MidWestOne Financial Group, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2019 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549




	FORM 10-Q



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to



	Commission file number 001-35968

MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)



Iowa	42-1206172
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

102 South Clinton Street

Iowa City, IA 52240

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

319-356-5800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)



Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $1.00 par value	MOFG	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of August 6, 2019, there were 16,217,329 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report

Table of Contents



		Page No.
PART I

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	1

	Consolidated Statements of Income	2

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	3

	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity	4

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	41

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	61

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	63

Part II

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	64

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	64

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	64

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	64

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	64

Item 5.	Other Information	64

Item 6.	Exhibits	65

	Signatures	66

Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Glossary of Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Terms

The acronyms, abbreviations, and terms listed below are used in various sections of this Form 10-Q, including "Item 1. Financial Statements" and "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."



AFS	Available for Sale	FHLB	Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines
ALLL	Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses	FHLMC	Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
ASU	Accounting Standards Update	FNMA	Federal National Mortgage Association
ABTW	American Bank and Trust-Wisconsin of Cuba City, Wisconsin	GAAP	U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
ATM	Automated Teller Machine	GNMA	Government National Mortgage Association
ATSB	American Trust & Savings Bank of Dubuque, Iowa	HTM	Held to Maturity
Basel III Rules	A comprehensive capital framework and rules for U.S. banking organizations approved by the FRB and the FDIC in 2013.	ICS	Insured Cash Sweep
BOLI	Bank Owned Life Insurance	LIBOR	The London Inter-bank Offered Rate is an interest-rate average calculated from estimates submitted by the leading banks in London.
CDARS	Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service	MBS	Mortgage-Backed Securities
CECL	Current Expected Credit Loss	OTTI	Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
CMOs	Collateralized Mortgage Obligations	PCD	Purchased Financial Assets With Credit Deterioration
CRA	Community Reinvestment Act	PCI	Purchased Credit Impaired
Dodd-Frank Act	Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act	ROU	Right-of-Use
ECL	Expected Credit Losses	RPA	Credit Risk Participation Agreement
EVE	Economic Value of Equity	SEC	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board	TDR	Troubled Debt Restructuring
FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Table of Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements.

MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	72,801		$	43,787
Interest earning deposits in banks	47,708			1,693
Total cash and cash equivalents	120,509			45,480
Debt securities available for sale at fair value	460,302			414,101
Held to maturity securities at amortized cost (fair value of $195,516 at June 30, 2019 and $192,564 at December 31, 2018)	193,173			195,822
Total securities held for investment	653,475			609,923
Loans held for sale	4,306			666
Gross loans held for investment	3,569,236			2,405,001
Unearned income, net	(32,733		)	(6,222		)
Loans held for investment, net of unearned income	3,536,503			2,398,779
Allowance for loan losses	(28,691		)	(29,307		)
Total loans held for investment, net	3,507,812			2,369,472
Premises and equipment, net	93,395			75,773
Goodwill	93,376			64,654
Other intangible assets, net	36,624			9,875
Foreclosed assets, net	4,922			535
Other assets	148,044			115,102
Total assets	$	4,662,463		$	3,291,480
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Noninterest bearing deposits	$	647,078		$	439,133
Interest bearing deposits	3,078,394			2,173,796
Total deposits	3,725,472			2,612,929
Short-term borrowings	153,829			131,422
Long-term debt	252,673			168,726
Other liabilities	42,138			21,336
Total liabilities	4,174,112			2,934,413
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, no par value; authorized 500,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$	—		$	—
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; issued 16,581,017 shares at June 30, 2019 and 12,463,48 December 31, 2018; outstanding 16,221,160 shares at June 30, 2019 and 12,180,015 shares at December 31, 2018	16,581			12,463
Additional paid-in capital	296,879			187,813
Retained earnings	181,984			168,951
Treasury stock at cost, 359,857 shares as of June 30, 2019 and 283,466 shares as of December 31, 2018	(8,716		)	(6,499		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	1,623			(5,661		)
Total shareholders' equity	488,351			357,067
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	4,662,463		$	3,291,480

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME



	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Interest income
Loans, including fees	$	40,053	$	27,486		$	69,088	$	54,053
Taxable investment securities	3,289		2,790			6,216		5,538
Tax-exempt investment securities	1,424		1,528			2,830		3,057
Other	185		18			205		27
Total interest income	44,951		31,822			78,339		62,675
Interest expense
Deposits	7,743		4,009			13,438		7,545
Short-term borrowings	500		359			957		620
Long-term debt	1,876		1,024			3,136		1,906
Total interest expense	10,119		5,392			17,531		10,071
Net interest income	34,832		26,430			60,808		52,604
Provision for loan losses	696		1,250			2,290		3,100
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	34,136		25,180			58,518		49,504
Noninterest income
Investment services and trust activities	1,890		1,218			3,280		2,457
Service charges and fees	1,870		1,518			3,312		3,089
Card revenue	1,799		1,093			2,797		2,059
Loan revenue	648		906			1,041		1,847
Bank-owned life insurance	470		397			862		830
Insurance commissions	314		319			734		720
Investment securities gains (losses), net	32		(4		)	49		5
Other	1,773		246			2,131		367
Total noninterest income	8,796		5,693			14,206		11,374
Noninterest expense
Compensation and employee benefits	16,409		12,225			28,988		24,596
Occupancy expense of premises, net	2,127		1,882			4,006		3,788
Equipment	1,914		1,408			3,285		2,791
Legal and professional	3,291		959			4,256		1,753
Data processing	1,008		691			1,853		1,379
Marketing	869		690			1,475		1,310
Amortization of intangibles	930		589			1,382		1,246
FDIC insurance	434		392			804		711
Communications	377		341			719		670
Foreclosed assets, net	84		145			142		106
Other	1,597		1,264			2,747		2,464
Total noninterest expense	29,040		20,586			49,657		40,814
Income before income tax expense	13,892		10,287			23,067		20,064
Income tax expense	3,218		2,131			5,108		4,115
Net income	$	10,674	$	8,156		$	17,959	$	15,949
Per common share information
Earnings - basic	$	0.72	$	0.67		$	1.33	$	1.31
Earnings - diluted	0.72		0.67			1.33		1.30
Dividends paid	0.2025		0.195			0.405		0.390

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income	$	10,674		$	8,156		$	17,959		$	15,949

Other comprehensive income (loss), debt securities available for sale:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period	5,777			(1,628		)	9,905			(6,416		)
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income	(32		)	—			(49		)	(9		)
Income tax (expense) benefit	(1,499		)	425			(2,572		)	1,677
Other comprehensive income (loss) on debt securities available for sale	4,246			(1,203		)	7,284			(4,748		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	4,246			(1,203		)	7,284			(4,748		)
Comprehensive income	$	14,920		$	6,953		$	25,243		$	11,201

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY



	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	Preferred Stock		Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	—	$	12,463	$	187,813		$	(6,499	)	$	168,951		$	(5,661	)	$	357,067
Net income	—		—		—			—			7,285			—			7,285
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.2025 per share)	—		—		—			—			(2,465		)	—			(2,465		)
Release/lapse of restriction on RSUs (24,550 shares)	—		—		(570		)	501			—			—			(69		)
Repurchase of common stock (49,216 shares)	—		—		—			(1,299		)	—			—			(1,299		)
Stock-based compensation	—		—		292			—			—			—			292
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—		—			—			—			3,038			3,038
Balance at March 31, 2019	—		12,463		187,535			(7,297		)	173,771			(2,623		)	363,849
Net income	—		—		—			—			10,674			—			10,674
Issuance of common stock due to business combination (4,117,536 shares), net of expenses of $323	—		4,118		109,228			—			—			—			113,346
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.2025 per share)	—		—		—			—			(2,461		)	—			(2,461		)
Release/lapse of restriction on RSUs (8,260 shares)	—		—		(196		)	177			—			—			(19		)
Repurchase of common stock (56,985 shares)	—		—		—			(1,596		)	—			—			(1,596		)
Share-based compensation	—		—		312			—			—			—			312
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—		—			—			—			4,246			4,246
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	—	$	16,581	$	296,879		$	(8,716	)	$	181,984		$	1,623		$	488,351



	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	Preferred Stock		Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	—	$	12,463	$	187,486		$	(5,121	)	$	148,078		$	(2,602	)	$	340,304
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles⁽¹⁾	—		—		—			—			57			(57		)	—
Net income	—		—		—			—			7,793			—			7,793
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.195 per share)	—		—		—			—			(2,386		)	—			(2,386		)
Stock options exercised (9,700 shares)	—		—		(68		)	204			—			—			136
Release/lapse of restriction on RSUs (22,200 shares)	—		—		(467		)	387			—			—			(80		)
Repurchase of common stock (33,998 shares)	—		—		—			(1,082		)	—			—			(1,082		)
Stock-based compensation	—		—		237			—			—			—			237
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—		—			—			—			(3,545		)	(3,545		)
Balance at March 31, 2018	—		12,463		187,188			(5,612		)	153,542			(6,204		)	341,377
Net income	—		—		—			—			8,156			—			8,156
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.195 per share)	—		—		—			—			(2,383		)	—			(2,383		)
Release/lapse of restriction on RSUs (6,325 shares)	—		—		(142		)	138			—			—			(4		)
Share-based compensation	—		—		258			—			—			—			258
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—		—			—			—			(1,203		)	(1,203		)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	—	$	12,463	$	187,304		$	(5,474	)	$	159,315		$	(7,407	)	$	346,201

(1) Reclassification due to adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS



	Six Months Ended June 30,
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands)	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	17,959		$	15,949
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	2,290			3,100
Depreciation of premises and equipment	2,254			2,057
Amortization of discount on long-term debt	51			48
Amortization of intangible assets	1,382			1,246
Amortization of net premiums on debt securities available for sale	336			492
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets	450			—
Loss on sale of premises and equipment	40			18
Deferred income taxes	(76		)	(803		)
Stock-based compensation	604			496
Net (gains) losses on equity securities	(82		)	23
Net gain on sale or call of debt securities available for sale	(49		)	(9		)
Net loss on call of debt securities held to maturity	—			4
Net (gain) loss on sale of foreclosed assets, net	1			(50		)
Net gain on sale of loans held for sale	(821		)	(802		)
Writedown of foreclosed assets	—			5
Origination of loans held for sale	(50,900		)	(30,140		)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale	49,429			30,270
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance	(862		)	(830		)
(Increase) decrease in other assets	1,116			(3,156		)
Increase (decrease) in interest payable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities	(4,866		)	3,441
Net cash provided by operating activities	18,256			21,359
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of equity securities	(6		)	(505		)
Proceeds from sales of debt securities available for sale	125,414			496
Proceeds from maturities and calls of debt securities available for sale	49,699			30,942
Purchases of debt securities available for sale	(112,256		)	(31,194		)
Proceeds from maturities and calls of debt securities held to maturity	3,117			3,132
Purchase of debt securities held to maturity	—			(553		)
Net increase in loans	(5,482		)	(78,203		)
Purchases of premises and equipment	(1,242		)	(4,212		)
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed assets	763			1,883
Proceeds of principal and earnings from bank-owned life insurance	—			452
Payments to acquire intangible assets	—			(125		)
Proceeds from sale of intangible assets	99			—
Net cash acquired in business acquisition	37,054			—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	97,160			(77,887		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase (decrease) in deposits	33,449			(1,118		)
Net increase (decrease) in FHLB advances	(19,200		)	52,100
Increase (decrease) in federal funds purchased	427			(679		)
Decrease in securities sold under agreements to repurchase	(19,581		)	(21,183		)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	31,400			85,000
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	(89,400		)	(57,000		)
Proceeds from stock options exercised	—			135
Taxes paid relating to net share settlement of equity awards	(88		)	(84		)
Proceeds from other long-term debt	35,000			—
Payments on other long-term debt	(4,250		)	(2,500		)
Dividends paid	(4,926		)	(4,769		)
Payment of stock issuance costs	(323		)	—
Repurchase of common stock	(2,895		)	(1,082		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(40,387		)	48,820
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	75,029			(7,708		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	45,480			50,972
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	120,509		$	43,264

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(unaudited) (dollars in thousands)	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	15,493	$	9,755
Cash paid during the period for income taxes	1,405		1,710
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Transfer of loans to foreclosed assets, net	$	1,384	$	504
Initial recognition of operating lease right of use asset	2,892		—
Initial recognition of operation lease liability	2,892		—
Transfer due to cumulative effective of change in accounting principles. See Note 2. “Effect of New Financial Accounting Standards” for additional information.	—		57

Supplemental Schedule of non-cash Investing Activities from Acquisition:
Noncash assets acquired:
Debt securities available for sale	$	99,056	$	—
Loans	1,137,880		—
Premises and equipment	19,213		—
Goodwill	28,722		—
Core deposit intangible	28,230		—
Bank-owned life insurance	18,759		—
Foreclosed assets	3,767		—
Other assets	17,657		—
Total noncash assets acquired	1,353,284		—

Liabilities assumed:
Deposits	1,079,094		—
Short-term borrowings	60,761		—
FHLB borrowings	82,771		—
Junior subordinated notes issued to capital trusts	17,557		—
Subordinated debentures	10,873		—
Other liabilities	25,613		—
Total liabilities assumed	$	1,276,669	$	—

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MidWestOne Financial Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Principles of Consolidation and Presentation

MidWestOne Financial Group, Inc. (the “Company,” which is also referred to herein as “we,” “our” or “us”) is an Iowa corporation incorporated in 1983, a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and a financial holding company under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. Our principal executive offices are located at 102 South Clinton Street, Iowa City, Iowa 52240.

The Company owns all of the common stock of MidWestOne Bank, an Iowa state non-member bank chartered in 1934 with its main office in Iowa City, Iowa (the “Bank”). We operate primarily through MidWestOne Bank, our bank subsidiary.

On May 1, 2019, the Company acquired ATBancorp, a bank holding company and the parent company of ATSB, a commercial bank headquartered in Dubuque, Iowa, and ABTW, a commercial bank headquartered in Cuba City, Wisconsin. The primary reasons for the acquisition were to expand the Company’s business into new markets and grow the size of the Company’s business. As consideration for the merger, we issued 4,117,536 shares of our common stock with a value of $116.0 million, and paid cash in the amount of $34.8 million. See Note 3. “Business Combinations” for additional information.

On June 30, 2019, the Company sold substantially all of the assets used by MidWestOne Insurance Services, Inc. to sell insurance products. The Company recognized a pre-tax gain of $1.1 million from the sale which was reported in ‘Other’ noninterest income on the Company’s consolidated statements of income. In 2018, MidWestOne Insurance Services accounted for $1.3 million and $1.1 million of the Company’s total noninterest income and expense, respectively.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all the information and notes necessary for complete financial statements in conformity with GAAP. The information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is written with the presumption that the users of the interim financial statements have read or have access to the most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company, filed with the SEC on March 8, 2019, which contains the latest audited financial statements and notes thereto, together with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as of December 31, 2018 and for the year then ended. Management believes that the disclosures in this Form 10-Q are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and the results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect: (1) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (2) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and (3) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on information available to management at the time the estimates are made. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 may not be indicative of results for the year ending December 31, 2019, or for any other period.

All significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the quarterly financial statements are disclosed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

In the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in banks, and federal funds sold.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ consolidated financial statements to present them on a basis comparable with the current period’s consolidated financial statements.

2. Effect of New Financial Accounting Standards

Accounting Guidance Adopted in 2019

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance in this update is meant to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. All leases create an asset and a liability for the lessee in accordance

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with FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, and, therefore, recognition of those lease assets and lease liabilities represents an improvement over previous GAAP, which did not require lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for most leases. Disclosures are required by lessees and lessors to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. To meet that objective, qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures are required. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2019, utilizing the cumulative effect approach, and also elected certain relief options offered in ASU 2016-02 including the package of practical expedients, the option not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead to account for them as a single lease component, and the option not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities that arise from short-term leases (i.e., leases with terms of twelve months or less). The Company elected the hindsight practical expedient, which allows entities to use hindsight when determining lease term and impairment of ROU assets. The Company has several lease agreements, such as branch locations, which are considered operating leases, and are now recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The new guidance requires these lease agreements to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheets as a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability. See Note 19 “Leases” for more information. The Company also implemented internal controls and key system functionality to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Guidance Pending Adoption at June 30, 2019

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. The amendment requires the use of a new model covering CECL, which will apply to: (1) financial assets subject to credit losses and measured at amortized cost, and (2) certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. Upon initial recognition of the exposure, the CECL model requires an entity to estimate the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures). The estimate of ECL should consider historical information, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, including estimates of prepayments. The new guidance also amends the current AFS security OTTI model for debt securities. The new model will require an estimate of ECL only when the fair value is below the amortized cost of the asset. The length of time the fair value of an AFS debt security has been below the amortized cost will no longer impact the determination of whether a credit loss exists. As such, it is no longer an other-than-temporary model. Finally, the PCD model applies to purchased financial assets (measured at amortized cost or AFS) that have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. This represents a change from the scope of what are considered purchased credit-impaired assets under the current model. Different than the accounting for originated or purchased assets that do not qualify as PCD, the initial estimate of expected credit losses for a PCD would be recognized through an allowance for loan and lease losses with an offset to the cost basis of the related financial asset at acquisition. The new standard applies to public business entities that are SEC filers in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is expected to increase the ALLL upon adoption. The Company has formed a working group to evaluate the impact of the standard’s adoption on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and has selected a software vendor to assist with implementation. The team meets periodically to discuss the latest developments, ensure progress is being made, and keep current on evolving interpretations and industry practices related to ASU 2016-13. The Company’s preliminary evaluation indicates that the provisions of ASU No. 2016-13 are expected to impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements, in particular the level of the reserve for credit losses. The Company is continuing to evaluate the extent of the potential impact.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The amendments in this update modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. Four disclosure requirements were removed, three were modified, and two were added. In addition, the amendments eliminate “at a minimum” from the phrase “an entity shall disclose at a minimum” to promote the appropriate exercise of discretion by entities when considering fair value measurement disclosures and to clarify that materiality is an appropriate consideration of entities and their auditors when evaluating disclosure requirements. The amendments in this update are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Company is considering the early adoption

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of removed and modified disclosures. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Business Combinations

On May 1, 2019, the Company acquired ATBancorp and its wholly-owned banking subsidiaries ATSB and ABTW. The primary reasons for the acquisition were to expand the Company’s operations into new markets and grow the size of the Company’s business. At the effective time of the merger, each share of common stock of ATBancorp converted into (1) 117.55 shares of common stock of the Company, and (2) $992.51 in cash.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. The assets and liabilities, both tangible and intangible, were recorded at their fair values as of the May 1, 2019 acquisition date. Due to the proximity of the acquisition date to the reporting date, initial accounting for the merger consideration, assets acquired and liabilities assumed was incomplete as of June 30, 2019. Thus, such amounts recognized in the financial statements have been determined only provisionally. The application of the acquisition method of accounting resulted in the recognition of goodwill of $28.7 million and a core deposit intangible of $28.2 million. The goodwill represents the excess purchase price of the fair value of the net assets acquired. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The table below summarizes the amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:



(in thousands)	May 1, 2019
Merger consideration
Market value of common stock at $28.18 per share at May 1, 2019 (4,117,536 shares of common stock issued)	$	116,032
Stock illiquidity discount due to restrictions	(2,363		)
Cash paid	34,766
Total merger consideration				$	148,435
Identifiable net assets acquired, at fair value
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents	$	71,820
Debt securities available for sale	99,056
Total loans held for investment, net	1,137,880
Premises and equipment	19,213
Core deposit intangible	28,230
Bank-owned life insurance	18,759
Other real estate owned	3,767
Other assets	17,657
Total assets acquired				1,396,382
Liabilities assumed
Deposits	$	1,079,094
Short-term borrowings	60,761
FHLB borrowings	82,771
Junior subordinated notes issued to capital trusts	17,557
Subordinated debentures	10,873
Other liabilities	25,613
Total liabilities assumed				1,276,669
Fair value of net assets acquired				119,713
Goodwill				$	28,722

See Note 7. “Goodwill and Intangible Assets,” for further discussion of the accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets.

The operating results of the Company reported herein include the operating results produced by the acquired assets and assumed liabilities for the period May 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. Disclosure of the amount of ATBancorp’s revenue and net income (excluding integration costs) included in the Company’s consolidated statements of income is impracticable due to the integration of the operations and accounting for this acquisition.

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For illustrative purposes only, the following table presents certain unaudited pro forma information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. This unaudited estimated pro forma financial information was calculated as if ATBancorp had been acquired as of January 1, 2018. This unaudited pro forma information combines the historical results of ATBancorp with the Company’s consolidated historical results and includes certain adjustments reflecting the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments for the respective periods. The pro forma information is not indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of the year prior to the acquisition. The unaudited pro forma information does not consider any changes to the provision for credit losses resulting from recording loan assets at fair value. Additionally, the Company expects to achieve further operating cost savings and other business synergies, including revenue growth as a result of the acquisition, which are not reflected in the pro forma amounts that follow. As a result, actual amounts would have differed from the unaudited pro forma information presented.



