 2007.
32
Mid-Atlantic
Region. In
our Mid-Atlantic region, homebuilding revenue increased $66.4 million (26%) for
the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006, where
revenue increased from $260.1 million to $326.5 million. Driving this
increase was an increase in homes delivered of 24%, from 691 in 2006 to 860 in
2007. Revenue from the sale of land to outside parties increased
$12.4 million, also contributing to the increase in homebuilding
revenue. Partially offsetting the increase was a decrease in the
average sales price of homes delivered from $372,000 in 2006 to $362,000 in
2007. The decrease in the average sales price of home delivered
primarily relates to the sales discounts being offered in our Washington, D.C.
market, which has lowered the average sales price of our homes in that
market. Our Mid-Atlantic region had an operating loss of $43.6
million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to an operating loss of
$22.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This decrease in
operating income was primarily due to a $54.9 million charge relating to the
impairment of inventory and the write-off of certain land and lot deposits and
pre-acquisition costs in our Mid-Atlantic region. New contracts
increased 12% to 752 for the year ended December 31, 2007, while year end
backlog units decreased 35% to 200 for that same period.
Financial
Services. For the year ended December 31, 2007, revenue from
our mortgage and title operations decreased $8.1 million (30%), from $27.1
million in 2006 to $19.1 million in 2007, due to a 14% decrease in loan
originations from 2,729 in 2006 to 2,340 in 2007. The total value of
loans originated also decreased from $666.9 million in 2006 to $586.5 million in
2007. At December 31, 2007, M/I Financial had mortgage operations in
all of our markets except for Chicago. Approximately 79% of our homes
delivered during 2007 that were financed were through M/I Financial, compared to
80% in 2006. General and administrative expenses decreased $0.8
million due to a decrease in payroll and incentive-related costs due to
headcount reductions in response to the current market conditions.
Corporate
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Corporate general
and administrative expenses decreased $6.4 million (20%), from $32.8 million in
2006 to $26.4 million in 2007, due to a decrease of $6.6 million in payroll and
profit-based incentive compensation as a result of the decline in our overall
operating results when compared to 2006. Corporate selling expense
decreased $0.5 million from 2006 due to a decrease in training expenses of $0.5
million in 2007.
Interest. Interest
expense decreased $0.5 million (3%) from $15.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006 to $15.3 million for the year ended December 31,
2007. The primary reason for this decrease was the $7.3 million
decrease in interest incurred due to a decrease in our weighted average
borrowings of $129.1 million in 2007 when compared to 2006. This
decrease was almost entirely offset by a $6.8 million decrease in the amount of
interest capitalized due to a decrease in housing construction and land
development activities and an increase in our weighted average borrowing rate
from 7.25% in 2006 to 7.58% in 2007.
Income
Taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for 2007 was 38.7%
compared to the effective tax rate for 2006 of 35.3% as discussed above under
“Highlights and Trends for the Year Ended December 31, 2007” and in Note 19 to
our Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the Company has
an income tax receivable of $53.7 million due primarily to the net operating
loss carrybacks for federal income taxes that should be received in the first
quarter of 2008.
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Midwest
Region. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Midwest
homebuilding revenue was $493.2 million, a 24% decrease compared to
2005. The revenue decrease was primarily due to the 24% decrease in
the number of homes delivered. For the year ended December 31, 2006,
the Midwest operating income was $0.9 million (0.2% of revenue) compared to
$74.7 million (11.5% of revenue) in 2005. The 99% decrease in
operating income was the result of fewer homes delivered, a change in the mix of
products delivered and a reduction in profit due to sales incentives offered to
customers. In addition, the decrease in operating income was due to a
$25.0 million charge relating to the impairment of inventory and investment in
unconsolidated LLCs and the write-off of certain land and lot deposits and
pre-acquisition costs in our Midwest region. For 2006, the Midwest
region new contracts declined 25% compared to 2005 due to softness in market
conditions in the Midwest. Year end backlog declined 33% in units and
36% in total sales value, with an average sales price in backlog of $274,000 at
December, 31, 2006 compared to $288,000 at December 31, 2005.
Florida
Region. For
the year ended December 31, 2006, Florida homebuilding revenue increased to
$497.0 million, an increase of 43% compared to the same period in
2005. The increase in revenue was primarily due to a 19% increase in
the number of homes delivered in 2006 compared to 2005, along with an increase
in the average sales price, from $283,000 in 2005 to $333,000 in
2006. There was also an increase of $17.0 million in revenue from the
sale of land to third parties. Operating income increased $42.1
million, from $58.3 million in 2005 to $100.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006, with 2006 including an $7.2 million charge relating to
the
33
impairment
of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and the write-off of certain
land and lot deposits and pre-acquisition costs in our Florida
region. For 2006, our Florida region new contracts decreased 56%,
from 1,392 in 2005 to 615 in 2006, primarily due to the oversupply of inventory
driven by many investors exiting the market and the resulting impact on consumer
confidence. While the number of backlog units decreased, the average
sales price of the homes in backlog increased from $334,000 at December 31, 2005
to $371,000 at December 31, 2006.
Mid-Atlantic
Region. In
our Mid-Atlantic region, homebuilding revenue decreased $26.9 million (9%) for
the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the same period in
2005. Contributing to this decrease was a decrease of $11.9 million
in revenue from the sale of land to outside parties, along with a 12% decrease
in the average sales price of homes delivered, from $424,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2005 to $372,000 for the year ended December 31,
2006. The decrease in the average sales price of homes delivered
primarily related to the change in mix between markets, with more homes being
delivered in our North Carolina markets, which have a lower average sales price
than homes in our Washington, D.C. market. Operating income was $46.6
million for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to a loss of $22.0 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006. This decrease in operating
income was primarily due to a $41.9 million charge relating to the impairment of
inventory and the write-off of certain land and lot deposits and pre-acquisition
costs in our Mid-Atlantic region. New contracts decreased 2% to 672
for the year ended December 31, 2006, and year end backlog units decreased 6% to
308 for that same period.
Financial
Services. For the year ended December 31, 2006, revenue from
our mortgage and title operations decreased $1.5 million (5%), from $28.6
million in 2005 to $27.1 million in 2006, due to a decrease of 8% in loan
originations. At December 31, 2006, M/I Financial had mortgage
operations in all of our markets. Approximately 80% of our homes
delivered during 2006 that were financed were through M/I Financial, compared to
84% in 2005. General and administrative expenses increased $1.1
million due in part to an increase of $0.6 million in payroll and
incentive-related costs due to associates added for our new M/I Financial branch
that opened in the Washington, D.C. market, along with $0.2 million expense
associated with stock options, as required under SFAS 123(R), which did not
exist in 2005. There was also an increase of $0.3 million in
depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 relating primarily to
a new computer system.
Corporate
Selling, General and Administrative Expense. Corporate general
and administrative expenses increased $5.8 million (21%), from $27.0 million in
2005 to $32.8 million in 2006, primarily due to $7.0 million of severance and
separation costs related to workforce reductions, $0.5 million increase in
depreciation expense and $3.1 million for equity compensation not subject to
expensing in 2005. Offsetting the above increases were decreases of
$7.0 million for annual incentive compensation and $0.8 million for profit
sharing, primarily due to lower Company results in 2006 than
2005. Corporate selling expenses increased $0.6 million in 2006
compared to 2005 due primarily to an increase of $0.5 million in training
costs.
Interest. Interest
expense for the Company increased $2.2 million (17%) from $13.6 million for the
year ended December 31, 2005 to $15.8 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. The primary reason for this increase was a $17.3 million
increase in interest incurred due to the increase of $184.0 million in weighted
average borrowings in 2006 compared to 2005, along with the increase of our
weighted average borrowing rate from 6.19% in 2005 to 7.25% in
2006. These increases were partially offset by a $15.1 million
increase in the amount of interest capitalized in 2006 compared to 2005, due to
an increase in housing construction and land development
activities.
Income
Taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for 2006 was 35.3%
compared to the effective tax rate for 2005 of 37.6%. The reduction in
rate reflects differences in the location of state taxable income, clarification
of the amount of manufacturing credit available under the American Job Creation
Act of 2004, and the change in the State of Ohio income tax from one that is
income based to one that is based on gross receipts, the recording of which is
classified as general and administrative expense. In addition, deferred
income tax expense (benefit) also decreased $28.8 million from $0.6 million in
2005 to ($28.2) million in 2006, with this large change in deferred income taxes
resulting primarily from the charge for impairment of inventory and investment
in unconsolidated LLCs that is not deductible for tax purposes until the related
inventory is sold.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL
RESOURCES
Operating
Cash Flow Activities
During
the year ended December 31, 2007, we generated $202.2 million of cash from our
operating activities, as compared to using $104.0 million of cash in such
activities during 2006. The net cash generated during 2007 was
primarily a result of the $180.5 million net conversion of inventory into cash
as a result of home closings as well as land sales, which generated $83 million
of cash during 2007 versus $43 million in 2006, partially offset by $22.9
million of land purchases and approximately $100 million of land development
costs. Also contributing to cash
34
provided
by operating activities was a $37.7 million decrease in cash held in escrow
resulting from fewer escrowed closings at the end of 2007 when compared to the
end of 2006.
The
principal reason for the generation of cash from operations during 2007 compared
to our use of cash during 2006 was our defensive strategy to reduce our land
purchases to better match our forecasted number of home sales driven by
challenging market conditions. We are actively trying to reduce our
inventory levels further and maintain positive cash flow throughout
2008.
Investing
Cash Flow Activities
For the
year ended December 31, 2007, we used $13.9 million of cash through our
investing activities for additional investments in certain of our unconsolidated
LLCs and the purchase of property and equipment compared to $21.8 million in
2006.
Financing
Cash Flow Activities
For the
year ended December 31, 2007, we used $198.4 million of cash in our financing
activities. As discussed in greater detail below under the caption
“Financing Cash Flow Activities – Preferred Shares,” in the first quarter of
2007, we issued 4,000 preferred shares, generating net cash proceeds of $96.3
million. The proceeds from the issuance of these preferred shares,
along with cash generated from operations during 2007, were used to repay $284.5
million under our revolving credit facilities. During 2007, we paid a
total of $8.7 million in dividends, which includes $7.3 million in dividends
paid on the preferred shares.
Our
homebuilding and financial services operations financing needs depend on
anticipated sales volume in the current year as well as future years, inventory
levels and related turnover, forecasted land and lot purchases, and other
Company plans. We fund these operations with cash flows from
operating activities, borrowings under our bank credit facilities, which are
primarily unsecured, and, from time to time, issuances of new debt and/or equity
securities, as management deems necessary. As we utilize our capital
resources and liquidity to fund our operations, we constantly focus on the
impact on our balance sheet. We have incurred substantial
indebtedness, and may incur substantial indebtedness in the future, to fund our
homebuilding activities. During 2007, we purchased $22.9 million of
land and lots. We have entered into land option agreements in order
to secure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant
to these land option agreements, we have provided deposits to land sellers
totaling $9.1 million as of December 31, 2007 as consideration for the right to
purchase land and lots in the future, including the right to purchase $133.9
million of land and lots during the years 2008 through 2018. We
evaluate our future land purchases on an ongoing basis, taking into
consideration current and projected market conditions, and negotiate terms with
sellers, as necessary, based on market conditions and our existing land supply
by market. Based on our current financial condition and credit
relationships, we believe that our operations and borrowing resources will
provide for our current and long-term liquidity
requirements. However, we continue to evaluate the impact of market
conditions on our liquidity and may determine that modifications are necessary
if market conditions continue to deteriorate and extend beyond our
expectations. Please refer to our discussion of Forward-Looking
Statements on page 20 and Risk Factors beginning on page 11 of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of risk factors that could impact our
source of funds.
Included
in the table below is a summary of our available sources of cash as of December
31, 2007:
(In
thousands)
|
Expiration
Date
|
Outstanding
Balance
|
Available
Amount
|
Notes
payable banks – homebuilding (a)
|
10/6/2010
|
$115,000
|
$169,512
|
Note
payable bank – financial services
|
4/25/2008
|
$ 40,400
|
$ 14,972
|
Senior
notes
|
4/1/2012
|
$200,000
|
$
-
|
Universal
shelf registration (b)
|
-
|
$
-
|
$ 50,000
|
(a) As of
December 31, 2007, the Credit Facility (as defined below) also provides for an
additional $500 million of borrowing through the accordion feature upon request
by the Company and approval by the applicable lenders party to the Credit
Facility.
(b) This
shelf registration should allow us to expediently access capital markets in the
future. The timing and amount of offerings, if any, will depend on
market and general business conditions.
Notes Payable
Banks – Homebuilding. At December 31, 2007, the Company’s
homebuilding operations had borrowings totaling $115.0 million, financial
letters of credit totaling $20.1 million and performance letters of credit
totaling $25.1 million outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit
Facility dated October 6, 2006 (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit
Facility provides for a maximum borrowing amount of $500 million. Under the
terms of the Credit Facility, the $500 million capacity includes a maximum
amount of $100 million in outstanding letters of credit. Borrowing
availability is determined based on the lesser of: (1) Credit Facility loan
capacity less Credit Facility borrowings (including cash borrowings and letters
of credit) or (2) lesser of Credit Facility capacity
35
and
calculated borrowing base, less borrowing base indebtedness (including cash
borrowings under the Credit Facility, senior notes, financial letters of credit
and the 10% commitment on the MIF Credit Facility (as defined
below)). On August 28, 2007, we entered into the First Amendment (the
“First Amendment”) to the Credit Facility. Among other things, the
First Amendment amended the Credit Facility by: (1) reducing the
Aggregate Commitment (as defined therein) from $650 million to $500 million; (2)
incrementally reducing the required ratio of the Company’s consolidated EBITDA
(as defined therein) to consolidated interest incurred (the “Interest Coverage
Ratio” or “ICR”) beginning with the quarter ending December 31, 2007 and
continuing through the quarter ending March 31, 2009, and then slightly
increasing the ICR thereafter; (3) reducing the maximum permitted ratio of
indebtedness to consolidated tangible net worth (the “Leverage Ratio”) if the
ICR is less than 2.00 to 1.00, with the amount of the decrease dependent on the
amount by which the ICR is below 2.00 to 1.00; (4) increasing certain pricing
provisions when the ICR is less than 2.00 to 1.00; (5) providing that the value
of speculative homes in the borrowing base shall not exceed $125 million; and
(6) increasing the permitted percentage of speculative homes relative to total
home closings.
As of
December 31, 2007, borrowing availability was $169.5 million in accordance with
the borrowing base calculation. Borrowings under the Credit Facility
are unsecured and are at the Alternate Base Rate plus a margin ranging from zero
to 37.5 basis points, or at the Eurodollar Rate plus a margin ranging from 100
to 237.5 basis points. The Alternate Base Rate is defined as the
higher of the Prime Rate, the Base CD Rate plus 100 basis points, or the Federal
Funds Rate plus 50 basis points.
The
Credit Facility also places limitations on the amount of additional indebtedness
that may be incurred by the Company, limitations on the investments that the
Company may make, including joint ventures and advances to officers and
employees, and limitations on the aggregate cost of certain types of inventory
that the Company can hold at any one time. The Company is required
under the Credit Facility to maintain a certain amount of tangible net worth
and, as of December 31, 2007, had approximately $40.0 million in excess of the
required tangible net worth that would be available for payment of
dividends. In the event market conditions deteriorate further and
significant impairment charges occur or a significant deferred tax asset
valuation allowance is required, our tangible net worth may come close to or
fall below the required minimum. Violations of any of the covenants
of the Credit Facility, if not cured or waived by the lenders, could result in
optional maturity date acceleration by the lenders. In the event that
this were to occur, we would seek to amend the terms of the Credit Facility or
replace the financing provided by the Credit Facility. As of December
31, 2007, the Company was in compliance with all restrictive covenants of the
Credit Facility.
Note Payable Bank
– Financial Services. At December 31, 2007, we had $40.4
million outstanding under the M/I Financial First Amended and Restated Revolving
Credit Agreement (the “MIF Credit Facility”). M/I Homes, Inc. and M/I
Financial are co-borrowers under the MIF Credit Facility. The MIF
Credit Facility provides M/I Financial with $40.0 million maximum borrowing
availability to finance mortgage loans initially funded by M/I Financial for our
customers, except for the period December 15, 2007 through January 15, 2008,
when the maximum borrowing availability is increased to $65.0
million. The maximum borrowing availability is limited to 95% of
eligible mortgage loans. In determining eligible mortgage loans, the
MIF Credit Facility provides limits on certain types of loans. The
borrowings under the MIF Credit Facility are at the Prime Rate or LIBOR plus 135
basis points, with a commitment fee on the unused portion of the MIF Credit
Facility of 0.20%. The MIF Credit Facility expires April 25, 2008;
however, the Company intends to amend the term of the MIF Credit Facility prior
to the expiration date. Under the terms of the MIF Credit Facility,
M/I Financial is required to maintain minimum net worth amounts and certain
financial ratios. As of December 31, 2007, the borrowing base was
$55.4 million with $15.0 million of availability. As of December 31,
2007, the Company and M/I Financial were in compliance with all restrictive
covenants of the MIF Credit Facility.
Senior
Notes. At December 31, 2007, the Company had $200 million of
6.875% senior notes outstanding. The notes are due April
2012. The indenture covering the senior notes contains various
covenants, including limitations on additional indebtedness, affiliate
transactions, sale of assets and a restriction on certain
payments. Payments for dividends and share repurchases are subject to
a limitation, with increases in the limitation resulting from issuances of
equity interests and quarterly net earnings and decreases in the limitation
resulting from quarterly net losses, with such increases and decreases being
cumulative since the March 2005 issuance of the notes. As of December
31, 2007, the Company had $98.5 million available that could be used for the
payment of dividends or share repurchases. A majority of the
subsidiaries of the Company have provided full and unconditional and joint and
several guarantees. Any subsidiaries of the parent company other
than the subsidiary guarantors are minor.
In the
event market conditions deteriorate further and significant impairment charges
occur or a significant deferred tax asset valuation allowance is required, the
amount available for payment of dividends may be reduced to zero, in which case
we would not be allowed, under the terms of the indenture covering the senior
notes, to pay either common or preferred dividends until such time that net
earnings are sufficient to create availability pursuant to the terms of the
indenture.
36
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company was in compliance with all restrictive covenants
of the indenture covering the senior notes.
Weighted Average
Borrowings. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
our weighted average borrowings outstanding were $496.6 million and $630.0
million, respectively, with a weighted average interest rate of 7.6% and 7.3%,
respectively. The decrease in borrowings was primarily the result of
the Company issuing the Preferred Shares (as defined below), the proceeds of
which were used to pay down the Company’s outstanding debt. The
Company also used cash generated from operations to pay down outstanding
debt. The increase in the weighted average interest rate was due to
the overall market increase in interest rates, which has impacted our variable
rate borrowings.
Preferred Shares. On March 15, 2007,
we issued 4,000,000 depositary shares, each representing 1/1000th of a 9.75%
Series A Preferred Share (the “Preferred Shares”), or 4,000 Preferred Shares in
the aggregate, for net proceeds of $96.3 million that were used for the partial
payment of the outstanding balance under the Credit Facility. The
Preferred Shares were offered pursuant to our universal shelf registration
statement. The Preferred Shares are non-cumulative and have a
liquidation preference equal to $25 per depositary share. Dividends
are payable quarterly in arrears, if declared by us, on March 15, June 15,
September 15 and December 15. If there is a change of control of the
Company and if within 90 days after public notice of the occurrence thereof, the
Company’s corporate credit rating is withdrawn or downgraded to a certain level
(together constituting a “change of control event”), the dividends on the
Preferred Shares will increase to 10.75% per year. We may not redeem
the Preferred Shares prior to March 15, 2012, except following the occurrence of
a change of control event. On or after March 15, 2012, we have the
option to redeem the Preferred Shares in whole or in part at any time or from
time to time, payable in cash of $25 per depositary share plus any accrued and
unpaid dividends through the date of redemption for the then current quarterly
dividend period. The Preferred Shares have no stated maturity, are
not subject to any sinking fund provisions, are not convertible into any other
securities and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless redeemed by
us. The Preferred Shares have no voting rights, except as otherwise
required by applicable Ohio law; however, in the event we do not pay dividends
for an aggregate of six quarters (whether or not consecutive), the holders of
the Preferred Shares will be entitled to nominate two members to serve on our
Board of Directors. The Preferred Shares are listed on the New York
Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “MHO-PA.”
Universal Shelf
Registration. In April 2002, we filed a $150 million universal
shelf registration statement with the SEC. Pursuant to the filing, we
may, from time to time over an extended period, offer new debt, preferred stock
and/or other equity securities. Of the equity shares, up to 1 million
common shares may be sold by certain shareholders who are considered selling
shareholders. The timing and amount of offerings, if any, will depend
on market and general business conditions.
On March
15, 2007, we issued $100 million of Preferred Shares, pursuant to the $150
million universal shelf registration statement. As of December 31,
2007, $50 million remains available under this universal shelf registration for
future offerings.
