Manitex International, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-32401

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Michigan		42-1628978
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

9725 Industrial Drive, Bridgeview, Illinois		60455
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(708) 430-7500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, no par, outstanding at May 2, 2018 was 16,668,986

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

GENERAL

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by Manitex International, Inc. speaks as of March 31, 2018 unless specifically noted otherwise. Unless otherwise indicated, Manitex International, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, is hereinafter referred to as “Manitex,” the “Registrant,” “us,” “we,” “our” or the “Company.”

Forward-Looking Information

Certain information in this Quarter Report includes forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995). These statements relate to, among other things, the Company’s expectations, beliefs, intentions, future strategies, future events or future financial performance, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In addition, when included in this Quarterly Report or in documents incorporated herein by reference the words “may,” “expects,” “should,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “projects,” “estimates” and the negatives thereof and analogous or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. However, the absence of these words does not mean that the statement is not forward-looking. We have based these forward-looking statements on current expectations and projections about future events. These statements are not guarantees of future performance. Such statements are inherently subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, include, without limitation, those described below and in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors”:

•	a future substantial deterioration in economic conditions, especially in the United States and Europe;

•	government spending, fluctuations in the construction industry, and capital expenditures in the oil and gas industry;

•	our level of indebtedness and our ability to meet financial covenants required by our debt agreements;

•	our ability to negotiate extensions of our credit agreements and to obtain additional debt or equity financing when needed;

•	the cyclical nature of the markets we operate in;

•	the impact that the restatement of our previously issued financial statements could have on our business reputation and relations with our customers and suppliers;

•	increase in interest rates;

•	our increasingly international operations expose us to additional risks and challenges associated with conducting business internationally;

•	our customers’ diminished liquidity and credit availability;

•	the performance of our competitors;

•	shortages in supplies and raw materials or the increase in costs of materials;

•	potential losses under residual value guarantees;

•	product liability claims, intellectual property claims, and other liabilities;

•	the volatility of our stock price;

•	future sales of our common stock;

•	the willingness of our stockholders and directors to approve mergers, acquisitions, and other business transactions;

•	currency transaction (foreign exchange) risks and the risk related to forward currency contracts;

•	compliance with changing laws and regulations;

•	a substantial portion of our revenues are attributed to limited number of customers which may decrease or cease purchasing any time;

•	impairment in the carrying value of goodwill could negatively affect our operating results;

•	difficulties in implementing new systems, integrating acquired businesses, managing anticipated growth, and responding to technological change;

•	a disruption or breach in our information technology systems;

•	certain provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act and the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, Amended and Restated Bylaws, and the Company’s Preferred Stock Purchase Rights may discourage or prevent a change in control of the Company;

•	Potential negative effects related to the SEC inquiry into our Company;

•	Potential risk of being delisted if we are unable to file our Annual Reports and Quarterly Reports in a timely manner; and

•	other factors.

The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may vary significantly from what we projected. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update this forward-looking information, except as required under applicable law.

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

FORM 10-Q INDEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I:	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited)		4

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	7

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

ITEM 2: Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations		31

ITEM 3: Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		37

ITEM 4: Controls And Procedures		38

PART II:	OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1: legal proceedings		39

ITEM 1A: Risk Factors		39

ITEM 2: Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities And Use Of Proceeds		39

ITEM 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities		39

ITEM 4: Mine Safety Disclosures		39

ITEM 5: Other Information		39

ITEM 6: Exhibits		40

PART 1—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1—Financial Statements

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	March 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
	Unaudited			Unaudited
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash	$	2,177		$	5,014
Cash - restricted		325			352
Marketable equity securities		7,841			—
Trade receivables (net)		49,645			46,633
Other receivables		3,462			1,946
Inventory (net)		64,168			54,360
Prepaid expense and other		2,743			2,017
Total current assets		130,361			110,322
Total fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation of $13,624 and $12,921 for March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		21,898			22,038
Intangible assets (net)		30,847			31,014
Goodwill		44,359			43,569
Equity investment in ASV Holdings, Inc.		—			14,931
Other long-term assets		1,473			1,475
Deferred tax asset		1,839			1,839
Total assets	$	230,777		$	225,188
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities
Notes payable	$	25,877		$	29,131
Current portion of capital lease obligations		388			378
Accounts payable		45,875			35,386
Accounts payable related parties		92			1,331
Accrued expenses		9,842			10,070
Customer deposits		2,622			2,242
Other current liabilities		259			890
Total current liabilities		84,955			79,428
Long-term liabilities
Revolving term credit facilities		12,480			12,893
Notes payable (net)		28,042			26,656
Capital lease obligations, (net of current portion)		5,382			5,483
Convertible note related party (net)		7,043			7,005
Convertible note (net)		14,365			14,310
Deferred gain on sale of property		937			969
Deferred tax liability		3,381			3,384
Other long-term liabilities		4,120			4,215
Total long-term liabilities		75,750			74,915
Total liabilities		160,705			154,343
Commitments and contingencies
Equity
Preferred Stock—Authorized 150,000 shares, no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017		—			—
Common Stock—no par value 25,000,000 shares authorized, 16,668,986 and 16,617,932 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		98,081			97,661
Paid in capital		2,458			2,802
Retained deficit		(30,068	)		(28,583	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(399	)		(1,035	)
Equity attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.		70,072			70,845
Total equity		70,072			70,845
Total liabilities and equity	$	230,777		$	225,188

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except for share and per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	Unaudited			Unaudited
Net revenues	$	56,675		$	40,119
Cost of sales		45,575			32,727
Gross profit		11,100			7,392
Operating expenses
Research and development costs		652			687
Selling, general and administrative expenses		9,986			8,941
Total operating expenses		10,638			9,628
Operating income (loss)		462			(2,236	)
Other (expense) income
Interest expense:
Interest expense		(1,553	)		(1,208	)
Change in fair value of securities held		187			—
Foreign currency transaction loss		(119	)		(83	)
Other (loss) income		(354	)		273
Total other expense		(1,839	)		(1,018	)
Income (loss) before income taxes and income (loss) in equity interest from continuing operations		(1,377	)		(3,254	)
Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations		(301	)		171
Loss on equity investments (including loss on sale of shares)		(409	)		—
Net loss from continuing operations		(1,485	)		(3,425	)
Discontinued operations
Loss from operations of discontinued operations		—			232
Income tax benefit		—			(19	)
Loss from discontinued operations		—			251
Net loss		(1,485	)		(3,174	)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest from discontinued operations		—			(114	)
Net loss attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(1,485	)	$	(3,288	)
Earnings (loss) Per Share
Basic
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.21	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	—		$	0.01
Net earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.20	)
Diluted
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.21	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	—		$	0.01
Net earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.20	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		16,666,937			16,559,343
Diluted		16,666,937			16,559,343

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	Unaudited			Unaudited
Net loss:	$	(1,485	)	$	(3,174	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		636			343
Total other comprehensive income		636			343
Comprehensive loss		(849	)		(2,831	)
Comprehensive (income) attributed to noncontrolling interest		—			(114	)
Total comprehensive loss attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(849	)	$	(2,945	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	Unaudited			Unaudited
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(1,485	)	$	(3,174	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used for operating activities:				.
Depreciation and amortization		1,293			1,523
Loss on sale of partial interest in equity investment		87			—
Changes in allowances for doubtful accounts		15			1
Changes in inventory reserves		(148	)		(122	)
Revaluation of contingent acquisition liability		345			(346	)
Deferred income taxes		(70	)		147
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs		80			107
Amortization of debt discount		123			127
Change in value of interest rate swaps		(1	)		(401	)
Loss from equity investments		204			—
Change in value of securities held		(187	)		—
Share-based compensation		123			229
Stock issued to consultant		23			—
Adjustment to deferred gain on sales and lease back		(12	)		132
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets		(3	)		80
Reserves for uncertain tax provisions		22			17
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable		(3,792	)		(2,450	)
(Increase) decrease in inventory		(9,098	)		1,432
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses		(722	)		168
(Increase) decrease in other assets		25			(22	)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable		8,608			(3,114	)
Increase (decrease) in accrued expense		(67	)		(637	)
Increase (decrease) in other current liabilities		(323	)		557
Increase (decrease) in other long-term liabilities		(526	)		(478	)
Discontinued operations - cash provided by (used for) operating activities		—			963
Net cash used for operating activities		(5,486	)		(5,261	)

Cash flows from investing activities:

Proceeds from the sale of partial interest in equity investment		7,000			—
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets		3			—
Purchase of property and equipment		(85	)		(253	)
Investment in intangibles other than goodwill		(27	)		(39	)
Discontinued operations - cash (used for) provided by investing activities		—			(38	)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities		6,891			(330	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowing on revolving term credit facility		35,600			27,000
Payments on revolving term credit facility		(36,013	)		(25,680	)
Net (repayment) borrowings on working capital facilities (See Note 11)		(3,120	)		2,812
New borrowings—other		74			749
Debt issuance costs incurred		(50	)		(50	)
Note payments		(525	)		(580	)
Shares repurchased for income tax withholding on share-based compensation		(84	)		(128	)
Proceeds from stock offering		—			2,426
Payments on capital lease obligations		(90	)		(145	)
Discontinued operations - cash (used for) provided by financing activities		—			(2,185	)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities		(4,208	)		4,219
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(2,803	)		(1,372	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(61	)		37
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year		5,366			5,314
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	2,502		$	3,979

See Note 1 for supplemental cash flow disclosures

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

1. Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2018 and the related Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 and Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 have been prepared without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the interim periods. Interim results may not be indicative of results to be realized for the entire year. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, together with management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2017 was derived from our audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Certain amounts for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. All references in this report to financial results of periods ending prior to the first quarter of 2018 reflect such results as restated pursuant to the previously announced restatement of such periods.

The Company is a leading provider of engineered lifting solutions and operates as a single business segment. Operating activities are conducted through the following wholly-owned subsidiaries: Manitex, Inc. (“Manitex”), Badger Equipment Company (“Badger”), PM Group S.pA. and Subsidiaries (“PM Group”), Manitex Valla S.r.l. (“Valla”), Sabre Manufacturing, LLC (“Sabre”), Crane and Machinery, Inc. (“C&M”), and Crane and Machinery Leasing, Inc. (“C&M Leasing”).

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Manitex International, Inc. and subsidiaries in which it has a greater than 50% voting interest (collectively, the “Company”). All significant intercompany accounts, profits and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Consolidated Variable Interest Entity

Even though it has no ownership interest in SVW Crane & Equipment Company (together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Rental Consulting Service Company, “SVW”), the Company had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact SVW’s economic performance. Additionally, the Company was the primary beneficiary of the SVW relationship. SVW obtained third party financing, which was effectively guaranteed by the Company, on specific cranes the Company manufactured and remitted the loan proceeds to the Company. Other than its business transactions described herein, SVW had no other substantial business operations. The Company determined that SVW was a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) that under current accounting guidance needed to consolidate in the Company’s financial results. By December 31, 2017, SVW ceased operations and is not a consolidated VIE after December 31, 2017.

Non-Cash Transactions

Non-cash transactions for the periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2018

2017

Proportional share of increase in equity investments' paid in capital

—

Discontinued Operations

ASV Segment

ASV is located in Grand Rapids, Minnesota and manufactures a line of high quality compact track and skid steer loaders. The products are used in site clearing, general construction, forestry, golf course maintenance and landscaping industries, with general construction being the largest.

