MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA INC - Quarter Report: 2019 December (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File No. 001-33861

MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

New York		11-2153962
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2929 California Street, Torrance, California		90503
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (310) 212-7910

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	MPAA	The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☑
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

There were 18,965,030 shares of Common Stock outstanding at February 3, 2020.

Table of Contents

MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	33
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	36
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	36
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
	Item 5. Other Information	36
	Item 6. Exhibits	37
	SIGNATURES	39

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC.

GLOSSARY

The following terms are frequently used in the text of this report and have the meanings indicated below.

“Used Core” — An automobile part which has previously been used in the operation of a vehicle. Generally, the Used Core is an original equipment (“OE”) automobile part installed by the vehicle manufacturer and subsequently removed for replacement. Used Cores contain salvageable parts which are an important raw material in the remanufacturing process. We obtain most Used Cores by providing credits to our customers for Used Cores returned to us under our core exchange program. Our customers receive these Used Cores from consumers who deliver a Used Core to obtain credit from our customers upon the purchase of a newly remanufactured automobile part. When sufficient Used Cores are not available from our customers, we purchase Used Cores from core brokers, who are in the business of buying and selling Used Cores. The Used Cores purchased from core brokers or returned to us by our customers under the core exchange program, and which have been physically received by us, are part of our raw material and work-in-process inventory. Used Cores returned by consumers to our customers but not yet returned to us are classified as contract assets until we physically receive these Used Cores.

“Remanufactured Core” — The Used Core underlying an automobile part that has gone through the remanufacturing process and through that process has become part of a newly remanufactured automobile part. The remanufacturing process takes a Used Core, breaks it down into its component parts, replaces those components that cannot be reused and reassembles the salvageable components of the Used Core and additional new components into a remanufactured automobile part. Remanufactured Cores held for sale at our customer locations are included in long-term contract assets. The Remanufactured Core portion of stock adjustment returns are classified as contract assets until we physically receive them.

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements

MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
ASSETS	(Unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,458,000		$	9,911,000
Short-term investments		2,382,000			3,273,000
Accounts receivable — net		52,930,000			56,015,000
Inventory— net		256,482,000			233,726,000
Inventory unreturned		8,266,000			8,469,000
Contract assets		22,616,000			22,183,000
Income tax receivable		10,952,000			10,009,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		10,332,000			9,296,000
Total current assets		373,418,000			352,882,000
Plant and equipment — net		43,314,000			35,151,000
Operating lease assets		65,652,000			-
Long-term deferred income taxes		8,722,000			9,746,000
Long-term contract assets		224,569,000			221,876,000
Goodwill		3,205,000			3,205,000
Intangible assets — net		7,183,000			8,431,000
Other assets		679,000			1,071,000
TOTAL ASSETS	$	726,742,000		$	632,362,000
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	79,820,000		$	92,461,000
Accrued liabilities		17,008,000			14,604,000
Customer finished goods returns accrual		25,223,000			22,615,000
Contract liabilities		32,953,000			30,599,000
Revolving loan		130,000,000			110,400,000
Other current liabilities		4,651,000			4,990,000
Operating lease liabilities		4,991,000			-
Current portion of term loan		3,678,000			3,685,000
Total current liabilities		298,324,000			279,354,000
Term loan, less current portion		21,380,000			24,187,000
Long-term contract liabilities		55,476,000			40,889,000
Long-term deferred income taxes		302,000			257,000
Long-term operating lease liabilities		61,805,000			-
Other liabilities		5,129,000			7,920,000
Total liabilities		442,416,000			352,607,000
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock; par value $.01 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued		-			-
Series A junior participating preferred stock; par value $.01 per share, 20,000 shares authorized; none issued		-			-
Common stock; par value $.01 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 18,965,030 and 18,817,400 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively		190,000			188,000
Additional paid-in capital		217,530,000			215,047,000
Retained earnings		72,310,000			71,407,000
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(5,704,000	)		(6,887,000	)
Total shareholders' equity		284,326,000			279,755,000
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	726,742,000		$	632,362,000

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof.

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,					Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018			2019		2018

Net sales	$	125,574,000	$	124,113,000		$	385,096,000	$	343,720,000
Cost of goods sold		97,913,000		102,952,000			303,279,000		280,496,000
Gross profit		27,661,000		21,161,000			81,817,000		63,224,000
Operating expenses:
General and administrative		10,618,000		12,331,000			36,903,000		33,419,000
Sales and marketing		5,623,000		5,149,000			15,990,000		14,078,000
Research and development		2,174,000		2,054,000			6,694,000		5,574,000
Total operating expenses		18,415,000		19,534,000			59,587,000		53,071,000
Operating income		9,246,000		1,627,000			22,230,000		10,153,000
Interest expense, net		6,879,000		5,764,000			19,575,000		16,538,000
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)		2,367,000		(4,137,000	)		2,655,000		(6,385,000	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		1,502,000		(1,035,000	)		1,752,000		(1,301,000	)
Net income (loss)	$	865,000	$	(3,102,000	)	$	903,000	$	(5,084,000	)
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.05	$	(0.16	)	$	0.05	$	(0.27	)
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.04	$	(0.16	)	$	0.05	$	(0.27	)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic		18,961,517		18,810,702			18,895,893		18,861,617
Diluted		19,305,805		18,810,702			19,263,114		18,861,617

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof.

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,					Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018			2019		2018

Net income (loss)	$	865,000	$	(3,102,000	)	$	903,000	$	(5,084,000	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)		1,015,000		(302,000	)		1,183,000		(1,019,000	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		1,015,000		(302,000	)		1,183,000		(1,019,000	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	1,880,000	$	(3,404,000	)	$	2,086,000	$	(6,103,000	)

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof.

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock
	Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital Common Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total

Balance at March 31, 2019		18,817,400	$	188,000	$	215,047,000		$	71,407,000		$	(6,887,000	)	$	279,755,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-		-		988,000			-			-			988,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		36,872		1,000		(363,000	)		-			-			(362,000	)
Foreign currency translation		-		-		-			-			599,000			599,000
Net loss		-		-		-			(6,151,000	)		-			(6,151,000	)
Balance at June 30, 2019		18,854,272	$	189,000	$	215,672,000		$	65,256,000		$	(6,288,000	)	$	274,829,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-		-		1,053,000			-			-			1,053,000
Exercise of stock options		52,800		-		405,000			-			-			405,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		37,814		-		(700,000	)		-			-			(700,000	)
Foreign currency translation		-		-		-			-			(431,000	)		(431,000	)
Net income		-		-		-			6,189,000			-			6,189,000
Balance at September 30, 2019		18,944,886	$	189,000	$	216,430,000		$	71,445,000		$	(6,719,000	)	$	281,345,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-		-		1,071,000			-			-			1,071,000
Exercise of stock options		3,600		1,000		29,000			-			-			30,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		16,544		-		-			-			-			-
Foreign currency translation		-		-		-			-			1,015,000			1,015,000
Net income		-		-		-			865,000			-			865,000
Balance at December 31, 2019		18,965,030	$	190,000	$	217,530,000		$	72,310,000		$	(5,704,000	)	$	284,326,000

	Common Stock
	Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-in Capital Common Stock			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total

Balance at March 31, 2018		18,893,102		$	189,000		$	213,609,000		$	78,510,000		$	(5,428,000	)	$	286,880,000

Cumulative-effect adjustment for the adoption of ASU 2016-01		-			-			-			746,000			(746,000	)		-
Balance at April 1, 2018		18,893,102		$	189,000		$	213,609,000		$	79,256,000		$	(6,174,000	)	$	286,880,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-			-			941,000			-			-			941,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		23,006			-			(192,000	)		-			-			(192,000	)
Foreign currency translation		-			-			-			-			(715,000	)		(715,000	)
Net loss		-			-			-			(5,495,000	)		-			(5,495,000	)
Balance at June 30, 2018		18,916,108		$	189,000		$	214,358,000		$	73,761,000		$	(6,889,000	)	$	281,419,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-			-			1,180,000			-			-			1,180,000
Exercise of stock options		39,032			1,000			243,000			-			-			244,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		8,152			-			(128,000	)		-			-			(128,000	)
Repurchase and cancellation of treasury stock, including fees		(163,815	)		(2,000	)		(4,060,000	)		-			-			(4,062,000	)
Foreign currency translation		-			-			-			-			(2,000	)		(2,000	)
Net income		-			-			-			3,513,000			-			3,513,000
Balance at September 30, 2018		18,799,477		$	188,000		$	211,593,000		$	77,274,000		$	(6,891,000	)	$	282,164,000
Compensation recognized under employee stock plans		-			-			1,030,000			-			-			1,030,000
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		12,625			-			(2,000	)		-			-			(2,000	)
Foreign currency translation		-			-			-			-			(302,000	)		(302,000	)
Net loss		-			-			-			(3,102,000	)		-			(3,102,000	)
Balance at December 31, 2018		18,812,102		$	188,000		$	212,621,000		$	74,172,000		$	(7,193,000	)	$	279,788,000

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof.

