MONARCH CASINO & RESORT INC - Quarter Report: 2020 June (Form 10-Q)

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United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

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☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2020

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☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from       to      .

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Commission File No. 0-22088

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (775) 335-4600

N/A

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ⌧

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Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 18,189,562 shares of common stock are outstanding as of August 3, 2020.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

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The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except shares)

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The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(In thousands, except shares, Unaudited)

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The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands, Unaudited)

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The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2020

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NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

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Basis of Presentation:

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Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. was incorporated in 1993. Unless otherwise indicated, “Monarch,” “us,” “we,” and the “Company” refer to Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Monarch owns and operates the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa, a hotel and casino in Reno, Nevada (the “Atlantis”) and Monarch Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, a casino in Black Hawk, Colorado. In addition, Monarch owns separate parcels of land located next to the Atlantis and a parcel of land with an industrial warehouse located between Denver, Colorado and Monarch Casino Black Hawk. Monarch also owns Chicago Dogs Eatery, Inc. and Monarch Promotional Association, both of which were formed in relation to licensure requirements for extended hours of liquor operation in Black Hawk, Colorado.

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The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Monarch and its subsidiaries (the “Consolidated Financial Statements”). Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated.

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Interim Financial Statements:

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The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the management of the Company, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation are included. Operating results for the three months ended June 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020.

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The balance sheet at December 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

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Impact of COVID-19:

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In March 2020, a global pandemic was declared due to an outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”). In an effort to contain the virus, on March 16^th the state of Colorado mandated a temporary shutdown of all casinos including Monarch Casino Black Hawk and on March 17^th the state of Nevada mandated the temporary closure of all casinos including Atlantis Casino Resort Spa in Reno. The COVID-19 outbreak has had, and will continue to have, an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations.

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The Company has taken steps to mitigate the effects of the economic downturn and uncertainty by reducing the operating expenses, taking advantage of federal and state government programs that support companies affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and their employees, and engaging in continuing discussions with its lender for relief and default waivers on the Amended Credit Facility. Our lender has granted the Company limited covenant and default waivers through September 29, 2020. See NOTE 6. LONG-TERM DEBT.

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Currently, the Company has a term sheet and firm commitment letters from all banks participating in the current lending group for refinancing, which will be completed upon signing of the documents and will increase our credit facility and extend the lending period.

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The Company believes that the $18.7 million cash in our interest-bearing money market fund and the $34.0 million available under our Amended Credit Facility as of June 30, 2020, as well as the anticipated operating cash flow, will be sufficient to fund its operation, meets its debt obligations and fulfill its capital expenditure plans for the next twelve months. Given the Company's liquidity position at June 30, 2020 and the steps the Company has taken subsequent to June 30, 2020, management believes the Company has sufficient liquidity to fund operations and satisfy its obligations for the next twelve months.

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Goodwill:

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The Company accounts for goodwill in accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (“ASC Topic 350”). ASC Topic 350 gives companies the option to perform a qualitative assessment that may allow them to skip the quantitative test as appropriate. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each year, or whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment may have occurred. Impairment testing for goodwill is performed at the reporting unit level, and each of the Company’s casino properties is considered to be a reporting unit.

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Goodwill consists of the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired in business combinations in April 2012. As of June 30, 2020, we had goodwill totaling $25.1 million related to the purchase of Monarch Casino Black Hawk, Inc.

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent government order to suspend operations at our properties, we performed testing for impairment of the Company’s goodwill as of June 30, 2020. The valuations used to assess the Company’s goodwill for impairment incorporate inherent uncertainties that are difficult to predict in the current economic environment. When evaluating for impairment, we make numerous highly subjective and judgmental estimates and assumptions, all of which are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, and many of which are based on significant unobservable inputs. The most significant assumptions and inputs used in evaluating for impairment are projected short-term and long-term operating results and cash flows, projected capital expenditures, estimated long-term growth rates and the weighted-average cost of capital of market participants, adjusted for the risk profile of the assets being evaluated. The timing and trajectory of the expected post-pandemic economic recovery is unknown, and accordingly, estimates and assumptions are likely to change as more information becomes available.

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The Company tested its goodwill for impairment by comparing the estimated fair value to the carrying amount of Monarch Casino Black Hawk, Inc, including goodwill. The fair value was estimated using discounted cash flow techniques and market indications of value.

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Based on the analysis and the assessment of the current events and circumstances, we concluded that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount and therefore there is no impairment of the Company’s goodwill. The Company believes that it has made reasonable estimates and judgments in performing its analysis in light of the risks and uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. However, if the excess of fair value over the carrying amount declines by a significant amount in the future as a result of changes in actual and projected operating results or other internal or external economic factors, the Company could be required to recognize goodwill impairment charges in future periods.

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Segment Reporting:

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The accounting guidance for disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information requires separate financial information to be disclosed for all operating segments of a business. The Company determined that the Company’s two operating segments, Atlantis and Monarch Casino Black Hawk, meet the aggregation criteria stipulated by ASC 280-10-50-11. The Company views each property as an operating segment and the two operating segments have been aggregated into one reporting segment.

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Inventories:

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Inventories, consisting primarily of food, beverages, and retail merchandise, are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined by the weighted average and specific identification methods. Net realizable value is defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation.

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Debt Issuance Costs:

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Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are amortized to interest expense over the term of the related debt agreement utilizing the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest rate method. Unamortized amounts of debt issuance costs are recorded as a reduction of the outstanding debt and included in “Long-term debt, net”. As of June 30, 2020, debt issuance costs, net of amortization, were $0.6 million.

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Capitalized Interest:

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The Company capitalizes interest costs associated with debt incurred in connection with major construction projects. When no debt is specifically identified as being incurred in connection with a construction project, the Company capitalizes interest on amounts expended on the project at the Company’s average borrowing cost. Interest capitalization is ceased when the project is substantially complete. The Company capitalized $1.4 million and $3.2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.

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Revenue Recognition:

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The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized when products are delivered or services are performed. For certain revenue transactions (when a patron uses a club loyalty card), in accordance with accounting standard update No. 2014-09 (“ASC 606”), a portion of the revenue is deferred until the points earned by the patron are redeemed or expire.

Casino revenue: Casino revenues represent the net win from gaming activity, which is the difference between the amounts won and lost, which represents the transaction price. Jackpots, other than the incremental amount of progressive jackpots, are recognized at the time they are won by customers. Funds deposited by customers in advance and outstanding chips and slot tickets in the customers’ possession are recognized as a liability until such amounts are redeemed or used in gaming play by the customer. Additionally, net win is reduced by the performance obligations for the players’ club program, progressive jackpots and any pre-arranged marker discounts. Progressive jackpot provisions are recognized in two components: 1) as wagers are made for the share of players’ wagers that are contributed to the progressive jackpot award, and 2) as jackpots are won for the portion of the progressive jackpot award contributed by the Company. Cash discounts and other cash incentives to guests related to gaming play are recorded as a reduction to gaming revenue.