Prior to the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company owned a 51% interest in ASV Holdings, Inc., which was formerly known as A.S.V., LLC (“ASV”). On May 11, 2017, in anticipation of an initial public offering, ASV converted from an LLC to a C-Corporation and the Company’s 51% interest was converted to 4,080,000 common shares of ASV. On May 17, 2017, in connection within its initial public offering, ASV sold 1,800,000 of its own shares and the Company sold 2,000,000 shares of ASV common stock and reduced its investment in ASV to 21.2% interest. ASV was deconsolidated during the quarter ended June 30, 2017 and was recorded as an equity investment starting with the quarter ended June 30, 2017. Periods ending before June 30, 2017 reflect ASV as a discontinued operation. In February 2018, the Company sold an additional 1,000,000 shares of ASV that it held which reduced the Company’s investment in ASV to approximately 11.0%. The Company ceased accounting for its investment in ASV under the equity method and now accounts for its investment as a marketable equity security. See Notes 8 and 18 for additional discussion related to the accounting treatment of the investment in ASV after the sale of the additional shares.

Change in Reporting Segments

Prior to the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company reported its operations in three segments: the Lifting Equipment segment, the ASV segment and the Equipment Distribution segment. Since 2015, the Company has sought to redefine itself strategically and operationally, including through a series of divestitures. The most recent such divestiture occurred in May 2017, with the sale of a portion of the Company’s investment in ASV Holdings. As a result of this sale, the Company has deconsolidated ASV Holdings from its financial reporting, and ASV is no longer a reporting segment.

The previously reported Equipment Distribution operations were comprised of C&M and C&M Leasing. C&M was acquired by the Company in 2008 and at that time operated primarily as a distributor of Terex Corporation (“Terex”) rough terrain and truck cranes. Subsequent to 2008, C&M added a used equipment business, which involved buying both lifting and non-lifting construction equipment and then refurbishing and remarketing that equipment. Recently, the C&M operations evolved and the used equipment sales operations were discontinued.

C&M remains a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes; however C&M’s primary business is the distribution of products manufactured by the Company. C&M Leasing’s primary business is the facilitation of sales of products manufactured by the Company through its rent to own program. As C&M and C&M Leasing’s primary business is the facilitation of Company manufactured product sales, discrete financial information is not available. Further, the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews C&M and C&M Leasing operations only to determine their impact on the entire Company. As such, the operations of C&M and C&M Leasing no longer constitute a separate reporting segment.

2. Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Pronouncements

Principles of Consolidation

The Company consolidates all entities that we control by ownership of a majority voting interest. Additionally, there are situations in which consolidation is required even though the usual condition of consolidation (ownership of a majority voting interest) does not apply. Generally, this occurs when an entity holds an interest in another business enterprise that was achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests, which results in a disproportionate relationship between such entity's voting interests in, and its exposure to the economic risks and potential rewards of, the other business enterprise. This disproportionate relationship results in what is known as a variable interest, and the entity in which we have this interest is referred to as a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”). An enterprise must consolidate a VIE if it is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary has both (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

Although the Company does not have an ownership interest in S.V.W. Crane & Equipment Company and its wholly owned subsidiary Rental Consulting Services Corporation (collectively “SVW”), the Company had the power to direct the activities of SVW that most significantly impact its economic performance and absorbed the losses. As such, the Company determined that SVW was a VIE that required consolidation. SVW obtained financing and remitted the proceeds to the Company using inventory (cranes) owned by the Company as collateral. The finance companies that hold the loans have a perfected security interest in the inventory and therefore have recourse against this specific inventory. Furthermore, the debt taken on by SVW was effectively guaranteed by the Company pursuant to certain related agreements. By December 31, 2017, SVW ceased operations and is not a consolidated VIE after December 31, 2017.

The Company eliminates from the Company’s financial results all significant intercompany transactions, including the intercompany transactions with consolidated VIEs.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are stated at the amounts the Company’s customers are invoiced and do not bear interest. Accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in the future. The Company’s estimate for the allowance for doubtful accounts related to trade receivables includes evaluation of specific accounts where the Company has information that the customer may have an inability to meet its financial obligations. The Company had allowances for doubtful accounts of $42 and $82 at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Guarantees

The Company has issued partial residual guarantees to financial institutions related to a customer financing of equipment purchased by the customer. The Company must assess the probability of losses if the fair market value is less than the guaranteed residual value.

The Company has issued partially residual guarantees that have maximum exposure of approximately $1.6 million. The Company, however, does not have any reason to believe that any exposure from such a guarantee is either probable or estimable at this time, as such, no liability has been recorded. The Company’s ability to recover any losses incurred under the guarantees may be affected by economic conditions in used equipment markets at the time of loss.

The Company records a liability for the estimated fair value of guarantees issued pursuant to ASC 460. The Company recognizes a loss under a guarantee when its obligation to make payment under the guarantee is probable and the amount of the loss can be estimated. A loss would be recognized if the Company’s payment obligation under the guarantee exceeds the value it can expect to recover to offset such payment, primarily through the sale of the equipment underlying the guarantee.

Inventory, net

Inventory consists of stock materials and equipment stated at the lower of cost (first in, first out) or net realizable value. All equipment classified as inventory is available for sale. The Company records excess and obsolete inventory reserves. The estimated reserve is based upon specific identification of excess or obsolete inventories. Selling, general and administrative expenses are expensed as incurred and are not capitalized as a component of inventory.

Accrued Warranties

Warranty costs are accrued at the time revenue is recognized. The Company’s products are typically sold with a warranty covering defects that arise during a fixed period of time. The specific warranty offered is a function of customer expectations and competitive forces. The Equipment Distribution does not accrue for warranty costs at the time of sales, as they are reimbursed by the manufacturers for any warranty that they provide to their customers.

A liability for estimated warranty claims is accrued at the time of sale. The liability is established using historical warranty claim experience. Historical warranty experience is, however, reviewed by management. The current provision may be adjusted to take into account unusual or non-recurring events in the past or anticipated changes in future warranty claims. Adjustments to the initial warranty accrual are recorded if actual claim experience indicates that adjustments are necessary. Warranty reserves are reviewed to ensure critical assumptions are updated for known events that may impact the potential warranty liability.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

The Company enters into derivative instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate risk related to certain foreign term loans. Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value at the date the contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in current earnings immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which case the effective portion of the gain or loss is recognized and is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedging instrument affects earnings (date of sale). The Company’s interest rate swap contracts are held by the PM Group and are intended to manage the exposure to interest rate risk related to certain term loans that PM Group has with certain financial institutions in Italy. These contracts have been determined not to be hedge instruments under ASC 815-10.

Litigation Claims

In determining whether liabilities should be recorded for pending litigation claims, the Company must assess the allegations and the likelihood that it will successfully defend itself. When the Company believes it is probable that it will not prevail in a particular matter, it will then make an estimate of the amount of liability based, in part, on the advice of legal counsel.

Income Taxes

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of U.S. and foreign taxes in amounts necessary to align the Company’s year-to-date tax provision with the effective rate that the Company expects to achieve for the full year. Each quarter the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate and records cumulative adjustments as necessary. The effective tax rate is based upon the Company’s anticipated earnings both in the U.S. and in foreign jurisdictions.

Comprehensive Income

Reporting “Comprehensive Income” requires reporting and displaying comprehensive income and its components. Comprehensive income includes, in addition to net earnings, other items that are reported as direct adjustments to stockholder’s equity. Currently, the comprehensive income adjustment required for the Company consists of a foreign currency translation adjustment, which is the result of consolidating its foreign subsidiaries.

Accounting for Equity Investments

Beginning with the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company accounted for its 21.2% investment in ASV under the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the Company’s share of the net income (loss) of ASV is recognized as income (loss) in the Company’s statement of operations and added to the investment account, and dividends received from ASV are treated as a reduction of the investment account. ASV’s earnings are recorded on a one quarter lag as ASV may not report earnings in time to be included in the Company’s financial statements for any given reporting period.

On May 17, 2017 (the date ASV became an equity investment), the Company’s investment in ASV Holdings exceeded the proportional share of ASV Holdings’ net assets. Under current applicable guidance, assets and liabilities of the investee (ASV Holdings) are valued at fair market value on the date of the investment. The Company investment, however, is not adjusted for the difference between the Company’s proportional share of the net assets and the fair value of the assets that existed on the date that the investment was made. The differences are accounted for on a memo basis. The differences can be either of temporary nature or permanent differences. Adjustment to inventory and identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are temporary differences. Fair market adjustments to land and goodwill are examples of permanent differences. Differences related to temporary items are amortized over their lives. Earnings recognized are the proportional share of investee’s income for the period adjusted for reversal of any timing differences or additional amortization related to the memo fair market adjustments of identifiable intangible assets that have finite lives.

Between February 26 and 28, 2018, the Company sold 1,000,000 shares of ASV stock reducing the Company’s investment to approximately 11.0%. See Notes 8 and 18. During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company:

•

Recognized its proportional share of ASV loss for the three months ended December 31, 2017,

•

Recorded a loss on the sale of shares,

•

Ceased accounting for ASV as an equity investment, and

•

Valued its remaining investment in ASV at its current market value.

Accounting for Marketable Equity Securities

Marketable equity securities are valued at fair market value based on the closing price of the stock on the date of the balance sheet. Gains and loss related fair value adjustments related to marketable equity securities are recorded into income each reporting period.

Shipping and Handling

The Company records the amount of shipping and handling costs billed to customers as revenue. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment costs and are in included in cost of sales.

Reclassification

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period presentation.

Recently Issued Pronouncements – Not Yet Adopted

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” (“ASU 2016-02”), which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Consistent with current U.S. GAAP, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The update is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is early in the process of evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements. The Company disclosed in its 2017 10-K that the Company had future operating lease commitments of approximately $5,000. This is an indication of the potential magnitude that adoption of this standard will have on the Company’s financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, if any. The loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment. The effective date will be the first quarter of fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted in 2017. The Company is evaluating the impact that adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” (“ASU 2018-2”). ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from H.R. 1 “An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018” (formerly known as “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”). The effective date will be the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. The Company is evaluating the impact that adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, "Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." The amendments in ASU 2016-01, among other things, require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables); and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. The effective date is the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the operating results when adopted.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. This new revenue recognition model provides a five-step analysis in determining when and how revenue is recognized. The new model requires revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration a company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Deferral of the Effective Date”, which amends ASU 2014-09. As a result, the effective date is the first quarter of 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis. Adoption of the new standard has had no material impact on our consolidated balance sheet, cash flows statements or net income.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” (“ASU 2016-08”). ASU 2016-08 further clarifies principal and agent relationships within ASU 2014-09. Similar to ASU 2014-09, the effective date is the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 with early adoption permitted in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis. Adoption of the new standard has had no material impact on our consolidated balance sheet, cash flows statements or net income.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing” (“ASU 2016-10”). The amendments in ASU 2016-10 are expected to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the guidance on identifying promised goods or services in contracts with customers and to improve the operability and understandability of licensing implementation guidance related to the entity's intellectual property. Similar to ASU 2014-09, the effective date is the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 with early adoption permitted in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the operating results when adopted. The Company’s revenue recognition policy adopted as a result of the New Revenue Standards is presented in Note 3 below.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 reduces the existing diversity in practice in financial reporting by clarifying existing principles in ASC 230, “Statement of Cash Flows,” and provides specific guidance on certain cash flow classification issues. The effective date for ASU 2016-15 will be the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 with early adoption permitted. The Company made an election to use the “Cumulative Earning Approach” to classify distributions received from equity investments. Other than the aforementioned election (which may have a future impact), the adoption of this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018, did not have an impact on the Company’s Statement of Cash Flows.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Intra-Entity Transfer of Assets Other than Inventory,” (“ASU 2016-16”). ASU 2016-16 requires recognition of current and deferred income taxes resulting from an intra-entity transfer of any asset (excluding inventory) when the transfer occurs. This is a change from prior GAAP which prohibits recognition of current and deferred income taxes until the asset is sold to a third party. The effective date for ASU 2016-16 is the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 with early adoption permitted. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the operating results when adopted.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 provides guidance in ascertaining whether a collection of assets and activities is considered a business. The effective date is the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, with prospective application. The Company is evaluating the impact that adoption of this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the operating results when adopted.