	Unaudited Pro Forma
	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands, except per share)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Total revenues (net interest income plus noninterest income)	$	65,623	$	49,394	$	114,284	$	99,186
Net income	$	19,786	$	8,794	$	31,985	$	18,680
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.22	$	0.54	$	1.96	$	1.14
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.22	$	0.54	$	1.96	$	1.14

The following table shows the impact of the acquisition-related expenses related to the acquisition of ATBancorp for the periods indicated to the various components of noninterest expense:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
(in thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Noninterest Expense
Compensation and employee benefits	$	1,020	$	—	$	1,030	$	—
Legal and professional	1,826		—		1,952		—
Data processing	240		—		245		—
Other	48		—		74		—
Total impact of acquisition-related costs to noninterest expense	$	3,134	$	—	$	3,301	$	—

4. Debt Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities AFS, with gross unrealized gains and losses, were as follows:



	As of June 30, 2019
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Government agencies and corporations	$	479	$	—	$	—	$	479
State and political subdivisions	99,679		1,718		13		101,384
Mortgage-backed securities	24,760		307		22		25,045
Collateralized mortgage obligations	192,695		1,384		1,954		192,125
Corporate debt securities	140,493		1,021		245		141,269
Total debt securities	$	458,106	$	4,430	$	2,234	$	460,302



	As of December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Government agencies and corporations	$	5,522	$	—	$	27	$	5,495
State and political subdivisions	121,403		877		379		121,901
Mortgage-backed securities	51,625		100		1,072		50,653
Collateralized mortgage obligations	176,134		220		6,426		169,928
Corporate debt securities	67,077		64		1,017		66,124
Total debt securities	$	421,761	$	1,261	$	8,921	$	414,101

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The amortized cost and fair value of HTM securities, with gross unrealized gains and losses, were as follows:



	As of June 30, 2019
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
State and political subdivisions	$	129,862	$	1,798	$	130	$	131,530
Mortgage-backed securities	10,671		192		8		10,855
Collateralized mortgage obligations	16,952		39		111		16,880
Corporate debt securities	35,688		670		107		36,251
Total debt securities	$	193,173	$	2,699	$	356	$	195,516



	As of December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
State and political subdivisions	$	131,177	$	314	$	2,437	$	129,054
Mortgage-backed securities	11,016		1		331		10,686
Collateralized mortgage obligations	18,527		—		669		17,858
Corporate debt securities	35,102		331		467		34,966
Total debt securities	$	195,822	$	646	$	3,904	$	192,564

Debt securities with a carrying value of $282.6 million and $197.2 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, were pledged on public deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and for other purposes, as required or permitted by law.

Certain debt securities AFS and HTM were temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. This temporary impairment represents the estimated amount of loss that would be realized if the securities were sold on the valuation date.

The following tables present information pertaining to debt securities with gross unrealized losses as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position:



		As of June 30, 2019
	Number of Securities	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
Available for Sale	Number of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(in thousands, except number of securities)
State and political subdivisions	8	$	1,254	$	4	$	2,515	$	9	$	3,769	$	13
Mortgage-backed securities	8	1,217		4		3,588		18		4,805		22
Collateralized mortgage obligations	22	—		—		96,000		1,954		96,000		1,954
Corporate debt securities	11	29,784		174		17,751		71		47,535		245
Total	49	$	32,255	$	182	$	119,854	$	2,052	$	152,109	$	2,234



		As of December 31, 2018
	Number of Securities	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Number of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(in thousands, except number of securities)
U.S. Government agencies and corporations	2	$	—	$	—	$	5,495	$	27	$	5,495	$	27
State and political subdivisions	75	27,508		121		12,140		258		39,648		379
Mortgage-backed securities	24	1,893		15		44,882		1,057		46,775		1,072
Collateralized mortgage obligations	40	3,906		75		134,742		6,351		138,648		6,426
Corporate debt securities	11	—		—		58,040		1,017		58,040		1,017
Total	152	$	33,307	$	211	$	255,299	$	8,710	$	288,606	$	8,921

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		As of June 30, 2019
	Number of Securities	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
Held to Maturity	Number of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(in thousands, except number of securities)
State and political subdivisions	42	$	—	$	—	$	17,336	$	130	$	17,336	$	130
Mortgage-backed securities	4	—		—		1,068		8		1,068		8
Collateralized mortgage obligations	4	—		—		9,703		111		9,703		111
Corporate debt securities	3	496		4		2,795		103		3,291		107
Total	53	$	496	$	4	$	30,902	$	352	$	31,398	$	356



		As of December 31, 2018
	Number of Securities	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Number of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(in thousands, except number of securities)
State and political subdivisions	223	$	20,905	$	130	$	56,154	$	2,307	$	77,059	$	2,437
Mortgage-backed securities	6	9,486		298		1,138		33		10,624		331
Collateralized mortgage obligations	8	—		—		17,849		669		17,849		669
Corporate debt securities	5	8,177		181		5,685		286		13,862		467
Total	242	$	38,568	$	609	$	80,826	$	3,295	$	119,394	$	3,904

The Company’s assessment of OTTI is based on its reasonable judgment of the specific facts and circumstances impacting each individual debt security at the time such assessments are made. The Company reviews and considers factual information, including expected cash flows, the structure of the debt security, the creditworthiness of the issuer, the type of underlying assets and the current and anticipated market conditions.

At June 30, 2019, approximately 56% of the municipal bonds held by the Company were Iowa-based, and approximately 20% were Minnesota-based. The Company does not intend to sell these municipal obligations, and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell them until the recovery of their cost. Due to the issuers’ continued satisfaction of their obligations under the securities in accordance with their contractual terms and the expectation that they will continue to do so, management’s intent and ability to hold these securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value, as well as the evaluation of the fundamentals of the issuers’ financial conditions and other objective evidence, the Company believed that the municipal obligations identified in the tables above were only temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s MBS and CMOs portfolios consisted of securities predominantly backed by one- to four-family mortgage loans and underwritten to the standards of and guaranteed by the following government-sponsored agencies: the FHLMC, the FNMA, and the GNMA. The receipt of principal, at par, and interest on MBS is guaranteed by the respective government-sponsored agency guarantor, such that the Company believes that its MBS and CMOs do not expose the Company to credit-related losses.

At June 30, 2019, all but two, and on December 31, 2018, all but one, of the Company’s corporate bonds held an investment grade rating from Moody’s, S&P or Kroll, or carried a guarantee from an agency of the US government. We have evaluated financial statements of the companies issuing the non-investment grade bonds and found the companies’ earnings and equity positions to be satisfactory and in line with industry norms. Therefore, we expect to receive all contractual payments. The internal evaluation of the non-investment grade bonds along with the investment grade ratings on the remainder of the corporate portfolio lead us to conclude that all of the corporate bonds in our portfolio will continue to pay according to their contractual terms. Since the Company has the ability and intent to hold securities until price recovery, we believe that there is no OTTI in the corporate bond portfolio.

It is reasonably possible that the fair values of the Company’s debt securities could decline in the future if interest rates increase or the overall economy or the financial conditions of the issuers deteriorate. As a result, there is a risk that OTTI may be recognized in the future, and any such amounts could be material to the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

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The contractual maturity distribution of investment debt securities at June 30, 2019, is summarized as follows:



	Available For Sale				Held to Maturity
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	5,683	$	5,714	$	2,042	$	2,051
Due after one year through five years	143,766		144,674		29,833		30,169
Due after five years through ten years	85,179		86,632		107,577		109,358
Due after ten years	6,023		6,112		26,098		26,203
Debt securities without a single maturity date	217,455		217,170		27,623		27,735
Total	$	458,106	$	460,302	$	193,173	$	195,516

MBS and CMOs are collateralized by mortgage loans and guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. Our experience has indicated that principal payments will be collected sooner than scheduled because of prepayments. Therefore, these securities are not reflected in the maturity categories indicated above.

Realized gains and losses on sales and calls are determined on the basis of specific identification of investments based on the trade date. Realized gains (losses) on debt securities due to sale or call, including impairment losses, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, were as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Debt securities available for sale:
Gross realized gains	$	79		$	—		$	105		$	9
Gross realized losses	(45		)	—			(54		)	—
Net realized gains	$	34		$	—		$	51		$	9
Debt securities held to maturity:
Gross realized losses	(2		)	(4		)	(2		)	(4		)
Net realized gain (loss)	$	(2	)	$	(4	)	$	(2	)	$	(4	)
Total net realized gain (loss) on sale or call of debt securities	$	32		$	(4	)	$	49		$	5

5. Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Loan Losses

The composition of allowance for loan losses and loans by portfolio segment and impairment method are as follows:



	Recorded Investment in Loan Receivables and Allowance for Loan Losses
	As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Agricultural		Commercial and Industrial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
June 30, 2019
Loans held for investment, net of unearned income
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	5,477	$	9,185	$	7,342	$	1,094	$	21	$	23,119
Collectively evaluated for impairment	147,014		856,773		1,798,849		595,196		99,149		3,496,981
Purchased credit impaired loans	—		65		12,318		4,020		—		16,403
Total	$	152,491	$	866,023	$	1,818,509	$	600,310	$	99,170	$	3,536,503
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	788	$	2,123	$	760	$	238	$	—	$	3,909
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,932		5,509		12,179		2,695		306		23,621
Purchased credit impaired loans	—		1		716		444		—		1,161
Total	$	3,720	$	7,633	$	13,655	$	3,377	$	306	$	28,691

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(in thousands)	Agricultural		Commercial and Industrial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Total
December 31, 2018
Loans held for investment, net of unearned income
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	4,090	$	8,957	$	7,957	$	1,760	$	24	$	22,788
Collectively evaluated for impairment	92,866		524,182		1,246,589		455,941		39,404		2,358,982
Purchased credit impaired loans	—		49		12,782		4,178		—		17,009
Total	$	96,956	$	533,188	$	1,267,328	$	461,879	$	39,428	$	2,398,779
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	322	$	2,159	$	2,683	$	120	$	—	$	5,284
Collectively evaluated for impairment	3,315		5,318		12,232		1,753		208		22,826
Purchased credit impaired loans	—		1		720		476		—		1,197
Total	$	3,637	$	7,478	$	15,635	$	2,349	$	208	$	29,307

As of June 30, 2019, the gross PCI loans included above were $16.9 million, with a discount of $0.5 million. As of December 31, 2018, the gross PCI loans included above were $17.9 million, with a discount of $0.9 million.

Loans with unpaid principal in the amount of $694.3 million and $444.6 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, were pledged to the FHLB as collateral for borrowings.

The changes in the ALLL by portfolio segment were as follows:




	Allowance for Loan Loss Activity
	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018
(in thousands)	Agricultural			Commercial and Industrial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Total
2019
Beginning balance	$	3,691		$	7,594		$	14,798		$	3,272		$	297		$	29,652
Charge-offs	(16		)	(1,759		)	(310		)	(1		)	(101		)	(2,187		)
Recoveries	2			100			257			8			163			530
Provision (negative provision)	43			1,698			(1,090		)	98			(53		)	696
Ending balance	$	3,720		$	7,633		$	13,655		$	3,377		$	306		$	28,691
2018
Beginning balance	$	3,153		$	8,362		$	14,997		$	2,877		$	282		$	29,671
Charge-offs	(268		)	(3		)	—			(3		)	(17		)	(291		)
Recoveries	9			103			40			15			3			170
Provision (negative provision)	(238		)	95			1,304			101			(12		)	1,250
Ending balance	$	2,656		$	8,557		$	16,341		$	2,990		$	256		$	30,800




	Allowance for Loan Loss Activity
	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018
(in thousands)	Agricultural			Commercial and Industrial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Total
2019
Beginning balance	$	3,637		$	7,478		$	15,635		$	2,349		$	208		$	29,307
Charge-offs	(150		)	(2,113		)	(960		)	(50		)	(269		)	(3,542		)
Recoveries	9			148			265			17			197			636
Provision (negative provision)	224			2,120			(1,285		)	1,061			170			2,290
Ending balance	$	3,720		$	7,633		$	13,655		$	3,377		$	306		$	28,691
2018
Beginning balance	$	2,790		$	8,518		$	13,637		$	2,870		$	244		$	28,059
Charge-offs	(268		)	(90		)	(264		)	(107		)	(38		)	(767		)
Recoveries	15			182			116			77			18			408
Provision (negative provision)	119			(53		)	2,852			150			32			3,100
Ending balance	$	2,656		$	8,557		$	16,341		$	2,990		$	256		$	30,800

Loan Portfolio Segment Risk Characteristics

Agricultural - Agricultural loans, most of which are secured by crops, livestock, and machinery, are provided to finance capital improvements and farm operations as well as acquisitions of livestock and machinery. The ability of the borrower to repay may be affected by many factors outside of the borrower’s control including adverse weather conditions, loss of livestock due to disease or other factors, declines in market prices for agricultural products and the impact of government

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regulations. The ultimate repayment of agricultural loans is dependent upon the profitable operation or management of the agricultural entity. Collateral for these loans generally includes accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and real estate. However, depending on the overall financial condition of the borrower, some loans are made on an unsecured basis. The collateral securing these loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based on the success of the business.

Commercial and Industrial - Commercial and industrial loans are primarily made based on the reported cash flow of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The collateral support provided by the borrower for most of these loans and the probability of repayment are based on the liquidation of the pledged collateral and enforcement of a personal guarantee, if any exists. The primary repayment risks of commercial and industrial loans are that the cash flows of the borrower may be unpredictable, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. The size of the loans the Company can offer to commercial customers is less than the size of the loans that competitors with larger lending limits can offer. This may limit the Company’s ability to establish relationships with the largest businesses in the areas in which the Company operates. As a result, the Company may assume greater lending risks than financial institutions that have a lesser concentration of such loans and tend to make loans to larger businesses. Collateral for these loans generally includes accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and real estate. However, depending on the overall financial condition of the borrower, some loans are made on an unsecured basis. The collateral securing these loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based on the success of the business. In addition, a decline in the U.S. economy could harm or continue to harm the businesses of the Company’s commercial and industrial customers and reduce the value of the collateral securing these loans.

Commercial Real Estate - The Company offers mortgage loans to commercial and agricultural customers for the acquisition of real estate used in their businesses, such as offices, warehouses and production facilities, and to real estate investors for the acquisition of apartment buildings, retail centers, office buildings and other commercial buildings. The market value of real estate securing commercial real estate loans can fluctuate significantly in a short period of time as a result of market conditions in the geographic area in which the real estate is located. Adverse developments affecting real estate values in one or more of the Company’s markets could increase the credit risk associated with its loan portfolio. Additionally, real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts than other loans, and the repayment of the loans generally is dependent, in large part, on sufficient income from the properties securing the loans to cover operating expenses and debt service. Economic events or governmental regulations outside of the Company’s control or that of the borrower could negatively impact the future cash flow and market values of the affected properties.

Residential Real Estate - The Company generally retains short-term residential mortgage loans that are originated for its own portfolio but sells most long-term loans to other parties while retaining servicing rights on the majority of those loans. The market value of real estate securing residential real estate loans can fluctuate as a result of market conditions in the geographic area in which the real estate is located. Adverse developments affecting real estate values in one or more of the Company’s markets could increase the credit risk associated with its loan portfolio. Additionally, real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts than other loans, and the repayment of the loans generally is dependent, in large part, on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and is therefore more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances.

Consumer - Consumer loans typically have shorter terms, lower balances, higher yields and higher risks of default than real estate-related loans. Consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and are therefore more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances. Collateral for these loans generally includes automobiles, boats, recreational vehicles, mobile homes, and real estate. However, depending on the overall financial condition of the borrower, some loans are made on an unsecured basis. The collateral securing these loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to recover and may fluctuate in value based on condition. In addition, a decline in the United States economy could result in reduced employment, impacting the ability of customers to repay their obligations.

Purchased Loans Policy

All purchased loans (nonimpaired and impaired) are initially measured at fair value as of the acquisition date in accordance with applicable authoritative accounting guidance. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value. An ALLL is not recorded at the acquisition date for loans purchased.

Individual loans acquired through the completion of a transfer, including loans that have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments receivable, are referred to herein as PCI loans. In determining the acquisition date fair value and estimated credit losses of PCI loans, and in subsequent accounting, the Company accounts for loans individually. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the “nonaccretable difference,” are not recognized as a yield adjustment or as a loss accrual or valuation allowance.

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Expected cash flows at the purchase date in excess of the fair value of loans, if any, are recorded as interest income over the expected life of the loans if the timing and amount of future cash flows are reasonably estimable. Subsequent to the purchase date, increases in cash flows over those expected at the purchase date are recognized as interest income prospectively. The present value of any decreases in expected cash flows after the purchase date is recognized by recording an ALLL and a provision for loan losses. If the Company does not have the information necessary to reasonably estimate cash flows to be expected, it may use the cost-recovery method or cash-basis method of income recognition.

Charge-off Policy

The Company requires a loan to be charged-off, in whole or in part, as soon as it becomes apparent that some loss will be incurred, or when its collectability is sufficiently questionable that it no longer is considered a bankable asset. The primary considerations when determining if and how much of a loan should be charged-off are as follows: (1) the potential for future cash flows; (2) the value of any collateral; and (3) the strength of any co-makers or guarantors.

When it is determined that a loan requires a partial or full charge-off, a request for approval of a charge-off is submitted to the Company’s President, Senior Vice President and Chief Credit Officer, and the Senior Regional Loan officer. The Bank’s board of directors formally approves all loan charge-offs. Once a loan is charged-off, it cannot be restructured and returned to the Company’s books.

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

The Company requires the maintenance of an adequate ALLL in order to cover estimated probable losses without eroding the Company’s capital base. Calculations are done at each quarter end, or more frequently if warranted, to analyze the collectability of loans and to ensure the adequacy of the allowance. In line with FDIC guidance, the ALLL calculation does not include consideration of loans held for sale or off-balance-sheet credit exposures (such as unfunded letters of credit). Determining the appropriate level for the ALLL relies on the informed judgment of management, and as such, is subject to inexactness. Given the inherently imprecise nature of calculating the necessary ALLL, the Company’s policy permits the actual ALLL to be between 20% above and 5% below the “indicated reserve.”

Loans Reviewed Individually for Impairment

The Company identifies loans to be reviewed and evaluated individually for impairment based on current information and events and the probability that the borrower will be unable to repay all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Specific areas of consideration include: size of credit exposure, risk rating, delinquency, nonaccrual status, and loan classification.

The level of individual impairment is measured using one of the following methods: (1) the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell; (2) the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; or (3) the loan’s observable market price. Loans that are deemed fully collateralized or have been charged down to a level corresponding with any of the three measurements require no assignment of reserves from the ALLL.

A loan modification is a change in an existing loan contract that has been agreed to by the borrower and the Bank, which may or may not be a TDR. All loans deemed TDR are considered impaired. A loan is considered a TDR when, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, a concession is granted to the borrower that would not otherwise be considered. Both financial distress on the part of the borrower and the Bank’s granting of a concession, which are detailed further below, must be present in order for the loan to be considered a TDR.

All of the following factors are indicators that the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties (one or more items may be present):


•	The borrower is currently in default on any of its debt.


•	The borrower has declared or is in the process of declaring bankruptcy.


•	There is significant doubt as to whether the borrower will continue to be a going concern.


•	Currently, the borrower has securities being held as collateral that have been delisted, are in the process of being delisted, or are under threat of being delisted from an exchange.


•	Based on estimates and projections that only encompass the current business capabilities, the borrower forecasts that its entity-specific cash flows will be insufficient to service the debt (both interest and principal) in accordance with the contractual terms of the existing agreement through maturity.


•	Absent the current modification, the borrower cannot obtain funds from sources other than the existing creditors at an effective interest rate equal to the current market interest rate for similar debt for a non-troubled borrower.

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The following factors are potential indicators that a concession has been granted (one or multiple items may be present):


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the stated interest rate for the remaining original life of the debt.


•	The borrower receives an extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower that the current market interest rate for new debt with similar risk characteristics.


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the face amount or maturity amount of the debt as stated in the instrument or other agreement.


•	The borrower receives a deferral of required payments (principal and/or interest).


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the accrued interest.

The following table sets forth information on the Company’s TDRs by class of loan occurring during the stated periods:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018
	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
(dollars in thousands)
Troubled Debt Restructurings⁽¹⁾:
Commercial real estate:
Farmland
Extended maturity date	—	$	—	$	—	1	$	86	$	86
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens
Extended maturity date	3	240		239		—	—		—
One- to four- family junior liens
Extended maturity date	1	$	25	$	25	—	$	—	$	—
Total	4	$	265	$	264	1	$	86	$	86




	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018
(dollars in thousands)	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings⁽¹⁾:
Commercial real estate:
Farmland
Extended maturity date	—	$	—	$	—	1	$	86	$	86
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens
Extended maturity date	3	240		239		—	—		—
One- to four- family junior liens
Extended maturity date	2	76		76		—	—		—
Total	5	$	316	$	315	1	$	86	$	86

(1) TDRs may include multiple concessions, and the disclosure classifications are based on the primary concession provided to the borrower.

