Maxar Technologies Inc. - Annual Report: 2020 (Form 10-K)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 10-K

Commission file number: 001-38228

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Maxar Technologies Inc.

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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:

None

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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ⌧  No ☐

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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ◻ No ⌧

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections.

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ⌧ No ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ⌧ No ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”, and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐ No ⌧

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At June 30, 2020, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock, no par value, held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1,090 million (based upon the closing sale price of the common stock on June 30, 2020 on The New York Stock Exchange).

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As of February 17, 2021, there were 61,325,970 shares of the registrant’s common stock, at $0.0001 par value, outstanding, and zero shares of the registrant’s Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, at par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

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Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to its 2021 annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. The 2021 proxy statement will be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates.

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Maxar Technologies Inc.

Annual Report on Form 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

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This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” as defined in Section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements usually relate to future events and anticipated revenues, earnings, cash flows or other aspects of our operations or operating results. Forward-looking statements are often identified by the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “foresee,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “may,” “estimate,” “outlook” and similar expressions, including the negative thereof. The absence of these words, however, does not mean that the statements are not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, beliefs and assumptions concerning future developments and business conditions and their potential effect on us. While management believes that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made, there can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we anticipate.

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All of our forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties (some of which are significant or beyond our control) and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Known material factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward-looking statements include those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We caution you not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any of our forward-looking statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by law.

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Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to the terms “Company,” “Maxar,” “we,” “us,” and “our” to refer collectively to Maxar Technologies Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Financial information and results of operations presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the periods prior to January 1, 2019 relate to Maxar Technologies Ltd., our predecessor, and relate to Maxar Technologies Inc. after January 1, 2019.

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS

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Maxar is a partner and innovator in Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure. Maxar delivers value to government and commercial customers to help them monitor, understand and navigate our changing planet; deliver global broadband communications; and explore and advance the use of space. Our approach combines decades of deep mission understanding and a proven commercial and defense foundation to deploy solutions and deliver insights with speed, scale and cost effectiveness. Maxar’s stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange and Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “MAXR.”

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Segments

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Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) measures performance of our reportable segments based on revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. Our operating and reportable segments are: Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure. On April 8, 2020, the Company completed the sale of the MDA Business for an aggregate purchase price of $729 million (C$1.0 billion) (“MDA Transaction”). With the closing of the MDA Transaction, the MDA segment has been classified within Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and is no longer considered a reportable segment. All prior-period amounts have been adjusted to reflect the reportable segment change.

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We serve our customers and organize our businesses through the following two reportable segments:

The following is a description of our reportable segments. As part of the description, we include a discussion on some of the segment’s notable announcements and achievements in 2020.

Earth Intelligence

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In the Earth Intelligence segment, we are a global leader in high resolution space-based Earth observation imagery products and analytics. We launched the world’s first high resolution commercial imaging satellite in 1999 and currently operate a four-satellite imaging constellation, providing us with 20 years and 125 petabytes of imagery over our history (referred to as our “ImageLibrary”) of the highest-resolution, commercially available imagery. Our imagery solutions provide customers with timely, accurate and mission-critical information about our changing planet and support a wide variety of government and commercial applications, including mission planning, mapping and analysis, environmental monitoring, disaster management, crop management, oil and gas exploration and infrastructure management. Our principal customers in the Earth Intelligence segment are U.S. and international government agencies (primarily defense and intelligence agencies), as well as a wide variety of commercial customers in multiple markets. We are a market leader in the commercial satellite Earth observation industry.

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We also provide geospatial services that combine imagery, analytic expertise and innovative technology to deliver intelligence solutions to customers. Our cleared developers, analysts and data scientists provide analytic solutions that accurately document change and enable geospatial modeling and analysis. Our primary customer of geospatial services is the U.S. government, but we also support intelligence requirements for other U.S. allied governments, global development organizations and commercial customers.

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On July 1, 2020, the Company closed the acquisition of Vricon, Inc. (“Vricon”) by purchasing the remaining 50% ownership interest in Vricon (“Vricon Acquisition”), which was previously structured as a joint venture. Vricon is a global leader in satellite-derived 3D data for defense and intelligence markets, with software and products that enhance

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3D mapping, Earth intelligence data, military simulation and training and precision-guided munitions. Vricon was formed as a joint venture between Maxar and Saab AB in 2015 to combine patented Saab AB Intellectual Property with our commercial satellite imagery to build highly accurate, immersive 3D products at scale. The results of Vricon are now consolidated within the Earth Intelligence segment.

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Customers can license our imagery and data archives or place custom orders to task our satellites for a specific area of interest. We process our imagery to varying levels according to our customers’ specifications and deliver our products using the distribution methods and subscription services that best suits our customers’ needs. We offer a number of imagery products, including:

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We also provide certain customers the ability to directly task and receive imagery from our satellites within local and regional geographic boundaries of interest through our Direct Access Program (“DAP”). We sell these customers ground system infrastructure, enabling them to download and process imagery directly from our satellites and access to our satellite and maintenance services. The DAP is designed to meet the enhanced information and operational security needs of a select number of international defense and intelligence customers and certain commercial customers. Our Rapid Access Program offers customers access to our satellite constellation, while we own and manage the ground infrastructure.

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We provide advanced geospatial information, applications and analytic services to national security and commercial customers through our imagery and other sources of geospatial data such as low-resolution satellite imagery, radar, weather and oceanographic data, elevation and social media. We deploy these services through various platforms, including Amazon Web Services. Our intellectual property portfolio, including U.S. and foreign patents, and Small Business Innovation Research (“SBIR”) Phase III data rights supports the unique technology we provide to our customers.

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As of December 31, 2020, we operated a constellation of four in orbit and fully commissioned satellites: GeoEye-1, WorldView-1, WorldView-2 and WorldView-3. Our annual collection capacity is approximately 1.4 billion square kilometers. We have collected, and have available for use, approximately 125 petabytes in our ImageLibrary.

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The following table summarizes the primary characteristics of the in-orbit and fully-commissioned satellites in our constellation as of December 31, 2020:

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Our satellites have advanced technical capabilities, such as size of collection area, collection speed, revisit time, resolution, accuracy and spectral diversity.

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We procure insurance to protect us from the risks associated with our satellite operations, including the partial or total impairment of the functional capacity of the satellite. We insure satellites in our constellation to the extent that insurance is available at acceptable premiums. As of December 31, 2020, we maintained the following insurance coverage on our in-orbit and fully-commissioned satellite constellation:

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During 2020, we announced the signing of multiple contracts with the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (“NGA”) to deliver land cover classification and change detection services through a combination of the Janus Geography program and the General Services Administration’s IT Schedule 70. In the second quarter of 2020, we announced that we were selected by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) to develop an analytics system for characterizing and tracking the behavior of vehicles in multiple domains at scale and in near-real-time. We also announced the renewal of four contracts and expansion of a fifth contract in the second quarter of 2020—together valued at more than $120 million—with international defense and intelligence customers for uninterrupted access to our current satellite constellation. During the third quarter of 2020, we also received the annual exercise of the $300 million EnhancedView Contract (as defined below) option. Additionally, we announced that we have been selected by the U.S. Army Geospatial Center to deliver multiple highly portable, direct-downlink tactical ground systems, called the U.S. Army Remote Ground Terminal, that provide critical geospatial intelligence to users in remote locations. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we announced that we were selected by the U.S. Space Force to develop prototype mission data processing applications for the Future Operationally Resilient Ground Evolution Mission Data Processing (“FORGE

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MDP”) program located within the Cross-Mission Ground & Communications Enterprise at the Space & Missile Systems Center. Lastly, we were awarded a $39 million award for Phase 2 of the U.S. Army’s One World Terrain (“OWT”) prototype which utilizes our 3D and elevation products.

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Our major existing and potential competitors for our Earth Intelligence business include commercial satellite imagery companies, state-owned imagery providers, aerial imagery companies, free sources of imagery, unmanned aerial vehicles and companies that provide geospatial analytic information and services to the U.S. government, including defense prime contractors.

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We compete on the basis of the technical capabilities of our satellites, such as size of collection area, collection speed, revisit time, resolution, accuracy and spectral diversity; satellite availability for tasked orders; the size, comprehensiveness and relevance of our ImageLibrary; distribution platform and tools that enable customers to easily access and integrate imagery; value-added services, including advanced imagery production and analysis; timeliness and ready availability of imagery products and services that can be deployed quickly and cost-effectively; and price.

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Space Infrastructure

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In the Space Infrastructure segment, we design, build, integrate and test solutions for space-based communications satellites, Earth observation, on-orbit servicing, robotic assembly and space exploration. We address a broad spectrum of needs for our customers, including mission systems engineering, product design, spacecraft manufacturing, assembly, integration and testing. We provide advanced, reliable and affordable spacecraft that enable our commercial customers to deliver valuable global services. We are successfully partnering with the U.S. government in new space opportunities leveraging our high-performance spacecraft subsystems. Our principal customers in the Space Infrastructure segment are commercial satellite operators and government agencies worldwide.

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We have built and launched more than 285 spacecrafts with a combined approximate 2,750 years of on-orbit service. We have more than 30 years of experience in space robotics, having developed all five robotic arms on the Mars landers and rovers.

Our products include:

We have 90 Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (“GEO”) satellites currently in service with 99.9971% availability. Additionally, we have manufactured 26 low Earth orbit (“LEO”) satellites currently in service.

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The Space Infrastructure manufacturing capability of satellite vehicles (commonly referred to as a “satellite bus” or a “bus”) consists of the heritage 1300 bus (which spans a broad capability ranging from 1300 kg to over 6500 kg) and a smaller bus (which spans a range of 500 kg to 1300 kg). The smaller bus involves a new modular architecture with mission-specific subsystems selectable from our wide range of heritage and newly-developed products, including those that will be flown on WorldView Legion and on OverHorizon.

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The 1300 bus has three decades of on-orbit heritage and is highly versatile, serving a wide range of missions, orbits and customers. The 1300 bus is the world’s most popular GEO satellite, designed to accommodate evolutionary technology advances. It was one of the first spacecraft platforms to provide solar electric propulsion, or SEP, and has been used to demonstrate next-generation technologies including Q/V-band, photonics and a payload orbital delivery system, or

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PODS, that brings small free-flying spacecraft to GEO. The largest application class for which the 1300 bus has historically been utilized is commercial geostationary communication satellites and recently as a host for NASA payloads, such as TEMPO (defined below). Our 1300 bus is in use today for a broad range of television distribution services from smaller regional television satellites to the high-capacity, high-power satellites used by direct-to-home television distributors. A more recently emerging and growing application for commercial geostationary communication satellites is the delivery of data-centric applications (such as consumer broadband, in-flight communication, maritime and 4G/5G cellular backhaul) via high-capacity spot beam satellites commonly referred to as “high throughput satellites” (or “HTS”). We introduced the first HTS satellite in 2005, which used the 1300 bus.

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To address the rising demand for smaller satellites and multiple-satellite LEO and medium Earth orbit (“MEO”) constellations used for imaging, sensing and communication applications, we are developing our modular satellite architecture, which will first be used for the next-generation WorldView Legion constellation for our Earth Intelligence business. We believe our modular satellite architecture will be effective for government and commercial applications that require a multiple-satellite constellation of identical satellites produced in a cost-efficient manner.

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Our robotics technologies have been used on the Mars landers and rovers. We work with NASA on projects such as OSAM-1 (formerly Restore-L and the Space Infrastructure Dexterous Robot (“SPIDER”)), which will demonstrate on-orbit servicing, assembly and manufacturing. This technology promises to enable spacecraft that can build and reconfigure themselves on-orbit, advanced space telescopes and other infrastructure that never could have been launched within the confines of existing rocket fairings. As noted above, our robotic technologies also include developing all five robotic arms on the surface of Mars. To achieve further cost-effective scalability across a spectrum of mission applications, we are further developing our modular satellite architecture. We believe this architecture provides cost-effective customization using standard subsystems.

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During 2020, we announced six geostationary communications satellites awarded by Intelsat. Five of these satellites will help Intelsat transition its existing media distribution and contribution services–uninterrupted–from the 3.7 to 4.0 gigahertz portion of the C-band, to the 4.0 to 4.2 gigahertz portion of the band, freeing up spectrum for 5G terrestrial wireless services. In addition to the five C-band satellites Intelsat has ordered from Maxar in 2020 to support their C-band spectrum transition, the company also contracted Maxar to manufacture its next-generation Intelsat 40e geostationary communications satellite. We will integrate NASA’s Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (“TEMPO”) payload with the Intelsat 40e satellite. Expanding our civil space portfolio, we announced in the second quarter of 2020 that we were selected to support Dynetics, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Leidos, in designing and building a Human Landing System for NASA’s Artemis program, for which we are also developing the Power and Propulsion Element for the lunar Gateway. The Perseverance Rover was launched in the third quarter of 2020 and landed on Mars on February 18, 2021. Maxar built Perseverance’s Sample Handling Assembly (“SHA”) robotic arm and camera focus system, and it has more than 30 years of space robotics heritage, including five robotic arms for previous Mars missions.

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Our principal customers in the Space Infrastructure segment are commercial satellite operators and government agencies worldwide.

Our primary competitors for satellite manufacturing contracts are: The Boeing Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation and Northrop Grumman Corporation in the United States; Thales S.A. and Airbus Defence and Space, a subsidiary of the Airbus Group, in Europe; and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation in Japan. We sell in a highly competitive market. In addition, many of our competitors are larger and have greater resources. We may also face competition in the future from emerging low-cost competitors in India, Russia and China.

