MICROVISION, INC. - Quarter Report: 2017 September (Form 10-Q)

The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2017, the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, have been prepared by MicroVision, Inc. ("we" or "our") and have not been audited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary to state fairly the financial position at September 30, 2017 and the results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented have been made and consist of normal recurring adjustments. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. You should read these condensed consolidated financial statements in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be attained for the entire fiscal year.

We have incurred significant losses since inception. We have funded our operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales and licensing activities. At September 30, 2017, we had $25.3 million in cash and cash equivalents.

Based on our current operating plan that includes expected proceeds from a development contract signed in April 2017 with a major technology company, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations into at least the third quarter of 2018. Our receipt of proceeds under our April 2017 development contract is subject to our completion of certain milestones, and we can provide no assurance that such milestones will be completed. We will require additional capital to fund our operating plan past that time. We plan to obtain additional capital through the issuance of equity or debt securities, product sales and/or licensing activities. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to us or, if available, will be available on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis. If adequate capital resources are not available on a timely basis, we intend to consider limiting our operations substantially. This limitation of operations could include reducing investments in our production capacities, research and development projects, staff, operating costs, and capital expenditures.

We are introducing new technology and products into an emerging market which creates significant uncertainty about our ability to accurately project revenue, costs and cash flows. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the commercial success of our laser beam scanning (LBS) engines, the rate at which original design manufacturers (ODMs) or original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) introduce products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology and the market acceptance and competitive position of such products. If revenues are less than we anticipate, if we fail to meet milestones for future payments or have to repay amounts already received under our April 2017 development contract (refer to Note 3), if the mix of revenues and the associated margins vary from anticipated amounts or if expenses exceed the amounts budgeted, we may require additional capital earlier than expected to fund our operations. In addition, our operating plan provides for the development of strategic relationships with suppliers of components and systems and equipment manufacturers that may require additional investments by us.

These factors raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. Our unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Basic net loss per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Net loss per share, assuming dilution, is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and the dilutive effect of all potentially dilutive securities, including common stock equivalents and convertible securities. Net loss per share, assuming dilution, is equal to basic net loss per share because the effect of dilutive securities outstanding during the period, including options and warrants computed using the treasury stock method, is anti-dilutive.

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The components of basic and diluted net loss per share were as follows (in thousands, except loss per share data):

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, we excluded the following securities from net loss per share as the effect of including them would have been anti-dilutive: options outstanding and warrants exercisable into a total of 7,219,000 and 9,126,000 shares of common stock, respectively, and 60,000 and 60,000 nonvested restricted stock units, respectively.

In April 2017, we signed a contract with a major technology company to develop an LBS display system.  Under this agreement, we are working to develop a new generation of MEMS, ASICs and related firmware for a high resolution, LBS-based product that the technology company is planning to produce.  We may receive up to $24.0 million, including $14.0 million in fees for development work that is expected to span through the first quarter of 2019 and an upfront payment of $10.0 million, which payment has been received.  Our receipt of the development fees is contingent on completion of milestones in 2017 and 2018. As of September 30, 2017, we have received $4.0 million in fees for development work and our balance sheet includes $1.4 million of billings in excess of costs incurred on this contract. Upon successful completion of the development program, if the major technology company decides to manufacture the product with the MicroVision display components, the $10.0 million upfront payment would be applied as a discount to future component purchases from us. If the contract is terminated by the technology company for our failure to meet milestones, the $10.0 million upfront payment is subject to repayment. We are recognizing revenue on the $14.0 million in development fees under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we have recognized $1.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of contract revenue from development fees on this agreement. We have an amount equal to the $10.0 million upfront payment classified as an other current liability on the balance sheet.

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk are primarily cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We typically do not require collateral from our customers. As of September 30, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents are comprised of operating checking accounts and short-term, highly rated money market savings accounts.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, one commercial customer accounted for $2.7 million and $3.7 million in revenue, representing 44% and 44% of our total revenue, respectively. A second commercial customer accounted for $2.3 million and $2.3 million in revenue, representing 38% and 28% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. Additionally, a third commercial customer accounted for $359,000 and $1.2 million in revenue, representing 6% and 15% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, one commercial customer accounted for $3.9 million and $10.8 million in revenue, representing 99% and 91% of our total revenue, respectively.

At September 30, 2017, one commercial customer accounted for $182,000, or 76% of our net accounts receivable balance, and a second commercial customer accounted for $36,000, or 15% of our net accounts receivable balance.

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A significant concentration of our components and the products we sell are currently manufactured and obtained from single or limited-source suppliers. The loss of any single or limited-source supplier, the failure of any of these suppliers to perform as expected, or the disruption in the supply chain of components from these suppliers could subject us to risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, increased cost of sales, possible loss of revenues, or significant delays in product deliveries, any of which could adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

Inventory consists of the following:

Our inventory consists of raw materials and finished goods assemblies. Inventory is computed using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method and is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Management periodically assesses the need to account for obsolescence of inventory and adjusts the carrying value of inventory to its net realizable value when required.

In addition, we reduce the value of our inventory to its estimated scrap value when management determines that it is not probable that the inventory will be consumed through the normal course of business during the next twelve months. We may enter into arrangements to sell the obsolete or scrap inventory resulting in a gain in the period such transactions are realized.

We have made significant advance payments to our contract manufacturer that will be applied against future inventory purchases. As of September 30, 2017, these advance payments totaled $1.7 million and are classified within other current assets on the balance sheet.