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	903,000		$	(5,084,000	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		5,629,000			4,313,000
Amortization of intangible assets		1,390,000			620,000
Amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs		604,000			798,000
Amortization of interest on contract liabilities, net		603,000			725,000
Noncash lease expense		3,977,000			-
Loss due to the change in the fair value of the contingent consideration		419,000			-
Gain due to the remeasurement of lease liabilities		(1,491,000	)		-
(Gain) loss on short-term investments		(264,000	)		240,000
Net provision for inventory reserves		10,104,000			6,997,000
Net provision for customer payment discrepancies		1,427,000			602,000
Net provision for doubtful accounts		431,000			221,000
Deferred income taxes		1,104,000			(962,000	)
Share-based compensation expense		3,112,000			3,151,000
Loss on disposal of plant and equipment		1,000			24,000
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable		1,353,000			8,432,000
Inventory		(32,388,000	)		(49,431,000	)
Inventory unreturned		203,000			(3,238,000	)
Income tax receivable		(945,000	)		(4,921,000	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(1,180,000	)		1,398,000
Other assets		399,000			(129,000	)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(11,405,000	)		27,968,000
Customer finished goods returns accrual		2,602,000			1,431,000
Contract assets, net		(3,115,000	)		(4,027,000	)
Contract liabilities, net		16,275,000			(10,794,000	)
Operating lease liabilities		(3,402,000	)		-
Other liabilities		(756,000	)		1,338,000
Net cash used in operating activities		(4,410,000	)		(20,328,000	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of plant and equipment		(10,846,000	)		(8,548,000	)
Proceeds from sale of plant and equipment		41,000			-
Purchase of business, net of cash acquired		-			(4,417,000	)
Change in short-term investments		1,155,000			(279,000	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(9,650,000	)		(13,244,000	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings under revolving loan		48,000,000			64,900,000
Repayments of revolving loan		(28,400,000	)		(40,494,000	)
Borrowings under term loan		-			13,594,000
Repayments of term loan		(2,813,000	)		(1,719,000	)
Payments for debt issuance costs		(973,000	)		(1,780,000	)
Payments on finance lease obligations		(1,641,000	)		(1,071,000	)
Exercise of stock options		435,000			244,000
Cash used to net share settle equity awards		(1,062,000	)		(322,000	)
Repurchase of common stock, including fees		-			(4,062,000	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		13,546,000			29,290,000
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		61,000			(176,000	)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(453,000	)		(4,458,000	)
Cash and cash equivalents — Beginning of period		9,911,000			13,049,000
Cash and cash equivalents — End of period	$	9,458,000		$	8,591,000
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest, net	$	18,375,000		$	14,846,000
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		-			3,263,000
Cash paid for operating leases		5,906,000			-
Cash paid for finance leases		1,855,000			-
Plant and equipment acquired under finance leases		2,385,000			207,000
Assets acquired under operating leases		17,295,000			-
Contingent consideration		-			3,560,000

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof.

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MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2019

(Unaudited)

1. Company Background and Organization

Motorcar Parts of America, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”, or “MPA”) is a leading supplier of automotive aftermarket non-discretionary replacement parts and diagnostic equipment. These replacement parts are primarily sold to automotive retail chain stores and warehouse distributors throughout North America and to major automobile manufacturers for both their aftermarket programs and warranty replacement programs (“OES”). The Company’s diagnostic equipment primarily serves the global automotive component and powertrain testing market. The Company’s products include (i) rotating electrical products such as alternators and starters, (ii) wheel hub assemblies and bearings, (iii) brake master cylinders, (iv) brake calipers (introduced in August 2019), and (v) other products. Other products include: (i) brake power boosters, (ii) turbochargers, (iii) diagnostics systems, (iv)advanced power emulators, and (v) custom power electronic products.

The Company primarily ships its products from its facilities and various third party warehouse distribution centers in North America.

Pursuant to the guidance provided under the Financial Accounting Statement Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) for segment reporting, the Company has identified its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), reviewed the documents used by the CODM, and understands how such documents are used by the CODM to make financial and operating decisions. The Company has determined through this review process that its business comprises three separate operating segments. Two of the operating segments meet all of the aggregation criteria, and are aggregated. The remaining operating segment does not meet the quantitative thresholds for individual disclosure. Since this immaterial operating segment meets the aggregation criteria of ASC 280, the Company has combined its operating segments into one reportable segment.

In January 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of Dixie Electric, Ltd (“Dixie”). During the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company finalized the purchase price allocation of Dixie with no material adjustments.

2. Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Pronouncements

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020. This report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on June 28, 2019.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a consistent basis with, and there have been no material changes to, except as noted below, the accounting policies described in Note 3, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements that are presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.

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New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that requires balance sheet recognition of a lease asset and lease liability by lessees for all leases, other than leases with a term of 12 months or less if the short-term lease exclusion expedient is elected. The new guidance also requires new disclosures providing additional qualitative and quantitative information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The new guidance requires a modified retrospective approach with optional practical expedients. The FASB provided entities with an additional transition method, which allows an entity to apply this guidance as of the beginning of the period of adoption instead of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the entity’s financial statements. The Company adopted this guidance on April 1, 2019 using the additional transition method. The Company also elected certain practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, including the package of practical expedients, which allowed it not to reassess lease classification for leases that commenced prior to the adoption date. In addition, the Company elected to exempt leases with an initial term of 12 months or less from balance sheet recognition and, for all classes of assets, combining non-lease components with lease components.

Upon adoption, the Company recorded operating lease liabilities of $53,043,000 and corresponding operating lease assets of $50,773,000. The difference between the operating lease assets and liabilities recognized on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets primarily related to accrued rent on existing leases that were offset against the operating lease asset upon adoption. There was an immaterial reclassification of non-lease components to finance lease assets and finance lease liabilities upon adoption due to the Company’s election to combine non-lease components with lease components. The adoption of the new guidance did not have any impact on the Company’s rent expense and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. However, the Company has material nonfunctional currency leases that could have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. As required for other monetary liabilities, lessees shall remeasure a foreign currency-denominated lease liability using the exchange rate at each reporting date, but the lease assets are nonmonetary assets measured at historical rates, which are not affected by subsequent changes in the exchange rates. The Company recorded gains of $2,128,000 and $1,491,000 in general and administrative expenses in connection with the remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated lease liabilities during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. See Note 9 for additional discussion of the adoption of ASC 842 and the impact on the Company’s financial statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In June 2016, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This pronouncement, along with a subsequent Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) issued to clarify certain provisions of the new guidance, changes the impairment model for most financial assets and will require the use of an “expected loss” model for instruments measured at amortized cost. Under this model, entities will be required to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance to offset the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, resulting in a net presentation of the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company plans to adopt this pronouncement for its fiscal year beginning April 1, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance and it is currently not expected to have any material impact on its consolidated financial statements, business processes, systems and internal controls.

Fair Value Measurements

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance, which changes the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing, adding and modifying certain disclosures. The standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

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Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance that simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within ASC 740, Income Taxes, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Accounts Receivable — Net

Accounts receivable — net includes offset accounts related to customer payment discrepancies, returned goods authorizations (“RGAs”) issued for in-transit unit returns, and potential bad debts.