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Discontinued Operations

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On April 8, 2020, the Company completed the sale of the MDA Business to Neptune Acquisition Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of British Columbia and an affiliate of Northern Private Capital Ltd. (“MDA Purchaser”), for an aggregate purchase price of $729 million (C$1.0 billion) (“MDA Transaction”). The Company recognized an after-tax gain on disposal of discontinued operations of $317 million, net of $12 million in taxes, on the MDA Transaction for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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The MDA Business developed and delivered advanced surveillance and intelligence solutions, defense and maritime systems, radar geospatial imagery, space robotics, satellite antennas and communication subsystems. Subsequent to the MDA Transaction, MDA continues to be a supplier of certain components and subsystems to us.

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Industry Overview

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Large and Growing Addressable Market

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We believe that there is potential for growth among three key components of our addressable market: the U.S. government, other governments and commercial customers. For both the U.S. and other governments, drivers of growth include persistent global security threats, defense budgets, demand for high-quality imagery and value-added services and a focus on space as an investment. We believe that the U.S. government is interested in expanding the use of commercial alternatives to owned assets and that other governments present an opportunity for growth. We seek to align our products and services with the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”)’s National Defense Strategy needs, as well as growing international defense and intelligence demand. For civil customers, in particular NASA, growth is being driven by space exploration programs such as Artemis and Earth science projects. For commercial customers, drivers of growth include strong demand for imagery due to new use cases enabled by artificial intelligence and machine learning, space-based remote sensing, GEO replacement demand and LEO communications programs.

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Diverse Solutions for Diverse End-Markets

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While traditionally spending in space has been dominated by military defense programs and the communications industry, the proliferation of technology and cheaper access to space has led to a diversification in end-market users. Machine learning, artificial intelligence (“AI”) and “big data” have given rise to multiple use cases across industries, such as oil & gas, agriculture, transportation, insurance, finance and non-governmental organizations. Concurrently, geopolitical competition in space as a contested domain is leading to further investment by global militaries. We have evolved with this changing environment to serve a multitude of customers.

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Markets in Which We Operate

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Our Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure segments operate in both the Earth Observation and Satellite Manufacturing markets.

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Earth Observation Market

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The Earth Observation, or EO, market includes the collection and processing of optical and non-optical imagery data of the Earth from space. Specifically, the market is segmented into Data, Value-Added Services (“VAS”), Information Products and Big Data Analytics. The Data segment consists of raw imagery transmitted from the satellite to the ground station and products, such as stereo imaging and basic corrections (radiometric and geometric). VAS includes processing through layering or data fusion (such as traffic information and street names). Finally, Big Data Analytics includes several of the attributes of Information Products and extracts statistical information not apparent in the base data by analyzing a given area over a period while monitoring changes in environments.

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The EO market serves customers in a variety of sectors, including defense & intelligence, energy & natural resources, industrials, managed living resources (such as agriculture and forestry), public authorities, services (such as finance, insurance, news and media) and weather. Providers generally compete on resolution, accuracy, revisit frequency, delivery (cloud versus traditional) and pricing.

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Northern Sky Research forecasts the EO market is entering a period of growth, largely driven by increased demand for Information Products and Big Data Analytics with continued strength in the North American market and government & military end-markets. In their Satellite Based Earth Observation, 12^th Edition report, Northern Sky Research projects that the EO market will grow from $3.4 billion in total revenue in 2019 to $8.1 billion in total revenue in 2029, an expected 9% compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”). Additionally, with the advancement of AI solutions to power EO data analysis, Northern Sky Research projects that Big Data will be the largest driver of growth in the EO market, led initially

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by a focus on defense & intelligence customers, with growing demand for data, solutions and insights. It is increasingly likely that value in the EO market will be driven by downstream services and AI-enabled data analytics.

Satellite Manufacturing Market

The satellite industry has undergone a significant change with the proliferation of LEO satellites. LEO satellites are cheaper to launch, have higher revisit rates enabled by the ability to afford larger constellation sizes and have less latency in their communications. LEO satellites tend to be smaller, with lighter payloads, as operators look to deploy multiple satellites on a given launch vehicle. Also, as space becomes increasingly contested, a shift is expected towards LEO constellations to enhance survivability of the constellation network. On the other hand, GEO satellites cover more area from a higher vantage point and tend to carry more advanced sensor or communication suites as operators generally want to maximize their use of an orbital slot. Due to their greater distance from earth; however, there is increased latency. MEO satellites attempt to blend the benefits of both LEO and GEO satellites. In addition to altitude class, satellites are classified by functions, such as communications or Earth observation.

Euroconsult projects satellite demand will experience a four-fold increase over the next 10 years. While LEO and MEO are expected to account for the majority of the demand, Euroconsult expects an average of 12-13 GEO commercial satellite orders per year over the next 10 years. The total market for manufacturing and launch services is expected to reach $291 billion over the next decade, a 29% increase from the previous decade of $225 billion in revenue.

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LEO proliferation is expected to greatly increase access to space, thus enabling new commercial customers across diversified industries including oil & gas, insurance, agriculture and asset management firms, as well as nonprofit organizations, to benefit from satellite imagery.

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Government Investment in Space Programs

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With more than half of our revenues coming from U.S. government customers, we expect that our Space Infrastructure and Earth Intelligence segments will benefit from growing defense and space infrastructure budgets. The proliferation of space-based intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance and communications is expected to drive increased government investments in the sector through the mid 2020s.

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Global

Euroconsult reports that government space budgets have reached $82.5 billion in 2020, the strongest growth year in over a decade and a 10% increase over 2019 figures.

United States

In the United States, there is a concerted effort by the government to accelerate space investment. According to the Congressional Research Service, the President’s Fiscal Year 2021 budget requested $16.0 billion for the National Security Space (“NSS”). On December 20, 2019, with the enactment of the Fiscal Year 2020 National Defense Authorization Act, the U.S. Space Force (“USSF”) was established. The mission of the USSF is to organize, train and equip space forces in order to protect the U.S. and allied interests in space and to provide space capabilities to the joint force.

The NSS budget generally excludes funding for the NRO and NGA. Specific funding levels for these organizations, which are long-term historical customers, are generally classified. However, the NRO and NGA are included in the funding for the National Intelligence Program (“NIP”). The aggregate funding for the NIP was $59.4 billion in FY 2018, $60.2 billion in FY 2019 and $62.7 billion in FY 2020. The NIP funding request for FY 2021 is $61.9 billion. Additionally, the aggregate funding for the Military Intelligence Program (“MIP”) was $22.1 billion in FY 2018, $21.5 billion in FY 2019 and $23.1 billion in FY 2020. The MIP funding request for FY 2021 is $23.1 billion.

Furthermore, Congress appropriated $23.3 billion for NASA in FY 2021, an increase of 3% from FY 2020. The NASA budget further highlights an effort by the government to invest in space exploration and development, with $7.7 billion

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of the total allocated for deep space exploration systems and exploration technology. These include the key components of OSAM-1 and the Artemis program that will send astronauts to the Moon and beyond, including the Lunar Gateway and Human Landing System.

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Growth Strategy

Our vision is to hold market leading positions in each of the markets we serve. We aim to achieve this by applying innovative technologies and capabilities that provide value to our customers across their entire value chain, including components, subsystems, systems, data and services. Specific elements of our strategy across our two segments include:

Earth Intelligence

Driving revenue growth through improvements in our products—we seek to improve our Earth intelligence products with WorldView Legion by productizing technologies and derivative content developed in support of individual customer contracts, such as using more artificial intelligence and machine learning to extract features, detect objects and detect change in our satellite imagery and complementary content. WorldView Legion will be a fleet of six high performing satellites for which our Space Infrastructure segment is acting as prime contractor. With a first launch planned in the second half of 2021, we expect that WorldView Legion, in addition to our current constellation, will revisit rapidly changing areas more than 15 times per day, an increase from four times per day currently, which more than triples both our capacity to collect 30 cm imagery and our overall capacity in high-demand areas. The revisit rate and increase in capacity enables a clearer understanding of on-ground conditions, allowing for more real-time, actionable analysis to deliver insights on rapidly changing environments and populations, while providing for more frequent monitoring for defense and intelligence applications, enhanced emergency responsiveness and maritime surveillance, among other applications. WorldView Legion is planned to be compatible with our global infrastructure and access programs. We believe we provide imagery with five times the information content (tied to resolution) of our nearest competitor and over ten times the information content. Additionally ,we believe we provide imagery with better than three times the accuracy of the nearest smallsat competitor, and we believe that multiple is even greater in areas where we have leveraged our 3D and elevation capabilities. We believe we will be able to provide even greater quality imagery and with higher revisit rates upon deployment of our WorldView Legion constellation. We have developed technology used to enhance the quality and usability of imagery (e.g. eliminate atmospheric distortions, increase positional accuracy, improved interpretability, etc.), create information derivatives (e.g. road vectors, material types, land classification, etc.), fuse multiple types of content (internet of things, optical imagery, synthetic aperture radar imagery, vectors, social media, etc.), detect change, determine meaningful correlations between events and information in content analyzed, determine and model patterns of life and other geospatial processing technologies.  We believe that creating standard products using this technology will grow our product-based revenue with customers in the technology, defense and intelligence, civil government and global development organization sectors.

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Expanding our relationship with the U.S. government—the U.S. government is the largest customer of our Earth Intelligence segment through the EnhancedView Follow-On (the “EnhancedView Contract”), Global-EGD and One World Terrain programs and various classified and unclassified contract vehicles. Demand for geospatial intelligence and services continues to grow given the geopolitical environment and the confluence of high-performance computing and machine learning algorithms that allow for insight to be extracted from ever greater levels of data being produced by EO sensors and national and commercial satellite assets. The U.S. government has expressed interest in increasingly relying on commercial partners to harness the rapid pace of commercial innovation more effectively, including the continued use of geospatial data given cost affordability and advances in technology that provide high quality imagery. We seek to grow our business with the U.S. government by leveraging the investments we have made across our capability set, including in machine learning and AI, and our strong record of historic performance.

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Growing our installed base and penetration of international defense and intelligence customers—we currently provide service to U.S.-allied nations through our DAP, Rapid Access and SecureWatch products. These customers use our imagery in their civil and intelligence related missions. Our imagery and services are either complimentary to national assets owned by these countries, or in some cases defer the need for a country to own and operate national assets. We believe there are many prospective customers that have both the mission need and budget for our services which we seek to add to our installed base. We also seek to further penetrate existing customers through the provision of

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additional data and services. Lastly, we believe there are opportunities to provide our services to U.S.-allied nations who might seek a complement to national capabilities in geospatial analytics. Our strategy focuses on those countries that currently have deep and long-standing relationships with our Earth Intelligence segment and other close U.S. allies.

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Growing with and expanding our installed base among commercial customers—we have over 400 commercial customers that use our data in their products and applications across a variety of industries including technology, telecom, transportation, mining and oil and gas. The confluence of high-performance computing and machine learning algorithms are allowing for insights to be extracted from ever greater levels of data, which in turn is driving innovation across our customer base. We expect this trend to continue, and we seek to grow with our existing customers as well as to grow our installed base by leveraging our market leading imagery capabilities. Furthermore, we believe our capabilities in machine learning, AI and products that allow greater insights to be more easily extracted from large amounts of geospatial data will position us to sell additional solutions and services to our commercial customers.

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Providing products based on machine learning and artificial intelligence—we are developing our capabilities in machine learning and AI to extract greater insight from the geospatial data available to us and our customers. The most capable algorithms rely on expertise in machine learning and AI, as well as large volumes of data, both of which we have. We are also working on the productization of our capability set across geospatial analytics and services to facilitate the penetration of the U.S. government, international government and commercial markets. As part of this effort we are also integrating our products and capabilities into customer systems, serving key, highly time-dominant missions at the tactical edge.

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Delivering 3D products to global defense, intelligence and commercial customers – through Vricon, we are expanding the market demand for global scale 3D products. 3D products allow decision makers to understand their operational environment in 3D – developing new insights that enable them to make better, faster decisions. We see a growing opportunity to sell 3D data and software products to the military and intelligence community to support virtual training environments and provide better information to the warfighter. U.S. defense and intelligence customers are seeking solutions to support intelligence fusion, maneuver and other mission requirements. We also see significant opportunity with our commercial customers as they look for more accurate geodata to improve their products. Additionally, we recently entered into license arrangements related to certain consumer applications. The current investment in 5G networks and Internet of Things provides a unique opportunity to deliver network operators a better data solution to improve their future networks. Additional use cases continue to grow as 3D products and precision data sets become better understood.

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Space Infrastructure

Driving revenue through improvement in our products and manufacturing and program capabilities— we are developing differentiated capabilities that are designed for future space exploration, including propulsion, power and robotics. We believe these elements will be critical to helping our customers operate in an increasingly contested space environment and in achieving successful space exploration missions. We are also developing our satellite architectures and manufacturing capabilities to assure that we can successfully fulfill both government and commercial customer requirements on future programs, including high volume / low mix and variable volume / high mix programs. We plan to team with providers of digital payload technology to enhance our offering if our customers express interest in it. We are also developing relationships across the supply chain to assure that we can seamlessly provide a broad-breadth of mission sets to our customers. Finally, we are working to transform our operations (e.g. location strategy, workforce shaping, technology and systems investment and CAS / FAR compliance) so that we can address a larger set of opportunities across our government and commercial customers.

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Growing our U.S. and international civil exposure—we have a long history with civil space programs dating back to the Apollo missions. Current NASA programs include the Power Propulsion Element for the Lunar Gateway, OSAM-1 and Psyche TEMPO. We have also provided every robotic arm on NASA’s Mars rovers. We seek to leverage our investments and expertise in propulsion, power and robotics, as well as our strong legacy of performance, when pursuing further civil work in the U.S. and abroad.

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Deepening our penetration of U.S. national programs—to date, we have won several classified and unclassified study contracts with U.S. defense and intelligence customers. We seek to further penetrate these markets by utilizing our flexible satellite architectures, design and engineering capabilities and commercial business practices—all of which we believe can create compelling value propositions.