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS
Included
in the table below is a summary of future amounts payable under contractual
obligations:
Payments
due by period
|
||||||||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
Total
|
Less than
1 year
|
1 – 3
years
|
3 – 5
years
|
More than
5 years
|
|||||||||
Notes
payable banks - homebuilding (a)
|
$ | 115,000 | $ | - | $ | 115,000 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
Notes payable bank - financial services (b) | 40,400 | 40,400 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Mortgage
notes payable (including interest)
|
10,615 | 795 | 1,591 | 1,590 | 6,639 | |||||||||
Senior
notes (including interest)
|
262,792 | 13,979 | 27,882 | 220,931 | - | |||||||||
Obligation for consolidated inventory not owned (c) | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
Community development district obligation (d) | 847 | 345 | 502 | - | - | |||||||||
Capital
leases
|
565 | 565 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Operating
leases
|
20,683 | 6,522 | 6,579 | 5,630 | 1,951 | |||||||||
Purchase obligation (e) | 92,091 | 92,091 | - | - | - | |||||||||
Land
option agreements (f)
|
- | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
Unrecognized
tax benefits (g)
|
- | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
Total
|
$ | 542,993 | $ | 154,697 | $ | 151,554 | $ | 228,151 | $ | 8,590 |
(a)
Borrowings under the Credit Facility are unsecured and are at the Alternate Base
Rate plus a margin ranging from zero to 37.5 basis points, or at the Eurodollar
Rate plus a margin ranging from 100 to 237.5 basis points. The
Alternate Base Rate is defined as the higher of the Prime Rate, the Base CD Rate
plus 100 basis points, or the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis
points. Borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2007 had a weighted
average interest rate of 6.7%. Interest payments by period will be
based upon the outstanding borrowings and the applicable interest rate(s) in
effect. The above amounts do not reflect interest.
37
(b)
Borrowings under the MIF Credit Facility are at the Prime Rate or at LIBOR plus
135 basis points. Borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2007 had a
weighted average interest rate of 5.96%. Interest payments by period
will be based upon the outstanding borrowings and the applicable interest
rate(s) in effect. The above amounts do not reflect
interest.
(c) The
Company is party to land purchase option agreements to acquire developed
lots from sellers who are variable interest entities. The
Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary of the variable
interest entities, and therefore is required under Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities” to consolidate the entities. As of December 31, 2007, the
Company has recorded a liability of $5.3 million relating to consolidation of
these variable interest entities. The actual cash payments that the
Company will make in the future will be based upon the number of lots acquired
each period under the option agreements and the related per lot prices in effect
at that time. One of the land purchase option agreements has specific
performance provisions. We are required to purchase $3.0 million of
land in the future, but at this time cannot accurately specify the time
period. Refer to Note 13 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for
further discussion of this obligation.
(d) The
amount reported herein of $0.8 million represents principal and interest for a
bond obligation incurred in connection with the acquisition of lots in a
community in Florida. This obligation will be repaid as the Company
closes on the lots in this community to third parties. The estimated
payments by period above have been estimated based on the expected timing of
closings. In addition, in connection with the development of certain
of the Company’s communities, local government entities have been established
and bonds have been issued by those entities to finance a portion of the related
infrastructure. These community development district obligations
represent obligations of the Company as the current holder of the property, net
of cash held by the district available to offset the particular bond
obligations. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has recorded a
liability of $11.6 million relating to these community development district
obligations. However, the actual cash payments that the Company will
ultimately make will be dependent upon the timing of the sale of those lots
within the district to third parties. Because we are unable to
estimate the timing of such sales, the amounts have not been included
above. Refer to Note 12 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for
further discussion of these obligations.
(e) The
Company has obligations with certain subcontractors and suppliers of raw
materials in the ordinary course of business to meet the commitment to deliver
748 homes with an aggregate sales price of $233.1 million. Based on
our current housing gross margin of 12.6%, exclusive of impairment charges, plus
variable selling costs of 3.4% of revenue, less costs already incurred on homes
in backlog, we estimate payments totaling approximately $92.1 million to be made
in 2008 relating to those homes.
(f) The
Company has options and contingent purchase agreements to acquire land and
developed lots with an aggregate purchase price of approximately $133.9
million. Purchase of properties is generally contingent upon
satisfaction of certain requirements by the Company and the sellers and
therefore the timing of payments under these agreements is not
determinable. The Company has no specific performance obligations
with respect to these agreements.
(g) We are subject to U.S.
federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2007, we had $4.6 million of gross unrecognized tax
benefits, $1.1 million of related accrued interest and $0.5 million of related
accrued penalties. We are currently under examination by various taxing
jurisdictions and anticipate finlizing the examinations with certain
jurisdictions within the next twelve months. However, the final outcome of
these examinations is not yet determinable. The statue of limitations for
our major tax jurisdictions remains open for examination of tax years 2004
through 2007.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET
ARRANGEMENTS
Our
primary use of off-balance sheet arrangements is for the purpose of securing the
most desirable lots on which to build homes for our homebuyers in a manner that
we believe reduces the overall risk to the Company. Our off-balance
sheet arrangements relating to our homebuilding operations include
unconsolidated LLCs, land option agreements, guarantees and indemnifications
associated with acquiring and developing land, and the issuance of letters of
credit and completion bonds. Additionally, in the ordinary course of
business, our financial services operations issue guarantees and indemnities
relating to the sale of loans to third parties.
Unconsolidated
Limited Liability Companies. In the ordinary course of
business, the Company periodically enters into arrangements with third parties
to acquire land and develop lots. These arrangements include the
creation by the Company of LLCs, with the Company’s interest in these entities
ranging from 33% to 50%. These entities engage in land development
activities for the purpose of distributing (in the form of a capital
distribution) developed lots to the Company and its partners in the
entity. These entities generally do not meet the criteria of variable
interest entities (“VIEs”), because the equity at risk is sufficient to permit
the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated support
from the equity investors; however, we must evaluate each entity to determine
whether it is or is not a VIE. If an entity was determined to be a
VIE, we would then evaluate whether or not we are the primary
beneficiary. These evaluations are initially performed when each new
entity is created and upon any events that require reconsideration of the
entity.
We have
determined that none of the LLCs in which we have an interest are VIEs, and we
also have determined that we do not have substantive control over any of these
entities; therefore, our homebuilding LLCs are recorded using the equity method
of accounting. The Company believes its maximum exposure related to
any of these entities as of December 31, 2007 to be the amount invested of $40.3
million, plus letters of credit and bonds totaling $9.7 million that serve as
completion bonds for the development work in progress and our possible future
obligations under guarantees and indemnifications provided in connection with
these entities as further discussed in Note 8 and Note 9 of our Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Land Option
Agreements. In the ordinary course of business, the Company
enters into land option agreements in order to secure land for the construction
of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements,
the
38
Company
will provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase
land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined
prices. Because the entities holding the land under the option
agreement often meet the criteria for VIEs, the Company evaluates all land
option agreements to determine if it is necessary to consolidate any of these
entities. The Company currently believes that its maximum exposure as
of December 31, 2007 related to these agreements is equal to the amount of the
Company’s outstanding deposits, which totaled $9.1 million, including cash
deposits of $4.4 million, prepaid acquisition costs of $1.3 million, letters of
credit of $1.9 million and corporate promissory notes of $1.5
million. Further details relating to our land option agreements are
included in Note 13 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Letters of Credit
and Completion Bonds. The Company provides standby letters of
credit and completion bonds for development work in progress, deposits on land
and lot purchase agreements and miscellaneous deposits. As of
December 31, 2007, the Company has outstanding $134.2 million of completion
bonds and standby letters of credit, some of which were issued to various local
governmental entities that expire at various times through December
2015. Included in this total are: (1) $81.2 million of performance
bonds and $27.0 million of performance letters of credit that serve as
completion bonds for land development work in progress (including the Company’s
$5.2 million share of our LLCs’ letters of credit and bonds); (2) $20.1 million
of financial letters of credit, of which $1.9 million represents deposits on
land and lot purchase agreements; and (3) $5.9 million of financial
bonds.
Guarantees and
Indemnities. In
the ordinary course of business, M/I Financial enters into agreements that
guarantee purchasers of its mortgage loans that M/I Financial will repurchase a
loan if certain conditions occur. M/I Financial has also provided
indemnifications to certain third party investors and insurers in lieu of
repurchasing certain loans. The risks associated with these
guarantees and indemnities are offset by the value of the underlying assets, and
the Company accrues its best estimate of the probable loss on these
loans. Additionally, the Company has provided certain other
guarantees and indemnities in connection with the acquisition and development of
land by our homebuilding operations. Refer to Note 9 of our
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details relating to our
guarantees and indemnities.
INTEREST RATES AND
INFLATION
Our
business is significantly affected by general economic conditions of the United
States of America and, particularly, by the impact of interest rates and
inflation. Higher interest rates may decrease our potential market by
making it more difficult for homebuyers to qualify for mortgages or to obtain
mortgages at interest rates that are acceptable to them. The impact
of increased interest rates can be offset, in part, by offering variable rate
loans with lower interest rates. In conjunction with our mortgage
financing services, hedging methods are used to reduce our exposure to interest
rate fluctuations between the commitment date of the loan and the time the loan
closes.
Toward
the end of 2007, interest rates began to decline. As interest rates
decline, homebuyers are more likely to obtain or qualify for mortgages that are
acceptable to them, which in turn would make them more likely to purchase
homes.
During
the past year, we have experienced some detrimental effect from inflation,
particularly the inflation in the cost of land that occurred over the past
several years. As a result of declines in market conditions in most
of our markets, in certain communities, we have been unable to recover the cost
of these higher land prices, resulting in lower gross margins and significant
charges being recorded in our operating results due to the impairment of
inventory and investments in unconsolidated LLCs and other write-offs relating
to deposits and pre-acquisition costs of abandoned land
transactions. In recent years, we have not experienced a detrimental
effect from inflation in relation to our home construction costs, and we have
been successful in the current year in reducing certain of these costs with our
subcontractors. However, unanticipated construction costs or a change
in market conditions may occur during the period between the date sales
contracts are entered into with customers and the delivery date of the related
homes, resulting in lower gross profit margins.
39
ITEM
7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
|
Our
primary market risk results from fluctuations in interest rates. We
are exposed to interest rate risk through borrowings under our unsecured
revolving credit facilities, consisting of the Credit Facility and the MIF
Credit Facility, which permit aggregate borrowings of up to $565 million as of
December 31, 2007, subject to availability constraints. Additionally,
M/I Financial is exposed to interest rate risk associated with its mortgage loan
origination services.
Loan Commitments:
Interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) are extended to home-buying
customers who have applied for mortgages and who meet certain defined credit and
underwriting criteria. Typically, the IRLCs will have a duration of
less than nine months; however, in certain markets, the duration could extend to
twelve months.
Some
IRLCs are committed to a specific third-party investor through the use of
best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments matching the exact terms of the
IRLC loan. The notional amount of the committed IRLCs and the
best-efforts contracts was $2.1 million and $10.2 million at December 31, 2007
and December 31, 2006, respectively. At December 31, 2007, the fair
value of the committed IRLCs resulted in an asset of less than $0.1 million and
the related best-efforts contracts resulted in a liability of less than $0.1
million. At December 31, 2006, the fair value of the committed IRLCs
resulted in an asset of $0.1 million and the related best-efforts contracts
resulted in a liability of $0.1 million. For the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, we recognized less than $0.1 million of expense, less
than $0.1 million of income and $0.1 million of expense, respectively, relating
to marking these committed IRLCs and the related best-efforts contracts to
market.
Uncommitted
IRLCs are considered derivative instruments under SFAS 133 and are fair value
adjusted, with the resulting gain or loss recorded in current
earnings. At December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the notional
amount of the uncommitted IRLCs was $34.3 million and $37.8 million,
respectively. The fair value adjustment related to these uncommitted
IRLCs, which is based on quoted market prices, resulted in an asset of $0.2
million and an asset of less than $0.1 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
we recognized income of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, and expense of $0.4
million, respectively, relating to marking the uncommitted IRLCs to
market.
Forward
sales of mortgage-backed securities (“FMBSs”) are used to protect uncommitted
IRLC loans against the risk of changes in interest rates between the lock date
and the funding date. FMBSs related to uncommitted IRLCs are
classified and accounted for as non-designated derivative instruments, with
gains and losses recorded in current earnings. At December 31, 2007,
the notional amount under these FMBSs was $37.0 million and the related fair
value adjustment, which is based on quoted market prices, resulted in a
liability of $0.2 million. At December 31, 2006, the notional amount
under the FMBSs was $36.0 million and the related fair value adjustment resulted
in an asset of $0.1 million. For the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005, we recognized $0.3 million of expense, $0.3 million of income and
$0.2 million of expense, respectively, relating to marking these FMBSs to
market.
Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale:
During the intervening period between when a loan is closed and when it
is sold to an investor, the interest rate risk is covered through the use of a
best-efforts contract or by FMBSs.
The
notional amount of the best-efforts contracts and related mortgage loans held
for sale was $15.4 million and $9.5 million at December 31, 2007 and December
31, 2006, respectively. The fair value of the best-efforts contracts
and related mortgage loans held for sale resulted in a net liability of less
than $0.1 million at both December 31, 2007 and 2006, under the matched terms
method of SFAS 133. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we
recognized income of less than $0.1 million relating to marking these
best-efforts contracts and the related mortgage loans held for sale to
market. There was no net impact to earnings for the year ended
December 31, 2006.
The
notional amounts of the FMBSs and the related mortgage loans held for sale were
$43.0 million and $43.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2007 and were
$47.7 million and $48.9 million, respectively, at December 31,
2006. In accordance with SFAS 133, the FMBSs are classified and
accounted for as non-designated derivative instruments, with gains and losses
recorded in current earnings. As of December 31, 2007 and December
31, 2006, the related fair value adjustment for marking these FMBSs to market
resulted in a liability of $0.4 million and an asset of $0.1 million,
respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we
recognized expense of $0.5 million and income of $0.1 million, respectively,
relating to marking these FMBSs to market.
The
following table provides the expected future cash flows and current fair values
of borrowings under our credit facilities and mortgage loan origination services
that are subject to market risk as interest rates fluctuate, as of December 31,
2007:
40
Weighted
|
|||||||||
Average
|
Fair
|
||||||||
Interest
|
Expected
Cash Flows by Period
|
Value
|
|||||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
Rate
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
Thereafter
|
Total
|
12/31/07
|
ASSETS:
|
|||||||||
Mortgage
loans held for sale:
|
|||||||||
Fixed
rate
|
5.65%
|
$58,710
|
$ -
|
$
-
|
$ -
|
$
-
|
$ -
|
$ 58,710
|
$ 53,348
|
Variable
rate
|
5.14%
|
844
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
844
|
779
|
LIABILITIES:
|
|||||||||
Long-term
debt – fixed rate
|
6.92%
|
$ 261
|
$283
|
$ 306
|
$ 332
|
$200,360
|
$5,161
|
$206,703
|
$170,055
|
Long-term
debt – variable rate
|
6.51%
|
40,400
|
-
|
115,000
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
155,400
|
155,400
|
|
41
ITEM
8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of M/I Homes, Inc.
Columbus,
Ohio
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of M/I Homes, Inc. and
subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our
opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of M/I Homes, Inc. and subsidiaries as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission and our report dated March 4, 2008 expressed an unqualified
opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE
LLP
DELOITTE
& TOUCHE LLP
Columbus,
Ohio
March 4,
2008
42
M/I
HOMES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Revenue
|
$ | 1,016,460 | $ | 1,274,145 | $ | 1,312,504 | ||
Costs
and expenses:
|
||||||||
Land
and housing
|
832,596 | 959,226 | 982,587 | |||||
Impairment
of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs
|
148,377 | 67,200 | - | |||||
General
and administrative
|
93,049 | 98,289 | 77,106 | |||||
Selling
|
77,971 | 88,317 | 81,371 | |||||
Interest
|
15,343 | 15,807 | 13,555 | |||||
Total
costs and expenses
|
1,167,336 | 1,228,839 | 1,154,619 | |||||
(Loss)
income before income taxes
|
(150,876 | ) | 45,306 | 157,885 | ||||
(Benefit)
provision for income taxes
|
(58,396 | ) | 16,009 | 59,311 | ||||
(Loss)
income from continuing operations
|
(92,480 | ) | 29,297 | 98,574 | ||||
Discontinued
operation, net of tax
|
(35,646 | ) | 9,578 | 2,211 | ||||
Net
(loss) income
|
(128,126 | ) | 38,875 | 100,785 | ||||
Preferred
dividends
|
7,313 | - | - | |||||
Net
(loss) income to common shareholders
|
$ | (135,439 | ) | $ | 38,875 | $ | 100,785 | |
Earnings
per common share:
|
||||||||
Basic:
|
||||||||
(Loss)
earnings from continuing operations
|
$ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 2.10 | $ | 6.89 | |
(Loss)
earnings from discontinued operation
|
$ | (2.55 | ) | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.16 | |
Basic
(loss) earnings
|
$ | (9.69 | ) | $ | 2.78 | $ | 7.05 | |
Diluted:
|
||||||||
(Loss)
earnings from continuing operation
|
$ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 2.07 | $ | 6.78 | |
(Loss)
earnings from discontinued operation
|
$ | (2.55 | ) | $ | 0.67 | $ | 0.15 | |
Diluted
(loss) earnings
|
$ | (9.69 | ) | $ | 2.74 | $ | 6.93 | |
Weighted
average shares outstanding:
|
||||||||
Basic
|
13,977 | 13,970 | 14,302 | |||||
Diluted
|
13,977 | 14,168 | 14,539 | |||||
Dividends
per common share
|
$ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 |
See Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements.
43
M/I
HOMES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
|
||||||
(Dollars
in thousands, except par values)
|
2007
|
2006
|
||||
ASSETS:
|
||||||
Cash
|
$ | 1,506 | $ | 11,516 | ||
Cash
held in escrow
|
21,239 | 58,938 | ||||
Mortgage
loans held for sale
|
54,127 | 54,491 | ||||
Inventories
|
797,329 | 1,092,739 | ||||
Property
and equipment - net
|
35,699 | 36,241 | ||||
Investment
in unconsolidated limited liability companies
|
40,343 | 49,648 | ||||
Income
tax receivable
|
53,667 | - | ||||
Deferred
income taxes
|
67,867 | 39,723 | ||||
Other
assets
|
31,270 | 37,817 | ||||
Assets
of discontinued operation
|
14,598 | 95,966 | ||||
TOTAL
ASSETS
|
$ | 1,117,645 | $ | 1,477,079 | ||
LIABILITIES
AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
|
||||||
LIABILITIES:
|
||||||
Accounts
payable
|
$ | 66,242 | $ | 79,474 | ||
Accrued
compensation
|
9,509 | 21,657 | ||||
Customer
deposits
|
6,932 | 15,012 | ||||
Other
liabilities
|
58,473 | 63,639 | ||||
Community
development district obligations
|
12,410 | 19,577 | ||||
Obligation
for consolidated inventory not owned
|
7,433 | 5,026 | ||||
Liabilities
of discontinued operation
|
14,286 | 10,142 | ||||
Notes
payable banks – homebuilding operations
|
115,000 | 410,000 | ||||
Note
payable bank – financial services operations
|
40,400 | 29,900 | ||||
Mortgage
notes payable
|
6,703 | 6,944 | ||||
Senior
notes – net of discount of $1,088 and $1,344, respectively, at December
31, 2007 and 2006
|
198,912 | 198,656 | ||||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES
|
$ | 536,300 | $ | 860,027 | ||
Commitments
and contingencies
|
- | - | ||||
SHAREHOLDERS’
EQUITY:
|
||||||
Preferred
shares – $.01 par value; authorized 2,000,000
shares; issued 4,000 and -0- shares, respectively,
|
||||||
at
December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
96,325 | - | ||||
Common
shares – $.01 par value; authorized 38,000,000
shares; issued 17,626,123 shares
|
176 | 176 | ||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
79,428 | 76,282 | ||||
Retained
earnings
|
477,339 | 614,186 | ||||
Treasury
shares – at cost – 3,621,333 and 3,705,375 shares, respectively, at
December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
(71,923 | ) | (73,592 | ) | ||
TOTAL
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
581,345 | 617,052 | ||||
TOTAL
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
$ | 1,117,645 | $ | 1,477,079 |
See Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements.