Accounts receivable — net is comprised of the following:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
Accounts receivable — trade	$	66,514,000		$	75,847,000
Less: total accounts receivable offset accounts
Allowance for bad debts		(4,485,000	)		(4,100,000	)
Customer payment discrepancies		(1,127,000	)		(854,000	)
Customer returns RGAs issued		(7,972,000	)		(14,878,000	)
Total accounts receivable — net	$	52,930,000		$	56,015,000

4. Inventory

Inventory—net is comprised of the following:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
Inventory — net
Raw materials	$	98,404,000		$	95,757,000
Work-in-process		5,985,000			3,502,000
Finished goods		165,289,000			146,366,000
		269,678,000			245,625,000
Less allowance for excess and obsolete inventory		(13,196,000	)		(11,899,000	)
Total inventory — net	$	256,482,000		$	233,726,000
Inventory unreturned	$	8,266,000		$	8,469,000

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5. Contract Assets

Contract assets are comprised of the following:

	December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Short-term contract assets
Cores expected to be returned by customers	$	14,473,000	$	14,671,000
Upfront payments to customers		3,254,000		3,101,000
Core premiums paid to customers		4,889,000		4,411,000
Total short-term contract assets	$	22,616,000	$	22,183,000

Long-term contract assets
Remanufactured cores held at customers' locations	$	202,537,000	$	196,914,000
Upfront payments to customers		463,000		2,775,000
Core premiums paid to customers		16,000,000		16,618,000
Long-term core inventory deposits		5,569,000		5,569,000
Total long-term contract assets	$	224,569,000	$	221,876,000

6. Significant Customer and Other Information

Significant Customer Concentrations

The largest customers accounted for the following total percentage of net sales:

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net sales
Customer A		38	%		33	%		39	%		36	%
Customer B		22	%		20	%		21	%		23	%
Customer C		25	%		26	%		23	%		23	%

The largest customers accounted for the following total percentage of accounts receivable – trade:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
Accounts receivable - trade
Customer A		31	%		34	%
Customer B		16	%		18	%
Customer C		16	%		16	%

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Geographic and Product Information

The Company’s products are predominantly sold in the U.S. and accounted for the following total percentage of net sales:

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Rotating electrical products		75	%		81	%		76	%		79	%
Wheel hub products		14	%		14	%		15	%		15	%
Brake caliper products		5	%		-	%		3	%		-	%
Brake master cylinders products		2	%		1	%		2	%		2	%
Other products		4	%		4	%		4	%		4	%
		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%

Significant Supplier Concentrations

The Company had no suppliers that accounted for more than 10% of inventory purchases for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

7. Debt

The Company is party to a $230,000,000 senior secured financing, (as amended from time to time, the “Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders, and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, consisting of (i) a $200,000,000 revolving loan facility, subject to borrowing base restrictions, a $20,000,000 sublimit for borrowings by Canadian borrowers, and a $15,000,000 sublimit for letters of credit (the “Revolving Facility”) and (ii) a $30,000,000 term loan facility (the “Term Loans”). The loans under the Credit Facility mature on June 5, 2023. The Credit Facility permits the payment of up to $20,000,000 of dividends and share repurchases per fiscal year, subject to a minimum availability threshold and pro forma compliance with financial covenants. In connection with the Credit Facility, the lenders have a security interest in substantially all of the assets of the Company.

In June 2019, the Company entered into a second amendment to the Credit Facility (the “Second Amendment”). The Second Amendment, among other things, (i) increased the total size of the Revolving Facility to $238,620,000, (ii) modified the fixed charge coverage ratio financial covenant, (iii) modified the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA”, (iv) modified the borrowing base definition to, among other things, include brake-related products as eligible inventory, (v) increased the letter of credit sublimit to $20,000,000, (vi) increased the Canadian revolving sublimit and swing line sublimit to $24,000,000, (vii) increased the swing line sublimit to $23,862,000, (viii) permitted up to $5,000,000 of sale and lease back transactions per fiscal year, (ix) increased the permitted amount of certain capital expenditures, (x) increased the permitted amount of operating lease obligations per fiscal year, and (xi) increased certain other covenant-related baskets. The Company capitalized $973,000 of new debt issuance costs in connection with the Second Amendment, which is included in prepaid and other current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019.

The Term Loans require quarterly principal payments of $937,500 beginning October 1, 2018. The Credit Facility bears interest at rates equal to either LIBOR plus a margin of 2.25%, 2.50% or 2.75% or a reference rate plus a margin of 1.25%, 1.50% or 1.75%, in each case depending on the senior leverage ratio as of the applicable measurement date. There is also a facility fee of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending on the senior leverage ratio as of the applicable measurement date. The interest rate on the Company’s Term Loans and Revolving Facility was 4.45% and 4.55%, at December 31, 2019, respectively, and 5.24% at March 31, 2019.

The Credit Facility, among other things, requires the Company to maintain certain financial covenants including a maximum senior leverage ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants at December 31, 2019.

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In addition to other covenants, the Credit Facility places limits on the Company’s ability to incur liens, incur additional indebtedness, make loans and investments, engage in mergers and acquisitions, engage in asset sales, redeem or repurchase capital stock, alter the business conducted by the Company and its subsidiaries, transact with affiliates, prepay, redeem or purchase subordinated debt, and amend or otherwise alter debt agreements.

The following summarizes information about the Term Loans at:

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
Principal amount of term loan	$	25,312,000		$	28,125,000
Unamortized financing fees		(254,000	)		(253,000	)
Net carrying amount of term loan		25,058,000			27,872,000
Less current portion of term loan		(3,678,000	)		(3,685,000	)
Long-term portion of term loan	$	21,380,000		$	24,187,000

Future repayments of the Term Loans are as follows:

Year Ending March 31,
2020 - remaining three months	$	937,000
2021		3,750,000
2022		3,750,000
2023		3,750,000
2024		13,125,000
Total payments	$	25,312,000

The Company had $130,000,000 and $110,400,000 outstanding under the Revolving Facility at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively. In addition, $4,039,000 was outstanding for letters of credit at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2019, after certain contractual adjustments, $73,767,000 was available under the Revolving Facility.

8. Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities are comprised of the following:

	December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Short-term contract liabilities
Customer allowances earned	$	10,570,000	$	12,755,000
Customer core returns accruals		13,088,000		3,933,000
Customer deposits		1,359,000		2,674,000
Accrued core payment, net		7,936,000		11,237,000
Total short-term contract liabilities	$	32,953,000	$	30,599,000

Long-term contract liabilities
Customer core returns accruals	$	46,467,000	$	25,722,000
Accrued core payment, net		9,009,000		15,167,000
Total long-term contract liabilities	$	55,476,000	$	40,889,000

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9. Leases

The Company leases various facilities in North America and Asia under operating leases expiring through December 2032. The Company has one non-cancellable lease agreement for a building in Mexico, which was executed, but had not commenced as of December 31, 2019, and accordingly was not included in the operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2019. Total commitments for the 15-year lease term of this agreement are $11,722,000. The Company also has finance leases for certain office and manufacturing equipment, which generally range from three to five years.

The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. Lease assets and lease liabilities are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, which includes the minimum unconditional term of the lease. Certain of the Company’s leases include options to extend the leases for up to five years. When the Company has the option to extend the lease term, terminate the lease before the contractual expiration date, or purchase the leased asset, and it is reasonably certain that it will exercise the option, the option is considered in determining the classification and measurement of the lease. The lease assets are recorded net of any lease incentives received. Lease assets are tested for impairment in the same manner as long-lived assets used in operations.

As the rate implicit for each of its leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, based on the information available at the lease commencement date, for each of its leases in determining the present value of its expected lease payments. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate is determined by analyzing and combining an applicable risk-free rate, a financial spread adjustment and any lease specific adjustment. Certain leases contain provisions for property-related costs that are variable in nature for which the Company is responsible, including common area maintenance and other property operating services, which are expensed as incurred and not included in the determination of lease assets and lease liabilities. These costs are calculated based on a variety of factors including property values, tax and utility rates, property services fees, and other factors. The Company records rent expense for operating leases, some of which have escalating rent payments, on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Balance sheet information for leases is as follows:

		December 31, 2019
Leases	Classification
Assets:
Operating	Operating lease assets	$	65,652,000
Finance	Plant and equipment		6,718,000
Total leased assets		$	72,370,000

Liabilities:
Current
Operating	Operating lease liabilities	$	4,991,000
Finance	Other current liabilities		1,965,000
Long-term
Operating	Long-term operating lease liabilities		61,805,000
Finance	Other liabilities		3,766,000
Total lease liabilities		$	72,527,000

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Lease cost recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations is as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,		Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2019
Lease cost
Operating lease cost	$	2,402,000	$	6,287,000
Short-term lease cost		278,000		976,000
Variable lease cost		133,000		420,000
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of finance lease assets		448,000		1,178,000
Interest on finance lease liabilities		73,000		214,000
Total lease cost	$	3,334,000	$	9,075,000

Maturities of lease commitments at December 31, 2019 were as follows:

Maturity of lease liabilities	Operating Leases			Finance Leases			Total
2020 - remaining three months	$	2,273,000		$	584,000		$	2,857,000
2021		8,472,000			2,095,000			10,567,000
2022		7,711,000			1,760,000			9,471,000
2023		6,544,000			1,149,000			7,693,000
2024		6,479,000			481,000			6,960,000
Thereafter		63,306,000			113,000			63,419,000
Total lease payments		94,785,000			6,182,000			100,967,000
Less amount representing interest		(27,989,000	)		(451,000	)		(28,440,000	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	66,796,000		$	5,731,000		$	72,527,000

Other information about leases is as follows:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019
Lease term and discount rate
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):
Finance leases		3.2
Operating leases		12.2
Weighted-average discount rate:
Finance leases		4.8	%
Operating leases		5.7	%

10. Accounts Receivable Discount Programs

The Company uses receivable discount programs with certain customers and their respective banks. Under these programs, the Company may sell those customers’ receivables to those banks at a discount to be agreed upon at the time the receivables are sold. These discount arrangements allow the Company to accelerate receipt of payment on customers’ receivables.

