MOODYS CORP /DE/ - Quarter Report: 2023 June (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


Form			10-Q

(Mark one)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-14037

____________________

Moody’s Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware									13-3998945
(State of Incorporation)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

7 World Trade Center at 250 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10007

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(212) 553-0300

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

MCO

New York Stock Exchange

1.75% Senior Notes Due 2027

MCO 27

New York Stock Exchange

0.950% Senior Notes Due 2030

MCO 30

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:


Shares Outstanding at June 30, 2023
183.5 million

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	MOODY’S CORPORATION INDEX TO FORM 10-Q
		Page(s)
	Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations	3-6
	PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	7
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	8
	Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	9
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	10
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the Three Months Ended and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	11-14
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	15-41
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	The Company	42
	Sustainability	42-43
	Current Matters Impacting Moody's Business	43

	Reportable Segments	43
	Results of Operations	44-71
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	71-76
	Recently Issued Accounting Standards	76
	Contingencies	76

	Forward-Looking Statements	77-78
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	78
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	78
	PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	79
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	79
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	79
Item 5.	Other Information	79
Item 6.	Exhibits	80

SIGNATURES

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

The following terms, abbreviations and acronyms are used to identify frequently used terms in this report:


TERM			DEFINITION


Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expense			Amortization of definite-lived intangible assets acquired by the Company from all business combination transactions

Adjusted Diluted EPS			Diluted EPS excluding the impact of certain items as detailed in the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”
Adjusted Net Income			Net Income excluding the impact of certain items as detailed in the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”
Adjusted Operating Income			Operating income excluding the impact of certain items as detailed in the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures”
Adjusted Operating Margin			Adjusted Operating Income divided by revenue
Americas			Represents countries within North and South America, excluding the U.S.

AOCI(L)			Accumulated other comprehensive income/loss; a separate component of shareholders’ equity
ARR			Annualized Recurring Revenue; a supplemental performance metric to provide additional insight on the estimated value of MA's recurring revenue contracts at a given point in time, excluding the impact of FX and contracts related to acquisitions
ASC			The FASB Accounting Standards Codification; the sole source of authoritative GAAP as of July 1, 2009 except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC, which are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants
Asia-Pacific			Represents Australia and countries in Asia including but not limited to: China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand
ASR			Accelerated Share Repurchase
ASU			The FASB Accounting Standards Update to the ASC. Provides background information for accounting guidance and the bases for conclusions on the changes in the ASC. ASUs are not considered authoritative until codified into the ASC
BitSight			A provider that helps global market participants understand cyber risk through ratings, analytics, and performance management tools
Board			The board of directors of the Company
BPS			Basis points



CCXI			China Cheng Xin International Credit Rating Co. Ltd.; China’s first and largest domestic credit rating agency approved by the People’s Bank of China; currently Moody’s owns 30% of CCXI
CDP			Carbon Disclosure Project; an international nonprofit organization that helps companies, cities, states and regions manage their environmental impact through a global disclosure system
CFG			Corporate finance group; an LOB of MIS

CMBS			Commercial mortgage-backed securities; an asset class within SFG
COLI			Corporate-Owned Life Insurance

Common Stock			The Company’s common stock
Company			Moody’s Corporation and its subsidiaries; MCO; Moody’s


COVID-19			An outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus resulting in an international public health crisis and a global pandemic
CP			Commercial Paper
CP Program			A program entered into on August 3, 2016 allowing the Company to privately place CP up to a maximum of $1 billion for which the maturity may not exceed 397 days from the date of issue, and which is backstopped by the 2021 Facility


Data and Information (D&I)			LOB within MA which provides vast data sets on companies and securities via data feeds and data applications products

Decision Solutions (DS)			LOB within MA that provides SaaS solutions supporting banking, insurance, and KYC workflows. This LOB utilizes components from the Data & Information and Research & Insights LOBs to provide risk assessment solutions

EMEA			Represents countries within Europe, the Middle East and Africa
EPS			Earnings per share

ESG			Environmental, Social, and Governance

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TERM			DEFINITION
ESTR			Euro Short-Term Rate
ETR			Effective tax rate
EU			European Union

EURIBOR			The Euro Interbank Offered Rate
Excess Tax Benefits			The difference between the tax benefit realized at exercise of an option or delivery of a restricted share and the tax benefit recorded at the time the option or restricted share is expensed under GAAP
Exchange Act			The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
External Revenue			Revenue excluding any intersegment amounts
FASB			Financial Accounting Standards Board
FIG			Financial institutions group; an LOB of MIS

Free Cash Flow			Net cash provided by operating activities less cash paid for capital additions

FX			Foreign exchange
GAAP			U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
GBP			British pounds
GCR			Global Credit Rating Company Limited; a credit rating agency in Africa with operations spanning the continent, including in South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Kenya, and Mauritius
GDP			Gross domestic product
GRI			Global Reporting Initiative; an international independent standards organization that helps organizations understand and disclose their impact on climate change, human rights and corruption
ICRA			ICRA Limited; a provider of credit ratings and research in India







kompany			360kompany AG (kompany); a Vienna, Austria-based platform for business verification and Know Your Customer (KYC) technology solutions, acquired by the Company in February 2022

KYC			Know-your-customer
LIBOR			London Interbank Offered Rate
LOB			Line of business
MA			Moody’s Analytics - a reportable segment of MCO which provides a wide range of products and services that support financial analysis and risk management activities of institutional participants in global financial markets; consists of three LOBs - Decision Solutions; Research and Insights; and Data and Information

MAKS			Moody’s Analytics Knowledge Services; formerly known as Copal Amba; provided offshore research and analytic services to the global financial and corporate sectors; business was divested in the fourth quarter of 2019 and was formerly a reporting unit within the MA reportable segment

MCO			Moody’s Corporation and its subsidiaries; the Company; Moody’s
MD&A			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MIS			Moody’s Investors Service - a reportable segment of MCO; consists of five LOBs - SFG; CFG; FIG; PPIF; and MIS Other
MIS Other			Consists of financial instruments pricing services in the Asia-Pacific region, ICRA non-ratings revenue, and revenue from professional services. These businesses are components of MIS; MIS Other is an LOB of MIS
Moody’s			Moody’s Corporation and its subsidiaries; MCO; the Company
MSS			Moody's Shared Services; primarily consists of information technology and support staff such as finance, human resources and legal that support both MA and MIS


Net Income			Net income attributable to Moody’s Corporation, which excludes net income from consolidated noncontrolling interests belonging to the minority interest holder


NM			Percentage change is not meaningful
Non-GAAP			A financial measure not in accordance with GAAP; these measures, when read in conjunction with the Company’s reported results, can provide useful supplemental information for investors analyzing period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s performance, facilitate comparisons to competitors’ operating results and to provide greater transparency to investors of supplemental information used by management in its financial and operational decision making

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TERM			DEFINITION
NRSRO			Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization, which is a credit rating agency registered with the SEC



Operating segment			Term defined in the ASC relating to segment reporting; the ASC defines an operating segment as a component of a business entity that has each of the three following characteristics: i) the component engages in business activities from which it may recognize revenue and incur expenses; ii) the operating results of the component are regularly reviewed by the entity’s chief operating decision maker; and iii) discrete financial information about the component is available


PPIF			Public, project and infrastructure finance; an LOB of MIS







Recurring Revenue			For MA, represents subscription-based revenue and software maintenance revenue. For MIS, represents recurring monitoring fees of a rated debt obligation and/or entities that issue such obligations, as well as revenue from programs such as commercial paper, medium-term notes and shelf registrations. For MIS Other, represents subscription-based revenue




Reporting unit			The level at which Moody’s evaluates its goodwill for impairment under U.S. GAAP; defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment
Research and Insights (R&I)			LOB within MA that provides models, scores, expert insights and commentary. This LOB includes credit research; credit models and analytics; economics data and models; and structured finance solutions


RMBS			Residential mortgage-backed securities; an asset class within SFG

RMS			A global provider of climate and natural disaster risk modeling and analytics; acquired by the Company in September 2021
SaaS			Software-as-a-Service

SASB			Sustainability Accounting Standards Board
SEC			U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

SFG			Structured finance group; an LOB of MIS
SG&A			Selling, general and administrative expenses
SOFR			Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Tax Act			The “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” enacted into U.S. law on December 22, 2017 which significantly amends the tax code in the U.S.
TCFD			Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures
Total Debt			All indebtedness of the Company as reflected on the consolidated balance sheets
Transaction Revenue			For MA, represents perpetual software license fees and revenue from software implementation services, risk management advisory projects, and training and certification services. For MIS (excluding MIS Other), represents the initial rating of a new debt issuance as well as other one-time fees. For MIS Other, represents revenue from professional services.
U.K.			United Kingdom
U.S.			United States
USD			U.S. dollar
UTPs			Uncertain tax positions

WEF			World Economic Forum; an independent international organization for public-private cooperation that engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas








2001 Plan			2001 Moody's Corporation Key Employees' Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated December 20, 2022
2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program			Restructuring program approved by the chief executive officer of Moody’s on June 30, 2022 relating to the Company's post-COVID-19 geolocation strategy
2013 Senior Notes due 2024			Principal amount of $500 million, 4.875% senior unsecured notes due in February 2024
2014 Senior Notes due 2044			Principal amount of $600 million, 5.25% senior unsecured notes due in July 2044
2015 Senior Notes due 2027			Principal amount of €500 million, 1.75% senior unsecured notes due in March 2027

2017 Senior Notes due 2028			Principal amount of $500 million, 3.250% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2028
2018 Senior Notes due 2029			Principal amount of $400 million, 4.25% senior unsecured notes due February 1, 2029
2018 Senior Notes due 2048			Principal amount of $400 million, 4.875% senior unsecured notes due December 17, 2048

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TERM			DEFINITION
2019 Senior Notes due 2030			Principal amount of €750 million, 0.950% senior unsecured notes due February 25, 2030
2020 Senior Notes due 2025			Principal amount of $700 million, 3.75% senior unsecured notes due March 24, 2025
2020 Senior Notes due 2050			Principal amount of $300 million, 3.25% senior unsecured notes due May 20, 2050
2020 Senior Notes due 2060			Principal amount of $500 million, 2.55% senior unsecured notes due August 18, 2060
2021 Facility			Five-year unsecured revolving credit facility, with capacity to borrow up to $1.25 billion; backstops CP issued under the CP Program
2021 Senior Notes due 2031			Principal amount of $600 million, 2.00% senior unsecured notes due August 19, 2031
2021 Senior Notes due 2041			Principal amount of $600 million, 2.75% senior unsecured notes due August 19, 2041
2021 Senior Notes due 2061			Principal amount of $500 million, 3.10% senior unsecured notes due November 15, 2061
2022 Senior Notes due 2052			Principal amount of $500 million, 3.75% senior unsecured notes due February 25, 2052
2022 Senior Notes due 2032			Principal amount of $500 million, 4.25% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2032

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

MOODY’S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue	$	1,494	$	1,381	$	2,964	$	2,903
Expenses
Operating	426		393		854		810
Selling, general, and administrative	415		368		801		739
Depreciation and amortization	93		81		181		159
Restructuring	10		31		24		31


Total expenses	944		873		1,860		1,739
Operating income	550		508		1,104		1,164
Non-operating (expense) income, net
Interest expense, net	(71)		(55)		(119)		(108)
Other non-operating income (expense), net	13		(10)		13		(4)
Total non-operating (expense) income, net	(58)		(65)		(106)		(112)
Income before provision for income taxes	492		443		998		1,052
Provision for income taxes	115		116		120		227


Net income attributable to Moody's	$	377	$	327	$	878	$	825
Earnings per share attributable to Moody's common shareholders
Basic	$	2.05	$	1.78	$	4.79	$	4.47
Diluted	$	2.05	$	1.77	$	4.77	$	4.45
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Basic	183.5		184.1		183.4		184.6
Diluted	184.1		184.9		184.1		185.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY’S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions)



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Pre-tax amounts		Tax amounts		After-tax amounts		Pre-tax amounts		Tax amounts		After-tax amounts
Net Income					$	377					$	327
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Foreign Currency Adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net	$	51	$	—	51		$	(340)	$	3	(337)
Foreign currency translation adjustments - reclassification of losses included in net income	—		—		—		20		—		20
Net (losses) gains on net investment hedges	(37)		9		(28)		241		(60)		181

Cash Flow Hedges:

Reclassification of losses included in net income	—		(1)		(1)		—		—		—
Pension and Other Retirement Benefits:
Amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs included in net income	(2)		1		(1)		1		—		1
Net actuarial gains and prior service costs	—		—		—		6		(2)		4
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	$	12	$	9	$	21	$	(72)	$	(59)	$	(131)
Comprehensive income					398						196
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests					2						(3)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Moody's					$	396					$	199


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023						Six Months Ended June 30, 2022

	Pre-tax amounts		Tax amounts		After-tax amounts		Pre-tax amounts		Tax amounts		After-tax amounts
Net Income					$	878					$	825
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Foreign Currency Adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net	$	160	$	(2)	158		$	(448)	$	4	(444)
Foreign currency translation adjustments - reclassification of losses included in net income	—		—		—		20		—		20
Net (losses) gains on net investment hedges	(113)		28		(85)		305		(77)		228

Cash Flow Hedges:

Reclassification of losses included in net income	1		(1)		—		1		—		1
Pension and Other Retirement Benefits:
Amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs included in net income	(2)		1		(1)		1		—		1
Net actuarial gains and prior service costs	—		—		—		3		(1)		2
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	$	46	$	26	$	72	$	(118)	$	(74)	$	(192)
Comprehensive income					950						633
Less: comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests					(1)						(3)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Moody's					$	951					$	636

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY’S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except share and per share data)


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,278	$	1,769
Short-term investments	57		90
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $33 in 2023 and $40 in 2022	1,542		1,652
Other current assets	513		583

Total current assets	4,390		4,094
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $1,195 in 2023 and $1,123 in 2022	541		502
Operating lease right-of-use assets	330		346
Goodwill	5,926		5,839
Intangible assets, net	2,138		2,210
Deferred tax assets, net	265		266
Other assets	1,101		1,092
Total assets	$	14,691	$	14,349
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	877	$	1,011
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	105		106

Current portion of long-term debt	300		—
Deferred revenue	1,385		1,258

Total current liabilities	2,667		2,375
Non-current portion of deferred revenue	67		75
Long-term debt	6,923		7,389
Deferred tax liabilities, net	485		457
Uncertain tax positions	204		322
Operating lease liabilities	344		368
Other liabilities	689		674
Total liabilities	11,379		11,660
Contingencies (Note 16)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	—		—
Series common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	—		—
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 342,902,272 shares issued at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	3		3
Capital surplus	1,124		1,054
Retained earnings	14,213		13,618
Treasury stock, at cost; 159,444,702 and 159,702,362 shares of common stock at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	(11,626)		(11,513)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(570)		(643)
Total Moody's shareholders' equity	3,144		2,519
Noncontrolling interests	168		170
Total shareholders' equity	3,312		2,689
Total liabilities, noncontrolling interests, and shareholders' equity	$	14,691	$	14,349

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY’S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	878	$	825
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	181		159
Stock-based compensation	97		84
Deferred income taxes	21		65



FX translation losses reclassified to net income	—		20
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	121		63
Other current assets	78		(172)

Other assets	(24)		(12)
Lease obligations	(9)		(7)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(86)		(276)
Deferred revenue	97		92
Uncertain tax positions	(120)		(44)
Other liabilities	(22)		(36)
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,212		761
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital additions	(127)		(133)
Purchases of investments	(55)		(182)
Sales and maturities of investments	82		99
Receipts from settlements of net investment hedges	—		136
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(3)		(92)

Net cash used in investing activities	(103)		(172)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayment of notes	(200)		—


Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans	31		16
Treasury shares	(108)		(871)

Repurchase of shares related to stock-based compensation	(64)		(83)
Dividends	(283)		(259)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest	—		(1)
Issuance of notes	—		491
Debt issuance costs and related fees	—		(5)

Net cash used in financing activities	(624)		(712)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	24		(71)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	509		(194)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,769		1,811
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	2,278	$	1,617

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY’S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share data)


Shareholders of Moody's Corporation
	Common Stock			Capital Surplus		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Moody's Shareholders' Equity		Non- Controlling Interests		Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance at March 31, 2022	342.9	$	3	$	826	$	13,132	(158.4)	$	(11,096)	$	(471)	$	2,394	$	188	$	2,582
Net income						327							327		—		327
Dividends ($0.70 per share)						(131)							(131)		—		(131)
Stock-based compensation				38									38				38
Shares issued for stock-based compensation plans at average cost, net				6				—	1				7				7


Treasury shares repurchased				95				(1.0)	(308)				(213)				(213)

Currency translation adjustment, net of net investment hedge activity (net of tax of $57 million)											(133)		(133)		(3)		(136)
Net actuarial gains and prior service costs (net of tax of $2 million)											4		4				4
Amortization of prior service costs and actuarial losses											1		1				1

Balance at June 30, 2022	342.9	$	3	$	965	$	13,328	(159.4)	$	(11,403)	$	(599)	$	2,294	$	185	$	2,479

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY'S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share data)


Shareholders of Moody's Corporation
	Common Stock			Capital Surplus		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Moody's Shareholders' Equity		Non- Controlling Interests		Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021	342.9	$	3	$	885	$	12,762	(157.3)	$	(10,513)	$	(410)	$	2,727	$	189	$	2,916
Net income						825							825		—		825
Dividends ($1.40 per share)						(259)							(259)		(1)		(260)
Stock-based compensation				84									84				84
Shares issued for stock-based compensation plans at average cost, net				(36)				0.5	(31)				(67)				(67)


Shares issued as consideration to acquire kompany(1)				35				0.1	9				44				44
Treasury shares repurchased				(3)				(2.7)	(868)				(871)				(871)

Currency translation adjustment, net of net investment hedge activity (net of tax of $73 million)											(193)		(193)		(3)		(196)
Net actuarial losses and prior service costs (net of tax of $1 million)											2		2				2
Amortization of prior service costs and actuarial losses											1		1				1
Net realized and unrealized gain on cash flow hedges											1		1				1
Balance at June 30, 2022	342.9	$	3	$	965	$	13,328	(159.4)	$	(11,403)	$	(599)	$	2,294	$	185	$	2,479

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

(1) Represents a non-cash investing activity relating to the issuance of common stock to fund a portion of the purchase price for kompany.