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Providing flexible platforms to our commercial customers—we currently provide components, subsystems and system architectures to our customers for communications and EO satellites in LEO, MEO and GEO orbits. In communications, we offer flexible platforms across various architecture platforms and mission payloads from standard analog to high throughput, and we are investing in digital solutions. In EO, we also offer flexible solutions across various architecture platforms and mission payloads, including electro-optic. Our goal is to be positioned well to compete for future single satellite or full constellation build orders from our customers, across a wide range of the architectures, payloads or Earth orbit chosen to fulfill mission requirements.

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Government Contracts and Regulations

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Our operations are heavily regulated under various federal, state, local and international laws. Our operations in the U.S. government market are subject to significant government regulation. We contract with numerous U.S. government agencies and entities, including branches of the U.S. military and NASA. We must comply with, and are affected by, laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration and performance of U.S. government and other governments’ contracts, including foreign governments. Additional information about the risks relating to government contracts and regulations appears in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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U.S. Government Contracts

All of our reportable segments have contracts with various governmental entities, which are concentrated in a small number of primary contracts. The U.S. government may terminate or suspend our contracts, including the EnhancedView Contract with the U.S. government in our Earth Intelligence segment, at any time with or without cause. Additionally, any changes in the size, scope or term of the EnhancedView Contract could impact our satellite replenishment strategy and our ability to repay or refinance our long-term debt. Although our U.S. government contracts generally involve fixed annual minimum commitments, such commitments, along with all other contracts with the U.S. government, are subject to annual Congressional appropriations and the federal budget process, and as a result, the U.S. government may not continue to fund these contracts at current or anticipated levels.

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Foreign and Domestic Operations

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In the year ended December 31, 2020, approximately 18% of our revenue was derived from non-U.S. sales, and we intend to continue to pursue international contracts. International operations are subject to certain risks, such as: changes in domestic and foreign governmental regulations and licensing requirements; changes in relations between the U.S. and a particular foreign country; increases in tariffs and taxes and other trade barriers; foreign currency fluctuations; changes in political and economic stability; effects of austerity programs or similar significant budget reduction programs; potential preferences by prospective customers to purchase from local (non-U.S.) sources; and difficulties in obtaining or enforcing judgments in foreign jurisdictions.

In addition, our international contracts may include industrial cooperation agreements requiring specific in-country purchases, investments, manufacturing agreements or other financial obligations, known as offset obligations, and provide for penalties in the event we fail to meet such requirements.

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Environmental Regulations

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Our operations are regulated under various federal, state, local and international laws governing the environment, including laws governing the discharge of pollutants into the soil, air and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We have infrastructure in place to ensure that our operations are in compliance with all applicable environmental regulations. We do not believe that the costs of compliance with these laws and regulations will have a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, operating

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results or competitive position. The imposition of more stringent standards or requirements under environmental laws or regulations or a determination that we are responsible for the release of hazardous substances at our sites could result in expenditures in excess of amounts currently estimated to be required for such matters. We have been designated, along with numerous other companies, as a potentially responsible party for the clean-up of several hazardous waste sites. Based on available information, we do not believe that any costs incurred in connection with such sites will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, capital expenditures or competitive position. There can be no assurance that additional environmental matters will not arise in the future, or that costs will not be incurred with respect to sites at which no problem is currently known.

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Resources

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Intellectual Property

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We own a substantial intellectual property portfolio that includes many U.S. and foreign patents, as well as many U.S. and international trademarks, service marks, domain names and copyrights. We actively pursue internal development of intellectual property. In addition to our patent portfolio, we own other intellectual property such as unpatented trade secrets, know-how, data and software. Additionally, we rely on licenses of certain intellectual property to conduct our business operations, including certain proprietary rights to and from third parties. While our intellectual property rights in the aggregate are important to our operations, we do not believe that any particular trade secret, patent, trademark, copyright, license or other intellectual property right is of such importance that its loss, expiration or termination would have a material effect on our business.

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Raw Materials

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Our businesses are generally engaged in limited manufacturing activities and have minimal exposure to fluctuations in the supply of raw materials. For those businesses that manufacture and sell products and systems, most of the value that we provide is labor oriented, such as design, engineering, assembly and test activities. In manufacturing our products, we use our own production capabilities as well as a diverse base of third-party suppliers and subcontractors. Certain aspects of our manufacturing activities require relatively scarce raw materials; occasionally, we have experienced difficulty in our ability to procure raw materials, components, sub-assemblies and other supplies required in our manufacturing processes.

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Research and Development

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We have a history of investing in development of technological advancements in our field of aerospace. We have both internally and externally funded research and development projects. Our current and future business is dependent on developing new enhancements and technology that go into our existing and future products and services. Our annual research and development expenses from continuing operations were $15 million in 2020, $10 million in 2019 and $88 million in 2018. We intend to continue our focus on research and development and product and service enhancements as a key strategy for innovation and growth. One of our current areas of focus is our development of the WorldView Legion program, a capital project, and other new offerings within our Earth Intelligence segment, including 3D technology through our acquisition of Vricon. Our efforts will continue to be directed into fields that we believe offer the greatest opportunities for long-term growth and profitability. 

Backlog

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A summary of our backlog is set forth in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Backlog” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Seasonality

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We have not historically experienced material seasonality in our businesses.

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Financial and Other Business Information

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See Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for financial information, including revenues and earnings from operations, for each of our reportable segments.

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Human Capital

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We endeavor to cultivate a positive experience as we deliver on Maxar and customer missions by attracting, growing and engaging current and future Maxar team members; creating strong partnerships across the business; championing culture and fostering an inclusive and diverse environment; and impacting the broader community. We take great pride in our values:

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Behind the words are leaders, managers and team members who believe in our values and live by them. As of December 31, 2020, we employed 4,300 team members globally. 97% are U.S. based and 3% are international. Within the U.S. no team members are unionized, while in Europe a small number of team members are represented by a trade union. Additionally, Maxar employs a highly technical workforce, with 78% of our employees working in engineering or operations functions, and the remainder in our sales and general and administrative functions.

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Attracting Talent

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The success of Maxar’s business depends largely on our ability to attract, grow and engage a diverse population of talented technical and skilled team members at all levels. To succeed in highly competitive labor markets, and for skill sets that are scarce in the market, we have developed talent acquisition, team member engagement and total rewards strategies, to achieve and maintain a competitive position.

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Total Rewards

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Our rewards programs are designed to provide for competitive pay and benefits to all levels of team members.

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We strive to offer comprehensive benefits at a highly competitive cost-share to US team members, including health insurance, direct access round-the-clock access to doctors virtually and on-site, paid and unpaid leave, parental leave for all new parents for birth or adoption, retirement, life and disability programs, voluntary benefit options flexible to individual team member and family needs, tuition reimbursement, adoption reimbursement, pet insurance and enhanced mental and emotional health support.

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In order to encourage our Value “We Act Like Owners”, we offer an Employee Stock Purchase Plan with a discount for team members in countries where it is practical to offer the program. We also offer short- and long-term incentive programs to eligible team members.

Outside of the U.S., we provide benefits, retirement and time-off in countries where we have a meaningful population of team members, designed based upon, among other things, market-specific practices and culture alignment.

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Engaging Talent

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In order to more fully engage team members and understand their needs, we regularly seek team member feedback by conducting anonymous pulse surveys on a variety of topics, including strategy, understanding leadership effectiveness, communications clarity and other areas for improvements. In 2020 we had a specific focus on our company response to the COVID-19 pandemic and how team members were faring. For both ongoing and targeted pulse surveys the results

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are shared with leaders and team members, and our executive team analyzes areas for future focus and prioritization in response to the feedback to drive meaningful improvement in team member engagement.

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We have identified certain human capital focus areas to promote engagement of team members, including providing competitive wages and benefits, providing opportunities for individual and leader development and promoting an inclusive work environment.

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Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging (DIB)

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Our DIB efforts are led by a council of senior executives, and supported by diverse teams across the Company, supported by our Human Resources organization. We believe that our greatest strength comes from our team members. Through building a work environment where our team members feel respected and included, we unlock great potential, innovation and success. We are passionate and committed to creating an inclusive workplace that promotes and values diversity and belonging, not just because it is the right thing to do, but because we believe it makes Maxar stronger. “We Stay Curious” and focus on this journey where everyone can be their authentic self and do their best work.

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COVID-19 Response

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Team member health and safety is core to our successful operations across all areas of our business including manufacturing and satellite operations environments and our work at customer sites. The Company has taken significant actions in 2020 to address risk factors associated with COVID-19 and business continuity:

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We have adopted a significant structure and approach to guide future decisions when evaluating the status and readiness of facilities to reopen to more team members, and we will monitor and audit our locations and team member status to ensure we continue to operate safely for all stakeholders.

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Available Information

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Our website can be accessed at http://www.maxar.com. The website contains information about us and our operations. Through a link on the Investor Relations section of our website, copies of our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including any Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed on behalf of directors and executive officers and amendments to each of those reports and statements can be viewed and downloaded free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports have been filed or furnished with the SEC. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference and is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, our reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed with the SEC are available on the SEC’s website at

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http://www.sec.gov or at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information regarding the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed can also be found under our SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com.

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We operate in a changing global environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, prospects, results of operations and cash flows. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Risk Factors Summary

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Below is a summary of the principal risk factors that could adversely affect our business. This summary does not address all the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, and other risks, can be found after this summary in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Risks Related to Our Business

We are unable to predict the extent to which the global COVID-19 pandemic may adversely impact our business operations, financial performance, results of operations and stock price.

The COVID-19 outbreak, declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, has surfaced in nearly all regions of the world. Preventative measures taken to contain or mitigate the outbreak have affected, and continue to affect, the global economy, the U.S. economy and the global financial markets causing significant volatility, including the market price of our common stock, and have raised the prospect of an extended global recession. Public health problems resulting from COVID-19 and precautionary measures instituted by governments and businesses to mitigate its spread, including travel restrictions and quarantines, have resulted in a general slowdown in the global economy, the effects of which have adversely impacted our business and the businesses of our customers, including the U.S. and foreign governments, and suppliers.

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Our supply chain is under stress inside and outside of the U.S., and we continue to monitor and assess the actual and potential COVID-19 or related force majeure impacts on the supply chain, our operations and customer commitments. There is a risk that these schedule delays could result in obligations for material liquidated damages owed to our customers.

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Our customers have been, and may continue to be, affected by COVID-19 and the business slowdown caused by preventative measures, which has resulted in a variation in the consumption of access minutes; however, this could be more significant in the future, which could negatively impact revenue. Additionally, to the extent our international customers are dependent on oil prices or experience political disruption as a result of increased economic pressure, their funding for our products and services could be materially impacted. We believe that COVID-19 represents a force majeure event and as such, we have notified certain customers that we will be exercising our contractual legal rights given the uncertain nature of the current pandemic and its near and long-term impacts on the cost and schedule of the numerous programs in our existing backlog. Additionally, our customers may slow down their development of new projects or may be in financial difficulties impacting their ability to fund projects already in backlog.

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We are both receiving and seeking reimbursement of COVID-19-related costs under our U.S. Government contracts under Section 3610 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), which allows federal agencies to reimburse contractors at the minimum applicable contract billing rate for costs to keep its employees or subcontractors in a ready state. Reimbursement of any costs under Section 3610 of the CARES Act increases sales, but is not fee bearing. On December 27, the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 was enacted which extended Section 3610 of the CARES Act through March 31, 2021.

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Changes in our operations in response to COVID-19 or employee illnesses resulting from the pandemic may result in inefficiencies or delays of our projects, impacts to service level contracts, including in sales and product development efforts and additional costs related to business continuity initiatives, that cannot be fully mitigated through succession planning or employees working remotely.

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We cannot predict the degree to which, or the time period that, global economic conditions and our sales and operations will continue to be affected by this outbreak and the resulting preventative measures. We also cannot predict the degree to which the disruption of global financial markets could have a negative impact on our ability to raise capital in the future. The long-term impacts of COVID-19 on government budgets and funding priorities that impact demand for our

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products and services are difficult to predict. As a result, the effects on our business, sales, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be material.

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The future revenue and operating results of the Space Infrastructure segment are dependent on our ability to generate a sustainable order rate for the satellite and space manufacturing operations and develop new technologies to meet the needs of our customers or potential new customers.

The Space Infrastructure segment’s financial performance is dependent on its ability to generate a sustainable order rate for its satellite and space manufacturing operations. This can be challenging and may fluctuate on an annual basis as the number of satellite construction contracts awarded varies and in 2018 there was a substantial step down in the total number and dollar value of geostationary communication satellite contracts awarded compared to such historical averages prior to 2015. Many satellite operators in the communications industry have continued to defer new satellite construction awards to evaluate geostationary and other competing satellite system architectures and other market factors. If we are unable to win new awards or execute existing contracts as expected, our business, results of operations and financial position could be further adversely affected.

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The cyclical nature of the commercial satellite market could negatively impact our ability to accurately forecast customer demand. The markets that we serve may not grow in the future and we may not be able to maintain adequate gross margins or profits in these markets. Specifically, sales of the 1300 bus have historically been important to our results and there is no assurance that this market will continue to grow or demand levels will increase, nor is there assurance that the market for the smaller bus, which spans a range from 500kg to 1300kg, will offset any decreases in the market for the 1300 bus or provide future growth. Our growth is dependent on the growth in the sales of services provided by our customers, our customers’ ability to anticipate market trends and our ability to anticipate changes in the businesses of our customers and to successfully identify and enter new markets. If we fail to anticipate such changes in demand, our business, results of operations and financial position could be adversely affected.