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The following is a summary of accounts receivable discount programs:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Receivables discounted	$	341,339,000		$	287,206,000
Weighted average days		347			340
Annualized weighted average discount rate		3.5	%		4.2	%
Amount of discount recognized as interest expense	$	11,570,000		$	11,377,000

11. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share includes the effect, if any, from the potential exercise or conversion of securities, such as stock options and warrants, which would result in the issuance of incremental shares of common stock to the extent the effect is not anti-dilutive.

The following presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:

	Three Months Ended December 31,					Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018			2019		2018

Net income (loss)	$	865,000	$	(3,102,000	)	$	903,000	$	(5,084,000	)

Basic shares		18,961,517		18,810,702			18,895,893		18,861,617
Effect of potentially dilutive securities		344,288		-			367,221		-
Diluted shares		19,305,805		18,810,702			19,263,114		18,861,617
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.05	$	(0.16	)	$	0.05	$	(0.27	)
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.04	$	(0.16	)	$	0.05	$	(0.27	)

Potential common shares that would have the effect of increasing diluted net income per share or decreasing diluted net loss per share are considered to be anti-dilutive and as such, these shares are not included in calculating diluted net income (loss) per share. For the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 1,047,224 and 1,519,480, respectively, of potential common shares not included in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect was anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 1,031,624 and 1,519,480, respectively, of potential common shares not included in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect was anti-dilutive.

12. Income Taxes

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $1,502,000, or an effective tax rate of 63.5%, and an income tax benefit of $1,035,000, or an effective tax rate of 25.0%, for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax expense of $1,752,000, or an effective tax rate of 66.0%, and an income tax benefit of $1,301,000, or an effective tax rate of 20.4%, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, were primarily impacted by specific jurisdictions that the Company does not expect to recognize benefit of losses. The effective tax rate is based on current projections and any changes in future periods could result in an effective tax rate that is materially different from the current estimate.

The Company remains subject to examination for the fiscal years beginning with March 31, 2017. The Company believes no significant changes in the unrecognized tax benefits will occur within the next 12 months.

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13. Financial Risk Management and Derivatives

Purchases and expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which are primarily related to the Company’s overseas facilities, expose the Company to market risk from material movements in foreign exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the foreign currencies. The Company’s primary risk exposure is from fluctuations in the value of the Mexican peso and to a lesser extent the Chinese yuan. To mitigate these risks, the Company enters into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to exchange U.S. dollars for these foreign currencies. The extent to which forward foreign currency exchange contracts are used is modified periodically in response to the Company’s estimate of market conditions and the terms and length of anticipated requirements.

The Company enters into forward foreign currency exchange contracts in order to reduce the impact of foreign currency fluctuations and not to engage in currency speculation. The use of derivative financial instruments allows the Company to reduce its exposure to the risk that the eventual cash outflow resulting from funding the expenses of the foreign operations will be materially affected by changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the foreign currencies. The Company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The forward foreign currency exchange contracts are designated for forecasted expenditure requirements to fund foreign operations.

The Company had forward foreign currency exchange contracts with a U.S. dollar equivalent notional value of $40,645,000 and $32,524,000 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively. These contracts generally have a term of one year or less, at rates agreed at the inception of the contracts. The counterparty to this derivative transaction is a major financial institution with investment grade credit rating; however, the Company is exposed to credit risk with this institution. The credit risk is limited to the potential unrealized gains (which offset currency fluctuations adverse to the Company) in any such contract should this counterparty fail to perform as contracted. Any changes in the fair values of forward foreign currency exchange contracts are reflected in current period earnings and accounted for as an increase or offset to general and administrative expenses.

The following shows the effect of derivative instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	Gain (Loss) Recognized within General and Administrative Expenses
Derivatives Not Designated as	Three Months Ended December 31,					Nine Months Ended December 31,
Hedging Instruments	2019		2018			2019		2018
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts	$	1,644,000	$	(860,000	)	$	1,016,000	$	(1,628,000	)

The fair value of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts of $1,223,000 and $207,000 is included in prepaid and other current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively. The changes in the fair values of forward foreign currency exchange contracts are included in prepaid and other current assets in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The changes in the fair values of forward foreign currency exchange contracts are included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2018.

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14. Fair Value Measurements

The following summarizes financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value, by level within the fair value hierarchy:

	December 31, 2019								March 31, 2019
			Fair Value Measurements Using Inputs Considered as								Fair Value Measurements Using Inputs Considered as
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments
Mutual funds	$	2,382,000	$	2,382,000		-		-	$	3,273,000	$	3,273,000		-		-
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts		1,223,000		-	$	1,223,000		-		207,000		-	$	207,000		-

Liabilities
Accrued liabilities
Short-term contingent consideration		4,659,000		-		-	$	4,659,000		2,816,000		-		-	$	2,816,000
Other current liabilities
Deferred compensation		2,382,000		2,382,000		-		-		3,273,000		3,273,000		-		-
Other liabilities
Long-term contingent consideration		502,000		-		-		502,000		1,905,000		-		-		1,905,000

Short-term Investments and Deferred Compensation

The Company’s short-term investments, which fund its deferred compensation liabilities, consist of investments in mutual funds. These investments are classified as Level 1 as the shares of these mutual funds trade with sufficient frequency and volume to enable the Company to obtain pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

The forward foreign currency exchange contracts are primarily measured based on the foreign currency spot and forward rates quoted by the banks or foreign currency dealers (See Note 13).

Contingent Consideration

In December 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities from Mechanical Power Conversion, LLC (“E&M”). In connection with this acquisition, the Company is contingently obligated to make additional payments to the former owners of E&M up to an aggregate of $5,200,000 over the next three years.

In January 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of all the equity interests of Dixie. In connection with this acquisition, the Company is contingently obligated to make additional payments to the former owners of Dixie up to $1,130,000 over the next two years.

The Company’s contingent consideration is recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities in its condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, and is a Level 3 liability measured at fair value.

E&M Research and Development (“R&D”) Event Milestone

The fair value of the two-year R&D event milestone based on technology development and transfer was $2,430,000 at December 31, 2019 determined using a probability weighted method with the following assumptions commensurate with the term of the contingent consideration: Any subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability will be recorded in current period earnings as a general and administrative expense.

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The assumptions used to determine the fair value is as follows:

	December 31, 2019
Risk free interest rate		1.59	%
Counter party rate		5.59	%
Probability		100.00	%

E&M Gross Profit Earn-out Consideration

The fair value of the three-year gross profit earn-out consideration was $1,980,000 at December 31, 2019 determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation Model. Any subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability will be recorded in current period earnings as a general and administrative expense.

The assumptions used to determine the fair value is as follows:

	December 31, 2019
Risk free interest rate		1.58	%
Counter party rate		5.58	%
Expected volatility		30.00	%
Weighted average cost of capital		15.75	%

Dixie Revenue Earn-out Consideration

The fair value of the two-year revenue earn-out consideration was $751,000 at December 31, 2019 determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation Model.

The assumptions used to determine the fair value is as follows:

	Dixie Revenue Earnout December 31, 2019
Risk free interest rate		1.59	%
Counter party rate		4.00	%
Revenue volatility		9.50	%
Revenue discount rate		5.50	%
Weighted average cost of capital		14.20	%

Any subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability will be recorded in current period earnings as a general and administrative expense.