Except as noted above, the guidance issued by the FASB during the current year is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract with our customer are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of our equipment, parts or installation services (typically completed within one day), which occurs at a point in time. Equipment can be redirected during the manufacturing phase such that over time revenue recognition is not appropriate. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Our contracts are non-cancellable and returns are only allowed in limited instances through Crane & Machinery, Inc. Sales, value add, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. The expected costs associated with our base warranties continue to be recognized as expense when the products are sold and do not constitute a separate performance obligation.

For instances where equipment and installation services are sold together, the Company accounts for the equipment and installation services separately. The consideration (including any discounts) is allocated between the equipment and installation services based on their stand-alone selling prices. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells the equipment.

In some instances, the Company fulfills its obligations and bills the customer for the work performed but does not ship the goods until a later date. These arrangements are considered bill-and-hold transactions. In order to recognize revenue on the bill-and-hold transactions, the Company ensures the customer has requested the arrangement, the product is identified separately as belonging to the customer, the product is ready for shipment to the customer in its current form, and the Company does not have the ability to direct the product to a different customer. A portion of the transaction price is not allocated to the custodial services due to the immaterial value assigned to that performance obligation.

Payment terms offered to customers are defined in contracts and purchase orders and do not include a significant financing component. At times, the Company may offer discounts which are considered variable mconsideration however, the Company applies the constraint guidance when determining the transaction price to be allocated to the performance obligations.

The Company generates revenue through its principal subsidiaries:

Manitex, Inc. (“Manitex”) markets a comprehensive line of boom trucks, truck cranes and sign cranes. Manitex’s boom trucks and crane products are primarily used for industrial projects, energy exploration and infrastructure development, including, roads, bridges and commercial construction.

Badger Equipment Company (“Badger”) is a manufacturer of specialized rough terrain cranes and material handling products. Badger primarily serves the needs of the construction, municipality and railroad industries.

PM Group S.p.A. (“PM”) is a leading Italian manufacturer of truck mounted hydraulic knuckle boom cranes with a 50-year history of technology and innovation, and a product range spanning more than 50 models. Its largest subsidiary, Oil & Steel (“O&S”), is a manufacturer of truck-mounted aerial platforms with a diverse product line and an international client base.

Manitex Valla S.r.l.’s (“Valla”) product line of industrial cranes is a full range of precision pick and carry cranes using electric, diesel, and hybrid power options. Its cranes offer wheeled or tracked, and fixed or swing boom configurations, with special applications designed specifically to meet the needs of its customers. These products are sold internationally through dealers and into the rental distribution channel.

Sabre Manufacturing, LLC (“Sabre”) manufactures a comprehensive line of specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions with capacities from 8,000 to 21,000 gallons. Its mobile tanks are sold to specialized independent tank rental companies and through the Company’s existing dealer network. The tanks are used in a variety of end markets such as petrochemical, waste management and oil and gas drilling.

Crane and Machinery, Inc. (“C&M”) is a distributor of the Company’s products as well as Terex Corporation’s (“Terex”) rough terrain and truck cranes. Crane and Machinery Leasing, Inc.’s (“C&M Leasing”) rents equipment manufactured by the Company as well limited amount of equipment manufactured by third parties. Although C&M is a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes, C&M’s primary business is the distribution of products manufactured by the Company.

For each of the subsidiaries, various products may be sold separately or together with installation services. Further, equipment sales come with a standard warranty that is not sold separately. Additionally, each of the subsidiaries sell parts to its customers.

The following table disaggregates our revenue by principal subsidiary for the three months ended March 31:

	2018		2017
Equipment sales	$	48,430	$	32,868
Part sales		7,087		5,978
Installation services		1,158		1,273
Total Revenue	$	56,675	$	40,119

The Company attributes revenue to different geographic areas based on where items are shipped or services are performed.

The following table provides detail of revenues by geographic area for the three months ended March 31:

	2018		2017
United States	$	26,473	$	18,372
Canada		7,339		2,417
Italy		5,607		4,941
Other		2,235		1,499
Argentina		4,151		2,107
France		1,954		1,610
Chile		1,922		1,702
Spain		1,204		683
Finland		951		629
United Kingdom		682		1,568
Czech Republic		506		696
Netherlands		460		208
Israel		428		864
Malaysia		370		413
Mexico		280		168
Germany		275		235
Ireland		259		228
Denmark		220		103
South Africa		213		302
Belgium		150		—
Ukraine		148		103
Qatar		127		—
Romania		88		140
Peru		83		—
Indonesia		78		—
Martinique		76		—
Bahrain		62		—
Turkey		58		—
Thailand		56		—
Saudi Arabia		39		135
Russia		35		—
China		21		27
Puerto Rico		10		16
Singapore		1		145
Hong Kong		54		181
United Arab Emirates		12		361
Morocco		38		265
Kuwait		10		1
	$	56,675	$	40,119

Total Company Revenues by Sources

The sources of the Company’s revenues are summarized below for the three months ended March 31:

	2018		2017
Boom trucks, knuckle boom & truck cranes	$	41,550	$	27,940
Rough terrain cranes		1,979		1,469
Mobile tanks		1,484		972
Installation services		1,158		1,273
Other equipment		3,417		2,487
Part sales		7,087		5,978
Total Revenue	$	56,675	$	40,119

Contract Balances

Applying the practical expedient, the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses.

Customer Deposits

At times, the Company may require an upfront deposit related to its contracts. In instances where an upfront deposit has been received by the Company and the revenue recognition criteria have not yet been met, the Company records a contract liability in the form of a customer deposit, which is classified as a short term liability on the balance sheet. That customer deposit is revenue that is deferred until the revenue recognition criteria have been met, at which time, the customer deposit is recognized into revenue.

The following table summarizes changes in customer deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2018:

Customer deposits at January 1, 2018	$	2,242
Revenue recognized from customer deposits		(1,914	)
Additional customer deposits received where revenue has not yet been recognized		2,294
Customer deposits at March 31, 2018	$	2,622

4. Financial Instruments—Forward Currency Exchange Contracts and Interest Rate Swap Contracts

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 by level within the fair value hierarchy. As required by ASC 820-10, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is summary of items that the Company measures at fair value on a recurring basis:

	Fair Value at March 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Asset
Marketable securities	$	7,841	$	—	$	—	$	7,841
Total current assets at fair value	$	7,841	$	—	$	—	$	7,841
Liabilities:
Forward currency exchange contracts	$	—	$	17	$	—	$	17
Residual guarantee		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap contracts		—		5		—		5
PM contingent liabilities		—		—		345		345
Valla contingent consideration		—		—		225		225
Total recurring liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	22	$	570	$	592

	Fair Value at December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Liabilities:
Forward currency exchange contracts	$	—	$	213	$	—	$	213
Residual guarantee		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swap contracts		—		6		—		6
Valla contingent consideration		—		—		220		220
Total liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	219	$	220	$	439

	Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (level 3)
	PM Contingent Consideration		Valla Contingent Consideration		Residual Guarantee		Total
Liabilities:
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	—	$	220	$	—	$	220
Effect of change in exchange rates		—		5		—		5
Change in fair value during the period		345		—		—		345
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	345	$	225	$	—	$	570

Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820-10 classifies the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

Level 1	—	Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2	—	Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

Level 3	—	Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

Fair value of the forward currency contracts are determined on the last day of each reporting period using observable inputs, which are supplied to the Company by the foreign currency trading operation of its bank and are Level 2 items.

5. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company’s risk management objective is to use the most efficient and effective methods available to us to minimize, eliminate, reduce or transfer the risks which are associated with fluctuation of exchange rates between the Euro, Chilean Peso and the U.S. dollar.

Forward Currency Contracts

When the Company receives a significant order in a currency other than the operating unit’s functional currency, management may evaluate different options that are available to mitigate future currency exchange risks. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had no outstanding forward currency contracts that were in place to hedge future sales. Therefore, there are currently no unrealized pre-tax gains or losses which will reclassified from other comprehensive income into earnings during the next 12 months.

In addition, the Company enters into forward currency exchange contracts in relationship such that the exchange gains and losses on the assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the reporting units’ functional currency would be offset by the changes in the market value of the forward currency exchange contracts it holds. PM Group has an intercompany receivable denominated in Euros from its Chilean subsidiary. At March 31, 2018, the Company had entered into a forward currency exchange contract that matures on August 23, 2018. Under the contract the Company is obligated to sell 2,000,000 Chilean pesos for 2,675 euros. The purpose of the forward contract is to mitigate the income effect related to this intercompany receivable that results with a change in exchange rate between the Euro and the Chilean peso.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

A contract was signed by PM Group, for an original notional amount of € 482 (€ 262 at March 31, 2018), maturing on October 1, 2020 with interest paid monthly. PM pays interest at a rate of 3.90% and receives from the counterparties interest at the “Euribor” rate for the period in question if greater than 0.90%.

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had the following forward currency contracts and interest rate swaps:

Nature of Derivative

Currency

Amount

Type

Forward currency sales

contracts

Chilean peso

2,000,000

Not designated as hedge instrument

Interest rate swap contract

Euro

482

Not designated as hedge instrument

The following table provides the location and fair value amounts of derivative instruments that are reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

Total derivatives NOT designated as a hedge instrument

		Fair Value
	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Asset Derivatives
Foreign currency exchange contract	Prepaid expense and other	$	17	$	—

Liabilities Derivatives
Foreign currency exchange contract	Accrued expense	$	—	$	213
Interest rate swap contracts	Notes payable		5		6
Total liabilities		$	5	$	219

The following tables provide the effect of derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:

		Gain (loss)
	Location of gain or (loss) recognized in Statement of Operations	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2018		2017
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedge Instruments
Forward currency contracts	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	$	50	$	(52	)
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense		1		321
		$	51	$	269

The counterparty to each of the currency exchange forward contracts is a major financial institution with credit ratings of investment grade or better and no collateral is required. Management continues to monitor counterparty risk and believes the risk of incurring losses on derivative contracts related to credit risk is unlikely.