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MOODY'S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share data)


Shareholders of Moody's Corporation
	Common Stock			Capital Surplus		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Moody's Shareholders' Equity		Non- Controlling Interests		Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance at March 31, 2023	342.9	$	3	$	1,068	$	13,979	(159.4)	$	(11,570)	$	(589)	$	2,891	$	167	$	3,058
Net income						377							377		—		377
Dividends ($0.77 per share)						(143)							(143)		(1)		(144)
Stock-based compensation				50									50				50
Shares issued for stock-based compensation plans at average cost, net				6				0.3	11				17				17


Treasury shares repurchased								(0.3)	(67)				(67)				(67)
Currency translation adjustment, net of net investment hedge activity (net of tax of $9 million)											21		21		2		23

Amortization of prior service costs and actuarial losses											(1)		(1)				(1)
Net realized and unrealized gain on cash flow hedges (net of tax of $1 million)											(1)		(1)				(1)
Balance at June 30, 2023	342.9	$	3	$	1,124	$	14,213	(159.4)	$	(11,626)	$	(570)	$	3,144	$	168	$	3,312

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY'S CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in millions, except per share data)


Shareholders of Moody's Corporation
	Common Stock			Capital Surplus		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Moody's Shareholders' Equity		Non- Controlling Interests		Total Shareholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2022	342.9	$	3	$	1,054	$	13,618	(159.7)	$	(11,513)	$	(643)	$	2,519	$	170	$	2,689
Net income						878							878		—		878
Dividends ($1.54 per share)						(283)							(283)		(1)		(284)

Stock-based compensation				97									97				97
Shares issued for stock-based compensation plans at average cost, net				(27)				0.7	(4)				(31)				(31)



Treasury shares repurchased				—				(0.4)	(109)				(109)				(109)

Currency translation adjustment, net of net investment hedge activity (net of tax of $26 million)											74		74		(1)		73

Amortization of prior service costs and actuarial losses (net of tax of $1 million)											(1)		(1)				(1)

Balance at June 30, 2023	342.9	$	3	$	1,124	$	14,213	(159.4)	$	(11,626)	$	(570)	$	3,144	$	168	$	3,312

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MOODY’S CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(tabular dollar and share amounts in millions, except per share data)

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Moody’s is a global risk assessment firm that empowers organizations and investors to make better decisions. Moody’s reports in two reportable segments: MA and MIS.

MA is a global provider of: i) data and information; ii) research and insights; and iii) decision solutions, which help companies make better and faster decisions. MA leverages its industry expertise across multiple risks such as credit, market, financial crime, supply chain, catastrophe and climate to deliver risk assessment solutions that enable business leaders to identify, measure and manage the implications of interrelated risks and opportunities.

MIS publishes credit ratings and provides assessment services on a wide range of debt obligations, programs and facilities, and the entities that issue such obligations in markets worldwide, including various corporate, financial institution and governmental obligations, and structured finance securities.

These interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Company’s 2022 annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 15, 2023. The results of interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or any subsequent period. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented have been included. The year-end consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current presentation.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards in 2023

In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, “Reference Rate Reform - Scope,” which clarified the scope and application of the original guidance, ASU No. 2020-04, "Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU No. 2020-04"), issued in March 2020 (codified into ASC Topic 848 "Reference Rate Reform"). ASU No. 2020-04 provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the U.S. GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, "Reference Rate Reform—Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848," which deferred the sunset date of Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. These ASU's were effective upon issuance and the amendments may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2024 as the transition from LIBOR is completed.

During the first quarter of 2023, the Company modified the contractual terms of certain of its interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges and cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges. These modifications replaced the previous LIBOR/EURIBOR-based reference rates included in the swap agreements to SOFR/ESTR-based rates. Pursuant to the modification of the contractual terms of these instruments, the Company utilized the optional expedients set forth in ASC Topic 848 relating to derivative instruments used in hedging relationships. The aggregate notional amounts of these swaps is disclosed in Note 8.

Reclassification of Previously Reported Revenue by LOB

In the second quarter of 2023, the Company expanded its disaggregation of revenue disclosures for MA's Decision Solutions LOB to enhance insight and transparency into this business. In conjunction with this new presentation, the Company reclassified certain immaterial revenue relating to structured finance solutions from the Decision Solutions LOB to the Research & Insights LOB.

Prior year revenue by LOB disclosures have been reclassified to conform to this new presentation, which is disclosed in Note 2.

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NOTE 2. REVENUES

Revenue by Category

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by LOB:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
MA:
Decision Solutions (DS)
Banking	$	123	$	110	$	254	$	240
Insurance	133		119		266		241
KYC	78		65		148		127
Total DS	334		294		668		608
Research and Insights (R&I)	217		203		432		406
Data and Information (D&I)	196		178		384		356
Total external revenue	747		675		1,484		1,370
Intersegment revenue	4		1		7		3
Total MA	751		676		1,491		1,373
MIS:
Corporate Finance (CFG)
Investment-grade	94		68		209		182
High-yield	46		31		78		70
Bank loans	68		72		127		185
Other accounts (1)	157		151		307		302
Total CFG	365		322		721		739
Structured Finance (SFG)
Asset-backed securities	32		31		59		63
RMBS	25		28		50		63
CMBS	14		27		28		65
Structured credit	31		36		63		75
Other accounts	—		1		1		1
Total SFG	102		123		201		267
Financial Institutions (FIG)
Banking	97		93		197		182
Insurance	35		24		68		58
Managed investments	10		8		16		13
Other accounts	3		3		6		6
Total FIG	145		128		287		259
Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance (PPIF)
Public finance / sovereign	54		55		106		113
Project and infrastructure	73		67		150		132
Total PPIF	127		122		256		245
Total ratings revenue	739		695		1,465		1,510
MIS Other	8		11		15		23
Total external revenue	747		706		1,480		1,533
Intersegment revenue	46		43		91		86
Total MIS	793		749		1,571		1,619
Eliminations	(50)		(44)		(98)		(89)
Total MCO	$	1,494	$	1,381	$	2,964	$	2,903

(1) Other includes: recurring monitoring fees of a rated debt obligation and/or entities that issue such obligations as well as fees from programs such as commercial paper, medium term notes, and ICRA corporate finance revenue.

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The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by LOB and geographic area:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	U.S.		Non-U.S		Total		U.S.		Non-U.S		Total
MA:
Decision Solutions	$	140	$	194	$	334	$	120	$	174	$	294
Research and Insights	119		98		217		115		88		203
Data and Information	68		128		196		62		116		178
Total MA	327		420		747		297		378		675
MIS:
Corporate Finance	239		126		365		210		112		322
Structured Finance	60		42		102		83		40		123
Financial Institutions	73		72		145		53		75		128
Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance	83		44		127		78		44		122
Total ratings revenue	455		284		739		424		271		695
MIS Other	—		8		8		2		9		11
Total MIS	455		292		747		426		280		706
Total MCO	$	782	$	712	$	1,494	$	723	$	658	$	1,381


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023						Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	U.S.		Non-U.S		Total		U.S.		Non-U.S		Total
MA:
Decision Solutions	$	279	$	389	$	668	$	253	$	355	$	608
Research and Insights	237		195		432		232		174		406
Data and Information	135		249		384		122		234		356
Total MA	651		833		1,484		607		763		1,370
MIS:
Corporate Finance	485		236		721		485		254		739
Structured Finance	121		80		201		180		87		267
Financial Institutions	136		151		287		118		141		259
Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance	159		97		256		153		92		245
Total ratings revenue	901		564		1,465		936		574		1,510
MIS Other	—		15		15		3		20		23
Total MIS	901		579		1,480		939		594		1,533
Total MCO	$	1,552	$	1,412	$	2,964	$	1,546	$	1,357	$	2,903

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The following table presents the Company’s reportable segment revenues disaggregated by segment and geographic region:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
MA:
U.S.	$	327	$	297	$	651	$	607
Non-U.S.:
EMEA	289		257		567		520
Asia-Pacific	71		71		151		139
Americas	60		50		115		104
Total Non-U.S.	420		378		833		763
Total MA	747		675		1,484		1,370
MIS:
U.S.	455		426		901		939
Non-U.S.:
EMEA	181		165		354		358
Asia-Pacific	75		80		146		154
Americas	36		35		79		82
Total Non-U.S.	292		280		579		594
Total MIS	747		706		1,480		1,533
Total MCO	$	1,494	$	1,381	$	2,964	$	2,903

The following tables summarize the split between Transaction Revenue and Recurring Revenue.


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023										2022
	Transaction				Recurring			Total			Transaction			Recurring			Total
Decision Solutions	$	43			$	291		$	334		$	38		$	256		$	294
	13		%		87		%	100		%	13		%	87		%	100		%
Research and Insights	$	3			$	214		$	217		$	4		$	199		$	203
	1		%		99		%	100		%	2		%	98		%	100		%
Data and Information	$	1			$	195		$	196		$	—		$	178		$	178
	1		%		99		%	100		%	—		%	100		%	100		%
Total MA	$	47		(1)	$	700		$	747		$	42		$	633		$	675
	6		%		94		%	100		%	6		%	94		%	100		%
Corporate Finance	$	236			$	129		$	365		$	199		$	123		$	322
	65		%		35		%	100		%	62		%	38		%	100		%
Structured Finance	$	48			$	54		$	102		$	73		$	50		$	123
	47		%		53		%	100		%	59		%	41		%	100		%
Financial Institutions	$	73			$	72		$	145		$	57		$	71		$	128
	50		%		50		%	100		%	45		%	55		%	100		%
Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance	$	84			$	43		$	127		$	82		$	40		$	122
	66		%		34		%	100		%	67		%	33		%	100		%
MIS Other	$	2			$	6		$	8		$	1		$	10		$	11
	25		%		75		%	100		%	9		%	91		%	100		%
Total MIS	$	443			$	304		$	747		$	412		$	294		$	706
	59		%		41		%	100		%	58		%	42		%	100		%
Total Moody's Corporation	$	490			$	1,004		$	1,494		$	454		$	927		$	1,381
	33		%		67		%	100		%	33		%	67		%	100		%

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023										2022
	Transaction				Recurring			Total			Transaction			Recurring			Total
Decision Solutions	$	83			$	585		$	668		$	78		$	530		$	608
	12		%		88		%	100		%	13		%	87		%	100		%
Research and Insights	$	8			$	424		$	432		$	8		$	398		$	406
	2		%		98		%	100		%	2		%	98		%	100		%
Data and Information	$	1			$	383		$	384		$	—		$	356		$	356
	—		%		100		%	100		%	—		%	100		%	100		%
Total MA	$	92		(1)	$	1,392		$	1,484		$	86		$	1,284		$	1,370
	6		%		94		%	100		%	6		%	94		%	100		%
Corporate Finance	$	466			$	255		$	721		$	492		$	247		$	739
	65		%		35		%	100		%	67		%	33		%	100		%
Structured Finance	$	94			$	107		$	201		$	166		$	101		$	267
	47		%		53		%	100		%	62		%	38		%	100		%
Financial Institutions	$	143			$	144		$	287		$	118		$	141		$	259
	50		%		50		%	100		%	46		%	54		%	100		%
Public, Project and Infrastructure Finance	$	169			$	87		$	256		$	161		$	84		$	245
	66		%		34		%	100		%	66		%	34		%	100		%
MIS Other	$	3			$	12		$	15		$	2		$	21		$	23
	20		%		80		%	100		%	9		%	91		%	100		%
Total MIS	$	875			$	605		$	1,480		$	939		$	594		$	1,533
	59		%		41		%	100		%	61		%	39		%	100		%
Total Moody's Corporation	$	967			$	1,997		$	2,964		$	1,025		$	1,878		$	2,903
	33		%		67		%	100		%	35		%	65		%	100		%

(1) Revenue from software implementation services and risk management advisory projects, while classified by management as transactional revenue, is recognized over time under U.S. GAAP (please also refer to the following table).

The following table presents the timing of revenue recognition:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	MA		MIS		Total		MA		MIS		Total
Revenue recognized at a point in time	$	22	$	443	$	465	$	49	$	875	$	924
Revenue recognized over time	725		304		1,029		1,435		605		2,040
Total	$	747	$	747	$	1,494	$	1,484	$	1,480	$	2,964



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022						Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	MA		MIS		Total		MA		MIS		Total
Revenue recognized at a point in time	$	16	$	412	$	428	$	57	$	939	$	996
Revenue recognized over time	659		294		953		1,313		594		1,907
Total	$	675	$	706	$	1,381	$	1,370	$	1,533	$	2,903

Unbilled receivables, deferred revenue and remaining performance obligations

Unbilled receivables

For certain MA arrangements, the timing of when the Company has the unconditional right to consideration and recognizes revenue occurs prior to invoicing the customer. In addition, certain MIS arrangements contain contractual terms whereby the customers are billed in arrears for annual monitoring services, requiring revenue to be accrued as an unbilled receivable as such services are provided.

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The following table presents the Company's unbilled receivables, which are included within accounts receivable, net, at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	As of June 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	MA		MIS		MA		MIS
Unbilled Receivables	$	119	$	428	$	148	$	385

Deferred revenue

The Company recognizes deferred revenue when a contract requires a customer to pay consideration to the Company in advance of when revenue related to that contract is recognized. This deferred revenue is relieved when the Company satisfies the related performance obligation and revenue is recognized.

Significant changes in the deferred revenue balances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	MA		MIS		Total		MA		MIS		Total
Balance at March 31,	$	1,288	$	360	$	1,648	$	1,234	$	377	$	1,611
Changes in deferred revenue
Revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period	(592)		(116)		(708)		(391)		(117)		(508)
Increases due to amounts billable excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period	417		91		508		213		94		307

Effect of exchange rate changes	3		1		4		(37)		(7)		(44)
Total changes in deferred revenue	(172)		(24)		(196)		(215)		(30)		(245)
Balance at June 30,	$	1,116	$	336	$	1,452	$	1,019	$	347	$	1,366



	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023						Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	MA		MIS		Total		MA		MIS		Total
Balance at December 31,	$	1,055	$	278	$	1,333	$	1,039	$	296	$	1,335
Changes in deferred revenue
Revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period	(788)		(160)		(948)		(654)		(155)		(809)
Increases due to amounts billable excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period	830		216		1,046		680		215		895
Increases due to acquisitions during the period	—		—		—		1		—		1
Effect of exchange rate changes	19		2		21		(47)		(9)		(56)
Total changes in deferred revenue	61		58		119		(20)		51		31
Balance at June 30,	$	1,116	$	336	$	1,452	$	1,019	$	347	$	1,366
Deferred revenue - current	$	1,115	$	270	$	1,385	$	1,017	$	268	$	1,285
Deferred revenue - non-current	$	1	$	66	$	67	$	2	$	79	$	81

For the MA segment, the decrease in deferred revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was primarily due to the recognition of annual subscription and maintenance billings from December 2022 and January 2023. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the increase in deferred revenue is primarily attributable to the high concentration of billings in the first quarter.