The following table summarizes the activity for financial assets and liabilities utilizing Level 3 fair value measurements:

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
	Contingent Consideration		Contingent Consideration		Contingent Consideration		Contingent Consideration
Beginning balance	$	4,851,000	$	-	$	4,721,000	$	-
Newly issued		-		3,560,000		-		3,560,000
Changes in revaluations of contingent consideration included in earnings		310,000		-		440,000		-
Ending balance	$	5,161,000	$	3,560,000	$	5,161,000	$	3,560,000

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company had no other significant measurements of assets or liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition.

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The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying amounts of the revolving loan, term loan and other long-term liabilities approximate their fair value based on the variable nature of interest rates and current rates for instruments with similar characteristics.

15. Share-based Payments

Stock Options

The Company granted options to purchase 302,539 and 256,236 shares of common stock during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The cost associated with stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires the input of subjective assumptions including the expected volatility of the underlying stock and the expected holding period of the option. These subjective assumptions are based on both historical and other information. Changes in the values assumed and used in the model can materially affect the estimate of fair value.

The following assumptions were used to derive the weighted average fair value of the stock options granted:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Weighted average risk free interest rate		1.76	%		2.83	%
Weighted average expected holding period (years)		5.70			5.94
Weighted average expected volatility		42.50	%		43.91	%
Weighted average expected dividend yield		-			-
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	8.27		$	8.75

The following is a summary of stock option transactions:

	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at March 31, 2019		1,337,165		$	17.58
Granted		302,539		$	19.72
Exercised		(56,400	)	$	7.71
Forfeited		(37,298	)	$	25.80
Outstanding at December 31, 2019		1,546,006		$	18.16

At December 31, 2019, options to purchase 521,685 shares of common stock were unvested at the weighted average exercise price of $20.34.

At December 31, 2019, there was $3,473,000 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock option awards. Compensation expense related to unvested stock option awards will be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of approximately 2.0 years.

Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock (collectively “RSUs”)

During the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted 113,483 and 104,725 shares of RSUs with an estimated grant date fair value of $2,112,000 and $2,075,000, respectively, which was based on the closing market price on the grant date.

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The following is a summary of non-vested RSUs:

	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at March 31, 2019		243,134		$	21.75
Granted		113,483		$	18.61
Vested		(150,032	)	$	21.61
Forfeited		(1,701	)	$	21.53
Outstanding at December 31, 2019		204,884		$	20.12

At December 31, 2019, there was $3,170,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to these awards, which will be recognized over the remaining vesting period of approximately 2.0 years.

16. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following summarizes changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019								Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Unrealized Gain on Short-Term Investments		Foreign Currency Translation			Total			Unrealized Gain on Short-Term Investments		Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at September 30, 2019 and 2018	$	-	$	(6,719,000	)	$	(6,719,000	)	$	-	$	(6,891,000	)	$	(6,891,000	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		-		1,015,000			1,015,000			-		(302,000	)		(302,000	)
Balance at December 31, 2019 and 2018	$	-	$	(5,704,000	)	$	(5,704,000	)	$	-	$	(7,193,000	)	$	(7,193,000	)

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019								Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Unrealized Gain on Short-Term Investments		Foreign Currency Translation			Total			Unrealized Gain on Short-Term Investments			Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at March 31, 2019 and 2018	$	-	$	(6,887,000	)	$	(6,887,000	)	$	746,000		$	(6,174,000	)	$	(5,428,000	)
Cumulative-effect adjustment		-		-			-			(746,000	)		-			(746,000	)
Balance at April 1, 2019 and 2018		-		(6,887,000	)		(6,887,000	)		-			(6,174,000	)		(6,174,000	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		-		1,183,000			1,183,000			-			(1,019,000	)		(1,019,000	)
Balance at December 31, 2019 and 2018	$	-	$	(5,704,000	)	$	(5,704,000	)	$	-		$	(7,193,000	)	$	(7,193,000	)

17. Commitments and Contingencies

Warranty Returns

The Company allows its customers to return goods that their consumers have returned to them, whether or not the returned item is defective (“warranty returns”). The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty returns based on a historical analysis of the level of this type of return as a percentage of total unit sales. Amounts charged to expense for these warranty returns are considered in arriving at the Company’s net sales.

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The following summarizes the changes in the warranty return accrual:

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	16,575,000		$	16,410,000		$	19,475,000		$	16,646,000
Charged to expense/additions		26,637,000			29,655,000			82,353,000			84,408,000
Amounts processed		(28,226,000	)		(26,913,000	)		(86,842,000	)		(81,902,000	)
Balance at end of period	$	14,986,000		$	19,152,000		$	14,986,000		$	19,152,000

Contingencies

The Company is subject to various lawsuits and claims. In addition, government agencies and self-regulatory organizations have the ability to conduct periodic examinations of and administrative proceedings regarding the Company’s business. Following an audit in fiscal 2019, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection stated that it believed that the Company owed additional duties of approximately $17 million from 2011 through mid-2018 relating to products that it imported from Mexico. The Company does not believe that this amount is correct and believes that it has numerous defenses and intends to dispute this amount vigorously. The Company cannot assure that the U.S. Customs and Border Protection will agree or that it will not need to accrue or pay additional amounts in the future.

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Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis presents factors that Motorcar Parts of America, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“our,” “we” or “us”) believe are relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated financial position and results of operations. This financial and business analysis should be read in conjunction with our March 31, 2019 audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on June 28, 2019.

Disclosure Regarding Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to our future performance that involve risks and uncertainties. Various factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. These factors include, but are not limited to: concentration of sales to a small number of customers; changes in the financial condition of or our relationship with any of our major customers; increases in the average accounts receivable collection period; the loss of sales to customers; delays in payments by customers; the increasing customer pressure for lower prices and more favorable payment and other terms; lower revenues than anticipated from new and existing contracts; the increasing demands on our working capital; the significant strain on working capital associated with large inventory purchases from customers; any meaningful difference between expected production needs and ultimate sales to our customers; investments in operational changes or acquisitions; our ability to obtain any additional financing we may seek or require; our ability to maintain positive cash flows from operations; potential future changes in our previously reported results as a result of the identification and correction of errors in our accounting policies or procedures or the material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting; our failure to meet the financial covenants or the other obligations set forth in our credit agreement and the lenders’ refusal to waive any such defaults; increases in interest rates; the impact of high gasoline prices; consumer preferences and general economic conditions; increased competition in the automotive parts industry including increased competition from Chinese and other offshore manufacturers; difficulty in obtaining Used Cores and component parts or increases in the costs of those parts; political, criminal or economic instability in any of the foreign countries where we conduct operations; currency exchange fluctuations; potential tariffs, unforeseen increases in operating costs; risks associated with cyber-attacks; risks associated with conflict minerals; the impact of new accounting pronouncements and tax laws and interpretations thereof; uncertainties affecting our ability to estimate our tax rate and other factors discussed herein and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These and other risks and uncertainties may cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those expected in any forward-looking statements. Readers are directed to risks and uncertainties identified below under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report for additional detail regarding factors that may cause actual results to be different than those expressed in our forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason.

Management Overview

We have successfully implemented a multi-pronged platform for growth within the non-discretionary automotive aftermarket for replacement parts, through organic growth and acquisitions. We expect growth to continue and as a result, we are investing to increase our infrastructure. Our investments in infrastructure and human resources include the consolidation of our distribution in Mexico and the significant expansion of manufacturing capacity in both Mexico and Malaysia. Once complete, we expect this to be transformative and scalable.

In addition, we are expanding our position within the diagnostic testing industry with applications for internal combustion engines, electric vehicles, and applications for the aerospace industry.

Our products include (i) rotating electrical products such as alternators and starters, (ii) wheel hub assemblies and bearings, (iii) brake master cylinders, (iv) brake calipers (introduced in August 2019), and (v) other products. Other products include: (i) brake power boosters, (ii) turbochargers, (iii) diagnostics systems, (iv) advanced power emulators, and (v) custom power electronic products.

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Pursuant to the guidance provided under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) for segment reporting, we have identified our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), reviewed the documents used by the CODM, and understand how such documents are used by the CODM to make financial and operating decisions. We have determined through this review process that due to recent acquisitions, our business comprises three separate operating segments. Two of the operating segments meet all of the aggregation criteria, and are aggregated. The remaining operating segment does not meet the quantitative thresholds for individual disclosure. Since this immaterial operating segment meets the aggregation criteria of ASC 280, we have combined our operating segments into one reportable segment.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The following discussion and analysis should be read together with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.