6. Inventory, net

The components of inventory are as follows:

	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Raw materials and purchased parts, net	$	42,680	$	35,205
Work in process		5,062		4,513
Finished goods		16,426		14,642
Inventory, net	$	64,168	$	54,360

The Company has established reserves for obsolete and excess inventory of $3,323 and $3,462 as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets and accumulated amortization by category as of March 31, 2018 is as follows:

		Gross					Net
	Useful	Carrying		Accumulated			Carrying
	lives	Amount		Amortization			Amount
Patented and unpatented technology	7-10 years	$	18,687	$	(12,281	)	$	6,406
Customer relationships	10-20 years		24,119		(10,434	)		13,685
Trade names and trademarks	25 years-indefinite		12,893		(2,139	)		10,754
Non-competition agreements	2-5 years		50		(48	)		2
Total intangible assets, net							$	30,847

Intangible assets and accumulated amortization by category as of December 31, 2017 is as follows:

		Gross					Net
	Useful	Carrying		Accumulated			Carrying
	lives	Amount		Amortization			Amount
Patented and unpatented technology	7-10 years	$	18,458	$	(12,011	)	$	6,447
Customer relationships	10-20 years		23,837		(9,907	)		13,930
Trade names and trademarks	25 years-indefinite		12,724		(2,090	)		10,634
Non-competition agreements	2-5 years		50		(47	)		3
Total Intangible assets							$	31,014

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $718 and $940 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Changes in goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are as follows:

	Total
Balance January 1, 2018	$	43,569
Effect of change in exchange rates		790
Balance March 31, 2018	$	44,359

8. Equity Method Investments

ASV Holdings -The Company accounted for its investment in ASV during the period (May 17, 2017 to February 26, 2018) that it owned 21.2% of ASV as an equity investment. Under the equity method, the Company’s share of the net income (loss) of ASV is recognized as income (loss) in the Company’s statement of operations and added to investment account, and dividends received from ASV are treated as a reduction of the investment account. ASV’s earnings are recorded on a one quarter lag as ASV may not report earnings in time to be included in the Company’s financial statements for any given reporting period. During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded its proportional share of ASV’s loss for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 and recorded amortization related temporary differences.

On May 17, 2017, the Company’s investment in ASV exceeded the proportional share of ASV’s net assets by $862. The following table provides details of fair market adjustment made to reconcile this difference and subsequent amortization of the fair market adjustments:

The following tables present ASV summary income statement information:

	For the three months ended
	December 31, (2)
	2017
Net sales	$	30,455
Gross profit		4,146
Net income		(796	)

Net income attributable to the Company (1)		(169	)
Amortization of FMV adjustment		(35	)
Income recognized by the Company	$	(204	)

(1)	Represents 21.22% of ASV’s loss for the quarter ended December 31, 2017.

(2)	The Company's policy is to record our earnings based on a one quarter lag.

Between February 26 and 28, 2018, the Company sold 1,000,000 shares of ASV stock reducing the Company’s investment to approximately 11.0% and ceased accounting for its investment in ASV as an equity method investment. See Note 18, Discontinued Operations and Partial Disposition of the Remaining Equity Investment.

9. Accrued Expenses

	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Accounts payable:
Trade	$	45,403	$	35,386
Bank overdraft		472		—
Total accounts payable	$	45,875	$	35,386


Accrued payroll	$	1,437	$	1,198
Accrued employee benefits		729		1,317
Accrued bonuses		45		180
Accrued vacation		1,403		1,214
Accrued interest		427		414
Accrued commissions		350		560
Accrued expenses—other		1,654		2,045
Accrued warranty		2,119		2,030
Accrued income taxes		255		—
Accrued taxes other than income taxes		1,073		969
Accrued product liability and workers compensation claims		350		143
Total accrued expenses	$	9,842	$	10,070

10. Accrued Warranty

The accrued warranty liability is established using historical warranty claim experience; however, the current provision may be adjusted to take into consideration unusual or non-recurring events in the past or anticipated changes in future warrant claims.

	For the three months ended
	March 31,
	2018			2017
Balance January 1,	$	2,030		$	1,568
Accrual for warranties issued during the period		760			194
Warranty services provided		(808	)		(427	)
Changes in estimate		122			60
Foreign currency translation		15			9
Balance March 31,	$	2,119		$	1,404

11. Credit Facilities and Debt

U.S. Credit Facilities

At March 31, 2018, the Company and its U.S. subsidiaries have a Loan and Security Agreement, as amended, (the “Loan Agreement”) with The CIBC Bank USA (“CIBC”), formally known as “The Private Bank and Trust Company”. The Loan Agreement provides a revolving credit facility with a maturity date of July 20, 2019. The aggregate amount of the facility is $25,000.

The maximum borrowing available to the Company under the Loan Agreement is limited to: (1) 85% of eligible receivables; plus (2) 50% of eligible inventory valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value subject to a $17,500 limit; plus (3) 80% of eligible used equipment, as defined, valued at the lower of cost or market subject to a $2,000 limit. At March 31, 2018, the maximum the Company could borrow based on available collateral was $25,000. At March 31, 2018, the Company had borrowed $12,480 under this facility. The Company’s collateral is subject to a $5,000 reserve until the Fixed Charge Coverage ratio exceeds 1.10 to 1.00. The indebtedness under the Loan Agreement is collateralized by substantially all of the Company’s assets, except for the certain assets of the Company’s subsidiaries.

The Loan Agreement provides that the Company can opt to pay interest on the revolving credit at either a base rate plus a spread, or a LIBOR rate plus a spread. The base rate spread ranges from 0.25% to 1.00% depending on the Senior Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Loan Agreement). The LIBOR spread ranges from 2.25% to 3.00% also depending on the Senior Leverage Ratio. Funds borrowed under the LIBOR option can be borrowed for periods of one, two, or three months and are limited to four LIBOR contracts outstanding at any time.

The underlying reference rate for our base rated borrowings at March 31, 2018 was 5.75%. At March 31, 2018, the Company had four outstanding advances with interest tied to LIBOR. The contracts had an underlying LIBOR rate of 4.81%. In addition, CIBC assesses a 0.50% unused line fee that is payable monthly.

The Loan Agreement subjects the Company and its domestic subsidiaries to a quarterly EBITDA covenant (as defined). The quarterly EBITDA covenant (as defined) are $2,000 for all quarters starting with the quarter ended September 30, 2017 ended through the end of the agreement. Additionally, the Company and its domestic subsidiaries are subject to a Fixed Charge Coverage ratio of 1.05 to 1.00 measured on an annual basis beginning December 31, 2017, followed by a Fixed Charge Coverage ratio of 1.15 to 1.00 measured quarterly starting March 31, 2018 (based on a trailing twelve month basis) through the term of the agreement. The Loan Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict the Company’s ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, grant liens, merge or consolidate, dispose of assets, make investments, make acquisitions, pay dividends or make distributions, repurchase stock, in each case subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size.

The Loan Agreement has a Letter of Credit facility of $3,000, which is fully reserved against availability.

Note Payable—Bank

At March 31, 2018, the Company has a $422 term note payable to a bank. The Company is required to make eleven monthly payments of $35 that began on October 1, 2017 and a $182 payment in January and April 2018. The note dated October 1, 2017 had an original principal amount of $719 and an annual interest rate of 5.26%. Proceeds from the note were used to pay annual premiums for certain insurance policies carried by the Company. The holder of the note has a security interest in the insurance policies it financed and has the right upon default to cancel these policies and receive any unearned premiums.

Note Payable—Winona Facility Purchase

At March 31, 2018, Badger has a balance on note payable to Avis Industrial Corporation of $444. Badger is required to make 60 monthly payments of $10 that began on August 1, 2017. The note dated July 26, 2017, had an original principal amount of $500 and annual interest rate of 8.00%. The note is guaranteed by the Company.

PM Debt Restructuring

On March 6, 2018, PM Group and Oil & Steel S.p.A. (PM Group’s subsidiary) entered into a Debt Restructuring Agreement (the “Restructuring Agreement”) with Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena S.p.A., Banca Nazionale del Lavoro S.p.A., BPER Banca S.p.A., Cassa di Risparmio in Bologna S.p.A. and Unicredit S.p.A. (collectively the “Lenders”), and Loan Agency Services S.r.l. (the “Agent”). The Restructuring Agreement, which replaces the previous debt restructuring agreement with the Lenders entered into in 2014, provides for, among other things:

•

The provision of subordinated shareholders’ loans by the Company to PM Group, consisting of (i) conversion of an existing trade receivable in the amount of €3.1 million into a loan; (ii) an additional subordinated shareholders’ loan in the aggregate maximum amount of up to €2.4 million, to be made currently; and (iii) a further loan of €1.8 million to be made by December 31, 2018, in each case to be used to repay a portion of PM Group’s outstanding obligations to the Lenders;

•

Amendments to the 2014 put and call options agreement with BPER to, among other things, extend the exercise of the options until the approval of PM Group’s financial statements for the 2021 fiscal year and permit the assignment of certain subordinated receivables to the Company. The fair market value of this liability is subject to revaluation on a recurring basis.

•

New amortization and repayment schedules for amounts owed by PM Group to the Lenders under the various outstanding tranches of indebtedness, along with revised interest rates and financial covenants. Under the Debt Restructuring Agreement term debt is repaid over a nine-year period starting in 2018 and ending in 2026 (2022 prior to Debt Restructuring Agreement); and

•

The effect of PM not meeting its December 31, 2017 financial covenants was cured by the Debt Restructuring Agreement.

PM Group Short-Term Working Capital Borrowings

At March 31, 2018, PM Group had established demand credit and overdraft facilities with seven Italian banks and eight banks in South America. Under the facilities, PM Group can borrow up to approximately €29,331 ($36,136) for advances against invoices, and letter of credit and bank overdrafts. These facilities are divided into three types: working capital facilities, cash facilities and guarantee facilities. Interest on the Italian working capital facilities, cash facilities and guarantee facilities is charged at the 3-month Euribor plus 175 or 200 basis points, 3-month Euribor plus 350 basis points, and 150 basis points, respectively. Interest on the South American facilities is charged at a flat rate of points for advances on invoices ranging from 10%-32%.

At March 31, 2018, the Italian banks had advanced PM Group €15,185 ($18,708), at variable interest rates, which currently range from 1.42% to 1.67%. At March 31, 2018, the South American banks had advanced PM Group €3,285 ($4,047). Total short-term borrowings for PM Group were €18,470 ($22,755) at March 31, 2018.

PM Group Term Loans

At March 31, 2018, PM Group has a €10,451 ($12,875) term loan with two Italian banks, BPER and Unicredit. The term loan is split into a note and a balloon payment and is secured by PM Group’s common stock and building. Accrued interest on these borrowings through the date of acquisition at January 15, 2015, totaled €358 ($430) and is payable in semi-annual installments beginning June 2019 and ending December 2019.

The note and balloon payment have an outstanding principal balance of €7,449 ($9,177) and €3,002 ($3,698), respectively. Both are charged interest at a fixed rate of 3.5%, with an effective rate of 3.5% at March 31, 2018. The note is payable in annual installments of principal €958 for 2019, €991 for 2020, €1,026 for 2021, €1,062 for 2022, €1,099 for 2023, €1,137 for 2024, and €1,177 for 2025. The balloon payment is payable in a single payment of €3,002 in 2026.

An adjustment in the purchase accounting to value the non-interest bearing debt at its fair market value was made. At January 15, 2015 it was determined that the fair value of the debt was €1,460 or $1,562 less than the book value. This reduction is not reflected in the above descriptions of PM debt. This discount is being amortized over the life of the debt and being charged to interest expense. As of March 31, 2018, the remaining balance was €471 or $580 and has been offset to the debt.