Loans by class modified as TDRs within 12 months of modification and for which there was a payment default during the stated periods were as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
(dollars in thousands)	Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment		Number of Contracts	Recorded Investment
Troubled Debt Restructurings⁽¹⁾ That Subsequently Defaulted:
Commercial real estate:
Commercial real estate-other
Extended maturity date	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	1	$	2,657
Total	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	1	$	2,657

(1) TDRs may include multiple concessions, and the disclosure classifications are based on the primary concession provided to the borrower.

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Loans Reviewed Collectively for Impairment

All loans not evaluated individually for impairment will be separated into homogeneous pools to be collectively evaluated. Loans will be first grouped into the various loan types (i.e. commercial, agricultural, consumer, etc.) and further segmented within each subset by risk classification (i.e. pass, special mention/watch, and substandard). Homogeneous loans past due 60-89 days and 90 days or more are classified special mention/watch and substandard, respectively, for allocation purposes.

The Company’s historical loss experience for each group segmented by loan type is calculated for the prior 20 quarters as a starting point for estimating losses. In addition, other prevailing qualitative or environmental factors likely to cause probable losses to vary from historical data are incorporated in the form of adjustments to increase or decrease the loss rate applied to each group. These adjustments are documented and fully explain how the current information, events, circumstances, and conditions impact the historical loss measurement assumptions.

Although not a comprehensive list, the following are considered key factors and are evaluated with each calculation of the ALLL to determine if adjustments to historical loss rates are warranted:


•	Changes in national and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various market segments.


•	Changes in the quality and experience of lending staff and management.


•	Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses.


•	Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, classified loans and non-performing loans.


•	The existence and potential impact of any concentrations of credit.


•	Changes in the nature and terms of loans such as growth rates and utilization rates.


•	Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, considering the Company’s disposition bias.


•	The effect of other external factors such as the legal and regulatory environment.

The Company may also consider other qualitative factors for additional ALLL allocations, including changes in the Company’s loan review process. Changes in the criteria used in this evaluation or the availability of new information could cause the ALLL to be increased or decreased in future periods. In addition, bank regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, may require adjustments to the ALLL based on their judgments and estimates.

In addition to the qualitative factors identified above, the Bank applies a qualitative adjustment to each Watch and Substandard risk-rated portfolio segment.

The following tables set forth the risk category of loans by class of receivable and credit quality indicator based on the most recent analysis performed, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



(in thousands)	Pass		Special Mention/ Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
June 30, 2019
Agricultural	$	126,671	$	15,796	$	9,997	$	27	$	—	$	152,491
Commercial and industrial	821,884		20,789		23,303		2		45		866,023
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	270,581		1,027		1,541		—		—		273,149
Farmland	147,739		24,049		15,605		—		—		187,393
Multifamily	233,430		9,341		1,157		—		—		243,928
Commercial real estate-other	1,049,583		45,261		19,195		—		—		1,114,039
Total commercial real estate	1,701,333		79,678		37,498		—		—		1,818,509
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	412,477		4,148		6,744		256		—		423,625
One- to four- family junior liens	174,836		456		1,272		121		—		176,685
Total residential real estate	587,313		4,604		8,016		377		—		600,310
Consumer	98,949		—		199		22		—		99,170
Total	$	3,336,150	$	120,867	$	79,013	$	428	$	45	$	3,536,503

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(in thousands)	Pass		Special Mention/ Watch		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
December 31, 2018
Agricultural	$	74,126	$	12,960	$	9,870	$	—	$	—	$	96,956
Commercial and industrial	499,042		13,583		20,559		4		—		533,188
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	215,625		1,069		923		—		—		217,617
Farmland	72,924		4,818		11,065		—		—		88,807
Multifamily	133,310		1,431		—		—		—		134,741
Commercial real estate-other	766,702		38,275		21,186		—		—		826,163
Total commercial real estate	1,188,561		45,593		33,174		—		—		1,267,328
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	335,233		2,080		4,256		261		—		341,830
One- to four- family junior liens	118,146		426		1,477		—		—		120,049
Total residential real estate	453,379		2,506		5,733		261		—		461,879
Consumer	39,357		22		24		25		—		39,428
Total	$	2,254,465	$	74,664	$	69,360	$	290	$	—	$	2,398,779

Included within the special mention/watch, substandard, and doubtful categories at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are PCI loans totaling $8.5 million and $8.9 million, respectively.

Below are descriptions of the risk classifications of our loan portfolio.

Special Mention/Watch - A special mention/watch asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention/watch assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Substandard - Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful - Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be effected in the future.

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The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of receivable, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	June 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Agricultural	$	2,915	$	3,435	$	—	$	1,999	$	2,511	$	—
Commercial and industrial	4,298		6,710		—		2,761		2,977		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		—		84		84		—
Farmland	3,996		4,011		—		110		110		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	1,123		1,130		—		1,533		2,046		—
Total commercial real estate	5,119		5,141		—		1,727		2,240		—
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	497		497		—		617		644		—
One- to four- family junior liens	75		75		—		292		293		—
Total residential real estate	572		572		—		909		937		—
Consumer	21		21		—		24		24		—
Total	$	12,925	$	15,879	$	—	$	7,420	$	8,689	$	—
With an allowance recorded:
Agricultural	$	2,562	$	2,584	$	788	$	2,091	$	2,097	$	322
Commercial and industrial	4,887		6,672		2,123		6,196		8,550		2,159
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	172		175		57		2,123		2,123		662
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	2,051		2,571		703		4,107		4,365		2,021
Total commercial real estate	2,223		2,746		760		6,230		6,488		2,683
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	522		525		238		851		851		120
One- to four- family junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total residential real estate	522		525		238		851		851		120
Consumer	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	10,194	$	12,527	$	3,909	$	15,368	$	17,986	$	5,284
Total:
Agricultural	$	5,477	$	6,019	$	788	$	4,090	$	4,608	$	322
Commercial and industrial	9,185		13,382		2,123		8,957		11,527		2,159
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		—		84		84		—
Farmland	4,168		4,186		57		2,233		2,233		662
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	3,174		3,701		703		5,640		6,411		2,021
Total commercial real estate	7,342		7,887		760		7,957		8,728		2,683
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	1,019		1,022		238		1,468		1,495		120
One- to four- family junior liens	75		75		—		292		293		—
Total residential real estate	1,094		1,097		238		1,760		1,788		120
Consumer	21		21		—		24		24		—
Total	$	23,119	$	28,406	$	3,909	$	22,788	$	26,675	$	5,284

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The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of receivable, during the stated periods:



	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
(in thousands)	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Agricultural	$	2,632	$	47	$	6,037	$	296	$	2,227	$	12	$	4,422	$	363
Commercial and industrial	4,347		—		3,954		98		4,610		—		3,465		144
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		84		—		—		—		84		—
Farmland	3,001		32		5,242		185		2,011		—		3,494		234
Multifamily	—		—		825		20		—		—		550		30
Commercial real estate-other	920		10		5,693		130		857		20		5,394		177
Total commercial real estate	3,921		42		11,844		335		2,868		20		9,522		441
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	497		—		2,438		20		332		—		1,757		11
One- to four- family junior liens	75		—		297		—		50		—		288		—
Total residential real estate	572		—		2,735		20		382		—		2,045		11
Consumer	21		—		—		—		14		—		—		—
Total	$	11,493	$	89	$	24,570	$	749	$	10,101	$	32	$	19,454	$	959
With an allowance recorded:
Agricultural	$	2,363	$	53	$	1,622	$	57	$	2,279	$	60	$	1,610	$	71
Commercial and industrial	4,271		—		7,797		53		4,042		—		7,457		37
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	86		5		2,107		26		57		5		1,405		54
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	2,044		10		4,360		—		1,931		12		4,586		—
Total commercial real estate	2,130		15		6,467		26		1,988		17		5,991		54
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	526		6		969		18		440		8		972		27
One- to four- family junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total residential real estate	526		6		969		18		440		8		972		27
Consumer	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	9,290	$	74	$	16,855	$	154	$	8,749	$	85	$	16,030	$	189
Total:
Agricultural	$	4,995	$	100	$	7,659	$	353	$	4,506	$	72	$	6,032	$	434
Commercial and industrial	8,618		—		11,751		151		8,652		—		10,922		181
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	—		—		84		—		—		—		84		—
Farmland	3,087		37		7,349		211		2,068		5		4,899		288
Multifamily	—		—		825		20		—		—		550		30
Commercial real estate-other	2,964		20		10,053		130		2,788		32		9,980		177
Total commercial real estate	6,051		57		18,311		361		4,856		37		15,513		495
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	1,023		6		3,407		38		772		8		2,729		38
One- to four- family junior liens	75		—		297		—		50		—		288		—
Total residential real estate	1,098		6		3,704		38		822		8		3,017		38
Consumer	21		—		—		—		14		—		—		—
Total	$	20,783	$	163	$	41,425	$	903	$	18,850	$	117	$	35,484	$	1,148

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The following table presents the contractual aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class of receivable at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



(in thousands)	30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Receivable
June 30, 2019
Agricultural	$	900	$	452	$	1,056	$	2,408	$	150,083	$	152,491
Commercial and industrial	2,905		2,636		4,235		9,776		856,247		866,023
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	6,848		—		230		7,078		266,071		273,149
Farmland	53		375		5,004		5,432		181,961		187,393
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		243,928		243,928
Commercial real estate-other	950		1,632		3,018		5,600		1,108,439		1,114,039
Total commercial real estate	7,851		2,007		8,252		18,110		1,800,399		1,818,509
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	2,859		1,193		1,935		5,987		417,638		423,625
One- to four- family junior liens	321		251		314		886		175,799		176,685
Total residential real estate	3,180		1,444		2,249		6,873		593,437		600,310
Consumer	143		39		142		324		98,846		99,170
Total	$	14,979	$	6,578	$	15,934	$	37,491	$	3,499,012	$	3,536,503

Included in the totals above are the following purchased credit impaired loans	$	—	$	557	$	145	$	702	$	15,701	$	16,403

December 31, 2018
Agricultural	$	97	$	130	$	248	$	475	$	96,481	$	96,956
Commercial and industrial	2,467		9		4,475		6,951		526,237		533,188
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	42		—		93		135		217,482		217,617
Farmland	44		—		529		573		88,234		88,807
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		134,741		134,741
Commercial real estate-other	436		2,655		1,327		4,418		821,745		826,163
Total commercial real estate	522		2,655		1,949		5,126		1,262,202		1,267,328
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	1,876		1,332		977		4,185		337,645		341,830
One- to four- family junior liens	406		114		474		994		119,055		120,049
Total residential real estate	2,282		1,446		1,451		5,179		456,700		461,879
Consumer	47		16		24		87		39,341		39,428
Total	$	5,415	$	4,256	$	8,147	$	17,818	$	2,380,961	$	2,398,779

Included in the totals above are the following purchased credit impaired loans	$	295	$	—	$	—	$	295	$	16,714	$	17,009

Non-accrual and Delinquent Loans

Loans are placed on non-accrual when (1) payment in full of principal and interest is no longer expected or (2) principal or interest has been in default for 90 days or more (unless the loan is both well secured with marketable collateral and in the process of collection). All loans rated doubtful or worse, and certain loans rated substandard, are placed on non-accrual.

A non-accrual loan may be restored to an accrual status when (1) all past due principal and interest has been paid (excluding renewals and modifications that involve the capitalizing of interest) or (2) the loan becomes well secured with marketable collateral and is in the process of collection. An established track record of performance is also considered when determining accrual status.

Delinquency status of a loan is determined by the number of days that have elapsed past the loan’s payment due date, using the following classification groupings: 30-59 days, 60-89 days and 90 days or more. Once a TDR has gone 90 days or more past due or is placed on nonaccrual status, it is included in the 90 days or more past due or nonaccrual totals.

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The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s recorded investment in loans on nonaccrual status and past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of receivable, excluding PCI loans, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Non-Accrual		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing		Non-Accrual		Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing
Agricultural	$	3,446	$	—	$	1,622	$	—
Commercial and industrial	12,129		—		9,218		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	230		—		99		—
Farmland	8,093		590		2,751		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	3,578		—		4,558		—
Total commercial real estate	11,901		590		7,408		—
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	2,816		319		1,049		341
One- to four- family junior liens	364		11		465		24
Total residential real estate	3,180		330		1,514		365
Consumer	219		27		162		—
Total	$	30,875	$	947	$	19,924	$	365

Not included in the loans above as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were PCI loans with an outstanding balance of $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company had no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers who have a nonperforming loan.

Purchased Loans

Purchased loans acquired in a business combination are recorded and initially measured at their estimated fair value as of the acquisition date. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value. An ALLL is not carried over. These purchased loans are segregated into two types: PCI loans and purchased non-credit impaired loans.


•	Purchased non-credit impaired loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-20 “Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs” as these loans do not have evidence of significant credit deterioration since origination and it is probable all contractually required payments will be received from the borrower.


•	PCI loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 “Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality” as they display significant credit deterioration since origination and it is probable, as of the acquisition date, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments from the borrower.

For purchased non-credit impaired loans the accretable discount is the discount applied to the expected cash flows of the portfolio to account for the differences between the interest rates at acquisition and rates currently expected on similar portfolios in the marketplace. As the accretable discount is accreted to interest income over the expected average life of the portfolio, the result will be interest income on loans at the estimated current market rate. We record a provision for the acquired portfolio as the loans acquired renew and the discount is accreted.

For PCI loans the difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected is referred to as the non-accretable difference. Further, any excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized into interest income over the expected remaining life of the loan if the timing and amount of the future cash flows are reasonably estimable.

The Company updates its cash flow projections for PCI loans on an annual basis. Any increases in expected cash flows after the acquisition date and subsequent re-measurement periods are recorded as interest income prospectively. Any decreases in expected cash flows after the acquisition date and subsequent re-measurement periods are recognized by recording a provision for loan losses.

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Changes in the accretable yield for loans acquired and accounted for under ASC 310-30 were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	3,672		$	4,027		$	3,840		$	4,304
Accretion	(288		)	(373		)	(456		)	(650		)
Balance at end of period	$	3,384		$	3,654		$	3,384		$	3,654

6. Derivatives, Hedging Activities and Balance Sheet Offsetting

The following table presents the total notional amounts and gross fair values of the Company’s derivatives as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The derivative asset and liability balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of master netting agreements, as included in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.



	As of June 30, 2019						As of December 31, 2018
			Fair Value						Fair Value
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps	$	16,938	$	—	$	1,019	$	8,927	$	—	$	223

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps	$	54,132	$	1,629	$	1,796	$	13,830	$	321	$	359
Risk participation agreements (RPAs)	14,912		26		138		10,112		—		85
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	$	69,044	$	1,655	$	1,934	$	23,942	$	321	$	444

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates. The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these instruments attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate, LIBOR. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the payment of fixed-rate amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in interest income.

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The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments on the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018:



	Location and Amount of Gain or Loss Recognized in Income on Fair Value Hedging Relationships
	For the Three Months Ended June 30,										For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018					2019					2018
(in thousands)	Interest Income (Expense)			Other Income		Interest Income (Expense)			Other Income		Interest Income (Expense)			Other Income		Interest Income (Expense)			Other Income
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income in which the effects of fair value hedges are recorded	$	—		$	—	$	(1	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	—

The effects of fair value hedging:
Gain (Loss) on fair value hedging relationships in subtopic 815-20:
Interest contracts:
Hedged items	491			—		135			—		795			—		135			—
Derivative designated as hedging instruments	(491		)	—		(136		)	—		(796		)	—		(136		)	—

As of June 30, 2019, the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges:



Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedged Item is Included	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets		Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Asset
(in thousands)
Loans	$	17,956	$	1,016

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Interest Rate Swaps -The Company enters into interest rate derivatives, including interest rate swaps with its customers, to allow them to hedge against the risk of rising interest rates by providing fixed rate loans. To economically hedge against the interest rate risks in the products offered to its customers, the Company enters into mirrored interest rate contracts with institutional counterparties, with one designated as a central counterparty. The following table represents the notional amounts and the gross fair values of interest rate derivative contracts outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.



	June 30, 2019
	Customer Counterparties						Financial Counterparties
			Fair Value						Fair Value
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities		Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities
Swaps	$	27,066	$	1,629	$	—	$	27,066	$	—	$	1,796

	December 31, 2018
	Customer Counterparties						Financial Counterparties
			Fair Value						Fair Value
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities		Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities
Swaps	$	6,915	$	321	$	—	$	6,915	$	—	$	359

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Credit Risk Participation Agreements -The Company may periodically enter into RPAs to manage the credit exposure on interest rate contracts associated with a syndicated loan. The Company may enter into protection purchased RPAs with institutional counterparties to decrease or increase its exposure to a borrower. Under the RPA, the Company will receive or make payment if a borrower defaults on the related interest rate contract. The Company manages its credit risk on RPAs by monitoring the creditworthiness of the borrowers and institutional counterparties, which is based on the normal credit review process. The notional amount of the RPAs reflects the Company’s pro-rata share of the derivative instrument. The following table represents the notional amounts and the gross fair values of RPAs purchased and sold outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.



	June 30, 2019						December 31, 2018
			Fair Value						Fair Value
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities		Notional Amount		Assets		Liabilities
RPAs - protection sold	$	4,814	$	26	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
RPAs - protection purchased	10,097		—		138		10,112		—		85
Total RPAs	$	14,911	$	26	$	138	$	10,112	$	—	$	85

The following table presents the net gains (losses) recognized on the consolidated statements of income related to the derivatives not designated as hedging instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018:



	Location in the Consolidated Statements of Income	For the Three Months Ended June 30,						For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	Location in the Consolidated Statements of Income	2019			2018			2019			2018
Interest rate swaps	Other income	$	(108	)	$	(19	)	$	(130	)	$	(19	)
RPAs	Other income	(107		)	—			(124		)	—
Total		$	(215	)	$	(19	)	$	(254	)	$	(19	)

Offsetting of Derivatives

The table below presents a gross presentation, the effects of offsetting, and a net presentation of the Company’s derivatives as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The net amounts of derivative assets or liabilities can be reconciled to the tabular disclosure of fair value. The tabular disclosure of fair value provides the location that derivative assets and liabilities are presented on the consolidated balance sheets.



									Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet
(in thousands)	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities)			Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) presented in the Balance Sheet			Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Pledged			Net Assets (Liabilities)
As of June 30, 2019
Asset Derivatives	$	1,655		$	—	$	1,655		$	—	$	—		$	1,655

Liability Derivatives	(2,953		)	—		(2,953		)	—		(2,930		)	(23		)


As of December 31, 2018
Asset Derivatives	$	321		$	—	$	321		$	—	$	—		$	321

Liability Derivatives	(667		)	—		(667		)	—		(530		)	(137		)

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

The Company has an unsecured federal funds line with its institutional derivative counterparty. The Company has an agreement with its institutional derivative counterparty that contains a provision under which if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company also has an agreement with its derivative counterparty that contains a provision under which the Company could be declared in

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default on its derivative obligations if repayment of the underlying indebtedness is accelerated by the lender due to the Company’s default on the indebtedness.

As of June 30, 2019, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk, related to these agreements was $3.0 million. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had minimum collateral posting thresholds with certain of its derivative counterparties, and has posted $2.9 million of collateral related to these agreements. If the Company had breached any of these provisions at June 30, 2019, it could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at their termination value of $3.0 million.

The following table presents the class of collateral pledged for repurchase agreements as well as the remaining contractual maturity of the repurchase agreements:



	Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
June 30, 2019	Overnight and Continuous		Up to 30 Days		30 - 90 Days		Greater than 90 Days		Total
	(in thousands)
Class of collateral pledged for repurchase agreements:
U.S. government agency and government-sponsored enterprise MBS and CMO	$	115,702	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	115,702

Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements									$	115,702
Amounts related to agreements not included in offsetting disclosure									$	—

The collateral utilized for the Company’s repurchase agreements is subject to market fluctuations as well as prepayment of principal. The Company monitors the risk of the fair value of its pledged collateral falling below acceptable amounts based on the type of the underlying repurchase agreement. The pledged collateral related to the Company’s $115.7 million sweep repurchase agreements, which mature on an overnight basis, is monitored on a daily basis as the underlying sweep accounts can have frequent transaction activity and the amount of pledged collateral is adjusted as necessary.

7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including core deposit, trade name, and client relationship intangibles, consists of goodwill. Under ASC Topic 350, goodwill and the indefinite-lived trade name intangible are subject to at least annual assessments for impairment by applying a fair value based test. The Company reviews goodwill and indefinite-lived trade name intangible at the reporting unit level to determine potential impairment annually on October 1, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, by comparing the carrying value of the reporting unit with the fair value of the reporting unit. No impairment was recorded on either the goodwill or the trade name intangible assets during the six months ended June 30, 2019. The carrying amount of goodwill was $93.4 million at June 30, 2019 and $64.7 million at December 31, 2018. The increase of $28.7 million in goodwill was due to the ATBancorp merger. The company also recognized a core deposit intangible from the ATBancorp merger in the amount of $28.2 million and with a 10-year life.