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On January 1, 2019, we completed a reorganization of our corporate structure pursuant to which we directly acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Maxar Technologies Ltd. (“Maxar Canada”) and we replaced Maxar Canada as the publicly-held parent company of the Maxar group (“U.S. Domestication”). As part of our U.S. Domestication we believe that we will continue to capitalize on projected benefits within the Space Infrastructure segment. These benefits include anticipated growth within our U.S. government customer base as well as diversifying into national and civil missions. The failure to do so may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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The satellite manufacturing industry is driven by continued investment in technologies to meet changing customer demand for complex and reliable services. Our satellite systems embody complex technologies and may not always be compatible with current and evolving technical standards and systems developed by others. Other satellite manufacturers have developed or are developing digital payloads which increase flexibility for geostationary satellites in circumstances with unpredictable demand. We plan to team with providers of this technology to enhance our offering if our customers express interest in it.

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Failure or delays to develop technologies or team with providers to obtain technologies to meet the requisite and evolving industry or user standards could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Failure of suppliers to deliver against end customer requirements could lead to a material adverse effect on our financial results within the Space Infrastructure segment.

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Our business with various governmental entities is subject to the policies, priorities, regulations, mandate and funding levels of such governmental entities and may be negatively or positively impacted by any change thereto.

Changes in government policies, priorities, regulations, use of commercial data providers to meet U.S. government imagery needs, government agency mandates, funding levels through agency budget reductions, the imposition of budgetary constraints or a decline in government support or deferment of funding for programs in which we or our customers participate could result in contract terminations, delays in contract awards, reduction in contract scope, performance penalties or breaches of our contracts, the failure to exercise contract options, the cancellation of planned

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procurements and fewer new business opportunities, all of which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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We are subject to the procurement policies and procedures set forth in the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”). FAR governs all aspects of government contracting, including contractor qualifications and acquisition procedures. The FAR provisions in U.S. government contracts must be complied with in order for the contract to be awarded and provides for audits and reviews of contract procurement, performance and administration. Failure to comply with the provisions of the FAR could result in contract termination.

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In addition, contracts with any government, including the U.S. government, may be terminated or suspended by the government at any time and could result in significant liability obligations for us. We seek to have in place as standard provisions, termination for convenience language which reimburses us for reasonable costs incurred, subcontractor and employee termination and wind-down costs plus a reasonable amount of profit thereon. However, reparations for termination may fall short of the financial benefit associated with full completion and operation of a contract. In addition, we may not be able to procure new contracts to offset the revenue or backlog lost as a result of any termination of government contracts. The loss of one or more large contracts could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Our revenue, results of operations and reputation may be negatively impacted if our programs fail to meet contractual requirements or our products contain defects or fail to operate in the expected manner.

We sell complex and technologically advanced systems, including satellites, products, hardware and software. Sophisticated software, including software developed by us, may contain defects that can unexpectedly interfere with the software’s intended operation. Defects may also occur in components and products that we manufacture or purchase from third parties. Most of the satellites and systems we have developed must function under demanding and unpredictable operating conditions and in harsh and potentially destructive environments. In addition, we may agree to the in-orbit delivery of a satellite, adding further risks to our ability to perform under a contract. Failure to achieve successful in-orbit delivery could result in significant penalties and other obligations on us.

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We employ sophisticated design and testing processes and practices, which include a range of stringent factory and on-site acceptance tests with criteria and requirements that are jointly developed with customers. Our systems may not be successfully implemented, pass required acceptance criteria, or operate or give the desired output, or we may not be able to detect and fix all defects in the satellites, products, hardware and software we sell or resolve any delays or availability issues in the launch services we procure. Failure to do so could result in increased costs, lost revenue and damage to our reputation and may adversely affect our ability to win new contract awards. The Company manufactures satellites with the intention of receiving full contractual value for builds; however, due to the inherent complexity, a number of adverse variables could negatively impact the Company’s ability to collect on the full amount of contractual consideration. Such variables include, among others, schedule delays, including those caused by suppliers or major subcontractors, contractual disputes, failure to meet technological requirements and customer solvency concerns. These variables could lead to termination for convenience or default on our contracts which could have a material adverse effect on our financial results. Historically, we have experienced significant delays in the building of certain satellites. We are currently experiencing a number of schedule delays, some of which are significant, in our satellite builds due to a number of factors, inclusive of COVID-19 delays, subcontractor issues and technological requirements and we are working closely with our customers as we continue to address these delays. We have, where appropriate, asserted force majeure provisions in our contracts but these can be subject to dispute.

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Satellites are subject to construction and launch delays, launch failures, damage or destruction during launch, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.

Delays in the construction of future satellites and the procurement of requisite components and launch vehicles, limited availability of appropriate launch windows, possible delays in obtaining regulatory approvals, satellite damage or destruction during launch, launch failures, or incorrect orbital placement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of, or damage to, a satellite due to a launch failure could result in significant delays in anticipated revenue to be generated by that satellite. Any significant delay in the

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commencement of service of a satellite would delay or potentially permanently reduce the revenue anticipated to be generated by that satellite. In addition, if the loss of a satellite were to occur, we may not be able to accommodate affected customers with our other satellites or data from another source until a replacement satellite is available, and we may not have on hand, or be able to obtain in a timely manner, the necessary funds to cover the cost of any necessary satellite replacement. Any launch delay, launch failure, underperformance, delay or perceived delay could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, business prospects and financial condition.

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If our satellites fail to operate as intended, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The manufacturing, testing, launching and operation of satellites involves complex processes and technology. Our satellites employ advanced technologies and sensors that are exposed to severe environmental stresses in space that have and could affect the performance of our satellite. Hardware component problems in space could lead to deterioration in performance or loss of functionality of a satellite. In addition, human operators may execute improper implementation commands that may negatively impact a satellite’s performance. Exposure of our satellites to an unanticipated catastrophic event, such as a meteor shower or a collision with space debris, could reduce the performance of, or completely destroy, the affected satellite. In December 2018, our WorldView-4 satellite experienced a failure in its control moment gyros, preventing the satellite from collecting imagery.

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We cannot provide assurances that our satellites will continue to operate successfully in space throughout their expected operational lives. Even if a satellite is operated properly, technical flaws in that satellite’s sensors or other technical deficiencies or anomalies could significantly hinder its performance, which could materially affect our ability to collect imagery and market our products and services successfully. While some anomalies are covered by insurance policies, others are not or may not be covered, or may be subject to large deductibles.

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If we suffer a partial or total loss of a deployed satellite, we would need a significant amount of time and would incur substantial expense to replace that satellite. We may experience other problems with our satellites that may reduce their performance. During any period of time in which a satellite is not fully operational, we may lose most or all of the revenue that otherwise would have been derived from that satellite. Our inability to repair or replace a defective satellite or correct any other technical problem in a timely manner could result in a significant loss of revenue. If a satellite experiences a significant anomaly such that it becomes impaired or is no longer functional, it would significantly impact our business, prospects and profitability. Additionally, our review of satellite lives could extend or shorten the depreciable lives of our satellites, which would have an impact on the depreciation we recognize.

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Loss of, or damage to, a satellite and the failure to obtain data or alternate sources of data for our products may have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

In the Earth Intelligence segment, we rely on data collected from a number of sources including data obtained from satellites. We may become unable or limited in our ability to collect such data. For example, satellites can temporarily go out of service and be recovered, or cease to function for reasons beyond our control, including the quality of design and construction, the supply of fuel, the expected gradual environmental degradation of solar panels, the durability of various satellite components and the orbits and space environments in which the satellites are placed and operated. Electrostatic storms, collisions with other objects or actions by malicious actors, including cyber related, could also damage the satellites. Additionally, in certain instances, governments may discontinue for periods of time the access to or operation of a satellite for any particular area on the Earth and for various reasons may not permit transmission of certain data, whether from a satellite owned by the government or not.

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We cannot offer assurances that each of our satellites will remain in operation. Our satellites have certain redundant systems which can fail partially or in their entirety and accordingly satellites may operate for extended periods without all redundant systems in operation, but with single points of failure. The failure of satellite components could cause damage to or loss of the use of a satellite before the end of its expected operational life. Certain of our satellites are nearing the end of their expected operational lives and we expect the performance of each satellite to decline gradually near the end of its expected operational life. We can offer no assurance that our satellites will maintain their prescribed orbits or remain operational and we may not have replacement satellites that are immediately available.

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Interruption or failure of our infrastructure could hurt our ability to effectively perform our daily operations and provide and produce our products and services, which could damage our reputation and harm our operating results.

We are vulnerable to natural disasters and significant disruptions including tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, fires, water shortages, other extreme weather conditions, epidemics or pandemics, acts of terrorism, power shortages and blackouts, aging infrastructures and telecommunications failures. Furthermore, climate change has, and may continue to, increased the rate, size and scope of these natural disasters. In the event of such a natural disaster or other disruption, we could experience: disruptions to our operations or the operations of suppliers, subcontractors, distributors or customers; destruction of facilities; and/or loss of life.

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The availability of many of our products and services depends on the continuing operation of our satellite operations infrastructure, satellite manufacturing operations, information technology and communications systems. Any downtime, damage to or failure of our systems could result in interruptions in our service, which could reduce our revenue and profits. Our systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from floods, fires, power loss, aging infrastructure, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks or other attempts to harm our systems. We do not currently maintain a back-up production facility from which we can continue to collect, process and deliver imagery in the event of the loss of our primary facility. In the event we are unable to collect, process and deliver imagery from our facility, our daily operations and operating results would be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our ground terminal centers are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, aging infrastructure, telecommunications failures and similar events. Our satellite manufacturing operations are located in California in proximity to the San Andreas fault line, one of the longest and most heavily populated earthquake-prone rifts in the world. Our satellite manufacturing facilities are also subject to risks associated with an aging infrastructure. An infrastructure failure could result in the destruction of satellites under construction or inventory, manufacturing delays or additional costs incurred. We do not maintain back-up manufacturing facilities or operations. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in lengthy interruptions in our services and/or damage our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

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Any significant disruption in or unauthorized access to our computer systems or those of third parties that we utilize in our operations, including those relating to cybersecurity or arising from cyber-attacks, could result in a loss or degradation of service, unauthorized disclosure of data, or theft or tampering of intellectual property, any of which could materially adversely impact our business.

Our operations, products, solutions, analysis and intellectual property are inherently at risk of loss, inappropriate access, or tampering by both insider threats and external bad actors. In particular, our operations face various cyber and other security threats, including attempts to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, intellectual property, mission operations and networks. Our systems (internal, customer and partner systems) and assets may also be subject to damage or interruption from natural and other disaster events or disruptions including tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, fires, water shortages, other extreme weather conditions, epidemics or pandemics, acts of terrorism, power shortages and blackouts, aging infrastructures and telecommunications failures. In addition, insider threats, threats to the safety of our directors and employees, threats to the security of our facilities, infrastructure and supply chain and threats from terrorist acts or other acts of aggression could have a material adverse impact on our business.

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Our products, solutions and analysis that we develop and or delivery to our customers are also at risk of disruption, loss, or tampering. The integrity of the data (e.g., pixels), information and analysis in our products and services is at risk to be manipulated either before or after delivery to a customer. Our products with derived information characteristics are also at risk of being incorrect due to deceptive practices by others or errors.

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Our customers and partners (including our supply chain and joint ventures) face similar threats. Customer or partner proprietary, classified, or sensitive information stored on our networks is at risk. Assets and intellectual property and products in customer or partner environments are also inherently at risk. We also have risk where we have access to customer and partner networks and face risks of breach, disruption or loss as well. Our supply chain for products and services also is becoming more diverse and therefore the risk is growing.

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While we have implemented certain systems and processes to help thwart bad actors and protect our data and our systems and assets, the techniques used to gain unauthorized access are constantly evolving, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent all unauthorized access, disruption, loss, or harm. Because of our highly desired intellectual property and our support of the U.S. government and other governments, we (and/or partners we use) may be a particularly attractive target for such attacks by hostile foreign governments. From time to time, we have experienced attacks on our systems from bad actors that, to date, have not had a material adverse effect on our business. We cannot offer assurances, however, that future attacks will not materially adversely affect our business.

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A security event or other significant disruption of our systems, assets, products or solutions could:

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A security event that involves classified or other sensitive government information or certain controlled technical information, could subject us to civil or criminal penalties and could result in loss of our secure facility clearance and other accreditations, loss of our government contracts, loss of access to classified information, loss of export privileges or debarment as a government contractor. The risk that these types of events could seriously harm our business is likely to increase as we expand the number of web-based products and services we offer as well as increase the number of countries within which we do business.

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We are a party to legal proceedings, investigations and other claims or disputes, which are costly to defend and, if determined adversely to us, could require us to pay fines or damages, undertake remedial measures or prevent us from taking certain actions, any of which could adversely affect our business.

We are, and in the future may be, a party to legal proceedings, investigations and other claims or disputes, which may relate to subjects including commercial transactions, intellectual property, securities, employee relations, or compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

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For instance, in January 2019, a Maxar stockholder filed a putative class action lawsuit in the Federal District Court of Colorado, naming Maxar and members of management as defendants alleging, among other things, that our public disclosures were false or misleading in violation of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and seeking monetary damages. An amended consolidated complaint was filed in that case in October 2019. On September 11, 2020, the court granted in part, and denied in part, Maxar’s motion to dismiss. Also, in January 2019, a Maxar stockholder resident in Canada issued a putative class action lawsuit in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against Maxar and members of management claiming misrepresentations in our public disclosures and seeking monetary damages under Canadian securities laws. In November 2019, a second putative class action lawsuit was issued by the same Maxar stockholder resident in Canada, adding a second representative plaintiff and three additional defendants, including Maxar’s auditor KPMG LLP. The second claim expands the proposed class period and the breadth of the allegations against us. In February 2020, the January 2019 Canadian lawsuit was discontinued. In October 2019, a Maxar stockholder filed a putative class action lawsuit in California state court, naming Maxar and certain members of management and the board of directors as defendants. The lawsuit is based upon many of the same underlying factual allegations as the federal putative class action but asserts claims under the Securities Act of 1933. An amended complaint was filed in April 2020. In November 2019, a purported derivative complaint was filed against Maxar, certain current and former members of

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management and the board of directors in the Federal District Court of Delaware, also based on the same factual allegations as the federal putative class action. On September 18, 2020, a second purported derivative case was filed in the Federal District Court of Delaware, based on the same allegations as the earlier derivative case. The two derivative cases have been consolidated and are stayed.

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These legal proceedings could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources and could harm our stock price, business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. These and other legal proceedings and investigations are inherently uncertain and we cannot predict their duration, scope, outcome or consequences. There can be no assurance that these or any such matters that have been or may in the future be brought against us will be resolved favorably. In connection with any government investigations, in the event the government takes action against us or the parties resolve or settle the matter, we may be required to pay substantial fines or civil and criminal penalties and/or be subject to equitable remedies, including disgorgement or injunctive relief. Other legal or regulatory proceedings, including lawsuits filed by private litigants, may also follow as a consequence. These matters are likely to be expensive and time-consuming to defend, settle and/or resolve and may require us to implement certain remedial measures that could prove costly or disruptive to our business and operations. They may also cause damage to our business reputation. The unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

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Acquisitions or divestitures could result in adverse impacts on our operations.

In order to grow our business, we may acquire additional assets or companies, including for example, our recent Vricon Acquisition completed on July 1, 2020. In connection with the Vricon Acquisition or any future acquisitions, there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify, acquire, or obtain the required regulatory approvals, or profitably manage the additional businesses or successfully integrate any acquired businesses, products or technologies without substantial expenses, delays or other operational, regulatory, or financial problems. In addition, any acquired businesses, products or technologies may not achieve anticipated revenues and income growth.

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Further, acquisitions may involve a number of additional risks, including diversion of management’s attention, failure to retain key personnel, or failure to attract the necessary talent to manage organizational growth. We may become responsible for unexpected liabilities that were not discovered or disclosed in the course of due diligence in connection with historical acquisitions and any future acquisitions. Additionally, acquisitions with international operations such as the Vricon Acquisition with operations in Sweden, expose us to greater international business risks. If we do not realize the expected benefits or synergies of an acquisition, such as revenue gains or cost reductions, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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We may also seek to divest portions of our businesses which may no longer be aligned with our strategic initiatives and long-term objectives. Various factors could materially affect our ability to successfully do so, including the availability of buyers willing to purchase the assets on terms acceptable to us, difficulties in the separation of operations, the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns, the disruption of our business, the potential loss of key employees and the retention of uncertain contingent liabilities related to the divested business. We cannot assure that we will be successful in managing these or any other significant risks that we encounter in divesting a business or product line, and any divestiture we undertake could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Our business with various governmental entities is concentrated in a small number of primary contracts. The loss or reduction in scope of any one of our primary contracts would materially reduce our revenue.

Our business with various governmental entities is concentrated in a small number of primary contracts. We recognize significant revenue from U.S. government agencies and a significant amount of our U.S. government revenue is generated from a single contract, the EnhancedView Contract. The EnhancedView Contract is a service level agreement to provide image-tasking capacity on our satellites, and other imagery-derived products and services to the U.S. government. Our ability to service other customers could be negatively impacted if we are unable to maintain our current collection capacity. In addition, any inability on our part to meet the performance requirements of the EnhancedView Contract could result in a performance penalty or breach of that contract. A breach of our contract with government

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customers or reduction in service to our other customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The U.S. government may also terminate or suspend our contracts, including the EnhancedView Contract, at any time with or without cause. Additionally, any changes in the size, scope or term of the EnhancedView Contract could impact our satellite replenishment strategy and our ability to repay or refinance our long-term debt. Although our contracts generally involve fixed annual minimum commitments, such commitments, along with all other contracts with the U.S. government, are subject to annual Congressional appropriations and the federal budget process, and as a result, the U.S. government may not continue to fund these contracts at current or anticipated levels. Similarly, our contracts in other jurisdictions are also subject to government procurement policies and procedures.

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Disruptions in U.S. government operations and funding could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows and otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.

Any disruptions in federal government operations could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows. A prolonged failure to maintain significant U.S. government operations, particularly those pertaining to our business, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows. Continued uncertainty related to recent and future U.S. federal government shutdowns, the U.S. budget and/or failure of the U.S. government to enact annual appropriations, such as long-term funding under a continuing resolution, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, earnings and cash flows. Additionally, disruptions in federal government operations may negatively impact regulatory approvals and guidance that are important to our operations.

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Changes in U.S. government policy regarding use of commercial data or Space Infrastructure providers, or material delay or cancellation of certain U.S. government programs, may have a material adverse effect on our revenue and our ability to achieve our growth objectives.

Current U.S. government policy encourages the U.S. government’s use of commercial data and Space Infrastructure providers to support U.S. national security objectives. Under the EnhancedView Contract, our contractual counterparty acquires imagery and imagery-derived products on behalf of our customers within the U.S. government. We are considered by the U.S. government to be a commercial data provider. U.S. government policy is subject to change and any change in policy away from supporting the use of commercial data and Space Infrastructure providers to meet U.S. government imagery and Space Infrastructure needs, or any material delay or cancellation of planned U.S. government programs, including the EnhancedView Contract, could materially adversely affect our revenue and our ability to achieve our growth objectives.

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We face competition that may cause us to have to either reduce our prices for imagery and related products and services or to lose market share.

Our products and services compete with satellite and aerial imagery and related products and services offered by a range of private and government providers. Our current or future competitors may have superior technologies or greater financial, personnel and other resources than we have. The value of our imagery may also be diluted by Earth imagery that is available free of charge.

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The U.S. government and foreign governments may develop, construct, launch and operate their own imagery satellites, which could reduce their need to rely on us and other commercial suppliers. In addition, such governments could sell or provide free of charge Earth imagery from their satellites and thereby compete with our imagery products and services. Also, governments may at times make our imagery freely available for humanitarian purposes, which could impair our revenue growth with non-governmental organizations. These governments could also subsidize the development, launch and operation of imagery satellites by our current or future competitors.

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Our competitors or potential competitors could, in the future, offer satellite-based imagery or other products and services with more attractive features than our products and services. The emergence of new remote imaging technologies or the continued growth of low-cost imaging satellites, could negatively affect our marketing efforts. More importantly, if competitors develop and launch satellites or other imagery-content sources with more advanced capabilities and technologies than ours, or offer products and services at lower prices than ours, our business and results of operations could be harmed. Due to competitive pricing pressures, such as new product introductions by us or our competitors or

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other factors, the selling price of our products and services may further decrease. If we are unable to offset decreases in our average selling prices by increasing our sales volumes or by adjusting our product mix, our revenue and operating margins may decline and our financial position may be harmed.

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We operate in highly competitive industries and in various jurisdictions across the world, which may cause us to have to reduce our prices.

We operate in highly competitive industries and many of our competitors are larger and have substantially greater resources than we have. Our primary competitors for satellite manufacturing contracts include the Boeing Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation in the United States and Thales S.A. and Airbus Defence and Space, a subsidiary of the Airbus Group, in Europe. We may also face competition in the future from emerging low-cost competitors in India, Russia and China. Competition in our Imaging and Services business is highly diverse, and while our competitors offer different products, there is often competition for contracts that are part of governmental budgets. Our major existing and potential competitors for our Imagery business include commercial satellite imagery companies, state-owned imagery providers, aerial imagery companies, free sources of imagery and unmanned aerial vehicles. Our Services segment faces competition from companies that provide geospatial analytic information and services to the U.S. government, including defense prime contractors such as L3Harris and Booz Allen Hamilton.

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In addition, some of our foreign competitors currently benefit from, and others may benefit in the future from, protective measures by their home countries where governments are providing financial support, including significant investments in the development of new technologies. Government support of this nature greatly reduces the commercial risks associated with satellite development activities for these competitors. This market environment may result in increased pressures on our pricing and other competitive factors.

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We may be required to recognize impairment charges.

Long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, are tested annually for impairment in the fourth quarter or whenever there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. In the past, we have recognized significant impairment losses related to goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, inventory and orbital receivables.

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Disruptions to our business, unexpected significant declines in our operating results, adverse technological events or changes in the regulatory markets in which we operate, and significant declines in our stock price have resulted and may result in further impairment charges to our tangible and intangible assets. Any future impairment charges could substantially affect our reported results.

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Uncertain global macro-economic and political conditions could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our results of operations are materially affected by economic and political conditions in the United States and internationally, including inflation, deflation, interest rates, availability of capital, energy and commodity prices, trade laws and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Current or potential customers may delay or decrease spending on our products and services as their business and/or budgets are impacted by economic conditions. The inability of current and potential customers to pay us for our products and services may adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.

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Our business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance.

A significant portion of our business relates to designing, developing and manufacturing advanced space technology products and systems. New technologies may be untested or unproven. Failure of some of these products and services could result in extensive property damage. Accordingly, we may incur liabilities that are unique to our products and services.

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We endeavor to obtain insurance coverage from established insurance carriers to cover these risks and liabilities. However, the amount of insurance coverage that we maintain may not be adequate to cover all claims or liabilities. Existing coverage may be canceled while we remain exposed to the risk and it is not possible to obtain insurance to protect against all operational risks, natural hazards and liabilities.

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We have historically insured satellites in our constellation to the extent that insurance was available on acceptable premiums and other terms. The insurance proceeds received in connection with a partial or total loss of the functional capacity of any of our satellites would not be sufficient to cover the replacement cost, if we choose to do so, of an equivalent high-resolution satellite. In addition, this insurance will not protect us against all losses to our satellites due to specified exclusions, deductibles and material change limitations and it may be difficult to insure against certain risks, including a partial deterioration in satellite performance and satellite re-entry.

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The price and availability of insurance fluctuate significantly. Although we have historically been able to obtain insurance coverage for in-orbit satellites, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so in the future. We intend to maintain insurance for our operating satellites, but any determination we make as to whether to obtain insurance coverage will depend on a variety of factors, including the availability of insurance in the market, the cost of available insurance and the redundancy of our operating satellites. Insurance market conditions or factors outside our control at the time we are in the market for the required insurance, such as failure of a satellite using similar components, could cause premiums to be significantly higher than current estimates and could reduce amounts of available coverage. The cost of our insurance has been increasing and may continue to increase. Higher premiums on insurance policies will reduce our operating income by the amount of such increased premiums. If the terms of in-orbit insurance policies become less favorable than those currently available, there may be limits on the amount of coverage that we can obtain, or we may not be able to obtain insurance at all.

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In addition, even though we carry business interruption insurance policies, any business interruption losses could exceed the coverage available or be excluded from our insurance policies. Any disruption of our ability to operate our business could result in a material decrease in our revenues or significant additional costs to replace, repair or insure our assets, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

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We often rely on a single vendor or a limited number of vendors to provide certain key products or services and the inability of these key vendors to meet our needs could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Historically, we have contracted with a single vendor or a limited number of vendors to provide certain key products or services, such as construction of satellites and launch vehicles and management of certain remote ground terminals and direct access facilities. In addition, our manufacturing operations depend on specific technologies and companies for which there may be a limited number of vendors. If these vendors are unable to meet our needs because they fail to perform adequately, are unable to match new technological requirements or problems, or are unable to dedicate engineering and other resources necessary to provide the services contracted for, our business, financial position and results of operations may be adversely affected. While alternative sources for these products, services and technologies may exist, we may not be able to develop these alternative sources quickly and cost-effectively, which could materially impair our ability to operate our business. Furthermore, these vendors may request changes in pricing, payment terms or other contractual obligations, which could cause us to make substantial additional investments.

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Additionally, some of our suppliers’ employees are represented by labor unions. Labor union actions at suppliers can also affect us. Work stoppages and instability in our relationships with labor unions could delay the production and/or development of our products, which could strain relationships with customers, cause a loss of revenues and adversely affect our operations.

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Disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components and difficulties in the supplier qualification process, as well as increases in prices of raw materials, could adversely impact us.

Many raw materials, major components and product equipment items, particularly in our Space Infrastructure segment, are procured or subcontracted on a single or sole-source basis. Although we maintain a qualification and performance surveillance process and we believe that sources of supply for raw materials and components are generally adequate, it is

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difficult to predict what effects shortages or price increases may have in the future. Our ability to manage inventory and meet delivery requirements may be constrained by our suppliers’ inability to scale production and adjust delivery of long-lead time products during times of volatile demand. Our inability to fill our supply needs would jeopardize our ability to fulfill obligations under commercial and government contracts, which could, in turn, result in reduced sales and profits, contract penalties or terminations and damage to customer relationships and could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.

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Key raw materials used in our operations include metals such as aluminum and titanium, which are usually procured by our suppliers who manufacture parts in accordance with our drawings. We also purchase materials such as chemicals; composites; electronic, electro-mechanical and mechanical components; subassemblies; and subsystems that are integrated with the manufactured parts for final assembly into finished products and systems. We are impacted by increases in the prices of raw materials used in production on fixed-price business.

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We monitor sources of supply to attempt to assure that adequate raw materials and other supplies needed in manufacturing processes are available.

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Although we have not experienced significant difficulty in our ability to procure raw materials, components, sub-assemblies and other supplies required in our manufacturing processes, prolonged disruptions in the supply of any of our key raw materials or components, difficulty completing qualification of new sources of supply, implementing use of replacement materials, components or new sources of supply, or a continuing increase in the prices of raw materials, energy or components could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.

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We are dependent on resellers of our products and services for a portion of our revenue. If these resellers fail to market or sell our products and services successfully, our business could be harmed.

The Earth Intelligence segment has historically generated a portion of its revenue from foreign and domestic resellers. In the Earth Intelligence segment, we rely on foreign resellers and partners to market and sell the majority of our products and services in the international market. Our foreign resellers and partners may not have the skill or experience to develop regional commercial markets for our products and services, or may have competing interests that negatively affect their sales of our products and services. If we fail to enter into reseller agreements on a timely basis or if our resellers and partners fail to market and sell our products and services successfully, these failures could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We may not be successful in developing new technology and the technology we are successful in developing may not meet the needs of our customers or potential new customers.

The markets in which we operate are characterized by changing technology and evolving industry standards. Despite years of experience in meeting customer systems requirements with the latest in technological solutions, we may not be successful in identifying, developing and marketing products or systems that respond to rapid technological change, evolving technical standards and systems developed by others. Our competitors may develop technology that better meets the needs of our customers. If we do not continue to develop, manufacture and market innovative technologies or applications that meet customers’ requirements, sales may suffer and our business may not continue to grow in line with historical rates or at all. If we are unable to achieve sustained growth, we may be unable to execute our business strategy, expand our business or fund other liquidity needs and our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

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Our technology may violate the proprietary rights of third parties and our intellectual property may be misappropriated or infringed upon by third parties, each of which could have a negative impact on our operations.

If any of our technology violates proprietary rights, including copyrights and patents, third parties may assert infringement claims against us. Certain software modules and other intellectual property used by us or in our satellites, systems and products make use of or incorporate licensed software components and other licensed technology. These components are developed by third parties over whom we have no control. Any claims brought against us may result in limitations on our ability to use the intellectual property subject to these claims. We may be required to redesign our

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satellites, systems or products or to obtain licenses from third parties to continue offering our satellites, systems or products without substantially re-engineering such products or systems.

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Our intellectual property rights may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, infringed or required to be licensed to others. An infringement or misappropriation could harm any competitive advantage we currently derive or may derive from our proprietary rights.

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To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of patent protections, copyrights, trade secrets, trademark laws, confidentiality agreements with employees and third parties and protective contractual provisions such as those contained in license agreements with consultants, subcontractors, vendors and customers. Although we apply rigorous standards, documents and processes to protect our intellectual property, there is no absolute assurance that the steps taken to protect our technology will prevent misappropriation or infringement. Litigation may be necessary to enforce or protect our intellectual property rights, our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Such litigation may be time-consuming and expensive to prosecute or defend and could result in the diversion of our time and resources. In addition, competitors may design around our technology or develop competing technologies.

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The market may not accept our imagery products and services. Our historic growth rates should not be relied upon as an indicator of future growth.

We cannot accurately predict whether our products and services will achieve significant market acceptance or whether there will be a market for our products and services on terms we find acceptable. Market acceptance of our commercial high-resolution Earth imagery and related products and services depends on a number of factors, including the quality, scope, timeliness, sophistication, price and the availability of substitute products and services. Lack of significant market acceptance of our offerings, or other products and services that utilize our imagery, delays in acceptance, failure of certain markets to develop or our need to make significant investments to achieve acceptance by the market would negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may not continue to grow in line with historical rates or at all. If we are unable to achieve sustained growth, we may be unable to execute our business strategy, expand our business or fund other liquidity needs and our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

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We are dependent on our ability to attract, train and retain employees. Our inability to do so, or the loss of key personnel, would cause serious harm to our business.

Our success is largely dependent on the abilities and experience of our executive officers and other key personnel to oversee all aspects of our operations and to deliver on our corporate strategies. Competition for highly skilled management, technical, research and development and other personnel is intense in our industry. In order to maintain our ability to compete, we must continuously retain the services of a core group of specialists in a wide variety of disciplines. To the extent that the demand for qualified personnel exceeds supply, we could experience higher labor, recruiting or training costs in order to attract and retain such employees, or could experience difficulties in performing under contracts if our need for such employees is unmet. We may not be able to retain our current executive officers or key personnel or attract and retain additional executive officers or key personnel as needed to deliver on our corporate strategy. Furthermore, the recent volatility in our stock price may undermine the use of our equity as a retention tool and may make it more difficult to retain key personnel.

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Changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. We are also required to make certain judgments that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period. We periodically evaluate our estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, those relating to business acquisitions, revenue recognition, including our long-term contracts accounted for utilizing the cost-to-cost method, restructuring costs, recoverability of assets including customer receivables, valuation of goodwill and intangibles, contingencies, stock-based compensation

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and income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on specific circumstances. These assumptions and estimates involve the exercise of judgment and discretion, which may evolve over time in light of operational experience, regulatory direction, developments in accounting principles and other factors. Actual results could differ from these estimates as a result of changes in circumstances, assumptions, policies or developments in the business, which could materially affect our consolidated financial statements.

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Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations may materially impact our earnings, stockholders’ equity and cash flows from operations, and could have significant adverse impacts in future periods.

We maintain defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefits plans for some of our employees. Potential pension contributions include discretionary contributions to improve the plans’ funded status. The extent of future contributions depends heavily on market factors such as the discount rate and the actual return on plan assets. We estimate future contributions to these plans using assumptions with respect to these and other items. Changes to those assumptions could have a significant effect on future contributions, annual pension and other postretirement costs, the value of plan assets and our benefit obligations.

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Significant changes in actual return on pension assets, discount rates and other factors could adversely affect our results of operations and require cash pension contributions in future periods. Changes in discount rates and actual asset returns different than our expected asset returns can result in significant non-cash actuarial gains or losses which we record in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and, if applicable, in any quarter in which an interim re-measurement is triggered. With regard to cash pension contributions, funding requirements for our pension plans are largely dependent upon interest rates, actual investment returns on pension assets and the impact of legislative or regulatory changes related to pension funding obligations.

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We also provide other postretirement benefits to certain of our employees, consisting principally of health care, dental and life insurance for eligible retirees and qualifying dependents. Our estimates of future costs associated with these benefits are also subject to assumptions, including estimates of the level of medical cost increases and discount rates.

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For a discussion regarding how our financial statements can be affected by pension and other postretirement plan accounting policies, see Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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Fluctuations in foreign exchange rates could have a negative impact on our business.

Our revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars for the purposes of compiling our consolidated financial statements. We have in the past and may in the future, use hedging strategies to manage and minimize the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on our cash flow and economic profits. There are complexities inherent in determining whether and when foreign exchange exposures will materialize, in particular given the possibility of unpredictable revenue variations arising from schedule delays and contract postponements. Furthermore, if we use hedging strategies in the future, we could be exposed to the risk of non-performance of our hedging counterparties. We may also have difficulty with our hedging strategy in the future depending on the willingness of hedging counterparties to extend credit. Accordingly, no assurances may be given that our exchange rate hedging strategy would protect us from significant changes or fluctuations in revenues and expenses denominated in U.S. dollars.

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Our restructuring activities and cost saving initiatives may not achieve the results we anticipate.

We have previously and may in the future undertake cost reduction initiatives and organizational restructurings to improve operating efficiencies, optimize our asset base and generate cost savings. For example, in 2018 and 2019 we undertook restructuring plans intended to reduce headcount and implement other efficiency initiatives. We cannot be certain that these initiatives have been or will be completed as planned or without business interruption, that these initiatives will not generate additional costs, such as severance or other charges, or that the estimated operating efficiencies or cost savings from such activities will be fully realized or maintained over time.

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Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Our Common Stock

Our business is capital intensive, and we may not be able to raise adequate capital to finance our business strategies, including funding future satellites, or we may be able to do so only on terms that significantly restrict our ability to operate our business.

The implementation of our business strategies, such as expanding our satellite constellation and our products and services offerings, requires a substantial outlay of capital. As we pursue our business strategies and seek to respond to opportunities and trends in our industry, our actual capital expenditures may differ from our expected capital expenditures, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to satisfy our capital requirements in the future. We are highly leveraged, but we currently expect that our ongoing liquidity requirements for sustaining our operations will be satisfied by cash on hand and cash generated from our existing and future operations supplemented, where necessary, by available credit. However, we cannot provide assurances that our businesses will generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future or that additional capital will be available in amounts sufficient to enable us to execute our business strategies. Our ability to increase our debt financing and/or renew existing credit facilities may be limited by our existing financial and non-financial covenants, credit objectives, or the conditions of the debt capital market generally. Furthermore, our current financing arrangements contain certain restrictive financial and non-financial covenants (e.g., the achievement or maintenance of stated financial ratios) that may impact our access to those facilities and significantly limit future operating and financial flexibility.

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Our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing or government grants to finance operating working capital requirements and growth initiatives may be limited or difficult to obtain, which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

We need capital to finance operating working capital requirements and growth initiatives and to pay our outstanding debt obligations as they become due for payment. If the cash generated from our businesses, together with the credit available under existing bank facilities, is not sufficient to fund future capital requirements, we will require additional debt or equity financing. Our ability to access capital markets on terms that are acceptable to us will be dependent on prevailing market conditions, as well as our future financial condition. Further, our ability to increase our debt financing and/or renew existing facilities may be limited by our existing leverage, financial and non-financial covenants, credit objectives and debt capital market conditions.

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We have in the past, and may continue in the future to, receive government grants for research and development activities and other business initiatives. Any agreement or grant of this nature with government may be accompanied by contractual obligations applicable to us, which may result in the grant money becoming repayable if certain requirements are not met. A failure to meet contractual obligations under such agreements and grants and a consequent requirement to repay money received could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.

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Our indebtedness and other contractual obligations could adversely affect our financial condition, our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, our ability to operate our business, our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and our ability to pay our debts and could divert our cash flow from operations for debt payments.

We have a significant amount of indebtedness and leverage. Our level of indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay the principal of, interest on, or other amounts due with respect to our indebtedness. Our long-term debt under our Syndicated Credit Facility bears interest at floating rates related to U.S. LIBOR (for U.S. dollar borrowings), plus a margin. As a result, our interest payment obligations on such indebtedness will increase if such interest rates increase. Our leverage and debt service obligations could adversely impact our business, including by:

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Any of the forgoing factors could have negative consequences on our financial condition and results of operation.

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Our current financing arrangements contain certain restrictive covenants that impact our future operating and financial flexibility.

Our current financing arrangements contain certain restrictive covenants that may impact our future operating and financial flexibility. Our debt funding is provided under our financing agreements, which contains a series of positive and negative covenants with which we must comply, including financial and non-financial covenants. If we fail to comply with any covenants and are unable to obtain a waiver or other cure thereof, the lenders under the Syndicated Credit Facility or under the 2023 or 2027 bond issuances may be able to take certain actions with respect to the amounts owing under such agreements, including requiring early payment thereof. Any such actions could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. These covenants could also have the effect of limiting our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our business and the markets in which we compete.

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Our actual operating results may differ significantly from our guidance.

From time to time, we release guidance regarding our future performance that represents our management’s estimates as of the date of release. This guidance, which consists of forward-looking statements, is prepared by our management and is qualified by, and subject to, the assumptions and the other information contained or referred to in the release. Our guidance is not prepared with a view toward compliance with published guidelines of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and neither any independent registered public accounting firm nor any other independent expert or outside party compiles, examines or reviews the guidance and, accordingly, no such person expresses any opinion or any other form of assurance with respect thereto.

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Guidance is based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while presented with numerical specificity, is inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and are based upon specific assumptions with respect to future business decisions, some of which will change. We generally state possible outcomes as high and low ranges which are intended to provide a sensitivity analysis as variables are changed but are not intended to represent that actual results could not fall outside of these ranges. The principal reason that we release this data is to provide a basis for our management to discuss our business outlook with analysts and investors. We do not accept any responsibility for any projections or reports published by any such persons.

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Guidance is necessarily speculative in nature, and it can be expected that some or all of the assumptions of the guidance furnished by us will not materialize or will vary significantly from actual results, particularly any guidance relating to the results of operations of acquired businesses or companies as our management will be less familiar with their business, procedures and operations. Accordingly, our guidance is only an estimate of what management believes is realizable as of the date of release. Actual results will vary from the guidance and the variations may be material. Investors should also recognize that the reliability of any forecasted financial data will diminish the farther in the future that the data are forecast. In light of the foregoing, investors are urged to put the guidance in context and not to place undue reliance on it.

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Any failure to successfully implement our operating strategy or the occurrence of any of the events or circumstances set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 could result in the actual operating results being different than the guidance, and such differences may be adverse and material.

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We could be adversely impacted by actions of activist stockholders, and such activism could impact the value of our securities.

We value constructive input from our stockholders and the investment community. However, there is no assurance that the actions taken by our Board of Directors and management in seeking to maintain constructive engagement with our stockholders will be successful. Certain of our stockholders have expressed views with respect to the operation of our business, our business strategy, corporate governance considerations or other matters. Responding to actions by activist stockholders can be costly and time-consuming, disrupting our operations and diverting the attention of management and our employees. The perceived uncertainties as to our future direction due to activist actions could affect the market price of our stock, result in the loss of potential business opportunities and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel, board members and business partners.

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The price of our common stock has been volatile and may fluctuate substantially.

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE and the TSX and the price for our common stock has historically been volatile. The market price of our common stock may continue to be highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially due to the following factors (in addition to the other risk factors described in this section):

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In addition, the stock markets in general have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have at times been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. These market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our common stock irrespective of our operating performance.

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A significant or prolonged decrease in our market capitalization, including a decline in stock price, or a negative long-term performance outlook, could result in an impairment of our assets which results when the carrying value of our assets exceed their fair value.

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In the past several years, our securities have been the subject of short selling. Reports and information have been published about us that we believe are mischaracterized or incorrect, and which have in the past been followed by a decline in our stock price. If there are short seller allegations in the future, we may have to expend a significant amount of resources to investigate such allegations and/or defend ourselves.

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In addition, in the first quarter of 2019, we became subject to certain securities class action litigation as a result of volatility in the price of our common stock, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources and could harm our stock price, business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. See Part I, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

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Uncertainty with respect to the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) at the end of 2021 could impact our cost of borrowing and interest rate risk

We have outstanding debt and interest rate swaps with variable interest rates using LIBOR as a factor to determine the interest rates. In July 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced that it intends to stop

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persuading or compelling banks to submit LIBOR rates after 2021. It is unclear if at that time whether or not LIBOR will cease. Recent proposals for alternative overnight and term rates may result in the establishment of new methods of calculating one or more alternative benchmark rates.