We issue share-based compensation to employees in the form of stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs). We account for the share-based awards by recognizing the fair value of share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, net of estimated forfeitures. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of RSUs is determined by the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. Changes in estimated inputs or using other option valuation methods may result in materially different option values and share-based compensation expense.

The following table summarizes the amount of share-based compensation expense by line item in the statements of operations:

The following table summarizes shares, weighted-average exercise price, weighted-average remaining contractual term and aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and options exercisable as of September 30, 2017:

As of September 30, 2017, our unamortized share-based employee compensation related to stock options was $2.9 million which we plan to amortize over the next 2.7 years, and our unamortized share-based compensation related to RSUs was $82,000 which we plan to amortize over the next 8 months.

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7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We lease our office space and certain equipment under noncancelable capital and operating leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year.

In July 2017, we entered into a 65 month facility lease amendment on 31,142 square feet of combined use office, laboratory and manufacturing space at our headquarters facility in Redmond, Washington. The lease commences in October 2017 and includes 7,225 square feet expansion space on our existing premise of 23,917 square feet. The lease agreement includes extension and rent escalation provisions over the term of the lease. Our 65 month lease expires in March 2023.

On March 31, 2014, Asia Optical Co., Inc., a supplier pursuant to an agreement entered into in 2008, filed a complaint for arbitration with the American Arbitration Association claiming that we ordered products from them and failed to take delivery of and pay for such products. The relief sought in the complaint is $3.6 million plus attorneys' fees, interest and arbitration costs. We contest the claim and are defending against it. An adverse outcome of these proceedings could materially and adversely affect our financial condition. At this stage, we cannot predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the range of potential loss.

We are also subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the normal course of business. We are not currently party to any other legal proceedings that we believe are reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

At September 30, 2017, we had $7.4 million in open purchase obligations that represent commitments to purchase inventory, materials, capital equipment, and other goods used in the normal operation of our business.

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had $500,000 accrued for commitments to purchase materials for the discontinued SHOWWX^TM pico projector that were in excess of estimated future proceeds from sales of that product.

In August 2017, we raised approximately $11.5 million before issuance costs of approximately $1.1 million through an underwritten public offering of 5.5 million shares of our common stock.

In August 2017, we raised approximately $3.2 million before issuance costs of approximately $23,000 through a private placement of 1.5 million shares of our common stock.

During the second quarter of 2017, we received $906,000 from the exercise of warrants to purchase 460,000 shares of common stock, which warrants were issued in connection with an earlier financing transactions.

In May 2017, we entered into an At-The-Market (ATM) agreement with IFS Securities (DBA Brinson Patrick). As of June 30, 2017, we received gross proceeds of $3.7 million before issuance costs of approximately $125,000 from the sale of approximately 1.7 million shares of our common stock under this agreement. The agreement was terminated in June 2017 at our election without penalty.

In June 2017, we received proceeds of $2.2 million from the sale of 1.2 million shares of our common stock as part of the Common Stock Purchase agreement we entered into with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (Lincoln Park) in September 2016. The agreement was terminated in August 2017 at our election without penalty.

In March 2016, we raised approximately $6.9 million before issuance costs of approximately $650,000 through an underwritten public offering of approximately 4.1 million shares of our common stock.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we received gross proceeds of $845,000 from the sale of approximately 498,000 shares of our common stock as part of an ATM agreement we entered into with Meyers Associates, L.P. in May 2015. There were no sales under this agreement in 2017. The agreement was terminated in May 2017 in accordance with its terms without penalty.

In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures because we do not anticipate any changes to our share-based payment plans.

In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-18 (ASU 2016-18), Restricted Cash. The standard requires restricted cash and cash equivalents to be included with cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows. The new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The new guidance will be applied using a retrospective approach. As of September 30, 2017, we have $435,000 of restricted cash, and as such we do not expect the implementation of this standard to have a material effect on our financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-15 (ASU 2016-15), Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The objective of ASU 2016-15 is to eliminate the diversity in practice related to the classification of certain receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows, by adding or clarifying guidance on eight specific cash flow issues. For public business entities, ASU 2016-15 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented, unless deemed impracticable, in which case, prospective application is permitted. We do not expect the implementation of this standard to have a material effect on our financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 (ASU 2016-02), Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability in the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, with terms of more than twelve months. Recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows from a lease by a lessee have not significantly changed from previous guidance. The amendments also require qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures. The new guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted. The amendments must be applied on a modified retrospective basis. We anticipate the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our financial statements. While we are continuing to assess all the potential impacts of the standard, we currently believe the most significant impact relates to our accounting for our office lease. Under the new guidance, the net present value of the obligation for our office lease will appear on the balance sheet. Currently, it is classified as an operating lease and payments are expensed in the period incurred.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 (ASU 2014-09), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, an updated standard on revenue recognition. The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also will result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively, and improve guidance for multiple-element arrangements. We will implement the new standard as of January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective approach, meaning we will restate each prior reporting period presented. We are performing a review of our revenue generated from significant product and service contracts with customers subject to ASU 2014-09, and we expect the implementation of this standard to have a material impact on our financial statements. While we are continuing to assess all potential impacts of this standard, we currently believe one significant impact will relate to our accounting for the $8.0 million upfront license fee payment under the PicoP® scanning technology license agreement we signed with Sony in March 2015. Under current guidance, we are recognizing the upfront license fee payment of $8.0 million on a straight-line basis over a period of eight years. Under the new guidance, we expect to recognize the entire $8.0 million upfront license fee payment in the first quarter of 2015, which will increase 2015 revenues by $7.2 million, and reduce reported 2016 revenues by $1.0 million and year-to-date 2017 revenues by $747,000. We currently expect no changes to the timing of our recognition of the ongoing per unit royalties; they will continue to be recognized one quarter in arrears when reported by our customers. We expect product revenue related to our component sales to remain substantially unchanged. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our financial statements relating to the $24.0 million contract with a major technology company that was signed in April 2017 to develop an LBS system.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