For the MIS segment, the changes in the deferred revenue balance during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 were primarily related to the significant portion of contract renewals that occurred during the first quarter of 2023 and are generally recognized over a one year period.

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Remaining performance obligations

Remaining performance obligations in the MA segment include both amounts recorded as deferred revenue on the balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 as well as amounts not yet invoiced to customers as of June 30, 2023, largely reflecting future revenue related to signed multi-year arrangements for hosted and installed subscription-based products. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $3.2 billion. The Company expects to recognize into revenue approximately 65% of this balance within one year, approximately 25% of this balance between one to two years and the remaining amount thereafter.

Remaining performance obligations in the MIS segment largely reflect deferred revenue related to monitoring fees for certain structured finance products, primarily CMBS, where the issuers can elect to pay the monitoring fees for the life of the security in advance. As of June 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $96 million. The Company expects to recognize into revenue approximately 25% of this balance within one year, approximately 50% of this balance between one to five years and the remaining amount thereafter. With respect to the remaining performance obligations for the MIS segment, the Company has applied a practical expedient set forth in ASC Topic 606 permitting the omission from the amounts stated above relating to unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

NOTE 3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Presented below is a summary of the stock-based compensation cost and associated tax benefit included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation cost	$	50	$	38	$	97	$	84
Tax benefit	$	12	$	9	$	22	$	20

In April 2023, stockholders approved an amendment to the 2001 Plan increasing the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance by 4.0 million. This results in the 2001 Plan now permitting for the grant of up to 54.6 million shares, of which not more than 10.7 million shares are available for grants of awards other than stock options. During the first half of 2023, the Company granted 0.1 million employee stock options, which had a weighted average grant date fair value of $94.67 per share. The Company also granted 0.6 million shares of restricted stock in the first six months of 2023, which had a weighted average grant date fair value of $295.59 per share. Both the employee stock options and restricted stock generally vest ratably over four years. Additionally, the Company granted 0.1 million shares of performance-based awards whereby the number of shares that ultimately vest are based on the achievement of certain non-market-based performance metrics of the Company over three years. The weighted average grant date fair value of these awards was $286.04 per share.

The following weighted average assumptions were used in determining the fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for options granted in 2023:


Expected dividend yield	1.04	%
Expected stock volatility	29	%
Risk-free interest rate	4.18	%
Expected holding period	5.8 years

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense at June 30, 2023 was $17 million and $309 million for stock options and unvested restricted stock, respectively, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years and 2.7 years, respectively. Additionally, there was $39 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense relating to the aforementioned non-market-based performance-based awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

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The following table summarizes information relating to stock option exercises and restricted stock vesting:


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Exercise of stock options:
Proceeds from stock option exercises	$	21	$	4
Aggregate intrinsic value	$	44	$	5
Tax benefit realized upon exercise	$	10	$	1
Number of shares exercised (1)	0.2		—
Vesting of restricted stock:
Fair value of shares vested	$	147	$	170
Tax benefit realized upon vesting	$	34	$	40
Number of shares vested	0.5		0.5
Vesting of performance-based restricted stock:
Fair value of shares vested	$	24	$	50
Tax benefit realized upon vesting	$	3	$	7
Number of shares vested	0.1		0.2

(1) The number of options exercised in 2022 was approximately 27 thousand.

NOTE 4. INCOME TAXES

Moody’s effective tax rate (ETR) was 23.4% and 26.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The 2.8% decrease was primarily due to higher excess tax benefits realized from stock-based compensation, along with a non-deductible foreign currency translation loss in 2022 resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia. Furthermore, Moody’s ETR for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was 12.0% and 21.6%, respectively. The 9.6% decrease in the ETR for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to tax benefits recognized in the first quarter of 2023, which reflect the resolutions of uncertain tax positions in various U.S. and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions. The Company’s year-to-date provision for income taxes differs from the tax computed by applying its estimated annual effective tax rate to the pre-tax earnings primarily due to the following items recognized in 2023: i) net reductions in UTPs of $117 million related to the resolutions of UTPs; and ii) excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation of $13 million.

The Company classifies interest related to UTPs in interest expense, net in its consolidated statements of operations. Penalties, if incurred, would be recognized in other non-operating income (expense), net.

Moody’s Corporation and subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2019 through 2020 are currently under examination and 2021 remains open to examination. The Company’s New York City tax returns for 2015 through 2019 are currently under examination. The Company’s U.K. tax returns for 2017 through 2021 remain open to examination.

For ongoing audits, it is possible the balance of UTPs could decrease in the next twelve months as a result of the settlement of such audits, which might involve the payment of additional taxes, the adjustment of certain deferred taxes and/or the recognition of tax benefits. It is also possible that new issues will be raised by tax authorities which could necessitate increases to the balance of UTPs. As the Company is unable to predict the timing or outcome of these audits, it is unable to estimate the amount of changes to the balance of UTPs at this time. However, the Company believes that it has adequately provided for its financial exposure relating to all open tax years, by tax jurisdiction, in accordance with the applicable provisions of ASC Topic 740 regarding UTPs.

The following table shows the amount the Company paid for income taxes:


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Income taxes paid	$	122	$	326

In August 2022, the U.S. Congress passed the Inflation Reduction Act, which included a corporate minimum tax on book earnings of 15%, an excise tax on corporate share repurchases of 1%, and certain climate change and energy tax credit incentives. The adoption of a corporate minimum tax of 15% is not expected to impact Moody’s ETR. The excise tax of 1% on corporate share buybacks will not have an impact on the Company’s ETR for 2023.

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NOTE 5. RECONCILIATION OF WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING

Below is a reconciliation of basic to diluted shares outstanding:


	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,

	2023	2022	2023	2022
Basic	183.5	184.1	183.4	184.6
Dilutive effect of shares issuable under stock-based compensation plans	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.8
Diluted	184.1	184.9	184.1	185.4
Anti-dilutive options to purchase common shares and restricted stock as well as contingently issuable restricted stock which are excluded from the table above	0.4	0.8	0.5	0.4

The calculation of basic shares outstanding is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. The calculation of diluted EPS requires certain assumptions regarding the use of both cash proceeds and assumed proceeds that would be received upon the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and 2022.

NOTE 6. ACCELERATED SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM

On March 1, 2022, the Company entered into an ASR agreement with a financial institution counterparty to repurchase $500 million of its outstanding common stock. The Company paid $500 million to the counterparty and received an initial delivery of 1.2 million shares of its common stock. Final settlement of the ASR agreement was completed in April 2022 and the Company received delivery of an additional 0.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

In total, the Company repurchased 1.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock during the term of the ASR Agreement, based on the volume-weighted average price (net of discount) of $324.20 per share over the duration of the program. The initial share repurchase and final share settlement were recorded as a reduction to shareholders’ equity.

NOTE 7. CASH EQUIVALENTS AND INVESTMENTS

The table below provides additional information on the Company’s cash equivalents and investments:


	As of June 30, 2023
							Balance sheet location
	Cost		Gains/(Losses)		Fair Value		Cash and cash equivalents		Short-term investments		Other assets
Certificates of deposit and money market deposit accounts/funds (1)	$	1,221	$	—	$	1,221	$	1,159	$	57	$	5
Mutual funds	$	87	$	4	$	91	$	—	$	—	$	91


	As of December 31, 2022
							Balance sheet location
	Cost		Gains/(Losses)		Fair Value		Cash and cash equivalents		Short-term investments		Other assets

Certificates of deposit and money market deposit accounts (1)	$	914	$	—	$	914	$	808	$	90	$	16
Mutual funds	$	71	$	—	$	71	$	—	$	—	$	71

(1) Consists of time deposits, money market deposit accounts and money market funds. The remaining contractual maturities for the certificates of deposits classified as short-term investments are one month to 12 months at both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The remaining contractual maturities for the certificates of deposits classified in other assets are 13 months to 18 months at June 30, 2023 and 13 months to 24 months at December 31, 2022. Time deposits with a maturity of less than 90 days at time of purchase are classified as cash and cash equivalents.

In addition, the Company invested in Corporate-Owned Life Insurance (COLI). As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the contract value of the COLI was $47 million and $40 million, respectively.

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NOTE 8. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The Company is exposed to global market risks, including risks from changes in FX rates and changes in interest rates. Accordingly, the Company uses derivatives in certain instances to manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business. The Company does not hold or issue derivatives for speculative purposes.

Derivatives and non-derivative instruments designated as accounting hedges:

Fair Value Hedges

Interest Rate Swaps

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to convert the fixed interest rate on certain of its long-term debt to a floating interest rate based on the SOFR. The purpose of these hedges is to mitigate the risk associated with changes in the fair value of the long-term debt, thus the Company has designated these swaps as fair value hedges. The fair value of the swaps is adjusted quarterly with a corresponding adjustment to the carrying value of the debt. The changes in the fair value of the swaps and the underlying hedged item generally offset and the net cash settlements on the swaps are recorded each period within interest expense, net in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the Company’s interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges:

As of June 30, 2023

As of December 31, 2022

Hedged Item

Nature of Swap

Notional Amount

Floating Interest Rate (1)

Notional Amount

Floating Interest Rate

2017 Senior Notes due 2028

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

500

SOFR

500

3-month LIBOR

2020 Senior Notes due 2025

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

300

SOFR

300

6-month LIBOR

2014 Senior Notes due 2044

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

300

SOFR

300

3-month LIBOR

2018 Senior Notes due 2048

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

300

SOFR

300

3-month LIBOR

2018 Senior Notes due 2029

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

400

SOFR

400

SOFR

2022 Senior Notes due 2052

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

500

SOFR

500

SOFR

2022 Senior Notes due 2032

Pay Floating/Receive Fixed

250

SOFR

250

SOFR

Total

2,550

(1) Contractual terms of instruments using the 3-month or 6-month LIBOR at December 31, 2022 were modified to the SOFR reference rate in the first quarter of 2023.

Refer to Note 14 for information on the cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount of the above hedged items.

The following table summarizes the impact to the statements of operations of the Company’s interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges:


Total amounts of financial statement line item presented in the statements of operations in which the effects of fair value hedges are recorded		Amount of income/(loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest expense, net		$	(71)	$	(55)	$	(119)	$	(108)

Descriptions	Location on Consolidated Statements of Operations
Net interest settlements and accruals on interest rate swaps	Interest expense, net	$	(21)	$	3	$	(39)	$	9
Fair value changes on interest rate swaps	Interest expense, net	$	(46)	$	(47)	$	—	$	(132)
Fair value changes on hedged debt	Interest expense, net	$	46	$	47	$	—	$	132

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Net investment hedges

Debt designated as net investment hedges

The Company has designated €500 million of the 2015 Senior Notes Due 2027 and €750 million of the 2019 Senior Notes due 2030 as net investment hedges to mitigate FX exposure related to a portion of the Company’s euro net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries against changes in euro/USD exchange rates. These hedges are designated as accounting hedges under the applicable sections of ASC Topic 815 and will end upon the repayment of the notes in 2027 and 2030, respectively, unless terminated early at the discretion of the Company.

Cross currency swaps designated as net investment hedges

The Company enters into cross-currency swaps to mitigate FX exposure related to a portion of the Company’s euro net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries against changes in euro/USD exchange rates. The following table provides information on the cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges under ASC Topic 815:


June 30, 2023
	Pay			Receive
Nature of Swap	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Interest Rate	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Interest Rate
Pay Fixed/Receive Fixed	€	765	3.67%	$	800	5.25%
Pay Floating/Receive Floating	2,138		Based on ESTR	2,250		Based on SOFR
Total	€	2,903		$	3,050


December 31, 2022
	Pay			Receive
Nature of Swap	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Interest Rate	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Interest Rate
Pay Fixed/Receive Fixed	€	765	3.67%	$	800	5.25%
Pay Floating/Receive Floating	450		Based on 3-month EURIBOR	500		Based on 3-month USD LIBOR
Pay Floating/Receive Floating	1,688		Based on ESTR	1,750		Based on SOFR
Total	€	2,903		$	3,050

As of June 30, 2023 these hedges will expire and the notional amounts will be settled as follows unless terminated early at the discretion of the Company:


Years Ending December 31,

2026	€	450
2027	€	531
2028	€	588
2029	€	373
2031	€	481
2032	€	480
Total	€	2,903

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The following tables provide information on the gains/(losses) on the Company’s net investment and cash flow hedges:


Derivative and Non-Derivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging Relationships	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in AOCL on Derivative, net of Tax				Amount of Loss Reclassified from AOCL into Income, net of Tax				Gain Recognized in Income on Derivative (Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)
	Three Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Cross currency swaps	$	(24)	$	118	$	—	$	—	$	14	$	11
Long-term debt	(4)		63		—		—		—		—
Total net investment hedges	$	(28)	$	181	$	—	$	—	$	14	$	11
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Cross currency swap	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate contracts	—		—		—		(1)		—		—
Total cash flow hedges	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	(1)	$	—	$	—
Total	$	(28)	$	181	$	1	$	(1)	$	14	$	11


Derivative and Non-Derivative Instruments in Net Investment Hedging Relationships	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in AOCL on Derivative, net of Tax				Amount of Loss Reclassified from AOCL into Income, net of Tax				Gain Recognized in Income on Derivative (Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)
	Six Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022

Cross currency swaps	$	(63)	$	142	$	—	$	—	$	30	$	21
Long-term debt	(22)		86		—		—		—		—
Total net investment hedges	$	(85)	$	228	$	—	$	—	$	30	$	21
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Cross currency swap	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate contracts	—		—		(1)		(1)		—		—
Total cash flow hedges	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(1)	$	—	$	—
Total	$	(85)	$	228	$	—	$	(1)	$	30	$	21

The cumulative amount of net investment hedge and cash flow hedge gains (losses) remaining in AOCL is as follows:


	Cumulative Gains/(Losses), net of tax
	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Net investment hedges
Cross currency swaps	$	55	$	118
FX forwards	29		29
Long-term debt	16		38
Total net investment hedges	$	100	$	185
Cash flow hedges
Interest rate contracts	$	(46)	$	(47)
Cross currency swaps	1		2
Total cash flow hedges	(45)		(45)
Total net gain in AOCL	$	55	$	140

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Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges:

Foreign exchange forwards

The Company also enters into foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the change in fair value on certain assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than a subsidiary’s functional currency. These forward contracts are not designated as accounting hedges under the applicable sections of ASC Topic 815. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of these contracts are recognized immediately in other non-operating income (expense), net in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations along with the FX gain or loss recognized on the assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the subsidiary’s functional currency. These contracts have expiration dates at various times through October 2023.

The following table summarizes the notional amounts of the Company’s outstanding foreign exchange forwards:


	June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
Notional amount of currency pair:	Sell		Buy		Sell		Buy
Contracts to sell USD for GBP	$	683	£	548	$	170	£	146
Contracts to sell USD for Japanese yen	$	15	¥	2,000	$	24	¥	3,500
Contracts to sell USD for Canadian dollars	$	116	C$	155	$	87	C$	120
Contracts to sell USD for Singapore dollars	$	81	S$	109	$	50	S$	70
Contracts to sell USD for euros	$	272	€	250	$	116	€	115

Contracts to sell USD for Indian rupee	$	23	₹	1,900	$	19	₹	1,600
Contracts to sell GBP for USD	£	90	$	115	£	—	$	—
Contracts to sell euros for USD	€	125	$	135	€	85	$	89

NOTE: € = euro, £ = British pound, $ = U.S. dollar, ¥ = Japanese yen, C$ = Canadian dollar, S$= Singapore dollars, ₹= Indian rupee

Total Return Swaps

Beginning in the second quarter of 2023, the Company entered into total return swaps to mitigate market-driven changes in the value of certain liabilities associated with the Company's deferred compensation plans. The fair value of these swaps at June 30, 2023 and related gains in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 were not material. The notional amount of the total return swaps as of June 30, 2023 was $59 million.

The following table summarizes the impact to the consolidated statements of operations relating to the net losses on the Company’s derivatives which are not designated as hedging instruments:


Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges	Location on Consolidated Statements of Operations	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023		2022		2023		2022
FX forwards	Other non-operating income, net	$	10	$	(38)	$	15	$	(57)

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The table below shows the classification between assets and liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for the fair value of the derivative instrument as well as the carrying value of its non-derivative debt instruments designated and qualifying as net investment hedges:


	Derivative and Non-Derivative Instruments
	Balance Sheet Location	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:
Derivatives designated as accounting hedges:

Cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges	Other assets	$	7	$	27



Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges:
FX forwards on certain assets and liabilities	Other current assets	10		19

Total assets		$	17	$	46
Liabilities:
Derivatives designated as accounting hedges:


Cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges	Other liabilities	$	142	$	78
Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges	Other liabilities	239		239
Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges		381		317
Non-derivatives designated as accounting hedges:
Long-term debt designated as net investment hedge	Long-term debt	1,364		1,334
Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges:
FX forwards on certain assets and liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	3		2
Total liabilities		$	1,748	$	1,653

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NOTE 9. GOODWILL AND OTHER ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill for the periods indicated:


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	MA						MIS						Consolidated
	Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill		Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill		Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill
Balance at beginning of year	$	5,474	$	(12)	$	5,462	$	377	$	—	$	377	$	5,851	$	(12)	$	5,839
Additions/ adjustments (1)	90		—		90		(87)		—		(87)		3		—		3
Foreign currency translation adjustments	85		—		85		(1)		—		(1)		84		—		84

Ending balance	$	5,649	$	(12)	$	5,637	$	289	$	—	$	289	$	5,938	$	(12)	$	5,926


	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	MA						MIS						Consolidated
	Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill		Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill		Gross goodwill		Accumulated impairment charge		Net goodwill
Balance at beginning of year	$	5,615	$	(12)	$	5,603	$	396	$	—	$	396	$	6,011	$	(12)	$	5,999
Additions/ adjustments (2)	88		—		88		4		—		4		92		—		92
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(229)		—		(229)		(23)		—		(23)		(252)		—		(252)

Ending balance	$	5,474	$	(12)	$	5,462	$	377	$	—	$	377	$	5,851	$	(12)	$	5,839

(1) The 2023 additions/adjustments primarily relate to a reallocation of goodwill pursuant to a realignment of certain components of the Company's ESG business in the first quarter of 2023.

(2) The 2022 additions/adjustments for the MA segment in the table above primarily relate to the acquisition of kompany in the first quarter of 2022.

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Acquired intangible assets and related amortization consisted of:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Customer relationships	$	2,055	$	2,024
Accumulated amortization	(507)		(453)
Net customer relationships	1,548		1,571
Software/product technology	670		661
Accumulated amortization	(326)		(283)
Net software/product technology	344		378
Database	178		178
Accumulated amortization	(73)		(64)
Net database	105		114
Trade names	199		197
Accumulated amortization	(65)		(58)
Net trade names	134		139
Other (1)	52		52
Accumulated amortization	(45)		(44)
Net other	7		8
Total acquired intangible assets, net	$	2,138	$	2,210

(1) Other intangible assets primarily consist of trade secrets, covenants not to compete, and acquired ratings methodologies and models.

Amortization expense relating to acquired intangible assets is as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Amortization expense	$	50	$	51	$	101	$	102

NOTE 10. RESTRUCTURING

On June 30, 2022, the chief executive officer of Moody’s approved a restructuring program (the “2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program”). The Company estimates that the program will result in annualized savings of $120 million to $140 million per year. This program relates to the Company's post-COVID-19 geolocation strategy and includes the rationalization and exit of certain leased office spaces and a reduction in staff, including the relocation of certain job functions. The exit from certain leased office spaces began in the fourth quarter of 2022 and is expected to result in $50 million to $70 million of pre-tax charges from vacating the affected office spaces, a large portion of which Moody's intends to sublease. The program is also expected to include $110 million to $120 million of pre-tax personnel-related restructuring charges, an amount that includes severance costs, expense related to the modification of equity awards, and related costs primarily determined under the Company’s existing severance plans. The savings generated from the 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program are expected to strengthen the Company's operating margin, with a portion being deployed to support strategic investments, including the Company's workplace of the future program and employee retention initiatives. The 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program is expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2023. Cash outlays associated with this program, which primarily relate to personnel-related costs, are expected to be $110 million to $120 million, which are expected to be paid through 2024.

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Total expense included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations relating to the aforementioned restructuring program is below:

Substantially all of the restructuring charges recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022 relate to employee termination costs.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022


2020 MA Strategic Reorganization Restructuring Program	$	—	$	(1)	$	—	$	(1)
2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program	10		32		24		32
Total Restructuring	$	10	$	31	$	24	$	31

Changes to the restructuring liability for the aforementioned restructuring programs during the first half of 2023 were as follows:



Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	65









2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program:
Cost incurred and adjustments	22
Cash payments and adjustments	(57)
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	30


Cumulative expense incurred through June 30, 2023	Employee Termination Costs		Real Estate Related Costs		Other Costs		Total



2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program	$	107	$	29	$	1	$	137

NOTE 11. FAIR VALUE

The table below presents information about items that are carried at fair value at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	Fair Value Measurement as of June 30, 2023
Description	Balance		Level 1		Level 2
Assets:
Derivatives (1)	$	17	$	—	$	17
Money market funds/mutual funds	231		231		—
Total	$	248	$	231	$	17
Liabilities:
Derivatives (1)	$	384	$	—	$	384
Total	$	384	$	—	$	384


	Fair Value Measurement as of December 31, 2022
Description	Balance		Level 1		Level 2
Assets:
Derivatives (1)	$	46	$	—	$	46

Mutual funds	71		71		—
Total	$	117	$	71	$	46
Liabilities:
Derivatives (1)	$	319	$	—	$	319
Total	$	319	$	—	$	319

(1) Represents fair value of certain derivative contracts as more fully described in Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The following are descriptions of the methodologies utilized by the Company to estimate the fair value of its derivative contracts, mutual funds and money market mutual funds:

Derivatives:

In determining the fair value of the derivative contracts in the table above, the Company utilizes industry standard valuation models. Where applicable, these models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using spot rates, forward points, currency volatilities, interest rates as well as the risk of non-performance of the Company and the counterparties with whom it has derivative contracts. The Company established strict counterparty credit guidelines and only enters into transactions with financial institutions that adhere to these guidelines. Accordingly, the risk of counterparty default is deemed to be minimal.

Money market funds and mutual funds:

The money market funds and mutual funds in the table above are deemed to be equity securities with readily determinable fair values with changes in the fair value recognized through net income under ASC Topic 321. The fair value of these instruments is determined using Level 1 inputs as defined in the ASC Topic 820.

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NOTE 12. OTHER BALANCE SHEET AND STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS INFORMATION

The following tables contain additional detail related to certain balance sheet captions:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other current assets:
Prepaid taxes	$	169	$	235
Prepaid expenses	112		119
Capitalized costs to obtain and fulfill sales contracts	112		106
Foreign exchange forwards on certain assets and liabilities	10		19

Interest receivable on interest rate and cross currency swaps	78		74
Other	32		30
Total other current assets	$	513	$	583

Other assets:
Investments in non-consolidated affiliates	$	526	$	517
Deposits for real-estate leases	15		15
Indemnification assets related to acquisitions	107		110
Mutual funds and fixed deposits	96		87
Company owned life insurance (at contract value)	47		40
Costs to obtain sales contracts	176		171
Derivative instruments designated as accounting hedges	7		27
Pension and other retirement employee benefits	39		40
Other	88		85
Total other assets	$	1,101	$	1,092

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:
Salaries and benefits	$	113	$	104
Incentive compensation	166		276
Customer credits, advanced payments and advanced billings	99		102

Dividends	5		6
Professional service fees	47		49
Accrued interest	79		93
Accounts payable	37		52
Income taxes	112		86
Pension and other retirement employee benefits	7		7
Accrued royalties	26		23
Foreign exchange forwards on certain assets and liabilities	3		2
Restructuring liability	28		65


Interest payable on interest rate and cross currency swaps	62		51
Other	93		95
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	877	$	1,011

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	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other liabilities:
Pension and other retirement employee benefits	$	195	$	189

Interest accrued on UTPs	30		47
MAKS indemnification provisions	19		23
Income tax liability - non-current portion	15		48
Derivative instruments designated as accounting hedges	381		317
Restructuring liability - non-current portion	2		—
Other	47		50
Total other liabilities	$	689	$	674

Investments in non-consolidated affiliates:

The following table provides additional detail regarding Moody's investments in non-consolidated affiliates, as included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Equity method investments (1)	$	194	$	187
Investments measured using the measurement alternative (2)	325		325
Other	7		5
Total investments in non-consolidated affiliates	$	526	$	517
(1) Equity securities in which the Company has significant influence over the investee but does not have a controlling financial interest in accordance with ASC Topic 323.
(2) Equity securities without readily determinable fair value for which the Company has elected to apply the measurement alternative in accordance with ASC Topic 321.

Moody's holds various investments accounted for under the equity method, the most significant of which is the Company's minority investment in CCXI. Moody's also holds various investments measured using the measurement alternative, the most significant of which is the Company's minority interest in BitSight.

Earnings from non-consolidated affiliates, which are included within other non-operating income (expense), net, are disclosed within the table below.

Other non-operating income (expense), net:

The following table summarizes the components of other non-operating income (expense), net:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
FX loss (1)	$	(5)	$	(22)	$	(31)	$	(22)
Net periodic pension costs - other components	9		6		18		12
Income from investments in non-consolidated affiliates	1		2		3		4
Gains / losses on investments	5		(9)		11		(14)
Other (2)	3		13		12		16
Total	$	13	$	(10)	$	13	$	(4)

(1) The amount for the six months ended June 30, 2023 includes a $23 million loss recorded pursuant to an immaterial out-of-period adjustment relating to the 2022 fiscal year. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 include FX translation losses of $20 million reclassified to earnings resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia.

(2) The amount for the six months ended June 30, 2023 reflects a benefit of $9 million related to the favorable resolutions of various tax matters. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 reflect an $11 million benefit from a statute of limitations lapse relating to reserves established pursuant to the divestiture of MAKS.

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NOTE 13. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following table provides details about the reclassifications out of AOCL:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Location in the consolidated statements of operations
Losses on currency translation adjustments	2023		2022
Foreign currency translation adjustments - reclassification of losses included in net income	$	—	$	(20)	Other non-operating income, net
Total losses on currency translation adjustments	—		(20)
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges

Interest rate contract	—		—		Other non-operating income, net
Income tax effect of item above	1		—		Provision for income taxes
Total net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges	1		—




Pension and other retirement benefits
Amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs included in net income	2		(1)		Other non-operating income, net


Income tax effect of item above	(1)		—		Provision for income taxes
Total pension and other retirement benefits	1		(1)
Total net gains (losses) included in Net Income attributable to reclassifications out of AOCL	$	2	$	(21)



	Six Months Ended June 30,				Location in the consolidated statements of operations
Losses on currency translation adjustments	2023		2022
Foreign currency translation adjustments - reclassification of losses included in net income	$	—	$	(20)	Other non-operating income, net
Total losses on currency translation adjustments	—		(20)
Losses on cash flow hedges

Interest rate contract	(1)		(1)		Other non-operating income, net
Income tax effect of item above	1		—		Provision for income taxes
Total net losses on cash flow hedges	—		(1)




Pension and other retirement benefits
Amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs included in net income	2		(1)		Other non-operating income, net

Income tax effect of item above	(1)		—		Provision for income taxes
Total pension and other retirement benefits	1		(1)
Total net gains (losses) included in Net Income attributable to reclassifications out of AOCL	$	1	$	(22)

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The following tables show changes in AOCL by component (net of tax):



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023										2022
Gains/(Losses)	Pension and Other Retirement Benefits		Cash Flow Hedges		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Net Investment Hedges		Total		Pension and Other Retirement Benefits		Cash Flow Hedges		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Net Investment Hedges		Total
Balance at March 31,	$	(47)	$	(44)	$	(626)	$	128	$	(589)	$	(51)	$	(46)	$	(442)	$	68	$	(471)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications	—		—		49		(28)		21		4		—		(334)		181		(149)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(1)		(1)		—		—		(2)		1		—		20		—		21
Other comprehensive income/(loss)	(1)		(1)		49		(28)		19		5		—		(314)		181		(128)
Balance at June 30,	$	(48)	$	(45)	$	(577)	$	100	$	(570)	$	(46)	$	(46)	$	(756)	$	249	$	(599)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023										2022
Gains/(Losses)	Pension and Other Retirement Benefits		Cash Flow Hedges		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Net Investment Hedges		Total		Pension and Other Retirement Benefits		Cash Flow Hedges		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Net Investment Hedges		Total
Balance at December 31,	$	(47)	$	(45)	$	(736)	$	185	$	(643)	$	(49)	$	(47)	$	(335)	$	21	$	(410)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications	—		—		159		(85)		74		2		—		(441)		228		(211)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	(1)		—		—		—		(1)		1		1		20		—		22

Other comprehensive income/(loss)	(1)		—		159		(85)		73		3		1		(421)		228		(189)
Balance at June 30,	$	(48)	$	(45)	$	(577)	$	100	$	(570)	$	(46)	$	(46)	$	(756)	$	249	$	(599)

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NOTE 14. INDEBTEDNESS

The Company’s debt is recorded at its carrying amount, which represents the issuance amount plus or minus any issuance premium or discount, except for certain debt as depicted in the table below, which is recorded at the carrying amount adjusted for the fair value of an interest rate swap used to hedge the fair value of the note.

The following table summarizes total indebtedness:


June 30, 2023
Notes Payable:	Principal Amount		Fair Value of Interest Rate Swaps (1)		Unamortized (Discount) Premium		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Carrying Value
4.875% 2013 Senior Notes, due 2024	$	300	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	300
5.25% 2014 Senior Notes, due 2044	600		(42)		3		(4)		557
1.75% 2015 Senior Notes, due 2027	546		—		—		(2)		544

3.25% 2017 Senior Notes, due 2028	500		(37)		(3)		(2)		458
4.25% 2018 Senior Notes, due 2029	400		(42)		(2)		(2)		354
4.875% 2018 Senior Notes, due 2048	400		(44)		(6)		(4)		346
0.950% 2019 Senior Notes, due 2030	818		—		(2)		(4)		812
3.75% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2025	700		(24)		—		(2)		674
3.25% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2050	300		—		(4)		(3)		293
2.55% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2060	300		—		(2)		(3)		295
2.00% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2031	600		—		(7)		(4)		589
2.75% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2041	600		—		(13)		(5)		582
3.10% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2061	500		—		(7)		(5)		488
3.75% 2022 Senior Notes, due 2052	500		(36)		(8)		(5)		451
4.25% 2022 Senior Notes, due 2032	500		(14)		(2)		(4)		480
Total debt	$	7,564	$	(239)	$	(53)	$	(49)	$	7,223
Current portion									(300)
Total long-term debt									$	6,923


December 31, 2022
Notes Payable:	Principal Amount		Fair Value of Interest Rate Swaps (1)		Unamortized (Discount) Premium		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Carrying Value
4.875% 2013 Senior Notes, due 2024	$	500	$	—	$	(1)	$	(1)	$	498
5.25% 2014 Senior Notes, due 2044	600		(42)		3		(4)		557
1.75% 2015 Senior Notes, due 2027	534		—		—		(2)		532

3.25% 2017 Senior Notes, due 2028	500		(37)		(3)		(2)		458
4.25% 2018 Senior Notes, due 2029	400		(42)		(2)		(2)		354
4.875% 2018 Senior Notes, due 2048	400		(44)		(6)		(4)		346
0.950% 2019 Senior Notes, due 2030	800		—		(2)		(4)		794
3.75% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2025	700		(27)		(1)		(3)		669
3.25% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2050	300		—		(4)		(3)		293
2.55% 2020 Senior Notes, due 2060	300		—		(2)		(3)		295
2.00% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2031	600		—		(7)		(4)		589
2.75% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2041	600		—		(13)		(5)		582
3.10% 2021 Senior Notes, due 2061	500		—		(7)		(5)		488
3.75% 2022 Senior Notes, due 2052	500		(35)		(8)		(5)		452
4.25% 2022 Senior Notes, due 2032	500		(12)		(2)		(4)		482
Total long-term debt	$	7,734	$	(239)	$	(55)	$	(51)	$	7,389

(1) The fair value of interest rate swaps in the table above represents the cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount of the hedged debt.