44
M/I
HOMES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred
Shares
|
Common
Shares
|
Additional
|
Total
|
||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
Shares
|
Paid-In
|
Retained
|
Treasury
|
Shareholders’
|
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars
in thousands, except per share amounts)
|
Outstanding
|
Amount
|
Outstanding
|
Amount
|
Capital
|
Earnings
|
Shares
|
Equity
|
|||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2004
|
- | - | 14,185,634 | $ | 176 | $ | 69,073 | $ | 477,370 | $ | (59,008 | ) | $ | 487,611 | |||||||
Net
income
|
- | - | - | - | - | 100,785 | - | 100,785 | |||||||||||||
Dividends
to shareholders, $0.10 per common share
|
- | - | - | - | - | (1,429 | ) | - | (1,429 | ) | |||||||||||
Income
tax benefit from stock options and deferred compensation
distributions
|
- | - | - | - | 1,750 | - | - | 1,750 | |||||||||||||
Share
repurchases
|
- | - | (9,800 | ) | - | - | - | (392 | ) | (392 | ) | ||||||||||
Stock
options exercised
|
- | - | 128,470 | - | 1,062 | - | 2,202 | 3,264 | |||||||||||||
Deferral
of executive and director compensation
|
- | - | - | 979 | - | - | 979 | ||||||||||||||
Executive
and director deferred compensation distributions
|
- | - | 22,961 | - | (394 | ) | - | 394 | - | ||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2005
|
- | - | 14,327,265 | $ | 176 | $ | 72,470 | $ | 576,726 | $ | (56,804 | ) | $ | 592,568 | |||||||
Net
income
|
- | - | - | - | - | 38,875 | - | 38,875 | |||||||||||||
Dividends
to shareholders, $0.10 per common share
|
- | - | - | - | - | (1,415 | ) | - | (1,415 | ) | |||||||||||
Income
tax benefit from stock options and deferred compensation
distributions
|
- | - | - | - | 229 | - | - | 229 | |||||||||||||
Share
repurchases
|
- | - | (463,500 | ) | - | - | - | (17,893 | ) | (17,893 | ) | ||||||||||
Stock
options exercised
|
- | - | 28,200 | - | 83 | - | 558 | 641 | |||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
- | - | - | 3,057 | - | - | 3,057 | ||||||||||||||
Deferral
of executive and director compensation
|
- | - | - | - | 990 | - | - | 990 | |||||||||||||
Executive
and director deferred compensation distributions
|
- | - | 28,783 | - | (547 | ) | - | 547 | - | ||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2006
|
- | - | 13,920,748 | $ | 176 | $ | 76,282 | $ | 614,186 | $ | (73,592 | ) | $ | 617,052 | |||||||
Net
loss
|
- | - | - | - | - | (128,126 | ) | - | (128,126 | ) | |||||||||||
Preferred
shares issued, net of issuance costs of $3,675
|
4,000 | 96,325 | - | - | - | - | - | 96,325 | |||||||||||||
Dividends
on preferred shares, $609.375 per share
|
- | - | - | - | - | (7,313 | ) | - | (7,313 | ) | |||||||||||
Dividends
to shareholders, $0.10 per common share
|
- | - | - | - | - | (1,408 | ) | - | (1,408 | ) | |||||||||||
Income
tax benefit from stock options and deferred compensation
distributions
|
- | - | - | - | 72 | - | - | 72 | |||||||||||||
Stock
options exercised
|
- | - | 37,400 | - | 62 | - | 742 | 804 | |||||||||||||
Restricted
shares issued, net of forfeitures
|
- | - | 3,001 | - | (60 | ) | - | 60 | - | ||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
- | - | - | 3,167 | - | - | 3,167 | ||||||||||||||
Deferral
of executive and director compensation
|
- | - | - | - | 772 | - | - | 772 | |||||||||||||
Executive
and director deferred compensation distributions
|
- | - | 43,641 | - | (867 | ) | - | 867 | - | ||||||||||||
Balance
at December 31, 2007
|
4,000 | 96,325 | 14,004,790 | $ | 176 | $ | 79,428 | $ | 477,339 | $ | (71,923 | ) | $ | 581,345 |
See Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements.
45
M/I
HOMES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
OPERATING
ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||||
Net
(loss) income
|
$
|
(128,126 | ) |
$
|
38,875 |
$
|
100,785 | ||
Adjustments
to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating
activities:
|
|||||||||
Inventory
valuation adjustments and abandoned land transaction
write-offs
|
196,952 | 76,326 | 2,826 | ||||||
Impairment
of investment in unconsolidated limited liability
companies
|
13,125 | 2,440 | - | ||||||
Impairment
of goodwill and intangible assets
|
5,175 | - | - | ||||||
Mortgage
loan originations
|
(586,520 | ) | (666,863 | ) | (666,684 | ) | |||
Proceeds
from the sale of mortgage loans
|
587,820 | 676,418 | 667,186 | ||||||
Fair
value adjustment of mortgage loans held for sale
|
(487 | ) | (444 | ) | - | ||||
Loss
from property disposals
|
373 | 112 | 35 | ||||||
Depreciation
|
5,912 | 3,936 | 2,705 | ||||||
Amortization
of intangibles, debt discount and debt issue costs
|
2,081 | 2,795 | 1,793 | ||||||
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
3,167 | 3,057 | - | ||||||
Deferred
income tax (benefit) expense
|
(28,144 | ) | (28,216 | ) | 557 | ||||
Income
tax benefit from stock transactions
|
- | - | 1,750 | ||||||
Excess
tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements
|
(72 | ) | (229 | ) | - | ||||
Equity
in undistributed loss (income) of limited liability
companies
|
892 | 62 | (39 | ) | |||||
Write-off
of unamortized debt discount and financing costs
|
534 | 195 | - | ||||||
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effect from
acquisition:
|
|||||||||
Cash held in escrow
|
37,720 | (27,152 | ) | (10,092 | ) | ||||
Inventories
|
180,517 | (158,236 | ) | (230,905 | ) | ||||
Other
assets
|
(930 | ) | (6,030 | ) | (2,713 | ) | |||
Income
tax receivable
|
(53,667 | ) | - | - | |||||
Accounts
payable
|
(10,776 | ) | 7,495 | 22,325 | |||||
Customer
deposits
|
(11,110 | ) | (16,167 | ) | 10,964 | ||||
Accrued
compensation
|
(12,257 | ) | (3,050 | ) | 2,095 | ||||
Other
liabilities
|
32 | (9,336 | ) | 4,773 | |||||
Net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
202,211 | (104,012 | ) | (92,639 | ) | ||||
|
|||||||||
INVESTING
ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||||
Purchase
of property and equipment
|
(4,461 | ) | (4,806 | ) | (3,845 | ) | |||
Acquisition,
net of cash acquired
|
- | - | (23,185 | ) | |||||
Investment
in unconsolidated limited liability companies
|
(9,978 | ) | (17,041 | ) | (41,972 | ) | |||
Return
of investment from unconsolidated limited liability
companies
|
578 | 89 | 4,878 | ||||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(13,861 | ) | (21,758 | ) | (64,124 | ) | |||
|
|||||||||
FINANCING
ACTIVITIES:
|
|||||||||
Proceeds
from (repayments of) bank borrowings – net
|
(284,500 | ) | 133,900 | (15,402 | ) | ||||
Principal
repayments of mortgage notes payable and community development district
bond obligations
|
(509 | ) | (1,357 | ) | (542 | ) | |||
Proceeds
from senior notes – net of discount of $1,774
|
- | - | 198,226 | ||||||
Proceeds
from preferred shares issuance – net of issuance costs of
$3,675
|
96,325 | - | - | ||||||
Debt
issue costs
|
(847 | ) | (1,721 | ) | (4,228 | ) | |||
Payments
on capital lease obligations
|
(984 | ) | (183 | ) | - | ||||
Dividends
paid
|
(8,721 | ) | (1,415 | ) | (1,429 | ) | |||
Proceeds
from exercise of stock options
|
804 | 641 | 3,264 | ||||||
Excess
tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements
|
72 | 229 | - | ||||||
Common
share repurchases
|
- | (17,893 | ) | (392 | ) | ||||
Net
cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
(198,360 | ) | 112,201 | 179,497 | |||||
Net
(decrease) increase in cash
|
(10,010 | ) | (13,569 | ) | 22,734 | ||||
Cash
balance at beginning of year
|
11,516 | 25,085 | 2,351 | ||||||
Cash
balance at end of year
|
$
|
1,506 |
$
|
11,516 |
$
|
25,085 | |||
|
|||||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL
DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
|
|||||||||
Cash
paid during the year for:
|
|||||||||
Interest
– net of amount capitalized
|
$
|
16,272 |
$
|
14,337 |
$
|
8,247 | |||
Income
taxes
|
$
|
10,246 |
$
|
57,918 |
$
|
51,347 | |||
|
|||||||||
NON-CASH
TRANSACTIONS DURING THE YEAR:
|
|||||||||
Community
development district infrastructure
|
$
|
(6,899 | ) |
$
|
10,891 |
$
|
2,577 | ||
Consolidated
inventory not owned
|
$
|
2,407 |
$
|
934 |
$
|
(840 | ) | ||
Mortgage
notes payable and community development district bond obligations
in
|
|||||||||
connection
with land acquisition – net
|
$
|
- |
$
|
- |
$
|
1,525 | |||
Capital
lease obligations
|
$
|
(1,457 | ) |
$
|
753 |
$
|
- | ||
Distribution
of single-family lots from unconsolidated limited liability
companies
|
$
|
7,912 |
$
|
16,609 |
$
|
10,297 | |||
Contribution
of property to unconsolidated LLCs
|
958 | - | - | ||||||
Deferral
of executive and director compensation
|
$
|
772 |
$
|
990 |
$
|
979 | |||
Executive
and director deferred stock distributions
|
$
|
867 |
$
|
547 |
$
|
394 | |||
|
|||||||||
ACQUISITION:
|
|||||||||
Fair
market value of assets acquired, net of cash acquired
|
$
|
- |
$
|
- |
$
|
42,923 | |||
Goodwill
|
- | - |
$
|
1,561 | |||||
Fair
market value of liabilities assumed
|
- | - |
$
|
(21,299 | ) | ||||
Cash paid |
$
|
- |
$
|
- |
$
|
23,185 |
See Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements.
46
M/I
HOMES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Business. M/I
Homes, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “we”) is engaged primarily in
the construction and sale of single-family residential property in Columbus and
Cincinnati, Ohio; Tampa and Orlando, Florida; Charlotte and Raleigh, North
Carolina; Indianapolis, Indiana; and the Virginia and Maryland suburbs of
Washington, D.C. The Company designs, sells and builds single-family
homes on finished lots, which it develops or purchases ready for home
construction. The Company also purchases undeveloped land to develop
into finished lots for future construction of single-family homes and, on a
limited basis, for sale to others. Our homebuilding operations
operate across three geographic regions in the United States. Within
these regions, our operations have similar economic characteristics; therefore
they have been aggregated into three reportable homebuilding segments: Midwest
homebuilding, Florida homebuilding and Mid-Atlantic homebuilding.
The
Company conducts mortgage financing activities through its wholly-owned
subsidiary, M/I Financial Corp. (“M/I Financial”), which originates mortgage
loans for purchasers of the Company’s homes. The loans and the
servicing rights are sold to outside mortgage lenders. The Company
and M/I Financial also operate wholly- and majority-owned subsidiaries that
provide title services to purchasers of the Company’s homes. In
addition, the Company operates a majority-owned subsidiary that collects
commissions as a broker of property and casualty insurance
policies. As a broker, the Company does not retain any risk
associated with these insurance policies. Our mortgage banking, title
service and insurance activities have similar economic characteristics;
therefore, they have been aggregated into one reportable segment, the financial
services segment.
Principles of
Consolidation. The accompanying consolidated financial
statements include the accounts of M/I Homes, Inc. and its
subsidiaries.
Accounting
Principles. The accompanying consolidated financial statements
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany
transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Cash and Cash
Equivalents. All highly liquid
investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less are
considered to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
the majority of cash was held in one bank.
Cash Held in
Escrow. Cash held in escrow represents cash relating to loans
closed at year-end that were not yet funded to the Company as of December 31st
due to timing, and cash that was deposited in an escrow account at the time of
closing on homes to homebuyers which will be released to the Company when the
related work is completed on each home, which generally occurs within six months
of closing on the home.
Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale. Mortgage loans held for sale consists primarily
of single-family residential loans collateralized by the underlying
property. Generally, all of the mortgage loans and related servicing
rights are sold to third-party investors within two weeks of
origination. Refer to the Revenue Recognition policy described below
for additional discussion.
Inventories. We
use the specific identification method for the purpose of accumulating costs
associated with land acquisition and development, and home
construction. Inventories are recorded at cost, unless events and
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the land may be
impaired. In addition to the costs of direct land acquisition, land
development and related costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) and
home construction costs, inventories include capitalized interest, real estate
taxes, and certain indirect costs incurred during land development and home
construction. Such costs are charged to cost of sales simultaneously
with revenue recognition, as discussed below. When a home is closed,
we typically have not yet paid all incurred costs necessary to complete the
home. As homes close, we compare the home construction budget to
actual recorded costs to date to estimate the additional costs to be incurred
from our subcontractors related to the home. We record a liability
and a corresponding charge to cost of sales for the amount we estimate will
ultimately be paid related to that home. We monitor the accuracy of
such estimate by comparing actual costs incurred in subsequent months to the
estimate. Although actual costs to complete in the future could
differ from the estimate, our method has historically produced consistently
accurate estimates of actual costs to complete closed homes.
47
We assess
inventories for recoverability in accordance with the provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment
or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”). SFAS 144 requires
that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
local or national economic conditions indicate that the carrying amount of an
asset may not be recoverable. In conducting our quarterly review for
indicators of impairment on a community level, we evaluate, among other things,
the margins on homes that have been delivered, margins on sales contracts in
backlog, projected margins with regard to future home sales over the life of the
community, projected margins with regard to future land sales, and the value of
the land itself. We pay particular attention to communities in which
inventory is moving at a slower than anticipated absorption pace, and
communities whose average sales price and/or margins are trending downward and
are anticipated to continue to trend downward. From this review, we
identify communities whose carrying values may exceed their undiscounted cash
flows.
Operating
communities. For existing operating communities, the
recoverability of assets is measured on a quarterly basis by comparing the
carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to
be generated by the assets based on home sales. These estimated cash
flows are developed based primarily on management’s assumptions relating to the
community. The significant assumptions used to evaluate the
recoverability of assets include the timing of development and/or marketing
phases, projected sales price and sales pace of each existing or planned
community, and the estimated land development, home construction and selling
costs of the community, overall market supply and demand, the local market, and
competitive conditions. Management reviews these assumptions on a
quarterly basis. While we consider available information to determine
what we believe to be our best estimates as of the end of a reporting period,
these estimates are subject to change in future reporting periods as facts and
circumstances change.
Future
communities. For raw land or land under development that
management anticipates will be utilized for future homebuilding activities, the
recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the
assets to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets
based on home sales, consistent with the evaluations performed for operating
communities discussed above.
For raw
land, land under development or lots that management intends to market for sale
to a third party, but that do not meet all of the criteria to be classified as
land held for sale as discussed below, the recoverability of the assets is
determined based on either the estimated net sales proceeds expected to be
realized on the sale of the assets, or the estimated fair value determined using
cash flow valuation techniques.
If the
Company has not yet determined whether raw land or land under development will
be utilized for future homebuilding activities or marketed for sale to a third
party, the Company assesses the recoverability of the inventory using a
probability-weighted approach, in accordance with SFAS 144.
Land held for
sale. Land held for sale includes land that meets all of the
following six criteria defined in SFAS 144: (1) management, having
the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset; (2)
the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only
to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets; (3) an active
program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to
sell the asset have been initiated; (4) the sale of the asset is probable, and
transfer of the asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed
sale, within one year; (5) the asset is being actively marketed for sale at a
price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and (6) actions
required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant
changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be
withdrawn. In accordance with SFAS 144, the Company records land held
for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less costs to
sell. In performing impairment evaluation for land held for sale,
management considers, among other things, prices for land in recent comparable
sales transactions, market analysis and recent bona fide offers received from
outside third parties, as well as actual contracts. If the estimated
fair value less the costs to sell an asset is less than the current carrying
value, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value less costs to
sell.
For all
of the above categories, the key assumptions relating to the above valuations
are dependent on project-specific local market and/or community conditions and
are inherently uncertain. Local market-specific factors that may
impact our project assumptions include:
●
|
historical project results such as average sales price and sales rates, if closings have occured in the project; |
●
|
competitors'
local market and/or community presence and their competitive
actions;
|
●
|
project-specific attributes such as location desirability and uniqueness of product offering; |
●
|
potential for alternative product offerings to respond to local market conditions; and |
●
|
current local market economic and demographic conditions and related trends and forecasts. |
48
These and
other local market-specific conditions that may be present are considered by
personnel in our homebuilding divisions as they prepare or update the forecasted
assumptions for each community. Quantitative and qualitative factors other than
home sales prices could significantly impact the potential for future
impairments. The sales objectives can differ between communities,
even within a given sub-market. For example, facts and circumstances
in a given community may lead us to price our homes with the objective of
yielding a higher sales absorption pace, while facts and circumstances in
another community may lead us to price our homes to minimize deterioration in
our gross margins, although it may result in a slower sales absorption
pace. Furthermore, the key assumptions included in our estimated
future undiscounted cash flows may be interrelated. For example, a decrease in
estimated base sales price or an increase in home sales incentives may result in
a corresponding increase in sales absorption pace. Additionally, a
decrease in the average sales price of homes to be sold and closed in future
reporting periods for one community that has not been generating what management
believes to be an adequate sales absorption
pace may impact the estimated cash flow assumptions of a nearby
community. Changes in our key assumptions, including estimated
construction and development costs, absorption pace, selling strategies, or
discount rates could materially impact future cash flow and fair value
estimates.
As of
December 31, 2007, our projections generally assume a gradual improvement in
market conditions over time, along with a gradual increase in
costs. These gradual increases begin in either 2009 or 2010,
depending on the market. If communities are not recoverable based on
undiscounted cash flows, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the
amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the
assets. The fair value of a community is determined by discounting
management’s cash flow projections using an appropriate risk-adjusted interest
rate. As of December 31, 2007, we utilized discount rates ranging
from 12% to 15% in the above valuations. The discount rate used in
determining each asset’s fair value depends on the community’s projected life,
development stage, and the inherent risks associated with the related estimated
cash flow stream. For example, construction in progress inventory,
which is closer to completion, will generally require a lower discount rate than
land under development in communities consisting of multiple phases spanning
several years of development. We believe our assumptions on discount
rates are critical because the selection of a discount rate affects the
estimated fair value of the homesites within a community. A higher
discount rate reduces the estimated fair value of the homesites within the
community, while a lower discount rate increases the estimated fair value of the
homesites within a community.
Our
quarterly assessments reflect management’s estimates. However, if
homebuilding market conditions and our operating results change, or if the
current challenging market conditions continue for an extended period, future
results could differ materially from management’s judgments and
estimates.
Capitalized
Interest. The Company capitalizes interest during land
development and home construction. Capitalized interest is charged to
cost of sales as the related inventory is delivered to a third
party. The summary of capitalized interest is as
follows:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Capitalized
interest, beginning of year
|
$ | 29,491 | $ | 16,787 | $ | 15,199 | |||
Interest
capitalized to inventory
|
18,118 | 24,946 | 9,851 | ||||||
Capitalized
interest charged to cost of sales
|
(18,397 | ) | (12,241 | ) | (8,263 | ) | |||
Capitalized
interest, end of year
|
$ | 29,212 | $ | 29,492 | $ | 16,787 | |||
Interest
incurred – continuing operations
|
$ | 33,461 | $ | 40,753 | $ | 23,406 |
Consolidated
Inventory Not Owned. The Company enters into land option
agreements in the ordinary course of business in order to secure land for the
construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option
agreements, we typically provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for
the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at
predetermined prices. If the entity holding the land under option is
a variable interest entity, the Company’s deposit (including letters of credit)
represents a variable interest in the entity, and we must use our judgment to
determine if we are the primary beneficiary of the entity. Factors
considered in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary include the
amount of the deposit in relation to the fair value of the land, expected timing
of our purchase of the land, and assumptions about projected cash
flows.
We also
periodically enter into lot option arrangements with third-parties to whom we
have sold our raw land inventory. We evaluate these transactions in
accordance with SFAS No. 49, “Accounting for Product Financing Arrangements
(“SFAS 49”), and FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable
Interest Entities” (“FIN 46(R)”) to determine if we should record an asset and
liability at the time we sell the land and enter into the lot option
contract.
Investment in
Unconsolidated Limited Liability Companies. The Company
invests in entities that acquire and develop land for distribution or sale to us
in connection with our homebuilding operations. In our judgment,
we
49
have
determined that these entities generally do not meet the criteria of variable
interest entities because they have sufficient equity to finance their
operations. We must use our judgment to determine if we have
substantive control over these entities. If we were to determine that
we have substantive control over an entity, we would be required to consolidate
the entity. Factors considered in determining whether we have
substantive control or exercise significant influence over an entity include
risk and reward sharing, experience and financial condition of the other
partners, voting rights, involvement in day-to-day capital and operating
decisions, and continuing involvement. In the event an entity does
not have sufficient equity to finance its operations, we would be required to
use judgment to determine if we were the primary beneficiary of the variable
interest entity. Based on the application of our accounting policies,
these entities are accounted for by the equity method of
accounting.
