Magyar Bancorp, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2020 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020

Commission File Number 000-51726

Magyar Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	20-4154978
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

400 Somerset Street, New Brunswick, New Jersey	08901
(Address of Principal Executive Office)	(Zip Code)

(732) 342-7600

(Issuer’s Telephone Number including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 per share	MGYR	The NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☑	Smaller reporting company	☑
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer's common stock at May 1, 2020 was 5,810,746.

MAGYAR BANCORP, INC.

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

	Page Number

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	35

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	36
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	36
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36
Item 5.	Other Information	36
Item 6.	Exhibits	36

Signature Pages		37

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)

	March 31,			September 30,
	2020			2019
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Cash	$	1,469		$	825
Interest earning deposits with banks		27,672			20,644
Total cash and cash equivalents		29,141			21,469

Investment securities - available for sale, at fair value		9,573			16,703
Investment securities - held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of
$30,139 and $29,344 at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively)		30,042			29,481
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock, at cost		1,992			2,222
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $5,525 and $4,888
at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively		541,921			518,217
Bank owned life insurance		13,808			13,647
Accrued interest receivable		2,150			2,133
Premises and equipment, net		15,792			16,172
Other real estate owned ("OREO")		6,727			7,528
Other assets		7,014			2,756

Total assets	$	658,160		$	630,328

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities
Deposits	$	560,938		$	530,075
Escrowed funds		2,565			2,399
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances		31,079			36,189
Accrued interest payable		190			191
Accounts payable and other liabilities		7,880			6,823

Total liabilities		602,652			575,677

Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock: $.01 Par Value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued		—			—
Common stock: $.01 Par Value, 8,000,000 shares authorized;
5,923,742 issued; 5,810,746 and 5,820,746 shares outstanding
at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively, at cost		59			59
Additional paid-in capital		26,316			26,317
Treasury stock: 112,996 and 102,996 shares at March 31, 2020 and
September 30, 2019, respectively, at cost		(1,242	)		(1,152	)
Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan shares		(141	)		(214	)
Retained earnings		31,829			30,971
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,313	)		(1,330	)

Total stockholders' equity		55,508			54,651

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	658,160		$	630,328

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)

	For the Three Months				For the Six Months
	Ended March 31,				Ended March 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(Unaudited)
Interest and dividend income
Loans, including fees	$	6,224	$	6,226	$	12,620	$	12,353
Investment securities
Taxable		341		546		679		1,034
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock		34		37		71		82

Total interest and dividend income		6,599		6,809		13,370		13,469

Interest expense
Deposits		1,398		1,508		2,845		2,946
Borrowings		169		180		365		370

Total interest expense		1,567		1,688		3,210		3,316

Net interest and dividend income		5,032		5,121		10,160		10,153

Provision for loan losses		420		106		631		307

Net interest and dividend income after
provision for loan losses		4,612		5,015		9,529		9,846

Other income
Service charges		196		279		462		600
Income on bank owned life insurance		79		73		161		147
Other operating income		31		30		61		61
Gains on sales of loans		—		151		26		151
Gains on sales of investment securities		68		32		68		32

Total other income		374		565		778		991

Other expenses
Compensation and employee benefits		2,584		2,517		5,172		4,960
Occupancy expenses		743		744		1,486		1,484
Professional fees		430		278		778		569
Data processing expenses		147		154		301		307
OREO expenses		30		214		133		261
FDIC deposit insurance premiums		108		109		216		216
Loan servicing expenses		86		47		136		106
Insurance expense		47		49		99		102
Other expenses		385		377		769		776
Total other expenses		4,560		4,489		9,090		8,781

Income before income tax expense		426		1,091		1,217		2,056

Income tax expense		121		324		359		604

Net income	$	305	$	767	$	858	$	1,452

Net income per share-basic and diluted	$	0.05	$	0.13	$	0.15	$	0.25

Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding		5,819,879		5,820,746		5,820,746		5,820,746

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In Thousands)

	For the Three Months						For the Six Months
	Ended March 31,						Ended March 31,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	(Unaudited)
Net income	$	305		$	767		$	858		$	1,452
Other comprehensive income
Unrealized gain on
securities available for sale		105			297			91			639
Less reclassification adjustments for:
Net gains realized on securities
available for sale		(68	)		(32	)		(68	)		(32	)
Other comprehensive income, before tax		37			265			23			607
Deferred income tax effect		(10	)		(75	)		(6	)		(170	)
Total other comprehensive income		27			190			17			437
Total comprehensive income	$	332		$	957		$	875		$	1,889

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

For the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

(In Thousands, Except for Share Amounts)

																	Accumulated
	Common Stock					Additional						Unearned					Other
	Shares			Par		Paid-In			Treasury			ESOP			Retained		Comprehensive
	Outstanding			Value		Capital			Stock			Shares			Earnings		Loss			Total
	(Unaudited)
Balance, September 30, 2019		5,820,746			59	$	26,317		$	(1,152	)	$	(214	)	$	30,971	$	(1,330	)	$	54,651
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			553		—			553
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—			—			—			—		(10	)		(10	)
ESOP shares allocated		—			—		2			—			36			—		—			38
Balance, December 31, 2019		5,820,746			59	$	26,319		$	(1,152	)	$	(178	)	$	31,524	$	(1,340	)	$	55,232
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			305		—			305
Other comprehensive income		—			—		—			—			—			—		27			27
Purchase of treasury stock		(10,000	)		—		—			(90	)		—			—		—			(90	)
ESOP shares allocated		—			—		(3	)		—			37			—		—			34
Balance, March 31, 2020		5,810,746			59		26,316			(1,242	)		(141	)		31,829		(1,313	)	$	55,508

															Accumulated
	Common Stock				Additional					Unearned					Other
	Shares		Par		Paid-In		Treasury			ESOP			Retained		Comprehensive
	Outstanding		Value		Capital		Stock			Shares			Earnings		Loss			Total
	(Unaudited)
Balance, September 30, 2018		5,820,746	$	59	$	26,310	$	(1,152	)	$	(356	)	$	27,975	$	(1,474	)	$	51,362
Net income		—		—		—		—			—			685		—			685
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—			—			—		246			246
ESOP shares allocated		—		—		4		—			35			—		—			39
Balance, December 31, 2018		5,820,746	$	59	$	26,314	$	(1,152	)	$	(321	)	$	28,660	$	(1,228	)	$	52,332
Net income		—		—		—		—			—			767		—			767
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—			—			—		191			191
ESOP shares allocated		—		—		—		—			36			—		—			36
Balance, March 31, 2019		5,820,746	$	59	$	26,314	$	(1,152	)	$	(285	)	$	29,427	$	(1,037	)	$	53,326

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In Thousands)

	For the Six Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020			2019
	(Unaudited)
Operating activities
Net income	$	858		$	1,452
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Depreciation expense		434			468
Premium amortization on investment securities, net		50			56
Provision for loan losses		631			307
Provision for loss on other real estate owned		60			212
Originations of SBA loans held for sale		(262	)		(2,170	)
Proceeds from the sales of SBA loans		288			2,321
Gains on sale of loans receivable		(26	)		(151	)
Gains on sales of investment securities		(68	)		(32	)
Gains on the sales of other real estate owned		(16	)		(35	)
ESOP compensation expense		73			75
Deferred income tax benefit		(288	)		(158	)
Increase in accrued interest receivable		(17	)		(56	)
Increase in surrender value of bank owned life insurance		(161	)		(147	)
Increase in other assets		(142	)		(463	)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable		(1	)		29
Decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities		(2,778	)		(120	)
Net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(1,365	)		1,588

Investing activities
Net increase in loans receivable		(14,266	)		(11,643	)
Purchases of loans receivable		(10,069	)		—
Proceeds from the sale of loans receivable		—			4,386
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity		(3,679	)		(1,645	)
Purchases of investment securities available for sale		(1,516	)		(3,088	)
Sales of investment securities available for sale		6,073			947
Principal repayments on investment securities held to maturity		3,093			1,338
Principal repayments on investment securities available for sale		2,639			878
Purchases of premises and equipment		(54	)		(64	)
Investment in other real estate owned		—			(11	)
Proceeds from other real estate owned		757			862
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		230			133
Net cash used in investing activities		(16,792	)		(7,907	)

Financing activities
Net increase in deposits		30,863			41,657
Net increase in escrowed funds		166			429
Proceeds from long-term advances		2,591			3,975
Repayments of long-term advances		(7,701	)		(6,940	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(90	)		—
Net cash provided by financing activities		25,829			39,121
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		7,672			32,802

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year		21,469			15,368

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year	$	29,141		$	48,170

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for
Interest	$	3,211		$	3,286
Income taxes	$	1,095		$	414
Non-cash operating activities
Initial recognition of lease liability and right-of-use asset	$	3,835		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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MAGYAR BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE A – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Magyar Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), its wholly owned subsidiary, Magyar Bank (the “Bank”), and the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries Magyar Service Corporation, Hungaria Urban Renewal, LLC, and MagBank Investment Company. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The Company prepares its financial statements on the accrual basis and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP"). The unaudited information furnished herein reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented.

Operating results for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2020. The September 30, 2019 information has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of other real estate owned, and the assessment of realizability of deferred income tax assets.

The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date of March 31, 2020 for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements. The evaluation was conducted through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued. The markets served by the Company have been significantly impacted by the Coronavirus/COVID-19 pandemic (“COVID-19”), which started during the first calendar quarter of 2020. Please refer to Note O- Subsequent Events for more information.

