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NEWMARKET CORP - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File Number 1-32190
NEWMARKET CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Virginia 20-0812170
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)		 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
330 South Fourth Street23219-4350
Richmond,Virginia 
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code - (804) 788-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, with no par valueNEUNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
x
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes  ☐ No  x
Number of shares of common stock, with no par value, outstanding as of March 31, 2021: 10,928,154

Table of Contents
NEWMARKET CORPORATION

INDEX
 Page
Number
3
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PART I.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.     Financial Statements

NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
(in thousands, except per-share amounts)Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20212020
Net sales$566,615 $559,417 
Cost of goods sold404,862 378,510 
Gross profit161,753 180,907 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses36,915 35,715 
Research, development, and testing expenses36,337 35,506 
Operating profit88,501 109,686 
Interest and financing expenses, net6,343 7,104 
Other income (expense), net7,212 7,496 
Income before income tax expense89,370 110,078 
Income tax expense19,658 24,537 
Net income$69,712 $85,541 
Earnings per share - basic and diluted$6.38 $7.67 
Cash dividends declared per share$1.90 $1.90 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 (in thousands)Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20212020
Net income$69,712 $85,541 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans and other postretirement benefits:
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) included in net periodic benefit cost (income), net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(159) in 2021 and $(170) in 2020
(491)(531)
Actuarial net gain (loss) arising during the period, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(219) in 2021 and $0 in 2020
(657)0 
Amortization of actuarial net loss (gain) included in net periodic benefit cost (income), net of income tax expense (benefit) of $529 in 2021 and $397 in 2020
1,790 1,267 
Total pension plans and other postretirement benefits
642 736 
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(464) in 2021 and $(841) in 2020
467 (14,331)
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,109 (13,595)
Comprehensive income$70,821 $71,946 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share amounts)March 31,
2021		December 31,
2020
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$522,405 $125,172 
Trade and other accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses
373,655 336,395 
Inventories414,737 401,031 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets41,670 35,480 
Total current assets1,352,467 898,078 
Property, plant, and equipment, net671,955 665,147 
Intangibles (net of amortization) and goodwill129,248 129,944 
Prepaid pension cost139,104 137,069 
Operating lease right-of-use assets65,307 61,329 
Deferred charges and other assets41,308 42,308 
Total assets$2,399,389 $1,933,875 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$218,211 $189,937 
Accrued expenses73,264 78,422 
Dividends payable18,612 15,184 
Income taxes payable5,949 3,760 
Operating lease liabilities14,307 13,410 
Other current liabilities5,510 11,742 
Total current liabilities335,853 312,455 
Long-term debt990,189 598,848 
Operating lease liabilities-noncurrent50,928 48,324 
Other noncurrent liabilities212,064 214,424 
Total liabilities1,589,034 1,174,051 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock and paid-in capital (with no par value; authorized shares - 80,000,000; issued and outstanding shares - 10,928,154 at March 31, 2021 and 10,921,377 at December 31, 2020)
1,190 717 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(172,055)(173,164)
Retained earnings981,220 932,271 
Total shareholders' equity810,355 759,824 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$2,399,389 $1,933,875 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per-share amounts)Common Stock and
Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossRetained EarningsTotal
Shareholders’ Equity
SharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 201911,188,549 $1,965 $(162,748)$843,881 $683,098 
Net income85,541 85,541 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(13,595)(13,595)
Cash dividends ($1.90 per share)
(21,160)(21,160)
Repurchases of common stock(252,383)(1,627)(92,711)(94,338)
Tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation
(1,547)(633)(633)
Stock-based compensation4,125 295 41 336 
Balance at March 31, 202010,938,744 $0 $(176,343)$815,592 $639,249 
Balance at December 31, 202010,921,377 $717 $(173,164)$932,271 $759,824 
Net income69,712 69,712 
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,109 1,109 
Cash dividends ($1.90 per share)
(20,763)(20,763)
Stock-based compensation6,777 473 473 
Balance at March 31, 202110,928,154 $1,190 $(172,055)$981,220 $810,355 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 (in thousands)Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20212020
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year$125,172 $144,397 
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income69,712 85,541 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization20,631 21,369 
Deferred income tax expense2,455 3,379 
Working capital changes(41,421)(42,058)
Cash pension and postretirement contributions(2,577)(2,557)
Other, net571 (1,213)
Cash provided from (used in) operating activities49,371 64,461 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures(20,524)(20,106)
Cash provided from (used in) investing activities(20,524)(20,106)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net borrowings under revolving credit facility0 97,424 
Issuance of 2.70% senior notes
395,052 0 
Dividends paid(20,763)(21,160)
Repurchases of common stock0 (79,473)
Debt issuance costs(2,932)(1,308)
Other, net(1,915)(1,377)
Cash provided from (used in) financing activities369,442 (5,894)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents(1,056)(4,196)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents397,233 34,265 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$522,405 $178,662 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1.    Financial Statement Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of NewMarket Corporation and its subsidiaries contain all necessary adjustments for the fair presentation of, in all material respects, our consolidated financial position as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and our consolidated results of operations, comprehensive income, and changes in shareholders' equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, and our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020. All adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature, unless otherwise disclosed. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the NewMarket Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (2020 Annual Report), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The results of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2021. The December 31, 2020 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, all references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “company,” and “NewMarket” are to NewMarket Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

