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MCDONALDS CORP - Quarter Report: 2020 June (Form 10-Q)


 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2020
OR
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from             to            
Commission File Number 1-5231
McDONALD’S CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware
 
36-2361282
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
110 North Carpenter Street
Chicago, Illinois
 
60607
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(630) 623-3000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
MCD
New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒  No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes  ☒  No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer
☒
 
Accelerated Filer
☐
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated Filer
☐
 
Smaller Reporting Company
☐
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging Growth Company
☐
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ☐  No  ☒
744,102,514
(Number of shares of common stock
outstanding as of 6/30/2020)
 
 
 
 
 


McDONALD’S CORPORATION
___________________________
INDEX
_______
 
 
 
Page Reference
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1A – Risk Factors
 
 
 
 
Item 6 – Exhibits
 
 
All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners and are used with permission.

2

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
 
In millions, except per share data
 
June 30,
2020
 
 
December 31,
2019
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and equivalents
 
$
3,255.7

 
 
$
898.5

Accounts and notes receivable
 
2,852.6

 
 
2,224.2

Inventories, at cost, not in excess of market
 
42.6

 
 
50.2

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
458.5

 
 
385.0

Total current assets
 
6,609.4

 
 
3,557.9

Other assets
 
 
 
 
 
Investments in and advances to affiliates
 
1,278.1

 
 
1,270.3

Goodwill
 
2,671.9

 
 
2,677.4

Miscellaneous
 
2,547.2

 
 
2,584.0

Total other assets
 
6,497.2

 
 
6,531.7

Lease right-of-use asset, net
 
13,002.3

 
 
13,261.2

Property and equipment
 
 
 
 
 
Property and equipment, at cost
 
39,137.4

 
 
39,050.9

Accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
(15,307.4
)
 
 
(14,890.9
)
Net property and equipment
 
23,830.0

 
 
24,160.0

Total assets
 
$
49,938.9

 
 
$
47,510.8

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term borrowings
 
$
1,000.0

 
 
$
—

Accounts payable
 
538.4

 
 
988.2

Lease liability
 
681.2

 
 
621.0

Income taxes
 
302.8

 
 
331.7

Other taxes
 
247.4

 
 
247.5

Accrued interest
 
316.1

 
 
337.8

Accrued payroll and other liabilities
 
1,073.6

 
 
1,035.7

Current maturities of long-term debt
 
3,086.6

 
 
59.1

Total current liabilities
 
7,246.1

 
 
3,621.0

Long-term debt
 
34,675.6

 
 
34,118.1

Long-term lease liability
 
12,478.9

 
 
12,757.8

Long-term income taxes
 
1,871.3

 
 
2,265.9

Deferred revenues - initial franchise fees
 
664.2

 
 
660.6

Other long-term liabilities
 
916.7

 
 
979.6

Deferred income taxes
 
1,549.2

 
 
1,318.1

Shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, no par value; authorized – 165.0 million shares; issued – none
 
—

 
 
—

Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized – 3.5 billion shares; issued – 1,660.6 million shares
 
16.6

 
 
16.6

Additional paid-in capital
 
7,780.0

 
 
7,653.9

Retained earnings
 
52,660.8

 
 
52,930.5

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(2,806.3
)
 
 
(2,482.7
)
Common stock in treasury, at cost; 916.5 and 914.3 million shares
 
(67,114.2
)
 
 
(66,328.6
)
Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
(9,463.1
)
 
 
(8,210.3
)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
$
49,938.9

 
 
$
47,510.8

See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 30,
 
 
June 30,
In millions, except per share data
 
2020
 
 
2019
 
 
2020
 
 
2019
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales by Company-operated restaurants
 
$
1,593.7

 
 
$
2,400.4

 
 
$
3,619.5

 
 
$
4,640.9

Revenues from franchised restaurants
 
2,088.0

 
 
2,940.9

 
 
4,696.0

 
 
5,656.0

Other revenues
 
79.8

 
 
68.5

 
 
160.4

 
 
137.0

Total revenues
 
3,761.5

 
 
5,409.8

 
 
8,475.9

 
 
10,433.9

Operating costs and expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company-operated restaurant expenses
 
1,448.4

 
 
1,967.1

 
 
3,201.2

 
 
3,853.3

Franchised restaurants-occupancy expenses
 
524.5

 
 
544.7

 
 
1,078.7

 
 
1,077.8

Other restaurant expenses
 
63.3

 
 
55.4

 
 
128.8

 
 
108.7

Selling, general & administrative expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
71.0

 
 
63.2

 
 
144.5

 
 
124.6

Other
 
576.0

 
 
469.9

 
 
1,092.3

 
 
907.6

Other operating (income) expense, net
 
117.2

 
 
35.6

 
 
175.7

 
 
(6.0
)
Total operating costs and expenses
 
2,800.4

 
 
3,135.9

 
 
5,821.2

 
 
6,066.0

Operating income
 
961.1

 
 
2,273.9

 
 
2,654.7

 
 
4,367.9

Interest expense
 
319.1

 
 
284.2

 
 
599.1

 
 
558.3

Nonoperating (income) expense, net
 
(6.7
)
 
 
(18.1
)
 
 
(38.0
)
 
 
(29.5
)
Income before provision for income taxes
 
648.7

 
 
2,007.8

 
 
2,093.6

 
 
3,839.1

Provision for income taxes
 
164.9

 
 
490.9

 
 
502.9

 
 
993.8

Net income
 
$
483.8

 
 
$
1,516.9

 
 
$
1,590.7

 
 
$
2,845.3

Earnings per common share-basic
 
$
0.65

 
 
$
1.99

 
 
$
2.14

 
 
$
3.73

Earnings per common share-diluted
 
$
0.65

 
 
$
1.97

 
 
$
2.12

 
 
$
3.69

Dividends declared per common share
 
$
1.25

 
 
$
1.16

 
 
$
2.50

 
 
$
2.32

Weighted-average shares outstanding-basic
 
743.8

 
 
761.8

 
 
744.3

 
 
763.3

Weighted-average shares outstanding-diluted
 
748.6

 
 
768.7

 
 
749.6

 
 
770.2

See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 30,
 
 
June 30,
In millions
 
2020
 
 
2019
 
 
2020
 
 
2019
Net income
 
$
483.8

 
 
$
1,516.9

 
 
$
1,590.7

 
 
$
2,845.3

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (loss) recognized in accumulated other comprehensive
income ("AOCI"), including net investment hedges
207.1

 
 
27.4

 
 
(259.1
)
 
 
70.8

Reclassification of (gain) loss to net income
—

 
 
1.2

 
 
—

 
 
46.8

Foreign currency translation adjustments-net of tax
benefit (expense) of $66.1, $27.8, ($49.2), and ($32.2)
207.1

 
 
28.6

 
 
(259.1
)
 
 
117.6

Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (loss) recognized in AOCI
(17.6
)
 
 
1.0

 
 
(57.2
)
 
 
9.2

Reclassification of (gain) loss to net income
(1.7
)
 
 
(8.0
)
 
 
(10.8
)
 
 
(17.0
)
Cash flow hedges-net of tax benefit (expense) of $5.8, $2.0, $20.5, and $2.3
(19.3
)
 
 
(7.0
)
 
 
(68.0
)
 
 
(7.8
)
Defined benefit pension plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (loss) recognized in AOCI
(0.6
)
 
 
0.4

 
 
(2.5
)
 
 
0.4

Reclassification of (gain) loss to net income
2.9

 
 
1.5

 
 
6.0

 
 
2.7

Defined benefit pension plans-net of tax benefit (expense)
of $0.1, $0.0, $0.5, and $0.0
2.3

 
 
1.9

 
 
3.5

 
 
3.1

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
190.1

 
 
23.5

 
 
(323.6
)
 
 
112.9

Comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
673.9

 
 
$
1,540.4

 
 
$
1,267.1

 
 
$
2,958.2

See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
In millions
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
483.8

 
$
1,516.9

 
$
1,590.7

 
$
2,845.3

 
Adjustments to reconcile to cash provided by operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Charges and credits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
425.7

 
398.3

 
847.0

 
790.9

 
Deferred income taxes
 
(42.1
)
 
58.0

 
234.3

 
112.3

 
Share-based compensation
 
30.8

 
28.9

 
56.7

 
60.5

 
Other
 
119.2

 
14.9

 
31.3

 
66.4

 
Changes in working capital items
 
(1,230.5
)
 
(91.5
)
 
(1,427.1
)
 
70.7

 
Cash provided by (used for) operations
 
(213.1
)
 
1,925.5

 
1,332.9

 
3,946.1

 
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
(305.0
)
 
(597.8
)
 
(787.5
)
 
(1,113.1
)
 
Purchases of restaurant businesses
 
(23.7
)
 
(384.8
)
 
(43.3
)
 
(393.8
)
 
Sales of restaurant businesses
 
1.8

 
68.6

 
27.5

 
200.5

 
Sales of property
 
1.8

 
68.9

 
17.6

 
91.2

 
Other
 
(71.5
)
 
(54.9
)
 
(129.3
)
 
(456.1
)
 
Cash used for investing activities
 
(396.6
)
 
(900.0
)
 
(915.0
)
 
(1,671.3
)
 
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net short-term borrowings
 
(4.1
)
 
589.1

 
107.7

 
495.1

 
Long-term financing issuances
 
0.8

 
6.5

 
5,540.2

 
2,519.8

 
Long-term financing repayments
 
(699.9
)
 
(981.2
)
 
(962.6
)
 
(1,396.2
)
 
Treasury stock purchases
 
(2.3
)
 
(1,067.4
)
 
(904.9
)
 
(2,063.5
)
 
Common stock dividends
 
(929.7
)
 
(883.0
)
 
(1,860.4
)
 
(1,769.8
)
 
Proceeds from stock option exercises
 
57.7

 
139.4

 
157.0

 
250.0

 
Other
 
(0.4
)
 
0.5

 
(121.9
)
 
(10.8
)
 
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities
 
(1,577.9
)
 
(2,196.1
)
 
1,955.1

 
(1,975.4
)
 
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
 
63.5

 
16.0

 
(15.8
)
 
(30.9
)
 
Cash and equivalents increase (decrease)
 
(2,124.1
)
 
(1,154.6
)
 
2,357.2

 
268.5

 
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period
 
5,379.8

 
2,289.1

 
898.5

 
866.0

 
Cash and equivalents at end of period
 
$
3,255.7

 
$
1,134.5

 
$
3,255.7

 
$
1,134.5

 
See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
For the six months ended June 30, 2019
 
Common stock
issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
Common stock in
treasury
 
Total
shareholders’
equity (deficit)
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 
 
Retained
earnings

Pensions
 
Cash flow
hedges
 
Foreign
currency
translation
 
 
In millions, except per share data
Shares

Amount
 
Shares

 
Amount

Balance at December 31, 2018
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,376.0

 
$
50,487.0

 
$
(216.6
)
 
$
32.4

 
$
(2,425.3
)
 
(893.5
)
 
$
(61,528.5
)
 
$
(6,258.4
)
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,845.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,845.3

Other comprehensive income (loss),
net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.1

 
(7.8
)
 
117.6

 
 
 
 
 
112.9

Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,958.2

Common stock cash dividends
($2.32 per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,769.8
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,769.8
)
Treasury stock purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(10.8
)
 
(2,047.3
)
 
(2,047.3
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
60.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60.5

Stock option exercises and other
 
 
 
 
113.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.1

 
135.0

 
248.0

Balance at June 30, 2019
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,549.5

 
$
51,562.5

 
$
(213.5
)
 
$
24.6

 
$
(2,307.7
)
 
(901.2
)
 
$
(63,440.8
)
 
$
(6,808.8
)

For the six months ended June 30, 2020
 
Common stock
issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
Common stock in
treasury
 
Total
shareholders’
equity (deficit)
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 
 
Retained
earnings

Pensions
 
Cash flow
hedges
 
Foreign
currency
translation
 
 
In millions, except per share data
Shares

Amount
 
Shares

 
Amount

Balance at December 31, 2019
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,653.9

 
$
52,930.5

 
$
(243.7
)
 
$
12.0

 
$
(2,251.0
)
 