In
accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 18, “The Equity
Method of Investments In Common Stock,” and Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.M, “Other Than Temporary Impairment of
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SAB Topic 5M”), the Company
evaluates its investment in unconsolidated limited liability companies for
potential impairment on a quarterly basis. If the fair value of the
investment is less than the investment carrying value, and the Company has
determined that the decline in value is other than temporary, the Company would
write down the value of the investment to fair value. The
determination of whether an investment’s fair value is less than the carrying
value requires management to make certain assumptions regarding the amount and
timing of future contributions to the limited liability company, the timing of
distributions of lots to the Company from the limited liability company, the
projected fair value of the lots at the time of each distribution to the
Company, and the estimated proceeds from, and timing of, the sale of land or
lots to third parties. In determining the fair value of investments
in unconsolidated limited liability companies (“LLCs”), the Company evaluates
the projected cash flows associated with the LLC using a probability-weighted
approach based on the likelihood of different outcomes. As of
December 31, 2007, the Company used a discount rate of 15% in determining the
fair value of investments in unconsolidated LLCs. In addition to the
assumptions management must make to determine if the investment’s fair value is
less than the carrying value, management must also use judgment in determining
whether the impairment is other than temporary. The factors
management considers are: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the
market value has been less than cost; (2) the financial condition and near-term
prospects of the Company; and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to
retain its investment in the limited liability company for a period of time
sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market
value. Because of the high degree of judgment involved in developing
these assumptions, it is possible that the Company may determine the investment
is not impaired in the current period but, due to passage of time or change in
market conditions leading to changes in assumptions, impairment could
occur.
Property and
Equipment. The Company records property and equipment at cost and
subsequently depreciates the assets using both straight-line and accelerated
methods. Following are the major classes of depreciable assets and
their estimated useful lives:
December
31,
|
||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
||||
Land,
building and improvements
|
$ | 11,823 | $ | 11,823 | ||
Office
furnishings, leasehold improvements, computer equipment and computer
software
|
18,153 | 16,025 | ||||
Transportation
and construction equipment
|
22,528 | 22,532 | ||||
Property
and equipment
|
52,504 | 50,380 | ||||
Accumulated
depreciation
|
(16,805 | ) | (14,139 | ) | ||
Property
and equipment, net
|
$ | 35,699 | $ | 36,241 |
Estimated
Useful
Lives
|
|
Building
and improvements
|
35
years
|
Office
furnishings, leasehold improvements and computer equipment
|
3-7
years
|
Transportation
and construction equipment
|
5-20
years
|
Depreciation
expense was $4.6 million, $3.7 million and $2.6 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Other
Assets. Other assets includes certificates of deposit of $0.2
million at both December 31, 2007 and 2006, which have been pledged as
collateral for mortgage loans sold to third parties and, therefore, are
restricted from general use. The certificates of deposit will be
released when there is a 95% loan to value on the related loans and there have
been no late payments by the mortgagor in the last twelve
months. Other assets also includes non-trade receivables, notes
receivable, deposits and prepaid expenses. The balance also included
goodwill in 2006.
Other
Liabilities. Other liabilities includes taxes payable, accrued
self-insurance costs, accrued warranty expenses and various other miscellaneous
accrued expenses.
Guarantees and
Indemnities. Guarantee and indemnity liabilities are
established by charging the applicable income statement or balance sheet line,
depending on the nature of the guarantee or indemnity, and crediting a
liability. M/I
50
Financial
provides a limited-life guarantee on loans sold to certain third parties, and
estimates its actual liability related to the guarantee, and any indemnities
subsequently provided to the purchaser of the loans in lieu of loan repurchase,
based on historical loss experience. Actual future costs associated
with loans guaranteed or indemnified could differ materially from our current
estimated amounts. The Company has also provided certain other
guarantees and indemnifications in connection with the purchase and development
of land, including environmental indemnifications, guarantees of the completion
of land development, a loan maintenance and limited payment guaranty and minimum
net worth guarantees of certain subsidiaries. The Company estimates
these liabilities based on the estimated cost of insurance coverage or estimated
cost of acquiring a bond in the amount of the exposure. Actual future
costs associated with these guarantees and indemnifications could differ
materially from our current estimated amounts.
Segment
Information. Our reportable
business segments consist of Midwest homebuilding, Florida homebuilding,
Mid-Atlantic homebuilding and financial services. Our homebuilding
operations derive a majority of their revenue from constructing single-family
homes in ten markets in the United States. Our operations in the ten
markets each individually represent an operating segment in accordance with SFAS
No. 131, “Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”
(“SFAS 131”). Prior to the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company’s
homebuilding operations were aggregated into a single reportable homebuilding
segment due to the manner in which the operations were managed and similar
economic characteristics. During the fourth quarter of 2006, the
Company’s chief operating decision makers made a decision to change how the
homebuilding operations were managed and completed the implementation of a
regional management structure. Due to similar economic
characteristics within the homebuilding operations, the Company has aggregated
the operating segments into three regions that represent the reportable
homebuilding segments. The financial services segment generates
revenue by originating and selling mortgages and by collecting fees for title
and insurance services.
Revenue
Recognition. Revenue from the sale of a home is recognized
when the closing has occurred, title has passed and an adequate initial and
continuing investment by the homebuyer is received, in accordance with SFAS No.
66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate,” or when the loan has been sold to a
third party investor. Revenue for homes that close to the buyer
having a down-payment of 5% or greater, home closings financed by third parties,
and all home closings insured under FHA or VA government-insured programs are
recorded in the financial statements on the date of closing. Revenue
related to all other home closings initially funded by M/I Financial, is
recorded on the date that M/I Financial sells the loan to a third party
investor, because the receivable from the third party investor is not subject to
future subordination and the Company has transferred to this investor the usual
risks and rewards of ownership that is in substance a sale and does not have a
substantial continuing involvement with the home, in accordance with SFAS No.
140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and
Extinguishments of Liabilities.”
All
associated homebuilding costs are charged to cost of sales in the period when
the revenues from home closings are recognized. Homebuilding costs
include land and land development costs, home construction costs (including an
estimate of the costs to complete construction), previously capitalized
interest, real estate taxes and indirect costs, and estimated warranty
costs. All other costs are expensed as incurred. Sales
incentives, including pricing discounts and financing costs paid by the Company,
are recorded as a reduction of Revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements
of Operations. Sales incentives in the form of options or upgrades
are recorded in homebuilding costs in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force
No. 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer
(Including a Reseller of a Vendor’s Products).”
We
recognize the majority of the revenue associated with our mortgage loan
operations when the mortgage loans and related servicing rights are sold to
third party investors. We defer the application and origination fees,
net of costs, and recognize them as revenue, along with the associated gains or
losses on the sale of the loans and related servicing rights, when the loans are
sold to third party investors in accordance with SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for
Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring
Loans.” The revenue recognized is reduced by the fair value of the
related guarantee provided to the investor. The fair value of the
guarantee is recognized in revenue when the Company is released from its
obligation under the guarantee. Generally, all of the financial
services mortgage loans and related servicing rights are sold to third party
investors within two weeks of origination. We recognize financial
services revenue associated with our title operations as homes are closed,
closing services are rendered and title policies are issued, all of which
generally occur simultaneously as each home is closed. All of the
underwriting risk associated with title insurance policies is transferred to
third party insurers.
Warranty. Warranty
accruals are established by charging cost of sales and crediting a warranty
accrual for each home closed. The amounts charged are estimated by
management to be adequate to cover expected warranty-related
51
costs for
materials and outside labor required under the Company’s warranty
programs. Accruals are recorded for warranties under the following
warranty programs:
● | Home Builder’s Limited Warranty – new warranty program, which became effective for homes closed starting with the third quarter of 2007; |
● | 30-year transferable structural warranty – effective for homes closed after April 25, 1998; |
● | two-year limited warranty program – effective prior to the implementation of the new Home Builder’s Limited Warranty; and |
● | 20-year transferable structural warranty – effective for homes closed between September 1, 1989 and April 24, 1998. |
The
warranty accruals for the Home Builder’s Limited Warranty and two-year limited
warranty program are established as a percentage of average sales price, and the
structural warranty accruals are established on a per unit basis. Our
warranty accruals are based upon historical experience by geographic area and
recent trends. Factors that are given consideration in determining
the accruals include: (1) the historical range of amounts paid per average sales
price on a home; (2) type and mix of amenity packages added to the home; (3) any
warranty expenditures included in the above not considered to be normal and
recurring; (4) timing of payments; (5) improvements in quality of construction
expected to impact future warranty expenditures; (6) actuarial estimates, which
reflect both Company and industry data; and (7) conditions that may affect
certain projects and require a different percentage of average sales price for
those specific projects.
Changes
in estimates for warranties occur due to changes in the historical payment
experience and differences between the actual payment pattern experienced during
the period and the historical payment pattern used in our evaluation of the
warranty accrual balance at the end of each quarter. Actual future
warranty costs could differ from our current estimated amount.
Self-insurance. Self-insurance
accruals are made for estimated liabilities associated with employee health
care, Ohio workers’ compensation and general liability insurance. Our
self-insurance limit for employee health care is $250,000 per claim per year for
fiscal 2007, with stop loss insurance covering amounts in excess of $250,000 up
to $2,000,000 per claim per year. Our self-insurance limit for
workers’ compensation is $400,000 per claim, with stop loss insurance covering
all amounts in excess of this limit. The accruals related to employee
health care and workers’ compensation are based on historical experience and
open cases. Our general liability claims are insured by a third
party; the Company generally has a $7.5 million deductible per occurrence and
$18.25 million in the aggregate, with lower deductibles for certain types of
claims. The Company records a general liability accrual for claims
falling below the Company’s deductible. The general liability accrual
estimate is based on an actuarial evaluation of our past history of claims and
other industry specific factors. The Company has recorded expenses
totaling $3.8 million, $7.0 million and $6.4 million, respectively, for all
self-insured and general liability claims during the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005. Because of the high degree of judgment required
in determining these estimated accrual amounts, actual future costs could differ
from our current estimated amounts.
Amortization of
Debt Issuance Costs. The costs incurred in connection with the
issuance of debt are being amortized over the terms of the related
debt. Unamortized debt issuance costs of $4.4 million and $5.4
million are included in Other Assets at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Advertising and
Research and Development. The Company expenses advertising and
research and development costs as incurred. The Company expensed
$11.1 million, $12.6 million and $9.6 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively, for advertising expenses. The Company expensed $2.5
million, $4.7 million and $4.4 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, on
research and development expenses.
Derivative
Financial Instruments. To meet financing needs of our
home-buying customers, M/I Financial is party to interest rate lock commitments
(“IRLCs”), which are extended to customers who have applied for a mortgage loan
and meet certain defined credit and underwriting criteria. These
IRLCs are considered derivative financial instruments under SFAS No. 133,
“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS
133”). M/I Financial manages interest rate risk related to its IRLCs
and mortgage loans held for sale through the use of forward sales of
mortgage-backed securities (“FMBSs”), use of best-efforts whole loan delivery
commitments, and the occasional purchase of options on FMBSs in accordance with
Company policy. In determining fair value of IRLCs, M/I Financial
considers the value of the resulting loan if sold in the secondary
market. That value includes the price that the loan is expected to be
sold for along with the value of excess servicing. Neither servicing
release premiums nor net normal servicing cash flows are included in determining
the value. This determines the initial fair value, which is indexed
to zero at inception. Subsequent to inception, M/I Financial
estimates an updated fair value which is compared to the initial fair
value. In addition, M/I Financial uses fallout estimates which
fluctuate based on
52
the rate
of the IRLC in relation to current rates. In accordance with SFAS 133
and related Derivatives Implementation Group conclusions, are accounted for at
fair value, with gains or losses recorded in financial services
revenue. Certain IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale are committed
to third party investors through the use of best-efforts whole loan delivery
commitments. In accordance with SFAS 133, the IRLCs and related
best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments, which generally are highly
effective from an economic standpoint, are considered non-designated derivatives
and are accounted for at fair value, with gains or losses recorded in financial
services revenue. Under the terms of these best-efforts whole loan
delivery commitments covering mortgage loans held for sale, the specific
committed mortgage loans held for sale are identified and matched to specific
delivery commitments on a loan-by-loan basis. The delivery
commitments are designated as fair value hedges of the mortgage loans held for
sale, and both the delivery commitments and loans held for sale are recorded at
fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in financial services
revenue.
Earnings Per
Share. In accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per
Share,” basic (loss) earnings per share for the three and twelve months ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006 is computed based on the weighted average common
shares outstanding during each period. Diluted (loss) earnings per share
is computed based on the weighted average common shares outstanding along with
the stock options, equity units and stock units described in Note 3
(collectively, “stock equivalent awards”) deemed outstanding during the period,
plus the weighted average common shares that would be outstanding assuming the
conversion of stock equivalent awards, excluding the impact of such conversions
if they are anti-dilutive or would decrease the reported diluted (loss) earnings
per share. The number of anti-dilutive options that require exclusion from
the computation of (loss) earnings per share is summarized in the table
below. There are no adjustments to net (loss) income necessary in the
calculation of basic or diluted (loss) earnings per share.
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
(In
thousands, except per share amounts)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Loss
|
Shares
|
EPS
|
Income
|
Shares
|
EPS
|
Income
|
Shares
|
EPS
|
|||||||||||||||
Basic
(loss) earnings from continuing
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
operations
|
$ | (92,480 | ) | $ | 29,297 | $ | 98,574 | ||||||||||||||||
Less:
preferred stock dividends
|
$ | 7,313 | $ |
-
|
$
|
- | |||||||||||||||||
(Loss)
income to common Shareholders
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
from continuing operations
|
$ | (99,793 | ) | 13,977 | $ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 29,297 | 13,970 | $ | 2.10 | $ | 98,574 | 14,302 | $ | 6.89 | ||||||
Effect
of dilutive securities:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock
options awards
|
- | 71 | 119 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred
compensation awards
|
- | 127 | 118 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted
(loss) earnings to common
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
shareholders
from continuing
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
operations
|
$ | (99,793 | ) | 13,977 | $ | (7.14 | ) | $ | 29,297 | 14,168 | $ | 2.07 | $ | 98,574 | 14,539 | $ | 6.78 | ||||||
Anti-dilutive
stock equivalent awards
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
not included in the calculation
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
of
diluted (loss) earnings per share
|
1,159 | 707 | 247 |
Profit
Sharing. The Company has a deferred profit-sharing plan that
covers substantially all Company employees and permits members to make
contributions to the plan on a pre-tax salary basis in accordance with the
provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended. Company contributions to the plan are made at the discretion
of the Company’s Board of Directors and totaled $0.2 million, $1.9 million and
$2.7 million for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Deferred
Compensation Plans. Effective November 1, 1998, the Company
adopted the Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Executive Plan”), a
non-qualified deferred compensation plan. The purpose of the
Executive Plan is to provide an opportunity for certain eligible employees of
the Company to defer a portion of their compensation and to invest in the
Company’s common shares. In 1997, the Company adopted the Director
Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Director Plan”) to provide its directors with
an opportunity to defer their director compensation and to invest in the
Company’s common shares. Further information relating to the
Executive Plan and Director Plan are included in Note 3.
Stock-Based
Compensation. In 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of
SFAS No. 123(R), “Share Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”), which requires that
companies measure and recognize compensation expense at an amount equal to the
fair value of share-based payments granted under compensation
arrangements. We calculate the fair value of stock options using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model. Determining the fair value of
share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment in developing
assumptions, which involve a number of variables. These variables
include, but are not limited to, the expected stock price volatility over the
term of the awards, the expected dividend yield, and the expected term of the
option. In addition, we also use judgment in estimating the number
of
53
share-based
awards that are expected to be forfeited. Further information
relating to stock-based compensation is included in Note 3.
Reclassifications. Certain
amounts in the 2006 Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statements of
Operations and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for previous years
presented herein have been reclassified to conform to the 2007
presentation. The Company believes these reclassifications are
immaterial to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Income
Taxes—Valuation
Allowance. In
accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”), a
valuation allowance is recorded against a deferred tax asset if, based on the
weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not (a likelihood of more
than 50%) that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be
realized. The realization of a deferred tax asset ultimately depends on
the existence of sufficient taxable income in either the carryback or
carryforward periods under tax law. The four sources of taxable income to
be considered in determining whether a valuation allowance is required
include:
●
|
future reversals of existing taxable temporaty differences (i.e., offset gross deferred tas assets against gross deferred tax liabilities); |
●
|
taxable income in prior carryback years; |
●
|
tax planning strategies; and |
●
|
future taxable income exclutive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards. |
Determining
whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is necessary requires an
analysis of both positive and negative evidence regarding realization of the
deferred tax assets. Examples of positive evidence may include:
●
|
a strong earings history exclutive of the loss that created the deductible temporary differences, coupled with evidence indicating that the loss is the result of an aberration rather than a continuing condition; |
●
|
an excess of appreciated asset value over the tax basis of a company's net assets in an amount sufficient to realize the deferred tas asset; and |
●
|
existing backlog
that will produce more than enough taxable income to realize
the deferred tax asset based on existing sales and prices and cost
structures.
|
Examples
of negative evidence may include:
●
|
the existence of "cumulative losses" (defined as a pre-tax cumulative loss for the business cycle - in our case four years); |
●
|
an expectation of being in acumulative loss position in a future reporting period; |
●
|
a carryback or carryforward period that is so breif that it would limite the realization of tax benefits; |
●
|
a history of operating loss or tax credit carryforwads expiring unused; and |
●
|
unsettled circumstances that, if unfavorably resolved, would adversely affect future operations and prodit levels on a continuing basis. |
The
weight given to the potential effect of negative and positive evidence should be
commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. A
company must use judgment in considering the relative impact of positive and
negative evidence. At December 31, 2007, after considering a number
of factors, most notably our strong earnings history, we did not establish a
valuation allowance, except for $250,000 related to the phase out of income
taxes in the State of Ohio.
Future
adjustments to our deferred tax asset valuation allowance will be determined
based upon changes in the expected realization of our net deferred tax assets.
For example, the valuation allowance could change significantly if the
$67.9 million of net deferred tax assets remaining at
December 31, 2007 is not realized during fiscal 2008 through federal
or state carryback or reversals of existing taxable temporary differences.
This could occur if actual levels of home closings and/or land sales
during 2008 are less than currently projected. Additionally, our
determination with respect to recording a valuation allowance may be further
impacted by, among other things:
●
|
additional inventory impairments; |
●
|
additional pre-tax operating losses; or |
●
|
the utlization of tax planning strategies that could accelerate the realization of certain deferred tax assets. |
Additionally,
due to the considerable estimates utilized in establishing a valuation allowance
and the potential for changes in facts and circumstances in future reporting
periods, it is reasonably possible that we will be required to either increase
or decrease our valuation allowance in future reporting periods.
Income Taxes—FIN
48. The Company
evaluates tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken in tax
returns, and records the associated tax benefit or liability in accordance with
Financial Accounting Standards
54
Board
(“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”
(“FIN 48”). Tax positions are recognized when it is more likely than
not that the tax position would be sustained upon examination. The
tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that has a greater
than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Interest and
penalties for all uncertain tax positions are recorded within (Benefit)
Provision for Income Taxes in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations.
Impact of New
Accounting Standards.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS
157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value by clarifying the exchange price
notion presented in earlier definitions and providing a framework for measuring
fair value. SFAS 157 also expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued
for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within
those years. As of December 31, 2007, SFAS 157 has been delayed for
certain non-financial assets and liabilities. Any assets or
liabilities that the Company would apply SFAS 157 to are included in this delay,
and therefore the Company is still in the process of determining the impact, if
any, the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on its financial
statements.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159
allows companies to measure many financial instruments and certain other items
at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair
value. SFAS 159 also provides presentation and disclosure
requirements that will enable users to compare similar types of assets and
liabilities of different entities that have different measurement
attributes. The Company adopted SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008, which is
not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial
statements.
NOTE
2. Discontinued Operation
On
December 27, 2007, the Company sold substantially all of its West Palm
Beach, Florida division to a private builder and announced it would
exit this market. The sale generated total gross proceeds of $45
million. The Company retained 36 units of backlog with a sales value
of $13.6 million to be completed and delivered through approximately June
2008. The Company recorded impairment charges of $58.9 million
relating to the sale of its West Palm Beach operations.
In
accordance with SFAS 144 results of our West Palm Beach division have been
classified as a discontinued operation, and prior periods have been restated to
be consistent with the December 31, 2007 presentation. The Company’s
Consolidated Balance Sheets reflect the assets and liabilities of the
discontinued operation as separate line items, and the operations of its West
Palm Beach division for the current and prior periods are reported in
discontinued operations on the Consolidated Statements of
Operations. Discontinued operation includes revenues from our West
Palm Beach division of $83.8 million, $85.1 million and $35.1 million for the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and a pre-tax loss
of $57.8 million and pre-tax income of $14.8 million and $3.5 million for those
same periods. During 2007, a pre-tax charge of $58.9 million relating
to the impairment of inventory was charged to our West Palm Beach division, of
which $43.0 million occurred in the fourth quarter of
2007. Discontinued operation includes $1.3 million, $0.4 million and
$0.6 million of interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005, respectively. Interest expense was allocated to West Palm Beach
operations based on weighted average net investment at the Company’s weighted
average borrowing rate.