2.    Net Sales

Our revenues are primarily derived from the manufacture and sale of petroleum additives products. We sell petroleum additives products across the world to customers located in the North America, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Europe/Middle East/Africa/India (EMEAI) regions. Our customers primarily consist of global, national, and independent oil companies. Our contracts generally include one performance obligation, which is providing petroleum additives products. The performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time when products are shipped, delivered, or consumed by the customer, depending on the underlying contracts.
In limited cases, we collect funds in advance of shipping product to our customers and recognizing the related revenue. These prepayments from customers are recorded as a contract liability to our customer until we recognize the revenue. Some of our contracts include variable consideration in the form of rebates or business development funds. We regularly review both rebates and business development funds and make adjustments when necessary, recognizing the full amount of any adjustment in the period identified.

The following table provides information on our net sales by geographic area. Information on net sales by segment is in Note 3.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in thousands)20212020
Net sales
United States$170,324 $181,844 
China73,988 45,798 
Europe, Middle East, Africa, India176,650 190,623 
Asia Pacific, except China82,597 79,413 
Other foreign63,056 61,739 
Net sales $566,615 $559,417 
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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
3. Segment Information
The tables below show our consolidated segment results. The “All other” category includes the operations of the antiknock compounds business, as well as certain contracted manufacturing and services associated with Ethyl Corporation (Ethyl).
Net Sales by Segment
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in thousands)20212020
Petroleum additives
     Lubricant additives$494,556 $463,686 
     Fuel additives70,342 93,686 
          Total564,898 557,372 
All other1,717 2,045 
Net sales$566,615 $559,417 

Segment Operating Profit
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in thousands)20212020
Petroleum additives$94,071 $113,671 
All other(664)335 
Segment operating profit93,407 114,006 
Corporate, general, and administrative expenses(4,312)(4,231)
Interest and financing expenses, net(6,343)(7,104)
Other income (expense), net6,618 7,407 
Income before income tax expense
$89,370 $110,078 
 
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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
4.    Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits
The table below shows cash contributions made during the three months ended March 31, 2021, as well as the remaining cash contributions we expect to make during the year ending December 31, 2021, for our domestic and foreign pension plans and domestic postretirement benefit plan.
(in thousands)Actual Cash Contributions for Three Months Ended March 31, 2021Expected Remaining Cash Contributions for Year Ending December 31, 2021
Domestic plans
Pension benefits$716 $2,148 
Postretirement benefits287 861 
Foreign plans
Pension benefits1,574 4,797 

The tables below present information on net periodic benefit cost (income) for our domestic and foreign pension plans and domestic postretirement benefit plan. The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost (income) is reflected in cost of goods sold; selling, general, and administrative expenses; or research, development, and testing expenses, according to where other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employee are recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost (income) are recorded in other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
 Domestic
 Pension BenefitsPostretirement Benefits
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
Service cost$4,814 $4,197 $250 $217 
Interest cost3,241 3,508 292 345 
Expected return on plan assets(9,670)(9,305)(233)(241)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)68 66 (757)(757)
Amortization of actuarial net (gain) loss1,390 1,316 12 0 
Net periodic benefit cost (income)$(157)$(218)$(436)$(436)