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The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of intangibles (excluding goodwill), gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net book value as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019:



(in thousands)	Insurance Agency Intangible			Core Deposit Intangible			Indefinite-Lived Trade Name Intangible		Finite-Lived Trade Name Intangible			Customer List Intangible			Total
June 30, 2019
Balance, beginning of period	$	110		$	1,973		$	7,040	$	556		$	196		$	9,875
Established through acquisition	—			28,230			—		—			—			28,230
Disposals	(99		)	—			—		—			—			(99		)
Current period amortization	(11		)	(1,266		)	—		(84		)	(21		)	(1,382		)
Balance at end of period	$	—		$	28,937		$	7,040	$	472		$	175		$	36,624

Gross carrying amount	$	1,320		$	46,436		$	7,040	$	1,380		$	455		$	56,631
Accumulated amortization	(1,320		)	(17,499		)	—		(908		)	(280		)	(20,007		)
Balance at end of period	$	—		$	28,937		$	7,040	$	472		$	175		$	36,624
Remaining weighted average useful life (years)				10					5			4

The following table provides the estimated future amortization expense of the core deposit intangible acquired in the ATBancorp acquisition for the remaining six months ending December 31, 2019 and the succeeding four years:



	(in thousands)	Amount
	Year ending December 31,
	2019	1,568
	2020	3,167
	2021	3,167
	2022	3,167
	2023	3,167

8. Other Assets

The components of the Company’s other assets were as follows:



(in thousands)	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Bank-owned life insurance	$	80,610	$	60,989
FHLB stock	16,379		14,678
Mortgage servicing rights	7,412		2,803
Federal & state taxes, deferred	5,751		8,273
Operating leases right-of-use asset	4,217		—
Equity securities	2,851		2,737
Assets held for sale	539		—
Federal & state taxes, current	—		2,361
Accounts receivable & other miscellaneous assets	30,285		23,261
	$	148,044	$	115,102

At June 30, 2019, the Company transferred a former Minnesota bank branch facility to assets held for sale. The value shown above reflects the building’s fair value less estimated selling costs.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, BOLI increased due to the acquisition of ATBancorp by the Company. BOLI is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract, which is the cash surrender value.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company owned $0.4 million of equity investments in banks and financial service-related companies, and $2.5 million of mutual funds invested in debt securities and other debt instruments that will cause units of the fund to be deemed to be qualified under the CRA. Both realized and unrealized net gains and losses on equity investments are required to be recognized in the statements of income. A breakdown between net realized and unrealized

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gains and losses is provided below. These net changes are included in the other line item in the noninterest income section of the consolidated statements of income.

The following table presents the net gains and losses on equity investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, disaggregated into realized and unrealized gains and losses:



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net gains (losses) recognized	$	55	$	(7	)	$	82	$	(23	)
Less: Net gains (losses) recognized due to sales	—		—			—		—
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities still held at the reporting date	$	55	$	(7	)	$	82	$	(23	)

The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines as well as the FHLB of Chicago, and ownership of FHLB stock is a requirement for such membership. The amount of FHLB stock the Bank is required to hold is directly related to the amount of FHLB advances borrowed. Because this security is not readily marketable and there are no available market values, this security is carried at cost and evaluated for potential impairment each quarter. Redemption of this investment is at the option of the FHLB.

Mortgage servicing rights are recorded at fair value based on assumptions through a third-party valuation service. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the servicing cost per loan, the discount rate, the escrow float rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses.

The Company has several lease agreements, such as for branch locations, which are considered operating leases and, upon the adoption of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2019, are now recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability.

9. Deposits

The composition of the Company’s deposits as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	647,078	$	439,133
Interest checking deposits	762,530		683,894
Money market deposits	1,019,886		555,839
Savings deposits	356,328		210,416
Certificates of deposit under $250,000	678,752		532,395
Certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more	260,898		191,252
Total deposits	$	3,725,472	$	2,612,929

The Company had $7.3 million and $8.6 million in brokered time deposits through the CDARS program as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Included in money market deposits at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $20.7 million and $23.7 million, respectively, of brokered deposits in the ICS program. The CDARS and ICS programs coordinate, on a reciprocal basis, a network of banks to spread deposits exceeding the FDIC insurance coverage limits out to numerous institutions in order to provide insurance coverage for all participating deposits.

10. Short-term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings were as follows as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Weighted Average Cost		Balance		Weighted Average Cost		Balance
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	1.39	%	$	115,702	1.00	%	$	74,522
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	2.38		37,700		2.60		56,900
Federal funds purchased	3.10		427		—		—
Total	1.64	%	$	153,829	1.69	%	$	131,422

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Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are agreements in which the Company acquires funds by selling assets to another party under a simultaneous agreement to repurchase the same assets at a specified price and date. The Company enters into repurchase agreements and also offers a demand deposit account product to customers that sweeps their balances in excess of an agreed upon target amount into overnight repurchase agreements. All securities sold under agreements to repurchase are recorded on the face of the balance sheet.

The Bank has a secured line of credit with the FHLB. Advances from the FHLB are collateralized primarily by one- to four-family residential, commercial and agricultural real estate first mortgages equal to various percentages of the total outstanding notes. See Note 5. “Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Loan Losses” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

The Bank has unsecured federal funds lines totaling $150.0 million which involve multiple correspondent relationships. As of June 30, 2019, the balance outstanding was a $0.4 million overnight advance. As of December 31, 2018, there were no overnight advances.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no borrowings through the Federal Reserve Discount Window, while the borrowing capacity was $11.7 million as of June 30, 2019 and $11.4 million as of December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Bank had municipal securities pledged with a market value of $13.0 million and $12.7 million, respectively, to the Federal Reserve to secure potential borrowings.

On April 30, 2015, the Company entered into a $5.0 million unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank. Interest is payable at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus 2.00%. This line was renewed in May 2018, and matured on April 30, 2019, at which time it was not renewed. The Company had no balance outstanding under this agreement as of June 30, 2019.

On May 1, 2019, the Company entered into a $10.0 million unsecured line of credit with a correspondent bank, which supersedes the previous line of credit. Interest is payable at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%. The line expires on April 30, 2020. The Company had no balance outstanding under this agreement as of June 30, 2019.

11. Subordinated Debt

The Company has established five statutory business trusts under the laws of the state of Delaware: ATBancorp Statutory Trust I, ATBancorp Statutory Trust II, Central Bancshares Capital Trust II, Barron Investment Capital Trust I, and MidWestOne Statutory Trust II. The trusts exist for the exclusive purposes of (i) issuing trust securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the respective trust; (ii) investing the gross proceeds of the trust securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (junior subordinated notes issued by the Company); and (iii) engaging in only those activities necessary or incidental thereto. For regulatory capital purposes, these trust securities qualify as a component of Tier 1 capital. All distributions are cumulative and paid in cash quarterly.

The table below summarizes the outstanding junior subordinated notes and the related trust preferred securities issued by each trust as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	Face Value		Book Value		Interest Rate	Interest Rate at		Maturity Date	Callable Date
(in thousands)	Face Value		Book Value		Interest Rate	6/30/2019		Maturity Date	Callable Date
June 30, 2019
ATBancorp Statutory Trust I⁽¹⁾	$	7,732	$	6,803	Three-month LIBOR + 1.68%	4.09	%	06/15/2036	06/15/2011
ATBancorp Statutory Trust II⁽¹⁾	12,372		10,778		Three-month LIBOR + 1.65%	4.06	%	06/15/2037	06/15/2012
Central Bancshares Capital Trust II	7,217		6,756		Three-month LIBOR + 3.50%	5.91	%	03/15/2038	03/15/2013
Barron Investment Capital Trust I	2,062		1,713		Three-month LIBOR + 2.15%	4.49	%	09/23/2036	09/23/2011
MidWestOne Statutory Trust II	15,464		15,464		Three-month LIBOR + 1.59%	4.00	%	12/15/2037	12/15/2012
Total	$	44,847	$	41,514

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	Face Value		Book Value		Interest Rate	Interest Rate at		Maturity Date	Callable Date
(in thousands)	Face Value		Book Value		Interest Rate	12/31/2018		Maturity Date	Callable Date
December 31, 2018
Central Bancshares Capital Trust II	$	7,217	$	6,730	Three-month LIBOR + 3.50%	6.29	%	03/15/2038	03/15/2013
Barron Investment Capital Trust I	2,062		1,694		Three-month LIBOR + 2.15%	4.97	%	09/23/2036	09/23/2011
MidWestOne Statutory Trust II	15,464		15,464		Three-month LIBOR + 1.59%	4.38	%	12/15/2037	12/15/2012
Total	$	24,743	$	23,888

(1) ATBancorp Statutory Trust I and ATBancorp Statutory Trust II were established by ATBancorp prior to the Company’s merger with ATBancorp, and the junior subordinated notes issued by ATBancorp were assumed by the Company.

The trust preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the junior subordinated notes at the stated maturity date or upon redemption of the junior subordinated notes. Each trust’s ability to pay amounts due on the trust preferred securities is solely dependent upon the Company making payments on the related junior subordinated notes. The Company’s obligation under the junior subordinated notes and other relevant trust agreements, in the aggregate, constitutes a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of each trust’s obligations under the trust preferred securities issued by each trust. The Company has the right to defer payment of interest on the junior subordinated notes and, therefore, distributions on the trust preferred securities, for up to five years, but not beyond the stated maturity date in the table above. During any such deferral period the Company may not pay cash dividends on its stock and generally may not repurchase its stock.

On May 1, 2019, with the acquisition of ATBancorp, the Company assumed $10.8 million of subordinated debentures. These debentures have a stated maturity of May 31, 2023, and bear interest at a fixed annual rate of 6.50%, with interest payable semi-annually on May 15th and September 15th. The Company has the option to redeem the debentures, in whole or part, at any time on or after May 31, 2021. The debentures constitute Tier 2 capital under the rules and regulations of the Federal Reserve applicable to the capital status of the subordinated debt of bank holding companies. Beginning on the fifth anniversary preceding the maturity date of each Debenture, we are required to begin amortizing the amount of the debentures that may be treated as Tier 2 capital. Specifically, we will lose Tier 2 treatment for 20% of the amount of the debentures in each of the final five years preceding maturity, such that during the final year, we will not be permitted to treat any portion of the Debentures as Tier 2 capital. At June 30, 2019, we were permitted to treat 60% of the debentures as Tier 2 capital.

12. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt was as follows as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Weighted Average Cost		Balance		Weighted Average Cost		Balance
Finance lease payable	8.89	%	$	1,283	8.89	%	$	1,338
FHLB term borrowings	2.45		160,755		2.45		136,000
Other long-term debt	4.15		38,250		4.13		7,500
Total	2.82	%	$	200,288	2.60	%	$	144,838

The Company has one existing finance lease (previously referred to as a capital lease) for a branch location, with a present value liability balance of $1.3 million as of June 30, 2019. See Note 19. “Leases” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our finance lease obligation.

The Company utilizes FHLB borrowings as a supplement to customer deposits to fund interest-earning assets and to assist in managing interest rate risk. As a member of the FHLB of Des Moines, the Bank may borrow funds from the FHLB in amounts up to 35% of the Bank’s total assets, provided the Bank is able to pledge an adequate amount of qualified assets to secure the borrowings. Advances from the FHLB are collateralized primarily by one- to four-family residential, commercial and agricultural real estate first mortgages equal to various percentages of the total outstanding notes. See Note 5. “Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Loan Losses” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

On April 30, 2015, the Company entered into a $35.0 million unsecured note payable with a correspondent bank with a maturity date of June 30, 2020. The Company drew $25.0 million on the note prior to June 30, 2015, at which time the

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ability to obtain additional advances ceased. Payments of principal and interest are payable quarterly, which began on September 30, 2015. As of June 30, 2019, $5.0 million of that note was outstanding.

On April 30, 2019, the Company entered into a $35.0 million unsecured note payable with a correspondent bank with a maturity date of April 30, 2024. Payments of principal and interest are payable quarterly, which began on June 30, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, $34.1 million of that note was outstanding.

13. Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 varied from the amount computed by applying the maximum effective federal income tax rate of 21%, to the income before income taxes, because of the following items:



	For the Three Months Ended June 30,										For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019					2018					2019					2018
(in thousands)	Amount			% of Pretax Income		Amount			% of Pretax Income		Amount			% of Pretax Income		Amount			% of Pretax Income
Income tax based on statutory rate	$	2,917		21.0	%	$	2,160		21.0	%	$	4,844		21.0	%	$	4,213		21.0	%
Tax-exempt interest	(472		)	(3.4	)	(501		)	(4.9	)	(940		)	(4.1	)	(991		)	(4.9	)
Bank-owned life insurance	(99		)	(0.7	)	(82		)	(0.8	)	(181		)	(0.8	)	(173		)	(0.9	)
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	744			5.4		566			5.5		1,231			5.3		1,095			5.5
Non-deductible acquisition expenses	136			1.0		—			—		162			0.7		—			—
General business credits	(14		)	(0.1	)	7			0.1		(28		)	(0.1	)	(40		)	(0.2	)
Other	6			—		(19		)	(0.2	)	20			0.1		11			—
Total income tax expense	$	3,218		23.2	%	$	2,131		20.7	%	$	5,108		22.1	%	$	4,115		20.5	%

14. Earnings per Share

Basic per share amounts are computed by dividing net income (the numerator) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the denominator). Diluted per share amounts assume issuance of all common stock issuable upon conversion or exercise of other securities, unless the effect is to reduce the loss or increase the income per common share from continuing operations.

The following table presents the computation of earnings per common share for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Basic earnings per common share computation
Numerator:
Net income	$	10,674	$	8,156	$	17,959	$	15,949
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding	14,893,854		12,218,240		13,536,646		12,220,453
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.72	$	0.67	$	1.33	$	1.31

Diluted earnings per common share computation
Numerator:
Net income	$	10,674	$	8,156	$	17,959	$	15,949
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding, including all dilutive potential shares	14,900,057		12,229,940		13,545,290		12,235,405
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.72	$	0.67	$	1.33	$	1.30

15. Regulatory Capital Requirements and Restrictions on Subsidiary Cash

The Company (on a consolidated basis) and the Bank are subject to the Basel III Rules and the Dodd-Frank Act. The Basel III Rules are applicable to all banking organizations that are subject to minimum capital requirements, including federal and state banks and savings and loan associations, as well as to bank and savings and loan holding companies,

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other than “small bank holding companies” (generally bank holding companies with consolidated assets of less than $3 billion which are not publicly traded companies). As of June 30, 2019 the Bank was “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action then in effect. There are no conditions or events since this date that management believes have changed the Bank’s category. In order to be a “well-capitalized” depository institution, a bank must maintain a Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.5% or more; a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8% or more; a Total capital ratio of 10% or more; and a leverage ratio of 5% or more. A capital conservation buffer, comprised of Common Equity Tier 1 capital, is also established above the regulatory minimum capital requirements. This capital conservation buffer was fully phased in at 2.5% on January 1, 2019. At June 30, 2019, the Company’s institution-specific capital conservation buffer necessary to avoid limitations on distributions and discretionary bonus payments was 2.60%, while the Bank’s was 2.84%.



	Actual				For Capital Adequacy Purposes With Capital Conservation Buffer⁽¹⁾				To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
(dollars in thousands)	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
At June 30, 2019
Consolidated:
Total capital/risk based assets	$	441,158	10.60	%	$	436,822	10.500	%	N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital/risk based assets	405,966		9.76		353,618		8.500		N/A		N/A
Common equity tier 1 capital/risk based assets	364,451		8.76		291,215		7.000		N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital/adjusted average assets	405,966		8.98		180,846		4.000		N/A		N/A
MidWestOne Bank:
Total capital/risk based assets	$	449,975	10.84	%	$	435,946	10.500	%	$	415,187	10.00	%
Tier 1 capital/risk based assets	421,284		10.15		352,909		8.500		332,150		8.00
Common equity tier 1 capital/risk based assets	421,284		10.15		290,631		7.000		269,871		6.50
Tier 1 capital/adjusted average assets	421,284		9.34		180,468		4.000		225,585		5.00
At December 31, 2018
Consolidated:
Total capital/risk based assets	$	342,054	12.23	%	$	276,283	9.875	%	N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital/risk based assets	312,747		11.18		220,327		7.875		N/A		N/A
Common equity tier 1 capital/risk based assets	288,859		10.32		178,360		6.375		N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital/adjusted average assets	312,747		9.73		128,531		4.000		N/A		N/A
MidWestOne Bank:
Total capital/risk based assets	$	333,074	11.94	%	$	275,468	9.875	%	$	278,955	10.00	%
Tier 1 capital/risk based assets	303,767		10.89		219,677		7.875		223,164		8.00
Common equity tier 1 capital/risk based assets	303,767		10.89		177,833		6.375		181,320		6.50
Tier 1 capital/adjusted average assets	303,767		9.47		128,259		4.000		160,324		5.00

(1) The ratios for December 31, 2018 include a capital conservation buffer of 1.875%, and the ratios for June 30, 2019 include a capital conservation buffer of 2.5%.

The ability of the Company to pay dividends to its shareholders is dependent upon dividends paid by the Bank to the Company. The Bank is subject to certain statutory and regulatory restrictions on the amount of dividends it may pay. In addition, the Bank’s board of directors has adopted a capital policy requiring it to maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets of at least 8% and a ratio of total capital to risk-based capital of at least 10%. Failure to maintain these ratios also could limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Company.

The Bank is required to maintain reserve balances in cash on hand or on deposit with Federal Reserve Banks. Reserve balances totaled $1.9 million and $14.9 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

16. Commitments and Contingencies

Financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk: The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commitments to sell loans, and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheets.

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The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. A summary of the Bank’s commitments at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, is as follows:



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
Commitments to extend credit	$	590,923	$	521,270
Commitments to sell loans	4,306		666
Standby letters of credit	14,432		16,709
Total	$	609,661	$	538,645

The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the party. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, crops, livestock, inventory, property and equipment, residential real estate and income-producing commercial properties.

Commitments to sell loans are agreements to sell loans held for sale to third parties at an agreed upon price.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements and, generally, have terms of one year or less. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank holds collateral, which may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, equipment and income-producing properties, that support those commitments, if deemed necessary. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Bank would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Bank could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount shown in the summary above. If the commitment is funded, the Bank would be entitled to seek recovery from the customer.

Contingencies: In the normal course of business, the Bank is involved in various legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, any liability resulting from such proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Concentrations of credit risk: Substantially all of the Bank’s loans, commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit have been granted to customers in the Bank’s market areas. Although the loan portfolio of the Bank is diversified, approximately 68% of the loans are real estate loans and approximately 10% are agriculturally related. The concentrations of credit by type of loan are set forth in Note 5. “Loans Receivable and the Allowance for Loan Losses”. Commitments to extend credit are primarily related to commercial loans and home equity loans. Standby letters of credit were granted primarily to commercial borrowers. Investments in securities issued by state and political subdivisions involve certain governmental entities within Iowa and Minnesota. The carrying value of investment securities of Iowa and Minnesota political subdivisions totaled $127.2 million and $46.4 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2019. The amount of investment securities issued by any one individual municipality did not exceed $5.0 million.

17. Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal (or most advantageous) market for the asset or liability that have all of the following characteristics: 1) an unrelated party; 2) knowledgeable (having a reasonable understanding about the asset or liability and the transaction based on all available information; including information that might be obtained through due diligence efforts that are usual or customary); 3) able to transact; and 4) willing to transact (motivated but not forced or otherwise compelled to do so).

The FASB states “valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available shall be used to measure fair value.” The valuation techniques for measuring fair value are consistent with the three traditional approaches to value: the market approach, the income approach, and the cost or asset approach.

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In applying valuation techniques, the use of relevant inputs (both observable and unobservable) based on the facts and circumstances must be used. The FASB has defined a fair value hierarchy for these inputs which prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels:


•	Level 1 Inputs – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and is used to measure fair value whenever available. A contractually binding sales price also provides reliable evidence of fair value.


•	Level 2 Inputs – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or utilize model-based techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.


•	Level 3 Inputs – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement, utilize model-based techniques for which significant assumptions are not observable in the market, or require significant management judgment or estimation, some of which may be internally developed.

For information regarding the valuation methodologies used to measure our assets recorded at fair value (under ASC Topic 820), and for estimating fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value (under ASC Topic 825, as amended by ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03), see Note 1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 20. Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements, to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Company uses fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities on a recurring basis, primarily securities available for sale and derivatives. For assets measured at the lower of cost or fair value, the fair value measurement criteria may or may not be met during a reporting period and such measurements are therefore considered “nonrecurring” for purposes of disclosing our fair value measurements. Fair value is used on a nonrecurring basis to adjust carrying values for impaired loans and other real estate owned.

The following tables present information on the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:



	Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2019
(in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Available for sale debt securities:
U.S. Government agencies and corporations	$	479	$	—	$	479	$	—
State and political subdivisions	101,384		—		101,384		—
Mortgage-backed securities	25,045		—		25,045		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	192,125		—		192,125		—
Corporate debt securities	141,269		—		141,269		—
Total available for sale debt securities	$	460,302	$	—	$	460,302	$	—
Equity securities	2,851		2,851		—		—
Interest rate swaps	1,629		—		1,629		—
RPAs	26		—		26		—
Total derivative assets	$	1,655	$	—	$	1,655	$	—

Liabilities:
Derivatives:
Interest rate swaps	$	2,815	$	—	$	2,815	$	—
RPAs	138		—		138		—
Total derivative liabilities	$	2,953	$	—	$	2,953	$	—

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	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Debt securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies and corporations	$	5,495	$	—	$	5,495	$	—
State and political subdivisions	121,901		—		121,901		—
Mortgage-backed securities	50,653		—		50,653		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	169,928		—		169,928		—
Corporate debt securities	66,124		—		66,124		—
Total debt securities available for sale	$	414,101	$	—	$	414,101	$	—
Equity securities	2,737		2,737		—		—
Interest rate swaps	321		—		321		—

Liabilities:
Derivatives:
Interest rate swaps	$	582	$	—	$	582	$	—
RPAs	85		—		85		—
Total derivative liabilities	$	667	$	—	$	667	$	—

There were no transfers of assets between Level 3 and other levels of the fair value hierarchy during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 or the year ended December 31, 2018.

Changes in the fair value of AFS debt securities are included in other comprehensive income, and changes in the fair value of equity securities are included in noninterest income.

The following tables present assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of the dates indicated:



	Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2019
(in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans, net of related allowance	$	6,285	$	—	$	—	$	6,285
Foreclosed assets, net	$	4,922	$	—	$	—	$	4,922



	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans, net of related allowance	$	10,084	$	—	$	—	$	10,084
Foreclosed assets, net	$	535	$	—	$	—	$	535

The following table presents the valuation technique and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value as of the date indicated:

June 30, 2019

(dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

Valuation Techniques(s)

Unobservable Input

Range of Inputs

Weighted Average

Impaired loans, net of related allowance

6,285

Third party appraisal

Appraisal discount

NM *

Foreclosed assets, net

4,922

Third party appraisal

Appraisal discount

NM *

* Not Meaningful. Third party appraisals are obtained as to the value of the underlying asset, but disclosure of this information would not provide meaningful information, as the range will vary widely from loan to loan. Types of discounts considered include age of the appraisal, local market conditions, current condition of the property, and estimated sales costs. These discounts will also vary from loan to loan, thus providing a range would not be meaningful.

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The following tables summarize the carrying amount and estimated fair value of selected financial instruments as of the dated indicated:



	June 30, 2019
(in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	120,509	$	120,509	$	120,509	$	—	$	—
Equity securities	2,851		2,851		2,851		—		—
Debt securities available for sale	460,302		460,302		—		460,302		—
Debt securities held to maturity	193,173		195,516		—		195,516		—
Loans held for sale	4,306		4,393		—		4,393		—
Loans held for investment, net	3,507,812		3,512,372		—		—		3,512,372
Interest and dividends receivable	19,042		19,042		19,042		—		—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	16,379		16,379		—		16,379		—
Derivative assets	1,655		1,655		—		1,655		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest bearing deposits	647,078		647,078		647,078		—		—
Interest bearing deposits	3,078,394		3,077,053		2,138,744		938,309		—
Short-term borrowings	153,829		153,829		153,829		—		—
Finance lease liability	1,283		1,283		—		1,283		—
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	160,755		161,904		—		161,904		—
Junior subordinated notes issued to capital trusts	41,514		39,576		—		39,576		—
Subordinated debentures	10,871		10,871		—		10,871		—
Other long-term debt	38,250		38,250		—		38,250		—
Derivative liabilities	2,953		2,953		—		2,953		—



	December 31, 2018
(in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	45,480	$	45,480	$	45,480	$	—	$	—
Equity securities	2,737		2,737		2,737		—		—
Debt securities available for sale	414,101		414,101		—		414,101		—
Debt securities held to maturity	195,822		192,564		—		192,564		—
Loans held for sale	666		678		—		678		—
Loans held for investment, net	2,369,472		2,343,654		—		—		2,343,654
Interest and dividends receivable	14,736		14,736		14,736		—		—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	14,678		14,678		—		14,678		—
Derivative assets	321		321		—		321		—
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest bearing deposits	439,133		439,133		439,133		—		—
Interest bearing deposits	2,173,796		2,166,518		1,450,149		716,369		—
Short-term borrowings	131,422		131,422		131,422		—		—
Capital lease liability	1,338		1,338		—		1,338		—
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	136,000		134,995		—		134,995		—
Junior subordinated notes issued to capital trusts	23,888		21,215		—		21,215		—
Other long-term debt	7,500		7,500		—		7,500		—
Derivative liabilities	667		667		—		667		—

18. Revenue Recognition

Trust and Asset Management

Trust and asset management income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied over time, and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the month-end market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and asset management customers. The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.

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Service Charges on Deposit Accounts

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of account analysis fees (i.e., net fees earned on analyzed business and public checking accounts), monthly service fees, check orders, and other deposit account related fees. The Company’s performance obligation for account analysis fees and monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Fees, Exchange, and Other Service Charges

Fees, exchange, and other service charges are primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees, merchant services income, and other service charges. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Visa. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder uses a non-Company ATM or a non-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.

Gains/Losses on Sales of Foreclosed Assets

Gain or loss from the sale of foreclosed assets occurs when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When the Company finances the sale of foreclosed assets to the buyer, the Company assesses whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the foreclosed assets are derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, the Company adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present. Foreclosed asset sales for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 were not financed by the Bank.

Other

Other noninterest income consists of other recurring revenue streams such as safe deposit box rental fees, and other miscellaneous revenue streams. Safe deposit box rental fees are charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment. The Company determined that since rentals and renewals occur fairly consistently over time, revenue is recognized on a basis consistent with the duration of the performance obligation.

Contract Balances

A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract asset). A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company’s noninterest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standard month-end revenue accruals such as asset management fees based on month-end market values. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs

In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, an entity is required to capitalize, and subsequently amortize into expense, certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if these costs are expected to be recovered. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained (for example, sales commission). The Company utilizes the practical expedient which allows entities to immediately expense contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less. Upon adoption of Topic 606, the Company did not capitalize any contract acquisition cost.

19. Leases

A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases” (Topic 842) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. For the Company, Topic 842 primarily

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affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Company is the lessee. As stated in Note 2. “Effect of New Financial Accounting Standards,” the implementation of the new standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company adopted the new standard utilizing the cumulative effect approach, and also elected certain relief options offered in ASU 2016-02 including the package of practical expedients, the option not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead to account for them as a single lease component, and the option not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities that arise from short-term leases (i.e., leases with terms of twelve months or less). The Company elected the hindsight practical expedient, which allows entities to use hindsight when determining lease term and impairment of ROU assets. The Company has several lease agreements for branch locations, which are considered operating leases, and are now recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Lessee Accounting

Substantially all of the leases in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of real estate property for branches and office space with terms extending through 2025. We do not have any subleased properties. Substantially all of our leases are classified as operating leases, and therefore, were previously not recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. With the adoption of Topic 842, operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the consolidated statements of condition as a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, the Company recognized a ROU asset on its balance sheet in the amount of $2.9 million, and a corresponding operating lease liability of $2.9 million. The Company has one existing finance lease (previously referred to as a capital lease) for a branch location with a lease term through 2025. As this lease was previously required to be recorded on the Company’s consolidated statements of condition, Topic 842 did not materially impact the accounting for this lease.

On May 1, 2019 the Company completed its merger with ATBancorp. In connection with the transaction, the Company obtained lease right-of-use assets totaling $1.6 million, which are included in the following disclosures.

The following table represents the consolidated statements of condition classification of the Company’s ROU assets and lease liabilities. The Company elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial terms of twelve months or less) on the consolidated statements of condition.



(in thousands)		June 30, 2019
Lease Right-of-Use Assets	Classification
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other assets	$	4,217
Finance lease right-of-use asset	Premises and equipment, net	685
Total right-of-use assets		$	4,902

Lease Liabilities
Operating lease liability	Other liabilities	$	4,249
Finance lease liability	Long-term debt	1,283
Total lease liabilities		$	5,532

The calculated amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities in the table above are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company’s discretion. If at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Regarding the discount rate, Topic 842 requires the use of the rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term. For operating leases existing prior to January 1, 2019, the rate for the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019 was used. For the Company’s only finance lease, the Company utilized the rate implicit in the lease.

The following table presents the weighted-average remaining term and weighted-average discount rate for both operating and finance leases as of June 30, 2019:



	June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases	5.18 years
Finance lease	7.58 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases	2.84	%
Finance lease	8.89	%

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The following table represents lease costs and other lease information. As the Company elected, for all classes of underlying assets, not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead to account for them as a single lease component, the variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance and utilities.



	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30,		June 30,
(in thousands)	2019		2019
Lease Costs
Operating lease cost	$	257	$	450
Variable lease cost	13		40
Short-term lease cost	—		—
Finance lease cost
Interest on lease liabilities ⁽¹⁾	28		57
Amortization of right-of-use assets	24		48
Net lease cost	$	322	$	595

Other Information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	455	$	838
Operating cash flows from finance lease	41		83
Finance cash flows from finance lease	28		55

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	1,599		1,599
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities	—		—

(1) Included in long-term debt interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. All other lease costs in this table are included in occupancy expense of premises, net.

Future minimum payments for finance leases and operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of June 30, 2019 were as follows:



(in thousands)	Finance Leases		Operating Leases
Twelve Months Ended:
June 30, 2020	$	228	$	1,035
June 30, 2021	232		924
June 30, 2022	237		843
June 30, 2023	242		735
June 30, 2024	247		699
Thereafter	573		421
Total future minimum lease payments	$	1,759	$	4,657

Lease liability	1,283		4,249
Amounts representing interest	$	476	$	408

20. Operating Segments

The Company’s activities are considered to be one reportable segment. The Company is engaged in the business of commercial and retail banking, and investment management with operations throughout central and eastern Iowa, the Twin Cities area of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Florida, and Denver, Colorado. Substantially all income is derived from a diverse base of commercial, mortgage and retail lending activities, and investments.

21. Subsequent Events

On July 16, 2019, the board of directors of the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.2025 per share payable on September 16, 2019 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on September 2, 2019.

Pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase program approved on October 16, 2018, the Company purchased 8,731 shares of common stock subsequent to June 30, 2019 and through August 6, 2019 for a total cost of $0.3 million inclusive of transaction costs, leaving $0.8 million remaining available under the program.

The Company has evaluated events that have occurred subsequent to June 30, 2019 and has concluded there are no other subsequent events that would require recognition in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

OVERVIEW

The Company provides financial services to individuals, businesses, governmental units and institutional customers located primarily in the upper Midwest through its bank subsidiary, MidWestOne Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank has locations in central and eastern Iowa, the Twin Cities area of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Florida, and Denver, Colorado. The Bank is actively engaged in many areas of commercial banking, including: acceptance of demand, savings and time deposits; making commercial, real estate, agricultural and consumer loans; and other banking services tailored for its commercial and individual customers. The Trust and Investment Service departments of the Bank administer estates, personal trusts, conservatorships, and pension and profit-sharing accounts along with providing brokerage and other investment management services to customers.

On May 1, 2019, the Company acquired ATBancorp, a bank holding company and the parent company of ATSB, a commercial bank headquartered in Dubuque, Iowa, and ABTW, a commercial bank headquartered in Cuba City, Wisconsin, through the merger of ATBancorp with and into the Company. The primary reasons for the acquisition were to expand the Company’s operations into new markets and grow the size of the Company’s business.

We operate as an independent community bank that offers a broad range of customer-focused financial services as an alternative to large national banks in our market areas. Management has invested in infrastructure and staffing to support our strategy of serving the financial needs of businesses, individuals and municipalities in our market areas. We focus our efforts on core deposit generation, especially transaction accounts, and quality loan growth with an emphasis on growing commercial loan balances. We seek to maintain a disciplined pricing strategy on deposit generation that will allow us to compete for high quality loans while maintaining an appropriate spread over funding costs.

Our results of operations depend primarily on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income on our interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and the interest expense paid on our deposits and borrowings. Results of operations are also affected by noninterest income and expense, the provision for loan losses and income tax expense. Significant external factors that impact our results of operations include general economic and competitive conditions, as well as changes in market interest rates, government policies, and actions of regulatory authorities.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and the statistical information and financial data appearing in this report as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results to be attained for any other period.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Critical accounting estimates are those which are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, and require our management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our critical accounting estimates relate to the ALLL, application of purchase accounting, goodwill and intangible assets, and fair value of AFS investment securities, all of which involve significant judgment by our management. Information about our critical accounting estimates is included under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018

Summary

On May 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of ATBancorp. The effects of this acquisition are one of the primary causes of the stated changes in our operating results for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, unless otherwise noted. See Note 3. “Business Combinations” for more details regarding assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, we earned net income of $10.7 million, which was an increase of $2.5 million from $8.2 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. The increase in net income was due primarily to an $8.4 million, or 31.8%, increase in net interest income, combined with a $3.1 million, or 54.5%, increase in noninterest income, partially offset by an $8.5 million, or 41.1%, increase in noninterest expense between the two comparable periods. Both basic and diluted earnings per common share for the second quarter of 2019 were $0.72, versus $0.67 for the second quarter of 2018. Our annualized return on

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average assets for the second quarter of 2019 was 1.01%, the same as in the second quarter of 2018. Our annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 9.66% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with 9.55% for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The annualized return on average tangible equity was 13.34% for the second quarter of 2019 compared with 12.91% for the same period in 2018.

The following table presents selected financial results and measures as of and for the quarters ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.



	As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019			2018
Net Income	$	10,674		$	8,156
Average Assets	4,230,447			3,246,302
Average Shareholders’ Equity	443,114			342,712
Return on Average Assets*	1.01		%	1.01		%
Return on Average Shareholders’ Equity*	9.66			9.55
Return on Average Tangible Equity*⁽¹⁾	13.34			12.91
Total Equity to Assets (end of period)	10.47			10.57
Tangible Equity to Tangible Assets (end of period)⁽¹⁾	8.06			8.48
Book Value per Share	$	30.11		$	28.33
Tangible Book Value per Share⁽¹⁾	22.56			22.22
* Annualized
(1) A non-GAAP financial measure. See below for a reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP equivalents.

We have traditionally disclosed certain non-GAAP ratios, including our return on average tangible equity, the ratio of our tangible equity to tangible assets, and tangible book value per share. We believe these financial measures provide investors with information regarding our financial condition and results of operations and how we evaluate them internally. These metrics focus on the core business of the Company by removing the effects of goodwill and other intangibles.

The following tables provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP equivalents.



	For the Three Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2018
Net Income:
Net income	$	10,674		$	8,156
Plus: Intangible amortization, net of tax ⁽¹⁾	735			465
Adjusted net income	$	11,409		$	8,621
Average Tangible Equity:
Average total shareholders’ equity	$	443,114		$	342,712
Plus: Average deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	2,877			996
Less: Average intangibles, net of amortization	(102,919		)	(75,780		)
Average tangible equity	$	343,072		$	267,928
Return on Average Tangible Equity (annualized)	13.34		%	12.91		%
(1) Computed on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 21%.

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	As of June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019			2018
Tangible Equity:
Total shareholders’ equity	$	488,351		$	346,201
Plus: Deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	7,676			924
Less: Intangible assets, net	(130,000		)	(75,579		)
Tangible equity	$	366,027		$	271,546
Tangible Assets:
Total assets	$	4,662,463		$	3,276,277
Plus: Deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	7,676			924
Less: Intangible assets, net	(130,000		)	(75,579		)
Tangible assets	$	4,540,139		$	3,201,622
Common shares outstanding	16,221,160			12,221,107
Tangible Book Value Per Share	$	22.56		$	22.22
Tangible Equity/Tangible Assets	8.06		%	8.48		%

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between interest income and fees earned on interest-earning assets and interest expense incurred on interest-bearing liabilities. Interest rate levels and volume fluctuations within interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities impact net interest income. Net interest margin is net interest income as a percentage of average earning assets.

Certain assets with tax favorable treatment are evaluated on a tax-equivalent basis. Tax-equivalent basis assumes a federal income tax rate of 21%. Tax-favorable assets generally have lower contractual yields than fully taxable assets. A tax-equivalent analysis is performed by adding the tax savings to the earnings on tax-favorable assets. After factoring in the tax-favorable effects of these assets, the yields may be more appropriately evaluated against alternative earning assets. In addition to yield, various other risks are factored into the evaluation process.

Net interest income of $34.8 million for the second quarter of 2019 was up $8.4 million, or 31.8%, from $26.4 million for the second quarter of 2018. An increase in interest income of $13.1 million, or 41.3%, was partially offset by increased interest expense of $4.7 million, or 87.7%. Loan interest income increased $12.6 million, or 45.7%, to $40.1 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to the second quarter of 2018, as a $845.9 million, or 36.2%, increase in average loan balances between the two periods was augmented by a 34 basis point increase in loan yield. Merger-related loan discount accretion saw an increase of $1.5 million to $2.2 million for the second quarter of 2019. Interest income from investment securities was $4.7 million for the second quarter of 2019, up $0.4 million from the second quarter of 2018.

Interest expense increased $4.7 million, or 87.7%, to $10.1 million for the second quarter of 2019, compared to $5.4 million for the same period in 2018, primarily due to an increase in the cost of interest-bearing deposits of 35 basis points and an increase in the average balance of $663.3 million between the two periods. Interest expense on borrowed funds was $2.4 million for the second quarter of 2019, up from $1.4 million for the second quarter of 2018, an increase of $1.0 million, or 71.8%. This increase resulted from an increase of 70 basis points in rate, combined with an increase in the average balance of borrowed funds to $352.7 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to $277.0 million for the same period last year, an increase of $75.7 million, or 27.3%, between the comparative periods.

Our net interest margin for the second quarter of 2019, calculated on a fully tax-equivalent basis, was 3.68%, or 4 basis points higher than the net interest margin of 3.64% for the second quarter of 2018. The yield on loans increased 34 basis points and the tax equivalent yield on investment securities increased by 11 basis points, primarily due to the increasing interest rate environment, resulting in the yield on interest-earning assets for the second quarter of 2019 being 36 basis points higher compared to the second quarter of 2018. The cost of deposits increased 35 basis points, reflecting competitive market pressures, while the average cost of borrowings was higher by 70 basis points for the second quarter of 2019, compared to the second quarter of 2018, also reflecting the increasing interest rate environment.

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The following table shows consolidated average balance sheets, detailing the major categories of assets and liabilities, the interest income earned on interest-earning assets, the interest expense paid for interest-bearing liabilities, and the related yields and interest rates for the quarters ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, reported on a fully tax-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Dividing annualized income or expense by the average balances of assets or liabilities results in average yields or costs. Average information is provided on a daily average basis.



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019						2018
	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Average Rate/ Yield		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Average Rate/ Yield
(dollars in thousands)
Average Interest-Earning Assets:
Loans ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	3,183,138	$	40,495	5.10	%	$	2,337,216	$	27,744	4.76	%
Investment securities:
Taxable investments	458,438		3,289		2.88		421,733		2,790		2.65
Tax exempt investments ⁽²⁾	203,179		1,794		3.54		215,461		1,929		3.59
Total investment securities	661,617		5,083		3.08		637,194		4,719		2.97
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing balances	36,031		185		2.06		4,271		18		1.69
Total interest-earning assets	$	3,880,786	$	45,763	4.73	%	$	2,978,681	$	32,481	4.37	%

Other assets	349,661						267,621
Total assets	$	4,230,447					$	3,246,302

Average Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Interest-bearing checking deposits	$	731,973	$	1,021	0.56	%	$	666,039	$	618	0.37	%
Money market deposits	880,973		2,491		1.13		549,023		673		0.49
Savings deposits	328,694		182		0.22		216,580		63		0.12
Certificates of deposit	874,619		4,049		1.86		721,293		2,655		1.48
Total deposits	2,816,259		7,743		1.10		2,152,935		4,009		0.75
Short-term borrowings	123,586		500		1.62		109,752		359		1.30
Long-term debt	229,152		1,876		3.28		167,288		1,024		2.46
Total borrowed funds	352,738		2,376		2.70		277,040		1,383		2.00
Total interest-bearing liabilities	$	3,168,997	$	10,119	1.28	%	$	2,429,975	$	5,392	0.89	%

Net interest spread⁽³⁾					3.45	%					3.48	%

Demand deposits	574,720						454,659
Other liabilities	43,616						18,956
Shareholders’ equity	443,114						342,712
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	4,230,447					$	3,246,302

Interest income/earning assets ⁽²⁾	$	3,880,786	$	45,763	4.73	%	$	2,978,681	$	32,481	4.37	%
Interest expense/earning assets	$	3,880,786	$	10,119	1.05	%	$	2,978,681	$	5,392	0.73	%
Net interest margin ⁽²⁾⁽⁴⁾			$	35,644	3.68	%			$	27,089	3.64	%

Non-GAAP to GAAP Reconciliation:
Tax Equivalent Adjustment:
Loans			$	442					$	258
Securities			370						401
Total tax equivalent adjustment			812						659
Net Interest Income			$	34,832					$	26,430



	(1)	Non-accrual loans have been included in average loans, net of unearned income. Amortized net deferred loans fees and net unearned discounts on acquired loans were included in the interest income calculations. The amortization of net deferred loans fees was $(128) thousand and $(99) thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. Accretion of unearned purchase discounts was $2.2 million and $783 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and June 30, 2018, respectively.
	(2)	Computed on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 21%.
	(3)	Tax equivalent.
	(4)	Net interest margin is tax-equivalent net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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The following table sets forth an analysis of volume and rate changes in interest income and interest expense on our average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities during the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, reported on a fully tax-equivalent basis assuming a 21% federal tax rate. The table distinguishes between the changes related to average outstanding balances (changes in volume holding the initial interest rate constant) and the changes related to average interest rates (changes in average rate holding the initial outstanding balance constant). The change in interest due to both volume and rate has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019 Compared to 2018 Change due to
	Volume			Rate/Yield			Net
(in thousands)
Increase (decrease) in interest income:
Loans, tax equivalent	$	10,649		$	2,102		$	12,751
Investment securities:
Taxable investments	250			249			499
Tax exempt investments	(108		)	(27		)	(135		)
Total investment securities	142			222			364
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing balances	162			5			167
Change in interest income	10,953			2,329			13,282
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing checking deposits	65			338			403
Money market deposits	575			1,243			1,818
Savings deposits	46			73			119
Certificates of deposit	631			763			1,394
Total deposits	1,317			2,417			3,734
Short-term borrowings	48			93			141
Long-term debt	448			404			852
Total borrowed funds	496			497			993
Change in interest expense	1,813			2,914			4,727
Increase (decrease) in net interest income	$	9,140		$	(585	)	$	8,555
Percentage change in net interest income over prior period							31.6		%

Interest income on loans on a tax-equivalent basis in the second quarter of 2019 increased $12.8 million, or 46.0%, compared with the same period in 2018. This increase includes the effect of the merger-related discount accretion of $2.2 million on loans for the second quarter of 2019 compared to $0.8 million of merger-related discount accretion for the second quarter of 2018. Average loans were $845.9 million, or 36.2%, higher in the second quarter of 2019 compared with the second quarter of 2018, primarily resulting from the acquisition of ATBancorp. In addition to purchase accounting adjustments, the yield on our loan portfolio is affected by the amount of nonaccrual loans (which do not earn interest income), the mix of the portfolio (real estate loans generally have a lower overall yield than commercial and agricultural loans), the effects of competition and the interest rate environment on the amounts and volumes of new loan originations, and the mix of variable-rate versus fixed-rate loans in our portfolio. The increase in interest income on loans was due primarily to the increase in average balance of loans between the second quarter of 2019 and the comparative period in 2018, augmented by an increase in the average yield on loans from 4.76% in the second quarter of 2018 to 5.10% in the second quarter of 2019. Despite the increase in overall interest rates, we expect the yield on new and renewing loans to remain relatively flat for the remainder of 2019 in the markets we serve due to competitive pressures for quality credits.

Interest income on investment securities on a tax-equivalent basis totaled $5.1 million in the second quarter of 2019 compared with $4.7 million for the same period of 2018. The tax-equivalent yield on our investment portfolio in the second quarter of 2019 increased to 3.08% from 2.97% in the comparable period of 2018. The average balance of investment securities in the second quarter of 2019 was $661.6 million compared with $637.2 million in the second quarter of 2018, an increase of $24.4 million, or 3.8%.

Interest expense on deposits increased $3.7 million, or 93.1%, to $7.7 million in the second quarter of 2019 compared with $4.0 million in the same period of 2018. The increased interest expense on deposits was primarily due to an increase of 35 basis points in the weighted average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits to 1.10% in the second quarter of 2019, compared with 0.75% in the second quarter of 2018. An increase in average balances of interest-bearing deposits for the second quarter of 2019 of $663.3 million compared with the same period in 2018 also contributed to increased expense on deposits.

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Interest expense on borrowed funds of $2.4 million in the second quarter of 2019 was an increase of $1.0 million, or 71.8%, from $1.4 million in same period of 2018. Average borrowed funds for the second quarter of 2019 saw a $75.7 million increase compared with the same period in 2018. An increase in the level of borrowed funds, primarily due to the $61.9 million increase in the average volume of long-term debt combined with a $13.8 million increase in the average volume of short-term borrowings for the second quarter of 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, was enhanced by an increase in the weighted average rate on borrowed funds to 2.70% for the second quarter of 2019 compared with 2.00% for the second quarter of 2018. The increase in the weighted average rate was due to the interest rate on a portion of the Company’s borrowings being tied to short-term interest rate indexes, which allows them to reprice upward rapidly in an increasing interest rate environment.

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses is a current charge against income and represents an amount which management believes is sufficient to maintain an adequate allowance for probable losses in the loan portfolio. In assessing the adequacy of the ALLL, management considers the size and quality of the loan portfolio measured against prevailing economic conditions, regulatory guidelines, and historical loan loss experience. When a determination is made by management to charge off a loan balance, such write-off is charged against the ALLL.

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $0.7 million in the second quarter of 2019, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 44.3%, from $1.3 million for the second quarter of 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower organic loan growth during the second quarter of 2019 compared to the same period last year. Net loans charged off in the second quarter of 2019 totaled $1.7 million, compared to $0.1 million of net loans charged off in the second quarter of 2018. We determined an appropriate provision based on our evaluation of the adequacy of the ALLL in relationship to a continuing review of problem loans, current economic conditions, actual loss experience and industry trends. We believed that the ALLL was adequate based on the inherent risk in the portfolio as of June 30, 2019; however, there is no assurance losses will not exceed the allowance, and any growth in the loan portfolio and the uncertainty of the general economy may require additional provisions in future periods.

Sensitive assets include nonaccrual loans, loans on the Bank’s watch loan reports and other loans identified as having higher potential for loss. We review sensitive assets on at least a quarterly basis for changes in the customers’ ability to pay and changes in the valuation of underlying collateral in order to estimate probable losses. We also periodically review a watch loan list which is comprised of loans that have been restructured or involve customers in industries which have been adversely affected by market conditions. The majority of these loans are being repaid in conformance with their contracts.

Noninterest Income

The following table outlines the amount of and changes to the various noninterest income line items as of the dates indicated:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018			$ Change			% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Investment services and trust activities	$	1,890	$	1,218		$	672		55.2	%
Service charges and fees	1,870		1,518			352			23.2
Card revenue	1,799		1,093			706			64.6
Loan revenue	648		906			(258		)	(28.5	)
Bank-owned life insurance	470		397			73			18.4
Insurance commissions	314		319			(5		)	(1.6	)
Investment securities gains (losses), net	32		(4		)	36			NM
Other	1,773		246			1,527			620.7
Total noninterest income	$	8,796	$	5,693		$	3,103		54.5	%
NM - Percentage change not considered meaningful.

Total noninterest income for the second quarter of 2019 increased $3.1 million, or 54.5%, to $8.8 million from $5.7 million in the second quarter of 2018. The increase was due primarily to additional fee income (investment services and trust activities, service charges and fees, and card revenue) earned as a result of the acquisition. Further, other noninterest income reflected a gain of $1.1 million from the sale of assets of MidWestOne Insurance Services, Inc., completed in the second quarter of 2019. Partially offsetting these increases, loan revenue included a $0.5 million negative valuation adjustment to the Company’s mortgage servicing rights.

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Noninterest Expense

The following table outlines the amount of and changes to the various noninterest expense line items as of the dates indicated:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change			% Change
(dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits	$	16,409	$	12,225	$	4,184		34.2	%
Occupancy expense of premises, net	2,127		1,882		245			13.0
Equipment	1,914		1,408		506			35.9
Legal and professional	3,291		959		2,332			243.2
Data processing	1,008		691		317			45.9
Marketing	869		690		179			25.9
Amortization of intangibles	930		589		341			57.9
FDIC insurance	434		392		42			10.7
Communications	377		341		36			10.6
Foreclosed assets, net	84		145		(61		)	(42.1	)
Other	1,597		1,264		333			26.3
Total noninterest expense	$	29,040	$	20,586	$	8,454		41.1	%

Noninterest expense for the second quarter of 2019 was $29.0 million, an increase of $8.5 million, or 41.1%, from $20.6 million for the second quarter of 2018. Compensation and employee benefits increased for the second quarter of 2019 compared to the second quarter of 2018, with the increase including $1.0 million of merger-related expenses. Legal and professional fees increased for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2018, mainly due to expenses paid of $1.8 million related to the merger with ATBancorp. Data processing fees also rose primarily due to $0.2 million of merger-related expenses.

Income Tax Expense

Our effective income tax rate, or income taxes divided by income before taxes, was 23.2% for the second quarter of 2019, which was higher than the effective tax rate of 20.7% for the second quarter of 2018. Income tax expense was $3.2 million in the second quarter of 2019 compared to $2.1 million for the same period of 2018. The primary reason for the increase in income tax expense was a higher level of taxable income being realized in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018

Summary

On May 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of ATBancorp. The effects of this acquisition are one of the primary causes of the stated changes in our operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, unless otherwise noted. See Note 3. “Business Combinations” for more details regarding assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we earned net income of $18.0 million, compared with $15.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, an increase of 12.6%. The increase in net income was due primarily to an $8.2 million, or 15.6%, increase in net interest income, combined with a $2.8 million, or 24.9%, increase in noninterest income, partially offset by an $8.8 million, or 21.7%, increase in noninterest expense between the two comparable periods. Both basic and diluted earnings per common share for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were $1.33, versus $1.31 for basic earnings per share and $1.30 diluted earnings per share for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Our annualized return on average assets for the first six months of 2019 was 0.96% compared with 1.00% for the same period in 2018. Our annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 9.02% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 versus 9.41% for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The annualized return on average tangible equity was 12.21% for the first six months of 2019 compared with 12.81% for the same period in 2018.

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The following table presents selected financial results and measures as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.



	As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019			2018
Net Income	$	17,959		$	15,949
Average Assets	3,767,729			3,231,320
Average Shareholders’ Equity	401,490			341,636
Return on Average Assets*	0.96		%	1.00		%
Return on Average Shareholders’ Equity*	9.02			9.41
Return on Average Tangible Equity*⁽¹⁾	12.21			12.81
Total Equity to Assets (end of period)	10.47			10.57
Tangible Equity to Tangible Assets (end of period)⁽¹⁾	8.06			8.48
Book Value per Share	$	30.11		$	28.33
Tangible Book Value per Share⁽¹⁾	22.56			22.22
* Annualized
(1) A non-GAAP financial measure. See below for a reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP equivalents.

The following tables provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP equivalents.



	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2018
Net Income:
Net income	$	17,959		$	15,949
Plus: Intangible amortization, net of tax ⁽¹⁾	1,092			984
Adjusted net income	$	19,051		$	16,933
Average Tangible Equity:
Average total shareholders’ equity	$	401,490		$	341,636
Less: Average intangibles, net of amortization	(88,633		)	(76,065		)
Plus: Average deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	1,745			1,074
Average tangible equity	$	314,602		$	266,645
Return on Average Tangible Equity (annualized)	12.21		%	12.81		%
(1) Computed on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 21%.



	As of June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2019			2018
Tangible Equity:
Total shareholders’ equity	$	488,351		$	346,201
Plus: Deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	7,676			924
Less: Intangible assets, net	(130,000		)	(75,579		)
Tangible equity	$	366,027		$	271,546
Tangible Assets:
Total assets	$	4,662,463		$	3,276,277
Plus: Deferred tax liability associated with intangibles	7,676			924
Less: Intangible assets, net	(130,000		)	(75,579		)
Tangible assets	$	4,540,139		$	3,201,622
Common shares outstanding	16,221,160			12,221,107
Tangible Book Value Per Share	$	22.56		$	22.22
Tangible Equity/Tangible Assets	8.06		%	8.48		%

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Net Interest Income

Our net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2019, was $60.8 million, up $8.2 million, or 15.6%, from $52.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Interest income saw an increase of $15.7 million, or 25.0%. Loan interest income increased $15.0 million, or 27.8%, to $69.1 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to the first six months of 2018, primarily due to a $477.3 million, or 20.6%, increase in the average balance of loans between the two periods. Loan interest income also included the effect of an increase in the discount accretion related to the merger to $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Interest income on investment securities rose $0.5 million, or 5.2%, to $9.0 million for the first six months of 2019 compared to the first six months of 2018 primarily due to an 11 basis point increase in the average yield between the comparative periods. These income increases were partially offset by an increase of $7.5 million, or 74.1%, in interest expense, to $17.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $10.1 million for the first six months of 2018. Interest expense on deposits increased $5.9 million, or 78.1%, to $13.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $7.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as the average rate for deposits increased 37 basis points, and the average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased $369.8 million, or 17.3%, between the two periods. Interest expense related to borrowings rose $1.6 million, or 62.0%, between the two periods, primarily due to a 70 basis point increase in the average rate for the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period of 2018.

The Company posted a net interest margin, calculated on a fully tax-equivalent basis, of 3.63% for the first six months of 2019, down 3 basis points from the net interest margin of 3.66% for the same period in 2018. For the first six months of 2019 compared with 2018, the tax equivalent loan yield increased 29 basis points, with an increase in the average balance of loans of $477.3 million, or 20.6%. This was coupled with an 11 basis point tax equivalent yield increase on a slightly higher level of average balance of investment securities, resulting in an overall 30 basis point increase in the yield on earning assets. On the liability side of the balance sheet, a 37 basis point increase in the cost of deposits was due primarily to the merger and an increasing interest rate environment. This, combined with an increase in the cost of borrowed funds of 70 basis points, were the primary factors in a 41 basis point increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period of 2018.

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The following table shows consolidated average balance sheets, detailing the major categories of assets and liabilities, the interest income earned on interest-earning assets, the interest expense paid for interest-bearing liabilities, and the related yields and interest rates for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, reported on a fully tax-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Dividing annualized income or expense by the average balances of assets or liabilities results in average yields or costs. Average information is provided on a daily average basis.



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019						2018
(dollars in thousands)	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Average Rate/ Yield		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Average Rate/ Yield
Average Interest-Earning Assets:
Loans ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	2,798,526	$	69,803	5.03	%	$	2,321,189	$	54,552	4.74	%
Investment securities:
Taxable investments	436,832		6,216		2.87		422,856		5,538		2.64
Tax exempt investments ⁽²⁾	202,606		3,566		3.55		216,022		3,859		3.60
Total investment securities	639,438		9,782		3.08		638,878		9,397		2.97
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing balances	19,633		205		2.11		3,351		27		1.62
Total interest-earning assets	$	3,457,597	$	79,790	4.65	%	$	2,963,418	$	63,976	4.35	%

Other assets	310,132						267,902
Total assets	$	3,767,729					$	3,231,320

Average Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Interest-bearing checking deposits	$	698,654	$	1,931	0.56	%	$	667,326	$	1,210	0.37	%
Money market deposits	$	746,339	$	3,825	1.03	%	$	538,810	$	1,166	0.44	%
Savings deposits	$	267,068	$	240	0.18	%	$	216,407	$	126	0.12	%
Certificates of deposit	800,109		7,442		1.88		719,811		5,043		1.41
Total deposits	2,512,170		13,438		1.08		2,142,354		7,545		0.71
Short-term borrowings	116,795		957		1.65		108,257		620		1.14
Long-term debt	204,471		3,136		3.09		164,262		1,906		2.35
Total borrowed funds	321,266		4,093		2.57		272,519		2,526		1.87
Total interest-bearing liabilities	$	2,833,436	$	17,531	1.25	%	$	2,414,873	$	10,071	0.84	%

Net interest spread⁽³⁾					3.40	%					3.51	%

Demand deposits	498,733						455,825
Other liabilities	34,070						18,986
Shareholders’ equity	401,490						341,636
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,767,729					$	3,231,320

Interest income/earning assets ⁽²⁾	$	3,457,597	$	79,790	4.65	%	$	2,963,418	$	63,976	4.35	%
Interest expense/earning assets	$	3,457,597	$	17,531	1.02	%	$	2,963,418	$	10,071	0.69	%
Net interest margin ⁽²⁾⁽⁴⁾			$	62,259	3.63	%			$	53,905	3.66	%

Non-GAAP to GAAP Reconciliation:
Tax Equivalent Adjustment:
Loans			$	715					$	499
Securities			736						802
Total tax equivalent adjustment			1,451						1,301
Net Interest Income			$	60,808					$	52,604



	(1)	Non-accrual loans have been included in average loans, net of unearned income. Amortized net deferred loans fees and net unearned discounts on acquired loans were included in the interest income calculations. The amortization of net deferred loans fees was $(278) thousand and $(212) thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. Accretion of unearned purchase discounts was $2.8 million and $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.
	(2)	Computed on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming a federal income tax rate of 21%.
	(3)	Tax equivalent.
	(4)	Net interest margin is tax-equivalent net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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The following table sets forth an analysis of volume and rate changes in interest income and interest expense on our average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, reported on a fully tax-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate. The table distinguishes between the changes related to average outstanding balances (changes in volume holding the initial interest rate constant) and the changes related to average interest rates (changes in average rate holding the initial outstanding balance constant). The change in interest due to both volume and rate has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019 Compared to 2018 Change due to
(in thousands)	Volume			Rate/Yield			Net
Increase (decrease) in interest income:
Loans, tax equivalent	$	11,754		$	3,497		$	15,251
Investment securities:
Taxable investments	186			492			678
Tax exempt investments	(239		)	(54		)	(293		)
Total investment securities	(53		)	438			385
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing balances	168			10			178
Change in interest income	11,869			3,945			15,814
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing checking deposits	60			661			721
Money market deposits	593			2,066			2,659
Savings deposits	36			78			114
Certificates of deposit	601			1,798			2,399
Total deposits	1,290			4,603			5,893
Short-term borrowings	50			287			337
Long-term debt	538			692			1,230
Total borrowed funds	588			979			1,567
Change in interest expense	1,878			5,582			7,460
Change in net interest income	$	9,991		$	(1,637	)	$	8,354
Percentage change in net interest income over prior period							15.5		%

Interest income and fees on loans on a tax-equivalent basis increased $15.3 million, or 28.0%, in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. This increase reflects the effect of the merger-related discount accretion for loans of $2.8 million in the first six months of 2019, compared to $1.7 million of discount accretion in the first six months of 2018. The increased income is due to average loan balances increasing $477.3 million, or 20.6%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to the merger with ATBancorp, as organic loan growth was $5.5 million. The yield on loans in the first six months of 2019 was 5.03%, an increase of 29 basis points over the first six months of 2018. The yield on our loan portfolio is affected by the amount of nonaccrual loans (which do not earn interest income), the mix of the portfolio (real estate loans generally have a lower overall yield than commercial and agricultural loans), the effects of competition and the interest rate environment on the amounts and volumes of new loan originations, and the mix of variable-rate versus fixed-rate loans in our portfolio.

Interest income on investment securities on a tax-equivalent basis totaled $9.8 million in the first six months of 2019 compared with $9.4 million for the same period of 2018. The tax-equivalent yield on our investment portfolio for the first six months of 2019 increased to 3.08% from 2.97% in the comparable period of 2018, primarily due to the rising interest rate environment. The average balance of investment securities in the first six months of 2019 was $639.4 million compared with $638.9 million in the first six months of 2018, an increase of $0.6 million, or 0.1%.

Interest expense on deposits was $13.4 million for the first six months of 2019 compared with $7.5 million for the same period in 2018. This increase was primarily due to the increase in general interest rates. Additionally, average interest-bearing deposits for the first six months of 2019 increased $369.8 million, or 17.3%, compared with the same period in 2018. The weighted average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits was 1.08% for the first six months of 2019 compared with 0.71% for the first six months of 2018, an increase of 37 basis points.