NOTE B- RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to report “expected” credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit rather than the current “incurred loss” model. These expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date are to be based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This ASU will also require enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity’s portfolio. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements that provide additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements.

In October 2019, the FASB voted to defer the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 (October 1, 2023 for the Company), and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company currently expects to continue to qualify as a smaller reporting company, based upon the current SEC definition, and as a result, will likely be able to defer implementation of the new standard for a period of time. The Company did not early adopt as of January 1, 2020, but will continue to review factors that might indicate that the full deferral time period should not be used. The Company continues to evaluate the impact the new standard will have on the accounting for credit losses, but the Company may recognize a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the new standard is effective, consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance issued at the end of 2016. The Company cannot yet determine the magnitude of any such one-time cumulative adjustment or of the overall impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

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In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Topic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. The ASU removes the disclosures of 1) the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income that the entity expects to recognize in net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year, 2) the amount and timing of plan assets expected to be returned to the employer and 3) certain related party disclosures. The ASU clarifies the disclosure requirements for the projected benefit obligation (“PBO”) and fair value of plan assets for plans with PBOs in excess of plan assets and the accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”) and fair value of plan assets for plans with ABOs in excess of plan assets. The ASU adds disclosure requirements for the weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates and for an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period. ASU 2018-14 is effective for public business entities in fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 (Beginning October 1, 2021 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The Corporation is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

NOTE C - CONTINGENCIES

The Company, from time to time, is a party to routine litigation that arises in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the resolution of this litigation, if any, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

NOTE D - EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the period considering the effect of dilutive equity options and stock awards for the diluted earnings per share calculations.

	Three Months				Six Months
	Ended March 31,				Ended March 31,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(In thousands except for per share data)

Income applicable to common shares	$	305	$	767	$	858	$	1,452
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding - basic		5,820		5,821		5,821		5,821
Stock options and restricted stock		—		—		—		—
Weighted average number of common shares
and common share equivalents - diluted		5,820		5,821		5,821		5,821

Basic earnings per share	$	0.05	$	0.13	$	0.15	$	0.25

Diluted earnings per share	$	0.05	$	0.13	$	0.15	$	0.25

There were no outstanding stock awards or options to purchase common stock at March 31, 2020 and 2019.

NOTE E – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM

The Company follows FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Section 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, which covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements including share options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights, and employee share purchase plans. ASC 718 requires that compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in consolidated financial statements. The cost is measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued.

Stock options generally vest over a five-year service period and expire ten years from issuance. The fair values of all option grants were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Management recognizes compensation expense for the fair values of these awards, which have graded vesting, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the awards. Once vested, these awards are irrevocable.

There were no grants, vested shares or forfeitures of non-vested restricted stock awards the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

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There were no stock option and stock award expenses included with compensation expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

The Company announced in November 2007 its second stock repurchase program of up to 5% of its publicly-held outstanding shares of common stock, or 129,924 shares. Through March 31, 2020, the Company had repurchased a total of 91,000 shares of its common stock at an average cost of $8.41 per share under this program, including 10,000 shares purchased at an average price of $9.03 per share during the three months ended March 31, 2020. No shares were repurchased during the three or six months ended March 31, 2019. Under the stock repurchase program, 38,924 shares of the 129,924 shares authorized remained available for repurchase as of March 31, 2020. The Company’s intended use of the repurchased shares is for general corporate purposes. The Company held 112,996 total treasury stock shares at March 31, 2020.

The Company has an Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") for the benefit of employees of the Company and the Bank who meet the eligibility requirements as defined in the plan. In 2006 the ESOP trust purchased 217,863 shares of common stock in the open market using proceeds of a loan from the Company. The total cost of shares purchased by the ESOP trust was $2.3 million, reflecting an average cost per share of $10.58. The Bank makes cash contributions to the ESOP on an annual basis sufficient to enable the ESOP to make the required loan payments to the Company. The loan bears a variable interest rate that adjusts annually every January 1^st to the then published Prime Rate (4.75% at January 1, 2020) with principal and interest payable annually in equal installments over thirty years. The loan is secured by shares of the Company’s stock.

As the debt is repaid, shares are released as collateral and allocated to qualified employees. Accordingly, the shares pledged as collateral are reported as unearned ESOP shares in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounts for its ESOP in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Employer’s Accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans”. As shares are released from collateral, the Company reports compensation expense equal to the current market price of the shares, and the shares become outstanding for earnings per share computations.

At March 31, 2020, shares allocated to participants totaled 190,661. Unallocated ESOP shares held in suspense totaled 27,202 and had a fair market value of $244,818. The Company's contribution expense for the ESOP was $73,000 and $75,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

NOTE F – OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The components of other comprehensive income and the related income tax effects are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020									2019
				Tax			Net of						Tax			Net of
	Before Tax			Benefit			Tax			Before Tax			Benefit			Tax
	Amount			(Expense)			Amount			Amount			(Expense)			Amount
	(In thousands)
Unrealized holding gain arising
during period on:

Available-for-sale investments	$	105		$	(29	)	$	76		$	297		$	(84	)	$	213

Less reclassification adjustments for:
Net gains realized on securities
available for sale ^{(a) (b)}		(68	)		19			(49	)		(32	)		9			(23	)

Other comprehensive income, net	$	37		$	(10	)	$	27		$	265		$	(75	)	$	190

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	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020									2019
				Tax			Net of						Tax			Net of
	Before Tax			Benefit			Tax			Before Tax			Benefit			Tax
	Amount			(Expense)			Amount			Amount			(Expense)			Amount
	(In thousands)
Unrealized holding gain arising
during period on:

Available-for-sale investments	$	91		$	(25	)	$	66		$	639		$	(179	)	$	460

Less reclassification adjustments for:
Net gains realized on securities
available for sale ^{(a) (b)}		(68	)		19			(49	)		(32	)		9			(23	)


Other comprehensive income, net	$	23		$	(6	)	$	17		$	607		$	(170	)	$	437

(a)	Realized gains on securities transactions included in gains on sales of investment securities in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operation

(b)	Tax effect included in income tax expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operation

NOTE G – FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets or liabilities on a non-recurring basis, such as held-to-maturity securities, mortgage servicing rights, loans receivable and other real estate owned, or OREO. These non-recurring fair value adjustments involve the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

In accordance with ASC 820, the Company groups its assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

	Level 1 -	Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

	Level 2 -	Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

	Level 3 -	Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. The results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.

The Company based its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Securities available-for-sale

The securities available-for-sale portfolio is carried at estimated fair value on a recurring basis, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/loss in stockholders’ equity. The securities available-for-sale portfolio consists of U.S government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities and private label mortgage-backed securities. The fair values of these securities are obtained from an independent nationally recognized pricing service. An independent pricing service provides the Company with prices which are categorized as Level 2, as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are generally not available for the securities in the Company’s portfolio. Various modeling techniques are used to determine pricing for Company’s mortgage-backed securities, including option pricing and discounted cash flow models. The inputs to these models include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data.

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The following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

	Fair Value at March 31, 2020
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	468	$	—	$	468	$	—
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		9,105		—		9,105		—
Total securities available for sale	$	9,573	$	—	$	9,573	$	—

	Fair Value at September 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	495	$	—	$	495	$	—
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		14,708		—		14,708		—
Debt securities		1,500		—		1,500		—
Total securities available for sale	$	16,703	$	—	$	16,703	$	—

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Mortgage Servicing Rights, net

Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSRs) are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of MSR is determined through a calculation of future cash flows, incorporating estimates of assumptions market participants would use in determining fair value including market discount rates, prepayment speeds, servicing income, servicing costs, default rates and other market driven data, including the market’s perception of future interest rate movements and, as such, are classified as Level 3. The Company had MSRs totaling $20,000 and $26,000 at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively.

Impaired Loans

Loans which meet certain criteria are evaluated individually for impairment. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All amounts due according to the contractual terms means that both the contractual interest and principal payments of a loan will be collected as scheduled in the loan agreement. Three impairment measurement methods are used, depending upon the collateral securing the asset: 1) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate (the rate of return implicit in the loan); 2) the asset’s observable market price; or 3) the fair value of the collateral, less anticipated selling and disposition costs, if the asset is collateral dependent. The regulatory agencies require the last method for loans from which repayment is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. The Company’s impaired loans are generally collateral dependent and, as such, are carried at the estimated fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Fair value is estimated through current appraisals, and adjusted by management as necessary, to reflect current market conditions and, as such, are generally classified as Level 3.

Appraisals of collateral securing impaired loans are conducted by approved, qualified, and independent third-party appraisers. Such appraisals are ordered via the Company’s credit administration department, independent from the lender who originated the loan, once the loan is deemed impaired, as described in the previous paragraph. Impaired loans are generally re-evaluated with an updated appraisal within one year of the last appraisal. The Company discounts the appraised “as is” value of the collateral for estimated selling and disposition costs and compares the resulting fair value of collateral to the outstanding loan amount. If the outstanding loan amount is greater than the discounted fair value, the Company requires a reduction in the outstanding loan balance or additional collateral before considering an extension to the loan. If the borrower is unwilling or unable to reduce the loan balance or increase the collateral securing the loan, it is deemed impaired and the difference between the loan amount and the fair value of collateral, net of estimated selling and disposition costs, is charged off through a reduction of the allowance for loan loss.