At March 31, 2018, PM Group has unsecured borrowings with three Italian banks totaling €12,566 ($15,481). Interest on the unsecured notes is charged at a stated and effective rate of 3.5% at March 31, 2018. €450 of the remaining €900 principal due to one bank will be forgiven on December 31, 2018, provided the remaining €450 of principal and any borrowings outstanding under the short-term working capital facilities are repaid by December 31, 2018.

Annual payments of €1,731 are payable beginning in 2019 and ending in 2025.

PM Group is subject to certain financial covenants as defined by the debt restructuring agreement including maintaining (1) Net debt to EBITDA, (2) Net debt to equity, and (3) EBITDA to net financial charges ratios. The covenants are measured on a semi-annual basis beginning on December 31, 2018.

At March 31, 2018, Autogru PM RO, a subsidiary of PM Group, has two notes. The first note is payable in 60 monthly principal installments of €8 ($10), plus interest at the 1-month Euribor plus 300 basis points, effective rate of 3.00% at March 31, 2018, maturing October 2020. At March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance of the note was €262 ($322). The second note is payable in monthly installments of €6 ($7) starting from October 2017 and ending in December 2017, three installments of €9 ($11) starting from January 2018 and ending in June 2018 and one final payment of €395 ($487) in June 2018. The note is charged interest at the 1-month Euribor plus 250 basis points, effective rate of 2.50% at March 31, 2018. At March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance of the note was €455 ($561).

PM has an interest rate swap with a fair market value at March 31, 2018 of €4 or $5 which has been included in debt.

At March 31, 2018 PM Argentina Sistemas de Elevacion, a subsidiary of PM Group has a note payable. The note is payable in five quarterly installments of €79 ($97) starting from April 2018 and ending in April 2019, the note is charged interest at 28.50% at March 31, 2018. At March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance of the note was €367 ($452).

Valla Short-Term Working Capital Borrowings

At March 31, 2018, Valla had established demand credit and overdraft facilities with two Italian banks. Under the facilities, Valla can borrow up to approximately €870 ($1,072) for advances against orders, invoices and bank overdrafts. Interest on the Italian working capital facilities is charged at a flat percentage rate for advances on invoices and orders ranging from 4.50% - 4.75%. At March 31, 2018, the Italian banks had advanced Valla €506 ($623).

Valla Term Loans

At March 31, 2018, Valla has a term loan with Carisbo. The note is payable in quarterly principal installments beginning on October 30, 2017 of €8 ($10), plus interest at the 3-month Euribor plus 470 basis points, effective rate of 4.37% at March 31, 2018. The note matures on January 2021. At March 31, 2018, the outstanding principal balance of the note was €94 ($116).

Capital leases

Georgetown facility

The Company leases its Georgetown facility under a capital lease that expires on April 30, 2028. The monthly rent is currently $66 and is increased by 3% annually on September 1 during the term of the lease. At March 31, 2018, the outstanding capital lease obligation is $5,152.

Equipment

The Company has entered into a lease agreement with a bank pursuant to which the Company is permitted to borrow 100% of the cost of new equipment with 48 month repayment periods. At the conclusion of the lease period, for each piece of equipment the Company is required to purchase that piece of leased equipment for one dollar.

The equipment, which is acquired in ordinary course of the Company’s business, is available for sale and rental prior to sale.

Under the lease agreement the Company can elect to exercise an early buyout option at any time, and pay the bank the present value of the remaining rental payments discounted by a specified Index Rate established at the time of leasing. The early buyout option results in a prepayment penalty which progressively decreases during the term of the lease. Alternatively, under the like-kind provisions in the agreement, the Company can elect to replace or substitute different equipment in place of equipment subject to the early buyout without incurring a penalty.

The following is a summary of amounts financed under equipment capital lease agreements:

Balance as of

Amount

Borrowed

Repayment

Period

Amount of

Monthly Payment

March 31,

2018

New equipment

896

607

As of March 31, 2018, the Company has one additional capital lease with total capitalized lease obligations of $11.

12. Convertible Notes

Related Party

On December 19, 2014, the Company issued a subordinated convertible debenture with a $7,500 face amount payable to Terex, a related party. The convertible debenture, is subordinated, carries a 5% per annum coupon, and is convertible into Company common stock at a conversion price of $13.65 per share or a total of 549,451 shares, subject to customary adjustment provisions. The debenture has a December 19, 2020 maturity date.

From and after the third anniversary of the original issuance date, the Company may redeem the convertible debenture in full (but not in part) at any time that the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals at least 130% of the Conversion Price (as defined in the debenture) for at least 20 of any 30 consecutive trading days. Following an election by the holder to convert the debenture into common stock of the Company in accordance with the terms of the debenture, the Company has the discretion to deliver to the holder either (i) shares of common stock, (ii) a cash payment, or (iii) a combination of cash and stock.

As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the note had a remaining principal balance of $7,043 and $7,005 an unamortized discount of $457 and $495, respectively.

Perella Notes

On January 7, 2015, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Perella Note Purchase Agreement”) with MI Convert Holdings LLC (which is owned by investment funds constituting part of the Perella Weinberg Partners Asset Based Value Strategy) and Invemed Associates LLC (together, the “Investors”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue $15,000 in aggregate principal amount of convertible notes due January 7, 2021 (the “Perella Notes”) to the Investors. The Notes are subordinated, carry a 6.50% per annum coupon, and are convertible, at the holder’s option, into shares of Company common stock, based on an initial conversion price of $15.00 per share, subject to customary adjustments. Following an election by the holder to convert the debenture into common stock of the Company in accordance with the terms of the debenture, the Company has the discretion to deliver to the holder either (i) shares of common stock, (ii) a cash payment, or (iii) a combination of cash and stock. Upon the occurrence of certain fundamental corporate changes, the Perella Notes are redeemable at the option of the holders of the Perella Notes. The Perella Notes are not redeemable at the Company’s option prior to the maturity date, and the payment of principal is subject to acceleration upon an event of default. The issuance of the Perella Notes by the Company was made in reliance upon the exemptions from registration provided by Rule 506 and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

In accordance with a Registration Rights Agreement with the Investors dated January 7, 2015, the Company agreed to register the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Perella Notes. The Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed by the Company was declared effective on February 23, 2015.

As of March 31, 2018, the note had a remaining principal balance of $14,634 (less $269 debt issuance cost for a net debt of $14,365) and an unamortized discount of $366, compared to a remaining balance of $14,604 (less $294 debt issuance cost for a net debt of $14,310) and an unamortized discount of $396 at December 31, 2017.

13. Income Taxes

For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded an income tax provision (benefit) of ($301), which included a discrete income tax provision of $23. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded an income tax provision (benefit) of $90. The calculation of the overall income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily consists of a foreign income tax benefit partially offset by a discrete income tax provision.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was an income tax benefit of 16.9% compared to an income tax benefit of 2.8% in the comparable prior period. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the mix of domestic and foreign earnings, nondeductible foreign permanent differences, and domestic losses for which the Company is not recognizing an income tax benefit.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) was enacted into law. In response to the enactment of the Act, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Act. The purpose of SAB No. 118 was to address any uncertainty or diversity of view in applying ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes in the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. SAB No. 118 addresses situations where the accounting is incomplete for certain income tax effects of the Act upon issuance of a company’s financial statements for the reporting period that includes the enactment date. SAB No. 118 allows for a provisional amount to be recorded if it is a reasonable estimate of the impact of the Act. Additionally, SAB No. 118 allows for a measurement period to finalize the impacts of the Act, not to extend beyond one year from the date of enactment.

The Company’s accounting for certain elements of the Act was incomplete as of the period ended December 31, 2017, and remains incomplete as of March 31, 2018. However, the Company was able to make reasonable estimates of the effects and, therefore, recorded provisional estimates for these items at December 31, 2017.

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of U.S. and foreign taxes in amounts necessary to align the Company’s year-to-date tax provision with the effective tax rate that the Company expects to achieve for the full year. Each quarter the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate and records cumulative adjustments for changes in estimate as necessary. The 2018 estimated annual effective tax is based upon the Company’s anticipated earnings both in the U.S. and in foreign jurisdictions.

The Company’s total unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $1,016 and $983 which, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate. Included in the unrecognized tax benefits is a liability for the PM Group’s potential Italian corporate income tax (IRES) and Italian regional production tax (IRAP) audit adjustments for the tax year 2013 and Romania for tax years 2012-2016. In July, 2017, the Company received notification from the Internal Revenue Service that its tax return for the year ended December 31, 2015 has been selected for examination. Favorable resolution of an unrecognized tax benefit could be recognized as a reduction in tax provision and effective tax rate in the period of resolution. Unfavorable settlement of an unrecognized tax benefit could increase the tax provision and effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the period of resolution.

14. Net (Loss) Earnings per Common Share

Basic net earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of convertible debt and restricted stock units. Details of the calculations are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(1,485	)	$	(3,425	)
Income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes		—			251
Less: (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest from discontinued operations		—			(114	)
Income from operations of discontinued operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc., net of income taxes		—			137
Net loss attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(1,485	)	$	(3,288	)

Earnings (loss) per share
Basic
Loss from continuing operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.21	)
Earnings from operations of discontinued operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc., net of income taxes	$	—		$	0.01
Loss attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.20	)

Diluted
Loss from continuing operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.21	)
Earnings from operations of discontinued operations attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc., net of income taxes	$	—		$	0.01
Loss attributable to shareholders of Manitex International, Inc.	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.20	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		16,666,937			16,559,343

Diluted
Basic		16,666,937			16,559,343
Dilutive effect of restricted stock units		—			—
		16,666,937			16,559,343

There are 104,011 and 266,397 restricted stock units which are anti-dilutive and therefore not included in the average number of diluted shares shown above for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively.

15. Equity

Stock Issued to Employees and Directors

The Company issued shares of common stock to employees and Directors as restricted stock units issued under the Company’s 2004 Incentive Plan vested. Upon issuance entries were recorded to increase common stock and decrease paid in capital for the amounts shown below. The following is a summary of stock issuances that occurred during the period:

Date of Issue	Employees or Director	Shares Issued		Value of Shares Issued
January 1, 2018	Employees		12,536	$	159
January 1, 2018	Directors		4,420		56
January 4, 2018	Directors		7,675		47
January 4, 2018	Employees		26,215		159
January 15, 2018	Directors		6,600		59
			57,446	$	480

On January 4, 2018, the Company granted 2,500 restricted stock units that vested immediately to a consultant. These shares had a value of $23 based on closing share price of $9.39.

Stock Repurchase

The Company purchases shares of Common Stock from certain employees at the closing share price on the date of purchase. The stock is purchased from the employees to satisfy employees’ withholding tax obligations related to stock issuances described above. The below table summarizes shares repurchased from employees during the current year through March 31, 2018:

Date of Purchase	Shares Purchased		Closing Price on Date of Purchase
January 1, 2018		3,183	$	9.60
January 4, 2018		5,709	$	9.39
		8,892

Equity was decreased by $84, the aggregated value of the shares reflected in the table above.