NOTE
3. Stock-Based Compensation
The
Company has two plans that allow for the granting of stock options, performance
stock options and stock appreciation rights, and awarding of restricted common
stock to certain key officers, employees and directors. Prior to
January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for its stock-based compensation plans
under the recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion 25, “Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations, and recognized no
compensation expense for stock option grants since all options granted had an
exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the
date of grant. The Company applied the provisions of FASB Staff
Position FAS 123(R), “Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax
Effect of Share-Based Payment Arrangements” to compute the beginning amount
available for use in offsetting future tax deficiencies relating to stock-based
compensation.
55
Stock
Incentive Plan
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company has a stock incentive plan (the 1993 Stock
Incentive Plan as Amended, or the “Stock Incentive Plan”) approved by the
Company’s shareholders, that includes stock options, restricted stock and stock
appreciation programs, under which the maximum number of common shares that may
be granted under the plan in each calendar year shall be 5% of the total issued
and outstanding common shares as of the first day of each such year the plan is
in effect. Stock options are granted at the market price of the
Company’s common shares at the close of business on the date of
grant. Options awarded generally vest 20% annually over five years
and expire after ten years, with vesting accelerated upon the employee’s death
or disability or upon a change of control of the Company. Shares
issued upon option exercise are from treasury shares. As of December
31, 2007, 66,854 restricted common shares had been granted under the restricted
stock program and there were no awards granted under the stock appreciation
program. During 2007, 3,001 restricted performance shares were
granted and earned. The restricted common shares vest 33 1/3% over
three years, beginning in the year of grant, with the number of equity awards
that will ultimately vest being based upon certain performance
conditions.
Following
is a summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2007,
relating to the stock options awarded under the Stock Incentive
Plan.
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (a) (In thousands)
|
||||||
Options
outstanding at December 31, 2006
|
854,400 | $ |
40.74
|
7.44
|
$ |
3,373
|
|||
Granted
|
275,450 |
33.86
|
|||||||
Exercised
|
(37,400 | ) |
21.46
|
||||||
Forfeited
|
(94,100 | ) |
43.44
|
||||||
Options
outstanding at December 31, 2007
|
998,350 | $ |
39.31
|
7.20
|
$ |
48
|
|||
Options
vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2007
|
915,588 | $ |
39.03
|
7.13
|
$ |
48
|
|||
Options
exercisable at December 31, 2007
|
563,550 | $ |
38.46
|
6.37
|
$ |
48
|
(a)
|
Intrinsic
value is defined as the amount by which the fair value of the underlying
common shares exceeds the exercise price of the
option.
|
The
aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during each of the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006 was approximately $0.4 million, and was approximately
$3.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2005.
The fair
value of our five-year stock options granted during the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005 was established at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes
pricing model with the weighted average assumptions as follows:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||||
Expected
dividend yield
|
0.25 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.23 | % | |||||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
4.80 | % | 4.35 | % | 3.77 | % | |||||
Expected
volatility
|
33.9 | % | 34.8 | % | 29.2 | % | |||||
Expected
term (in years)
|
5.0 | 6.5 | 6 | ||||||||
Weighted
average grant date fair value of options granted during the
period
|
$ | 12.60 | $ | 17.71 | $ | 19.38 |
The fair
value of our three-year stock options granted during the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was established at the date of grant using a
Black-Scholes pricing model with the weighted average assumptions as
follows:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Expected
dividend yield
|
0.25 | % |
-
|
-
|
|||||
Risk-free
interest rate
|
4.84 | % |
-
|
-
|
|||||
Expected
volatility
|
31.9 | % |
-
|
-
|
|||||
Expected
term (in years)
|
3.0 |
-
|
-
|
||||||
Weighted
average grant date fair value of options granted during the
period
|
$ | 9.19 |
-
|
-
|
Following
is a summary of restricted share activity for the year ended December 31, 2007,
relating to the restricted shares awarded under the Stock Incentive
Plan.
Shares
|
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value
|
||
Nonvested
restricted shares at December 31, 2006
|
-
|
$ -
|
|
Grants
|
3,001
|
33.86
|
|
Vested
|
-
|
||
Forfeited
|
-
|
||
Nonvested
restricted shares at December 31, 2007
|
3,001
|
$33.86
|
56
The
risk-free interest rate was based upon the U.S. Treasury constant maturity rate
at the date of the grant. Expected volatility is based on an average
of (1) historical volatility of the Company’s stock and (2) implied
volatility from traded options on the Company’s stock. The risk-free rate
for periods within the contractual life of the stock option award is based on
the yield curve of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bond on the date the stock option
award is granted with a maturity equal to the expected term of the stock option
award granted. The Company uses historical data to estimate stock option
exercises and forfeitures within its valuation model. The expected life of
stock option awards granted is derived from historical exercise experience under
the Company’s share-based payment plans and represents the period of time that
stock option awards granted are expected to be outstanding.
Total
compensation expense that has been charged against income relating to the Stock
Incentive Plan was $3.2 million and $2.7 million for the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The total income tax benefit
recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for this plan was $1.2
million and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. As of December 31, 2007, there was a total of $6.3
million, $0.3 million and less than $0.1 million of unrecognized compensation
expense related to unvested stock option awards that will be recognized as
compensation expense as the awards vest over a weighted average period of 2.0
years, 1.5 years and 1.8 years for the service awards, bonus awards and
performance-based awards, respectively. SFAS 123(R) requires the
benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation expense reported
in the Statement of Cash Flows as a financing cash inflow rather than an
operating cash inflow. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, the Company’s excess tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements
were $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
Director
Equity Plan
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company has the 2006 Director Equity Incentive Plan (the
“Director Equity Plan”). The Director Equity Plan includes stock
options, restricted stock, stock units and whole share programs. The
maximum number of common shares that may be granted under the plan is
200,000. In May 2007, the Company awarded 6,000 stock units under the
Director Equity Plan. One stock unit is the equivalent of one common
share. Stock units and the related dividends will be converted to
common shares upon termination of service as a director. The stock
units granted under the Director Equity Plan vest immediately; therefore,
compensation expense relating to the stock units issued in May 2007 was
recognized entirely on the grant date. The amount of expense per
stock unit was equal to the $30.11 closing price of the Company’s common shares
on the date of grant, resulting in expense totaling $0.2 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007. In 2006, the Company awarded 11,000 stock
units under the Director Equity Plan, resulting in expense totaling $0.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Deferred
Compensation Plans
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company also has an Executive Plan and a Director Plan
(together the “Plans”), which provide an opportunity for the Company’s directors
and certain eligible employees of the Company to defer a portion of their cash
compensation to invest in the Company’s common shares. Compensation
expense deferred into the Plans totaled $0.8 million for the year ended December
31, 2007 and $1.0 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2005. The portion of cash compensation deferred by employees and
directors under the Plans is invested in fully-vested equity units in the
Plans. One equity unit is the equivalent of one common
share. Equity units and the related dividends will be converted and
distributed to the employee or director in the form of common shares at the
earlier of his or her elected distribution date or termination of service as an
employee or director of the Company. Distributions from the Plans
totaled $0.9 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively, during the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. As of December 31,
2007, there were a total of 100,532 equity units outstanding under the
Plans. The aggregate fair market value of these units at December 31,
2007, based on the closing price of the underlying common shares, was
approximately $1.1 million, and the associated deferred tax benefit the Company
would recognize if the outstanding units were distributed was $1.1 million as of
December 31, 2007. Common shares are issued from treasury shares upon
distribution of deferred compensation from the Plans.
57
NOTE
4. Inventory
A summary
of the Company’s inventory as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 is as
follows:
December 31,
|
December 31,
|
||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||
Single-family
lots, land and land development costs
|
$ | 489,953 | $ | 709,565 | |
Land
held for sale
|
8,523 | 21,803 | |||
Homes
under construction
|
264,912 | 329,750 | |||
Model
homes and furnishings - at cost (less accumulated
depreciation: December 31, 2007 - $1,236;
|
|||||
December
31, 2006 - $281)
|
11,750 | 4,335 | |||
Community
development district infrastructure
|
11,625 | 18,525 | |||
Land
purchase deposits
|
4,431 | 3,735 | |||
Consolidated
inventory not owned
|
6,135 | 5,026 | |||
Total
inventory
|
$ | 797,329 | $ | 1,092,739 |
Single-family
lots, land and land development costs include raw land that the Company has
purchased to develop into lots, costs incurred to develop the raw land into
lots, and lots for which development has been completed but have not yet been
used to start construction of a home.
Land held
for sale includes land that meets all of the following criteria, as defined in
SFAS 144: (1) management, having the authority to approve the action,
commits to a plan to sell the asset; (2) the asset is available for immediate
sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary
for sales of such assets; (3) an active program to locate a buyer and other
actions required to complete the plan to sell the asset have been initiated; (4)
the sale of the asset is probable, and transfer of the asset is expected to
qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year; (5) the asset is
being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to
its current fair value; and (6) actions required to complete the plan indicate
that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that
the plan will be withdrawn. In accordance with SFAS 144, the Company
records land held for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less
costs to sell.
Homes
under construction include homes that are finished and ready for delivery and
homes in various stages of construction. As of December 31, 2007 and
December 31, 2006, we had 632 homes (valued at $117.7 million) and 696
homes (valued at $125.2 million), respectively, included in homes under
construction that were not subject to a sales contract.
Model
homes and furnishings include homes that are under construction or have been
completed and are being used as sales models. The amount also
includes the net book value of furnishings included in our model
homes. Depreciation on model home furnishings is recorded using an
accelerated method over the estimated useful life of the assets, typically three
years.
The
Company assesses inventories for recoverability in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS 144, which requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for
impairment whenever events or changes in local or national economic conditions
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. Refer to Note 5 for additional details relating to our
procedures for evaluating our inventories for impairment.
Land
purchase deposits include both refundable and non-refundable amounts paid to
third party sellers relating to the purchase of land. On an ongoing
basis, the Company evaluates the land option agreements relating to the land
purchase deposits. In the period during which the Company makes the
decision not to proceed with the purchase of land under an agreement, the
Company writes off any deposits and accumulated pre-acquisition costs relating
to such agreement. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
the Company wrote off $3.6 million and $7.0 million, respectively, in option
deposits and pre-acquisition costs. Refer to Note 5 for additional
details relating to write-offs of land option deposits and pre-acquisition
costs.
NOTE
5. Valuation Adjustments and Write-offs
The
Company assesses inventories for recoverability in accordance with the
provisions of SFAS 144, which requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for
impairment whenever events or changes in local or national economic conditions
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable.
Operating
communities. For existing operating communities, the
recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the
assets to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets
based on home sales. These estimated cash flows are developed based
primarily on management’s assumptions relating to the specific
community. The significant assumptions used to evaluate the
recoverability of assets include the timing of development and/or marketing
phases, projected sales price and sales pace of each existing or planned
community and the estimated land development and home construction and selling
costs of the community.
58
Future
communities. For raw land or land under development that
management anticipates will be utilized for future homebuilding activities, the
recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the
assets to future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets
based on home sales, consistent with the evaluations performed for operating
communities discussed above.
For raw
land, land under development or lots that management intends to market for sale
to a third party, but that do not meet all of the criteria to be classified as
land held for sale as discussed above in Note 4, the recoverability of the
assets is determined based on either the estimated net sales proceeds expected
to be realized on the sale of the assets, or the estimated fair value determined
using cash flow valuation techniques.
If the
Company has not yet determined whether raw land or land under development will
be utilized for future homebuilding activities or marketed for sale to a third
party, the Company assesses the recoverability of the inventory using a
probability-weighted approach, in accordance with SFAS 144.
Land held for
sale. Land held for sale includes land that meets the six
criteria defined in SFAS 144, as further discussed above in Note
4. In accordance with SFAS 144, the Company records land held for
sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less costs to
sell. Fair value is determined based on the expected third
party sale proceeds.
Investments in
unconsolidated limited liability companies. The Company
assesses investments in unconsolidated LLCs for impairment in accordance with
APB 18 and SAB Topic 5M. When evaluating the LLCs, if the fair
value of the investment is less than the investment carrying value, and the
Company determines the decline in value is other than temporary, the Company
would write down the investment to fair value. The Company’s LLCs
engage in land acquisition and development activities for the purpose of selling
or distributing (in the form of a capital distribution) developed lots to the
Company and its partners in the entity, as further discussed in Note
8.
The
investment value of the LLCs that were impaired during the twelve month period
ending December 31, 2007, net of impairment charges and write-offs of $13.1
million, was $11.1 million at December 31, 2007.
A summary
of the Company’s valuation adjustments and write-offs for the twelve months
ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Impairment
of operating communities:
|
||||||||
Midwest
|
$ | 6,600 | $ | 17,747 | $ | - | ||
Florida
|
22,985 | 1,273 | - | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
33,691 | 33,670 | - | |||||
Total
impairment of operating communities (a)
|
$ | 63,276 | $ | 52,690 | $ | - | ||
Impairment
of future communities:
|
||||||||
Midwest
|
$ | 1,527 | $ | 1,077 | $ | - | ||
Florida
|
12,619 | 1,375 | - | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
6,923 | 7,604 | - | |||||
Total
impairment of future communities (a)
|
$ | 21,069 | $ | 10,056 | $ | - | ||
Impairment
of land held for sale:
|
||||||||
Midwest
|
$ | - | $ | 1,921 | $ | - | ||
Florida
|
37,701 | - | - | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
13,206 | - | - | |||||
Total
impairment of land held for sale (a)
|
$ | 50,907 | $ | 1,921 | $ | - | ||
Option
deposits and pre-acquisition costs write-offs:
|
||||||||
Midwest
|
$ | 676 | $ | 3,713 | $ | - | ||
Florida
(b)
|
1,840 | 2,630 | - | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
1,096 | 632 | - | |||||
Total
option deposits and pre-acquisition costs write-offs (c)
|
$ | 3,612 | $ | 6,975 | $ | - | ||
Impairment
of investments in unconsolidated LLCs:
|
||||||||
Midwest
|
$ | - | $ | 562 | $ | - | ||
Florida
|
13,125 | 1,878 | - | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
|
- | - | - | |||||
Total
impairment of investments in unconsolidated LLCs (a)
|
$ | 13,125 | $ | 2,440 | $ | - | ||
Total
impairments and write-offs of option deposits and
|
||||||||
pre-acquisition
costs (d)
|
$ | 151,989 | $ | 74,082 | $ | - |
(a)
Amounts are recorded within Impairment of Inventory and Investment in
Unconsolidated Limited Liability Companies in the Company’s Condensed
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(b)
Includes the Company’s $0.8 million share of the write-off of an option deposit
in 2007 that is included in Equity in Undistributed Loss (Income) of Limited
Liability Companies in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Cash
Flows.
(c)
Amounts are recorded within General and Administrative Expense in the Company’s
Consolidated Statement of Operations.
(d) Total
impairment excludes impairment of our West Palm Beach, Florida division of $58.9
million and $4.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively, which are included in discontinued operation.
59
The
carrying value of the communities included in current communities, future
communities and land held for sale that were impaired during the twelve month
period ending December 31, 2007, net of impairment charges and write-offs of
$138.9 million, was $175.4 million at December 31, 2007.
NOTE
6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The
Company evaluates goodwill for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 142,
“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” and evaluates finite-lived intangible
assets for impairment in accordance with SFAS 144. During the second
quarter of 2007, the Company made a decision, primarily due to market
conditions, to discontinue the use of the Shamrock name and other intangible
assets that were acquired as part of the July 2005 acquisition of Shamrock
Homes, a Florida homebuilder, and as a result wrote off the $3.6 million
remaining unamortized balance of these intangible assets. The Company
also determined that the goodwill associated with this acquisition was impaired
due to continued adverse market conditions, and wrote off the $1.6 million
goodwill balance.
NOTE
7. Transactions with Related Parties
During
2007 and 2006, the Company sold land for approximately $0.8 million and $0.4
million, respectively, to an entity owned by an employee of the Company and by a
related party of one of the Company’s executive officers,
respectively. These transactions were ratified by the independent
members of the Board of Directors. In addition, during 2005, the
Company paid $0.4 million to a related party for the assignment of a land
purchase agreement to the Company.
The
Company made payments in the normal course of business totaling $3.1 million,
$4.5 million and $3.8 million during 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, to
certain construction subcontractors and vendors who are related parties for work
performed in the construction of certain of our homes. The Company
also leased model homes, community sales offices and an administrative office
from various related parties, and made payments totaling approximately $0.3
million during both 2007 and 2006 and $0.4 million during 2005 for the use of
the homes as sales models and the use of the community sales and administrative
offices in our operations.
The
Company made contributions totaling $0.5 million during 2006 and 2005,
respectively, to the M/I Homes Foundation, a charitable organization having
certain officers and directors of the Company on its Board of
Trustees. No contributions were made during 2007.
The
Company had receivables totaling $0.7 million in each of the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, due from executive officers, relating to amounts
owed to the Company for split-dollar life insurance policy
premiums. The Company will collect the receivable either directly
from the executive officer, if employment terminates other than by death, or
from the executive officer’s beneficiary, if employment terminates due to death
of the executive officer. The receivables are recorded in Other
Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
NOTE
8. Investment in Unconsolidated Limited Liability
Companies
At
December 31, 2007, the Company had interests ranging from 33% to 50% in limited
liability companies (“LLCs”) that do not meet the criteria of variable interest
entities because each of the entities had sufficient equity at risk to permit
the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated support
from the equity investors, and three of these LLCs have outside financing that
is not guaranteed by the Company. These LLCs engage in land
acquisition and development activities for the purpose of selling or
distributing (in the form of a capital distribution) developed lots to the
Company and its partners in the entity. In certain of these LLCs, the
Company and its partner in the entity have provided the lenders with
environmental indemnifications and guarantees of the completion of land
development, a loan maintenance and limited payment guaranty and guarantees of
minimum net worth levels of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries as more fully
described in Note 9 below. The Company’s maximum exposure related to
its investment in these entities as of December 31, 2007 is the amount invested
of $40.3 million plus letters of credit of $5.2 million and the estimated
possible future obligation of $25.1 million under the guarantees and
indemnifications discussed in Note 9 below. Included in the Company’s
investment in LLCs at December 31, 2007 and 2006 are $2.0 million and $1.3
million, respectively, of capitalized interest and other costs. The
Company does not have a controlling interest in these LLCs; therefore, they are
recorded using the equity method of accounting. The Company received
distributions of developed lots at cost totaling $7.9 million, $16.6 million and
$10.3 million in developed lots at cost in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
60
In one of
our joint ventures with financing we have not met certain obligations under the
loan agreement which has resulted in the joint venture being in
default. The joint venture is redefining the business plan and
continues to proceed in discussions with the lender. Although we
continue to have discussions with both our builder partner and lender, there can
be no assurance that we will be able to successfully re-negotiate or extend, on
terms we deem acceptable, the joint venture loan. The loan is
non-recourse to the Company. If we are unsuccessful in these efforts,
it may result in the write-off of our investment of $3.3 million.
In
accordance with APB Opinion 18 and SEC SAB Topic 5.M, the Company evaluates its
investment in unconsolidated LLCs for potential impairment. If the
fair value of the investment is less than the investment carrying value, and the
Company determines the decline in value was other than temporary, the Company
would write down the investment to fair value. During the year ended
December 31, 2007, the Company recorded $13.1 million of impairment of its
investment in unconsolidated LLCs. The impairment charges relate to
two unconsolidated LLCs in the Company’s Florida region.
Summarized
condensed combined financial information for the LLCs that are included in the
homebuilding segments as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2007 is as follows:
December
31,
|
|||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||
Assets:
|
|||||
Single-family
lots, land and land development costs
|
$ | 165,646 | $ | 159,181 | |
Other
assets
|
3,989 | 3,199 | |||
Total
assets
|
$ | 169,635 | $ | 162,380 | |
Liabilities
and partners’ equity:
|
|||||
Liabilities:
|
|||||
Notes
payable
|
$ | 71,490 | $ | 62,441 | |
Other
liabilities
|
8,429 | 1,493 | |||
Total
liabilities
|
$ | 79,919 | $ | 63,934 | |
Partners’
equity:
|
|||||
Company’s
equity
|
$ | 40,343 | $ | 49,648 | |
Other
equity
|
49,373 | 48,798 | |||
Total
partners’ equity
|
$ | 89,716 | $ | 98,446 | |
Total
liabilities and partners’ equity
|
$ | 169,635 | $ | 162,380 |
Summarized
Condensed Combined Statements of Operations:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 1,081 | $ | 275 | $ | - | |||
Costs
and expenses
|
2,713 | 301 | 54 | ||||||
Loss
|
$ | (1,632 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | $ | (54 | ) |
The
Company’s total equity in the loss relating to the above homebuilding LLCs was
approximately $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, and $0.1
million in each of the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
NOTE
9. Guarantees and Indemnities
Warranty. During
2007, the Company implemented a new limited warranty program (“Home Builder’s
Limited Warranty”) in conjunction with its thirty-year transferable structural
limited warranty, on homes closed after the implementation date. The
Home Builder’s Limited Warranty covers construction defects and certain damage
resulting from construction defects for a statutory period based on geographic
market and state law (currently ranging from five to ten years for the states in
which the Company operates) and includes a mandatory arbitration
clause. Prior to this new warranty program, the Company provided up
to a two-year limited warranty on materials and workmanship and a twenty-year
(for homes closed between 1989 and 1998) and a thirty-year (for homes closed
during or after 1998) transferable limited warranty against major structural
defects. The Company does not believe that this change in warranty
program will significantly impact its warranty expense.