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Other Real Estate Owned

The fair value of other real estate owned is determined through current appraisals, and adjusted as necessary, by management, to reflect current market conditions and anticipated selling and disposition costs. As such, other real estate owned is generally classified as Level 3.

The following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine the carrying value of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

	Fair Value at March 31, 2020
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)

Impaired loans	$	9,480	$	—	$	—	$	9,480
Other real estate owned		6,727		—		—		6,727
Total	$	16,207	$	—	$	—	$	16,207

	Fair Value at September 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)

Impaired loans	$	6,835	$	—	$	—	$	6,835
Other real estate owned		7,528		—		—		7,528
Total	$	14,363	$	—	$	—	$	14,363

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)

	Fair Value	Valuation
March 31, 2020	Estimate	Techniques	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans	$ 9,480	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments (2)	-2.5% to -8.0% (-4.0%)
Other real estate owned	$ 6,727	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Liquidation expenses (2)	-1.3% to -53.8% (-15.6%)

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)

	Fair Value	Valuation
September 30, 2019	Estimate	Techniques	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans	$ 6,835	Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)	-1.9% to -67.2% (-25.0%)
Other real estate owned	$ 7,528	Appraisal of collateral (1)	Liquidation expenses (2)	-9.2% to -48.5% (-19.4%)

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(1)

Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals for the underlying collateral, which generally include various level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

(2)

Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of the appraisal.

The following presents the carrying amount, fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments carried at cost or amortized cost as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019. For short-term financial assets such as cash and cash equivalents and accrued interest receivable, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization. For financial liabilities such as interest-bearing demand, NOW, and money market savings deposits, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to these products being payable on demand and having no stated maturity.

	Carrying		Fair		Fair Value Measurement Placement
	Value		Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(In thousands)
March 31, 2020
Financial instruments - assets
Investment securities held to maturity	$	30,042	$	30,139	$	—	$	30,139	$	—
Loans		541,921		554,893		—		—		554,893

Financial instruments - liabilities
Certificates of deposit including retirement certificates		128,243		130,492		—		130,492		—
Borrowings		31,079		31,998		—		31,998		—

September 30, 2019
Financial instruments - assets
Investment securities held to maturity	$	29,481	$	29,344	$	—	$	29,344	$	—
Loans		518,217		527,088		—		—		527,088

Financial instruments - liabilities
Certificates of deposit including retirement certificates		116,776		117,730		—		117,730		—
Borrowings		36,189		36,583		—		36,583		—

There were no transfers between fair value measurement placements for the six months ended March 31, 2020.

NOTE H – LEASES

The Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), on October 1, 2019. Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, at the lease commencement date. The Company adopted this guidance on October 1, 2019, electing the modified retrospective transition approach method that does not adjust previous periods. The Company also elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial term of twelve months or less), or equipment leases (deemed immaterial) on the consolidated statements of condition as provided for in the guidance.

The Company has operating leases for five branch locations. Our leases have remaining lease terms of up to 11 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 additional years. Operating leases are recorded as ROU assets and lease liabilities and are included within Other assets and Accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement base on the present value of the remaining lease payments using a discount rate that represents our incremental borrowing rate. The Company recorded a $3.8 million operating lease right-of-use asset and operating lease liability beginning October 1, 2019. The incremental borrowing rate used by the Company to value its operating leases was based on the interpolated term advance rate available from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, based on the remaining lease term as of October 1, 2019.

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At March 31, 2020, the Company’s operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities totaled $3.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively.

The following table presents the balance sheet information related to our leases:

	March 31, 2020
	(Dollars in thousands)

Operating lease right-of-use asset	$	3,538
Operating lease liabilities	$	3,943
Weighted average remaining lease term in years		8.0
Weighted average discount rate		2.2%

The following table summarizes the maturity of our remaining lease liabilities by year:

	March 31, 2020
	(In thousands)
For the Year Ending:
2020	$	350
2021		705
2022		595
2023		602
2024		602
2025 and thereafter		1,528
Total lease payments		4,382
Less imputed interest		(439	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	3,943

Total lease expense recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income within Occupancy expense were $403,000 and $392,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

NOTE I - INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair values of securities available for sale at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	March 31, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	445	$	23	$	—		$	468
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		9,045		95		(35	)		9,105
Total securities available for sale	$	9,490	$	118	$	(35	)	$	9,573

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	September 30, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage backed securities - residential	$	480	$	15	$	—		$	495
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities-residential		14,663		80		(35	)		14,708
Debt securities		1,500		—		—			1,500
Total securities available for sale	$	16,643	$	95	$	(35	)	$	16,703

The maturities of the debt securities and certain information regarding the mortgage-backed securities available for sale at March 31, 2020 are summarized in the following table:

	March 31, 2020
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Due within 1 year	$	—	$	—
Due after 1 but within 5 years		—		—
Due after 5 but within 10 years		—		—
Due after 10 years		—		—
Total debt securities		—		—

Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential		9,490		9,573
Commercial		—		—
Total	$	9,490	$	9,573

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair values of securities held to maturity at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	March 31, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities held to maturity:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	1,917	$	30	$	(37	)	$	1,910
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		810		—		(6	)		804
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed-securities - residential		23,078		759		(9	)		23,828
Debt securities		970		30		—			1,000
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential		267		—		(34	)		233
Corporate securities		3,000		—		(636	)		2,364
Total securities held to maturity	$	30,042	$	819	$	(722	)	$	30,139

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	September 30, 2019
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
	Cost		Gains		Losses			Value
	(In thousands)
Securities held to maturity:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential	$	445	$	—	$	(54	)	$	391
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		842		—		(6	)		836
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage backed securities - residential		22,363		276		(47	)		22,592
Debt securities		2,468		10		—			2,478
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential		363		7		—			370
Corporate securities		3,000		—		(323	)		2,677
Total securities held to maturity	$	29,481	$	293	$	(430	)	$	29,344

The maturities of the debt securities and certain information regarding the mortgage backed securities held to maturity at March 31, 2020 are summarized in the following table:

	March 31, 2020
	Amortized		Fair
	Cost		Value
	(In thousands)
Due within 1 year	$	—	$	—
Due after 1 but within 5 years		—		—
Due after 5 but within 10 years		3,970		3,364
Due after 10 years		—		—
Total debt securities		3,970		3,364

Mortgage-backed securities:
Residential		25,262		25,971
Commercial		810		804
Total	$	30,042	$	30,139

NOTE J – IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The Company recognizes credit-related other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities in earnings while noncredit-related other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities not expected to be sold are recognized in other comprehensive income.

The Company reviews its investment portfolio on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment. This review includes analyzing the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than the cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including any specific events which may influence the operations of the issuer and the intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in the market. The Company evaluates its intent and ability to hold debt securities based upon its investment strategy for the particular type of security and its cash flow needs, liquidity position, capital adequacy and interest rate risk position. In addition, the risk of future other-than-temporary impairment may be influenced by prolonged recession in the U.S. economy, changes in real estate values and interest deferrals.

Investment securities with fair values less than their amortized cost contain unrealized losses. The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and fair value at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019 for both available for sale and held to maturity securities by investment category and time frame for which the loss has been outstanding:

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			March 31, 2020
			Less Than 12 Months					12 Months Or Greater					Total
	Number of		Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
	Securities		Value		Losses			Value		Losses			Value		Losses
			(Dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		2	$	—	$	—		$	380	$	(37	)	$	380	$	(37	)
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		1		—		—			804		(6	)		804		(6	)
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		5		1,228		—			3,952		(44	)		5,180		(44	)
Private label mortgage-backed securities residential		1		233		(34	)		—		—			233		(34	)
Corporate securities		1		—		—			2,364		(636	)		2,364		(636	)
Total		10	$	1,461	$	(34	)	$	7,500	$	(723	)	$	8,961	$	(757	)

			September 30, 2019
			Less Than 12 Months					12 Months Or Greater					Total
	Number of		Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
	Securities		Value		Losses			Value		Losses			Value		Losses
			(Dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. government agencies:
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		2	$	—	$	—		$	392	$	(54	)	$	392	$	(54	)
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial		1		—		—			836		(6	)		836		(6	)
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
Mortgage-backed securities - residential		13		1,219		(4	)		14,429		(78	)		15,648		(82	)
Corporate securities		1		—		—			2,678		(323	)		2,678		(323	)
Total		17	$	1,219	$	(4	)	$	18,335	$	(461	)	$	19,554	$	(465	)

The Company evaluated these securities and determined that the decline in value was primarily related to fluctuations in the interest rate environment and were not related to any company or industry specific event. At March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, there were ten and seventeen, respectively, investment securities with unrealized losses.