The following summarizes certain key operating data:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Gross profit percentage		22.0	%		17.0	%
Cash flow provided by (used in) operations	$	22,326,000		$	(13,919,000	)
Finished goods turnover (annualized) (1)		2.4			3.6

(1)

Annualized finished goods turnover for the fiscal quarter is calculated by multiplying cost of goods sold for the quarter by 4 and dividing the result by the average between beginning and ending finished goods inventory values, which includes all on-hand core inventory, for the fiscal quarter. We believe this provides a useful measure of our ability to turn our inventory into revenues.

Net Sales and Gross Profit

The following summarizes net sales and gross profit:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Net sales	$	125,574,000		$	124,113,000
Cost of goods sold		97,913,000			102,952,000
Gross profit		27,661,000			21,161,000
Gross profit percentage		22.0	%		17.0	%

Net Sales. Our net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2019 increased by $1,461,000, or 1.2%, to $125,574,000 compared to net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2018 of $124,113,000. In August 2019, we expanded our automotive aftermarket brake product offerings with the introduction of brake calipers, which contributed net sales of $6,883,000 during the third quarter. In addition, our net sales were positively impacted by $6,133,000 from acquisitions completed during the latter part of fiscal 2019. Sales for the quarter were impacted by lower replenishment orders in the latter part of the quarter and certain customer inventory reduction initiatives.

Gross Profit. Our gross profit was $27,661,000, or 22.0% of net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared with $21,161,000, or 17.0% of net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2018. Our gross profit margin for the quarter was higher by 5.0% primarily due to a change in product mix and the non-cash quarterly revaluation of cores that are part of the finished goods on the customers’ shelves (which are included in contract assets) to the lower of cost or net realizable value. These quarterly revaluations resulted in a write-down of $2,395,000, which impacted gross margin by 1.9%, compared with $2,619,000, which impacted gross margin by 2.1%, for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

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Our gross profit for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was further impacted by (i) transition expenses in connection with the expansion of our operations into Mexico of $2,148,000 and $2,078,000, respectively, (ii) amortization of core buy-back premiums paid to customers related to new business of $1,326,000 and $1,051,000, respectively, and (iii) customer allowances and return accruals related to new business of $777,000 and $1,710,000, respectively. In addition, our gross profit for the three months ended December 31, 2018 was impacted by (i) net tariff costs of $1,526,000 paid for products sold before price increases were effective and (ii) core sales of $7,753,000, less related cost of goods sold of $7,750,000, and a cost of $767,000 incurred in connection with the cancellation of a customer contract.

Operating Expenses

The following summarizes operating expenses:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
General and administrative	$	10,618,000		$	12,331,000
Sales and marketing		5,623,000			5,149,000
Research and development		2,174,000			2,054,000

Percent of net sales

General and administrative		8.5	%		9.9	%
Sales and marketing		4.5	%		4.1	%
Research and development		1.7	%		1.7	%

General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2019 were $10,618,000, which represents a decrease of $1,713,000, or 13.9%, from general and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2018 of $12,331,000. This decrease was due to (i) a non-cash $1,644,000 gain compared with a non-cash loss of $860,000 recorded due to the change in the fair value of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and (ii) a non-cash gain of $2,128,000 due to the remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated lease liabilities during the three months ended December 31, 2019. These decreases in general and administrative expenses were partially offset by (i) $816,000 of increased employee-related expenses incurred in connection with our growth initiatives, (ii) $848,000 of general and administrative expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions, (iii) $476,000 of increased expense in connection with our internal controls remediation efforts,(iv) $247,000 of increased professional services, (v) $279,000 of increased general and administrative expenses at our offshore locations, (vi) $199,000 of increased depreciation expense, and (vii) $165,000 of increased amortization of intangible assets in connection with our fiscal 2019 acquisitions.

Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses for the three months December 31, 2019 increased $474,000, or 9.2%, to $5,623,000 from $5,149,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 primarily due to $731,000 of sales and marketing expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions and $217,000 for personnel to support our growth initiatives. These increases in sales and marketing expenses were partially offset by (i) $231,000 of decreased marketing expense in connection with new business, (ii) $145,000 of decreased trade shows expenses, and (iii) $62,000 of decreased commissions.

Research and Development. Our research and development expenses increased by $120,000, or 5.8%, to $2,174,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 from $2,054,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018. The increase was due primarily to $260,000 of research and development expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions partially offset by $115,000 of decreased supplies.

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Interest Expense

Interest Expense, net. Our interest expense, net for the three months ended December 31, 2019 increased $1,115,000, or 19.3%, to $6,879,000 from $5,764,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to increased average outstanding borrowings in connection with our growth initiatives. In addition, interest expense for the three months ended December 31, 2019 was higher due to increased utilization of our accounts receivable discount programs, which was partially offset by a lower weighted average discount rate on these programs during the period.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income Tax. We recorded an income tax expense of $1,502,000, or an effective tax rate of 63.5%, and an income tax benefit of $1,035,000, or an effective tax rate of 25.0%, for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rates were primarily impacted by specific jurisdictions that we do not expect to recognize benefit of losses. The effective tax rate is based on current projections and any changes in future periods could result in an effective tax rate that is materially different from the current estimate.

Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The following discussion and analysis should be read together with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.

The following summarizes certain key operating data:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Gross profit percentage		21.2	%		18.4	%
Cash flow used in operations	$	(4,410,000	)	$	(20,328,000	)
Finished goods turnover (annualized) (1)		2.6			3.5

(1)

Annualized finished goods turnover for the fiscal period is calculated by multiplying cost of goods sold for the period by 1.3 and dividing the result by the average between beginning and ending finished goods inventory values, which includes all on-hand core inventory, for the period. We believe this provides a useful measure of our ability to turn our inventory into revenues.

Net Sales and Gross Profit

The following summarizes net sales and gross profit:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Net sales	$	385,096,000		$	343,720,000
Cost of goods sold		303,279,000			280,496,000
Gross profit		81,817,000			63,224,000
Gross profit percentage		21.2	%		18.4	%

Net Sales. Our net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 increased by $41,376,000, or 12.0%, to $385,096,000 compared to net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 of $343,720,000, reflecting continued growth across all of our product lines. In addition, our net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 were positively impacted by (i) $17,284,000 from acquisitions completed during the latter part of fiscal 2019 and (ii) our expansion of automotive aftermarket brake product offerings with the introduction of brake calipers in August 2019, which contributed net sales of $11,455,000.

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Gross Profit. Our gross profit was $81,817,000, or 21.2% of net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to $63,224,000, or 18.4% of net sales for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The gross profit margin increase of 2.8% was due primarily to a change in product mix and the non-cash quarterly revaluation of cores that are part of the finished goods on the customers’ shelves (which are included in contract assets) to the lower of cost or net realizable value. These quarterly revaluations resulted in a write-down of $9,867,000, which impacted gross margin by 2.6%, compared with $11,466,000, which impacted gross margin by 3.3%, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Our gross profit for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was further impacted by (i) transition expenses in connection with the expansion of our operations into Mexico of $5,829,000 and $5,666,000, respectively, (ii) amortization of core buy-back premiums paid to customers related to new business of $3,543,000 and $3,033,000, respectively, (iii) customer allowances and return accruals related to new business of $1,119,000 and $4,083,000, respectively, and (iv) net tariff costs of $1,067,000 and $1,526,000, respectively, which were paid for products sold before price increases were effective. Gross profit for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 was further impacted by a cost of $133,000 incurred in connection with the cancellation of a customer contract. In addition, gross profit for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 was impacted by core sales of $7,753,000, less related cost of goods sold of $7,750,000, and a cost of $767,000 incurred in connection with the cancellation of a customer contract.