 Foreign
 Pension Benefits
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)20212020
Service cost$2,757 $2,146 
Interest cost827 984 
Expected return on plan assets(2,666)(2,461)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)38 (11)
Amortization of actuarial net (gain) loss901 353 
Net periodic benefit cost (income)$1,857 $1,011 




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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

5.    Earnings Per Share
We had 26,728 shares of nonvested restricted stock at March 31, 2021 and 19,858 shares of nonvested restricted stock at March 31, 2020 that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect on earnings per share would be anti-dilutive.
The nonvested restricted stock is considered a participating security since the restricted stock contains nonforfeitable rights to dividends. As such, we use the two-class method to compute basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented since this method yields the most dilutive result. The following table illustrates the earnings allocation method utilized in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in thousands, except per-share amounts)20212020
Earnings per share numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders before allocation of earnings to participating securities
$69,712 $85,541 
Earnings allocated to participating securities
153 112 
Net income attributable to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to participating securities
$69,559 $85,429 
Earnings per share denominator:
Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted
10,901 11,136 
Earnings per share - basic and diluted$6.38 $7.67 

6.        Inventories
 March 31,December 31,
(in thousands)
20212020
Finished goods and work-in-process$333,192 $325,588 
Raw materials65,080 59,413 
Stores, supplies, and other16,465 16,030 
$414,737 $401,031 




















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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7.    Intangibles (Net of Amortization) and Goodwill

The net carrying amount of intangibles and goodwill was $129 million at March 31, 2021 and $130 million at December 31, 2020. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of each type of intangible asset and goodwill are presented in the table below.
 March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization
Amortizing intangible assets
Formulas and technology$6,200 $3,875 $6,200 $3,617 
Contract2,000 850 2,000 800 
Customer bases14,240 12,450 14,240 12,037 
Goodwill123,983 123,958 
$146,423 $17,175 $146,398 $16,454 

All of the intangibles relate to the petroleum additives segment. The change in the gross carrying amount between December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021 is due to foreign currency fluctuation. There is no accumulated goodwill impairment.
Amortization expense was (in thousands):
Three months ended March 31, 2021$721 
Three months ended March 31, 2020727 
Estimated amortization expense for the remainder of 2021, as well as estimated annual amortization expense related to our intangible assets for the next five years, is expected to be (in thousands):
2021$1,435 
20221,423 
2023907 
2024390 
2025390 
2026390 
We amortize the contract over 10 years; customer bases over 4 to 20 years; and formulas and technology over 6 years.










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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
8.    Long-term Debt
(in thousands)March 31,
2021		December 31,
2020
Senior notes - 2.70% due 2031 (net of related deferred financing costs)
$391,194 $0 
Senior notes - 4.10% due 2022 (net of related deferred financing costs)
348,995 348,848 
Senior notes - 3.78% due 2029
250,000 250,000 
$990,189 $598,848 
Senior Notes - On March 18, 2021, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 2.70% senior notes due 2031. The 2.70% senior notes are general unsecured senior obligations and rank equally with our other unsecured senior indebtedness. The offer and sale of the notes were registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We incurred financing costs in the first three months of 2021 of approximately $4 million related to the 2.70% senior notes, which are being amortized over the term of the notes.
The indenture governing the 2.70% senior notes includes certain customary covenants that, among other things and subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to:
•grant liens to secure indebtedness;
•engage in sale and lease back transactions;
•merge or consolidate with, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to a third party.
The outstanding 4.10% senior notes are unsecured, with an aggregate principal amount of $350 million and are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The outstanding 3.78% senior notes are unsecured and were issued in a 2017 private placement with The Prudential Insurance Company of America and certain other purchasers.
We were in compliance with all covenants under all issuances of outstanding senior notes as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
Revolving Credit Facility - The revolving credit facility has a borrowing capacity of $900 million, a term of five years, and matures on March 5, 2025. The obligations under the revolving credit facility are unsecured and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by NewMarket. We were in compliance with all covenants under the credit facility as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 outstanding letters of credit were approximately $2 million resulting in the unused portion of the credit facility amounting to $898 million.




