Interest expense on borrowed funds in the first six months of 2019 was $4.1 million, compared with $2.5 million for the same period in 2018, an increase of $1.6 million, or 62.0%. Average borrowed funds for the first six months of 2019 were $48.7 million higher compared with the same period in 2018, primarily due to the higher average level of long-term debt of $40.2 million,

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or 24.5%, coupled with an increase in the average balance of short-term borrowings of $8.5 million, or 7.9%, for the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The weighted average rate on borrowed funds for the first six months of 2019 was 2.57%, an increase of 70 basis points from 1.87% for the first six months of 2018. The increase in the weighted average rate was due to the interest rate on a portion of the Company’s borrowings being tied to short-term interest rate indexes, which allows them to reprice upward rapidly in an increasing interest rate environment.

Provision for Loan Losses

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $2.3 million in the first six months of 2019, compared to $3.1 million for the same period of 2018, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 26.1%. The decreased provision was primarily due to an improvement in credit quality. In the first six months of 2018 there were 2 non accrual credits that required additional provision for loan losses. The volume of new individually impaired loans has decreased in 2019. Net loans charged off in the first six months of 2019 totaled $2.9 million compared with $0.4 million in the first six months of 2018.

Noninterest Income

The following table outlines the amount of and changes to the various noninterest income line items as of the dates indicated:



	Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2019		2018		$ Change			% Change
Investment services and trust activities	$	3,280	$	2,457	$	823		33.5	%
Service charges and fees	3,312		3,089		223			7.2
Card revenue	2,797		2,059		738			35.8
Loan revenue	1,041		1,847		(806		)	(43.6	)
Bank-owned life insurance	862		830		32			3.9
Insurance commissions	734		720		14			1.9
Investment securities gains (losses), net	49		5		44			880.0
Other	2,131		367		1,764			480.7
Total noninterest income	$	14,206	$	11,374	$	2,832		24.9	%

In the first six months of 2019, total noninterest income increased $2.8 million, or 24.9%, to $14.2 million from $11.4 million during the same period of 2018. This increase was due primarily to additional fee income (investment services and trust activities, service charges and fees, and card and loan revenue) earned as a result of the acquisition. Further, other noninterest income reflected a gain of $1.1 million from the sale of assets of MidWestOne Insurance Services, Inc., completed in the second quarter of 2019. Partially offsetting these increases, loan revenue included a $0.7 million negative valuation adjustment to the Company’s mortgage servicing rights.

Noninterest Expense

The following table outlines the amount of and changes to the various noninterest expense line items as of the dates indicated:



	Six Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Compensation and employee benefits	$	28,988	$	24,596	$	4,392	17.9	%
Occupancy expense of premises, net	4,006		3,788		218		5.8
Equipment	3,285		2,791		494		17.7
Legal and professional	4,256		1,753		2,503		142.8
Data processing	1,853		1,379		474		34.4
Marketing	1,475		1,310		165		12.6
Amortization of intangibles	1,382		1,246		136		10.9
FDIC insurance	804		711		93		13.1
Communications	719		670		49		7.3
Foreclosed assets, net	142		106		36		34.0
Other	2,747		2,464		283		11.5
Total noninterest expense	$	49,657	$	40,814	$	8,843	21.7	%

Noninterest expense increased to $49.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared with $40.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, an increase of $8.8 million, or 21.7%. Compensation and employee benefits showed the greatest increase of $4.4 million, or 17.9%, from $24.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, to $29.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, primarily due to normal annual salary and personnel adjustments and the inclusion of $1.0 million

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of merger-related expenses. Legal and professional fees increased for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to six months ended June 30, 2018, mainly due to expenses of $2.0 million related to the merger with ATBancorp. Data processing fees also rose primarily due to $0.2 million of merger-related expenses.

Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate, or income taxes divided by income before taxes, was 22.1% for the first six months of 2019, and 20.5% for the first six months of 2018. Income tax expense increased to $5.1 million in the first six months of 2019 compared with $4.1 million for the same period of 2018, primarily due to a higher level of taxable income being realized in the first six months of 2019 than in the same period of 2018.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Primarily as a result of the merger with ATBancorp, our total assets were $4.66 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $1.37 billion, or 41.7%, from December 31, 2018. Loans held for investment, net of unearned income, were $3.54 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $1.16 billion, or 48.4%, from $2.40 billion at December 31, 2018. Between these two dates, debt securities increased $43.6 million, or 7.1%, and cash and cash equivalents increased $75.0 million, or 165.0%. Total deposits at June 30, 2019, were $3.73 billion, an increase of $1.11 billion from December 31, 2018. Between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, short-term borrowings rose $22.4 million, or 17.0%, while long-term debt increased $83.9 million, or 49.8%, between the two dates.

Debt Securities

Debt securities totaled $653.5 million at June 30, 2019, or 14.0% of total assets, an increase of $43.6 million, from $609.9 million, or 18.6% of total assets, as of December 31, 2018. A total of $460.3 million of the debt securities were classified as AFS at June 30, 2019, compared to $414.1 million at December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2019, the portfolio consisted mainly of MBS and CMOs (37.5%), obligations of states and political subdivisions (35.4%), corporate debt securities (27.1%), and obligations of U.S. government agencies (0.1%). Debt securities HTM were $193.2 million at June 30, 2019, compared to $195.8 million at December 31, 2018.

Loans

The composition of loans held for investment, net of unearned income was as follows:



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Balance		% of Total		Balance		% of Total
Agricultural	$	152,491	4.3	%	$	96,956	4.1	%
Commercial and industrial	866,023		24.5		533,188		22.2
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	273,149		7.7		217,617		9.1
Farmland	187,393		5.3		88,807		3.7
Multifamily	243,928		6.9		134,741		5.6
Commercial real estate-other	1,114,039		31.5		826,163		34.4
Total commercial real estate	1,818,509		51.4		1,267,328		52.8
Residential real estate:
One- to four-family first liens	423,625		12.0		341,830		14.3
One- to four-family junior liens	176,685		5.0		120,049		5.0
Total residential real estate	600,310		17.0		461,879		19.3
Consumer	99,170		2.8		39,428		1.6
Loans held for investment, net of unearned income	$	3,536,503	100.0	%	$	2,398,779	100.0	%

Loans held for investment, net of unearned income increased $1.14 billion, or 47.4%, from a balance of $2.40 billion at December 31, 2018, to $3.54 billion at June 30, 2019. Due to the effect of the ATBancorp merger, the mix of loans saw increases between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019 in all loan classes, with the increases primarily concentrated in commercial and industrial, commercial real estate-other, and multifamily loans. As of June 30, 2019, the largest category of loans was commercial real estate loans, comprising approximately 51% of the portfolio, of which 8% of total loans were construction and development, 7% of total loans were multifamily residential mortgages, and 5% of total loans were farmland. Commercial and industrial loans was the next largest category at 25% of total loans, followed by residential real estate loans at 17%, agricultural loans at 4%, and consumer loans at 3%. Included in these totals were $16.4 million, net of a discount of $0.5 million, or 0.5% of the total loan portfolio, in PCI loans.

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We have minimal direct exposure to subprime mortgages in our loan portfolio. Our loan policy provides a guideline that real estate mortgage borrowers have a Beacon score of 640 or greater. Exceptions to this guideline have been noted, but the overall exposure is deemed minimal by management. Mortgages we originate and sell on the secondary market are typically underwritten according to the guidelines of secondary market investors. These mortgages are sold on a non-recourse basis.

Premises and Equipment

As of June 30, 2019, premises and equipment totaled $93.4 million, an increase of $17.6 million, or 23.3%, from December 31, 2018, due primarily to the merger.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill was $93.4 million at June 30, 2019, an increase of $28.7 million, or 44.4%, from $64.7 million at December 31, 2018. Other intangible assets increased $26.7 million, or 270.9%, to $36.6 million at June 30, 2019 compared to $9.9 million at December 31, 2018. Both the increase in goodwill and in other intangible assets was due to the merger. See Note 7. “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Foreclosed Assets, Net

Foreclosed assets, net were $4.9 million at June 30, 2019 and $0.5 million at December 31, 2018, an increase of $4.4 million, or 820.0%, primarily due to the merger.

Deposits

Total deposits as of June 30, 2019 were $3.73 billion, an increase of $1.11 billion from December 31, 2018, primarily due to the merger. The mix of deposits saw increases between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019 of $464.0 million, or 83.5%, in money market deposits, $216.0 million, or 29.8%, in certificates of deposit, $207.9 million, or 47.4%, in non-interest-bearing demand deposits, $145.9 million, or 69.3%, in savings deposits, and $78.6 million, or 11.5%, in interest-bearing checking deposits. Approximately 74.8% of our total deposits were considered “core” deposits as of June 30, 2019, compared to 72.3% at December 31, 2018. We consider core deposits to be the total of all deposits other than certificates of deposit. See Note 9. “Deposits” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our deposits.

Debt

Short-Term Borrowings

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase - Securities sold under agreements to repurchase rose $41.2 million, or 55.3%, to $115.7 million as of June 30, 2019, compared with $74.5 million as of December 31, 2018, primarily due to the merger. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are agreements in which the Company acquires funds by selling investment securities to another party under a simultaneous agreement to repurchase the same investment securities at a specified price and date. The Company enters into repurchase agreements and also offers a demand deposit account product to customers that sweeps their balances in excess of an agreed upon target amount into overnight repurchase agreements. As such, the balance of these borrowings vary according to the liquidity needs of the customers participating in these sweep accounts. See Note 10. “Short-Term Borrowings” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances - FHLB advances were $37.7 million as of June 30, 2019, compared with $56.9 million as of December 31, 2018, a decrease of $19.2 million. The principal function of these funds is to maintain short-term liquidity. The decline in FHLB advances was due to the receipt of cash as part of the acquisition of ATBancorp. See Note 10. “Short-Term Borrowings” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our FHLB advances.

Federal Funds Purchased - Federal funds purchased were $0.4 million as of June 30, 2019, compared with none as of December 31, 2018, an increase of $0.4 million. The principal function of these funds is to maintain short-term liquidity. See Note 10. “Short-Term Borrowings” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our federal funds purchased.

Long-term Debt

Finance Lease Payable - The Company has one existing finance lease (previously referred to as a capital lease) for a branch location, with a present value liability balance of $1.3 million as of June 30, 2019, substantially unchanged from December 31, 2018. See Note 12. “Long-Term Debt” and Note 19. “Leases” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our finance lease obligation.

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Junior Subordinated Notes Issued to Capital Trusts - Junior subordinated notes that have been issued to capital trusts that issued trust preferred securities were $41.5 million as of June 30, 2019, an increase of $17.6 million, or 73.8% from $23.9 million at December 31, 2018, due primarily to the merger. See Note 11. “Subordinated Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our junior subordinated notes.

Subordinated Debentures - On May 1, 2019, the Company assumed $10.8 million in aggregate principal amount of subordinated debentures as a result of the merger with ATBancorp. See Note 11. “Subordinated Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our subordinated debentures.

Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings - FHLB borrowings totaled $160.8 million as of June 30, 2019, compared with $136.0 million as of December 31, 2018, an increase of $24.8 million, or 18.2%. We utilize FHLB borrowings as a supplement to customer deposits to fund interest-earning assets and to assist in managing interest rate risk. See Note 12. “Long-Term Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our FHLB borrowings.

Other long-term Debt - Other long-term debt in the form of a $35.0 million unsecured note, of which $25.0 million was drawn upon, payable to a correspondent bank was entered into on April 30, 2015, in connection with the payment of the merger consideration at the closing of the merger with Central Bancshares, Inc., of which $5.0 million was outstanding as of June 30, 2019. On April 30, 2019, the Company entered into a $35.0 million unsecured note payable to a correspondent bank in connection with the payment of the merger consideration at the closing of the merger with ATBancorp, of which $34.1 million of that note was outstanding at June 30, 2019. See Note 12. “Long-Term Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our other long-term debt.

Nonperforming Assets

The following tables set forth information concerning nonperforming loans by class of loans at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



(in thousands)	Nonaccrual		90+ Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest		Performing Troubled Debt Restructured		Total
June 30, 2019
Agricultural	$	3,446	$	—	$	2,360	$	5,806
Commercial and industrial	12,129		—		—		12,129
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	230		—		—		230
Farmland	8,093		590		—		8,683
Multifamily	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	3,578		—		1,172		4,750
Total commercial real estate	11,901		590		1,172		13,663
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	2,816		319		1,011		4,146
One- to four- family junior liens	364		11		50		425
Total residential real estate	3,180		330		1,061		4,571
Consumer	219		27		—		246
Total	$	30,875	$	947	$	4,593	$	36,415

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(in thousands)	Nonaccrual		90+ Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest		Performing Troubled Debt Restructured		Total
December 31, 2018
Agricultural	$	1,622	$	—	$	2,502	$	4,124
Commercial and industrial	9,218		—		492		9,710
Commercial real estate:
Construction and development	99		—		—		99
Farmland	2,751		—		—		2,751
Multifamily	—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate-other	4,558		—		1,227		5,785
Total commercial real estate	7,408		—		1,227		8,635
Residential real estate:
One- to four- family first liens	1,049		341		1,063		2,453
One- to four- family junior liens	465		24		—		489
Total residential real estate	1,514		365		1,063		2,942
Consumer	162		—		—		162
Total	$	19,924	$	365	$	5,284	$	25,573

Not included in the loans above as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, were PCI loans with an outstanding balance of $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

The following table presents a roll forward of nonperforming loans as of the dates indicated:



				90+ Days Past			Performing
				Due & Still			Troubled Debt
Nonperforming Loans	Nonaccrual			Accruing			Restructured			Total
(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	19,924		$	365		$	5,284		$	25,573
Loans placed on nonaccrual, restructured or 90+ days past due & still accruing	12,849			1,000			72			13,921
Established through acquisition	7,909			27			—			7,936
Repayments (including interest applied to principal)	(5,303		)	(18		)	(209		)	(5,530		)
Loans returned to accrual status or no longer past due	(1,021		)	(144		)	—			(1,165		)
Charge-offs	(3,023		)	—			—			(3,023		)
Transfers to foreclosed assets	(460		)	—			—			(460		)
Transfers to nonaccrual	—			(283		)	(554		)	(837		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	30,875		$	947		$	4,593		$	36,415

At June 30, 2019, net foreclosed assets totaled $4.9 million, up from $535 thousand at December 31, 2018, primarily due to the merger. As of June 30, 2019, the allowance for loan losses was $28.7 million, or 0.81% of loans held for investment, net of unearned income, compared with $29.3 million, or 1.22%, at December 31, 2018.

Loan Review and Classification Process for Agricultural, Commercial and Industrial, and Commercial Real Estate Loans:

The Bank maintains a loan review and classification process which involves multiple officers of the Bank and is designed to assess the general quality of credit underwriting and to promote early identification of potential problem loans. All commercial and agricultural loan officers are charged with the responsibility of risk rating all loans in their portfolios and updating the ratings, positively or negatively, on an ongoing basis as conditions warrant. Risk ratings are selected from an 8-point scale with ratings as follows: ratings 1- 4 Satisfactory (pass), rating 5 Watch (potential weakness), rating 6 Substandard (well-defined weakness), rating 7 Doubtful, and rating 8 Loss.

When a loan officer originates a new loan, based upon proper loan authorization, he or she documents the credit file with an offering sheet summary, supplemental underwriting analysis, relevant financial information and collateral evaluations. All of this information is used in the determination of the initial loan risk rating. The Bank’s loan review department undertakes independent credit reviews of relationships based on either criteria established by loan policy, risk-focused sampling, or random sampling. Loan policy requires all lending relationships with total exposure of $5.0 million or more as well as all classified (loan

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grades 6 through 8) and watch (loan grade 5) rated credits over $1.0 million be reviewed no less than annually. The individual loan reviews consider such items as: loan type; nature, type and estimated value of collateral; borrower and/or guarantor estimated financial strength; most recently available financial information; related loans and total borrower exposure; and current and anticipated performance of the loan. The results of such reviews are presented to executive management.

Through the review of delinquency reports, updated financial statements or other relevant information, the lending officer and/or loan review personnel may determine that a loan relationship has weakened to the point that a watch (loan grade 5) or classified (loan grades 6 through 8) status is warranted. When a loan relationship with total related exposure of $1.0 million or greater is adversely graded (loan grade 5 or above), or is classified as a TDR (regardless of size), the lending officer is then charged with preparing a loan strategy summary worksheet that outlines the background of the credit problem, current repayment status of the loans, current collateral evaluation and a workout plan of action. This plan may include goals to improve the credit rating, assist the borrower in moving the loans to another institution and/or collateral liquidation. All such reports are first presented to regional management and then to the loan strategy committee. Copies of the minutes of these committee meetings are presented to the board of directors of the Bank.

Depending upon the individual facts and circumstances and the result of the classified/watch review process, loan officers and/or loan review personnel may categorize the loan relationship as impaired. Once that determination has occurred, the credit analyst will complete an evaluation of the collateral (for collateral-dependent loans) based upon the estimated collateral value, adjusting for current market conditions and other local factors that may affect collateral value. Loan review personnel may also complete an independent impairment analysis when deemed necessary. These judgmental evaluations may produce an initial specific allowance for placement in the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses calculation. Impairment analysis for the underlying collateral value is completed in the last month of the quarter. The impairment analysis worksheets are reviewed by the Credit Administration department prior to quarter-end. The board of directors of the Bank on a quarterly basis reviews the classified/watch reports including changes in credit grades of 5 or higher as well as all impaired loans, the related allowances and foreclosed assets, net.

In general, once the specific allowance has been finalized, regional and executive management will consider a charge-off prior to the calendar quarter-end in which that reserve calculation is finalized.

The review process also provides for the upgrade of loans that show improvement since the last review. All requests for an upgrade of a credit are approved by the loan strategy committee before the rating can be changed.

Restructured Loans

We restructure loans for our customers who appear to be able to meet the terms of their loan over the long term, but who may be unable to meet the terms of the loan in the near term due to individual circumstances. We consider the customer’s past performance, previous and current credit history, the individual circumstances surrounding the current difficulties and their plan to meet the terms of the loan in the future prior to restructuring the terms of the loan. The following factors are indicators that a concession has been granted (one or multiple items may be present):


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the stated interest rate for the remaining original life of the debt.


•	The borrower receives an extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market interest rate for new debt with similar risk characteristics.


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the face amount or maturity amount of the debt as stated in the instrument or other agreement.


•	The borrower receives a deferral of required payments (principal and/or interest).


•	The borrower receives a reduction of the accrued interest.

Generally, loans are restructured through short-term interest rate relief, short-term principal payment relief or short-term principal and interest payment relief. Once a restructured loan has gone 90 days or more past due or is placed on nonaccrual status, it is included in the 90 days or more past due or nonaccrual totals.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company restructured five loans by granting concessions to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The ALLL is an accounting estimate of incurred credit losses in our loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The provision for loan losses is the expense recognized in the consolidated statements of income to adjust the allowance to the levels deemed appropriate by management, as measured by the Company’s credit loss estimation methodologies.

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Our ALLL as of June 30, 2019 was $28.7 million, which was 0.81% of loans held for investment, net of unearned income, as of that date. This compares with an ALLL of $29.3 million as of December 31, 2018, which was 1.22% of loans held for investment, net of unearned income, as of that date. The addition of loans acquired in the merger lowered the June 30, 2019 ratio by 41 basis points, due to the accounting for acquired loans, with the ALLL not being transfered over.. Gross charge-offs for the first six months of 2019 totaled $3.5 million, while there were $0.6 million in recoveries of previously charged-off loans. The decrease in the ALLL was primarily due to charge offs taken on previously reserved individually impaired loans which lowered the overall allowance. The ratio of annualized net loan charge offs to average loans for the first six months of 2019 was 0.21% compared to 0.26% for the year ended December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2019, the ALLL was 78.8% of nonperforming loans compared with 114.6% as of December 31, 2018. Based on the inherent risk in the loan portfolio, management believed that as of June 30, 2019, the ALLL was adequate; however, there is no assurance losses will not exceed the allowance, and any growth in the loan portfolio or uncertainty in the general economy will require that management continue to evaluate the adequacy of the ALLL and make additional provisions in future periods as deemed necessary.

The Bank carefully monitors the loan portfolio and continues to emphasize the importance of credit quality while continuously strengthening loan monitoring systems and controls. The Bank reviews the ALLL quantitative and qualitative methodology on a quarterly basis and makes adjustments when appropriate to maintain adequate reserves. There were no changes to our ALLL calculation methodology during the first six months of 2019. Classified and impaired loans are reviewed per the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 310.

We monitor the loan to value (“LTV”) ratio of all loans in our portfolio, and those loans in excess of internal and supervisory guidelines are presented to the Bank’s board of directors on a quarterly basis. At June 30, 2019, there were 19 owner-occupied 1-4 family loans with a LTV ratio of 100% or greater. In addition, there were 87 home equity loans without credit enhancement that had a LTV ratio of 100% or greater. We have the first lien on 6 of these equity loans, and other financial institutions have the first lien on the remaining 81. Additionally, there were 136 commercial real estate loans without credit enhancement that exceeded the supervisory LTV guidelines. No additional allocation of the ALLL is made for loans that exceed internal and supervisory guidelines.