2004 Equity Incentive Plan

In 2004, the Company adopted the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan and subsequently amended and restated the plan on September 13, 2007, May 28, 2009, June 5, 2013 and June 2, 2016. The maximum number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the plan is 1,329,364 shares. The total number of shares reserved for issuance however, can be adjusted to reflect certain corporate transactions or changes in the Company’s capital structure. The Company’s employees and members of the board of directors who are not our employees or employees of our affiliates are eligible to participate in the plan. The plan is administered by a committee of the board comprised of members who are outside directors. The plan provides that the committee has the authority to, among other things, select plan participants, determine the type and amount of awards, determine award terms, fix all other conditions of any awards, interpret the plan and any plan awards. Under the plan, the committee can grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and performance units, except Directors may not be granted stock appreciation rights, performance shares and performance units. During any calendar year, participants are limited in the number of grants they may receive under the plan. In any year, an individual may not receive options for more than 15,000 shares, stock appreciation rights with respect to more than 20,000 shares, more than 20,000 shares of restricted stock and/or an award for more than 10,000 performance shares or restricted stock units or performance units. The plan requires that the exercise price for stock options and stock appreciation rights be not less than fair market value of the Company’s common stock on date of grant.

Restricted stock units are subject to the same conditions as the restricted stock awards except the restricted stock units will not have voting rights and the common stock will not be issued until the vesting criteria are satisfied.

Restricted Stock Awards

The following table contains information regarding restricted stock units:

	March 31, 2018
Outstanding on January 1, 2018		168,763
Units granted during the period		2,500
Vested and issued		(51,054	)
Vested-issued and repurchased for income tax withholding		(8,892	)
Forfeited		(7,306	)
Outstanding on March 31, 2018		104,011

The value of the restricted stock is being charged to compensation expense over the vesting period. Compensation expense includes expense related to restricted stock units of $123 and $229 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additional compensation expense related to restricted stock units will be $315 and $138 for the remainder of 2018 and 2019, respectively.

16. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

The Company is involved in various legal proceedings, including product liability, employment related issues, and workers’ compensation matters which have arisen in the normal course of operations. The Company has product liability insurance with self- insurance retention limits that range from $50 to $500.

The Company has been named as a defendant in several multi-defendant asbestos related product liability lawsuits. In certain instances, the Company is indemnified by a former owner of the product line in question. In the remaining cases the plaintiff has, to date, not been able to establish any exposure by the plaintiff to the Company’s products. The Company is uninsured with respect to these claims but believes that it will not incur any material liability with respect to these claims.

When it is probable that a loss has been incurred and possible to make a reasonable estimate of the Company’s liability with respect to such matters, a provision is recorded for the amount of such estimate or the minimum amount of a range of estimates when it is not possible to estimate the amount within the range that is most likely to occur. The Company established reserves for several PM lawsuits in conjunction with the accounting for this acquisition.

Additionally, beginning on December 31, 2011, the Company’s workmen’s compensation insurance policy has per claim deductible of $250 and annual aggregates that range from $1,000 to $1,875 depending on the policy year. The Company is fully insured for any amount on any individual claim that exceeds the deductible and for any additional amounts of all claims once the aggregate is reached. The Company does not believe that the contingencies associated with these worker compensation claims in aggregate will have a material adverse effect on the Company.

On May 5, 2011, the Company entered into two separate settlement agreements with two plaintiffs. As of March 31, 2018, the Company has a remaining obligation under the agreements to pay the plaintiffs an aggregate of $1,330 without interest in 14 annual installments of $95 on or before May 22 of each year. The Company has recorded a liability for the net present value of the liability. The difference between the net present value and the total payment will be charged to interest expense over payment period.

It is reasonably possible that the “Estimated Reserve for Product Liability Claims” may change within the next 12 months. A change in estimate could occur if a case is settled for more or less than anticipated, or if additional information becomes known to the Company.

Romania Income Tax Audit

As described in Note 13, Income Taxes, the Company increased its unrecognized tax benefits in connection with the Romanian tax audit and pending legal proceedings.

Residual Value Guarantees

The Company issues residual value guarantees to support a customer’s financing of equipment purchased from the Company. A residual value guarantee involves a guarantee that a piece of equipment will have a minimum fair market value at a future date if

certain conditions are met by the customer. The Company has issued partial residual guarantees that have maximum exposure of approximately $1.6 million. The Company does not have any reason to believe that any exposure from such a guarantee is either probable or estimable at this time, as such no liability has been recorded. The Company’s ability to recover losses experienced from its guarantees may be affected by economic conditions in used equipment markets at the time of loss.

SEC Inquiry

In December of 2017, the Company received an inquiry from the SEC requesting certain information in connection with the Company’s previously announced restatement of prior financial statements and is complying with such request.

17. Transactions between the Company and Related Parties

In the course of conducting its business, the Company has entered into certain related party transactions.

C&M is a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes. As such, C&M purchases cranes and parts from Terex. Additionally, The Company has a convertible note with a face amount of $7,500 payable to Terex. See Note 12 for additional details.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2017, the Company was the majority owner of ASV and, therefore, ASV is not a related party during that period. In May 2017, the Company reduced is its ownership interest in ASV to 21.4% and further reduced its ownership to approximately 11% in February 2018. As such, ASV is a related party beginning in the quarter ended June 30, 2017. The Company did not have any transactions with ASV during the quarter ended March 31, 2018.

As of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, the Company had accounts receivable and accounts payable with related parties as shown below:

		March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Accounts Receivable		$	—	$	26

Accounts Payable	Terex	$	92	$	100
	SL Industries and BGI (1)	—			1,257
		$	92	$	1,357
Net Related Party Accounts Payable		$	92	$	1,331

(1)

These companies are controlled by a former executive officer of the Company. The former officer retired effective December 31, 2016 but provided consulting services to the Company through April 30, 2017. Although the Company continues to purchase from SL Industries and BGI, these entities are not now related parties. Therefore, accounts payable to these companies are included in trade payables in 2018.

The following is a summary of the amounts attributable to certain related party transactions as described in the footnotes to the table, for the periods indicated:

		Three Months Ended March 31, 2018		Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Rent paid:	Bridgeview Facility (2)	$	66	$	65


Purchases from:	Terex	$	143	$	69

(2)

The Company leases its 40,000 sq. ft. Bridgeview facility from an entity controlled by Mr. David Langevin, the Company’s Chairman and CEO. Pursuant to the terms of the lease, the Company makes monthly lease payments of $22. The Company is also responsible for all the associated operations expenses, including insurance, property taxes, and repairs. The lease will expire on June 30, 2020 and has a provision for six one year extension periods. The lease contains a rental escalation clause under which annual rent is increased during the initial lease term by the lesser of the increase in the Consumer Price Increase or 2.0%. Rent for any extension period shall however, be the then-market rate for similar industrial buildings within the market area. The Company has the option, to purchase the building by giving the Landlord written notice at any time prior to the date that is 180 days prior to the expiration of the lease or any extension period. The Landlord can require the Company to purchase the building if a Change of Control Event, as defined in the agreement occurs by giving written notice to the Company at any time prior to the date that is 180 days prior to expiration of the lease or any extension period. The purchase price regardless whether the purchase is initiated by the Company or the landlord will be the Fair Market Value as of the closing date of said sale.

Note Payable to Terex

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had a convertible note payable of $7,043 (net of unamortized debt discount) to Terex. See Note 12 for additional details regarding this convertible note.

18. Discontinued Operations and Partial Disposition of the Remaining Equity Investment

Sale of Partial Interest in ASV Holdings

On May 17, 2017, the Company and ASV completed the previously announced underwritten initial public offering (the “Offering”) of 3,800,000 shares of ASV common stock, including 2,000,000 shares sold by the Company. The Company received proceeds net of commissions of $13,020 from the Offering. Additionally, the Company had legal and other expense associated with transaction of $128. In conjunction with the sale, the Company recognized a pre-tax loss of $1,133 and recognized a $23 tax benefit. The condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 reflects ASV as discontinued operations.

Following the sale of the above referenced shares, the Company had significant continuing involvement with ASV in the form of an equity investment (21.2% ownership in ASV). At the time of the above transaction, the Company’s plans were to hold the remaining shares it owned in ASV for an indefinite period.

The following is the detail of major line items that constitute income from discontinued operations:

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017
Net revenues	$	28,010
Cost of sales		23,719
Research and development costs		520
Selling, general and administrative expenses		2,623
Interest expense		(878	)
Other (expense) income		(38	)
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes		232
Income benefit expense related to discontinued operations		(19	)
Net loss on discontinued operations	$	251

Partial Disposition of the Remaining Equity Investment

Over the period from February 26 to 28, 2018, the Company sold an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of ASV in privately-negotiated transactions with institutional purchasers. All such shares were sold for $7.00 per share. Following such sale transactions, the Company owns an aggregate of 1,080,000 shares of ASV which equates to approximately 11.0% percent of ASV. After this transaction, the investment in ASV is no longer accounted for under the equity method. The Company recognized a pretax loss of $205 (which includes the $118 of commissions paid) in connection with sale of these shares. The Company was not able to record a tax benefit for this loss.

Going forward, the Company’s remaining investment in ASV is shown on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as a marketable equity security that will be marked to market (fair value) each reporting period. Gains and losses related to fair value adjustments on marketable equity securities are recorded into income each reporting period. The Company recognized a $186 gain during the quarter ended March 31, 2018.

Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Manitex International, Inc., through its wholly owned subsidiaries: Manitex, Badger, PM Group, Valla, Sabre, C&M and C&M Leasing, designs, manufactures and distributes a diverse group of products that serve different functions and are used in a variety of industries.

Manitex is located in Georgetown, Texas and markets a comprehensive line of boom trucks, truck cranes and sign cranes.

Badger is located in Winona, Minnesota and manufactures specialized rough terrain cranes and material handling products.

PM Group is a leading Italian manufacturer of truck mounted hydraulic knuckle boom cranes and a product range spanning more than 50 models. Through their consolidated subsidiaries, they have locations in Modena, Italy, Arad, Romania, Chassieu, France, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Santiago, Chile, London, UK and Mexico City, Mexico.

Valla is located in Piacenza, Italy and produces a line of industrial pick and carry cranes using electric, diesel and hybrid power options with lifting capacity that ranges from 2 to 90 tons.

Sabre, which is located in Knox, Indiana, manufactures a comprehensive line of specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions with capacities from 8,000 to 21,000 gallons.

C&M and C&M Leasing are located in Bridgeview, Illinois. C&M is a distributor of new and used Manitex branded products as well as Terex rough terrain and truck cranes. C&M also provides repair services in Chicago and supplies repair parts for a wide variety of medium to heavy duty construction equipment. C&M Leasing rents equipment that is manufactured by the Company as well as a limited amount of equipment manufactured by third parties.

Consolidated Variable Interest Entity

Even though it has no ownership interest in SVW Crane & Equipment Company (together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Rental Consulting Service Company, “SVW”), the Company had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact SVW’s economic performance. Additionally, the Company was the primary beneficiary of the SVW relationship. SVW obtained third party financing, which was effectively guaranteed by the Company, on specific cranes the Company manufactured and remitted the loan proceeds to the Company. Other than its business transactions described herein, SVW had no other substantial business operations. The Company determined that SVW was a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) that under current accounting guidance needed to consolidate in the Company’s financial results. SVW was consolidated into the Company’s financial results beginning in the first quarter of 2016 through the fourth quarter of 2017. By December 31, 2017, SVW ceased operations and is not a consolidated VIE after December 31, 2017.