(914.3
)
 
$
(66,328.6
)
 
$
(8,210.3
)
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,590.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,590.7

Other comprehensive income (loss),
net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
3.5

 
(68.0
)
 
(259.1
)
 
 
 
 
 
(323.6
)
Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,267.1

Common stock cash dividends
($2.50 per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,860.4
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,860.4
)
Treasury stock purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4.3
)
 
(871.2
)
 
(871.2
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
56.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
56.7

Stock option exercises and other
 
 
 
 
69.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.1

 
85.6

 
155.0

Balance at June 30, 2020
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,780.0

 
$
52,660.8

 
$
(240.2
)
 
$
(56.0
)
 
$
(2,510.1
)
 
(916.5
)
 
$
(67,114.2
)
 
$
(9,463.1
)

See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


7

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
For the quarter ended June 30, 2019
 
Common stock
issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
Common stock in
treasury
 
Total
shareholders’
equity (deficit)
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 
 
Retained
earnings

Pensions
 
Cash flow
hedges
 
Foreign
currency
translation
 
 
In millions, except per share data
Shares

Amount
 
Shares

 
Amount

Balance at March 31, 2019
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,438.5

 
$
50,928.6

 
$
(215.4
)
 
$
31.6

 
$
(2,336.3
)
 
(897.1
)
 
$
(62,414.5
)
 
$
(6,550.9
)
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,516.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,516.9

Other comprehensive income (loss),
net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.9

 
(7.0
)
 
28.6

 
 
 
 
 
23.5

Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,540.4

Common stock cash dividends
($1.16 per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(883.0
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(883.0
)
Treasury stock purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5.4
)
 
(1,083.6
)
 
(1,083.6
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
28.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28.9

Stock option exercises and other
 
 
 
 
82.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.3

 
57.3

 
139.4

Balance at June 30, 2019
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,549.5

 
$
51,562.5

 
$
(213.5
)
 
$
24.6

 
$
(2,307.7
)
 
(901.2
)
 
$
(63,440.8
)
 
$
(6,808.8
)

For the quarter ended June 30, 2020
 
Common stock
issued
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
Common stock in
treasury
 
Total
shareholders’
equity (deficit)
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 
 
Retained
earnings

Pensions
 
Cash flow
hedges
 
Foreign
currency
translation
 
 
In millions, except per share data
Shares

Amount
 
Shares

 
Amount

Balance at March 31, 2020
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,713.5

 
$
53,106.7

 
$
(242.5
)
 
$
(36.7
)
 
$
(2,717.2
)
 
(917.1
)
 
$
(67,133.8
)
 
$
(9,293.4
)
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
483.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
483.8

Other comprehensive income (loss),
net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.3

 
(19.3
)
 
207.1

 
 
 
 
 
190.1

Comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
673.9

Common stock cash dividends
($1.25 per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(929.7
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(929.7
)
Treasury stock purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(0.1
)
 
(2.3
)
 
(2.3
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
30.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30.8

Stock option exercises and other
 
 
 
 
35.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.7

 
21.9

 
57.6

Balance at June 30, 2020
1,660.6

 
$
16.6

 
$
7,780.0

 
$
52,660.8

 
$
(240.2
)
 
$
(56.0
)
 
$
(2,510.1
)
 
(916.5
)
 
$
(67,114.2
)
 
$
(9,463.1
)

See Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.









8

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
McDonald’s Corporation, the registrant, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to herein as the "Company." The Company, its franchisees and suppliers, are referred to herein as the "System."
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company’s December 31, 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2020, do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for the full year.
Prior to January 1, 2020, the Company presented both expenditures and receipts related to technology fees charged to franchisees and revenues related to certain licensing arrangements within Other operating (income) expense, net, because these activities were not part of the Company’s ongoing major or central operations. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company is presenting the revenues and expenses related to these activities within Other revenues and Other restaurant expenses, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income. The change in presentation was applied retrospectively to all periods presented and had no effect on Operating income, Net income, or Earnings per share.

Restaurant Information
The following table presents restaurant information by ownership type:
Restaurants at June 30,
2020
 
2019
Conventional franchised
21,822

 
21,717

Developmental licensed
7,685

 
7,413

Foreign affiliated
6,864

 
6,331

Total Franchised
36,371

 
35,461

Company-operated
2,649

 
2,647

Total Systemwide restaurants
39,020

 
38,108


The results of operations of restaurant businesses purchased and sold in transactions with franchisees were not material either individually or in the aggregate to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods prior to purchase and sale.

Per Common Share Information

Diluted earnings per common share is calculated using net income divided by diluted weighted-average shares. Diluted weighted-average shares include weighted-average shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of share-based compensation, calculated using the treasury stock method, of 4.8 million shares and 6.9 million shares for the quarters 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 5.3 million shares and 6.9 million shares for the six months 2020 and 2019, respectively. Share-based compensation awards that would have been antidilutive, and therefore were not included in the calculation of diluted weighted-average shares, totaled 2.8 million shares and 1.1 million shares for the quarters 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 2.8 million shares and 2.0 million shares for the six months 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Financial Instruments - Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance codified in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 326, "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurements of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments". The standard replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in prior GAAP with a methodology that instead reflects a current estimate of all expected credit losses on financial assets, including receivables. The guidance requires that an entity measure and recognize expected credit losses at the time the asset is recorded, while considering a broader range of information to estimate credit losses including country specific macroeconomic conditions that correlate with historical loss experience, delinquency trends and aging behavior of receivables, among others. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2020, prospectively, and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company had an Allowance for bad debts of $116.7 million as of June 30, 2020 recorded as a reduction to Accounts and notes receivable on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Included in this amount were increases in the allowance related to rent and royalty deferrals of $45 million and $92 million for the quarter and six months, respectively. The Company will continue to actively monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on expected losses.

9

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” ("ASU 2019-12"), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including applicable interim periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2019-12 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Reference Rate Reform

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU 2020-04"). The pronouncement provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the current guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The guidance was effective upon issuance and may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2020-04 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Updates to Significant Accounting Policies

Revenue recognition

The Company's revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees, developmental licensees and affiliates. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from restaurants licensed to developmental licensees and affiliates include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees. The Company’s Other revenues are comprised of fees paid by franchisees to recover a portion of costs incurred by the Company for various technology platforms, revenues from brand licensing arrangements to market and sell consumer packaged goods using the McDonald’s brand, and third party revenues for the Dynamic Yield business.
Sales by Company-operated restaurants are recognized on a cash basis at the time of the underlying sale and are presented net of sales tax and other sales-related taxes. Royalty revenues are based on a percent of sales and recognized at the time the underlying sales occur. Rental income includes both minimum rent payments, which are recognized straight-line over the franchise term (with the exception of rent concessions as a result of COVID-19 – refer to the Leasing policy update on page 11), and variable rent payments based on a percent of sales, which are recognized at the time the underlying sales occur. Initial fees are recognized as the Company satisfies the performance obligation over the franchise term, which is generally 20 years.
The Company provides goods or services related to various technology platforms to certain franchisees that are distinct from the franchise agreement because they do not require integration with other goods or services we provide. The Company has determined that it is the principal in these arrangements. Accordingly, the related revenue is presented on a gross basis on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income. These revenues are recognized as the goods or services are transferred to the franchisee, and related expenses are recognized as incurred. Brand licensing arrangement revenues are based on a percent of sales and are recognized at the time the underlying sales occur. Dynamic Yield third party revenues are generated from providing software as a service solutions to customers and are recognized over the applicable subscription period as the service is performed.

Long-lived assets, Goodwill and Capitalized Software

Long-lived assets and Goodwill are typically reviewed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable or if an indicator of impairment exists. The Company has continued to monitor the significant global economic uncertainty as a result of COVID-19 to assess the outlook for restaurant operations and the impact that any disruption may have on the Company's business and overall financial performance.
As a result of the Company's analysis, and in consideration of the totality of events and circumstances, including the potential impact of COVID-19 related disruptions on the Company’s operating results, there were no indicators of impairment during the quarter or six months 2020.
In addition to the Long-lived assets and Goodwill impairment analysis, the Company reviews capitalized software for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable or if an indicator of impairment exists, which occurs more regularly throughout the year, such as when new software may be ready for its intended use. Results for the quarter and six months 2020 reflected write-offs of impaired software that were no longer being used of $11.9 million and $26.3 million, respectively.

10


Leasing

The FASB issued guidance for how companies may account for COVID-19 related rent concessions in the form of FASB staff and Board members’ remarks at the April 8, 2020 public meeting and the FASB Staff Q&A issued on April 10, 2020.
The Company elected the practical expedient to account for COVID-19 related rent concessions as if they were part of the enforceable rights and obligations of the parties under the existing lease contract. This was elected for the Company’s entire lessee and lessor portfolio for any rent deferrals or rent abatements. For the lessee portfolio, the Company elected not to remeasure the lease liability and right-of-use asset if a rent deferral or a rent abatement is granted.
The Company deferred collection of approximately $150 million and $450 million of rental income on revenue that was recognized in the quarter and six months, respectively. Rental income includes both minimum rent payments and variable rent payments based on a percent of sales. The extent of the deferrals differs in length by market, but the deferrals primarily impact cash collection in the second quarter of 2020, the vast majority of which is expected to be collected in the third and fourth quarters of 2020.
Refer to the Cash Flow and Liquidity section on page 27 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on deferred collections of rental income as well as royalties.

Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value disclosures are reflected in a three-level hierarchy, maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The Company did not have any significant changes to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value as described in the Company's December 31, 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
At June 30, 2020, the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations was estimated at $43.9 billion, compared to a carrying amount of $38.8 billion, which reflects the new financings during the first quarter of a $1 billion line of credit and $5.5 billion of debt issuances under the Company's existing registration statement on Form S-3 with maturities ranging from 2025 to 2050 and interests rates ranging from 1.45% to 4.20%. The fair value was based upon quoted market prices, Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, short-term investments and notes receivable approximate fair value.

11

Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company is exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in interest rates and foreign currency fluctuations. The Company uses foreign currency denominated debt and derivative instruments to mitigate the impact of these changes. The Company does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes.
The following table presents the fair values of derivative instruments included on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet:
  
Derivative Assets
 
Derivative Liabilities
In millions
Balance Sheet Classification
 
June 30, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
Balance Sheet Classification
 
June 30, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
$
10.4

 
$
10.0

 
Accrued payroll and other liabilities
 
$
(4.9
)
 
$
(5.2
)
Interest rate
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued payroll and other liabilities
 

 

Foreign currency
Miscellaneous other assets
 
24.7

 
9.5

 
Other long-term liabilities
 
(2.2
)
 
(1.2
)
Interest rate
Miscellaneous other assets

 
39.3

 
12.1

 
Other long-term liabilities
 


 


Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
$
74.4

 
$
31.6

 
 
 
$
(7.1
)
 
$
(6.4
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity
Prepaid expenses and other current assets


 
$
0.2

 
$
1.6

 
Accrued payroll and other liabilities
 
$
—

 
$
(0.1
)
Foreign currency
Prepaid expenses and other current assets


 
—

 
12.4

 
Accrued payroll and other liabilities
 
(0.6
)
 
(4.8
)
Equity
Miscellaneous other assets
 
155.3

 
179.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
$
155.5

 
$
193.1

 
 
 
$
(0.6
)
 
$
(4.9
)
Total derivatives
 
$
229.9

 
$
224.7

 
 
 
$
(7.7
)
 
$
(11.3
)

    The following table presents the pre-tax amounts from derivative instruments affecting income and AOCI for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
 
Location of Gain or Loss
Recognized in Income on
Derivative
 
Gain (Loss)
Recognized in AOCI
 
Gain (Loss)
Reclassified into Income from AOCI
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Income on Derivative
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In millions
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
Foreign currency
Nonoperating income/expense
 
$
16.4

 
$
11.9

 
$
16.4

 
$
22.6

 
 
 
 
Interest rate
Interest expense
 
(90.8
)
 


 
(2.3
)
 
(0.6
)
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
$
(74.4
)
 
$
11.9

 
$
14.1

 
$
22.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency denominated debt
Nonoperating income/expense
 
$
91.3

 
$
104.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency derivatives
Nonoperating income/expense
 
15.0

 
9.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency derivatives(1)
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
7.3

 
$
5.1

Net investment hedges
 
$
106.3

 
$
113.5

 
 
 
 
 
$
7.3

 
$
5.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency
Nonoperating income/expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(10.9
)
 
$
(2.9
)
Equity
Selling, general & administrative expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(23.6
)
 
61.0

Undesignated derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(34.5
)
 
$
58.1

(1)The amount of gain (loss) recognized in income related to components excluded from effectiveness testing.