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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
9.    Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
We are involved in legal proceedings that are incidental to our business and may include administrative or judicial actions. Some of these legal proceedings involve governmental authorities and relate to environmental matters. For further information, see Environmental below.
While it is not possible to predict or determine with certainty the outcome of any legal proceeding, we believe the outcome of any of these proceedings, or all of them combined, will not result in a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
Environmental
We are involved in environmental proceedings and potential proceedings relating to soil and groundwater contamination, disposal of hazardous waste, and other environmental matters at several of our current or former facilities, or at third-party sites where we have been designated as a potentially responsible party (PRP). While we believe we are currently adequately accrued for known environmental issues, it is possible that unexpected future costs could have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Our total accruals for environmental remediation, dismantling, and decontamination were approximately $10 million at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Of the total accrual, the current portion is included in accrued expenses and the noncurrent portion is included in other noncurrent liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Our more significant environmental sites include a former plant site in Louisiana (the Louisiana site) and a Houston, Texas plant site (the Texas site). Together, the amounts accrued on a discounted basis related to these sites represented approximately $7 million of the total accrual above at March 31, 2021 and $8 million at December 31, 2020, using discount rates ranging from 3% to 9% for both periods. The aggregate undiscounted amount for these sites was $9 million at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
10.    Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The balances of, and changes in, the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, consist of the following:
(in thousands)Pension Plans
and Other Postretirement Benefits		Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsAccumulated Other
Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Balance at December 31, 2019$(69,795)$(92,953)$(162,748)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
0 (14,331)(14,331)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (a)
736 0 736 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
736 (14,331)(13,595)
Balance at March 31, 2020$(69,059)$(107,284)$(176,343)
Balance at December 31, 2020$(92,771)$(80,393)$(173,164)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(657)467 (190)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (a)
1,299 0 1,299 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
642 467 1,109 
Balance at March 31, 2021$(92,129)$(79,926)$(172,055)
(a) The pension plan and other postretirement benefit components of accumulated other comprehensive loss are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (income). See Note 4 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 17 in our 2020 Annual Report for further information.






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NEWMARKET CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
11.    Fair Value Measurements
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as the fair value, was $522 million at March 31, 2021 and $125 million at December 31, 2020. The fair value is classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.
No material events occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2021 requiring adjustment to the recognized balances of assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.
Long-term debt – We record the carrying amount of our long-term debt at historical cost, less deferred financing costs related to our publicly traded senior notes. The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is shown in the table below and is based primarily on estimated current rates available to us for debt of the same remaining duration and adjusted for nonperformance risk and credit risk. The estimated fair value of our publicly-traded senior notes included in the table below is based on the last quoted price closest to March 31, 2021. The fair value of our debt instruments are classified as Level 2.
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)Carrying
Amount		Fair
Value		Carrying
Amount		Fair
Value
Long-term debt $990,189 $1,036,673 $598,848 $648,671 
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ITEM 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements about future events and expectations within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future results. When we use words in this document such as “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “expects,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “will,” and similar expressions, we do so to identify forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make regarding future prospects of growth in the petroleum additives market, other trends in the petroleum additives market, our ability to maintain or increase our market share, and our future capital expenditure levels.
We believe our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable expectations and assumptions, within the bounds of what we know about our business and operations. However, we offer no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations due to uncertainties and factors that are difficult to predict and beyond our control.
Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, the availability of raw materials and distribution systems; disruptions at production facilities, including single-sourced facilities; hazards common to chemical businesses; the ability to respond effectively to technological changes in our industry; failure to protect our intellectual property rights; sudden or sharp raw material price increases; competition from other manufacturers; current and future governmental regulations; the gain or loss of significant customers; failure to attract and retain a highly-qualified workforce; an information technology system failure or security breach; the occurrence or threat of extraordinary events, including natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and health-related epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic; risks related to operating outside of the United States; political, economic, and regulatory factors concerning our products; the impact of substantial indebtedness on our operational and financial flexibility; the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates; resolution of environmental liabilities or legal proceedings; limitation of our insurance coverage; our inability to realize expected benefits from investment in our infrastructure or from recent or future acquisitions, or our inability to successfully integrate recent or future acquisitions into our business; the underperformance of our pension assets resulting in additional cash contributions to our pension plans; and other factors detailed from time to time in the reports that NewMarket files with the SEC, including the risk factors in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our 2020 Annual Report, which is available to shareholders upon request.
You should keep in mind that any forward-looking statement made by us in this report or elsewhere speaks only as of the date on which we make it. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We have no duty to, and do not intend to, update or revise the forward-looking statements in this discussion after the date hereof, except as may be required by law. In light of these risks and uncertainties, any forward-looking statement made in this report or elsewhere, might not occur.

Overview
When comparing the results of the petroleum additives segment for the first three months of 2021 with the first three months of 2020, net sales increased 1.4% primarily due to higher lubricant additives product shipments and a favorable foreign currency impact, partially offset by decreased selling prices and lower fuel additives product shipments. Petroleum additives operating profit was 17.2% lower when comparing the first three months of 2021 with the first three months of 2020, reflecting lower selling prices and higher conversion and raw material costs, partially offset by increased product shipments.
On March 18, 2021, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 2.70% senior notes due 2031.
Our operations generate cash that is in excess of the needs of the business. We continue to invest in and manage the business for the long-term with the intent of helping our customers succeed in their marketplaces. Our investments continue to be in organizational talent, technology development and processes, and global infrastructure, consisting of technical centers, production capability, and geographic expansion.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Current Economic Environment
While to a lesser extent than during 2020, petroleum additives operating results for the first three months of 2021 include an unfavorable impact from the economic uncertainty resulting from the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related restrictions on the movement of people, goods and services resulting in fewer miles driven than during the first three months of 2020. The pace and stability of improvement in demand for our products will continue to depend heavily on economic recovery and the rate at which government restrictions are lifted and remain lifted. We will continue to monitor the government restrictions, as well as the status of the vaccination programs that are being implemented globally. We expect successful vaccination efforts will help provide more stability in the global economy in 2021.
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With only a very few government-ordered, short-term exceptions, all of our locations around the world, including our manufacturing and research and development facilities, have continued to operate safely and without interruption during the pandemic, and we expect them to continue to do so. Raw material sourcing has not been significantly impacted and we do not expect that to change over the coming months. The transportation industry continues to operate and our products are currently being delivered to our customers.
Our financial position remains strong. We have sufficient access to capital if needed and do not anticipate any issues with meeting the covenants for all our debt agreements. Our major capital projects are continuing to progress substantially as planned.
As we operate in the chemical industry, we continue to be focused on protecting the health and safety of our employees and have procedures in place at each of our operating facilities to help ensure their well-being.
The chemical industry and our products are recognized as essential for transportation of goods and services. Our business continuity planning process focuses our efforts on managing through this challenging time and helping our customers do the same. As we are a global company and can leverage the knowledge and experience of our personnel in facilities across the world, we do not expect to experience negative impacts related to short-term travel and border restrictions.

Results of Operations
Net Sales
Consolidated net sales for the first three months of 2021 totaled $566.6 million, representing an increase of $7.2 million, or 1.3%, from the first three months of 2020. The following table shows net sales by segment and product line.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)20212020
Petroleum additives
Lubricant additives$494.6 $463.7 
Fuel additives70.3 93.7 
Total564.9 557.4 
All other1.7 2.0 
Net sales$566.6 $559.4 
Petroleum Additives Segment
The regions in which we operate include North America (the United States and Canada), Latin America (Mexico, Central America, and South America), Asia Pacific, and the EMEAI region. While there is some fluctuation, the percentage of net sales generated in the regions remained fairly consistent when comparing the first three months of 2021 with the same period in 2020, as well as with the full year in 2020.
Petroleum additives net sales for the first three months of 2021 were $564.9 million compared to $557.4 million for the first three months of 2020, an increase of 1.4%. Both the Asia Pacific and Latin America regions reflected increases in petroleum additives net sales, which were mostly offset by decreases in the EMEAI and North America regions. The reductions in the EMEAI region reflects some continuing impact as a result of the economic disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including lower demand for petroleum additives products reflecting the restrictions on the movement of people, goods, and services. In addition to some impact from the COVID-19 pandemic when comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020, the North America region also reflected the impact of weather-related reductions in net sales.
The following table details the approximate components of the increase in petroleum additives net sales between the first three months of 2021 and 2020.
(in millions)Three Months
Period ended March 31, 2020$557.4 
Lubricant additives shipments39.7 
Fuel additives shipments(21.1)
Selling prices(22.7)
Foreign currency impact, net11.6 
Period ended March 31, 2021$564.9 
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When comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020, petroleum additives shipments accounted for an $18.6 million increase in net sales. The impact from improved shipments was partially offset by lower selling prices, net of a favorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates. The United States Dollar weakened against most of the major currencies in which we transact when comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020 resulting in a favorable impact to petroleum additives net sales for the three months comparative periods. The favorable impact was predominantly due to changes in the Euro exchange rate.
On a worldwide basis, the volume of product shipments for petroleum additives increased 2.6% when comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020. Shipments of lubricant additives increased mostly in the Asia Pacific region, with smaller increases in the North America and Latin America regions and a decrease in the EMEAI region. Fuel additives shipment volumes decreased for the three months comparative period across all regions except the Asia Pacific region. The decrease in fuel additives shipments was predominantly in the North America and EMEAI regions, substantially due to the impact of the restrictions on movement of people, goods, and services, as well as weather-related impacts in North America.