Warranty
expense is accrued as the home sale is recognized and is intended to cover
estimated material and outside labor costs to be incurred during the warranty
period. The accrual amounts are based upon historical experience and
geographic location. A summary of warranty activity for the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
61
Year Ended December 31,
|
||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
||||
Warranty
accruals, beginning of year
|
$ | 14,095 | $ | 13,940 | ||
Warranty
expense on homes delivered during the period
|
7,709 | 9,899 | ||||
Changes
in estimates for pre-existing warranties
|
18 | (272 | ) | |||
Settlements
made during the period
|
(9,816 | ) | (9,472 | ) | ||
Warranty
accruals, end of year
|
$ | 12,006 | $ | 14,095 |
Guarantees
and Indemnities
In the
ordinary course of business, M/I Financial enters into agreements that guarantee
certain purchasers of its mortgage loans that M/I Financial will repurchase a
loan if certain conditions occur, primarily if the mortgagor does not meet those
conditions of the loan within the first six months after the sale of the
loan. Loans totaling approximately $174.8 million and $174.0 million
were covered under the above guarantee as of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. A portion of the revenue paid to M/I Financial for
providing the guarantee on the above loans was deferred at December 31, 2007,
and will be recognized in income as M/I Financial is released from its
obligation under the guarantee. M/I Financial did not repurchase any
loans under the above agreements in 2007 or 2006, but has provided
indemnifications to third party investors in lieu of repurchasing certain
loans. The total of these loans indemnified by M/I Financial was
approximately $2.4 million as of both December 31, 2007 and 2006. The
risk associated with the guarantees and indemnities above is offset by the value
of the underlying assets. The Company has accrued management’s best
estimate of the probable loss on the above loans.
M/I
Financial has also guaranteed the collectibility of certain loans to third-party
insurers of those loans for periods ranging from five to thirty
years. The maximum potential amount of future payments is equal to
the outstanding loan value less the value of the underlying asset plus
administrative costs incurred related to foreclosure on the loans, should this
event occur. The total of these costs are estimated to be $1.9
million and $2.1 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and would
be offset by the value of the underlying assets. The Company has
accrued management’s best estimate of the probable loss on the above
loans.
The
Company has also provided certain other guarantees and
indemnifications. The Company has provided an environmental
indemnification to an unrelated third party seller of land in connection with
the Company’s purchase of that land. In addition, the Company has
provided environmental indemnifications, guarantees for the completion of land
development, a loan maintenance and limited payment guaranty, and minimum net
worth guarantees of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries in connection with
outside financing provided by lenders to certain of our 50% owned
LLCs. Under the environmental indemnifications, the Company and its
partner in the applicable LLC are jointly and severally liable for any
environmental claims relating to the property that are brought against the
lender. Under the land development completion guarantees, the Company
and its partner in the applicable LLC are jointly and severally liable to incur
any and all costs necessary to complete the development of the land in the event
that the LLC fails to complete the project. Management estimates the
maximum amount that the Company could be required to pay under the completion
guarantees was approximately $12.9 million and $11.1 million as of December 31,
2007 and 2006, respectively. The risk associated with these
guarantees is offset by the value of the underlying assets. Under the
loan maintenance guaranty, the Company and the applicable LLC partner have
jointly and severally agreed to the third party lender to fund any shortfall in
the event the ratio of the loan balance to the current fair market value of the
property under development by the LLC is below a certain
threshold. As of December 31, 2007, the total maximum amount of
future payments the Company could be required to make under the loan maintenance
guaranty was approximately $12.2 million. Under the above guarantees
and indemnifications, the LLC operating agreements provide recourse against our
LLC partners for 50% of any actual liability associated with the environmental
indemnifications, completion guarantees and loan maintenance
guaranty.
The
Company has recorded a liability relating to the guarantees and indemnities
described above totaling $2.3 million and $2.5 million at December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively, which is management’s best estimate of the fair value of the
Company’s liability.
The
Company has also provided a guarantee of the performance and payment obligations
of its wholly-owned subsidiary, M/I Financial, up to an aggregate principle
amount of $13.0 million. The guarantee was provided to a
government-sponsored enterprise to which M/I Financial delivers
loans.
NOTE
10. Commitments and Contingencies
At
December 31, 2007, the Company had sales agreements outstanding, some of which
have contingencies for financing approval, to deliver 748 homes with an
aggregate sales price of approximately $233.1 million. Based on our
current housing gross margin of 12.6%, excluding the charge for impairment of
inventory, plus variable selling
62
costs of
3.4% of revenue, less payments to date on homes in backlog of $119.5 million, we
estimate payments totaling approximately $92.1 million to be made in 2008
relating to those homes. At December 31, 2007, the Company also has
options and contingent purchase agreements to acquire land and developed lots
with an aggregate purchase price of approximately $133.9
million. Purchase of properties is contingent upon satisfaction of
certain requirements by the Company and the sellers.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company had outstanding $134.2 million of completion
bonds and standby letters of credit, some of which were issued to various local
governmental entities that expire at various times through December
2015. Included in this total are: (1) $81.2 million of performance
bonds and $27.0 million of performance letters of credit that serve as
completion bonds for land development work in progress (including the Company’s
$5.2 million share of our LLCs’ letters of credit and bonds); (2) $20.1 million
of financial letters of credit, of which $1.9 million represent deposits on land
and lot purchase agreements and (3) $5.9 million of financial
bonds.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has outstanding $1.5 million of corporate
promissory notes. These notes are due and payable in full upon
default of the Company under agreements to purchase land or lots from third
parties. No interest or principal is due until the time of
default. In the event that the Company performs under these purchase
agreements without default, the notes will become null and void and no payment
will be required.
At
December 31, 2007, the Company has $0.2 million of certificates of deposit
included in Other Assets that have been pledged as collateral for mortgage loans
sold to third parties, and, therefore, are restricted from general
use.
The
Company and certain of its subsidiaries have been named as defendants in various
claims, complaints and other legal actions incidental to the Company’s
business. Certain of the liabilities resulting from these actions are
covered by insurance. While management currently believes that the
ultimate resolution of these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or
overall trends in results of operations, such matters are subject to inherent
uncertainties. The Company has recorded a liability to provide for
the anticipated costs, including legal defense costs, associated with the
resolution of these matters. However, there exists the possibility
that the costs to resolve these matters could differ from the recorded estimates
and, therefore, have a material adverse impact on the Company’s net income for
the periods in which the matters are resolved.
NOTE
11. Lease Commitments
Operating
Leases. The Company leases various office facilities,
automobiles, model furnishings and model homes under operating leases with
remaining terms of one to ten years. The Company sells model homes to
investors with the express purpose of leasing the homes back as sales models for
a specified period of time. The Company records the sale of the home
at the time of the home closing, and defers profit on the sale, which is
subsequently recognized over the lease term, in accordance with SFAS No. 66,
“Statement of Financial Accounting Standards” and SFAS No. 98, “Accounting for
Leases: Sale-Leaseback Transactions Involving Real Estate, Sales-Type Leases of
Real Estate, Definition of the Lease Term, and Initial Direct Costs of Direct
Financing Leases-an amendment of FASB Statements No. 13, 66, and 91 and a
rescission of FASB Statement No. 26 and Technical Bulletin No.
79-11.”
At December
31, 2007, the future minimum rental commitments totaled $20.5 million under
non-cancelable operating leases with initial terms in excess of one year as
follows: 2008 - $6.4 million; 2009 - $3.6 million; 2010 - $2.9
million; 2011 - $3.0 million; 2012 - $2.6 million; and $2.0 million
thereafter. The Company’s total rental expense was $14.8 million,
$12.7 million and $10.7 million for 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Capital
Leases. During 2007, the Company entered into various model
furnishing leases that meet the criteria for recording as capital
leases. At December 31, 2007, the Company had recorded in Other
Liabilities $0.9 million of capital lease obligations, with future minimum
rental commitments of $0.6 million in 2008.
NOTE 12. Community
Development District Infrastructure and Related Obligations
A
Community Development District and/or Community Development Authority (“CDD”) is
a unit of local government created under various state and/or local statutes to
encourage planned community development and to allow for the construction and
maintenance of long-term infrastructure through alternative financing sources,
including the tax-exempt markets. A CDD is generally created through
the approval of the local city or county in which the CDD is located and is
controlled by a Board of Supervisors representing the landowners within the
CDD. CDDs may utilize bond financing to fund construction or
acquisition of certain on-site and off-site infrastructure improvements near or
within these communities. CDDs are also granted the power to levy
special assessments to impose ad valorem taxes, rates, fees and other charges
for the use of the CDD project. An allocated share of
the
63
principal
and interest on the bonds issued by the CDD is assigned to and constitutes a
lien on each parcel within the community evidenced by an assessment
(“Assessment”). The owner of each such parcel is responsible for the
payment of the Assessment on that parcel. If the owner of the parcel
fails to pay the Assessment, the CDD may foreclose on the lien pursuant to
powers conferred to the CDD under applicable state laws and/or foreclosure
procedures. In connection with the development of certain of the
Company’s communities, CDDs have been established and bonds have been issued to
finance a portion of the related infrastructure. Following are
details relating to the CDD bond obligations issued and outstanding as of
December 31, 2007:
Issue
Date
|
Maturity
Date
|
Interest
Rate
|
Principal
Amount
(In
thousands)
|
7/15/2004
|
12/1/2022
|
6.00%
|
$ 4,755
|
7/15/2004
|
12/1/2036
|
6.25%
|
10,060
|
5/1/2004
|
5/1/2035
|
6.00%
|
9,280
|
3/15/2007
|
5/1/2037
|
5.20%
|
7,105
|
Total
CDD bond obligations issued and outstanding as of December 31,
2007
|
$31,200
|
In
accordance with EITF Issue 91-10, “Accounting for Special Assessments and Tax
Increment Financing,” the Company records a liability for the estimated
developer obligations that are fixed and determinable and user fees that are
required to be paid or transferred at the time the parcel or unit is sold to an
end user. The Company reduces this liability by the corresponding
Assessment assumed by property purchasers and the amounts paid by the Company at
the time of closing and the transfer of the property. The Company has
recorded an $11.6 million liability related to these CDD bond obligations as of
December 31, 2007, along with the related inventory infrastructure.
In
addition, at December 31, 2007, the Company had outstanding a $0.8 million CDD
bond obligation in connection with the purchase of land. This
obligation bears interest at a rate of 5.5% and matures November 1,
2010. As lots are closed to third parties, the Company will repay the
CDD bond obligation associated with each lot.
NOTE 13. Consolidated
Inventory Not Owned and Related Obligation
In the
ordinary course of business, the Company enters into land option contracts in
order to secure land for the construction of homes in the
future. Pursuant to these land option contracts, the Company will
provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land
at different times in the future, usually at predetermined
prices. Under FIN 46(R), if the entity holding the land under option
is a variable interest entity, the Company’s deposit (including letters of
credit) represents a variable interest in the entity. The Company
does not guarantee the obligations or performance of the variable interest
entity.
In
applying the provisions of FIN 46(R), the Company evaluated all land option
contracts and determined that the Company was subject to a majority of the
expected losses or entitled to receive a majority of the expected residual
returns under a contract. As the primary beneficiary under this
contract, the Company is required to consolidate the fair value of the variable
interest entity.
As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had recorded $4.0 million and $3.3
million, respectively, within Inventory on the Consolidated Balance Sheet,
representing the fair value of land under contract. The corresponding
liability has been classified as Obligation for Consolidated Inventory Not Owned
on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company also had recorded within Inventory on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet $2.1 million of land for which the Company does not
have title because the land was sold to a third party with an option to
repurchase developed lots. In accordance with SFAS 66, the Company
has continuing involvement in the land as a result of the repurchase option, and
therefore is not permitted to recognize the sale of the land. The
corresponding liability has been classified as Obligation for Consolidated
Inventory Not Owned on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
NOTE
14. Notes Payable Banks
At
December 31, 2007, the Company’s homebuilding operations had borrowings totaling
$115.0 million, financial letters of credit totaling $20.1 million and
performance letters of credit totaling $25.1 million outstanding under the
Second Amended and Restated Credit Facility dated October 6, 2006 (the “Credit
Facility”). The Credit Facility provides for a maximum borrowing
amount of $500 million and the ability to increase the loan capacity up to $1.0
billion upon request by the Company and approval by the
lender(s). Under the terms of the Credit Facility, the $500 million
capacity includes a maximum amount of $100 million in outstanding letters of
credit. Borrowing
64
availability
is determined based on the lesser of: (1) Credit Facility loan capacity less
Credit Facility borrowings (including cash borrowings and letters of credit) or
(2) lesser of Credit Facility capacity and calculated borrowing base, less
borrowing base indebtedness (including cash borrowings under the Credit
Facility, senior notes, financial letters of credit and the 10% commitment on
the MIF Credit Facility (as defined below)). On August 28, 2007, we
entered into the First Amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Credit
Facility. Among other things, the First Amendment amended the Credit
Facility by: (1) reducing the Aggregate Commitment (as defined
therein) from $650 million to $500 million; (2) incrementally reducing the
required ratio of the Company’s consolidated EBITDA (as defined therein) to
consolidated interest incurred (the “Interest Coverage Ratio” or “ICR”)
beginning with the quarter ending December 31, 2007 and continuing through the
quarter ending March 31, 2009, and then slightly increasing the ICR thereafter;
(3) reducing the maximum permitted ratio of indebtedness to consolidated
tangible net worth (the “Leverage Ratio”) if the ICR is less than 2.00 to 1.00,
with the amount of the decrease dependent on the amount by which the ICR is
below 2.00 to 1.00; (4) increasing certain pricing provisions when the ICR is
less than 2.00 to 1.00; (5) providing that the value of speculative homes in the
borrowing base shall not exceed $125 million; and (6) increasing the permitted
percentage of speculative homes relative to total home closings.
As of
December 31, 2007, borrowing availability was $169.5 million in accordance with
the borrowing base calculation. Borrowings under the Credit Facility
are unsecured and are at the Alternate Base Rate plus a margin ranging from zero
to 37.5 basis points, or at the Eurodollar Rate plus a margin ranging from 100
to 237.5 basis points. The Alternate Base Rate is defined as the higher of
the Prime Rate, the Base CD Rate plus 100 basis points, or the Federal Funds
Rate plus 50 basis points.
The
Credit Facility also places limitations on the amount of additional indebtedness
that may be incurred by the Company, limitations on the investments that the
Company may make, including joint ventures and advances to officers and
employees, and limitations on the aggregate cost of certain types of inventory
that the Company can hold at any one time. The Company is required
under the Credit Facility to maintain a certain amount of tangible net worth
and, as of December 31, 2007, had approximately $40.0 million in excess of the
required tangible net worth that would be available for payment of
dividends. In the event market conditions deteriorate further and
significant impairment charges occur or a significant deferred tax asset
valuation allowance is required, our tangible net worth may come close to or
fall below the required minimum. Violations of any of the covenants
of the Credit Facility, if not cured or waived by the lenders, could result in
optional maturity date acceleration by the lenders. In the event that
this were to occur, we would seek to amend the terms of the Credit Facility or
replace the financing provided by the Credit Facility. As of December
31, 2007, the Company was in compliance with all restrictive covenants of the
Credit Facility.
At
December 31, 2007, we had $40.4 million outstanding under the M/I Financial
First Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement (the “MIF Credit
Facility”). M/I Homes, Inc. and M/I Financial are co-borrowers under
the MIF Credit Facility. The MIF Credit Facility provides M/I
Financial with $40.0 million maximum borrowing availability to finance mortgage
loans initially funded by M/I Financial for our customers, except for the period
December 15, 2007 through January 15, 2008, when the maximum borrowing
availability is increased to $65.0 million. The maximum borrowing
availability is limited to 95% of eligible mortgage loans. In
determining eligible mortgage loans, the MIF Credit Facility provides limits on
certain types of loans. The borrowings under the MIF Credit Facility
are at the Prime Rate or LIBOR plus 135 basis points, with a commitment fee on
the unused portion of the MIF Credit Facility of 0.20%. Under the
terms of the MIF Credit Facility, M/I Financial is required to maintain minimum
net worth amounts and certain financial ratios. As of December 31,
2007, the borrowing base was $55.4 million with $15.0 million of
availability. As of December 31, 2007, the Company and M/I Financial
were in compliance with all restrictive covenants of the MIF Credit
Facility.
NOTE
15. Mortgage Notes Payable
As of
December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had outstanding a building mortgage note
payable in the principal amount of $6.7 million and $6.9 million, respectively,
with a fixed interest rate of 8.117% and maturity date of April 1,
2017. The book value of the collateral securing this note was $10.9
million at both December 31, 2007 and 2006.
NOTE
16. Senior Notes
At both
December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were $200 million of 6.875% senior notes
outstanding. The senior notes are due April 2012 and are fully and
unconditionally guaranteed jointly and severally by substantially all of the
Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. Certain of the Company’s subsidiary
guarantors are required, in accordance with specific contractual agreements to
maintain minimum levels of net worth, totaling $33.5 million as of December 31,
2007. In addition, the Company is required under its Credit Facility
and other contractual agreements, to maintain a total minimum net worth of
approximately $537.1 million as of December 31, 2007. The senior notes
contain covenants that place limitations on the incurrence of additional
indebtedness, payment of
65
dividends,
asset dispositions, certain investments and creations of liens, among other
items. The Company may redeem the senior notes, in whole or in part,
at any time before April 2012 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the
principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of
the redemption, if any, plus a “make-whole” premium based on U.S. Treasury
Rates. A majority of the subsidiaries of the Company have provided
full and unconditional and joint and several guarantees. Any subsidiaries
of the parent company other than the subsidiary guarantors are
minor.
As of
December 31, 2007, the Company had $98.5 million available that could be used
for the payment of dividends or share repurchases. In the event
market conditions deteriorate further and significant impairment charges occur
or a significant deferred tax asset valuation allowance is required, the amount
available for payment of dividends may be reduced to zero, in which case we
would not be allowed, under the terms of the indenture covering the senior
notes, to pay either common or preferred dividends until such time that net
earnings are sufficient to create availability pursuant to the terms of the
indenture. As of December 31, 2007, the Company was in compliance
with all restrictive covenants of the indenture covering the senior
notes.
NOTE
17. Universal Shelf Registration
As of
December 31, 2007, $50 million remains available for future offerings under a
$150 million universal shelf registration filed by the Company with the SEC in
April 2002. Pursuant to the filing, the Company may, from time to
time over an extended period, offer new debt, preferred stock and/or other
equity securities. Of the equity shares, up to 1 million common
shares may be sold by certain shareholders who are considered selling
shareholders. The timing and amount of offerings, if any, will depend
on market and general business conditions.
NOTE
18. Preferred Shares
On March 15, 2007, we issued
4,000,000 depositary shares, each representing 1/1000th of a 9.75% Series A
Preferred Share (the “Preferred Shares”), or 4,000 Preferred Shares in the
aggregate, for net proceeds of $96.3 million that were used for the partial
payment of the outstanding balance under the Credit Facility. The
Preferred Shares were offered pursuant to our universal shelf registration
statement. The Preferred Shares are non-cumulative and have a
liquidation preference equal to $25 per depositary share. Dividends
are payable quarterly in arrears, if declared by us, on March 15, June 15,
September 15 and December 15. If there is a change of control of the
Company and if within 90 days after public notice of the occurrence thereof, the
Company’s corporate credit rating is withdrawn or downgraded to a certain level
(together constituting a “change of control event”), the dividends on the
Preferred Shares will increase to 10.75% per year. We may not redeem
the Preferred Shares prior to March 15, 2012, except following the occurrence of
a change of control event. On or after March 15, 2012, we have the
option to redeem the Preferred Shares in whole or in part at any time or from
time to time, payable in cash of $25 per depositary share plus any accrued and
unpaid dividends through the date of redemption for the then current quarterly
dividend period. The Preferred Shares have no stated maturity, are
not subject to any sinking fund provisions, are not convertible into any other
securities and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless redeemed by
us. The Preferred Shares have no voting rights, except as otherwise
required by applicable Ohio law; however, in the event we do not pay dividends
for an aggregate of six quarters (whether or not consecutive), the holders of
the Preferred Shares will be entitled to nominate two members to serve on our
Board of Directors. The Preferred Shares are listed on the New York
Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “MHO-PA.” As of December 31,
2007, total dividends paid on preferred shares in 2007 were approximately $7.3
million.
NOTE
19. Income Taxes
The
(benefit) provision for income taxes from continuing operations consists of the
following:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Federal
|
$ | (48,955 | ) | $ | 12,309 | $ | 50,884 | |
State
and local
|
(9,441 | ) | 3,700 | 8,427 | ||||
Total
|
$ | (58,396 | ) | $ | 16,009 | $ | 59,311 |
Year
Ended December 31,
|
||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||
Current
|
$ | (31,585 | ) | $ | 46,085 | $ | 58,490 | |
Deferred
|
(26,811 | ) | (30,076 | ) | 821 | |||
Total
|
$ | (58,396 | ) | $ | 16,009 | $ | 59,311 |
For the
years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, the Company’s effective tax rate
was 38.7%, 35.3%, and 37.6%, respectively. Beginning in 2005, the American Jobs
Creation Act of 2004 introduced a special 3% tax
66
deduction
under Internal Revenue Code Section 199, “Income Attributable to Domestic
Production Activities” (“Section 199”). In 2005 and 2006, this
Section 199 deduction was accounted for as a permanent difference and
reduced current federal income tax expense. In 2007, this item reduced the
current federal income tax benefit as the carryback of the 2007 federal taxable
loss decreased the benefit originally claimed in the 2005 federal tax
return. A change in the State of Ohio’s tax laws, which phases out
the Ohio income tax and replaces it with a gross receipts tax, and the
settlement of certain state tax-related items also reduced our effective rate in
2006 and 2005. Reconciliation of the differences between income taxes
computed at the federal statutory tax rate and consolidated provision for income
taxes are as follows:
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Federal
taxes at statutory rate
|
$ | (52,807 | ) | $ | 15,857 | $ | 55,260 | ||
State
and local taxes – net of federal tax benefit
|
(6,137 | ) | 2,405 | 5,478 | |||||
Manufacturing
credit
|
1,519 | (1,354 | ) | (1,540 | ) | ||||
Other
|
(1,221 | ) | (899 | ) | 113 | ||||
Change
in valuation allowance
|
250 | - | - | ||||||
Total
|
$ | (58,396 | ) | $ | 16,009 | $ | 59,311 |
The
Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various
states. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S.
federal, state or local examinations by tax authorities for years before
2004. The Company is audited from time to time, and if any
adjustments are made, they would be either immaterial or
reserved. The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1,
2007. The implementation of FIN 48, did not result in any change by
the Company of its liability for unrecognized tax benefits. A
reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits
is as follows:
(In thousands) | |||
Balance
at January 1, 2007
|
$ | 6,787 | |
Additions
based on tax positions related to the current year
|
- | ||
Additions
for tax positions of prior years
|
679 | ||
Reductions
for tax positions of prior years
|
(1,320 | ) | |
Settlements
|
- | ||
Balance
at December 31, 2007
|
$ | 6,146 |
The
Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax
benefits in tax expense. The Company recognized $0.2 million
in interest and penalty charges in 2007 and $0.5 million in both 2006
and 2005. The Company had approximately $2.0 million for both the
payment of interest and the payment of penalties accrued at both December 31,
2007, and 2006, respectively.
The
Company has taken positions in certain taxing jurisdictions for which it is
reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits may
significantly decrease within the next twelve months. The possible
decrease could result from the finalization of the Company’s federal and various
state income tax audits. The Company’s federal income tax audit concerns
various deductions taken in its 2004 and 2005 federal income tax returns, while
various state income tax audits primarily are concerned with
apportionment-related issues. The estimated range of the reasonably
possible decrease spans from a zero decrease to a decrease of $1.2 million
related to lapse in statutes.
The tax
effects of the significant temporary differences that comprise the deferred tax
assets and liabilities are as follows:
December
31,
|
|||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||
Deferred
tax assets:
|
|||||
Warranty,
insurance and other accruals
|
$ | 18,231 | $ | 12,830 | |
Asset
impairment charges
|
49,188 | 31,200 | |||
State
taxes
|
20 | 145 | |||
Net
operating loss carryforward
|
5,500 | - | |||
Deferred
charges
|
2,431 | 3,257 | |||
Total
deferred tax assets
|
75,370 | 47,432 | |||
Deferred
tax liabilities:
|
|||||
Depreciation
|
6,732 | 7,084 | |||
Prepaid
expenses
|
521 | 625 | |||
Total
deferred tax liabilities
|
7,253 | 7,709 | |||
Less
Valuation Allowance
|
250 | - | |||
Net
deferred tax asset
|
$ | 67,867 | $ | 39,723 |
The
Company had deferred tax assets of $67.9 million at December 31, 2007, net of a
$250,000 valuation allowance. These assets were largely generated as a
result of inventory impairments that the Company incurred in both 2006 and 2007.
SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”), requires a
reduction of the
67
carrying
amounts of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance, if, based on the
available evidence it is more likely than not that such assets will not be
realized. Accordingly, the need to establish valuation allowances for
deferred tax assets is assessed periodically based on the SFAS 109
more-likely-than-not realization threshold criterion. In the
assessment for a valuation allowance, appropriate consideration is given to all
positive and negative evidence related to the realization of the deferred tax
assets.
This
assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of
current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration
of statutory carryforward periods, the Company’s experience with loss
carryforwards not expiring unused and tax planning alternatives.
The
Company’s analysis of the need for a valuation allowance recognizes that while
the Company has not incurred a cumulative loss over its evaluation period, a
substantial loss was incurred in 2007. However, a substantial portion
of this loss was the result of the difficult current market conditions that led
to the impairments of certain tangible assets as well as
goodwill. Consideration has also been given to the lengthy period
over which these net deferred tax assets can be realized, and the Company’s
history of not having loss carryforwards expire unused.
If future
events change the outcome of the Company’s projected return to profitability, a
substantial valuation allowance may be required to reduce the deferred tax
assets. A valuation allowance of $250,000 was established in 2007 due
to net deferred tax assets that will not be realized due to the phase out of the
Ohio income tax. Management believes that the Company will have
sufficient available carry-backs and future taxable income to realize the
benefits of the remaining deferred net tax assets. At December 31,
2007, the Company had a Federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carry-back of
approximately $145.0 million, which the Company believes will be fully
utilized. The Company also had state NOLs of $152.0
million. These state operating loss carryforwards will begin to
expire in 2022.
Based on
our history of profitable operations and the expectation of future
profitability, the Company expects to fully utilize these
NOLs. Management believes that the Company will have sufficient
available carrybacks and future taxable income to realize the benefits of the
remaining deferred net tax assets. However, the Company’s future
realization of its deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of
sufficient taxable income in the carryforward periods under the tax laws. The
Company will continue analyzing, in subsequent reporting periods, the positive
and negative evidence in determining the expected realization of its deferred
tax assets.
NOTE
20. Financial Instruments
Mortgage loans
held for sale. Mortgage loans held for sale consist primarily
of single-family residential loans collateralized by the underlying
property. During the intervening period between when a loan is closed
and when it is sold to an investor, the interest rate risk is covered either
through the use of a best-efforts contract or by FMBSs.
The
notional amount of the best-efforts contracts and related mortgage loans held
for sale was $15.4 million and $9.5 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. At December 31, 2007, the fair value of the
best-efforts contracts and related mortgage loans held for sale resulted in a
net liability of less than $0.1 million under the matched terms method of SFAS
133, and we recognized income of less than $0.1 million for the year ended
December 31, 2007.
The
notional amounts of the FMBSs and the related mortgage loans held for sale were
$43.0 million and $43.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2007, and were
$47.7 million and $48.9 million, respectively, at December 31,
2006. In accordance with SFAS 133, the FMBSs are classified and
accounted for as non-designated derivative instruments, with gains and losses
recorded in current earnings. As of December 31, 2007, the related
fair value adjustment for marking these FMBSs to market resulted in a liability
of $0.4 million and an expense of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31,
2007.
Loan
commitments. To meet financing needs of our home-buying
customers, M/I Financial is party to IRLCs, which are extended to certain
customers who have applied for a mortgage loan and meet certain defined credit
and underwriting criteria. Typically, the IRLCs will have a duration
of less than nine months; however, in certain markets, the duration could extend
to twelve months.
Certain
IRLCs are committed to a specific third-party investor and are matched with
best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments matching the exact terms of the
IRLC loan. The notional amount of the committed IRLCs and the
best-efforts contracts was $2.1 million and $10.2 million at December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively. Both the IRLCs and the best-efforts whole
loan delivery contracts are derivatives and are recorded at fair value with
changes in fair value recorded in financial services revenue. At
December 31, 2007, the fair value of the committed IRLCs resulted in an asset of
less than $0.1 million and the related best-efforts whole loan delivery
commitments resulted in
68
a
liability of less than $0.1 million. At December 31, 2006, the fair
value of the committed IRLCs resulted in an asset of $0.1 million and the fair
value of the related best-efforts whole loan delivery commitments resulted in an
offsetting liability of $0.1 million. For the years ended December
31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, we recognized less than $0.1 million of expense, less
than $0.1 million of income and $0.1 million of expense, respectively, relating
to marking these committed IRLCs and the related best-efforts contracts to
market.
The IRLCs
that are not committed to a third-party investor under best-efforts whole loan
delivery commitments (the “uncommitted IRLCs”) are derivatives and are recorded
at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in financial services
revenue. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the notional amount of the
uncommitted IRLC loans was $34.3 million and $37.8 million,
respectively. The fair value adjustment related to these commitments,
which is based on quoted market prices, resulted in an asset of $0.2 million and
an asset of less than of $0.1 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
the Company recognized income of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, and $0.4 million
of expense, respectively, relating to marking these commitments to
market.
FMBSs are
used to protect uncommitted IRLC loans against the risk of changes in interest
rates between the lock date and the funding date. FMBSs related to
uncommitted IRLCs are classified and accounted for as non-designated derivative
instruments and are recorded at fair value, with gains and losses recorded in
financial services revenue. At December 31, 2007, the notional amount
under the FMBSs was $37.0 million, and the related fair value adjustment, which
is based on quoted market prices, resulted in a liability of $0.2
million. At December 31, 2006, the notional amount under the FMBSs
was $36.0 million, and the related fair value adjustment resulted in an asset of
$0.1 million. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
the Company recognized $0.3 million of expense, $0.3 million of income and $0.2
million of expense, respectively, relating to marking these FMBSs to
market.
Counterparty
Credit Risk. To reduce the risk associated with accounting
losses that would be recognized if counterparties failed to perform as
contracted, the Company limits the entities that management can enter into a
commitment with to the primary dealers in the market. This risk of
accounting loss is the difference between the market rate at the time of
non-performance by the counterparty and the rate the Company committed
to.
The
following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s
financial instruments at December 31, 2007 and 2006. SFAS No. 107,
“Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” defines the fair value
of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be
exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a
forced or liquidation sale.
December
31, 2007
|
December
31, 2006
|
||||||||||
|
Carrying
|
Fair
|
Carrying
|
Fair
|
|||||||
(In
thousands)
|
Amount
|
Value
|
Amount
|
Value
|
|||||||
Assets:
|
|||||||||||
Cash,
including cash in escrow
|
$ | 22,745 | $ | 22,745 | $ | 70,454 | $ | 70,454 | |||
Mortgage
loans held for sale
|
54,127 | 54,127 | 54,491 | 54,491 | |||||||
Other
assets
|
18,516 | 24,745 | 31,443 | 31,356 | |||||||
Notes
receivable
|
12,528 | 12,321 | 6,080 | 5,919 | |||||||
Commitments
to extend real estate loans
|
226 | 226 | 96 | 96 | |||||||
Best-efforts
contracts for committed IRLCs and mortgage loans
|
|||||||||||
held
for sale
|
- | - | - | - | |||||||
Forward
sale of mortgage-backed securities
|
- | - | 198 | 198 | |||||||
Liabilities:
|
|||||||||||
Notes
payable banks
|
155,400 | 155,400 | 439,900 | 439,900 | |||||||
Mortgage
notes payable
|
6,703 | 7,055 | 6,944 | 7,277 | |||||||
Senior
notes
|
198,912 | 163,000 | 198,656 | 179,750 | |||||||
Commitments
to extend real estate loans
|
- | - | - | - | |||||||
Best-efforts
contracts for committed IRLCs and mortgage loans
|
|||||||||||
held
for sale
|
107 | 107 | 88 | 88 | |||||||
Forward
sale of mortgage-backed securities
|
617 | 617 | - | - | |||||||
Other
liabilities
|
57,749 | 57,749 | 63,551 | 63,551 | |||||||
Off-Balance
Sheet Financial Instruments:
|
|||||||||||
Letters
of credit
|
- | 551 | - | 1,432 |
The
following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating its
fair value disclosures of financial instruments at December 31, 2007 and
2006:
Cash, Cash Held
in Escrow and Other Liabilities. The carrying amounts of these
items approximate fair value.
69
Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale, Forward Sale of Mortgage-Backed Securities, Commitments to Extend
Real Estate Loans, Best-Efforts Contracts for Committed IRLCs and Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale, and Senior Notes. The fair value of these
financial instruments was determined based upon market quotes at December 31,
2007 and 2006.
Other Assets and
Notes Receivable. The estimated fair value was determined by
calculating the present value of the amounts based on the estimated timing of
receipts.
Notes Payable
Banks. The interest rate currently available to the Company
fluctuates with the Alternate Base Rate or Eurodollar Rate (for the Credit
Facility) and the Prime Rate or LIBOR (for the MIF Credit Facility), and thus
their carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Mortgage Notes
Payable. The estimated fair value was determined by
calculating the present value of the future cash flows.
Letters of
Credit. Letters of credit and outstanding completion bonds of
$134.2 million and $153.4 million represent potential commitments at December
31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The letters of credit generally
expire within one or two years. The estimated fair value of letters
of credit was determined using fees currently charged for similar
agreements.
NOTE
21. Business Segments
In
conformity with SFAS 131, the Company’s segment information is presented on the
basis that the chief operating decision makers use in evaluating segment
performance. The Company’s chief operating decision makers evaluate
the Company’s performance in various ways, including: (1) the results of our ten
individual homebuilding operating segments and the results of the financial
services operation; (2) our three homebuilding regions; and (3) our consolidated
financial results. We have determined our reportable segments in
accordance with SFAS 131 as follows: Midwest homebuilding, Florida homebuilding,
Mid-Atlantic homebuilding and financial services operations. The
homebuilding operating segments that are included within each reportable segment
have similar operations and exhibit similar economic characteristics, and
therefore meet the aggregation criteria in SFAS 131. Our homebuilding
operations include the acquisition and development of land, the sale and
construction of single-family attached and detached homes and the occasional
sale of lots and land to third parties. The homebuilding operating
segments that comprise each of our reportable segments are as
follows:
Midwest
|
Florida
(2)
|
Mid-Atlantic
|
Columbus,
Ohio
|
Tampa,
Florida
|
Maryland
|
Cincinnati,
Ohio
|
Orlando,
Florida
|
Virginia
|
Indianapolis,
Indiana
|
Charlotte,
North Carolina
|
|
Chicago,
Illinois (1)
|
Raleigh,
North Carolina
|
(1)
|
The
Company announced its entry into the Chicago market during the second
quarter of 2007, and has not purchased any land or sold or closed any
homes in this market as of December 31,
2007.
|
(2)
|
In
December 2007, we sold substantially all of our assets in our West Palm
Beach, Florida market and announced our exit from this
market. The results of operations for this segment for all
years presented have been reclassified as discontinued operations in
accordance with SFAS 144.
|
The
financial services operations include the origination and sale of mortgage loans
and title and insurance agency services for purchasers of the Company’s
homes.
Eliminations
consist of fees paid by the homebuilding operations relating to loan origination
and title fees for its homebuyers that are included in financial services’
revenue; the homebuilding segment’s housing costs include these fees paid to
financial services.
The chief
operating decision makers utilize operating income, defined as income before
interest and income taxes, as a performance measure.
70
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||||||||
(In
thousands)
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||
Revenue:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 358,441 | $ | 493,156 | $ | 650,689 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
312,930 | 496,998 | 347,372 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
326,451 | 260,059 | 286,926 | ||||||
Other
homebuilding - unallocated (a)
|
(424 | ) | 647 | 6,622 | |||||
Financial
services
|
19,062 | 27,125 | 28,635 | ||||||
Intercompany
eliminations
|
- | (3,840 | ) | (7,740 | ) | ||||
Total
revenue
|
$ | 1,016,460 | $ | 1,274,145 | $ | 1,312,504 | |||
Operating
(loss) income:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding (b)
|
$ | (10,377 | ) | $ | 897 | $ | 74,652 | ||
Florida
homebuilding (b)
|
(63,117 | ) | 100,390 | 58,337 | |||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding (b)
|
(43,547 | ) | (21,955 | ) | 46,601 | ||||
Other
homebuilding - unallocated (a)
|
386 | 156 | 1,234 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
8,517 | 15,816 | 18,420 | ||||||
Less:
Corporate selling, general and administrative expense (c)
|
(27,395 | ) | (34,191 | ) | (27,804 | ) | |||
Total
operating (loss) income
|
$ | (135,533 | ) | $ | 61,113 | $ | 171,440 | ||
Interest
expense:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 4,788 | $ | 6,408 | $ | 6,793 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
5,877 | 4,609 | 2,637 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
3,815 | 4,384 | 3,754 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
636 | 406 | 371 | ||||||
Corporate
|
227 | - | - | ||||||
Total
interest expense
|
$ | 15,343 | $ | 15,807 | $ | 13,555 | |||
(Loss)
income from continuing operations before income taxes
|
$ | (150,876 | ) | $ | 45,306 | $ | 157,885 | ||
Assets:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 356,958 | $ | 432,572 | $ | 467,824 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
252,324 | 426,806 | 310,619 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
276,895 | 349,929 | 299,789 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
59,658 | 61,145 | 77,111 | ||||||
Corporate
|
157,212 | 110,661 | 79,732 | ||||||
Assets
of discontinued operation
|
14,598 | 95,966 | 94,603 | ||||||
Total
assets
|
$ | 1,117,645 | $ | 1,477,079 | $ | 1,329,678 | |||
Investment
in unconsolidated LLCs:
|
|||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 15,705 | $ | 17,570 | $ | 20,160 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
24,638 | 32,078 | 29,750 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
- | - | - | ||||||
Financial
services
|
- | - | 19 | ||||||
Total
investment in unconsolidated LLCs
|
$ | 40,343 | $ | 49,648 | $ | 49,929 | |||
|
|||||||||
Depreciation and amortization: | |||||||||
Midwest
homebuilding
|
$ | 543 | $ | 182 | $ | 148 | |||
Florida
homebuilding
|
1,603 | 1,689 | 834 | ||||||
Mid-Atlantic
homebuilding
|
849 | 244 | 46 | ||||||
Financial
services
|
498 | 383 | 88 | ||||||
Corporate
|
4,495 | 4,229 | 3,381 | ||||||
Total
depreciation and amortization
|
$ | 7,988 | $ | 6,727 | $ | 4,497 |
(a) Other
homebuilding – unallocated consists of the net impact in the period due to
timing of homes delivered with low down-payment loans (buyers put less than 5%
down) funded by the Company’s financial services operations not yet sold to a
third party. In accordance with SFAS 66 and SFAS 140, recognition of
such revenue must be deferred until the related loan is sold to a third
party. Refer to the Revenue Recognition policy described in Note 1
for further discussion.
(b) The
years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006 include the impact of charges relating
to the impairment of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs and the
write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs of $152.0 million and $74.2
million, respectively. These charges reduced operating income by $8.8
million and $25.0 million in the Midwest region, $88.3 million and $7.3 million
in the Florida region and $54.9 million and $41.9 million in the Mid-Atlantic
region, respectively.
(c) The
years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006 include the impact of severance charges
of $5.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively. The Company did not
have any severance charges in 2005. The year ended December 31, 2007
also includes the write-off of $5.2 million of intangibles
71
NOTE
22. Subsequent Events
On
February 13, 2008, the Board of Directors approved a $0.025 per common share
cash dividend payable to shareholders of record of its common shares on April 1,
2008, payable on April 18, 2008.
On
February 13, 2008, the Board of Directors also declared a $0.609375 per
depository share cash dividend on its 9.75% Series A Preferred Shares payable to
shareholders of record of its preferred shares on March 4, 2008, payable on
March 17, 2008.