12


Fair Value Hedges
The Company enters into fair value hedges to reduce the exposure to changes in fair values of certain liabilities. The Company enters into fair value hedges that convert a portion of its fixed rate debt into floating rate debt by use of interest rate swaps.  At June 30, 2020, the carrying amount of fixed-rate debt that was effectively converted was $1.0 billion, which included an increase of $39.3 million of cumulative hedging adjustments. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized a $27.2 million gain on the fair value of interest rate swaps, and a corresponding loss on the fair value of the related hedged debt instrument to interest expense.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company enters into cash flow hedges to reduce the exposure to variability in certain expected future cash flows. To protect against the reduction in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows (such as royalties denominated in foreign currencies), the Company uses foreign currency forwards to hedge a portion of anticipated exposures. The hedges cover the next 18 months for certain exposures and are denominated in various currencies. To protect against the variability of interest rates of an anticipated bond issuance, the Company may use treasury locks to hedge a portion of the expected future cash flows.
As of June 30, 2020, the Company had derivatives outstanding with an equivalent notional amount of $934.9 million that hedged a portion of forecasted foreign currency denominated cash flows.
Based on market conditions at June 30, 2020, the $56.0 million in cumulative cash flow hedging losses, after tax, is not expected to have a significant effect on earnings over the next 12 months.
Net Investment Hedges
The Company primarily uses foreign currency denominated debt (third party and intercompany) to hedge its investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates. Realized and unrealized translation adjustments from these hedges are included in shareholders' equity in the foreign currency translation component of Other comprehensive income ("OCI") and offset translation adjustments on the underlying net assets of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates, which also are recorded in OCI. As of June 30, 2020, $12.2 billion of the Company's third party foreign currency denominated debt and $0.5 billion of intercompany foreign currency denominated debt was designated to hedge investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates.
Undesignated Derivatives
The Company enters into certain derivatives that are not designated for hedge accounting, therefore the changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized immediately in earnings together with the gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position. As an example, the Company enters into equity derivative contracts, including total return swaps, to hedge market-driven changes in certain of its supplemental benefit plan liabilities. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in Selling, general & administrative expenses together with the changes in the supplemental benefit plan liabilities. In addition, the Company uses foreign currency forwards to mitigate the change in fair value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized in Nonoperating (income) expense, net, along with the currency gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position.
Credit Risk
The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by its derivative counterparties. The Company did not have significant exposure to any individual counterparty at June 30, 2020 and has master agreements that contain netting arrangements. For financial reporting purposes, the Company presents gross derivative balances in the financial statements and supplementary data, including for counterparties subject to netting arrangements. Some of these agreements also require each party to post collateral if credit ratings fall below, or aggregate exposures exceed, certain contractual limits. At June 30, 2020, the Company was required to post an immaterial amount of collateral due to the negative fair value of certain derivative positions. The Company's counterparties were not required to post collateral on any derivative position, other than on certain hedges of the Company’s supplemental benefit plan liabilities where the counterparties were required to post collateral on their liability positions.

13


Franchise Arrangements
Revenues from franchised restaurants consisted of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
In millions
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rents
$
1,314.9

 
$
1,898.6

 
$
2,983.1

 
$
3,646.2

Royalties
762.0

 
1,031.8

 
1,690.8

 
1,988.5

Initial fees
11.1

 
10.5

 
22.1

 
21.3

Revenues from franchised restaurants
$
2,088.0

 
$
2,940.9

 
$
4,696.0

 
$
5,656.0



Segment Information
The Company operates under an organizational structure with the following global business segments reflecting how management reviews and evaluates operating performance:
•
U.S. - the Company's largest market. The segment is 95% franchised as of June 30, 2020.
•
International Operated Markets - comprised of wholly-owned markets, or countries in which the Company operates restaurants, including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Spain and the U.K. The segment is 84% franchised as of June 30, 2020.
•
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate - comprised of primarily developmental licensee and affiliate markets in the McDonald’s system. Corporate activities are also reported within this segment. The segment is 98% franchised as of June 30, 2020.
The following table presents the Company’s revenues and operating income by segment:
 
Quarters Ended
 
Six Months Ended
  
June 30,
 
June 30,
In millions
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
1,758.6

 
$
2,043.8

 
$
3,629.6

 
$
3,931.4

International Operated Markets
1,612.5

 
2,904.5

 
4,016.8

 
5,587.2

International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
390.4

 
461.5

 
829.5

 
915.3

Total revenues
$
3,761.5

 
$
5,409.8

 
$
8,475.9

 
$
10,433.9

Operating Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
735.2

 
$
1,048.8

 
1,627.6

 
2,000.7

International Operated Markets
234.8

 
1,218.8

 
1,113.9

 
2,266.8

International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
(8.9
)
 
6.3

 
(86.8
)
 
100.4

Total operating income
$
961.1

 
$
2,273.9

 
2,654.7

 
4,367.9



Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In July 2020, the Company announced its plan to divest a portion of our stake in McDonald’s Japan, which is a publicly traded company on the Japan Exchange Group (JASDAQ). The Company currently owns about 49% of McDonald's Japan and we record our share of net results in Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates. We will retain at least a 35% ownership and expect the divestiture will occur gradually over time.
On July 30, 2020 the Company repaid the total $1 billion balance on its line of credit that was classified as Short-term borrowings on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2020. The $1 billion line of credit agreement remains in place and the amount remains available to be borrowed.
There were no other subsequent events that required recognition or disclosure.

14

Item  2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
The Company franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants, which serve a locally-relevant menu of quality food and beverages in 119 countries. Of the 39,020 restaurants at June 30, 2020, 36,371 were franchised, which is 93% of McDonald's restaurants.
The Company’s reporting segments are aligned with its strategic priorities and reflect how management reviews and evaluates operating performance. Significant reportable segments include the United States ("U.S.") and International Operated Markets. In addition, throughout this report we present the International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate segment, which includes markets in over 80 countries, as well as Corporate activities.
McDonald’s franchised restaurants are owned and operated under one of the following structures - conventional franchise, developmental license or affiliate. The optimal ownership structure for an individual restaurant, trading area or market (country) is based on a variety of factors, including the availability of individuals with entrepreneurial experience and financial resources, as well as the local, legal and regulatory environment in critical areas such as property ownership and franchising. The business relationship between McDonald’s and its independent franchisees is supported by adhering to standards and policies and is of fundamental importance to overall performance and to protecting the McDonald’s brand.
The Company is primarily a franchisor and believes franchising is paramount to delivering great-tasting food, locally relevant customer experiences and driving profitability. Franchising enables an individual to be their own employer and maintain control over all employment related matters, marketing and pricing decisions, while also benefiting from the strength of McDonald’s global brand, operating system and financial resources.
Directly operating McDonald’s restaurants contributes significantly to our ability to act as a credible franchisor. One of the strengths of the franchising model is that the expertise from operating Company-owned restaurants allows McDonald’s to improve the operations and success of all restaurants while innovations from franchisees can be tested and, when viable, efficiently implemented across relevant restaurants. Company-owned and operated restaurants provide Company personnel with a venue for restaurant operations training experience. In addition, in our Company-owned and operated restaurants, and in collaboration with franchisees, we are able to further develop and refine operating standards, marketing concepts and product and pricing strategies that will ultimately benefit McDonald’s restaurants.
The Company’s revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Fees vary by type of site, amount of Company investment, if any, and local business conditions. These fees, along with occupancy and operating rights, are stipulated in franchise/license agreements that generally have 20-year terms. The Company’s Other revenues are comprised of technology fees paid by franchisees, revenues from brand licensing arrangements, and third party revenues for the Dynamic Yield business.
Conventional Franchise
Under a conventional franchise arrangement, the Company generally owns or secures a long-term lease on the land and building for the restaurant location and the franchisee pays for equipment, signs, seating and décor. The Company believes that ownership of real estate, combined with the co-investment by franchisees, enables us to achieve restaurant performance levels that are among the highest in the industry.
Franchisees are responsible for reinvesting capital in their businesses over time. In addition, to accelerate implementation of certain initiatives, the Company may co-invest with franchisees to fund improvements to their restaurants or their operating systems. These investments, developed in collaboration with franchisees, are designed to cater to consumer preferences, improve local business performance, and increase the value of our brand through the development of modernized, more attractive and higher revenue generating restaurants.
The Company requires franchisees to meet rigorous standards and generally does not work with passive investors. The business relationship with franchisees is designed to facilitate consistency and high quality at all McDonald’s restaurants. Conventional franchisees contribute to the Company’s revenue, primarily through the payment of rent and royalties based upon a percent of sales, with specified minimum rent payments, along with initial fees paid upon the opening of a new restaurant or grant of a new franchise. The Company's heavily franchised business model is designed to generate stable and predictable revenue, which is largely a function of franchisee sales, and resulting cash flow streams. As most revenues are based on a percent of sales, the Company expects that temporary restaurant closures, limited operations and dramatic changes in consumer behavior, as a result of COVID-19, will continue to have a significant negative impact on revenues.
Developmental License or Affiliate
Under a developmental license or affiliate arrangement, licensees are responsible for operating and managing the business, providing capital (including the real estate interest) and developing and opening new restaurants. The Company generally does not invest any capital under a developmental license or affiliate arrangement, and it receives a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally receives initial fees upon the opening of a new restaurant or grant of a new license.

15

While developmental license and affiliate arrangements are largely the same, affiliate arrangements are used in a limited number of foreign markets (primarily China and Japan) where the Company also has an equity investment and records its share of net results in Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates.
As both royalty revenues and the Company's share of net results in equity investments are based on sales results, the Company expects to continue to have a significant negative impact to revenues and Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates as a result of COVID-19.

COVID-19 Impact and Strategic Direction
Driven by our Velocity Growth Plan (the "Plan") the Company delivered strong global comparable sales in 2019 and early 2020. The outbreak of COVID-19 and the resulting operational impact brought on by several related factors, including temporary restaurant closures, limited operations and dramatic changes in consumer behavior, led to a marked decline in sales during the second half of March and early in the second quarter. The Company focused on contactless service and enhancing operating procedures to create a safe environment for both customers and crew. Global monthly comparable sales sequentially improved throughout the second quarter as markets reopened and government restrictions eased. In addition, the Company is:
•
Capitalizing on our high drive-thru penetration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our drive-thru presence around the world has proven to be a competitive advantage as markets with a higher percentage of drive-thru are showing quicker recovery.
•
Focusing on running great restaurants by simplifying operations through a limited menu rooted in our core, iconic menu items and by creating a better customer experience with improved speed of service.
While the Company cannot predict the duration or scope of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has negatively impacted the business and our financial results, condition and outlook. The Company has demonstrated the strategic foresight that will position our business for future success. This includes the Company’s investments in technology and new capabilities through the following initiatives:

•
Delivery. We now offer delivery in over 27,000 restaurants around the world and our delivery sales are up significantly versus pre-COVID-19 levels. We have been leveraging learnings throughout the System and sharing innovative best practices across our markets, including the use of contactless delivery, to adapt to changing customer behaviors. We continue to see great opportunities with delivery, and are focusing our efforts on encouraging customer order frequency and retention in 2020 and beyond.
•
Digital. The investments the Company has made over the past several years with our emerging digital customer experience platform; including mobile order and pay and the acquisitions of Dynamic Yield and Apprente, remain a priority for our business. Dynamic Yield has been implemented via outdoor digital menu boards across the U.S. and Australia, offering customers a more customized experience, while Apprente, the conversational interface technology is expected to provide more efficient and accurate ordering in the drive-thru in the future. Our digital investments enable us to give customers more choices and flexibility in how they order, pay, and receive their food during this unprecedented time and will remain important to our business moving forward.
The Company is confident that our customer focus and current prioritization of resources will be important levers as we drive our recovery and we will continue to use our strategic agility to adapt to the evolving environment. While the Plan has served us well and elements of the Plan will continue to be important, we will continue to evolve the strategy as needed to meet the needs of the customer.