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Players’ Club Program: The Company operates a players’ club program under which as players perform gaming activities they earn and accumulate points, which may be redeemed for a variety of goods and services. Given the significance of the players’ club program and the ability for members to bank such points based on their past play, the Company has determined that players’ club program points granted in conjunction with gaming activity constitute a material right and, as such, represent a performance obligation associated with the gaming contracts. At the time points are earned, the Company recognizes deferred revenue at the standalone selling prices (“SSP”) of the goods and services that the points are expected to be redeemed for, with a corresponding decrease in gaming revenue. The points estimated SSP is computed as the cash redemption value of the points expected to be redeemed, which is determined through an analysis of all redemption activity over the preceding twelve-month period.

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As of June 30, 2020, the Company had estimated the obligations related to the players’ club program at $9.5 million, which is included in Accrued Expenses in the Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity section in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

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Food and Beverage, Hotel and Other (retail) Revenues: Food and Beverage, Hotel and Other Revenues in general are recognized when products are delivered or services are performed. The Company recognizes revenue related to the products and services associated with the players points’ redemptions at the time products are delivered or services are performed, with corresponding reduction in the deferred revenue, at SSP. Other complimentaries in conjunction with the gaming and other business are also valued at SSP. Hotel revenue is presented net of non-third-party rebates and commissions. The cost of providing these complimentary goods and services are included as expenses within their respective categories.

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Other Revenues: Other revenues (excluding retail) primarily consist of commissions received on ATM transactions and cash advances, which are recorded on a net basis as the Company represents the agent in its relationship with the third-party service providers, and commissions and fees received in connection with pari-mutuel wagering, which are also recorded on a net basis.

Sales and other taxes: Sales taxes and other taxes collected from customers on behalf of governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and are not included in revenues or operating expenses. In addition, tips and other gratuities, excluding service charges, collected from customers on behalf of the Company’s employees are also accounted for on a net basis and are not included in revenues or operating expenses.

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Other Operating items, net:

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Other operating items, net, in general consist of miscellaneous operating charges or proceeds. For the three months ended June 30, 2020, Other operating items, net, was $1.2 million and included: $0.2 million in pre-opening expenses relating to the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion project; $0.2 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation; $0.5 million in Colorado legislation lobbying expenses; and $0.3 million equipment, supplies and employee testing expenses directly attributable to the pandemic for reopening of the properties and incremental to normal operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, Other operating items, net, was $2.5 million and included: $1.0 million in pre-opening expenses relating to the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion project; $0.3 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation; $0.9 million in Colorado legislation lobbying expenses; and $0.3 million in equipment, supplies and employee testing expenses directly attributable to the pandemic for reopening of the properties and incremental to normal operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, Other operating items, net, was $0.2 and $0.6 million, respectively, representing pre-opening expenses for the period.

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Impact of Recently Adopted Accounting Standards:

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Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: In June 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance for the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13 significantly changes the way entities account for credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The amended accounting guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment model with a forward-looking expected loss model, and is applicable to most financial assets, including trade receivables other than those arising from operating leases. In the first quarter of 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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The Company extends short-term credit to its gaming customers. Such credit is non-interest bearing and is due on demand. In addition, the Company also has receivables due from hotel guests and convention groups and events, which are primarily secured with a credit card. An allowance for doubtful accounts is set up for all Company receivables based upon the Company’s historical collection and write-off experience and taking in consideration the current economic conditions and management’s expectations of future economic conditions. The allowance is applied even when the risk of credit loss is remote. When a situation warrants, the Company may create a specific identification reserve for a high collection risk receivables. The Company writes off its uncollectible receivables once all efforts have been made to collect such receivables. The book value of receivables approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the receivables.

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Cloud Computing Arrangement Implementation Costs: In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract should be presented as a prepaid asset in the balance sheet and expensed over the term of the hosting arrangement to the same line item in the statement of income as the costs related to the hosting fees. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Goodwill impairment: In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 that simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment for all entities by eliminating the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (i.e., Step 2 of today’s goodwill impairment test) to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (i.e., measure the charge based on today’s Step 1). The standard does not change the guidance on completing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity will still be able to perform today’s optional qualitative goodwill impairment assessment before determining whether to proceed to Step 1. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under review and study by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, the Company has not yet determined the effect, if any, the implementation of any such proposed or revised standards would have on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NOTE 2. ACCOUNTING FOR LEASES

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For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Many of the Company’s leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into its determination of lease payments when appropriate. As permitted by ASC 842, the Company elected not to separate non-lease components from their related lease components.

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As of June 30, 2020, the Company’s right of use assets consisted of the Parking Lot Lease, the Driveway Lease (as defined and discussed in NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS), as well as certain billboard leases.

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Upon adoption of the new lease standard, incremental borrowing rates used for existing leases were established using the rates in effect as of the lease inception or modification date. The weighted-average incremental borrowing rate of the leases presented in the lease liability as of June 30, 2020 was 4.33%.

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The weighted-average remaining lease term of the leases presented in the lease liability as of June 30, 2020 was 21.4 years.

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Cash paid related to the operating leases presented in the lease liability for each of the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, was $0.7 million.

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NOTE 3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

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In accordance with ASU No. 2016-09, the Company records any excess tax benefits or deficiencies from its equity awards in its Consolidated Statements of Income in the reporting periods in which vesting occurs. As a result, the Company’s income tax expense and associated effective tax rate are impacted by fluctuations in stock price between the grant dates and vesting dates of equity awards.

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Reported stock-based compensation expense was classified as follows (in thousands):

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NOTE 4. EARNINGS PER SHARE

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Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing reported net earnings by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the additional dilution for all potentially dilutive securities such as stock options. The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares (denominator) used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (shares in thousands):

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Excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share are options where the exercise prices are greater than the market price as their effects would be anti-dilutive in the computation of diluted earnings per share. For the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, options for approximately 1,122 thousand and 792 thousand shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, options for approximately 1,085 thousand and 759 thousand shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation.

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NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

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The shopping center adjacent to the Atlantis (the “Shopping Center”) is owned by Biggest Little Investments, L.P. (“BLI”). John Farahi and Bob Farahi, Co-Chairmen of the Board and executive officers of the Company, and Ben Farahi have significant holdings (the “Farahi Family Stockholders”) in Monarch and each also beneficially owns limited partnership interests in BLI. Maxum LLC is the sole general partner of BLI, and Ben Farahi is the sole managing member of Maxum LLC. Neither John Farahi nor Bob Farahi has any management or operational control over BLI or the Shopping Center. Until May 2006, Ben Farahi held the positions of Co-Chairman of the Board, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company.