The Company anticipates full recovery of amortized costs with respect to these securities. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and has determined that it is not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities prior to maturity or market price recovery. Management has considered factors regarding other than temporarily impaired securities and determined that there are no securities with impairment that is other than temporary as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

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NOTE K – LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans receivable, net were comprised of the following:

	March 31,			September 30,
	2020			2019
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	204,575		$	190,415
Commercial real estate		245,860			232,544
Construction		22,333			28,451
Home equity lines of credit		22,170			17,832
Commercial business		47,684			48,769
Other		4,782			4,990
Total loans receivable		547,404			523,001
Net deferred loan costs		42			104
Allowance for loan losses		(5,525	)		(4,888	)

Total loans receivable, net	$	541,921		$	518,217

The segments of the Bank’s loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance. The residential mortgage loan segment is further disaggregated into two classes: amortizing term loans, which are primarily first liens, and home equity lines of credit, which are generally second liens. The commercial real estate loan segment is further disaggregated into three classes: loans secured by multifamily structures, owner-occupied commercial structures, and non-owner occupied nonresidential properties. The construction loan segment consists primarily of loans to developers or investors for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing residential or commercial structures and to a lesser extent one-to-four family residential construction loans made to individuals for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built. Construction loans to developers and investors have a higher risk profile because the ultimate buyer, once development is completed, is generally not known at the time of the loan. The commercial business loan segment consists of loans made for the purpose of financing the activities of commercial customers and consists primarily of revolving lines of credit. The other loan segment consists primarily of stock-secured installment consumer loans, but also includes unsecured personal loans and overdraft lines of credit connected with customer deposit accounts.

Management evaluates individual loans in all segments for possible impairment if the loan either is in nonaccrual status, or is risk rated Substandard and is 90 days or more past due. Loans are considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in evaluating impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

Once the determination has been made that a loan is impaired, the recorded investment in the loan is compared to the fair value of the loan using one of three methods: (a) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (b) the loan’s observable market price; or (c) the fair value of the collateral securing the loan, less anticipated selling and disposition costs. The method is selected on a loan by loan basis, with management primarily utilizing the fair value of collateral method. If there is a shortfall between the fair value of the loan and the recorded investment in the loan, the Company charges the difference to the allowance for loan loss as a charge-off and carries the impaired loan on its books at fair value. It is the Company’s policy to evaluate impaired loans on an annual basis to ensure the recorded investment in a loan does not exceed its fair value.

The following tables present impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and charged-off and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary at the dates presented:

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					Impaired
					Loans with
	Impaired Loans with				No Specific
	Specific Allowance				Allowance		Total Impaired Loans
									Unpaid
	Recorded		Related		Recorded		Recorded		Principal
March 31, 2020	Investment		Allowance		Investment		Investment		Balance
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	—	$	—	$	2,177	$	2,177	$	2,177
Commercial real estate		599		46		2,768		3,367		3,367
Construction		2,306		175		2,900		5,206		5,206
Commercial business		—		—		1,404		1,404		1,404
Total impaired loans	$	2,905	$	221	$	9,249	$	12,154	$	12,154

					Impaired
					Loans with
	Impaired Loans with				No Specific
	Specific Allowance				Allowance		Total Impaired Loans
									Unpaid
	Recorded		Related		Recorded		Recorded		Principal
September 30, 2019	Investment		Allowance		Investment		Investment		Balance
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	—	$	—	$	1,405	$	1,405	$	1,405
Commercial real estate		—		—		4,593		4,593		4,593
Construction		—		—		2,900		2,900		2,900
Commercial business		—		—		1,456		1,456		1,456
Total impaired loans	$	—	$	—	$	10,354	$	10,354	$	10,354

The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $10.3 million and $7.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s impaired loans include delinquent non-accrual loans and performing Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”), as TDRs remain impaired loans until fully repaid. There were no TDRs during the six months ended March 31, 2020. There was one TDR during the six months ended March 31, 2019 totaling $365,000 that resulted from the restructure of a previously impaired, non-accrual loan. During the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, interest income of $75,000 and $109,000, respectively, were recognized for TDR loans while no interest income was recognized for delinquent non-accrual loans.

The following tables present the average recorded investment in impaired loans for the periods indicated. There was no interest income recognized on impaired loans during the periods presented.

	Three Months		Six Months
	Ended March 31, 2020		Ended March 31, 2020
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	1,787	$	1,659
Commercial real estate		2,995		3,528
Construction		4,053		3,669
Commercial business		1,441		1,446
Average investment in impaired loans	$	10,276	$	10,302

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	Three Months		Six Months
	Ended March 31, 2019		Ended March 31, 2019
	(In thousands)

One-to-four family residential	$	1,240	$	1,204
Commercial real estate		3,923		3,936
Construction		2,900		1,933
Home equity lines of credit		49		52
Commercial business		646		667
Average investment in impaired loans	$	8,758	$	7,792

Management uses a ten point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first six categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. Loans classified Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified Substandard with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. All loans greater than three months past due are considered Substandard. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as severe delinquency, bankruptcy, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Bank’s Commercial Loan Officers are responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in their portfolios at origination and on an ongoing basis. The Asset Review Committee performs monthly reviews of all commercial relationships internally rated 6 (“Watch”) or worse. Confirmation of the appropriate risk grade is performed by an external loan review company that semi-annually reviews and assesses loans within the portfolio. Generally, the external consultant reviews commercial relationships greater than $500,000 and/or criticized relationships greater than $250,000. Detailed reviews, including plans for resolution, are performed on loans classified as Substandard on a monthly basis.

The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the Bank’s internal risk rating system at the dates presented:

			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total

	(In thousands)
March 31, 2020
One-to-four family residential	$	203,308	$	—	$	1,267	$	—	$	204,575
Commercial real estate		243,683		406		1,771		—		245,860
Construction		17,035		—		5,298		—		22,333
Home equity lines of credit		22,170		—		—		—		22,170
Commercial business		46,435		13		1,236		—		47,684
Other		4,782		—		—		—		4,782
Total	$	537,413	$	419	$	9,572	$	—	$	547,404

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			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total

	(In thousands)
September 30, 2019
One-to-four family residential	$	189,938	$	—	$	477	$	—	$	190,415
Commercial real estate		228,156		1,409		2,979		—		232,544
Construction		25,551		—		2,900		—		28,451
Home equity lines of credit		17,832		—		—		—		17,832
Commercial business		47,541		—		1,228		—		48,769
Other		4,990		—		—		—		4,990
Total	$	514,008	$	1,409	$	7,584	$	—	$	523,001

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans at the dates presented:

			30-59		60-89
			Days		Days		90 Days +		Total		Non-		Total
	Current		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Accrual		Loans
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020
One-to-four family residential	$	200,712	$	2,957	$	—	$	906	$	3,863	$	906	$	204,575
Commercial real estate		240,540		3,549		—		1,771		5,320		1,771		245,860
Construction		17,127		—		—		5,206		5,206		5,206		22,333
Home equity lines of credit		22,072		6		92		—		98		—		22,170
Commercial business		45,028		1,420		—		1,236		2,656		1,236		47,684
Other		4,782		—		—		—		—		—		4,782
Total	$	530,261	$	7,932	$	92	$	9,119	$	17,143	$	9,119	$	547,404

			30-59		60-89
			Days		Days		90 Days +		Total		Non-		Total
	Current		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Accrual		Loans
	(In thousands)
September 30, 2019
One-to-four family residential	$	190,301	$	—	$	—	$	114	$	114	$	114	$	190,415
Commercial real estate		229,331		503		58		2,652		3,213		2,652		232,544
Construction		25,551		—		—		2,900		2,900		2,900		28,451
Home equity lines of credit		17,832		—		—		—		—		—		17,832
Commercial business		47,541		—		—		1,228		1,228		1,228		48,769
Other		4,990		—		—		—		—		—		4,990
Total	$	515,546	$	503	$	58	$	6,894	$	7,455	$	6,894	$	523,001

An allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio. The ALL is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans (“NPLs”).

The Bank’s methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35 for loans individually evaluated for impairment (discussed above) and ASC Subtopic 450-20 for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance.

Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate. For general allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio. These historical loss amounts are modified by other qualitative and economic factors.

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The loans are segmented into classes based on their inherent varying degrees of risk, as described above. Management tracks the historical net charge-off activity by segment and utilizes this figure, as a percentage of the segment, as the general reserve percentage for pooled, homogenous loans that have not been deemed impaired. Typically, an average of losses incurred over a defined number of consecutive historical years is used.

Non-impaired credits are segregated for the application of qualitative factors. Management has identified a number of additional qualitative factors which it uses to supplement the historical charge-off factor because these factors are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to differ from historical loss experience. The additional factors that are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained from internal, regulatory, and governmental sources include: national and local economic trends and conditions; levels of and trends in delinquency rates and non-accrual loans; trends in volumes and terms of loans; effects of changes in lending policies; experience, ability, and depth of lending staff; value of underlying collateral; and concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or geographic standpoint.

Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL. Since loans individually evaluated for impairment are promptly written down to their fair value, typically there is no portion of the ALL for loans individually evaluated for impairment.