Discontinued operations

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, ASV is presented in the Company’s financial statements as a discontinued operation. On May 17, 2017, the Company began accounting for its investment in ASV under the equity method as the Company sold shares of ASV that reduced its ownership percentage from 51% to 21.2%. From February 26 to 28, 2018, the Company sold an additional 1,000,000 shares of ASV stock, which reduced its ownership percentage to approximately 11.0%. The Company ceased accounting for its investment in ASV under the equity method and now treats its investment as marketable equity securities.

Factors Affecting Revenues and Gross Profit

The Company derives most of its revenue from purchase orders from dealers and distributors. The demand for the Company’s products depends upon the general economic conditions of the markets in which the Company competes. The Company’s sales depend in part upon its customers’ replacement or repair cycles. Adverse economic conditions, including a decrease in commodity prices, may cause customers to forego or postpone new purchases in favor of repairing existing machinery.

Gross profit varies from period to period. Factors that affect gross profit include product mix, production levels and cost of raw materials. Margins tend to increase when production is skewed towards larger capacity cranes.

Economic Conditions

During the first nine months of 2017 oil prices were in the $50 range but began to strengthen considerably during the fourth quarter of the year. Oil prices at the end of 2017 topped $61 per barrel. The sell-off of excess equipment from the energy sector continued through most of 2017 but the effects diminished throughout the year. The market for boom trucks continued to improve throughout 2017 but remained below normal levels. Orders, however, increased significantly in the fourth quarter of 2017 and going into 2018 demand for boom trucks continues to increase.

In 2017, the demand for knuckle boom cranes was up modestly in all the markets that PM sells into except for the Middle East. The demand from the Middle East market was consistent with the prior year but remains significantly depressed. During 2017, demand from Western and North Europe, were PM largest markets was the strongest. Although there was growth in the other PM markets, the demand from these markets has not returned to levels achieved in the past. PM’s markets appear to be stable or growing modestly during early 2018.

The Company’s backlog has increased to $87.9 million at March 31, 2018. This is substantial increase compared to the $61.5 million and $50.3 million at December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2017, respectively.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Net loss from continuing operations for the three month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017

For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 the Company had a net loss from continuing operations of $1.5 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the net loss from continuing operations of $1.5 million consisted of revenue of $56.7 million, cost of sales of $45.6 million, research and development costs of $0.7 million, SG&A expenses of $10.0 million, interest expense of $1.6 million, a foreign currency loss of $0.1 million, other loss of $0.3 million, loss from the ASV equity investment of $0.4 million, income tax benefit of $0.3 million and a gain in change in fair value of securities held of $0.2 million.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the net loss from continuing operations of $3.4 million consisted of revenue of $40.1 million, cost of sales of $32.7 million, research and development costs of $0.7 million, SG&A expenses of $8.9 million, interest expense of $1.2 million, foreign currency loss of $0.1 million, other income of $0.3 million and income tax expense of $0.2 million.

Net revenues and gross profit —For the three months ended March 31, 2018, net revenues and gross profit were $56.7 million and $11.1 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of revenues was 19.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2018. For the three months ended March 31, 2017, net revenues and gross profit were $40.1 million and $7.4 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of revenues was 18.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Net revenues increased $16.6 million or 41.3% to $56.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $40.1 million for the comparable period in 2017. The increase is primarily due to an increase in straight mast cranes revenues. The increase is due to an improvement in market conditions addressed above under the heading “Economic Conditions”. The revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were also favorably impacted by a stronger Euro, which accounted for approximately $3.0 million of the increase in revenue.

Our gross profit increased $3.7 million to $11.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $7.4 million for the comparable period in 2017. The increase in gross profit is attributable to an increase in revenues and a 1.2% improvement in gross profit percentage. The improvement in the gross profit percent is primarily due to an increase in the gross margin percentage generated on the sale of straight mast cranes. Boom truck margins were favorably impacted by an increase in production volume and improved pricing. Pricing improved in 2018, largely the result of a decrease in discounts being offered during 2018.

Research and development —Research and development was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 consistent with $0.7 million for the same period in 2017. The Company’s research and development spending reflects our continued commitment to develop and introduce new products that give the Company a competitive advantage.

Selling, general and administrative expense —Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $10.0 million compared to $8.9 million for the comparable period in 2017, an increase of $1.1 million. The 2017 period, included approximately $0.5 million incurred to participate in the ConExpo held in March 2017. The ConExpo show, which is held every three years, was held in Las Vegas in March of this year. This show is an international gathering place for the construction industries. It is estimated that 130,000 professionals from around the world attended the show. The increase is primarily related to cost related to the Company’s Financial Statement Restatement of approximately $1.0 million and costs related to PM’s debt restructuring of $0.5 million. Other significant factor affecting selling general and administrative expenses largely offset. These factors include an adverse exchange rate impact of $0.7 million and higher selling, general administrative expenses in the United States offset by decreased expenses in Italy. The increase in the United States is attributed to significantly higher revenues from the sales of straight mast cranes. The decrease in Italy is attributed to the Company’s restructuring activities.

Operating income (loss) —For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 the Company had operating income of $0.5 million compared with operating loss of $2.2 million, respectively. Operating income increased due to changes in revenue, cost of sales and operating expenses explained above.

Interest expense —Interest expense was $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $1.2 million for the comparable period in 2017. In 2017, Interest expense was reduced by a $0.4 million gain on interest rate swaps that the Company held.

Foreign currency transaction losses —For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company had foreign currency losses of $0.1 million compared to $0.1 million for the comparable period in 2017. As previously stated, the Company attempts to purchase forward currency exchange contracts such that the exchange gains and losses on the assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the reporting units’ functional currency will be offset by the changes in the market value of the forward currency exchange contracts it holds. A substantial portion of the losses relate to changes in the Argentinian peso. The Company has not been able to identify a strategy to effectively hedge the currency risks related to the Argentinian peso.

Other income— For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company had income of $0.2 million from change in fair value of securities held and other loss of $0.3 million compared to other income of $0.3 million for the comparable period in 2017.

Income tax — For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 the Company recorded an income tax provision (benefit) of ($0.3) and $0.1 million, respectively. The calculation of the overall income tax benefit primarily consists of a foreign income tax benefit partially offset by a discrete income tax provision.

The effective tax rate for three months ended March 31, 2018 was an income tax benefit of 16.9% compared to an income tax expense of 2.8% in the comparable prior period. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the mix of domestic and foreign earnings, nondeductible foreign permanent differences, and domestic losses for which the Company is not recognizing an income tax benefit.

Income (loss) from equity investments—-For the three months ended March 31, 2018 the Company had losses of $0.4 million. Income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was from losses from equity investment in ASV Holdings (see Notes 2 and 8).

Net loss from continuing operations —For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 the Company had a net loss of $1.5 million compared to a net loss of $3.4 million, respectively. The change is explained above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $2.5 million at March 31, 2018 compared to $5.5 million at December 31, 2017. In addition, the Company has a U.S. revolving credit facility with maturity date of July 20, 2019. At March 31, 2018 the Company had approximately $11.9 million available to borrow under its revolving credit facility. Additionally, the Company has a marketable equity investment in ASV common stock with a market value at March 31, 2018 of $7.8 million. The Company’s shares of ASV are covered by an effective resale registration statement and there are no restrictions that would prevent the Company from selling the ASV stock it holds.

At March 31, 2018, the PM Group had established working capital facilities with seven Italian and eight South American banks. Under these facilities, the PM Group can borrow $36.1 million against orders, invoices and letters of credit. At March 31, 2018, the PM Group had received advances of $22.8 million. Future advances are dependent on having available collateral.

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, total debt decreased by $2.3 million to $93.6 million at March 31, 2018, from $95.9 million at December 31, 2017.

The following is a summary of the net decrease in our indebtedness from December 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018:

Facility	Increase/ (decrease)
U.S. Revolver	$	(0.4	)	million
Note payable—bank (insurance premiums)		(0.2	)	million
Note payable—Badger		(0.1	)	million
Capital leases-buildings		—
Capital leases-equipment		(0.1	)	million
Convertible note-Terex		—
Convertible note-Perella		—
PM working capital (See note 11 for details)		(1.8	)	million
PM other debt (See note 11 for details)		0.3		million
Valla note payable		—		million
Valla working capital borrowings		(0.4	)	million
	$	(2.7	)	million
Debt issuance costs		0.4		million
	$	(2.3	)	million

(1)

The amounts on the above table are calculated by determining the differences between the U.S. dollar amounts or in case of foreign debt the difference in U.S, amount of local currency debt for March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 converted at the exchange rate as of the two respective balance sheet dates. The net change on the above tables agrees to the change in debt that appears on the face of the Company’s balance sheet.

The total change on the above tables differs significantly from the amounts that appear in the financing section of the Company’s Statement of Cash Flow. This occurs as the changes for Cash Flow statements are calculated in local currency and then converted to dollars at an average exchange rate. The impact of exchange rate fluctuations is, therefore, isolated and are included in separate line on the cash flow statement.

Outstanding borrowings

The following is a summary of our outstanding borrowings at March 31, 2018:

(In millions)

	Outstanding Balance			Interest Rate	Interest Paid	Principal Payment
U.S. Revolver	$	12.5		4.81 to 5.75%	Monthly	July 20, 2019 maturity
Note payable bank (insurance premiums)		0.4		5.26%	Monthly	February 2018 and August 2018 maturity
Convertible note—Terex		7.0		7.5%	Semi-Annual	January 1, 2021 maturity
Convertible note—Perella		14.6		7.5%	Semi-Annual	January 7, 2021 maturity
Capital lease—cranes for sale		0.6		5.5%	Monthly	January 13, 2021 maturity
Capital lease—Georgetown facility		5.2		12.50%	Monthly	$0.06 million monthly payment includes interest. April 30, 2028 maturity
Capital leases—Winona facility		0.4		8.0%	Monthly	$0.01 million monthly
PM unsecured borrowings		15.5		3.5%	Semi-Annual	Variable semi-annual starting June 2017 through December 2021
PM Autogru term loan		0.4		3.00%	Monthly	$0.1 million monthly through October 2020
PM Autogru term loan		0.5		2.50%	Annually	$0.5 monthly payment due June 2018
PM Argentina Note		0.5		28.5%	Quarterly	5 payments beginning April 2018
PM term loans with related accrued interest, interest rate swaps and FMV adjustments		12.8		0 to 3.5%	Semi-Annual	Variable semi-annual starting June 2019 through December 2021. No principal payments scheduled for 2018
PM short-term working capital borrowings		22.8		1.42 to 32.0%	Monthly	Upon payment of invoice
Valla note payable		0.1		4.37%	Quarterly	Over 14 quarterly payments
Valla short-term working capital borrowings		0.6		4.50 to 4.75%	Monthly	Upon payment of invoice or letter of credit
	$	93.9
Debt issuance costs		(0.3	)

Debt net of issuance costs	$	93.6

Future availability under credit facilities

As stated above, the Company had cash of $2.5 million and approximately $11.9 million available to borrow under its credit facility at March 31, 2018. The Company also has marketable equity securities with market value of $7.8 million that have no restriction that would prevent their sale.

PM Group has their own working capital facilities. As stated above, any future advances against the Italian facilities are dependent on having available collateral. Additionally, the Company is permitted make limited advances to the Italian operation under the Company’s credit facilities. Additional funds can be advanced to the Italian operations provided that the funds come from the sales of the sale of the marketable equity security referenced above.

The Company needs cash to fund normal working capital needs and to make scheduled debt payments as shown in the above table. The U.S. credit facilities are asset based. The maximum the Company may borrow under either facility is the lower of the credit line or the available collateral, as defined in the credit agreements. Collateral under the agreements consists of stated percentages of eligible accounts receivable and inventory.

Under the collateral formulas in the credit facilities accounts receivable collateral is equal to a stated percent of eligible accounts receivable (generally 85%), while inventory collateral is equal to a stated percent of eligible inventory (generally 50%) and caps total borrowing against our inventory. If our revenues were to increase significantly in the future, the provision limiting borrowing against accounts receivable and inventory may result in additional cash constraints. If this were to occur, we would attempt to negotiate higher inventory caps with our banks. There is, however, no assurance that the banks would agree to increase the caps.

The Company expects cash flows from operations and existing availability under the current revolving credit facilities will be adequate to fund future operations. If in the future, we were to determine that additional funding is necessary, we believe that it would be available. There is, however, no assurance that such financing will be available or, if available, on acceptable terms.

We will likely need to raise additional capital through debt or equity financings to fund any future acquisitions. There is no assurance that such financing will be available or, if available, on acceptable terms.

2018

Operating activities consumed $5.5 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2018 comprised of net loss of $1.5 million that consumed cash, non-cash items that totaled $1.9 million that generated cash and changes in assets and liabilities of $5.9 million that consumed cash. The principal non-cash items that generated cash are depreciation and amortization of $1.3 million, amortization of debt discounts of $0.1 million, loss on sale of ASV shares of $0.1 million, loss related to equity investments of $0.2 million, share based compensation of $0.1 million, amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.1 million offset by decrease in inventory reserves of $0.1 million, decrease in the net deferred tax liability of $0.1 million and the gain of $0.2 million to mark the marketable equity securities it holds to market.

The change in assets and liabilities consumed $5.9 million. The changes in assets and liabilities had the following impact on cash flows: accounts receivable consumed $3.8 million, inventory consumed $9.1 million, prepaid expenses consumed $0.7 million, accounts payable generated $8.6 million, accrued expenses consumed $0.1 million, other current liabilities consumed $0.3 million, and other long-term liabilities consumed $0.5 million.

The increases in accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable are due higher sales experienced during the first quarter 2018 and expect future sale growth. The increase in prepaid is principally due to an increase in prepaid taxes during the quarter. The decrease in accrued expense is due to the timing of interest payments and changes in various other accrued balances.

Investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 generated $6.9 million of cash. The Company received $7.0 million in proceeds from the sale of 1,000,000 shares of ASV stock offset by capital expenditures of $0.1 million.

Financing activities consumed $4.2 million in cash for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Cash was used to decrease borrowings under PM’s working capital facilities by $3.1 million, to reduce borrowings under the Company revolving credit facility by $0.4 million, to make note payments of $0.5 million, to make capital lease payment of $0.1 million and to repurchase $0.1 million of the Company’s stock from employees to satisfy employees’ tax withholding obligations upon vesting of restricted shares. New borrowing of $0.1 million generated cash.

2017

Operating activities consumed $5.3 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2017 comprised of net loss of $3.2 million, non-cash items that totaled $1.5 million and changes in assets and liabilities, which consumed $3.6 million. The principal non-cash items that generated cash are depreciation and amortization of $1.5 million, share based compensation of $0.2 million, amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.1 million, a decrease in deferred income taxes of $0.1 million, amortization of debt discounts of $0.1 million, an adjustment of a deferred gain of $0.1 million, and a loss on disposal of fixed assets of $0.1 million offset by the gains on revaluation of a contingent acquisition liability of $0.3 million, a decrease in inventory reserves of $0.1 million and a gain on interest rate swaps of $0.4 million.

The change in assets and liabilities consumed $3.6 million. The changes in assets and liabilities had the following impact on cash flows: accounts receivable consumed $2.5 million, inventory generated $1.4 million, prepaid expenses generated $0.2 million, accounts payable consumed $3.1 million, accrued expenses consumed $0.6 million, other current liabilities generated $0.6 million, and other long-term liabilities consumed $0.5 million. Discontinued operations generated $1.0 million. The increase in accounts receivable is the result of an increase in sales as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. The decrease in inventory is attributed the Company’s focus on improving working capital including a concerted effort to reduce our inventory. The decrease in accounts payable is attributed to a decrease in inventory and timing of vendor payments. The decrease in accrued expense is attributed to a number of offsetting changes that resulted in a net decrease in accrued liabilities. Note 9 to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements details the changes in various accrued liabilities.

Investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 consumed $0.3 million of cash, primarily related to purchase of equipment.

Financing activities generated $4.2 million in cash for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Cash was generated from increases in borrowing under both Company’s revolving credit facility of $1.3 million and Italy’s working capital facilities of $2.8 million, plus the receipt of proceeds of $2.4 million related to a stock offering and $0.7 million in new debt. New debt is primarily attributed to a new $0.4 million note to finance insurance premiums and an additional $0.2 million in SVW borrowings. Notes payments of $0.6 million, the repurchase of $0.1 million of stock from employees to satisfy employees’ tax withholding obligations upon vesting of restricted shares and the payment of $0.1 million under capital lease obligations. Additionally, discontinued operations financing activities consumed $2.2 million.

Related Party Transactions

See Note 17, Transactions between the Company and Related Parties, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of the Company’s related party transactions.

Critical Accounting Policies

The existing guidance related to marketable equity securities first became relevant to the Company during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. See Note 2 in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements which describes the Company’s policy related to marketable equity securities.

Additionally, the guidance that the FASB contained in ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) became effective for the first quarter of 2018. See Note 3 in in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements which describes the Company’s policy related to revenue recognition following the adoption of ASU 2016-08.

See Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition, in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 for a discussion of the Company’s other critical accounting policies.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 2, New Accounting Standards, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of recently issued accounting standards.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

CIBC has issued 2 standby letters of credit at March 31, 2018. The first standby letter of credit is $0.625 million in favor of an insurance carrier to secure obligations which may arise in connection with future deductibles payments that may be incurred under Company’s workmen’s compensation insurance policies. The second standby letter of credit is $0.02 million in favor of a governmental agency to secure obligations which may arise in connection with workmen’s compensation claims.

The Company has issued residual value guarantees to support a customer’s financing. A residual value guarantee involves a guarantee that a piece of equipment will have a minimum fair market value at a future date if certain conditions are met by the customer. The Company has issued partially residual guarantees that have a maximum exposure of approximately $1.6 million. The Company, however, does not have any reason to believe that any exposure from such a guarantee is either probable or estimable at this time, as such no liability has been recorded.

See Note 16 – “Legal Proceedings and other Contingencies” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding our guarantees.

Item 3—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company’s market risk disclosures have not materially changed since the 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K was filed. The Company’s quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are incorporated by reference from Part II, Item 7A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Item 4—Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision of and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Vice President of Financial Reporting (principal financial officer), and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as of March 31, 2018. The Company’s evaluation has identified certain material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting as further described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Based on the evaluation of these material weaknesses, the Company has concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2018 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Based on a number of factors, including the completion of the Audit Committee’s internal investigation, our internal review that identified revisions to our previously issued financial statements, and efforts to remediate the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below we believe the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of the dates, and for the periods, presented, in conformity with GAAP.

The effectiveness of any system of controls and procedures is subject to certain limitations, and, as a result, there can be no assurance that our controls and procedures will detect all errors or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system will be attained.

Internal Control and Disclosure Considerations

As previously described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 6, 2017, in 2016 the Company sold 39 cranes for total sales revenues of approximately $15 million to a single broker customer in a series of transactions (the “Transactions”) that were each structured as a customary “bill and hold” arrangement. The revenue for the Transactions was originally recognized in 2016. Ten of these units that were sold for an aggregate value of approximately $3 million were returned during 2016 (and were subsequently sold to other customers), such that for 2016, a net of 29 cranes were sold for approximately $12 million. In addition, the Company made various payments to the broker and its wholly-owned subsidiary that were expensed in 2016 and 2017. Furthermore, the debt taken on by the broker customer to purchase the cranes was effectively guaranteed by the Company pursuant to certain related agreements. In connection with its review of its financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, the Company became aware that the prior accounting treatment for the Transactions was not correct. Specifically, the Company has concluded that the relationship with the Broker and its wholly-owned subsidiary qualified as a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) and should therefore have resulted in a different accounting treatment resulting in the debt of the VIE being reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company has concluded that the revenue recognition criteria for 2016 sales were not met and payments to the Broker were not expenses of the Company. In addition, disclosures were incomplete.

In connection with the foregoing matters, on November 2, 2017, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, in consultation with the Company’s management and UHY LLP, the Company’s former independent registered public accounting firm, determined that the Company’s previously issued financial statements for the quarters ended March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2016, year ended December 31, 2016 and quarters ended March 31 and June 30, 2017 included in the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for such periods and together with all three, six and nine-month financial information contained therein (collectively, the “Non-Reliance Periods”) could no longer be relied upon.

Our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of Financial Reporting has determined that there were deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that constitute material weaknesses, as defined by SEC regulations, at March 31, 2018, with respect to procedures for:

1. We did not maintain an adequate process for the intake of new contracts, customers and vendors, particularly for contracts involving unique transaction structures or unusual obligations on the part of the Company, to ensure that all contracts are appropriately reviewed and approved, and the associated financial reporting requirements associated with such contracts and transactions structures are properly identified and complied with in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

2. We did not maintain adequate entity-level controls with respect to ensuring adequate supporting documentation of journal entries and proper review and approval of journal entries and disbursements that were unusual in nature and of significant amounts.

3. We did not maintain an adequate review process with respect to the accounting of bill-and-hold transactions and ensure proper revenue recognition.

4. We did not maintain a formal and consistent policy for establishing inventory reserves for excess and obsolete inventory.

5. We did not maintain an adequate communication policy with respect to compliance with the Company’s Code of Ethics and availability of the Company’s whistleblower hotline to report compliance issues

Accordingly, our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of Financial Reporting has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by SEC regulations, were not effective at March 31, 2018.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1—Legal Proceedings

The information set forth in Note 16 (Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies) to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 “Financial Statements” of this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A—Risk Factors

As of the date of this filing, there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Item 2—Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The Company’s credit agreement with CIBC directly restricts the Company’s ability to declare or pay dividends without CIBC’s consent. In addition, pursuant to the Company’s credit agreement with CIBC and other lenders, the Company must maintain as specified in the agreements certain fixed coverage ratios and debt to EBITDA ratios.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Period	(a) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased		(b) Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit)		(c) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publically Announced Plans or Programs		(d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1—January 31, 2018		8,892	$	9.46		—		—
February 1—February 28, 2018		—		—		—		—
March 1—March 31, 2018		—		—		—		—
		8,892	$	9.46		—		—

Item 3—Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4—Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5—Other Information

None

Item 6—Exhibits

See the Exhibit Index set forth below for a list of exhibits included with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Exhibit Description

31.1*		Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification by the Vice President of Financial Reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1**		Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and the Vice President of Financial Reporting pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101*		The following financial information from Manitex International, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (ii) Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (ii) Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, (iii) Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, and (iv) Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements.

*	Filed herewith

**	Furnished herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

May 10, 2018

		By:		/s/ David J. Langevin
				David J. Langevin
				Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
				(Principal Executive Officer)

May 10, 2018

By:

/s/ Sherman jung

Sherman Jung

Vice President of Financial Reporting

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)