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On August 28, 2015, Monarch, through its subsidiary Golden Road Motor Inn, Inc., entered into a 20-year lease agreement with BLI for a portion of the Shopping Center, consisting of an approximate 46,000 square-foot commercial building on approximately 4.2 acres of land adjacent to the Atlantis (the “Parking Lot Lease”). This lease gives the Atlantis the right to use a parcel, approximately 4.2 acres, comprised of a commercial building and surrounding land adjacent to the Atlantis. The primary purpose of the Parking Lot Lease is to provide additional, convenient, Atlantis surface parking. The Company demolished the building and converted the land into approximately 300 additional surface parking spaces for the Atlantis. The minimum annual rent under the Parking Lot Lease is $695 thousand commencing on November 17, 2015. The minimum annual rent is subject to a cost of living adjustment increase on each five-year anniversary. In addition, the Company is responsible for the payment of property taxes, utilities and maintenance expenses related to the Leased Property. The Company has an option to renew the Parking Lot Lease for an additional ten-year term. If the Company elects not to exercise its renewal option, the Company will be obligated to pay BLI $1.6 million. For each of the three-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid $174 thousand in rent, plus $0 and $1 thousand, respectively, in operating expenses relating to this lease. For each of the six-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid $348 thousand in rent, plus $7 thousand and $13 thousand, respectively, in operating expenses relating to this lease. The right of use asset and lease liability balances as of June 30, 2020, recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, was $10.6 million.

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In addition, the Atlantis shares a driveway with the Shopping Center and leases approximately 37,400 square feet from BLI (the “Driveway Lease”) for an initial lease term of 15 years, which commenced on September 30, 2004, at an original annual rent of $300 thousand plus common area expenses. The annual rent is subject to a cost of living adjustment increase on each five-year anniversary of the Driveway Lease. Effective August 28, 2015, in connection with the Company entering into the Parking Lot Lease, the Driveway Lease was amended to: (i) make the Company solely responsible for the operation and maintenance costs of the shared driveway (including the fountains thereon); (ii) eliminate the Company’s obligation to reimburse the Shopping Center for its proportionate share of common area expenses; and (iii) exercise the three successive five-year renewal terms beyond the initial 15-year term in the existing Driveway Lease agreement. At the end of the renewal terms, the Company has the option to purchase the leased driveway section of the Shopping Center. For the three-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid $101 thousand and $94 thousand in rent, respectively, plus $1 thousand and $4 thousand, respectively, in operating expenses relating to this lease. For each of the six-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company paid $202 thousand and $188 thousand in rent, respectively, plus $8 thousand and $13 thousand, respectively, in operating expenses relating to this lease. The right of use asset and lease liability balances as of June 30, 2020, recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, was $4.0 million.

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The Company occasionally leases billboard advertising, storage space and parking lot space from affiliates controlled by the Farahi Family Stockholders and paid $38 thousand and $33 thousand for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 respectively, for such leases, and paid $74 thousand and $69 thousand, respectively, for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, for such leases.

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NOTE 6. LONG-TERM DEBT

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On July 20, 2016, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit facility agreement (the “Amended Credit Facility”). Under the Amended Credit Facility, the Company’s available borrowing capacity was $250.0 million, and the maturity date was July 20, 2021.

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At December 31, 2019, the total revolving loan commitment under the Amended Credit Facility was automatically and permanently reduced to $50.0 million and all $200.0 million (Conversion Amount) outstanding under the revolving loan was converted to a Term Loan. Prior to the conversion, the Company drew all available borrowings up to $200.0 million. Following the conversion to a Term Loan, on December 31, 2019, the Company made a $3.8 million mandatory principal payment.

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As of June 30, 2020, the Company had an outstanding principal balance of $191.3 million under the Amended Credit Facility term loan. As of June 30, 2020, the Company had $16.0 million outstanding and $34 million remaining in available borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility revolving loan. The Company has a $0.6 million Standby Letter of Credit, from which there have been no withdrawals.

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Borrowings are secured by liens on substantially all of the Company’s real and personal property.

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In addition to other customary covenants for a facility of this nature, as of June 30, 2020, the Company is required to maintain a Total Leverage Ratio (at any time, the ratio of (a) Total Funded Debt at such time, to (b) EBITDA for the four consecutive fiscal quarter period most recently ended for which Financial Statements are available, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) of no more than 3.5:1 and a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters ending on or most recently ended prior to such date (a) the sum of (i) EBITDA minus (ii) income taxes paid in cash during such period minus (iii) Distributions made during such period (other than Distributions made pursuant to Section 5.02(f)(i)) minus (iv) Investments in Excluded Subsidiaries made during such period minus (v) Maintenance Capital Expenditures made during such period divided by (b) Fixed Charges for such period, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) of at least 1.15:1. As of June 30, 2020, the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio and Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio were 5.2:1 and 1.7:1, respectively.

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The interest rate under the Amended Credit Facility is LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.00% to 2.50%, or a base rate (as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 1.50%, or the Prime Rate. The applicable margins vary depending on Company’s leverage ratio.

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The Company may prepay borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility revolving loan without penalty (subject to certain charges applicable to the prepayment of LIBOR borrowings prior to the end of the applicable interest period). Amounts prepaid may be re-borrowed so long as the total borrowings outstanding do not exceed the maximum principal available.

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On the terms and subject to some conditions, the Company may, at any time before the Maturity Date, request an increase of the total revolving loan commitment, provided that each such increase is equal to $15.0 million or an integral multiple of $1.0 million in excess and, after giving effect to the requested increase, the aggregate amount of the increases in the total revolving loan commitment shall not exceed $75.0 million.

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The Company is required to make principal payments on the amount of the Term Loans on each Term Loan Installment Date (last business day of each quarter, starting with the quarter ending December 31, 2019) in an amount equal to (x) the percentage set forth opposite the applicable year during which such Term Loan Installment Date occurs multiplied by (y) the Conversion Amount. The estimated amount of the mandatory principal payment due in the next twelve months is $25.0 million.

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In relation to the COVID-19 pandemic closure of the Company’s properties, the Company and the lender executed, on June 9, 2020, A Limited Waiver and Amendment to Credit Agreement.

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The lender agreed to waive any default or event of default under the Amended Credit Facility resulting from (i) the failure to have the Atlantis Casino Resort or the Monarch Casino Black Hawk open and operating during the period commencing on April 1, 2020 and ending on September 30, 2020; (ii) the construction of the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion being stopped at any time prior to September 30, 2020; and (iii) the occurrence of a material adverse change on or prior to September 30, 2020, as a result of a mandated business cessation order. The lender also agreed to waive any default on the financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility for a period commencing on April 1, 2020 and ending on September 29, 2020.

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The Amended Credit Facility was amended by adding a new definition, “Operational Liquidity”, to the Amended Credit facility. Operational Liquidity as defined is, as of any date of determination, the amount by which (a) (i) the Unused Revolving Commitment as of such date, plus (ii) cash (including cage cash) as of such date exceeds (b) (i) $24,000,000 minus (ii) any retainage costs with respect to the expansion project and any settlement or judgment under the PCL Litigation paid in cash; provided that from and after the Monarch Black Hawk expansion project completion date, the receipt of a final certificate of occupancy (or its local equivalent) for the expansion project and the final resolution or disposition of the PCL Litigation, the amount in clause (b) shall be deemed to be zero. The Borrowers shall not permit Operational Liquidity to be less than $25,000,000 at any time. In addition, any borrowing under the Amended Credit Facility, greater than $26,000,000 shall be used solely to pay retainage costs with respect to the Expansion Project and any settlement or judgment under the PCL Litigation.