The following table summarizes the ALL by loan category and the related activity for the six months ended March 31, 2020:

	One-to-Four								Home Equity
	Family			Commercial					Lines of		Commercial
	Residential			Real Estate			Construction		Credit		Business			Other			Unallocated			Total
	(Dollars in thousands)

Balance- September 30, 2019	$	731		$	2,066		$	511	$	138	$	1,184		$	8		$	250		$	4,888
Charge-offs		—			—			—		—		—			—			—			—
Recoveries		2			—			—		—		—			—			—			2
Provision (credit)		(26	)		(147	)		63		2		311			(6	)		13			210
Balance- December 31, 2019	$	707		$	1,919		$	574	$	140	$	1,495		$	2		$	263		$	5,100
Charge-offs		—			—			—		—		—			—			—			—
Recoveries		5			—			—		—		—			—			—			5
Provision (credit)		227			457			70		42		(287	)		(2	)		(87	)		420
Balance- March 31, 2020	$	939		$	2,376		$	644	$	182	$	1,208		$	—		$	176		$	5,525

The following table summarizes the ALL by loan category and the related activity for the six months ended March 31, 2019:

	One-to-Four							Home Equity
	Family			Commercial				Lines of		Commercial
	Residential			Real Estate		Construction		Credit		Business			Other			Unallocated			Total
	(In thousands)

Balance- September 30, 2018	$	687		$	1,540	$	493	$	109	$	1,151		$	25		$	195		$	4,200
Charge-offs		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			—
Recoveries		—			—		—		1		—			—			—			1
Provision (credit)		11			50		181		11		31			(21	)		(62	)		201
Balance- December 31, 2018	$	698		$	1,590	$	674	$	121	$	1,182		$	4		$	133		$	4,402
Charge-offs		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			—
Recoveries		92			—		—		—		—			—			—			92
Provision (credit)		(80	)		95		142		17		(78	)		(1	)		11			106
Balance- March 31, 2019	$	710		$	1,685	$	816	$	138	$	1,104		$	3		$	144		$	4,600

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The following tables summarize the ALL by loan category, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	One-to-Four						Home Equity
	Family		Commercial				Lines of		Commercial
	Residential		Real Estate		Construction		Credit		Business		Other		Unallocated		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance - March 31, 2020	$	939	$	2,376	$	644	$	182	$	1,208	$	—	$	176	$	5,525
Individually evaluated
for impairment		—		46		175		—		—		—		—		221
Collectively evaluated
for impairment		939		2,330		469		182		1,208		—		176		5,304

Loans receivable:
Balance - March 31, 2020	$	204,575	$	245,860	$	22,333	$	22,170	$	47,684	$	4,782	$	—	$	547,404
Individually evaluated
for impairment		2,177		3,367		5,206		—		1,404		—		—		12,154
Collectively evaluated
for impairment		202,398		242,493		17,127		22,170		46,280		4,782		—		535,250

	One-to-Four						Home Equity
	Family		Commercial				Lines of		Commercial
	Residential		Real Estate		Construction		Credit		Business		Other		Unallocated		Total
	(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance - September 30, 2019	$	731	$	2,066	$	511	$	138	$	1,184	$	8	$	250	$	4,888
Individually evaluated
for impairment		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Collectively evaluated
for impairment		731		2,066		511		138		1,184		8		250		4,888

Loans receivable:
Balance - September 30, 2019	$	190,415	$	232,544	$	28,451	$	17,832	$	48,769	$	4,990	$	—	$	523,001
Individually evaluated
for impairment		1,405		4,593		2,900		—		1,456		—		—		10,354
Collectively evaluated
for impairment		189,010		227,951		25,551		17,832		47,313		4,990		—		512,647

The allowance for loan losses is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates. Management believes that the segmentation of the loan portfolio into homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

A Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR) is a loan that has been modified whereby the Bank has agreed to make certain concessions to a borrower to meet the needs of both the borrower and the Bank to maximize the ultimate recovery of a loan. TDR occurs when a borrower is experiencing, or is expected to experience, financial difficulties and the loan is modified using a modification that would otherwise not be granted to the borrower. The types of concessions granted generally include, but are not limited to, interest rate reductions, limitations on the accrued interest charged, term extensions, and deferment of principal.

A default on a troubled debt restructured loan for purposes of this disclosure occurs when a borrower is 90 days past due or a foreclosure or repossession of the applicable collateral has occurred. There were no TDRs for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 compared with one TDR of a one-to-four family residential loan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019.

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NOTE L - DEPOSITS

A summary of deposits by type of account are summarized as follows:

	March 31,		September 30,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)

Demand accounts	$	132,177	$	106,422
Savings accounts		70,859		70,598
NOW accounts		42,567		48,164
Money market accounts		187,092		188,115
Certificates of deposit		112,374		100,016
Retirement certificates		15,869		16,760
Total deposits	$	560,938	$	530,075

NOTE M – INCOME TAXES

The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities: (i) are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns; (ii) are attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases; and (iii) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Where applicable, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance for any portions determined not likely to be realized. The valuation allowance is assessed by management on a quarterly basis and adjusted, by a charge or credit to income tax expense, as changes in facts and circumstances warrant. In assessing whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, management considers projections of future taxable income, the projected periods in which current temporary differences will be deductible, the availability of carry forwards, feasible and permissible tax planning strategies and existing tax laws and regulations. The Company did not have a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets at March 31, 2020 or September 30, 2019.

A reconciliation of income tax between the amounts calculated based upon pre-tax income at the Company’s federal statutory rate and the amounts reflected in the consolidated statements of operations are as follows:

	For the Three Months						For the Six Months
	Ended March 31,						Ended March 31,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
	(In thousands)

Income tax expense at the statutory federal tax rate of 21%
for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019	$	77		$	203		$	221		$	382
State tax expense		57			125			163			236
Other		(13	)		(4	)		(25	)		(14	)
Income tax expense	$	121		$	324		$	359		$	604

On July 1, 2018, the State of New Jersey's Assembly signed into law a new bill, effective January 1, 2018, that imposed a temporary surtax on corporations earning New Jersey allocated income in excess of $1 million. The surtax was set at a rate of 2.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019, and at a rate of 1.5% for years beginning on or after January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021. Accordingly, the Company is using an 11.5% State tax rate for the calculation of its State income tax expense for the six months ended March 31, 2020.

NOTE N - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK

The Company occasionally uses derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate floors and collars, as part of its interest rate risk management. Interest rate caps and floors are agreements whereby one party agrees to pay or receive a floating rate of interest on a notional principal amount for a predetermined period of time if certain market interest rate thresholds are met. The Company considers the credit risk inherent in these contracts to be negligible.

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As of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company did not hold any interest rate floors or collars.

In the normal course of business the Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk and in only to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments are commitments to extend credit are summarized in the below table. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

	March 31,		September 30,
	2020		2019
	(In thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts
represent credit risk
Letters of credit	$	967	$	1,315
Unused lines of credit		51,855		56,405
Fixed rate loan commitments		1,993		3,362
Variable rate loan commitments		16,781		12,141
Total	$	71,596	$	73,223

NOTE O – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to our quarter end, global, national and local economies and financial markets have been negatively impacted by the effects of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. The Bank is closely monitoring its asset quality, liquidity, and capital positions. Management is actively working to minimize the current and future impact of this unprecedented situation, and is making adjustments to operations where appropriate or necessary to help slow the spread of the virus. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the impact the pandemic may have on the Bank’s financial position is not known.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

When used in this filing and in future filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in the Company’s press releases or other public or shareholder communications, or in oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer, the words or phrases, “anticipate,” “would be,” “will allow,” “intends to,” “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “projected,” “believes”, or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward looking statements.” Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those risks previously disclosed by the Company in Item 1A of its Annual Report on Form 10-K as may be supplemented by Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, general economic conditions, changes in interest rates, regulatory considerations, competition, technological developments, retention and recruitment of qualified personnel, and market acceptance of the Company’s pricing, products and services, and with respect to the loans extended by the Bank and real estate owned, the following: risks related to the economic environment in the market areas in which the Bank operates, particularly with respect to the real estate market in New Jersey; the risk that the value of the real estate securing these loans may decline in value; and the risk that significant expense may be incurred by the Company in connection with the resolution of these loans. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic is having an adverse impact on the Company, its customers and the communities it serves. The adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company, its customers and the communities where it operates may adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition for an indefinite period of time.

The Company wishes to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made, and advises readers that various factors, including regional and national economic conditions, substantial changes in levels of market interest rates, credit and other risks of lending and investing activities, and competitive and regulatory factors, could affect the Company’s financial performance and could cause the Company’s actual results for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected.

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The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect occurrences or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Critical accounting policies may involve complex subjective decisions or assessments. We consider the following to be our critical accounting policies.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is the amount estimated by management as necessary to cover credit losses in the loan portfolio both probable and reasonably estimable at the balance sheet date. The allowance is established through the provision for loan losses which is charged against income. In determining the allowance for loan losses, management makes significant estimates and has identified this policy as one of our most critical. Due to the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the assumptions utilized and the potential for changes in the economic environment that could result in changes to the amount of the recorded allowance for loan losses, the methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting policy by management.

As a substantial amount of our loan portfolio is collateralized by real estate, appraisals of the underlying value of property securing loans and discounted cash flow valuations of properties are critical in determining the amount of the allowance required for specific loans. Assumptions for appraisals and discounted cash flow valuations are instrumental in determining the value of properties. Overly optimistic assumptions or negative changes to assumptions could significantly affect the valuation of a property securing a loan and the related allowance determined. The assumptions supporting such appraisals and discounted cash flow valuations are carefully reviewed by management to determine that the resulting values reasonably reflect amounts realizable on the related loans.

Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. We consider a variety of factors in establishing this estimate including, but not limited to, current economic conditions, delinquency statistics, geographic and industry concentrations, the adequacy of the underlying collateral, the financial strength of the borrower, results of internal loan reviews and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates by management that may be susceptible to significant change based on changes in economic and real estate market conditions.

The evaluation has a specific and general component. The specific component relates to loans that are delinquent or otherwise identified as impaired through the application of our loan review process and our loan grading system. All such loans are evaluated individually, with principal consideration given to the value of the collateral securing the loan and discounted cash flows. Specific impairment allowances are established as required by this analysis. The general component is determined by segregating the remaining loans by type of loan, risk weighting (if applicable) and payment history. We also analyze historical loss experience, delinquency trends, general economic conditions and geographic and industry concentrations. This analysis establishes factors that are applied to the loan groups to determine the amount of the general component of the allowance for loan losses.