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Notes Payable

In the second quarter of 2023, the Company repaid $200 million of its $500 million 2013 Senior Notes due 2024.

At June 30, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained within all of the debt agreements. All the debt agreements contain cross default provisions which state that default under one of the aforementioned debt instruments could in turn permit lenders under other debt instruments to declare borrowings outstanding under those instruments to be immediately due and payable. As of June 30, 2023, there were no such cross defaults.

The repayment schedule for the Company’s borrowings is as follows:


Year Ending December 31,	Year Ending Total
2023 (After June 30,)	$	—
2024	300
2025	700
2026	—
2027	546
Thereafter	6,018
Total	$	7,564

Interest expense, net

The following table summarizes the components of interest as presented in the consolidated statements of operations and the cash paid for interest:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Income	$	15	$	2	$	25	$	4
Expense on borrowings	(75)		(50)		(145)		(98)
Income (expense) on UTPs and other tax related liabilities(1)	(4)		(3)		14		(6)
Net periodic pension costs - interest component	(7)		(4)		(13)		(8)
Interest expense, net	$	(71)	$	(55)	$	(119)	$	(108)
Interest paid(2)	$	47	$	12	$	143	$	90

(1) The amount for the six months ended June 30, 2023 reflects a $22 million reduction of tax-related interest expense primarily related to the resolutions of outstanding tax matters.

(2) Interest paid includes net settlements on interest rate swaps more fully discussed in Note 8.

The fair value and carrying value of the Company’s debt as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows:


	June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
















Total debt	$	7,223	$	6,369	$	7,389	$	6,564

The fair value of the Company’s debt is estimated based on quoted prices in active markets as of the reporting date, which are considered Level 1 inputs within the fair value hierarchy.

NOTE 15. LEASES

The Company has operating leases, substantially all of which relate to the lease of office space. The Company’s leases which are classified as finance leases are not material to the consolidated financial statements. Certain of the Company’s leases include options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one year to 20 years at the Company’s discretion.

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The following table presents the components of the Company’s lease cost:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating lease cost	$	23	$	25	$	47	$	52
Sublease income	(2)		(2)		(4)		(4)
Variable lease cost	5		5		10		10
Total lease cost	$	26	$	28	$	53	$	58

The following tables present other information related to the Company’s operating leases:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	30	$	29	$	60	$	60
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	19	$	15	$	24	$	30


	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term	4.8 years		5.3 years
Weighted-average discount rate applied to operating leases	3.2	%	3.1	%

The following table presents a maturity analysis of the future minimum lease payments included within the Company’s operating lease liabilities at June 30, 2023:


Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2023 (After June 30,)	$	60
2024	115
2025	103
2026	84
2027	68
After 2027	54
Total lease payments (undiscounted)	484
Less: Interest	35
Present value of lease liabilities:	$	449
Lease liabilities - current	$	105
Lease liabilities - noncurrent	$	344

NOTE 16. CONTINGENCIES

Given the nature of the Company's activities, Moody’s and its subsidiaries are subject to legal and tax proceedings, governmental, regulatory and legislative investigations, subpoenas and other inquiries, and claims and litigation by governmental and private parties that are based on ratings assigned by MIS or that are otherwise incidental to the Company’s business. Moody’s and MIS also are subject to periodic reviews, inspections, examinations and investigations by regulators in the U.S. and other jurisdictions, any of which may result in claims, legal proceedings, assessments, fines, penalties or restrictions on business activities. Moody’s also is subject to ongoing tax audits as addressed in Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Management periodically assesses the Company’s liabilities and contingencies in connection with these matters based upon the latest information available. For claims, litigation and proceedings and governmental investigations and inquiries not related to income taxes, the Company records liabilities in the consolidated financial statements when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated and periodically adjusts these as appropriate. When the reasonable estimate of the loss is within a range of amounts, the minimum amount of the range is accrued unless some higher amount within the range is a better estimate than another amount within the range. In instances when a loss is reasonably possible but uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome and/or the amount or range of loss, management does not record a liability but discloses the contingency if material. As additional information becomes available, the Company adjusts its assessments and estimates of such matters accordingly. Moody’s also discloses material pending legal proceedings pursuant to SEC rules and other pending matters as it may determine to be appropriate.

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In view of the inherent difficulty of assessing the potential outcome of legal proceedings, governmental, regulatory and legislative investigations and inquiries, claims and litigation and similar matters and contingencies, particularly when the claimants seek large or indeterminate damages or assert novel legal theories or the matters involve a large number of parties, the Company often cannot predict what the eventual outcome of the pending matters will be or the timing of any resolution of such matters. The Company also may be unable to predict the impact (if any) that any such matters may have on how its business is conducted, on its competitive position or on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. As the process to resolve any pending matters progresses, management will continue to review the latest information available and assess its ability to predict the outcome of such matters and the effects, if any, on its operations and financial condition and to accrue for and disclose such matters as and when required. However, because such matters are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the ultimate outcome of such matters, including the amount of any loss, may differ from those estimates.

NOTE 17. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company is organized into two operating segments: MA and MIS and accordingly, the Company reports in two reportable segments: MA and MIS.

The MA segment develops a wide range of products and services that support the risk management activities of institutional participants in global financial markets. The MA segment consists of three LOBs - Decision Solutions, Research and Insights, and Data and Information.

The MIS segment consists of five LOBs. The CFG, FIG, PPIF and SFG LOBs generate revenue principally from fees for the assignment and ongoing monitoring of credit ratings on debt obligations and the entities that issue such obligations in markets worldwide. The MIS Other LOB primarily consists of financial instruments pricing services in the Asia-Pacific region, ICRA non-ratings revenue and revenue from providing professional services.

Revenue for MA and expenses for MIS include an intersegment fee charged to MIS from MA for certain MA products and services utilized in MIS’s ratings process. Additionally, revenue for MIS and expenses for MA include intersegment fees charged to MA for the rights to use and distribute content, data and products developed by MIS. These intersegment fees are generally based on the market value of the products and services being transferred between the segments.

Overhead expenses include costs such as rent and occupancy, information technology and support staff such as finance, human resources and legal. Such costs and corporate expenses that exclusively benefit one segment are fully charged to that segment.

For overhead costs and corporate expenses that benefit both segments, costs are allocated to each segment based on the segment’s share of full-year 2018 actual revenue which comprises a “Baseline Pool” established in 2019, which will remain fixed over time. In subsequent periods, incremental overhead costs (or reductions thereof) will be allocated to each segment based on the prevailing shares of total revenue represented by each segment.

“Eliminations” in the following table represent intersegment revenue/expense. Moody’s does not report the Company’s assets by reportable segment, as this metric is not used by the chief operating decision maker to allocate resources to the segments. Consequently, it is not practical to show assets by reportable segment.

Financial Information by Segment

The table below shows revenue and Adjusted Operating Income by reportable segment. Adjusted Operating Income is a financial metric utilized by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to assess the profitability of each reportable segment. Refer to Note 2 for further details on the components of the Company’s revenue.


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023								2022
	MA		MIS		Eliminations		Consolidated		MA		MIS		Eliminations		Consolidated
Total external revenue	$	747	$	747	$	—	$	1,494	$	675	$	706	$	—	$	1,381
Intersegment revenue	4		46		(50)		—		1		43		(44)		—
Revenue	751		793		(50)		1,494		676		749		(44)		1,381
Operating, SG&A	541		350		(50)		841		471		334		(44)		761
Adjusted Operating Income	$	210	$	443	$	—	$	653	$	205	$	415	$	—	$	620
Add:
Depreciation and amortization	74		19		—		93		60		21		—		81

Restructuring	8		2		—		10		16		15		—		31


Operating Income							$	550							$	508

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023								2022
	MA		MIS		Eliminations		Consolidated		MA		MIS		Eliminations		Consolidated
Total external revenue	$	1,484	$	1,480	$	—	$	2,964	$	1,370	$	1,533	$	—	$	2,903
Intersegment revenue	7		91		(98)		—		3		86		(89)		—
Revenue	1,491		1,571		(98)		2,964		1,373		1,619		(89)		2,903
Operating, SG&A	1,067		686		(98)		1,655		944		694		(89)		1,549
Adjusted Operating Income	$	424	$	885	$	—	$	1,309	$	429	$	925	$	—	$	1,354
Add:
Depreciation and amortization	144		37		—		181		120		39		—		159
Restructuring	16		8		—		24		16		15		—		31



Operating Income							$	1,104							$	1,164

The table below shows cumulative restructuring expense incurred through June 30, 2023 by reportable segment.


	MA		MIS		Total



2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program	$	65	$	72	$	137

The costs expected to be incurred related to the 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program are $80 million - $100 million for the MA segment and $80 million - $90 million for the MIS segment.

The restructuring program is more fully discussed in Note 10.

Consolidated Revenue Information by Geographic Area


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
United States	$	782	$	723	$	1,552	$	1,546
Non-U.S.:
EMEA	470		422		921		878
Asia-Pacific	146		151		297		293
Americas	96		85		194		186
Total Non-U.S.	712		658		1,412		1,357
Total	$	1,494	$	1,381	$	2,964	$	2,903

NOTE 18. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

On July 24, 2023, the Board approved the declaration of a quarterly dividend of $0.77 per share of Moody’s common stock, payable on September 8, 2023 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 18, 2023.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Moody’s Corporation condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10–Q.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains Forward-Looking Statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” commencing on page 77 for a discussion of uncertainties, risks and other factors associated with these statements.

THE COMPANY

Moody’s is a global risk assessment firm that empowers organizations and investors to make better decisions. Moody’s reports activities in two segments: MA and MIS.

Provider of financial intelligence and analytical tools supporting customers’ growth, efficiency and risk management objectives

Global leader in risk assessment providing credit rating opinions, analytical solutions and insights that empower organizations to make better, faster decisions

Independent provider of credit rating opinions and related information for over 100 years

Sustainability

Moody’s manages its business with the goal of delivering value to all of its stakeholders, including but not limited to, its customers, employees, business partners, local communities and stockholders. As part of this effort, Moody’s advances sustainability by considering environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) factors in its operations, products and services. The Company uses its expertise and assets to make a positive difference through technology tools, research and analytical services that help other organizations and the investor community better understand the links between sustainability considerations and the global markets. Moody’s adheres to the policies of recognized sustainability organizations that develop standards or frameworks and/or evaluate and assess performance, including: the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI); Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB); and the World Economic Forum (WEF)’s Stakeholder Capitalism metrics. On April 20, 2023, Moody's issued its 2022 annual reports on Stakeholder Sustainability and Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”). Moody’s sustainability-related achievements during the first half of 2023 included the following:

–Named 2022 CDP Supplier Engagement Leader on Climate Action for third consecutive year;

–Recognized among America’s 100 Most JUST Companies by JUST Capital and CNBC for its commitment to serving its workforce, customers, communities, the environment, and stockholders;

–Named to Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index for fourth consecutive year; and

–Ranked #1 on Forbes' Net Zero Leaders list.

The Board oversees sustainability matters, with assistance from the Audit, Governance & Nominating and Compensation & Human Resources Committees, as part of its oversight of management and the Company’s overall strategy. The Audit Committee oversees financial, risk and other disclosures made in the Company’s annual and quarterly reports related to sustainability and has overseen the expanded voluntary disclosures the Company has made in its periodic filings. The Governance & Nominating Committee oversees sustainability matters, including significant issues of corporate social and environmental responsibility, as they pertain to the Company’s business and to long-term value creation for the Company and its stockholders, and makes recommendations to the Board regarding these issues. This has helped to develop the Company’s robust ESG strategy. Finally, the Compensation & Human Resources Committee oversees inclusion of sustainability-related performance goals for determining compensation of all senior executives. This oversight has resulted in the Company more fully integrating sustainability-related performance metrics into the strategic & operational compensation metric of all senior executives. The Board also oversees Moody’s policies for assessing and managing the Company's exposure to risk, including climate-related risks such as business continuity disruption and

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reputational or credibility concerns stemming from incorporation of climate-related risks into the credit methodologies and credit ratings of MIS.

Three Pillars of Moody's Sustainability Strategy

Better Business

Better Lives

Better Solutions

For Moody's operations and value chain

For Moody's people and communities

For market transformation

Strive to embed responsible, sustainable decision-making into our operations and value chain.

Aim to foster a nurturing and inclusive culture across Moody's people and communities.

Deliver trusted perspectives that inform a clear and holistic understanding of risk, including ESG and climate considerations.

Current Matters Impacting Moody's Business

Current Macroeconomic Uncertainties/Market Volatility

The Company continues to monitor current macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainties that have contributed to volatility in rated issuance volumes, which began in 2022 and has continued into the first half of 2023. These uncertainties include, but are not limited to: i) inflation levels; ii) rising interest rates; and iii) volatility in the global capital markets partly resulting from the ongoing Russia/Ukraine military conflict (further discussed below) and the failures of certain banking institutions in the first half of 2023. A substantial portion of MIS’s revenue is impacted by the level of issuance activity in the fixed income capital markets, both in the U.S. and internationally. While market volatility has resulted in declines in rated issuance volumes in certain sectors, the Company believes that these declines are predominantly transitory in nature. However, due to various uncertainties, Moody's is unable to predict the severity and duration of current macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainties and their potential impact on future rated issuance volumes. Refer to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” contained in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further disclosure relating to these risks.

Russia/Ukraine Military Conflict

The Company is closely monitoring the impact of the ongoing Russia/Ukraine military conflict on all aspects of its business. In response to the military conflict, the Company is no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia for both MA and MIS and is complying with all applicable regulatory restrictions set forth by the jurisdictions in which Moody's operates. Furthermore, the Company also has withdrawn MIS credit ratings on Russian entities.

While Moody's Russian operations and net assets are not material, broader global market volatility, which partially relates to uncertainties surrounding the military conflict, has contributed to an adverse impact on rated issuance volumes. This impact to rated issuance volumes is more fully discussed in the "Results of Operations" section of this MD&A. The Company is unable to predict either the near-term or longer-term impact that the military conflict may have on its financial position and operating results due to numerous uncertainties regarding the severity and duration of the military conflict and its broader potential macroeconomic impact.

Reportable Segments

The Company is organized into two reportable segments as of June 30, 2023: MA and MIS, which are more fully described in the section entitled “The Company” above and in Note 17 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following footnotes are applicable throughout the discussion of the Company's results of operations:

(1) Refer to the section entitled "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" of this MD&A for the definition and methodology that the Company utilizes to calculate this metric.

(2) Refer to the section entitled "Key Performance Metrics" of this MD&A for the definition and methodology that the Company utilizes to calculate this metric.

(3) Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures. Refer to the section entitled "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" of this MD&A for further information regarding these measures.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with three months ended June 30, 2022

Executive Summary

The following table provides an executive summary of key operating results for the quarter ended June 30, 2023. Following this executive summary is a more detailed discussion of the Company’s operating results as well as a discussion of the operating results of the Company’s reportable segments.

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	Three Months Ended June 30,
Financial measure:	2023			2022			% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)		Insight and Key Drivers of Change Compared to Prior Year
Moody's total revenue	$	1,494		$	1,381		8	%	— reflects growth in both segments
MA external revenue	$	747		$	675		11	%	— sustained demand for KYC and insurance solutions; — continued growth from SaaS-based banking offerings; and — ongoing strong retention and new sales for ratings data feeds
MIS external revenue	$	747		$	706		6	%	— increased investment-grade and speculative-grade corporate debt issuance relative to suppressed activity in the prior year; partially offset by: — declines across most asset classes in SFG reflecting a decrease in securitization activity amidst capital market volatility
Total operating and SG&A expenses	$	841		$	761		(11	%)	— higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation aligned with actual/expected financial and operating performance; and — costs to support continued investment in product and technology innovation initiatives
Depreciation and amortization	$	93		$	81		(15	%)	— higher amortization of internally developed software, primarily related to the development of MA SaaS solutions
Restructuring	$	10		$	31		68	%	— relates to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program, more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements
Total non-operating (expense) income, net	$	(58)		$	(65)		11 %		Expense decline primarily due to: — FX translation losses of $20 million reclassified to earnings in the prior year resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia; — higher gains on certain of the Company's investments of $14 million; and — higher interest income of $13 million resulting from higher cash balances and interest yields; partially offset by: — higher realized losses of $24 million on fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps resulting from higher interest rates (more fully discussed in Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements)
Operating margin	36.8		%	36.8		%	—	BPS	— operating margin was flat, with revenue growth offset by an increase in operating and SG&A expenses — adjusted operating margin decrease reflects growth in operating and SG&A expenses outpacing revenue growth
Adjusted Operating Margin	43.7		%	44.9		%	(120	BPS)
ETR	23.4		%	26.2		%	(280	BPS)	— lower ETR is primarily due to higher excess tax benefits realized from stock-based compensation, along with a non-deductible FX translation loss in 2022 resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia
Diluted EPS	$	2.05		$	1.77		16	%	— reflects higher operating income and Adjusted Operating Income
Adjusted Diluted EPS	$	2.30		$	2.22		4	%

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Moody's Corporation


	Three Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
United States	$	782		$	723		8	%
Non-U.S.:
EMEA	470			422			11	%
Asia-Pacific	146			151			(3	%)
Americas	96			85			13	%
Total Non-U.S.	712			658			8	%
Total	1,494			1,381			8	%
Expenses:
Operating	426			393			(8	%)
SG&A	415			368			(13	%)
Depreciation and amortization	93			81			(15	%)
Restructuring	10			31			68	%



Total	944			873			(8	%)
Operating income	$	550		$	508		8	%
Adjusted Operating Income (3)	$	653		$	620		5	%
Interest expense, net	$	(71)		$	(55)		(29	%)
Other non-operating income, net	13			(10)			(230	%)
Non-operating (expense) income, net	$	(58)		$	(65)		11	%

Net income attributable to Moody's	$	377		$	327		15	%
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	184.1			184.9			—	%
Diluted EPS attributable to Moody's common shareholders	$	2.05		$	1.77		16	%
Adjusted Diluted EPS (3)	$	2.30		$	2.22		4	%
Operating margin	36.8		%	36.8		%
Adjusted Operating Margin(3)	43.7		%	44.9		%
Effective tax rate	23.4		%	26.2		%

The table below shows Moody’s global staffing by geographic area:


		June 30,		Change
		2023	2022	%

MA	U.S.	3,036	2,740	11	%
	Non-U.S.	4,750	4,179	14	%
	Total	7,786	6,919	13	%
MIS	U.S.	1,427	1,527	(7	%)
	Non-U.S.	3,742	3,991	(6	%)
	Total	5,169	5,518	(6	%)


MSS	U.S.	658	765	(14	%)
	Non-U.S.	1,022	1,004	2	%
	Total	1,680	1,769	(5	%)

Total MCO	U.S.	5,121	5,032	2	%
	Non-U.S.	9,514	9,174	4	%
	Total	14,635	14,206	3	%

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GLOBAL REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Global revenue ⇑ $113 million

U.S. Revenue ⇑ $59 million

Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $54 million

The increase in global revenue reflected growth in both MA and MIS, both in the U.S. and internationally. Refer to the section entitled “Segment Results” of this MD&A for a more fulsome discussion of the Company’s segment revenue.

Second Quarter Operating Expense ⇑ $33 million

Second Quarter SG&A Expense ⇑ $47 million

--------- --------- 1673

Compensation expenses increased $27 million reflecting:

Compensation expenses increased $36 million reflecting:

— approximately 90% of the increase reflects higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation, which aligns with actual/projected financial and operating performance.

— approximately 60% of the increase reflects higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation, which aligns with actual/projected financial and operating performance; and

— approximately 20% of the increase reflects higher salaries and benefits primarily reflecting hiring and salary increases in MA to support continued growth in the business.

Non-compensation expenses increased $11 million reflecting:

— approximately 50% of the increase reflects higher travel and entertainment costs; and

— approximately 30% of the increase reflects higher costs to support continued investments related to technology innovation initiatives.


Depreciation and amortization

The increase is driven by amortization of internally developed software, which is primarily related to the development of MA SaaS solutions.

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Restructuring

The restructuring charge in both periods relates to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Operating margin 36.8%, in line with prior year

Adjusted Operating Margin 43.7%, down 120 BPS

Overall, operating margin was flat, with revenue growth offset by an increase in operating and SG&A expenses. Adjusted Operating Margin decline reflects growth in operating and SG&A expenses outpacing revenue growth.

Interest Expense, net ⇑ $16 million

Other non-operating income ⇑ $23 million

Increase in expense is primarily due to:

Increase in income is primarily due to:

— higher realized losses of $24 million on fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps resulting from higher interest rates (more fully discussed in Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements); partially offset by

— FX translation losses of $20 million reclassified to earnings in the prior year resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia; and

— higher interest income of $13 million reflecting higher cash balances and interest yields.

— higher gains of $15 million on certain of the Company's investments; partially offset by

— an $11 million benefit in the prior year from statute of limitations lapses on certain indemnification obligations relating to the MAKS divestiture.


						ETR ⇓ 280 BPS

The decrease in the ETR is primarily due to higher excess tax benefits realized from stock-based compensation, along with a non-deductible foreign currency translation loss in 2022 resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia.

Diluted EPS ⇑ $0.28

Adjusted Diluted EPS ⇑ $0.08

Diluted EPS and Adjusted Diluted EPS increased mainly due to higher operating income and Adjusted Operating Income, respectively, the components of which are more fully described above. Refer to the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” of this MD&A for items excluded in the derivation of Adjusted Diluted EPS.

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Segment Results

Moody’s Analytics

The table below provides a summary of revenue and operating results, followed by further insight and commentary:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
Decision Solutions (DS)	$	334		$	294		14	%
Research and Insights (R&I)	217			203			7	%
Data and Information (D&I)	196			178			10	%
Total external revenue	747			675			11	%
Intersegment revenue	4			1			300	%
Total MA revenue	751			676			11	%
Expenses:
Operating and SG&A (external)	495			428			(16	%)
Operating and SG&A (intersegment)	46			43			(7	%)
Total operating and SG&A	541			471			(15	%)











Adjusted Operating Income	$	210		$	205		2	%


Adjusted Operating Margin	28.0		%	30.3		%

Depreciation and amortization	74			60			(23	%)
Restructuring	8			16			50	%

MOODY'S ANALYTICS REVENUE


Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


MA: Global revenue ⇑ $72 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $30 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $42 million

The 11% increase in global MA revenue reflects growth both in the U.S. (10%) and internationally (11%).

–ARR(2) increased 10% reflecting strong growth across all LOBs.

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DECISION SOLUTIONS REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


DS: Global revenue ⇑ $40 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $20 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $20 million

Global DS revenue grew 14% compared to the second quarter of 2022 and reflects increases in both the U.S. (17%) and internationally (11%). ARR(2) grew 10% for DS, reflecting continued demand for KYC, banking and insurance products.

The most notable drivers of the growth reflect:

–continued demand for KYC and compliance solutions reflecting increased customer and supplier risk data usage which drove ARR(2) growth of 18% for these solutions;

–growth in subscription-based revenue for actuarial modeling tools and solutions to support of certain international accounting standards relating to insurance contracts which resulted in ARR(2) increasing by 6%; and

–broad growth across banking offerings following Moody's investments in SaaS-based solutions for lending, risk management and finance workflows, which resulted in ARR(2) growth of 10%.

RESEARCH AND INSIGHTS REVENUE


Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________


R&I: Global revenue ⇑ $14 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $4 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $10 million

Global R&I revenue increased 7% compared to the second quarter of 2022 and reflects growth in both the U.S. (3%) and internationally (11%), mainly driven by continued strong retention and demand for credit research, analytics and models.

ARR(2) grew 9% primarily reflecting the aforementioned strong retention and demand for credit research, analytics and models.

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DATA AND INFORMATION REVENUE


Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

________________________________________________________________________________________________________


D&I: Global revenue ⇑ $18 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $6 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $12 million

Global D&I revenue increased 10% compared to the second quarter of 2022 and reflects growth in both the U.S. (10%) and internationally (10%), mainly driven by:

–strong retention and new sales for ratings feeds coupled with higher pricing realization; and

–continued demand for company data.

ARR(2) grew 9% reflecting increasing demand for company data and ratings data feed products.


						MA: Second Quarter Operating and SG&A Expense ⇑ $67 million

The increase in operating and SG&A expenses compared to the second quarter of 2022 reflects growth in both compensation and non-compensation costs of $34 million and $33 million, respectively. The most notable drivers of these changes were:


Compensation costs						Non-compensation costs
Notable drivers of expense growth:						Notable drivers of expense growth:
— approximately half of the growth relates to higher salaries and benefits resulting from headcount growth and annual salary increases; and						— approximately half of the increase reflects higher costs to support strategic investments in technology, innovation and product development;
— approximately 40% of the growth reflects higher incentive and performance-based equity compensation accruals which are aligned with actual/expected financial and operational performance as well as headcount growth.						— approximately 20% of the increase reflects higher bad debt expense; and
						— approximately 20% of the increase reflects higher travel and entertainment costs correlated with business growth.

MA: Adjusted Operating Margin 28.0% ⇓ 230 BPS

The Adjusted Operating Margin decrease for MA is primarily due to operating and SG&A expense growth of 16% outpacing the 11% increase in global MA revenue.


Depreciation and amortization

The increase in depreciation and amortization expense primarily reflects higher amortization of internally developed software relating to the development of SaaS-based solutions.

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Restructuring Charge

The restructuring charges in both periods relate to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Moody’s Investors Service

The table below provides a summary of revenue and operating results, followed by further insight and commentary:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
Corporate finance (CFG)	$	365		$	322		13	%
Structured finance (SFG)	102			123			(17	%)
Financial institutions (FIG)	145			128			13	%
Public, project and infrastructure finance (PPIF)	127			122			4	%
Total ratings revenue	739			695			6	%
MIS Other	8			11			(27	%)
Total external revenue	747			706			6	%
Intersegment revenue	46			43			7	%
Total MIS revenue	793			749			6	%
Expenses:
Operating and SG&A (external)	346			333			(4	%)
Operating and SG&A (intersegment)	4			1			(300	%)
Total operating and SG&A	350			334			(5	%)








Adjusted Operating Income	$	443		$	415		7	%


Adjusted Operating Margin	55.9		%	55.4		%

Depreciation and amortization	19			21			10	%
Restructuring	2			15			87	%

The following chart presents changes in rated issuance volumes compared to the second quarter of 2022. To the extent that changes in rated issuance volumes had a material impact to MIS's revenue compared to the prior year, those impacts are discussed below.

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MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


MIS: Global revenue ⇑ $41 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $29 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $12 million

–The increase in global MIS revenue primarily reflects growth in CFG and FIG revenue partially offset by a decline across most asset classes in SFG.

CFG REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


CFG: Global revenue ⇑ $43 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $29 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $14 million

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Global CFG revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

The increase in CFG revenue of 13% reflects increases in both U.S. (14%) and internationally (13%).

Transaction revenue increased $37 million compared to the same period in the prior year, with the most notable drivers of the growth reflecting:

•higher investment-grade rated issuance volumes reflecting both refinancing activity and issuance to fund M&A amidst improving market sentiment; and

•higher speculative-grade rated issuance volumes compared to significantly suppressed issuance in the prior year resulting from market volatility in 2022 relating to macroeconomic uncertainties, rising borrowing costs and the Russia/Ukraine military conflict.

SFG REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023---------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


SFG: Global revenue ⇓ $21 million			U.S. Revenue ⇓ $23 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $2 million

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Global SFG revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

The 17% decrease in SFG revenue reflected declines in the U.S. (28%) slightly offset by an increase internationally (5%).

Transaction revenue decreased $25 million compared to the second quarter of 2022.

The decline in SFG revenue reflected lower securitization activity across most asset classes, most notably in CMBS, resulting from higher credit spreads and market volatility given ongoing geopolitical and macroeconomic uncertainties.

FIG REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


FIG: Global revenue ⇑ $17 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $20 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇓ $3 million

Global FIG revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

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The increase in FIG revenue of 13% reflected revenue growth in the U.S. (38%) partially offset by declines internationally (4%).

Transaction revenue increased $16 million compared to the second quarter of 2022.

The growth primarily reflects:

•higher rated issuance volumes in the insurance sector due to certain large deals in the sector for refinancing purposes; and

•an increase in banking revenue primarily due to a favorable product mix.

PPIF REVENUE

Three months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


PPIF: Global revenue ⇑ $5 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $5 million			Non-U.S. Revenue was in line with prior year

Global PPIF revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

Transaction revenue increased $2 million compared to the second quarter of 2022.

The modest increase in PPIF revenue of 4% primarily reflected growth in the U.S. (6%).

The main drivers of the growth were:

–increases in investment-grade infrastructure finance activity in the U.S.;

partially offset by:

–lower U.S. public finance issuance given the impact of Federal Reserve monetary policy tightening and ongoing interest rate volatility.

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						MIS: Second Quarter Operating and SG&A Expense ⇑ $13 million

The increase is primarily due to higher compensation costs of $27 million, partially offset by a $14 million decrease in non-compensation expenses. The most notable drivers of these changes are as follows:


Compensation costs						Non-compensation costs
Notable drivers of expense growth:						Notable drivers of decline in expense:
— higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation, which aligns with actual and projected financial and operating performance.						— approximately 50% of the decrease relates to lower consulting expenses; and
						— approximately 35% of the decline relates to higher bad debt expense in the prior year primarily resulting from the impact of the Russia/Ukraine military conflict.

MIS: Adjusted Operating Margin 55.9% ⇑ 50 BPS

The MIS Adjusted Operating Margin expansion primarily reflected the aforementioned 6% increase in revenue.


Restructuring Charge

The restructuring charges in both periods relate to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program, as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with six months ended June 30, 2022

Executive Summary

–The following table provides an executive summary of key operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Following this executive summary is a more detailed discussion of the Company’s operating results as well as a discussion of the operating results of the Company’s reportable segments.


	Six Months Ended June 30,
Financial measure:	2023			2022			% Change		Insight and Key Drivers of Change Compared to Prior Year
Moody's total revenue	$	2,964		$	2,903		2	%	— reflects growth in MA, partially offset by lower MIS revenue
MA external revenue	$	1,484		$	1,370		8	%	— sustained demand for KYC and insurance solutions; — ongoing strong retention for ratings data feeds; and — elevated usage and demand for economic research and default models
MIS external revenue	$	1,480		$	1,533		(3	%)	— decline primarily reflects lower bank loan and SFG issuance activity resulting from market volatility relating to macroeconomic uncertainties, higher borrowing costs and the Russia/Ukraine military conflict; partially offset by — increases in investment grade corporate debt issuance compared to suppressed activity in the prior year
Total operating and SG&A expenses	$	1,655		$	1,549		(7	%)	— higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation aligned with actual/expected financial and operating performance; and — costs to support continued investment in product and technology innovation initiatives
Depreciation and amortization	$	181		$	159		(14	%)	— higher amortization relating to internally developed software, primarily related to the development of MA SaaS solutions
Restructuring	$	24		$	31		23	%	— relates to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program, more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements
Total non-operating (expense) income, net	$	(106)		$	(112)		5	%	— higher gains on certain of the Company's investments of $25 million; — a $22 million benefit related to the resolutions of tax matters in the first quarter of 2023; and — increase in interest income of $21 million related to higher cash balances and interest yields; partially offset by: — higher realized losses of $48 million on fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps resulting from higher interest rates (more fully discussed in Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements)
Operating margin	37.2		%	40.1		%	(290 BPS)		— margin declines are primarily due to the aforementioned increase in expenses outpacing revenue growth
Adjusted Operating Margin	44.2		%	46.6		%	(240 BPS)
ETR	12.0		%	21.6		%	960BPS		— lower ETR primarily reflects tax benefits recognized in the first quarter of 2023, which resulted from the resolutions of uncertain tax positions in various U.S. and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions
Diluted EPS	$	4.77		$	4.45		7	%	— increase reflects a $0.75/share benefit related to the resolutions of tax matters in the first quarter of 2023, partially offset by lower operating income/Adjusted Operating Income
Adjusted Diluted EPS	$	5.29		$	5.11		4	%

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Moody’s Corporation


	Six Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
United States	$	1,552		$	1,546		—	%
Non-U.S.:
EMEA	921			878			5	%
Asia-Pacific	297			293			1	%
Americas	194			186			4	%
Total Non-U.S.	1,412			1,357			4	%
Total	2,964			2,903			2	%
Expenses:
Operating	854			810			(5	%)
SG&A	801			739			(8	%)
Depreciation and amortization	181			159			(14	%)
Restructuring	24			31			23	%


Total	1,860			1,739			(7	%)
Operating income	1,104			1,164			(5	%)
Adjusted Operating Income (1)	1,309			1,354			(3	%)
Interest expense, net	(119)			(108)			(10	%)
Other non-operating income, net	13			(4)			NM
Non-operating (expense) income, net	(106)			(112)			5	%

Net income attributable to Moody’s	$	878		$	825		6	%
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	184.1			185.4			1	%
Diluted EPS attributable to Moody’s common shareholders	$	4.77		$	4.45		7	%
Adjusted Diluted EPS (1)	$	5.29		$	5.11		4	%
Operating margin	37.2		%	40.1		%
Adjusted Operating Margin (1)	44.2		%	46.6		%
Effective tax rate	12.0		%	21.6		%

GLOBAL REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Global revenue ⇑ $61 million

U.S. Revenue ⇑ $6 million

Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $55 million

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Modest growth in global revenue reflected increases in MA in all regions, partially offset by declines in MIS in all regions. Refer to the section entitled “Segment Results” of this MD&A for a more fulsome discussion of the Company’s segment revenue.

YTD Operating Expense ⇑ $44 million

YTD SG&A Expense ⇑ $62 million

------------------------------------ 1191

Compensation expenses increased $29 million reflecting:

Compensation expenses increased $59 million reflecting:

— approximately 80% of the increase reflects higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation, which aligns with actual/projected financial and operating performance.

— approximately 20% of the increase reflects higher salaries primarily relating to hiring and salary increases in MA to support continued growth in the business.

Non-compensation expenses increased $15 million reflecting:

— approximately 80% of the increase reflects higher costs to support strategic investments in technology, innovation and product development.


Depreciation and amortization

The increase in depreciation and amortization expense is driven by amortization of internally developed software, which is primarily related to the development of MA SaaS solutions.


Restructuring

The restructuring charge in both periods relates to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program, as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Operating margin 37.2%, down 290 BPS

Adjusted Operating Margin 44.2%, down 240 BPS

Overall, margin declines primarily resulted from the aforementioned decrease in MIS revenue coupled with increases in operating and SG&A expenses in the MA segment.

Interest Expense, net ⇑ $11 million

Other non-operating income ⇑ $17 million


Increase in expense is primarily due to:						Increase in income is primarily due to:
— higher realized losses of $48 million on fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps resulting from higher interest rates (more fully discussed in Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements); partially offset by						— higher gains of $25 million on certain of the Company's investments; and — prior year FX translation losses of $20 million reclassified to earnings resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia; partially offset by
— higher interest income of $21 million reflecting higher cash balances and interest yields; and						— FX losses of $23M recorded in the first quarter of 2023 mostly due to an immaterial out-of-period adjustment relating to the 2022 fiscal year.
— a $22 million benefit related to the resolutions of tax matters in the first quarter of 2023.

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						ETR ⇓ 960 BPS

The decrease in ETR primarily reflects the resolutions of uncertain tax positions in various U.S. and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions in the first quarter of 2023, which resulted in a decrease to the provision for income taxes of $113 million.

Diluted EPS ⇑ $0.32

Adjusted Diluted EPS ⇑ $0.18

Diluted EPS and Adjusted Diluted EPS growth reflects a $0.75/share benefit related to the resolutions of tax matters in the first quarter of 2023, partially offset by lower operating income and Adjusted Operating Income, respectively, the components of which are more fully described above. Refer to the section entitled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” of this MD&A for items excluded in the derivation of Adjusted Diluted EPS.

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Moody’s Analytics

The table below provides a summary of revenue and operating results, followed by further insight and commentary:


	Six Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
Decision Solutions (DS)	$	668		$	608		10	%
Research and Insights (R&I)	432			406			6	%
Data and Information (D&I)	384			356			8	%
Total external revenue	1,484			1,370			8	%
Intersegment revenue	7			3			133	%
Total MA Revenue	1,491			1,373			9	%
Expenses:
Operating and SG&A (external)	976			858			(14	%)
Operating and SG&A (intersegment)	91			86			(6	%)


Total operating and SG&A expense	1,067			944			(13	%)


Adjusted Operating Income	$	424		$	429		(1	%)

Adjusted Operating Margin	28.4		%	31.2		%

Depreciation and amortization	144			120			(20	%)
Restructuring	16			16			—	%

MOODY'S ANALYTICS REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


MA: Global revenue ⇑ $114 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $44 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $70 million

The 8% increase in global MA revenue reflects growth both in the U.S. (7%) and internationally (9%) across all LOBs.

–ARR(2) grew 10% reflecting strong growth across all LOBs.

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DECISION SOLUTIONS REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


DS: Global revenue ⇑ $60 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $26 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $34 million

Global DS revenue and ARR(2) both grew 10% compared to the first half of 2022 with the most notable drivers of the increase reflecting:

–continued demand for KYC and compliance solutions reflecting increased customer and supplier risk data usage, which drove ARR(2) growth of 18%;

–growth in subscription-based revenue for actuarial modeling tools and products supporting the adoption of certain international accounting standards relating to insurance contracts which resulted in ARR(2) growth of 6%;

–broad growth across banking offerings following Moody's investments in SaaS-based solutions, which resulted in ARR(2) growth of 10%; and

–higher revenue from RMS primarily due to a reduction of revenue in 2022 pursuant to a fair value adjustment to deferred revenue previously required as part of acquisition accounting.

RESEARCH AND INSIGHTS REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


R&I: Global revenue ⇑ $26 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $5 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $21 million

Global R&I revenue increased 6% compared to the first half of 2022 mainly driven by growth in recurring revenue of 7%, primarily due to continued strong retention and demand for credit research, analytics and models.

ARR(2) grew 9% reflecting the aforementioned strong retention and demand for credit research, analytics and models.

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DATA AND INFORMATION REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


D&I: Global revenue ⇑ $28 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $13 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $15 million

Global D&I revenue increased 8% compared to the first half of 2022 and reflects growth in both U.S. (11%) and internationally (6%), mainly driven by:

–continued strong retention and new sales for ratings feeds coupled with higher price realization; and

–increased demand for company data.

ARR(2) grew 9% reflecting increasing demand for company data and ratings data feed products.


						MA: YTD Operating and SG&A Expense ⇑ $118 million

The increase in operating and SG&A expenses compared to the first six months of 2022 is primarily due to growth in both compensation and non-compensation costs of $62 million and $56 million, respectively, reflecting:


Compensation costs						Non-compensation costs
Notable drivers of expense growth:						Notable drivers of expense growth:
— approximately half of the growth is related to an increase in salaries reflecting higher headcount and annual salary increases; and						— approximately 60% of the increase reflects higher costs to support strategic investments in technology, innovation and product development; and
— approximately 40% of the increase reflects higher incentive and performance-based equity compensation aligned with actual/expected financial and operational performance as well as headcount growth.
						— approximately 25% of the increase reflects higher travel and entertainment expenses correlated with business growth.

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MA: Adjusted Operating Margin 28.4% ⇓ 280BPS

The Adjusted Operating Margin decrease for MA is primarily due to operating and SG&A expense growth of 14% outpacing the 9% increase in global MA revenue.


Depreciation and amortization

The increase in depreciation and amortization expense primarily reflects higher amortization of internally developed software relating to the development of SaaS-based solutions.


Restructuring

The restructuring charges in both periods relate to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Moody’s Investors Service

The table below provides a summary of revenue and operating results, followed by further insight and commentary:


	Six Months Ended June 30,						% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023			2022
Revenue:
Corporate finance (CFG)	$	721		$	739		(2	%)
Structured finance (SFG)	201			267			(25	%)
Financial institutions (FIG)	287			259			11	%
Public, project and infrastructure finance (PPIF)	256			245			4	%
Total ratings revenue	1,465			1,510			(3	%)
MIS Other	15			23			(35	%)
Total external revenue	1,480			1,533			(3	%)
Intersegment royalty	91			86			6	%
Total	1,571			1,619			(3	%)
Expenses:
Operating and SG&A (external)	679			691			2	%
Operating and SG&A (intersegment)	7			3			(133	%)
Total operating and SG&A expense	686			694			1	%

Adjusted Operating Income	$	885		$	925		(4	%)

Adjusted Operating Margin	56.3		%	57.1		%

Depreciation and amortization	37			39			5	%
Restructuring	8			15			NM

The following chart presents changes in rated issuance volumes compared to the first half of 2022. To the extent that changes in rated issuance volumes had a material impact to MIS's revenue compared to the prior year, those impacts are discussed below.

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MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


MIS: Global revenue ⇓ $53 million			U.S. Revenue ⇓ $38 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇓ $15 million

–The decrease in global MIS revenue primarily reflects a 5% decrease in total rated issuance volumes, which resulted in transaction revenue declining $64 million compared to the same period in the prior year. The decline in rated issuance volumes across many of the asset classes reflected ongoing credit market volatility relating to uncertainty around inflation, interest rates, recessionary concerns and stress in the banking sector following the failure of certain banks in the first quarter of 2023.

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CFG REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


CFG: Global revenue ⇓ $18 million			U.S. Revenue was in line with prior year			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇓ $18 million

Global CFG revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

The modest decline in CFG revenue reflected declines internationally of 7%.

Transaction revenue decreased $26 million compared to the same period in the prior year, with the most notable drivers reflecting:

–lower bank loan revenue across all regions as geopolitical and macroeconomic uncertainties have continued to impact issuance levels and M&A activity;

partially offset by:

–higher investment-grade rated issuance volumes reflecting both refinancing activity and issuance to fund certain large M&A transactions amidst improving market sentiment in the second quarter of 2023.

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SFG REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


SFG: Global revenue ⇓ $66 million			U.S. Revenue ⇓ $59 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇓ $7 million

Global SFG revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

The decrease in SFG revenue of 25% reflected declines in both the U.S. (33%) and internationally (8%). Transaction revenue decreased $72 million compared to the first half of 2022.

The decline in SFG revenue reflected lower securitization activity across all asset classes, most notably in CMBS, resulting from higher credit spreads and market volatility given ongoing geopolitical and macroeconomic uncertainties.

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FIG REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


FIG: Global revenue ⇑ $28 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $18 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $10 million

Global FIG revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

The increase in FIG revenue of 11% reflected growth in both the U.S. (15%) and internationally (7%) which resulted in a $25 million increase in transaction revenue compared to the same period in the prior year.

The most notable drivers of the increase reflected:

–a favorable product mix from infrequent bank and insurance issuers; and

–higher rated issuance volumes in the insurance sector due to certain large deals in the sector for refinancing purposes.

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PPIF REVENUE


Six months ended June 30,

2023-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2022

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________


PPIF: Global revenue ⇑ $11 million			U.S. Revenue ⇑ $6 million			Non-U.S. Revenue ⇑ $5 million

Global PPIF revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was comprised as follows:

Transaction revenue increased $8 million compared to the same period in the prior year.

The 4% increase in PPIF revenue reflected increases in both the U.S. (4%) and internationally (5%).

The main drivers of the growth were:

–increases in investment-grade infrastructure finance activity in the U.S. and internationally;

partially offset by:

–lower U.S. public finance activity as a result of the impact of Federal Reserve monetary policy tightening and ongoing interest rate volatility.


						MIS: YTD Operating and SG&A Expense ⇓ $12 million

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The decrease in operating and SG&A expense reflects a $37 million decrease in non-compensation expenses, partially offset by a $25 million increase in compensation costs. The most notable drivers of these changes are as follows:


Compensation costs						Non-compensation costs
Notable drivers of expense growth:						Notable drivers of decline in expense:
— higher incentive compensation accruals and performance-based equity compensation, which aligns with actual/projected financial and operating performance.						— approximately 35% of the decrease relates to ongoing cost control initiatives; and
						— higher bad debt expense in the prior year resulting from the impact of the Russia/Ukraine military conflict contributed approximately 45% of the decrease.


Other Expenses

The restructuring charges in both periods relates to the Company's 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program as more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Adjusted Operating Margin of 56.3% ⇓ 80 BPS

The MIS Adjusted Operating Margin decline primarily reflected the aforementioned 3% decrease in revenue.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Moody's remains committed to using its cash flow to create value for shareholders by both investing in the Company's employees and growing the business through targeted organic initiatives and inorganic acquisitions aligned with strategic priorities. Additional excess capital is returned to the Company’s shareholders via a combination of dividends and share repurchases.

Cash Flow

The Company is currently financing its operations, capital expenditures and share repurchases from operating and financing cash flows.

The following is a summary of the changes in the Company’s cash flows followed by a brief discussion of these changes:


	Six Months Ended June 30,				$ Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
	2023		2022		$ Change Favorable (Unfavorable)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	1,212	$	761	$	451
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(103)	$	(172)	$	69
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(624)	$	(712)	$	88
Free Cash Flow (1)	$	1,085	$	628	$	457

(1) Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP measure and is defined by the Company as net cash provided by operating activities minus cash paid for capital expenditures. Refer to “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” of this MD&A for further information on this financial measure.

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash flows from operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2023 increased by $451 million compared to the same period in 2022, with the most notable drivers reflecting:

–approximately $200 million in higher income tax payments in the prior year; and

–approximately $140 million in higher incentive compensation payments in the first half of 2022 (based on full-year 2021 financial and operating results) compared to payments made in the current year (based on full-year 2022 financial and operating results).

Net cash used in investing activities

The $69 million decrease in cash used in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily attributed to:

–higher net purchases of investments in the prior year of $110 million, reflecting the purchase of Moody's equity interest in GCR in the prior year coupled with lower net purchases of investments; and

–higher cash paid of $89 million in the prior year for acquisitions, primarily reflecting the acquisition of kompany in 2022;

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partially offset by:

–higher net cash receipts of $136 million in 2022 relating to the settlement of net investment hedges.

Net cash used in financing activities

The $88 million decrease in cash used in financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily attributed to:

–higher cash paid for treasury share repurchases in 2022 of $763 million, which includes payment for shares made under an ASR agreement executed in the first quarter of 2022;

partially offset by:

–long-term debt issuance of $491 million in 2022 that did not recur in 2023 (refer to the section "Material Cash Requirements" below for further discussion on the Company's financing arrangements); and

–a $200 million repayment of notes payable in the second quarter of 2023.

Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments

The Company’s aggregate cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $2.3 billion at June 30, 2023 included approximately $1.6 billion located outside of the U.S. Approximately 35% of the Company’s aggregate cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments is denominated in euros and British pounds. The Company manages both its U.S. and non-U.S. cash flow to maintain sufficient liquidity in all regions to effectively meet its operating needs.

As a result of the Tax Act, all previously net undistributed foreign earnings have now been subject to U.S. tax. The Company continues to evaluate which entities it will indefinitely reinvest earnings outside the U.S. The Company has provided deferred taxes for those entities whose earnings are not considered indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, the Company continues to repatriate a portion of its non-U.S. cash in these subsidiaries and will continue to repatriate certain of its offshore cash in a manner that addresses compliance with local statutory requirements, sufficient offshore working capital and any other factors that may be relevant in certain jurisdictions. Notwithstanding the Tax Act, which generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the U.S., cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes or withholding or similar taxes.

Material Cash Requirements

The Company's material cash requirements consist of the following contractual and other obligations:

Financing Arrangements

Indebtedness

At June 30, 2023, Moody’s had $7.2 billion of outstanding debt and approximately $1 billion of additional capacity available under the Company’s CP Program, which is backstopped by the $1.25 billion 2021 Facility.

The repayment schedule for the Company’s borrowings outstanding at June 30, 2023 is as follows:

For additional information on the Company's outstanding debt, refer to Note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Future interest payments and fees associated with the Company's debt and credit facility are expected to be approximately $5 billion, of which approximately $300 million is expected to be paid in each of the next five years, and the remaining amount expected to be paid thereafter.

Management may consider pursuing additional long-term financing when it is appropriate in light of cash requirements for operations, share repurchases and other strategic opportunities, which could result in higher financing costs.