16

Second Quarter and Six Months 2020 Financial Performance
Global comparable sales increased 7.2% for the two months ended February 2020, with all segments benefiting from Leap Day. Globally, sales results began to markedly decline during the second half of March due to COVID-19. Throughout the second quarter of 2020, the U.S., International Operated Markets segment and global monthly comparable sales results sequentially improved as markets reopened restaurants and governments eased restrictions. Global comparable sales decreased 23.9% for the quarter and 14.0% for the six months.
•
U.S. comparable sales decreased 8.7% for the quarter and 4.5% for the six months. Comparable sales results for the second quarter of 2020 continued to benefit from strong average check growth. Comparable guest counts remained negative, particularly at the breakfast daypart.
•
International Operated Markets segment comparable sales decreased 41.4% for the quarter and 24.8% for the six months. Both periods were heavily impacted by temporary restaurant closures and limited operations, particularly in the U.K. and France.
•
International Developmental Licensed Markets segment comparable sales decreased 24.2% for the quarter and 14.4% for the six months. The second quarter results were primarily impacted by temporary restaurant closures across nearly all geographies, most notably in Latin America. Results for the quarter and six months reflected continued negative comparable sales in China. Results for both periods also reflected positive comparable sales in Japan.
In addition to the comparable sales results, the Company had the following financial results for the quarter and six months 2020:
•
Consolidated revenues decreased 30% (29% in constant currencies) for the quarter and 19% (17% in constant currencies) for the six months.
•
Systemwide sales decreased 24% (23% in constant currencies) for the quarter and 14% (13% in constant currencies) for the six months.
•
Consolidated operating income decreased 58% (57% in constant currencies) for the quarter and 39% (38% in constant currencies) for the six months.
•
Diluted earnings per share decreased 67% (66% in constant currencies) to $0.65 for the quarter and decreased 43% (42% in constant currencies) to $2.12 for the six months. Refer to the Net Income and Diluted Earnings per Share section on page 19 for additional details.

Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, impairment and other strategic charges and gains, as well as income tax provision adjustments related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("Tax Act"), and bases incentive compensation plans on these results, because the Company believes this better represents underlying business trends.
The Following Definitions Apply to these Terms as Used Throughout this Form 10-Q:
•
Constant currency results exclude the effects of foreign currency translation and are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, impairment and other strategic charges and gains, as well as income tax provision adjustments related to the Tax Act, and bases incentive compensation plans on these results, because the Company believes this better represents underlying business trends.
•
Comparable sales are compared to the same period in the prior year and represent sales at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees, in operation at least thirteen months including those temporarily closed. Some of the reasons restaurants may be temporarily closed include reimaging or remodeling, rebuilding, road construction and natural disasters (which includes restaurants temporarily closed due to COVID-19 in 2020). Comparable sales exclude the impact of currency translation, and, since 2017, also exclude sales from Venezuela due to its hyper-inflation. Management generally identifies hyper-inflationary markets as those markets whose cumulative inflation rate over a three-year period exceeds 100%. Management believes that these exclusions more accurately reflect the underlying business trends. Comparable sales are driven by changes in guest counts and average check, which is affected by changes in pricing and product mix. The goal is to achieve a relatively balanced contribution from both guest counts and average check.
•
Comparable guest counts represent the number of transactions at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees, in operation at least thirteen months including those temporarily closed.
•
Systemwide sales include sales at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees. While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes the information is important in understanding the Company's financial performance, because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base. The Company's revenues consist solely of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from franchised restaurants operated by conventional franchisees, developmental licensees and affiliates.


17

CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarter Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Dollars in millions, except per share data
June 30, 2020
 
June 30, 2020
 
Amount
 
 
Increase/
(Decrease)

 
Amount
 
 
Increase/
(Decrease)

Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales by Company-operated restaurants
 
$
1,593.7

 
(34
)%
 
 
$
3,619.5

 
(22
)%
Revenues from franchised restaurants
 
2,088.0

 
(29
)
 
 
4,696.0

 
(17
)
Other revenues
 
79.8

 
16

 
 
160.4

 
17

Total revenues
 
3,761.5

 
(30
)
 
 
8,475.9

 
(19
)
Operating costs and expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company-operated restaurant expenses
 
1,448.4

 
(26
)
 
 
3,201.2

 
(17
)
Franchised restaurants-occupancy expenses
 
524.5

 
(4
)
 
 
1,078.7

 
0

Other restaurant expenses
 
63.3

 
14

 
 
128.8

 
18

Selling, general & administrative expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
71.0

 
12

 
 
144.5

 
16

Other
 
576.0

 
23

 
 
1,092.3

 
20

Other operating (income) expense, net
 
117.2

 
n/m

 
 
175.7

 
n/m

Total operating costs and expenses
 
2,800.4

 
(11
)
 
 
5,821.2

 
(4
)
Operating income
 
961.1

 
(58
)
 
 
2,654.7

 
(39
)
Interest expense
 
319.1

 
12

 
 
599.1

 
7

Nonoperating (income) expense, net
 
(6.7
)
 
63

 
 
(38.0
)
 
(29
)
Income before provision for income taxes
 
648.7

 
(68
)
 
 
2,093.6

 
(45
)
Provision for income taxes
 
164.9

 
(66
)
 
 
502.9

 
(49
)
Net income
 
$
483.8

 
(68
)%
 
 
$
1,590.7

 
(44
)%
Earnings per common share-basic
 
$
0.65

 
(67
)%
 
 
$
2.14

 
(43
)%
Earnings per common share-diluted
 
$
0.65

 
(67
)%
 
 
$
2.12

 
(43
)%
n/m Not meaningful

18

Impact of Foreign Currency Translation
While changes in foreign currency exchange rates affect reported results, McDonald's mitigates exposures, where practical, by purchasing goods and services in local currencies, financing in local currencies and hedging certain foreign-denominated cash flows. Results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation (also referred to as constant currency) are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates.
IMPACT OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions, except per share data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency
Translation
Benefit/ (Cost)
 
Quarters Ended June 30,
 
2020

 
 
2019

 
 
2020

Revenues
 
$
3,761.5

 
 
$
5,409.8

 
 
$
(82.5
)
Company-operated margins
 
145.3

 
 
433.3

 
 
(1.3
)
Franchised margins
 
1,563.5

 
 
2,396.2

 
 
(21.1
)
Selling, general & administrative expenses
 
647.0

 
 
533.1

 
 
4.8

Operating income
 
961.1

 
 
2,273.9

 
 
(16.5
)
Net income
 
483.8

 
 
1,516.9

 
 
(10.5
)
Earnings per share-diluted
 
$
0.65

 
 
$
1.97

 
 
$
(0.01
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency
Translation
Benefit/ (Cost)
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2020

 
 
2019

 
 
2020

Revenues
 
$
8,475.9

 
 
$
10,433.9

 
 
$
(157.3
)
Company-operated margins
 
418.3

 
 
787.6

 
 
(4.9
)
Franchised margins
 
3,617.3

 
 
4,578.2

 
 
(56.3
)
Selling, general & administrative expenses
 
1,236.8

 
 
1,032.2

 
 
8.6

Operating income
 
2,654.7

 
 
4,367.9

 
 
(52.8
)
Net income
 
1,590.7

 
 
2,845.3

 
 
(23.3
)
Earnings per share-diluted
 
$
2.12

 
 
$
3.69

 
 
$
(0.03
)
•
The negative impact of foreign currency translation on consolidated operating results for the quarter and six months primarily reflected the weakening of the Australian Dollar and Euro.

Net Income and Diluted Earnings per Share
For the quarter, net income decreased 68% (67% in constant currencies) to $483.8 million, and diluted earnings per share decreased 67% (66% in constant currencies) to $0.65. Foreign currency translation had a negative impact of $0.01 on diluted earnings per share.
For the six months, net income decreased 44% (43% in constant currencies) to $1,590.7 million, and diluted earnings per share decreased 43% (42% in constant currencies) to $2.12. Foreign currency translation had a negative impact of $0.03 on diluted earnings per share.
Results for the quarter and six months reflected sales performance declines due to temporary restaurant closures, limited operations and dramatic changes in consumer behavior as a result of COVID-19.
Results for the quarter and six months also included the following:
•
Over $200 million of committed incremental franchisee support for marketing to accelerate recovery and drive growth across the U.S. and International Operated Markets.
◦
About $100 million was recorded in the U.S., with over half of that amount reflected in franchised margins and the remaining amount reflected in Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.
◦
The remaining over $100 million of support was recorded in Selling, General and Administrative Expenses in the International Operated Markets segment.
•
$31 million of payments to distribution centers for obsolete inventory to support franchisee liquidity (reflected in Other Operating (Income) Expenses, Net).
•
An increase in reserves for bad debts of $45 million and $92 million for the quarter and six months, respectively.
•
Lower gains on sales of restaurant businesses.
•
Lower equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates.

19

Outlined below is additional information for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2020:

EARNINGS PER SHARE-DILUTED RECONCILIATION
 
Quarters Ended June 30,
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

 
 
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

 
GAAP earnings per share-diluted
$
0.65

 
$
1.97

 
(67
)
%
 
(66
)
%
 
$
2.12

 
$
3.69

 
(43
)
%
 
(42
)
%
Strategic charges
0.01

 
0.08

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.01

 
0.08

 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP earnings per share-diluted
$
0.66

 
$
2.05

 
(68
)
%
 
(67
)
%
 
$
2.13

 
$
3.77

 
(44
)
%
 
(43
)
%

Results for the quarter and six months 2020 included $0.01 per share of pre-tax strategic charges primarily due to the write-off of impaired software that was no longer being used of $12 million and $26 million, respectively. The six months was offset by $13 million of income primarily comprised of a reversal of a reserve associated with the Company's sale of its business in the India Delhi market in January 2020.
Results for the quarter and six months 2019 included $78 million of pre-tax strategic charges, or $0.08 per share, primarily related to impairment associated with the purchase of our joint venture partner's interest in the India Delhi market, partly offset by gains on the sales of property at the former Corporate headquarters.
Diluted earnings per share for both periods benefited from a decrease in diluted weighted average shares outstanding. For the six months, the Company repurchased 4.3 million shares of stock for $871.2 million. The Company suspended its share repurchase program in early March; therefore, no shares have been repurchased since then. In addition, in the second quarter, the Company paid a quarterly dividend of $1.25 per share, or $929.7 million, bringing total dividends paid for the six months to $1.9 billion.

Revenues
The Company's revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees, developmental licensees and affiliates. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from restaurants licensed to developmental licensees and affiliates include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees. The Company’s Other revenues are comprised of fees paid by franchisees to recover a portion of costs incurred by the Company for various technology platforms, revenues from brand licensing arrangements to market and sell consumer packaged goods using the McDonald’s brand, and third party revenues for the Dynamic Yield business.
Franchised restaurants represented 93% of McDonald's restaurants worldwide at June 30, 2020. The Company's heavily franchised business model is designed to generate stable and predictable revenue, which is largely a function of franchisee sales, and resulting cash flow streams. As most revenues are based on a percent of sales, the Company expects that temporary restaurant closures, limited operations and dramatic changes in consumer behavior as a result of COVID-19 will continue to have a significant negative impact on revenue. The Company has granted the deferral of cash collection for certain rent and royalties earned from franchisees in substantially all markets. The extent of the deferrals differs in length by market. Although the Company is deferring cash collection, revenue is continuing to be recognized as sales are incurred.