Actual loan losses may be significantly greater than the allowances we have established, which could have a material negative effect on our financial results.

Other Real Estate Owned. Real estate acquired through foreclosure, or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, is recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of acquisition or transfer, and subsequently at the lower of its new cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. Adjustments to the carrying value at the date of acquisition or transfer are charged to the allowance for loan losses. The carrying value of the individual properties is subsequently adjusted to the extent it exceeds estimated fair value less estimated selling costs, at which time a provision for losses on such real estate is charged to operations.

Appraisals are critical in determining the fair value of the other real estate owned amount. Assumptions for appraisals are instrumental in determining the value of properties. Overly optimistic assumptions or negative changes to assumptions could significantly affect the valuation of a property. The assumptions supporting such appraisals are carefully reviewed by management to determine that the resulting values reasonably reflect amounts realizable.

Investment Securities. If the fair value of a security is less than its amortized cost, the security is deemed to be impaired. Management evaluates all securities with unrealized losses quarterly to determine if such impairments are “temporary” or “other-than-temporary” in accordance with applicable accounting guidance. The Company accounts for temporary impairments based upon security classification as either available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, or trading. Temporary impairments on “available-for-sale” securities are recognized, on a tax-effected basis, through accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) with offsetting entries adjusting the carrying value of the security and the balance of deferred taxes. Conversely, the Company does not adjust the carrying value of “held-to-maturity” securities for temporary impairments, although information concerning the amount and duration of impairments on held to maturity securities is generally disclosed in periodic financial statements. The carrying value of securities held in a trading portfolio is adjusted to their fair value through earnings on a daily basis. However, the Company maintained no securities in trading portfolios at or during the periods presented in these financial statements.

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The Company accounts for other-than-temporary impairments based upon several considerations. First, other-than-temporary impairments on securities that the Company has decided to sell as of the close of a fiscal period, or will, more likely than not, be required to sell prior to the full recovery of their fair value to a level equal to their amortized cost, are recognized in operations. If neither of these criteria apply, then the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into credit-related and noncredit-related components. The credit-related impairment generally represents the amount by which the present value of the cash flows that are expected to be collected on an other-than-temporarily impaired security fall below its amortized cost while the noncredit-related component represents the remaining portion of the impairment not otherwise designated as credit-related. The Company recognizes credit-related, other-than-temporary impairments in earnings, while noncredit-related, other-than-temporary impairments on debt securities are recognized, net of deferred taxes, in AOCI. Management did not account for any other-than-temporary impairments at or during the periods presented in these financial statements.

Fair Value. We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Our securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other assets or liabilities on a non-recurring basis, such as held-to-maturity securities, mortgage servicing rights, loans receivable and other real estate owned. These non-recurring fair value adjustments involve the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, we group our assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. We base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

Deferred Income Taxes. The Company records income taxes using the asset and liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities: (i) are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns; (ii) are attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases; and (iii) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Where applicable, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance for any portions determined not likely to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income tax expense in the period of enactment. The valuation allowance is adjusted, by a charge or credit to income tax expense, as changes in facts and circumstances warrant.

Coronavirus/COVID-19

The extraordinary impact of the Coronavirus/COVID-19 (“COVID-19”) has created an unprecedented environment for consumers and businesses alike. In response to the spread of the virus, the Governor of New Jersey issued a pair of executive orders on March 21, 2020 directing residents to stay indoors and to close all non-essential businesses. Banking is considered an essential business and the Company’s Board and Executive Officers are committed to continue servicing Bank customers while protecting its valued employees. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, was signed into law on March 27, 2020,and provides over $2.0 trillion in emergency economic relief to individuals and businesses impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

To protect its employees and customers from potential exposure to the virus, on March 20, 2020 all Magyar Bank lobbies were temporarily closed. Magyar Bank continues to serve its community through its drive-up lanes, online banking, mobile services, and ATMs. Magyar Bank’s electronic banking platform ensures depositors and borrowers have ongoing access to the funds they need. Operational staff are working on a rotational basis and between their primary offices and our disaster recovery location to limit their potential exposure to COVID-19 and to continue providing banking services to our customers during this challenging time.

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To assist its customers, Magyar Bank is offering loan payment deferrals to borrowers unable to pay due to the effects of COVID-19. The Bank has received significant numbers of requests to modify loan terms to defer principal and/or interest payments, and has agreed to such deferrals or are in the process of doing so. The banking regulatory agencies, through an Interagency Statement dated April 7, 2020, are encouraging financial institutions to work with borrowers who request loan modifications or deferrals as a result of COVID-19. Under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, loans less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 will be considered current for COVID-19 modifications. A financial institution may temporarily suspend any determination of a loan modified as a result of COVID-19 as being a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), including the requirement to determine impairment for accounting purposes. Similarly, the Financial Accounting Standards Board has confirmed that short-term modifications made on a good-faith basis in response to COVID-19 to loan customers who were current prior to any relief are not TDRs.

As of May 8, 2020, we had modified 245 loans aggregating $145.9 million, primarily consisting of the deferral of principal and/or interest payments for a period of 90 days. Details with respect to actual loan modifications are as follows:

Type of Loan	Number of Loans		Balance		Weighted Average Interest Rate
				(In thousands)
One- to four-family residential real estate ⁽¹⁾		77	$	19,350		4.13%
Commercial real estate		126		104,948		4.77%
Construction		4		2,630		3.97%
Home equity lines of credit		8		12,850		4.35%
Commercial business		30		6,093		4.98%
Total		245	$	145,871		4.65%

(1) Includes home equity loans.

The CARES Act authorized the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) to temporarily guarantee loans under a new 7(a) loan program called the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). As a qualified SBA lender, Magyar Bank was automatically authorized to originate PPP loans. An eligible business could apply for a PPP loan up to the greater of: (1) 2.5 times its average monthly “payroll costs;” or (2) $10.0 million. PPP loans have: (a) an interest rate of 1.0%, (b) a two-year loan term to maturity; and (c) principal and interest payments deferred for six months from the date of disbursement. The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers. The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, including any accrued interest, is eligible to be reduced by the loan forgiveness amount under the PPP so long as employee and compensation levels of the business are maintained and 75% of the loan proceeds are used for payroll expenses, with the remaining 25% of the loan proceeds used for other qualifying expenses.

As of May 8, 2020, we had received approximately 300 applications for up to $53.0 million in loans under the PPP. Under the PPP, the Bank receives a processing fee from the SBA based on a percentage of the PPP loan as follows: 5% for loans under $350,000, 3% for loans of $350,000 up to $1,999,900, and 1% for loans of $2,000,000 or more. The processing fees will be amortized over the expected life of the loans. The Bank expects to receive fees totaling $1.9 million. Due to the administrative efforts of these loans and the overall economic impact from COVID-19, we expect significantly lower non-PPP loan growth for the remainder of the year.

The health of the banking industry is highly correlated with that of the economy. The closure of non-essential businesses in our local and national economies increases the likelihood of recession, which typically results in an increased level of credit losses. Accordingly, our provisions for loan loss increased this quarter and will be closely monitored throughout the pandemic. In addition to utilizing quantitative loss factors, the Company considers qualitative factors, such as changes in underwriting policies, current economic conditions, delinquency statistics, the adequacy of the underlying collateral and the financial strength of the borrower. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of the Company’s loan portfolio in future quarters is unknown, however all of these factors are likely to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019

Total assets increased $27.8 million, or 4.4%, to $658.2 million at March 31, 2020 from $630.3 million at September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily attributable to a $23.7 million increase in net loans receivable, and a $4.3 million increase in other assets.

Cash and interest bearing deposits with banks increased $7.7 million, or 35.7%, to $29.1 million at March 31, 2020 from $21.4 million at September 30, 2019 as the result of net deposit inflows to fund loan growth during the six months ended March 31, 2020.

At March 31, 2020, investment securities totaled $39.6 million, reflecting a decrease of $6.6 million, or 14.2%, from $46.2 million at September 30, 2019. The Company received payments from mortgage-backed securities and bond calls totaling $5.7 million, sold five investment securities totaling $6.1 million and purchased three mortgage-backed securities totaling $5.2 million during the six months ended March 31, 2020.

Investment securities at March 31, 2020 consisted of $35.4 million in mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, $970,000 in U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities, $3.0 million in corporate notes, and $267,000 in “private-label” mortgage-backed securities. There were no other-than-temporary-impairment charges for the Company’s investment securities for the six months ended March 31, 2020.

Total loans receivable increased $24.4 million, or 4.7%, during the six months ended March 31, 2020 to $547.4 million from $523.0 million at September 30, 2019. The loan portfolio was comprised of $245.9 million (44.9%) commercial real estate loans, $204.5 million (37.4%) one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, $47.7 million (8.7%) commercial business loans, $22.3 million (4.1%) construction loans, $22.2 million (4.1%) home equity lines of credit and $4.8 million (0.8%) other loans. Expansion of the portfolio during the six months ended March 31, 2020 occurred in 1-4 family residential real estate loans (including home equity lines of credit), which increased $18.5 million, or 8.9%, and in commercial real estate loans, which increased $13.3 million, or 5.7%. Partially offsetting these increases were construction loans, which decreased $6.1 million, or 21.5%, commercial business loans, which decreased $1.1 million, or 2.2% and other loans, which decreased $208,000, or 4.2%, during the six month period.