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As a part of the limited waiver and amendment, for a period starting on June 9, 2020 until the first adjustment to occur after the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2020, the interest rate is set as LIBOR plus 2.50%, or a base rate plus 1.50% and the commitment fees are set at 0.45%.

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Monarch is in continuing discussions with its lenders regarding additional relief options and amendments of the Amended Credit Facility. Currently, the Company has a term sheet and firm commitment letters from all banks participating in the current lending group for refinancing, which will be completed upon signing of the documents and will increase our credit facility and extend the lending period.

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If negotiations to complete the refinancing are not successful, this could have a material adverse impact to the Company’s financial condition.

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The Company believes that the cash in its interest-bearing money market fund and the $34.0 million available under its Amended Credit Facility as of June 30, 2020 will be sufficient to support its current operations, meet its debt obligations and fulfill its capital expenditure plans for the twelve months from filing of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020; however, the Company is surrounded by uncertainty about COVID-19 and the reopening of its operations, as well as financial, economic, competitive, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond its control. If the Company is unable to generate sufficient cash flow in the upcoming months or if its cash needs exceed the Company’s borrowing capacity under the Amended Credit Facility, it could be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing, delaying or eliminating planned capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring debt or issuing additional equity.

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NOTE 7. TAXES

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For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s effective tax rate was 30.9% and 19.9%, respectively. The high effective tax benefit rate for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was a result of the high weight of excess tax benefit on stock option exercises on the provision for income taxes, as the suspension of the operations in mid-March due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a net loss for the three- and six-months ended June 30, 2020.

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Deferred tax assets were evaluated by considering historical levels of income, estimates of future taxable income and the impact of tax planning strategies.

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No uncertain tax positions were recorded as of June 30, 2020 and 2019. No change in uncertain tax positions is anticipated over the next twelve months.

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NOTE 8. STOCK REPURCHASE PLAN

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On October 22, 2014, the board of directors of Monarch authorized a stock repurchase plan (the “Repurchase Plan”). Under the Repurchase Plan, the board of directors authorized a program to repurchase up to 3,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time, in compliance with Rule 10b-18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other factors. The Repurchase Plan does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and the plan may be suspended at any time at the Company’s discretion, and it will continue until exhausted. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under the repurchase program will be determined by management at its discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of the Company’s stock, general market economic conditions and applicable legal requirements. The Company has made no purchases under the Repurchase Plan.

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NOTE 9. LEGAL MATTERS

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On August 30, 2019, PCL Construction Services, Inc. (“PCL”) filed a complaint in District Court, City and County of Denver, Colorado, against the Company and its Colorado subsidiaries, in connection with the Company’s expansion plans for Monarch Casino Black Hawk. The complaint alleges, among other things, the defendants breached the construction contract with PCL and certain implied warranties. On December 5, 2019, the Company filed its answer and counterclaim, which alleges, among other items, that PCL breached the construction contract, duties of good faith and fair dealing, and implied and express warranties, made fraudulent or negligent misrepresentations on which the Company and its Colorado subsidiaries relied, and included claims for monetary damages as well as equitable and declaratory relief.

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The court has set a trial date for May 17, 2021. Discovery in the action is in the preliminary stages, and we are currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome or reasonably estimate the loss or gain, if any.

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The Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.3 million in construction litigation expense relating to this lawsuit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, which are included in Other operating items, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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From time to time, we may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that the amount of any reasonably possible or probable loss for such other known matters would not have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions, cash flows or results of operations; however, the outcome of these actions is inherently difficult to predict.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Unless otherwise indicated, “Monarch,” “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

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STATEMENT ON FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

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This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) including, but not limited to (i) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our revenues, cash flows, liquidity, construction projects, results of operations and financial condition; (ii) our expectations regarding the return to normalized operations; (iii) our beliefs regarding the sufficiency of our cash and other financial resources; (iv) our expectations regarding discussions with our lenders about refinancing and/or additional relief options and steps under the Amended Credit Facility that may be requested in light of currently-changing circumstances, as well as our expectations regarding credit facility covenant compliance and our ability to continue to obtain necessary covenant waivers; (v) our expectations regarding changes in our operations and services relating to restrictions in occupancy and social distancing requirements; (vi) our beliefs regarding the effectiveness of the actions we've taken with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic and the quality of our properties as key factors in Monarch's long-term success; (vii) our expectations and beliefs concerning the project scope, timing for completion, receipt of all occupancy and other regulatory approvals for portion of the expansion project, impact of the ongoing construction litigation, budget and estimated costs, pre-opening expenses, transformative potential and our continued investment in our expansion project at the Monarch Casino Black Hawk (the "Monarch Black Hawk Expansion"); (viii) our expectations regarding financing of the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion; (ix) our expectations and intentions regarding the expenses, defenses and outcomes of the lawsuit filed by the construction project general contractor against us; (x) our expectations regarding our business prospects, strategies and outlook; (xi) our expectations regarding the positioning of our properties to benefit from future macro and local economic growth; (xii) our expectations regarding future capital requirements; (xiii) our anticipated sources of funds and adequacy of such funds to meet our debt obligations and capital requirements; and (xiv) our expectations regarding legal and other matters. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements. We note that many factors could cause our actual results and experience to change significantly from the anticipated results or expectations expressed in our forward-looking statements. When words and expressions such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “plans,” “intends,” “objectives,” “goals,” “aims,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “possible,” “seeks,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “might,” “likely,” “enable,” or similar words or expressions are used in this Form 10-Q, as well as statements containing phrases such as “in our view,” “we cannot assure you,” “although no assurance can be given,” or “there is no way to anticipate with certainty,” forward-looking statements are being made.

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Various risks and uncertainties may affect the operation, performance, development and results of our business and could cause future outcomes to change significantly from those set forth in our forward-looking statements, including the following factors:

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We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of future developments, events or conditions, except as required by law. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ significantly from those forecast in any forward-looking statements.

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OVERVIEW

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Monarch was incorporated in the state of Nevada in 1993. We own and operate the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa, a hotel and casino in Reno, Nevada (the “Atlantis”) and Monarch Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, a casino in Black Hawk, Colorado. In addition, we own separate parcels of land located next to the Atlantis and a parcel of land with an industrial warehouse located between Denver, Colorado and Monarch Casino Black Hawk. We also own Chicago Dogs Eatery, Inc. and Monarch Promotional Association, both of which were formed in relation to licensure requirements for extended hours of liquor operation in Black Hawk, Colorado.

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We earn revenues, operating income and cash flow from Atlantis and Monarch Casino Black Hawk, primarily through our casino, food and beverage operations and, at Atlantis, our hotel operations. The Monarch Casino Black Hawk does not have a hotel; however, we are in the process of renovations and construction that will include a hotel. We focus on delivering exceptional service and value to our guests. Our hands-on management style focuses on exceptional customer services and cost efficiencies.