20

REVENUES
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

Inc/ (Dec)

Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

Company-operated sales
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
551.8

 
$
634.8

(13
)%
(13
)%
International Operated Markets
882.8

 
1,621.9

(46
)
(43
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
159.1

 
143.7

11

16

Total
$
1,593.7

 
$
2,400.4

(34
)%
(31
)%
Franchised revenues
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
1,165.2

 
$
1,372.8

(15
)%
(15
)%
International Operated Markets
706.5

 
1,262.4

(44
)
(42
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
216.3

 
305.7

(29
)
(26
)
Total
$
2,088.0

 
$
2,940.9

(29
)%
(28
)%
Total Company-operated sales and Franchised revenues
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
1,717.0

 
$
2,007.6

(14
)%
(14
)%
International Operated Markets
1,589.3

 
2,884.3

(45
)
(43
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
375.4

 
449.4

(16
)
(13
)
Total
$
3,681.7

 
$
5,341.3

(31
)%
(30
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Other revenues
$
79.8

 
$
68.5

16
 %
18
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Revenues
$
3,761.5

 
$
5,409.8

(30
)%
(29
)%
Six Months Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

Inc/ (Dec)

Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

Company-operated sales
 
 
 
 

 
U.S.
$
1,131.0

 
$
1,232.4

(8
)%
(8
)%
International Operated Markets
2,188.1

 
3,109.8

(30
)
(27
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
300.4

 
298.7

1

6

Total
$
3,619.5

 
$
4,640.9

(22
)%
(20
)%
Franchised revenues
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
2,415.9

 
$
2,621.4

(8
)%
(8
)%
International Operated Markets
1,780.5

 
2,437.5

(27
)
(25
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
499.6

 
597.1

(16
)
(13
)
Total
$
4,696.0

 
$
5,656.0

(17
)%
(16
)%
Total Company-operated sales and Franchised revenues
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
3,546.9

 
$
3,853.8

(8
)%
(8
)%
International Operated Markets
3,968.6

 
5,547.3

(28
)
(26
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
800.0

 
895.8

(11
)
(7
)
Total
$
8,315.5

 
$
10,296.9

(19
)%
(18
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Other revenues
$
160.4

 
$
137.0

17
 %
18
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Revenues
$
8,475.9

 
$
10,433.9

(19
)%
(17
)%
•
Total Company-operated sales and franchised revenues decreased 31% (30% in constant currencies) for the quarter and decreased 19% (18% in constant currencies) for the six months. Both periods reflected sales performance declines as a result of COVID-19. Revenue declines for both periods were more significant in the International Operated Markets segment, primarily driven by the temporary restaurant closures and limited operations, particularly in the U.K. and France. For the six months, results also reflected strong global comparable sales results for the two months ended February 2020.

21

Comparable Sales
The following table presents the percent change in comparable sales:
 
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
 
Month Ended
 
Quarters Ended June 30,
 
 
April 30, 2020

May 31, 2020

June 30, 2020

 
2020

 
2019

U.S.
 
(19.2
)%
(5.1
)%
(2.3
)%
 
(8.7
)%
 
5.7
%
International Operated Markets
 
(66.7
)
(40.5
)
(18.4
)
 
(41.4
)
 
6.6

International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
 
(32.3
)
(20.0
)
(20.3
)
 
(24.2
)
 
7.9

Total
 
(39.0
)%
(20.9
)%
(12.3
)%
 
(23.9
)%
 
6.5
%
 
Increase/(Decrease)
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2020

 
2019

U.S.
(4.5
)%
 
5.1
%
International Operated Markets
(24.8
)
 
6.3

International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
(14.4
)
 
6.9

Total
(14.0
)%
 
6.0
%

Systemwide Sales and Franchised Sales
The following table presents the percent change in Systemwide sales for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2020:
 
Quarter Ended June 30, 2020
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

U.S.
(9
)%
 
(9
)%
 
(5
)%
 
(5
)%
International Operated Markets
(43
)
 
(41
)
 
(26
)
 
(24
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
(24
)
 
(22
)
 
(15
)
 
(12
)
Total
(24
)%
 
(23
)%
 
(14
)%
 
(13
)%
*
Unlike comparable sales, the Company has not excluded hyper-inflationary market results (currently, only Venezuela) from Systemwide sales as these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records revenues.


22

Franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, but are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base. The following table presents Franchised sales and the related increases/(decreases):
FRANCHISED SALES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended June 30,
 
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

U.S.
 
$
8,889.9

 
$
9,710.9

 
(8
)%
 
(8
)%
International Operated Markets
 
4,184.9

 
7,196.4

 
(42
)
 
(40
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
 
4,381.7

 
5,868.3

 
(25
)
 
(23
)
Total
 
$
17,456.5

 
$
22,775.6

 
(23
)%
 
(22
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ownership type
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conventional franchised
 
$
13,051.1

 
$
16,810.3

 
(22
)%
 
(22
)%
Developmental licensed
 
2,056.9

 
3,556.8

 
(42
)
 
(38
)
Foreign affiliated
 
2,348.5

 
2,408.5

 
(3
)
 
(2
)
Total
 
$
17,456.5

 
$
22,775.6

 
(23
)%
 
(22
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

U.S.
 
$
17,763.6

 
$
18,561.3

 
(4
)%
 
(4
)%
International Operated Markets
 
10,377.6

 
13,861.2

 
(25
)
 
(23
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
 
9,828.7

 
11,563.6

 
(15
)
 
(12
)
Total
 
$
37,969.9

 
$
43,986.1

 
(14
)%
 
(12
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ownership type
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conventional franchised
 
$
28,037.5

 
$
32,276.3

 
(13
)%
 
(12
)%
Developmental licensed
 
5,284.9

 
6,879.6

 
(23
)
 
(19
)
Foreign affiliated
 
4,647.5

 
4,830.2

 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Total
 
$
37,969.9

 
$
43,986.1

 
(14
)%
 
(12
)%

23

Restaurant Margins
RESTAURANT MARGINS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions
 
Amount    
 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

Quarters Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

 
 
Franchised
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
882.7

 
$
1,093.0

 
(19
)%
 
(19
)%
International Operated Markets
470.5

 
1,004.5

 
(53
)
 
(52
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
210.3

 
298.7

 
(30
)
 
(27
)
Total
$
1,563.5

 
$
2,396.2

 
(35
)%
 
(34
)%
Company-operated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
83.3

 
$
103.7

 
(20
)%
 
(20
)%
International Operated Markets
57.1

 
328.4

 
(83
)
 
(82
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
145.3

 
$
433.3

 
(66
)%
 
(66
)%
Total restaurant margins
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
966.0

 
$
1,196.7

 
(19
)%
 
(19
)%
International Operated Markets
527.6

 
1,332.9

 
(60
)
 
(59
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
1,708.8

 
$
2,829.5

 
(40
)%
 
(39
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amount
 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

Six Months Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

 
 
Franchised
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
1,844.0

 
$
2,072.7

 
(11
)%
 
(11
)%
International Operated Markets
1,285.8

 
1,923.5

 
(33
)
 
(31
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
487.5

 
582.0

 
(16
)
 
(13
)
Total
$
3,617.3

 
$
4,578.2

 
(21
)%
 
(20
)%
Company-operated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
163.8

 
$
187.0

 
(12
)%
 
(12
)%
International Operated Markets
254.8

 
597.4

 
(57
)
 
(57
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
418.3

 
$
787.6

 
(47
)%
 
(46
)%
Total restaurant margins
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
$
2,007.8

 
$
2,259.7

 
(11
)%
 
(11
)%
International Operated Markets
1,540.6

 
2,520.9

 
(39
)
 
(37
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
4,035.6

 
$
5,365.8

 
(25
)%
 
(24
)%
n/m Not meaningful

•
Total restaurant margins decreased $1,120.7 million or 40% (39% in constant currencies) for the quarter and decreased $1,330.2 million or 25% (24% in constant currencies) for the six months, primarily due to sales performance declines as a result of COVID-19. Franchised margins represented about 90% of restaurant margin dollars for both the quarter and six months.
The U.S. franchised margin decrease for both periods also reflected additional committed support provided for marketing to accelerate recovery and drive growth, including the free Thank You Meals served across the country to first responders and health care workers. In addition, both periods reflected higher depreciation costs related to investments in Experience of the Future ("EOTF").
The U.S. and International Operated Markets segments Company-operated margins for both periods also reflected incremental COVID-19 expenses incurred for employee related costs, personal protective equipment, signage and other restaurant costs.
•
Total restaurant margins included $354.6 million and $705.5 million of depreciation and amortization expense for the quarter and six months, respectively.


24



Selling, General & Administrative Expenses
•
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $113.9 million or 21% (22% in constant currencies) for the quarter and $204.6 million or 20% (21% in constant currencies) for the six months. Both periods reflected about $160 million of committed incremental marketing contributions by the Company to the System's advertising cooperative arrangements across the U.S. and International Operated Markets to accelerate recovery and drive growth, partly offset by lower travel costs and incentive-based compensation expense. The six months also reflected $40 million of costs related to the cancellation of the 2020 Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention; approximately $20 million of incremental costs related to contractual obligations as a result of a reduction in scope of certain investments in restaurant technology and research & development; and Dynamic Yield costs which were not included in the first quarter 2019.
•
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of Systemwide sales was 3.0% and 2.1% for the six months ended 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net
OTHER OPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
June 30,
 
2020

 
2019

 
2020

 
2019

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses
$
(0.3
)
 
$
(43.9
)
 
$
(2.8
)
 
$
(73.0
)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
(4.5
)
 
(34.1
)
 
(19.2
)
 
(69.2
)
Asset dispositions and other (income) expense, net
110.0

 
35.3

 
184.4

 
57.6

Impairment and other charges, net
12.0

 
78.3

 
13.3

 
78.6

Total
$
117.2

 
$
35.6

 
$
175.7

 
$
(6.0
)
•
Gains on sales of restaurant businesses decreased for the quarter and six months primarily due to fewer restaurant sales, primarily in the U.K. and the U.S.
•
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates declined for the quarter and six months primarily due to sales performance declines as a result of COVID-19 in both the International Operated Markets and International Developmental Licensed Markets.
•
Asset dispositions and other expense, net increased for the quarter and six months reflecting $31 million of payments to distribution centers for obsolete inventory to support franchisee liquidity. Results also reflected $45 million and $92 million of increased reserves for bad debts for the quarter and six months, respectively.
•
Impairment and other charges, net for the quarter and six months 2020 reflected the write-off of impaired software that was no longer being used of $11.9 million and $26.3 million, respectively. The six months was mostly offset by $13.0 million of income primarily comprised of a reversal of a reserve associated with the Company's sale of its business in the India Delhi market in January 2020. Results for the quarter and six months 2019 primarily reflected $99.4 million of impairment associated with the purchase of our joint venture partner's interest in the India Delhi market, partly offset by $19.5 million of gains on the sales of property at the former Corporate headquarters.



25

Operating Income
OPERATING INCOME
Dollars in millions
Quarters Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Inc/ (Dec)
Excluding
Currency
Translation

U.S.
$
735.2

 
$
1,048.8

 
(30
)%
 
(30
)%
International Operated Markets
234.8

 
1,218.8

 
(81
)
 
(80
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
(8.9
)
 
6.3

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
961.1

 
$
2,273.9

 
(58
)%
 
(57
)%
Six Months Ended June 30,
2020

 
2019

 
Inc/ (Dec)

 
Increase
Excluding
Currency
Translation

U.S.
$
1,627.6

 
$
2,000.7

 
(19
)%
 
(19
)%
International Operated Markets
1,113.9

 
2,266.8

 
(51
)
 
(49
)
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate
(86.8
)
 
100.4

 
n/m

 
n/m

Total
$
2,654.7

 
$
4,367.9

 
(39
)%
 
(38
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating margin
31.3
%
 
41.9
%
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP operating Margin
31.5
%
 
42.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
n/m Not meaningful

•
Operating Income: Operating income decreased $1,312.8 million or 58% (57% in constant currencies) for the quarter and decreased $1,713.2 million or 39% (38% in constant currencies) for the six months. The operating income decrease for both periods in all segments primarily reflected sales performance declines as a result of COVID-19.
•
U.S.: Results for the quarter and six months also reflected about $100 million of incremental committed support for marketing to accelerate recovery and drive growth. Both periods also reflected lower gains on sales of restaurant businesses.
•
International Operated Markets: The operating income decrease for the quarter and six months also reflected over $100 million of incremental committed support for marketing to accelerate recovery and drive growth; incremental COVID-19 Company-operated expenses for employee related costs, personal protective equipment, signage and other restaurant costs; lower equity in earnings from unconsolidated affiliates; and $23 million of payments to distribution centers for obsolete inventory.
•
International Developmental Licensed Markets & Corporate: Results for both the quarter and six months also reflected lower equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates and $45 million and $92 million of increased reserves for bad debts for the quarter and six months, respectively. Results for both the quarter and six months 2019 reflected approximately $78 million of net impairment and strategic charges.
•
Operating Margin: Operating margin is defined as operating income as a percent of total revenues. The contributions to operating margin differ by segment due to each segment's ownership structure, primarily due to the relative percentage of franchised versus Company-operated restaurants. Additionally, the number of temporary restaurant closures, which varies by segment, as a result of COVID-19, also impacts the contribution of each segment to the consolidated operating margin.
The decrease in operating margin percent for the six months was driven by a decline in sales performance, higher other operating expenses and higher G&A. While the sales driven franchised margin decline had a dilutive effect on operating margin percent, franchised margins represented about 90% of overall margin dollars and were a key component of operating income.