Total non-performing loans increased $2.2 million, or 32.3%, to $9.1 million at March 31, 2020 from $6.9 million at September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily related to one relationship consisting of two construction loans totaling $2.3 million and three commercial loans totaling $1.0 million. Based on updated appraisals of the real estate securing the loans, net of estimated selling and disposition costs, management established $231,000 in specific reserves for three of the loans. The loans were in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, foreclosures of collateral securing residential real estate loans have been temporarily suspended while the foreclosure proceedings of commercial real estate is expected to slow significantly as court hearings have been postponed until further notice. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans increased to 1.67% at March 31, 2020 from 1.32% at September 30, 2019. Year-to-date, there were no charge offs and there were $6,000 in recoveries of previously charged-off non-performing loans.

During the six months ended March 31, 2020, the allowance for loan losses increased $637,000 to $5.5 million. The increase was attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the Bank’s local economy. Management adjusted its factor affecting historical losses for a higher likelihood of economic recession in the next twelve months for all segments of its loan portfolio at March 31, 2020. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans decreased to 60.6% at March 31, 2020 compared with 70.9% at September 30, 2019. At March 31, 2020, the Company’s allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.01% compared with 0.93% at September 30, 2019.

Future increases in the allowance for loan losses may be necessary based on the growth of the loan portfolio, the change in composition of the loan portfolio, possible future increases in non-performing loans and charge-offs, and the possible deterioration of the current economic environment due to COVID-19.

Other real estate owned decreased $801,000, or 10.6%, to $6.7 million at March 31, 2020 from $7.5 million at September 30, 2019. The decrease was the result of the two sales totaling $745,000 and valuation allowances totaling $60,000. While several of the properties were under contract of sale at March 31, 2020, it is unknown when and if the sales will occur given the COVID-19 pandemic.

Total deposits increased $30.8 million, or 5.8%, to $560.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $530.1 million at September 30, 2019. The increase in deposits occurred in non-interest bearing checking accounts, which increased $25.7 million, or 24.2%, to $132.2 million, certificates of deposit (including individual retirement accounts) which increased $11.5 million, or 9.8%, to $128.2 million, and in savings accounts, which increased $261,000, or 0.4%, to $70.8 million. Offsetting these increases were decreases in interest-bearing checking accounts, which decreased $5.6 million, or 11.6%, to $42.6 million, and money market accounts, which decreased $1.0 million, or 0.5%, to $187.1 million.

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Included with the total deposits at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019 were brokered certificates of deposit totaling $6.9 million.

Federal Home Loan Bank of New York advances decreased $5.1 million to $31.1 million at March 31, 2020 from $36.2 million at September 30, 2019. The Company used proceeds from deposit inflows during the six months period to repay matured term borrowings.

Stockholders’ equity increased $857,000, or 1.6%, to $55.5 million at March 31, 2020 from $54.6 million at September 30, 2019. The Company’s book value per share increased to $9.55 at March 31, 2020 from $9.39 at September 30, 2019. The increase in stockholders’ equity was attributable to the Company’s results from operations and treasury share purchases.

The Company repurchased 10,000 shares of its common stock at an average price of $9.03 during the six months ended March 31, 2020. Through March 31, 2020, the Company had repurchased 91,000 shares at an average price of $8.41 pursuant to the second stock repurchase plan, which reduced outstanding shares to 5,810,746.

Average Balance Sheet for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

The following tables present certain information regarding the Company’s financial condition and net interest income for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The tables present the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets and the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. We derived the yields and costs by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. We derived average balances from daily balances over the period indicated. Interest income includes fees that we consider adjustments to yields.

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	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020						2019
	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Yield/Cost (Annualized)		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Yield/Cost (Annualized)
	(Dollars In Thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-earning deposits	$	26,632	$	84		1.27%	$	35,416	$	206		2.35%
Loans receivable, net		532,081		6,224		4.69%		513,472		6,226		4.92%
Securities
Taxable		45,114		257		2.29%		57,287		340		2.41%
FHLB of NY stock		1,974		34		6.97%		2,047		37		7.31%
Total interest-earning assets		605,801		6,599		4.37%		608,222		6,809		4.54%
Noninterest-earning assets		46,667						41,948
Total assets	$	652,468					$	650,170

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts ⁽¹⁾	$	70,342		106		0.60%	$	75,917		125		0.67%
NOW accounts ⁽²⁾		236,877		682		1.16%		240,205		832		1.40%
Time deposits ⁽³⁾		129,458		610		1.89%		125,426		551		1.78%
Total interest-bearing deposits		436,677		1,398		1.28%		441,548		1,508		1.39%
Borrowings		30,675		169		2.21%		32,935		180		2.22%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		467,352		1,567		1.34%		474,483		1,688		1.44%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities		130,099						123,251
Total liabilities		597,451						597,734
Retained earnings		55,017						52,436
Total liabilities and retained earnings	$	652,468					$	650,170

Net interest and dividend income			$	5,032					$	5,121
Interest rate spread						3.03%						3.10%
Net interest-earning assets	$	138,449					$	133,739
Net interest margin ⁽⁴⁾						3.33%						3.41%
Average interest-earning assets to
average interest-bearing liabilities		129.62%						128.19%

⁽¹⁾ Includes passbook savings, money market passbook and club accounts.

⁽²⁾ Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts.

⁽³⁾ Includes certificates of deposits and individual retirement accounts.

⁽⁴⁾ Calculated as annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

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	For the Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020						2019
	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Yield/Cost (Annualized)		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Yield/Cost (Annualized)
	(Dollars In Thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-earning deposits	$	22,736	$	155		1.36%	$	34,502	$	359		2.08%
Loans receivable, net		527,234		12,621		4.77%		511,187		12,353		4.85%
Securities
Taxable		46,244		523		2.26%		56,920		675		2.38%
FHLB of NY stock		2,059		71		6.91%		2,084		82		7.93%
Total interest-earning assets		598,273		13,370		4.46%		604,693		13,469		4.47%
Noninterest-earning assets		46,882						42,332
Total assets	$	645,155					$	647,025

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings accounts (1)	$	70,267	$	220		0.62%	$	76,766	$	251		0.66%
NOW accounts (2)		235,794		1,417		1.20%		236,522		1,590		1.35%
Time deposits (3)		125,990		1,208		1.91%		127,148		1,105		1.74%
Total interest-bearing deposits		432,051		2,845		1.31%		440,436		2,946		1.34%
Borrowings		32,572		365		2.24%		33,758		370		2.20%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		464,623		3,210		1.38%		474,194		3,316		1.40%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities		124,985						119,861
Total liabilities		589,608						594,055
Retained earnings		55,547						52,970
Total liabilities and retained earnings	$	645,155					$	647,025

Net interest and dividend income			$	10,160					$	10,153
Interest rate spread						3.08%						3.07%
Net interest-earning assets	$	133,650					$	130,499
Net interest margin (4)						3.39%						3.37%
Average interest-earning assets to
average interest-bearing liabilities		128.77%						127.52%

(1) Includes passbook savings, money market passbook and club accounts.

(2) Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts.

(3) Includes certificates of deposits and individual retirement accounts.

(4) Calculated as annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Net Income. Net income decreased $462,000, or 60.2%, to $305,000 during the three month period ended March 31, 2020 compared with net income of $767,000 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 due to lower net interest and dividend income, higher provisions for loan loss, lower non-interest income and higher non-interest expenses.

Net Interest and Dividend Income. Net interest and dividend income decreased $89,000, or 1.7%, to $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

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The Company’s net interest margin decreased by eight basis points to 3.33% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 compared to 3.41% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. The yield on interest-earning assets decreased 17 basis points to 4.37% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 4.54% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 due to lower market interest rates, partially offset by higher balances of loans receivable, between the two periods. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 10 basis points to 1.34% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 1.44% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 due to lower market interest rates and lower average balances of interest-bearing liabilities.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income decreased $210,000, or 3.1%, to $6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was attributable to a 17 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets to 4.37% as well as $2.4 million decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets compared with the prior year period.

Interest earned on loans was unchanged at $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with the same period prior year. An $18.7 million increase in the average balance of loans receivable was offset by a 23 basis point decrease in the yield on loans receivable to 4.69% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 4.92% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Lower market interest rates accounted for the decline in yields between periods.

Interest earned on investment securities, including interest earning deposits and excluding FHLB stock, decreased $205,000, or 37.5%, to $341,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2020 from $546,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was due to a $21.0 million, or 22.6%, decrease in the average balance of such securities and deposits to $71.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from $92.7 million at March 31, 2019. The average yield on investment securities and interest earning deposits decreased 48 basis points to 1.91% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 2.39% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease in yield on interest earning deposits primarily reflected the lower interest rates paid on reserves by the Federal Reserve Bank between the comparable periods.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $121,000, or 7.2%, to $1.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $1.7 million the three months ended March 31, 2019. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities decreased $7.1 million, or 1.5%, to $467.4 between the two periods, while the cost of such liabilities decreased 10 basis points to 1.34% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with 1.44% the prior year period.