All Other
The “All other” category includes the operations of the antiknock compounds business and certain contracted manufacturing and services.

Segment Operating Profit
NewMarket evaluates the performance of the petroleum additives business based on segment operating profit. NewMarket Services Corporation expenses are charged to NewMarket and each subsidiary pursuant to services agreements between the companies. Depreciation on segment property, plant, and equipment, as well as amortization of segment intangible assets and lease right-of-use assets, is included in segment operating profit.
The following table reports segment operating profit for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)20212020
Petroleum additives$94.1 $113.7 
All other$(0.7)$0.3 
Petroleum Additives Segment
The petroleum additives segment operating profit decreased $19.6 million when comparing the first three months of 2021 to the first three months of 2020. Both comparative periods included the impact of the same factors that affected gross profit (see discussion below).
The operating profit margin was 16.7% for the first three months of 2021 as compared to 20.4% for the first three months of 2020. For the rolling four quarters ended March 31, 2021, the operating profit margin for petroleum additives was 15.6%. The economic disruption from COVID-19 impacted the rolling four quarter operating profit margins and continues to have a more limited impact on our results during 2021. Operating profit margins remain a priority, and while they will fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to multiple factors, we believe the fundamentals of our business and industry as a whole are unchanged.
Petroleum additives gross profit decreased $18.2 million when comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales was 71.3% for the first three months of 2021, increasing from 67.7% for the first three months of 2020.
When comparing the first three months of 2021 and 2020, the decrease in gross profit resulted from unfavorable impacts from lower selling prices (as discussed in the Net Sales section above) and higher raw material costs, as well as unfavorable conversion costs, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact, which together contributed over 100% of the change in the three months comparative period. These unfavorable factors for the three months comparison were partially offset by improved product shipments (also as discussed in the Net Sales section above).
Petroleum additives selling, general, and administrative expenses (SG&A) increased $0.6 million when comparing the first three months of 2021 to the same 2020 period. SG&A as a percentage of net sales was 5.6% for the first three months of 2021 and 5.5% for the first three months of 2020. Our SG&A costs are primarily personnel-related and include salaries, benefits, and other costs associated with our workforce, including travel expenses. While personnel-related costs fluctuate from period to period, there were no significant changes in the drivers of these costs when comparing the periods.
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Our investment in petroleum additives research, development, and testing (R&D) increased $0.8 million when comparing the first three months periods of 2021 and 2020. As a percentage of net sales, R&D was 6.4% for both the first three months of 2021, and first three months of 2020. Our R&D investments reflect our efforts to support the development of solutions that meet our customers' needs, meet new and evolving standards, and support our expansion into new product areas. Our approach to R&D investment, as it is with SG&A, is one of purposeful spending on programs to support our current product base and to ensure that we develop products to support our customers' programs in the future. R&D investments include personnel-related costs, as well as costs for internal and external testing of our products.

The following discussion references certain captions on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Interest and Financing Expenses
Interest and financing expenses were $6.3 million for the first three months of 2021 and $7.1 million for the first three months of 2020. The decrease for the three months comparison resulted primarily from lower amortization and fees, as well as higher capitalized interest during the 2021 period.

Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net was income of $7.2 million for the first three months of 2021 and $7.5 million for the first three months of 2020. The amounts for both of the 2021 and 2020 periods primarily reflect the components of net periodic benefit cost (income), except for service cost, from defined benefit pension and postretirement plans. See Note 4 for further information on total periodic benefit cost (income).

Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $19.7 million for the first three months of 2021 and $24.5 million for the first three months of 2020. The effective tax rate was 22.0% for the first three months of 2021 and 22.3% for the first three months of 2020. Income tax expense decreased $4.6 million due to the lower income before income tax expense. The lower effective tax rate resulted in a $0.2 million decrease in income tax.
There were no significant drivers of the change in the effective tax rates between the first three months of 2021 and 2020.

Cash Flows, Financial Condition, and Liquidity
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2021 were $522.4 million, which was an increase of $397.2 million since December 31, 2020.
Cash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries amounted to $116.3 million at March 31, 2021 and $97.3 million at December 31, 2020. Periodically, we repatriate cash from our foreign subsidiaries to the United States through intercompany dividends and loans. We do not anticipate significant tax consequences from future distributions of foreign earnings.
A portion of our foreign cash balances is associated with earnings that we have asserted are indefinitely reinvested. We plan to use these indefinitely reinvested earnings to support growth outside of the United States through funding of operating expenses, research and development expenses, capital expenditures, and other cash needs of our foreign subsidiaries.
We expect that cash from operations, together with borrowing available under our revolving credit facility, will continue to be sufficient to cover our operating needs and planned capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months.
Cash Flows – Operating Activities
Cash flows provided from operating activities for the first three months of 2021 were $49.4 million, including the use of $41.4 million to fund higher working capital requirements. The $41.4 million used for working capital excluded a small unfavorable foreign currency impact to the components of working capital on the balance sheet.
The most significant changes in working capital included increases in accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts payable. The increase in accounts receivable balances when comparing March 31, 2021 with the end of 2020 was primarily the result of higher sales in certain regions, as well as slightly slower customer payments due to the impacts of COVID-19. The increase in inventory was primarily in response to higher demand in some regions, and the increase in accounts payable reflected normal fluctuations across the regions due to timing and increased purchases of raw materials to meet customer demand.
Including cash and cash equivalents, as well as the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the balance sheet, we had total working capital of $1.0 billion at March 31, 2021 and $585.6 million at December 31, 2020. The current ratio was 4.03 to 1 at March 31, 2021 and 2.87 to 1 at December 31, 2020.
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Cash Flows – Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities totaled $20.5 million during the first three months of 2021 and represented capital expenditures. We currently expect that our total capital spending during 2021 will be in the $75 million to $85 million range and will include several improvements to our manufacturing and R&D infrastructure around the world. We expect to continue to finance capital spending through cash on hand and cash provided from operations, together with borrowing available under our revolving credit facility.
Cash Flows – Financing Activities
Cash provided from financing activities during the first three months of 2021 amounted to $369.4 million. These cash flows included $395.1 million of proceeds from the issuance of our $400 million 2.70% senior notes. Cash flows from financing activities also included cash dividend payments of $20.8 million.
Debt
Our long-term debt was $990.2 million at March 31, 2021 compared to $598.8 million at December 31, 2020.
On March 18, 2021, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 2.70% senior notes due 2031 at an issue price of 98.763%. We intend to use the net proceeds from the offering for the repayment or redemption of our 4.10% senior notes and for general corporate purposes. We incurred financing costs in 2021 of approximately $4 million related to the 2.70% senior notes, which are being amortized over the term of the notes.
See Note 8 for additional information on the 2.70% senior notes, 4.10% senior notes, 3.78% senior notes, and revolving credit facility, including the unused portion of our revolving credit facility.
All of our senior notes and the revolving credit facility contain covenants, representations, and events of default that management considers typical of credit arrangements of this nature. The covenants under the 3.78% senior notes include negative covenants, certain financial covenants, and events of default which are substantially similar to the covenants and events of default in our revolving credit facility.
The revolving credit facility contains financial covenants that require NewMarket to maintain a consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the agreement) of no more than 3.75 to 1.00, except during an Increased Leverage Period (as defined in the agreement) at the end of each quarter. At March 31, 2021, the Leverage Ratio was 2.51 under the revolving credit facility.
At March 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants under the 4.10% senior notes, 3.78% senior notes, 2.70% senior notes, and revolving credit facility.
As a percentage of total capitalization (total long-term debt and shareholders’ equity), our total long-term debt percentage increased from 44.1% at December 31, 2020 to 55.0% at March 31, 2021. The change in the percentage resulted primarily from the issuance of the 2.70% senior notes, partially offset by the increase in shareholders' equity. The change in shareholders’ equity primarily reflects our earnings offset by dividend payments, and the impact of foreign currency translation adjustments along with the changes in the funded position of our defined benefit plans. Generally, we repay any outstanding long-term debt with cash from operations or refinancing activities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
This Form 10-Q and our 2020 Annual Report include discussions of our accounting policies, as well as methods and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements. We also provided a discussion of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in our 2020 Annual Report.
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those reported in our 2020 Annual Report.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There are no new significant recent accounting pronouncements which may materially impact our financial statements.

Outlook
Our stated goal is to provide a 10% compounded return per year for our shareholders over any five-year period (defined by earnings per share growth plus dividend yield), although we may not necessarily achieve a 10% return each year. We continue to have confidence in our customer-focused strategy and approach to the market. We believe the fundamentals of how we run our business - a long-term view, safety-first culture, customer-focused solutions, technology-driven product offerings, and world-class supply chain capability - will continue to be beneficial for all of our stakeholders over the long term.
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We expect our petroleum additives segment will continue to experience impacts to its operating performance due to the current economic environment. Our global business will see varying effects on demand that will differ by region based on our product portfolio and geographic coverage. The global market should stabilize when government restrictions on the movement of people, goods, and services are lifted, as modern transportation and machinery cannot function without our products. We expect that the petroleum additives market will grow in the 1% to 2% range annually for the foreseeable future. We plan to exceed that growth rate over the long-term.
Over the past several years we have made significant investments in our business as the industry fundamentals remain positive. These investments have been and will continue to be in organizational talent, technology development and processes, and global infrastructure, consisting of technical centers, production capability and geographic expansion. We intend to utilize these investments to improve our ability to deliver the solutions that our customers value, expand our global reach, and enhance our operating results. We will continue to invest in our capabilities to provide even better value, service, technology, and customer solutions.
Our business generates significant amounts of cash beyond its operational needs. We regularly review our many internal opportunities to utilize excess cash from technological, geographic, production capability, and product line perspectives. We believe our capital spending is creating the capability we need to grow and support our customers worldwide, and our research and development investments are positioning us well to provide added value to our customers. Our primary focus in the acquisition area remains on the petroleum additives industry. It is our view that this industry segment will provide the greatest opportunity for solid returns on our investments while minimizing risk. We remain focused on this strategy and will evaluate any future opportunities. We will continue to evaluate all alternative uses of cash to enhance shareholder value, including stock repurchases and dividends.

ITEM 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
At March 31, 2021, there were no material changes in our market risk from the information provided in the 2020 Annual Report except for a change in interest rate risk due to the issuance of the $400 million 2.70% senior notes.
A hypothetical 100 basis point decrease in interest rates, holding all other variables constant, would have resulted in a change of $59 million in the fair value of our debt at March 31, 2021.

ITEM 4.     Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance of the reliability of the financial records and the protection of assets. Under Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act), we carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II.     OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.     Legal Proceedings
There have been no material changes to our legal proceedings as disclosed in "Legal Proceedings" in Item 3 of Part I of the 2020 Annual Report.

ITEM 6.     Exhibits
 
Articles of Incorporation Amended and Restated effective April 27, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 1-32190) filed April 30, 2012)
NewMarket Corporation Bylaws Amended and Restated effective August 6, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 1- 32190) filed August 6, 2015)
Indenture, dated as of March 18, 2021, between NewMarket Corporation and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K (File No. 1- 32190) filed March 18, 2021)
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 18, 2021, between NewMarket Corporation and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K (File No. 1- 32190) filed March 18, 2021)
Form of 2.70% Senior Notes due 2031 (form included as Exhibit A to the First Supplemental Indenture (incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K (File No. 1- 32190) filed March 18, 2021)
Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Thomas E. Gottwald
Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Brian D. Paliotti
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Thomas E. Gottwald
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Brian D. Paliotti
Exhibit 101Inline XBRL Instance Document and Related Items (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its Inline XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
Exhibit 104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
NEWMARKET CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date: April 22, 2021By: /s/ Brian D. Paliotti
Brian D. Paliotti
Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: April 22, 2021By: /s/ William J. Skrobacz
William J. Skrobacz
Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)


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