Interest Expense
•
Interest expense increased 12% (13% in constant currencies) for the quarter and increased 7% (8% in constant currencies) for the six months, reflecting higher average debt balances, partly offset by a decrease in the amount of Euro denominated deposits incurring interest expense as a result of the Company's cash management strategies.
•
Based on current interest and foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects interest expense for the full year 2020 to increase about 10% to 12% due primarily to higher average debt balances as a result of additional issuances in response to COVID-19.

26

Nonoperating (Income) Expense, Net
NONOPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dollars in millions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarters Ended
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
June 30,
 
2020

 
2019

 
2020

 
2019

Interest income
$
(5.0
)
 
$
(10.7
)
 
$
(10.4
)
 
$
(20.7
)
Foreign currency and hedging activity
(0.6
)
 
(10.4
)
 
(18.4
)
 
(19.7
)
Other expense, net
(1.1
)
 
3.0

 
(9.2
)
 
10.9

Total
$
(6.7
)
 
$
(18.1
)
 
$
(38.0
)
 
$
(29.5
)


Income Taxes
•
The effective income tax rate was 25.4% and 24.5% for the quarters ended 2020 and 2019, respectively, and 24.0% and 25.9% for the six months ended 2020 and 2019, respectively.
•
Results for the six months 2019 included $47 million of additional income tax costs due to regulations issued in January 2019 related to the Tax Act.

Cash Flows and Liquidity
The Company has a long history of generating significant cash from operations and has substantial credit capacity to fund operating and discretionary spending such as capital expenditures, debt repayments, dividends and share repurchases. As our operations have been impacted due to COVID-19, we have taken actions to preserve financial flexibility.
Cash provided by operations totaled $1.3 billion and exceeded capital expenditures by $545.4 million for the six months 2020. Cash provided by operations decreased $2.6 billion compared with the six months 2019, primarily due to changes in working capital and the reduction in operating earnings due to COVID-19. The change in working capital is primarily driven by increased accounts receivable as the Company deferred collection of approximately $300 million and $800 million of rent and royalties earned from franchisees during the quarter and six months, respectively. The extent of the deferrals differs in length by market, but the deferrals primarily impact cash collection in the second quarter of 2020. As a result, free cash flow was negative in the second quarter. A majority of these deferrals are expected to be collected in the third and fourth quarters of 2020, therefore the Company expects free cash flow to be positive for the remainder of the year. The remaining amounts of deferrals are expected to be collected in the first and second quarters of 2021.
Cash used for investing activities totaled $915.0 million for the six months 2020, a decrease of $756.3 million compared with the six months 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower capital expenditures and reduced other investing activity as a result of a strategic acquisition of a real estate entity in the first quarter 2019. Refer to the Capital Expenditures and Restaurant Development Update section on page 28 for additional information.
Cash provided by financing activities totaled $2.0 billion for the six months 2020, an increase of $3.9 billion compared with the six months 2019. The increase is primarily due to long-term debt issuances of $5.5 billion in 2020 compared to issuances of $2.5 billion in 2019, and about $1.2 billion of lower treasury stock purchases in 2020 as the Company suspended its share repurchase program in early March 2020.
Debt obligations at June 30, 2020 totaled $38.8 billion compared with $34.2 billion at December 31, 2019. During the first quarter, the Company secured $6.5 billion of new financing, including $5.5 billion of debt issuances at various maturities and a new $1 billion line of credit that was drawn upon immediately. The Company also has $3.5 billion available under a committed line of credit, which has not been drawn upon, as well as continuing authority to issue commercial paper in the U.S. and global markets. On July 30, 2020 the Company repaid the total $1 billion balance on its line of credit that was classified as Short-term borrowings on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2020. The $1 billion line of credit agreement remains in place and the amount remains available to be borrowed.

27

Financing and Market Risk
Debt obligations at June 30, 2020 totaled $38.8 billion, compared with $34.2 billion at December 31, 2019. The net increase in 2020 was primarily due to net long-term debt issuances of $5.5 billion, which were used to bolster our cash position in anticipation of the adverse macroeconomic and business conditions associated with COVID-19.
In connection with the increased funding activity during the first quarter, both Moody’s and Standard & Poor's ("S&P") affirmed our Baa1/BBB+ credit ratings, although S&P put McDonald’s on negative outlook. There are no provisions in the Company’s debt obligations that would accelerate repayment of debt as a result of a change in credit ratings or a material adverse change in the Company’s business, and the Company continues to believe that Baa1/BBB+ ratings provide the optimal long-term cost of capital for shareholders.
In December 2019, the Company's Board of Directors authorized $15 billion of borrowing capacity with no specified expiration date, of which $9.5 billion remains outstanding as of June 30, 2020. These borrowings may include (i) public or private offering of debt securities; (ii) direct borrowing from banks or other financial institutions; and (iii) other forms of indebtedness.
In addition to the $15 billion authorized above, in April 2020 the Company’s Board of Directors provided additional authorization to issue commercial paper and draws on lines of credit agreements up to $8 billion. As the Company paid down the $1 billion line of credit in July 2020 as described in the Cash Flows and Liquidity section, the full $8 billion remains available to be borrowed.

Capital Expenditures and Restaurant Development Update
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in delayed development projects across the segments. The Company expects capital expenditures for 2020 to be approximately $1.6 billion. About $800 million will be dedicated to our U.S. business, about half of which is allocated to approximately 900 EOTF projects. Globally, the Company expects to open roughly 950 restaurants. We will spend approximately $500 million in the U.S. and International Operated segments to open about 270 restaurants and our developmental licensee and affiliates will contribute capital towards the remaining 680 restaurant openings in their respective markets. Additionally, the U.S. expects to close roughly 200 restaurants in 2020, which is an acceleration of closings planned for future years. Over half of the U.S. closures are lower sales volume McDonald's in Walmart store locations. The Company expects about 350 net restaurant additions in 2020.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent accounting pronouncements are discussed in Part I, Item 1, page 9 of this Form 10-Q.

28

Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The information in this report includes forward-looking statements about future events and circumstances and their effects upon revenues, expenses and business opportunities. Generally speaking, any statement in this report not based upon historical fact is a forward-looking statement. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by the use of forward-looking words, such as “could,” “should,” “continue,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “intend,” “look,” “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “remain” and “confident” or similar expressions. In particular, statements regarding our plans, strategies, prospects and expectations regarding our business and industry, including statements regarding the impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic and our responses thereto may have on our future operations, are forward-looking statements. They reflect our expectations, are not guarantees of performance and speak only as of the date the statement is made. Except as required by law, we do not undertake to update such forward-looking statements. Our business results are subject to a variety of risks, including those that are reflected in the following considerations and risks, as well as elsewhere in our filings with the SEC. If any of these considerations or risks materialize, our expectations (or the underlying assumptions) may change and our performance may be adversely affected. You should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected and could continue to adversely affect our financial results, condition and outlook.
Health epidemics or pandemics can adversely affect consumer spending and confidence levels and supply availability and costs, as well as the local operations in impacted markets, all of which can affect our financial results, condition and outlook. Importantly, the global pandemic known as COVID-19 has disrupted global health, economic and market conditions, consumer behavior and McDonald’s global restaurant operations beginning in early 2020. Local and national governmental mandates or recommendations and public perceptions of the risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have caused, and may continue to cause, consumer behavior to change and worsening or volatile economic conditions, which could continue to adversely affect our business. In addition, our global operations have been and may continue to be disrupted to varying degrees (from limited operations including drive-thru, delivery and/or take-away operations, sometimes with limited hours, menus and/or capacity, to full restaurant closures in some markets). While we cannot predict the duration or scope of the COVID-19 pandemic, or the resurgence of infections in one or more markets, the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted our business and such impact could be material to our financial results, condition and outlook.
The COVID-19 pandemic may also have the effect of heightening other risks disclosed in these Risk Factors, such as, but not limited to, those related to consumer behavior, consumer perceptions of our brand, supply chain interruptions and labor availability and cost.
If we do not successfully evolve and execute against our business strategies, including under the Velocity Growth Plan, we may not be able to increase operating income.
To drive operating income growth, our business strategies must be effective in maintaining and strengthening customer appeal, delivering sustainable guest count growth and driving a higher average check. Whether these strategies are successful depends mainly on our System’s ability to:
•
Continue to innovate and differentiate the McDonald’s experience, including by preparing and serving our food in a way that balances value and convenience to our customers with profitability;
•
Capitalize on our global scale, iconic brand and local market presence to enhance our ability to retain, regain and convert key customer groups;
•
Utilize our organizational structure to build on our progress and execute against our business strategies;
•
Integrate and augment our technology and digital initiatives, including mobile ordering and payment and delivery;
•
Identify and develop restaurant sites consistent with our plans for net growth of Systemwide restaurants;
•
Operate restaurants with high service levels and optimal capacity while managing the increasing complexity of our restaurant operations, create efficiencies through innovative use of technology and complete Experience of the Future (“EOTF”), particularly in the U.S.;
•
Accelerate our existing strategies, including through growth opportunities, acquisitions, investments and partnerships; and
•
Evolve and adjust our business strategies in response to, among other things, changing consumer behavior, operational restrictions and impacts to our results of operations and liquidity as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
If we are delayed or unsuccessful in executing our strategies, or if our strategies do not yield the desired results, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