The average balance of interest bearing deposits decreased $4.8 million, or 1.1%, to $436.7 million at March 31, 2020 from $441.5 million at March 31, 2019, while the average cost of such deposits decreased 11 basis points to 1.28% from 1.39% between the two periods. As a result, interest paid on interest-bearing deposits decreased $110,000 to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 20 compared with $1.5 million the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Interest paid on advances decreased $11,000 to $169,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from $180,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019, while the average balance of such borrowings decreased $2.3 million to $36.7 million from $32.9 million. In addition, the average cost of advances decreased 1 basis point to 2.21% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 2.22% for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Provision for Loan Losses. We establish provisions for loan losses, which are charged to earnings, at a level necessary to absorb known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at the date of the financial statements. In evaluating the level of the allowance for loan losses, management considers historical loss experience, the types of loans and the amount of loans in the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, peer group information and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available or as future events occur.

After an evaluation of these factors, management recorded a provision of $420,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to a provision of $106,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The Company increased its factor for likelihood of recession due to the economic impact of COVID-19, which resulted in a higher estimate of it allowance for loan loss.

There were no charge-offs during the three months ended March 31, 2020, while there were $4,000 in recoveries from non-performing loans previously charged-off. There were also no charge-offs during the three months ended March 31, 2019, while recoveries totaled $90,000.

Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Management reviews the level of the allowance on a quarterly basis, and establishes the provision for loan losses based on the factors set forth in the preceding paragraph. As management evaluates the allowance for loan losses, the increased risk associated with larger non-homogenous construction, commercial real estate and commercial business loans may result in larger additions to the allowance for loan losses in future periods.

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Other Income. Non-interest income decreased $191,000, or 33.8%, to $374,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $565,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was attributable to lower service charge income and lower gains from the sales of SBA loans. Service charge income decreased $83,000 to $196,000 from the prior year period due to lower loan and deposit fees. The Company did not record any gains from sales of SBA loans, compared with $151,000 for the prior year period. Partially offsetting the decreases were higher gains from the sale of investment securities, which increased $36,000 to $68,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $32,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Other Expenses. Non-interest expenses increased $71,000, or 1.6%, to $4.6 million from the three months ended March 31, 2019. Professional fees increased $152,000 to $430,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from the prior year period from higher legal expenses incurred for the collection of non-performing loans. Compensation and benefit expense increased $67,000, or 2.7%, from the prior year period due to the addition of a new Bank Secrecy Act Officer as well as annual merit increases for employees. Partially offsetting these increases was a $184,000 decline in OREO expenses to $30,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from $214,000 for the prior year period due to lower valuation allowances and sales of properties between the two periods.

Income Tax Expense. The Company recorded tax expense of $121,000 on pre-tax income of $426,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to $324,000 on pre-tax income of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was due to a $665,000 decrease in the Company’s results from operations. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was 28.4% compared with 29.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Net Income. Net income decreased $594,000, or 40.9%, to $858,000 during the six month period ended March 31, 2020 compared with $1.5 million for the six month period ended March 31, 2019 due to higher provisions for loan loss, lower non-interest income and higher non-interest expense.

Net Interest and Dividend Income. The Company’s net interest and dividend income was unchanged at $10.2 million for the six months period ended March 31, 2020, compared with for the six months ended March 31, 2019. A 2 basis point increase in the Company’s net interest margin 3.39% was offset by a $6.4 million decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income decreased $99,000, or 0.7%, to $13.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $13.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was attributable to a 1 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets to 4.46% as well as $6.4 million decrease in the average balance of interest-earning assets compared with the prior year period.

Interest earned on loans increased $267,000, or 2.2%, to $12.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $12.3 million for the same period prior year. A $16.0 million increase in the average balance of loans receivable more than offset an 8 basis point decrease in the yield on loans receivable to 4.77% for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from 4.85% for the six months ended March 31, 2019. Lower market interest rates accounted for the decline in yields between periods.

Interest earned on investment securities, including interest earning deposits and excluding FHLB stock, decreased $355,000, or 34.3%, to $679,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $1.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was due to a $22.0 million, or 24.5%, decrease in the average balance of such securities and deposits to $69.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $91.4 million at March 31, 2019. The average yield on investment securities and interest earning deposits decreased 31 basis points to 1.96% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 2.27% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease in yield on interest earning deposits primarily reflected the lower interest rates paid on reserves by the Federal Reserve Bank between the comparable periods.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $106,000, or 3.2%, to $3.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $3.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities decreased $9.6 million, or 2.0%, to $464.6 million from $474.2 million between the two periods, while the cost on such liabilities decreased 2 basis points to 1.38% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared with 1.40% the prior year period.

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The average balance of interest bearing deposits decreased $8.4 million, or 1.9%, to $432.0 million at March 31, 2020 from $440.4 million at March 31, 2019, while the average cost of such deposits decreased 3 basis points to 1.31% from 1.34% between the two periods. As a result, interest paid on deposits decreased $101,000 to $2.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared with $2.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019.

Interest paid on advances decreased $5,000 to $365,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $370,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2019. A $1.2 million decrease in the average balance of such borrowings to $32.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $33.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 more than offset a 4 basis point increase in the average cost of advances to 2.24% between periods.

After an evaluation of these factors, management recorded a provision of $631,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $307,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The Company increased its factor for likelihood of recession due to the economic impact of COVID-19, which resulted in a higher estimate of it allowance for loan loss. Partially offsetting this increase were lower reserves for the construction loan segment of the Company’s portfolio, which declined $6.1 million, or 21.5%, from completed projects during the six months ended March 31, 2020.

Net recoveries were $6,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to net recoveries of $93,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2019. There were no loan charge-offs during the six months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019.

Other Income. Non-interest income decreased $213,000, or 21.5%, to $778,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the prior year period. The decrease was attributable to lower gains from the sale of loans and lower service charges.

The Company recorded gains totaling $26,000 from the sale of guaranteed portions of SBA loans and $68,000 from the sale of investment securities during the six months ended March 31, 2020, compared with $151,000 in loan gains and $32,000 from the sale of investment securities for the prior year period. In addition, service charges decreased $138,000, or 23.0% to $462,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 due to lower loan and deposit fees.

Other Expenses. Non-interest expenses increased $309,000, or 3.5%, to $9.1 million during the six months ended March 31, 2020 from the six months ended March 31, 2019.

Compensation and benefit expense increased $212,000, or 4.3%, from the prior year period due the addition of compliance positions as well as annual merit increases for employees. In addition, professional fees increased $209,000 to $778,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $569,000 for the prior year period due to higher legal expenses resulting from collection efforts of non-performing loans. Offsetting these increases were decreases in OREO expenses, which declined $128,000 to $133,000, reflecting lower valuation allowances and sales of properties between the two periods.

Income Tax Expense. The Company recorded tax expense of $359,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2020, compared with $604,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The lower income tax resulted from a $839,000 decrease in the Company’s results from operations. The Company’s effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2020 was 29.5% compared with 29.4% for the six months ended March 31, 2019.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

The Company’s liquidity is a measure of its ability to fund loans, pay withdrawals of deposits, and other cash outflows in an efficient, cost-effective manner. The Company’s short-term sources of liquidity include maturity, repayment and sales of assets, excess cash and cash equivalents, new deposits, other borrowings, and new advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank. There has been no material adverse change during the six months ended March 31, 2020 in the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to fund their operations.

Whether through significant deposit withdrawals, reductions in interest and principal payments on loans, or the tightening of the capital markets, it is possible that the COVID-19 pandemic will have a negative effect on the liquidity and capital resources of the Company. On April 9, 2020 the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve (“the Board”) announced the Paycheck Protection Program Lending Facility (“PPPLF”), authorized under section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act, to facilitate lending by eligible financial institutions to small businesses under the Paycheck Protection Program of the CARES Act. Under the PPPLF, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York provides advances to Magyar Bank on a non-recourse basis, taking PPP loans as collateral. The Company believes the PPPLF will replace a substantial amount, if not all, of the Bank’s liquidity used to fund PPP loans.

At March 31, 2020, the Company had commitments outstanding under letters of credit of $967,000, commitments to originate loans of $18.8 million, and commitments to fund undisbursed balances of closed loans and unused lines of credit of $51.9 million. There has been no material change during the six months ended March 31, 2020 in any of the Company’s other contractual obligations or commitments to make future payments.

Capital Requirements

At March 31, 2020, the Bank’s Tier 1 capital as a percentage of the Bank's total assets was 8.95%, and total qualifying capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets was 12.83%.

Under section 1102 of the CARES Act, a PPP loan is assigned a risk weight of zero percent under the risk-based capital rules of the federal banking agencies. On April 9, 2020, the Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued an interim final rule to allow banking organizations to neutralize the effect of PPP loans financed under the PPPLF on Tier 1 leverage capital ratios. The Company believes the PPPLF will allow the Bank to neutralize a substantial amount, if not all, of the balance sheet growth impact on the calculation of the Bank’s Tier 1 leverage capital ratio.

Item 3- Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 4 – Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal proceedings

None.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

a.)

Not applicable.

b.)

Not applicable.

c.)

The Company repurchased 10,000 shares at an average price of $9.03 during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Through March 31, 2020, the Company had repurchased 91,000 shares at an average price of $8.41 pursuant to the Company’s stock repurchase plan, which has reduced outstanding shares to 5,810,746.

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.

Other Information

a.)

Not applicable.

b.)

None.

Item 6.

Exhibits

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101

Interactive data file containing the following financial statements formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019; and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	MAGYAR BANCORP, INC.
	(Registrant)




Date: May 14, 2020	/s/ John S. Fitzgerald
	John S. Fitzgerald
	President and Chief Executive Officer



Date: May 14, 2020	/s/ Jon R. Ansari
	Jon R. Ansari
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer