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MARATHON DIGITAL HOLDINGS, INC. - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (D) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

 

or

 

[  ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (D) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _______ to ______

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Nevada   001-36555   01-0949984

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation)

 

(Commission

File Number)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

 

11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Ste. 380

Los Angeles, CA

  90025
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 703-232-1701

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. [X]

 

Large Accelerated Filer [  ]   Accelerated Filer [  ]
Non-accelerated Filer [  ] (Do not check if smaller reporting company) Smaller Reporting Company [X]
Emerging growth company [  ]      

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes [  ] No [X]

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. 20,577,940 shares of the registrant’s common stock are issued and outstanding as of May 17, 2018.

 

 

 

   

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    Page
PART I. - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements 3
  Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 (unaudited) and December 31, 2017 3
  Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited) 4
  Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited) 5
  Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements 6
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 16
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 20
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 20
     
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 21
Item 1A Risk Factors 21
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 21
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities 21
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 21
Item 5. Other Information 21
Item 6. Exhibits 22

 

OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION

 

Unless specifically set forth to the contrary, “Marathon Patent Group, Inc.,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Marathon Patent Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries. Unless otherwise indicated, the per share information has been adjusted to reflect the four for one reverse stock split that went into effect on October 30, 2017 (the “Reverse Split”).

 

 2 

 

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

 

   March 31, 2018   December 31, 2017 
   (Unaudited)     
ASSETS          
Current assets:          
Cash  $5,367,963   $14,948,529 
Digital currencies   68,044    - 
Accounts receivable - net of allowance for bad debt of $394,802 and $387,976 for March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively   -    6,826 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets   184,038    92,855 
Total current assets   5,620,045    15,048,210 
           
Other assets:          
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $366,777 and $134,513 for March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively   5,578,377    10,011 
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $11,863 for March 31, 2018   1,198,137    - 
Total other assets   6,776,514    10,011 
TOTAL ASSETS  $12,396,559   $15,058,221 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY          
           
Current liabilities:          
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $2,071,142   $1,961,784 
Litigation liability   -    2,150,000 
Warrant liability   285,348    1,794,396 
Notes payable, net of discounts of $345,256 and $2,290,028 for March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively   1,613,849    1,763,920 
Total current liabilities   3,970,339    7,670,100 
Total liabilities   3,970,339    7,670,100 
           
Commitments and Contingencies          
           
Stockholders’ Equity:          
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 1,943 and 5,513 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively   -    1 
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 19,327,940 and 12,477,781 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively   1,933    1,248 
Additional paid-in capital   100,553,943    97,113,723 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (450,719)   (450,734)
Accumulated deficit   (91,678,937)   (89,276,117)
Total stockholders’ equity   8,426,220    7,388,121 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  $12,396,559   $15,058,221 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part to these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.

 

 3 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

 

   For the three months ended 
   March 31, 
   2018   2017 
Revenues          
Cryptocurrency mining revenue  $199,582   $- 
Other revenue   40,385    78,137 
Total revenues   239,967    78,137 
           
Operating costs and expenses          
Cost of revenue   267,709    451,762 
Amortization of patents   -    705,958 
Compensation and related taxes   413,118    1,085,546 
Consulting fees   38,203    (28,779)
Professional fees   804,286    425,686 
General and administrative   563,716    247,652 
Realized loss on sale of digital currencies   1,510    - 
Change in fair value of digital currencies   9,557    - 
Total operating expenses   2,098,099    2,887,825 
Operating loss   (1,858,132)   (2,809,688)
Other income (expenses)          
Other income (expenses)   2,454    (14,825)
Foreign exchange loss   (15,332)   (85,862)
Change in fair value adjustment of Clouding IP earn out   -    13,879 
Change in fair value of warrant liability   1,453,257    (213,208)
Amortization of debt discount   (1,944,772)   - 
Interest income   -    1,241 
Interest expense   (40,295)   (568,819)
Net loss   (2,402,820)   (3,677,282)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests   -    (70,636)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders  $(2,402,820)  $(3,606,646)
           
Net loss per share, basic and diluted:  $(0.16)  $(0.76)
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted:   15,222,735    4,764,890 
           
Net loss attributable to common stockholders  $(2,402,820)  $(3,606,646)
Other comprehensive loss:          
Unrealized gain on foreign currency translation   15    1,083 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Marathon Patent Group, Inc.  $(2,402,805)  $(3,605,563)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part to these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.

 

 4 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

   For the three months ended 
   March 31, 
   2018   2017 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES          
Net loss  $(2,402,820)  $(3,606,646)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) operating activities:          
Depreciation   232,006    471 
Amortization of patents and website   12,120    705,958 
Realized loss on sale of digital currencies   1,510    - 
Change in fair value of warrant liability   (1,453,257)   - 
Stock based compensation   329,525    41,424 
Amortization of debt discount   1,944,772    - 
Bad debt allowance   6,826    - 
Non-cash interest, discount, and financing costs   -    52,733 
Change in fair value of digital currency   9,557    - 
Change in fair value of Clouding earnout   -    (13,879)
Non-controlling interest   -    (70,636)
Other non-cash adjustments   -    67,164 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:          
Accounts receivables   -    (8,328)
Digital currencies   (199,582)   - 
Litigation liability   (2,150,000)   - 
Bonds posted with courts   -    (351,647)
Prepaid expenses and other assets   (91,183)   (386,903)
Other non current assets   -    1,203 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses   110,104    (1,099,415)
Net cash (used in) operating activities   (3,650,422)   (4,668,501)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES          
Acquisition of patents   (250,000)   - 
Purchase of property and equipment   (5,800,629)   (2,097)
Net cash (used in) investing activities   (6,050,629)   (2,097)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES          
Payment on note payable   -    (5,728,000)
Proceeds from sale of digital currencies   120,470    - 
Proceeds received on issuance of notes payable   -    4,500,000 
Proceeds received on private placement   -    1,262,865 
Proceeds received on exercise of warrants   -    132,427 
Net cash provided by financing activities   120,470    167,292 
           
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes   15    (1,556)
           
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents   (9,580,566)   (4,504,862)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period   14,948,529    4,998,314 
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period  $5,367,963   $493,452 
           
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION          
Cash paid for interest expense  $-   $333,608 
Cash paid during the year for income taxes  $-   $- 
           
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:          
Common stock issued for acquisition of patents  $960,000   $- 
Conversion of Series E Preferred Stock to common stock  $357   $- 
Common stock issued for note conversion  $2,095,588   $- 
Restricted stock issuance  $39   $- 
Warrants exercised into common shares  $55,791   $- 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part to these unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.

 

 5 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

Organization

 

Our historical business is to acquire patents and patent rights and to monetize the value of those assets to generate revenue and profit for Marathon Patent Group, Inc. (the “Company”). With the increasing difficulties experienced in the patent monetization space associated with judicial and legislative changes over the last couple of years, the Board of Directors of the Company began to consider alternate business to enter into during the summer of 2017. Following an analysis of a number of different options, on November 1, 2017, the Company entered into a proposed merger agreement with Global Bit Ventures, Inc. (“GBV”), which is focused on mining digital assets. The Company has since purchased our cryptocurrency mining machines and established a data center in Canada to mine digital assets. Following the merger, the Company intends to add GBV’s existing technical capabilities and digital asset miners and expand our activities in the mining of new digital assets, while at the same time harvesting the value of our remaining IP assets.

 

On January 1, 2018, our Board adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, subsequently approved by the stockholders on March 7, 2018, pursuant to which up to 10,000,000 shares of common stock, stock options, restricted stock, preferred stock, stock-based awards and other awards are reserved for issuance as awards to employees, directors, consultants, advisors and other service providers.

 

All share and per share values for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the 1:4 Reverse Split which occurred on October 30, 2017.

 

Going Concern

 

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that it will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business.

 

As reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company had and accumulated deficit of approximately $91.7 million at March 31, 2018, a net loss of approximately $2.4 million and approximately $3.7 million net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

Based on the Company’s current revenue and profit projections, management is uncertain that the Company’s existing cash will be sufficient to fund its operations through at least the next twelve months from the issuance date of the financial statements, raising substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue operating as a going concern. If we do not meet our revenue and profit projections or the business climate turns negative, then we will need to:

 

raise additional funds to support the Company’s operations; provided, however, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to raise such additional funds on acceptable terms, if at all. If the Company raises additional funds by issuing securities, existing stockholders may be diluted; and
   
review strategic alternatives.

 

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These consolidated condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the financial position, the results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the periods presented. It is suggested that these consolidated condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ended December 31, 2018.

 

 6 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, estimating the useful lives of patent assets, the assumptions used to calculate fair value of warrants and options granted, goodwill impairment, realization of long-lived assets, deferred income taxes, unrealized tax positions and business combination accounting.

 

Significant Accounting Policies

 

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies to those previously disclosed in the 2017 Annual Report other than the adoption of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Updates (ASU) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and the accounting for digital assets and crypto currency machines.

 

Segment Reporting

 

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision–making group in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our chief operating decision–making group is composed of the chief executive officer and chief financials (“CODM”). The Company currently operates in the Digital Currency Blockchain segment. The Company’s Crypto-currency Machines are located in Canada and the Company has employees only in the United States and views its operations as one operating segment as the CODM reviews financial information on a consolidated basis in making decisions regarding resource allocations and assessing performance.

 

Digital Currencies

 

Digital currencies consist of crypto-currency denominated assets such as Bitcoin and are included in current assets. Digital currencies are carried at their fair market value determined by an average spot rate of the most liquid digital currency exchanges. The digital currency market is still a new market and is highly volatile; historical prices are not necessarily indicative of future value; a significant change in the market prices for digital currencies would have a significant impact on the Company’s earnings and financial position.

 

Crypto-currency Machines

 

Management has assessed the basis of depreciation of the Company’s Crypto-currency Machines used to verify digital currency transactions and generate digital currencies and believes they should be depreciated over a 2 year period. The rate at which the Company generates digital assets and, therefore, consumes the economic benefits of its transaction verification servers are influenced by a number of factors including the following:

 

the complexity of the transaction verification process which is driven by the algorithms contained within the bitcoin open source software;

 

the general availability of appropriate computer processing capacity on a global basis (commonly referred to in the industry as hashing capacity which is measured in Petahash units); and

 

technological obsolescence reflecting rapid development in the transaction verification server industry such that more recently developed hardware is more economically efficient to run in terms of digital assets generated as a function of operating costs, primarily power costs i.e. the speed of hardware evolution in the industry is such that later hardware models generally have faster processing capacity combined with lower operating costs and a lower cost of purchase.

 

The Company operates in an emerging industry for which limited data is available to make estimates of the useful economic lives of specialized equipment. Management has determined that a two year diminishing value best reflects the current expected useful life of transaction verification servers. This assessment takes into consideration the availability of historical data and management’s expectations regarding the direction of the industry including potential changes in technology. Management will review this estimate annually and will revise such estimates as and when data comes available.

 

To the extent that any of the assumptions underlying management’s estimate of useful life of its transaction verification servers are subject to revision in a future reporting period either as a result of changes in circumstances or through the availability of greater quantities of data then the estimated useful life could change and have a prospective impact on depreciation expense and the carrying amounts of these assets.

 

 7 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. We consider revenue realized or realizable and earned when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement and that the product has been shipped or the services have been provided to the customer, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. Our material revenue stream is related to the mining of digital currencies. In consideration for these services, the Company receives digital currencies which are recorded as revenue, using the average U. S. dollar spot price of the related crypto-currency on the date of receipt. The coins are recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value and re–measured at each reporting date. Revaluation gains or losses, as well as gains or losses on sale of digital currencies are recorded as a component of cost of revenues in the statement of operations. Expenses associated with running the crypto-currency mining business, such as equipment deprecation, rent and electricity cost are also recorded as cost of revenues.

 

There is currently no specific definitive guidance in U.S. GAAP or alternative accounting frameworks for the accounting for the production and mining of digital currencies and management has exercised significant judgement in determining appropriate accounting treatment for the recognition of revenue for mining of digital currencies. Management has examined various factors surrounding the substance of the Company’s operations and the guidance in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, including the stage of completion being the completion and addition of a block to a blockchain and the reliability of the measurement of the digital currency received. In the event authoritative guidance is enacted by the FASB, the Company may be required to change its policies which could result in a change in the Company’s financial statements.

 

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the new revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

 

● Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer

● Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract

● Step 3: Determine the transaction price

● Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

● Step 5: Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation

 

In order to identify the performance obligations in a contract with a customer, a company must assess the promised goods or services in the contract and identify each promised good or service that is distinct. A performance obligation meets ASC 606’s definition of a “distinct” good or service (or bundle of goods or services) if both of the following criteria are met:

 

The customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (i.e., the good or service is capable of being distinct).
The entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract (i.e., the promise to transfer the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).

 

If a good or service is not distinct, the good or service is combined with other promised goods or services until a bundle of goods or services is identified that is distinct.

 

The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer. The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both. When determining the transaction price, an entity must consider the effects of all of the following:

 

● Variable consideration

● Constraining estimates of variable consideration

● The existence of a significant financing component in the contract

● Noncash consideration

● Consideration payable to a customer

 

Variable consideration is included in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.

 

The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis.

 

The transaction price allocated to each performance obligation is recognized when that performance obligation is satisfied, at a point in time or over time as appropriate.

 

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MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

There is only one performance obligation in each digital currency transaction (transfer of a verified transaction to the blockchain). If the Company is successful in adding a block to the blockchain (by verifying an individual transaction), the Company is automatically awarded a fixed number of digital currency tokens for their effort. At the time the contract with the customer arises (upon being the first to solve the algorithm and transferring a verified transaction to the blockchain), the consideration receivable is fixed. As such, the Company concluded that there was no variable consideration. There is no significant financing component or consideration payable to the customer in these transactions.

 

Digital currencies are non-cash consideration and thus must be included in the transaction price at fair value at the inception of the contract, which is when the algorithm is solved and a verified transaction is transferred to the blockchain. Fair value is determined using the average U.S. dollar spot rate of the related digital currency.

 

The Company will subsequently account for digital currencies received at fair value, with changes in fair value flowing through current income, as the Company has concluded that that the fair value measurement model, with both realized and unrealized changes reflected currently in the income statement, will best represent the economics associated with holding digital currencies. These subsequent holding gains and losses will not be reflected as revenue from contracts with customers, in accordance with the guidance above but will be recorded as a component of costs and expenses.

 

Expenses associated with running the digital currency mining business, such as rent and electricity cost are also recorded as cost of revenues. Depreciation on digital currency mining equipment are recorded as a component of costs and expenses.

 

Related Party Transactions

 

Parties are considered related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all related party transactions.

 

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Note Receivables on the Balance Sheets consists of an uncollateralized note receivable in the amount of $588,864 from nXn, an entity owned or controlled or previously owned or controlled by Erich Spangenberg. The note receivable does not carry interest and was repayable to the Company at the earlier of March 31, 2018 or based upon certain milestones. The note receivable was not repaid by nXn by March 31, 2018 and the Company took a full reserve for bad debt as of December 31, 2017.

 

At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company owed Doug Croxall, $20,000 and $124,297, respectively, which is comprised of $187,500 representing the remaining balance of his bonus pursuant to his Retention Agreement, as amended, and is reduced by $63,203, which is accounted for and presented as an advance due from related parties. It is possible that these advances by the Company to related parties could be deemed to be in violation of Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. However, the Company has not made a determination as of the date hereof if the advances resulted in a violation of that provision. If, however, it is determined these advances violated the prohibitions of Section 402, the Company could be subject to investigation and/or litigation that could involve significant time and costs and may not be resolved favorably. The Company is unable to predict the extent of its ultimate liability with respect to these transactions. The costs and other effects of any future litigation, government investigations, legal and administrative cases and proceedings, settlements, judgments and investigations, claims and changes in this matter could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and operating results.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company measures at fair value certain of its financial and non-financial assets and liabilities by using a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, essentially an exit price, based on the highest and best use of the asset or liability. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are:

 

Level 1:   Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2:   Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data
Level 3:   Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

 

 9 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, approximate their estimated fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of notes payable and other long-term liabilities approximate fair value as the related interest rates approximate rates currently available to the Company.

 

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement. The Company measures the fair value of its marketable securities by taking into consideration valuations obtained from third-party pricing sources. The pricing services utilize industry standard valuation models, including both income and market-based approaches, for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, to estimate fair value. These inputs included reported trades of and broker-dealer quotes on the same or similar securities, issuer credit spreads, benchmark securities and other observable inputs.

 

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the Company’s estimated level within the fair value hierarchy of those assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively:

 

   Fair value measured at March 31, 2018 
   Total carrying
value at
   Quoted prices in active markets   Significant other observable inputs   Significant unobservable inputs 
   March 31, 2018   (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3) 
Assets                    
Digital Currencies  $68,044   $68,044   $-   $- 
                     
Liabilities                    
Warrant liability  $285,348   $-   $-   $285,348 

 

   Fair value measured at December 31, 2017 
   Total carrying
value at
   Quoted prices in active markets   Significant other observable inputs   Significant unobservable inputs 
   December 31, 2017   (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3) 
Liabilities                    
Warrant liability  $1,794,396   $-   $-   $1,794,396 

 

There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

 

The following table presents additional information about Level 1 assets measured at fair value. Changes in Level 1 assets measured at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2018:

 

Digital currencies at fair value - December 31, 2017  $- 
Additions of digital currencies   199,582 
Realized loss on sale of digital currencies   (1,510)
Change in fair value of digital currencies   (9,557)
Proceeds from sale of digital currencies   (120,471)
Digital Currencies at fair value - March 31, 2018  $68,044 

 

The Company uses Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy to measure the fair value of digital currencies and revalues its digital currencies at every reporting period and recognizes gains or losses in the condensed statements of operations that are attributable to the change in the fair value of the digital currency.

 

As at March 31, 2018, the Company’s digital currencies consisted of Bitcoin, with a fair value of $68,044. Digital currencies are recorded at their fair value on the date they are received as revenues, and are revalued to their current market value at each reporting date. Fair value is determined by taking the spot rate from the most liquid exchanges.

 

At March 31, 2018, the Company had an outstanding warrant liability in the amount of $285,348 associated with warrants that were issued in January 2017 and warrants issued in related to the Convertible Notes issued in August and September of 2017. The following table rolls forward the fair value of the Company’s warrant liability, the fair value of which is determined by Level 3 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

 

 10 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

FV of warrant liabilities

 

   Fair value 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017  $1,794,396 
Exercised   (55,791)
Change in fair value of warrants   (1,453,257)
Outstanding as of March 31, 2018  $285,348 

 

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

 

Net loss per common share is calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 260: Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260”). Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted net loss per share does not include dilutive common stock equivalents in the weighted average shares outstanding, as they would be anti-dilutive.

 

Securities that could potentially dilute loss per share in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share at March 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

 

   As of March 31, 
   2018   2017 
Warrants to purchase common stock   728,764    598,643 
Options to purchase common stock   448,771    826,156 
Preferred stock to exchange common stock   1,942,161    195,501 
Convertible notes to exchange common stock   2,448,882    16,667 
Total   5,568,578    1,636,967 

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share:

 

   For the three months ended March 31, 
   2018   2017 
Net loss attributable to common shareholders  $(2,402,820)  $(3,606,646)
           
Denominator:          
Weighted average common shares - basic and diluted   15,222,735    4,764,890 
           
Loss per common share - basic and diluted  $(0.16)  $(0.76)

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260) Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815),” which addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. Down round features are features of certain equity-linked instruments (or embedded features) that result in the strike price being reduced on the basis of the pricing of future equity offerings. Current accounting guidance creates cost and complexity for entities that issue financial instruments (such as warrants and convertible instruments) with down round features that require fair value measurement of the entire instrument or conversion option. For public business entities, the amendments in Part I of this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on our consolidated condensed financial statements.

 

 11 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU provides clarity about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require the application of modification accounting. Specifically, ASU 2017-09 clarifies that changes to the terms or conditions of an award should be accounted for as a modification unless all of the following are met: 1) the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award immediately before the original award is modified, 2) the vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award immediately before the original award is modified and 3) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award immediately before the original award is modified. ASU 2017-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s accounting for share-based payment awards, as changes to awards’ terms and conditions subsequent to the grant date are unusual and infrequent in nature.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”), which clarifies the definition of a business and assists entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Under this guidance, when substantially all of the fair value of gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset (or group of similar assets), the assets acquired would not represent a business. In addition, in order to be considered a business, an acquisition would have to include at a minimum an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create an output. The amended guidance also narrows the definition of outputs by more closely aligning it with how outputs are described in FASB guidance for revenue recognition. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated condensed financial statements and notes thereto.

 

In May 2014, the FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as a new Topic, (ASC) Topic 606. The new revenue recognition standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of the new revenue standard for periods beginning after December 15, 2016 to December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted but not earlier than the original effective date. This ASU must be applied retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. We are considering the alternatives of adoption of this ASU and we are conducting our review of the likely impact to the existing portfolio of customer contracts entered into prior to adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018 under the modified retrospective approach and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). The standard requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for leases with lease terms greater than 12 months. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. Accordingly, the standard is effective for us on September 1, 2019 using a modified retrospective approach. We are currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on our consolidated condensed financial statements.

 

NOTE 3 – PATENT PURCHASES

 

On January 11, 2018, Marathon Patent Group, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a Patent Rights Purchase and Assignment Agreement (the “Agreement”), with XpresSpa Group, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the “Seller”) and Crypto Currency Patent Holdings Company LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“CCPHC”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Seller agreed to irrevocably assign, sell, grant, transfer and convey, and CCPHC agreed to accept and acquire, the exclusive right, title and interest in and to certain patents owned by the Seller (“Assigned IP”), subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Agreement. As consideration for the Assigned IP, the Seller shall receive (i) payment in the amount of $250,000 from CCPHC and (ii) 250,000 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Consideration Shares”), with piggyback registration rights. The Consideration Shares shall be issued by the Company to the Seller, subject to the terms and conditions of a lock-up agreement. The fair value of the 250,000 shares was $960,000 and was based upon the closing price of the Company’s common stock.

 

As a condition to the Agreement, the Seller agreed to enter into a lock-up agreement with the Company, which lock-up agreement is included as an exhibit to the Agreement (the “Lock-up Agreement”). Pursuant to the Lock-up Agreement, the Seller shall not directly or indirectly offer, sell, pledge or transfer, or otherwise dispose of, the Consideration Shares for a period of 180 days commencing on January 11, 2018 and ending on July 11, 2018; provided, however, upon the effective date of the registration for resale of the Consideration Shares, and on each day thereafter, one twentieth (1/20) of the Consideration Shares shall be released from the restrictions contained in the Lock-up Agreement and may be freely sold, transferred, traded or otherwise disposed of. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Consideration Shares, in whole or in part, are not registered for resale on the 6-month anniversary of the date of issuance of the Consideration Shares (“Six-Month Date”), the holders thereof may sell, transfer, trade or otherwise dispose of one twentieth (1/20) of the Consideration Shares on the Six-Month Date and on each day thereafter.

 

 12 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

In addition, the Company agreed to issue 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to Andrew Kennedy Lang, one of the named inventors of the patents, in exchange for consulting services, and 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to another individual in exchange for consulting services, in connection with the acquisition of the Assigned IP. The fair value of these shares was $278,750 and was based upon the closing price of the Company’s common stock on date of agreement. The Company recorded the fair value of these shares as a component of compensation and related taxes expense.

 

NOTE 4 – DIGITIAL ASSET MINING

 

On February 7, 2018, Marathon Crypto Mining, Inc. (“MCM”), a Nevada corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into an agreement to acquire 1,400 Bitmain’s Antminer S9 miners (“Antminer S9s”). The purchase price was $5,104,485. The Company also paid installation costs of $694,647 (total paid and capitalized during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $5,799,132). The Company will depreciate the Antminer S9’s and related installation costs over a two year period. Depreciation for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $232,006.

 

On February 12, 2018, in connection with the intended mining operations of MCM, the Company assumed a lease contract dated November 11, 2017 (the “Lease Agreement”) by and between 9349-0001 Quebec Inc. (the “Lessor”) and Blocespace Inc., formerly known as Cryptoespace Inc. (the “Lessee”). Pursuant to the Lease Agreement, among other things, the Lessee leases a building of 26,700 square feet (the “Property”) in Quebec, Canada, for an initial term of five (5) years (the “Term”), commencing on December 1, 2017 and terminating on November 30, 2022. The Lessee shall pay a monthly rent of $10,013 plus tax, or an annual rent of $120,150 plus tax (“Yearly Rent”). At the signing of the Lease Agreement, the Lessee paid the Lessor a deposit equal to the Yearly Rent which amount will be dispersed during the Term as set forth in the Lease Agreement.

 

The Lessee assigned the Lease Agreement to MCM pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption Agreement (the “Assignment”) by and between the Company and the Lessee’s parent company, Bloctechnologies Canada Inc. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Assignment, MCM agreed to observe all the covenants and conditions of the Lease Agreement, including the payment of all rents due. The Company shall be responsible for all necessary capital expenditures in connection with capital improvements to the Property to set up MCM’s mining operations.

 

NOTE 5 - STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

 

As of March 31, 2018, 1 share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock was outstanding.

 

Series E Preferred Stock

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, 3,570 shares of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock had been converted to the Company’s Common Stock and 1,942 shares of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock was outstanding as of March 31, 2018.

 

Common Stock

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company issued 2,619,485 shares of Common Stock to Note Holders in connection with debt conversions, 218,400 shares of Common Stock were issued to Board members for their services, 3,569,543 shares of Common Stock with respect to the conversion of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, 17,731 shares of Common Stock in connection with the exercise of a warrant, 250,000 shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to a patent purchase and 175,000 shares of Common Stock issued to consultants.

 

 13 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

Common Stock Warrants

 

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had warrants outstanding to purchase 728,764 shares of Common Stock with a weighted average remaining life of 3.8 years. A summary of the status of the Company’s outstanding stock warrants and changes during the period then ended is as follows:

 

   Number of Warrants   Weighted Average
Exercise Price
  

Weighted Average Remaining

Contractual Life
(in years)

 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017   773,966   $5.99    4.1 
Expired   (1,202)   15.60    - 
Exercised   (44,000)   1.20    - 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2018   728,764   $6.26    3.8 
Warrants exercisable as of March 31, 2018   728,764   $6.26    3.8 

 

Common Stock Options

 

A summary of the stock options as of March 31, 2018 and changes during the period are presented below:

 

   Number of Shares   Weighted Average
Exercise Price
   Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(in years)
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017   448,771   $15.50    6.23 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2018   448,771   $15.50    5.98 
Options vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2018   448,771   $15.50    5.98 
Options vested and exercisable as of March 31, 2018   435,855   $15.59    5.92 

 

NOTE 6 - DEBT, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Debt consists of the following:

 

   Maturity  Interest       
   Date  Rate   March 31, 2018   December 31, 2017 
Convertible Note  5/10/2018   5%  $1,959,105   $4,053,948 
Less: debt discount  and 5/31/2018        (345,256)   (2,290,028)
Total Convertible notes, net of discount          $1,613,849   $1,763,920 
                   
Total          $1,613,849   $1,763,920 
Less: current portion           (1,613,849)   (1,763,920)
Total, net of current portion          $-   $- 

 

On August 14, 2017, the Company entered into a unit purchase agreement (the “Unit Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors providing for the sale of up to $5,500,000 of 5% secured convertible promissory notes (the “Convertible Notes”), which are convertible into shares of the Corporation’s common stock, and the issuance of warrants to purchase 6,875,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the “Warrants”). The Convertible Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at the lesser of (i) $0.80 per share or (ii) the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock on the day prior to conversion of the Convertible Note; provided that such conversion price may not be less than $0.40 per share. The Warrants have an exercise price of $1.20 per share. The Convertible Notes mature on May 31, 2018 and bear interest at the rate of 5% per annum. In two closings of the Unit Purchase Agreement, the Company issued all $5,500,000 in Convertible Notes to the investors. As of March 31, 2018, the Company had an outstanding obligation pursuant to the Convertible Notes in the amount of $1,959,105. Accrued interest as of March 31, 2018 was $103,794.

 

Office Lease

 

In October 2013, the Company entered into a net-lease for its current office space in Los Angeles, California. The lease will commence on May 1, 2014 and runs for seven years through April 30, 2021, with monthly lease payment escalating each year of the lease. In addition, to paying a deposit of $7,564 and the monthly base lease cost, the Company is required to pay pro rata share of operating expenses and real estate taxes. Under the terms of the lease, the Company will not be required to pay rent for the first five months but must remain in compliance with the terms of the lease to continue to maintain that benefit. In addition, the Company has a one-time option to terminate the lease in the 42th month of the lease. Minimum future lease payments under this lease at March 31, 2018, for the next five years are as follows:

 

2018 (Nine Months)  $55,905 
2019   77,872 
2020   81,336 
2021   27,504 
Total  $242,617 

 

 14 

 

 

MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

 

Legal Proceedings

 

Marathon Patent Group, Inc., Doug Croxall and Francis Knuettel II are currently defendants in a lawsuit, filed on March 27, 2018, captioned as Jeffrey Feinberg, Jeffrey L. Feinberg Personal Trust, and Jeffrey L. Feinberg Family Trust v. Marathon Patent Group, Inc., Doug Croxall, and Francis Knuettel II, in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Index No.: 651463/2018. Mr. Feinberg purports to allege causes of action against Marathon, Doug Croxall and Francis Knuettel II under Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act, brought in relation to a December 2016 private placement, and under common law theories of fraud and fraudulent concealment, constructive fraud, and negligent misrepresentation. Mr. Feinberg previously alleged the same claims in a now-dismissed lawsuit that was filed in the California Superior Court in Los Angeles. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims. However, there can be no assurance that the outcome of these uncertainties will be favorable to the Company.

 

In the normal course of our business of patent monetization, it is generally necessary for us to initiate litigation in order to commence the process of protecting our patent rights. Such litigation is expected to lead to a monetization event. Accordingly, we are, and in the future, expect to become, a party to ongoing patent enforcement related litigation alleging infringement by various third parties of certain patented technologies owned and/or controlled by us. Litigation is commenced by and managed through the subsidiary that owns the related portfolio of patents or patent rights. In connection with our enforcement activities, we are currently involved in multiple patent infringement cases. As of March 31, 2018, the Company is involved into a total of 5 lawsuits against defendants in the following jurisdictions:

 

United States      
District of Delaware     5  

 

Symantec

 

On March 8, 2018, the Company and its subsidiary, Clouding Corp., a California corporation (“Clouding”) entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release of Claims (the “Settlement Agreement”) with Symantec Corporation (“Symantec”). Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, in consideration for an undisclosed amount, Symantec agreed to settle its disputes and dismiss the actions brought against the Company, Clouding, IP Navigation Group, LLC, Clouding IP, LLC, William J. Carter, and Erich Spangenberg, each with prejudice. The first case commenced in the Superior Court of California for the County of Los Angeles (the “Los Angeles Action”) and Symantec thereafter filed a second case in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Delaware Action”) naming IP Navigation Group, LLC and Erich Spangenberg as defendants.

 

Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, the Marathon Releasees, Clouding Releasees and the Other Defendant Releasees (as such terms are defined in the Settlement Agreement) will be released from claims from any and all claims or causes of action based upon, related to, or arising from the allegations that were made, or could have been made, with respect to the subject matter of the pleadings filed in the Los Angeles Action and the Delaware Action, and as further set forth in the Settlement Agreement. The Settlement Agreement contains no admission of wrongdoing, liability or obligation to any of the other parties, except as otherwise set forth therein.

 

Feinberg Litigation

 

On March 30, 2018, the Company became aware that a summons and complaint (collectively, the “Summons and Complaint”) were filed by Jeffrey Feinberg, Jeffrey L. Feinberg Personal Trust, and Jeffrey L. Feinberg Family Trust against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The Summons and Complaint were filed with the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York on March 27, 2018. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims. However, there can be no assurance that the outcome of these uncertainties will be favorable to the Company.

 

NOTE 7 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Restated Merger Agreement

 

On April 3, 2018, the Company and GBV entered into the Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Amended Merger Agreement”), which amends certain terms, among others, in the Merger Agreement, as follows: (i) the Outside Closing Date, as amended, shall be further extended to ninety (90) days from April 3, 2018, subject to consecutive 30-day extensions upon mutual written consent of the Parties; (ii) the Company Shareholders shall receive 70,000,000 Parent Common Shares (reduced from 126,674,557 Parent Common Shares) on a fully diluted basis, which include any Parent Common Shares underlying the Parent’s Series C Preferred Stock issuable in lieu of the Parent Common Shares at the election of the Company Shareholders who would own more than 2.49% of the Parent Common Shares as a result of the Merger; and (iii) in the event that the Merger fails to close by August 9, 2018 or the Company’s Shareholders vote not to approve the Merger, the Parent will issue to the Company, an aggregate of 3,000,000 Parent Common Shares to reimburse GBV for its costs and expenses. All capitalized terms otherwise not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement.

 

Lease Agreement

 

Effective June 1, 2018, the Company will be renting its corporate office at 1180 North Town Center Drive, Suite 100, Las Vegas, Nevada 89144, on a month to month basis. The monthly rent is $1,907. A security deposit of $3,815 has been paid.

 

Note Conversion

 

During April 2018, the Company issued 1,200,000 shares of Common Stock to Note Holders in connection with debt conversions. The Company’s note payable balance was reduced by $960,000.

 

 15 

 

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

This report on Form 10-Q (“Report”) and other written and oral statements made from time to time by us may contain so-called “forward-looking statements,” all of which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “expects,” “plans,” “will,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “intends,” “estimates,” and other words of similar meaning. One can identify them by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements are likely to address our growth strategy, financial results and product and development programs. One must carefully consider any such statement and should understand that many factors could cause actual results to differ from our forward-looking statements. These factors may include inaccurate assumptions and a broad variety of other risks and uncertainties, including some that are known and some that are not. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed and actual future results may vary materially.

 

Information regarding market and industry statistics contained in this Report is included based on information available to us that we believe is accurate. It is generally based on industry and other publications that are not produced for purposes of securities offerings or economic analysis. We have not reviewed or included data from all sources, and cannot assure investors of the accuracy or completeness of the data included in this Report. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and the additional uncertainties accompanying any estimates of future market size, revenue and market acceptance of products and services. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statement. As a result, investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

 

Overview

 

We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on February 23, 2010 under the name Verve Ventures, Inc. On December 7, 2011, we changed our name to American Strategic Minerals Corporation and were engaged in exploration and potential development of uranium and vanadium minerals business. In June 2012, we discontinued our minerals business and began to invest in real estate properties in Southern California. In October 2012, we discontinued our real estate business when our former CEO joined the firm and we commenced our IP licensing operations, at which time the Company’s name was changed to Marathon Patent Group, Inc. On November 1, 2017, we entered into a merger agreement with Global Bit Ventures, Inc. (“GBV”), which is focused on mining digital assets. We have since purchased our cryptocurrency mining machines and established a data center in Canada to mine digital assets. Following the merger, we intend to add GBV’s existing technical capabilities and digital asset miners and expand our activities in the mining of new digital assets, while at the same time harvesting the value of our remaining IP assets.

 

Recent Developments

 

Patent Purchase

 

On January 11, 2018, the Company entered into a Patent Rights Purchase and Assignment Agreement (the “Agreement”), with XpresSpa Group, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the “Seller”) and Crypto Currency Patent Holdings Company LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“CCPHC”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Seller agreed to irrevocably assign, sell, grant, transfer and convey, and CCPHC agreed to accept and acquire, the exclusive right, title and interest in and to certain patents owned by the Seller (“Assigned IP”), subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Agreement. As consideration for the Assigned IP, the Seller shall receive (i) payment in the amount of $250,000 from CCPHC and (ii) 250,000 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Consideration Shares”), with piggyback registration rights. The Consideration Shares were issued by the Company to the Seller, subject to the terms and conditions of a lock-up agreement. The fair value of the 250,000 shares was $960,000 and was based upon the closing price of the Company’s common stock.

 

As a condition to the Agreement, the Seller agreed to enter into a lock-up agreement with the Company, which lock-up agreement is included as an exhibit to the Agreement (the “Lock-up Agreement”). Pursuant to the Lock-up Agreement, the Seller shall not directly or indirectly offer, sell, pledge or transfer, or otherwise dispose of, the Consideration Shares for a period of 180 days commencing on January 11, 2018 and ending on July 11, 2018; provided, however, upon the effective date of the registration for resale of the Consideration Shares, and on each day thereafter, one twentieth (1/20) of the Consideration Shares shall be released from the restrictions contained in the Lock-up Agreement and may be freely sold, transferred, traded or otherwise disposed of. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Consideration Shares, in whole or in part, are not registered for resale on the 6-month anniversary of the date of issuance of the Consideration Shares (“Six-Month Date”), the holders thereof may sell, transfer, trade or otherwise dispose of one twentieth (1/20) of the Consideration Shares on the Six-Month Date and on each day thereafter.

 

In addition, the Company agreed to issue 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to Andrew Kennedy Lang, one of the named inventors of the patents, in exchange for consulting services, and 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to another individual in exchange for consulting services, in connection with the acquisition of the Assigned IP. The fair value of these shares was $278,750 and was based upon the closing price of the Company’s common stock on date of agreement. The Company recorded the fair value of these shares as a component of compensation and related taxes expense.

 

 16 

 

 

Lease and Purchase of Digital Asset Mining Servers

 

On February 7, 2018, Marathon Crypto Mining, Inc. (“MCM”), a Nevada corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the us, entered into an agreement to acquire 1,400 Bitmain’s Antminer S9 miners (“Antminer S9s”). The purchase price was $5,104,485. We also paid installation costs of $694,647 (total paid and capitalized during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $5,799,132). We will depreciate the Antminer S9’s over a two year period.

 

On February 12, 2018, in connection with the intended mining operations of MCM, the Company assumed a lease contract dated November 11, 2017 (the “Lease Agreement”) by and between 9349-0001 Quebec Inc. (the “Lessor”) and Blocespace Inc., formerly known as Cryptoespace Inc. (the “Lessee”). Pursuant to the Lease Agreement, among other things, the Lessee leases a building of 26,700 square feet (the “Property”) in Quebec, Canada, for an initial term of five (5) years (the “Term”), commencing on December 1, 2017 and terminating on November 30, 2022. The Lessee shall pay a monthly rent of $10,012.50 plus tax, or an annual rent of $120,150.00 plus tax (“Yearly Rent”). At the signing of the Lease Agreement, the Lessee paid the Lessor a deposit equal to the Yearly Rent which amount will be dispersed during the Term as set forth in the Lease Agreement.

 

The Lessee assigned the Lease Agreement to MCM pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption Agreement (the “Assignment”) by and between the Company and the Lessee’s parent company, Bloctechnologies Canada Inc. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Assignment, MCM agreed to observe all the covenants and conditions of the Lease Agreement, including the payment of all rents due. The Company shall be responsible for all necessary capital expenditures in connection with capital improvements to the Property to set up MCM’s mining operations.

 

The 1,400 Antminer S9s were delivered to the Property and installation commenced on or about March 7, 2018, with the commencement of digital asset mining shortly thereafter.

 

Symantec Corporation Settlement Agreement

 

On March 8, 2018, the Company and its subsidiary, Clouding Corp., a California corporation (“Clouding”) entered into a Settlement Agreement and Release of Claims (the “Settlement Agreement”) with Symantec Corporation (“Symantec”). Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, in consideration for an undisclosed amount, which is subject to a Confidential Treatment Request (a “CTR”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Symantec agreed to settle its disputes and dismiss the actions brought against the Company, Clouding, IP Navigation Group, LLC, Clouding IP, LLC, William J. Carter, and Erich Spangenberg, each with prejudice. The first case commenced in the Superior Court of California for the County of Los Angeles (the “Los Angeles Action”) and Symantec thereafter filed a second case in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Delaware Action”) naming IP Navigation Group, LLC and Erich Spangenberg as defendants.

 

Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, the Marathon Releasees, Clouding Releasees and the Other Defendant Releasees (as such terms are defined in the Settlement Agreement) will be released from claims from any and all claims or causes of action based upon, related to, or arising from the allegations that were made, or could have been made, with respect to the subject matter of the pleadings filed in the Los Angeles Action and the Delaware Action, and as further set forth in the Settlement Agreement. The Settlement Agreement contains no admission of wrongdoing, liability or obligation to any of the other parties, except as otherwise set forth therein.

 

Feinberg Litigation

 

On March 30, 2018, the Company became aware that a summons and complaint (collectively, the “Summons and Complaint”) were filed by Jeffrey Feinberg, Jeffrey L. Feinberg Personal Trust, and Jeffrey L. Feinberg Family Trust against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The Summons and Complaint were filed with the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York on March 27, 2018. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims. However, there can be no assurance that the outcome of these uncertainties will be favorable to the Company.

 

Restated Merger Agreement

 

On April 3, 2018, the Company and GBV entered into the Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Amended Merger Agreement”), which amends certain terms, among others, in the Merger Agreement, as follows: (i) the Outside Closing Date, as amended, shall be further extended to ninety (90) days from April 3, 2018, subject to consecutive 30-day extensions upon mutual written consent of the Parties; (ii) the Company Shareholders shall receive 70,000,000 Parent Common Shares (reduced from 126,674,557 Parent Common Shares) on a fully diluted basis, which include any Parent Common Shares underlying the Parent’s Series C Preferred Stock issuable in lieu of the Parent Common Shares at the election of the Company Shareholders who would own more than 2.49% of the Parent Common Shares as a result of the Merger; and (iii) in the event that the Merger fails to close by August 9, 2018 or the Company’s Shareholders vote not to approve the Merger, the Parent will issue to the Company, an aggregate of 3,000,000 Parent Common Shares to reimburse GBV for its costs and expenses. All capitalized terms otherwise not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement.

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our critical accounting policies and significant estimates are detailed in our 2017 Annual Report. Our critical accounting policies and significant estimates have not changed from those previously disclosed in our 2017 Annual Report, except for those accounting subjects mentioned in the section of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements titled Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

 

Results of Operations

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017

 

We generated revenues of $239,967 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to $78,137 during the three months ended March 31, 2017. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, this represented an increase of $161,830 or 207%. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were derived primarily from cryptocurrency mining.

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company received no revenues from newly-issued settlement and license agreements.

 

The Company expects that a significant portion of its future revenues will be based on one-time grants of similar non-recurring, non-exclusive, non-assignable licenses to a relatively small number of entities and their affiliates. Further, with the expected small number of firms with which the Company enters into license agreements, and the amount and timing of such license agreements, the Company also expects that its revenues may be highly variable from one period to the next.

 

Direct cost of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2018 amounted to $267,709 and for the three months ended March 31, 2017, the direct cost of revenues amounted to $451,762. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, this represented a decrease of $184,053 or 41%. Direct costs of revenue include depreciation and amortization expenses of the cryptocurrency mining machines and patents, contingent payments to patent enforcement legal costs, patent enforcement advisors and inventors as well as various non-contingent costs associated with enforcing the Company’s patent rights and otherwise in developing and entering into settlement and licensing agreements that generate the Company’s revenue.

 

We incurred other operating expenses of $1,830,391 for the three months March 31, 2018 and $2,436,063 for the three months March 31, 2017. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, this represented a decrease of $605,672 or 25%. These expenses primarily consisted of compensation to our officers, directors and employees, professional fees and consulting incurred in connection with the day-to-day operation of our business. The operating expenses consisted of the following:

 

   Total Other Operating Expenses 
   For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2018   For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2017 
Amortization of patents (1)  $-   $705,958 
Compensation and related taxes (2)   413,118    1,085,546 
Consulting fees (3)   38,203    (28,779)
Professional fees (4)   804,286    425,686 
Other general and administrative (5)   563,716    247,652 
Realized loss on sale of digital currencies   1,510    - 
Change in fair value of digital currency   9,557    - 
Total  $1,830,391   $2,436,063 

 

Non-cash other operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 include non-cash other operating expenses totaling $306,709 and $748,862, respectively. Non-cash operating expenses consisted of the following:

 

   Non-Cash Other Operating Expenses 
   For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2018   For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2017 
Amortization of patents (1)  $-   $705,958 
Compensation and related taxes (2)   306,709    181,337 
Consulting fees (3)   -    (140,021)
Professional fees (4)   -    108 
Other general and administrative (5)   -    1,480 
Total  $306,709   $748,862 

 

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  (1) Amortization of patents: Amortization expenses were $705,958 during the three months ended March 31, 2017, a decrease of $705,958 or 100%. The decrease results from the expiration of some of the Company’s patents and lower book value associated with remaining patent portfolios following impairment charges taken over the last twelve months to some of the Company’s portfolios. When the Company acquires patents and patent rights, the Company capitalizes the cost of those assets and amortizes those costs over the remaining useful lives of the assets. All patent amortization expenses are non-cash expenses.
     
  (2) Compensation expense and related taxes: Compensation expense includes cash compensation and related payroll taxes and benefits, and non-cash equity compensation expenses. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, compensation expense and related payroll taxes were $413,118 and $1,085,546, an decrease of $672,428 or 62%. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized non-cash employee and board equity-based compensation of $306,709 and $181,337, respectively.
     
  (3) Consulting fees: For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we incurred consulting fees of $38,203 and negative $28,779, respectively, an increase of $66,982 or 233%. Consulting fees include both cash and non-cash related consulting fees primarily for investor relations and public relations services as well as other consulting services. The increase in consulting fees for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily the result of a credit associated with the mark to market of an option grant issued to a consultant, who no longer derives a majority of his compensation from the Company and the Company therefore must mark to market his option grant on a quarterly basis. Given the considerable decline in the Company’s stock price since the issuance of the grant, this resulted in a sizable credit. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we recognized non-cash equity-based consulting fees of negative $140,021.
     