MicroVision, Inc. is a pioneer in LBS technology that we market under our brand name PicoP®. We have developed our proprietary PicoP® scanning technology that can be adopted by our customers to create high-resolution miniature projection and three-dimensional sensing and image capture solutions. PicoP® scanning technology is based on our patented expertise in micro-electrical mechanical systems (MEMS), laser diodes, opto-mechanics, and electronics and how those elements are packaged into a small, low power scanning engine that can display, interact and sense, depending on the needs of the application. For display, the engine can project a high-quality image on any surface (pico projection), a windshield (head-up display or HUD), or a retina (augmented reality or AR). For sensing, we use infrared (IR) lasers to capture three-dimensional data in the form of a point cloud. Interactivity uses the 3D sensing function and the display function to project an image with which the user can interact as one would use a touch screen.

In November 2016, we announced a growth strategy for 2017 and beyond that includes selling LBS engines to ODMs and OEMs in addition to our strategy of licensing LBS technology to licensees to offer their own solutions. We plan to offer three scanning engines to support a wide array of applications: a small form factor display engine for consumer products, an interactive display engine for smart Internet of Things (IoT) products, and a mid-range light detection and ranging (LiDAR) engine for autonomous machines, industrial products and robotics.

In March 2017, we received a $6.7 million order for our small form factor display engine from Ragentek Communication Technology Co., Limited (Ragentek), an Asian electronics device manufacturer. Initial shipments of engines to Ragentek began at the end of June 2017 to embed in its smartphone product. Ragentek launched their smartphone during the third quarter of 2017.

In April 2017, MicroVision signed a contract with a major technology company to develop an LBS display system.  Under this agreement, we would develop a new generation of MEMS, ASICs and related firmware for a high resolution, LBS-based product that the technology company is planning to produce.  We would receive up to $24.0 million, including $14.0 million in fees for development work that is expected to span through the first quarter of 2019 and an upfront payment of $10.0 million, which payment has been received.  The development fees would be paid contingent on completion of milestones in 2017 and 2018. Upon successful completion of the development program, if the company decides to manufacture the product with the MicroVision display components, the $10.0 million upfront payment would be applied as a discount to future component purchases from us. If the contract is terminated by the technology company for our failure to meet milestones, the $10.0 million upfront payment is subject to repayment.

While we are optimistic about our technology and the potential for future revenues, we have incurred substantial losses since inception and expect to incur a significant loss during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017. Our unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

We recognize revenue when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred and there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance, (iii) fees are fixed or determinable, and (iv) collection is reasonably assured.

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We generate revenue from many sources and activities. We enter into arrangements that can include various combinations of product and prototype sales, engineering and development services, and licensing activities. For multiple-element arrangements, we use a hierarchy to determine the contract consideration to be used for allocating revenue to deliverables: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE), (ii) third party evidence of selling price (TPE), and (iii) best estimate of selling price. To date, our revenue sources can be classified as: product revenue, royalty revenue, or contract revenue.

Our product sales generally include acceptance provisions. We recognize product revenue upon acceptance of the product by the customer or expiration of the contractual acceptance period, after which there are no rights of return. No estimates are made for product returns because revenue is recognized upon expiration of the contractual acceptance period.

Royalty revenue is revenue under license agreements to our PicoP® scanning technology. We recognize revenue on upfront license fees over the expected time frame that we provide services or have ongoing obligations under the agreement. Ongoing per unit royalties are recognized when reported by our customer to us on a quarterly basis. Currently, we recognize revenue for ongoing per unit royalties one quarter in arrears when reported by our customer, representing when such amounts are fixed and determinable, and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. Refer to Note 9 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for the expected future impact of updated FASB accounting guidance.

We recognize contract revenue on long-term, cost plus fixed fee, and fixed price contracts using the percentage-of-completion method. Under the percentage-of-completion method, revenue is recognized as work progresses on the contract. The percentage-of-completion method relies on estimates of total expected contract revenue and costs. At the end of each period, we estimate the labor, material and other costs required to complete the contract using data provided by our technical team, project managers, vendors, outside consultants and others and compare these to costs incurred to date.

Recognized revenues are subject to amendments for actual costs incurred. Amendments to revenue and costs-to-complete estimates are recognized in the period in which the facts become known. In the future, amendments to estimates could significantly impact recognized revenue in any one reporting period. If we are unable to estimate costs on a contract, revenue is recognized using the completed-contract method. Under the completed-contract method, revenue and contract costs are deferred and both are recognized when all deliverables are completed. Refer to Note 9 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for the expected future impact of updated FASB accounting guidance.

In March 2015, we signed a license agreement as part of a multiple-element arrangement with Sony for our PicoP® scanning technology. The license agreement granted Sony a non-exclusive license to manufacture and sell scanning engines that use our PicoP® scanning technology.

For multiple-element arrangements, we use a hierarchy to determine the contract consideration to be used for allocating revenue to deliverables: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE), (ii) third-party evidence of selling price (TPE) and (iii) best estimate of selling price. Because VSOE and TPE do not exist for the March 2015 agreement, we have allocated the contract consideration based on our best estimate.

Under the terms of this multiple-element arrangement, we received an $8.0 million upfront payment in March 2015 and we will receive a per unit royalty for each display module sold by Sony containing our PicoP® scanning technology. Under the current FASB accounting guidance, we are recognizing the upfront license fee payment of $8.0 million on a straight-line basis over a period of eight years. Ongoing per unit royalties are reported by Sony to us on a quarterly basis. Currently, we recognize revenue for ongoing per unit royalties one quarter in arrears when reported by Sony, representing when such amounts are fixed and determinable, and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. Products delivered under multiple-element arrangements will be recognized upon acceptance of the deliverables by the customer or the expiration of the contractual acceptance period, after which there are no rights of return.

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Results of operations

Product revenue is revenue from sales of our products which are LBS engines, MEMS and ASICs. Our product sales generally include acceptance provisions. We recognize product revenue upon acceptance of the product by the customer or the expiration of the contractual acceptance period, after which there are no rights of return. Our quarterly product revenue may vary substantially due to the timing of product orders from customers, product shipments, production constraints and availability of components and raw materials.

During the fourth quarter of 2016, we completed delivery of all outstanding orders from Sony for key components to be integrated into display modules it manufactures and sells. Product revenue is lower during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same periods in 2016 due to no component sales and is partially offset by the initial shipments of our engines.

In March 2017, we received a $6.7 million order for small form factor display engines from Ragentek. The backlog of product orders at September 30, 2017 was approximately $4.3 million compared to $1.4 million at September 30, 2016. The product backlog is scheduled for delivery during the next twelve months.

In April 2017, we signed a contract with a major technology company to develop an LBS display system.  The backlog of product orders at September 30, 2017 does not include any portion of the upfront payment from the April 2017 contract.

Royalty revenue is revenue under license agreements to our PicoP® scanning technology. We recognize revenue on upfront license fees over the expected time frame that we provide services or have ongoing obligations under the agreement. Ongoing per unit royalties are reported by Sony and are recognized as revenue in the period in which the data becomes available to us.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $107,000 and $493,000, respectively, from ongoing per unit royalties and $252,000 and $747,000, respectively, from a prorated portion of the $8.0 million upfront payment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recognized $79,000 and $732,000, respectively, from ongoing per unit royalties and $252,000 and $750,000, respectively, from a prorated portion of the $8.0 million upfront payment. Royalty revenue is lower during the three and nine month ended September 30, 2017 due to lower sales by licensees.

At September 30, 2017, remaining unrecognized upfront license fees are included in current and long-term deferred revenues, amounting to $999,000 and $4.4 million, respectively. At December 31, 2016, unrecognized upfront license fees are included in current and long-term deferred revenues, amounting to $999,000 and $5.1 million, respectively. Refer to Note 9 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for the expected future impact of updated FASB accounting guidance.

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Contract revenue includes revenue from performance on development contracts and the sale of prototype units and evaluation kits based on our PicoP® scanning engine. Our contract revenue in a particular period is dependent upon when we enter into a contract, the value of the contracts we have entered into, and the availability of technical resources to perform work on the contracts. We recognize contract revenue on long-term, cost plus fixed fee, and fixed price contracts using the percentage-of-completion method. If we are unable to estimate costs on a contract, revenue is recognized using the completed-contract method. Under the completed-contract method, revenue and contract costs are deferred and both are recognized when all deliverables are completed.

In April 2017, we signed a contract with a major technology company to develop an LBS display system.  Under the terms of this agreement, we may receive $14.0 million in fees for development work contingent on completion of milestones. As of September 30, 2017, we have received $4.0 million in fees for development work. We are recognizing revenue on the $14.0 million in development fees under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we have recognized $1.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of contract revenue from development fees on this agreement.

The increase in contract revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same periods in 2016 was attributed to increased contract activity. Our contract backlog, including orders for prototype units and evaluation kits, at September 30, 2017 and 2016 was approximately $11.5 million and $931,000, respectively. The April 2017 development contract represents $11.4 million of the contract backlog and is scheduled for completion during the first quarter of 2019. Refer to Note 9 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for the expected future impact of updated FASB accounting guidance.

Cost of product revenue includes the direct and allocated indirect costs of products sold to customers. Direct costs include labor, materials, reserves for estimated warranty expenses, and other costs incurred directly, or charged to us by our contract manufacturers, in the manufacture of these products. Indirect costs include labor, manufacturing overhead, and other costs associated with operating our manufacturing capabilities and capacity. Manufacturing overhead includes the costs of procuring, inspecting and storing material, facility and other costs, and is allocated to cost of product revenue based on the proportion of indirect labor which supported production activities.

Cost of product revenue can fluctuate significantly from period to period, depending on the product mix and volume, the level of manufacturing overhead expense and the volume of direct material purchased. Cost of product revenue was higher during the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 due to increased costs from low yields as we started production of LBS engines and an adjustment to the net realizable value of finished goods in inventory. Cost of product revenue was lower during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 due to lower shipments.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we expensed approximately $34,000 and $434,000, respectively, of manufacturing overhead associated with production capacity in excess of production requirements compared to $245,000 and $656,000, respectively, during the same periods in 2016. Additionally, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recorded a provision for scrap of $165,000 and $202,000, respectively, compared to $16,000 and $187,000, respectively, during the same periods in 2016.