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Atlantis: Our business strategy is to maximize revenues, operating income and cash flow primarily through our casino, food and beverage operations and hotel operations. We continuously upgrade our property. With quality gaming, hotel and dining products, we believe the Atlantis is well positioned to benefit from future macro and local economic growth, as well as for possible adverse macro-economic conditions.

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Monarch Casino Black Hawk: Since the acquisition of Monarch Casino Black Hawk in April 2012, our focus has been to maximize casino and food and beverage revenues while upgrading the existing facility and working on the major expansion. There is currently no hotel on the property. In August 2015, we completed the redesign and upgrade of the existing Monarch Casino Black Hawk, bringing to the facility’s interior the same quality, ambiance and finishes of the ongoing master planned expansion that we expect will transform Monarch Casino Black Hawk into a full-scale casino resort. In the fourth quarter of 2013, we began work on the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion. In November 2016, we opened our elegant nine-story parking facility with about 1,350 spaces for guest use. Construction of a new hotel tower and casino expansion on the site where the old parking structure was sitting is under way. (See CAPITAL SPENDING AND DEVELOPMENT – Monarch Black Hawk Expansion). Once completed, the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion will nearly double the casino space and will add a 23-story hotel tower with approximately 500 guest rooms and suites, an upscale spa and pool facility, three additional restaurants (increasing the total to four), additional bars and associated support facilities. Based on the current construction progress, the Company anticipates that the podium, which includes the expanded casino, restaurants, hotel administration, and lounges, as well as some hotel floors, will open in the third quarter of 2020 and the balance of the hotel tower will open in the fourth quarter of 2020.

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KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

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We use certain Key Performance Indicators (“KPI”) to manage our operation and measure our performance.

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Gaming revenue KPI: Our management reviews on a consistent basis the volume metrics and hold percentage metrics for each gaming area. The main volume measurements are slot coin-in, table games drop, sportsbook write and keno write. Slot coin-in represents the dollar amount wagered in slot machines, including free promotional wagers. Table games drop represents the total amount of cash and net markers deposited in the table drop box. Keno write and sportsbook write represents the dollar amount wagered at our counters, along with sportsbook write made through our mobile wagering system. Volume metrics are important in managing the business, as our gaming win is affected by actual hold percentage, which in general varies from the expected hold percentage and historical hold percentage. Gaming win represents the amount of wagers retained by us. Hold percentage represents win as a percentage of slot coin-in, table game drop, sportsbook write, or keno write. Our win and hold percentages are calculated before discounts, commissions, deferring revenue associated with our loyalty programs and allocating casino revenues related to goods and services provided to patrons on a complimentary basis.

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Food and Beverage revenue KPI: The main KPIs in managing our food and beverage operations are covers and average revenue per cover. A cover represents the number of guests served and is an indicator of volume. Average revenue per cover represents the average amount spent per food and beverage outlets’ served guests. Changes in the average revenue per cover might be an indicator for changes in menu offerings, changes in menu prices or may indicate changes in our guests’ preferences and purchasing habits.

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Hotel revenue KPI: The main KPIs used in managing our hotel operation are the occupancy rate (a volume indicator), which is the average percentage of available hotel rooms occupied during a period, and the average daily rate (“ADR”, a price indicator), which is the average price per sold room. Available rooms exclude those rooms unavailable for occupancy during the period due to renovation, development, or other requirements. Sold rooms include rooms where the guests do not show up for their stay and lose their deposit. The calculations of the occupancy rate and ADR include the impact of rooms provided on a complimentary basis. Revenue per available room ("RevPAR") represents total hotel revenue per available room and is a representation of the occupancy rate, ADR and miscellaneous hotel sales.

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Operating margins: Our management is consistently focused on controlling expenses and finding cost savings, without affecting the quality of the product we offer and our guests’ services and experience. We measure our performance using expense margin, which is a percentage of direct expenses, including labor cost of product and any other operating expenses related to the gaming, food and beverage, or hotel operation to the net gaming, food and beverage, or hotel revenues. Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) margin represents SG&A expenses for a period as a percentage of total net revenue for a period. In managing the food and beverage operation we use Cost Of Goods Sold (“COGS”) percentage, which represents a percentage of product cost to the food and beverage revenue and is a measurement of commodity prices and menu sales prices.

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Our management evaluates the KPI as compared to prior periods, the peer group, or market, as well as for any trends.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Monarch operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 were significantly impacted by the unprecedented government-mandated closure of our Nevada and Colorado properties in response to the COVID 19 pandemic, which lasted approximately three months.

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In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the rapidly growing COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic. On March 16, 2020, in an effort to contain the virus, the state of Colorado mandated a temporary shutdown of all casinos including Monarch Casino Black Hawk and, on March 17, 2020, the state of Nevada mandated the temporary closure of all casinos including the Atlantis in Reno.

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Our Nevada and Colorado properties reopened with limited operations on June 4, 2020 and June 17, 2020, respectively. The poker room and buffet at Atlantis have not yet resumed operations. At our Colorado property, table games have not yet resumed operations and our buffet is temporarily being operated as a table-service restaurant. Additionally, changes were made from routine operations relating to restrictions in occupancy and social distancing requirements, which include reduced seating at table games at Atlantis and in all restaurants, and a decreased number of active slot machines on the casino floors. We have experienced hotel stay and convention booking cancelations, and since the reopening, guest visitation and hotel and convention bookings have been lower than prior to the state-mandated closures, and are expected to remain lower for the near future.

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Despite a strong reopening, we are operating in an environment of high uncertainty and there may be additional government restrictions placed on all of our services, such as gaming, restaurants, spas and salons, entertainment venues and convention and meeting space, which could lead to lower demand and revenue. Such restrictions could also increase our costs, further decrease our operating margins and have a material adverse effect on our operations, cash flows and financial results.

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While we have incurred significant disruptions from the COVID-19 outbreak, we are unable to accurately predict the full impact that COVID-19 will have due to numerous uncertainties, including the severity of the disease, the possibility of the outbreak levels seen to return, the impact on demand following the reopening of our casinos, and other actions or restrictions that may be taken by governmental authorities, the impact to the general U.S economy and to our customers and other factors identified in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of the impact to our business, consolidated results of operations, and financial condition.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Three-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

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For the three months ended June 30, 2020, our net loss totaled $4.3 million, or $(0.24) per diluted share, compared to net income of $9.3 million, or $0.50 per diluted share for the same period in 2019, reflecting a 146.8% and 148.0% decrease in net (loss) income and diluted (losses) earnings per share, respectively. Net revenues in the three months ended June 30, 2020, totaled $15.2 million, a decrease of $47.6 million, or 75.9%, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2019. Loss from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2020 totaled $5.5 million compared to 11.6 million for the same period in 2019.

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Casino revenue decreased 69.8% in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the second quarter of 2019 which was driven by the COVID-19 outbreak. Gaming operations were suspended more than two thirds of the second quarter of 2020. Casino operating expense as a percentage of casino revenue decreased to 26.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to 34.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as a result of effective cost management.