29

Failure to preserve the value and relevance of our brand could have an adverse impact on our financial results.
To be successful in the future, we believe we must preserve, enhance and leverage the value of our brand. Brand value is based in part on consumer perceptions. Those perceptions are affected by a variety of factors, including the nutritional content and preparation of our food, the ingredients we use, the manner in which we source commodities and our general business practices. Consumer acceptance of our offerings is subject to change for a variety of reasons, and some changes can occur rapidly. For example, nutritional, health, environmental and other scientific studies and conclusions, which constantly evolve and may have contradictory implications, drive popular opinion, litigation and regulation (including initiatives intended to drive consumer behavior) in ways that affect the IEO segment or perceptions of our brand, generally or relative to available alternatives. Consumer perceptions may also be affected by adverse commentary from third parties, including through social media or conventional media outlets, regarding the quick-service category of the IEO segment, our brand, our operations, our suppliers, or our franchisees. If we are unsuccessful in addressing adverse commentary or perceptions, whether or not accurate, our brand and our financial results may suffer.
Additionally, the ongoing relevance of our brand may depend on the success of our sustainability initiatives, which require Systemwide coordination and alignment. We are working to manage any risks and costs to us, our franchisees and our supply chain of any effects of climate change, greenhouse gases, and diminishing energy and water resources. These risks include any increased public focus, including by governmental and nongovernmental organizations, on these and other environmental sustainability matters, such as packaging and waste, animal health and welfare, deforestation and land use. These risks also include any increased pressure to make commitments, set targets or establish additional goals and take actions to meet them. These risks could expose us to market, operational and execution costs or risks.
If we are not effective in addressing social and environmental responsibility matters or achieving relevant sustainability goals, consumer trust in our brand may suffer. In particular, business incidents or practices, whether actual or perceived, that erode consumer trust or confidence, particularly if such incidents or practices receive considerable publicity or result in litigation, can significantly reduce brand value and have a negative impact on our financial results.
If we do not anticipate and address evolving consumer preferences and effectively execute our pricing, promotional and marketing plans, our business could suffer.
Our continued success depends on our System’s ability to retain, regain and convert customers. In order to do so, we need to anticipate and respond effectively to continuously shifting consumer demographics and trends in food sourcing, food preparation, food offerings and consumer preferences and behaviors in the “informal eating out” (“IEO”) segment. If we are not able to predict, or quickly and effectively respond to, these changes, or our competitors predict or respond more effectively, our financial results could be adversely impacted.
Our ability to retain, regain and convert customers also depends on the impact of pricing, promotional and marketing plans across the System, and the ability to adjust these plans to respond quickly and effectively to evolving customer preferences, as well as shifting economic and competitive conditions. Existing or future pricing strategies, marketing plans, and the value proposition they represent, are expected to continue to be important components of our business strategy; however, they may not be successful in retaining, regaining and converting customers, or may not be as successful as the efforts of our competitors, and could negatively impact sales, guest counts and market share.
Additionally, we operate in a complex and costly advertising environment. Our marketing and advertising programs may not be successful in retaining, regaining and converting customers. Our success depends in part on whether the allocation of our advertising and marketing resources across different channels, including digital marketing, allows us to reach our customers effectively and efficiently, and in ways that are meaningful to them. If the advertising and marketing programs are not successful, or are not as successful as those of our competitors, our sales, guest counts and market share could decrease.
Our investments to enhance the customer experience, including through technology, may not generate the expected returns.
Our long-term business objectives depend on the successful Systemwide execution of our strategies. We continue to build upon our investments in technology and modernization, including in EOTF (which focuses on restaurant modernization), digital engagement and delivery, in order to transform the customer experience. As part of these investments, we are placing renewed emphasis on improving our service model and strengthening relationships with customers, in part through digital channels and loyalty initiatives, as well as mobile ordering and payment systems. We also continue to offer and refine our delivery initiatives, including through growing awareness and trial, and to enhance our drive-thru technologies, which may not generate expected returns. If these initiatives are not well executed, or if we do not fully realize the intended benefits of these significant investments, our business results may suffer.
We face intense competition in our markets, which could hurt our business.
We compete primarily in the IEO segment, which is highly competitive. We also face sustained, intense competition from traditional, fast casual and other competitors, which may include many non-traditional market participants such as convenience stores, grocery stores and coffee shops as well as online retailers. We expect our environment to continue to be highly competitive, and our results in any particular reporting period may be impacted by a contracting IEO segment or by new or continuing actions, product offerings or consolidation of our competitors and third party partners, which may have a short- or long-term impact on our results.

30

We compete on the basis of product choice, quality, affordability, service and location. In particular, we believe our ability to compete successfully in the current market environment depends on our ability to improve existing products, successfully develop and introduce new products, price our products appropriately, deliver a relevant customer experience, manage the complexity of our restaurant operations, manage our investments in technology and modernization, and respond effectively to our competitors’ actions or offerings or to unforeseen disruptive actions. There can be no assurance these strategies will be effective, and some strategies may be effective at improving some metrics while adversely affecting other metrics, which could have the overall effect of harming our business.
Unfavorable general economic conditions could adversely affect our business and financial results.
Our results of operations are substantially affected by economic conditions, which can vary significantly by market and can impact consumer disposable income levels and spending habits. Economic conditions can also be impacted by a variety of factors including hostilities, epidemics, pandemics and actions taken by governments to manage national and international economic matters, whether through austerity, stimulus measures or trade measures, and initiatives intended to control wages, unemployment, credit availability, inflation, taxation and other economic drivers. Sustained adverse economic conditions or periodic adverse changes in economic conditions in our markets could pressure our operating performance and our business continuity disruption planning, and our business and financial results may suffer.
Our results of operations are also affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates and unfavorable currency fluctuations could adversely affect reported earnings.
Supply chain interruptions may increase costs or reduce revenues.
We depend on the effectiveness of our supply chain management to assure reliable and sufficient supply of quality products on favorable terms. Although many of the products we sell are sourced from a wide variety of suppliers in countries around the world, certain products have limited suppliers, which may increase our reliance on those suppliers. Supply chain interruptions, including shortages and transportation issues, and price increases can adversely affect us as well as our suppliers and franchisees, whose performance may have a significant impact on our results. Such shortages or disruptions could be caused by factors beyond the control of our suppliers, franchisees or us. If we experience interruptions in our System’s supply chain, our costs could increase and it could limit the availability of products critical to our System’s operations.
Our franchise business model presents a number of risks.
The Company's success as a heavily franchised business relies to a large degree on the financial success and cooperation of our franchisees, including our developmental licensees and affiliates. Our restaurant margins arise from two sources: fees from franchised restaurants (e.g., rent and royalties based on a percentage of sales) and, to a lesser degree, sales from Company-operated restaurants. Our franchisees and developmental licensees manage their businesses independently, and therefore are responsible for the day-to-day operation of their restaurants. The revenues we realize from franchised restaurants are largely dependent on the ability of our franchisees to grow their sales. Business risks affecting our operations also affect our franchisees. In particular, our franchisees have also been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Company granted the deferral of cash collection for certain rent and royalties earned from franchisees in substantially all markets. The extent of the deferrals differs in length by market. If franchisee sales trends worsen, or do not improve at a sufficiently rapid rate, our financial results will continue to be negatively affected, which may be material.
Our success also relies on the willingness and ability of our independent franchisees and affiliates to implement major initiatives, which may include financial investment, and to remain aligned with us on operating, value/promotional and capital-intensive reinvestment plans. The ability of franchisees to contribute to the achievement of our plans is dependent in large part on the availability to them of funding at reasonable interest rates and may be negatively impacted by the financial markets in general, by the creditworthiness of our franchisees or the Company or by banks’ lending practices. If our franchisees are unwilling or unable to invest in major initiatives or are unable to obtain financing at commercially reasonable rates, or at all, our future growth and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our operating performance could also be negatively affected if our franchisees experience food safety or other operational problems or project an image inconsistent with our brand and values, particularly if our contractual and other rights and remedies are limited, costly to exercise or subjected to litigation and potential delays. If franchisees do not successfully operate restaurants in a manner consistent with our required standards, our brand’s image and reputation could be harmed, which in turn could hurt our business and operating results.
Our ownership mix also affects our results and financial condition. The decision to own restaurants or to operate under franchise or license agreements is driven by many factors whose interrelationship is complex. The benefits of our more heavily franchised structure depend on various factors including whether we have effectively selected franchisees, licensees and/or affiliates that meet our rigorous standards, whether we are able to successfully integrate them into our structure and whether their performance and the resulting ownership mix supports our brand and financial objectives.

31

Challenges with respect to labor, including availability and cost, could impact our business and results of operations.
Our success depends in part on our System’s ability to proactively recruit, motivate and retain qualified individuals to work in McDonald's restaurants and to maintain appropriately-staffed restaurants in an intensely competitive environment. Increased costs associated with recruiting, motivating and retaining qualified employees to work in our Company-operated restaurants, as well as costs to promote awareness of the opportunities of working at McDonald's restaurants, could have a negative impact on our Company-operated margins. Similar concerns apply to our franchisees.
We are also impacted by the costs and other effects of compliance with U.S. and international regulations affecting our workforce, which includes our staff and employees working in our Company-operated restaurants. These regulations are increasingly focused on employment issues, including wage and hour, healthcare, immigration, retirement and other employee benefits and workplace practices. Claims of non-compliance with these regulations could result in liability and expense to us. Our potential exposure to reputational and other harm regarding our workplace practices or conditions or those of our independent franchisees or suppliers, including those giving rise to claims of harassment or discrimination (or perceptions thereof) could have a negative impact on consumer perceptions of us and our business. Additionally, economic action, such as boycotts, protests, work stoppages or campaigns by labor organizations, could adversely affect us (including our ability to recruit and retain talent) or the franchisees and suppliers that are also part of the McDonald's System and whose performance may have a material impact on our results.
Food safety concerns may have an adverse effect on our business.
Our ability to increase sales and profits depends on our System’s ability to meet expectations for safe food and on our ability to manage the potential impact on McDonald’s of food-borne illnesses and food or product safety issues that may arise in the future, including in the supply chain, restaurants or delivery. Food safety is a top priority, and we dedicate substantial resources to ensure that our customers enjoy safe food products, including as our menu and service model evolve. However, food safety events, including instances of food-borne illness, occur within the food industry and our System from time to time and could occur in the future. Instances of food tampering, food contamination or food-borne illness, whether actual or perceived, could adversely affect our brand and reputation as well as our revenues and profits.
Challenges with respect to talent management could harm our business.
Effective succession planning is important to our long-term success. Failure to effectively identify, develop and retain key personnel, recruit high-quality candidates and ensure smooth management and personnel transitions, including the recent leadership transitions, could disrupt our business and adversely affect our results.
Information technology system failures or interruptions, or breaches of network security, may impact our operations or cause reputational harm.
We are increasingly reliant upon technology systems, such as point-of-sale, technologies supporting McDonald’s digital and delivery solutions, and technologies that facilitate communication and collaboration with affiliated entities, customers, employees, franchisees, suppliers, service providers or other independent third parties to conduct our business, whether developed and maintained by us or provided by third parties. Any failure or interruption of these systems could significantly impact our franchisees’ operations, or our customers’ experience and perceptions. Additionally, we provide certain technology systems to businesses that are unaffiliated with the McDonald’s System and a failure, interruption or breach of these systems may cause harm to those unaffiliated parties, which may result in liability to the Company or reputational harm.
Despite the implementation of security measures, those technology systems could become vulnerable to damage, disability or failures due to theft, fire, power loss, telecommunications failure or other catastrophic events. Certain technology systems may also become vulnerable, unreliable or inefficient in cases where technology vendors limit or terminate product support and maintenance. Our increasing reliance on third party systems also present the risks faced by the third party’s business, including the operational, security and credit risks of those parties. If those systems were to fail or otherwise be unavailable, and we were unable to recover in a timely manner, we could experience an interruption in our or our franchisees’ operations.
Furthermore, security incidents or breaches have from time to time occurred and may in the future occur involving our systems, the systems of the parties we communicate or collaborate with (including franchisees), or those of third party providers. These may include such things as unauthorized access, phishing attacks, account takeovers, denial of service, computer viruses, introduction of malware or ransomware and other disruptive problems caused by hackers. Our technology systems contain personal, financial and other information that is entrusted to us by our customers, our employees, our franchisees, our business customers and other third parties, as well as financial, proprietary and other confidential information related to our business. An actual or alleged security breach could result in disruptions, shutdowns, theft or unauthorized disclosure of personal, financial, proprietary or other confidential information. The occurrence of any of these incidents could result in reputational damage, adverse publicity, loss of consumer confidence, reduced sales and profits, complications in executing our growth initiatives and regulatory and legal risk, including criminal penalties or civil liabilities.

32

If we fail to comply with privacy and data collection laws, we could be subject to legal proceedings and penalties, which could negatively affect our financial results or brand perceptions.
We are subject to legal and compliance risks and associated liability related to privacy and data collection, protection and management, as it relates to information associated with our technology-related services and platforms made available to business partners, customers, employees, franchisees or other third parties. For example, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) requires entities processing the personal data of individuals in the European Union to meet certain requirements regarding the handling of that data. We are also subject to U.S. federal and state and foreign laws and regulations in this area. These regulations have been subject to frequent change, and there may be markets or jurisdictions that propose or enact new or emerging data privacy requirements in the future. Failure to meet GDPR or other data privacy requirements could result in legal proceedings and substantial penalties, and materially adversely impact our financial results or brand perceptions.
The global scope of our business subjects us to risks that could negatively affect our business.
We encounter differing cultural, regulatory, geopolitical and economic environments within and among the more than 100 countries where McDonald’s restaurants operate, and our ability to achieve our business objectives depends on the System's success in these environments. Meeting customer expectations is complicated by the risks inherent in our global operating environment, and our global success is partially dependent on our System’s ability to leverage operating successes across markets and brand perceptions. Planned initiatives may not have appeal across multiple markets with McDonald's customers and could drive unanticipated changes in customer perceptions and guest counts.
Disruptions in operations or price volatility in a market can also result from governmental actions, such as price, foreign exchange or changes in trade-related tariffs or controls, sanctions and counter sanctions, government-mandated closure of our, our franchisees’ or our suppliers’ operations, and asset seizures. Trade policies, tariffs and other regulations affecting trade between the U.S. and other countries could adversely affect our business and operations. These and other government actions may impact our results and could cause reputational or other harm. Our international success depends in part on the effectiveness of our strategies and brand-building initiatives to reduce our exposure to such governmental actions.
Additionally, challenges and uncertainties are associated with operating in developing markets, which may entail a relatively higher risk of political instability, economic volatility, crime, corruption and social and ethnic unrest. Such challenges may be exacerbated in many cases by a lack of an independent and experienced judiciary and uncertainties in how local law is applied and enforced, including in areas most relevant to commercial transactions and foreign investment. An inability to manage effectively the risks associated with our international operations could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
We may also face challenges and uncertainties in developed markets. For example, as a result of the U.K.’s decision to leave the European Union and the ongoing transition period, it is possible that there will be increased regulatory complexities and uncertainty in European or worldwide economic conditions. The decision created volatility in certain foreign currency exchange rates that may or may not continue, and may result in increased supply chain costs for items that are imported from other countries. Any of these effects, and others we cannot anticipate, could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
If we do not effectively manage our real estate portfolio, our operating results may be negatively impacted.
We have significant real estate operations, primarily in connection with our restaurant business. We generally own or secure a long-term lease on the land and building for conventional franchised and Company-operated restaurant sites. We seek to identify and develop restaurant locations that offer convenience to customers and long-term sales and profit potential. As we generally secure long-term real estate interests for our restaurants, we have limited flexibility to quickly alter our real estate portfolio. The competitive business landscape continues to evolve in light of changing business trends, consumer preferences, trade area demographics, consumer use of digital and delivery, local competitive positions and other economic factors. If our restaurants are not located in desirable locations, or if we do not evolve in response to these factors, it could adversely affect Systemwide sales and profitability.
Our real estate values and the costs associated with our real estate operations are also impacted by a variety of other factors, including governmental regulations; insurance; zoning, tax and eminent domain laws; interest rate levels and the cost of financing. A significant change in real estate values, or an increase in costs as a result of any of these factors, could adversely affect our operating results.
Changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax liabilities could adversely affect the taxes we pay and our profitability.
We are subject to income and other taxes in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions, and our operations, plans and results are affected by tax and other initiatives around the world. In particular, we are affected by the impact of changes to tax laws or policy or related authoritative interpretations. We are also impacted by settlements of pending or any future adjustments proposed by taxing and governmental authorities inside and outside of the U.S. in connection with our tax audits, all of which will depend on their timing, nature and scope. Any significant increases in income tax rates, changes in income tax laws or unfavorable resolution of tax matters could have a material adverse impact on our financial results.

33

Changes in commodity and other operating costs could adversely affect our results of operations.
The profitability of our Company-operated restaurants depends in part on our ability to anticipate and react to changes in commodity costs, including food, paper, supplies, fuel, utilities and distribution, and other operating costs, including labor. Any volatility in certain commodity prices or fluctuation in labor costs could adversely affect our operating results by impacting restaurant profitability. The commodity markets for some of the ingredients we use, such as beef and chicken, are particularly volatile due to factors such as seasonal shifts, climate conditions, industry demand, international commodity markets, food safety concerns, product recalls and government regulation, all of which are beyond our control and, in many instances, unpredictable. We can only partially address future price risk through hedging and other activities, and therefore increases in commodity costs could have an adverse impact on our profitability.
Increasing regulatory and legal complexity may adversely affect our business and financial results.
Our regulatory and legal environment worldwide exposes us to complex compliance, litigation and similar risks that could affect our operations and results in material ways. Many of our markets are subject to increasing, conflicting and highly prescriptive regulations involving, among other matters, restaurant operations, product packaging, marketing, the nutritional and allergen content and safety of our food and other products, labeling and other disclosure practices. Compliance efforts with those regulations may be affected by ordinary variations in food preparation among our own restaurants and the need to rely on the accuracy and completeness of information from third-party suppliers. Our success depends in part on our ability to manage the impact of regulations that can affect our business plans and operations, and have increased our costs of doing business and exposure to litigation, governmental investigations or other proceedings.
We are also subject to legal proceedings that may adversely affect our business, including class actions, administrative proceedings, government investigations and proceedings, shareholder proceedings, employment and personal injury claims, landlord/tenant disputes, supplier related disputes, and claims by current or former franchisees. Regardless of whether claims against us are valid or whether we are found to be liable, claims may be expensive to defend and may divert management's attention away from operations.
Litigation and regulatory action concerning our relationship with franchisees and the legal distinction between our franchisees and us for employment law purposes, if determined adversely, could increase costs, negatively impact our business operations and the business prospects of our franchisees and subject us to incremental liability for their actions. Similarly, although our commercial relationships with our suppliers remain independent, there may be attempts to challenge that independence, which, if determined adversely, could also increase costs, negatively impact the business prospects of our suppliers, and subject us to incremental liability for their actions.
Our results could also be affected by the following:
•
The relative level of our defense costs, which vary from period to period depending on the number, nature and procedural status of pending proceedings;
•
The cost and other effects of settlements, judgments or consent decrees, which may require us to make disclosures or take other actions that may affect perceptions of our brand and products; and
•
Adverse results of pending or future litigation, including litigation challenging the composition and preparation of our products, or the appropriateness or accuracy of our marketing or other communication practices.
A judgment significantly in excess of any applicable insurance coverage or third party indemnity could materially adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. Further, adverse publicity resulting from claims may hurt our business. If we are unable to effectively manage the risks associated with our complex regulatory and legal environment, it could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property or adequately ensure that we are not infringing the intellectual property of others, which could harm the value of the McDonald’s brand and our business.
The success of our business depends on our continued ability to use our existing trademarks and service marks in order to increase brand awareness and further develop our branded products in both domestic and international markets. We rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, service marks, trade secrets, patents and other intellectual property rights to protect our brand and branded products.

34

We have registered certain trademarks and have other trademark registrations pending in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions. The trademarks that we currently use have not been registered in all of the countries outside of the U.S. in which we do business or may do business in the future and may never be registered in all of these countries. It may be costly and time consuming to protect our intellectual property, and the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property in the U.S. and foreign countries may not be adequate. In addition, the steps we have taken may not adequately ensure that we do not infringe the intellectual property of others, and third parties may claim infringement by us in the future. In particular, we may be involved in intellectual property claims, including often aggressive or opportunistic attempts to enforce patents used in information technology systems, which might affect our operations and results. Any claim of infringement, whether or not it has merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation and harm our business.
We cannot ensure that franchisees and other third parties who hold licenses to our intellectual property will not take actions that hurt the value of our intellectual property.
Changes in accounting standards or the recognition of impairment or other charges may adversely affect our future operations and results.
New accounting standards or changes in financial reporting requirements, accounting principles or practices, including with respect to our critical accounting estimates, could adversely affect our future results. We may also be affected by the nature and timing of decisions about underperforming markets or assets, including decisions that result in impairment or other charges that reduce our earnings. In assessing the recoverability of our long-lived assets, we consider changes in economic conditions and make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors. These estimates are highly subjective and can be significantly impacted by many factors such as global and local business and economic conditions, operating costs, inflation, competition, consumer and demographic trends, and our restructuring activities. If our estimates or underlying assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges. If we experience any such changes, they could have a significant adverse effect on our reported results for the affected periods.
A decrease in our credit ratings or an increase in our funding costs could adversely affect our profitability.
Our credit ratings may be negatively affected by our results of operations or changes in our debt levels. As a result, our interest expense, the availability of acceptable counterparties, our ability to obtain funding on favorable terms, collateral requirements and our operating or financial flexibility could all be negatively affected, especially if lenders impose new operating or financial covenants.
Our operations may also be impacted by regulations affecting capital flows, financial markets or financial institutions, which can limit our ability to manage and deploy our liquidity or increase our funding costs. If any of these events were to occur, they could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Trading volatility and the price of our common stock may be adversely affected by many factors.
Many factors affect the volatility and price of our common stock in addition to our operating results and prospects. The most important of these factors, some of which are outside our control, are the following:
•
The unpredictable nature of global economic and market conditions;
•
Governmental action or inaction in light of key indicators of economic activity or events that can significantly influence financial markets, particularly in the U.S., which is the principal trading market for our common stock, and media reports and commentary about economic, trade or other matters, even when the matter in question does not directly relate to our business;
•
Trading activity in our common stock or trading activity in derivative instruments with respect to our common stock or debt securities, which can be affected by market commentary (including commentary that may be unreliable or incomplete); unauthorized disclosures about our performance, plans or expectations about our business; our actual performance and creditworthiness; investor confidence, driven in part by expectations about our performance; actions by shareholders and others seeking to influence our business strategies; portfolio transactions in our stock by significant shareholders; or trading activity that results from the ordinary course rebalancing of stock indices in which McDonald’s may be included, such as the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average;
•
The impact of our stock repurchase program or dividend rate; and
•
The impact on our results of corporate actions and market and third-party perceptions and assessments of such actions, such as those we may take from time to time as we implement our strategies, including through acquisitions, in light of changing business, legal and tax considerations and evolve our corporate structure.

35

Events such as severe weather conditions, natural disasters, hostilities and social unrest, among others, can adversely affect our results and prospects.
Severe weather conditions, natural disasters, hostilities and social unrest, any shifting climate patterns or terrorist activities (or expectations about them) can adversely affect consumer spending and confidence levels and supply availability and costs, as well as the local operations in impacted markets, all of which can affect our results and prospects. Our receipt of proceeds under any insurance we maintain with respect to some of these risks may be delayed or the proceeds may be insufficient to cover our losses fully.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
An update to the disclosure made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 regarding this matter has been included within Part I, Item 2, page 28 of this Form 10-Q.


Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls
An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) as of June 30, 2020. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date to provide reasonable assurances that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, confirm there was no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
There were no material changes to the disclosure made in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 regarding these matters.

Item 1A. Risk Factors
For a discussion of risk factors affecting our business, refer to statements appearing under the caption “Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities*
The following table presents information related to repurchases of common stock the Company made during the quarter ended June 30, 2020:
 
Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
 
Average Price
Paid
per Share
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs (1)
 
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs (1)
 
 
 
 
April 1-30, 2020
1,398

 
$
136.37

 
1,398

 
$
14,130,900,657

 
May 1-31, 2020
10,531

 
187.95

 
10,531

 
14,128,921,334

 
June 1-30, 2020
419

 
195.58

 
419

 
14,128,839,384

 
Total
12,348

 
$
182.37

 
12,348

 
 
*
Subject to applicable law, the Company may repurchase shares directly in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to derivative instruments and plans complying with Rule 10b5-1, among other types of transactions and arrangements.

(1)
On December 31, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, effective January 1, 2020, that authorized the purchase of up to $15 billion of the Company's outstanding common stock. In early March 2020, the Company voluntarily suspended share repurchases from the open market. Therefore, the table above reflects only shares withheld for taxes under the Company’s equity compensation program.

 

37

Item 6. Exhibits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit Number
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4)
Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including Indentures:*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(10)
Material Contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(ii)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(ii)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(f)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(g)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(h)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(j)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(k)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

38

 
 
(l)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(m)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(n)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(o)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(p)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(q)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(r)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(s)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(t)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(u)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(31.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(31.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(32.1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(32.2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.INS)
XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.SCH)
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.CAL)
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.DEF)
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.LAB)
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(101.PRE)
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(104)
Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*
Other instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the registrant, and all of its subsidiaries for which consolidated financial statements are required to be filed and which are not required to be registered with the Commission, are not included herein as the securities authorized under these instruments, individually, do not exceed 10% of the total assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. An agreement to furnish a copy of any such instruments to the Commission upon request has been filed with the Commission.
 
 
**
Denotes compensatory plan.

39

SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
McDONALD’S CORPORATION
        (Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Kevin M. Ozan
Date:
August 10, 2020
Kevin M. Ozan
 
 
Corporate Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

40