Cost of contract revenue includes both the direct and allocated indirect costs of performing on contracts and producing prototype units and evaluation kits. Direct costs include labor, materials and other costs incurred directly in producing prototype units and evaluation kits or performing on a contract. Indirect costs include labor and other costs associated with operating our research and development department and building our technical capabilities and capacity. Cost of contract revenue is determined by the level of direct and indirect costs incurred, which can fluctuate substantially from period to period.

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The increase during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was primarily attributed to direct and indirect costs incurred related to the April 2017 development contract.

Research and development expense consists of compensation related costs of employees and contractors engaged in internal research and product development activities, direct material to support development programs, laboratory operations, outsourced development and processing work, and other operating expenses. We assign our research and development resources based on the business opportunity of the available projects, the skill mix of the resources available and the contractual commitments we have made to our customers. We believe that a substantial level of continuing research and development expense will be required to further develop our scanning technology.

The increase in research and development expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same periods in 2016 was attributable to higher costs related to subcontractors and increased headcount and personnel-related compensation and benefits expenses related to our LBS engine development.

Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense includes compensation and support costs for marketing, sales, management and administrative staff, and for other general and administrative costs, including legal and accounting services, consultants and other operating expenses.

The decrease in sales, marketing, general and administrative expense during the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 was attributed to lower professional fees. The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 was attributed to higher legal fees related to commercial contracts, higher expenses related to subcontractors and consultants, and higher travel-related expenses.

We have incurred significant losses since inception. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales, and licensing activities. At September 30, 2017, we had $25.3 million in cash and cash equivalents.

Based on our current operating plan that includes expected proceeds from a development contract signed in April 2017 with a major technology company, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations into at least the third quarter of 2018. Our receipt of proceeds under our April 2017 development contract is subject to our completion of certain milestones, and we can provide no assurance that such milestones will be completed. We will require additional capital to fund our operating plan past that time. We plan to obtain additional capital through the issuance of equity or debt securities, product sales and/or licensing activities. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to us or, if available, will be available on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis. If adequate capital resources are not available on a timely basis, we intend to consider limiting our operations substantially. This limitation of operations could include reducing investments in our production capacities, research and development projects, staff, operating costs, and capital expenditures.

These factors raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. Our unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

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Operating activities

Cash used in operating activities totaled $7.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to cash used in operating activities of $10.9 million during the same period in 2016. The change in cash flows from operating activities was primarily attributable to the higher net loss from operations and an increase in inventory to support our growth strategy selling LBS engines. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, this was offset by the $10.0 million upfront payment we received from the April 2017 development contract.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, net cash used in investing activities was $2.4 million and $282,000, respectively, are primarily attributed to capital expenditures in manufacturing and production equipment.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, net cash provided by financing activities was $20.5 million and $9.1 million, respectively.

In August 2017, we raised approximately $11.5 million before issuance costs of approximately $1.1 million through an underwritten public offering of 5.5 million shares of our common stock.

In August 2017, we raised approximately $3.2 million before issuance costs of approximately $23,000 through a private placement of 1.5 million shares of our common stock.

During the second quarter of 2017, we received $906,000 from the exercise of warrants to purchase 460,000 shares of common stock, which warrants were issued in connection with an earlier financing transactions.

In May 2017, we entered into an ATM agreement with IFS Securities (DBA Brinson Patrick). As of June 30, 2017, we received gross proceeds of $3.7 million before issuance costs of approximately $125,000 from the sale of approximately 1.7 million shares of our common stock. The agreement was terminated in June 2017 at our election without penalty.

In June 2017, we received proceeds of $2.2 million from the sale of 1.2 million shares of our common stock as part of the Common Stock Purchase agreement we entered into with Lincoln Park in September 2016. The agreement was terminated in August 2017 at our election without penalty.

In March 2016, we raised approximately $6.9 million before issuance costs of approximately $650,000 through an underwritten public offering of approximately 4.1 million shares of our common stock.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we received gross proceeds of $845,000 from the sale of approximately 498,000 shares of our common stock as part of an ATM agreement we entered into with Meyers Associates, L.P. in May 2015. There were no sales under this agreement in 2017. The agreement was terminated in May 2017 in accordance with its term without penalty.

As of September 30, 2017, all of our cash and cash equivalents have variable interest rates. Therefore, we believe our exposure to market and interest rate risk is not material.

Our investment policy generally directs that the investment manager should select investments to achieve the following goals: principal preservation, adequate liquidity and return. As of September 30, 2017, we had $25.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, which are comprised of operating checking accounts and short-term, highly rated money market savings accounts.

Our major contract and collaborative research and development agreements, product sales, and licensing activity payments are currently made in U.S. dollars. However, in the future we may enter into contracts or collaborative research and development agreements in foreign currencies that may subject us to foreign exchange rate risk. We have entered into purchase orders and supply agreements in foreign currencies in the past and may enter into such arrangements, from time to time, in the future. We believe our exposure to currency fluctuations related to these arrangements is not material. We may enter into foreign currency hedges to offset material exposure to currency fluctuations when we can adequately determine the timing and amounts of the exposure.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report and, based on this evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

On March 31, 2014, Asia Optical Co., Inc., a supplier pursuant to an agreement entered into in 2008, filed a complaint for arbitration with the American Arbitration Association claiming that we ordered products from them and failed to take delivery of and pay for such products. The relief sought in the complaint is $3.6 million plus attorneys' fees, interest and arbitration costs. We contest the claim and are defending against it. An adverse outcome of these proceedings could materially and adversely affect our financial condition. At this stage, we cannot predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the range of potential loss.