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Food and beverage revenue for the second quarter of 2020 decreased 83.9% compared to the second quarter of 2019 due to an 88.8% decrease in food and beverage covers, as a result of the pandemic related suspension of our food and beverage operations during the majority of the quarter. Food and beverage revenue per cover increased year-over-year by a 43.6%. Food and beverage operating expense as a percentage of food and beverage revenue increased in the second quarter of 2020 to 96.6% compared to 79.6% for the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of a decrease in revenue due to the COVID-19 pandemic-related shutdown of our operations and an increase in labor expenses as a percentage of revenue.

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Hotel revenue decreased 83.3% in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the second quarter of 2019 due to the suspension of our hotel operations during the majority of the quarter and lower hotel occupancy of 61.3% during the period the hotel was opened in the second quarter of 2020 compared to 88.3% during the second quarter of 2019. The ADR decreased $28.87, from $129.91 in the second quarter of 2019 to $101.04 in the second quarter of 2020. REVPAR, calculated by dividing total hotel revenue by total rooms available, was $66.65 and $118.34 for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Hotel operating expense as a percentage of hotel revenue increased to 61.8% in the second quarter of 2020 compared to 39.1% for the comparable prior year period primarily as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic related shutdown of our operations.

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Other revenue decreased 71.8% in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the same prior year period.

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Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense decreased to $8.9 million in the second quarter of 2020 from $16.5 million in the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to cost mitigation measures implemented during the closure of our properties, including the temporary furlough of approximately 90% of the Company’s employees, a 50% reduction of executives’ salaries, and the CEO and board members having forgone all cash compensation. As a percentage of net revenue, SG&A expense increased to 58.5% in the second quarter of 2020 compared to 26.3% in the same period in 2019.

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Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $3.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $3.7 million for the same prior year period, due to new assets placed into service during the current quarter.

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During the second quarter of 2020, we recognized $0.2 million in pre-opening expense related to the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion project, $0.2 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation, $0.5 million in Colorado legislation lobbying expenses and $0.3 million in equipment, supplies and employee testing expenses directly attributable to the pandemic for reopening of the properties and incremental to normal operations. During the second quarter of 2019, we recognized $0.2 million in pre-opening expense related to the upcoming opening of the new hotel and expanded casino in Black Hawk. These expenses are included in Other operating items, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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During each of the second quarters of 2020 and 2019, we capitalized $1.4 million of interest, which is all interest, paid and accrued during those quarters, as the borrowings on our Amended Credit Facility were exclusively used to finance the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion. See further discussion of our Amended Credit Facility in the LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES section below.

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Comparison of Operating Results for the Six-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

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For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we had a net loss of $2.3 million, or $(0.13) per diluted share, compared to net income of $16.3 million, or $0.88 per diluted share for the same period in 2019, reflecting a 114.3% and 114.8% decrease in net income and diluted earnings per share, respectively. Net revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2020, totaled $66.2 million, a decrease of $55.3 million, or 45.5%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2019. Loss from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 totaled a $3.4 million compared to $20.4 million income from operations for the same period in 2019.

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Casino revenue decreased 40.2% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the first six months of 2019 and was driven by the COVID-19 outbreak, which culminated in a suspension of our operations in mid-March 2020, partially offset by an increase in guests’ spend per visit during the first two months of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. Casino operating expense as a percentage of casino revenue decreased to 33.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to 35.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

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Food and beverage revenue for the first six months of 2020 decreased 50.5% compared to the 2019 same period due to a 57.0% decrease in food and beverage covers, partially offset by a 14.9% increase in food and beverage revenue per cover. Food and beverage operating expense as a percentage of food and beverage revenue increased in the first six months of 2020 to 86.8% compared to 79.4% for the same period in 2019 primarily as a result of the decline in casino revenue due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent shutdown of our operations for approximately three months.

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Hotel revenue decreased 54.4% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the first six months of 2019 due to the pandemic related hotel shutdown for approximately three months and the decrease in hotel occupancy to 71.8% during the period the hotel was open compared to 86.3% occupancy during the first six months of 2019, combined with a $5.33 decrease in ADR, from $126.06 in the first six months of 2019 to $120.73 in the first six months of 2020. REVPAR was $91.85 and $116.53 for the period the hotel was open in the first six months ended June 30, 2020 and for the six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Hotel operating expense as a percentage of hotel revenue increased to 49.4% in the first six months of 2020 compared to 38.0% for the comparable prior year period primarily as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent shutdown of our operations.

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Other revenue decreased 45.5% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same prior year period.

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SG&A expense decreased to $26.1 million in the first six months of 2020 from $33.0 million in the first six months of 2019 primarily due to the COVID-19 shutdown and the related cost mitigation measures taken by management. As a percentage of net revenue, SG&A expense increased to 39.4% in the first six months of 2020 compared to 27.1% in the same period in 2019.

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Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $7.3 million for the same prior year period, due to new assets placed into service during the six-month period.

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During the first six months of 2020, we recognized $1.0 million in pre-opening expense related to the upcoming opening of the new hotel and expanded casino in Black Hawk, $0.3 million in construction litigation expense related to the lawsuit filed by the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion construction project general contractor against the Company, $0.8 million Colorado in legislation lobbing expenses and $0.3 in million equipment, supplies and employee testing expenses directly attributable to the pandemic for reopening of the properties and incremental to normal operations. During the first six months of 2019, we recognized $0.6 million in pre-opening expense related to the upcoming opening of the new hotel and expanded casino in Black Hawk. Those expenses are included in Other operating items, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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During the first six months of 2020 and 2019, we capitalized $3.2 million and $2.6 million of interest, respectively, which is all interest, paid and accrued during those periods, as the borrowings on our Amended Credit Facility were exclusively used to finance the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion. See further discussion of our Amended Credit Facility in the LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES section below.

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CAPITAL SPENDING AND DEVELOPMENT

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We seek to continually upgrade and maintain our facilities in order to present a fresh, high quality product to our guests. In addition, we have invested, and continue to invest, in our Monarch Black Hawk Expansion.

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Cash paid for capital expenditures for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 totaled approximately $22.6 million and $73.6 million, respectively. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2020 our capital expenditures related primarily to the new hotel tower and casino expansion at Monarch Casino Black Hawk and the acquisition of gaming and other equipment to upgrade and replace existing equipment at Atlantis and Monarch Casino Black Hawk. The capital expenditures during this period were funded from available cash and cash equivalents. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, our capital expenditures related primarily to the new hotel tower and casino expansion at Monarch Casino Black Hawk, the renovation of hotel suites at Atlantis and the acquisition of gaming and other equipment to upgrade and replace existing equipment at Atlantis and Monarch Casino Black Hawk. The capital expenditures during this period were funded from operating cash flows, available cash and cash equivalents and borrowings from the credit facility.

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Monarch Black Hawk Expansion

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In the fourth quarter of 2013, we began work to convert the Monarch Casino Black Hawk into a full-scale casino resort (the “Monarch Black Hawk Expansion”).

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The Monarch Black Hawk Expansion includes a multi-phased expansion of Monarch Casino Black Hawk, which involves construction of a new parking structure, demolition of the existing parking structure, and construction of a new hotel tower and casino expansion. In November 2016, the new nine-story parking structure, offering approximately 1,350 parking spaces, was completed and became available for use by Monarch Casino Black Hawk guests. The demolition and removal of the old parking structure, which included a controlled implosion of the old garage, was completed in the first quarter of 2017.

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On February 8, 2017, we broke ground on the hotel tower and casino expansion. The new 23-story tower will nearly double the existing casino space and will include approximately 500 hotel rooms, an upscale spa and pool facility, three additional restaurants and additional bars. Our total overall budget for the completion of the Monarch Casino Black Hawk hotel tower and casino expansion is approximately $264 million to $269 million. Based on the current construction progress, we anticipate that the podium, which includes the expanded casino, restaurants, hotel administration, and lounges, as well as some hotel floors, will open in the third quarter of 2020 and the balance of the hotel tower will open in the fourth quarter of 2020.

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We expect to finance the cost through a combination of operating cash flows, available cash and cash equivalents and the Amended Credit Facility. We can provide no assurance that any project will be completed on schedule, if at all, or within established budgets, or that any project will result in increased earnings to us. Further, although we intend to seek recovery from our general contractor through the current litigation, we may be required to fund certain costs of correcting construction defects and deficiencies until, and if, recovered from the general contractor.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

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Our principal sources of liquidity have been cash provided by operations, and available cash and cash equivalents, and, for capital expansion projects, borrowings available under our Amended Credit Facility. On June 4, 2020, Atlantis Casino Resort Spa re-opened, after approximately two and a half months of closure ordered by the Nevada governor in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed limited operations. On June 17, 2020, Monarch Casino Black Hawk, re-opened, after approximately three months of closure ordered by the Colorado governor in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed limited operations.

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For the six months ended June 30, 2020, net cash used in operating activities totaled $10.0 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $31.7 million in the same prior year period. This decrease was primarily a result of a decrease in net income combined with an increase in working capital, especially a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses.

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Net cash used in investing activities totaled $22.6 million and $73.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2020 consisted primarily of cash used for the new hotel tower and casino expansion at Monarch Casino Black Hawk and for acquisition of gaming and other equipment at both properties. Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2019 consisted primarily of cash used for the new hotel tower and casino expansion at Monarch Casino Black Hawk, for the renovation of hotel suites at Atlantis and for acquisition of gaming and other equipment at both properties.

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Net cash provided by financing activities in the first six months of 2020 totaled $10.4 million and consisted of $16 million borrowing under the Amended Credit Facility revolving loan, offset by $5.0 million mandatory principal payment to the Amended Credit Facility term loan, as well as a $0.6 million effect from the stock options net exercise. In the first six months of 2019, we borrowed $38.0 million under the Amended Credit Facility. The borrowings were used to fund the Monarch Casino Black Hawk Expansion.

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Amended Credit Facility

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On July 20, 2016, the Company entered into an Amended Credit Facility. Under the Amended Credit Facility, the Company’s available borrowing capacity was $250.0 million, and the maturity date was July 20, 2021.

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At December 31, 2019, the total revolving loan commitment under the Amended Credit Facility was automatically and permanently reduced to $50.0 million and all $200.0 million outstanding under the revolving loan was converted to a term loan. Prior to the conversion, we drew all available borrowings up to $200.0 million. Following the conversion to a term loan, on December 31, 2019, we made a $3.8 million mandatory principal payment.

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As of June 30, 2020, the Company had an outstanding principal balance of $191.3 million under the Amended Credit Facility term loan. As of June 30, 2020, the Company had $16.0 million outstanding and $34 million remaining in available borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility revolving loan. The Company has a $0.6 million Standby Letter of Credit, from which there have been no withdrawals.

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Borrowings are secured by liens on substantially all of the Company’s real and personal property.

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In addition to other customary covenants for a facility of this nature, as of June 30, 2020, we are required to maintain a Total Leverage Ratio (Total Funded Debt divided by EBITDA, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) of no more than 3.5:1 and a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (EBITDA divided by fixed charges, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) of at least 1.15:1. As of June 30, 2020, our Total Leverage Ratio and Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio were 5.2:1 and 1.7:1, respectively.

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The interest rate under the Amended Credit Facility is LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.00% to 2.50%, or a base rate (as defined in the Amended Credit Facility) plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 1.50%, or the Prime Rate. The applicable margins vary depending on Company’s leverage ratio.

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We may prepay borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility revolving loan without penalty (subject to certain charges applicable to the prepayment of LIBOR borrowings prior to the end of the applicable interest period). Amounts prepaid may be re-borrowed so long as the total borrowings outstanding do not exceed the maximum principal available.

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On the terms and subject to some conditions, we may, at any time before the Maturity Date, request an increase of the total revolving loan commitment, provided that each such increase is equal to $15.0 million or an integral multiple of $1.0 million in excess and, after giving effect to the requested increase, the aggregate amount of the increases in the total revolving loan commitment shall not exceed $75.0 million.

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We are required to make principal payments on the amount of the term loans on each Term Loan Installment Date (last business day of each quarter, starting with the quarter ending December 31, 2019) in an amount equal to (x) the percentage set forth opposite the applicable year during which such Term Loan Installment Date occurs multiplied by (y) the Conversion Amount. The estimated amount of the mandatory principal payment due in the next twelve months is $25.0 million.

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In relation to the COVID-19 pandemic closure of our properties, the Company and the lender executed, on June 9, 2020, Limited Waiver and Amendment to Credit Agreement.

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The lender agreed to waive any default or event of default under the Amended Credit Facility resulting from (i) the failure to have the Atlantis Casino Resort or the Monarch Casino Black Hawk open and operating during the period commencing on April 1, 2020 and ending on September 30, 2020; (ii) the construction of the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion being stopped at any time prior to September 30, 2020; and (iii) the occurrence of a material adverse change on or prior to September 30, 2020, as a result of a mandated business cessation order. The lender also agreed to waive any default on the financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility for a period commencing on April 1, 2020 and ending on September 29, 2020.

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The Amended Credit Facility was amended by adding a new definition, “Operational Liquidity”, to the Amended Credit Facility. Operational Liquidity as defined is, as of any date of determination, the amount by which (a) (i) the Unused Revolving Commitment as of such date, plus (ii) cash (including cage cash) as of such date exceeds (b) (i) $24,000,000 minus (ii) any retainage costs with respect to the expansion project and any settlement or judgment under the PCL Litigation paid in cash; provided that from and after the expansion project completion date, the receipt of a final certificate of occupancy (or its local equivalent) for the expansion project and the final resolution or disposition of the PCL Litigation, the amount in this clause (b) shall be deemed to be zero. The Borrowers shall not permit Operational Liquidity to be less than $25,000,000 at any time. In addition, any borrowing under the Amended Credit Facility, greater than $26,000,000 shall be used solely to pay retainage costs with respect to the Expansion Project and any settlement or judgment under the PCL Litigation.