We review all impaired and nonperforming loans individually on a quarterly basis to determine their level of impairment due to collateral deficiency or insufficient cash-flow based on a discounted cash-flow analysis. At June 30, 2019, TDRs were not a material portion of the loan portfolio. We review loans 90 days or more past due that are still accruing interest no less than quarterly to determine if there is a strong reason that the credit should not be placed on non-accrual. The Bank’s board of directors has reviewed these credit relationships and determined that these loans and the risks associated with them were acceptable and did not represent any undue risk.

Capital Resources

Total shareholders’ equity was $488.4 million as of June 30, 2019, compared to $357.1 million as of December 31, 2018, an increase of $131.3 million, or 36.8%. This increase was primarily attributable to capital acquired from the ATBancorp merger of $113.7 million, net income of $18.0 million for the first six months of 2019, and a $7.3 million increase in accumulated other comprehensive income due to market value adjustments on investment securities AFS. This increase was partially offset by the payment of $4.9 million in dividends on our common stock. In addition, there was a $2.2 million increase in treasury stock due to the repurchase of 106,201 shares of Company common stock at a cost of $2.9 million, partially offset by the issuance of 29,916 shares of Company common stock in connection with stock compensation plans during the first six months of 2019. The total shareholders’ equity to total assets ratio was 10.47% at June 30, 2019, down from 10.85% at December 31, 2018. The tangible equity to tangible assets ratio (a non-GAAP financial measure) was 8.06% at June 30, 2019, compared with 8.80% at December 31, 2018. Book value was $30.11 per share at June 30, 2019, an increase from $29.32 per share at December 31, 2018. Tangible book value per share (a non-GAAP financial measure) was $22.56 at June 30, 2019, a decrease from $23.25 per share at December 31, 2018.

Our Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio was 9.76% as of June 30, 2019 and was 11.18% as of December 31, 2018. Risk-based capital guidelines require the classification of assets and some off-balance-sheet items in terms of credit-risk exposure and the measuring of capital as a percentage of the risk-adjusted asset totals. Management believed that, as of June 30, 2019, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which we were subject. As of that date, the Bank was “well capitalized” under regulatory prompt corrective action provisions. See Note 15. “Regulatory Capital Requirements and Restrictions on Subsidiary Cash” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our capital.

On February 15, 2019, 39,100 restricted stock units were granted to certain officers of the Company. On May 15, 2019, 9,940 restricted stock units were granted to the directors of the Company. Additionally, during the first six months of 2019, 32,810 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the vesting of previously awarded grants of restricted stock units, of which 2,894 shares were surrendered by grantees to satisfy tax requirements, and 90 nonvested restricted stock units were forfeited.

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Liquidity

Liquidity management involves meeting the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers. We conduct liquidity management on both a daily and long-term basis, and adjust our investments in liquid assets based on expected loan demand, projected loan maturities and payments, expected deposit flows, yields available on interest-bearing deposits, and the objectives of our asset/liability management program. We had liquid assets (cash and cash equivalents) of $120.5 million as of June 30, 2019, compared with $45.5 million as of December 31, 2018. Interest-bearing deposits in banks at June 30, 2019, were $47.7 million, an increase of $46.0 million from $1.7 million at December 31, 2018. Debt securities classified as AFS, totaling $460.3 million and $414.1 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, could be sold to meet liquidity needs if necessary. Additionally, the Bank maintains unsecured lines of credit with several correspondent banks and secured lines with the Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window and the FHLB that would allow us to borrow funds on a short-term basis, if necessary. Management believed that the Company had sufficient liquidity as of June 30, 2019 to meet the needs of borrowers and depositors.

Our principal sources of funds between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019 were sales and maturities of investment securities. While scheduled loan amortization and maturing interest-bearing deposits in banks are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by economic conditions, the general level of interest rates, and competition. We utilize particular sources of funds based on comparative costs and availability. This includes fixed-rate FHLB borrowings that can at times be obtained at a more favorable cost than deposits of comparable maturity. We generally manage the pricing of our deposits to maintain a steady deposit base but from time to time may decide, as we have done in the past, not to pay rates on deposits as high as our competition.

As of June 30, 2019, we had $38.3 million of long-term debt outstanding to an unaffiliated banking organization. See Note 12. “Long-Term Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our long-term debt. We also have $41.5 million of indebtedness payable under junior subordinated debentures issued to subsidiary trusts that issued trust preferred securities in pooled offerings, and $10.8 million payable under subordinated debentures. See Note 11. “Subordinated Debt” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our junior subordinated notes.

Inflation

The effects of price changes and inflation can vary substantially for most financial institutions. While management believes that inflation affects the growth of total assets, it is difficult to assess its overall impact on the Company. The price of one or more of the components of the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) may fluctuate considerably and thereby influence the overall CPI without having a corresponding effect on interest rates or upon the cost of those goods and services normally purchased by us. In years of high inflation and high interest rates, intermediate and long-term interest rates tend to increase, thereby adversely impacting the market values of investment securities, mortgage loans and other long-term fixed rate loans held by financial institutions. In addition, higher short-term interest rates caused by inflation tend to increase financial institutions’ cost of funds. In other years, the reverse situation may occur.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

We are a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers, which include commitments to extend credit, standby and performance letters of credit, and commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to customers at predetermined interest rates, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contracts. Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. We use the same credit policies in making off-balance-sheet commitments as we do for on-balance-sheet instruments.

Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. As of June 30, 2019, outstanding commitments to extend credit totaled approximately $590.9 million.

Commitments under standby and performance letters of credit outstanding totaled $14.4 million as of June 30, 2019. We do not anticipate any losses as a result of these transactions, and expect to have sufficient liquidity to fulfill outstanding credit commitments and letters of credit.

Residential mortgage loans sold to others are predominantly conventional residential first lien mortgages originated under our usual underwriting procedures, and are most often sold on a nonrecourse basis. At June 30, 2019, there were approximately $4.3 million of mandatory commitments with investors to sell not yet originated residential mortgage loans. We do not anticipate any losses as a result of these transactions.

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Special Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of such term in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We and our representatives may, from time to time, make written or oral statements that are “forward-looking” and provide information other than historical information. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from any results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statement. These factors include, among other things, the factors listed below.

Forward-looking statements, which may be based upon beliefs, expectations and assumptions of our management and on information currently available to management, are generally identifiable by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “plans,” “goals,” “intend,” “project,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “may” or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. Additionally, we undertake no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events, except as required under federal securities law.

Our ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors that could have an impact on our ability to achieve operating results, growth plan goals and future prospects include, but are not limited to, the following:


•	credit quality deterioration or pronounced and sustained reduction in real estate market values that cause an increase in our ALLL and a reduction in net earnings;


•	the risk of mergers, including with ATBancorp, including without limitation, the related time and costs of implementing such transactions, integrating operations as part of these transactions and possible failure to achieve expected gains, revenue growth and/or expense savings from such transactions;


•	our management’s ability to reduce and effectively manage interest rate risk and the impact of interest rates in general on the volatility of our net interest income;


•	changes in the economic environment, competition, or other factors that may affect our ability to acquire loans or influence the anticipated growth rate of loans and deposits and the quality of the loan portfolio and loan and deposit pricing;


•	fluctuations in the value of our investment securities;


•	governmental monetary, trade and fiscal policies;


•	legislative and regulatory changes, including changes in banking, securities, trade and tax laws and regulations and their application by our regulators;


•	the ability to attract and retain key executives and employees experienced in banking and financial services;


•	the sufficiency of the ALLL to absorb the amount of actual losses inherent in our existing loan portfolio;


•	our ability to adapt successfully to technological changes to compete effectively in the marketplace;


•	credit risks and risks from concentrations (by geographic area and by industry) within our loan portfolio;


•	the effects of competition from other commercial banks, thrifts, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, credit unions, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market and other mutual funds, and other financial institutions operating in our markets or elsewhere or providing similar services;


•	the failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of our ALLL and estimation of values of collateral and various financial assets and liabilities;


•	volatility of rate-sensitive deposits;


•	operational risks, including data processing system failures or fraud;


•	asset/liability matching risks and liquidity risks;


•	the costs, effects and outcomes of existing or future litigation;


•	changes in general economic or industry conditions, internationally, nationally or in the communities in which we conduct business;


•	changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by state and federal regulatory agencies and the FASB;


•	war or terrorist activities which may cause further deterioration in the economy or cause instability in credit markets;


•	the effects of cyber-attacks;


•	the imposition of tariffs or other domestic or international governmental policies impacting the value of the agricultural or other products of our borrowers; and


•	other factors and risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2018 and otherwise in our reports and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

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We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by the foregoing cautionary statements. Because of these risks and other uncertainties, our actual future results, performance or achievement, or industry results, may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements. In addition, our past results of operations are not necessarily indicative of our future results.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

In general, market risk is the risk of change in asset values due to movements in underlying market rates and prices. Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings and capital arising from movements in interest rates. Interest rate risk is the most significant market risk affecting the Company as other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk, play a lesser role in the normal course of our business activities.

In addition to interest rate risk, economic conditions in recent years have made liquidity risk (in particular, funding liquidity risk) a more prevalent concern among financial institutions. In general, liquidity risk is the risk of being unable to fund an entity’s obligations to creditors (including, in the case of banks, obligations to depositors) as such obligations become due or to fund its acquisition of assets.

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity refers to our ability to fund operations, to meet depositor withdrawals, to provide for our customers’ credit needs, and to meet maturing obligations and existing commitments. Our liquidity principally depends on cash flows from operating activities, investment in and maturity of assets, changes in balances of deposits and borrowings, and our ability to borrow funds.

Net cash inflows from operating activities were $18.3 million in the first six months of 2019, compared with $21.4 million in the first six months of 2018. Net income before depreciation, amortization, and accretion is generally the primary contributor for net cash inflows from operating activities.

Net cash inflows from investing activities were $97.2 million in the first six months of 2019, compared to net cash outflows of $77.9 million in the comparable six-month period of 2018. Investment securities transactions resulted in net cash inflows of $66.0 million the first six months of 2019 compared to inflows of $24.2 million during the same period of 2018. Net cash acquired from the ATBancorp merger was $37.1 million in the first six months of 2019. Net cash outflows related to the net increase in loans were $5.5 million for the first six months of 2019, compared with $78.2 million of net cash outflows for the same period of 2018.

Net cash outflows from financing activities in the first six months of 2019 were $40.4 million, compared with net cash inflows of $48.8 million for the same period of 2018. Uses of cash were highlighted by a net decrease of $58.0 million in FHLB borrowings, a decrease of $19.6 million in securities sold under agreements to repurchase, a decrease of $19.2 million in FHLB advances, and $4.9 million to pay dividends. The largest financing cash inflows during the six months ended June 30, 2019 were $35.0 million of proceeds from new long-term debt, and an increase of $33.4 million in deposits.

To further mitigate liquidity risk, the Bank has several sources of liquidity in place to maximize funding availability and increase the diversification of funding sources. The criteria for evaluating the use of these sources include volume concentration (percentage of liabilities), cost, volatility, and the fit with the current asset/liability management plan. These acceptable sources of liquidity include:

•FHLB Advances and Federal Funds Lines

•Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window

•FHLB Borrowings

•Brokered Deposits

•Brokered Repurchase Agreements

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Federal Funds Lines:

Routine liquidity requirements are met by fluctuations in the FHLB advances and federal funds positions of the Bank. The principal function of these funds is to maintain short-term liquidity. Unsecured federal funds purchased and secured FHLB advance lines are viewed as a volatile liability and are not used as a long-term funding solution, especially when used to fund long-term assets. FHLB advances are subject to the same collateral requirements and borrowing limits as set term FHLB borrowing, discussed below. Multiple correspondent relationships are preferable and federal funds sold exposure to any one customer is continuously monitored. The current federal funds purchased limit is 10% of total assets, or the amount of established federal funds lines, whichever is smaller. Currently, the Bank has unsecured federal funds lines totaling $150.0 million, which lines are tested annually to ensure availability.

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Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window:

The Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window is another source of liquidity, particularly during difficult economic times. The Bank has a borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago limited by the amount of municipal securities pledged against the line. As of June 30, 2019, the Bank had municipal securities with an approximate market value of $13.0 million pledged for liquidity purposes, and had a borrowing capacity of $11.7 million.

FHLB Borrowings:

FHLB borrowings provide both a source of liquidity and long-term funding for the Bank. Use of this type of funding is coordinated with both the strategic balance sheet growth projections and interest rate risk profile of the Bank. Factors that are taken into account when contemplating use of FHLB borrowings are the effective interest rate, the collateral requirements, community investment program credits, and the implications and cost of having to purchase incremental FHLB stock. As of June 30, 2019, the Bank had $160.8 million in outstanding FHLB borrowings, leaving $257.8 million available for liquidity needs, based on collateral capacity. These borrowings are secured by various real estate loans (residential, commercial and agricultural).

Brokered Deposits:

The Bank has brokered certificate of deposit lines and deposit relationships available to help diversify its various funding sources. Brokered deposits offer several benefits relative to other funding sources, such as: maturity structures which cannot be duplicated in the current deposit market, deposit gathering which does not cannibalize the existing deposit base, the unsecured nature of these liabilities, and the ability to quickly generate funds. However, brokered deposits are often viewed as a volatile liability by banking regulators and market participants. This viewpoint, and the desire to not develop a large funding concentration in any one area outside of the Bank’s core market area, is reflected in an internal policy stating that the Bank limit the use of brokered deposits as a funding source to no more than 10% of total assets. Board approval is required to exceed this limit. The Bank will also have to maintain a “well capitalized” standing to access brokered deposits, as an “adequately capitalized” rating would require an FDIC waiver to do so, and an “undercapitalized” rating would prohibit it from using brokered deposits altogether.

Brokered Repurchase Agreements:

Brokered repurchase agreements may be established with approved brokerage firms and banks. Repurchase agreements create rollover risk (the risk that a broker will discontinue the relationship due to market factors) and are not used as a long-term funding solution, especially when used to fund long-term assets. Collateral requirements and availability are evaluated and monitored. The current policy limit for brokered repurchase agreements is 10% of total assets. There were no outstanding brokered repurchase agreements at June 30, 2019.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is defined as the exposure of net interest income and fair value of financial instruments (interest-earning assets, deposits and borrowings) to movements in interest rates. The Company’s results of operations depend to a large degree on its net interest income and its ability to manage interest rate risk. The Company considers interest rate risk to be one of its more significant market risks. The major sources of the Company’s interest rate risk are timing differences in the maturity and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities, changes in the shape of the yield curve, changes in customer behavior and changes in relationships between rate indices (basis risk). Management measures these risks and their impact in various ways, including through the use of income simulation and valuation analyses. The interest rate scenarios used in such analysis may include gradual or rapid changes in interest rates, spread narrowing and widening, yield curve twists and changes in assumptions about customer behavior in various interest rate scenarios. A mismatch between maturities, interest rate sensitivities and prepayment characteristics of assets and liabilities results in interest-rate risk. Like most financial institutions, we have material interest-rate risk exposure to changes in both short-term and long-term interest rates, as well as variable interest rate indices (e.g., the prime rate or LIBOR). There has been no material change in the Company’s interest rate profile between June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities has remained stable over the period.

The Bank’s asset and liability committee meets regularly and is responsible for reviewing its interest rate sensitivity position and establishing policies to monitor and limit exposure to interest rate risk. Our asset and liability committee seeks to manage interest rate risk under a variety of rate environments by structuring our balance sheet and off-balance-sheet positions in such a way that changes in interest rates do not have a large negative impact. The risk is monitored and managed within approved policy limits.

We use a third-party service to model and measure our exposure to potential interest rate changes. For various assumed hypothetical changes in market interest rates, numerous other assumptions are made, such as prepayment speeds on loans and securities backed by mortgages, the slope of the Treasury yield-curve, the rates and volumes of our deposits, and the rates and volumes of our loans. There are two primary tools used to evaluate interest rate risk: net interest income simulation and EVE. In addition, interest rate gap is reviewed to monitor asset and liability repricing over various time periods.

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Net Interest Income Simulation:

Management utilizes net interest income simulation models to estimate the near-term effects of changing interest rates on its net interest income. Net interest income simulation involves forecasting net interest income under a variety of scenarios, which include varying the level of interest rates and the shape of the yield curve. Management exercises its best judgment in making assumptions regarding events that management can influence, such as non-contractual deposit re-pricings, and events outside management’s control, such as customer behavior on loan and deposit activity and the effect that competition has on both loan and deposit pricing. These assumptions are subjective and, as a result, net interest income simulation results will differ from actual results due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, changes in market conditions, customer behavior and management strategies, among other factors. We perform various sensitivity analyses on assumptions of deposit attrition and deposit re-pricing.

The following table presents the anticipated effect on net interest income over a twelve month period if short- and long-term interest rates were to sustain an immediate decrease of 100 basis points or 200 basis points, or an immediate increase of 100 basis points or 200 basis points:



	Immediate Change in Rates
(dollars in thousands)	-200			-100			+100			+200
June 30, 2019
Dollar change	$	(1,403	)	$	(1,942	)	$	(172	)	$	(1,053	)
Percent change	(0.9		)%	(1.3		)%	(0.1		)%	(0.7		)%
December 31, 2018
Dollar change	$	(529	)	$	(568	)	$	(1,840	)	$	(4,006	)
Percent change	(0.5		)%	(0.5		)%	(1.7		)%	(3.8		)%

As of June 30, 2019, 45.1% of the Company’s earning asset balances will reprice or are expected to pay down in the next twelve months, and 37.8% of the Company’s deposit balances are low cost or no cost deposits.

Economic Value of Equity:

Management also uses EVE to measure risk in the balance sheet that might not be taken into account in the net interest income simulation analysis. Net interest income simulation highlights exposure over a relatively short time period, while EVE analysis incorporates all cash flows over the estimated remaining life of all balance sheet positions. The valuation of the balance sheet, at a point in time, is defined as the discounted present value of asset cash flows minus the discounted present value of liability cash flows. EVE analysis addresses only the current balance sheet and does not incorporate the run-off replacement assumptions that are used in the net interest income simulation model. As with the net interest income simulation model, EVE analysis is based on key assumptions about the timing and variability of balance sheet cash flows and does not take into account any potential responses by management to anticipated changes in interest rates.

Interest Rate Gap:

The interest rate gap is the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities re-pricing within a given period and represents the net asset or liability sensitivity at a point in time. An interest rate gap measure could be significantly affected by external factors such as loan prepayments, early withdrawals of deposits, changes in the correlation of various interest-bearing instruments, competition, or a rise or decline in interest rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of certain members of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of June 30, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report with respect to timely communication to them and other members of management responsible for preparing periodic reports of material information required to be disclosed in this report as it relates to the Company and our consolidated subsidiaries.

The effectiveness of our or any system of disclosure controls and procedures is subject to certain limitations, including the exercise of judgment in designing, implementing, and evaluating the controls and procedures, the assumptions used in identifying the likelihood of future events, and the inability to eliminate misconduct completely. As a result, there can be no assurance that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors or fraud or ensure that all material information will be made known

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to appropriate management in a timely fashion. By their nature, our or any system of disclosure controls and procedures can provide only reasonable assurance regarding management’s control objectives.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We implemented internal controls to ensure we adequately evaluated our contracts and properly assessed the impact of new accounting standards related to leases on our financial statements to facilitate its adoption on January 1, 2019. There were no significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting due to the adoption of the new standard.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The Company and its subsidiaries are from time to time parties to various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. We believe that there are no threatened or pending proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the Company’s business, against the Company or its subsidiaries or of which any of their property is the subject, which, if determined adversely, would have a material adverse effect on the business or financial condition of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2018. Please refer to that section of our Form 10-K for disclosures regarding the risks and uncertainties related to our business.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs
April 1 - 30, 2019	9,523	$	28.14	9,523	$	2,385,294
May 1 - 31, 2019	15,546	27.91		15,546	1,951,465
June 1 - 30, 2019	31,916	28.02		31,916	1,057,327
Total	56,985	$	28.01	56,985	$	1,057,327

On October 16, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a new share repurchase program, allowing for the repurchase of up to $5.0 million of common stock through December 31, 2020. The new repurchase program replaced the Company’s prior repurchase program, pursuant to which the Company had repurchased 33,998 shares of common stock for approximately $1.1 million since the plan was announced in July 2016. The prior program had authorized the repurchase of $5.0 million of stock and was due to expire on December 31, 2018.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.



Exhibit Number	Description	Incorporated by Reference to:

2.1	First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, by and between MidWestOne Financial Group, Inc. and ATBancorp, dated April 30, 2019	Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 1, 2019

3.1	Amendment to Bylaws	Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 1, 2019

31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a)	Filed herewith

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a)	Filed herewith

32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith

32.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith

101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	Filed herewith

101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	Filed herewith

101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	Filed herewith

101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	Filed herewith

101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	Filed herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



		MIDWESTONE FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.

Dated:	August 7, 2019	By:	/s/ CHARLES N. FUNK
			Charles N. Funk
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

		By:	/s/ BARRY S. RAY
			Barry S. Ray
			Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)