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In the United States, the Alternative Reference Rate Committee ("ARRC"), a group of diverse private-market participants assembled by the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, has begun publishing a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), and has emerged as the ARRC's preferred alternative rate upon cessation of LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement market. At this time, it is not possible to predict how markets will respond to SOFR.

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The cessation of LIBOR, including the exact timing of its cessation, as well as its transition to another benchmark rate, or rates, could have adverse impacts on our outstanding interest rate swaps maturing in 2022 and our Credit Facility maturing in 2023. This change may necessitate updates to our swaps and Credit Facility, and ultimately, adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

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If securities or industry analysts discontinue publishing research or reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or change their opinion of our stock, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws may impede or discourage a takeover, changes in management or changes in the Board of Directors, which could reduce the market price of our common stock.

Certain provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws may delay or prevent a third-party from acquiring control of us, even if a change in control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. These provisions include:

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These provisions could impede a merger, takeover or other business combination involving us or discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer for our common stock, which, under certain circumstances, could reduce the market price of our common stock. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation requires, to the fullest

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extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against our directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware.

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There can be no assurance that we will continue to pay dividends on our common stock.

Our Board of Directors significantly reduced our dividends in the first quarter of 2019. Although our Board of Directors has historically declared a quarterly cash dividend which we have paid, the payment of future dividends is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, and we may not pay quarterly dividends in the same amounts or at all in the future. The declaration, amount and timing of cash dividends are subject to capital availability and determinations by our Board of Directors that such dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders and are in compliance with all respective laws and applicable agreements. Our ability to pay dividends will depend upon, among other factors, our cash balances and potential future capital requirements for strategic transactions, including acquisitions, debt service requirements, results of operations, financial condition and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. The elimination of our dividend payments and/or our dividend program could have a negative effect on our stock price.

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Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Matters

Our operations in the U.S. government market are subject to significant regulatory risk.

Our operations in the U.S. government market are subject to significant government regulation. A failure by us to maintain the relevant clearances and approvals could limit our ability to operate in the U.S. market. Further, there can be no assurance that we will continue to be awarded contracts by the U.S. government. In addition, a failure by us to keep current and compliant with relevant U.S. regulations could result in fines, penalties, repayments, or suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting or subcontracting for a period of time and could have an adverse effect on our standing and eligibility for future U.S. government contracts.

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Failure to comply with the requirements of the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual could result in interruption, delay or suspension of our ability to provide our products and services, and could result in loss of current and future business with the U.S. government.

We and our subsidiaries are parties to certain contracts with various departments and agencies of the U.S. government, including the U.S. Department of Defense, which require that certain of our legal entities be issued facility security clearances under the National Industrial Security Program. The National Industrial Security Program requires that a corporation maintaining a facility security clearance be effectively insulated from foreign ownership, control or influence (“FOCI”). Prior to the U.S. Domestication, we were incorporated under the laws of Canada, and had entered into a Security Control Agreement, dated January 26, 2017, by and among us, our wholly owned subsidiary, Maxar Technologies Holdings Inc. and the U.S. Department of Defense (“SCA”), as a suitable FOCI mitigation arrangement under the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual. Upon U.S. Domestication, the SCA was dissolved and we entered into a Board Resolution to mitigate remaining FOCI risks as seen by the U.S. Government. Failure to maintain an agreement with the U.S. Department of Defense regarding the appropriate FOCI mitigation arrangement could result in invalidation or termination of the facility security clearances, which in turn would mean that our U.S. subsidiaries would not be able to enter into future contracts with the U.S. government requiring facility security clearances, and may result in the loss of the ability of those subsidiaries to complete existing contracts with the U.S. government.

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Our business is subject to various regulatory risks that could adversely affect our operations.

The environment in which we operate is highly regulated due to the sensitive nature of our complex and technologically advanced systems, including satellites, products, hardware and software, in addition to those regulations broadly applicable to publicly listed corporations. There are numerous regulatory risks that could adversely affect operations, including but not limited to:

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Changes in tax law, in our tax rates or in exposure to additional income tax liabilities or assessments may materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Changes in law and policy relating to taxes may materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For example, the new Administration and Congress could make changes to existing tax law, such as an increase in the corporate tax rate and enacting a minimum tax on worldwide book income. We continue to monitor tax law developments and assess the impact on the Company.

On March 27, 2020 the U.S. enacted the CARES Act which, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modification to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact to our income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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The U.S. also enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“2017 Tax Act”) on December 22, 2017, which significantly changed the U.S. federal income taxation of U.S. corporations. The 2017 Tax Act remains unclear in many respects and has been, and may continue to be, the subject of amendments and technical corrections, as well as interpretations and implementing regulations by the Treasury and IRS, which have mitigated or increased certain adverse impacts of the 2017 Tax Act and may continue to do so in the future.

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We continue to examine the impact the CARES Act and the 2017 Tax Act may have on our business in future periods.

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California has temporarily suspended the net operating loss carryover utilization, and capped the use of business incentive tax credits, for three years by the enactment of Assembly Bill 85 on June 29, 2020. This change in California tax law required Maxar to accrue an estimated tax expense for 2020.

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Our ability to use our U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately $791 million, $822 million and $16 million of federal, state and foreign net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and $93 million tax credit carryforwards related to research and development expenditures and non-U.S. taxes paid.

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Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”), if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change U.S. federal NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes (such as research tax credits) to offset its post-change income and taxes may be limited. In general, an “ownership change” occurs if there is a greater than 50 percentage point change (by value) in a corporation’s equity ownership by certain stockholders over a rolling three-year period. Similar provisions of state tax law may also apply to limit our use of accumulated state tax attributes. While we do not believe that we have experienced ownership changes in the past that would materially limit our ability to utilize our NOL carryforwards, the Section 382 rules are complex and there is no assurance our view is correct. Moreover, as a result of the shift in ownership of our stock that occurred in connection with the acquisition of DigitalGlobe, Inc. (“DigitalGlobe”) on October 5, 2017 (the “DigitalGlobe Transaction”), we could have experienced an ownership change if there were certain significant purchases of our stock or other events outside of our control. In the event that we experience ownership changes in the future, our ability to use pre-change NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes to offset post-change taxable income will be subject to limitations. As a result, we may be unable to use a material portion of our NOL carryforwards and other tax attributes, which could adversely affect our future cash flows.

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Additionally, the CARES Act has temporarily expanded the available utilization of NOL carryforwards by allowing a five-year carryback for NOL carryforwards arising in tax years 2018, 2019 and 2020 and by suspending the 80%-taxable income limitation on NOL deductions taken in tax years prior to 2021. NOL carryforwards arising in tax years ending

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after December 31, 2017 can be carried forward indefinitely. There can be no assurance that we will be able to utilize our federal income tax NOL carryforwards to offset future taxable income.

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On May 12, 2019, our Board of Directors approved a Tax Benefit Preservation Plan (“Tax Plan”) in an effort to help preserve the value of certain deferred tax benefits including those generated by NOL carryforwards and certain other tax attributes, and which our Stockholders approved on October 31, 2019. The Tax Plan expired on October 5, 2020, the three-year anniversary of the acquisition of DigitalGlobe. The Tax Plan was designed to make it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or to discourage a third party from acquiring, a large block of our common stock. A third party that acquired 4.9% or more of our common stock could have suffered substantial dilution of its ownership interest under the terms of the Tax Plan through the issuance of common stock to all stockholders other than the acquiring person.

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Although the Tax Plan was intended to reduce the likelihood of an ownership change that could adversely affect us, there is no assurance that the Tax Plan prevented an ownership change under Section 382, or that an ownership change will not occur after the expiration of the Tax Plan.

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On September 9, 2019 Treasury and the IRS issued proposed regulations regarding the items of income and deduction which are included in the calculation of built-in gains and losses under section 382. The proposed regulations were subject to a 60-day comment period and are proposed to be effective for ownership changes occurring after the effective date of temporary or final regulations. In response to concerns expressed in comment letters, in January 2020 the IRS withdrew a portion of the proposed regulations to provide transition relief for eligible taxpayers. Temporary or final regulations have not yet been issued by Treasury and the IRS.

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Our operations are subject to governmental law and regulations relating to environmental matters, which may expose us to significant costs and liabilities that could negatively impact our financial condition.

We are subject to various federal, state, provincial and local environmental laws and regulations relating to the operation of our businesses, including those governing pollution, the handling, storage, disposal and transportation of hazardous substances and the ownership and operation of real property. In addition, we could be affected by future regulations imposed in response to concerns over climate change, other aspects of the environment or natural resources. We have been designated, along with other companies, as a named discharger potentially responsible for the cleanup of groundwater contamination at certain sites in California where we operate and there can be no assurance that the previous owners of those properties strictly complied with such environmental laws and regulations. Such laws and regulations may result in significant liabilities and costs to us due to the actions or inactions of the previous owners. In addition, new laws and regulations, more stringent enforcement of existing laws and regulations or the discovery of previously unknown contamination could result in additional costs.

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We have incurred and will continue to incur increased costs and demands in order to comply with laws and regulations applicable to public companies.

In January 2019, we became a “domestic issuer” for SEC reporting purposes and a reporting issuer in each of the jurisdictions in Canada in which Maxar Canada was a reporting issuer. The obligations of being a public company in the U.S. and Canada require significant expenditures and will place significant demands on our management and other personnel, including costs resulting from public company reporting obligations under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, applicable Canadian Securities laws, and the rules and regulations regarding corporate governance practices, including those under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the listing requirements of the NYSE and the TSX. These rules require that we maintain effective disclosure and financial controls and procedures, internal control over financial reporting and changes in corporate governance practices, among many other complex rules that are often difficult to monitor and maintain compliance with. Our management and other personnel will continue to devote a substantial amount of time to ensure compliance with all of these requirements and to keep pace with new regulations, otherwise we may fall out of compliance and risk becoming subject to reputational damage, litigation or being delisted, among other potential problems.

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Our international business exposes us to risks relating to regulation, currency fluctuations and political or economic instability in foreign markets, which could adversely affect our revenue, earnings, cash flows and our financial condition.

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A significant portion of our revenue is derived from non-U.S. sales, and we intend to continue to pursue international contracts. International operations are subject to certain risks, such as: changes in domestic and foreign governmental regulations and licensing requirements; deterioration of relations between the U.S. and/or a particular foreign country; increases in tariffs and taxes and other trade barriers; foreign currency fluctuations; changes in political and economic stability; effects of austerity programs or similar significant budget reduction programs; potential preferences by prospective customers to purchase from local (non-U.S.) sources; and difficulties in obtaining or enforcing judgments in foreign jurisdictions.

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In addition, our international contracts may include industrial cooperation agreements requiring specific in-country purchases, investments, manufacturing agreements or other financial obligations, known as offset obligations, and provide for penalties if we fail to meet such requirements. The impact of these factors is difficult to predict, but one or more of them could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Exposure to United Kingdom political developments, including the effect of its withdrawal from the European Union, could be costly and difficult to comply with and could harm our business.

In June 2016, a referendum was passed in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit.” This decision created an uncertain political and economic environment in the United Kingdom and other European Union countries. The United Kingdom formally left the European Union on January 31, 2020 and the transition period provided for in the withdrawal agreement entered by the United Kingdom and the European Union ended on December 31, 2020. In December 2020, the United Kingdom and the European Union agreed on a trade and cooperation agreement that will apply provisionally after the end of the transition period until it is ratified by the parties to the agreement. On December 31, 2020, the United Kingdom passed legislation giving effect to the trade and cooperation agreement, with the European Union expected to formally adopt the agreement in early 2021. The trade and cooperation agreement covers the general objectives and framework of the relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union. Depending on the application of the terms of the trade and cooperation agreement, we could face new regulatory costs and challenges.

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Our U.K. operations service customers in the U.K. as well as in other countries in the EU, and these operations could be disrupted by Brexit. The political and economic instability created by Brexit has caused and may continue to cause significant volatility in global financial markets and uncertainty regarding the regulation of data protection in the United Kingdom. In particular, although the United Kingdom enacted a Data Protection Act in May 2018 that is consistent with the EU General Data Protection Regulation, uncertainty remains regarding how data transfers to and from the United Kingdom will be regulated. Brexit could also have the effect of disrupting the free movement of goods, services, capital and people between the United Kingdom, the European Union and elsewhere.

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ITEM 2.PROPERTIES

Our corporate headquarters are located at a leased facility in Westminster, Colorado. As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately two million square feet of total leased floor space at multiple locations in the United States, Europe, the Middle East and Asia, used for manufacturing, warehousing, research and testing, administrative and various other uses.

As of December 31, 2020, we had major operations in the following locations:

Space Infrastructure

Our Space Infrastructure segment primarily operates out of multiple locations in California. We lease approximately one million square feet of manufacturing and office space.

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Earth Intelligence

Our Earth Intelligence segment primarily operates out of our U.S. locations in Colorado, Virginia, Maryland, Michigan, Florida and Missouri, our Sweden location and small sales offices also located internationally. We lease approximately one million square feet of office and operations space.

We maintain our properties in good operating condition and believe that the productive capacity of our properties is adequate to meet our current requirements and those for the foreseeable future. See Note 10, Leases, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding our lease commitments.

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ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

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Currently, we are involved in a number of legal proceedings. For a discussion of contingencies related to legal proceedings, see Note 23, “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

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ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

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Not applicable.

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ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

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Maxar trades on the NYSE and TSX under the ticker “MAXR”. As of February 17, 2021, there were approximately 72 stockholders of record of our common stock. This stockholder figure does not include a substantially greater number of "street name" holders or beneficial holders of our common stock whose shares are held of record by banks, brokers and other financial institutions.