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As a part of the limited waiver and amendment, for a period starting on June 9, 2020 until the first adjustment to occur after the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2020, the interest rate is set as LIBOR plus 2.50%, or base rate plus 1.50% and the commitment fees are set at 0.45%.

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We are in continuing discussions with our lenders regarding additional relief options and amendments of the Amended Credit Facility. Currently, we have a term sheet and firm commitment letters from all banks participating in the current lending group for refinancing, which will be completed upon signing of the documents and will increase our credit facility and extend the lending period.

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If negotiations for the refinancing are not successful, this could have a material adverse impact to the Company’s financial condition.

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We believe that the $18.7 million cash in our interest-bearing money market fund and the $34.0 million available under our Amended Credit Facility as of June 30, 2020, as well as anticipated operating cash flow, will be sufficient to sustain operations for the twelve months from filing of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020 and fulfill our capital expenditure plans. However, we are surrounded by uncertainty about COVID-19, as well as financial, economic, competitive, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow in the upcoming months or if our cash needs exceed our borrowing capacity under the Amended Credit Facility, we could be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing, delaying or eliminating planned capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring debt or issuing additional equity.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

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A description of our critical accounting policies and estimates can be found in Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2019 Form 10-K. For a more extensive discussion of our accounting policies, see Note 1. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2019 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 12, 2020.

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

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Our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2020 and the next five years and thereafter are as follow (in millions):

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As described in the “CAPITAL SPENDING AND DEVELOPMENT” section above, we commenced a substantial expansion of our Monarch Casino Black Hawk facility starting in 2014. While we have disclosed the estimated cost of that expansion, we have not entered into contracts for substantial portions of the work. For this reason, we have included in the table above only the amounts for which we have contractual commitments. At June 30, 2020, we estimate that the remaining cost to complete the Monarch Black Hawk Expansion is between $9 million and $16 million.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

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Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Our current primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk relating to the impact of interest rate movements under our Amended Credit Facility.

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As of June 30, 2020, we had $207.3 million of outstanding balance under our Amended Credit Facility which bears interest at variable rates. A hypothetical 1% increase in the interest rate on the balance outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility at June 30, 2020 would result in a change in our annual interest cost of approximately $2.1 million. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further discussion of our Amended Credit Facility and capital structure.

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We have not entered into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

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We do not have any cash or cash equivalents as of June 30, 2020 that are subject to market risk.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

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As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Evaluation Date”), an evaluation was carried out by our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Accounting Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined by Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based upon the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Accounting Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the Evaluation Date. During the quarter ended June 30, 2020, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

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ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

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On August 30, 2019, PCL Construction Services, Inc. (“PCL”) filed a complaint in District Court, City and County of Denver, Colorado, against the Company and its Colorado subsidiaries, in connection with the Company’s expansion plans for Monarch Casino Black Hawk. The complaint alleges, among other things, the defendants breached the construction contract with PCL and certain implied warranties. On December 5, 2019, the Company filed its answer and counterclaim, which alleges, among other items, that PCL breached the construction contract, duties of good faith and fair dealing, and implied and express warranties, made fraudulent or negligent misrepresentations on which the Company and its Colorado subsidiaries relied, and included claims for monetary damages as well as equitable and declaratory relief.

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The court has set a trial date for May 17, 2021. Discovery in the action is in the preliminary stages, and we are currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome or reasonably estimate the loss or gain, if any.

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From time to time, we may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that the amount of any reasonably possible or probable loss for such other known matters would not have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions, cash flows or results of operations; however, the outcome of these actions is inherently difficult to predict.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

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In addition to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, the following risk factor was identified:

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The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted and is expected to continue to disrupt our business operations, which could have a material adverse impact on our businesses, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition for an extended period of time.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures to prevent its spread are expected to continue to impact our financial and operational results, operations, cash flows and liquidity.

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We expect the impact of these disruptions, including the extent of their adverse impact on our financial and operational results, will be dictated by the length of time that such disruptions continue. We were allowed to open the Atlantis on June 4, 2020, and Monarch Black Hawk Casino on June 17, 2020. We cannot predict whether there will be a subsequent closing order due to pandemic spikes or other reasons or whether additional or changed conditions upon which these re-openings may occur or continue, nor the effects of any such conditions. Even once travel, social distancing and self-quarantine restrictions are modified or cease to be necessary, demand for our properties may remain weak for a significant length of time and we cannot predict if and when the gaming and non-gaming activities of our properties will return to pre-outbreak levels of volume or pricing. In particular, future demand for properties may be negatively impacted by the adverse changes in the perceived or actual economic climate, including higher unemployment rates, declines in income levels and loss of personal wealth or reduced business spending for meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions resulting from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Our businesses would also be impacted should the disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic lead to prolonged changes in consumer behavior and could impact our current construction project at Monarch Casino Black Hawk. There are certain limitations on our ability to mitigate the adverse financial impact of these matters, such as the fixed costs at our properties. The COVID-19 pandemic also makes it more challenging for management to estimate the future performance of our businesses, particularly over the near to medium term. Any of these events may continue to disrupt our ability to staff our business adequately, could continue to generally disrupt our operations or construction projects and, if the global response to contain the COVID-19 pandemic escalates or is unsuccessful, would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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If we are required to raise additional capital in the future, our access to and cost of financing will depend on, among other things, global economic conditions, conditions in the global financing markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, our prospects and our credit ratings. If our credit ratings were to be downgraded, or general market conditions were to ascribe higher risk to our rating levels, our industry, or us, our access to capital and the cost of any debt financing would be further negatively impacted. In addition, the terms of future debt agreements could include more restrictive covenants, or require incremental collateral, which may further restrict our business operations or be unavailable due to our covenant restrictions then in effect. There is no guarantee that debt financings will be available in the future to fund our obligations, or that they will be available on terms consistent with our expectations. Our current debt service obligations contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, and the Amended Credit Facility contains various financial covenants. We have entered into a waiver and amendment letter with our lenders to waive certain of our obligations through September 29, 2020. In addition, our lenders have granted us a waiver of the mandatory principal payment, which was due on March 31, 2020 in the amount of $5.0 million. While we are in continuing discussions with our lenders regarding additional relief options under the Amended Credit Facility that may be requested in light of currently-changing circumstances, we cannot assure you that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will not cause us to no longer be able to comply with the financial covenants in the future, nor can we assure you that we would be able to obtain further waivers or modifications from our lenders in the event of noncompliance in the future.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had and will continue to have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our future results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

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We encourage investors to review the risks and uncertainties relating to our business disclosed under the heading Risk Factors or otherwise in the 2019 Form 10-K, as well as those contained in Part I - Forward-Looking Statements thereof, as revised or supplemented by our Quarterly Reports filed with the SEC since the filing of the 2019 Form 10-K.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

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