Operating Expenses

The following summarizes operating expenses:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018

General and administrative	$	36,903,000		$	33,419,000
Sales and marketing		15,990,000			14,078,000
Research and development		6,694,000			5,574,000

Percent of net sales

General and administrative		9.6	%		9.7	%
Sales and marketing		4.2	%		4.1	%
Research and development		1.7	%		1.6	%

General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 were $36,903,000, which represents an increase of $3,484,000, or 10.4%, from general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 of $33,419,000. This increase was due to (i) $2,196,000 of general and administrative expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions, (ii) $1,525,000 of increased professional services, (iii) $1,197,000 for personnel to support our growth initiatives, (iv) $965,000 of increased expense in connection with our internal control remediation efforts, (v) $769,000 of increased amortization of intangible assets in connection with our fiscal 2019 acquisitions, (vi) $557,000 of increased general and administrative expenses at our offshore locations to support our growth initiatives, and (vii) $473,000 of increased depreciation expense. These increases in general and administrative expenses were partially offset by (i) a non-cash $1,016,000 gain compared with a non-cash loss of $1,628,000 recorded due to the change in the fair value of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and (ii) a non-cash gain of $1,491,000 due to the remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated lease liabilities during the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 increased $1,912,000, or 13.6%, to $15,990,000 from $14,078,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. This increase was due to (i) $1,983,000 of sales and marketing expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions, (ii) $639,000 for personnel to support our growth initiatives, and (iii) $177,000 of increased commissions. These increases in sales and marketing expenses were partially offset by $425,000 of decreased trade shows expenses and $377,000 of decreased marketing expense in connection with new business.

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Research and Development. Our research and development expenses increased by $1,120,000, or 20.1%, to $6,694,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 from $5,574,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to (i) $710,000 of research and development expenses attributable to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions and (ii) $477,000 for personnel to support our growth initiatives. These increases were partially offset by $147,000 of decreased supplies.

Interest Expense

Interest Expense, net. Our interest expense, net for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 increased $3,037,000, or 18.4%, to $19,575,000 from $16,538,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to increased average outstanding borrowings in connection with our growth initiatives and as we build our inventory levels to support anticipated higher sales. The increased utilization of our accounts receivable discount programs was mostly offset by a decrease in the weighted average discount rate from these programs.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income Tax. We recorded an income tax expense of $1,752,000, or an effective tax rate of 66.0%, and an income tax benefit of $1,301,000, or an effective tax rate of 20.4%, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rates were primarily impacted by specific jurisdictions that we do not expect to recognize benefit of losses. The effective tax rate is based on current projections and any changes in future periods could result in an effective tax rate that is materially different from the current estimate.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We had working capital (current assets minus current liabilities) of $75,094,000 and $73,528,000, a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 1.3:1.0 at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

We generated cash during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 from the use of receivable discount programs as well as from our credit facility. The cash generated from these activities was primarily used for our growth initiatives and to build our inventory levels to support anticipated higher sales.

In June 2019, we entered into a second amendment to the credit facility, which, among other things, increased our revolving loan facility from $200,000,000 to $238,620,000.

We believe our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, use of receivable discount programs, amounts available under our credit facility, and other sources are sufficient to satisfy our expected future working capital needs, repayment of the current portion of our term loans, and lease and capital expenditure obligations over the next 12 months.

Share Repurchase Program

As of December 31, 2019, $15,692,000 of the $37,000,000 authorized share repurchase program had been utilized and $21,308,000 remained available to repurchase shares, subject to the limit in our credit facility. Our credit facility permits the payment of up to $20,000,000 of dividends and share repurchases per fiscal year, subject to a minimum availability threshold and pro forma compliance with financial covenants. We retired the 675,561 shares repurchased under this program through December 31, 2019. Our share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any specific number of shares and shares may be repurchased in privately negotiated and/or open market transactions.

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Cash Flows

The following summarizes cash flows as reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Cash flows provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	(4,410,000	)	$	(20,328,000	)
Investing activities		(9,650,000	)		(13,244,000	)
Financing activities		13,546,000			29,290,000
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		61,000			(176,000	)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(453,000	)	$	(4,458,000	)

Additional selected cash flow data:
Depreciation and amortization	$	7,019,000		$	4,933,000
Capital expenditures		10,846,000			8,548,000

Net cash used in operating activities was $4,410,000 and $20,328,000 during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The changes in our cash used in operating activities during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2018 were due primarily to increased operating results (net income plus the net add-back for non-cash transactions in earnings). In addition, our cash flows used in operating activities continue to be significantly impacted by our growth initiatives, including our product line expansion, and our inventory levels.

Net cash used in investing activities was $9,650,000 and $13,244,000 during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, due primarily to our December 2018 acquisition. In addition, during the nine months ended December 31, 2019, we redeemed short-term investments, which was partially offset by increased purchases of equipment for our current operations and the expansion of our operations in Mexico.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $13,546,000 and $29,290,000 during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, due mainly to lower net borrowings under our credit facility. In addition, during the nine months ended December 31, 2018 we used $4,062,000 for share repurchases.

Capital Resources

Credit Facility

We are a party to a $230,000,000 senior secured financing, (as amended from time to time, the “Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders, and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, consisting of (i) a $200,000,000 revolving loan facility, subject to borrowing base restrictions, a $20,000,000 sublimit for borrowings by Canadian borrowers, and a $15,000,000 sublimit for letters of credit (the “Revolving Facility”) and (ii) a $30,000,000 term loan facility (the “Term Loans”). The loans under the Credit Facility mature on June 5, 2023. The Credit Facility permits the payment of up to $20,000,000 of dividends and share repurchases per fiscal year, subject to a minimum availability threshold and pro forma compliance with financial covenants. In connection with the Credit Facility, the lenders have a security interest in substantially all of our assets.

In June 2019, we entered into a second amendment to the Credit Facility (the “Second Amendment”). The Second Amendment, among other things, (i) increased the total size of the Revolving Facility to $238,620,000, (ii) modified the fixed charge coverage ratio financial covenant, (iii) modified the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA”, (iv) modified the borrowing base definition to, among other things, include brake-related products as eligible inventory, (v) increased the letter of credit sublimit to $20,000,000, (vi) increased the Canadian revolving sublimit and swing line sublimit to $24,000,000, (vii) increased the swing line sublimit to $23,862,000, (viii) permitted up to $5,000,000 of sale and lease back transactions per fiscal year, (ix) increased the permitted amount of certain capital expenditures, (x) increased the permitted amount of operating lease obligations per fiscal year, and (xi) increased certain other covenant-related baskets. We capitalized $973,000 of new debt issuance costs in connection with the Second Amendment, which is included in prepaid and other current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019.

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The Term Loans require quarterly principal payments of $937,500 beginning October 1, 2018. The Credit Facility bears interest at rates equal to either LIBOR plus a margin of 2.25%, 2.50% or 2.75% or a reference rate plus a margin of 1.25%, 1.50% or 1.75%, in each case depending on the senior leverage ratio as of the applicable measurement date. There is also a facility fee of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending on the senior leverage ratio as of the applicable measurement date. The interest rate on our Term Loans and Revolving Facility was 4.45% and 4.55% at December 31, 2019, respectively, and 5.24% at March 31, 2019.

The Credit Facility, among other things, requires us to maintain certain financial covenants including a maximum senior leverage ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. We were in compliance with all financial covenants as of December 31, 2019.

The following summarizes the financial covenants required under the Credit Facility:

	Calculation as of December 31, 2019		Financial covenants required under the Credit Facility
Maximum senior leverage ratio		2.06		3.00
Minimum fixed charge coverage ratio		1.37		1.10

In addition to other covenants, the Credit Facility places limits on our ability to incur liens, incur additional indebtedness, make loans and investments, engage in mergers and acquisitions, engage in asset sales, redeem or repurchase capital stock, alter the business conducted by us and our subsidiaries, transact with affiliates, prepay, redeem or purchase subordinated debt, and amend or otherwise alter debt agreements.

We had $130,000,000 and $110,400,000 outstanding under the Revolving Facility at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively. In addition, $4,039,000 was outstanding for letters of credit at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2019, after certain contractual adjustments, $73,767,000 was available under the Revolving Facility.

Receivable Discount Programs

We use receivable discount programs with certain customers and their respective banks. Under these programs, we have options to sell those customers’ receivables to those banks at a discount to be agreed upon at the time the receivables are sold. These discount arrangements allow us to accelerate receipt of payment on customers’ receivables. While these arrangements have reduced our working capital needs, there can be no assurance that these programs will continue in the future. Interest expense resulting from these programs would increase if interest rates rise, if utilization of these discounting arrangements expands, if customers extend their payment to us, or if the discount period is extended to reflect more favorable payment terms to customers.

The following is a summary of the receivable discount programs:

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Receivables discounted	$	341,339,000		$	287,206,000
Weighted average days		347			340
Annualized weighted average discount rate		3.5	%		4.2	%
Amount of discount recognized as interest expense	$	11,570,000		$	11,377,000

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At December 31, 2019, we had no off-balance sheet financing or other arrangements with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships (such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities) established for purposes of facilitating off-balance sheet financing or other debt arrangements or for other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Capital Expenditures and Commitments

Capital Expenditures

Our total capital expenditures, including finance leases, were $13,231,000 and $8,755,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These capital expenditures primarily include the purchase of equipment for our current operations and the expansion of our operations in Mexico. We expect to incur approximately $6,000,000 of capital expenditures for our current operations and approximately $12,000,000 for continued expansion of our operations in Mexico during fiscal 2020. We have used and expect to continue using our working capital and additional capital lease obligations to fund these capital expenditures.

Litigation

There have been no material changes to our litigation matters that are presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, which was filed on June 28, 2019.

Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates that are presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, which was filed on June 28, 2019, except as discussed below.

New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that requires balance sheet recognition of a lease asset and lease liability by lessees for all leases, other than leases with a term of 12 months or less if the short-term lease exclusion expedient is elected. The new guidance also requires new disclosures providing additional qualitative and quantitative information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The new guidance requires a modified retrospective approach with optional practical expedients. The FASB provided entities with an additional transition method, which allows an entity to apply this guidance as of the beginning of the period of adoption instead of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the entity’s financial statements. We adopted this guidance on April 1, 2019 using the additional transition method. We also elected certain practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, including the package of practical expedients, which allowed us not to reassess lease classification for leases that commenced prior to the adoption date. In addition, we elected to exempt leases with an initial term of 12 months or less from balance sheet recognition and, for all classes of assets, combining non-lease components with lease components.

Upon adoption, we recorded operating lease liabilities of $53,043,000 and corresponding operating lease assets of $50,773,000. The difference between the operating lease assets and liabilities recognized on our condensed consolidated balance sheet primarily related to accrued rent on existing leases that were offset against the operating lease asset upon adoption. There was an immaterial reclassification of non-lease components to finance lease assets and finance lease liabilities upon adoption due to our election to combine non-lease components with lease components. The adoption of the new guidance did not have any impact on our rent expense and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. However, we have material nonfunctional currency leases that could have a material impact on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As required for other monetary liabilities, lessees shall remeasure a foreign currency-denominated lease liability using the exchange rate at each reporting date, but the lease assets are nonmonetary assets measured at historical rates, which are not affected by subsequent changes in the exchange rates. We recorded recorded gains of $2,128,000 and $1,491,000 in general and administrative expenses in connection with the remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated lease liabilities during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. See Note 9 for additional discussion of the adoption of ASC 842 and the impact on our financial statements.

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New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In June 2016, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This pronouncement, along with a subsequent ASU issued to clarify certain provisions of the new guidance, changes the impairment model for most financial assets and will require the use of an “expected loss” model for instruments measured at amortized cost. Under this model, entities will be required to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and record an allowance to offset the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, resulting in a net presentation of the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. We plan to adopt this pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning April 1, 2020. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance and it is currently not expected to have any material impact on our consolidated financial statements, business processes, systems and internal controls.

Fair Value Measurements

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance, which changes the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing, adding and modifying certain disclosures. The standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance that simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within ASC 740, Income Taxes, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes in market risk from the information provided in Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of March 31, 2019, which was filed with the SEC on June 28, 2019.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and Chief Accounting Officer (“CAO”), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of December 31, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our CEO, CFO and CAO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2019 as a result of the material weakness described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and below.

A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

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As disclosed in more detail in Item 9A. “Controls and Procedures” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, we identified the following material weakness in internal control over financial reporting:

(1)

We did not perform a sufficient review of certain accounting policies and lacked oversight of the compliance with those policies, which resulted in inconsistent application, inadequate analysis and deficient documentation to support the financial statement presentation and disclosures over certain accounts, including inventory.

(2)

Our lack of sufficient technical accounting resources resulted in inadequate oversight of process level controls of one of our subsidiaries.

Management’s Remediation Efforts

We have designed and begun to implement several steps, as further described below, to remediate the material weakness described in this Item 4 and enhance our overall control environment.

Management has hired additional finance and accounting personnel with the requisite experience and skill levels, supplemented by third-party technical accounting resources, sufficient to enable the proper and timely review of accounting analyses and memos in various technical areas.

Management will continue to formalize the assessment and documentation of the Company’s accounting and financial reporting policies and procedures and enhance controls over the monitoring of compliance with those accounting policies and procedures.

Management will enhance the accounting and internal control training program provided to staff of new and existing subsidiaries. Management will enhance its internal control processes to continuously monitor the subsidiaries’ compliance with and documentation of the Company’s accounting and financial reporting policies and procedures, including internal control over financial reporting.

Management has enhanced and will continue to enhance the risk assessment process and design of internal control over financial reporting at its subsidiary.

The actions that we are taking are subject to ongoing review by our management, including our CEO, CFO and CAO, as well as Audit Committee oversight. Management expects the remediation plan to extend over multiple financial reporting periods throughout fiscal year 2020. The material weakness will not be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. We currently expect that the remediation of this material weakness will be completed prior to the end of fiscal year 2020.

While the foregoing measures are intended to effectively remediate the material weakness described in this Item 4, it is possible that additional remediation steps will be necessary. As such, as we continue to evaluate and implement our plan to remediate the material weakness, management may decide to take additional measures to address the material weakness or modify the remediation steps described above. Until the material weakness is remediated, we plan to continue to perform additional analyses and other procedures to help ensure that our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, applying certain estimates and judgments as required.

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Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

1. Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;

2. Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and

3. Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We are taking actions to remediate the material weakness relating to our internal controls over financial reporting, as described above. Except as discussed above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

There have been no material changes to our litigation matters that are presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, which was filed on June 28, 2019.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors set forth in Item 1A to Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, filed on June 28, 2019.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Limitation on Payment of Dividends and Share Repurchases

The Credit Facility permits the payment of up to $20,000,000 of dividends and share repurchases per fiscal year, subject to a minimum availability threshold and pro forma compliance with financial covenants.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

Shares repurchased during the three months ended December 31, 2019 were as follows:

Periods	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)

October 1 - October 31, 2019:
Open market and privately negotiated purchases		-	$	-		-	$	21,308,000
November 1 - November 30, 2019:
Open market and privately negotiated purchases		-	$	-		-		21,308,000
December 1 - December 31, 2019:
Open market and privately negotiated purchases		-	$	-		-		21,308,000

Total		0				0	$	21,308,000

(1)

As of December 31, 2019, $15,692,000 of the $37,000,000 authorized share repurchase program had been utilized and $21,308,000 remained available to repurchase shares, subject to the limit in our Credit Facility. We retired the 675,561 shares repurchased under this program through December 31, 2019. Our share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any specific number of shares and shares may be repurchased in privately negotiated and/or open market transactions.

Item 5.

Other Information

None.

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Item 6.

Exhibits

(a)

Exhibits:

Number	Description of Exhibit	Method of Filing

3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 declared effective on March 22, 1994 (the “1994 Registration Statement”).

3.2	Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-97498) declared effective on November 14, 1995.

3.3	Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1997.

3.4	Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1998 (the “1998 Form 10-K”).

3.5	Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit C to the Company’s proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on November 25, 2003.

3.6	Amended and Restated By-Laws of Motorcar Parts of America, Inc.	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 24, 2010.

3.7	Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 17, 2014.

3.8	Amendment to the Amended and Restated By-Laws of Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., as adopted on June 9, 2016	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2016.

3.9	Amendment to the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 22, 2017.

4.1	2003 Long Term Incentive Plan	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the SEC on April 2, 2004.

4.2	2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for the 2004 Annual Shareholders Meeting.

4.3	2010 Incentive Award Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on December 15, 2010.

4.4	Amended and Restated 2010 Incentive Award Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on March 5, 2013.

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Number	Description of Exhibit	Method of Filing

4.5	Second Amended and Restated 2010 Incentive Award Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on March 3, 2014.

4.6	2014 Non-Employee Director Incentive Award Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on March 3, 2014.

4.7	Third Amended and Restated 2010 Incentive Award Plan	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on November 20, 2017.

31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

31.3	Certification of Chief Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

32.1	Certifications of Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document

101.SCM	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC.

Dated: February 10, 2020	By:	/s/ David Lee
		David Lee
		Chief Financial Officer

Dated: February 10, 2020	By:	/s/ Kamlesh Shah
		Kamlesh Shah
		Chief Accounting Officer