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Dividends

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We declared and paid dividends of $0.04 per share of common stock during 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

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None.

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Securities Authorized for Issuance

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The information as to Securities Authorized for Issuance will be included in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

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We have early adopted Securities and Exchange Commission amendments to Regulation S-K that eliminate certain disclosure requirements including selected financial data. As a result of early adoption we have omitted the selected financial data table from this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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OVERVIEW

We are a partner and innovator in Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure. We help government and commercial customers monitor, understand and navigate our changing planet; deliver global broadband communications; and explore and advance the use of space. Our approach combines decades of deep mission understanding and a proven commercial and defense foundation to deploy solutions and deliver insights with speed, scale and cost effectiveness. Our businesses are organized and managed in two reportable segments: Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure, as described below under “Segment Results”.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Completion of the sale of MDA

On April 8, 2020, we completed the previously announced sale by Maxar and Maxar Technologies Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Maxar (“Maxar Holdings” and, together with Maxar, the “Sellers”), of the MDA Business, the Company’s former Canadian subsidiary (“MDA Business”), pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of December 29, 2019 (as amended from time to time, the “MDA Agreement”) between the Sellers and Neptune Acquisition Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of British Columbia and an affiliate of Northern Private Capital Ltd. for an aggregate purchase price of $729 million (C$1.0 billion) (“MDA Transaction”) subject to customary purchase price adjustments set forth therein, including for working capital, cash and debt and as otherwise set forth in the MDA Agreement.

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Acquisition of Vricon

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On June 23, 2020, we announced our intent to exercise our call option to take full ownership of 3D data and analytics firm Vricon, Inc., (“Vricon Acquisition”) for approximately $143 million, or approximately $120 million net of cash at closing. To fund the transaction, we issued $150 million in aggregate principal amount of new senior secured notes, discussed below. The call option was exercised on June 25, 2020, and the Vricon Acquisition closed on July 1, 2020.

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Vricon is a global leader in satellite-derived 3D data for defense and intelligence markets, with software and products that enhance 3D mapping, Earth intelligence data, military simulation and training and precision-guided munitions. The company was formed as a joint venture between Maxar and Saab in 2015 to combine patented Saab IP with our commercial satellite imagery to build highly accurate, immersive 3D products at scale.

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Sale of senior secured notes and repurchase of debt

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On June 25, 2020, we issued $150 million aggregate principal amount of 7.54% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 (“2027 Notes”). The 2027 Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers in the U.S. pursuant to Rule 144A and outside the U.S. pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The 2027 Notes have an interest rate of 7.54% per annum and were issued at a price equal to 98.25% of their face value. Proceeds from the 2027 Notes were used for general corporate purposes, including the financing of the Vricon Acquisition.

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Separately, on June 25, 2020, we repurchased, in a privately negotiated transaction, $150 million aggregate principal amount of our 9.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (“2023 Notes”). The 2023 Notes were repurchased (“2023 Notes Repurchase”) at approximately 112.45% of the principal amount on June 25, 2020.

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The Company accounted for the issuance of the 2027 Notes and 2023 Notes Repurchase as debt modifications.

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During the three months ended June 30, 2020, we also repaid $511 million of borrowings under Term Loan B using proceeds from the MDA Transaction.

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Ukrainian customer lawsuit resolution

On March 31, 2020, an arbitral tribunal issued a final decision in favor of the Company related to claims asserted against us by a Ukrainian customer, dismissing the customer’s claims in their entirety. As previously disclosed in our SEC filings, we entered into an agreement with the Ukrainian customer in 2010 to provide a communication satellite system. In 2014, following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, we declared force majeure with respect to the program and subsequently terminated the contract. In July 2018, the Ukrainian customer issued a statement of claim in the arbitration it had commenced against us, challenging our right to terminate for force majeure and seeking to recover approximately $227 million. Following a hearing on the merits in December 2019, the arbitral tribunal dismissed the customer’s claims, and awarded us costs and attorney’s fees. See Note 23, “Commitments and contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1, “Financial Information” for further details. We have recognized a $39 million recovery of the previously recorded liability in relation to the Company’s dispute with the Ukrainian customer within the Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax line item within the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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COVID-19 operational posture and current impact

We have activated our standing pandemic crisis response plan to protect the health and safety of our team members, families, customers and communities while continuing to meet our commitments to customers. Our mitigation strategies cover employee preparation, travel, security, supply chain, virtual work, facility preparation and communications.

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All our locations are currently operational through a combination of work from home and limited personnel working on-site for essential operations, though in some cases capacity utilization and productivity are below normalized levels. As aerospace manufacturing, communications and defense are federal critical infrastructure sectors, we are allowed to keep some of our workforce on-site to maintain critical operations. And in doing so, we continue to diligently follow safety protocols including social distancing, alternating shifts, temperature checks, deep cleaning and isolation strategies for essential personnel working at our sites.

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The near and long-term impacts of the current pandemic on the cost and schedule of the numerous programs in our existing backlog and the timing of new awards remains uncertain. We are observing stress in our supplier base in and outside the U.S. and we will continue to monitor and assess the actual and potential COVID-19 impacts on employees, customers, suppliers and the productivity of the work being done, all of which, to some extent, will affect revenues, estimated costs to complete projects, earnings and cash flow. Our current estimates at completion on our satellite manufacturing contracts assume, among other things, that we remain in a COVID-19 operating posture in our factories through the spring of 2021.

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Our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020, include the current estimated impact of COVID-19. We had COVID-19 related estimated total costs at completion (“EAC”) growth of $27 million within the Space Infrastructure segment for the year ended December 31, 2020, which negatively impacted earnings for the same period. The changes in the EACs are due to increases in estimated program costs associated with the COVID-19 operating posture and the estimated impact of certain items such as supplier delays and increased labor hours along with actuals realized during the year ended December 31, 2020. These costs are considered incremental and separable from normal operations.

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Segment Results

Our CODM measures performance of our reportable segments based on revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. Our operating and reportable segments are: Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure. With our announcement of the MDA Transaction on December 30, 2019, and the subsequent closing of the MDA Transaction on April 8, 2020, the MDA segment has been classified within Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and is no longer considered a reportable segment. All prior-period amounts have been adjusted to reflect the reportable segment change.

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Earth Intelligence

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In the Earth Intelligence segment, we are a global leader in high resolution space-based optical and radar imagery products and analytics. We launched the world’s first high resolution commercial imaging satellite in 1999 and currently operate a four-satellite imaging constellation, providing us with a 125 petabyte historical ImageLibrary of the highest-resolution, commercially available imagery. Our imagery solutions provide customers with timely, accurate and mission-critical information about our changing planet and support a wide variety of government and commercial applications, including mission planning, mapping and analysis, environmental monitoring, disaster management, crop management, oil and gas exploration and infrastructure management. Our principal customers in the Earth Intelligence segment are U.S. and other international government agencies (primarily defense and intelligence agencies), as well as a wide variety of commercial customers in multiple markets. We are a market leader in the commercial satellite Earth observation industry.

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We also provide geospatial services that combine imagery, analytic expertise and innovative technology to deliver intelligence solutions to customers. Our cleared developers, analysts, and data scientists provide analytic solutions that accurately document change and enable geospatial modeling and analysis that help predict where events will occur. Our primary customer of geospatial services is the U.S. government, but we also support intelligence requirements for other U.S. allied governments, global development organizations and commercial customers.

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As a result of the Vricon Acquisition, the results of Vricon are now consolidated within the Earth Intelligence segment.

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Space Infrastructure

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In the Space Infrastructure segment, we design, build, integrate and test solutions for space-based communications satellites, Earth observation, on-orbit servicing, robotic assembly, and space exploration. We address a broad spectrum of needs for our customers, including mission systems engineering, product design, spacecraft manufacturing, assembly integration and testing. We provide advanced, reliable, and affordable spacecraft that enable our commercial customers to deliver valuable global services, and we are successfully partnering with the U.S. government in new space opportunities. Our principal customers in the Space Infrastructure segment are commercial satellite operators and government agencies worldwide.

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MDA

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As discussed above, in connection with the MDA Transaction, the financial results from this segment were classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and it is no longer considered a reportable segment. The MDA Business developed and delivered advanced surveillance and intelligence solutions, defense and maritime systems, radar geospatial imagery, space robotics, satellite antennas and communication subsystems. Subsequent to the MDA Transaction, MDA continues to be a supplier of certain components and subsystems to us.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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The following table provides selected annual financial information for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

*Not meaningful.

Product and service revenue

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Total revenues increased to $1,723 million from $1,666 million, or by $57 million, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in revenue in our Space Infrastructure segment partially offset by a decrease in revenue in our Earth Intelligence segment. The decrease was primarily driven by a $40 million decrease in the recognition of deferred revenue related to the EnhancedView Contract.

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We recognized $120 million of deferred revenue from the EnhancedView Contract for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $80 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, as it was fully recognized as of August 31, 2020.

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Further discussion of the drivers behind the decrease in revenues within the “Results by Segment” section below.

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Total revenues decreased to $1,666 million from $1,804 million, or by $138 million, for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in revenue in our Space Infrastructure segment partially offset by an increase in revenue in our Earth Intelligence segment. Further discussion of the drivers behind the decrease in revenues within the “Results by Segment” section below.

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See Note 17, “Segment Information” to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for product and service revenues by segment.

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Product and service costs

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Total cost of product and services increased to $993 million from $975 million, or by $18 million, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 2019. The increase in costs was primarily driven by an increase in costs within our Earth Intelligence segment partially offset by a decrease within our Space Infrastructure segment.

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Total cost of product and services decreased to $975 million from $1,088 million, or by $113 million, for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease is primarily driven by lower costs within the Space Infrastructure segment driven by lower volume which was partially offset by an increase in costs in our Earth Intelligence segment which was primarily driven by an increase in the labor associated with providing geospatial services.

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Selling, general and administrative

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Selling, general and administrative costs increased to $332 million from $325 million, or by $7 million, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 2019. The increase is primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $23 million. Stock-based compensation expense increased primarily due to a higher stock price. The increase is also due to an increase in labor related expenses of $16 million driven primarily by an increase in headcount and employee compensation. These increases were partially offset by a $15 million decrease in restructuring expenses, a $9 million decrease in transaction and integration related expenses and a $7 million decrease in travel related expenses driven by our COVID-19 operating posture.

Selling, general and administrative costs decreased to $325 million from $446 million, or by $121 million, for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in research and development spend of $78 million, a $19 million decrease in integration expense related to the DigitalGlobe Transaction and a decrease in labor related expenses due to a reduction of headcount from actions taken during the first quarter of 2019.

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Depreciation and amortization

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Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to $348 million from $376 million, or by $28 million, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in amortization expense for backlog acquired as part of the DigitalGlobe Transaction. We recognized a full year of amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to approximately nine months for the year ended December 31, 2020, as all of the U.S. government acquired backlog was fully amortized in October 2020. The decrease was also driven by a decrease in depreciation expense related to asset retirements made in the second half of 2019 and in the first quarter of 2020, the extension of the useful life of one satellite in the fourth quarter of 2019 and two satellites in the fourth quarter of 2020 and the sale of our owned properties in Palo Alto in December 2019. These decreases were partially offset due to the inclusion of depreciation and amortization expense from property, plant and equipment and intangible assets acquired as part of the Vricon Acquisition on July 1, 2020, compared to no such expense in the same period of 2019.

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Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to $376 million from $439 million, or by $63 million, for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in depreciation and amortization expense following asset impairments in the second half of 2018.

Impairment losses

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*Not meaningful.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized impairment losses of $47 million primarily related to the write-off of a $33 million prepaid asset with a commercial provider of ground station services under a contract which was above current market value. In December 2020, we executed a new multi-year contract with the provider for services at reduced cost. As a result of the prior contract being terminated and the new contract being at market value, we concluded the remaining prepaid asset from the prior contract with the provider had no continuing value. In addition, during 2020 we recognized an impairment loss of $14 million related to our orbital receivables within the Space Infrastructure segment. This impairment loss was primarily due to a decrease in credit ratings associated with our largest orbital receivable.

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During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized impairment losses of $14 million primarily related to orbital receivables within the Space Infrastructure segment due to a decrease in customer credit ratings.

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During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized $586 million of impairment losses. We recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment loss of $159 million related to our Earth Intelligence and Space Infrastructure segments which was a result of the sustained decline in our stock price and the further decline in the geostationary satellite manufacturing business (“GeoComm”) in our Space Infrastructure segment. We also recognized impairment losses of $122 million related to intangible assets and $121 million related to property, plant and equipment within the Space Infrastructure segment. Additionally, we recorded a $22 million impairment related to orbital receivables within the Space Infrastructure segment primarily due to a decrease in customer credit rating. In December 2018, we lost the imaging capability of our WorldView-4 satellite, resulting in a loss of $162 million on the satellite, related assets, and future premium payments.

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Satellite insurance recovery

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During the year ended December 31, 2019, we received insurance recoveries of $183 million related to the loss of imaging capability of our WorldView-4 satellite in December 2018. There were no insurance recoveries during the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2018.

Loss (gain) on sale of assets

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*Not meaningful.

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During the year ended December 31, 2020 we recognized a $1 million net reduction in the gain on sale of assets.

The net reduction in the gain on the sale of assets is primarily related to a $4 million reduction in the gain on our sale leaseback of our owned properties in Palo Alto, California due to the extension of our lease term on one of the properties. The reduction in the gain on sale of assets was partially offset by a $3 million gain on the disposal of assets within the Earth Intelligence segment.

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During the year ended December 31, 2019 we recorded a gain of $136 million related to the sale and subsequent leaseback of our owned properties in Palo Alto, California.

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During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded a gain of $33 million related to the sale of one of our buildings in Palo Alto, California.

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Interest expense, net