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Purchase Obligations

Purchase obligations generally include multi-year agreements with vendors to purchase goods or services and mainly include data center/cloud hosting fees and fees for information technology licensing and maintenance. As of June 30, 2023, these purchase obligations totaled $706 million, of which approximately 40% is expected to be paid in the next twelve months and another approximate 40% expected to be paid over the next two subsequent years.

Leases

The Company has remaining payments relating to its operating leases of $484 million at June 30, 2023, primarily related to real estate leases, of which $117 million in payments are expected over the next twelve months. For more information on the expected cash flows relating to the Company's operating leases, refer to Note 15 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pension and Other Retirement Plan Obligations

The Company does not anticipate making significant contributions to its funded pension plan in the next twelve months. This plan is overfunded at June 30, 2023, and accordingly holds sufficient investments to fund future benefit obligations. Payments for the Company's unfunded plans are not expected to be material in either the short or long-term.

Dividends and share repurchases

On July 24, 2023, the Board approved the declaration of a quarterly dividend of $0.77 per share for Moody’s common stock, payable September 8, 2023 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 18, 2023. The continued payment of dividends at this rate, or at all, is subject to the discretion of the Board.

On February 9, 2021, the Board approved $1 billion in share repurchase authority, and on February 7, 2022, the Board approved an additional $750 million of share repurchase authority. At June 30, 2023, the Company had approximately $740 million of remaining authority. There is no established expiration date for the remaining authorizations.

Restructuring

As more fully discussed in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company is currently in the process of executing the 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program. This program relates to the Company's post-COVID-19 geolocation strategy and includes the rationalization and exit of certain real estate leases and a reduction in staff, including the relocation of certain job functions. Future cash outlays associated with this program, which will primarily consist of personnel-related costs, are expected to be approximately $30 million to $40 million, which are expected to be paid through 2024.

Sources of Funding to Satisfy Material Cash Requirements

The Company believes that it has the financial resources needed to meet its cash requirements and expects to have positive operating cash flow over the next twelve months. Cash requirements for periods beyond the next twelve months will depend, among other things, on the Company’s profitability and its ability to manage working capital requirements. The Company may also borrow from various sources as described above.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

In addition to its reported results, Moody’s has included in this MD&A certain adjusted results that the SEC defines as “Non-GAAP financial measures.” Management believes that such adjusted financial measures, when read in conjunction with the Company’s reported results, can provide useful supplemental information for investors analyzing period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s performance, facilitate comparisons to competitors’ operating results and can provide greater transparency to investors of supplemental information used by management in its financial and operational decision-making. These adjusted measures, as defined by the Company, are not necessarily comparable to similarly defined measures of other companies. Furthermore, these adjusted measures should not be viewed in isolation or used as a substitute for other GAAP measures in assessing the operating performance or cash flows of the Company. Below are brief descriptions of the Company’s adjusted financial measures accompanied by a reconciliation of the adjusted measure to its most directly comparable GAAP measure:

Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin:

The Company presents Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin because management deems these metrics to be useful measures to provide additional perspective on Moody's operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income excludes the impact of: i) depreciation and amortization; and ii) restructuring charges/adjustments. Depreciation and amortization are excluded because companies utilize productive assets of different estimated useful lives and use different methods of acquiring and depreciating productive assets. Restructuring charges/adjustments are excluded as the frequency and magnitude of these charges may vary widely across periods and companies.

Management believes that the exclusion of the aforementioned items, as detailed in the reconciliation below, allows for an additional perspective on the Company’s operating results from period to period and across companies. The Company defines Adjusted Operating Margin as Adjusted Operating Income divided by revenue.

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	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Operating income	$	550		$	508		$	1,104		$	1,164
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization	93			81			181			159
Restructuring	10			31			24			31
Adjusted Operating Income	$	653		$	620		$	1,309		$	1,354
Operating margin	36.8		%	36.8		%	37.2		%	40.1		%
Adjusted Operating Margin	43.7		%	44.9		%	44.2		%	46.6		%

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS attributable to Moody's common shareholders:

The Company presents Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS because management deems these metrics to be useful measures to provide additional perspective on Moody’s operating performance. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude the impact of: i) amortization of acquired intangible assets; ii) restructuring charges/adjustments; and iii) FX translation losses reclassified to earnings resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia.

The Company excludes the impact of amortization of acquired intangible assets as companies utilize intangible assets with different estimated useful lives and have different methods of acquiring and amortizing intangible assets. These intangible assets were recorded as part of acquisition accounting and contribute to revenue generation. The amortization of intangible assets related to acquisitions will recur in future periods until such intangible assets have been fully amortized. Furthermore, the timing and magnitude of business combination transactions are not predictable and the purchase price allocated to amortizable intangible assets and the related amortization period are unique to each acquisition and can vary significantly from period to period and across companies. Restructuring charges/adjustments and FX translation losses resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia are excluded as the frequency and magnitude of these items may vary widely across periods and companies.

The Company excludes the aforementioned items to provide additional perspective when comparing net income and diluted EPS from period to period and across companies as the frequency and magnitude of similar transactions may vary widely across periods.

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	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
Amounts in millions	2023				2022				2023				2022
Net income attributable to Moody's common shareholders			$	377			$	327			$	878			$	825



Pre-Tax Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses	$	50			$	51			$	101			$	102
Tax on Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses	(12)				(12)				(24)				(24)
Net Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses			38				39				77				78

Pre-Tax Restructuring	$	10			$	31			$	24			$	31
Tax on Restructuring	(2)				(7)				(6)				(7)
Net Restructuring			8				24				18				24
FX losses resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia			—				20				—				20
Adjusted Net Income			$	423			$	410			$	973			$	947


	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Moody's common shareholders			$	2.05			$	1.77			$	4.77			$	4.45



Pre-Tax Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses	$	0.27			$	0.28			$	0.55			$	0.55
Tax on Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses	(0.06)				(0.07)				(0.13)				(0.13)
Net Acquisition-Related Intangible Amortization Expenses			0.21				0.21				0.42				0.42

Pre-Tax Restructuring	$	0.05			$	0.17			$	0.13			$	0.17
Tax on Restructuring	(0.01)				(0.04)				(0.03)				(0.04)
Net Restructuring			0.04				0.13				0.10				0.13
FX losses resulting from the Company no longer conducting commercial operations in Russia			—				0.11				—				0.11
Adjusted Diluted EPS			$	2.30			$	2.22			$	5.29			$	5.11

Note: the tax impacts in the table above were calculated using tax rates in effect in the jurisdiction for which the item relates.

Free Cash Flow:

The Company defines Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities minus payments for capital additions. Management believes that Free Cash Flow is a useful metric in assessing the Company’s cash flows to service debt, pay dividends and to fund acquisitions and share repurchases. Management deems capital expenditures essential to the Company’s product and service innovations and maintenance of Moody’s operational capabilities. Accordingly, capital expenditures are deemed to be a recurring use of Moody’s cash flow. Below is a reconciliation of the Company’s net cash flows from operating activities to Free Cash Flow:


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	1,212	$	761
Capital additions	(127)		(133)
Free Cash Flow	$	1,085	$	628
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(103)	$	(172)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(624)	$	(712)

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Key Performance Metrics:

The Company presents Annualized Recurring Revenue (“ARR”) on a constant currency organic basis for its MA business as a supplemental performance metric to provide additional insight on the estimated value of MA's recurring revenue contracts at a given point in time. The Company uses ARR to manage and monitor performance of its MA operating segment and believes that this metric is a key indicator of the trajectory of MA's recurring revenue base.

The Company calculates ARR by taking the total recurring contract value for each active renewable contract as of the reporting date, divided by the number of days in the contract and multiplied by 365 days to create an annualized value. The Company defines renewable contracts as subscriptions, term licenses, maintenance and renewable services. ARR excludes transaction sales including training, one-time services and perpetual licenses. In order to compare period-over-period ARR excluding the effects of foreign currency translation, the Company bases the calculation on currency rates utilized in its current year operating budget and holds these FX rates constant for the duration of all current and prior periods being reported. Additionally, ARR excludes contracts related to acquisitions to provide additional perspective in assessing growth excluding the impacts from certain acquisition activity.

The Company’s definition of ARR may differ from definitions utilized by other companies reporting similarly named measures, and this metric should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.


Amounts in millions	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Change		Growth






MA ARR
Decision Solutions (DS)
Banking	$	390	$	355	$	35	10%
Insurance	497		467		30		6%
KYC	292		248		44		18%
Total DS	$	1,179	$	1,070	$	109	10%
Research and Insights	843		774		69		9%
Data and Information	759		695		64		9%
Total MA ARR	$	2,781	$	2,539	$	242	10%

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Refer to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements located in Part I of this Form 10-Q for a discussion on the impact to the Company relating to recently issued accounting pronouncements.

CONTINGENCIES

Legal proceedings in which the Company is involved also may impact Moody’s liquidity or operating results. No assurance can be provided as to the outcome of such proceedings. In addition, litigation inherently involves significant costs. For information regarding legal proceedings, see Item 1 - "Financial Statements," Note 16 "Contingencies” in this Form 10-Q.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements and are based on future expectations, plans and prospects for the Company's business and operations that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such statements involve estimates, projections, goals, forecasts, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Those statements appear at various places throughout this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, including in the sections entitled “Contingencies” under Item 2, “MD&A,” commencing on page 42 of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, under “Legal Proceedings” in Part II, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q, and elsewhere in the context of statements containing the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “strategy,” “aspire,” “target,” “forecast,” “project,” “estimate,” “should,” “could,” “may,” and similar expressions or words and variations thereof relating to the Company’s views on future events, trends and contingencies or otherwise convey the prospective nature of events or outcomes generally indicative of forward-looking statements. Stockholders and investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements and other information in this document are made as of the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and the Company undertakes no obligation (nor does it intend) to publicly supplement, update or revise such statements on a going-forward basis, whether as a result of subsequent developments, changed expectations or otherwise, except as required by applicable law or regulation. In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the Company is identifying certain factors that could cause actual results to differ, perhaps materially, from those indicated by these forward-looking statements.

Those factors, risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

•the impact of current economic conditions, including capital market disruptions, inflation and related monetary policy actions by governments in response to inflation, on worldwide credit markets and on economic activity, including on the volume of mergers and acquisitions, and their effects on the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets;

•the uncertain effectiveness and possible collateral consequences of U.S. and foreign government initiatives and monetary policy to respond to the current economic climate, including instability of financial institutions, credit quality concerns, and other potential impacts of volatility in financial and credit markets;

•the global impact of the Russia/Ukraine military conflict on volatility in world financial markets, on general economic conditions and GDP in the U.S. and worldwide, on global relations and on the Company's own operations and personnel;

•other matters that could affect the volume of debt and other securities issued in domestic and/or global capital markets, including regulation, increased utilization of technologies that have the potential to intensify competition and accelerate disruption and disintermediation in the financial services industry, as well as the number of issuances of securities without ratings or securities which are rated or evaluated by non-traditional parties;

•the level of merger and acquisition activity in the U.S. and abroad;

•the uncertain effectiveness and possible collateral consequences of U.S. and foreign government actions affecting credit markets, international trade and economic policy, including those related to tariffs, tax agreements and trade barriers;

•the impact of MIS’s withdrawal of its credit ratings on countries or entities within countries and of Moody’s no longer conducting commercial operations in countries where political instability warrants such actions;

•concerns in the marketplace affecting our credibility or otherwise affecting market perceptions of the integrity or utility of independent credit agency ratings;

•the introduction or development of competing products or technologies;

•pricing pressure from competitors and/or customers;

•the level of success of new product development and global expansion;

•the impact of regulation as an NRSRO, the potential for new U.S., state and local legislation and regulations;

•the potential for increased competition and regulation in the EU and other foreign jurisdictions;

•exposure to litigation related to our rating opinions, as well as any other litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries to which Moody’s may be subject from time to time;

•provisions in U.S. legislation modifying the pleading standards and EU regulations modifying the liability standards, applicable to credit rating agencies in a manner adverse to credit rating agencies;

•provisions of EU regulations imposing additional procedural and substantive requirements on the pricing of services and the expansion of supervisory remit to include non-EU ratings used for regulatory purposes;

•uncertainty regarding the future relationship between the U.S. and China;

•the possible loss of key employees and the impact of the global labor environment;

•failures or malfunctions of our operations and infrastructure;

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•any vulnerabilities to cyber threats or other cybersecurity concerns;

•the timing and effectiveness of our restructuring programs, such as the 2022 - 2023 Geolocation Restructuring Program;

•currency and foreign exchange volatility;

•the outcome of any review by controlling tax authorities of Moody’s global tax planning initiatives;

•exposure to potential criminal sanctions or civil remedies if Moody’s fails to comply with foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that are applicable in the jurisdictions in which Moody’s operates, including data protection and privacy laws, sanctions laws, anti-corruption laws, and local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials;

•the impact of mergers, acquisitions, such as our acquisition of RMS, or other business combinations and the ability of Moody’s to successfully integrate acquired businesses;

•the level of future cash flows;

•the levels of capital investments; and

•a decline in the demand for risk management tools by financial institutions.

These factors, risks and uncertainties as well as other risks and uncertainties that could cause Moody’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements are described in greater detail under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of Moody’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and in other filings made by the Company from time to time with the SEC or in materials incorporated herein or therein. Stockholders and investors are cautioned that the occurrence of any of these factors, risks and uncertainties may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements, which could have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. New factors may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict new factors, nor can the Company assess the potential effect of any new factors on it. Forward-looking and other statements in this document may also address our corporate responsibility progress, plans, and goals (including sustainability and environmental matters), and the inclusion of such statements is not an indication that these contents are necessarily material to investors or required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, historical, current, and forward-looking sustainability-related statements may be based on standards for measuring progress that are still developing, internal controls and processes that continue to evolve, and assumptions that are subject to change in the future.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to the Company's market risk during the six months ended June 30, 2023. For a discussion of the Company’s exposure to market risk, refer to the Company’s market risk disclosures set forth in Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures: The Company carried out an evaluation, as required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on such evaluation, such officers have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the communication to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has determined that there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, these internal controls over financial reporting during the three-month period ended June 30, 2023.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information regarding legal proceedings, see Item 1 – “Financial Statements – Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited),” Note 16 “Contingencies” in this Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the significant risk factors and uncertainties previously disclosed under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, that if they were to occur, could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results and/or cash flow. For a discussion of the Company’s risk factors, refer to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” contained in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

MOODY'S PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

For the three months ended June 30, 2023


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Program(2)
April 1- 30	73,312	$	302.36	70,493	$	786	million
May 1- 31	82,432	$	309.46	77,891	$	762	million
June 1- 30	65,422	$	332.90	64,889	$	740	million
Total	221,166	$	314.25	213,273

(1) Includes surrender to the Company of 2,819; 4,541; and 533 shares of common stock in April, May, and June, respectively, to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock issued to employees.

(2) As of the last day of each of the months. On February 9, 2021, the Board authorized $1 billion in share repurchase authority and on February 7, 2022, the Board of Directors approved an additional $750 million of share repurchase authority. At June 30, 2023 there was approximately $740 million of share repurchase authority remaining. There is no established expiration date for the remaining authorization.

During the second quarter of 2023, Moody’s issued a net 200 thousand shares under employee stock-based compensation plans.

Item 5. Other Information

Rule 10b5-1 Plans

On May 12, 2023, Robert Fauber, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c). The plan relates to the sale of up to 28,010 shares of Moody’s Corporation common stock between August 16, 2023 and February 7, 2024. The shares include: i) shares which will be acquired upon the exercise of employee stock options; and ii) vested restricted stock units.

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Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No						Description
3						ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS

.1						Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, effective April 22, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Report on Form 8-K of the Registrant, file number 1-14037, filed April 27, 2020)

.2						Amended and Restated By-laws of Moody’s Corporation, effective December 14, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Report on Form 8-K of the Registrant, file number 1-14037, filed December 18, 2020)

31						CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

.1*						Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

.2*						Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32						CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

.1*						Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Company has furnished this certification and does not intend for it to be considered filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or incorporated by reference into future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

.2*						Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Company has furnished this certification and does not intend for it to be considered filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or incorporated by reference into future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

101.INS*						Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*						Inline XBRL Definitions Linkbase Document
101.LAB*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith
† Management contract of compensatory plan or arrangement

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		MOODY’S CORPORATION


	By:	/ S / MARK KAYE
		Mark Kaye
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(principal financial officer)

	By:	/ S / CAROLINE SULLIVAN
		Caroline Sullivan
		Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller
		(principal accounting officer)

Date: July 26, 2023