We are also subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the normal course of business. We are not currently party to any other legal proceedings that management believes are reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We have had substantial losses since our inception. We cannot assure you that we will ever become or remain profitable.

• As of September 30, 2017, we had an accumulated deficit of $516.2 million.
• We incurred consolidated net losses of $499.8 million from inception through 2016, and a net loss of $16.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of the expenses, difficulties and delays frequently encountered by companies formed to develop and commercialize new technologies. In particular, our operations to date have focused primarily on research and development of our PicoP® scanning technology platform and development of demonstration units. We are unable to accurately estimate future revenues and operating expenses based upon historical performance.

We cannot be certain that we will succeed in obtaining additional development revenue or commercializing our technology or products. In light of these factors, we expect to continue to incur significant losses and negative cash flow at least through 2017 and likely thereafter. We cannot be certain that we will achieve positive cash flow at any time in the future.

Based on our current operating plan that includes expected proceeds from a development contract signed in April 2017 with a major technology company, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations into at least the third quarter of 2018. Our receipt of proceeds under our April 2017 development contract is subject to our completion of certain milestones, and we can provide no assurance that such milestones will be completed. We will require additional capital to fund our operating plan past that time. We plan to obtain additional capital through the issuance of equity or debt securities, product sales and/or licensing activities.

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We are introducing new technology and products into an emerging market which creates significant uncertainty about our ability to accurately project revenue, costs and cash flows. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the commercial success of our LBS engines, the rate at which ODMs and OEMs introduce products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology and the market acceptance and competitive position of such products. If revenues are less than we anticipate, if we fail to meet milestones for future payments or have to repay amounts already received under our April 2017 development contract, if the mix of revenues and the associated margins varies from anticipated amounts or if expenses exceed the amounts budgeted, we may require additional capital earlier than expected to fund our operations. In addition, our operating plan provides for the development of strategic relationships with suppliers of components, products and systems, and equipment manufacturers that may require additional investments by us.

Additional capital may not be available to us or, if available, may not be available on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis. Raising additional capital may involve issuing securities with rights and preferences that are senior to our common stock and may dilute the value of our current shareholders' shares. If adequate capital resources are not available on a timely basis, we may consider limiting our operations substantially. This limitation of operations could include reducing investments in our production capacities or research and development projects, staff, operating costs, and capital expenditures which could jeopardize our ability to achieve our business goals or satisfy our customer requirements.

We rely on single or limited-source suppliers to manufacture our products. Establishing a relationship with a new or alternative contract manufacturer(s) or foundry is a time-consuming process, as our unique technology may require significant manufacturing process adaptation to achieve full manufacturing capacity. Accordingly, we may be unable to establish a relationship with new or alternative contract manufacturers in the short-term, or at all, at prices or on other terms that are acceptable to us.

Changes in our supply chain may result in increased cost and delay and may subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards. The loss of any single or limited-source supplier, the failure of any of these suppliers to perform as expected or the disruption in the supply chain of components from these suppliers could cause significant delays in product deliveries, which may result in lost revenues and damaged customer relationships. To the extent that we are not able to establish a relationship with a new or alternative contract manufacturer(s) or foundry in a timely manner, we may be unable to meet contract or production milestones, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to provide our components and future products in commercial quantities at competitive prices and on schedule. Accordingly, we will be required to obtain access, through business partners or contract manufacturers, to manufacturing capacity and processes for the commercial production of our expected future products.

Our foreign contract manufacturers could experience severe financial difficulties or other disruptions in their business, and such continued supply could be significantly reduced or terminated. In addition, we cannot be certain that we will successfully obtain access to needed manufacturing resources concurrent with a significant increase in our planned production levels. Future manufacturing limitations of our suppliers could constrain the number of products that we are able to develop and produce.

Our business strategy for commercializing our technology in products incorporating PicoP® scanning technology includes entering into development, manufacturing, sales and marketing arrangements with ODMs, OEMs and other third parties. These arrangements reduce our level of control over production and distribution and may subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards.

We cannot be certain that we will be able to negotiate arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all, or that these arrangements will be successful in yielding commercially viable products. If we cannot establish these arrangements, we would require additional capital to undertake such activities on our own and would require extensive manufacturing, sales and marketing expertise that we do not currently possess and that may be difficult to obtain.

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In addition, we could encounter significant delays in introducing our PicoP® scanning technology or find that the development, manufacture or sale of products incorporating our technology would not be feasible. To the extent that we enter into development, manufacturing, sales and marketing or other arrangements, our revenues will depend upon the performance of third parties. We cannot be certain that any such arrangements will be successful.

Our success will depend in part on customer acceptance of our PicoP® scanning technology. Our technology may not be accepted by manufacturers who use display and 3D sensing technologies in their products, by systems integrators, ODMs, and OEMs who incorporate the scanning engine components into their products or by end users of these products. To be accepted, our PicoP® scanning technology must meet the expectations of our current and potential customers in the consumer electronics, automotive, and other markets. If our technology platform or products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology do not achieve market acceptance, we may not be able to continue to develop our technology.

Our PicoP® scanning technology will continue to rely on technologies, such as laser diode light sources and other components that are developed and produced by other companies. The commercial success of certain future products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology will depend, in part, on advances in these and other technologies by other companies. We may, from time to time, contract with and support companies developing key technologies in order to accelerate the development of them for our or our customers' specific uses. There are no guarantees that such activities will result in useful technologies or products that will be profitable.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, one commercial customer accounted for $3.7 million in revenue, representing 44% of our total revenue, a second commercial customer accounted for $2.3 million in revenue, representing 28% of our total revenue, and a third commercial customer accounted for $1.2 million in revenue, representing 15% of our total revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, one commercial customer accounted for $10.8 million in revenue, representing 91% of our total revenue. Our customers take time to obtain, and the loss of a significant customer could negatively affect our revenue. Our quarterly operating results may vary significantly based upon:

• Market acceptance of products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology;
• Changes in evaluations and recommendations by any securities analysts following our stock or our industry generally;
• Announcements by other companies in our industry;
• Changes in business or regulatory conditions;
• Announcements or implementation by our competitors of technological innovations or new products;
• The status of particular development programs and the timing of performance under specific development agreements;
• Economic and stock market conditions; or
• Other factors unrelated to our company or industry.

In one or more future quarters, our results of operations may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors and the trading price of our common stock may decline as a consequence. In addition, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, shareholders often have instituted securities class action litigation against that company.

If we become involved in a class action suit, it could divert the attention of management and, if adversely determined, could require us to pay substantial damages.

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We or our customers may fail to perform under open orders or agreements, which could adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

Our backlog under open orders and agreements totaled $15.8 million as of September 30, 2017. We or our customers may be unable to meet the performance requirements and obligations under open orders or agreements, including performance specifications, milestones or delivery dates, required by such purchase orders or agreements. Furthermore, our customers may be unable or unwilling to perform their obligations thereunder on a timely basis, or at all if, among other reasons, our products and technologies do not achieve market acceptance, our customers' products and technologies do not achieve market acceptance or our customers otherwise fail to achieve their operating goals. To the extent we are unable to perform under such purchase orders or agreements or to the extent customers are unable or unwilling to perform, our operating results and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market. To maintain our listing on this market, we must meet NASDAQ's listing maintenance standards. If we are unable to continue to meet NASDAQ's listing maintenance standards for any reason, our common stock could be delisted from The NASDAQ Global Market. If our common stock were delisted, we likely would seek to list our common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market, the American Stock Exchange or on a regional stock exchange. Listing on such other market or exchange could reduce the liquidity of our common stock. If our common stock were not listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market or an exchange, trading of our common stock would be conducted in the Over-the-Counter (OTC) market on an electronic bulletin board established for unlisted securities or directly through market makers in our common stock. If our common stock were to trade in the OTC market, an investor would find it more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations for the price of, the common stock.

A delisting from The NASDAQ Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange would subject our common stock to so-called penny stock rules that impose additional sales practice and market-making requirements on broker-dealers who sell or make a market in such securities. Consequently, removal from The NASDAQ Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange could affect the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common stock and the ability of purchasers of our common stock to sell their securities in the secondary market.

On October 27, 2017, the closing price of our common stock was $2.27 per share.

Our products and potential products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology will compete with established manufacturers of existing products and companies developing new technologies. Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and other resources than we have. Because of their greater resources, our competitors may develop products or technologies that may be superior to our own. The introduction of superior competing products or technologies could result in reduced revenues, lower margins or loss of market share, any of which could reduce the value of our business.

The information display and 3D sensing industries have been characterized by rapidly changing technology, accelerated product obsolescence and continuously evolving industry standards. Our success will depend upon our ability to further develop our PicoP® scanning technology platform and to cost effectively introduce new products and features in a timely manner to meet evolving customer requirements and compete with competitors' product advances. We may not succeed in these efforts due to:

• Delays in product development;
• Lack of market acceptance for our technology or products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology; or
• Lack of funds to invest in product research, development and marketing.

The occurrence of any of the above factors could result in decreased revenues, market share and value of our business.

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We could face lawsuits related to our use of PicoP® scanning technology or other technologies. Defending these suits would be costly and time-consuming. An adverse outcome, in any such matter, could limit our ability to commercialize our technology or products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology, reduce our revenues and increase our operating expenses.

We are aware of several patents held by third parties that relate to certain aspects of light scanning displays and 3D sensing products. These patents could be used as a basis to challenge the validity, limit the scope or limit our ability to obtain additional or broader patent rights of our patents or patents we have licensed. A successful challenge to the validity of our patents or patents we have licensed could limit our ability to commercialize our technology or products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology and, consequently, materially reduce our revenues. Moreover, we cannot be certain that patent holders or other third parties will not claim infringement by us with respect to current and future technology. Because U.S. patent applications are held and examined in secrecy, it is also possible that presently pending U.S. applications will eventually be issued with claims that will be infringed by our products or our technology.

The defense and prosecution of a patent suit would be costly and time-consuming, even if the outcome were ultimately favorable to us. An adverse outcome in the defense of a patent suit could subject us to significant costs, require others and us to cease selling products incorporating our technology, require us to cease licensing our technology or require disputed rights to be licensed from third parties. Such licenses, if available, would increase our operating expenses. Moreover, if claims of infringement are asserted against our future co-development partners or customers, those partners or customers may seek indemnification from us for any damages or expenses they incur.

Our ability to successfully offer products incorporating PicoP® scanning technology and implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning and management process. The growth in business and relationships with customers and other third parties has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management systems and resources. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures, and will need to continue to train and manage our work force.

We incur significant costs related to procuring components and increasing our production capabilities to manufacture our products. We may experience delays, cost overruns or other unexpected costs associated with an increase in production. If we are unsuccessful in our efforts to reduce and control our manufacturing, supply chain and operating costs and keep costs aligned with the levels of revenues we generate, our business and financial condition could suffer.