NOTE
23. Supplementary Financial Data (Unaudited)
The
following tables set forth our selected consolidated financial and operating
data for the periods indicated. These tables should be read together
with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations” and our Consolidated Financial Statements,
including the Notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||||||
December
31,
|
September
30,
|
June
30,
|
March
31,
|
||||||||
2007
|
2007
|
2007
|
2007
|
||||||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
|||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 340,460 | $ | 232,983 | $ | 226,448 | $ | 216,569 | |||
Gross
margin (a)
|
$ | (20,388 | ) | $ | 20,858 | $ | (10,226 | ) | $ | 45,243 | |
Net
(loss) income from continuing operations (b)
|
$ | (42,315 | ) | $ | (16,805 | ) | $ | (35,431 | ) | $ | 2,071 |
Discontinued
operation, net of tax (c)
|
$ | (26,145 | ) | $ | (4,911 | ) | $ | (4,748 | ) | $ | 158 |
Net
(loss) income
|
$ | (68,460 | ) | $ | (21,716 | ) | $ | (40,179 | ) | $ | 2,229 |
Three
Months Ended
|
|||||||||||
December
31,
|
September
30,
|
June
30,
|
March
31,
|
||||||||
2006
|
2006
|
2006
|
2006
|
||||||||
(Dollars
in thousands)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Unaudited)
|
|||||||
Revenue
|
$ | 442,979 | $ | 296,414 | $ | 305,966 | $ | 228,786 | |||
Gross
margin (a)
|
$ | 35,833 | $ | 70,208 | $ | 82,736 | $ | 58,942 | |||
Net
(loss) income from continuing operations (b)
|
$ | (13,716 | ) | $ | 14,371 | $ | 18,188 | $ | 10,454 | ||
Discontinued
operation, net of tax (c)
|
$ | 2,747 | $ | 814 | $ | 93 | $ | 5,924 | |||
Net
(loss) income
|
$ | (10,969 | ) | $ | 15,185 | $ | 18,281 | $ | 16,378 |
(a)
|
First,
second, third and fourth quarters of 2007 include the impact of charges
relating to the impairment of inventory and investment in unconsolidated
LLCs of $1.2 million, $58.2 million, $24.2 million and $64.7 million,
respectively. There were no charges relating to the impairment
of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs in the first and second
quarters of 2006, and $1.9 million and $65.3 million in the third and
fourth quarters of 2006,
respectively.
|
(b)
|
First,
second, third and fourth quarters of 2007 include the impact of charges
relating to the impairment of inventory and investment in unconsolidated
LLCs, the write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs and the
write-off of goodwill and intangible assets of $1.4 million, $39.8
million, $15.4 million and $40.4 million, respectively. We had
charges relating to the impairment of inventory and investment in
unconsolidated LLCs, the write-off of land deposits and pre-acquisition
costs and the write-off of goodwill and intangible assets of $0.4 million,
$0.9 million, $2.5 million and $43.0 million in charges in the first,
second, third and fourth quarters of 2006,
respectively.
|
(c)
|
There
were no charges relating to the impairment of inventory and investment in
unconsolidated LLCs, write-offs of land deposits and pre-acquisition costs
and the write-off of goodwill and intangible assets included in
discontinued operation for the first quarter of
2007. Discontinued operation for the second, third and fourth
quarters of 2007 includes the impact of charges relating to the impairment
of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs, write-offs of land
deposits and pre-acquisition costs and the write-off of goodwill and
intangible assets of $4.9 million, $5.0 million and $26.3 million,
respectively. There were no charges relating to the impairment
of inventory and investment in unconsolidated LLCs, write-offs of land
deposits and pre-acquisition costs and the write-off of goodwill and
intangible assets in the first, second and third quarters of 2006, and
$2.9 million in charges in the fourth quarter of 2006. For more
information regarding discontinued operation, please refer to Note 2 of
our Consolidated Financial
Statements.
|
72
ITEM
9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
|
There
have been no changes in or disagreements with accountants during the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006.
ITEM
9A. CONTROLS AND
PROCEDURES
|
Conclusion
Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An
evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) was performed
by the Company's management, with the participation of the Company's principal
executive officer and principal financial officer as contemplated by Rule
13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, the
Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded
that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the
end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The
management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f)
under the Exchange Act). The Company’s internal control system was
designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board
of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published
financial statements.
All
internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent
limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective
can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement
preparation and presentation.
The
Company’s management, with the participation of the principal executive and
principal financial officers, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In
making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated
Framework. Based on this assessment, management believes that,
as of December 31, 2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting
is effective based on those criteria.
The effectivness of our internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2007 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, our
independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its attestation
report included on page 75 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During
2007, certain changes in responsibility for performing internal control
procedures occurred as a result of various workforce
reductions. Management, with the participation of the principal
executive and principal financial officers, has evaluated these changes in our
internal control over financial reporting, and believes that we have taken the
necessary steps to establish and maintain effective internal controls over
financial reporting during the period of change.
It should
be noted that the design of any system of controls is based, in part, upon
certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no
assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all
potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. In addition, a
control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only
reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system
are met.
ITEM
9B. OTHER INFORMATION
|
There is
no information that was required to be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K during
the fourth quarter of 2007 that has not been reported on a Form
8-K.
73
REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of M/I Homes, Inc.
Columbus,
Ohio
We have
audited the internal control over financial reporting of M/I Homes, Inc. and
subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria
established in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company's management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting
and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether
effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness
of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or
under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal
financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the
company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting,
including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of
controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or
detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the
effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or
procedures may deteriorate.
In our
opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria
established in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and
for the year ended December 31, 2007 of the Company and our report dated March
4, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial
statements.
/s/DELOITTE
& TOUCHE LLP
DELOITTE
& TOUCHE LLP
Columbus,
Ohio
March 4,
2008
74
PART
III
ITEM
10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
|
The
information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders.
We have
adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our directors and
all employees of the Company. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
is posted on our website, mihomes.com. We intend to satisfy the
requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding disclosure of amendments to,
or waivers from, provisions of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that
apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal
accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, by
posting such information on our website. Copies of the Code of Business Conduct
and Ethics will be provided free of charge upon written request directed to
Investor Relations, M/I Homes, Inc., 3 Easton Oval, Suite 500, Columbus, OH
43219.
ITEM
11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
|
The
information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders.
ITEM
12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT AND
|
RELATED
SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The
following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2007 with respect to
the common shares issuable under the Company’s equity compensation
plans:
Plan
Category
|
Number
of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants
and rights
(a)
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(b)
|
Number
of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column
(a))
(c)
|
||
Equity
compensation plans approved by shareholders (1)
|
1,018,419
|
$39.31
|
600,518
|
||
Equity
compensation plans not approved by shareholders (2)
|
100,532
|
-
|
634,152
|
||
Total
|
1,118,951
|
$39.31
|
1,234,670
|
(1)
Consists of the Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended (998,350
outstanding stock options and 3,001 restricted shares) and the Company’s 2006
Director Equity Incentive Plan (17,068 outstanding stock units). The
weighted average exercise price relates to the stock options granted under the
1993 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended. The stock units granted under
the 2006 Director Equity Incentive Plan are “full value awards” that were issued
at an average unit price of $31.51, and will be settled at a future date in
common shares on a one-for-one basis without the payment of any exercise
price. The restricted shares had a fair market value of $33.86 on the
day of grant. There are 182,932 common shares remaining available for
future issuance under this plan, of which, 10,000 shares remain available for
the issuance of Whole Shares. Pursuant to the terms of the 1993 Stock
Incentive Plan as Amended, the maximum number of common shares in respect of
which awards may be granted under the plan in each calendar year is five percent
of the total outstanding common shares as of the first day of each such calendar
year. Refer to Note 3 of the Company’s Consolidated Financial
Statements for further discussion of these plans.
(2)
Consists of the Company’s Director Deferred Compensation Plan and the Company’s
Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan. The average unit price of the
outstanding “phantom stock” units is $28.65. Pursuant to these plans,
our directors and eligible employees may defer the payment of all or a portion
of their director fees and annual cash bonuses, respectively, and the deferred
amount is converted into phantom stock units which will be settled at a future
date in common shares on a one-for-one basis without the payment of any exercise
price. Refer to Note 3 of the Company’s Consolidated Financial
Statements for further discussion of these plans.
The remaining information required by this item is incorporated
herein by reference to our definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2008
Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
ITEM
13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND
DIRECTOR
|
INDEPENDENCE
The
information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders.
ITEM
14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND
SERVICES
|
The
information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders.
75
PART
IV
ITEM
15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Documents filed as part of this
report
|
||||
(1) The
following financial statements are contained in Item 8:
|
||||
Page
in
|
||||
this
|
||||
Financial Statements
|
Report
|
|||
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
42
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005
|
43
|
|||
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
44
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2007,
2006
|
||||
and
2005
|
45
|
|||
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005
|
46
|
|||
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
47-72
|
|||
(2)
|
Financial
Statement Schedules:
|
|||
None
required.
|
||||
(3)
|
Exhibits:
|
|||
The
following exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are filed as part of
this report. For convenience of reference, the exhibits are listed
according to the numbers appearing in the Exhibit Table to Item 601 of
Regulation S-K.
Exhibit
Number
|
Description
|
|
3.1
|
Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, hereby incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1993.
|
|
3.2
|
Amended
and Restated Regulations of the Company, hereby incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 3.4 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K of the fiscal
year ended December 31, 1998.
|
|
3.3
|
Amendment
of Article I(f) of the Company’s Amended and Restated Code of Regulations
to permit shareholders to appoint proxies in any manner permitted by Ohio
law, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(b) of the Company’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
2001.
|
|
3.4
|
Amendment
to Article First of the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of
Incorporation dated January 9, 2004, hereby incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended March 31, 2006.
|
|
3.5
|
Certificate
of Amendment by Directors to Article Fourth of the Company’s Amended and
Restated Articles of Incorporation dated March 13, 2007, incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on From
8-K filed March 15, 2007.
|
|
4.1
|
Specimen
of Stock Certificate, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No.
33-68564.
|
|
4.2
|
Indenture
dated as of March 24, 2005 by and among M/I Homes, Inc., its guarantors as
named in the Indenture and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee of
the 6 7/8% Senior Notes due 2012, hereby incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated as of March
24, 2005.
|
|
4.3
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of March 24, 2005, amoung the Company, the Guarantors listed on the signature page thereof and Initial Purchasers listed on the signature page thereof, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company's Report on Form 8-K dated as of March 24, 2005. | |
4.4
|
Specimen
certificate representing the 9.75% Series A Preferred Shares, par value
$0.1 per share, of the Company, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15,
2007.
|
76
10.1*
|
The
M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan as Amended and Restated,
adopted as of January 1, 1997, hereby incorporate by reference to Exhibit
10.1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2003.
|
|
10.2*
|
Amendment
Number 1 of the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan for the
Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 dated November
12, 2002, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September
30, 2002.
|
|
10.3*
|
Second
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan dated November
11, 2003, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2003.
|
|
10.4*
|
Third
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan dated January
26, 2005, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2004.
|
|
10.5*
|
Fourth
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan dated July 1,
2005, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
2005.
|
|
10.6*
|
Fifth
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan dated November
7, 2006, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2006.
|
|
10.7*
|
Sixth
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan dated December
13, 2006, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2006.
|
|
10.8
|
Second
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effective as of October 6, 2006 by
and among M/I Homes, Inc., as borrower; JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as agent
for the lenders and Wachovia Bank National Association, as syndication
agent; The Huntington National Bank, KeyBank National Association, Charter
One Bank, N.A. SunTrust Bank, AmSouth Bank, Bank of Montreal, Guaranty
Bank, National City Bank and U.S. Bank National Association, as co-agents;
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wachovia Bank, National Association, The
Huntington National Bank, KeyBank National Association, Charter One Bank,
N.A., SunTrust Bank, AmSouth Bank, Bank of Montreal, Guaranty Bank,
National City Bank, U.S. Bank National Association, LaSalle Bank National
Association, PNC Bank, N.A., City National Bank, Fifth Third Bank,
Franklin Bank, S.S.B., Comerica Bank, and Bank United, F.S.B., as banks;
and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., as lead arranger and sole bookrunner,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 of the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K dated as of October 6, 2006.
|
|
10.9
|
Amendment
to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effective as of December
22, 2006 by and among M/I Homes, Inc. as borrower and JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A. as agent, and the lenders party to that certain Second Amended and
Restated Credit Agreement dated October 6, 2006, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2006.
|
|
10.10
|
First
Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated August 28,
2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 31,
2007.
|
|
10.11
|
First
Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement Among M/I Financial, Corp.
and M/I Homes, Inc., as the Borrowers, and Guaranty Bank, hereby
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed on April 28, 2006.
|
|
10.12
|
First
Amendment to First Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement
effective as of November 13, 2006, by and among M/I Financial Corp., the
Company and Guaranty Bank. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
10.13
|
Second
Amendment to First Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement
effective as of April 27, 2007 by and among M/I Financial Corp., the
Company and Guaranty Bank, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.4 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended March 31, 2007.
|
77
10.14
|
Third
Amendment to First Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement
effective as of August 8, 2007 by and among M/I Financial Corp., the
Company and Guaranty Bank, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 31, 2007.
|
|
10.15*
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. 1993 Stock Incentive Plan As Amended dated April 22, 1999,
hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of the Company’s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1999.
|
|
10.16*
|
First
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. 1993 Stock Incentive Plan As Amended dated
August 11, 1999, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September
30, 1999.
|
|
10.17*
|
Second
Amendment to the Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended dated
February 13, 2001, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
2002.
|
|
10.18*
|
Third
Amendment to the Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended dated
April 27, 2006, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2006.
|
|
10.19
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. 2006 Director Equity Incentive Plan, hereby incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s current Report on Form 8-K
dated as of April 27, 2006.
|
|
10.20
|
First
Amendment to the M/I Homes, Inc. 2006 Director Equity Incentive Plan,
hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated as of April 27, 2006.
|
|
10.21
|
Form of M/I Homes, Inc. 2006 Director Equity Incentive Plan Stock Units Awards Agreements, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 the Company's Current Report of Form 8-K filed on August 21, 2006. | |
10.22
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. Director Deferred Compensation Plan, hereby incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 1997.
|
|
10.23
|
First
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Director Deferred Compensation Plan dated
February 16, 1999, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September
30, 1999.
|
|
10.24
|
Second
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Director Deferred Compensation Plan dated
July 1, 2001, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2002.
|
|
10.25
|
Third
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Director Deferred Compensation Plan dated
January 1, 2005, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2004.
|
|
10.26*
|
Amended
and Restated M/I Homes, Inc. Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan dated
April 18, 2001, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2001.
|
|
10.27*
|
First
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan dated
July 1, 2001, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2002.
|
|
10.28*
|
Second
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan dated
June 19, 2002, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
2002.
|
|
10.29*
|
Third
Amendment to M/I Homes, Inc. Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan dated
as of March 8, 2004, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 of
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2003.
|
|
10.30*
|
Collateral
Assignment Split-Dollar Agreement by and among the Company and Robert H.
Schottenstein, and Janice K. Schottenstein as Trustee, of the Robert H.
Schottenstein 1996 Insurance Trust dated September 24, 1997, hereby
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 of the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. In
2004, the Trustee changed to Steven Schottenstein but did not require
amendment to the original
agreement.
|
78
10.31*
|
Change
of Control Agreement between the Company and Phillip G. Creek dated as of
March 8, 2004, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 of the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2003.
|
|
10.32*
|
Separation
Agreement effective July 25, 2006 by and between Steven Schottenstein and
the Company, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated as of July 27,
2006.
|
|
10.33*
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. 2004 Executive Officers Compensation Plan, hereby incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2004.
|
|
10.34*
|
The
Company’s 2006 Award Formulas and Performance Goals for the Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1
of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 13,
2006.
|
|
10.35*
|
The Company's 2006 Award Formulas and Performcane Goals for the Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer, hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 13, 2006. | |
10.36*
|
The
Company’s 2006 Award Formulas and Performance Goals for the Executive Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer, hereby incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 13, 2006.
|
|
10.37*
|
The
Company’s 2006 Award Formulas and Performance Goals for the Executive Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary, hereby incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated February 13, 2006.
|
|
10.38*
|
M/I
Homes, Inc. President’s Circle Bonus Pool Plan, hereby incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated February 13, 2006.
|
|
10.39*
|
Form
of 2007 Award Formulas and Performance Goals Under the 2004 Executive
Officer Compensation Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 16,
2007.
|
|
10.40*
|
Form of 2008 Award Formulas and Performance Goals under the 2004 Executive Officer Compensation Plan, incorporated herein reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2008. | |
10.41*
|
Form
of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Award Agreement Under the 1993 Stock
Incentive Plan as Amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 16,
2007.
|
|
10.42*
|
Form of Performance-Based Stock Option Award Agreement Under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 16, 2007. | |
10.43
|
Agreement
for Purchase and Sale, dated as of December 21, 2007, by and between M/I
Homes of West Palm Beach, LLC, as seller, and KLP East LLC, as purchaser.
(Filed herewith.)
|
|
10.44
|
Amendment to
Agreement for Purchase and Sale, dated as of December 27, 2007, by and
between M/I Homes of West Palm Beach, LLC, as a seller, and KLP East LLC,
as purchaser. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
21
|
Subsidiaries
of Company. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
23
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP. (Filed
herewith.)
|
|
24
|
Powers
of Attorney. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
by Robert H. Schottenstein, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Item 601
of Regulation S-K as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Phillip G. Creek, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Item 601 of
Regulation S-K as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Robert H. Schottenstein, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Phillip G. Creek, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
*
Management contract or compensatory plan or
arrangement.
|
79
(b)
Exhibits
|
||
Reference
is made to Item 15(a)(3) above. The following is a list of
exhibits, included in Item 15(a)(3) above, that are filed concurrently
with this report.
|
Exhibit
Number
|
Description
|
|
10.12
|
First
Amendment to First Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement
effective as of November 13, 2006, by and among M/I Financial Corp., the
Company and Guaranty Bank. (Filed herewith.)
|
|
10.43
|
Agreement
for Purchase and Sale, dated as of December 21, 2007, by and between M/I
Homes of West Palm Beach, LLC, as seller, and KLP East LLC, as purchaser.
(Filed herewith.)
|
|
10.44
|
Amendment to Agreement for Purchase and Sale, dated as of December 27, 2007, by and between M/I Homes of West Palm Beach, LLC, as a seller, and KLP East LLC, as purchaser. (Filed herewith.) | |
21
|
Subsidiaries
of Company.
|
|
23
|
Consent
of Deloitte & Touche LLP.
|
|
24
|
Powers
of Attorney.
|
|
31.1
|
Certification
by Robert H. Schottenstein, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Item 601
of Regulation S-K as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
|
|
31.2
|
Certification
by Phillip G. Creek, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Item 601 of
Regulation S-K as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
|
|
32.1
|
Certification
by Robert H. Schottenstein, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.
|
|
32.2
|
Certification
by Phillip G. Creek, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.
|
(c) Financial Statement
Schedules
|
||
None
required.
|
80
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Columbus, Ohio on this 4th day of
March 2008.
M/I
Homes, Inc.
|
|
(Registrant)
|
|
By:
|
/s/Robert
H. Schottenstein
|
Robert
H. Schottenstein
|
|
Chairman
of the Board,
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer and President
|
|
(Principal
Executive Officer)
|
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities indicated on the 4th day of March 2008.
NAME AND TITLE
|
NAME AND TITLE
|
|
JOSEPH
A. ALUTTO*
|
/s/Robert
H. Schottenstein
|
|
Joseph
A. Alutto
|
Robert H. Schottenstein
|
|
Director
|
Chairman of the Board,
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer and President
|
||
FRIEDRICH
K. M. BÖHM*
|
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
Friedrich
K. M. Böhm
|
||
Director
|
/s/Phillip
G. Creek
|
|
Phillip G. Creek
|
||
YVETTE
MCGEE BROWN*
|
Executive Vice President,
|
|
Yvette
McGee Brown
|
Chief Financial Officer and Director
|
|
Director
|
(Principal Financial Officer)
|
|
THOMAS
D. IGOE*
|
/s/Ann
Marie W. Hunker
|
|
Thomas
D. Igoe
|
Ann Marie W. Hunker
|
|
Director
|
Vice President, Corporate Controller
|
|
(Principal Accounting Officer)
|
||
J.
THOMAS MASON*
|
||
J.
Thomas Mason
|
||
Executive
Vice President, General
|
||
Counsel
and Director
|
||
JEFFREY
H. MIRO*
|
||
Jeffrey
H. Miro
|
||
Director
|
||
NORMAN
L. TRAEGER*
|
||
Norman
L. Traeger
|
||
Director
|
||
*The
above-named Directors and Officers of the registrant execute this report by
Robert H. Schottenstein and Phillip G. Creek, their Attorneys-in-Fact, pursuant
to powers of attorney executed by the above-named Directors and Officers and
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 24 to this
report.
By:
|
/s/Robert
H. Schottenstein
|
By:
|
/s/Phillip
G. Creek
|
|
Robert
H. Schottenstein, Attorney-In-Fact
|
Phillip
G. Creek, Attorney-In-Fact
|
81