  (4) Professional fees: For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, professional fees were $804,286 and $425,686, respectively, an increase of $378,600 or 89%. Professional fees primarily reflect the costs of professional outside accounting fees, legal fees and audit fees.
     
  (5) Other general and administrative expenses: For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, other general and administrative expenses were $563,716 and $247,652, respectively, an increase of $316,064 or 128%. General and administrative expenses reflect the other non-categorized operating costs of the Company and include expenses related to being a public company, rent, insurance, technology and other expenses incurred to support the operations of the Company.

 

Operating Loss

 

We reported operating loss from continuing operations of $1,858,132 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and operating loss of $2,809,688, for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

Other Expenses

 

Total other expenses was $544,688 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and $867,594 for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

Net Loss Available to Common Shareholders

 

We reported net loss of $2,402,820 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and net loss of $3,606,646 for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that it will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business.

 

As reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company had and accumulated deficit of approximately $91.7 million at March 31, 2018, a net loss of approximately $2.4 million and approximately $3.7 million net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

Liquidity is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. At March 31, 2018, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents balances totaled $5,367,963 compared to $14,948,529 at December 31, 2017.

 

Net working capital decreased by $5,728,404 to $1,649,706 at March 31, 2018 from $7,378,110 at December 31, 2017.

 

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Cash used in operating activities was $3,650,422 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and cash used in operating activities of $4,668,501 during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

Cash used in investing activities was $6,050,629 during the three months need March 31, 2018 and cash used in in investing activities of $2,097 for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

Cash provided by financing activities was $120,470 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to cash provided by financing activities in the amount of $167,292 during the three months ended March 31, 2017. Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 resulted from proceeds from the sale of common stock issued pursuant to an ATM offering, offset by payments made for the acquisition of patents and other intangible assets.

 

Based on our current revenue and profit projections, we are uncertain that our existing cash will be sufficient to fund its operations through at least the next twelve months, raising substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue operating as a going concern. If we do not meet our revenue and profit projections or the business climate turns negative, then we will need to:

 

  raise additional funds to support our operations; provided, however, there is no assurance that we will be able to raise such additional funds on acceptable terms, if at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing securities, existing stockholders may be diluted; and
     
  review strategic alternatives.

 

If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to curtail our operations or other business activities or obtain funds through arrangements with strategic partners or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain technologies or potential markets.

 

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have not entered into any other financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as stockholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated condensed financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

 

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our management is also required to assess and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2018. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework in the 2013 COSO framework. Based on this assessment, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.

 

Due to our size and nature, segregation of all conflicting duties may not always be possible and may not be economically feasible. However, to the extent possible, we will implement procedures to assure that the initiation of transactions, the custody of assets and the recording of transactions will be performed by separate individuals.

 

We believe that the foregoing steps if implemented, will help remediate the material weakness identified above, and we will continue to monitor the effectiveness of these steps and make any changes that our management deems appropriate. Due to the nature of this material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, there is more than a remote likelihood that misstatements which could be material to our annual or interim financial statements could occur that would not be prevented or detected.

 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting that is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those responsible for oversight of the company’s financial reporting.

 

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

 

Changes in Internal Controls.

 

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

 

In the normal course of our business of patent monetization, it is generally necessary for us to initiate litigation in order to commence the process of protecting our patent rights. Such litigation is expected to lead to a monetization event. Accordingly, we are, and in the future, expect to become, a party to ongoing patent enforcement related litigation alleging infringement by various third parties of certain patented technologies owned and/or controlled by us. Litigation is commenced by and managed through the subsidiary that owns the related portfolio of patents or patent rights. In connection with our enforcement activities, we are currently involved in multiple patent infringement cases. As of March 31, 2018, the Company is involved into a total of 5 lawsuits against defendants in the following jurisdictions:

 

United States        
District of Delaware     5  

 

Marathon Patent Group, Inc. and Clouding Corp. are currently defendants in a lawsuit captioned as Symantec Corporation v. IP Navigation Group, LLC; Clouding IP, LLC, et al., Los Angeles County Superior Court, Case No.: BC640931. Symantec alleges the following causes of action against Marathon and Clouding in the First Amended Complaint: fraudulent misrepresentation; interference with contractual relations; violation of Business and Professions Code section 17200, et seq.; and accounting. A Post Mediation Status Conference is scheduled for January 24, 2018 (although the parties have not discussed mediation or any other form of alternative dispute resolution). A Final Status Conference is scheduled for March 16, 2018. Trial of the matter is scheduled to commence on March 26, 2018.

 

Marathon Patent Group, Inc., Doug Croxall and Francis Knuettel II are currently defendants in a lawsuit captioned as Jeffrey Feinberg v. Marathon Patent Group, Inc., Doug Croxall, Francis Knuettel II and Does 1-10, inclusive, Los Angeles County Superior Court, Case No.: BC673128. Mr. Feinberg alleges the following causes of action against Marathon, Doug Croxall and Francis Knuettel II: violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act; violation of Section 12(a)(2) of the Securities Act; violation of Section 15 of the Securities Act; fraud and fraudulent concealment; constructive fraud; and negligent misrepresentation. On November 9, 2017, Mr. Feinberg filed a request for dismissal.

 

Other than as disclosed herein, we know of no other material, active or pending legal proceedings against us, nor are we involved as a plaintiff in any material proceedings or pending litigation other than in the normal course of business.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

 

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

 

None.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

 

None.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5. Other Information.

 

Effective June 1, 2018, the Company will be renting its corporate office at 1180 North Town Center Drive, Suite 100, Las Vegas, Nevada 89144, on a month to month basis. The monthly rent is $1,907. A security deposit of $3,815 has been paid. This will be the Company’s executive offices effective June 1, 2018.

 

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Item 6. Exhibits.

 

31.1   Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
31.2   Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
32.1   Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
32.2   Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
101.ins   XBRL Instance Document**
101.sch   XBRL Taxonomy Schema Document**
101.cal   XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Document**
101.def   XBRL Taxonomy Linkbase Document**
101.lab   XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document**
101.pre   XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document**

 

* Furnished herewith

** Filed herein

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: May 18, 2018

 

  MARATHON PATENT GROUP, INC.
     
  By: /s/ Merrick Okamoto
    Name: Merrick Okamoto
    Title: Interim Chief Executive Officer
    (Principal Executive Officer)
     
  By: /s/ David Lieberman
    Name: David Lieberman
    Title: Chief Financial Officer and Director
    (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

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