Our technology and products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology could become subject to future environmental, health and safety regulations or amendments that could negatively impact our ability to commercialize our technology and products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology. Compliance with any such new regulations would likely increase the cost to develop and produce products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology, and violations may result in fines, penalties or suspension of production. If we become subject to any environmental, health, or safety laws or regulations that require us to cease or significantly change our operations to comply, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

In the recent past, general worldwide economic conditions have experienced a downturn due to slower economic activity, concerns about inflation, increased energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, and adverse business conditions. Any continuation or worsening of the current global economic and financial conditions could materially adversely affect: (i) our ability to raise, or the cost of, needed capital, (ii) demand for our current and future products, and (iii) our ability to commercialize products. We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, worldwide, regionally or in the display industry.

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Because we plan to continue using foreign contract manufacturers, our operating results could be harmed by economic, political, regulatory and other factors in foreign countries.

We currently use foreign contract manufacturers and plan to continue to use foreign contract manufacturers to manufacture current and future products, where appropriate. These international operations are subject to inherent risks, which may adversely affect us, including, but not limited to:

• Political and economic instability;
• High levels of inflation, historically the case in a number of countries in Asia;
• Burdens and costs of compliance with a variety of foreign laws, regulations and sanctions;
• Foreign taxes and duties;
• Changes in tariff rates or other trade, tax or monetary policies; and
• Changes or volatility in currency exchange rates and interest rates.

A major catastrophe, such as an earthquake, monsoon, flood or other natural disaster, labor strike, or work stoppage at our contract manufacturers' facilities, our suppliers, or our customers, could result in a prolonged interruption of our business. A disruption resulting from any one of these events could cause significant delays in product shipments and the loss of sales and customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technology is important and uncertain. If we do not obtain effective intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technology, we may be subject to increased competition. Our commercial success will depend, in part, on our ability, to maintain the proprietary nature of our PicoP® scanning technology and other key technologies by securing valid and enforceable patents and effectively maintaining unpatented technology as trade secrets.

We protect our proprietary PicoP® scanning technology by seeking to obtain United States and foreign patents in our name, or licenses to third party patents, related to proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements that may be important to the development of our business. However, our patent position involve complex legal and factual questions. The standards that the United States Patent and Trademark Office and its foreign counterparts use to grant patents are not always applied predictably or uniformly and can change.

Additionally, the scope of patents are subject to interpretation by courts and their validity can be subject to challenges and defenses, including challenges and defenses based on the existence of prior art. Consequently, we cannot be certain as to the extent to which we will be able to obtain patents for our new products and technology or the extent to which the patents that we already own, protect our products and technology. Reduction in scope of protection or invalidation of our licensed or owned patents, or our inability to obtain new patents, may enable other companies to develop products that compete directly with ours on the basis of the same or similar technology.

We also rely on the law of trade secrets to protect unpatented know-how and technology to maintain our competitive position. We try to protect this know-how and technology by limiting access to the trade secrets to those of our employees, contractors and partners, with a need-to-know such information and by entering into confidentiality agreements with parties that have access to it, such as our employees, consultants and business partners. Any of these parties could breach the agreements and disclose our trade secrets or confidential information, or our competitors might learn of the information in some other way. If any trade secret not protected by a patent were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor, our competitive position could be negatively affected.

We could be subject to product liability claims if any of the product applications are alleged to be defective or cause harmful effects. For example, because some of the scanning engines incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology could scan a low power beam of colored light into the user's eye, the testing, manufacture, marketing and sale of these products involve an inherent risk that product liability claims will be asserted against us.

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Additionally, any misuse of our technology or products incorporating our PicoP® scanning technology by end users or third parties that obtain access to our technology, could result in negative publicity and could harm our brand and reputation. Product liability claims or other claims related to our products or our technology, regardless of their outcome, could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation, divert management time and attention, require us to pay significant damages, harm our reputation or hinder acceptance of our products. Any successful product liability claim may prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially desirable or reasonable terms. An inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our products and our PicoP® scanning technology.

Our contracts and collaborative research and development agreements have long sales cycles that involve numerous steps including determining the product application, exploring the technical feasibility of a proposed product, evaluating the costs of manufacturing a product or qualifying a new or alternative contract manufacturer for production. Our long sales cycle, which can last several years, makes it difficult to predict the quarter in which revenue recognition will occur. Delays in entering into contracts and collaborative research and development agreements could cause significant variability in our revenues and operating results for any particular period.

Our contracts and collaborative research and development agreements, including without limitation, those discussed in this document, are exploratory in nature and are intended to develop new types of products for new applications. Our efforts may prove unsuccessful and these relationships may not result in the development of any product or any products that will be profitable.

We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit, store, and protect electronic data between our employees, our customers and our suppliers. Our systems are vulnerable to damage or interruptions due to events beyond our control, including, but are not limited to, natural disasters, power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hacking, or other cyber security issues. Our system redundancy may be inadequate and our disaster recovery planning may be ineffective or insufficient to account for all eventualities. Additionally, we maintain insurance coverage to address certain aspects of cyber risks. Such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all claims that may arise, should such an event occur.

Our success depends on our executive officers and other key personnel and on the ability to attract and retain qualified new personnel. Achievement of our business objectives will require substantial additional expertise in the areas of sales and marketing, research and product development and manufacturing. Competition for qualified personnel in these fields is intense, and the inability to attract and retain additional highly skilled personnel, or the loss of key personnel, could hinder our ability to compete effectively in the LBS markets and adversely affect our business strategy execution and results of operations.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The following documents are filed herewith.

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